migraciis saerTaSoriso organizacia

saqarTvelos misia

dasaqmebaze informaciis, konsultaciisa da mimarTvis centri

proforientaciis meToduri safuZvlebi

nawili pirveli

T b i l i s i 2007

krebuli momzadda migraciis saerTaSoriso organizaciis (IOM) saqarTvelos misiis mier CexeTis respublikis mTavrobis saerTaSoriso daxmarebis programis `TanamSromloba ganviTarebisaTvis~ farglebSi, saxalxo universitetTa germanuli asociaciisa (dvv international ) da saqarTvelos mecnierebisa da ganaTlebis saministros mxardaWeriT. The Book is prepared by the Inetrnational Organization for Migration (IOM) withing the frames of the Development Cooperation Programe of the Czech Republic and with the support of the German Association of Adult Education (dvv International) and the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia krebuli gaTvaliswinebulia profkonsultaciis sferoSi momuSave specialistebisTvis. The Book is intended for the speialists in the field of professional consultation

krebulis SemdgenelTa jgufi: Compilative Group:

n. baxutaSvili, c. anTaZe, T. Sermadini, m. kalandaZe N. Bakhutashvili, Ts. Antadze T. Shermadini, M. kalandadze

redaqtori:

fsiqologiur mecnierebaTa doqtori, iv. javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis Sromisa da organizaciuli fsiqologiis kaTedris gamge, profesori givi qiria Prof. Givi Kiria, Doctor of Psychology, Department of Labour and Organizational Psychology, Tbilisi State University

Editor:

Guidelines for Professional Orientation Basics

Part One
Summary The importance of development and rational use of human resources is critical at this point of social development. Globalized economy, modern technologies and amplified professionalism have a significant effect on the labor market. Variable qualification requirements for labor force, increased mobility of labor market as well as the development and full-scale utilization of personal capabilities necessitate strict requirements for professional training and professional orientation and the career development system in general. New challenges revealed the need to assist people in choosing and changing their professions, identifying spheres of competence and planning and development of their careers. The Georgian Law on Professional Education of 28 March, 2007 provides for establishment and development of a professional orientation system within the professional training centers (Paragraph k of Article 6). To implement the aforesaid challenges, the need to establish methodological and methodical guidelines for professional orientation, as well as increasing availability of existing methodical materials, has become obvious. Under the aegis of the Job Counseling and Referral Center established within the scope of the IOM program, the first edition of Guidelines for Prof-Orientation Basics (Part One) was prepared. The publication consists of two parts theoretical, which covers the essence, importance, objectives of professional orientation and provides various possible forms of implementation, and practical, which offers a number of the best practices (tests and questionnaires) used worldwide for the purposes of professional orientation and professional diagnostics in particular. By sharing the best practical experience and know-how, a professional consultant will be able to make proper evaluation of an applicant and provide grounded recommendations for professional selections. The publication given below is the first edition of methodological materials on professional orientation prepared in the Georgian language. Lecturing professors from Tbilisi State University and practitioner psychologists acting in the sphere of labor psychology were actively involved in the work process. Editorial board encourages every assumption, comment and suggestion with regard to the material presented.

r e d a q t o r i s g a n
profesiaTa Taviseburebebis safuZvelze profesiuli saswavleblebis kontingentis swori dakompleqtebis efeqtur saSualebad specialuri diagnostikuri testirebaa aRiarebuli. testirebis mizans pirovnebis individualuri maxasiaTeblebis profesiis obieqturi moTxovnebisadmi Sesabamisobis miRweva warmoadgens. samwuxarod, CvenSi am mimarTulebiT muSaoba faqtobrivad sawyis mdgomareobaSia, rac, garda organizaciuli siZneleebisa, gamowveulia saerTod profdiagnostikuri saSualebebisa da gansakuTrebiT ki profesiuli saqmianobis analizze dafuZnebuli specialuri testebisa da maTi gamoyenebis meToduri rekomendaciebis uqonlobiT. migraciis saerTaSoriso organizaciis `dasaqmebaze konsultaciisa da mimarTvis centris~ mier momzadebuli specialuri profdiagnostikuri meTodebis warmodgenili krebuli am mimarTulebiT arsebuli xarvezebis Sevsebis pirveli mcdeloba gaxlavT. krebulSi warmodgenilia pirovnebis profesiulad mniSvnelovani fsiqologiuri Taviseburebebis sayovelTaod cnobili meTodikebi _ ketelis pirovnebis Sefasebis 16 faqtoriani kiTxvari, aizenkis pirovnul niSanTa sakvlevi meTodika. krebulSi mocemulia agreTve profsaqmianobis fsiqologiur faqtorTa Sefasebis, azrovnebis, mexsierebisa da sxva funqciebis sakvlevi meToduri saSualebebi. pirovnebis profSesatyvisobis rekomindirebuli fsiqologiuri saSualebebi efeqtur meTodebadaa aRiarebuli. zogierTi maTgani aporobirebulia iv. javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis Sromisa da organizaciis fsiqologiis kaTedris TamanSromlebis mier mfrinavebis, mezRvaurebis, mZRolebisa da sxva profesiebisaTvis kandidatTa SefasebiT. krebulSi kompleqsuradaa mocemuli agreTve profkonsultantTa fsiqologiuri samsaxurisTvis aucilebeli kiTxvarebic. warmodgenili meToduri saSualebebi, vfiqrobT, mniSvnelovan daxmarebas gauwevs profkonsultantebs maTi ZiriTadi saqmianobis ganxorcielebaSi. profesiul saswavleblebSi proforentaciuli muSaobis efeqturobis amaRlebisaTvis, vfiqrobT, aucilebelia yuradRebis gamaxvileba Semdeg sakiTxebze: 1) gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom pirovnebis profvargisianobis Sefaseba iwyeba ara maTi testirebiT, aramed profesiaTa aRwera-daxasiaTebebis analiziT, maTi Taviseburebebis dadgeniT. profesiaTa aRwerebi fiqsirebulia profesiaTa profesiograma-fsiqogramebSi. profesiograma-fsiqogramebis analizi aris profvargisianobis Semowmebis winmswrebi da aucilebeli etapi. 2) krebulSi mocemuli meToduri saSualebebi xelmisawvdomia specialuri fsiqologiuri ganaTlebis armqone, magram profdiagnostikis saWiroebaze garkveul doniT informirebuli konsultantisTvisac. garda amisa, warmodgenili kiTxvarebi da sxva saxis testebi iZlevian sakmaod zogadi saxis informacias testirebuli pirovnebis Sesaxeb, amitom aucilebelia Sedegebis diferencirebuli Sefaseba da profesiis specifikisadmi maTi Sejereba. magaliTad, profesiaTa erTi jgufi 4

SesaZloa yuradRebis koncentraciis unars ufro saWiroebdes, vidre mis ganawilebas, an piriqiT; romelime profesiuli Tviseba (mag: TviTkontroli, TviTSefaseba) SesaZloa ufro mniSvnelovani aRmoCndes profesiaTa erTi jgufisaTvis, vidre sxva romelime pirovnuli maxasiaTebeli. xazgasmiT unda aRvniSnoT, rom testuri monacemebis diferencirebuli Sejereba profesiis moTxovnebisa da maxasiaTeblebisadmi mxolod specialisti fsiqologis prerogativaa da misi monawileobiT unda Catardes. 3) vinaidan profesiuli saswavleblis konsultant-fsiqologis mier moswavle-abiturientTa profSesatyvisobis Sefaseba iwyeba ara diagnostirebiT, aramed samuSaos profesiografirebiT, aucilebelia profkonsultants gaaCndes amomwuravi informacia im profesiaTa ekonomikuri, socialuri da fsiqo-fiziologiuri Tvisebebis Sesaxeb, romelTa daufleba saswavleblis saswavlo gegmiT aris gaTvaliswinebuli. amitom saWiroa profkonsultantTa `SeiaraReba~ ara mxolod profdiagnostireba-prognozirebisaTvis aucilebeli da Tanamedrove meToduri xerxebiT _ kiTxvarebiT, testebiT da a.S., aramed profesiaTa ergonomiuli aRwera-analizis monacemebiT da monacemTa metnaklebad damoukideblad mopovebis unar-CvevebiT.

iv. javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis Sromisa da organizaciuli fsiqologiis kaTedris gamge, profesori givi qiria

S i n a a r s i
winasityvaoba- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8 Tavi I. profesiuli orientaciis arsi, mniSvneloba, formebi - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

9 ra mniSvneloba aqvs profesiis sworad arCevas? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10 ras niSnavs `profesiuli orientacia (proforientacia)~?- - - - - - - - - 12 vin aris profkonsultanti da ra daxmarebis gaweva SeuZlia mas profesiis arCevis procesSi? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15 profkonsultacia profesiis arCevisas - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18 profkonsultacia profesiuli momzadeba-gadamzadebisas - - - - - - - - 19 profkonsultacia da karieris dagegmva - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20 profkonsultacia dasaqmebis xelSewyobisaTvis - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 22 profkonsultacia da kadrebis SerCeva - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24

Tavi II. pirovnebis SesaZleblobebis, profesiuli interesebisa da Taviseburebebis Seswavlis meTodika - - - 26 Tavi III. t e s t e b i - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 31
1. pirovnebis profesiuli interesebisa da motivaciis

Sesaswavli testebi - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 31
1.1. a. holandis testi - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 31 1.2. profesiuli interesebis sakvlevi kiTxvari (e. klimovis meTodika) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 60 1.3. kiTxvari pirovnebis profesiuli orientaciis Sesaswavlad - - - - 68 1.4. pirovnebis interesebis sakvlevi kiTxvari - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 72 1.5. m. rokiCis meTodika `pirovnul RirebulebaTa Sefaseba (orientacia)~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 78

2. adamianis pirovnuli Taviseburebebis Sesaswavli testebi

2.1. j. aizenkis meTodika - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 82 2.2. r. ketelis `pirovnebis sakvlevi 16-faqtoriani kiTxvari~ - - - - - 97 2.3. i. iusupovis meTodika `empaTiis sakvlevi kiTxvari~ - - - - - - - - -143 2.4. pirovnebis rigiduloba-fleqsiburobis sakvlevi testi - - - - - - 149 2.5. komunikaciis unaris Seswavlis meTodika - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 153 2.5.1. komunikaciis unaris Seswavlis r. ensmanis meTodika - - - - - -- 153 2.5.2. mosmenis unaris Sefasebis testi - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 155

3. pirovnebis inteleqtualuri da SemecnebiTi SesaZleblobebis Sesaswavli testebi - - - - - - - - - - - - -157 3.1. mexsierebis Sesaswavli meTodika (test-davalebebi mexsierebis Sesaswavlad) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -157
6

3.1.1. 3.1.2. 3.1.3. 3.1.4.

a. lurias testi: `10 sityvis daswavla~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - xanmokle mexsierebis Sefasebis testi - - - - - - - - - - - - - - xatobrivi mexsierebis testi - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - testi ,,mxedvelobiTi mexsiereba - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

157 160 161 162

3.2. yuradRebis Sesaswavli meTodikebi (test-davalebebi yuradRebis Sesaswavlad) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 165

3.2.1. 3.2.2. 3.2.3. 3.2.4. burdonis testi - - - - - - - - - - - - - - testi: `yuradRebis ganawileba~ - - - - testi `ricxvebis ganlageba - - - - - - yuradRebis ganawilebisa da gadarTvis - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 165 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 170 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 171 testi - - - - - - - - - 172

3.3. azrovnebis tipis gansazRvris meTodika - - - - - - - - 174 3.4. logikuri azrovnebis Sefasebis meTodika - - - - - - - 177
3.4.1. 3.4.2. 3.4.3. 3.4.4. 3.4.5. 3.4.6. testi: `me-5 zedmetia~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - testi: `martivi analogiebi~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - testi: `rTuli analogiebi~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - testi: `raodenobrivi mimarTeba~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - testi: `ricxvTa mwkrivis kanonzomierebebi~ - - - - - - - - - ravenis `logikuri azrovnebis sakvlevi testi~ - - - - - - 177 179 182 184 186 188

3.5. inteleqtis donis Seswavlis meTodika - - - - - - - - -

206 3.5.1. kaliforniis universitetis testi inteleqtis Sesamowmeblad 206

Tavi IV. profesiuli konsultireba da testireba - - - - - 208 gamoyenebuli literatura - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 212

w i n a s i t y v a o b a
`profesiis arCeva, upirveles yovlisa, Tqveni arCevania. profesiis arCevisas Tqven irCevT ara mxolod materialuri moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebisTvis saWiro saSualebas, aramed cxovrebis stilsac. profesiis daufiqreblad, anu mxolod garegani garemoebebis, an sxvaTa interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT gakeTebuli arCevani, eqsperimentia, romelic SesaZloa Zvirad dagijdeT Tqvenc da Tqvens garSemo myofTac... _ am sityvebiT SeiZleba saubris dawyeba proforientaciis arssa da mniSvnelobaze. bevr CvenTagans SesaZloa ar hqondes pasuxi kiTxvebze: `ra mniSvneloba aqvs profesiis sworad arCevas da karieris dagegmvas adamianis momavali cxovrebisaTvis?~ `ratom gvWirdeba daxmareba profesiis arCevisas?~ `vis SeiZleba mivmarToT daxmarebisTvis?~ `rogor unda moviqce, Tu aRmovaCine, rom ar mainteresebs is profesia, romlis dauflebasac wlebi Sevalie?~ `romeli profesiaa CemTvis ufro Sesaferisi?~ `ra meTodebi gamoiyeneba profesiuli orientaciis sferoSi?~ da a.S. dagveTanxmebiT, sakmaod seriozuli kiTxvebia da maTze pasuxis gasacemad aucilebelia Sesabamisi meToduri masalis arseboba. winamdebare krebuli aris qarTul enaze proforientaciasTan dakavSirebuli meToduri masalis pirveli gamocema. masSi warmodgenilia rogorc Teoriuli masala proforientaciis arsze, mniSvnelobaze, amocanebsa da muSaobis konkretul formebze, ise msoflioSi cnobili da praqtikaSi aprobirebuli konkretuli meTodikebi (testebi da kiTxvarebi), romlebic farTod gamoiyeneba proforientaciis, kerZod ki _ profdiagnostikis sferoSi. maTi gacnoba da gamoyenebis wesebis aTviseba profkonsultants daexmareba pirovnebis sworad Sefasebasa da profesiis arCevis sakiTxebze dasabuTebuli rekomendaciebis SeTavazebaSi. proforientaciis arsidan gamomdinare, meToduri safuZvlebi moicavs ara marto pirovnebis SesaZleblobebis, interesebisa da Taviseburebebis Seswavlis meTodikas, aramed profesiaTa aRwerebs da momuSavisadmi wayenebul moTxovnebs, Sromis bazris kvlevis meTodikas, konsultirebis teqnikas da a.S. amasTan, cxovrebis dinamikis gaTvaliswinebiT, aRniSnuli meTodikebi saWiroeben sistematur ganaxlebas, gafarToebasa da srulyofas. winamdebare krebuli proforientaciis meToduri safuZvlebis pirveli nawili da pirveli gamocemaa. momdevno nawilebis gamocemiT Seivseba meToduri baza da moxdeba misi Semdgomi srulyofa drois moTxovnaTa gaTvaliswinebiT. gansakuTrebuli madlerebis grZnobiT gvinda movixsenioT Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis fsiqologiis mimarTulebis profesori, batoni givi qiria da praqtikosi fsiqologi, qalbatoni nana mamulaSvili krebulze muSaobis procesSi gaweuli daxmarebisTvis. krebulze momuSaveni madlierebis grZnobiT miiReben yvela mosazrebas, saqmian SeniSvnasa da winadadebas krebulSi warmodgenil masalasTan dakavSirebiT.

Tavi I. profesiuli orientaciis arsi, mniSvneloba, formebi

sazogadoebrivi ganviTarebis Tanamedrove etapze ganuzomlad didia adamianuri resursebis ganviTarebisa da racionalurad gamoyenebis mniSvneloba. ekonomikis mzardi globalizacia, axali teqnologiebisa da profesiuli codnis aTvisebis saWiroeba did gavlenas axdens Sromis samyaroze. swrafad icvleba moTxovnebi samuSao Zalis SesaZleblobebisa da unar-Cvevebis mimarT. Sromis bazris mobilurobis zrda, adamianis SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebisa da gamoyenebis aucilebloba gazrdil moTxovnebs uyenebs rogorc profesiuli momzadebis, ise profesiuli orientaciisa da karieris dagegmvis sistemas. adamianebs sWirdebaT daxmareba profesiis arCevis, Secvlis, kompetenciebis aTvisebis, ganviTarebisa da profesiuli cxovrebis dagegmvis sakiTxebze. pirovnebis SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebisa da cvalebad SromiT garemosTan adaptirebis moTxovnebi daedo safuZvlad `codnaze dafuZnebuli sazogadoebisa~ da `mTeli sicocxlis manZilze swavlis~ koncefciebis Camoyalibebas. es asaxulia evrosabWos 2000 wlis martis lisabonis strategiaSi, aseve `mTeli sicocxlis manZilze swavlis Sesaxeb~ evrokomisiis 2001 wlis komunikesa da 2002 wels barselonaSi miRebul samuSao programaSi `ganaTleba da wvrTna 2010~. proforientaciisa da karieris dagegmvis saWiroeba da am mizniT saTanado institutebis ganviTareba saqarTvelos saganmanaTleblo sivrceSic aris dafiqsirebuli. kerZod, saqarTvelos kanoniT `profesiuli ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~, romelic 2007 wlis 28 marts iqna miRebuli, profesiuli ganaTlebis amocanaTa Soris dasaxelebulia: `saqarTveloSi erTiani profesiul-saganmanaTleblo sivrcis Seqmna mTeli sicocxlis ganmavlobaSi piris mier swavlis mravalsafexurianobisa da mravalferovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT (muxli 6, punqti `a~); profesiuli swavlebis centrebSi profesiuli orientaciis sistemis Seqmna da ganviTareba (muxli 6, punqti `l~).~ aRniSnul amocanaTa realizaciisaTvis udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs proforientaciuli muSaobis meTodologiuri da meToduri safuZvlebis SemuSavebasa da srulyofas. ufro metic, igi proforientaciuli muSaobis organizebis aucilebeli winapirobaa. profesiuli orientaciis meToduri safuZvlebis SemuSaveba emyareba proforientaciis arsis, mniSvnelobisa da formebis sworad gaazrebas. amitom, meToduri safuZvlebis ganxilvamde, aucilebelia aRniSnul sakiTxebze yuradRebis aqcentireba.

ra mniSvneloba aqvs profesiis sworad arCevas?

nebismieri adamianis cxovrebaSi dgeba momenti, roca profesiaTa gzajvaredinze konkretuli mimarTulebis asarCevad unda miiRos gadawyvetileba. am gadawyvetilebis sisworeze didad aris damokidebuli pirovnebis cxovrebiseuli gza, sakuTari saqmianobiT kmayofileba, warmatebebi SromiT saqmianobasa da karieraSi. cnobilia, rom samuSao mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs adamianis cxovrebaSi da did gavlenas axdens pirovnebis mdgomareobasa da ganwyobaze. warmatebebi profesiul saqmianobaSi, SromiTi motivacia da kmayofilebis done mniSvnelovanwilad damokidebulia profesiis gaazrebulad arCevaze. cnobilia, rom profesiis arCevas udidesi socialuri da ekonomikuri mniSvneloba aqvs. profesiis sworad arCevis did ekonomikur mniSvnelobaze miuTiTebs is faqti, rom, specialistebis gaangariSebiT, profesiisadmi interesis uqonlobisas, sxva Tanabar pirobebSi, momuSavis Sromis mwarmoebluroba mcirdeba 35%-iT, profesiuli unaris uqonlobisas _ 50%-iT, xolo unarisa da interesis gareSe muSaobisas _ 70%-iT. Tu amas davumatebT profesiisaTvis Seuferebeli kadrebis momzadeba-gadamzadebaze gaweul xarjebs, am mizeziT kadrebis denadobiT, wuniani produqciis gamoSvebiT, sawarmoo travmatizmis gazrdiT gamowveul zarals, _ miviRebT araswori proforientaciis arasasurvel ekonomikur Sedegs. socialuri efeqti ki gamoixateba iseTi maCveneblebiT, rogoricaa: momuSavis SromiTi kmayofilebis done, SromiTi da SemoqmedebiTi aqtiuroba, janmrTelobis SenarCuneba da a. S. adamians, romelsac mTeli cxovreba uwevs im saqmis keTeba, romelic ar ainteresebs, anda romlis Sesasruleblad saWiro unar-Cvevebi ar gaaCnia, uCndeba ukmayofilebisa da ganawyenebis grZnoba. amasTan, aseTi ganwyoba mas uyalibdeba ara marto garSemomyofebis, aramed mTeli sazogadoebisa da saxelmwifos mimarT, romelTac, misi azriT, ar misces mas TviTrealizaciis SesaZlebloba. profesiis arCeva, rogorc wesi, SromiTi saqmianobis dawyebamde unda moxdes. Sesabamisad, proforientaciuli muSaoba aRmzrdelobiTi da saswavlo dawesebulebebis movaleobaa. magram aranaklebi mniSvneloba aqvs organizaciaSi momuSaveTa ganawileba-gadanawilebisas maTi SesaZleblobebisa da interesebis gaTvaliswinebas. swored amitom personalis marTvis procesSi didi yuradReba eqceva momuSaveTa 10

SesaZleblobebisa da midrekilebebis Seswavlas samuSao adgilebze maTi ganawilebisa da karieris dagegmvisaTvis. profesiuli moRvaweoba pirovnebis TviTrealizaciisa da sazogadoebaSi damkvidrebis ZiriTadi saSualebaa. magram TviTrealizacia mxolod im SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli, roca adamians ainteresebs arCeuli profesia, gaaCnia mis Sesasruleblad saWiro unari da arsebuli samuSaos SesrulebiT iRebs kmayofilebas. samwuxarod, bevr adamians uwevs im samuSaos Sesruleba, romlisadmi arc interesi da arc midrekileba ar gaaCnia. aseTi SemTxvevebi fiqsirdeba yvelaze popularuli da `moduri~ profesiis warmomadgenlebs Sorisac. amitom TiToeul adamians profesiuli cxovrebis gzajvaredinze yovelTvis sWirdeba dafiqreba, raTa gamoricxos an minimumamde Seamciros Secdomebi. profesiis arCevasTan dakavSirebuli ramdenime, met-naklebad `tipiuri Secdoma~ Semdegia: e.w. `romantiuli~, an `inteligenturi~ profesiebi. roca adamiani profesiis arCevisas xelmZRvanelobs motiviT, rom es profesia `romantiuli~ anda `inteligenturia~, xSirad ar icis, rom am tipis profesiebSi sakuTari Tavis warmatebulad realizaciisTvis mas mouwevs rutinuli, `araromantiuli~ da `arainteligenturi~ samuSaoebis Sesrulebac. amis gamo SemdgomSi, muSaobis realur pirobebTan Sexebisas, mas SeiZleba imedgacrueba da zogjer sasowarkveTac daeuflos, radgan pirovnebisTvis sakmaod mtkivneuli da guldasawyvetia imis gacnobiereba, rom molodini da realoba erTmaneTs ar daemTxva. `moduri~ profesiebi. roca adamiani irCevs profesias mxolod imitom, rom igi prestiJuli da `moduria~, am dros didi riski arsebobs imisa, rom garkveuli drois Semdeg es profesia SeiZleba aRar iyos prestiJuli da `moduri~. aseT SemTxvevaSi pirovneba dgeba realobis winaSe da uinteresod eCveneba Tavisi samuSao. Sesabamisad, imedgacrueba da zogjer sasowarkveTac ki eufleba. profesiebi, romlebic ` did fuls gvpirdebian. amgvari profesiis warmomadgenlebi saqmianobis procesSi xvdebian, rom mocemuli profesia ara mxolod materialur keTildReobis uzrunvelyofas pirdeba, aramed misganac sakmaod bevrs moiTxovs, iqneba es Tavdadebuli Sroma, didi riski, pirad survilebsa da moTxovnilebebze uaris Tqma da a.S. aseT situaciebSic xSiria ukmayofilebisa da imedgacruebis SemTxvevebi.

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TviTgamorkveva gansakuTrebiT rTulia mozardebisaTvis, Tumca arc zrdasrulTaTvis aris advili saqme. gansakuTrebiT mZimea sakuTar arCevanSi Secdomis aRmoCena im adamianebisaTvis, romlebmac ukve wlebi daxarjes karieruli zrdisTvis da didi Zalisxmeva moandomes profesiul ganviTarebas. arada, TviTon cxovreba moiTxovs maTgan gegmebis koreqtirebas da xSirad es profesiuli arCevanis Secvlasac ukavSirdeba. profesiis arCeva an Secvla sakmaod rTuli procesia, rac imiTaa ganpirobebuli, rom arCevanze mravali faqtori axdens gavlenas. am faqtorebidan ZiriTadia: 1. ojaxis wevrebis pozicia (xSirad mSoblebi mTlianad iReben pasuxismgeblobas Svilis momavali profesiis SerCevaSi); 2. megobrebis pozicia; 3. pedagogebis (maswavleblebis) pozicia; 4. informirebis done (informacia ama Tu im profesiaze); 5. piradi profesiuli gegmebi; 6. realobis Sesabamisoba pirad gegmebTan (am profesiiT samuSaos Sovnis SesaZleblobebi); 7. pirovnuli SesaZleblobebi; 8. midrekilebebi (sayvareli, saintereso saqmianoba); da sxv. CamoTvlili faqtorebidan umetesoba pirovnebisgan damoukidebelia da maTze reagireba bevr sakiTxebSi garkvevas moiTxovs. profesiis arCevisas Tu Secvlisas kvalificiur daxmarebas adamianTa absoluturi umravlesoba saWiroebs. amaze miuTiTebs profesiis arCevanSi imedgacruebis mravali SemTxveva. adamianebs uWirT profesiis arCevasTan an karieris dagegmvasTan dakavSirebuli rTuli sakiTxebis damoukideblad gadawyveta, Tanamedrove, swrafad cvalebad garemosTan adaptireba. mozardebsa Tu zrdasrulebs sWirdebaT profesionalebis daxmareba, romlebic SeZleben maTi pirovnul-individualuri maxasiaTeblebis gamovlenas da profesiuli saqmianobis im sferos gansazRvraven, sadac isini sakuTari SesaZleblobebis realizacias yvelaze ukeT moaxdenen. yovelive zemoaRniSnulma ganapiroba `proforientaciis~, rogorc mecnierebis warmoSoba da ganviTareba.

ras niSnavs `profesiuli orientacia (proforientacia)~?

zogadad, profesiuli orientacia (proforientacia) pirovnebis mier profesiis sworad arCevaSi daxmarebas gulisxmobs. igi uaRresad rTuli da mravalmxrivi problemaa da Sesabamisad, sxvadasxva mecnierebebis (fsiqologia, pedagogika, ekonomika, sociologia da a.S.) miRwevebis gamoyenebas moiTxovs.

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proforientaciis mizania daexmaros adamians sworad gaerkves profesiaTa samyaroSi, misi individulauri Taviseburebebisa da SesaZleblobebis, aseve dasaqmebis perspeqtivebis gaTvaliswinebiT. proforientaciis amocanebia: daexmaros adamians sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa da midrekilebebis gamovlenasa da gaazrebaSi; gaacnos pirovnebas profesiaTa samyaro, calkeuli profesiis Taviseburebebi da is moTxovnebi, romelsac igi uyenebs momuSaves, agreTve am profesiiT dasaqmebis SesaZleblobebi; dasabuTebuli rekomendaciis saSualebiT daexmaros pirovnebas konkretuli profesiis sworad arCevaSi; moaxdinos momuSaveTa SerCeva calkeuli, gansakuTrebiT rTuli da sapasuxismgeblo profesiebis moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad. aRniSnuli amocanebidan gamomdinare, proforientaciuli muSaobis ZiriTad formebs warmoadgens: 1. profesiuli informireba _ moicavs adamianisTvis sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa da midrekilebebis gamovlenasa da maT gacnobierebaSi daxmarebas, aseve pirovnebisaTvis profesiaTa samyaros gacnobas, Sromis bazarze arsebuli mdgomareobisa da tendenciebis Sesaxeb informirebas. 2. profesiuli konsultacia _ gulisxmobs kvalificiur konsultirebas profesiis arCevis sakiTxebze. profkonsultaciis Sedegad xdeba pirovnebisaTvis Sesaferisi profesiebis wris gansazRvra misi unar-SesaZleblobebisa da individualuri Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. 3. profesiuli SerCeva (profSerCeva) _ moicavs calkeuli profesiis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad momuSaveTa SerCevis RonisZiebebs. profSerCevis Sedegad xdeba konkretuli vakansiisaTvis yvelaze ufro Sesaferisi kandidaturis SerCeva Sesasrulebeli samuSaos specifikuri moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT. profesiis arCevisaTvis konsultacia da SerCeva proforientaciuli muSaobis ZiriTadi nawilebia, romelic, Tavis mxriv, eyrdnoba profesiuli saqmianobis aRwera-analizs anu profesiografias. amitom profesiografia proforientaciuli muSaobis safuZvladaa aRiarebuli. profesiis arCeva xangrZlivi procesi da erTmaneTTan dakavSirebul nabijTa jaWvia. igi pirovnebis cxovrebis perspeqtiuli dagegmvis mniSvnelovani komponentia da Semdeg garemoebaTa gaTvaliswinebas moiTxovs:

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adamianis piradi gegmebi, romlebic dakavSirebulia mis profesiul saqmianobasTan da karierasTan (profesiis arCeviT pirovneba qmnis momavali cxovrebis umniSvnelovanes safuZvels); midrekilebebi _ pirovnebis survili, interesi da midrekileba gansazRvruli saxis saqmianobebisadmi; SesaZleblobebi _ pirovnebis cnobili Tu faruli unarebi da SesaZleblobebi; profesiaze moTxovna _ ama Tu im profesiisadmi sazogadoebis moTxovna da am profesiiT momuSaveebze moTxovnis cvlilebis prognozireba. aRniSnuli garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebis gareSe profesiis arCevis sakiTxebze swori gadawyvetilebis miReba SeuZlebelia. profesiis arCevisas adamianebi cdiloben damoukideblad gaerkvnen sakuTar moTxovnilebebSi, interesebSi, unarebSi, Rirebulebebsa da SesaZleblobebSi. magram amisTvis maT sWirdebaT Sesabamisi informacia, orientireba da konsultireba, anu imis dadgena, Tu romel profesias Seesabamebian isini sakuTari SesaZleblobebiTa da unar-CvevebiT da ramdenad SeZleben saqmianobis mocemul sferoSi TviTrealizacias. rogorc wesi, profesiis arCevisas pirovnebas ebadeba kiTxvebi: minda? SemiZlia? saWiroa? am kiTxvebze swori pasuxis gacema sakmaod rTulia da, pirvel rigSi, Sesabamisi informaciis arsebobas moiTxovs. kerZod: - minda es profesia? am kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad aucilebelia pirovnebis midrekilebebisa da interesebis gansazRvra. rogorc cnobilia, adamianebi Tavisi interesebiTa da midrekilebebiT mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdebian. magaliTad, zogs adamianebTan urTierTobis, zogs _ teqnikasTan, zogs ki cxovelebTan muSaobis midrekileba da interesi aqvs. amasTan ama Tu im profesiisadmi interesis formirebas, rogorc wesi, am profesiis Sesaxeb garkveuli informaciis floba uswrebs win. - SemiZlia? nebismieri profesiuli saqmianoba garkveul unarsa da SesaZleblobebs moiTxovs. rig SemTxvevebSi, es SesaZleblobebi metad specifiuria. SesaZleblobebis nawili adamianebs dabadebisTanave dahyveba (Tandayolili, genetikuri SesaZleblobebi). magaliTad, Tandayolilia musikaluri smena, mxatvrobis niWi, gansakuTrebuli maTematikuri unari da a. S. unarebis didi nawili ki swavliTa da varjiSiT viTardeba. mondomebisa da Sromis SemTxvevaSi TiTqmis yvela adamians SeuZlia

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ganiviTaros samuSaoTa farTo speqtris Sesrulebis unari. magram erTni amas ufro naklebi ZalisxmeviT axerxeben, sxvebs ki meti Zalisxmeva sWirdebaT. garda amisa, aris profesiebi, romelTa Sesruleba gansakuTrebul SesaZleblobebs moiTxovs. swored amitomaa mniSvnelovani dasabuTebuli pasuxis miReba kiTxvaze: `SemiZlia? warmatebisaTvis adamians unda gaaCndes SesaZleblobebi aiTvisos, gaiTavisos da srulyofilad Seasrulos gansazRvruli profesiuli saqmianoba. - saWiroa es profesia? am kiTxvaze pasuxi moiTxovs informacias, _ aris Tu ara socialuri SekveTa, anu sazogadoebrivi moTxovna mocemul profesiaze; rogoria am moTxovnis cvlilebis perspeqtiva. ama Tu im profesiiT dasaqmebis perspeqtivis gaTvaliswinebis gareSe arCevani mcdari iqneba, vinaidan specialobiT muSaobis gareSe pirovneba ver SeZlebs profesiuli saqmianobiT TviTrealizacias, Tundac es profesia mis unarebsa da interesebs Seesabamebodes. Tu adamiani sakuTar Tavs usvams profesiis arCevasTan an SecvlasTan dakavSirebul kiTxvas, e.i. es sakiTxi aqtualuria misTvis da moiTxovs gadawyvetas. dasabuTebuli gadawyvetilebis misaRebad ki saWiroa obieqturi informacia da Sefaseba. am procesSi yvelaze optimaluria Sesabamisi kvalifikaciis specialistis _ profkonsultantis daxmareba.

vin aris profkonsultanti da ra daxmarebis gaweva SeuZlia mas profesiis arCevis procesSi?
rogorc aRvniSneT, proforientacia profesiuli TviTgamorkvevis saSualebas warmoadgens. TviTgamorkveva xSir SemTxvevaSi am saqmis mcodne adamianebisagan kompetentur daxmarebas saWiroebs. maT profkonsultantebs uwodeben. profkonsultanti pirovnebas, misi SesaZleblobebis, moTxovnilebebis, Sromis bazarze arsebuli socialur-ekonomikuri situaciis gaTvaliswinebiT, profesiis arCevisas optimaluri gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi exmareba. es aris specialisti, romelic flobs aucilebel codnas fsiqo-fiziologiur, socialur da ekonomikur sakiTxebSi, aseve adamianebTan urTierTobis xelovnebas da konsultaciis teqnikas. ra evaleba profkonsultants? profkonsultanti, pirvel rigSi, pirovnebis TviTgamorkvevas emsaxureba. - ra saWiroa TviTgamorkveva?

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rogorc aRvniSneT, adamianebi erTmaneTisagan individualuri maxasiaTeblebiT _ unariT, SesaZleblobebiTa da interesebiT gasxvavdebian. Sesabamisad, gansxvavebulia SromiTi sferoebi, sadac maT warmatebiT SeuZliaT saqmianoba an, piriqiT, ver SeZleben dakisrebuli funqciebis Sesrulebas. amitom sakmaod mniSvnelovania adamiani mozardobis asakidanve gaerkves sakuTar profesiul interesebSi, midrekilebebSi, SesaZleblobebSi, raTa momavalSi Sromis bazarze mobiluri da konkurentunariani iyos. igive amocanis winaSe SeiZleba aRmoCndes zrdasruli asakis adamianic, romelic obieqturi Tu subieqturi garemoebebis gamo iZulebulia Seicvalos profesia. profkonsultanti mozardsa Tu samuSaos maZiebels uadvilebs amocanas _ gaerkves sakuTar interesebsa da SesaZleblobebSi, miiRos struqturirebuli, Camoyalibebuli informacia profesiebis, maTi Taviseburebebis, dauflebis gzebis, profesiaze moTxovnisa da a. S. Sesaxeb. aseTi informaciis mopoveba, analizi da Sefaseba mxolod saTanado kvalifikaciis profkonsultans SeuZlia. konsultaciiT pirovnebas SesaZlebloba eZleva miiRos pasuxebi misTvis saWiro, gacnobierebul Tu gaucnobierebul kiTxvebze, ganmarteba ama Tu im informaciaze, mis saimedobaze da a.S. profkonsultants SeuZlia pirovnebisaTvis xelmisawvdomi gaxados SedarebiT Znelad mosapovebeli da rTulad gasagebi masalac. profkonsultanti exmareba mozardsa Tu samuSaos maZiebels profesiaTa samyaros SecnobaSi, momuSavisadmi wayenebuli moTxovnebis garkvevaSi. magram profesiis arCevisaTvis mxolod profesiaTa samyaros codna ar aris sakmarisi. aucilebelia sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa da individualuri Taviseburebebis gacnobiereba, ramdenadac profesiuli saqmianobisaTvis maT xSirad gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvT. individualur Taviseburebebsa da profesiis maxasiaTeblebs Soris Sesabamisobis gansazRvrisaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes Semdegi faqtorebi: 1. profesia unda iyos pirovnebisTvis saintereso. magaliTad, Tu adamians moswons cxovelebTan urTierToba an mcenareebis movla, maSin man unda airCios im sferos profesia, sadac urTierToba eqneba bunebasTan; Tu ainteresebs teqnika misTvis mizanSewonilia inJinerkonstruqtoris an fizikosis profesia da a.S. Tumca isic gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom SesaZloa adamians ainteresebdes ama Tu im saxis profesia, magram warmateba am sferoSi sakmaod didi fsiqologiuri Tu fizikuri datvirTvis fasad daujdes. amasTan, unda gvaxsovdes, rom arc interesebia ucvleli. garda amisa, adamians adaptaciis, Seguebis sakmaod kargi unari gaaCnia da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi profkonsultantebi urCeven RonisZiebaTa kompleqss, romlebic daexmareba adamians profesiulad saWiro Tvisebebis (yuradRebis, SemoqmedebiTi da organizaciuli unarebis, Tavdajerebulobis da a.S) Camoyalibebasa da srulyofaSi _ iqneba es TviTganviTareba, sxvadasxva saxis treningi Tu sxva ram. 16

2. nebismieri profesia moiTxovs, rom am profesiiT momuSaves gaaCndes garkveuli SesaZleblobebi (unarebi). magaliTad, mxatvrisTvis aucilebelia xatobrivi azrovnebis unari, iuvelirisaTvis _ mxatvruli gemovneba da kargi mxedveloba, mtvirTavisaTvis _ didi fizikuri amtanoba da a.S. profesiuli saqmianoba unda emTxveodes aseve pirovnebis damaxasiaTebel fsiqologiur tips (magaliTad, Tu adamiani komunikabeluria, mas ufro metad Seesabameba e.w. `socialuri profesiebi~). amitom gansazRvruli profesiis arCevisas Zalian mniSvnelovania gairkves, ramdenad aqvs pirovnebas mocemuli profesiisaTvis saWiro fsiqo-fiziologiuri SesaZleblobebi. unda gvaxsovdes, rom profesiis arCevis dros sakuTari SesaZleblobebis gauTvaliswineblobis SemTxvevaSi mocemuli profesiiT saqmianobisas warmatebis miRwevis Sansi Zalian mcirea. profesiuli saqmianoba siamovnebas da dadebiT emociebs unda aniWebdes adamians da xels unda uwyobdes pirovnebis SesaZleblobebis maqsimalur realizebas. roca adamiani profesias irCevs mxolod prestiJulobis mixedviT, is uSvebs Secdomas. prestiJulobis gaTvaliswineba mxolod mas Semdeg aris sasurveli, roca individi sakuTar interesebsa da SesaZleblobebis gaTvaliswinebas moaxdens. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi adamians eqneba `moduri~ samuSao, romelic ver moutans siamovnebas. ufro metic, SesaZloa man ver SeZlos ZiriTadi samuSao funqciebis Sesruleba da samuSao adgilis SenarCuneba. amitom profkonsultantis amocanaa ipovos `kompromisi~ klientis profesiul interesebsa da mis SesaZleblobebs Soris. profkonsultantis amocanaa aseve daexmaros adamians, raTa igi gaerkves profesiaTa mravalsaxeobaSi da orientirebisas gaiTvaliswinos ara marto sakuTari individualuri Taviseburebebi, aramed dasaqmebis perspeqtivebi. profesiis arCevisas Secdomebis daSveba met-naklebad rom gamovricxoT, saWiroa profesiaTa farTo samyaros gacnoba. profesiebis Sesaxeb informaciis moZieba, gacnoba da gacnobierebaSi daxmareba aseve profkonsultantis movaleobaa. aranaklebi mniSvneloba aqvs aseve mocemuli profesiiT dasaqmebis perspeqtivebis codnas. amasTan, unda gvaxsovdes, rom mza gadawyvetilebebi ar arsebobs! ekonomikuri, socialuri, socialur-fsiqologiuri kvlevebis masalebze dayrdnobiTa da obieqturi informaciis miwodebis gziT profkonsultanti cdilobs adamians Seuqmnas sruli, mravalmxrivi warmodgena misTvis saintereso da Sesaferisi profesiis Sesaxeb. amiT profkonsultanti adamianebs individualuri da optimaluri gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi exmareba, saboloo arCevans ki TviT pirovneba akeTebs!

