Code No: E9901/RR

RR

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 MICROPROCESSORS AND INTERFACING ( Common to Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering, Bio-Medical Engineering, Electronics & Control Engineering and Electronics & Telematics) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Discuss the general functions of all general-purpose resisters of 8086? Explain the special function of each resister and instruction support for these functions. [16] 2. (a) Develop an 8086 assembly language program that will determine if a given sub-string is present or not in a main string of characters. Place the result as P if present else place N in memory location result. (b) What is a procedure? How is a procedure identied as near or far? [10+6]

3. Distinguish between a memory read and write machine cycle? Draw the timing diagrams in minimum and maximum modes of operation? [8+8] 4. What is the dierence between simple I/O, strobbed I/O and bi-directional I/O with reference to 8255? Discuss the required control signals and their timing sequence for each mode of operation? [16] 5. (a) Draw the owchart showing how synchronous serial data can be sent from a port line using software routine? (b) Draw the block diagram of 8237 and explain each block. 6. Explain the following terms with reference to 8259? (a) Special mask mode (b) Fully nested mode (c) Read register command (d) Poll command [4x4=16] [8+8]

7. In an SDK-86 kit 64KB SRAM and 32KB EPROM is provided on system and provision for expansion of another 64KB SRAM is given. The on system SRAM address map is from 00000H to 0FFFFH and that of EPROM is from F8000H to FFFFFH. The expansion slot address map is from 80000H to 8FFFFH. The size of SRAM chip is 32KB. EPROM chip size is 16KB. Give the complete memory interface and also the address map for individual chips? [16] 8. (a) Explain how 8051 is built around I/O ports? Discuss the function of each port in detail? 1 of 2

Code No: E9901/RR

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(b) What are the addressing modes supported by 8051? Explain each addressing mode with examples? [10+6]

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Code No: V3214/R07

Set No: 1

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. (a) What is the difference between direct and indirect refrigeration system? Explain the advantages of one over the other (b) A dense air refrigeration machine operates on reversed Brayton cycle and is required for 10 tones of refrigeration capacity. The cooler pressure is 4.2 bar and refrigerator pressure is 1.4 bar. The air is cooled in the cooler to a temperature of 500 C and the temperature of air at inlet to the compressor is -200 C. For an ideal cycle, determine the following (i) COP of the system (ii) Mass of air circulated per minute (iii) Theoretical piston displacement of the compressor (iv) Net power per ton of refrigeration. Show the cycle on p-V and T S diagrams. Take Cp = 1.07 kJ/kg-K (for dense air) 2. (a) Explain the concept vapour compression? What are the applications of vapour compression cycle? (b) The temperature limits of an ammonia refrigerating system re -250 C and 45 0 C. The gas is dry at the end of compression. Calculate COP of cycle assuming no under cooling. Properties of ammonia are given below: Temperature, 0C 45 -25 Liquid kJ/Kg 314.2 117.2 heat, Latent kJ/kg heat, Liquid entropy, kJ/kg K 1264.3 1.334 1134.2 0.412

3. (a) What are the different types of compressors? Mention the fields for the use of each in refrigeration systems giving reasons? (b) What are the essential properties of a good refrigerant? And how the refrigerants are classified? 4. (a) Draw a neat diagram of lithium bromide water absorption system and explain its working. List the major field application of this system (b) Explain with help of neat sketches, vapour absorption cycle for refrigeration. How is it different from vapour compression refrigeration system? 5. (a) Under what situation is steam jet refrigeration system recommended? What are its limitations? Can it be used for obtaining sub zero temperatures? (b) Explain the working principle of vortex tube? What are the advantages of vortex tube over other refrigeration systems?

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Code No: V3214/R07

Set No: 1

6. (a) Moist air exists at total pressure of 1.01325 bar and 25 0 C dry bulb temperature. If the degree of saturation is 50% determine the following using steam tables: (i) Specific humidity (ii) Dew point temperature (iii) Specific volume of moist air. (b) Define (i) Wet bulb temperature (ii) Relative humidity (iii) Specific humidity 7. (a) Give a detailed account of thermal comfort and what factors affect the thermal comfort (b) Air flowing at the rate of 100 m3/min at 400 C DBT and 50% RH is mixed with another stream flowing at the rate 20 m3/min at 260 C DBT and 50%RH. The mixture flows over a cooling coil whose ADP temperature is 100 C and by-pass factor is 0.2. Find DBT and RH of air leaving the coil. If this air supplied to an air-conditioned where DBT of 260 C and RH of 50% are maintained, estimate (i) Room sensible heat factor and (ii) Cooling load capacity of the coil in tones of refrigeration. 8. (a) What are the different methods of humidifying the air? Explain the working of any one of the atomizing the water type humidifier (b) What are the factors to be considered while selecting an air-conditioning system? *****

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Code No: V3214/R07

Set No: 2

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. (a) Why artificial cooling is required in aeroplanes? And what are the different systems used for cooling the aeroplanes? (b) A dense air refrigeration cycle operates between pressures of 4 bar and 16 bar. The air temperature after heat rejection to surroundings is 370 C, and air temperature at exit to refrigerator is 70 C, the isentropic efficiencies of turbine and compressor are 0.85 and 0.8 respectively. Determine compressor and turbine work per TR, COP and HP/TR. = 1.4 and Cp = 1.005 kJ/Kg K 2. (a) Write short notes on (i) Flash chamber (ii) Receiver (b) A Carnot heat engine draws heat from a reservoir at temperature TA and rejects heat to another reservoir at temperature TB. The Carnot forward cycle engine drives a Carnot reversed cycle engine or Carnot refrigerator which absorbs heat from reservoir at temperature TC and rejects heat to reservoir at temperature TB. Derive an expression for the ratio of heat absorbed from reservoir at temperature TC to heat drawn from reservoir at temperature TA. If the high temperature TA = 5000K and the low temperature TC = 2500 K, determine the temperature TB such that heat supplied to engine QA is equal to heat absorbed by refrigerator QB. Determine the carnot engine and COPcarnot refrigerator. 3. (a) Explain the working with neat diagram of following types of condensers (i) Shell and tube condenser (ii) Shell and coil condenser (b) A reciprocating compressor operates on 1m3 / min of gas at 2 bar and delivers it at 12 bar. The clearance is 6%. The adiabatic compression index is 1.31. Determine the change in work of compressor if the re-expansion index is 1.1instead of 1.31 4. (a) Under what situation, the vapour absorption system of refrigeration is preferred to vapour compression system of refrigeration (b) Explain Electrolux refrigeration system. How the system is operated to obtain different pressures in the cycle without pump. 5. (a) Define the figure of merit related to thermo electric refrigeration system and explain its effect on COP of the system (b) Derive the formula for finding out the quantity of steam required per ton of refrigeration in case of steam refrigeration system 6. (a) Calculate, (i) Relative humidity (ii) Humidity ratio (iii) dew point temperature (iv) Density and, (v) Enthalpy of atmospheric air when the DBT is 35 0C, WBT is 23 0C and the barometer reads 750 mm Hg. (b) Define the term by pass factor used for cooling or heating coil and find the expression for that. 1 of 2

Code No: V3214/R07

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7. (a) What is comfort air-conditioning? What do you mean by effective temperature? (b) At a certain locality the DBT of air is 300 C and the relative humidity is 40%. Determine the specific humidity and the dew point and wet bulb temperatures of air. If this air is cooled in an air washer using re-circulated spray water and having a humidifying efficiency of 0.9, what are the DBT and DPT of air leaving the air washer? 8. (a)Differentiate between central, district and Unitary air-conditioning systems. (b)Explain why heat pump is most efficient when used for heating purposes? And draw the arrangement of heat pump when it is used for year round air conditioning *****

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Code No: V3214/R07

Set No: 3

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. (a) Discuss the methods of producing refrigeration (b) 10000 kg of fish is frozen to -300 C per day. Fish enters freezing chamber at 300 C, freezing occurs at -30 C, and frozen fish is cooled to -300 C. Specific heats of fresh and frozen fish are respectively, 3.77 kJ/kgK and 1.67 kJ/kgK. The latent heat of freezing is 251.2 kJ/kg. Find the tonnage of plant if the plant runs for 18 hours per day. The evaporator and condenser temperatures are -400 C and 450 C, respectively. If the COP of the plant is 1.8, determine the power consumption of the plant in kW. Also find the refrigerating efficiency of the plant. 2. (a) Explain with the help of a diagram. Why is superheating considered to be good in certain cases? (b) A vapour compression system operates between -150 C and 300 C. Mass flow rate of refrigerant = 0.2 kg/s. The refrigerant is sub cooled by 20 and superheated by 50 before entering the compressor. Calculate the following: (i) COP (ii) Tonnage (iii) Heat rejected (iv) Power input (v) Compare COP and ideal COP. The data for refrigerant: Temperature, Enthalpy, kJ/Kg Entropy, kJ/Kg K Specific Heat kJ/Kg 0 C K Liq Vapour Liquid Vapour Liquid Vapour uid -15 32.1 226.2 0.13 0.86 0.65 30 88.5 248.3 0.32 0.81 1.12 0.72 3. (a) Write short note on: (i) Ozone depletion (ii) Global warming (b)A two cylinder reciprocating compressor with 5% clearance is used in a refrigeration cycle to take load of 7.5 tons at 50 C evaporating temperature and 400 C condensing temperature. The compression index is 1.15. The speed of the piston is limited to 3 m/s. Take the ratio of stroke to bore as 0.8. If the refrigerant used is Freon 12, determine (i) Power consumption of the compressor and C.O.P. of the cycle (ii) Volumetric efficiency of the compressor (iii)Bore and stroke and rpm of the compressor Consider ideal cycle. 4. (a) Draw a neat diagram of lithium bromide water absorption system and explain its working. List the major field application of this system. (b) In absorption refrigeration system, heating, cooling and refrigeration take place at the temperatures of 1500 C, 300 C and -200 C. Find (i) The theoretical COP of the system (ii) If the heating temperature is increased to 2000 C and refrigeration temperature is decreased to 400 C, find the percentage change in theoretical COP

