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PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS Prof. Elizabeth Aguiling-Pangalangan First Semester, AY 2009-2010 Reference book: Tolentino, Vol.

1, Civil Code COURSE OUTLINE AND SYLLABUS OF READINGS

I.

Introduction

A. Intersection of Modern Constitutional Developments and Traditional Family Law 1. Provisions of the 1987 Constitution Sec. 12, Sec. 14, Art. II Sec. 1, Art. III Art. XV 2. Overview of Due Process and Equal Protection Cases Cases: Griswold v. Connecticut Eisenstadt v. Baird II. Civil Personality A. Concept and Classes of Persons Arts. 37, 40-47, Civil Code Cases: Geluz v. CA (1961) People v. Tirol (1981) Joaquin v. Navarro (1953) B. Capacity to Act and Restrictions Thereon 1. Presumption of Capacity Case: Standard Oil Co. v. Arenas (1911) 2. Restrictions Arts. 6, 38-39, Civil Code a. Minority RA 6809 i. Effect on Contracts Arts. 1327, 1390 (1), 1403 (3), 1397, 1399,

1426-27, 1489, Civil Code Cases: Mercado v. Espiritu (1917) Bambalan v. Maramba Branganza v. Villa Abrille (1959) ii. Effect on Marriage Arts. 5, 35, Family Code Effect on Crimes Arts. 12, 68, Revised Penal Code RA 9344

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b. Insanity i. Effect on Contracts Arts. 1327, 1328, 1399, Civil Code Effect on Crimes Art. 12, Revised Penal Code Effect on Marriage Arts. 45, 47, Family Code

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c. State of being deaf-mute Arts. 1327, 807, 820, Civil Code

d. Prodigality Art. 92 (2), Rules of Court Case: Martinez v. Martinez (1902) e. Civil Interdiction Art. 34, Revised Penal Code Arts. 54, 123, Civil Code Arts. 11.2, 13.5, Revised Penal Code f. Family Relations Arts. 37, 87, 215, Family Code Arts. 1109, 1490, Civil Code g. Absence Arts. 390, 391, Civil Code Art. 124, Family Code III. Pre-Marital Controversy Breach of Promise to Marry 2

Arts. 19-21, 2176, Civil Code Cases: Wassmer v. Velez (1964) Tanjanco v. CA (1966) De Jesus v. Syquia (1933) Piccininni v. Hajus (US: 1980) Reading: Heartbalm Statutes and Deceit Actions (June 1985)

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Definition and Nature of Marriage Art. 1, Family Code Sec. 1-4, Art. XV, Constitution Cases: Loving v. Virginia (US: 1967) Zablocki v. Redhail (US: 1978)

A. Marriage Models 1. Traditional Marriage Cases: Graham v. Graham (US: 1940) Bradwell v Ilinois

2. Challenges to the Traditional Marriage Model a. The Changing Status of Women Case: Dunn v. Palermo (US: 1975) b. By Private Contract: When Valid? When Void? Cases: In Re Santiago (1940) Selanova v. Mendoza (1975) Readings: Economics and the Public Purpose (Galbraith, 1973) Legal Regulation on Marriage: Tradition and Change (Weitzman) B. Requisites of Marriage Arts. 2-3, Family Code 1. Essential Requisites 3

a. Legal Capacity; male and female Cases: Jones v. Hallahan (US: 1973) Goodridge v. Department of Public Health (US: 2003) Silverio v Republic (2007)

b. Consent Freely Given Arts. 4, 45(3), Family Code Cases: People v. Santiago (1927) Buccat v. Mangonon de Buccat (1941) Eigenmann v. Guerra (1964) 2. Formal Requisites Art. 26, Family Code Art. 17, Family Code a. Authority of Solemnizing Officer Arts. 4, 7, 10, 31, 32, 35 (2), Family Code Art 3, Civil Code Cases: Navarro v. Domagtoy (1996) Araes v. Occiano (2002)

b. Marriage License Arts. 9-34, Family Code PD 965 (1976) Cases: Republic v. CA (1994) Moreno v. Bernabe (1995) People v. Borromeo (1984) Seguisabal v. Cabrera (1981) Alcantara v. Alcantara (2007) c. Ceremony Arts. 3, 6, 8, 28, 29, 22-24, Family Code Cases: Martinez v. Tan (1909) Madridejo v. de Leon (1930) 3. Presumption of Marriage Art. 220, Civil Code 4