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profesiis arCeva gadawyvetilebis miRebas gulisxmobs, romelsac win garkveuli momzadeba unda uswrebdes. profkonsultantis daniSnulebas mozardisa Tu samuSaos maZieblisTvis am amocanis gaadvileba da optimaluri arCevanis gakeTebaSi daxmareba warmoadgens. proforientaciis zogadi mizania momavalSi warmatebuli saqmianobis misaRwevad adamianis TviTgamorkveva da informireba. Sesabamisad, profkonsultacia saWiroa, roca pirovneba: irCevs profesias; icvlis profesias da sWirdeba profesiuli gadamzadeba; gegmavs karieras da surs TviTgamorkveva; eZebs samuSaos; saWiroa Sesabamisi profesiuli kadris SerCeva.

profkonsultacia profesiis arCevisas

proforientaciis arsidan gamomdinare, profkonsultaciis saWiroeba gansakuTrebiT didia maSin, roca pirovneba, iqneba es mozardi Tu zrdasruli adamiani, pirvelad irCevs profesias. am etapze aucilebelia pirovnebis Taviseburebebis, interesebisa da SesaZleblobebis kompleqsuri kvleva da Sefaseba, aseve profesiaTa farTo wris gacnoba, profesiebis Sinaarsisa da moTxovnebis, muSaobis pirobebisa da perspeqtivebis kargad gaazreba da gaTvaliswineba; mniSvnelovania aseve profesiis dauflebis gzebisa da saSualebebis Sesaxeb informaciis floba da gaanalizeba. yvelafer amaSi pirovnebas, romelic irCevs profesias, daxmareba unda gauwios profkonsultantma. Sesabamisad, profkonsultacia unda emyarebodes klientTan konsultantis SedarebiT xangrZliv urTierTobas da proforientaciuli muSaobis sxvadasxva meTodebis farTod gamoyenebas, raTa profesiis arCevis Taobaze micemuli rekomendacia iyos dasabuTebuli da pirovnebam SeZlos swori arCevanis gakeTeba. Sromis bazarze mimdinare cvlilebebis Sedegad, SesaZloa adamians dasWirdes profesiis gamocvla da axali profesiis arCeva (zogjer ramodenimejer). amitom proforientacia da, kerZod, profkonsultacia aqtualuria ara marto mozardebisaTvis, aramed zrdasrulTaTvisac SromiTi saqmianobis mTeli periodis manZilze.

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profkonsultacia profesiuli momzadebagadamzadebisas

sawyis etapze profesiis sworad arCevis SemTxvevaSic, profesiuli momzadebis konkretuli mimarTulebis (specialobis) gansazRvrisaTvis axalgazrdebs SeiZleba dasWirdeT profkonsultantis daxmareba rogorc sakuTari SesaZleblobebis, ise profesiuli moTxovnebis Taviseburebebis gasaazreblad. am etapze zogjer saWiroa profesiuli SerCevis RonisZiebaTa ganxorcielebac, rac aseve profkonsultantis kompetencias warmoadgens. cnobilia, rom Sromis bazari dinamiurad viTardeba da gare da Sida faqtorebis zemoqmedebaze aqtiurad reagirebs. Sromis bazarze situaciis mudmivi da swrafi cvlileba ganapirobebs cvlilebebs profesiul saqmianobaSic. aseT viTarebaSi adamiani ar unda CamorCes drois moTxovnebs da sakuTari konkurentunarianobis SesanarCuneblad kvalificiur zrdaze unda izrunos da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi profesiis Sesacvleladac unda iyos mzad. rogorc wesi, organizaciebi zrunaven kadrebis sworad SerCevaze, saWiro kvalifikaciisa da pirovnuli maxasiaTeblebis mqone momuSaveebis mozidvaze. magram cvlileba, zrda da ganviTareba organizaciuli cxovrebis aucilebeli moTxovnebia. Sesabamisad, nebismieri organizaciis warmateba damokidebulia imaze, Tu ramdenad kargad da swrafadASeZlebs igi am cvlilebebisadmi adaptirebas. amitom, raoden kvalificirebuli personalic ar unda hyavdes organizacias daqiravebuli, raoden zusti da optimaluric ar unda iyos SerCeva, cvlilebebi teqnologiebSi, ekonomikaSi, socialur Tu politikur garemoSi, organizaciisgan moiTxovs personalis sistematur treningsa da organizaciul ganviTarebas. treningisa da ganviTarebis programis mizania miaRwios TanamSromelTa codnisa da kvalifikaciis mudmiv zrdasa da konkretuli samuSao Cvevebis gamomuSavebas. treningis umTavresi mizania organizaciis miznebisa da interesebis Sesabamisad personalis ganviTareba, axal pirobebTan adaptirebisaTvis saukeTeso pirobebis Seqmna. rogorc cnobilia, profesiaTa samyaro Zalian mravalferovani da cvalebadia. zogierTi profesiis sicocxlisunarianoba mxolod 5-15 welia, Semdeg an qreba, an icvleba (saxes icvlis); Cndeba axali profesiebi... adamianTa umetesobac ar aris mdgradi erTi romelime profesiisadmi. cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi SeiZleba aRmocendes profesiis Secvlis an kvalifikaciis amaRlebis survili an/da saWiroeba. adre Tu gvian nebismierma adamianma SeiZleba Seicvalos samuSao. gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom sabazro ekonomikis pirobebSi samuSaoze miReba warmoebs sakmaod maRalkonkurentul garemoSi da SeZenili codna-unarebi xSirad aRar aris sakmarisi samuSaos maZieblisTvis mTeli profesiuli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi. Sromis samyaros swrafi cvlileba, profesiaTa Sinaarsis transformacia, axali profesiebis gaCena, Sromis bazris mobilurobis 19

gazrda adamianisgan axal qceviT modelebs moiTxovs. Tanamedrove Sromis bazarze damkvidrebisaTvis aucilebelia potenciur Tu moqmed momuSaves gaaCndes Sesabamisi profesiuli kvalifikacia da cvlilebebisadmi adaptaciis unari. es ki profesiuli kvalifikaciis amaRlebas an gadamzadebas ukavSirdeba. samuSaos Zieba, karieris dagegva Tu adamianis SromiTi saqmianoba dakavSirebulia mudmiv TviTkontrolTan da TviTganviTarebasTan. amisaTvis ki saWiroa sakuTari unarisa da midrekilebebis kargad codna, profesiuli saqmianobisadmi wayenebuli moTxovnebis gaTvaliswineba, rac proforientaciis erT-erTi amocanaa.

profkonsultacia da karieris dagegmva

cxovrebaSi warmatebis misaRwevad adamians daaxloebiT 25-30 weli aqvs. igi drodadro axdens sakuTari saqmianobis Sefasebas da cdilobs pasuxi miiRos kiTxvebze: `ras miaRwia cxovrebaSi?~ `gaakeTa ki yvelaferi imisTvis, rom Tavisi momavali da Rirseuli sibere uzrunveleyo?~ `ra Secdomebi dauSva karieris gzaze da rogor SeiZleboda maTi Tavidan acileba?~ _ es kiTxvebi ZiriTadad profesiul saqmianobas ukavSirdeba daDmaTze pasuxi umeteswilad imazea damokidebuli, Tu wlebis win ramdenad sworad airCia profesia, ramdenad sworad dagegma kariera da ramdenad SeZlo Tavisi SesaZleblobebis realizacia. profkonsultanti exmareba adamians karieris dagegvmasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis garkvevaSi, iqneba es informacia arsebuli obieqturi garemoebebis Sesaxeb, Tu sakuTar unar-SesaZleblobebSi garkveva-TviTgamorkveva. nebismieri adamiani gegmavs Tavis momavals sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa da socialur-ekonomikuri, aseve politikuri pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT. araferia gasakviri imaSi, rom adamians surs icodes samsaxurSi karieruli zrdis perspeqtivebisa da mocemul organizaciaSi kvalifikaciis amaRlebis SesaZleblobis Sesaxeb. sxva SemTxvevaSi, rogorc wesi, saqmianobis motivacia (SromiTi motivacia) sustdeba da adamiani aRar cdilobs mTeli ZaliTa da mondomebiT Sromas, is ar miiswrafvis kvalifikaciis amaRlebisaken da organizacia xdeba misTvis `mosacdeli adgili~, sadac SeiZleba daelodos sxva, axal da ufro perspeqtiul samuSaos. arada, nebismieri organizaciisTvis mTavar simdidres misi personali warmoadgens da momuSaveTa SromiT motivaciaze didad aris damokidebuli organizaciis keTildReoba. profesiis arCevisas pirovneba isaxavs mizans, romelic karieris ganviTarebasTanaa dakavSirebuli. kariera umniSvnelovanesi motivia warmatebis misaRwevad. is AubiZgebs adamians ganviTarebisaken, TviTkontrolisa da TviTgamovlenisaken. Tumca warmatebuli kariera

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damokidebulia ara mxolod motivaciaze, aramed SesaZleblobebzec. amitom karieris warmatebuli marTvis mizniT aucilebelia adeqvaturad, sworad moxdes pirovnebis Sefaseba da profesiuli zrdis SesaZleblobebis gansazRvra. karieris marTvisaTvis pirovnebas unda axsovdes, rom: karieris dagegmva indivudualuri procesia da warmateba mniSvnelovanwilad maszea damokidebuli. amitom ar unda elodos mxolod SemoTavazebebs, unda gamoiCinos iniciativa da Tavad SesTavazos igi; SromiTi saqmianoba Sromis bazris cvlilebebis Sesabamisad unda warmarTos. pirovneba mudmivad da uwyvetad unda akontrolebdes sakuTar profesiul karieras da fexdafex mihyves bazris moTxovnebs, raTa SeinarCunos konkurentunarianoba; unda SeimuSaos moqmedebis gegma karieruli winsvlisaTvis; swrafi reagireba unda moaxdinos axali, perspeqtiuli SesaZleblobebis gamoCenisas. yvela ocnebobs warmatebul karieraze, magram miznis misaRwevad, sakuTari warmatebis asagebad ar arsebobs raime gansakuTrebuli wesi. arsebobs zogadi rekomendaciebi, romelTa gaTvaliswinebac dagexmarebaT karieris sworad dagegmvaSi. es rekomendaciebi Semdegia: sistematurad izruneT Tqveni codnis gafarToebasa da winsvlisaTvis saWiro unarCvevebis SeZenaze; dagegmeT profesiuli zrdisa da Tanamdebobrivi winsvlisaTvis saWiro RonisZiebebi da daelodeT Sesafer dros da situacias; gaxsovdeT, rom yvelaferi ganicdis cxovrebaSi cvlilebas _ Tqven, Tqveni codna, unar-Cvevebi, Sromis bazari, organizacia, garemo (iqneba es ekonomikuri, politikuri Tu socialuri). amitomac, SeafaseT es cvlilebebi da Tvali adevneT Sromis bazris moTxovnebs! rogorc wesi, momuSaves karieruli zrdisTvis sakmaod didi Zalisxmevisa da drois daxarjva uwevs. man TviTon unda izrunos sakuTar karieraze. karieris dagegmvisas pirovneba axdens TviTSefasebas, anu sakuTari SesaZleblobebis, interesebis, faseulobebis, unar-Cvevebis, Zlieri da susti mxareebis Sefasebas, imis gaazrebas, Tu ra unda icodes, ra Tvisebebi ar gaaCnia an ara aqvs saTanadod ganviTarebuli, rogor SeuZlia maTi srulyofa da a.S. karieris dagegmva profesiuli ganviTarebis komponentia da moicavs:

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pirovnebis unar-SesaZleblobebisa da interesebis Sefasebas; karieruli miznebis dasaxvas; ganviTarebis Sesaferisi aqtivobebis dagegmvas. da profkonsultacia karieris marTvis

amitom proforientacia umniSvnelovanesi berketebia.

profkonsultacia dasaqmebis xelSewyobisaTvis

proforientacia umuSevarTa dasaqmebis xelSewyobis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani gza da saSualebaa. amiTaa ganpirobebuli is faqti, rom dasaqmebis centrebsa Tu saagentoebSi proforientacia maTi saqmianobis erT-erTi ZiriTadi mimarTulebaa. saqme imaSia, rom Sromis bazarze mimdinare cvlilebebis Sedegad icvleba moTxovna konkretuli profesiisa da kvalifikaciis momuSaveebze, rac bevri adamianis umuSevrobis mizezi xdeba. amitom dasaqmebis xelSewyobis realuri saSualebaa umuSevarTa profesiuli gadamzadeba da axali unar-Cvevebis swavleba. axali profesiis arCevisa da efeqtiani swavlebisaTvis ki proforientaciis saWiroeba isev dRis wesrigSi dgeba. dasaqmebis samsaxurebSi xdeba umuSevrebisaTvis informaciis miwodeba dasaqmebis SesaZleblobebis, profesiuli momzadeba-gadamzadebis gzebisa da saSualebebis Sesaxeb. saTanado profesiuli konsultaciis Semdeg umuSevars eqmneba winapiroba profesiisa da saqmianobis sferos, profesiuli momzadeba-gadamzadebis gzebis racionalurad (gacnobierebulad, gonivrulad) arCevisaTvis. amisaTvis, rogorc wesi, dasaqmebis centrs gaaCnia monacemTa informaciuli baza (banki) profesiebisa da maTze moTxovnis Sesaxeb. kerZod, monacemTa informaciul bankSi Sedis Semdegi saxis informacia: Sromis bazarze arsebuli da perspeqtiuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb; kvalifikaciur kadrebze ZiriTadi moTxovnebis Sesaxeb; moTxovnadi profesiebis aRwera, informacia momuSavisadmi wayenebuli moTxovnebis, Sromis pirobebis da a.S. Sesaxeb. samuSaos maZiebelTa profinformireba xorcieldeba gasaubrebiTa da specialuri publikaciebis saSualebiT, piradi maxasiaTeblebisa da SesaZleblobebis Sefaseba ki _ sxvadasxva testebisa da kiTxvarebis gamoyenebiT. am SemTxvevaSi profkonsultantis mizania daxmareba gauwios samuSaos maZiebels samuSao adgilis SerCevaSi, profesiis Secvlisas gadamzadebis profilis sworad SerCevaSi _ misi interesebis, SesaZleblobebis, janmrTelobis mdgomareobisa da Sromis bazarze arsebuli situaciis gaTvaliswinebiT.

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samuSaos maZiebelTan urTierTobisas profkonsultantis ZiriTad amocanas warmoadgens: profesiisa da samuSao adgilis arCevis arealis gansazRvra; saWiroebisas profesiuli TviTgamorkveva (iqneba es profesiis arCeva Tu Secvla); gadamzadebis profilis arCeva (kiTxvebi karierasTan da profesiul zrdasTan dakavSirebiT); momzadeba-gadamzadebis gzebisa da saSualebebis SerCeva. dResdReobiT samuSaos Zebnis procesi sakmaod garTulebulia da gawelilia droSi, rac gamowveulia maRalkonkurentuli garemos arsebobiT. Sedegad umuSevar adamians ewyeba Sidapirovnuli konfliqti, warmoiSoba ra winaaRmdegoba misi qcevis motivebs, ganwyobebs, faseulobebsa da realizaciis SesaZleblobebs Soris. Sidapirovnuli konfliqtis ganviTareba daaxloebiT Semdegi sqemis mixedviT xdeba: umuSevrobiT ganpirobebuli rTuli cxovrebiseuli viTareba uaryofiTad zemoqmedebs adamianze da fsiqologiur tramvas ayenebs mas; imis gancda, rom sakuTari ZalebiT sirTules Tavs ver arTmevs, ganapirobebs Sinagan SfoTvasa da emociurad daZabul mdgomareobas; sakuTari TaviT ukmayofilebis gancdas adamiani mihyavs aramdgrad, meryev TviTSefasebamde da cxovrebis perspeqtivis pesimistur xedvamde; arsebuli cxovrebiseuli mdgomareobis gamo izrdeba pirovnebis mgrZnobeloba, rac vlindeba gare faqtorebze gazrdil emociur reagirebaSi. amitom umuSevarTaTvis mniSvnelovania fsiqologiuri mxardaWera. misi mizania: adamians mouxsnas SfoTvis gazrdili done da emociurfsiqologiuri diskomforti, raTa man socialuri garemo pirobebisadmi adaptacia da cxovrebiseuli situaciis gadafaseba SeZlos. aRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, dasaqmebis samsaxurebSi (centrebi, saagentoebi, ganyofilebebi) profkonsultantebis muSaobis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi zrdasrul moqalaqeebTan mimarTebaSi Semdegia: a) profesiuli informireba. momuSaveTa informireba Sromis bazris mdgomareobisa da ganviTarebis perspeqtivebis Sesaxeb; profesiisa da specialobebis Taviseburebebis, konkretul dawesebulebaSi Sromis pirobebis Sesaxeb; ama Tu im profesiis dauflebis Semdgom samuSaoze mowyobis SesaZleblobis Sesaxeb; informaciuli konsultacia profesiuli saswavlo dawesebulebebis Sesaxeb, romlebic umuSevar moqalaqeebs sTavazoben profesiul swavlebas (gadamzadebas).

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b) konsultacia profesiis arCevasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze. profesiuli saqmianobis sferos gasazRvra; profesiuli momzadebisa da swavlebis SesaZleblobebis garkvevaganxilva. g) fsiqologiuri mxardaWeris mizniT individualuri an jgufuri konsultacia. daxmareba problebis fsiqologiurad gadalaxvaSi, romelic gamowveulia samuSaos dakargvis molodiniT an umuSevrobiT; stresis moxsna; adaptirebaSi daxmareba; TviTSefasebis amaRleba; samuSaos Ziebis motivaciis gazrda; SromiTi aqtiurobis amaRleba.

profkonsultacia da kadrebis SerCeva

profesiuli saqmianobis warmatebiT ganxorcieleba momuSavisgan moiTxovs ara marto Sesabamis profesiul codnasa da unar-Cvevebs, aramed garkveul (zogjer gansakuTrebul) moTxovnebs uyenebs mis fsiqo-fiziologiur SesaZleblobebsa da pirovnul masasiaTeblebs. amitom profesiuli SerCeva personalis marTvis umniSvnelovanesi etapia. samuSaoTa aRwerilobebisa da misgan gamomdinare moTxovnebis safuZvelze ganisazRvreba kriteriumebi, romelTa mixedviTac unda ganxorcieldes kadrebis SerCeva. SerCevisaTvis meTodebis gansazRvra da Sedegebis Sefaseba proforientaciuli muSaobis erT-erTi mimarTuleba da Sesabamisad, profkonsultantis kompetenciaa.

amrigad, proforientaciuli Sedegad:

muSaobisa

da

kerZod,

profkonsultaciis

farTovdeba pirovnebis informirebuloba profesiaTa Sinaarsiisa da moTxovnebis Sesaxeb; pirovneba axdens sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa da midrekilebebis gamorkvevas, TviTSefasebasa da TviTorientacias; sakuTari profesiuli orientaciis Sefasebas Sromis bazarze arsebuli situaciisa da mosalodneli tendenciebis gaTvaliswinebiT; 24

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, sakuTari profesiuli ganzraxvebis koreqtirebas an Secvlas.

gegmebisa

da

aucilebelia imis gacnobiereba, rom profesiis arCeva pirovnebis prerogativaa! specialistprofkonsultanti mxolod exmareba mas Sesabamisi informaciisa da rCevebis miwodebis gziT swori gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi!

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Tavi

II.

pirovnebis SesaZleblobebis, profesiuli interesebisa da Taviseburebebis Seswavlis meTodika

proforientacia sakmaod rTuli da mravalmxrivi procesia. profesiis sworad arCevisaTvis aucilebelia pirovneba flobdes informacias ara marto profesiaTa samyarosa da Sromis bazarze mimdinare da mosalodneli tendenciebis Sesaxeb, aramed informacias sakuTari pirovnebis Taviseburebebis, interesebisa da midrekilebebis, potenciuri SesaZleblobebisa da faqtobrivi unarebis Sesaxeb. swored amitom proforientacia mWidro kavSirSia profdiagnostikasTan, romelic sxvadasxva meTodebisa da instrumentebis gamoyenebiT SesaZlebels xdis ganisazRvros ama Tu im profesiuli saqmianobisaTvis aucilebeli fsiqofiziologiuri (magaliTad, reaqciis siswrafe) da SemecnebiTi unarebi (yuradReba, mexsiereba, azrovneba, aRqma, warmosaxva), aseve pirovnuli Taviseburebebi da motivacia. aRniSnuli unarebis Sesaswavlad da Sesafaseblad profdiagnostika iyenebs sxvadasxva instrumentariums (kiTxvarebi, testebi, davalebebi). proforientaciis amocanebisaTvis farTod gamoiyeneba fsiqologiuri testebi, ramdenadac es aris erT-erTi ZiriTadi instrumenti pirovnebis Taviseburebebis Sesaswavlad. SemuSavebulia mravalricxovani meTodebi, romelTagan TiToeuli pasuxobs kvlevis konkretul amocanebs. amitom ama Tu im meTodikis, kiTxvarisa Tu testis SerCevisas mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli is mizani da amocanebi, risTvisac tardeba pirovnebis Seswavla. testebisa da kiTxvarebis nawili uSualod saqmianobis saxeobebiT, pirovnebis interesebiT operirebs da gansazRvravs profesiaTa tipebsa da jgufebs, romlebic ufro metad Seesabameba konkretul pirovnebas; nawili ki gaSualebulad, _ pirovnebis struqturis, inteleqtis Taviseburebebis meSveobiT, _ wyvets am problemas. profdiagnostikaSi gamoyenebuli fsiqologiuri testebis klasifikacia Semdegi niSnebis mixedviT xdeba: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. masalis warmodgenis formis mixedviT; meTodikaSi gamoyenebuli testuri davalebis tipis mixedviT; `obieqturoba-subieqturobis~ zomis mixedviT; diagnostirebis sagnis mixedviT; meTodikaSi testuri normebis arsebobiT.

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masalis warmodgenis formis mixedviT testebi iyofa or ZiriTad tipad: standartizirebuli da proeqciuli. standartizirebuli ewodeba testebs, romelTac gavlili aqvT standartizaciis etapi (Semowmeba validobasa da sandoobaze, testebisadmi wayenebul sxva moTxovnebTan Sesabamisoba). aseTi testebi orientirebulia Sefasebaze da fsiqodiagnostikis saimedo saSualebaa. standartizirebuli testebis Rirsebaa maTi diferencirebuli gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba (standartizirebuli testebis seria sxvadasxva asakobrivi jgufis, ganaTlebis donis, cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebisa da profesiis adamianebisaTvis muSavdeba). standartizirebuli testebis meSveobiT SesaZlebelia raodenobrivi Sefasebebis miReba, romlebiTac Semdeg pirovnebisa da jgufis fsiqologiuri maxasiaTeblebis Sedareba xdeba. standartizirebuli testebis naklia is, rom SesaZlebelia gamosacdelma pirovnebam gavlena moaxdinos testirebis Sedegebze. standartizirebuli testebi Tavis mxriv iyofa or qvetipad: testikiTxvari da test-davaleba. testi-kiTxvari Seicavs kiTxvebis serias, romlebze pasuxiTac msjeloben pirovnebis fsiqologiur maxasiaTeblebze. testi-davaleba Seicavs Sesabamisi amocanebis serias, romelTa Sesrulebis SedegebiTac pirovnebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi da maTi ganviTarebis done ganisazRvreba. proeqciuli testebis daniSnulebaa adamianis fsiqo-fiziologiuri Taviseburebebisa da qcevis Seswavla. proeqciul testebs safuZvlad udevs proeqciis meqanizmi, romlis Tanaxmad gaucnobierebel fsiqologiur Taviseburebebsa da qcevis naklovanebebs individi xSirad miawers sxva adamianebs. cdis piris fsiqologiur Taviseburebebze msjeloben imis safuZvelze, Tu rogor aRiqvams da afasebs igi Sesabamis situacias, adamianTa qcevas, ra pirovnul Tvisebebsa da motivebs miawers igi maT. proeqciul testebs zogjer pirovnul testebsac uwodeben. proeqciul meTodikas aqvs garkveuli Rirsebebi. kerZod, adamiani cxovrebiseul situaciebs sakuTar aRqmaSi (rac aisaxeba proeqciul testebSi) gardaqmnis Tavisi individualurobis Sesabamisad, cxovrebiseuli koliziebis Taviseburi xedviT (magaliTad, axdens ra naxatis interpretacias sakuTari pirovnuli Taviseburebebis Sesabamisad, igi gansazRvravs cxovrebiseuli situaciebis xedvas asociaciuri kavSirebis, warsuli gamocdilebis, ganwyobisa da rwmenis mixedviT). proeqciuli meTodika adamianis mTeli individualobis `proeqcias~ axdens ara pirdapir, aramed iribad _ pirovnebis emociuri Taviseburebebisa da nevrotuli reaqciebis Seswavlis gziT. meTodikaSi gamoyenebuli testuri davalebebis tipis mixedviT Semdegi saxis testebi gamoiyofa: gamokiTxvis (masSi gamoiyeneba kiTxvebi, romlebic mimarTulia cdis pirze); 27

mtkicebulebiTi (wamodgenilia romelime msjeloba an mtkicebuleba, romelTa mimarT pirovnebam unda gamoxatos Tavisi Tanxmoba an uTanxmoeba); produqciuli (cdis piri warmoadgens gansazRvruli saxis, sakuTar SemoqmedebiT produqcias); moqmedebis (cdis piri iRebs davalebas Seasrulos praqtikuli moqmedebebis ramdenime kompleqsi, romelTa xasiaTis mixedviT msjeloben mis fsiqologiur Taviseburebebze); fiziologiuri (xdeba adamianis organizmis uneblie fizikuri an fsiqo-fiziologiuri reaqciebis analizi).

`obieqturoba-subieqturobis~ zoma testirebis Sedegebis Sefasebis ZiriTad safuZvlebs axasiaTebs. obieqturi meTodikebis SemTxvevaSi Semsruleblis (fsiqodiagnostikosis) gavlena testirebis Sedegebze minimaluria. subieqturi meTodikebis SemTxvevaSi ki piriqiT, _ Sedegebi damokidebulia Semsruleblis gamocdilebasa da intuiciaze. obieqturi da subieqturi meTodikebis gamoyenebisas Semsrulebels moeTxoveba sruliad sxvadasxva teqnologiuri operaciebis Sesruleba. amitom mocemul klasifikacias `operaciulsac~ uwodeben. mkacri sazRvari meTodikis klasebs (obieqturi da subieqturi) Soris, ra Tqma unda, ar arsebobs. yoveli meTodika garkveuli zomiT atarebs rogorc obieqtur, ise subieqtur niSnebs. obieqtur meTodikebs miekuTvneba: fsiqo-fiziologiuri meTodikebi xelsawyoebis gamoyenebiT (diagnostikuri maCveneblebi registrirdeba specialuri xelsawyoebiT. magaliTad, pulsi, sunTqva, kunTebis tonusi da a.S.); qceviTi meTodikebi aparaturis gamoyenebiT (reaqciebisa da pasuxebis siswrafis parametrebis dadgena sxvadasxva aparaturis gamoyenebiT); obieqturi testebi pasuxis arCevaniT (inteleqtis, specialuri unarebis, zogadi codnisa da unar-Cvevebis Sesafasebeli testebi); testi-kiTxvarebi (kiTxvebze pasuxebis mocemuli variantebiT. gamoiyeneba pirovnuli maxasiaTeblebis, ganwyobebis, RirebulebiTi orientaciis, TviTSefasebis dasadgenad); subieqturi skalirebis meTodika (Sefasebas axdens TviTon gamosacdeli pirovneba da ara gamomcdeli). subieqturi meTodikebia: proeqciuli meTodikebi (rogorc wesi, es aris testebi Tavisufali pasuxebiT, romlis areali SemosazRvruli ar aris); standartizirebuli analitikuri dakvirveba (konsultanti dakvirvebas axorcielebs dadgenili meTodikis mkacrad dacviT); kontent-analizi anu Sinaarsis analizi (gamoiyeneba dakvirvebisas dafiqsirebuli erTmniSvnelovani masalis arsebobisas. xdeba

28

gansazRvruli elementebis _ faqtebis, analizis erTeulis _ daTvla da Sefaseba fsiqologis mier); CarTuli dakvirveba Semdgomi reiting-skalirebiT; fsiqologiuri saubari (interviu); rolebis TamaSi; aqtiuri (daswavlis) eqperimenti; e.w. `saqmianobis xarisxobrivi analizis~ meTodi (saqmianobis xarisxobrivi parametrebis arastandartuli, Tavisufali aRwera).

diagnostirebis sagnis mixedviT testebis klasifikacia efuZneba imas, Tu am testebis meSveobiT risi Sefaseba xdeba. amis mixedviT gamoiyofa: miRwevebis testebi (isini ZiriTadad efuZnebian saswavlo masalas da maTi daniSnulebaa codnis aTvisebis, unar-Cvevebis donis Sefaseba, agreTve konkretuli sagnisa da kursis asaTviseblad saWiro saerTo da profesiuli momzadebis donis Sefaseba, profesiuli SerCeva); sakuTriv fsiqologiuri testebi (inteleqtis, SesaZleblobebis, socialur-fsiqologiuri da pirovnebis testebi). inteleqtualuri testebi gamoiyeneba pirovnebis inteleqtualuri donis kvlevisa da xarisxobrivi SefasebisaTvis (aqtiurobisa da motivirebulobis done, Tavdajerebuloba, mizanswrafuloba, yuradRebis koncentracia da sxv.). unarebis testebi _ gamoiyeneba saerTo da specialuri SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebis donis diagnostirebisaTvis, romlebic gansazRvraven warmatebas swavlaSi, profesiul saqmianobasa da SemoqmedebaSi. arsebobs uamravi testi rogorc saerTo, ise specialuri (profesiuli) unarebis dasadgenad. unarebis testebi Seicaven amocanebs ara marto inteleqtis, aramed yuradRebis, mexsierebis, aRqmis, xelisa da TiTebis motorikis Sesafaseblad. unarebis testebis nairsaxeobaa kreatulobis testebi. isini gamoiyeneba pirovnebis SemoqmedebiTi unarebis (uCveulo ideebis dabadebis, problemuri situaciebis swrafad gadawyvetis, arastandartuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebis unarebi) Seswavlisa da SefasebisaTvis. amasTan, unda aRiniSnos, rom es testebi ar aris sakmarisad saimedo, ramdenadac SemoqmedebiTi miRwevebi moiTxovs pirovnebis rogorc SesaZleblobebis, ise sxva pirovnuli maxasiaTeblebis optimalur Sexamebas. konkretuli meTodika, romelic SeiZleba pirovnebis Seswavlisa da diagnostikisaTvis iqnes gamoyenebuli, damokidebulia pirovnebis Sefasebis mizanze. es mizani ki SeiZleba iyos rogorc pirovnebis zogadi fsiqo-fiziologiuri SesaZleblobebisa da Taviseburebebis Seswavla, ise konkretuli unarebis, profesiuli interesebis, ama Tu im profesiis moTxovnebTan pirovnebis Sesabamisobis dadgena da a.S.

29

pirovnebis SefasebisaTvis praqtikaSi gamoyenebuli fsiqodiagnostikuri meTodikebi sakmaod mravalricxovani da mravalferovania. maTgan SerCeuli da krebulSi Setanilia is meTodikebi, romelTa saimedoba fsiqologiuri da profesiuli diagnostikis sferoSi xangrZlivi praqtikiT aris dadasturebuli. profkonsultantis mier aRniSnuli meTodikebis moxmarebis gaadvilebisa da sworad gamoyenebis mizniT, krebulSi testebi garkveuli nawilebis (blokebis) saxiT aris warmodgenili. blokis saxelwodeba mianiSnebs pirovnebis im unarsa Tu Taviseburebaze, romlis Sesaswavladac gamoiyeneba esa Tu is testi. testebis nawili SesaZleblobas iZleva ganisazRvros ara erTi, aramed ramdenime unari da Tavisebureba. amitom TiToeuli testis winasityvaobaSi miTiTebulia misi gamoyenebis areali da ZiriTadi miznebi.

30

Tavi III. t e s t e b i
1. pirovnebis profesiuli interesebisa da motivaciis Sesaswavli testebi

1.1. holandis testi

, , . , , , . : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; 5. ; 6. . , , , , . ) , , . , . ) , ; : , , , , . ) . - .

31

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32

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33

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. ? . . , , , . , , : , , , . . , . , , , . . . , moZebneT sami asos yvela kombinaciis - , , , , - . , , . , . , , ( ), . , , .

34

ri (realistic){R} (convention){C}

(social){S}

( enterprising{E}

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35

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36

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37

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Holland
38

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39


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40

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42

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43

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44

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45

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46

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47

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48

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49

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50

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51

8. -------------------------------------------------{ 9. --------------------------------------------------------------{ 10. a --------------------------------------------------------------{ 11. () ---------------------{ 12. ------------------------------------------------------------------------{ 13. --------------------------------------------- { 14. ---------------------------------------------- {

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52

. 7

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53

 (. 3-5) (. 6-8) (. 9-12) (. 13) ( x)

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54

 . . , , , , , - . 1. , . , , . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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55

 1. pirovnebis TviTsakvlevi an profesiuli interesebis dasadgeni nebismieri meTodika, sasargebloa im SemTxvevaSi, Tu is gagimtkicebT arCevans an daganaxvebT axal gasaTvaliswinebel SesaZleblobebs. magram, Tu es ar moxda, nu aCqardebiT da nu SecvliT Tqvens profesiul gegmebs. ganagrZeT Tqvens mier arCeuli an kiTxvaris mier SemoTavazebuli profesiebis Semdgomi kvleva, maTi ukeT gacnobis mizniT. 2. SeadareT Tqveni jamuri kodi TqvenTvis sasurvel profesiaTa kodebs. isini msgavsi unda iyos, magram aucilebeli ar aris zustad, aso-aso emTxveodes erTmaneTs. mTavaria samasovan kodsa da Tqvens mier arCeul sayvarel saqmianobas Soris iyos msgavseba. davuSvaT Tqveni kodia rki da im profediis kodi, romliskenac miiswrafiT krn. am kodebis sxva SesaZlo variantebi iqneba rkS, ikr, rik. Tu mainc ver aRmoaCineT msgavseba kodsa da sasurvel profesias Soris, Tqveni unarebi SegiZliaT SeamowmoT konsultantTan an megobarTan. 3. daadgineT ra ganaTlebis miRebaa saWiro TqvenTvis sasurveli profesiis dasaufleblad. 4. profesiis arCevisas nu dagaviwydebaT Tqveni janmrTelobis gaTvaliswineba. 5. moiZieT ufro meti informacia Tqveni profesiis Sesaxeb sakonsuiltacio punqtSi da skolis konsultantTan, biblioTekaSi, SromiTi mowyobis biuroSi, SexvdiT da esaubreT TqvenTvis saintereso profesiis adamianebs. bevrs siamovnebs Tavis saqmianobaze saubari. nurc is dagaviwydebaT, rom yvela Tavisi kuTxiT uyurebs ama Tu im sakiTxs. amitom scadeT gaesaubroT am profesiis mqone ramdenime adamians. Cveni rCevaa ikiTxoT literatura profesiebis Sesaxeb. 6. gaxsovdeT, rom Tqvens Sedegebze mravali faqtori axdens gavlenas: Tqveni asaki, sqesi, mSoblebis saqmianoba, eTnikuri da rasobrivi warmoSoba. mag. sazogadoebrivi azri qalsa da mamakacs sxvadasxva profesiisaken ubiZgebs. qalebi umetesad s, S, da n kodebs Rebuloben. mamakacebi ki k, r, i kodebs. magram,

56

isic cnobilia, rom nebismier samuSaos orive sqesis adamiani warmatebiT arTmevs Tavs. gTxovT gaiTvaliswinoT yovelive es. 7. nu dagaviwydebaT, rom gadawyvetileba profesiis arCevisas pirvelad Tqven unda miiRoT. Cveni codna profesiaTa Sesaxeb sakmaod SezRudulia saimisod, rom erTaderT da zust arCevanamde migiyvanoT. mocemuli testi gTavazobT TqvenTvis Sesaferisi profesiis ramdenime SesaZlo variants.

