3 modes of routers:

1) User Mode--> basic testing to test TCP/IP stack like Ping command can run

2) Privilege Mode--> We can see router configuration

3) Global Mode--> We have complete access of hardware of the router

Two types of ends:

a) DCE (Data Control End)

*Clock rate is fixed,

*MTU size of packet is detected

*Clock rate is given on DCE end, it will tell DTE about specific flow of data

b) DTE (Data Transmission End)

*DTE is usually a male connector and DCE is a female connector

To access a router we have 3 ways:

2 physical

* highest priority to console

* if line console is damaged then AUX is used. We need a device with it i.e. combo2 RJ45
converter.

1 logical

*telnet

Line vty 0 4 (at a time 5 persons can do telnet)

Password for telnet is must

Non Modular Router
DCE and DTE serial cables

New commands

1. ‘No logging synchronous’

 When we change our mode the message is printed and the command
is broken. To avoid breakage we use no logging synchronous.

2. 'No exec -timeout’

 Router by defaults goes back to user mode if it is idle for say 5
minutes. To avoid this we will use this command.

3. ‘No ip domain-lookup’
 To save time if we enter wrong keyword. It will not translate.
4. ‘copy running config start config’
 To save changes made on the router permanently .

5. ‘erase startup-config’
 To erase the contents of startup-config

6. ‘write’

7. 'sh interfaces’