IGCSE Past Questions

The Paris Treaties 5 Mark Questions What military restrictions were imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles? (June 05) What were Germanys main territorial losses under the Treaty of Versailles? (June 04) Describe what Clemenceau and Lloyd George each wanted to achieve in the peace settlement of 1919-20. (November 04) What did Clemenceau want to achieve from the peace settlement of 1919-20? (June 07) 7 Mark Questions Why did the aims of the Big Three at Versailles differ? (June 05) Why was Germany dissatisfied with the Treaty of Versailles? (June 04) Why did the Treaty of Versailles cause problems for Germany in the years up to 1923? (November 05) Why did the terms of the Treaty of Versailles cause so much bitterness in Germany? (June 07) 8 Mark Questions Was the Treaty of Versailles fair? (November 04) The peacemakers of 1919-23 coped successfully with the problems they faced. How far do you agree with this statement on the treaties made with the defeated powers? (June 07)

The League of Nations in the 1920s 5 Mark Questions What were the main aims of the League of Nations when it was set up in 1920? (June 06) What were the aims of the League of Nations? (November 04) How did the League of Nations hope to prevent future wars between nations? (November 03) Describe the successes of the League of Nations in the 1920s (November 05) 7 Mark Questions Why did the structure and membership of the League of Nations weaken it? (June 06) Why did the League of Nations have some successes in the 1920s? (November 04) Explain how the Japanese invasion of Manchuria showed the weakness of the League. (November 06) 8 Mark Questions How How 04) How How successful was the League of Nations in the 1920s? successful was the League of Nations in dealing with disputes during the 1920s? (June far was the League of Nations a success? (June 06) far was the League of Nations a failure? (November 03)

The League of Nations in the 1930s 7 Mark Questions Why did the League of Nations fail to deal with Japanese aggression against Manchuria? (November 05) Why did the League fail to restrict the aggression of Japan in the 1930s? (November 03) 8 Mark Questions It was the Abyssinian Crisis that destroyed the League of Nations as an effective peacekeeping body. How far do you agree with this statement? (November 05) How far can the failure of the League of Nations in the 1930s be blamed on the Great Depression? (November 04) Which was the more important cause of the failure of the League of Nations the World Depression of the 1930s or the invasion of Abyssinia? (November 07)

The Causes of the Second World War 5 Mark Questions When Hitler came to power, what did he hope to achieve with his foreign policy? (June 06 and November 03) What were the aims of Hitlers foreign policy? (June 05) Describe the events in the Saar in 1935 (November 05) How did the 1935 plebiscite change the situation in the Saar? (June 04) What was agreed at the Munich Conference of September 1938? (November 06) In what ways did Hitler build up his armed forces before 1936? (June 07) 7 Mark Questions Explain how Hitler destroyed the Treaty of Versailles. (June 06) Why did Britain and France allow Germany to re-militarise the Rhineland? (November 05) Why was Hitlers foreign policy successful up to 1938? (June 05) Explain why Hitler wanted the Nazi-Soviet Pact of 1939? (June 04) Why did Britain go to war over Poland in 1939? (November 03) Why was remilitarisation of the Rhineland a risk for Hitler? (June 07) Why was the Nazi-Soviet Pact of August 1939 important? (November 06)

8 Mark Questions How far was appeasement justified? (June 06 and June 04) Hitlers desire for lebensraum was the most important reason for the outbreak of war in 1939. How far do you agree with this statement? (November 05) How far was the Nazi-Soviet Pact responsible for causing war in Europe? (June 05) How far was the Treaty of Versailles to blame for the outbreak of war in 1939? (November 03) The policy of appeasement was a failure. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 07) How far was the Treaty of Versailles to blame for the outbreak of war in 1939? (November 06)

The Beginnings of the Cold War

5 Mark Questions What was the Iron Curtain? (June 05) What was agreed at the Potsdam Conference? (June 06) What was agreed at the Yalta Conference, 1945? (June 04 and November 03) 7 Mark Questions Why was there continuing tension over Berlin in the years 1945-1949? (June 06) Explain why the USSR blockaded Berlin. (June 04) Why was Marshall Aid offered to countries in Europe? (June 05) Why was Eastern Europe largely in the hands of the USSR by 1946? (November 03)

8 Mark Questions Only Stalin of the Allies achieved what he wanted as a result of the war with Germany. Do you agree? (November 03) It was Truman not Stalin who brought about the Cold War. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 2006) The USSR was to blame for the Cold War. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 04) The Berlin Blockade brought Europe close to war. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 05) The Korean War, The Congo Crisis and the UN 5 Mark Questions Describe events in Korea between 1945 and June 1950 (November 06) Describe the structure of the United Nations Organisation (UNO). (November 2005) 7 Mark Question Explain why the United Nations became involved in the Korean War (November 06) 8 Mark Questions How successful was the UNO in the Congo Crisis? (November 05) The United Nations was more successful in Korea than in the Congo. How far do you agree with this statement? (November 06)

The Cuban Missile Crisis 5 Mark Questions Describe 06) Describe Describe Describe relations between Cuba and the USA in the period 1959-1961 (November 04 and the USAs response up to 1961 to Castros takeover of Cuba (June 05) the Bay of Pigs incident (November 03) the response of the USA to Castros takeover of Cuba (June 07)

7 Mark Questions Why Why Why Why did the USSR install missile bases in Cuba (November 03) was the USA concerned about Soviet missiles in Cuba? (June 05 and November 04) did Khrushchev send missiles to Cuba? (November 06) was the Bay of Pigs invasion a failure for the USA? (June 07)

