GII THIU HC BNG ERASMUS MUNDUS

(L g ca Chng trnh Erasmus Mundus) L mt du hc sinh t my m xin hc bng, ti t cm nhn s cn thit phi chia s thng tin cng nh kinh nghim sao cho cc bn b cng trang la nh ti hay nhng bn tr hn c th tip cn c nhng c hi gio dc cht lng cao, c c hi i y nng cao kin thc v rn luyn k nng, m rng tm mt, c st v thit lp cc nhp cu b bn v tri thc quc t, trc mt gip ch cho bn thn lp nghip ri sau ng gp cho nhng li ch ln hn, rng hn. T xin hc bng t nhiu ngun khc nhau ngoi hc bng ngn sch nh nc, cng l mt cch lm bt i gnh nng ti chnh cho quc gia trong bi cnh t nc thiu thn m vn m bo c nhng mc tiu trn. Thc ra, tt c cc thng tin v cc hc bng ny u c trn Internet, bng ting Anh, ting Vit hay cc th ting khc, hay c ph bin cc hi ch gio dc Chu u hay Hoa K t chc Vit Nam. V vy, trong bi vit ca mnh, ti s khng c gng dch hay nhc li tt c mi vn , m ch nu ra nhng im ng ch , nhng ni dung quan trng v cn thit nht. Nu cc bn c quyt tm i du hc, bi vit ngn gn ny s gip cc bn ln k hoch v chun b nhng yu t cn thit, trong quan trng nht l hon thnh nhng b h s cht lng tt nht. Nu cc bn mun c thm thng tin, hy vo trang web chnh thc ca cc chng trnh ny tm hiu. Ti hi vng cc bn khc, khng phi b ng, khng bi ri, khng rn rn v khng mt nhiu thi gian nh ti trc kia, hai hay ba nm v trc, khi ni n hc bng du hc nh mt th rt xa tm tay hay cu chuyn ca nhng con ngi khc. Bi vit ny s gii thiu vi cc bn hc bng do Lin minh Chu u ti tr: ERASMUS MUNDUS. A. GII THIU CHUNG Chng trnh Gio dc ca chu u, Erasmus Mundus (sau y vit tt l EM), tng i tr. Pha 1 bt u t nm 2004 v kt thc vo nm 2008. Theo mt s thng tin ti c bit Pha 2 s c tip tc t nm 2009 n 2013. Hin nay, U ban EM v cc Consortium ang tng kt cc kt qu ca giai on u a ra d n cho giai on hai, vi quy m rng m hn, khng ch cho ngnh hc Thc S, m c i hc v Tin S.