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Code No: V3214/R07

Set No: 3

5. Explain various components of steam jet refrigeration system and clearly discuss the function of each component. Compare the system with vapour compression system. 6. (a) Explain about the adiabatic dehumidifier (b) A mixture of dry air and water vapour is at a temperature of 210 C under a total pressure 736 mm HG. The dew point temperature is 15o C. Find: (i) Partial pressure of water vapour (ii) Relative humidity (iii) Specific humidity (iv) Enthalpy of air per kg of dry air (v) Specific volume of air per kg of dry air 7. (a) Why ventilation is required? Explain why different ventilation standards for different purposes are recommended? (b) An air conditioning system is to take in outdoor air at 100 C and 30% relative humidity at a steady rate of 45 m3/min., and to condition it to 250 C and 60% RH. The outdoor air is first heated to 220 C in the heating section and then humidified by the injection of hot steam in humidifying section. Assuming the entire process to takes place at a pressure of 100 kPa. Determine: (i) The rate of heat supply in the heating section (ii) The mass flow rate of steam required in the humidifying section Do not use the Psychometric chart. 8. (a) Explain different types of fans used in air-conditioning application (b) Discuss about the working of ceiling diffusers and their types with a neat sketches *****

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Code No: V3214/R07

Set No: 4

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. (a) What is refrigeration? Write down the applications of refrigeration? And explain the dry ice refrigeration (b) A businessman after feasibility study found the ice consumption in a locality to be 300 kg/h. He wants to manufacture ice at -100 C from water available at 300 C. What should be the rating of refrigerating machine if it has 10% overcapacity? Take enthalpy of solidification and specific heat of ice as 335 kJ / kg and 2.09 kJ / kg K respectively. 2. (a) Discuss the main difference between reversed Carnot cycle operating on perfect gas and wet vapour (b) A four cylinder single acting Freon 12 compressor 250 x 300 mm operates at 960 rpm. Condenser and evaporator pressure are 8.5 bar and 1.5 bar respectively. The vapour from the evaporator to the suction of the compressor is superheated by 100 C and the liquid in the condenser gets sub-cooled by 100 C. Clearance factor of the compressor is 0.03. Determine, for compression indices of = 1.16, n = 1.26 (i) Refrigerating capacity in ton of refrigeration (ii) Theoretical power required in kW and also power per ton, i.e. kW / ton Solve the problem with tables and show the state points on T s plane. Assume the refrigerant in super heat as perfect gas or pv = RT also holds good. 3. (a) What is the difference between dry expansion type and flooded type evaporators? Give neat sketch of both to explain (b) Explain the function of capillary tube in a vapour compression refrigeration system. Under what situations is this used? How is the capillary tube put in the circuit? 4. (a) Draw a neat line diagram of Electrro - Lux refrigerator and explain its working principle. What is the important role of hydrogen in this refrigeration system? (b) What is the function of the following components in an absorption system: (i) Absorber (ii) Rectifier 5. (a)The steam jet refrigeration system is usually not economical above 350 C condensing temperatures, discuss the statement. (b) Explain Steam Jet Refrigeration system on Enthalpy Entropy diagram and also on Temperature Entropy diagram 6. (a) Explain various psychometric processes? With a sketch Explain Adiabatic saturation process (b)Air enters a duct at 100 C, 80% RH at the rate of 150 m3 / min and is heated to 300 C without adding or removing any moisture. The pressure remains constant at 1 atm. Determine the relative humidity of air at exit from the duct and the rate of heat transfer (kJ/min)

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Code No: V3214/R07

Set No: 4

7. (a) What is comfort air-conditioning? What do you mean by effective temperature? (b) The air-handling unit of an air-conditioning plant supplies a total of 4500 cmm of dry air which comprises by weight 20% fresh air at 40 0C DBT and 27 0C WBT, and 80% re-circulated air at 25 0C DBT and 50% RH. The air leaves the cooling coil at 13 0 C saturated state. Calculate the total cooling load, and room heat gain 8. (a) What are the factors to be considered while selecting an air-conditioning system? (b) Discuss the common considerations for humidification of air in air conditioning. *****

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Code No: V3244/R07

Set No: 1

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 DATA WARE HOUSING AND DATA MINING (Information Technology) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Describe classification of Data Mining systems. b) Explain about missing values and noisy data. (8+8) 2. a) What are the steps for the design and construction of data warehouses? b) Give the comparison between OLTP and OLAP systems. c) Explain efficient processing of OLAP queries. (6+5+5) 3. a) Discuss in detail about concept hierarchies. b) Describe architectures of data mining systems. 4. a) Describe about measuring the central tendency. b) Explain various methods of attribute relevance analysis. c) How is attribute-oriented induction actually implemented?

(8+8)

(5+5+6)

5. A database has four transactions. Let min_sup=60% and min_conf=80%. TID Date items_bought -----------------------------------------T100 10/15/99 {K,A,D,B} T200 10/15/99 {D,A,C,E,B} T300 10/19/99 {C,A,B,E} T400 10/22/99 {B,A,D} Find all frequent item sets using Apriori and FP-growth, respectively. Compare the efficiency of the two mining processes. (16) 6. a) Can any ideas from association rule mining be applied to classification? Explain. b) Explain training Bayesian belief networks. c) How does tree pruning work? What are some enhancements to basic decision tree induction? (6+5+5) 7. a) Define nominal, ordinal, ratio-scaled variables. b) Explain about density-based methods.

(9+7)

8. a) Explain the classification and prediction analysis of multimedia data. b) What are basic measures for text retrieval? What methods are there for information retrieval? c) What is meant by authoritative Web pages? Explain about mining the Webs link structures to identify authoritative web page. (4+6+6) ***** 1 of 1

Code No: V3244/R07

Set No: 2

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 DATA WARE HOUSING AND DATA MINING (Information Technology) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) What is data mining? Explain classification and prediction. b) Why preprocess the data? c) Explain attribute subset selection in data reduction. 2. a) What are schemas for multidimensional databases? Explain. b) How do data warehousing and OLAP relate to data mining?

(5+6+5)

(8+8)

3. a) Describe DMQL syntax for specifying the kind of knowledge to be mined. b) Explain presentation and visualization of discovered patterns. c) Discuss about task-relevant data. (6+5+5) 4. a) What is concept description? b) Explain graph displays of basic statistical class descriptors. c) Discuss about measuring the dispersion of data.

(5+5+6)

5. a) Which algorithm is an influential algorithm for mining frequent item sets for Boolean association rules? Explain. b) Discuss about from association mining to correlation analysis? (8+8) 6. a) Describe the data classification process with a neat diagram. b) Discuss about Bayesian classification.

(8+8)

7. a) Define mean absolute deviation, z-score, city block distance, and minkowski distance. b) What are different types of hierarchical methods? Explain. (8+8) 8. a) What is spatial data warehouse? What are different types of dimensions in a spatial data cube? What are different types of measures in a spatial data cube? b) What is keyboard-based association analysis? How can automated document classification be performed? c) Discuss about mining the World Wide Web. (6+4+6) *****

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Code No: V3244/R07

Set No: 3

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 DATA WARE HOUSING AND DATA MINING (Information Technology) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Write major issues in data mining. b) Explain about cluster analysis and outlier analysis. c) Describe Data Transformation. (5+6+5) 2. a) Why to have a separate data warehouse? b) Explain star schema and snowflake schema. c) Describe efficient computation of data cubes. 3. a) Discuss about DMQL with suitable examples. b) Explain interestingness measures. 4. a) Give analysis of attribute relevance. b) Describe mining class comparisons.

(5+6+5)

(12+4)

(8+8)

5. a) What are different techniques to improve the efficiency of Apriori? Explain. b) Discuss about constraint-based Association mining. (8+8) 6. a) What are some enhancements to basic decision tree induction? Explain. b) How does a Bayesian belief network learn? Explain. c) What are two strategies to increase classifier accuracy? Explain. (5+5+6) 7. a) Define nominal, ordinal, and ratio-scaled variables. b) Discuss about Classical partitioning methods.

(6+10)

8. a) What kinds of association can be mined in multimedia data? What are the differences between mining association rules in multimedia databases versus in transactional databases? b) How does latent semantic indexing reduce the size of the term frequency matrix? Explain. c) Describe the construction of a multilayered web information base. (6+6+4) *****

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Code No: V3244/R07

Set No: 4

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 DATA WARE HOUSING AND DATA MINING (Information Technology) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Explain data integration. b) What kinds of patterns can be mined? c) Describe concept hierarchy generation for categorical data. (5+6+5) 2. a) What is a data warehouse? b) Draw three-tier data warehouse architecture. Explain. c) Describe Data Warehouse usage. 3. a) What defines a data mining task? Explain. b) Describe DMQL syntax for task-relevant data specification.

(5+6+5)

(10+6)

4. a) Explain about data generalization and summarization-based characterization. b) Describe mining descriptive statistical measures in large databases. (8+8) 5. a) Give motivating example for Association rule mining and explain. b) Discus about ARCS. c) Explain about multidimensional Association rules.

(5+5+6)

6. a) What is boosting? State why it may improve the accuracy of decision tree induction? b) It is difficult to assess classification accuracy when individual data objects may belong to more than one class at a time. In such cases, comment on what criteria you would use to compare different classifiers modeled after same data. (8+8) 7. a) Categorize major clustering methods. b) Explain OPTICS algorithm. c) What is an outlier? Why is Outlier mining important? Briefly discuss about statistical-based outlier detection. (4+4+8) 8. a) Explain the following: i. Generalization of structured data ii. Generalization of object identifiers and class/subclass hierarchies iii. Generalization of class composition hierarchies b) Explain mining multimedia databases. *****

(9+7)

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Code No: V3202/R07

Set No: 1

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (Civil Technology) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) What are the reasons for fluctuations in water demand? What is significance of fluctuations of water demand? b) The census records of a town are given below. Estimate the population of the town in the year 2041 using Arithmetic Increase and Incremental Increase methods. [8+8] Year Population 1971 72,000 1981 85,000 1991 100,000 2001 1,21,000 2011 1,55,000