57

gvari, saxeli, mamis saxeli

----------------------------------------------------

asaki ---------------------- sqesi ----------------- TariRi ----------1. CamowereT Tqveni kodis identuri profesiebi. Tu Tqveni kodia s i k, misi identuri profesiebi mocemuli iqneba s i k kodiT. Tu ver moZebneT Tqveni kodis identuri profesia, gadadiT me-2 punqtze. profesia ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ganaTleba -------------------------------------------------------------------

2. SeadgineT im profesiaTa sia, romelTa kodi hgavs Tqvensas. "profesiaTa cnobnarSi" moZebneT Tqveni kodis xuTi kombinacia. mag. Tu Tqveni kodia k r i, moZebneT profesiebi, romelTa kodia kir, rik, ikr da irk. daiwyeT imiT, rom CamowereT Tqveni kodis xuTi SesaZlo varianti. Tu Tqveni jamuri kodi Seicavs oTx asos, mag. rkiS, Tqven ufro meti kombinacia unda moZebnoT. saboloo kodi -----------------profesia ----msgavsi kodi -------------------------

ganaTleba

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SeniSvna: holandis kiTxvaris pasuxebi SeiZleba Caiweros rogorc kiTxvaris blankze, aseve pasuxebis furcelze, romlis nimuSi warmodgenilia qvemoT:

58

pasuxebis furceli

saxeli, gvari r ki k ki S ki

TariRi s ki i ki n ki

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

ara

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

ara

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

ara

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

ara

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

ara

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

ara

jami

profesia

unarebi

saqmianoba

kodi

59

1. 2. profesiuli interesebis sakvlevi kiTxvari (e. klimovis meTodika)

mizani: profesiuli interesebis kvleva. instruqcia: waikiTxeT mocemuli mtkicebulebebi. Tu eTanxmebiT maT, cxrilSi, Sesabamis striqonSi mocemuli cifris win dasviT ,,+, Tu ara _ dasviT ,,_, Tu geeWvebaT an ar iciT gadaxazeT cifri. 1. buneba 2. teqni ka 3. niSani 4. Semoqme deba 5. adamiani

mtkicebuleba TviTSefasebisTvis 1. advilad vecnobi adamianebs 2. xalisiT da didxans SemiZlia raRacis sakuTari xeliT keTeba, Seqmna 3. miyvars muzeumebSi, TeatrebSi, gamofenebze siaruli 4. xalisiT da mudmivad vuvli mcenareebs, cxovelebs 5. xalisiT da didxans SemiZlia raRacis gamoTvla, daxazva 6. siamovnebiT vurTierTob TanatolebTan an patara bavSvebTan 7. siamovnebiT vuvli mcenareebsa da cxovelebs 8. Cveulebriv, nakleb Secdomas vuSveb werilobiTi samuSaos Sesrulebisas 9. Cemi naxelavi, Cveulebriv, interess iwvevs megobrebSi, ufrosebSi 10. Tvlian, rom maqvs mxatvruli SesaZleblobebi 11. xalisiT vkiTxulob mcenereebisa da cxovelebis Sesaxeb 12. viReb monawileobas speqtaklebsa da

1 1

1 1

2 1

1 60

koncertebSi 13. xalisiT vkiTxulob meqanizmebis, xelsawyoebisa da manqanebis agebulebaze 14. didxans SemiZlia Tavsatexebis, amocanebis amoxsna, rebusebis amocnoba 15. advilad vagvareb adamianebs Soris uTanxmoebas 16. Tvlian, rom maqvs teqnikasTan muSaobis unari 17. adamianebs moswonT Cemi mxatvruli Semoqmedeba 18. maqvs mcenareebTan da cxovelebTan muSaobis unari 19. SemiZlia Cemi azrebis werilobiTi formiT naTlad gadmocema 20. me TiTqmis arasodes aravisTan vkamaTob 21. Cemi teqnikuri Semoqmedebis Sedegebs iwoneben ucnobi adamianebi 22. gansakuTrebuli Zalisxmevis gareSe viTviseb ucxo enebs 23. xSirad miwevs daxmareba ucnobi adamianebisac ki 24. SemiZlia didxans davkavde musikiT, xatviT, wignebis kiTxviT da a.S. 25. SemiZlia gavlena viqonio mcenareebis, cxovelebis ganviTarebasa da zrdaze 26. miyvars meqanizmebis, xelsawyoebis agebulebaSi garkveva 27. Cveulebriv, mexerxeba adamianebis gadmoyvana Cems Tvalsazrisze

1 1

2 2 2

1 1

2 1

61

28. xalisiT vakvirdebi mcenareebs an cxovelebs 29. xalisiT vkiTxulob samecniero, popularul, kritikul literaturas, publicistikas 30. vcdilob Cavwvde ostatobis saidumlos da sakuTar Zalebs vcdi ferweraSi, musikaSi da a.S.

Sedegebi

TiToeul svetSi daTvaleT algebruli niSnebiT aRniSnuli jami (erTmaneTs emateba cifrebi `+~ niSniT da akldeba cifrebi `_~ niSniT) da mxedvelobaSi ar miiRoT gadaxazuli cifrebi. CawereT jami grafaSi ,,Sedegebi. jamis meti mniSvneloba mianiSnebs cdis pirisaTvis SedarebiT Sesaferis profesiis tipze. jamis mcire an uaryofiTi mniSvneloba miuTiTebs im tipis profesiebze, romelTa arCevisagan Tavi unda Seikavos cdis pirma. qulebis maqsimaluri ricxvi calkeul svetSi aris 8.

profesiebis dajgufeba tipebad da ama Tu im tipisadmi profesiis mikuTvneba xdeba am profesiis momuSavis mier gamoyenebuli Sromis sagnisa (razedac mimarTulia Sroma) da Sromis saSualebis (Sromis procesSi gamoyenebuli manqanebi, iaraRebi da a.S.) mixedviT. amis gaTvaliswinebiT SeiZleba ganisazRvros TiToeuli profesiis profili da tipi, romelsac igi miekuTvneba. mocemuli klasifikaciis Sesabamisad Tanamedrove profesiuli samyaro SeiZleba daiyos xuT ZiriTad tipad: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. adamiani adamiani adamiani adamiani adamiani buneba; teqnika; niSanTa sistema; Semoqmedeba; adamiani;

marTalia, aseTi dayofa garkveulwilad pirobiTia, magram konkretuli profesiisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli ZiriTadi niSnebis mixedviT mainc SesaZlebelia misi mikuTvneba ama Tu im tipisadmi.

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adamiani buneba
Sromis ZiriTadi sagania mcenareuli da cxoveluri organizmebi, mikroorganizmebi. profesiebi: agronomi, botanikosi, fiziologi, veterinari, zooinJineri, zoologi, bioqimikosi, entomologi, mikrobiologi, genetikosi, baqteriologi, virusologi, citologi, ekologi, geografi, kinologi, okeanelogi, teqnologi (kvebis mrewveloba), hidrobiologi, mebaRe, mefrinvele, xil-bostneulis gadamuSavebis operatori, mefutkre, meTevze, Jokei, zeTis gamomxdeli, Zexvis warmoebis operatori, yasabi, mikrobiologiuri warmoebis teqnikosi, kinologi, fermeri da a.S.

am tipis profesiaTa jgufSi gamoiyofa Semdegi qvetipebi: profesiebi dakavSirebuli mcenareebis, cxovelebis mdgomareobisa da cxovrebis pirobebis SeswavlasTan, gamokvlevasTan da analizTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli mcenareebisa da cxovelebis movlasTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli mcenareebisa da cxovelebis daavadebebis profilaqtikasa da mkurnalobasTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli soflis meurneobasTan, kvebis mrewvelobasTan.

moTxovnebi, romlebic Zalian mniSvnelovania am tipis profesiiT muSaobisas: icnobdes cocxal organizmebsa da mikroorganizmebs; axasiaTebdes iniciativa da damoukidebloba SromiTi amocanebis Sesrulebisas; mzrunveloba; SorsmWvreteloba; mzadyofna imuSaos rTul klimatur pirobebSic.

biologiur obieqtebTan Sromis gansakuTrebuli Tavisebureba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom isini Tavisi bunebiT cvalebadi, rTuli da arastandartulni arian. mcenareebi, cxovelebi, mikroorganizmebi cocxloben, izrdebian, viTardebian, avaddebian da kvdebian. amitom am tipis profesiiT momuSavem bevri unda icodes ara marto cocxal organizmebze, aramed SeZlos mosalodneli cvlilebebis ganWvreta (romelic SeiZleba Seuqcevadic iyos) da adeqvaturi reagireba.

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adamiani teqnika
Sromis ZiriTadi sagania teqnikuri obieqtebi, manqanebi, meqanizmebi, energiis saxeebi. profesiebi: memanqane, eleqtrikosi, inJiner-meqanikosi, mikrosqemebis amwyobi, teqnikos-meqanikosi, video-audio aparaturis meqanikosi, telekomunikaciis specialisti, piloti, bortinJineri, aviameqanikosi, kompiuteris amwyobi, kompiuteruli qselebis administratori, radioinJineri, konstruqciis memontaJe, mSenebeli, meTunuqe, mebaTqaSe, durgali, zeinkali, xarati, mearmature, mRaravi, WaburRilis mburRavi, mesaaTe, teqnikos-eleqtrikosi, inJiner-konstruqtori, samSeneblo teqnikis operatori, avtomanqanis mZRoli, SemduRebeli, telegrafisti da a.S. am tipis profesiaTa jgufSi gamoiyofa Semdegi qvetipebi: profesiebi dakavSirebuli gruntisa da samTo wiaRiseulis mopovebasa da damuSavebasTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli araliTonuri samrewvelo masalebis, nakeTobebis, naxevarfabrikatebis damuSavebasa da gamoyenebasTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli liTonis warmoebasa da damuSavebasTan, meqanikur awyobasTan, manqanebisa da xelsawyoebis montaJTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli teqnologiuri manqanebis, danadgarebis, satransporto saSualebebis remontTan, gawyobasTan, momsaxurebasTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli Senobebis, nagebobebis, konstruqciebis montaJTan da remontTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli eleqtro mowobilobebis, xelsawyoebis, aparatebis, eleqtro masalebis awyobasa da montaJTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli eleqtro mowobilobebis, xelsawyoebis, aparatebis, eleqtro masalebis remontTan, gawyobasTan, momsaxurebasTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli amwe, satransporto saSualebebTan; profesiebi dakavSirebuli soflis meurneobis produqtebis gadamuSavebasTan.

moTxovnebi, romlebic Zalian mniSvnelovania am tipis profesiiT muSaobisas: teqnikuri azrovneba; sivrciTi warmosaxvis kargi unari; yuradReba; sizuste.

64

am profesiebiT momuSaveebi aucileblad unda flobdnen moZraobiT Cvevebs, sensomotoruli koordinaciis kompleqss. gadamuSavebisas, ganaxlebisas Tu teqnikuri obieqtebis Sefasebisas momuSaves moeTxoveba sizuste, moqmedebis gansazRvruloba. ramdenadac, praqtikulad teqnikuri obieqtebi yovelTvis iqmneba TviTon adamianis mier, teqnikis samyaroSi gansakuTrebiT farTo gasaqani aqvs novatorobas, gamomgoneblobas da teqnikur Semoqmedebas. teqnikis sferoSi saqmisadmi SemoqmedebiTad midgoma adamianisgan iTxovs maRal saSemsruleblo disciplinas.

adamiani niSanTa sistema

Sromis ZiriTadi sagania pirobiTi niSnebi, cifrebi, kodebi, bunebrivi da xelovnuri enebi. profesiebi: programisti, veb-programisti, inJiner-programisti, maTematikosi, fizikosi, qimikosi, statistikosi, finansisti, buRalteri, auditori, konstruqtori, bibliografi, biblioTekari, arqivariusi, laboranti, meteorologi, notariusi, astrologi, lingvisti, istorikosi, filosofosi, mTargmneli, mbeWdavi, koreqtori, fostalioni, stenografi, saqmeTammarTveli, farmacevti, krupie, bukmekeri, mxazveli, eqspertianalitikosi da a.S.

am tipis profesiaTa jgufSi gamoiyofa Semdegi qvetipebi: profesiebi dakavSirebuli dokumentebis gaformebasTan, saqmiswarmoebasTan, teqstis analizTan, damuSavebasTan da xelaxal kodirebasTan; profesiebi romelTa Sromis sagans warmoadgens ricxvebi da raodenobrivi Tanafardobebi; profesiebi dakavSirebuli informaciis sistemuri niSnebiT damuSavebasa da obieqtebis sqematurad warmosaxvasTan.

moTxovnebi, romlebic Zalian mniSvnelovania am tipis profesiiT muSaobisas: niSnebTan da cifrebTan muSaobis unari; gadawyvetilebebisa da dasaxuli amocanebis kontroli; yuradRebis koncentraciis kargi unari; moZraobis siswrafe da sizuste; martod Sesasrulebeli samuSaosadmi midrekileba (adamianebTan xSiri kontaqtis gareSe).

65

am profesiebiT warmatebiT muSaobisaTvis, gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba erTi SexedviT `mSrali~ niSnebis gaazrebis unars, roca saWiroa yuradReba gaamaxvilo da aqcentireba gaakeTo im informaciaze, romelsac Seicavs esa Tu is niSani.

adamiani - Semoqmedeba
Sromis ZiriTadi sagania SemoqmedebiTi xati (mxatvruli nimuSi), misi Seqmnis unari.

profesiebi: msaxiobi, vokalisti, koncertmeisteri, diriJori, kinomcodne, xelovnebaTmcodne, reJisori, kompozitori, musikosi, mxatvari, qoreografi, mwerali, poeti, akrobati, klouni, iluzionisti, dekoratori, arqiteqtori, dizaineri, restavratori, skulptori, kosmetologi, iuveliri, fotografi, modeliori, kulinari, mRebavi, mkeravi, parikmaxeri, xeze mkveTeli, qvaze mkveTeli da a.S. am tipis profesiaTa jgufSi gamoiyofa Semdegi qvetipebi: profesiebi profesiebi profesiebi profesiebi - dakavSirebuli saxviT xelovnebasTan; dakavSirebuli musikalur saqmianobasTan; dakavSirebuli literaturul-mxatvrul saqmianobasTan; - dakavSirebuli samxatvro da sasceno saqmianobasTan.

moTxovnebi, romlebic Zalian mniSvnelovania am tipis profesiiT muSaobisas: ganviTarebuli mxatvruli gemovneba; SemoqmedebiTi unari; mxatvruli efeqtebis wvdoma; TvalsaCino-xatobrivi wamodgenebis sicxade; mdidari warmosaxva; azrovnebis moqniloba; xelovnebis nimuSebis Sefasebis unari.

adamiani - adamiani
Sromis ZiriTadi sagani -- adamiani, jgufi, koleqtivi. profesiebi: maswavlebeli, eqimi, fsiqologi, parikmaxeri, menejeri, meTodisti, konsultanti, advokati, mosamarTle, policieli, mdivani, 66

sociologi, mkvlevari, kulturologi, administratori, gidi, Jurnalisti, mwvrTneli, oficianti, stilisti, barmeni, mzareuli, gamyidveli, Sveicari, molare, bortgamcilebeli, socialuri muSaki, sareklamo agenti, dileri, brokeri da a.S. am tipis profesiaTa jgufSi gamoiyofa Semdegi qvetipebi: profesiebi dakavSirebuli samedicino momsaxurebasTan (eqimi, medda, sanitari da a.S.); profesiebi dakavSirebuli saswavlo-aRmzrdelobiT saqmianobasTan (maswavlebeli, aRmzrdeli, treneri da a.S.); profesiebi dakavSirebuli sayofacxovrebo momsaxurebasTan (gamyidveli, oficianti, bortgamcilebeli da a.S.); profesiebi dakavSirebuli informaciul momsaxurebasTan (biblioTekari, gidi, Jurnalisti da a.S.); profesiebi dakavSirebuli sazogadoebisa da saxelmwifos dacvasTan (mosamarTle, policieli, advokati da a.S.); profesiebi dakavSirebuli sainformacio-samxatvro momsaxurebasTan da mxatvruli koleqtivebis xelmZRvanelobasTan.

Tvisebebi, romlebic Zalian mniSvnelovania am tipis profesiiT muSaobisas: adamianebTan urTierTobisas kargi ganwyoba da dadebiTi emocia; adamianebis azrebis, ganzraxvis da ganwyobis gagebis unari; sxvadasxva tipis adamianebTan saerTo enis gamonaxvis unari; adamianebTan urTierTobis moTxovnileba; adamianebTan urTierTobaSi swrafad garkvevis unari.

am tipis profesiis arCevisas mzad unda iyoT mTeli samuSao drois ganmavlobaSi adamianebTan urTierTobisaTvis. unda inarCunebdeT TavdaWerilobas, simSvides, keTilmosurneobas. unda SegeZloT adamianebTan kontaqtis damyareba, gulisxmieri damokidebuleba da a.S.

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1. 3. kiTxvari pirovnebis profesiuli orientaciis Sesaswavlad

mizani: pirovnebis profesiuli orientaciis gansazRvra. instruqcia: `Tqven geZlevaT mosazrebaTa CamonaTvali. TiToeuli mosazrebisadmi Tqveni damokidebuleba aRniSneT pasuxebis furcelze Sesabamis grafaSi `+~ niSniT.

masala:

I.

minda (momwons, mizidavs, vamjobineb)

1. adamianebis momsaxureba. 2. mkurnaloba. 3. swavleba, aRzrda. 4. uflebebisa da usafrTxoebis dacva. 5. adamianebis marTva. 6. manqanebis marTva. 7. mowyobilobis remonti. 8. teqnikis awyoba da gamarTva. 9. masalis damuSaveba, sxvadasxva sagnebis da nivTebis damzadeba. 10. mSenebloba. 11. teqstebisa da cxrilebis damuSaveba. 12. angariSebisa da gamoTvlebis warmoeba. 13. informaciis gadamuSaveba. 14. naxazebTan, rukebTan da sqemebTan muSaoba. 15. signalebisa da Setyobinebebis miReba-gadamuSaveba. 16. mxatvrul gaformebaze muSaoba. 17. xatva, fotografireba. 18. xelovnebis nimuSis (nawarmoebis) Seqmna. 19. scenaze gamosvla. 20. qargva, qsova. 21. cxovelebis movla. 22. produqtebis damzadeba. 23. sufTa haerze muSaoba. 24. bostneulisa da xilis moyvana. 25. bunebasTan urTierToba. 26. xeliT muSaoba. 27. gadawyvetilebis Sesruleba. 28. xatebis aRdgena mexsierebaSi. 29. konkretuli praqtikuli Sedegebis miReba. 30. ideebis cxovrebaSi ganxorcieleba (realizeba). 31. gonebiT muSaoba. 32. gadawyvetilebis miReba. 33. axali nimuSebis Seqmna.

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34. gaanalizeba, Seswavla, gamokvleva, dakvirveba, gazomva, kontrolireba. 35. dagegmva, konstruireba, proeqtireba, SemuSaveba, modelireba.

Semowmeba,

II. SemiZlia (vflob am unar-Cvevebs)

1. axali adamianebis gacnoba. 2. viyo gulisxmieri da keTilismsurveli. 3. adamianebis mosmena. 4. adamianebSi garkveva. 5. kargad saubari da sajarod gamosvla. 6. dazianebis moZebna da gamosworeba. 7. xelsawyoebis, manqanebis, meqanizmebis gamoyeneba. 8. teqnikur mowyobilobebSi garkveva. 9. instrumentebis moxerxebulad gamoyeneba. 10. sivrceSi kargad orientireba. 11. viyo yuradRebiani da gulmodgine. 12. gonebaSi kargad Tvla. 13. informaciis kodireba. 14. niSnebiTa da simboloebiT operireba (moqmedeba). 15. Secdomebis Zebna da gamosworeba. 16. lamazi, gemovnebiT gakeTebuli nivTebis Seqmna. 17. verkvevi literaturasa da xelovnebaSi. 18. simRera, musikalur instrumentebze dakvra. 19. leqsebis, moTxrobebis wera. 20. xatva. 21. verkvevi cxovelebSi an mcenareebSi. 22. mcenareebis gamravleba an cxovelebis moSeneba. 23. daavadebebTan, mavneblebTan brZola. 24. orientireba bunebriv movlenebSi. 25. miwaze muSaoba. 26. davalebis swrafad Sesruleba. 27. instruqciebis zustad Sesruleba. 28. mocemuli algoriTmiT (davalebiT) muSaoba. 29. erTferovani samuSaos Sesruleba. 30. normebisa da wesebis dacva. 31. axali instruqciebis Seqmna da miTiTebebis gacema. 32. arastandartuli gadawyvetilebis miReba. 33. saqmianobis axali xerxebis (saSualebebis) advilad mofiqreba. 34. pasuxismgeblobis sakuTar Tavze aReba. 35. sakuTari samuSaos damoukideblad organizeba.

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pasuxebis furceli
I.
(, , )
e biTac 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 e biTac

II.
( -)

1 2 3 4 5 A B

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kiTxvaris Sedegebis damuSaveba

masalaSi warmodgenili mosazrebebi, romlebic axasiaTeben profesiuli saqmianobis sxvadasxva saxes gaerTienebulia 7 jgufad TiToeulSi 5 mtkicebuleba. TiToeuli jgufis mixedviT unda daiTvalos arCeul mosazrebebis qulebis jami da unda Caiweros pasuxebis furclis cxrilis marjvena cariel ujraSi. calkeuli jgufis mixedviT Sefasebis jami SeiZleba Seadgendes 0-15 qulas. imisda mixedviT Tu romel jgufSia qulebis maqsimaluri jami, ganisazRvreba pirovnebis midrekileba an SesaZleblobebi ama Tu im tipisa da klasis profesiebis mimarT.

pirveli xuTi mosazreba AaRniSnuli cifrebiT 1-dan 5-mde axasiaTebs profesiaTa xuT tips, romlebic dayofilia `Sromis sagnis mixedviT: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) adamiani adamiani adamiani adamiani adamiani adamiani; teqnika; niSaTa sistema; Semoqmedeba; buneba.

mosazrebaTa bolo ori jgufi, romlebic aRniSnulia asoebiT A da B Ti, Seesabameba profesiebis or klass, romlebic gamoiyofa `Sromis xasiaTis mixedviT: A) - saSemsruleblo

B) - SemoqmedebiTi

pasuxebis daTvla xdeba Semdegnairad: pasuxs `srulebiTac ara~ ewereba 0 qula; pasuxs `TiTqmis asea~ _ 1 qula; pasuxs `sworia~ _ 2 qula; pasuxs `savsebiT sworia~ _ 3 qula. jamis meti mniSvneloba mianiSnebs cdis pirisaTvis SedarebiT Sesaferis profesiaTa tipze.

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pirovnebis interesebis sakvlevi kiTxvari

mizani: pirovnebis profesiuli interesebisa da midrekilebebis kvleva. instruqcia: `qvemoT mocemulia TqvenTvis nacnobi sxvadasxva praqtikuli saqmianoba. waikiTxeT TanmimdevrobiT da dafiqrdiT, xom ar gainteresebT romelime maTgani imdenad, rom xels mohkidebdiT maT praqtikul ganxorcielebas? amasTan aRniSnul saqmianobaze ifiqreT imis gauTvaliswineblad, gaqvT Tu ara maTi ganxorcielebisaTvis saWiro dro da kvalifikacia. Tqven mogeTxovebaT marto imis aRniSvna, Tu romeli saqmianoba mogwonT. saqmianobebi SearCieT dafiqrebiT da gulwrfelad, magram pasuxis gacemisas didxans nu SeCerdebiT. arCevanis raodenoba SezRuduli ar aris. pasuxebi aRniSneT amisaTvis gankuTvnil specialur furcelze. kerZod, pasuxebis furcelze SemoavleT wre im mosazrebis nomers, romelic TqvenTvis misaRebia (mogwonT)~. masala: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ucnob adamianebTan Sexvedra da maTi gacnoba. asafeTqebeli nivTierebis damzadeba. karikaturebis xatva. manqana-danadgarebis SekeTeba. bunebaSi martodmarto yofna. adamianebze dakvirveba da maTi Semowmeba. qimiuri cdebis Catareba. TeatrSi siaruli. manqana-danadgarebis daSla da montaJi. cxovelebis gawvrTvna. ojaxuri dResaswaulebis organizacia. varskvlavis agebulebis gamokvleva da Seswavla. filmSi gadaReba. manqana-danadgarebis agebulebis gamokvleva da Seswavla. gareuli cxovelebis (mxecebis) daWera. daxmareba adamianebs Soris wamoWrili davis gadaWraSi. saSiSi daavadebis sawinaaRmdego wamlis damzadeba. simReris dawera. eleqtronuli xelsawyoebiT saqmianoba. cxovelebis mkurnaloba.

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21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57

adamianTa masebis organizeba, ayolieba (krebebis, eqskursiebis mowyoba da sxv.). ucnobi qimiuri nivTierebis Semadgenlobis dadgena. binis morTva-mowyoba. saojaxo eleqtromowyobilobis SekeTeba. cxovelebisa da frinvelebis movla-patronoba. mgzavrobisas Tanamgzavrad yofna. naxazebis ageba da kiTxva. leqsebis wera. teqnikuri siaxlis gamogoneba. sokos Zebna. stumrebis miReba. cifrebTan da kodebTan muSaoba. TeatrSi TamaSi. kompiuteruli teqnikis awyoba. bunebaSi frinvelebze dakvirveba. adamianebisTvis cxovrebiseuli rCeva-darigebis micema. sxvadasxva statistikuri monacemis Segroveba-analizi. romanis wera. saavtomobilo sakonstruqtoro saqmianoba. zooparkis daTvaliereba. adamianebTan saerTo enis gamonaxva da maTi darwmuneba. istoriulad mniSvnelovani da faseuli dokumentebis Segroveba. portretebis xatva. tele-audio aparaturis kostruireba. xexilis movla. romelime organizaciisaTvis TanamSromlebis SerCeva. safinanso angariSebis momzadeba. fotosuraTebis gadaReba da damzadeba. manqana-danadgarebis sqemis daxazva. futkris movla-patronoba. adamianebis saubriT Seqceva. miwis zedapiris gamokvleva, gazomva da aRwera sxvadasxva mizniT (rukebis Sesadgenad, mSeneblobisTvis). moxdenilad Cacma. samSeneblo konstuqciebis montaJi. akvariumis Tevzebis movla-patronoba. adamianebis jgufis xelmZRvaneloba (samuSaoze, sportSi). teqstis redaqtireba.

73

58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94

mxatvruli literaturis kiTxva. magnitizmis sferoSi cdebis Catareba. yvavilebis movla-gaSeneba. bavSvebis aRzrda. arqeologiuri da anTropologiuri namarxebis Seswavla. romelime musikalur instrumentze dakvra. eleqtronuli gamzomi xelsawyoebiT muSaoba. gamwvanebis samuSaoebis warmoeba. axalgazrduli klubis organizacia. amindze dakvirveba da prognozireba. musikis mosmena. saxarato dazgaze muSaoba. xexilis sxvadasxva jiSis gamoyvana. maswavlebloba skolaSi. cifrobrivi monacemebis Seyvana kompiuterSi Sesanaxad da dasamuSaveblad. simRera. manqana-danadgarebis inJiner-teqnikosoba. xexilis gaSeneba. stiqiuri ubedurebisgan dazaralebulTaTvis daxmarebis organizeba. dokumentebis daxarisxeba (saqmis warmoeba). kinoSi siaruli. TviTmfrinavis modelebis Seqmna. baRCis movla-patronoba. sxvisTvis imis swavleba, rac kargad iciT. filosofiuri Sexedulebebis analizi da interpretacia. reJisoroba TeatrSi. manqana-danadgarebis muSaobisTvis Tvalyuris devneba. tyis movla-patronoba. sazogadoebriv organizaciebSi muSaoba. safosto werilebis daxarisxeba. qandakebis ageba. metalis SeduReba. axali saxeobis mcenareebis gaSeneba. bavSvebisaTvis zRaprebis moyola. dokumentebisa da sxva masalebis qserokopireba. gamofenaze siaruli. eleqtrogayvanilobis damontaJeba.

74

95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120

cxovelebis gakveTa da maTi organizmis Seswavla. axalgazrdobisaTvis rCeva-darigebis micema profesiis arCevisas. maTematikuri gaangariSebebis warmoeba. axali modis tansacmlis Seqmna. gemis mSeneblobaze muSaoba. avadmyofi adamianebis mkurnaloba. herbariumis (gamxmari mcenareebis koleqcia) Segroveba. ciur sxeulebze dakvirveba. suraTebis xatva. sadurglo samuSaoebis Sesruleba. axali jiSis cxovelebis gamoyvana. bavSvebis movla-patronoba da maTze zrunva. teqstis Targmna. zRaprebis wera. xeze Wra. saqonlis movla, patronoba, moSeneba. bavSvTa saTamaSo-gasarTobi RonisZiebebis organizeba. dabeWdili masalis Sedareba originalTan. bunebis mSvenierebiT tkboba. mSeneblobisaTvis teqnikuri naxazebis daxazva. miwaTmoqmedeba. avadmyofebis gasinjva, Semowmeba. bunebis dacvaze zrunva. baletze an operaze daswreba. xidebis daproeqteba. sasoflo-sameurneo kulturebis mavnebelTa winaaRmdeg efeqturi nivTierebebis Zebna.

75

pasuxebis furceli
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 100 106 111 116 2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 77 82 87 92 97 102 107 112 117 3 8 13 18 23 28 33 38 43 48 53 58 63 68 73 78 83 88 93 98 103 108 113 118 4 9 14 19 24 29 34 39 44 49 54 59 64 69 74 79 84 89 94 99 104 109 114 119 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 101 105 110 115 120

76

II

III

IV

Sedegebis damuSaveba
pasuxebis furcelze yovel svetSi mocemulia kiTxvarSi warmodgenil mosazrebaTa Sesabamisi nomrebi. Semoxazuli cifrebi aRniSnavs cdis piris dadebiT pasuxs konkretul mosazrebaze. TiToeuli Semoxazuli cifri fasdeba 1 quliT. qulebis dajameba xdeba TiToeuli svetis mixedviT. qulaTa jami iwereba svetis bolos mocemul cariel grafaSi. I grafa Seesabameba profesiaTa tips: adamiani - adamiani; II grafa: adamiani niSanTa sistema; III grafa: adamiani Semoqmedeba; IV grafa: adamiani teqnika; V grafa: adamiani buneba. qulaTa meti raodenoba mianiSnebs profesiaTa im tips, romelic ufro metad Seesabameba pirovnebas.

77

1.5. m. rokiCis meTodika `pirovnul RirebulebaTa Sefaseba (orientacia)~

RirebulebaTa orientaciis sistema gansazRvravs pirovnebis urTierTobis safuZvlebs gare samyarosTan, sxva adamianebTan da sakuTar TavTan, misi msofmxedvelobisa da cxovrebiseuli aqtiurobis motivacias. RirebulebiTi orientaciis Sesaswavlad farTod gamoiyeneba m. rokiCis meTodika, romelic efuZvneba RirebulebaTa ranJirebas. m. rokiCi gamoyofs RirebulebaTa or klass: 1. terminaluri: rwmena imisa, rom individualuri arsebobis saboloo mizani Rirs imad, rom iswrafode am miznisken. 2. instrumentuli: rwmena imisa, rom pirovnebis esa Tu is moqmedeba an Tviseba upiratesia nebismier situaciaSi. aseTi dayofa Seesabameba tradiciul dayofas: Rirebuleba-mizani; Rirebuleba-saSualeba. cdis pirs furcelze miewodeba RirebulebaTa ori CamonaTvali (TiToeulSi 18). SesaZlebelia Rirebulebebi miewodos baraTebis saxiTac (erT baraTze _ erTi Rirebuleba). cdis piri CamonaTvalSi TiToeul Rirebulebas aniWebs ranJirebis nomers (baraTebis SemTxvevaSi ki mniSvnelobis rigis mixedviT alagebs baraTebs. aRsaniSnavia, rom masalis miwodebis aseTi forma iZleva ufro saimedo Sedegebs). cdis pirebs Tavdapirvelad eZlevaT terminalur RirebulebaTa nakrebi, Semdeg ki instrumentuli Rirebulebebis nakrebi. instruqcia, roca gamoiyeneba baraTebi: `warmogidgenT 18 baraTs, romelzec mocemulia Rirebulebebi. gTxovT, am Rirebulebebidan airCioT TqvenTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani da ganalagoT isini mniSvnelovnebis mixedviT im principebis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlebiTac xelmZRvanelobT cxovrebaSi. TiToeuli Rirebuleba dawerilia calkeul baraTze. yuradRebiT gaecaniT baraTebs da pirvel adgilze moaTavseT TqvenTvis yvelaze metad mniSvnelovani, Semdeg airCieT TqvenTvis mniSvnelovani meore Rirebuleba da moaTavseT is pirvelis Semdeg. ase ganalageT yvela sxva danarCeni baraTi (TqvenTvis yvelaze umniSvnelo Rirebuleba, cxadia, daikavebs me-18 adgils). imuSaveT auCqareblad, dafiqrebiT. Tu muSaobis procesSi SeicvliT azrs, SegiZliaT SeasworoT Tqveni pasuxebi da SeucvaloT baraTebs adgili. saboloo Sedegma unda axsnas Tqveni namdvili (WeSmariti) pozicia~.

78

rodesac warmodgenili Rirebulebebi furcelze instruqcia, CamonaTvlis saxiT aris mocemuli: `gTxovT, mocemuli Rirebulebebidan airCioT TqvenTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani da miuweroT cifri 1. Semdeg darCenili Rirebulebebidan kvlav airCieT TqvenTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani da miuwereT cifri 2 da a. S., vidre Tormetive Rirebulebis danomvras mniSvnelovnebis mixedviT ar daasrulebT. meToduri masala:

a) terminaluri Rirebulebebi: aqtiuri saqmiani cxovreba; cxovrebiseuli sibrZne (msjelobaTa sisrule da jansaRi azri, romelic miiRweva cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebiT); janmrTeloba (fizikuri da fsiqologiuri); saintereso samuSao; bunebisa da xelovnebis silamaze (silamazis gancda bunebasa da xelovnebaSi); siyvaruli (sulieri da fizikuri siaxlove sayvarel adamianTan); materialurad uzrunvelyofili cxovreba (materialuri sirTuleebis ararseboba) ; kargi da erTguli megobrebis arseboba; sazogadoebis mxridan aRiareba (garSemomyofebis mxridan pativiscema); Semecneba (sakuTari ganaTlebis, msoflmxedvelobis gafarToebis, zogadkulturuli da inteleqtualuri ganviTarebis SesaZlebloba); produqtiuli (Sedegiani) cxovreba (sakuTari SesaZleblobebis, Zalebisa da unarebis maqsimalurad srulad gamoyeneba); ganviTareba (sakuTar Tavze muSaoba, fizikuri da sulieri srulyofa); garToba (sasiamovno, arasavaldebulo drostareba, valdebulebebis ararseboba); Tavisufleba (damoukidebloba msjelobebsa da qmedebebSi); bednieri ojaxuri cxovreba; sxvaTa bedniereba (adamianebis, xalxisa da mTlianad kacobriobis ganviTareba, srulyofa da keTildReoba); Semoqmedeba (SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobis SesaZlebloba); sakuTari Tavis rwmena (Sinagani harmonia, Sinagani winaaRmdegobebisa da eWvebisagan Tavisufleba).