Thc ra, EM l phi sinh ca chng trnh Eramus, chng trnh lin kt o to v trao i (co-operation and mobility program) dnh cho cc trng i hc, cc sinh vin thuc cc nc trong EC/EU ra i cch y 20 nm[1]. Mc tiu tng qut ca chng trnh, c din t bng nhng t ng bng by, l nng cao cht lng gio dc cao hc v thc y s hiu bit lin cc nn vn ho (intercultural) thng qua hp tc vi cc nc ngoi chu u cc nc th ba (third countries)[2]. T , mt mc tiu con l nhm pht trin cc kho hc Thc s cht lng cao, trong to in kin cho sinh vin v hc gi ngoi chu u (non-European or third countries) tham gia vo cc chng trnh o to sau i hc ti cc c s gio dc ca chu u, cng nh khuyn khch cc sinh vin v hc gi chu u i ra cc nc ngoi chu U hc tp v trao i[3]. Chng trnh EM ra i trong bi cnh cc chu u ni chung c phn lp v so vi Anh, v M, trong lnh vc khoa hc v gio dc. Mc d mc hc ph Anh v M rt cao, nhng hai nn gio dc vn c sc hp dn ln bi cht lng o to v tnh linh ng trong chng trnh, do thu ht mt s lng ln sinh vin (gii v giu) t trn th gii n hc. V mt ti chnh, s lng sinh vin quc t ny em li ngun li nhun kch x, bin cc trng i hc Anh, M thnh cc c s o to giu c nht th gii. V mt hc thut, n to ra cc mi trng cnh tranh tri thc v a vn ho, tn dng c mt ngun ti sn tr tu khng l v thc y s sng to. C l v l , trong s 20 trng i hc hang u do tp ch Times nh gi nm 2006, c n 10 trng ca M, 4 trng ca Anh, 1 ca Trung Quc, 1 ca Nht, 1 ca c, 1 ca Singapore v ch c mt trng ca Php[4]. Chng trnh EM l mt chng trnh ln, c 4 actions chnh: Xy dng cc kho hc sau i hc cht lng cao (EM Masters Courses), Cp hc bng (EM Scholarships), i tc (Partnership) v Nng cao tnh hp dn (Actractiveness Enhancement). Trong giai on 2004 2008, ngn sch dnh cho chng trnh ln l 230 triu euro v 90% dnh cho cp hc bng. Chng trnh ln EM theo c t chc thnh nhiu cc Kho hc MA (Action 1) gm 3-4 trng i hc Chu u v c th lin kt vi cc trng i hc ngoi chu u (Action 3). Cc chng trnh ny c cung cp mt lng ngn sch hng nm pht trin chng trnh, nng cao cht lng v tnh hp dn (Action 4) v cung cp hc bng cho sinh vin v hc gi cc nc trong th gii th ba (Action 2). Do mc ch v gii hn ca bi vit, ti ch tp trung vo Action 2 v HC BNG v nhng iu cc hc sinh quan tm nht nh iu kin d tuyn, mc hc bng, cch thc d tuyn, B. IU KIN / TIU CHUN D TUYN - Sinh vin thuc cc nc th ba third countries theo nh ngha k trn. Vo ch thch [2]. - C t nht mt bng i hc (C nhn hoc K s) vi kt qa hc tp xut sc.

- Khng c tr hoc khng lm vic, hc tp hn 12 thng trong vng 5 nm tr li y ti bt k 27 nc thnh vin no ca EU, cc nc EEA/EFTA v cc ng c vin sp gia nhp EU) - Cc iu kin c th do tng Consortium quy nh (v bng cp v ngnh hc lin quan, v trnh ngoi ng, v h s ) Nhn xt: - Khng nh cc hc bng khc, Fulbright, Chevening, Hc bng ny ch i hi s xut sc trong hc tp, khng yu cu kinh nghim. Do , y l mt c hi ln cho cc bn mi ra trng, thm ch c cc bn sinh vin nm cui. - Hc bng khng gii hn cc i tng cng nh khng c i tng u tin. Do , cc bn lm ngoi khu vc cng v cc c s gio dc hay nghin cu cng c c hi. Tuy nhin, do tnh hc thut ca cc chng trnh, theo kinh nghim ca ti, ng c vin thuc cc trng i hc, cc c s nghin cu c nhiu li th hn. - Cc bn c th ng k 2-3 chng trnh trong cng mt lc tng c hi c tuyn chn. Lu , l ngnh hc MA c cn khng trng kht, m ch cn c mi lin h gn gi vi ngnh hc BA ca cc bn. Vn l bn gii thch nh th no v s la chn ca mnh trong tng quan vi nh hng ngh nghip cng nh ngnh hc c ca bn. C. CCH THC THAM GIA D TUYN Trc ht, cc bn hy vo link [5] chn cho mnh mt Kho hc (EM Masters Courses) ph hp, vi ngnh mnh hc cng nh nh hng ngh nghip tng lai. Mi kho hc do mt consortium gm 3-4 trng v quan trng l h s ca bn gi thng n Consortium , khng phi l Commission to the Education Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (CEACEA)[6]. V Consortium ny s c ra mt Committee xt tuyn, v quyt nh danh sch nhng th sinh tiu chun c nhn hc bng EM. Danh sch c gi n European Commission v Europe Parliament thng qua v mt nhn s v ti chnh. Lc , nhng ngi trong danh sch c thng qua chnh thc c nhn hc bng EM. Thng th, cc Consortium v Committee ca cc trng ng vai tr ch yu trong vic la chn nhng ngi c cp hc bng da trn h s d tuyn. Hin nay EM c khong 80 kho hc EM khc nhau (MC), nhiu ngnh hc khc nhau, khng ch cc ngnh KHXH m c KHTN. Cc ngnh ni chung: - Kin trc, Quy hoch th v Vng - Ngh thut v Thit k

