SAP2000 Tutorial Example

Analysis and Design of Continuous RC Beam

(US Units)

ACECOMS, AIT
Tel, Fax: 662-524-5539 ext 105 Email: acecoms@ait.ac.th Website: http://www.acecoms.ait.ac.th

Table of Content
Objective ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Problem ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Material.................................................................................................................................................... 3 Step-by-Step Solution ............................................................................................................................... 3 Step-by-Step Solution ............................................................................................................................... 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Start modeling by template .......................................................................................................... 3 Define Material Properties............................................................................................................ 3 Frame Section Properties............................................................................................................. 3 Define Load Cases ........................................................................................................................ 3 Define Load Combinations ........................................................................................................... 3 Assign Section Properties and Restraints ................................................................................. 3 Assign Loads .................................................................................................................................. 3 Analyzing the building ................................................................................................................... 3 View Analysis Results................................................................................................................... 3 Design Structure ........................................................................................................................ 3

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Objective To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the modeling , static analysis and design of Continuous beams using ACI 318-99 Problem Carryout the modeling, analysis and design for continuous beams as shown below Material E = 3120 ksi fc = 4 ksi fy = 60 ksi fys = 35 ksi (stirrups) Poissons Ratio = 0.2 Concrete cover to longitudinal rebar center = 3 in
w(LL) = 1.6 klf P(LL) = 15 kip

w(DL) = 2.2 klf Exclude beam weight

5'

15'

5'

10'

15'

25'

25'

30"

Beam Section
20"

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step-by-Step Solution 1. Start modeling by template

Step 1-1: Start up screen of SAP2000, select the working unit Kip-ft from dropdown menu on the bottom-right of screen then select File + New model from Template to start new model.

Step 1-2: Select beam template button, enter Number of Spans (2) and Span Length (25 ft).

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step 1-3: Back to main screen, showing structure in 3D view (left window) and XZ Plane view (right window) with restrains and grid lines that have been assigned automatically.

2. Define Material Properties

Step 2-1: Change the working unit from Kip-ft to Kip-in from drop-down menu on the bottom-right of screen.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step 2-2: From main menu, select Define + Material, Define Materials editor shows 3 default materials, select 4000psi and click Modify/Show Material.

Step 2-3: Enter material properties for Concrete, for this example, accept default properties. Click OK.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

3. Frame Section Properties

Step 3-1: Go to Define + Section Properties+ Frame Sections. In Define Frame Sections window shows FSEC1 as default section that has been assigned to all frame elements, click Add new property

Step 3-2: Select Concrete from dropdown box and click on Rectangular to add the section

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step 3-3: Enter Depth (30), enter Width (20), change Material from STEEL to CONC and click Reinforcement button.

Step 3-4: In Reinforcement Data, select Beam from Element Class, specify Concrete Cover to Rebar Center for Top (3) and Bottom (3).

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

4. Define Load Cases

Step 4-1: From main menu select Define + Load Pattern. Enter DL into Load Pattern Name edit box and click Modify Load Pattern button. Enter LL into Load Pattern Name edit box select LIVE from Type, change Self Weight Multiplier to 0 and click Add New Load Pattern

5. Define Load Combinations Step 5-1: To define load combinations, go to "Define" + "Load Combinations" and press on "Add New Combo"

Step 5-2: Enter "COMB1" in "Load Combination Name", select Linear Add" from "Load Combination Type", select "DEAD from Load Case Name", enter 1.4 in "Scale Factor" and click "Add".

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step 5-3: Repeat similar steps as Step 5-1 and 5-2 to define "COMB2" Load Combination for 1.4DL+1.7LL

6. Assign Section Properties and Restraints

Step 6-1: Section properties and restrains have been assigned automatically by starting model from Template. Both of them can be displayed by clicking "Set Display Options button or go to "View" + "Set Display Options" from main screen and selecting "Section" from "Frames" and "Restraints" from "Joints".

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step 6-2: Select the frames using select button

Step 6-3: From the main menu select Assign + Section Properties + Frame Sections, and select the FSEC2 and click OK

Step 6-4: To assign Number of output along each element, select all beams by clicking Select All button, go to Assign + Frame + Output Stations and enter 4 into Min Number Stations.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

7. Assign Loads

Step 7-1: back to main screen, close 3D View window and maximize X-Z Plane window. Change working unit to Kip-ft and select all beams by windowing or clicking Select All button. All number of selected objects will be reported in the bottom-left of screen.

Step 7-3: Select first beam and go to Assign + Frame Loads + Distributed.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step7-4: Select LL from Load Case Name and Global Z from Direction. Select Absolute Distance End-I and enter similar values in Trapezoidal Loads box as show in above figure

Step7-5: Select second beam and go to Assign + Frame Loads + Point.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step 7-6: Select "LL" from "Load Case Name" and "Global Z" from "Direction", select "Absolute Distance End-I" and enter 10 in "Distance" box 2 and -15 in "Load" box 2.

8. Analyzing the building

Step 8-1: To set analysis option, select "Analyze" + "Set Options", select XZ Plane and click "OK"

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step 8-1: Click Run Now to run the analysis

9. View Analysis Results View displacements Step 9-1: Displacements can be display from Display + Show Deformed Shape, enter Scale Factor or select Auto and select Options Wire Shadow to display undeformed shape line Cubic Curve to display deformed shape in cubic curve

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step 9-2: Deformed shape animation can be activated by clicking Start Animation. Speed of animation can be customized during animation by sliding/adjusting at the bottom right corner.

Step 9-3: Animation can be exported in AVI format file from File + Create Video + Create Cycle Animation Video.'

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Viewing Member Forces Step 9-4: To display Axial forces, Shear, Moment or Torsion, go to Display + Show Element Forces/Stresses + Frames and select Load, Component, Scaling and Fill Diagram or Show Values on Diagram

Step 9-5: Member forces diagram can be shown for a particular element by right mouse click over the element.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Viewing Reactions Step 9-6: To display Reactions, go to Display + Show Element Forces/Stresses + Joints or click Joint Reaction Forces button and select Load and Reaction from Type

Step 9-7: Joint Forces can be shown for a particular joint by right mouse click over the element.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

10. Design Structure

Step 10-1: Select "Design + Concrete Frame Design + View/Revise Reference and specify desired design parameters.

Step 10-2: Select "Design + Concrete Frame Design + Select Design Combos and select load combination for design.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step 10-3: Start design by selecting "Design + Concrete Frame Design + Start Design/Check of Structures

Step 10-4: Select "Design + Concrete Frame Design + Display Design Info

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams

Step 10-5: Concrete Design Information contains all design outputs in each load cases and load combination can be displayed by right mouse click over the element.

Step 10-6: Summary and Detail Design can be shown by clicking Summary, Flex Details or Shear Details: button.

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