79

b) instrumentuli Rirebulebebi akuratuloba (sisufTave, unari SeinarCuno wesrigi yvelaferSi); aRzrdiloba (kargi manerebi); maRali moTxovnebi (maRali moTxovnebi cxovrebisadmi); sicocxlis xalisi (iumoris grZnoba); Semsrulebloba (disciplinirebuloba); damoukidebloba (unari imoqmedo damoukideblad, gabedulad); sakuTari Tavisa da sxvebis naklovanebebisadmi Seurigebloba; ganaTleba (farTo codna da zogadi kulturis maRali done); pasuxismgebloba (movaleobis grZnoba, micemuli dapirebis Sesrulebis unari); racionalizmi (jansaRad da logikurad azrovnebis, kargad gaazrebuli, racionaluri gadawyvetilebis miRebis unari); TviTkontroli (TavSekaveba, TviTdisciplina); siTamame sakuTari azrebis, sakuTari Sexedulebebis dacvaSi; Zlieri nebisyofa (sakuTari poziciis dacvis unari da sirTuleebis, winaaRmdegobebis gadalaxvis unari); moTmineba (sxvaTa Sexedulebebisa da azrebisadmi angariSis gaweva, unari apatio sxvebs maTi Secdomebi); farTo Sexedulebebi (sxvaTa TvalTaxedvisa da Sexedulebebis gagebis unari, gansxvavebuli gemovnebis, Cvevebis, tradiciebis pativiscema); patiosneba (simarTle da gulaxdiloba); efeqtianoba (Sedegianoba) saqmeSi (Sromismoyvareoba, produqtiuloba muSaobaSi); gulisxmiereba (mzrunveloba).

misi universaluroba da ekonomiuroba am meTodikis Rirsebaa: rogorc kvlevis Catarebisas, ise misi Sedegebis damuSavebisas, aseve moqniloba _ rogorc masalis (RirebulebaTa nusxis), ise instruqciis varirebis SesaZlebloba. misi arsebiTi naklia cdis piris mxridan socialurad sasurvel pirovnebad warmoCenisa da aragulaxdilobis SesaZlebloba. amitom mocemul situaciaSi gansakuTrebul rols TamaSobs diagnostikis motivacia, testirebis nebayoflobiTi xasiaTi da fsiqologsa da cdis pirs Soris kontaqtis arseboba. aRniSnuli naklovanebebis dasaZlevad da RirebulebiTi orientaciis sistemaSi ufro Rrmad SesaRwevad, SesaZlebelia instruqciaSi cvlilebebis Setana. es iZleva damatebiT diagnostikur informacias da SesaZlebels xdis gakeTdes ufro dasabuTebuli daskvnebi. magaliTad, ZiriTadi davalebis Sesrulebis Semdeg SeiZleba cdis pirs sTxovoT

80

moaxdinos kiTxvebze: -

im

baraTebis

ranJireba,

romlebic

iZlevian

pasuxs

Semdeg

`ra TanmimdevrobiT da ra xarisxiT (%-ulad) aris realizebuli mocemuli Rirebulebebi Tqvens cxovrebaSi? `rogor ganalagebdiT am Rirebulebebs, Tu Tqven gaxdebodiT iseTi, rogorzec ocnebobdiT?~ `Tqveni azriT, yvela TvalsazrisiT srulyofili adamiani rogor daalagebda am Rirebulebebs?~ `Tqveni azriT, rogor daalagebda am Rirebulebebs adamianTa umravlesoba (umetesoba)?~ `Tqveni azriT, rogor daalagebdiT am Rirebulebebs 5 an 10 wlis win?~ `Tqveni azriT, rogor daalagebT am Rirebulebebs 5 an 10 wlis Semdeg?~ `Tqveni azriT, rogor moaxdendnen baraTebis ranJirebas Tqveni axlobeli adamianebi?~

RirebulebaTa ierarqiis analizisas yuradReba unda mieqces cdis piris mier, sxvadasxva safuzvelze dayrdnobiT, baraTebis dajgufebas Sinaarsobriv blokebad. magaliTad, moxdeba `konkretuli~ da `abstraqtuli~ Rirebulebebis, profesiuli TviTrealizaciisa da piradi cxovrebis Rirebulebebis da a.S. gamoyofa. instrumentaluri Rirebulebebi SeiZleba dajgufdes Semdegi saxis Rirebulebebad: eTikuri, urTierTobis, saqmiani Rirebulebebi; individualuri da konformistuli, altruistuli Rirebulebebi; TviTdamkvidrebisa da sxvaTa miRebis Rirebulebebi da a.S. ra Tqma unda, es ar aris RirebulebaTa orientaciis sistemis subieqturi struqturirebis yvela SesaZlebloba. fsiqologi unda ecados individualuri kanonzomierebebis gamovlenas. Tu SeuZebelia Tundac erTi kanonzomierebis gamovlena, SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom respodents ara aqvs Camoyalibebuli RirebulebaTa sistema anda ar upasuxa kiTxvebze gulaxdilad. testireba umjobesia Catardes individualurad, magram SesaZlebelia jgufuri testirebac.

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2. testebi adamianis pirovnuli Taviseburebebis Sesaswavlad

2.1. j. aizenkis meTodika

praqtikaSi farTod gamoiyeneba ingliseli fsiqologis j. aizenkis meTodika, romelic moicavs 8 tests koeficientebis gansazRvrisaTvis da pirovnul kiTxvars. gansakuTrebiT popularulia pirovnuli kiTxvari. igi gamoiyeneba fsiqologiis sxvadasxva dargSi da optimaluria profkonsultaciis miznebisTvisac. pirovnul kiTxvars aqvs sul 3 skala, romelTa daxmarebiT SesaZlebelia pirovnebis Sesaxeb mdidari informaciis miReba. kiTxvari Seicavs or ZiriTad skalas (skala _ eqstraversia-introversia da neiroticizmis skala) da sicruis damxmare skalas. ukanasknels aqvs ara marto teqnikuri mniSvneloba, aramed ukiduresi mniSvnelobis SemTxvevaSi, iZleva Sinaarsobriv informacias pirovnebis Sesaxeb. eqstraversia-introversiis skalas xSirad kontaqturobis (komunikabelurobis) skalasac uwodeben. misi mniSvneloba warmodgenas iZleva sxvadasxva situaciebSi adamianebTan urTierTobisas pirovnebis SesaZleblobebze. bunebrivia, rom eqstravertebi ufro kmayofilebi da ufro warmatebulni iqnebian samuSaTi, romelic ukavSirdeba aqtiur urTierTobebs adamianTa farTo wresTan, introvertebi ki ufro ukeT SeZleben teqnikur an ekonomikur dokumentaciasTan muSaobas, vidre SeZleben msmenelTa jgufis darwmunebas raimeSi. amasTan, swored introvertebs arcTu iSviaTad aqvT adamianebTan muSaobis midrekileba. amitom yvela zemoT CamoTvlil SemTxvevebSi profesiis arCevaze dasabuTebuli gadawyvetilebis misaRebad didi mniSvneloba aqvs neirotizmis maCvenebels. neiroticizmis skalas uwodeben SfoTvis skalas. adamiani maRali nevrotizmiT (emociuri labiloba) _ es aris aforiaqebuli adamiani, romelsac axasiaTebs maRali mgrZnobiaroba, feTqebadi buneba, advilad ganawyeneba, gaRizianeba. da piriqiT, adamiani nevrotizmis dabali doniT (emociuri stabiloba) aris wynari, TavSekavebuli, gawonasworebuli, Tavis TavSi dajerebuli. adamianebTan warmatebuli muSaobisaTvis, iseve rogorc teqnikur-ekonomikur dokumentaciasTan muSaobisaTvis, umjobesia nevrotulobis dabali da saSualo maCvenebeli. nevrotizmis aseTi maCveneblebis mqone introvertebsac warmatebiT SeuZliaT urTierToba specifikur situaciebSi (magaliTad, adamianebTan individualuri muSaoba iseTi profesiebis CarCoebSi, rogoricaa guverniori, konsultanti, socialuri muSaki). ufro rTulia situacia, roca saqme gvaqvs introvertTan nevrotizmis maRali doniT. arsebobs warmodgena, rom aseT adamians produqtiulad SeuZlia imuSaos wynar, gancalkevebul adgilas, sadac ar arsebobs raime saSiSroeba, didi pasuxismgebloba da gaurkvevlobis done minimumamdea dayvanili. aseTi maxasiaTeblebi gaaCnia individualur,

82

mkacrad algoriTmizirebul provizori). eqstravertisa da maxasiaTeblebSi vlindeba: tipiuri eqstraverti

saqmianobas

(magaliTad,

arqivariusi,

introvertis

qcevis

tendenciebi

Semdeg

eqstraverts axasiaTebs dadebiTi emociebi da amaRlebuli ganwyoba. uyvars mxiaruleba, socialurad gaxsnilia, saWiroebs adamianebTan urTierTobebs, bevri megobari hyavs, riskiania, yvelafers axals advilad amCnevs da advilad iTvisebs, swrafad reagirebs, optimistia, aseTi adamiani Tavs kargad grZnobs da samyarosac dadebiTad aRiqvams, udardelia, advilad gamoxatavs emociebs. aqedan gamomdinare, SeiZleba didad saimedo ar iyos da misi mxridan adgili hqondes sazogadoebrivi normebis darRvevas. igi ufro obieqturia garesamyaros mimarT. adamiani, romelsac aqvs eqstraversiis maRali maCvenebeli, aris socialuri tipi, Tavis moqmedebaSi gulRia, xalisiani, impulsuri, siaxlis da cvlilebebis moyvaruli, kontaqturi da megobruli, mzrunveli, sakuTari grZnobebis gamomxatveli adamiani. tipiuri introverti

introversia vlindeba pirovnebis `CaketilobiT~, emociebis veqtori mimarTulia Sinagani samyarosadmi. TavisTavSi CaRrmavebuli pirovnebaa, is sakuTari poziciidan uyurebs samyaros, ar aris Zalian mxiaruli, ar uyvars Tavis gamoCena da garemos gamRizianeblebs Tavs aridebs, endoba Zalian cota adamians da isic, Zalian axlobel megobrebs; ar uyvars riski, sanam raimes gaakeTebdes, winaswar fiqrobs da gegmavs, akontrolebs Tavis emociebs (TavdaWerili); morcxvia, moridebuli-gaubedavia, pesimisturad aris ganwyobili da ufro xSirad mowyenilia, iSviaTad avlens Tavis emocias (magaliTad, agresias ar gamoxatavs). amdenad, ufro saimedoa da misi qceva sazogadoebriv normebzea orientirebuli. uyvars wesrigi; gamoxatulia midrekileba TviTSefasebisa da introspeqciisadmi, naklebi komunikabeluroba, mcire interesi (an uinteresoba) adamianebisa da sxva gamRizianeblebis mimarT. e.i. introverti TviTdakvirvebadi, gonieri, mowesrigebuli, grZnobebis naklebad gamomxatveli, mSvidi, ideebiT mcxovrebi adamianis tipia. es daxasiaTeba exeba tipiur eqstravertsa da tipiur introverts. am tipebis gverdiT SeiZleba es maxasiaTeblebi met-naklebi siZlieriT gamovlidnen. bunebrivia, rom adamianTa umravlesoba am or ukidures tips Soris Tavsdeba. maT orive tipis niSan-Tvisebebi gaaCniaT. ase rom eqstraversia-introversiis skalaze Zalian cota adamiani SeiZleba erTmniSvnelovnad ukidures eqstraverts an ukidures introverts mivakuTnoT.

83

eqstraversia-introversiis gverdiT aizenkma gamohyo pirovnebis meore, damoukidebeli faqtori, romelsac neiroticizmi uwoda. neiroticizmis skalaze gamoiyofa pirovnebis Semdegi tipebi: emociurad stabiluri pirovneba aris mSvidi, TavSekavebuli, maRali TviTcnobierebiT, sando, udardeli (kargi gagebiT, dardiT ardamZimebuli); emociebs intensiurad ar gamoxatavs, misi avtonomiuri nervuli sistema gawonasworebulad moqmedebs, anu agznebasa da Sekavebas Soris Tanafardoba SedarebiT stabiluria. emociurad labilur pirovnebas xSirad ecvleba guneba-ganwyoba, Wirveulia, gaubedavia, nerviuli, gadauwyveteli, advilad gamodis mwyobridan, mSfoTvare (mSiSara) da mousvenaria. misi emociebis gamowveva advilad xdeba da gareTac intensiurad vlindeba, agznebasa da Sekavebas Soris wonasworoba arastabiluria. sicrue gulisxmobs adamianis ltolvas _ gamoiyurebodes ukeTesad, orientacias garSemomyofTa mxriv dadebiT Sefasebaze da gamokvlevis momentSi, umetesad vlindeba testis kiTxvebze aragulwrfeli pasuxebiT.

aizenkis pirovnuli kiTxvari SesaZleblobas iZleva Sefasdes pirovnebisa da misi qcevis Taviseburebebi, agreTve aRweril iqnes misTvis optimaluri Sromis pirobebi da saxeobebi. aizenkis kiTxvari moicavs 57 SekiTxvas. TiToeuli maTgani saWiroebs pasuxs: diax an ara. pasuxebis analiziT (gasaRebis saSualebiT) SegviZlia davadginoT da SevafasoT zemoT aRwerili maCveneblebi. instruqcia: `kiTxvarSi mocemulia 57 SekiTxva or savaraudo pasuxTan erTad: diax da ara. Tu TvliT, rom eTanxmebiT SekiTxvas, SemoxazeT pasuxi diax; Tu TvliT, rom ar eTanxmebiT _ SemoxazeT pasuxi ara. gTxovT, upasuxoT yvela SekiTxvas. pasuxebis gasacemad nu daxarjavT bevr dros. aq ar arsebobs swori da araswori pasuxebi, imdenad, ramdenadac es kiTxvari Tqveni gonebrivi SesaZleblobebis gamosavlenad araa mowodebuli. arcerTi kiTxva ar datovoT upasuxod~.

84

kiTxvaris masala:
1. xSirad xom ar gizidavT axali STabeWdilebebi, raTa gaerToT da ganicadoT Zlieri grZnobebi? a) diax b) ara 2. xSirad xom ar grZnobT, rom iseTi megobrebi gWridebaT, romlebic Tqven gagigeben, gagamxneveben da giTanagrZnoben? a) diax b) ara 3. TvliT Tu ara Tqven Tavs udardel adamianad? a) diax b) ara 4. Zalian xom ar giWirT Tqvens ganzraxvebze uaris Tqma? a) diax b) ara 5. fiqrobT Tu ara auCqareblad Tqvens saqmeebze, xom ar girCevniaT moicadoT, sanam moqmedebas daiwyebdeT? a) diax b) ara 6. yovelTvis asrulebT Tu ara danapirebs, maSinac ki, roca igi TqvenTvis momgebiani araa? a) diax b) ara 7. xSirad xom ar gaxasiaTebT guneba-ganwyobilebis cvlileba? a) diax b) ara 8. Cveulebriv, swrafad moqmedebT, laparakobT da ar kargavT dros mofiqrebisTvis? a) diax b) ara 9. gagCeniaT odesme grZnoba, rom Tqven ubeduri adamiani xarT, Tumca amis seriozuli mizezi arc yofila? a) diax b) ara niZlavis SemTxvevaSi SegiZliaT waxvideT yvelaferze? a) diax b) ara grZnobT uxerxulobas sawinaaRmdego sqesis adamianis gacnobisas, romlisadmic Tqven simpaTiurad xarT ganwyobili? a) diax b) ara xdeba xolme, rom gabrazebisas Tqven wyobidan gamodixarT? a) diax b) ara xSirad xom ar moqmedebT momentis, situaciis zegavleniT? a) diax b) ara 85

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

xSirad gawuxebT imaze fiqri, rom Tqven es ar unda geTqvaT, an ar unda gagekeTebenaT? a) diax b) ara amjobinebT wignis kiTxvas adamianebTan urTierTobas? a) diax b) ara marTalia, rom Tqveni wyenineba advilia? a) diax b) ara giyvarT Tu ara xSirad wveulebebze yofna? a) diax b) ara giCndebaT Tu ara zogjer iseTi azrebi, romelTa gaziareba sxva adamianebisTvis ar gindaT? a) diax b) ara marTalia, rom zogjer imdenad savse xarT energiiT, rom yvelaferi xelTgewifebaT, zogjer ki grZnobT Zlier modunebas, moTenTilobas? a) diax b) ara cdilobT Tu ara SezRudoT Tqveni nacnobobis wre uaxloesi megobrebis mcire ricxviT? a) diax b) ara ocnebobT Tu ara bevrs? a) diax b)

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

ara

22.

rodesac giyvirian, Tqvenc igiveTi pasuxobT? a) diax b) ara xSirad gawuxebT danaSaulis grZnoba? a) diax b) ara Tqveni yvela Cveva kargia da sasurveli? a) diax b) ara SegiZiaT Tu ara misceT Tavisufleba Tqvens grZnobebs da udardelad gaataroT dro mxiarul wveulebebze? a) diax b) ara SeiZleba iTqvas, rom Tqveni nervebi xSirad ukiduresad daZabulia? a) diax b) ara Tqven cocxal da mxiarul adamianad gTvlian? a) diax b) ara 86

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

mas Semdeg, rac saqme ukve damTavrebulia, xSirad xom ar ubrundebiT masze fiqrs, rom Tqven SegeZloT igi ukeTesad gagekeTebinaT? a) diax b) ara Cveulebriv, sazogadoebaSi yofnisas Tqven sityvaZunwi da TavdaWerili xarT? a) diax b) ara aris Tu ara SemTxveva, roca Tqven avrcelebT xmebs? a) diax b) ara giWirT xolme daZineba imis gamo, rom TavSi sxvadasxva azrebi gitrialebT? a) diax b) ara Tu raimes gageba gsurT, girCevniaT amis Sesaxeb wignSi waikiTxoT, vidre megobrebs kiTxoT? a) diax b) ara gaqvT xolme Zlieri guliscema? a) diax b) ara mogwonT samuSao, romelic moiTxovs daZabul yuradRebas? a) diax b) ara gaqvT xolme kanakalis (Jruantelis) Setevebi? a) diax b) ara yovelTvis simarTles ambobT? a) diax b) ara ar gsiamovnebT im kampaniaSi yofna, sadac erTmaneTze mudmivad xumroben? a) diax b) ara advilad RiziandebiT? a) diax b)

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

ara

39.

mogwonT samuSao, romelic moqmedebebis siswrafes moiTxovs? a) diax b) ara marTalia, rom Tqven xSirad ar gasvenebT fiqrebi sxvadasxva usiamovnebasa da saSinelebaze, romlebic SeiZleba momxdariyo, Tumca yvelaferi kargad dasrulda? a) diax b) ara

40.

87

41.

marTalia, rom Tqven xarT auCqarebeli moZraobebSi da neli? a) diax b) ara dagigvianebiaT odesme Sexvedraze an samsaxurSi? a) diax b) ara xSirad xom ar gesizmrebaT koSmarebi? a) diax b) ara marTalia Tu ara, rom Tqven imdenad giyvarT saubari, rom ar gauSvebdiT SemTxvevas gamoelaparakoT ucnob adamians? a) diax b) ara gawuxebT Tu ara raime tkivili? a) diax b) ara Tu SewuxdebodiT megobrebis didi xnis unaxaobiT? a) diax b) ara Tu TvliT Tavs nerviul adamianad? a) diax b) ara im adamianebs Soris, visac icnobT, arian iseTebi, vinc aSkarad ar mogwonT? a) diax b) ara Tu SegiZliaT TqvaT, rom Tavdajerebuli adamiani xarT? a) diax b) ara advilad gwyinT, rodesac gakritikeben Tqveni naklis an samuSaos gamo? a) diax b) ara Znelia Tu ara ganicadoT namdvili siamovneba iseT RonisZiebebSi, romlebSic monawileobs bevri adamiani? a) diax b) ara gawuxebT Tu ara grZnoba, rom Tqven sxvebze uaresi xarT? a) diax b) ara Tu SeZlebdiT mowyenili kompaniis gamococxlebas? a) diax b) ara xdeba xolme, rom iseT Temebze saubrobT, raSic saerTod ver erkveviT? a) diax b) ara

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

54.

88

55.

swuxarT Tu ara sakuTar janmrTelobaze? a) diax b) ara giyvarT Tu ara sxvebze gaxumroba? a) diax b) ara xom ar gawuxebT uZiloba? a) diax b) ara

56.

57.

testirebis Sedegebis damuSaveba da interpretacia: testirebis Sedegebis damuSaveba unda daiwyos respodentis pasuxebis sandoobis gansazRvriT. Tu pasuxebi emTxveva `gasaRebSi~ miTiTebuls, maSin yovel maTgans ewereba 1 qula.

aizenkis kiTxvaris gasaRebi: s i c r u e: pasuxi diax kiTxvebze: pasuxi ara kiTxvebze: 6, 24, 36. 12, 18, 30, 42, 48, 54.

e q s t r a v e r s i a i n t r o v e r s i a: pasuxi diax kiTxvebze: 1, 3, 8, 10, 13, 17, 22, 25, 27, 39, 44, 46, 49, 53, 56. pasuxi ara kiTxvebze: 5, 15, 20, 29, 32, 34, 37, 41, 51.

n e v r o t i u l o b a: pasuxi diax kiTxvebze: 2, 4, 7, 9, 11, 14, 16, 19, 21, 23, 26, 28, 31, 33, 35, 38, 40, 43, 45, 47, 50, 52, 55, 57.

89

aizenkis kiTxvaris Sedegebis analizisTvis: Tu sicruis skalis pasuxebi Seadgens 4-6 qulas, maSin testirebis Sedegebi crua, saeWvoa (SesaZloa pasuxebis dros respotenti orientirebuli iyo mxolod socialur mowonebaze, garSemomyofTa aRiarebaze) Tu qulaTa jami 7-ze metia, maSin mocemuli testireba iTvleba arasandod da Sedegebis momdevno damuSaveba aRar xdeba. Tu qulaTa jami 03 ia, pasuxebi sandoa.

ricxobrivi maCvenebeli 0 - 3 4 6 7 9

interpretacia gulaxdili situaciuri cru

pasuxebis cxrili ricxobrivi maCvenebeli

interpretacia eqsravertulob is skalisTvis

0-2
Rrma intro verti

3-6
introve rti

7-10
potenci uri introve rti

11-14
ambovert i

15-18

19-22

23-24
Rrma (gadame tebul i) eqstra verti

potenci eqstra uri verti eqstra verti

ricxobrivi maCvenebeli
interpretacia nevrotizmis skalisTvis

0-7
mcired gamoxatuli nevrotizmi

8-14
zomieri nevroti zmi

15-18
gamoxatuli nevrotizmi

19-24
nevrotizmis Zalian maRali done

eqstraversiaintroversiis skalis pasuxebiT: 0 - 2 qula _ 3-6 qula _ 7-10 qula _ 11 - 14 qula mkveTrad gamoxatuli introversia (Rrma introverti); introverti; potenciuri introverti; _ amboverti (pirovneba, romelSic sustadaa gamoxatuli rogorc eqsravertis, ise introvertis Tvisebebi); 15-18 qula _ potenciuri eqstraverti; 19-22 qula _ eqstraverti; 23-24 qula _ Rrma (gadametebuli) eqstraverti;

90

nevrotizmis skalis pasuxebiT: Tu qulaTa jami 12-ze naklebia, miiCneva, rom pirovneba emociurad mdgradia, stabiluria; Tu qulaTa jami 12-ze metia, saqme gvaqvs emociurad aramdgrad, labilur tipTan. 0 7 qula _ mcired gamoxatuli nevrotizmi (emociuri stabiloba); 8 14 qula _ zomieri nevrotizmi; 15-18 _ gamoxatuli nevrotizmi, nevrotizmis maRali done (emociuri labiloba); 19-24 da meti nevrotizmis Zalian maRali done.

nax.1. aizenkis eqstravertulobisa da neirotizmis orfaqtoriani modeli

e q s t r a v e r t u l o b a neiroticizmi
12

16

melanqoliki

20

24

qoleriki

16

20

24

introversia

eqstraversia
8

flegmatiki
4

sangviniki

aizenkis eqstraversiisa da neiroticizmis or faqtorian modelSi im poziciis mixedviT, romelsac individi daikavebs am or RerZze, aizenkis sqemis mixedviT, SeiZleba ganvsazRvroT, Tu romel kategorias miekuTvneba pirovneba. anu pirovnebis adgilis gansazRvriT SesaZlebelia misi xasiaTis tipis gansazRvra (ix. nax. 2 - `aizenkis wre).

91

nax. 2: `aizenkis wre~

labiloba

Wirveuli mSiSara rigiduli daTrgunuli pesimisturi gaubedavi arasocialuri

mgrZnobiare mousvenari agresiuli gaRizianebuli kontaqturi impulsuri

Cumi

aqtiuri

pasiuri mzrunveli Cafiqrebuli mSvidobiani daTrgunuli

flegmatiki

sangviniki

kontaqturi molaparake Tanamoazre daudevari cocxali udardeli

gawonasworebuli wynari damTmobi

tonis mimcemi gaxsnili

stabiloba

testirebis monacemebis safuZvelze konsultanti wers daskvnas pirovnebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebisa da temperamentis tipis Taobaze. pirebs, romelTa maCveneblebi metismetad maRalia an metismetad dabali, eZleva rekomendaciebi TviTkoreqciis gzebis Sesaxeb.

92

eqstraversia

introversia

melanqoliki

qoleriki

optimisturi

damatebiTi informacia j. aizenkis meTodikasTan dakavSirebiT: eqstraversia: pirovneba socialurad Riaa, kargad amyarebs da inarCunebs emociur kontaqtebs. es SeiZleba sasargeblo iyos im SemTxvevebSi, sadac saWiroa situaciis marTva. magaliTad: komersantis, brokeris, vaWrobis muSakis, Jurnalistis samuSao. eqstravertisTvis damaxasiaTebelia kontaqturoba, iniciaturoba, qcevaSi moqniloba, unari ipovos Tavisi adgili sazogadoebaSi da moergos mis moTxovnebs. isini ufro midrekilni arian daufiqrebeli qmedebebisken, vidre dasaxuli programiT moqmedebisaken. maT magnitiviT izidavT gare samyaro, sagnebi da obieqtebi. introversia: am tipis adamianebi moridebulni arian, ar saWiroeben jgufis mxridan mudmiv mxardaWeras. metismetad SeboWilni arian pirad kontaqtebSi da ganicdian sirTuleebs urTierTobebSi. es Tvisebebi SeiZleba maT daexmaroT im situaciebSi, roca saWiroa samuSaoze koncentrireba da sakirkito samuSaos Sesruleba. damaxasiaTebelia TviTanalizisaken midrekileba, morcxoba, socialuri pasiuroba. Znelad erTvebian jgufurad amocanebis gadawyvetaSi da upiratesobas aniWeben individualur samuSaos. maTi interesebi mimarTulia Sinagan samyaroze, romelsac isini ufro mniSvnelovnad Tvlian, vidre sagnebis samyaros da garemos. temperamentis tipebi: profesiuli orientaciis amocanebidan gamomdinare, aucilebelia aseve temperamentis tipebis codna, radganac TiToeuli saqmianoba adamianis fsiqikasa da mis dinamikur Taviseburebebs uyenebs gansazRvrul moTxovnebs. ganasxvaveben temperamentis oTx tips:1 sangviniki flegmatiki qoleriki melanqoliki

1. 2. 3. 4.

sangviniki: sangvinikuri temperamentis adamianis emocia swrafad aRmocendeba, mimdinareobs intensiurad. amave dros xasiaTdeba meryeobiT. Zlieri emocia advilad uCndeba, magram male uqreba. masSi erTi ganwyobileba swrafad cvlis meores, amitom igi axerxebs erTi moqmedebidan meoreze swrafad gadanacvlebas. aseTi adamiani swrafia, moZravi, sicocxliT savse, aqtiuri. misi grZnobebi uSualod da Seukaveblad aisaxeba gamomsaxvel moZraobebSi. sangviniks midrekileba aqvs dadebiTi, sasiamovno emociebisadmi. optimistia, ufro kargs moelis cxovrebisgan, vidre cuds. udardeli da uzrunvelia, ufro xSirad imedebiT savse. adamianTa
1

g. merabiSvili. zogadi da iuridiuli fsiqologia. gv. 144-149.

93

urTierTobaSi ufro dadebiT mxareebs amCnevs, vidre advilad da siamovnebiT amyarebs maTTan kontaqtebs.

cuds,

amitom

qoleriki: qolerikuli temperamentis adamianis emocia Zlieria da SedarebiT myari. gaZnelebulia axali situaciis Sesaferisi moqmedebis ganxorcieleba. amave dros misTvis damaxasiaTebelia mZlavri emociebisagan erTbaSad, naxtomiseburad gantvirTva. marTalia es procesi misTvis didi usiamovnebis momgvrelia, magram Tu es aucilebelia, qoleriki amas axerxebs erTbaSad da gadaWriT. aseTi temperamentis adamians ufro uaryofiTi, usiamovno emociebisadmi aqvs midrekileba, ufro xSirad gaRizianebulia, ukmayofiloa da gajavrebuli; igi afeqturi adamiania. misi aqtiuri, energiuli moqmedeba mkveTrad aisaxeba moZraobebSi mimikasa da pantomimikaSi. misi moZraobebi swrafia, metyveleba mgznebare. flegmatiki: flegmaturi temperamentis adamianis emocia Znelad aRgznebadia. mxolod Zlieri da pirovnebisTvis didi mniSvnelobis mqone gamRizianebeli iwvevs masSi emociis aRmocenebas. aseTi adamiani mSvidia, gawonasworebuli. aRmocenebuli emocia nelia, magram SeiZleba myari da Zlieric iyos. moqmedebaSi igi xSirad Seudrekelia da Tanmimdevari. midrekileba aqvs ufro dadebiTi da mSvidi emociebisadmi. misi gamomsaxveli moZraobebi Raribia, uWirs erTi mdgomareobidan meoreSi gadasvla. igi pasiuri adaminia, uWirs sxvebTan kontaqtebis damyareba, Tavis gancdebs naklebad gamoxatavs, zogjer Znelic kia garkvevamowyenilia Tu mxiaruli, raime mowons Tu ara da aS. melanqoliki: melanqoliuri temperamentis adamianis grZnobebi xasiaTdeba neli, magram mZlavri da myari emociuri aRgznebadobiT. erTxel aRmocenebuli emocia mTlianad ipyrobs mas. uWirs misgan ganTavisufleba, gunebaganwyobilebis Secvla. misi Zlieri emociebi sustad mJRavndeba gamomsaxvel moZraobebSi, igi ufro Tavis TavSia Caketili, uWirs sakuTari, gancdebis sxvisTvis gaziareba, midrekileba aqvs uaryofiTi emociebisadmi xSirad ipyrobs iumedoba, cxovrebaSi ufro cud mxareebs amCnevs, vidre kargs. igi pasiuri adamiania, iSviaTad iCens raime iniciativas, uaRresad eZneleba adamianebTan kontaqtebis damyareba da yovelTvis cdilobs SezRudos nacnoboba uaxloesi adamianebis mcire ricxviT. grZnobaTa aRgznebadobis mixedviT sangviniki da qoleriki Sedian erT jgufSi, radgan orive xasiaTdeba maRali aRgznebadobiT, xolo flegmatiki da melanqoliki meore jgufSi, ramdenadac orives axasiaTebs grZnobebis dabali aRgznebadoba. grZonobebis Sinaarsis mixedviT igive tipebi sxvagvarad jgufdeba: sagviniki da flegmatiki qmnian jgufs, romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebelia

94

tendecia dadebiTi grZnobebisadmi, xolo qoleriki da melanqoliki meore jgufs, romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebelia midrekileba negatiuri grZnobebisadmi. yoveli tipologia garkeveul TvisebaTa ganyenebas eyrdnoba, riTac adamianTa usazRvro mravalsaxeoba gansazRvrul SemWidroebul kategoriebad jgufdeba. es Tavisebureba vlindeba temperamentis klasifikaciaSic. yoveli konkretuli adamiani aucileblad ar ekuTvnis romelime erTs oTxi ZiriTadi tipidan. ufro xSirad adamianebi warmoadgenen Sereul tips, erTerTisken met-naklebi gadaxriT (magaliTad, adamiani SeiZleba iyos ZiriTadad sangvinikuri tipis, magram SeiZleba hqondes qolerikisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli zogierTi niSani). introvert_eqstravertis tipologia mWidro kavSirSia TaviseburebebTan. (ix. nax. 1, 2) eqstravertebi sangvinikebi an qolerikebi arian; introvertebi melanqolikebi an flegmatikebi arian. temperamentis

miniSneba:

am tipologias aqvs kidev nevrotizmi-stabilobis ganzomileba. stabilurebi arian sangvinikebi da flegmatikebi, rac imaSi gamoixateba, rom mudam inarCuneben erTgvarovan saxes _ sangvinikebi mxiaruls, flegmatikebi ki indiferentuls, inertuls. melanqolikebisa da qolerikebis nevrotizmi miuTiTebs maTi gunebaganwyobilebis xSir cvlilebaze, mousvenar SfoTian bunebaze. am Tvisebebs qolerikebi garegamovlinebiT gamoxataven gadametebul sixarulSi an piriqiT, yvirilsa da CxubSi. rac Seexeba melanqolikebs, am dros isini Zlieri TavSekavebiTa da Sinagani mRelvarebiT gamoirCevian. iTvleba, rom riskian saqmianobas (magaliTad, samxedro saqmianobisaTvis) ufro metad Seesabamebian qolerikuli temperamentis adamianebi, sangvinikebi _ organizaciul saqmianobas (magaliTad, politikosebi), melanqolikebi _ SemoqmedebiT saqmianobas (xelovnebasa da mecnierebaSi), flegmatikebi _ gegmiur da mwarmoeblur saqmianobas (Semqmnelebi). zogierTi saxis profesiisaTvis miuRebelia adamianis garkveuli Tvisebebi, magaliTad, mfrinav-gamandgureblisaTvis miuRebelia zozini, inertuloba, nervuli sistemis sisuste. Sesabamisad, flegmatikebi da melanqolikebi naklebad gamodgebian am saxis saqmianobisaTvis. temperamentzea damokidebuli nevro-fsiqikuri daZabulobis donis ganmsazRvreli sxvadasxva faqtorebis zegavlena (magaliTad, saqmianobis Sefaseba, saqmianobis kontrolis molodini, samuSao tempis aCqareba, disciplinaruli zemoqmedeba da a.S.). temperamenti aisaxeba qcevisa da urTierTobebis saSualebebzec. magaliTad, sangviniki TiTqmis yofelTvis iniciatoria urTierTobebSi,

95

ucxo adamianebis garemocvaSi Tavs grZnobs Tavisuflad, axali uCveulo situacia mas mxolod aRagznebs, maSin rodesac melanqoliks, piriqiT, aseTi situacia aSinebs, aSfoTebs da abnevs. flegmatikic aseve rTulad axerxebs ucnob adamianebTan urTierTobas, naklebad gamoxatavs sakuTar grZnobebs da didxans ver amCnevs imas, rom viRaca didi xania ukve eZebs mizezebs mis gasacnobad. sangvinikis gasakuTrebuli aqtiurobis gamovlena SeuZlia, Tu samuSao iTxovs misgan xSir gadasvlebs saqmianobis erTi saxidan meoreze, gadawyvetilebebis miRebis operatiulobas, maSin, rodesac saqmianobis reglamintirebuloba, erTferovneba iwvevs masSi swraf daRlas. flegmatikebi da melaqolikebi, piriqiT, mkacri reglamintirebisa da monotonuri Sromis pirobebSi aRweven did produqtiulobas da advilad umklavdebian daRlilobas, vidre qolerikebi da sangvinikebi.

96

2.2. r. ketelis pirovnebis sakvlevi 16-faqtoriani kiTxvari

mizani: pirovnebis individualur-fsiqologiuri Taviseburebebis Sefaseba. aRwera: ketelis kiTxvari pirovnebis individualur-fsiqologiuri Taviseburebebis Sesaswavlad erT-erTi yvelaze gavrcelebuli meTodikaa. misi meSveobiT SesaZlebelia pirovnebis fsiqologiuri daxasiaTeba, rac ase aucilebelia proforientaciisTvis da pirovnebis profvargisianobis dasadgenad. r. ketelis kiTxvari miznad isaxavs gamorkveul iqnes sxvadasxva pirobebSi adamianis moqmedebis Tavisebureba. kiTxvaris meSveobiT xdeba pirovnebis Seswavla 16 damoukidebeli faqtoris mixedviT. kiTxvarSi mocemulia 187 kiTxva da TiToeul maTganze pasuxis sami varianti. kiTxvaris Sedegebis damuSavebiT xdeba pirovnebis individualur-fsiqologiuri Taviseburebebis gansazRvra. meTodikas aqvs 3 varianti zrdasrulebisTvis. krebulSi gaTvaliswinebuli kiTxvari. _ bavSvebisTvis, warmodgenilia mozardebisTvis, zrdasrulTaTvis

r. ketelis meTodika amouwuravia Tavis SesaZleblobebSi, ramdenadac iTvleba SedarebiT universalur da kompleqsur fsiqodiagnostikur instrumentad. igi SesaZleblobas iZleva pirovnebis struqturis Sefasebis safuZvelze ganisazRvros misTvis misaReb profesiaTa tipebi. instruqcia: `Tqven geZlevaT kiTxvari, romelic miznad isaxavs gamorkveuli iqnas sxvadasxva pirobebSi Tqveni moqmedebis Tavisebureba. amitom kiTxvebze pasuxi ar SeafasoT `sisworis an `mcdarobis mixedviT. qvemoT mocemulia kiTxvebi da TiToeul maTganze pasuxis sami varianti (a, b, c). kiTxvebze pasuxi unda gaices Semdegnairad: jer waikiTxeT kiTxva da masze pasuxis variantebi, Semdeg pasuxis sami variantidan SearCieT erTi, romelic Tqvens azrs gamoxatavs da pasuxebis furcelze Sesabamis ujraSi CawereT `+~. dasawyisSi, imis gamosarkvevad, rom pasuxi gaeciT qvemoT moyvanil magaliTebs: instruqcia sworad gaigeT,

1. siamovnebiT vuyureb sportul Sejibrebebs: a) diax; b) xandaxan; c) ara.

97

2. sityva `qali~ iseTive mimarTebaSia sityva `kata~ sityvasTan: a) knuti; b) ZaRli; c) biWi.

sityvasTan

`bavSvi~,

rogorc

meore kiTxvaSi erTaderTi swori pasuxia `knuti~. aRniSnuli tipis kiTxvebi kiTxvarSi iSviaTia. Tu raime gaugebaria, axlave ikiTxeT, Tu ara da SeudeqiT sakontrolo kiTxvebze pasuxis gacemas. pasuxebis gacemisas yovelTvis daicaviT Semdegi 4 principi: pasuxebis mofiqrebaze did dros nu daxarjavT. SearCieT iseTi pasuxi, romelic Tavidanve mogeCvenebaT marTebulad. erT wuTSi saSualod pasuxi unda gaeces 5-6 kiTxvas. yvela kiTxvaze pasuxis gacemas unda moandomoT ara umetes 30-35 wuTisa; SeecadeT, rac SeiZleba naklebad gamoiyenoT pasuxi `b~ varianti. aseTi pasuxebi SearCieT mxolod maSin, roca namdvilad ver axerxebT sxva pasuxis gacemas. 4-5 pasuxSi `b~ SeiZleba iyos ara umetes erTisa. araviTar SemTxvevaSi upasuxod ar datovoT arc erTi kiTxva. zogierTi kiTxva SesaZloa TqvenTvis arc Tu Sesaferisi iyos, magram SeecadeT maSinac zusti pasuxi moZebnoT. zogierTi kiTxva SeiZleba Zalian intimurad mogeCvenoT, magram dagverwmuneT, pasuxebi sxvebisaTvis xelmisawvdomi ar iqneba. maTi gaSifvra moxdeba specialuri gasaRebis saSualebiT, romelic unda iyos konsultantTan. amasTan, dagverwmuneT, rom calkeul kiTxvebze Tqveni pasuxi aravis mier ar iqneba gaSifruli. Cven gvainteresebs mxolod saboloo ricxviTi maCvenebeli, romelic pasuxebis furclis mTliani gaSifvris Sedegad miiReba. pasuxebi rac SeiZleba gulwrfeli unda iyos. nu SeecdebiT Tqveni pasuxebiT CvenSi Tqvenze kargi STabeWdilebis Seqmnas. pasuxi sinamdviles unda Seesatyvisebodes da ara imas, rogori warmodgena gindaT rom Tqvens Sesaxeb hqondeT sxvebs.~

1.