- Kinh Doanh v Khoa hc Qun l - Lut, Ngn ng v Khoa hc X hi - Ton v Tin hc, v cc ngnh KHTN khc - Mi trng, Y v Dc, Thng tin c th v cc kho hc MA c th tm y: http://ec.europa.eu/education/programmes/mundus/projects/index_en.html Mi kho hc c khong trn di 20 sut hc bng mi nm v bt k sinh vin no ng k vo khoa hc ngha l ng k cnh tranh cho 20 sut hc bng . ng ch l, bn c np n ti a cho 3 kho hc (MC) khc nhau trong cng mt lc. Nu bn c chp nhn hn 1 Kho hc, bn s phi la chn ch MT m thi. Nn nh, s lng h s vo mt kho hc hng nm rt ng. Trong chng trnh ca ti, thng tin khng chnh thc khong trn di 2000 cho nin hc 2007-2008. Khng c phng vn tr trng hp c bit. V vy, cn phi chng t trong bn l mt ng c vin nng k v u vit hn nhng th sinh khc trong h s ca mnh. D. MC HC BNG Theo quy nh trong Action 2, mc hc bng cho sinh vin ca nc th ba n hc chu u theo thi gian mt hoc 2 nm tu theo chng trnh: mc hc bng dnh cho mi sinh vin l 21000 euro mt nm hc (10 thng). Nu chng trnh l hai nm th tng s hc bng l 42000 euro. Mi thng, mt sinh vin s nhn c 1600 euro (scholarship) v 5000 euro (grant) thm cho c nm dnh cho cc loi ph, i li, di chuyn, cc kho hc ngn ng Tuy nhin, trn thc t, tin hc ph, tu theo quy nh ca tng kho hc, thng ln hn 5.000 euro mt nm v cc sinh vin thng phi trch t s tin 1.600 m mnh nhn c hng thng ng gp. V d, kho hc SEFOTECH, s tin hc ph l 10.000 mt nm, nn s tin net m sinh vin chng trnh ny nhn c hng thng l 1.100. chng trnh khc, s tin hc ph l 7.000 cho mt nm v s tin sinh vin nhn c l 1.400 mt thng. V cc sinh vin phi t tr tin i li (n v i khi chu u) cng nh l chi ph i li t trng n sang trng kia trong chng trnh. mt s kho hc, mt s nc, nu cc bn mun tham gia cc kho hc ngoi ng cng phi t ng tin. Tuy nhin, quy nh rt khc mi kho hc khc nhau. Vi s tin trn 1000 euro mt thng, vn c th m bo cho mt bn sinh vin sng tng i y mt thnh ph mc sng trung bnh Ty u (tr London v cc thnh ph thuc Thu S v cc nc Bc u).