2. a) What are infiltration galleries? Explain its use with the help of a sketch? b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Dead End and Grid Iron layouts of water distribution system? [8 +8] 3. a)Design a settling tank to remove all particles 0.1 mm and specific gravity of 2.65 The temperature of water at 200 C and the kinematic viscosity is 1.01X 10-6 m2/sec. b)What are coagulant aids? How they help in the process of coagulation? [8+8] 4. a) What is break point chlorination and its importance in the chlorination of water? b) What is the trouble in operation of rapid sand filters and their remedies? [8+8] 5. Calculate the storage capacity of a service reservoir for a daily requirement of 3,20,000 liters. The pumping is done at a constant rate from 6 a.m. to 10 a.m. and again from 4 p.m. to 8 p.m. The consumption is as follows. 7a.m. to 9 a.m. 30% of daily demand 9a.m. to 5 p.m. 35% of daily demand 5p.m. to 8 p.m. 30% of daily demand 8p.m. to 7 a.m. 5% of daily demand [16] 6. a) What is purpose of an inverted siphon in a sewerage system? How is it designed? b) What is the importance of traps in house drainage? c) What is time of concentration? What is its importance in the storm water estimation? [5+5+6] 7 a) Design a grit chamber for a city of 5 lakh population. Assume the appropriate data required. b) Differentiate between standard and high rate trickling filters. [8+8] a) Explain the design procedure of an oxidation pond. b) What are the factors affecting sludge digestion? ***** 1 of 1

[8+8]

Code No: V3202/R07

Set No: 2

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (Civil Technology) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Enumerate the drinking water standards any six chemical parameters. Give their significance. b) What is fire demand? What are the factors affecting fire demand? Give any one empirical formula suitable for Indian conditions. [8+8] 2. a) Compare the various sources of water with reference to physical and chemical quality considerations. b)What are main requirements of an Intake Structure? Describe a River Intake with help of Sketch? [8+8] 3. a) What is the general layout of various units in a treatment plant for surface waters? State the necessity of each of these units. b) Calculate the detention period and velocity gradient to mix a flow of 100 MLD. The tank volume is 25 m3 and the capacity of the mechanical mixer is 8 kW. The temperature of water is 20 C and the dynamic viscosity of water at 20C is 1.3 X10-3 Pascal-Sec. [8+8] 4. a) What is break point chlorination and its importance in the chlorination of water? b) What is negative head in filtration? Give the reasons for negative head in rapid sand filters? [8+8] 5. a) Describe the Hardy-Cross Method for the analysis of a pipe network. b) What are the various tests to be conducted on a water pipeline?

[8+8]

6. a) What is the necessity of flushing tanks in sewerage system? b) What is the advantage of an Ejector pump? c) Calculate the velocity of flow and discharge in a sewer of circular section having diameter of 60 cm laid at a gradient of 1 in 250. Take Mannings N as 0.012. Assume that the sewer running half full. [5+5+6] 7. a) Design skimming tank for a town of 3 lakh population. Assume the data required suitably. b) What is activated sludge process? What are its advantages compared to other biological treatment units? [8+8] 8. a)What is sludge drying? Describe sludge drying beds with a neat sketch? b) Design a septic tank for a small colony of 50 residents. Assume the data suitably.[8+8] *****

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Code No: V3202/R07

Set No: 3

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (Civil Technology) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) What are the factors affecting the per capita demand of water? b) Describe briefly the main objectives of the analysis of the water for domestic purposes. [8+8] 2. a) Compare the Intermittent and Continuous Water Supply Systems. What are main reasons for intermittent water supply in India? b) Compare the various sources of water with special reference to quantity considerations. [8+8] 3. a) Show that the efficiency of a rectangular sedimentation tank is independent of depth and depends only on surface overflow rate. b) Calculate the detention period and velocity gradient to mix a flow of 75 MLD. The tank volume is 18.4 m3 and the capacity of the mechanical mixer is 5 kW. The temperature of water is 10 C and the dynamic viscosity of water at 10C is 1.3 X10-3 Pascal-Sec. [8+8] 4. a) What is break point chlorination and its importance in the chlorination of water? b) What is negative head in filtration? Give the reasons for negative head in rapid sand filters? [8+8] 5. a)What is the purpose of an air valve? Where do provide them in a distribution system? b) Describe the Equivalent Pipe Method for the analysis of a pipe network. What are the limitations of the method? [8+8] 6. a) What is time of concentration? What is its importance in the storm water estimation? b) What are the disadvantages of Sewage farming? c) The one day and two day BOD of a sewage sample at 300 C are 100 and 140 mg/l respectively. Calculate the 5 day BOD at 200 C. [4+4+8] 7. a) Design a grit chamber for a city of 10 lakh population. Assume the appropriate data required. b) What is an activated sludge process? Describe its working with help of a line diagram. [8+8] 8. a) Explain the design procedure of a sludge digestion tank. b) Describe the working of a septic tank with the help of sketch. *****

[8+8]

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Code No: V3202/R07

Set No: 4

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (Civil Technology) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a)What are the factors affecting the per capita demand of water? b) The census records of a town are given below. Estimate the population of the town in the year 2031 using Geometric Growth and Decreasing Growth Rate methods. [8+8] Year Population 1971 62,000 1981 72,000 1991 85,000 2001 100,000 2011 1,21,000

2. a) Compare the various surface water sources of water with reference to quality and quantity considerations. b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of continuous and intermittent water supply systems [8+8] 3. a)A settling tank is designed as per Stokes law and the particle diameter is 0.1 mm and the settling velocity is 0.23 cm/sec. The temperature of water at 200 C and the kinematic viscosity is 1.01X 10-6 m2/sec. Check the design whether it is safe or not. b)What are various feeding arrangements of Coagulants? Explain the Wet Feeding Arrangement. [8+8] 4. Design a rapid sand filter to treat a flow of 25 MLD of water with a rate of filtration of 120 m3/m2/day under normal operation. The rate of filtration should not exceed 150 m3/m2/day when one filter is under backwash and should not exceed 180 m3/m2/day when one filter is under backwash and another under repair. [16] 5. a) What is Sluice Valve? Why is it necessary in a distribution system? b) What is the purpose of Service Reservoir for water distribution? How do estimate its capacity? [8+8] 6. a)What is the necessity of flushing tanks in sewerage system? b) What is the advantage of Egg-shaped sewers over circular sewers? c) What are the various storm water overflow devices? Explain any one of them with suitable sketch. [4+4+8] 7. a) Design skimming tank for a town of 4 lakh population. Assume the data suitably. b) Differentiate between standard and high rate trickling filters. required [8+8]

8. a)What are the various factors affecting sludge digestion? b) What is a Soak Pit? Why is it necessary for the disposal of Septic Tank effluent?[8+8] ***** 1 of 1

Code No: V3210/R07

Set No: 1

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 SWITCH GEAR AND PROTECION (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) What is meant by a circuit breaker? Discuss the phenomenon of arc formation in a circuit breaker. b) In a short circuit test on 220 kV, 3- system the breaker gave the results as: p.f of the fault=0.5, recovery voltage = 0.9 times the full line voltage. The breaking current is symmetrical and restriking transient has a natural frequency of 10 kHz. Determine the rate of rise of restriking voltage for (i) ground fault and (ii) ungrounded fault. 2. What is a minimum oil circuit breaker? What are its main advantages and disadvantages? Draw a diagram. 3. a) Explain with a neat sketch the operation of an induction type over current relay. What are the functions of current and time multiplies settings associated with such a relay. b) What are the merits and demerits of static relays over electromagnetic relays? 4. a) Enumerate main features of a good protection system? Explain the working of merzprice protection scheme for a 3-phase alternator. Draw a neat sketch in support of your answer. b) A star connected, 3-phase, 10 MVA, 6.6 kV alternator has a per phase reactance of 10%. It is protected by merz-price circulating current principle which is set to operate for fault currents not less than 175 A .Calculate the value of earthing resistance to be provided in order to ensure that only 10% of the alternator winding remains unprotected. 5. a) Discuss the faults in transformer and describe with sketch merz-price scheme of transformer protection. b) A 3-phase, 66/11 kV star-delta connected transformer is protected by merz-price system. The CTs on low voltage side have a ration of 420/5 A. Find the ratio of CTs on the high voltage side. 6. a) Explain the various schemes of protection of feeders. b) What are the various schemes of bus bar protection? Discuss bus protection by differential relay. 7. a) Explain the reasons leading to the general practice of earthing the neutral points of a power system and discuss the relative merits and demerits of earthing its (i) solidly and (ii) through a resistance. b) Calculate the reactance of a coil suitable for a 33kV, 3- transmission system of which the capacitance to earth of each conduction is 4.5 F. 8. a) What is lightning? Describe the mechanism of lightning discharge. b) Explain the basic impulse insulation level and its significance. ***** 1 of 1

Code No: V3210/R07

Set No: 2

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 SWITCH GEAR AND PROTECION (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Explain various duties to be performed by a circuit breaker? Describe various methods of arc extinction. b) In a system of 132kV, line to ground capacitance is 0.01 F and the inductance is 5H. Determine the voltage appearing across the poles of a circuit breaker if a magnetizing current of 5 A (instantaneous value) is interrupted. Also determine the value of resistance to be used across the contacts to eliminate restriking voltage. 2. Describe the construction, principle of operation and applications of air blast circuit breaker with neat sketch. 3. a) What is meant by percentage bias? How is this achieved in practice in a differential relay? Under what circumstances is a percentage differential relay preferred over a differential one. b) State the applications of static relays. 4. a) Explain the principle of operation of differential scheme. How do you apply it in the protection of alternator? b) A star connected, 3-phase, 10 MVA, 6.6kV alternator is protected by circulating current protection, the star point being earthed in a resistance r. Calculate the value of earthing resistance, if 85% of the stator winding is protected against earth fault. Assume an earth fault setting of 20% Neglect the impedance of the alternating winding. 5. a) Explain the principle of merz-price system of protection used for power transformers. What are the limitations of this scheme and how are they overcome b) A 3-Phase, 11/33 kV, delta-star connected power transformer is protected by differential protection. The CTs on the LV side have a current ratio of 500/5. What must be the ratio of CTs on the HV side and how should they be connected. 6. a) Explain how the selection of current and time settings done in a time current graded system. b) What is meant by 3-zone protection? Give such scheme of protection for (i) short length line, (ii) medium length line and (iii) long lines. 7. a) What is the necessity of neutral earthing? Explain. b) A220 kV, 3- , 50 Hz, 250Km transmission line has a capacitance to earth of 0.04 F/phase. Find the inductance and kVA rating of the Peterson coil used for earthing the above system. 8. a) Explain the phenomenon of lightning stroke. b) Describe the construction and working of a thyrite lightning arrester. ***** 1 of 1