2.

3.

4.

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masala:
1. kargad gavige am kiTxvaris instruqcia: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 2. mzad var, gulwrfelad vupasuxo kiTxvebs: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 3. agarakisaTvis binis daqiravebas vamjobinebdi: a) xalxmraval adgilas; b) raRac saSualos vamjobinebdi; c) ganmartoebiT, tyeSi. 4. me maqvs sakmarisi Zala, rom winaaRmdegoba gavuwio cxovrebiseul siZneleebs: a) yovelTvis; b) rogorc wesi; c) iSviaTad. 5. garkveuli cxovelebis danaxvisas raRac SiSi mipyrobs, maSinac ki, roca isini saimedod arian galiaSi gamoketilni: a) diax; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) ara. 6. me adamianebisa da maTi Sexedulebebis kritikisgan Tavs vikaveb: a) diax; b) zogjer; c) ara. 7. me gamaCnia iseTi Tvisebebi, romlebiTac sxvebze maRla vdgevar: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara.

99

8. me miyvars Cemi saqmianobis droulad dagegmva da mis Sesatyvisad moqmedeba: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 9. mezoblis bavSvebis seriozul Cxubs rom Seveswro: a) ar Cavereodi, dae, TviTon morigdnen; b) ar vici ras movimoqmedebdi; c) Sevecdebodi maT davaSi garkvevas. 10. krebebze da Tavyrilobebze: a) advilad vaxerxeb Tavis gamoCenas; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) mirCevnia ganze yofna. 11. vamjobinebdi memuSava: a) inJiner-konstruqtorad; b) ar vici, ras vamjobinebdi; c) dramaturgad. 12. CemTvis iolia davemorCilo brZanebebs maSinac ki, roca maTi siswore CemTvis saeWvoa: a) diax, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi ar iqneba wesrigi; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) ara, es CemTvis Znelia, Tumca vici, rom saWiroa. 13. Cveulebriv mSvidad vitan TviTkmayofil adamianebs, maSinac ki, roca isini trabaxiT an sxva formiT gamoxataven did warmodgenas TavianT Tavze: a) diax; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) ara. 14. rodesac caze Rrublebs vaTvaliereb: a) me vfiqrob amindze; b) ar vici, ra vupasuxo; c) maTSi vxedav sxvadasxva gamosaxulebebs.

100

15. mimaCnia, rom yvelaze mosawyeni yoveldRiuri samuSaoc ki bolomde unda iqnas miyvanili, Tundac geCvenebodes, rom amis aucilebloba ar aris: a) Tanaxma var; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) ar var Tanaxma. 16. me varCevdi iseTi samuSaosTvis momekida xeli: a) romelic karg Semosavals iZleva, magram SeiZleba ar iyos mudmivi; b) ar vici ras avirCevdi; c) mirCevnia mudmivi, Tundac saSualo Semosavliani samuSao. 17. Cemi grZnobebis Sesaxeb vlaparakob: a) mxolod aucilebel SemTxvevaSi; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) siamovnebiT, rogorc ki amis SesaZlebloba meZleva. 18. zogjer, mec ki ar vici ratom, uecari SiSis an gaurkveveli wuxilis grZnoba mipyrobs: a) diax; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) ara. 19. roca daumsaxureblad makritikeben: a) Tavs udanaSaulod vgrZnob; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) mainc danaSaulis erTgvari grZnoba mipyrobs. 20. samsaxurSi met sirTules urTierTobisas, romlebic: vawydebi iseT adamianebTan

a) uars amboben muSaobis Tanamedrove meTodebis gamoyenebaze; b) miWirs pasuxis gacema; c) cdiloben raRac Secvalon im samuSaoze, romelic isedac kargad midis. 21. gadawyvetilebis miRebisas vxelmZRvanelob: a) gulis karnaxiT; b) rogorc gulis, aseve gonebis karnaxiT; c) gonebis karnaxiT. 101

22. adamianebi ufro bednierebi iqnebodnen, met dros rom atarebdnen megobrebTan: a) diax; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) ara. 23. momavlis gegmebs rom vadgen, xSirad vimedovneb, rom gamimarTlebs: a) diax; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) ara. 24. laparakis dros midrekileba maqvs: a) maSinve vTqva is, rac TavSi momiva; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) jer kargad movifiqro saTqmeli. 25. maSinac ki, roca gacofebuli var, Zalian swrafad vmSviddebi: a) diax; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) ara. 26. Tanabari xangrZlivobis samuSao droisa da anazRaurebis pirobebSi me vamjobinebdi vyofiliyavi: a) durgali; b) ar vici ras vamjobinebdi; c) oficianti pirveli klasis restoranSi. 27. me mimuSavia arCeviT Tanamdebobebze: a) arasodes; b) ramdenimejer; c) mravaljer. 28. sityva bari iseTive mimarTebaSia sityva dana sityvasTan: a) mWreli; b) Wra; c) lesva. sityvasTan barva, rogorc

102

29. zogjer raRac akviatebuli azri ar maZlevs daZinebis saSualebas: a) diax; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) ara. 30. cxovrebaSi, Cveulebriv, vaRwev dasaxul mizans: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 31. moZvelebuli kanoni unda Seicvalos: a) mxolod safuZvliani ganxilvis Semdeg; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) dauyovnebliv. 32. miZneldeba iseTi saqmis keTeba, romelic swraf gadawyvetas saWiroebs da romelsac SeuZlia, zegavlena moaxdinos adamianebze: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 33. nacnobTa umravlesoba mxiarul Tanamosaubred mTvlis: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 34. rodesac vxedav usufTao, mouwesrigebel adamianebs: a) es ar maRelvebs; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) isini CemSi usiamovnebisa da zizRis grZnobas iwveven. 35. cota vibnevi, roca moulodnelad aRmovCndebi yuradRebis centrSi: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 36. yovelTvis didi siamovnebiT vuerTdebi did Tavyrilobas, magaliTad, megobrebTan erTad gamarTul saRamoebs, cekvebsa Tu saintereso sazogadoebriv RonisZiebebs:

103

a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 37. skolaSi upiratesobas vaniWebdi: a) musikis gakveTilebs; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) Sromis gakveTilebs. 38. rodesac makisreben sapasuxismgeblo saqmes, maSin moviTxov Cemi gankargulebebis mkacr Sesrulebas, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi uars vambob dakisrebul valdebulebebze: a) diax; b) sworea raRac saSualo; c) ara. 39. zogierTi sakiTxis mimarT Zalian myari pozicia gamaCnia: a) yovelTvis; b) xandaxan; c) arasodes. 40. mainteresebs adamianebi, romlebic bevr rameSi ar meTanxmebian da romlebTanac SeiZleba kamaTi: a) diax; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) ara. 41. sazogadoebaSi Tu vinme xmamaRla icinois da bevrs laparakobs, es niSnavs, rom: a) is sicocxliT savse adamiania; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) mas ar SeuZlia Tavis daWera. 42. varCevdi urTierToba mqondes zrdilobian da delikatur adamianebTan, vidre saqme daviWiro uxeS, pirSimTqmel pirovnebebTan: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara.

104

43.

rodesac xalxis mTrgunavs:

TandaswrebiT

maZleven

SeniSvnas,

es

saSinlad

a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 44. rodesac ufrosi TavisTan mibarebs: a) viyeneb am SemTxvevas, rom vTxovo mas rac mWirdeba; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) vRelav, vaiTu raRac ise ver gavakeTe. 45. uxerxulobas vgrZnob, roca Cemi Sexeduleba wakiTxul wignze an nanax kinofilmze sazogadod miRebul Sexedulebas ar emTxveva: a) diax; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) ara. 46. sanam Cems mosazrebas gamovTqvamde: a) vcdilob gavigo sxvebis mosazreba; b) Zneli saTqmelia; c) ar veZeb xelsayrel moments. 47. rodesac vswavlobdi me-8_11 klasebSi, monawileobas viRebdi skolis sportul cxovrebaSi: a) iSviaTad; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) sakmaod xSirad. 48. saxlSi vicav mkacr wesrigs da yovelTvis vici sad ra devs: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 49. rodesac davfiqrdebi imaze, Tu ra SeiZleba moxdes mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi, xSirad mRelvareba mipyrobs: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara.

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50.

xSirad eWvi mipyrobs: adamianebs romlebsac vesaubrebi, sinamdvileSi ainteresebT Tu ara is, razedac me vlaparakob: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara.

51. arCevis SesaZlebloba rom mqonoda, vamjobinebdi vyofiliyavi: a) bunebis mkvlevari; b) ar vici, ras avirCevdi; c) sazogado moRvawe. 52. dabadebis dReebsa da sxva dResaswaulebze: a) miyvars saCuqrebis mirTmeva; b) miWirs pasuxis gacema; c) vTvli, rom saCuqris yidva sakmaod arasasiamovno procesia. 53. sityva daRlili iseTive rogorc amayi sityvasTan: a) Rimili; b) warmateba; c) bednieri. 54. mocemuli sityvebidan romeli ar Seesabameba or danarCens: a) sanTeli; b) mTvare; c) naTura. 55. Cemi megobrebi: a) arasodes micrueben imeds; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) xSirad ar mimarTleben imeds. 56. me adamianebs vaZlev mZafr kritikul SeniSvnebs, Tu mimaCnia, rom isini amas imsaxureben: a) xSirad; b) iSviaTad; c) arasodes. 57. rodesac raime mwyins, gancdebis dafarvas: yvelanairad vcdilob sxvebisgan Cemi mimarTebaSia sityvasTan muSaoba,

106

a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 58. visurvebdi mevlo kinoSi an sxva gasarTob adgilebSi: a) xSirad, vidre kviraSi erTxel; b) saSualod, kviraSi erTxel; c) iSviaTad, vidre kviraSi erTxel. 59. vfiqrob, rom qcevaSi piradi Tavisufleba ufro mniSvnelovania, vidre kargi manerebi da sazogadoebrivi eTikis dacva: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 60. Cemze ufro cnobil adamianebTan (Cems ufrosebTan, didi gamocdilebis an maRali mdgomareobis mqone pirebTan) maxasiaTebs moridebuloba: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 61. miWirs raimes moyola adamianTa didi jgufisa da auditoriis winaSe: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 62. kargi orientaciis unari maqvs ucnob garemoSi. advilad vagneb horizontis mxareebs (CrdiloeTs, samxreTs, dasavleTsa da aRmosavleTs): a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 63. vinme rom ganmirisxdes: a) vecdebi mis damSvidebas; b) ar vici ras movimoqmedebdi; c) es gamoiwvevs Cems gaRizianebas.

107

64. Tu adamians gulaxdilad davelaparakebiT, is arasodes ganawyendeba, Tundac yvelaferi sasiamovno ar iyos misTvis: a) sworia; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ar aris swori. 65. Cveni dro moiTxovs: a) disciplinirebul da keTilsindisier adamianebs; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) romantikosebsa da enTuziastebs. 66. zogjer ucxo adamianebs maTi Txovnis gareSec vesaubrebi, Cemi azriT, mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 67. Wamis procesi me did siamovnebas maniWebs da ar vaqcev yovelTvis yuradRebas Cems manerebs, rogorc amas sxva adamianebi akeTeben: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 68. aris periodebi, roca aravis naxva ar minda: a) Zalian iSviaTad; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) xSirad. 69. zogjer mimiTiTeben, rom Cemi xma da moqmedeba aSkarad avlens Cems mRelvarebas: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 70. rodesac mozardi viyavi da Cemi Sexeduleba ar emTxveoda Cemi mSoblebis Sexedulebas, me Cveulebriv: a) vrCebodi Cems azrze; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) vuTmobdi, vemorCilebodi maT avtoritets.

108

71. vamjobinebdi vmuSaobde calke oTaxSi da ara Cems kolegebTan erTad: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 72. visurvebdi myudrod centrSi yofnas: cxovrebas, vidre gamudmebiT yuradRebis

a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 73. CemSi aris iseTi ram, rac safuZvels mowiful adamianad CavTvalo: a) sworia; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 74. kritika umravlesobis mxridan, ufro makargvinebs wonasworobas, vidre mexmareba: a) xSirad; b) iSviaTad; c) arasodes. 75. yovelTvis SemiZlia mkacri kontroli gavuwio Cemi grZnobebis gamovlenas: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 76. maRizianeben realobisgan monavarde adamianebi: a) Zalian; b) saSualod; c) ara. 77. sityva gakvirveba iseTive mimarTebaSia araCveulebrivi, rogorc sityva SiSi sityvasTan: a) mamaci; b) mousvenari; sityvasTan mowyvetili, ocnebis RrublebSi maZlevs Tavi savsebiT

109

c) saSineli. 78. mocemuli wiladebidan romeli ar Seesabameba or danarCens: a) 3/7; b) 3/9; c) 3/11. 79. meCveneba, rom zogierTi adamiani gamirbis da Cems ignorirebas axdens, Tumca ar vici ratom: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 80. adamianebi Cems mimarT nakleb keTilganwyobas iCenen, vidre Cemi maTdami keTili damokidebulebiT vimsaxureb: a) Zalian xSirad; b) iSviaTad; c) arasodes. 81. rodesac xelmZRvanelis roli mekisreba: a) merideba da vibnevi; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) Zalebis moWarbebas vgrZnob.

82. ufro naklebi megobrebi myavs, vidre adamianTa umravlesobas: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 83. miyvars xmaurian da mxiarul adgilebSi yofna: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 84. me araseriozul adamianad pirovnebadac mTvlian: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 110 micnoben, Tumca sasiamovno

85. sazogadoebaSi yofnisas vRelav, Tumca es Relva sul sxvaa, vidre msaxiobis aRelveba scenaze gasvlis win: a) sakmaod xSirad; b) iSviaTad; c) TiTqmis arasodes. 86. rodesac vimyofebi vkmayofildebi imiT, saSualebas vaZlev: adamianTa rom ganze patara vdgavar jgufSi, umetesad da sxvebs saubris

a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 87. ufro momwons kiTxva: a) mZafri politikuri da samxedro konfliqtebis realisturi aRweris; b) ar vici ra avirCevdi; c) romanis, romelic warmosaxvasa da grZnobebs aRagznebs. 88. rodesac cdiloben, TavianT nebaze mataron, me, piriqiT, yvelafers ukuRma vakeTeb: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 89. Tu Cemi ufrosoba da ojaxis wevrebi raimes msayveduroben, es, rogorc wesi, saqmes exeba: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 90. me ar maRizianebs zogierTi adamianis Cveva quCaSi an maRaziaSi urcxvad miaSterdes gamvlel-gamomvlels: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) maRizianebs. 91. vinmesTan erTad mgzavrobis dros SesaZlebelia: a) ise gaverTo saubriT, rom verc SevamCnio sad var; 111

b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) yovelTvis Tvals vadevneb imas, Tu sad var. 92. xumrobebSi sikvdilis Sesaxeb araferia ukulturo an cudi: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 93. Tu Cemi nacnobebi cudad damokidebulebas Cemdami: meqcevian da ar faraven TavianT

a) es sruliad ar maRelvebs; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) es me mTrgunavs. 94. Tavs uxerxulad vgrZnob, roca kompliments meubnebian an pirSi maqeben: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 95. adamians ara aqvs ufleba, gamovides koleqtividan, Tundac maSin, roca koleqtivi misi winaaRmdegia: a) sworia; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) ar aris swori. 96. miadvildeba rTuli sakiTxis an problemis gadaWra: a) rodesac mas sxvebTan erTad gavarCev; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) rodesac masze damoukideblad vmuSaob. 97. siamovnebiT vmonawileob sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi da sxvadasxva komisiebis muSaobaSi: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 98. raime samuSaos Sesrulebisas ar SemiZlia damSvideba, sanam ar gaviTvaliswineb yvelaze umniSvnelo detalsac ki: a) diax; 112

b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 99. zogjer umniSvnelo winaaRmdegobac ki Zalian maRizianebs: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 100. Rrma Zili maqvs, ZilSi arasodes vlaparakob: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 101. sayofacxovrebo momsaxureobis CemTvis saintereso iqneboda: sferoSi muSaobis SemTxvevaSi,

a) saubari damkveTebTan an momxmareblebTan; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) sxvadasxva dokumentaciisa da aRricxvis warmoeba. 102. sityva zoma iseTive mimarTebaSia sityvasTan sigrZe, rogorc upatiosno sityvasTan: a) cixe; b) codvili; c) qurdi. 103. ab iseTive mimarTebaSia dg-sTan, rogorc sr: a) po; b) op; c) tu. 104. roca vxvdebi sazogadoebaSi, romelsac sakuTari moraluri normebi da qcevis formebi aqvs SemuSavebuli da sadac dasaSvebia ucenzuro sityvebis xmareba, me vibnevi: a) diax; b) sworia, raRac saSualo; c) ara. 105. rodesac musikas vusmen da vinme xmamaRla laparakobs: a) es me xels ar miSlis, SemiZlia guldasmiT usmino;

113

b) sworia, raRac saSualo; c) yovelgvar siamovnebas mikargavs da maRizianebs. 106. vfiqrob, marTali iqneboda Cemze rom eTqvaT: a) Tavaziani da wynaria; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) energiuli da saqmis bolomde mimyvania. 107. vfiqrob, rom: a) unda icxovro principiT: meti dro saqmes, naklebi _ garTobas b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) unda icxovro mxiarulad, araa aucilebeli bevri ifiqro xvalindel dReze. 108. ukeTesia iyo windaxeduli da elodo cotas, vidre winaswar gixarodes da elodo yovelTvis warmatebas: a) Tanaxma var; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ar var Tanaxma. 109. rodesac Cavufiqrdebi Cems samuSaosTan dakavSirebul siZneleebs: a) me vcdilob, winaswar Sevadgino am siZneleTa daZlevis gegma; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) vfiqrob, davZlev maSin, roca Tavs iCenen. 110. advilad veguebi yovelgvar sazogadoebas: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 111. rodesac saWiroa cotaodeni diplomatia da raimeSi adamianebi, Cveulebriv, me mommarTaven: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 112. CemTvis saintereso iqneboda: a) konsultacia gavuwio axalgazrdebs, davexmaro maT profesiis arCevaSi; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; 114 unari daajeron

c) vimuSao inJiner-ekonomistad. 113. rodesac darwmunebuli var, rom adamiani usamarTlod da egoisturad iqceva, ar vumalav mas amis Sesaxeb, usiamovnebac rom melodes: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 114. rodesac adamianebi sulelurad iqcevian: a) me mSvidad vfiqrob: Secdomebze iswavlian; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) vnerviulob da vcdilob Caverio maT saqmeSi. 115. me siamovnebiT vimuSavebdi gazeTebSi Teatraluri speqtaklebis, koncertebisa da a.S. mimomxilvelad: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 116. rodesac didxans mixdeba jdoma Cumad da umoZraod, arasodes miCndeba moTxovnileba, rom vxato raime an vimoZrao skamze: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 117. Tu Cemi Canafiqris ganxorcielebas xeli eSleba mxolod adamianebisa da ara obieqturi pirobebis gamo, me vamjobineb vimoqmedo Canafiqris Sesabamisad: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 118. raime sasjelis molodinis winaTgrZnoba miCndeba maSinac ki, roca cudi araferi Camidenia: a) xSirad; b) zogjer; c) arasodes. 119. Tu vici, rom ver vasruleb Cems danapirebs obieqturi da sapatio mizezis gamo:

115

a) me SemiZlia damSvidebiT vilaparako am mizezebze; b) ar vici, ra vupasuxo; c) me mainc Zlier uxerxulobas vgrZnob, vinaidan damnaSaved CamTvalon. 120. vfiqrob, rom saqmis interesebidan gamomdinare, Tanamdebobebze adamianebi unda icvlebodnen: a) regularulad; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) damokidebulia avtoritetze. 121. Tanabari xelfasis pirobebSi varCevdi: a) individualuri samuSaos Sesrulebas saxlSi; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) muSaobas dawesebuleba-warmoebaSi. 122. raime saqmis keTebas vamjobinebdi: a) sxvebTan erTad, koleqtivSi; b) ar vici, ras avirCevdi; c) damoukideblad.

SeiZleba

arCeviT

123. arsebobs periodi, rodesac Znelia ar Segecodos sakuTari Tavi: a) xSirad; b) zogjer; c) arasodes. 124. adamianebs gamoyvana: Zalian swrafad SeuZliaT wonasworobidan Cemi

a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 125. yovelTvis SemiZlia, gansakuTrebuli siZneleebis gareSe moviSoro Zveli Cveulebebi da arasodes davubrunde maT: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 126. sazeimo elferi da organizebuloba aucileblad unda axldes yovelgvar ceremonials: 116

a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 127. sityva ukeTesi iseTive mimarTebaSia sityvasTan yvelaze cudi, rogorc ufro neli sityvasTan: a) swrafi; b) saukeTeso; c) uswrafesi. 128. niSanTa Semdegi Tanmimdevrobidan mocemuli rigi: X0000XX000XXX... a) 0XXX; b) 00XX; c) X000. 129. rodesac imis ganxorcielebis dro dgeba, rac winaswar mqonda dagegmili da rasac velodebodi, zogjer vgrZnob, rom ar SemiZlia amis gakeTeba: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 130. Cveulebriv, SemiZlia vimuSao gulmodgined mivaqcio Cems irgvliv adamianTa xmaurs: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 131. zogjer adamianebs iseT sakiTxebze velaparakebi, rac me mniSvnelovnad mimaCnia, miuxedavad imisa, mekiTxebian amis Sesaxeb Tu ara: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 132. me bevr dros vuTmob megobrebTan saubars im sasimovno movlenebis Sesaxeb, romlebic Cven erTad gangvicdia: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; da yuradReba ar romelma unda gaagrZelos

117

c) ara. 133. siamovnebas maniWebs raime sariskos gakeTeba, mxolod garTobis mizniT: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara.

134. Zalian maRizianebs daulagebel oTaxSi yofna: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 135. Tavs vTvli xalxTan urTierTobis moyvarul adamianad: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 136. xalxTan urTierTobisas: a) ar vcdilob Cemi grZnobebis dafarvas; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) vfarav Cems grZnobebs. 137. miyvars musika: a) msubuqi, cocxali, emociurad nakleb datvirTuli; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) emociurad datvirTuli, sentimentaluri. 138. leqsis mSveniereba ufro mxiblavs, vidre iaraRis silamaze da srulyofileba: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 139. Tu Cemi marTebuli SeniSvna SeumCneveli darCa: a) me aRar gavimeoreb mas; b) miWirs pasuxis gacema; c) me gavimeoreb Cems SeniSvnas.

118

140.

visurvebdi TavdebiT damnaSavesTan muSaobas: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara.

ganTavisuflebul

arasrulwlovan

141. CemTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania: a) SevinarCuno kargi damokidebuleba adamianebTan; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) Tavisuflad gamovxato Cemi grZnobebi. 142. turistul mogzaurobisas specialistebis mier Sedgenili programis dacvas vamjobinebdi, vidre TviTon Semedgina Cemi marSruti: a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara. 143. guls mtkens adamianebis daudevrad wamosrolili xumrobebi: a) xSirad; b) xandaxan; c) iSviaTad. 144. me ar miZneldeba adamianisadmi madlobis formis gamonaxva: a) sworia; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ar aris swori. 145. saswrafo da pasuxsagebi gadawyvetilebis gamotanis saWiroebisas siZneleebs vawydebi, radgan miWirs azrebis mokreba: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 146. sakuTari saqmeebis dagegmvas vamjobinebdi TviTon, sxvisi Carevisa da rCevis gareSe: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara.

119

147. zogjer Suris grZnoba gavlenas axdens Cems qcevaze: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 148. maSinac ki, roca saCqarod wasasvleli var, TiToeuli nivTis Tavis adgilebze ganlageba: a) diax; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) ara. 149. nerviulobas viwyeb, roca viTvaliswineb yovelive imas, rac melis: a) diax; b) zogjer; c) ara. 150. romelime TamaSSi monawileobisas garSemo myofni Tu xmamaRla gamoTqvamen TavianT mosazrebebs, me wonasworobidan gamovdivar: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 151. Cemi azriT, sainteresoa iyo: a) mxatvari; b) ar vici ras vamjobinebdi; c) Teatris an kinostudiis direqtori. 152. mocemuli sityvebidan romeli ar Seesatyviseba danarCen ors: a) romelime; b) ramodenime; c) didi nawili. 153. sityva ali iseT vardi sityvasTan: a) ekali; b) wiTeli furceli; c) suni. 154. iseT amaRelvebel sizmrebs vxedav, rom meRviZeba: mimarTebaSia sityvasTan sicxe, rogorc ar miZneldeba

120

a) xSirad; b) iSviaTad; c) praqtikulad arasdros. 155. maSinac ki, rodesac mravali ram eRobeba Cemi wamowyebis warmatebiT dasrulebas, vTvli, rom riskis gaweva mainc Rirs: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 156. momwons situaciebi, romelSic Cemda uneburad xelmZRvanelis rolSi aRmovCndebi-xolme, radgan yvelaze ukeTesad vici, Tu ra unda akeTos xelmZRvanelma: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 157. vamjobinebdi Camecva ise, rogorc originalurad da TvalSi sacemad: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 158. sayvareli saqmianobaSi gatarebuli saRamo ufro momwons, vidre mxiaruli wveuleba: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 159. zogjer adamianebis keTil rCevebs ugulebelvyof, Tumca vici, ase ar unda viqceode: a) iSviaTad; b) ar mgonia odesme; c) arasodes. 160. gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, aucileblad mimaCnia gaviTvaliswino qcevis ZiriTadi normebi: ra aris kargi da ra aris cudi a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. icvams yvela, vidre

121

161. ar momwons, roca miyureben, Tu rogor vmuSaob: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 162. Tu koleqtivSi SecdomebisaTvis: miRebulia adamianTa gakicxva maTi

a) me ar gavkicxav; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) me mainc mivemxrobi moTxovnis dacvas. 163. skolaSi upiratesobas vaniWebdi: a) qarTul enas; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) maTematikas. 164. guli mwydeba, roca adamianebi zurgs ukan Cemze daumsaxureblad cuds laparakoben: a) diax; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) ara. 165. laparaki yoveldRiur saWiroebebze: a) ganyenebul msjelobebze mniSvnelovania; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) maRizianebs Tavisi miwierebiTa da prozaulobiT. 166. zogierTi ram CemSi iseT vilaparako amis Sesaxeb: a) diax; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) ara. 167. aRzrdis procesSi mTavaria: a) bavSvi siyvaruliT da zrunviT iyos garemoculi; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) gamovumuSaoT bavSvs sasurveli Cvevebi da unarebi. 168. adamianebi me mTvlian mSvid, nebismier viTarebaSi auRelvebel pirovnebad: 122 risxvas iwvevs, rom mirCevnia ar

a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 169. asakiT Cemze ufrosi adamianebi umetes SemTxvevaSi marTlebi arian, vinaidan maT Cemze meti gamocdileba aqvT: a) sworia; b) ar vici; c) ar aris swori. 170. Sevwuxdebi, Tu vinmes egoneba, axloblebSi miRebul wesebs: a) Zalian; b) saSualod; c) ara. 171. me ukeTesad viTviseb masalas: a) rodesac kargad daweril wigns vkiTxulob; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) rodesac koleqtiur ganxilvaSi viReb monawileobas. 172. rodesac mniSvnelovani gegmis ganxorcielebis procesisadmi interesi mekargeba, xSirad gadavuxvev-xolme am gegmas: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 173. sanam sakuTar mosazrebas gamovTqvamde, vcdilob gaTvaliswinebuli maqvs Tu ara sakiTxis yvela detali: a) diax; b) miZneldeba pasuxis gacema; c) ara. 174. zogjer wvrilmanebi zomaze metad maRizianebs, Tumca ki vici, rom maTze ase ar unda vreagirebde: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. gaviazro rom me ugulebelvyof Cems

123

175. momentis gavleniT xSirad vambob iseT rames, ris gamoc mere vnanob: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 176. CemTvis rom eTxoaT vinmes saCuqrisTvis fulis Segroveba an saiubileo zeimis organizebaSi monawileobis miReba: a) davTanxmdebodi; b) ar vici ras movimoqmedebdi; c) vityodi, rom samwuxarod Zalian dakavebuli var. 177. mocemuli sitvebidan a) farTo; b) zigzagiseburi; c) swori; 178. sityva male iseT mimarTebaSia sityvasTan arasodes, rogorc axlo sityvasTan: a) arsad; b) Sors; c) ganze. 179. Tu raime Secdoma davuSvi sazogadoebaSi, Zalian male viviwyeb: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 180. garSemomyofTaTvis cnobilia, rom me bevri sxvadasxva idea maqvs da TiTqmis yovelTvis SemiZlia SevTavazo maT problemebis gadawyveta: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 181. mirCevnia mqondes samuSao: a) garkveuli da myari anazRaurebiT; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) Cems mondomebaze damokidebuli, ufro maRali anazRaurebis. romeli ar Seesabameba danarCen ors:

124

182. me mTvlian iseT adamianad, visac Zlieri aRfrTovaneba axasiaTebs: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 183. momwons sxvadasxvagvari, cvalebadobasa da mgzavrobasTan dakavSirebuli samuSao, maSinac ki, Tu is cota saxifaToa: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 184. me Zalian punqtualuri var da yovelTvis yvelaferi rac SeiZleba zedmiwevniT Sesruldes: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 185. siamovnebas maniWebs samuSao, keTilsindisierebas moiTxovs: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 186. me mivekuTvnebi iseT adamianTa raRaciT arian dakavebulni: a) diax; b) sworia raRac saSualo; c) ara. 187. keTilsindisierad gamomitovebia: vupasuxe yvela kiTxvas da arcerTi ar ricxvs, romlebic yovelTvis romelic gansakuTrebul moviTxov, rom

a) diax; b) ar var darwmunebuli; c) ara.

125

pasuxebis furceli

a b c
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

a b c
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75

a b c
76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

a b c
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125

a b c
126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150

a b c
151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175

a b c
176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187

a b c

126

Sedegebis damuSaveba da interpretacia:

faqtorebis mixedviT dajgufebuli kiTxvebi A B C E F G H I L M N O Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 3. 26. 27. 51. 52. 76. 101. 126. 151. 176 28. 53. 54. 77. 78. 102. 103. 127. 128. 152. 153. 177. 178 4. 5. 29. 30. 55. 79. 80. 104. 105. 129. 130. 154. 179 6. 7. 31. 32. 56. 57. 81. 106. 131. 155. 156. 180. 181 8. 33. 58. 82. 83. 107. 108. 132. 133. 157. 158. 182. 183 9. 34. 59. 84. 109. 134. 159. 160. 184. 185 10. 35. 36. 60. 61. 85. 86. 110. 111. 135. 136. 161. 186 11. 12. 37. 62. 87. 112. 137. 138. 162. 163 38. 63. 64. 88. 89. 113. 114. 139. 164 14. 15. 39. 40. 65. 90. 91. 115. 116. 140. 141. 165. 166 16. 17. 41. 42. 66. 67. 92. 117. 142. 167 18. 19. 43. 44. 68. 69. 93. 94. 118. 119. 143. 144. 168 20. 21. 45. 46. 70. 95. 120. 145. 169. 170 22. 47. 71. 72. .96. 97. 121. 122. 146. 171 23. 24. 48. 73. 98. 123. 147. 148. 172. 173 25. 49. 50. 74. 75. 99. 100. 124. 125. 174. 175

127

ketelis kiTxvaris gasaRebi

pasuxebi qulebi

a
2
3. 52. 101. 126. 176 152. 177. 178 4. 30. 55. 104. 105. 130. 179 7. 56. 131. 155. 156. 180. 181 33. 58. 83. 132. 133. 182. 183 109. 134. 160. 184. 185 10. 36. 110. 111. 135. 136. 186 12. 37. 112. 138. 163 38. 88. 113. 114. 164 39. 40. 65. 91. 115. 116. 140 17. 42. 117. 142. 167 18. 43. 69. 94. 118. 119. 143 20. 46. 70. 145. 169

b
1
3. 26. 27. 51. 52. 76. 101. 126. 151. 176 28. 53. 54. 78. 103. 128 4. 5. 29. 30. 55. 79. 80. 104. 105. 129. 130. 154. 179 6. 7. 32. 33. 56. 57. 81. 106. 131. 155. 156. 180. 181 8. 33. 58. 82. 83. 107. 108. 132. 133. 157. 158. 182. 183 9. 34. 59. 84. 109. 134. 159. 160. 184. 185 10. 35. 36. 60. 61. 85. 86. 110. 111. 135. 136. 161. 186 11. 12. 37. 62. 87. 112. 138. 137. 162. 163 13. 38. 63. 64. 88. 89. 113. 114. 139. 164 14. 15. 39. 40. 65. 90. 91. 115. 116. 140. 141. 165. 166 16. 17. 41. 42. 66. 67. 92. 117. 142. 167 18. 19. 43. 44. 68. 69. 93. 94. 118. 119. 143. 144. 168 20. 21. 45. 46. 70. 95. 120. 145. 169. 170 22. 47. 71. 72. 96. 97. 121. 122. 146. 171 23. 24. 48. 73. 98. 123. 147. 148. 172. 173 25. 49. 50. 74. 75. 99. 100. 124. 125. 149. 150. 174. 175

c
2
26. 27. 51. 76. 151 77. 102. 127. 153 5. 29. 79. 80. 129. 154 6. 31. 57. 32. 81. 106 8. 82. 107. 108. 157. 158 9. 34. 59. 84. 159 35. 60. 61. 85. 86. 161 11. 62. 87. 137. 162 13. 63. 64. 89. 139 14. 15. 90. 141. 165. 166 16. 41. 66. 67. 92 19. 44. 68. 93. 144. 168 21. 45. 95. 120. 170 22. 96. 97. 121. 122 23. 24. 123. 147. 172 25. 75. 100. 125. 150. 175

A B* C E F f a q t o r e b i G H I L M N O Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
*

47. 70. 72. 146. 171

48. 73. 98. 148. 173 49. 50. 74. 99. 124. 149. 174

Q SeniSvna: B faqtoris pasuxis yvela varianti fasdeba erTi quliT.

128

pirveladi Sefasebebidan standartul SefasebebSi (stenebSi) gadasayvani cxrili

Zalian dabali steni dabali saSualo saSualoze maRali maRali

1
faqtori

2
6 4 7 6-7 4-5 5-6 3-4 5 6 7-8 3-4 5-6 6-7 4-5 4-5 6-7

3
7 5 8-9 8-9 6-7 7 5-6 6-7 7 9-10 5 7 8 6 6 8-9

4
8-9 6-7 10-11 10-11 8-10 8-9 7-9 8-9 8-9 11 6-7 8-9 9-10 7-8 7-8 10-12

5
10 8 12-13 12-14 11-13 10-11 10-12 10-11 10 12-13 8 10-13 11-12 9-10 9-10 13-15

6
11-12 9 14-16 15-16 14-15 12-13 13-15 12-13 11-12 14-15 9-10 14-15 13-14 11-12 11-12 16-18

7
13-14 10 17-18 17-18 16-17 14-15 16-18 14-15 13-14 16-17 11 16-17 15-16 13-14 13 19-20

8
15 10 19-20 19-20 18-19 16 19 16 15 18 12-13 18-19 17 15 14 21-22

9
16-17 11 21 21-22 20-22 17-18 20-21 17-18 16 19 14-15 20-21 18 16-17 15-16 23-24

10
18-20 12-13 22-23 23-26 23-26 19-20 22-26 19-20 17-20 20-26 16-20 22-25 19-20 18-20 17-20 25-26

A B C E F G H I L M N O Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

0-5 0-3 0-6 0-5 0-3 0-4 0-2 0-4 0-5 0-6 0-2 0-4 0-5 0-3 0-3 0-5

f a q t o r e b i inteleqtualuri faqtorebi (B, M, Q1)

zogadi inteleqti ( B faqtori) 1-3 steni. zogadi inteleqtis dabali done. axali masalis aTvisebis unari Seferxebulia. 4-6 steni. zogadi inteleqtis saSualo done. konkretuli azrovneba.

7 steni. abstraqtuli azrovneba, inteleqtualurad ganviTarebuli. 129

8-10 steni. inteleqtis zogadi done maRali. gansxvavebul sferoebSi muSaobisas xasiaTdeba maRali efeqturobiT.

meocnebe-praqtikuli ( M-faqtori) 1-3 steni. praqtikuli inteleqti. eqstremalur situaciaSi iRebs sando gadawyvetilebebs. 4-6 steni. praqtikuli, komunikabeluri. orientacia realur gare faqtorebze. 7 steni. xasiaTdeba ganviTarebuli warmosaxviT. meocnebe. naklebad praqtikuli. 8-10 steni. originaluri, Taviseburi qceva. arapraqtikuli. realur movlenebs afasebs subieqturad.

moqnili - rigiduli (Q1 faqtori) 1-3 steni. konservatuli, konformuli stereotipebSi, negatiuri reaqcia inovaciebze. 4-6 steni. rigiduli, orientacia tradiciebsa da qcevis arsebul normebze, siaxleebisadmi indeferentuli. 7 steni. azrovnebaSi liberaluri, arastereotipuli, fleqsiburi. 8-10 steni. azrovnebaSi moqnili, fleqsiburi. avlens interess siaxleebisa da eqsperimentebis mimarT.

emociur-nebelobiTi faqtorebi (C, I, O, G, Q3, Q4)

emociuri mdgradoba 1-3 steni. emociurad situaciaSi. ( C faqtori)

gauwonasworebeli. advilad Riziandeba nebismier male iRleba. xasiaTdeba dabali stresgamZleobiT. 130

midrekilia darRveva, midrekilia ususurad. yuradRebas

nevrotuli simptomatikisken ( SiSebi, Zilis reJimis fsiqosomaturi darRvevebi) emociebs ver akontrolebs, impelsuri qcevisaken. eqstremalur situaciaSi Tavs grZnobs uZluria sirTuleebis winaSe. gadaWarbebulad amaxvilebs sakuTari janmrTelobis mdgomareobaze.