Section 3 (aa), Rule 13, Rules of Court Cases: Trinidad v. CA (1998) Vda. de Jacob v. CA (1999) Sevilla v. Cardenas (2006) V. Void and Voidable Marriages A. Void Marriages 1. Grounds a. Art. 4, 35, 37-41, 44, Family Code Arts. 390-391, Civil Code Cases: People v. Mendoza (1954) Tolentino v. Paras (1983) Wiegel v. Sempio-Dy (1986) Terre v. Terre (1992) Atienza v. Brillantes (1995) Borja-Manzano v. Sanchez (2001) b. Art. 36 (Read annotations in Sempio-Diy, Handbook of The Family Code of the Philippines) Cases: Santos v. Bedia-Santos (1995) Republic. v. CA & Molina (1997) Tsoi v. CA (1997) Choa v. Choa (2002) Antonio v. Reyes (2006) Republic v. Melgar (2006) Paras v. Paras (2007) Tongol v. Tongol (2007) Dimayuga-Laurena v. CA (2008) Te v. Te (2009) Ting v. Velez-Ting (2009)

2. Period to file action or raise defense Art. 39, Family Code RA 8533 3. Effects of Nullity Arts.43-44, 50-54, Family Code Cases: Ninal v. Badayong (2000) Domingo v. CA (1993) De Castro v. Assidao-De Castro (2008) 5

B. Voidable Marriages 1. Grounds for Annulment Arts. 45-48, Family Code Art. 344, Revised Penal Code Cases: Moe v. Dinkins (US: ) Katipunan v. Tenorio (1937) Buccat v. Buccat, supra Aquino v. Delizo (1960) Anaya v. Palaroan (1970) Ruiz v. Atienza (1941) Jimenez v. Republic (1960) Sarao v. Guevara (1940) People v. Santiago 52 Phil. 68 2. Marriage When One Spouse is Absent Arts. 41-44, Family Code Arts. 83, 85(2), 87(2), Civil Code Art. 349, Revised Penal Code Cases: Jones v. Hortiguela (1937) 3. Effects of pending action/decree Arts. 49, 50-54, Family Code Arts. 369, 371, Civil Code Case: Yu v. Yu 4. Jurisdiction Case: Taman v. Ortiz (1998) VI. Legal Separation A. Grounds Art. 55, Family Code Art. 97, Civil Code Cases: People v. Zapata and Bondoc (1951) Munoz v. del Barrio (1955) Gandionco v. Penaranda (1987) Lapuz Sy v. Eufemio (1972) Dela Cruz v. Dela Cruz (1968) 6

Ong Eng Kiam v. Ong (2006) B. Defenses Art. 56, Family Code Cases: People v. Sansano (1933) Ocampo v. Florenciano (1960) Sargent v. Sargent (1920) Brown v. Yambao (1957) Willan v. Willan (1960) Bugayong v. Ginez (1956) Matubis v. Praxedes (1960) C. When to file/try actions Arts. 57-60, Family Code Cases: Ocampo v. Florenciano, supra Contreras v. Macaraig (1970) Somosa-Ramos v. Vamenta, Jr. (1972) D. Effects of Filing of Petition Arts. 61-62, Family Code Cases: De La Vina v. Villareal (1920) Reyes v. Ines-Luciano (1979) E. Effects of Decree Case: Banez v. Banez (2002) Arts. 63, 64, Family Code PD 612, Sec 11 (Insurance Code) 1. Dissolution and liquidation of ACP or CPG Case: La Rue v. La Rue (1983) 2. Custody Art. 213, Family Code 3. Other Effects Art. 372, Civil Code Cases: Matute v. Macadaeg (1956) 7