Code No: V3210/R07

Set No: 3

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 SWITCH GEAR AND PROTECION (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Discuss different methods of interrupting the arc current in circuit breakers. Explain two main theories of current zero interruption. 2. Describe the construction, principle of operation and application of SF6 circuit breaker. Explain clearly the current chopping process in SF6 Circuit breaker. 3. a) How does a distance relay derive its name from its function? Draw a neat sketch of a time distance relay and explain its working. b) The time current (PSM) characteristics of an over current relay for TMS of 1 is given in the below table PSM 2 3 5 7 10 13 15 18 20 Operating 10 6.8 4.4 3.4 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 times(sec) If the current plug setting is adjusted to 50% and the times multiples is adjusted to 0.75, calculate the time of operation of the relay when the fault current is 3000A and the relay is connected to a CT ratio 400/5 4. a) Explain with a neat diagram the application of merz-price circulating current principle for the protection of alternator. b) A star connected 3-Phase, 120MVA, 6.6kV alternator has a per phase reactance of 12F%.it is protected by merz-price circulating current principle which is set to operate for fault current not less than 180A.calculate the value of earthing resistance to be provided in order to ensure that only 12% of the alternator winding remains unprotected. 5. a) Describe the construction and working of Buchholz relay with neat sketch. b) A 120MVA, delta/star connected, 11/220kV transformer is to be protected by percentage differential scheme. CTs used are of 5000/5 and 400/1 respectively. Draw the sketch of complete scheme 6. a) Describe the differential pilot wire method of protection for feeders. b) What are the requirements of protection of lines? What is the importance of buy bar protection? 7. a) Explain the functions of Peterson coil and how it helps in reducing arcing grounds. b) Discuss and compare various methods of neutral grounding. 8. a) How do we use lightning arresters on transmission lines? How many types of lightning arresters are generally used? Name the best type. b) Explain the construction of volt-time characteristics ***** 1 of 1

Code No: V3210/R07

Set No: 4

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 SWITCH GEAR AND PROTECION (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Distinguish clearly between the recovery voltage and restriking voltage and also explain the significance of RRRV in the operation of a circuit breaker. b) Explain how arc is initiated and sustained in a circuit breakers when the circuit breaker contacts break. 2. Describe the construction, principle of operation and applications of vacuum circuit breaker with neat sketch. 3. a) What is an impedance relay? Explain its principle of operation. Show its characteristics on R-X diagram. What is the advantage of this relay for transmission line protection? b) Discuss the time-current characteristics of an induction type over current relay. 4. a) What are the abnormal conditions in a large alternator against which protection is necessary? Discuss them briefly. b) A 11kV,3-Phase turbo-alternator has a maximum rating of 120MW at 0.8 P.F and its reactance is 0.12 p.u. it is equipped with differential current protection scheme. It is set to operate at fault current not less 600A. Determine the magnitude of the neutral earthing resistance that leaves the 12% of the winding unprotected. 5. a) What are the various protections generally recommended for power transformers? In what respect core balance leakage protection is inferior to combined leakage and over load protection for power transformer. b) A 3- , 220/11 kV star-delta transformer is protected by merz-price system. The CTs on the low voltage side have a ratio of 500/5.Find the ratio of CTs on high voltage side. 6. a) What are the requirements of protection of lines? b) Explain the following systems of bus-bar protection (i) Differential protection and (ii) Fault bus protection. 7. a) What is earthing of neutral? What is it done? Briefly discuss different types of earthing the neutral. b) Explain the meaning of the term Resonant grounding. How is this achieved by the use of Peterson coil? What are its merits? 8. a) Discuss the various internal and external causes of over voltages in a power system. b) What is insulation coordination needed in a large power system? What is meant by basic impulse level of equipment? ***** 1 of 1

Code No: V3220/R07

Set No: 1

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING (Electronics and Communications Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Derive the TEmn mode field equations in a rectangular waveguide.. b) Show that TM01 and TM10 modes do not exist in a rectangular waveguide. (10+6) 2. a) An air-filled circular waveguide has a diameter of 4 cm and is to carry energy at a frequency of 10 GHz. Determine all TEnp modes for which transmission is possible. b) Define Q factor of a cavity resonator. Derive the expression for Q factor of a cavity resonator. (8+8) 3. a) Explain probe and loop coupling mechanisms with neat sketches. b) A 90 W power source is connected to the input of a directional coupler with C=25 dB, D=35 dB and insertion loss =0.5 dB. Find the output powers at the through, coupled and isolated ports. Assume all ports to be matched. (8+8) 4. a) Obtain the scattering matrix of a directional coupler. b) What is Faraday rotation? Explain the principle operation of a Gyrator using relevant diagrams. (8+8) 5. a) Draw the equivalent circuit of a reflex klystron and discuss electronic admittance in detail. Use relevant expressions and plots. Mention the performance characteristics of reflex klystron. b) A reflex klystron is operated at 5 GHz with an anode voltage of 1000V and cavity gap of 2 mm. Find out the optimum length of the drift region. Assume N. VR=500V. (10+6) 6. Explain the construction working of a TWT. Derive the expression for gain of a TWT. (16) 7. a) Explain Gunn effect using two valley theory and explain J-E characteristics of Gunn diode. b) Explain domain formation using relevant diagrams in Gunn diode. (8+8) 8. a) Draw the block schematic of a typical microwave bench and explain the functionality of each component. b) Explain the measurement of power using bolometer method. (8+8) *****

1 of 1

Code No: V3220/R07

Set No: 2

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING (Electronics and Communications Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) An air-filled rectangular wave guide has dimensions of a = 6 cm and b = 4 cm. The signal frequency is 3 GHz. Compute cutoff frequency, Guide wavelength, Phase constant and group velocity for the following modes i) TE10 ii) TE01 iii) TE11 iv) TM11 b) Obtain the expressions for average power transmitted through a rectangular wave guide for TEmn and TMmn modes. (12+4) 2. a) A TE11 wave is propagating in a air-filled circular waveguide of diameter 10 cm at 3 GHz, find the cutoff frequency, guide wavelength, wave impedance in the guide. b) With a neat diagram explain the working of a rectangular cavity resonator. Use relevant expressions for fields and obtain the expression for resonant frequency of oscillation. (8+8) 3. a) Explain types of aperture coupling with neat sketches. b) Explain the working of a dielectric phase shifter using a neat diagram.

(8+8)

4. a) Obtain the scattering matrix of a 3-port circulator .Given insertion loss of 0.5 dB, isolation of 20 dB and VSWR of 2. b) Explain the principle of working of hybrid ring. (10+6) 5. a) Discuss the limitations of conventional tubes at microwave frequencies. b) By means of applegate diagram explain the operation of reflex klystron. Show that theoretical efficiency of reflex klystron is 27.78%. (6+10) 6. a) What are slow wave structures? Explain how helical TWT achieves amplification. b) A helical TWT has diameter of 2 mm with 50 turns per cm. Calculate axial phase velocity and the anode voltage at which the TWT can operated for useful gain. (8+8)

7. Explain the constructional details of a Gunn diode. Explain different modes of operation of Gunn diode. Mention the typical (performance) characteristics of Gunn diode. (16) 8. a)Explain the power ratio method of measurement of attenuation b) Explain the method of measurement of high VSWR. *****

(8+8)

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Code No: V3220/R07

Set No: 3

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING (Electronics and Communications Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) The dominant mode TE10 is propagated in a rectangular waveguide of dimensions a=6 cm and b= 4 cm. The distance between a maximum and a minimum is 4.47cm. Determine the signal frequency of the dominant mode. b) What are dominant and degenerate modes? What is the significance of dominant modes? Indicate the dominant mode in rectangular wave guide and calculate fc for the same. (8+8)

2. a) A circular wave guide has a cutoff frequency of 9GHz in dominant mode. Find the inside diameter of the guide if it is i) air-filled. ii) Filled with dielectric with r=4. b) With a neat diagram explain the working of a cylindrical cavity resonator. Use relevant expressions for fields and obtain the expression for resonant frequency of oscillation. (8+8) 3. a) Explain the principle of operation of rotary vane type attenuator. b) Explain the principle of operation of Bethe hole directional coupler. 4. a) Obtain the scattering matrix of a H-plane Tee. b) Explain the working of dielectric phase shifter.

(8+8)

(8+8)

5. a) Explain the contraction and working of two cavity klystron amplifier and also derive the expression for efficiency. b) A reflex klystron operates at the peak of mode of n = 2 with Vo=280V, Io=22mA and signal voltage V1=30V. Determine the efficiency. (10+6) 6. Explain the construction and working of 8 cavity cylindrical magnetron. Derive Hulls Cutoff Voltage equation. (16) 7. Explain the construction, schematic and working of IMPATT diode. Use necessary V- I characteristics. Draw the doping profiles of a typical IMPATT diode. (16) 8. a) Explain the RF substitution method of measurement of attenuation. b) Explain the measurement of low VSWR. *****

(8+8)

1 of 1

Code No: V3220/R07

Set No: 4

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING (Electronics and Communications Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) An air filled rectangular waveguide shown in figure below transports energy in TE10 mode at the rate of 0.5 hp. Calculate the peak value of the electric field in the guide at 30 GHz.

b) Derive the TMmn mode field equations in a rectangular waveguide.