4-6 steni. emociurad arasakmarisad gaRizianebadobisaken.

mdgradi.

midrekilia

frustraciisa

da

7 steni. emociurad mdgradi(gawonasworebuli). akontrolebs sakuTar emociebs. ar aris midrekili nevrotuli reaqciebisken. xasiaTdeba stabiluri interesebiT. 8-10 steni. emociurad gawonasworebuli. mSvidi, auRelvebeli. xasiaTdeba maRali stresgamZleobiT. eqstremalur situaciaSi inarCunebs simSvides. ar aRiniSneba nevrotuli reaqciebi. aqvs stabiluri interesebi. icavs moralur normebs.

emociuri mgrZnobiarobis faqtori (I faqtori) 1-3 steni. mkacri, realisturi, moRvaweobisaken.

mxne.

jgufs

warmarTavs

praqtikuli

4-6 steni. praqtikuli, mxne, realisturi. 7 steni. mgrZnobiare, sxvaze damokidebuli, arapraqtikuli.

SfoTianobis faqtori ( O-faqtori) 1-3 steni. xasiaTdeba dabali SfoTianobiT. zedmetad Tavdajerebuli, ris gamoc, xSirad obieqturad ver afasebs situacias da ar iTvaliswinebs garSemomyofTa Sefasebebs. 4-6 steni. SfoTvis optimaluri done. mSvidi, Tavdajerebuli. 7 steni. maRali SfoTianoba, rac gamoixateba mousvenrobasa da sakuTari Zalebisadmi daurwmuneblobaSi. 8-10 steni. 131

Zalian maRali SfoTianoba, rac gamoixateba Sinagan mousvenrobasa da RelvaSi. kritikisadmi gadaWarbebulad mgrZnobiare. araefeqturad muSaobs jgufSi. midrekilia fsiqopaturi reaqciebisaken.

pasuxismgebloba, organizebulobis faqtori ( G faqtori ) 4-6 steni. aqvs meryevi xasiaTi. movaleobis Sesustebuli grZnoba. yovel situaciaSi eZebs gamorCenas. ar aRiarebs sayovelTaod miRebul normebs. 7 steni. keTilsindisieri. gulmodgine. pasuxismgeblobis grZnobis mqone. 8-10 steni. Tamamad iRebs pasuxismgelobas sakuTar Tavze. efeqturad muSaobs situaciebSi, romlebic moiTxoven gulmodginebasa da mtkice nebisyofas. Sromismoyvare. mkacrad icavs moralur principebs. keTilsindisieri. xSirad, profesiul Rirebulebebs upiratesobas aniWebs piradul interesebTan SedarebiT.

TviTkontrolis faqtori

( Q 3- faqtori )

4-6.steni. Sesustebuli TviTkontroli. udardeli. arakoreqtuli. 7 steni. ganviTarebuli TviTkontroli. nebisyofiani. gulmodgine. 8-10 steni. maRali TviTkontroli. saqmiani. mizandasaxuli. praqtikuli. mzad aris obieqturad gadaWras profesiuli da cxovrebiseuli problemebi.

frustrirebulobis faqtori ( Q4 faqtori) 1-3 steni. apaTiuri, moSvebuli, uiniciativo, rac rezultaturobis mizezi samuSao adgilze. 4-5-6-steni. relaqsirebuli, mSvidi, gawonasworebuli. 7 steni. daZabuli, mouTmeneli, mousvenari. 8-10 steni.

SeiZleba

gaxdes

dabali

132

daZabuli, aRgznebuli, mouTmeneli. advilad iRleba, magram mainc avlens aqtiurobas. midrekilia iyos zedmetad aqtiuri da kritikuli xelmZRvanelobisa da dadgenili qcevis normebisadmi.

komunikaciuri faqtorebi (A, E, N, Q2, L, H, F)

K komunikabeloba mcire jdufebSi (A faqtori) 1-3 steni. adamianebTan urTierTobebSi emociurad imuSaos marto. gaurbis kompromisebs.

civi,

skeptikuri.

urCevnia

4-6 steni. adamianebTan urTierTobebSi emociurad TavSekavebuli, civi. 7 steni. adamianebTan urTierTobebSi gulisxmieri, empaTiuri. 8-10 steni. gulisxmieri, keTili, midrekili TanamSromlobisaken, socialur kontaqtebSi. uyvars adamianebTan muSaoba.

aqtiuria

dominantoba - daqvemdebarebulobis faqtori (E-faqtori) 1-3 steni. pasiuri. daqvemdebarebuli. konformuli. ver icavs sakuTar pozicias. eWvi epareba sakuTar SesaZleblobebSi. aseTi pasiuroba damaxasiaTebelia sxvadasxva tipis nevrotuli mdgomareobebisaTvis. 4-6 steni. zomierad dominanturi, damoukidebeli. araagresiuli. arakonformuli. midrekili TanamSromlobisaken. 7 steni. damoukideblad moazrovne. aqtiuri. midrekilia avtonomiurobisaken. 8-10 steni. TviTdarwmunebuli. ar cnobs avtoritetebs. xelmZRvanelobs qcevis sakuTari wesebiT. xandaxan mtruli, agresiuli. energiuli. aqtiuri. miiswrafvis avtonomiurobisaken.

diplomatiuroba socialur urTierTobebSi ( N Ffaqtori) 1-3 steni. adamianebTan urTierTobebSi uxeSi, sworxazovani, aradiplomatiuri. 133

4-6 steni. adamianebTan urTierTobebSi uSualo, pirdapiri, sworxazovani. 8-10 steni. socialur urTierTobebSi Tavaziani, zrdilobiani, daxvewili, kargi manerebiT.

konformulobis faqtori ( Q2 faqtori) 1-3 steni. konformuli. uWirs damoukideblad gadawyvetilebis miReba. 4-6 steni. konformuli, jgufze damokidebuli. 8-10 steni. damoukidebeli, mizandasaxuli, arakonformuli.

adamianebTan urTierTobaSi eWvianoba - ndobis faqtori ( L-faqtori)

1-3 steni. adamianebTan urTierTobaSi miiswrafvis konkurenciisaken.

mimndobi,

Semguebeli,

mzrunveli.

ar

4-5-6 steni. adamianebTan urTierTobaSi keTili, megobruli, gulisxmieri. 7 steni. adamianebTan urTierTobaSi naklebad mimndobi, sakuTar Sexedulebebs. advilad ar tyuvdeba.

iniciativiani.

icavs

8-10 steni. adamianebTan urTierTobaSi eWviani, jiuti. yuradRebas amaxvilebs sakuTar Secdomebze. miiswrafvis konkurenciisa da gamarjvebisaken. aRizianebs sxva adamianTa upiratesoba. cudad muSaobs jgufSi.

aqtivoba socialur kontaqtebSi _ H (Tamami gaubedavi) 4-6 steni. socialur kontaqtebSi stresebis mimarT.

morcxvi,

delikaturi,

naklebad

mdgradi

7-8 steni. socialur kontaqtebSi aqtiuri, Tamami, stresgamZle. 134

9-10 steni. Tamami, avantiuristuli rogorc socialur, ise fizikur aspeqtSi. mwvave SegrZnebebisaken midrekili. male iviwyebs warumateblobas.

adaptirebulobis

faqtori (F - faqtori)

1-2 steni. arasakmarisi motivirebuloba rTul davalebaTa Sesrulebisas. xSirad realurad ver afasebs cvalebad, situaciur moTxovnebs. 3 steni. adaptirebuli garemos mimarT. advilad egueba cvalebad cxovrebiseul da socialur situaciebs. 4-6 steni. xasiaTdeba cvalebad, saSualo maCvenebliT.

situaciur

faqtorTa

mimarT

adaptirebulobis

7 steni. rigiduli. naklebad adaptirebuli garemos cvlilebebis mimarT. 8-10 steni. Zalian dabali adaptirebuloba cvalebad gare faqtorTa mimarT. Zalian dabali stresgamZleoba. maRali SfoTianobis fonze aRiniSneba seriozuli Seferxebebi qcevaSi, gansakuTrebiT eqstremalur situaciebSi. A faqtori: pirovnebebisTvis, romelTac aqvT am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCvenebeli (8-10), damaxasiaTebelia mdidari da naTeli emociuri gamovlinebebi, qcevis bunebrioba, gulisxmiereba, TanamSromlobisadmi mzadyofna, sikeTe da gulCviloba adamianebTan urTierTobisas. isini upiratesobas aniWeben adamianebTan muSaobas, advilad erTvebian aqtiur jgufebSi, guluxvebi arian pirad urTierTobebSi, ar eSiniaT kritikis, kargad ixsomeben saxeebs, movlenebs, gvarebs da saxelebs. am faqtoris dabali maCvenebeli (4-ze naklebi) mowmobs cocxali mRelvare emociebis ar arsebobas. aseTi adamianebi arian civebi, mkacrebi, formalurebi urTierTobisas. isini arian Caketilebi, ar ainteresebT garSemomyofTa cxovreba da gaucxovebulni arian adamianebTan. cdiloben imuSaon marto, gaurbian koleqtiur RonisZiebebs, ar midian kompromisebze. upiratesobas aniWeben sagnebTan, nivTebTan muSaobas, vidre adamianebTan. saqmeSi arian zustni, aqvT movaleobis maRali grZnoba, magram ar arian moqnilni, gansakuTrebiT adamianebis Sefasebisas.

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unda aRiniSnos, rom ar arsebobs kargi da cudi Sefaseba. pirovnebis is maxasiaTeblebi, romlebic ar aris sasurveli saqmianobis erTi sferosTvis, SeiZleba dadebiT maxasiaTeblad iqnes ganxiluli saqmianobis sxva sferoSi. magaliTad, pirovneba, romelsac mocemuli faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCvenebeli aqvs, ufro Seefereba administraciul samuSaos, romelic moiTxovs adamianebTan sistematur urTierTobas, xolo pirovneba, romelsac dabali maCvenebeli aqvs, efeqturad Seasrulebs iseT samuSaoebs, romelic moiTxovs sizustes, akuratulobas, gulmodgined Sesrulebas.

B faqtori: am faqtoris maRali maCvenebeli (7-ze meti) migvaniSnebs, rom pirovnebas aqvs inteleqtualuri ganviTarebis maRali done, abstraqtuli da logikuri azrovnebis kargi unari, swrafad iTvisebs siaxles, aqvs ganaTlebis maRali done. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis (4-ze naklebi) mqone pirovnebas uWirs swavla, Znelad iTvisebs axal informacias, gadawyvetilebebs Rebulobs ufro intuiciaze, vidre logikur msjelobaze dayrdnobiT.

am faqtoris 13 mniSvneloba mianiSnebs inteleqtis dabal doneze, an fsiqopaTologiis Sedegad daqveiTebul funqciebze.

C faqtori: am faqtoris maRali maCvenebeli damaxasiaTebelia emociurad zrdasruli (Camoyalibebuli) pirovnebisaTvis, romelsac SeuZlia Tamamad da pirdapir Sexedos faqtebs; aris wynari, darwmunebuli sakuTar TavSi, sakuTari gegmebis mudmivobaSi. misTvis damaxasiaTebelia maRali emociuri mdgradoba. sagnebs uyurebs realisturad, kargad acnobierebs realobis moTxovnebs, aseve sakuTar naklovanebebs. wvrilmanebs ar aqcevs yuradRebas, icavs qcevis normebsa da wesebs. pirovnebas, romelsac am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCvenebeli aqvs, ar Seswevs sakuTari emociebis kontroli, aris impulsuri, ara aqvs pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba.

roca am faqtoris maCvenebeli 1-3ia, es mianiSnebs pirovnebis Wirveulobaze. igi Sinaganad Tavs grZnobs daRlilad da uunarod gaumklavdes cxovrebiseul sirTuleebs. misTvis ufro damaxasiaTebelia dabali emociuri mdgradoba, midrekileba nevrotizmisken (uZiloba, fsiqo somaturi Civilebi).

136

E faqtori am faqtoris maRali maCvenebeli mowmobs midrekilebas Zalauflebisadmi, dominantobisadmi (liderobisadmi). pirovneba aris damoukidebeli. misTvis damaxasiaTebelia socialuri pirobebisa da avtoritetebis ignorireba. igi moqmedebs gabedulad da energiulad, icavs sakuTar uflebas, rom iyos damoukidebeli da moiTxovs, rom garSemomyofebmac aRiaron misi damoukidebloba. ar cnobs sxvaTa Zalauflebas sakuTar Tavze da konfliqtebSi sxvebs adanaSaulebs. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris damjeri, konformuli, ar SeuZlia sakuTari Tvalsazrisis dacva, emorCileba masze ufro Zlierebs. gzas uTmobs sxvebs, ar sjera sakuTari Tavis, sakuTari SesaZleblobebis, amitom xSirad sxvazea damokidebuli da sxvebis danaSauls TavisTavze iRebs. SeuZlia warmatebiT iswavlos yvela asakobriv jgufSi.

faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCvenebeli (8-10 steni) mianiSnebs, rom pirovnebas cvalebadi gare faqtorebis mimarT Zalian dabali adaptirebis unari gaaCnia da xasiaTdeba Zalian dabali stresgamZleobiT. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali (1-2 steni) maCveneblis mqone pirovnebas rTul davalebaTa Sesasruleblad ar gaaCnia sakmarisi motivacia. uWirs cvalebadi situaciuri moTxovnebis realurad Sefaseba.

G faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovnebisTvis damaxasiaTebelia pasuxismgeblobisa da movaleobis grZnoba, moraluri principebis simyare. aris zusti da akuratuli saqmianobaSi, uyvars wesrigi yvelaferSi, ar arRvevs wesebs da maT asrulebs maSinac ki, roca es wesebi eCveneba metismetad formalurad. misTvis damaxasiaTebelia kargi TviTkontroli da midrekileba icxovros zogadsakacobrio faseulobebiT. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris cvalebadi, SeuZlia advilad miatovos dawyebuli saqme, zarmacia, arakeTilsindisieria, egoistia, gaaCnia dabali moraluri kontroli. agdebulad ekideba moralur Rirebulebebs, matyuara da upatiosnoa.

am faqtoris dabali maCvenebeli aqvT asocialur fsiqopaTebs, damnaSaveebs da dabali moraluri Tvisebebis mqone adamianebs.

137

H faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba stresisadmi gamZlea, uSiSari, mamaci, gambedavi, aqvs riskisadmi da mZafri gancdebisadmi midrekileba. magram uyuradReboa detalebis mimarT, axdens safrTxis signalebis ignorirebas, uyvars bevri laparaki, urTierTobebSi ar ganicdis sirTuleebs, midrekilia aqtiuri urTierTobisken, mowinaaRmdege sqesis warmomadgenlebTan advilad amyarebs kontaqts. ar ibneva moulodnel situaciebSi. swrafad aviwydeba warumatebloba. aseT adamianebs xSirad irCeven liderebad jgufebSi, sadac saqmianoba dakavSirebulia Sejibrebasa da riskTan. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba stresul situaciebSi dabneulia, aqvs metismetad mgrZnobiare nervuli sistema, amitom mwvaved reagirebs nebismier safrTxeze. ukiduresad gaubedavia, ar aris sakuTar ZalebSi darwmunebuli. usafuZlod awuxebs sakuTari arasrulfasovnebis grZnoba. sakuTar grZnobebs TavSekavebulad gamoxatavs, gaurbis xalxmravlobas.

I faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris mgrZnobiare, meocnebe, daxvewili. aqvs samyaros mxatvruli (xatobrivi) aRqma. ar uyvars `uxeSi adamianebi da `uxeSi samuSao. Zalian uyvars mogzauroba. aqvs mdidari warmosaxvis unari da maRali esTetiuri gemovneba. mxatvruli nawarmoebebi ufro met gavlenas axdenen maT cxovrebaze, vidre realuri movlenebi. mis qmedebaSi vlindeba Teatralurobisa da zogjer SfoTvis niSnebi. am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCvenebeli aqvT mxatvrebs, msaxiobebs, musikosebs. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris mamaci, emociurad mdgradi, mkacri, praqtikuli, realisti. ufro metad sjera gonebis, vidre grZnobis. garSemomyofebTan urTierTobaSi SeiZleba iyos mkacri da miiswrafvis warmarTos jgufi `swori, realisturi mimarTulebiT. skeptikurad uyurebs humanitarul mecnierebebs da sulier faseulobebs.

L faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba yvelas Tavidanve sifrTxiliT udgeba. aravis ar endoba. Tvlis, rom SeiZleba misi megobrebic ki ar iyvnen masTan patiosanni da gulaxdilni. naklebad erTveba koleqtivSi. Surs sxva adamianebis warmatebebi. Tvlis, rom garSemomyofni mas ver afaseben saTanadod. adamianTan urTierTobaSi aris daJinebuli, magram gaRizianebuli, ver itans konkurencias. aqvs gazrdili TviTSefaseba, xSirad avlens undoblobas, eWvianobas, sifrTxiles.

138

ainteresebs mxolod sakuTari Ppirovneba da xSirad ar zrunavs sxvebze. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba Tvlis, rom yvela adamiani keTili da kargia. gulaxdilad uyveba sakuTar Tavze naklebad nacnob adamianebsac ki. advilad andobs maT sakuTar ocnebebsa da materialur faseulobebs. TviTSefaseba realisturia, advilad eTviseba koleqtivs, mxiarulia, keTilmosurne, ar aris Suriani, avlens guliTad mzrunvelobas Tavisi megobrebis mimarT. ar iswrafvis iyos gamorCeuli da ar cdilobs sxvebis yuradRebis miqcevas. misi uaryofiTi emociebi ar aris mdgradi da swrafad qreba.

am faqtoris maRali maCvenebeli damaxasiaTebelia administratorebisTvis, mfrinavebisTvis, iuristebisTvis; dabali done _ sportsmenebisaTvis, sakancelario muSakebisTvis, momsaxurebis sferos momuSaveebisTvis.

M faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovnebisTvis damaxasiaTebelia mdidari warmosaxva, fantazioroba, sakuTar TavSi CaZirva, `RrublebSi frena~. axasiaTebs TviTmyofadi msoflmxedveloba, meocnebeoba, SemoqmedebiTi azrovneba, qcevis ganumeorebeli manerebi, zogadad aRiarebuli normebis ignorireba. aris eqscentriuli, Taviseburi, sakuTar survilze orientirebuli. imis gamo, rom mxolod sakuTar interesebzea orientirebuli, gariyulia jgufisgan. aseT adamianebs Soris xSirad gvxvdeba gamorCeuli niWis mqone pirebi. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris zrdasruli, Camoyalibebuli, gawonasworebuli, saRad moazrovne, romelic fxizlad afasebs garemoebebsa da adamianebs. igi iTvaliswinebs obieqturi realobis moTxovnebs da qcevis miRebul normebs. keTilsindisieria, magram moulodnel, arastandartul situaciebSi xSirad ar yofnis sazrianoba da mixvedriloba.

am faqtoris mixedviT saSualo maCvenebeli aqvT mxatvrebs, musikosebs, mwerlebs.

N faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovnebisTvis damaxasiaTebelia xelovnuroba, daxvewiloba, angariSianoba, principuloba. ar eqvemdebareba emociur aRtkinebas. iqceva koreqtulad, Tavazianad, frTxilad, ramdenadme ambiciozurad. yvelafers gonivrulad udgeba. moqmedebs eSmakurad da moxerxebulad, skeptikurad uyurebs lozungebsa da mowodebebs.

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midrekilia intrigebisken. urTierTobebSi akontrolebs sakuTar saubarsa da manerebs.

rbilia,

Tavaziani,

am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris uxeSi, utaqto, pirdapiri. is aris Ria, gulubryvilo adamiani. urTierTobebSi kontaqturia. cudad esmis garSemomyofTa qcevis motivebi. yvelafers ijerebs da advilad erTveba saerTo gatacebebSi. sentimentaluria, mgrZnobiare, spontanuri. ar SeuZlia eSmakoba, ar aris moqnili, iqceva bunebrivad, ubralod da cotaTi uxeSadac.

O faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris mudmivad SeSfoTebul-Sewuxebuli, daTrgunvili, mSfoTvare, midrekilia cudi winaTgrZnobebisaken, mudmivad sayvedurobs sakuTar Tavs, ar afasebs sakuTar SesaZleblobebs. dabali aqvs sakuTari kompetenturobis, codnis, SesaZleblobebis TviTSefaseba; sazogadoebaSi ar aris Tavdajerebuli da Tavs ver grZnobs myudrod. iqceva metismetad Tavmdablad, Caketilia da ar aris uSualo. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris mxiaruli, sicocxlis moyvaruli, cxovrebiT kmayofili, sakuTar warmatebebsa da SesaZleblobebSi darwmunebuli. igi maSinve reagirebs momxdar movlenebze da poulobs interess yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi. ar aris mgrZnobiare jgufis mowonebaze da amis gamo SeiZleba antipatiac ki gamoiwvios.

Q1 faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovnebas aqvs sxvadasxva inteleqtualuri interesebi, miiswrafvis kargad iyos informirebuli samecniero da politikur problemebze. radikaluria da yvelafers uyurebs skeptikurad, ar endoba avtoritetebs. advilad icvlis sakuTar Tvalsazriss, mSvidad aRiqvams axal ideebsa da cvlilebebs. gamoirCeva kritikuli azrovnebiT da gaurkvevlobisadmi moTminebiT. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris konservatiuli, rigiduli, ar uyvars cvlilebebi. aqvs myari Sexedulebebi, normebi da wesebi. yovelgvar siaxles uryevad xvdeba, vinaidan siaxleebi absurdulad da uazrod miaCnia. uyvars zneobisa da moralis swavleba sxvebisTvis da maTi damoZRvra. misi azriT, yvela ubedureba modis im adamianebisgan, romlebic arRveven tradiciebsa da principebs.

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Q2 faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris damoukidebeli da urCevnia yvelaferi TviTon gaakeTos. misTvis damaxasiaTebelia TviTkmaroba, TviTon Rebulobs gadawyvetilebebs, TviTonve asrulebs maT da TviTonve Rebulobs pasuxismgeblobas. igi mzadaa sakuTari damoukideblobis SenarCunebas Seswiros nebismieri sikeTe. sakuTar qmedebebSi ar iTvaliswinebs sazogadoebriv azrs. ver vityviT, rom mas ar uyvars adamianebi, ubralod mas ar sWirdeba am adamianebis mxridan mowoneba da mxardaWera. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba ar aris damoukidebeli. is jgufzea damokidebuli. aseTi adamianebi orientirebulni arian jgufis Sexedulebebze, saWiroeben sayrdens da garSemomyofTa mxardaWeras, rCevebsa da mowonebas. ar arian iniciativianebi da gambedavebi sakuTari qcevis arCevisas.

Q3 faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba aris organizebuli, SeuZlia sakuTari emociisa da qmedebis kargad gakontroleba. moqmedebs gegmazomierad da mowesrigebulad. misi maRali TviTkontroli efuZneba sakuTari miznebisa da qcevis motivebis kargad gaazrebas. dawyebuli saqme mihyavs bolomde. kargad acnobierebs socialur moTxovnebs da cdilobs maT Sesrulebas. zrunavs sakuTar reputaciaze. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovnebisTvis damaxasiaTebelia susti nebisyofa da cudi TviTkontroli. (gansakuTrebiT sakuTar survilebze). aseTi pirebis moqmedeba mouwesrigebeli da qaoturia. is xSirad ibneva, aris uTavbolo, daudevari. ar SeuZlia sakuTari droisa da samuSaos Sesrulebis organizeba. xSirad saqmes ar asrulebs bolomde da saTanadod gaazrebis gareSe sxva saqmes hkidebs xels.

es faqtori mniSvnelovania saqmianobis warmatebis prognozirebisaTvis. igi gansazRvravs warmatebebs teqnikur, maTematikur, organizatorul saqmianobaSi, sadac saWiroa gawonasworebuloba, obieqturoba da gambedaoba. am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCvenebeli aqvT karg, saimedo xelmZRvanelebs.

Q4 faqtori am faqtoris mixedviT maRali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba daZabulia, aRgznebulia, misi miswrafebebi daukmayofilebelia. Tavs grZnobs daTrgunulad, daRlilad, magram usaqmod yofna ar SeuZlia TviT dasvenebisaTvis keTilsasurvel garemoSic. misTvis 141

damaxasiaTebelia emociuri aramdgradoba, daqveiTebuli gunebaganwyobileba, gaRizianeba da mouTmenloba. jgufur saqmianobaSi ugulebelyofs iseT aspeqtebs, rogoricaa erToba, wesrigi, lideroba. am faqtoris mixedviT dabali maCveneblis mqone pirovneba sustia da ar aqvs raimes keTebis motivi da survili. igi gulgrilia sakuTari warmatebisa da warumateblobis mimarT. arafrustrirebulia (ar aris imedgacruebuli), ar aris aRSfoTebuli, mSvidia. ar miiswrafvis cvlilebebisa da warmatebebisaken.

pirovnuli faqtorebisa da maTi urTierTkavSiris xarisxobrivi da raodenobrivi analizis safuZvelze SeiZleba gamoiyos faqtorebis Semdegi blokebi: 1. inteleqtualuri Taviseburebebi: B, , Q1. 2. emociur-nebelobiTi Taviseburebebi: , I, , G, Q3, Q4. 3. komunikaciuri Tvisebebi da pirovnebaTSorisi urTierTobebis Taviseburebebi: , , N, Q2, L, , F.

ketelis meTodika SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnes rogorc jgufSi, ise individualurad; rogorc sxva meTodikebTan erTad, ise izolirebulad. testirebis Sedegebis xarisxiani interpretaciisaTvis aucilebelia konsultantis maRali profesionalizmi da am meTodikasTan muSaobis garkveuli gamocdileba!

142

2.3. i. iusupovis meTodika `empaTiis sakvlevi kiTxvari~

es meTodika gamoiyeneba empaTiis kvlevisTvis. empaTia (TanagrZnoba) aris unari warmoidgino Tavi sxva adamianis adgilas da ganicado misi grZnobebi, rogorc sakuTari. empaTia xels uwyobs pirovnebaTSorisi urTierTobebis dabalansebas. igi adamianis qcevas xdis socialurad ganpirobebuls. individi, romelsac aqvs ganviTarebuli empaTiis grZnoba, warmatebulia saqmianobis iseT sferoebSi, romlebic moiTxoven partniorul urTierTobebs (pirvel rigSi, esaa swavlebisa da aRzrdis sfero). mizani: pirovnebis empaTiuri donisa da tendenciebis gamovlena. instruqcia: `gTxovT, pasuxi gasceT mocemul 36 mtkicebas. pasuxi aRniSneT `pasuxebis furcelze~ Sesabamisi grafaSi. pasuxi unda gaeces yvela kiTxvas.~

kiTxvaris masala 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. me ufro momwons wignebi mogzaurobaze, vidre wignebi seriidan `gamoCenili adamianebis cxovreba. mozrdil bavSvebs aRizianebT mSoblebis zrunva. momwons sxva adamianebis warmatebis an warumateblobis mizezebze fiqri. musikaluri gadacemebidan upiratesobas vaniWeb Tanamedrove musikas. avadmyofis arasamarTliani sayvedurebi unda moviTminoT maSinac ki, roca es wlebis manZilze grZeldeba. avadmyof adamians SeiZleba vuSveloT sityviTac ki. ucxo adamiani ar unda Caerios or adamians Soris warmoqmnil konfliqtSi. moxuci adamianebi, rogorc wesi, fxukianebi arian. bavSvobaSi sevdiani ambis mosmenisas Tvalebze cremli madgeboda. Cemi mSoblebis cudi xasiaTi gavlenas axdens Cems gunebaganwyobilebaze. me gulgrili var Cemi misamarTiT kritikaze. portretebis yureba ufro miyvars, vidre peizaJebis. yovelTvis vpatiobdi Cems mSoblebs, maSinac ki, rodesac isini ar iyvnen marTlebi. Tu cxeni cudad eweva, misi gamaTraxebaa saWiro. rodesac vkiTxulob adamianTa cxovrebaSi dramatul movlenaTa Sesaxeb, vgrZnob, TiTqos es me memarTeba. mSoblebi Tavis Svilebs epyrobian samarTlianad. roca vuyureb moCxubar Tanatolebs an didebs, verevi maT CxubSi. ar vaqcev yuradRebas Cemi mSoblebis cud xasiaTs. me Tavs vanebeb sxva saqmis keTebas da didxans vakvirdebi cxovelebis qcevas. mxolod araseriozul adamians SeiZleba moadges cremlebi filmis yurebisas, an wignis kiTxvisas. momwons ucxo adamianebis saxis gamometyvelebasa da qcevaze dakvirveba. bavSvobaSi saxlSi momyavda usaxlkaro ZaRlebi da katebi. 143

23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36.

yvela adamiani usafuZvlod gaborotebulia. ucxo adamianis yurebisas msurs gamovicno, Tu rogor aewyoba misi cxovreba. bavSvobaSi Cemze patarebi kvaldakval damyvebodnen. dasaxiCrebuli cxovelis danaxvisas, vcdilob davexmaro maT ramiT. adamiani igrZnobs Svebas, Tu yuradRebiT movusmenT mis Civils. rodesac quCaSi raime SemTxvevis mowme vxvdebi, vcdilob mowmeebis rigSi ar movxvde. patarebs moswonT, rodesac vTavazob raime ideas, saqmes an gasarTobs. adamianebi azviadeben, roca amboben, rom cxovelebi grZnoben patronebis guneba-ganwyobilebas. sirTuleebs adamianma TviTon unda daaRwios Tavi. Tu bavSvi tiris, mas amisTvis mizezi aqvs. axalgazrdebma yovelTvis unda daukmayofilon moxucebs yvela Txovna. mindoda gamerkvia, ratom hqonda Cems zogierT Tanaklasels Cafiqrebuli saxe. usaxlkaro cxovelebi unda daiWiron da gaanadguron. rodesac Cemi megobrebi melaparakebian TavianT piradul problemebze, vcdilob saubari sxva Temaze gadavitano.

pasuxebis furceli
mtkice bule bis # 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 144 ar vici arasdros pasuxebi zogjer xSirad TiTqmis diax, yovelTvis yovelTvis

22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36.

Sedegebis damuSaveba: pasuxis yovel mniSvneloba, kerZod: variants Seesabameba garkveuli ricxviTi

,,ar vici - 0 qula. ,,arasdros - 1 qula; ,,zogjer 2 qula; ,,xSirad - 3 qula; ,,TiTqmis yovelTvis 4 qula; ,,diax, yovelTvis 5 qula.

upirveles yovlisa, unda Semowmdes cdis pirTa gulaxdiloba. amisTvis aucilebelia daTvlili iqnes ramdeni pasuxi iqneba gacemuli mtkicebebis Semdeg nomrebze: 1. grafaSi ,,ar vici _ mtkicebebis nomrebi _ 2, 4, 16, 18, 33; 2. grafaSi ,,diax, yovelTvis mtkicebebis nomrebi 2, 7, 11, 13, 16, 18, 23; 3. grafaSi ,,diax, yovelTvis pasuxebi mtkicebebis Semdeg wyvilebze: 7 da 17; 10 da 18; 17 da 31; 22 da 35; 34 da 36. (magaliTad, Tu mtkicebebSi 7 da 17, cdis pirs aRniSnuli aqvs: ,,diax, yovelTvis, maSin daafiqsireT es damTxveva. Tuki es ar aris, maSin mas nu miaqcevT yuradRebas). 4. grafaSi ,,diax, yovelTvis, erTis mxriv, da grafaSi ,,ara, arasodes, meore mxriv, mtkicebebi Semdeg wyvilebze: 3 da 36; 1 da 3; 17 da 28.

SekribeT Sedegebi pirobebis yoveli punqtis mixedviT, xolo Semdeg gamoiyvaneT oTxive punqtis saerTo jami. Tuki jami aRmoCndeba 5 da ufro meti, maSin testirebis Sedegebi iqneba arasando. roca jami 145

aris 4, maSin Sedegi saeWvoa, xolo Tu jami 3-ze meti ar aris, maSin Sedegebi SeiZleba CaiTvalos sandod. arasando an saeWvo Sedegebi miiReba im SemTxvevaSi, roca cdis piri arasakmarisad gulaxdilia Tavis TavTan damokidebulebaSi, an samuSaosadmi araseriozuladaa ganwyobili. sxva SesaZlebeli mizezebia fsiqikuri funqciis zogierTi darRveva, an socialuri infantilizmi (gulgriloba). sandoobis Semowmebis Semdeg, gadadiT Sedegebis analizze. imisaTvis, rom SeafasoT empaTiis zogadi done, SekribeT pasuxebi yovel punqtSi cal-calke, xolo Semdeg gamoiyvaneT maTi saerTo jami. kiTxvari saSualebas iZleva ganisazRvros empaTiis 5 done. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Zalian maRali (82 90 qula); maRali (63 81 qula); saSualo done (37 62 qula); dabali done (12 36 qula); Zalian dabali done (5 11 qula).

Semdeg gansazRvreT empaTiis doneebi Semdegi skalis mixedviT: I skala empaTia mSoblebis mimarT 10, 13, 16 mtkicebebi. II skala empaTia cxovelebis mimarT 19, 22, 25 mtkicebebi. III skala empaTia moxucebis mimarT 2, 5, 8 mtkicebebi. IV skala empaTia bavSvebis mimarT 26, 29, 35 mtkicebebi. V skala empaTia mxatvruli nawarmoebis gmirebis mimarT 9, 12, 25 mkicebebi. VI skala empaTia naklebad nacnobi da ucnobi adamianebis mimarT 21, 24, 27 mtkicebebi.

Sefaseba mocemuli 6 skalis cxovelebis da a.S. mimarT: Zalian maRali _ 15 qula; maRali _ 13 - 14 qula; saSualo done _ 5 - 12 qula; dabali done _ 2- 4 qula; Zalian dabali done 0 1 qula.

mixedviT:

empaTiis

done

mSoblebis,

146

gaxsovdeT: Sedegebis interpretaciis dros gaiTvaliswineT adamianis xasiaTi da misi cxovrebis gza! damatebiTi informacia:

aucileblad

82-90 qula: es aris empaTiis Zalian maRali done. adamians zedmetad aqvs ganviTarebuli TanagrZnoba. adamianebTan urTierTobisas igi mgrZnobiarea da reagirebs mosaubris guneba-ganwobilebaze maSinac ki, rodesac mosaubres jer sityvac ar aqvs naTqvami. aseT adamianebs ufrosebica da bavSvebic xalisiT andoben TavianT saidumloebebs da ekiTxebian rCevebs. adamians, empaTiis Zalian maRali doniT, xSirad awuxebT danaSaulis kompleqsic, rom ar Seawuxos da ar gaaRizianos sxvebi sakuTari gamoxedviTac ki. igi imavdroulad aris Zalian mgrZnobiare da mtkinveulad ganicdis yvela wvrilmans. rodesac cud xasiaTzea, gaRizianebulia emociurad, sxvebisgan saWiroebs emociur mxardaWeras. cxovrebisadmi aseTi damokidebulebiT igi axlosaa nevrotul aSlilobasTan. sasurvelia, rom man izrunos fsiqologiur janmrTelobaze. 63-81 qula: maRali empaTiuroba. aseTi pirovneba mgrZnobiarea garSemomyofTa saWiroebebisa da problemebis mimarT. gamoirCeva didsulovnebiT da SeuZlia bevri ramis patieba. gulwrfeli interesiT epyroba adamianebs. emociurad gulSematkivrobs sxvebs, SeuZlia urTierToba adamianebTan da swrafad amyarebs kontaqts, advilad poulobs saerTo enas. bavSvebsac sakmaod uadvildebaT masTan urTierToba. garSemomyofebi afaseben mis gulisxmierebas. cdilobs ar dauSvas konfliqti da poulobs kompromisul gadawyvetilebas. advilad itans mis misamarTiT naTqvam kritikas. movlenebis Sefasebisas ufro metad sakuTar grZnobebsa da intuacias eyrdnoba, vidre analitikur daskvnebs. upiratesobas aniWebs adamianebTan muSaobas, vidre ganmartoebul samuSaos. mudmivad sWirdeba sakuTari qmedebebis socialuri mowoneba da aRiareba. amasTan yovelTvis ar aris akuratuli sakirkito da zusti samuSaos Sesrulebisas. rTuli araa misi wonasworobidan gamoyvana. 37-62 qula: empaTiis normaluri done, romelic adamianebis umravlesobas axasiaTebs. igi ar ganekuTvneba gansakuTrebulad mgrZnobiare adamianTa ricxvs. pirovnebaTSorisi urTierToebebis gansjisas ufro metad emyareba sxvaTa qmedebebs, vidre sakuTar STabeWdilebebs. misTvis ucxo araa emociuri gamovlinebebi, magram umetes SemTxvevaSi akontrolebs maT. urTierTobebisas yuradRebiania, cdilobs meti gaigos, vidre sityvebiTaa naTqvami, Tumca mosaubris mxridan zedmeti grZnobebis gamoxatvisas moTminebas kargavs. wignis kiTxvisas an filmis yurebisas is ufro xSirad yuradRebas amaxvilebs gmirebis moqmedebaze, vidre maT gancdebze. uWirs adamianebs Soris urTierTobis prognozireba, amitomac xdeba, rom sxvebis saqcieli misTvis sakmaod moulodneli aRmoCndeba xolme. ar aqvs (ar axasiaTebs) grZnobebis silaRe da es xels uSlis adamianebis srulfasovan aRqmaSi. 147

12-36 qula: empaTiis dabali done. ganicdis adamianebTan kontaqtis damyarebisas sirTuleebs. did kompaniaSi Tavs uxerxulad grZnobs. garSemomyofTa qcevaSi emociuri gamovlineba xSirad misTvis gaugebaria da azrs moklebuli. upiratesobas aniWebs gancalkevebul, konkretul saqmianobas, vidre xalxTan muSaobas. is zusti formulirebebisa da racionaluri gadawyvetilebebis momxrea. savaraudod, cota megobari hyavs, maTSi ki ufro metad afasebs saqmian Tvisebebs da naTel, sxart gonebas, vidre maT gulisxmierebasa da TanagrZobas. adamianebic Sesabamisad epyrobian. zogjer Tavs grZnobs gariyulad da garSemomyofebi ar anebivreben mas yuradRebiT. magram es gamosworebadia, Tuki is ufro meti yuradRebiT daakvirdeba axloblebis qcevas da maT problemebs aRiqvams, rogorc sakuTars. 11 da naklebi: Zalian dabali done. pirovnebas empaTiuri tendenciebi ganviTarebuli ara aqvs. misTvis rTulia pirvelma daiwyos saubari. Tavs martosulad grZnobs. gansakuTrebiT uZneldeba urTierToba bavSvebTan da masze bevrad ufrosi asakis pirebTan. pirovnebaTSoris urTierTobebSi xSirad vardeba uxerxul mdgomareobaSi. bevr sakiTxSi ver poulobs garSemomyofebTan urTierTgagebas. uyvars mZafri SegrZnebebi, sportuli Sejibrebebi, xelovneba. saqmianobaSi zedmetadaa sakuTar Tavze koncentrirebuli. SeiZleba is iyos sakmaod produqtuli individualur muSaobisas, maSin roca sxvebTan TanamSromlobisas Tavs arc Tu ise kargad warmoaCens. mtkinveulad ganicdis misi misamarTiT naTqvam kritikas, Tumca SeuZlia ar moaxdinos mZafri reagireba. aucilebelia grZnobebis gavarjiSeba.