Laperal v. Republic (1962) F. Reconciliation 1. How Done Art. 65, Family Code 2. Effects Arts. 66-67, Family Code VII. Divorces A. Foreign Divorces Art. 15, Civil Code Art. 26, Family Code Cases: Van Dorn v. Romillo, Jr. (1985) Quita v. Dandan (1998) Llorente v. CA (2000) Garcia v. Recio (2001) B. Muslim Divorces Code of Muslim Personal Laws Case: Yasin v. Sharia District Court (1995) VIII. De Facto Separation Arts. 100, 127, 239, 242, 246, 247, Family Code Cases: Perez v. Court of Appeals (1996) Estrada v. Escritor (2006) IX. Rights and Obligations Between Husband and Wife Readings: The Equal Rights Amendment: A Constitutional Basis for Equal Rights for Women (Brown, 1971) A. Cohabitation, mutual love and respect Art. 247, Revised Penal Code Art. 68, Family Code Art. 34, Civil Code RA 8353 (Anti-Rape Law) RA 9262, Sections 2-6, 8, 21, 26, 28, 35 Reading: The Anti-VAWC Act (Aguiling-Pangalangan and Lim-Jardeleza) pages 12-14, 22-24, 35-39, 54-75 Cases: Narag v. Narag (1998) Goitia v. Campos Rueda (1916) Warren v. State (US: 1985) 8

Thurman v. City of Torrington (US: 1984) People v. Liberta (US: 1984) B. Fixing the family domicile Art. 69, Family Code Cases: Tenchavez v. Escano (1966) Dadivas v. Villanueva (1929) Garcia v. Santiago (1928) Atilano v. Chua Ching Beng (1958) Del Rosario v. Del Rosario (1949) C. Mutual Help and Support Arts. 68, 70, Family Code compared with Art. 111, Civil Code Arts. 199-200, Family Code Cases: McGuire v. McGuire (US: 1953) Pelayo v. Lauron (1909) D. Management of the Household Art. 71, Family Code compared with Art. 115, Civil Code Case: Young v. Hector (US: 1999) E. Exercise of profession Art. 73, Family Code compared with Art. 117, Civil Code RA 7192 (Women in Development and Nation-Building Act) F. Use of Surname Art. 370, 373, 377, 378, Civil Code Cases: Silva v. Peralta (1960) Tolentino v. CA (1988) Yasin v. Sharia District Court, supra Reading: Statutory Development: Pre-marriage Name Change, Resumption and Re-registration Statues (Gordon, 1974) G. Relief from Courts Art. 72, Family Code Cases: Perez v. Perez (1960) Arroyo v. Vasquez de Arroyo (1921) X. Property Relations Between Spouses 9

XI.

The Family A. General Provisions Arts. 74-81, Family Code Case: Collector v. Fisher, (1961) 1. Requisites for Donations Arts. 82-87 Cases: Domalagan v. Bolifer, (1916) Serrano v. Solomon (1959) Solis v. Barroso (1928) Mateo v. Lagua (1969) 2. Donation propter nutias of present or future properties 3. Grounds for revocation of Donation propter nuptias 4. Void Donations Cases: Nazareno v. Birog (1947) Matabuena v. Cervantes (1971) Harding v. CommChhinercial Union (1918) Sumbad v. CA (1999) Ching v. Goyanko B. System of Absolute Community 1. General Provisions Art. 88-90 2. What constitutes Community Property Arts. 91-93 3. Charges upon ACP Art. 94-95 4. Ownership and Disposition of the ACP Art. 96-98 5. Dissolution Art. And L99-101 6. Liquidation of Assets and Liabilities Art. 102-104 Cases: Onas v. Javillo (1934) Vda. De Delizo v. Delizo (1976) C. Conjugal Partnership of Gains 1. General Provisions Arts. 105-108 2. Exclusive Property Arts. 109-115 Cases: Lim v. Garcia (1907) Rodriguez v. De la Cruz (1907) Peoples Banck Trust and Co. v. Register of Deeds (1934) Philippine Sugar Estates v. Poizat (1925) Castro v. Miat (2003) 3. CPG a. Presumption that property is conjugal Art. 116 Cases: Jocson v. CA (1989) 10