(6+10)

2. a) An air-filled circular waveguide has a radius of 3 cm and is used as a resonator for TE01 mode at10 GHz by placing two perfectly conducting plates at its two ends. Determine the minimum distance between the two end plates. b) Explain the significance of Q factor of a cavity resonator. Draw the equivalent circuit of a cavity coupled to a generator. Define coupling coefficient K. Explain the types of coupling coefficients giving loaded Q for every type. (6+10) 3. a) Explain the principle of operation two hole directional coupler. Define coupling coefficient, directivity, insertion loss and indicate the values for an ideal directional coupler. b) What are waveguide posts? Draw the equivalent circuits of waveguide posts of lengths /4, = /4, /4 and explain the behavior using a graph susceptance versus distance of the post into the guide. (10+6) 4. a) What are s-parameters? Why are s-parameters preferred at microwave frequencies? Write the properties of scattering matrix. b) Draw the constructional details of isolator and explain the working of isolator. (8+8) 5. a) A reflex klystron operates at the peak of the n = 2 mode. The dc power input is 40mW and the ratio of V1 over Vo is 0.278. If 20% of power delivered by the beam is dissipated in the cavity walls, find the power delivered to the load. (V1 = Signal Voltage and Vo=Beam voltage) b) Explain the construction and working of two cavity klystron amplifier. (6+10) 6. a) Explain the terms frequency pulling and frequency pushing with reference to magnetron. b) What is mode jumping in magnetrons and explain remedial measures to overcome it. c) Compare the performance characteristics of TWT amplifier and Magnetron. (4+6+6) 1 of 2

Code No: V3220/R07

Set No: 4

7. What are avalanche transit time devices? Explain the schematic and working of TRAPATT diode. Use necessary voltage and current waveforms. Indicate typical values of power output and efficiency. (16) 8. a) Explain the measurement of Q of a cavity resonator. b) Explain the frequency measurement techniques. *****

(8+8)

2 of 2

Code No: V3250/R07

Set No: 1

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 AEROSPACE VEHICLE STRUCTURES-II (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Calculate the shear flows in the web panels rib shown in Fig 1.1. Assume that the web of the rib is effective only in shear while the resistance of the wing to bending moments is provided entirely by the three flanges 1, 2 and 3. [16]

Fig. 1.1 2. The doubly symmetrical fuselage section shown in Fig. 1.2 has been idealized into an arrangement of direct stress carrying booms and shear stress carrying skin panels; the boom areas are all 150mm. Calculate the direct stresses in the booms when the section is subjected to a shear load of 50 kN and a bending moment of 150 kN m. [16]

Fig. 1.2 3. Explain the procedure for estimating the load carrying capability of stressed skins of aircraft wing shells with an example? [16] 4. Find the position of the shear centre Es with respect to the intersection of the web and lower flange of the thin walled section shown in Figure 1.4. [16]

1 of 2

Code No: V3250/R07

Set No: 1

Fig. 1.4 5. The fuselage of a light passenger carrying aircraft has the circular cross-section shown in Fig. 1.5. The cross-sectional area of each stringer is 100mm2 and the vertical distances given in Figure are to the mid-line of the section wall at the corresponding stringer position. It is subjected to a vertical shear load of 100 kN applied at a distance of 100 mm from the vertical axis of symmetry as shown in Figure. Calculate the distribution of shear flow in the section. [16]

Fig. 1.5 6. Derive the general differential equation for a torsion beam? 7. Explain in detail about the primary and secondary warping phenomena? [16] [16]

8. Explain in detail about the procedure for improving torsion bending strength of L section? [16] *****

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Code No: V3250/R07

Set No: 2

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 AEROSPACE VEHICLE STRUCTURES-II (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. The doubly symmetrical fuselage section shown in Fig. 2.1 has been idealized into an arrangement of direct stress carrying booms and shear stress carrying skin panels; the boom areas are all 150mm. Calculate the shear flows in the panels when the section is subjected to a shear load of 50 kN and a bending moment of 150 kN m. [16]

Fig. 2.1 2. How the load diffusion takes place in thin walled panels with oblique stiffness? Explain with an example? [16] 3. Discuss the concept of effective width. Derive its value for a simply supported sheet and for a sheet with one side simply supported and other free. [16] 4. Find the shear flow distribution in the rectangular section shown in Fig. 2.4, given the walls are effective in bending as well as shear. [16]

Fig. 2.4 5. The fuselage of a light passenger carrying aircraft has the circular cross-section shown in Fig. 2.5. The cross-sectional area of each stringer is 100mm2 and the vertical distances given in Figure are to the mid-line of the section wall at the corresponding stringer position. It is subjected to a vertical shear load of 150 kN applied at a distance of 100 mm from the vertical axis of symmetry as shown Figure. Calculate the distribution of shear flow in the section. [16] 1 of 2

Code No: V3250/R07

Set No: 2

Fig. 2.5 6. A cantilever of I section is built in at one end and twisted by a couple Mt applied at the other end. Find the angle of twist and maximum Bending Moment in the flanges as shown in Fig. 2.6. [16]

Fig. 2.6 7. Determine the maximum shear stress and the warping distribution in the channel section with 12 edge under axial constraint shown in Fig. 2.7 when it is subjected to an anticlockwise torque of 10Nm. G=15 000N/mm2. [16]

Fig. 2.7 8. Explain in detail about the methods of improving torsion bending strength. ***** [16]

2 of 2

Code No: V3250/R07

Set No: 3

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 AEROSPACE VEHICLE STRUCTURES-II (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Describe the main features of a stressed skin structure. Discuss the structural functions of the various components with particular reference either to the fuselage or to the wing of a medium sized transport aircraft. [16] 2. How the load diffusion takes place in thin walled panels with oblique stiffness? Explain with an example? [16] 3. Write short notes on the following: (i) Stability of stiffened panels (ii) Concept of shear flow and shear lag

[8+8]

4. Find the bending stresses at points A, B and C of the beam cross-section shown in fig. 3.4 The properties of this area are as follows Ix=693.3 in4, Iy=173.3 in4, Ixy=-240 in4 [16]

Fig. 3.4

5. The fuselage of a light passenger carrying aircraft has the circular cross-section shown in Fig. 3.5. The cross-sectional area of each stringer is 100mm2 and the vertical distances given in Figure are to the mid-line of the section wall at the corresponding stringer position. It is subjected to a vertical shear load of 150 kN applied at a distance of 150 mm from the vertical axis of symmetry as shown in Figure. Calculate the distribution of shear flow in the section. [16] 1 of 2

Code No: V3250/R07

Set No: 3

Fig. 3.5 6. Discuss in detail about condition for ZERO warping at a section? [16]

7. Derive the expression for torsion bending constant for a tube with channel cross section.[16] 8. Explain the procedure for improving torsion bending strength of T section? [16]

*****

2 of 2

Code No: V3250/R07

Set No: 4

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 AEROSPACE VEHICLE STRUCTURES-II (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Explain Wageners theory of beams and also explain the differences between Monocoque and semi monocoque structures? [16] 2. Calculate the axial loads in the flanges of the wing rib shown in Fig. 4.2. Assume that the web of the rib is effective only in shear while the resistance of the wing to bending moments is provided entirely by the three flanges 1, 2 and 3. [16]

Fig. 4.2 3. Discuss the concept of effective width. Derive its value for a simply supported sheet and for a sheet with one side simply supported and other free. [16] 4. Determine the Shear centre location of an aircraft semicircular box beam shown in fig. 4.4. [16]

Fig. 4.4

5. The fuselage of a light passenger carrying aircraft has the circular cross-section shown in Fig. 4.5. The cross-sectional area of each stringer is 100mm2 and the vertical distances given in Figure. are to the mid-line of the section wall at the corresponding stringer position. It is subjected to a vertical shear load of 150 kN applied at a distance of 150 mm from the vertical axis of symmetry as shown in Figure. Calculate the distribution of shear flow in the section. [16] 1 of 2

Code No: V3250/R07

Set No: 4

Fig. 4.5 6. Explain the torsional bending phenomena for an unsymmetrical beam? 7. Derive the expression for torsion bending constant for a tube with T cross section? 8. Explain the procedure for improving torsion bending strength of I section? [16] [16] [16]

*****

2 of 2

Code No: V3223/R07

Set No: 1

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 COMPILER DESIGN (Computer Science and Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) What are various phases of compiler .Explain each phase in detail. Write down the output of each phase for expression a:= b+c *50 b) Define lexeme, token and pattern. Identify the lexemes that make up the tokens in the following program segment. Indicate corresponding token and pattern. void swap(int i, int j) { int t; t=i; i=j; j=t; } [8+8] 2. a) Construct the predictive parser for the following grammar S->a|1^|(T) T->T,S|S Write down the necessary algorithms and define FIRST and FOLLOW. Show the behavior of the parser in the sentences: (i) (a,(a,a)) (ii) (((a,a),1^,(a),a). b) Eliminate ambiguity if any from the following grammar for boolean expressions. bexpr bexpr or bterm|bterm bterm bterm and bfactor|bfactor bfactor nst factor|(bexpr)|true|false. Where or, and, not (, ), true, false are terminals in the grammar. [8+8] 3. a) Obtain the stack implementation of shift reduce parser for the input string id1+ id2* id3 for the following grammar E E+E E E*E E (E) E id b) Discuss about shift reduce parsing conflicts that arise during parsing. [8+8] 4. a) Write a translation scheme to generate three address code for assignment sentences with array and pointer references. b) Consider the following declarations type link = cell; var next : link; last : link; p : cell; q,r : cell; 1 of 2

Code No: V3223/R07

Set No: 1

Which the following expressions are structurally equivalent? Which are name equivalent? Justify your answer. link pointer(cell) pointer(link) pointer(record((info X integer) X (next X pointer(cell))) 5. a) Describe in detail about storage allocation for arrays, strings and records. b) Discuss about implementation of simple stack allocation scheme. 6. a) Explain any two machine dependent code optimization techniques. b) Describe about scope of optimization in detail.

[8+8]

[8+8]

[8+8]

7. a) Determine the pre-dominant block of block B2 in the program flow graph from the following code ../* Block B0*/ o to 100 /* Block B1*/ 100 go to 10 /* Block B2*/ b) Describe in detail about next use information about names in basic blocks. [8+8] 8. a) Discuss in detail about the issues in the design of a code generator. b) Explain in detail about machine dependent code optimization. *****

[8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V3223/R07 III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 COMPILER DESIGN (Computer Science and Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Explain how lex program will perform the lexical analysis for the following patterns in C: identifiers, comments, numerical constants and arithmetic operators b) Draw a block diagram of phases of a compiler and indicate the main functions of each phase. [8+8] 2. a) Consider the following grammar E TE E +TE| T FT T *FT| F (E)|id Consider the predictive parsing table and show the stack implementation for the input string id+id * id b) Find the predictive parser for the following grammar and parse the sentence (a+b) * E E+T|T T T*F|F F (E)| id [8+8] 3. a) Give the LALR parsing table for the below grammar S L=R S R L *R L id R L b) What is Shift-Reduce and Reduce-Reduce conflict? How these can be resolved? With examples explain in which condition S-R and R-R conflict can occur in SLR, canonical LR and LALR parsers. (Make use of LR(0), LR(1)) [8+8] 4. a) Give a syntax directed definition to translate infix expression into infix expression without redundant parentheses for e.g. since + and * associate to the left ((a*(b+c))*(d)) can be rewritten as a* (b+c) *d b) Translate executable sentences of the following C program. main() { int i = 1; int a[10]; while (i <= 10) { a[i] = 0; i = i + 1; } } into 1 of 2

Set No: 2

Code No: V3223/R07

Set No: 2

i) Syntax tree ii) Postfix notation iii) Three-address code.