148

2.4.

pirovnebis rigiduloba-fleqsiburobis sakvlevi testi

mizani: meTodika gankuTvnilia pirovnebis rigidulobis diagnostirebisTvis. rigiduloba (laTinuridan rigidus mtkice, uryevi) warmoadgens pirovnebis Tvisebas, SeinarCunos da ar Secvalos sakuTari ganwyobebi, stereotipebi, azrovnebis saSualebebi, sakuTari Sexedulebebi. instruqcia: `mocemulia mtkicebulebaTa CamonaTvali. SeafaseT TiToeuli mtkicebuleba `veTanxmebi ar veTanxmebis pociziidan. kiTxvaris teqsti:

N#

mtkicebulebebi sasargebloa iseTi wignis kiTxva, romelic Seicavs Cemi Sexedulebebis sawinaaRmdego azrebs. maRizianebs, rodesac macdenen seriozuli samuSaosgan (magaliTad, rodesac mTxoven rCevas). dResaswaulebi naTesavebTan erTad unda gaataro. SemiZlia megobrulad viyo im adamianebTan, romelTa saqcielsac ar vamarTleb. TamaSis dros vamjobineb mogebas. rodesac sadme vagvianeb, ar SemiZlia araferze fiqri, garda imisa, rom swrafad mivide daniSnul adgilze. me ufro miWirs yuradRebis mokrefa, vidre sxvebs. me did dros vuTmob imas, rom yvela sagans Tavisi adgili hqondes. Zalian daZabulad vmuSaob. xSirad mecineba uweso xumrobebze. darwmunebuli var, rom zurgs ukan Cemze laparakoben. advilia Cemi darwmuneba. me vamjobineb cnobili marSrutebiT siaruls.

diax

ara

4 5

8 9 10

11 12 13

149

14

mTeli cxovreba mivdevs principebs, romelic valdebulebazea agebuli. zogjer Cemi azrebi ufro swrafad mimdinareobs, vidre vaswreb maT gamoTqmas. zogjer adamianebis daudevroba CemSi sicils iwvevs. xSirad TavSi momdis cudi sityvebi (zogjer salanZRavic) da miWirs maTgan Tavis daRweva. darwmunebuli var, rom Cems ar yofnaSi Cemze saubroben. me wynarad gamovdivar saxlidan da ar vnerviulob imis Sesaxeb davkete Tu ara karebi, gamovrTe Tu ara gazi, Suqi da a.S. CemTvis yvelaze Zneli nebismier saqmeSi aris misi dawyeba. me praqtikulad yovelTvis vasruleb danapirebebs. ar SeiZleba adamianis mkacri gakritikeba formaluri wesebis darRvevis gamo. xSirad Semisrulebia iseTi adamianebis davaleba, romlebmac ician bevrad naklebi, vidre me. me yovelTvis ar vambob simarTles. miWirs yuradRebis koncentracia raime saqmeze, an samuSaoze. zogierTebi Cems winaaRmdeg arian ganwyobilni. miyvars saqmis bolomde miyvana. xSirad vcdilob ar gadavdo xvalisTvis is, risi gakeTebac dRes SeiZleba. quCaSi siarulis dros yovelTvis vamCnev garemoSi arsebul cvlilebebs - SekreWil buCqebs, axal sareklamo plakatebs (bilbordebs) da a.S. zogjer ise daJinebiT vamtkiceb Cems azrs, rom xalxi moTminebidan gamodis. zogjer nacnobebi xumroben Cems akuratulobisa da petantobis* Sesaxeb. rodesac ar var marTali, es me ar mwyins. xSirad mafrTxoben is adamianebi, romlebic meqcevian ufro kargad, vidre amas movelodi. es

15

16

17

18

19

20 21

22

23

24 25 26 27 28

29

30

31 32

33

150

34

miWirs movwyde dawyebul saqmes, Tundac mcire xniT. rodesac ver igeben Cems azrs, iolad vambob uars mis mtkicebaze. gaWirvebis SemTxvevaSi SemiZlia davexmaro sxvebs. mizidavs adgilis Secla da bednieri var, roca davexetebi sadme, an vmogzaurob. miZneldeba axal saqmeze gadarTva, magram rodesac gaverkvevi, ufro kargad vasruleb mas, vidre sxvebi. momwons detalurad Seviswavlo is saqme, romliTac dakavebuli var. deda an mama maiZulebdnen morCilebas maSinac ki, roca amas gonivrulad ar miviCnevdi. SemiZlia viyo dawynarebuli da cotaTi gulgrilic ki sxvebis ubedurebis SemTxvevaSi. advilad SemiZlia gadarTva erTi saqmidan meoreze. yvela sadao sakiTxidan sinamdvileSi mxolod erTi aris marTali. miyvars Cemi Cvevebisa da codnis miyvana avtomatizmamde. advilad mitacebs axali wamowyebebi. vcdilob mivaRwio Cemsas garemoebebis miuxedavad. monotonuri samuSaos dros TavisTavad vcvli moqmedebis wesebs, maSinac ki rodesac vici, rom es avnebs Sedegebs. xalxs zogjer Surs Cemi moTminebis unaris. quCaSi, transportSi xSirad vaTvaliereb garSemo myof adamianebs. xalxi rom ar iyos Cems winaaRmdeg ganwyobili, mivaRwevdi cxovrebaSi ufro mets.

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44 45 46

47

48 49

50

pedanti - adamiani, romelic did mniSvnelobas aniWebs saqmis garegnul mxares, wvrilmanebs, ganuxrelad icavs formalur wesebs da amasve moiTxovs sxvebisaganac. pedantizmi - pedantis Tviseba, gadaWarbebuli sizuste.

151

monacemebis damuSaveba da interpretacia: pasuxis damTxveva `gasaRebTan~ _ fasdeba 1 quliT. gasaRebi: ,,ara : 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 18, 20, 23, 26, 27, 30, 31, 33, 34, 38, 39, 40, 43, 44, 46, 48, 50. ,,diax: 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 28, 29, 32, 35, 36, 37, 41, 42, 45, 47, 49. Sefaseba: 0 13 qula: metyvelebs pirovnebis mobilurobaze; 14 27 qula: pirovneba avlens rigidulobis niSnebs; 28 40 qula: SegviZlia vifiqroT, rom pirovneba rigidulia.

152

2.5. komunikaciis unaris Seswavlis meTodika

2.5.1. komunikaciis unaris Seswavlis r. ensmanis meTodika
efeqturi komunikaciisaTvis aucilebeli Tvisebebia saubrisa da mosmenis kargi unari. amasTan, iTvleba, rom saukeTeso Tanamosaubrea is, vinc kargi msmenelia. komunikaciis unaris Sesaswavlad farTod gamoiyeneba r. ensmanis meTodika. mizani: komunikaciis unaris kvleva. instruqcia: `yuradRebiT waikiTxeT qvemoT CamoTvlili unar-Cvevebi da SeafaseT sakuTari Tavi TiToeuli unaris mimarT, anu aRweril unar-Cvevas yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi iyenebT regularulad, zogjer, iSviaTad Tu saerTod ar mimarTavT. Tqveni pasuxi daafiqsireT ~+~ niSniT Sesabamis grafaSi. sando Sedegis misaRebad gulaxdili unda iyoT. saqme rom gaiadviloT, warmoidgineT sakuTari Tavi vinmesTan saubris dros. magaliTad, TqvenTan movida megobari da Tavisi ambis mosmena gTxovaT...~ masala: Cvevebi
am unar-Cvevas viyeneb: yovel zogjer iSviaTad Tvis an araso des

sanam seriozul sakiTxze saubars daviwyebde, romelime `mosamzadebel~ Jests mivmarTav, magaliTad, vxurav da vdeb gverdze wigns, romelsac vkiTxulobdi Tu vxedav, rom saubari xangrZlivi iqneba, mosaubres aucileblad vTavazob Cais an yavas mosaubresTan axlo manZilze vjdebi da pirdapir mas vuyureb mosaubris xmis tonis odnav cvlilebebsac ki vakvirdebi, raTa ukeT gavigo misi grZnobebi yuradRebiT vuyureb mosaubres da vcdilob Cemi mzera ar iyos civi an gulgrili ar gamovTqvam sakuTar azrs da ar vafaseb mosaubris mier moyolil faqtebs. yovel SemTxvevaSi manam, sanam saubari ar damTavrebula rodesac adamiani CemTan saubrisas raime mniSvnelovani momentis xazgasmas cdilobs, me viyeneb Jestebs, raTa vaCveno, rom yvelaferi kargad mesmis (magaliTad, Tavs vuqnev) saubrisas ar vreagireb sxvadasxva xelSemSlel faqtorebze, rogoric aris satelefono zari, fanjrebs gareT xmauri da sxv. saubris Temis miuxedavad yovelTvis vinarCuneb

153

mSvid, dauZabav pozas zogjer mosaubris yvelaze mniSvnelovan mosazrebebs sakuTari sityvebiT vimeoreb vsvam SekiTxvebs, raTa kargad gaverkve faqtebSi da mosaubris grZnobebSi vcdilob, ar gamovxato Cemi gaRizianeba, rodesac mosaubre gamarTulad ver laparakobs, an ratomRac ayovnebs saubars drodadro mosaubres saxeliT mivmarTav rTuli saubris dros mosaubres vaZlev saSualebas, droebiT gadauxvios saubris Temas, Tu mas ase surs vcdilob, ar gamomrCes emociis niSnebi mosaubris xmaSi Cemi manerebi Seesatyviseba da avsebs mosaubris manerebs, magaliTad, Tu mosaubre gamosulia mdgomareobidan, Cemi poza da Jestebi damamSvidebelia vcdilob, gavuZlo cdunebas da ar davamTavro winadadebebi mosaubris nacvlad, an gamovitano daskvnebi misi saubridan manam, sanam is Tavad ar gaakeTebs amas vsaubrob nela da mSvidi toniT Tavs varideb xelisSemSlel Jestebs. magaliTad, saaTze daxedva, an gverdze gadadebuli wignisaken gaxedva yovelTvis vuxdi madlobas adamians imis gamo, rom Tavisi grZnobebi gamiziara Tu mosaubre mekiTxeba rames, martiv, pirdapir da araSefasebiT pasuxebs vaZlev ar meSinia vTqva: ,,ar vici, Tu ar SemiZlia danamdvilebiT vupasuxo periodulad vekiTxebi mosaubres, sworad gavige Tu ara misi naTqvami vexmarebi mosaubres daasrulos saubari erToblivi daskvnebis , an dakvirvebebis Sejamebis gziT

jamuri qula

Sedegebis damuSaveba: pasuxi: `regularulad~ fasdeba `zogjer~ _ 1 quliT; `iSviaTad an arasdros _ 0 quliT.

quliT;

SeajameT pasuxebis qulebi: Tu pasuxebis jamuri qula 38-s aRemateba cdis piri namdvilad kargi mosaubrea da aqtiur mosmenas sakmaod efeqturad iyenebs.

Tu saerTo qula 28-sa da 37-s Sorisaa _ cdis pirma flobs aqtiuri mosmenis teqnikebs da SeuZlia kidec maTi gamoyeneba, Tumca sWirdeba komunikaciuri unarebis damatebiTi praqtika. 154

Tu qulebis jami 28-ze naklebia _ cdis pirs ara aqvs saTanadod ganviTarebuli komunikaciis Cvevebi, aqtiuri mosmenis unaris CaTvliT, Tumca SeuZlia maTi gavarjiSeba.

2.5.2. mosmenis unaris Sefasebis testi

mizani: mosmenis unaris Sefaseba. instruqcia: `gTxovT yuradRebiT moisminoT instuqcia. es aris testi mosmenis unarze. testze muSaobas viwyebT Cemi signalis Semdeg. ar SeiZleba romelime kiTxvis gamotoveba. sanam ar waikiTxavT tests Tavidan bolomde, ar daiwyoT Sevseba. kiTxvebi mocemulia rigis mixedviT da TiToeuls unda upasuxoT `diax~ an `ara~ Sesabamisi grafis gaswvriv `V~ niSnis dasmiT. muSaobisas ar daarRvioT Tanmimdevroba. yuradRebiT waikiTxeT TiToeuli kiTxva. testis Sevseba daiwyeT Cemi signalis Semdeg.~ instruqcia aucileblad wakiTxuli unda iqnes zustad ise, rogorc mocemulia.

masala:
diax 1. skandinaviis qveynebSi ar zeimoben pirvel maiss. 2. vatikanSi kanoniT ikrZaleba kviradRes dasaflaveba. 3. maTematikaSi mamakacebi ufro Zlierebi arian 4. pirania zvigenze mwared ikbineba 5. samxreT-wynari okeanis regionSi aris kunZuli, sadac kacebs ekrZalebaT colad moiyvanon Tavisi qvrivis da 6. zogierT qveyanaSi araeTikurad iTvleba saTvaleebiani adamianisTvis suraTis gadaReba 7. adamians ar SeuZlia Tavis Tavze maRla gadaxtoma ara

155

8. Zalian cota vinmem Tu icis, Tu vin iyo amerikis prezidenti 1927 wels 9. iaponiaSi qalebs naklebi xelfasi aqvT, vidre igive samuSaos Semsrulebel mamakacebs 10. evropis tyeebSi arsebobs mkacri sazRvari, romlis iqiTac monadiris licenziis gareSe gadasvla akrZalulia 11. am windadebaSi sami SecRomaa 12. jer veravin SeZlo katalinis kunZulamde mieRwia curviT 13. es aris testi mosmenis unarze 14. instruqciis mixedviT, sanam testis Sevsebas daiwyebT, waikiTxeT yvela kiTxva 15. Tu mixvdiT am testis arss, ar SeavsoT, nuravis etyviT amis Sesaxeb, ijeqiT Cumad, seriozuli saxiT

Sedegebis interpretacia: instruqciis Tanaxmad, testis Sevseba cdis pirma unda daiwyos mxolod mas Semdeg, rac waikiTxavs teqsts Tavidan bolomde. Tu man wakiTxvis procesSi daiwyo pasuxebis gacema, _ es niSnavs, rom man ar mousmina instruqcias, e.i. ar gaaCnia mosmenis saTaTano unari.

156

3. pirovnebis inteleqtualuri da SemecnebiTi SesaZleblobebis Sesaswavli testebi

3.1. mexsierebis Sesaswavli meTodika (test-davalebebi mexsierebis Sesaswavlad) 3.1.1. a. lurias testi: `10 sityvis daswavla~
mizani: mexsierebis, daRlilobis, yuradRebis aqtivobis mdgomareobis Sefaseba. masala: masala Sedgeba 10 mokle erTmarcvliani da ormarcvliani sityvisgan, romlebic ar arian erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli. meTodikis gamoyeneba SeiZleba rogorc bavSvebTan (5wlidan), ise mozrdilebTanac. instruqcia Sedgeba ori garkveviT da auCqareblad. etapisgan. cdis pirs sityvebi ekiTxeba

instruqcia bavSvebisTvis: a) `exla SevamowmebT Sens mexsierebas. me dagisaxeleb sityvebs, Sen momismen da Semdeg gaimeoreb nebismieri TanmimdevrobiT imdens, ramdensac SeZleb. b) `exla me isev dagisaxeleb imave sityvebs. momismine da gaimeore isinic, romlebic ukve daasaxele da isinic, romlebsac exla daimaxsovreb. sityvebis CamoTvla SegiZlia nebismieri TanmimdevrobiT. instruqcia zrdasrulebisTvis: a) `me wagikiTxavT ramdenime sityvas. mismineT yuradRebiT. roca davamTavreb kiTxvas, maSinve gaimeoreT is sityvebi, romelic dagamaxsovrdaT. sityvebis gameoreba SesaZlebelia nebismieri TanmimdevrobiT. (Tanmimdevrobas ar aqvs mniSvneloba). 157

b) exla me isev wagikiTxavT imave sityvebs da Tqven unda gaimeoroT isini. imeorebT im sityvebsac, romlebic ukve aRadgineT pirvel jerze. sityvaTa Tanmimdevrobas mniSvneloba ar aqvs. Semdeg cda meordeba instruqciis gareSe. eqsperimentatori momdevno 3-5 wakiTxvis win ubralod ambobs: `kidev erTxel. 5-6-jer sityvebis gameorebis Semdeg eqsperimentatori eubneba cdis pirs: `erT saaTSi Tqven amave sityvebs damisaxelebT kidev erTxel. kvlevis TiToeul etapze ivseba oqmi. TiToeuli aRdgenili sityvis win cdis Sesabamis nomris striqonSi iwereba niSani ` X . Tu cdis piri daasaxelebs zedmet sityvas, es fiqsirdeba Sesabamis grafaSi. erTi saaTis gasvlis Semdeg cdis piri mkvlevaris TxovniT winaswari wakiTxvis gareSe aRadgens damaxsovrebul sityvebs, romelic fiqsirdeba oqmSi rgolis ` 0 saxiT.

Sedegebis Sefaseba da interpretacia: miRebuli oqmis mixedviT dgeba grafiki - `damaxsovrebis mrudi. mrudis formis mixedviT SeiZleba gavakeToT damaxsovrebis TaviseburebebTan dakavSirebuli daskvnebi. magaliTad, normaluri gonebrivi ganviTarebis mqone bavSvebSi, Cveulebriv, yovel momdevno cdaSi izrdeba sworad dasaxelebuli sityvebis raodenoba, sust bavSvebSi ki _ aRdgenili sityvebis raodenoba naklebia da SeiZleba moxdes zedmeti (an Secvlili) sityvebis demonstrirebac. zedmeti sityvebis didi raodenoba mowmobs Semecnebis Seferxebas an moSlas. zrdasrulebi mesame cdisas Cveulebriv sworad aRadgenen 9-10 sityvas. (adamianebi normaluri mexsierebiT). damaxsovrebis mrudi SeiZleba miuTiTebdes yuradRebis Sesustebaze, an gamoxatul daRlilobaze. momatebuli daRliloba fiqsirdeba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu cdis pirma (mozrdilmac da bavSvmac) maSinve aRadgina 8-9 sityva, xolo Semdeg ki _ yovel jerze ufro da ufro naklebi (grafikze mrudi ki ar izrdeba, aramed ecema). amas garda, Tu cdis piri aRadgens ufrodaufro nakleb sityvas, es SeiZleba metyvelebdes gulmaviwyobas da dabneulobas, ugulisyurobas, gafantulobas. mrudis zigzagiseburi forma mianiSnebs meryev (aramdgrad) yuradRebaze. mrudi, romelsac `ferdobis forma aqvs mowmobs bavSvis emociur uxalisobaze, interesis arqonaze. erTi saaTis Semdeg Senaxuli da aRdgenili sityvebis raodenoba adasturebs xangrZliv mexsierebas.

158

oqmis nimuSi: saxeli, gvari _____________________________asaki__________

NN # 1 2 3 4 5 6 1s T.

ricx vi

gundi

qva

soko

kino

qolga

zRva

goWi

Tofi

brinji

damat. sityva

grafiki:

sityvaTa sxvadasxva nakrebi, romlebic SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas a. lurias testSi: 1) 2) 3) 4) xe, Zma, burTi, ujra, Rame, ZaRli, ska, Tasi, loya, kvamli. wyali, Tma, burTi, Toxi, fiqri, zari, Wa, soko, sarke, Toxi. skami, Tafli, rko, bavSvi, kata, cekva, puri, saxli, wigni, do. tye, Taro, skola, Weri, nemsi, xorci, koWi, fqvili, wvima, vardi. 159

3.1.2. xanmokle mexsierebis Sefasebis testi

mizani: xanmokle mxedvelobiTi mexsierebis moculobis gansazRvra. aRweriloba: cdis pirma unda daimaxsovros da Semdeg aRadginos ricxvebis maqsimaluri raodenoba misTvis wardgenili cxrilidan.

instruqcia: `warmogidgenT cxrils ricxvebiT. Tqven unda ecadoT 20 wamis ganmavlobaSi daixsomoT da Semdeg furcelze daweroT damaxsovrebuli ricxvebis rac SeiZleba meti raodenoba. yuradRebiT, daviwyeT! masala:

15

39

87

23

94

65

79

46

83

19

94

52

Sedegebis Sefaseba: xanmokle mxedvelobiTi mexsierebis Sefaseba xdeba sworad aRdgenili ricxvebis raodenobiT. informaciis maqsimaluri raodenoba, romelic SeiZleba Senaxul iqnes xanmokle mexsierebaSi (operatiul mexsiereba) aris masalis 10 erTeuli. saSualo donea 6-7 erTeuli.

160

3.1.3. xatobrivi mexsierebis testi

mizani: es meTodi gamoiyeneba xatobrivi mexsierebis Sesafaseblad. am testiT xSirad sargebloben profesiuli SerCevis dros. aRwera: cdis pirebs uCveneben cxrils 16 gamosaxulebiT 20 wamis ganmavlobaSi. man unda daimaxsovros es masala da 1 wuTis ganmavlobaSi unda aRadginos isini furcelze.

instruqcia: `warmogidgenT cxrils gamosaxulebebiT. Tqveni amocanaa 20 wamis ganmavlobaSi daixsomoT rac SeiZleba meti gamosaxuleba. 20 wamis Semdeg aviRebT cxrils da Tqven unda daxatoT an daweroT is gamosaxulebebi, romlebic dagamaxsovrdaT.

masala:

H2O
Sedegebis Sefaseba: testirebis Sedegebis Sefaseba xdeba sworad aRdgenili gamosaxulebebis mixedviT. normaa 6 da meti swori pasuxi. testis gamoyeneba SeiZleba jgufSic da individualuradac.

161

3.1.4. testi ,,mxedvelobiTi mexsiereba

mizani: mxedvelobiTi mexsierebis kvleva. aRwera: cdis pirs uCveneben 9 figuras, romelsac evaleba figurebis daTvaliereba da damaxsovreba 10 wamis ganmavlobaSi. Semdeg cdis pirs sTxoven damaxsovrebuli figurebis gaxsenebas warmodgenil 15 figuraSi.

instruqcia: `warmogidgenT cxrils figurebiT. Tqveni amocanaa 10 wamis ganmavlobaSi daixsomoT rac SeiZleba meti figura. 10 wamis Semdeg warmogidgenT axal cxrils, sadac unda aRadginoT Tqvens mier damaxsovrebuli figurebi. aRniSvnebi gaakeTeT figurebis qvemoT moTavsebul patara grafaSi.

Sedegebis Sefaseba: normis farglebSi cdis pirma unda aRadginos aranakleb 5-6 figura (7+2).

162

masala:
daimaxsovreT qvemoT naCvenebi figurebi

163

aRniSneT yvela is figura, romelic naCvenebi iyo wina furfcelze

164

3.2. yuradRebis Sesaswavli meTodikebi (test-davalebebi yuradRebis Sesaswavlad) 3.2.1. burdonis testi
mizani: yuradRebis koncentraciisa da mdgradobis Sefaseba. aRwera: kvleva tardeba specialuri blankebis daxmarebiT, sadac SemTxveviTi TanmimdevrobiT mwkrivebad mocemulia asoebi (an cifrebi, figurebi; SesaZloa blankis magivrad gamoyenebuli iqnes sagazeTo teqstic). cdis piri aTvalierebs teqsts an blanks Tanmimdevrulad da gadaxazavs instruqciaSi miTiTebul gansazRvrul asos an niSans. instruqcia: `miyeviT blankze mocemul asoTa rigebs da gadaxazeT aso `e. yovel 60 wamSi, Cems miTiTebaze, aRniSneT vertikaluri xaziT Tu ramdeni niSnis naxva moaswariT~. SesaZlebelia cdis Catarebis sxva variantebic: `waSaleT asoTaSeTanawyoba (magaliTad `no) an waSaleT erTi aso, xolo meores qveS xazi gausviT~. Sedegebis Sefaseba: cdis Sedegebi fasdeba: gamotovebuli (gamorCenili) aRuniSnavi mixedviT; Sesrulebis drois mixedviT; SemCneuli niSnebis raodenobis mixedviT.

niSnebis

raodenobis

mTavar maCvenebels warmoadgens xarisxis maxasiaTebeli da Sesrulebis tempi, romelic gamoixateba damuSavebuli striqonebisa da daSvebuli Secdomebis raodenobis mixedviT. muSaobis yovel 60 wamian intervalSi yuradRebis koncentracia iTvleba Semdegi formuliT: K=SxS/P, sadac, S aris cxrilis striqonebis raodenoba, romelic cdis pirma daaTvaliera; P SecdomaTa (gamotovebuli an SecdomiT gadaxazuli niSnebis) raodenoba (Secdomad iTvleba im asoebis gamotoveba, romlebic unda gadaexaza). fasdeba mTeli davalebis ganmavlobaSi yuradRebis mdgradoba daTvalierebis siswrafis cvlilebebiT. Sedegebi iTvleba yoveli 60 wamisaTvis Semdegi formuliT: A=S/t , sadac A Sesrulebis tempi; 165

S cxrilis daTvalierebul nawilSi asoebis raodenoba; t Sesrulebis dro. cdis Sedegebis mixedviT calkeuli intervalisTvis SeiZleba agebuli iqnes mrudi, romelic asaxavs yuradRebis mdgradobas da muSaobis dinamikas. yuradRebis gadarTvis maCvenebeli iTvleba Semdegi formuliT: C = SO / S * 100 , sadac SO - SecdomiT damuSavebuli striqonebis raodenoba; S - cdis piris mier cxrilis damuSavebul nawilSi striqonebis saerTo raodenoba. yuradRebis gadarTvis Sefasebisas cdis pirs eZleva instruqcia: gadaSalos (xazi gausvas) sxvadasxva asoebs cxrilis luw da kent striqonebSi.

meore varianti:

yuradRebis koncentraciis sakvlevi testi

mizani: dadgindes cdis piris yuradRebis koncentraciis xarisxi.

instruqcia:Lkandidatebs (cdis pirebs) urigdebaT specialuri blankebi, sadac SemTxveviTi TanmimdevrobiT dawerilia asoebi. cdis pirs evaleba _ yovel mwkrivSi amoSalos damkvirveblis mier aRniSnuli aso. davalebis Sesasruleblad aqvT winaswar gansazRvruli dro _ 5wT. Sefaseba: Sedegebi fasdeba daSvebuli Secdomebis (igulisxmeba SecdomiT waSlili asoebi, aseve gamotovebuli asoebi) mixedviT. yuradRebis koncentraciis xarisxi izomeba Semdegi formuliT:

S2 K= n
K _ yuradRebis koncentraciis maCvenebeli. S _ mwkrivebis, striqonebis ricxvi, romelic cdis pirma daamuSava; n _ SecdomaTa raodenoba _ gamotovebuli, SecdomiT gadaSlili asoebi.

Ks

max = 400

meTodikis masala:

166

gvari

_______________________

saxeli

_____________________

nosmkalverlkevssvmrlromoraekrekovnlmrslaoskemrvknsonealkramen okrnrvmlanrkloenmrvklsklmloearaslvmrnveonlarmssvavsekenogas mnskkraovlmenrslaosrvkennlaoemralsvmvoeasrnlsoeoamlnvkmronvk akvomresamekvormenokravsemalnlmrkesovmlnkesrneovmvaklasosmnl lomesnkavokovmnesalkvemrnaovskamrsomlkralesnrvlkevalmnesko oksenmlaveklvrnselarklmosrnrmaksgoanrmevklmsanmvokovaknsemol lmnososalkavmvoenrseknlmvosekrmlnlamesvarkonemrovkemasernovka vknormkvnlmaoeoslnrsaeovmvslarmeoalnnerkvrsoalsrnemlvoarkksnm sevoanekesvavssmralnoevnrmvlsaraeolmlkslkvrmneolkrnalmvrnrko nemarklaenosnkvrmeksoalsrmlnvokerkearomorlmvssveklrevlakmson sonakmevlklrsvemvsorlromkearokelnvsrmoaleksvrmsnkenoklamamaren rkovrnalmkrneolrmnlkvlksolmraelsarmvevnlnomravsssvaekeoansav snmrkkvoaemlsrnoalvrsnekalnmeolarmvseovrsaslnoeolnakvnormkvn vkarnoasekemrovnemrkosvaamelnlkrmoselmveknnrsvoeavmalksoslnm molnsevakokonmvasevklrmeoanksvrmasrnlmoarkselvrnekllavenmoks onmsakvlreklvessmvralmoroearkkevolnrmlslaksmevrnkosenlarkmane konrvrlmnakrolnermkvsllklmeorasavlrmvnoelnrasmvsvaesekanvosa nmksrkoalvemrnlsoarskvnelnoamearslmvovaerslnosoemanlkvrmnokv kaovrnsemakeovmrnmkoarsvmelalnrmekosmvnlekrsenvovmkaalosmsln olemnsakovokmvenasklevrmanvoksmanrsrmoklarefnsvrkfvefanmseok
167

saxeli --____________

gvari ______________

3 4 3 4 1 8 4 9 4 9 2 1 1 7 3 4 3 4 3 4 5 9 3 2 4 5 7 2 3 1 2 4 2 5 9 7 8 1 3 2 4 7 5 6 3 1 4 7 6 5 4 9 2 9 4 5 4 9 8 1 2 3 8 7 8 1 1 3 4 2 5 5 9 3 8 5 6 9 8 7 7 8 9 3 4 8 9 8 3 4 5 7 2 3 4 4 3 8 4 9 6 9 3 6 8 1 2 6 7 9 3 7 3 4 3 7 7 8 8 9 4 6 4 2 1 3 4 7 9 8 2 1 1 7 2 8 2 8 9 4 4 3 8 9 2 1 2 3 8 7 8 9 9 3 4 1 8 9 1 9 9 5 1 7 4 2 4 8 9 8 1 8 4 7 2 9 3 4 3 4 5 9 3 2 4 5 7 2 3 1 2 4 5 1 2 9 6 2 3 8 4 7 7 2 3 9 8 3 7 8 9 4 5 2 3 4 5 3 4 7 8 9 0 3 9 5 1 4 2 9 6 7 3 7 6 3 2 9 6 4 7 8 7 3 4 3 8 9 3 3 8 7 2 3 5 9 5 1 2 9 6 2 3 8 4 7 7 2 3 9 8 3 7 8 9 4 5 2 3 4 5 3 4 7 8 9 0 3 2 9 8 7 2 9 1 8 4 1 5 4 1 8 7 2 3 4 5 3 4 8 8 9 3 8 4 7 2 1 1 9 8 1 1 3 4 2 5 5 9 3 8 5 6 9 8 7 1 8 3 2 4 1 3 2 4 8 2 7 1 3 4 6 9 2 3 6 3 5 1 7 8 9 3 9 1 8 9 2 5 6 5 4 9 8 8 9 7 3 4 8 9 3 2 5 9 8 2 1 1 7 2 8 2 8 9 4 4 3 8 9 3 4 3 5 6 8 2 1 6 6 4 3 8 9 8 7 2 7 1 2 9 5 8 4 2 4 6 1 3 8 9 4 8 9 9 8 7 1 8 6 6 5 4 9 5 5 9 8 4 3 4 8 9 2 1 3 2 ) 0 3 5 4 5 4 2 1 2 3 8 7 8 9 9 3 4 1 8 9 1 9 9 8 4 2 8 3 4 3 8 5 6 2 9 2 6 8 7 8 7 3 4 3 8 9 3 3 8 7 2 3 5 9 4 3 4 8 9 2 1 3 2 ) 0 3 5 4 5 4 4 4 3 9 8 9 0 5 5 6 9 8 9 3 4 7 5 4 3 2 9 4 3 2 5 6 8 1 3 1 4 5 4 4 3 9 8 9 0 5 5 6 9 8 9 3 4 7 3 9 8 8 9 7 8 9 6 0 9 9 0 8 4 7 2 2 1 4 6 9 7 3 4 5 6 9 3 4 9 7 9 2 9 4 5 3 4 3 5 9 8 9 8 3 4 6 3 4 3 7 7 8 8 9 4 6 4 2 1 3 4 7 3 9 8 8 9 7 8 9 6 0 9 9 0 8 4 7 9 9 4 7 1 7 8 3 9 4 5 7 8 9 4 9 5 1 2 9 6 2 3 8 4 7 7 2 3 9 8 3 9 9 4 7 1 7 8 3 9 4 5 7 8 9 4 9 4 5 4 9 3 5 3 4 7 8 1 1 2 4 9 7 9 4 8 3 2 9 2 4 5 6 7 1 2 4 9 8 7 7 9 8 4 3 2 3 2 5 1 9 0 8 4 2 9 4 8 3 2 9 2 4 5 6 7 1 2 4 9 8 4 5 4 9 3 5 3 4 7 8 1 1 2 4 9 7 6 3 4 4 3 1 2 8 7 8 7 8 8 4 5 9 3 2 8 9 4 4 3 2 5 6 8 8 7 2 9 8 6 5 4 9 2 9 4 5 4 9 8 1 2 3 8 7 9 9 7 2 5 2 4 3 4 5 9 7 2 8 5 6 7 5 4 3 2 1 2 1 8 9 5 7 1 3 9 8 8 7 3 2 1 5 2 4 9 6 4 3 4 9 7 8 2 1 2 3 8 7 8 9 5 6 9 2 3 2 3 7 9 9 7 2 5 2 4 3 4 5 9 7 2 8 5 6 8 9 8 7 3 4 8 9 0 4 9 7 9 8 7 4 2 1 2 8 4 7 9 3 2 8 4 8 4 6 9 8 2 1 2 3 8 7 8 9 5 6 9 2 3 2 3 7

168

saxeli --____________

gvari ______________

169

3.2.2. testi: `yuradRebis ganawileba~

mizani: yuradRebis ganawilebis unaris Seswavla. instruqcia: cdis pirs eZleva Semdegi test-davaleba: a) dawereT ricxvebi 1 dan 20-mde, Tan xmamaRla daiTvaleT 20-dan 1mde. Tu cdis piri cdis dasawyisSive daibneva, mas sustad yuradRebis ganawileba. aqvs ganviTarebuli

b) xmamaRla daiTvaleT 1-dan 31-mde. daTvlisas gamotoveT samianis Semcveli ricxvebi da is ricxvebi, romelic samze iyofa (an maT adgilas TqviT sityva `maxsovs). swori Tvlis magaliTi: 1, 2, _, 4, 5, _, 7, 8, _, 10, 11, _, _, 14, _, 16, 17, _, 19, 20, _, 22, _, _, 25, 26, _, 28, 29, _, _, `_ niSani aRniSnavs ricxvebs, romlis nacvlad cdis pirma unda warmoTqvas `maxsovs~. Sedegebis damuSaveba: daiTvaleT Secdomebis raodenoba: maqsimumi 12; minimumi 0.

Secdomebis raodenobis mixedviT fasdeba yuradRebis ganawilebis unari. Tu Secdomebis raodenoba Seadgens 0-dan 4-s, iTvleba, rom cdis pirs yuradRebis ganawilebis kargi unari aqvs; saSualoa 5-7 Secdomisas; saSualoze dabalia 8-10 Secdomisas; cudia 11-12 Secdomisas.

170

3.2.3. testi `ricxvebis ganlageba

mizani: testis daniSnulebaa nebismieri yuradRebis Sefaseba. rekomendirebulia misi gamoyeneba profSerCevisas iseT specialobebisTvis, romlebic moiTxoven kargad ganviTarebul yuradRebas. instruqcia: `mocemulia ori 25 ujriani kvadrati. zeda kvadratSi mocemuli ricxvebi ganlagebulia SemTxveviTi wesiT. qvemoT moTavsebuli carieli kvadratis ujrebSi 2 wT-is ganmavlobaSi unda CaweroT zemoTa kvadratSi mocemuli ricxvebi zrdadobis mixedviT. ricxvebi iwereba striqonebSi Tanmimdevrulad. zeda kvadratSi raime aRniSvnis gakeTeba dauSvebelia. masala:

16 80 43 65 13
Sesavsebi blanki:

37 92 21 84 67

98 46 8 99 60

29 59 40 7 34

54 35 2 77 18

Sefaseba xdeba sworad Cawerili ricxvebis raodenobis mixedviT. saSualo normaa 22 da meti sworad Cawerili ricxvi.

