10 Further differentiation

Ext10

dy d2 y
Extension 1 Find and for each of these:
Exercise 10 dx dx 2
a x2 3xy ‡ 2y 2 ˆ 12 b x2 4xy ‡ 4y 2 ˆ 12
c Explain the answer to part b with reference to the geometry of the curve.

2 Show that the gradient of the ellipse b2 x 2 ‡ a2 y 2 ˆ a2 b2 at the point

d2 y
(a cos y, b sin y) is ( b=a) cot y and find an expression for at that point.
dx 2
3 Find the equation of the normal at the point (x1 , y1 ) on the ellipse
x2 y2
‡ 2 ˆ1
a2 b
4 Show that the equation of the tangent to the rectangular hyperbola xy ˆ c 2 at
the point (h, k) may be written xk ‡ yh 2c 2 ˆ 0.
Find the equation of the tangent which passes through the point (0, c).

5 Differentiate these expressions using logarithmic differentiation.

s
x
(2x ‡ 3)3 e 2 sin x 1 1
a b c pp  d
1 2x x 4
x ‡ 1 3 x2 1
2 x ex cos x

x2 y2
6 If ‡ 2 ˆ 1, prove that
a2 b
dy b2 x d2 y b4 d3 y 3b6 x
ˆ ˆ and ˆ
dx a2 y dx 2 a2 y 3 dx 3 a4 y 5

7 Find, and classify, any stationary points on the curve x n ‡ ( 1)n y n ˆ 1, for
n 2 Z‡ .
dy
8 Given that x y ˆ y x find an expression for .
dx
p d
9 By rewriting y ˆ x q as y q ˆ x p and assuming that …x n † ˆ nx n 1
for n 2 Z
dx
d
prove that …x n † ˆ nx n 1 for n 2 Q.
dx
10 A hemispherical bowl of radius r cm is being filled with water at a uniform rate.
When the depth of the water is h cm, the volume is
 
2 h3
p rh cm3
3
Find the rate at which the water level is rising when it is halfway to the top,
given that r ˆ 6 and the bowl takes 1 minute to fill.

A2 Core for Edexcel # Pearson Education Ltd. 2005 1

 10 Further differentiation

11 A container in the shape of a right circular cone of height 10 cm and base

radius 1cm is catching the drips from a tap leaking at the rate of 0.1 cm3 s 1 .
Find the rate at which the surface area of the water is increasing when the
water is halfway up the cone.
12 A right circular cone has semi-vertical angle y and height 3 cm.
a Find an expression for the volume, V, of the cone in terms of y.
b If y is increasing at 0.02 radians per second, find, in terms of p, the rate at
p
which the volume is increasing when y ˆ .
4

2 A2 Core for Edexcel # Pearson Education Ltd. 2005