[8+8]

5. a) Describe in detail about symbol table format and organization for block structure languages. b) Discuss in detail about the issues of source language in run time environment. [8+8] 6. a) What is a basic block? Write an algorithm for partitioning a sequence of three address statements into basic blocks. b) Explain about local optimization in detail. [8+8] 7. a) Explain in detail about global optimization. b) Determine the definition points d; affecting the expression C = C+A In the following code .. A=Z; /* statement S0*/ A=B; /* statement S1*/ C=D; /* statement S2*/ C=C+A;

[8+8]

8. a) Augment the code generation algorithm to incorporate the following features. i) The parenthesis in an expression ii) Non commutative operators like - and / etc b) What is machine dependent code optimization? On what factors it depends? Describe about machine dependent code optimization techniques. [8+8] *****

2 of 2

Code No: V3223/R07

Set No: 3

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 COMPILER DESIGN (Computer Science and Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Construct an NFA for the regular expression r=(a|b)*abb and convert it into equivalent DFA. b) Consider the following fragment of C code float i,j; i=i*70+j+2; Write output at all phases of compiler. [8+8] 2. a) Construct recursive descent parser for the following grammar of regular expressions E E+T|T T TF|F F F*|a|b b) Find the FIRST and FOLLOW sets of each of the following non-terminals for the following grammar S aAB|bA| A aAb| B bB|c [8+8] 3. a) Construct LALR parser for the below grammar A A A (A) A a b) How YACC resolves parsing action conflicts? What is the new production added to the YACC on error recovery. [8+8] 4. a) For the input expression (4*7+1)*2 construct an annotated parse tree according to syntax directed definition of desk calculator. b) What are L-attributed grammars? Explain the steps involved in converting an Lattributed grammar into translator scheme. [8+8] 5. a) Define symbol table? Explain the need for symbol table organization and the data structures used for implementing a symbol table. b) Explain about the block structures and non block structure storage allocation in detail. [8+8] 6. a) Explain in detail about loop optimization. b) Explain in detail about constant folding with an example.

[8+8]

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Code No: V3223/R07

Set No: 3

7. a) In the source code X= a*a + 2*a*b + b*b; Y=a*a-2*a*b + b*b; Contains how many number of common sub expressions they are located. b) Discuss in detail about live variable analysis.

.Explain in detail where [8+8]

8. a) Explain in detail about register allocation and assignment of generic code generation algorithms. b) Show various steps in the code generation algorithm of the expression (a + b) / (c + d) Assuming two machine registers to be available. *****

[8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: V3223/R07

Set No: 4

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 COMPILER DESIGN (Computer Science and Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Construct minimum state DFAs for the following regular expressions. (a+b)* a (a+b) (a+b)* a (a+b) (a+b) b) Give general format for LEX program. [8+8] 2. a) Consider the grammar E E+T|T T T*F|F F (E)| id Trace the grammar by Brute force method for each of the following strings i) a+a ii) a+a*a iii) (a+a) b) Check whether the following grammar is a LL(1) grammar S->iEtS|iEtSeS|a E->b 3. a) Construct the LALR parsing table for the following grammar E E+T|T T TF|F F F*|a|b b) Construct SLR parsing table for S abS|AAab|b A baAb|b

[8+8]

[8+8]

4. a) Give the translate scheme to convert an expression grammar into three address code. b) Generate intermediate code generation for the following code along with the required translation scheme int a,b; float c; a=10; switch(a) { case 10:c=1; case 20:c=2; } [8+8] 5. a) Discuss in detail about runtime stack and heap storage allocation. b) Explain about tree structure representation of scope information .

[8+8]

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Code No: V3223/R07

Set No: 4

6. a) What are the applications of DAG. Explain how the following expression can be converted in a DAG for a+b*(a+b)+c+d b) Describe in detail about considerations for optimization. [8+8] 7. a) Discuss in detail about data flow analysis. b) What is a flow graph? How to construct a DAG? Discuss the steps for DAG construction? [8+8] 8. a)Represent DAG for register allocation in detail. b) Describe different object code forms and illustrate this with an example. *****

[8+8]

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Code No: V3247/R07

Set No: 1

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (Electronics and Computer Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Give a generic view of Software Engineering.? 2. Discuss various evolutionary software process models in detail? [16] [16]

3. Discuss an example of a type of system where social and political factors might strongly influence the system requirements. Explain why these factors are important in your example? [16] 4. (a) Define and explain about coupling and cohesion. Also differentiate between them? (b) Discuss the statement, Abstraction and refinement are complementary concepts? [8+8] 5. (a) What is meant by User Interface? What are the three areas that user interface design focuses? Explain them. (b) Discuss the importance of user interface design? [8+8] 6. (a) Discuss about Security testing and Performance testing? (b) State and explain various debugging tactics? (c) What are the questions that every software engineer should ask before making the Correction that remove the cause of a bug? [5+5+6] 7. (a) Discuss about software tools for project and process metrics? (b) Discuss any four useful indicators for software quality.

[8+8]

8. (a) Is it possible asses the quality of software if the customer keeps changing? What it is supposed to do? (b)Explain about ISO 9000 Quality Standards? [8+8] *****

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Code No: V3247/R07

Set No: 2

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (Electronics and Computer Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Elaborate on evolution of software. [16] 2. (a) Differentiate between prototyping and incremental models? (b) Explain the unified approach to software development. Discuss the merits and demerits of this approach? [8+8] 3. Discuss about principal requirements engineering activities and their relationships? [16]

4. (a) Define and explain abstraction and refinement. Also differentiate between Them? (b) What is refactoring? Why is it done? [8+8] 5. (a) List out and explain the Golden Rules? (b) Explain about the Steps involved in the Interface design? 6. (a) Explain about the Metrics for Source code, Testing and Maintenance? (b) Who will test the software, either developer or an independent test group? Discuss the advantage and draw backs of each on?

[8+8]

[10+6]

7. (a) Compute the function point value for a project with the following information domain characteristics. Number of external inputs: 34 Number of external outputs: 62 Number of external inquires: 22 Number of external interface files: 4 Number of internal logical files: 6 Assume that all complexity adjustment values are average? (b) What is an indirect measure? And how are such measures common in software metrics work? [10+6] 8. (a) What is meant by FTR? Discuss about review reporting and record keeping? (b) State and explain the guidelines for formal technical reviews? *****

[8+8]

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Code No: V3247/R07

Set No: 3

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (Electronics and Computer Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Explain in detail about the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)? [16] 2. (a) What is water fall model? How is it different from other engineering process models? (b) Explain various types of evolutionary development? [8+8] 3. (a) Why requirements review is conducted? Discuss various types of it? (b) What is requirements management? Why is it needed? 4. (a) Explain in detail about the Design Concepts? (b) Explain about Architecture styles and Patterns?

[8+8]

[8+8]

5. Draw a sequence diagram showing the interactions of objects in a group diary system when a group of people arrange a meeting? [16] 6. (a) What is the overall strategy for software testing? Explain it clearly? (b) Discuss a testing strategy for Object-Oriented architectures? 7. (a) Differentiate between Reactive and Proactive Risk Strategies? (b) Explain about Risk identification, Refinement and Projection?

[8+8]

[8+8]

8. A Formal Technical Review (FTR) effective only if every one has prepared in advance. How do you recognize a review participant who has not prepared? What do you do if you are the review leader? [16] *****

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Code No: V3247/R07

Set No: 4

III B.Tech II Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (Electronics and Computer Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. (a)Explain about Process pattern and assessment? (b) Differentiate between Personal and Team Process Models? [8+8] 2. Explain about Incremental process Models? 3. (a) Explain briefly about Requirements management? (b) Explain about Behavioral models? 4. (a) Define interface. Discuss various types of interfaces. Give examples for each? (b) What is component? Also explain about component diagrams? 5. (a) State the design principles suggested by Mayer for OOD. (b) OOD tends to be programming language dependent. Why? [16]

[8+8]

[8+8]

[8+8]

6. (a) List some of the problems that might be associated with the creation of an independent test group? (b)Why a highly coupled module is is difficult to unit test? [8+8] 7. (a) Discuss the seven principles of risk management which were identified by SEI? (b) Distinguish between generic risks and product specific risks? [8+8] 8. What is meant by SQA? Discuss in detail SQA activities? ***** [16]

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Code No: Q1301/R05

Set No. 1

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 COMPUTER NETWORKS ( Common to Electronics & Control Engineering, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Compare point -to-point channels with broadcast channels along with suitable examples? (b) A collection of ve routers is to be collected in a point-to-point subnet. Between each pair of routers, the designers may put a high speed line, a mediumspeed line, a low-speed line, or no line. If it takes 100ms of computer time to generate and inspect each topology, how long will it take to inspect all of them to nd the one that best matches the expected load? [8+8] 2. (a) Compare the two methods of serial transmission. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each? (b) With a neat diagram explain about Knockout switch? [8+8]

3. (a) Discuss the error control technique which is commonly used in data network. What value of N is used in go-back-N ARQ technique used in ARPANET and why? (b) Imagine that you are writing the data link software for a line used to send data to you, but not from you. The other end uses HDLC, with a 3-bit sequence number and a window size of seven frames. You would like to buer as many out of sequence frames as possible to enhance eciency, but you are not allowed to modify the software on the sending side. Is it possible to have a receiver window greater than one, and still guarantee that the protocol will never fail? If so, what is the largest window that can be safely used? [8+8] 4. (a) What is the prime dierence between a token bus and a token ring? (b) A large population of ALOHA users manages to generate 50 requests/sec, including both originals and retransmissions. Time is slotted in the units of 40 msec. i. What is the chance of success on the rst attempt? ii. What is the probability of exactly k collisions and then a success? iii. What is the expected number of transmission attempts needed? [4+12] 5. (a) Explain the working of Distance vector routing algorithm with the help of an example. (b) What is Count to Innity problem? Suggest solution for it. 6. (a) What is multicasting? How IP supports multicasting? 1 of 2 [10+6]

Code No: Q1301/R05

Set No. 1
[6+5+5]

(b) What is the advantage of exchanging exact path in BGP? (c) Why BOOTP is preferred over RARP?