171

3.2.4. yuradRebis ganawilebisa da gadarTvis testi.

mizani: yuradRebis ganawilebisa da gadarTvis unaris Sefaseba. aRwera: cxrilSi mocemulia Savi da TeTri feris ricxvebi 1-dan 24-mde. cdis pirs moeTxoveba moZebnos, miuTiTos da daasaxelos Savi feris ricxvebi zrdadobis mixedviT (1, 2, 3, . . .), xolo TeTrebi klebadobis mixedviT (24, 23, 22, . . . ), an piriqiT. davalebis Sesrulebis droisa da Secdomebis raodenobis mixedviT fasdeba cdis piris yuradRebis ganawilebisa da gadarTvis unari. instruqcia: `SexedeT cxrils. rigrigobiT maCveneT (daadeT TiTi) da damisaxeleT Savi feris ricxvebi zrdadobis mixedviT, xolo TeTrebi klebadobis mixedviT. magaliTad: 1 Savi, 24- TeTri, 2 Savi, 23 TeTri da a. S.~

masala:

172

Sedegebis damuSaveba da analizi: konsultanti afiqsirebs davalebis Sesrulebis dros da Secdomebis raodenobas. qulebi Sesrulebis dro 5 qula 2 wT. da 40 wm. (an naklebi) 4 qula 2 wT. da 41 wm. _ 5 wT. da 30 wm. 3 qula 5 wT. da 31 wm. _ 6 wT. da 30 wm. 2 qula 6 wT. da 31 wm. _ 8 wT. da 00 wm. 1 qula

Secdomebis raodenoba

1_2

3_4

im profesiebisTvis, sadac yuradRebis gadarTva warmoadgens profesiulad mniSvnelovan kompetencias, rogoricaa, mZRoli, aviadispeCeri, da a.S. Sedegebi unda Seadgendes aranakleb 4 qulas. esaa profvargisianobis zRurbli.

173

3.3. azrovnebis tipis gansazRvris meTodika

: . : ,, , ,,+ , - ,,-. : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. , ; ; ; , , ; ; , ; ; , , ; 9. , ; 10. ; 11. ; 12. ; 13. ; 14. ; 15. ; 16. ; 17. ; 18. , - ; 19. , ; 20. , ; 21. , ; 22. (, ); 23. ; 24. ; 25. ; 26. ; 27. , ; 28. ; 29. , , ; 30. , ; 31. , ;

174

32. ; 33. ; 34. , ; 35. ; 36. , ; 37. , , (); 38. , ; 39. ; 40. , .

- 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37

- 3 8 13 18 23 28 33 38

- 4 9 14 19 24 29 34 39

- 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

: . . . . , , : 0 2 -- ; 3 5 -- ; 6 8 -- .

175

1. - ( ) . (); . , , ... . 2. - ( - ). , , , , , . , . 3. - ( - ) , () . , , , , , . , . 4. - ( -- ). , , . , , , , , , .. 5. () () -- , . . , . ? , , - ?

176

3.4. logikuri azrovnebis Sefasebis meTodika

3.4.1. testi: `me-5 zedmetia~
mizani: logikuri azrovnebis Sefaseba. instruqcia: `yuradRebiT waikiTxeT sityvaTa SemoTavazebuli nakrebi da xazi gausviT im sityvas, romelic, Tqveni azriT, zedmetia. davaleba unda SeasruloT rac SeiZleba mokle droSi . masala: varianti 1. (SesrulebisTvis eZleva 2-3 wuTi) 1. rveuli, boqlomi, kalami, saSleli, fanqari. 2. kartofili, stafilo, lobio, boloki, alubali. 3. zamTari, wvima, gazafxuli, zafxuli, Semodgoma. 4. nabadi, Sarvali, Teqa, palto, qudi. 5. dafa, skola, carci, merxi, fanjara. 6. vaso, kekeliZe, ivane, Tedo, aleqsi. 7. atami, vaSli, yurZeni, kitri, komSi. 8. fiqri, sirbili, xtoma, varjiSi, siaruli. 9. Cai, Saqari, brinji, fqvili,saswori. 10. Weri, taxti, kedeli, iataki, fanjara. 11. zewari, sabani, leibi, xaliCa, baliSi. 12. fanduri, zurna, cekva, gitara, garmoni. 13. xorci, sadili, bostneuli, fqvili, burRuli. 14. nemsi, koWi, culi, Zafi, makrateli. 15. durgali, menejeri, zeinkali, qvismTleli, kalatozi. 16. magida, karada, skami, karebi, taxti. swori pasuxebi: 1. boqlomi; 2. alubali; 3. wvima; 4. Teqa; 5. fanjara; 6. kekeliZe; 7. kitri; 8. fiqri; 9. saswori; 10. taxti; 11. xaliCa; 12. cekva; 13. sadili; 14. culi; 15. agronomi; 16. karebi. varianti 2. (SesrulebisTvis eZleva 5 wuTi) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. giorgi, maka, Tea, niniZe, irakli. dromoWmuli, patara, beberi, gacveTili, Zveli. male, swrafad, TandaTanobiT, aCqarebulad, elviseburad. niadagi, foTolo, qerqi, nuJri, rto. siZulvili, aTvalwuneba, aRSfoTeba, guliswyroma, gageba. bneli, naTeli, TeTri, kaSkaSa, bundovani. bude, soro, saqaTme, sadarajo, bunagi. warumatebloba, Cavardna, mRelvareba, kraxi, zarali. miwisZvra, Zarcva, qurdoba, Tavdasxma, cecxlis wakideba. rZe, yveli, araJani, qoni, mawoni. dabali, naTeli, mware, Rrma, ganieri. warmateba, mogeba, simSvide, dawinaureba, gamarjveba.

177

13. 14. 15. 16.

Toxi, Tiva, boseli, naxiri, Zroxa. aryis xe, fiWvi, muxa, iasamani, naZvi. wami, saaTi, wuTi, erTi kvira, saRamo. guladi, mamaci, Seupovari, boroti, gambedavi.

swori pasuxebi: 1. niniZe; 2. patara; 3. TandaTanobiT; 4. niadagi; 5. gageba; 6. TeTri; 7. sadarajo; 8. mRelvareba; 9. miwisZvra; 10. qoni; 11. mware; 12. simSvide; 13. Toxi; 14. iasamani; 15. saRamo; 16. boroti. Sedegebis damuSaveba: rogorc wesi, cdis pirma ar unda dauSvas Secdoma. Tu SecdomaTa raodenoba aRemateba ors, SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom pirovnebis logikuri azrovnebis ganviTarebis done dabalia.

178

3.4.2. testi: `martivi analogiebi~

mizani: logikuri azrovnebis Sefaseba. aRwera: unda dadgindes logikuri kavSiri da urTierTmimarTuleba mocemul cnebebs Soris. gamoiyeneba 10 wlisa da ufrosi asakis pirebis logikuri azrovnebis Sesaswavlad. instruqcia: `mocemulia cnebebi, romelTa Soris arsebobs garkveuli logikuri kavSiri da urTierTmimarTeba. magaliTad: sityvebs `cxeni~ da `kvici~ Soris arsebobs logikuri kavSiri: kvici cxenis naSieria. jer unda gansazRvroT marcxena mxares mocemul sityvaTa Soris urTierTkavSiri, logikuri urTierTmimarTeba da Semdeg marjvena mxares moZebnoT misi Sesatyvisi analogia. magaliTad, xazs zemoT mocemulia sityva `Zroxa~ xolo mis qvemoT 5 asarCevi sityva. am xuTi sityvidan unda airCes mxolod erTi, romelic iseve Seesabameba sityva `Zroxas~, rogorc `kvici~ _ `cxens~, anu is unda niSnavdes Zroxis naSiers. es iqneba `xbo~ da igi unda SemoxazoT. aseve sxva magaliTebSic.~

masala:

cxeni kvici Txeli sqeli tyvia mZime kovzi fafa kvercxi naWuWi cigurebi zamTari yuri smena ZaRli balani Cai Saqari

Zroxa saZovari, rqebi, rZe, xbo, xari uSno lamazi, msuqani, binZuri, maxinji, mxiaruli bumbuli rTuli, RinRli, sabani, msubuqi, TeTri Cangali zeTi, dana, TefSi, xorci, WurWeli kartofili qaTami, bostani, kombosto, piure, nafrcqveni navi yinuli, ciga, niCabi, zafxuli. mdinare kbilebi yurebi, mkurnaloba, piri, jagrisi, ReWva oraguli cxvari, Tevzi, ankesi, qercli supi wyali, TefSi, burRuli, marili, kovzi

8 9

179

10

xe toti wvima qolga skola swavla simRera yru dana foladi Tevzi bade Citi bude puri mcxobeli palto Rili celi balaxi fexi Ceqma wyali wyurvili ZarRvi kapilari sirbili dgoma mgeli xaxa mcenare Tesli

xeli culi, xelTaTmani, fexi, samuSao, TiTi yinva joxi, sicive, marxili, zamTari, qurqi saavadmyofo eqimi, moswavle, dawesebuleba, mkurnaloba, avadmyofi suraTi xeibari, brma, mxatvari, naxati, avadmyofi magida Cangali, xe, skami, sakvebi, sufra buzi cxrili, koRo, oTaxi, bzuili, qseli admiani xalxi, bartyi, muSa, mxeci, saxli saxli vagini, qalaqi, sacxovrebeli, mSenebeli, karebi fexsacmeli mkeravi, maRazia, fexi, zonari, qudi makrateli Tiva, Tma, basri, foladi, instrumenti xeli fexsacmeli, muSti, xelTaTmani, TiTi, maja sakvebi daleva, SimSili, puri, piri, saWmeli wyali Wa, Wavli, mili, orTqli, Sadrevani yvirili dumili, cocva, xmauri, Zaxili, tirili Citi haeri, niskarti, bumbuli, kvarcxi, galoba Citi bude, niskarti, bumbuli, galoba, kvarcxi

11

12

13

14

15

16 17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

180

Teatri 26 mayurebeli rkina mWedeli fexi yavarjeni dila Rame

biblioTeka msaxiobi, wignebi, mkiTxveli, biblioTekari, xe kunZi, xerxi, durgali, qerqi, foTlebi Tvalebi joxi, saTvale, cremlebi, mxedveloba, cxviri zamTari yinva, dRe, ianvari, Semodgoma, marxili

27

28 29

Sedegebis damuSaveba da interpretacia: Cveulebriv cdis piri amocanis gadawyvetas iTvisebs 2-3 magaliTis Semdeg. Tu cdis piri 3-4 jer zedized uSvebs SemTxveviT Secdomebs, es miuTiTebs mis aramyar azrovnebaze an daRlilobaze. swori da araswori pasuxebis daTvliT da konkretul asociaciebze msjelobiT SesaZlebelia Sefasdes cdis piris azrovnebis ganviTarebis done da is, Tu azrovnebis romeli forma aqvs ufro ganviTarebuli _ TvalsaCino Tu logikuri.

181

3.4.3. testi: `rTuli analogiebi~

mizani: logikuri azrovnebis Sefaseba. aRwera: meTodika gamoiyeneba imis dasadgenad, Tu ramdenad SeuZlia cdis pirs rTuli logikuri urTierTkavSiris gageba da abstraqtuli kavSiris gansazRvra. meTodika Sedgeba sityvaTa 20 wyvilisgan _ logikuri davalebebisgan, romelic unda amoxsnas cdis pirma. instruqcia: `davalebis blankze mocemulia sityvaTa 20 wyvili, romlebic erTmaneTTan logikur kavSirSi arian. `SifrSi~ mocemul sityvaTa 6 wyvili aRniSnavs logikuri kavSiris eqvs tips. Tqveni amocanaa: gansazRvroT `SifrSi~ wyvilis saxiT mocemul sityvebs Soris logikuri damokidebuleba, xolo Semdeg, davalebaSi mocemul sityvaTa wyvilebSi moZebnoT `SifrSi~ mocemuli 6 damokidebulebis analogebi da Sesabamis ujraSi SemoxazoT pasuxis Sesatyvisi analogiis niSani (`a~, `b~, `g~. . . ). davalebis Sesasruleblad geZlevaT 3 wuTi.~

masala: Sifri a b g d e v davaleba: 17 1 18 2 19 3 20 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 sigrile _ yinva SiSi _ gaqceva sicrue _ undobloba fizika __mecniereba simRera xelovneba cxadia _ aSkaraa goraki _ mTa cxeni _ jogi wyvili _ ori sityva _ winadadeba adre _ gvian Tavisufleba _ damoukidebloba vardi _ yvavili qeba _ gineba daTesva _ mosavali aTi _ ricxvi tirili _ qviTini Tavi _ romani uZraoba _ moZraoba mamacoba _ gmiroba
a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v

cxvari muxa zRva sinaTle mowamvla viri

_ _ _ _ _ _

fara xe okeane sibnele sikvdili saxedari

182

Sedegebis damuSaveba da interpretacia: gasaRebi: 1 e 2 b 3 v 4 a 5 v 6 a 7 d 8 v 9 g 10 d 11 e 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 b v a d v g e b g

Sefaseba: Sefaseba qulebSi swori pasuxebis raodenoba 9 19 8 18 7 17 6 15 5 12-14 4 10-11 3 8-9 2 7 1 6

minimaluri swori pasuxebis raodenobaa 12-14, anu normaa 5 da meti qula. Sedegebis analizi: Tu cdis pirma gansakuTrebuli Zalisxmevis gareSe sworad amoxsna davaleba da logikurad axsna yvela urTierTmimarTeba, es gvaZles saSualebas davaskvnaT, rom mas SeuZlia absatraqciisa da rTuli logikuri kavSirebis gageba. Tu cdis pirs uWirs instruqciis gagebac ki da davalebis Sesrulebisas uSvebs Secdomebs, Sedegebisa da daSvebuli Secdomebis guldasmiTi analizis Semdeg SeiZleba gakeTdes daskvna, rom cdis pirs ara aqvs ganviTrebuli logikuri azrovnebis unari, azrovneba aqvs gafantuli da uWirs logikuri kavSirebis analogebis gageba, gaazreba.

183

3.4.4. testi: `raodenobrivi mimarTeba~

mizani: logikuri azrovnebis Sefaseba. aRwera: meTodika gaTvaliswinebulia zrdasruli adamianebisaTvis. gamosacdelebs eZlevaT 18 logikuri amocana. TiToeuli amocana Seicavs or logikur winapirobas. maTSi Semavali asoebi raRac garkveul raodenobriv urTierTTanafardobaSi arian erTmaneTTan. am logikur winapirobebeze dayrdnobiT unda amoixsnas Tu ra damokidebulebaa asoebs Soris, romelic mocemulia xazis qvemoT. instruqcia: `Tqven geZlevaT 18 logikuri davaleba amosaxsnelad. yoveli maTgani Seicavs or logikur winapirobas. am logikur davalebebze dayrdnobiT unda daadginoT, ra urTierTdamokidebulebaa asoebs Soris, romlebic xazs qvemoTaa mocemuli da aRniSneT es damokidebuleba Semdegi maTematikuri niSnebis daxmarebiT ` > (metia) da ` < (naklebia). Sesrulebis dro 5 wuTi~. masala: 1. A metia B-ze 9-jer B naklebia C-ze 6-jer C 2. A 11. 10. A metia B-ze 9-jer B naklebia C-ze 12-jer C A metia B metia A 12. A naklebia B metia C 13. A naklebia B metia C 14. A B-ze 6-jer C-ze 7-jer C B-ze 3-jer C-ze 5-jer A B-ze C-ze A 10-jer 3-jer

A naklebia B-ze 10-jer B metia C-ze 6-jer A C

3.

A metia B-ze 3-jer B naklebia C-ze 6-jer C A

4.

A metia B-ze 4-jer B naklebia C-ze 3-jer C A

5.

A naklebia B-ze 3-jer B metia C-ze 7-jer A C

A naklebia B-ze 2-jer B metia C-ze 8-jer A C

6.

A naklebia B-ze 3-jer B metia C-ze 4-jer

15.

A metia B-ze 4-jer B naklebia C-ze 3-jer

184

C 7.

A 16.

A metia B-ze 2-jer B naklebia C-ze 5-jer A C

A naklebia B-ze 3-jer B metia C-ze 2-jer A C

8.

A naklebia B-ze 5-jer B metia C-ze 6-jer C A

17.

A metia B-ze 4-jer B naklebia C-ze 7-jer C A

9.

A naklebia B-ze 5-jer B metia C-ze 2-jer A C

18.

A metia B-ze 3-jer B naklebia C-ze 5-jer A C mixedviT. zrdasruli

Sefaseba xdeba swori pasuxebis raodenobis adamianisaTvis normaa _ 10 da meti swori pasuxi. gasaRebi:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

C<A A<C C>A C<A A>C C>A A<C C<A C> A

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

A>C C<A A<C C<A A<C C<A A<C C>A A>C

185

3.4.5. testi: `ricxvTa mwkrivis kanonzomierebebi~

mizani: logikuri azrovnebis Sefaseba. aRwera: am meTodikis saSualbiT xdeba maTemaTikuri azrovnebis logikuri aspeqtis Sefaseba. cdis pirebma unda ipovon kanonzomiereba mocemul Svidive mwkrivSi da daweron swori ricxvi. Sesrulebis droa 5 wuTi. instruqcia: `Tqven geZlevaT ricxvTa 7 mwkrivi. unda ipovoT TiToeul mwkrivSi ricxvebis wyobis kanonzomiereba da CaweroT gamotovebuli ricxvebi.~ masala: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) gasaRebi: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 12 25 13 36 13 44 10 46 4 9 36 20 38 24 1 16 1 7 2 24 21 4 17 3 16 4 22 19 9 15 6 19; 8 19 18 16 18 8 5 10 15 15 14 16 21 20 13 19 18 16; 22 49 9 64 76 4 92 94 78 7 81 100

Sedegebis damuSaveba da interpretacia:

186

cdis Catarebis Semdeg xdeba Sedegebis damuSaveba anu iTvleba swori pasuxebis raodenoba. zrdasruli adamianisTvis normas Seadgens 3 da meti swori pasuxi. Tu cdis pirs gauWirda msgavsi davalebis Sesruleba, e.i. igi cudad aanalizebs cifrobriv masalas, ver xedavs masSi dafarul kanonzomierebas, amitomac ar SeuZlia maTi gamoyeneba. Sesabamisad, misi ganviTarebuli. logikuri azrovneba maTematikaSi sustadaa

187

3.4.6.
mizani:

ravenis `logikuri azrovnebis sakvlevi testi~

logikuri azrovnebis Sefaseba.

aRwera: ravenis meTodika gamoiyeneba pirovnebis logikuri azrovnebis unaris Sesafaseblad. cdis pirebs eZlevaT naxatebi figurebiT, romlebic erTmaneTTan dakavSirebulia gansazRvruli kanonzomierebiT. naxatze ar aris warmodgenili (aklia) qvemoT mocemuli 6-8 figuridan erTerTi. cdis piris amocanaa daadginos is kanonzomiereba, riTac erTmaneTTan dakavSirebulia figurebi naxatze didi figuris cariel fragmentTan. cdis pirma Sesabamisi figuris nomeri unda miuTiTos pasuxebis furcelze. testi Sedgeba 60 naxatisagan. praqtikaSi gamoiyeneba aseve Semoklebuli varianti 30 naxatiT. winamdebare krebulSi Setanilia testis mokle varianti. testireba droSi reglamentirebulia. imisTvis rom drois kontroli da daregulireba moxdes, konsultantma aucilebelad unda adevnos Tvalyuri, rom cdis pirma brZanebis (`SeudeqiT testis Sesrulebas) miRebamde ar gadaSalos masala. testirebis drois gasvlisTanave unda Sewydes davalebis Sesruleba (brZanebaze: `daxureT cxrili). instruqcia: `Tqvens winaSea 30 amocana. yovel amocanaSi mocemulia didi marTxkuTxedi, romelSic garkveuli kanonzomierebiT Caxazulia sxvadasxva figurebi. aqve gamotovebulia figuris erT-erTi Semadgeneli elementi. Tqven gevalebaT qvemoT warmodgenili figurebidan SearCioT iseTi, romelic Tqveni azriT, Seefereba zemoT arsebul kanonzomierebebs, e.i. moZebnoT Sesaferisi figura, romelic am marTxkuTxeds dasrulebul azrsa da saxes miscemda. amocanis Sesasruleblad geZlevaT 20 wuTi. amocanis amoxsnisas imoqmedeT Tanmimdevrulad, arcerTi amocana ar datovoT upasuxod. yoveli amocanis pasuxi CawereT pasuxebis furcelSi Sesabamisi nomris gaswvriv. masala:

188

189

190

191

192

10

193

11

12

194

13

14

195

15

16

196

17

18

197

19

20

198

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22

199

23

24

200

25

26

201

27

28

202

29

30

203

pasuxebis furceli
saxeli ____________________ gvari ______________________ asaki __________ profesia (specialoba) _________________

davalebis #

swori pasuxebis #

davalebis #

swori pasuxebis #

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

204

gasaRebi: amocanis # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 swori pasuxis # 2 2 3 2 3 4 6 2 3 6 3 5 2 8 4 1 6 2 4 7 6 4 2 6 6 2 5 4 6 5 pasuxis qulebi 1 3 1 5 3 5 2 3 5 4 6 6 4 7 3 6 6 5 5 7 7 8 6 7 4 7 8 7 8 6

Sedegebis damuSaveba da interpretacia: testirebis Sedegebis daTvlis Semdeg xdeba maTi Sefaseba pirobiTi qulebiT Semdegi cxrilis mixedviT: Sefaseba qulebSi swori pasuxebis qulaTa jami 9 143 8 129142 7 115128 6 101114 5 87100 4 7386 3 5972 2 4558 1 44

rac ufro maRalia Sefaseba pirobiT qulebSi, miT ufro ganviTarebuli aqvs pirovnebas logikuri azrovneba.

205

3.5. inteleqtis donis Seswavlis meTodika

3.5.1. kaliforniis universitetis testi inteleqtis Sesamowmeblad
mizani: pirovnebis inteleqtualuri SesaZleblobebis Sefaseba. instruqcia: `yuradRebiT waikiTxeT mocemuli kiTxvebi da pasuxebi dawereT furcelze. davalebis Sesasruleblad geZlevaT ... wuTi.~ masala: 1. profesori dasaZineblad wveba 8 saaTze, maRviZaras ki dilis 9 saaTze ayenebs. ramden saaTs iZinebs profesori? 2. SeuZlia Tu ara mamakacs colad SeirTos Tavisi qvrivis da? 3. aris Tu ara 9 aprili avstraliaSi? 4. vaxtangs 10 cxvari hyavda, 9-is garda yvela daeRupa. ramdeni cxvari darCa varxtangs? 5. Tqven xarT TviTmfrinavis piloti, romelic havaidan alJiris gavliT TbilisSi dafrinavs. ramdeni wlis aris piloti? 6. Cveulebriv, Tve 30-31 ricxviT mTavrdeba, romel TveSia 28 ricxvi? 7. Tqven SedixarT Cabnelebul oTaxSi, sadac ori lamfaa, gazis da benzinis, ras aanTebdiT pirvelad? 8. erTi matarebeli baTumidan TbilisSi, xolo meore Tbilisidan baTumSi midis. isini erTdroulad gamovidnen. pirveli matareblis siCqare 3-jer aRemateba meorisas. romeli matarebeli iqneba ufro Sors Tbilisidan matareblebis Sexvedris momentSi? 9. mama da Svili katastrofaSi moyvnen. mama gardaicvala. saavadmyofoSi biWTan Sedis qirurgi, romelic amtkicebs, es biWi Cemi Sviliao. SesaZlebelia Tu ara es? 10. arqeologebma ipoves moneta, romelic daTariRebulia Cv.w. aRricxvamde 35 wliT. SesaZlebelia Tu ara es? 11. joxi 12 nawilad unda daxerxon. ramden adgilas dasWirdeba gadaxerxva? 12. ramdeni cxoveli iyo noes kidobanSi? 13. eqimma sami nemsi unda gaukeTos avadmyofs yovel naxevar saaTSi. ra dro dasWirdeba amas? 14. ramdeni cxra gvxvdeba 1-dan 100-mde? 15. martoxela Ramis daraji gardaicvala dRisiT. miscemen Tu ara pensias? 16. enTo 7 sanTeli. 3 Caqra. ramdeni darCa? 17. aguris wonaa erTi kg-s plius naxevari aguri. ramdens iwonis aguri? 18. rogori buCqis qveS zis kurdReli wvimis dros?

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swori pasuxebi: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 1 saaTs. ra Tqma unda, ara. 9 aprili yvela qveyanaSia. darCa 9 cxvari. ramdeni wlisac xarT Tqvan. 28 ricxvi yvela TveSia. asanTs. orive Tanabrad. ki, Tu deda qirurgia. ara. 11 adgilas. yvela wyvil-wyvilad. erTi saaTi. cxrameti: 9,19,29,39,49,59,69,79,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99. ara. darCeboda sami sanTeli, radgan oTxi Caiwveboda. 2kg-s. sveli.

Sedegebis Sefaseba da interpretacia: 0-1 2-4 5-6 7-ze Secdoma: gamorCeuli inteleqtis mqone adamiani (talanti). Secdoma: inteleqtuali. Secdoma: normaluri inteleqtis mqone adamiani. meti Secdoma: inteleqtis dabali done.

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Tavi IV. testireba da profesiuli konsultireba

konsultaciisas fsiqologiuri testebis gamoyeneba Sesabamis profesiul codnasa da unar-Cvevebs, did pasuxismgeblobas, garkveul sifrTxiles da konsultirebis principebis dacvas moiTxovs. konsultirebis miznebi da saSualebebi ufro farToa, vidre testirebis. konsultirebisaTvis testebis garda SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnes dakvirvebisa da gasaubrebis meTodebi. yvela saSualeba konsultirebis mizanze da am miznisaTvis aucilebeli informaciis miRebaze unda iyos mimarTuli. araobieqturi, tendenciuri an arakvalificiuri konsultantis mier diagnostikuri monacemebis gamoyenebam SeiZleba pirovnebis interesebs, janmrTelobas an Rirsebas seriozuli ziani miayenos. es gansakuTrebiT exeba testirebis Sedegebs, ramdenadac standartizirebuli testebi maTi siadvilisa da xelmisawvdomobis iluzias qmnis. amitom testirebis Catarebamde rig SekiTxvebze dafiqreba da pasuxis gacema testirebis efeqtianobisa da mizanmimarTulobis gazrdis mniSvnelovani pirobaa. ra SemTxvevaSia mizanSewonili fsiqologiuri testirebis gamoyeneba? testireba farTod gamoiyeneba adamianis inteleqtis, pirovnebis individualuri maxasiaTeblebis, pirovnebaTSorisi urTierTobebisa da adamianis fsiqikuri mdgomareobis Sesafaseblad ganaTlebis, jandacvis, dasaqmebis, biznesis, ojaxuri konsultirebis sferoebSi. testebi SesaZleblobas iZleva Sefasdes pirovnebis profesiuli unarebi da midrekilebebi, profesiuli vargisianoba, fsiqikuri janmrTeloba da Sromisunarianoba, moxdes swavlaSi mosalodneli sirTuleebis prognozireba, jgufuri muSaobisaTvis Sesaferisi kadrebis SerCeva, xelmZRvanelobis stilis analizi, fsiqologiuri klimatis gansazRvra, konfliqtebis Tavidan acileba da a.S. Sesabamisad, testirebis gamoyenebis areali proforientaciis mizniTac sakmaod farToa. ra uSlis xels konsultirebisaTvis testebis gamoyenebas? testirebis gamoyeneba zogjer SeiZleba gaumarTlebeli iyos rogorc konsultantis, ise klientis poziciebidan. klients SeiZleba aSinebdes sakuTari piradi maxasiaTeblebis gaSifvra an testirebis Sedegebis arasworad gamoyeneba. amasTan, igi SeiZleba pasiurad da momxmareblurad moekidos konsultirebis process. Tavis mxriv, fsiqologma SeiZleba CaTvalos, rom testirebis standartuli procedura xels uSlis mis araformalur kontaqts klientTan. SesaZlebelia, rom igi sakmarisad ar endobodes testirebis Sedegebs imis gamo, rom praqtikaSi mas Sexvedria saeWvo saimedobis testebi, anda maT konstruqciaze ara aqvs mTlad naTeli warmodgena. da bolos, SesaZlebelia igi kargad ver flobdes testirebis meTodikas an xelT ar hqondes konkretuli amocanis Sesatyvisi testebi. rodis ar aris saWiro konsultaciisaTvis testebis gamoyeneba?

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im SemTxvevaSi, roca saWiroa konsultantis operatiuli reagireba, pirovnebis individualuri Taviseburebebis Sesaswavlad fsiqologiuri testebis gamoyeneba ar aris aucilebeli da SesaZlebelia konsultireba gasaubrebis safuZvelze ganxorcieldes. testebis gamoyeneba SeiZleba aRar iyos saWiro Sesafasebel pirovnebasTan xangrZlivi muSaobis drosac, vinaidan klientTan mWidro kontaqti da uSualo nacnoboba konsultants aZlevs misi SefasebisaTvis saWiro informacias. ras aZlevs testireba konsultants? testirebis sworad gamoyenebisas SesaZlebelia:

sakmaod obieqturad gamovlindes pirovnebis interesebi, midrekilebebi, fsiqologiuri Taviseburebebi da mdgomareoba; klientTan kontaqtis SedarebiT advilad damyareba; klientis ndobis SedarebiT advilad mopoveba da SenarCuneba; struqturirebuli saubrisaTvis sakmarisi masalis mogroveba; klientis aqtiurobis optimizacia; klientisaTvis dasabuTebuli rekomendaciis SeTavazeba.

ra moeTxoveba konsultants testirebis gamoyenebisas? standartizirebuli testebis gamoyeneba konsultantisgan moiTxovs:

konkretuli testuri meTodikis gamoyenebis wesebisa da unarebis codnas; diagnostikuri maCveneblebis Sinaarsis codnasa da maTi interpretaciis unars; fsiqo-diagnostikuri kvlevebis dagegmvas klientis moTxovnebisa da molodinebis, Sesaswavli problemis Sinaarsisa da muSaobis obieqturi pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT; arastandartuli amocanebis gadasawyvetad axali meTodebis, kiTxvarebis, testebis codnas; gazomvisa da skalirebis, monacemTa statistikuri damuSavebis, informatikisa da kompiuteruli teqnikis sferoSi sabaziso codnas.

ra tipiuri Secdomebi gvxvdeba testirebis gamoyenebisas?

araadeqvaturi testebis SerCeva; araswori diagnostikuri gadawyvetilebebis miReba; klientisaTvis diagnostikis Sedegebis arakoreqtuli formiT miwodeba (miuRebelia: klientisaTvis testirebis Sedegebis werilobiTi formiT an kompiuteruli amonabeWdis saxiT miwodeba; testirebis Sedegebis klientisaTvis gacnoba masTan winaswari

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muSaobis gareSe; pirovnebis Sesaxeb informaciis arakoreqtuli eniT miwodeba). imisaTvis, rom konsultantma klientis pirovneba koreqtulad daaxasiaTos, unda gamoiyenos pirovnuli Tvisebebis refreimingis Semdegi principebi: 1. denominalizaciis principi _ pirovnebis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebis aRmniSvneli terminebis formulireba imdagvarad, rom saubari iyos ara misTvis damaxasiaTebel ama Tu im Tvisebaze, aramed imaze, Tu ras akeTebs an grZnobs igi; 2. konteqstualizaciis principi _ miTiTeba situaciis Sinaarsze, romelSic SeiZleba pirovnebis niSnebis SemCneva. am principis Sesabamisad konsultanti saubrobs imaze, Tu rodis da sad iqceva adamiani qcevis ama Tu im nimuSis Sesabamisad (magaliTad, iseTi Tvisebebi, rogoricaa agresiuloba, TavSeukavebuloba, TviTdajereba, uyuradReboba da a.S. klients xSirad miewereba rogorc ucvleli Tvisebebi da ar xdeba imis miwodeba, Tu ra sitiaciebSi, rodis da sad avlens igi am Tvisebebs. klients arapirdapir unda mivaniSnoT, rom igi yovelTvis ar aris aseTi da situaciis mixedviT SeuZlia Secvalos Tavisi qmedeba); 3. dadebiTi reinterpretaciis principi _ adamianis qcevis gansazRvrebaSi uaryofiTis Secvla dadebiTiT, damadasturebliT, romelic ar Seicavs nawilaks `ara~. dadebiTi reinterpretacia saSualebas aZlevs konsultants uari Tqvas iseTi gamonaTqvamebis gamoyenebaze, rogoricaa: `ar SeuZlia~, `ara aqvs unari~, _ romlebic gviqmnian warmodgenas klientis SezRudul SesaZleblobebze da ama Tu im Tvisebis ararsebobaze. magaliTad, refreimingis principebis Sesabamisad adamiani iseTi TvisebiT, rogoricaa `gadauwyveteloba~, SeiZleba warmoCndes pirovnebad, romelic nela, magram dakvirvebiT iRebs gadawyvetilebas; urC pirovnebaze SeiZleba visaubroT rogorc adamianze, romelsac SeuZlia uari Tqvas sxva adamianebis moTxovnebis Sesrulebaze da imoqmedos Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr da a.S. refreimingis gamoyeneba exmareba klients:

ufro zustad da sworad gaigos sakuTari fsiqologiuri Taviseburebebi an sxva adamianebis Taviseburebebi, axleburad Seafasos pirovnuli Tvisebebi, aRmoaCinos moulodneli Rirsebebi; gaifarTovos warmodgena garkveul garemoebebSi qcevis ama Tu im wesis arCevis SesaZleblobebze; moaxdinos orientireba sxvadasxva situaciebze. airCios situacia, romelic ufro metad Seesabameba mis SesaZleblobebs; pirovneba iRebs informacias imaze, Tu ra aklia, ra unarebs ar flobs, risi gakeTeba SeuZlia an ar SeuZlia. testirebis uaryofiTi Sedegebis, naklovanebebis, problemebis, sirTuleebis Sesaxeb informaciis miwodebis paralelurad aucilebelia pozitiuri

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maCveneblebis, Zlieri mxareebis, unarebis Sesaxeb informirebac. aseTi midgoma SesaZleblobas aZlevs klients dafiqrdes alternatiul qcevebze, situaciebsa da resursebze. es daexmareba mas da gauZlierebs orientacias cvlilebebsa da problemebis gadaWraze. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, igi dakargavs sakuTari Tavis Secvlis, problemebis gadawyvetis imeds da SeiZleba Tavis Tavs miaweros is Tvisebebic, romlebic mas sinamdvileSi ar axasiaTebs. amrigad, refreimingis principebidan gamomdinare, pirovnebis maxasiaTeblebi ganixileba, rogorc sxvadasxva situaciebSi adamianis reagirebis unarTa erToblioba. am SemTxvevaSi pirovnuli niSnebi aRiqmeba rogorc adamianis qceva an gancda garkveul situaciaSi. amasTan, pirovnebis nebismieri maxasiaTebeli SeiZleba ganisazRvros rogorc pozitiuri Tviseba, romelic adamians garkveul garemosTan Seguebis SesaZleblobas aZlevs. magaliTad, pedanturoba SeiZleba formulirebuli iqnes rogorc sakuTar saqmeebSi wesrigisa da sizustisadmi miswrafeba. mSfoTvare adamiani SeiZleba daxasiaTdes pirovnebad, romelsac SeuZlia SiSisa da SfoTvis gancda situaciebSi, romelTac igi aRiqvams saxifaTod; adamianis uyuradReboba SeiZleba aixsnas imiT, rom mas yuradReba gadatanili aqvs misTvis ufro saintereso da mimzidvel saqmeze da a.S. asea proforientaciis sferoSic, roca profesiaTa garkveuli tipisadmi unar-Cvevebis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi pirovneba unda Sefasdes ara rogorc profesiulad uvargisi (`ar vargixarT am profesiisaTvis~), aramed rogorc sxva tipis profesiuli saqmianobisaTvis ufro Sesaferis kandidatad (`Tqven ukeTes Sedegebs miaRwevT. . .~) da a.S. testireba da konsultaciis pirovnebis sworad Sefasebasa da SeTavazebaSi exmareba. teqnikis floba konsultants dasabuTebuli rekomendaciebis

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gamoyenebuli literatura
1. uznaZe d. profesiaTa fsiqologiis aqtualuri amocanebisa da Teoriuli safuZvlebis Sesaxeb. Tb., 2007. 2. qiria g. samuSaos aRwera da analizi. wignSi: adamianuri resursebis menejmenti. Tb.: Sps `aradani~. 1999. 3. kutalaZe i. adamianuri resursebis marTvis ZiriTadi aspeqtebi. wignSi: adamianuri resursebis menejmenti. Tb.: Sps `aradani~. 1999. 4. merabiSvili g. zogadi da iuridiuli fsiqologia. Tb., 1998. 5. paiWaZe n. personalis marTva. Tb.: Tsu gamomcemloba, 2003. 6. personalis marTva: meTodur-praqtikuli saxelmZRvanelo. Tb., 2003. 7. Carkviani d. fsiqologia industriul organizaciebSi: Teoria, kvleva, praqtika. Tb., 2001. 8. Norman E. Amundson, JoAnn Harris-Bowlsbey, Spencer G. Niles. Essential Elements of Career Counseling: Processes and Techniques. Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Pearson/Merrill/Prentice-Hall, c2005. 9. Jean M. Kummerow. New directions in career planning and the workplace: practical strategies for career management professionals. Palo Alto, Calif. : Davies-Black, 2000. 10. Howard Figler and Richard N. Bolles. The career counselor's handbook. Berkeley, Calif. : Ten Speed Press, c1999. 11. Janice M. Guerriero, Robert Glenn Allen. Key questions in career counseling: techniques to deliver effective career counseling services. Mahwah, N.J. : L.Erlbaum Associates, 1998. 12. Lee E. Isaacson, Duane Brown. Career information, career counseling, and career development. Boston : Allyn and Bacon, c1997. 13. Career Guidance at Labour Offices in The Czech Republic. Prague, 2004. 14. . . . ., 1996. 15. . : 2 . . 1: . / . . ., 1982 16. . . . .: ,,. 2001. 17. . : . 2001. 18. . . . ., 1996. 19. . - - , 2004. 20. . . . ., 1996. 21. . . , 2003. 22. 1. , , . ., 1996. veb-gverdebi: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. www. careercounseling.com www. online.onetcenter.org www. jobhuntersbible.com www. referatoff.ru www. monax.ru www. azps.ru www. elitarium.ru

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