Francisco v. CA (1998) b. Properties that composes CPG Art. 117 Cases: Zulueta v. Pan Am (1973) Mendoza v. Reyes (1983) Villanueva v. IAC (1990)Nico c. Property purchased by installment Art.118 Cases: Castillo v. Pasco (1964) Lorenzo v. Nicolas (1952) d. Rules on improvement Art. 120 compared with Art 158 Case: Calimlim-Canulas v. Fortun (1984) e. Charges upon CPG Arts. 121- 123 Cases: Javier v. Osmena (1916) Cobb- Perez v. Lantin (1968) DBP v. Adil (1988) Luzon Surety v. De Gracia (1969) Ayala Investment v. CA (1998) Carlos v. Abelardo (2002) Carandang v. Heirs of De Guzman (2006) f. Administration and disposition of the CPG Art. 124- 125 Cases: Felipe v. Heirs of Maximo Aldon (1983) Tinitigan v. Tinitigan (1980) Gulang v. CA (1998) Relucio v. Lopez (2001) Jader-Manalo v. Camaisa (2002) Villanueva v. Chiong (2008) g. Dissolution of CPG Art. 126-128 h. Liquidation of Assets and Liabilities Arts. 129-133 Case: Santero v. CFI of Cavite (1987) D. Separation of Property and Administration of Common Property by one spouse 1. Judicial separation of property for Sufficient cause Art. 134-135 Cases: 11

Garcia v. Manzano (1958) Partosa-jo v. CA (1992) Dela Cruz v. Dela Cruz (1968) 2. Voluntary Separation of Property Art 136 Cases: In re: Voluntary Dissolution of Conjugal Partnership of Spouses Bernas (1965) Lacson v. San Jose (1968) Maquilan v. Maquilan (2007) 3. Liquidation and Dissolution of Property Art. 137-142 4. Sole Administration of Other Spouses Property Art. 147 E. Regime of Separate Property Art. 143-146 F. Property Regime of Unions without Marriage Art. 147-148 Cases: Yaptinchay v. Torres (1969) Juaniza v. Jose (1979) Vda. De Conseguera v. GSIS (1971) Maxey v. CA (1984) XII. The Family A. Members of a Family i. Nature - Arts. 149-151, CC ii. Support - Arts. 195- 208, CC iii. Funerals - Arts. 305-310, CC Cases: Penobscot Area Housing Development Corp. v. City of Brewer, 438 A. 2d. 14 Mendoza v. CA, 19 SCRA 756 Mendez v. Bionson, 80 SCRA 82 Guerrero v. RTC, 229 SCRA 274 Hontiveros v. RTC, 309 SCRA 340 B. The Family Home Arts. 152-162 Cases: Siari Valley Estates v. Lucasan, 109 Phil. 294 Modequillo v. Breva, 185 SCRA 766 Taneo v. CA, 304 SCRA 308 (1999) 12

Versola v. Madolaria Patricio v. Dario III Veneracion v. Mancilla (2006) Arriola v. Arriola (2008) Spouses Kelly v. Planters Products Inc. (2009) Albino Josef v. Santos (2009)

XII. PATERNITY AND FILIATION A. Legitimate Children 1. Kinds of Filiation Art. 163-164 Cases: Perido v. Perido, 63 SCRA 97 Liyao, Jr. v. Liyao et al. 378 SCRA 563 Social Security System v. Aguas 2. Biologically-Assisted reproduction technology Cases: In Re Baby M, 109 N.J. 396, 537 A. 2d 1227 (1988) Johnson v. Calvert (1993) In Re Adoption of Anonymous, 345 N.Y.S. 2d 430 Readings: Field, "Do New Reproductive Techniques Threaten the Family?" Surrogate Motherhood: The Legal and Human Issues (1988). Robertson, Legal Issues in Gestational surrogarcy (1995) Human Egg Donation and