7. (a) What is the dierence between Slow Start and Congestion Avoidance of TCP? (b) What is the format of ATM Cell? (c) Why ATM uses xed size cells? [8+4+4]

8. What is Digital Signature? Explain the following Digital signature approaches. (a) Digital signatures with Big brother (b) Digital signatures with Public key cryptography. [8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: Q1301/R05

Set No. 2

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 COMPUTER NETWORKS ( Common to Electronics & Control Engineering, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) What are the advantages of having layered architecture? Mention the layers of ISO-OSI reference model? (b) What is Internet? Mention some of the applications of Internet? [8+8]

2. (a) Television channels are 6MHz wide. How many bits/sec can be sent if four level digital signals are used? Assume a noiseless channel (b) How does a virtual circuit dier from a physical circuit? What advantages would a virtual circuit provide? [8+8] 3. (a) Mention and discuss the functioning of data link layer protocols in detail. (b) Data link protocols almost always put the CRC in a trailer, rather than in the header. Why? [12+4] 4. (a) Explain in detail binary count down collision free protocol? (b) Give the detailed description of 802.3 frame format? [8+8]

5. Routing can be classied in to two types Source routing and hop-by-hop routing. In source routing, source determines the complete route, places the route in the packet header and intermediate routers just switch packets from one link to other link. In hop-by-hop routing each router maintains a routing table and when packet arrives on input link it places it on output link based on routing table. Compare the relative advantages & disadvantages of these two routing approaches. [16] 6. (a) Is fragmentation needed in concatenated V.C subnets, or only in data gram subnets. (b) Tunneling through a concatenated V.C subnet is straight forward. The multi protocol router at one end just setups up a V.C. to the other end & passes packets through it. Can tunneling also be used in datagram subnets. (c) A Class B network on the Internet has a subnet mask of 255.255.240.0. What is the maximum number of hosts per subnet. Explain your answer. [6+5+5] 7. (a) In TCP Why three?way handshake is required for connection establishment and release. (b) Why TCP is not suitable for request?reply type of transfers? (c) As application developer under what circumstances you use TCP and under what circumstances you use UDP? [6+5+5] 1 of 2

Code No: Q1301/R05

Set No. 2
[8+4+4]

8. (a) With the help of diagram explain the encryption model. (b) What is the role of key secrecy and algorithm secrecy in security? (c) What are the approaches for cryptanalysis?

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Code No: Q1301/R05

Set No. 3

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 COMPUTER NETWORKS ( Common to Electronics & Control Engineering, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) What are the distinct characteristics of local area networks, explain briey? Why is a LAN required and what objectives are achieved by having a LAN (b) A group of 2n 1 routers are interconnected in a centralized binary tree, with a router at each tree node. Router i communicate with router j by sending a message to the root of the tree. The root then sends the message back down to j. Derive an approximate expression for the mean number of hops per message for large n, assuming that all router pairs are equally likely. [8+8] 2. (a) Write a brief notes on: i. Radio transmission ii. Microwave transmission. (b) Discuss about Narrow band ISDN? 3. (a) Discuss about point-to-point protocol? (b) Discuss about various framing techniques? Mention their advantages and disadvantages? [8+8] 4. (a) Discuss the various cable topologies supported with in a carrier sense network. What is Ethernet with token ring networks? (b) Explain about the high performance ber optic token ring LAN? [8+8] [8+8]

5. Consider the subnet given gure 5. Distance vector routing is used, and the following vectors have just come in to router C: from B:(5,0,8,12,6,2); from D(16,12,6,0, 9,10); and from E(7,6,3,9,0,4). The measured delays to B, D, and E, are 6,3, and 5 respectively. What is Cs new routing table. Give both the outgoing line to use and the expected delay. [16]

Figure 5 1 of 2

Code No: Q1301/R05

Set No. 3

6. (a) What is Logical address and Physical address in computer networks? Why a mapping from logical address to physical address and vice versa is required? Explain the protocols which perform it. (b) Explain Special IP address. 7. (a) Explain the transport primitives. (b) Imagine that a two-way handshake rather than a three-way handshake were used to set up connections. In other words, the third message was not required. Are deadlocks now possible? Give an example or show that none exit. [8+8] 8. (a) Explain Die-Hellman key exchange. (b) How Authentication is implemented using public-key cryptography? [6+10] [10+6]

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Code No: Q1301/R05

Set No. 4

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 COMPUTER NETWORKS ( Common to Electronics & Control Engineering, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. Dierentiate between the following: (a) WAN and Internet (b) Connection oriented service and Connection less service (c) OSI Vs TCP/IP. [5+5+6]

2. (a) Television channels are 6MHz wide. How many bits/sec can be sent if four level digital signals are used? Assume a noiseless channel (b) How does a virtual circuit dier from a physical circuit? What advantages would a virtual circuit provide? [8+8] 3. Explain in detail the two data link protocols widely used in the Internet? 4. (a) Discuss what happens if token is lost in case of token bus LAN? (b) Explain in detail source routing bridges. [8+8] [16]

5. Dene route. Why routing algorithm is required. Routes can be predetermined and then use them when required (or) Routes can be determined when needed and use them immediately. First method is proactive and second method is reactive. Which one is preferred for wired networks? Justify your answer. [16] 6. (a) How Tunneling helps in connecting two dierent networks? (b) How routing in inter-network is dierent from routing in subnet? [8+8]

7. (a) Assume Audio or Video being played On-line. In such situations retransmitted packet is equivalent to packet lost. Which transport protocols is suitable for such situations. Justify your selection. (b) For File transfer which transport protocol is preferred & why? (c) Why TCP uses cumulative acknowledgement policy? [6+5+5]

8. What is Authentication? How it is dierent from Authorization? Explain in brief dierent Authentication protocols with their relative merits and demerits. [16]

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Code No: P1204/R05

Set No. 1

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 DATA WAREHOUSING AND DATA MINING (Information Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Explain data mining as a step in the process of knowledge discovery. (b) Dierentiate operational database systems and data warehousing. 2. Briey discuss the following: (a) Missing Values. (b) Histogram analysis (c) Data compression (d) Principle component analysis. [16] [8+8]

3. The four major types of concept hierarchies are: schema hierarchies, set-grouping hierarchies, operation-derived hierarchies, and rule-based hierarchies. (a) Briey dene each type of hierarchy. (b) For each hierarchy type, provide an example. [16]

4. (a) What are the dierences between concept description in large data bases and OLAP? (b) Explain about the graph displays of basic statistical class description. [8+8] 5. (a) How can we mine multilevel Association rules eciently using concept hierarchies? Explain. (b) Can we design a method that mines the complete set of frequent item sets without candidate generation. If yes, explain with example. [8+8] 6. (a) How is prediction dierent from classication? Explain Bayesian classication. (b) Explain classier accuracy. [8+8]

7. (a) Suppose that the data mining task is to cluster the following eight points(with (x,y) representing location) into three clusters. A1(2,10), A2(2,5), A3(8,4), B1(5,8), B2(7,5), B3(6,4), C1(1,2), C2(4,9). The distance function is Euclidean distance. Suppose initially we assign A1,B1, and C1 as the center of each cluster, respectively. Use the k-means algorithm to show only i. the three cluster centers after the rst round execution, and ii. the nal three clusters. (b) Explain DBSCAN algorithm with suitable example. 1 of 2

Code No: P1204/R05 (c) How does CLIQUE work?

Set No. 1
[8+4+4]

8. Suppose that a city transportation department would like to perform data analysis on highway trac for the planning of highway construction based on the city trac data collected at dierent hours every day. (a) Design a spatial data warehouse that stores the highway trac information so that people can easily see the average and peak time trac ow by highway, by time of day, and by weekdays, and the trac situation when a major accident occurs. (b) What information can we mine from such a spatial data warehouse to help city planners? (c) This data warehouse contains both spatial and temporal data. Propose one mining technique that can eciently mine interesting patterns from such a spatio-temporal data warehouse. [5+5+6]

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Code No: P1204/R05

Set No. 2

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 DATA WAREHOUSING AND DATA MINING (Information Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. Briey compare the following concepts. Use an example to explain your points. (a) Snowake schema, fact constellation, starnet query model. (b) Data cleaning, data transformation, refresh. (c) Discovery driven cube, multifeature cube, and virtual warehouse. 2. Briey discuss the Discretization and concept hierarchy techniques. 3. (a) Briey discuss about Task-relevant data specication. (b) Explain the syntax for Task-relevant data specication. 4. (a) Briey explain about data generalization. (b) Briey explain about data summarization based characterization. 5. (a) Explain about constraint-based Association mining. (b) Give an example for Association rule mining? Classify Association rules.[8+8] 6. (a) What is a decision tree? Write basic algorithm for inducting a decision tree from training samples and explain. (b) Explain about prediction in detail. [8+8] [8+8] [8+8] [16] [16]

7. (a) Give an example of how specic clustering methods may be integrated, for example, where one clustering algorithm is used as a preprocessing step for another. (b) Write CURE algorithm and explain. [10+6]

8. Suppose that a power station stores data about power consumption levels by time and by region, and power usage information per customers in each region. Discuss how to solve the following problems in such time-series database. (a) Find similar power consumption curve fragments for a given region on Fridays. (b) Every time a power consumption curve rises sharply, what may happen within 20 minutes. (c) How can we nd the most inuential feature that distinguish a stable power consumption region from an unstable one? [5+5+6] 1 of 1

Code No: P1204/R05

Set No. 3

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 DATA WAREHOUSING AND DATA MINING (Information Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Draw and explain the architecture of typical data mining system. (b) Dierentiate OLTP and OLAP. 2. Explain various data reduction techniques. 3. (a) Briey discuss about Task-relevant data specication (b) Briey discuss the various forms of Presenting and visualizing the discovered patterns. [8+8] 4. Explain the mining of a class comparison with an example. 5. Explain the following: (a) Multidimensional Association rules. (b) Mining quantitative Association rules. (c) Mining distance-based Association rules. 6. What is Backpropagation? Explain Backpropagation classication. 7. (a) How does the k-means algorithm work? Explain with example. (b) Explain about grid-based methods in clustering. [8+8] [5+6+5] [16] [16] [8+8] [16]

8. An object cube can be constructed by generalization of an object-oriented database into relatively structured data prior to performing multidimensional generalization. Discuss how to handle set-oriented data in an object cube. [16]

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Code No: P1204/R05

Set No. 4

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 DATA WAREHOUSING AND DATA MINING (Information Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Explain data mining as a step in the process of knowledge discovery. (b) Dierentiate operational database systems and data warehousing. [8+8]