Lu rng, khi nhn c hc bng EM, bn nghim nhin c c bo him bi chng trnh bo him ca EM (Erasmus Mundus Insurance Scheme) [7]. Bn khng phi ng thm mt khon ph no, nhng c bo him trong thi gian trc khi bn ri khi VN ba thng v sau khi kt thc kho hc 3 thng. Vi sinh vin EM, cc th tc v th thc cng c u tin. E. T CHC V CHNG TRNH O TO Chng trnh o to c hnh thnh theo tnh cht integrative (lin kt) v hp tc (cooperation). - Lin kt: Chng trnh chung pht trin linh hot theo tp hp cc module m mi trng ph trch cc module khc nhau. Cc trng s c vai tr ngang nhau v t ch trong vic pht trin module ca mnh. Theo m hnh ny, tnh thng nht v tnh a dng c cn bng. - Tiu chun chung: Thit k tiu chun chung cho xt tuyn v nh gi thnh tch hc tp. n v hc trnh tnh theo n v tiu chun ca chu u l ECTS (European Credit Transfer System). S n v hc trnh quy nh cho 1 nm l 60 ECTS. - Tnh lu ng (Mobility): Cc sinh vin s phi hc t nht l 2 trng trong chng trnh ca mnh, tu theo tng kho hc. Ti hc 2 nm hai trng, hai nc khc nhau. C bn trong18 thng, hc cc 4 trng trong chng trnh tu theo tng giai on, mun v mn hc c th. Cc t chc ny gip cho sinh vin tip cn nhiu ngun kin thc, cng nh nhiu cch t duy, nhiu nn vn ho, nhiu ngn ng trong qua trnh hc tp ca mnh, J. - Cp bng chung: Joint Degree hay Double Degree. V bng cp ca chng trnh c cng nhn tn ton chu u v c gi tr hc tip ln PhD hoc cao hn. F. THI GIAN LU Thng vo thng 11, 12, Cng trong thi gian ny, cc kho hc bt u open cho application. Hn cui cng cho vic np h s tu theo chng trnh nhng vo khong cui thng 2 hoc cui thng 3 hng nm. Cc bn nn vo trang web chnh thc ca tng kho hc bit lch c th. Thng 12/2007, U ban Chu u Vit Nam c chng trnh hi ch qung b cho Erasmus Mundus ti H Ni v ti Thnh ph H Ch Minh.

Theo kinh nghim ca ti, khi bn c mc tiu, th nn chun b cng sm cng tt. Quy nh v h s v cc bi vit khng thay i ln hng nm nn bn c th tham kho v chun b t nht trc t 6 thng n 1 nm m bo kh nng thnh cng cao. Lu cui cng: EM khng phi l chng trnh vin tr pht trin. M n l chng trnh pht trin gio dc y tnh cnh tranh. V vy, i th ca cc bn l nhng sinh vin xut sc t khp ni trn th gii. Vic la chn ch yu da trn kt qu hc tp i hc, cc ng gp hc thut v cht lng h s xin hc bng. Ch c khong 10%, theo ti nh gi, dnh cho c cu vng v quc gia. u i dnh cho cc sinh vin chu l chng trnh ASIA WINDOW cung cp mt s lng hc bng nht nh cho cc ng c vin t chu lc ny. Cnh tranh l ht sc gay gt. Hy chng t nng lc ca mnh, nhng cng ng qun s chun b chu o, cch lm vic khoa hc v trch nhim vi bn thn l mt phn ca thnh cng. Wroclaw, ngy 12 thng Nm nm 2008 Thanh Hi Chng trnh Erasmus Mundus Nghin cu Ton cu i hc Tng hp Vin - i hc Tng hp Wroclaw Email: dothanhhai80@gmail.com

[1] Erasmus c t theo tn ca mt hc gi v nhn vn hc v thn hc ngi H Lan, Desiderious Erasmus Rotterdamus, ngi tng theo hc hu ht cc trng dng ni ting chu u. Mundus trong ting La Tinh ngha l Th gii ch quy m ton cu ca chng trnh. [2] Third Countries c nh ngha l tt c cc nc trn th gii tr 27 nc thnh vin ca Lin minh chu u v Iceland, Na Uy, Liechtenstein, Croa-tia (EEA/EFTA), ba nc ng c vin gia nhp EU l Croatia, Th Nh K and Macedonia. Hm ngha third country khng ng ngha vi third world - th gii th ba nh l [3] Tham kho thm: http://ec.europa.eu/education/programmes/mundus/index_en.html [4] The Times Higher Education Supplement, World University Rankings, October 2006. [5] Cc kho hc MA c th tm y: http://ec.europa.eu/education/programmes/mundus/projects/index_en.html [6] Cc c s gio dc sau i hc (active higher educational institutions) mun tham gia vo EM s np n vi CEACEA. Cn cc th sinh mun ng k d tuyn hc bng th phi np n n cc Consortium tng ng.

[7] Xem chi tit ti y: http://ec.europa.eu/education/programmes/mundus/insurance/indemnities.pdf