3. Impugned Legitimacy Arts. 166-171 Cases: Andal v. Macaraig, 89 Phil. 165 Jao v. CA, 152 SCRA 359 Macadadang v. CA, 100 SCRA 73 Chua Keng Giap v. TAC, 166 SCRA 451 Cabatbat Lim v. TAC, 166 SCRA 451 Republic v. Labrador, 305 SCRA 438 (1999) Tan v. Trocio, 191 SCRA 764 People v. Tumimpad, 235 SCRA 483 (1994) Benitez-Badua v. CA, 229 SCRA 468 Lumain de Aparicho v. Paraguya 150 SCRA 279 (1987) B. Proof of Filiation 1. How to prove filiation Art. 172; Rules 129 & 130, Revised Rules of Court; Art. 220, Civil Code

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Cases: Constantino v. Mendez, 209 SCRA 18 Mendoza v. Melia, 17 SCRA 788 Lim v. CA, 65 SCRA 160 Heirs of R. Banas v. Heirs of Bibiano Banas, 134 SCRA 260 Uyguangco v. CA, 178 SCRA 684 Mariategui v. CA, 205 SCRA 675 Adriano v. De Jesus, 23 Phil 350 Acebedo v. Arquero (March 11, 2003) Herrera v. Alba (2005) 2. Action to Claim legitimacy Art. 173 3. Rights of Legitimate Children Art. 174 Cases: Republic v. CA, Vicencio, 300 SCRA 138 De Asis v. CA, 303 SCRA 176 C. Illegitimate of Filiation 1. Proof of Filiation Art. 175 Cases: Leuterio v. CA, 197 SCRA 369 Uyguangco v. CA, 178 SCRA 684 Rodriguez v. CA, 245 SCRA 150 (1995) Aruego v. CA, 254 SCRA 711 (1996) Jison v. CA, 286 SCRA 495 Alberto v. CA, 232 SCRA 745 Guy v. CA (2006) Agustin v. CA (2006) In re matter of Intestate Estates of Deceased Josefa Delgado & Guillermo Rustia Estate of Rogelio Ong v. Diaz (2007)

2. Rights of Illegitimate Children Art. 176 RA 9255 Cases: David v. CA, 250 SCRA 82 (1995) People v. Namayan, 246 SCRA 646 (1995) Mossesgeld v. CA 300 SCRA 464 (1998) Rep v. Abadilla, 302 SCRA 358 (1999) Gonzales v. CA, 298 SCRA (1998) Republic v. Vicencio 300 SCRA 138 (1998) 14

Gan v. Reyes 382 SCRA 357 Tonog v. CA (Feb. 7, 2002) De Guzman v. Perez (2006) Zepeda v. Zepeda (1963) Republic v. Capote (2007) D. Legitimated Children Arts. 177-182 Cases: De Los Santos v. Luciano, 60 Phil 328 Ramirez v. Gmur, 42 Phil 855 In re Julian Wang (2005) XIII. ADOPTION RA 8552 and its Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) compared with cited Family Code provisions July 2002 En banc Resolution of the Supreme Court (Rule on Adoption) A. Pre-Adoption and Adoption Procedure Art. 184-187 B. Who may adopt/be adopted Art. 183-187, FC Cases: In re: Adoption of Edwin Villa, 21 SCRA 399 Republic v. CA Bobiles, 205 SCRA 356 Republic v. Toledano & Spouses Clave, 233 SCRA 9 Republic v. Miller, 306 SCRA 183 In re petition for adoption of Michelle Lim (2009) C. Nature of Adoption Proceedings Cases: Lazatin v. Campos, 92 SCRA 250 Santos v. Aranzanso, 16 SCRA 344 DSWD v. Belen, 275 SCRA 645

D. Consent Necessary for Adoption Art. 188 Cases: Duncan v. CFI, 69 SCRA 298 Cang v. Clavano, 296 SCRA 128 (1998) Landingan v. Republic (2006) Reading: Ratterman, Adoption and the rights of the putative fathers: A Review of New York Law, 11 Child. Legal Rts. J. 13 (1990) E. Effects of Adoption 15