8 Mark Questions There was never any real risk of war over Cuba. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 05) The Cuban Missile Crisis was not as serious as it appeared at the time. Do you agree? (November 03) Khrushchev claimed that the Cuban Missile Crisis was a victory for the USSR. Do you agree with this view? (November 04) Khrushchev handled the Cuban Missile Crisis better than Kennedy. How far do you agree with this statement? (November 06) The Cuban Missile Crisis was never a threat to world peace. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 07)

The Vietnam War 5 Mark Question Who were the Vietcong? (November 05) What was the Domino theory? (June 07)

7 Mark Questions Why did the USA get involved in the Vietnam War? (November 05) Why did the Vietnam War become increasingly unpopular with the people of America? (June 07) 8 Mark Question How far can the American withdrawal from Vietnam be blamed on military failure? (November 05) The USA was unsuccessful in Vietnam because of the oppositions use of guerrilla tactics. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 07) Soviet Control over Eastern Europe 1948-68 5 Mark Questions Describe how the Berlin Wall affected people living in Berlin (November 04) Describe how the USSR reacted to events in Hungary in 1956? (June 06) Describe the events in Hungary in 1956. (June 04) 7 Mark Question Why was the Berlin Wall built? (November 04)

 Why was the USSR worried about developments in Czechoslovakia in Spring 1968? (June 06) Why did the USSR invade Czechoslovakia in 1968? (June 04)

The Collapse of Soviet Control of Eastern Europe 8 mark questions How important was Solidarity in the decline of Soviet influence in Eastern Europe? (June 06) How far can the decline of Soviet power in Eastern Europe be blamed on the Solidarity movement? (November 04) Gorbachev was responsible for the collapse of Soviet control over Eastern Europe. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 04)

Section B (Depth Study A: Germany 1918-45) The Early Year of the Weimar Republic 1918-23 5 Mark Questions What political problems existed in Germany in the period 1918-1920? (June 06) Who were the Spartacists? (November 05) Describe the events of the Kapp Putsch, 1920 (June 05) Describe the ideas and policies of the Nazi Party in the 1920s (November 04) Describe the Munich Putsch. (June 04) Describe the effects of the hyperinflation of 1923 on the lives of German people. (November 03) What were Hitlers aims in the Munich Putsch? (November 06) 7 Mark Questions Why Why Why Why Why did many Germans hate the Treaty of Versailles? (November 05) was 1923 a year of crisis for the Weimar Republic? (June 06) was there an economic crisis in Germany in 1923? (June 05) did France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr in 1923? (November 03) was the Putsch important? (November 06)

8 Mark Questions Hyperinflation was a disaster for Germany. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 05) To what extent did the Weimar Republic recover after 1923? (November 05) Gustav Stresemann and the Era of Fulfilment 1924-29 7 Mark Question Explain why the Nazi Party had little success before 1930. (November 04) 8 Mark Questions How successful was the Weimar Republic in dealing with Germanys problems by 1928? (June 06) How far did Stresemann restore pride and prosperity to Germany? (November 03)

Hitlers rise to power 1929-34 5 Mark Questions What was the Enabling Law of March 1933? (November 03) In what ways did Hitler change his tactics following the Munich Putsch? (June 07)

7 Mark Questions Why did the support for the Nazis increase after the Wall Street Crash of 1929? (June 04) Why did the events of 1930-32 result in Hitler becoming Chancellor? (June 07) 8 Mark Questions The effects of the Wall Street Crash provided the main reason why Hitler was able to become Chancellor of Germany by 1933. Do you agree with this statement? (November 04) How important was the Night of the Long Knives in establishing Hitler in power 19331934? (June 2004) The actions of von Papen and Hindenburg were the main reason why Hitler became Chancellor. How far do you agree with this statement? (November 06) The most important reason why Hitler was able to strengthen his control over Germany during the period 1933-34 was the Night of the Long Knives. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 07)

The Third Reich 1933-45 5 Mark Questions Describe how the Nazis tried to win the hearts and minds of young people. (June 06) Describe the use of propaganda by Hitler to control the German people. (June 04) What were Nazi views towards women and the family? (November 05) Describe the changes the Nazis made to education in schools. (June 05) Describe the actions taken by Hitler to reduce unemployment. (November 04) Describe the events of the Night of the Long Knives. (November 06) Describe the work of Goebbels (June 07)

7 Mark Questions Why Why Why Why Why Why Why Why did the Nazis try to change the role of women? (June 06) did the Nazis discourage women from going out to work? (November 04) did the Nazis encourage young people to join the Hitler youth? (November 05) was it important for the Nazis to win the hearts and minds of young people? (June 04) did Hitler seek to control all forms of the media? (November 03) did the Nazis persecute minority groups in Germany? (June 05) was Goebbels important to Hitler? (November 06) did the Nazis persecute many different groups in German society? (June 07)

8 Mark Questions How successful was the Nazi regime in dealing with opposition? (June 06) How total was the control the Nazis had over the German people before 1939? (November 04). Most people in Germany benefited from Nazi rule. How far do you agree? (November 05) Young people in Germany did not support the Nazi regime. How far do you agree with this statement? (June 05) How popular was the Nazi regime with the German people? (June 04) How far had Hitlers policies gained the support of the German people by 1939? (November 03) Most Germans supported the Nazis during their twelve years in power. How far do you

agree with this statement? (November 06) Was Nazi Germany a totalitarian state? (June 07)