Arts. 189-190, Family Code, Art. 365 Civil Code Cases: Tamargo v. CA, 209 SCRA 518 Sayson v. CA, 205 SCRA 321 Johnston v. Republic, 7 SCRA 1040 Republic v. Wong, 209 SCRA 189 Republic v. CA & Caranto, 255 SCRA 99 Republic v. Hernandez, 253 SCRA 509 F. Rescission Arts. 191-193 G. Rectification of Simulated Birth H. Adoption Decree I. Inter Country Adoption RA 8043 and its IRR Amended implementing Rules and Regulations on Inter-country Adoption (2004) Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in respect of Inter Country Adoption J. Adoption Issues Readings: *Ziegler, International Adoption in the Best Interest of the Child XIV. PARENTS and CHILDREN A. General Provisions Arts. 209-214, FC, Art. 2180 CC Art 58 PD 603 Reading: Peskind, Determining the Underterminable; The Best Interest of the Child Standard as an Imperfect but Necessary Guidepost to Determine Child Custody, 25 N. III. U.L. Rev., 449 (2004-2005) 1. Custody a. Determining the best interest of the child a.1. Gender and the Tender years Presumption Rule 99, ROC Cases: Ex Parte Devine, (1981) Cervantes v. Fajardo (1989) Espiritu v. CA (1995) Celis v. Caifur (1950) Gamboa v. CA (2007) 16

Sy v. CA (2007) a.2. Parental Unfitness Cases: Feldman v. Feldman (1974) Santos Sr. v. CA (1995) Pablo Gualberto v. Gualberto (2005) b. Role of the childs preference Cases: Pizzaro v. Vasquez (1938) Goldstein v. Goldstein (1975) Laxamana v. Laxamana (2002) c. Presumption for Primary Caretaker Case: Garska v. McCoy (1981) d. Flip the coin Reading: Mnookin, Child Custody Adjudication Judicial Functions in the Face of Inderterminacy 2. Other Rights and Duties in Exercise of Parental Authority Arts. 220-226 Cases: Salientes v. Abanilla (2006) Cabanas v. Pilapil (1974) Libi v. CA (1992) Lindain v. CA (1992) People v. Silvano (1999) Shields v. Gross 58 NY 2d 338 Silva v. CA & Gonzales (1997) Reading: Eeklar, Are Parents Morally Obliged to take care of their Children? 11. Oxford J. Legal Stud. 340 (1991) The Doctrine of Family Integrity: Protecting the Parental Rights of Unwed Fathers Who Have Substantial Relations with their Children, 13 Conn. L. Rev. 145 (1980-1981)

B. Substitute and Special Parental Authority Arts. 216-219 Cases: Palisoc v. Brillantes, 41 SCRA 548 Amadora v. CA, 160 SCRA 315 St. Mary's Academy v. Carpitanos, (January 23, 2002) Vancil v. Belmes 358 SCRA 707 (2001)

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C. Suspension or Termination of Parental Authority Arts. 225-233 Sec. 5-10, 27-28, 31-c RA 7610 (Anti-Child Abuse Act) Cases: Chua v. Cabangbang, 27 SCRA 791 Abiera v. Orin, 8 Phil. 193 Cortes v. Castillo, 41 Phil. 466 D. Rights and Duties of Children Arts. 356-364. 375-376 CC Arts. 129 a, par 2, 213, 226 FC Arts 3 & 4 , PD 603 Reading: Sawyer, The child is not a person: Family Law and Other legal Cultures, Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, Vol. 28, Issue 1 (2006) E. Parents v. Children- When rights clash Cases: Strunk v. Strunk (1969) Conservatorship of Valerie (1985) Johnson v. Calvert (1993) Gillick v. West Norwalk (1985) Curtis v. School Committee (1995) Roe v. Doe 29 NY 2d 188 In re Edward C. (1981) Prince v. Massachusets (1944) Readings: Parental Consent Requirements and Privacy Rights of Minors: The Contraceptive Controversy. Harv L.J. vol. 88, no. 15 (1975) R. Cook, B.M. Dickens, recognizing Adolescents evolving capacities to exercise choice in Reproductive Healthcare. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 70(2000) 1321 F. Summary Procedure Arts. 249-252 R.A. 8369 (family Courts Act of 1997)F Case: Madrinan v. Madrinan (2007) -end-

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