2. Suppose that the data for analysis include the attribute age. The age values for the data tuples are (in increasing order): 13,15,16,16,19,20,20,21,22,22,25,25,25,25,30,33,33,35,35,35,35,36,40,45,46, 52,70. (a) Use smoothing by bin means to smooth the above data, using a bin depth of 3. Illustrate your steps. Comment on the eect of the technique for the given data. (b) How might you determine outliers in the data? (c) What other methods are there for data smoothing? [16] 3. (a) Briey describe about Presentation and visualization of discovered patterns (b) Explain the syntax for pattern presentation and visualization specication. [8+8] 4. (a) What are the dierences between concept description in large data bases and OLAP? (b) Explain about the graph displays of basic statistical class description. [8+8] 5. Propose and outline a level shared mining approach to mining multilevel association rules in which each item is encoded by its level position , and initial scan of the database collects the count for each item at each concept level, identifying frequent and sub frequent items. Comment on the processing cost of mining multilevel associations with this method in comparison to mining single level associations. [16] 6. (a) Explain decision tree induction classication. (b) Describe backpropagation classication. [8+8]

7. (a) Use a diagram to illustrate how, for a constant MinPts value, density-based clusters with respect to a higher density (i.e., a lower value for , the neighborhood radius) are completely contained in density- connected sets obtained with respect to a lower density. 1 of 2

Code No: P1204/R05

Set No. 4

(b) Give an example of how specic clustering methods may be integrated, for example, where one clustering algorithm is used as a preprocessing step for another. [8+8] 8. (a) What kinds of association can be mined in multimedia data? What are the dierences between mining association rules in multimedia databases versus transactional databases? (b) How does latent semantic indexing reduce the size of the term frequency matrix? Explain. (c) Describe the construction of a multilayered web information base.[3+3+6+4]

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Code No: P0502/R05

Set No. 1

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 COMPILER DESIGN (Computer Science & Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Consider the following fragment of C code: oat i, j; i = i * 70 + j + 2; Write the output at all phases of the compiler for the above C code. (b) Write short notes on: input buering. [10+6] 2. Construct predictive parsing table for the following grammar. E T E E +T E | T F T T F T | F (E)|id

[16]

3. Construct a DFA whose states are the canonical collection of LR(1) items for the following augmented grammer: SA A BA | B aB |b 4. Write short notes on the following: (a) S-attributed denitions. (b) L-attributed denitions. (c) Dependency graph. 5. (a) Briey explain static, stack and heap storage allocation schemes. (b) Consider the following C declaration: struct { short s1[5]; long l; union { short s2; oat y; long z; }u; }t; Assume that the objects of the type short, oat, and long occupy 2 bytes, 4 bytes, and 8 bytes respectively. Find the memory requirement for variable t, ignoring alignment considerations. [8+8] 1 of 2

[16]

[6+6+4]

Code No: P0502/R05

Set No. 1

6. (a) What is DAG? Construct the DAG for the following basic block D := B C E :=A+B B := B+C A := E-D (b) What are the legal evaluation orders and names for the values at the nodes for the DAG of problem (a). i. Assuming A, B and C are alive at the end of the basic block? ii. Assuming only A is live at the end? 7. (a) What is an Induction variable? Explain with an example. (b) Discuss how induction variables can be detected and how transformation can be applied. [8+8] 8. (a) Explain the dierent issues in the design of a code generator. (b) Generate code for the following C statements: i. ii. iii. iv. x= x= x= x= f(a) + f(a) + f(a) f(a) /g(b,c) f(f(a)) ++f(a) [6+10]

[8+8]

2 of 2

Code No: P0502/R05

Set No. 2

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 COMPILER DESIGN (Computer Science & Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. Explain with an example, how LEX program performs lexical analysis for the following patterns in C : identier, comments, constants, and arithmetic operators. [16] 2. (a) Construct recursive descent parser for the following grammar. E T E E +T E | T F T T F T | F (E)|id (b) Eliminate ambiguities in the following grammar. S iEtS|iEtSeS|a E b|c|d [10+6]

3. (a) Explain the stack implementation of shift reduce parsing method with an example. (b) Dene handle. Give suitable example. 4. Write type expressions for the following types. (a) An array of pointers to reals, where array index ranages from 1 to 100. (b) A two dimensional array of integers (i.e. an array of array) whose rows are indexed from 0 to 9 and whose columns are indexed from -10 to 10. (c) Functions whose domains are functions from integers to pointers to integers and whose ranges are records consisting of an integer and a character. [5+5+6] 5. (a) Briey explain static, stack and heap storage allocation schemes. (b) Consider the following C declaration: struct { short s1[5]; long l; union { short s2; oat y; long z; }u; 1 of 3 [10+6]

Code No: P0502/R05

Set No. 2

}t; Assume that the objects of the type short, oat, and long occupy 2 bytes, 4 bytes, and 8 bytes respectively. Find the memory requirement for variable t, ignoring alignment considerations. [8+8] 6. (a) Write the three-address code for the following code. begin PROD: = 0; I: =1; do begin PROD:=PROD + A[I] B[I]; I:=I+1; End while I<=20 end (b) Write an algorithm for partition of basic blocks and apply it on the above derived three-address code. [8+8] 7. Consider the following matrix multiplication Program begin for i := 1 to n do for j:=1 to n do c[i, j] :=0; for i := 1 to n do for j:=1 to n do for k :=1 to n do c[i, j] :=c[i , j] +a[i ,k] *b [k ,j] end (a) Assuming a, b, and c are allocated static storage and there are four bytes per word in a byte-addressed memory, produce three-address statements for the above program. (b) Find the induction variables of each loop and eliminate them wherever possible [8+8] 8. (a) Explain the concept of object code forms. (b) Generate optimal machine code for the following C program. main() { int i, a[10]; while (i<=10) a[i] =0 } [6+10]

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Code No: P0502/R05

Set No. 2

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Code No: P0502/R05

Set No. 3

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 COMPILER DESIGN (Computer Science & Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. Explain the input buer scheme for scanning the source program. How the use of sentinels can improve its performance? Describe in detail. [16] 2. (a) Give the rules for computation of FIRST(X) and FOLLOW(X). Construct FIRST and FOLLOW sets for the following grammar. E T E E +T E | T F T T F T | F (E)|id (b) Write an algorithm for construction of predictive parsing table. [10+6]

3. (a) Explain the stack implementation of shift reduce parsing method with an example. (b) Dene handle. Give suitable example. 4. Write type expressions for the following types. (a) An array of pointers to reals, where array index ranages from 1 to 100. (b) A two dimensional array of integers (i.e. an array of array) whose rows are indexed from 0 to 9 and whose columns are indexed from -10 to 10. (c) Functions whose domains are functions from integers to pointers to integers and whose ranges are records consisting of an integer and a character. [5+5+6] 5. Explain in detail, about the various storage allocation schemes. 6. (a) What is DAG? Construct the DAG for the following basic block D := B C E :=A+B B := B+C A := E-D (b) What are the legal evaluation orders and names for the values at the nodes for the DAG of problem (a). i. Assuming A, B and C are alive at the end of the basic block? ii. Assuming only A is live at the end? 7. (a) Explain reducible and non-reducible ow graphs with an example. (b) Explain natural loops and inner loops of a ow graph with an example. [8+8] 1 of 2 [6+10] [16] [10+6]

Code No: P0502/R05

Set No. 3

8. (a) Describe, how addressing modes can be used for reducing the memory access time (b) Generate the code sequence using Code generation algorithm for the following expression [8+8] W:=(A-B)+(A-C)+(A-C)

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Code No: P0502/R05

Set No. 4

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 COMPILER DESIGN (Computer Science & Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Explain, in detail, lexical analyzer generator. (b) Describe the lexical errors and various error recovery strategies with suitable examples. [8+8] 2. (a) What are the diculties in top down parsing? Explain in detail. (b) Consider the following grammar S (L) |a L L, S |S Construct leftmost derivations and parse trees for the following sentences: i. (a,(a,a)) ii. (a,((a,a),(a,a))). 3. Construct SLR parsing table for the following grammar. S CC C cC|d 4. (a) Draw syntax tree for the arithmetic expressions a (b + c) d/2 Also write the given expression in postx notation. (b) Write the quadruple, triple, indirect triple for the following expression (x + y) (y + z) + (x + y + z) [8+8] 5. (a) What is an ordered and unordered symbol table? What is the function of symbol table in the compliation process? Explain. (b) What are the various attributes of a Symbol Table? 6. (a) What is frequency reduction? Explain with an example (b) Explain the following with suitable examples. i. ii. iii. iv. Constant Propagation Strength Reduction Induction Variables Code Motion [10+6] [8+8]

[16]

[8+8]

7. Consider the following matrix multiplication Program begin 1 of 2

Code No: P0502/R05 for i := 1 to n do for j:=1 to n do c[i, j] :=0; for i := 1 to n do for j:=1 to n do for k :=1 to n do c[i, j] :=c[i , j] +a[i ,k] *b [k ,j] end

Set No. 4

(a) Assuming a, b, and c are allocated static storage and there are four bytes per word in a byte-addressed memory, produce three-address statements for the above program. (b) Find the induction variables of each loop and eliminate them wherever possible [8+8] 8. (a) Explain the dierent issues in the design of a code generator. (b) Generate code for the following C statements: i. ii. iii. iv. x= x= x= x= f(a) + f(a) + f(a) f(a) /g(b,c) f(f(a)) ++f(a)

[8+8]

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Code No: Q0401/R05

Set No. 1

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS ( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics & Telematics) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) List all the event sequences that occur for call setup , call maintenance and call termination in a telephone exchange environment for i. Local call ii. Trunk call. (b) Estimate the number of the cross points required to design an exchange that supports 500 users on a non blocking basis and 50 transit , outgoing or incoming calls simultaneously. [8+8] 2. (a) Draw the block diagram for memory controlled time division space Switch and explain. (b) Calculate the access time of the memory modules in parallel- in-serial-out time switch using 64 input and 64 output streams with each stream multiplexing 32 channels. [8+8] 3. (a) What are the objectives of numbering plan? How are they classied? (b) How international and national telephone numbering plan is dened and Give telephone number structure? [8+8] 4. (a) What are the dierent modes of operation of common channel signaling scheme? Explain. (b) Explain about two types of nodes in common channel signaling network.[8+8] 5. (a) What are the functions of LCU? explain. (b) With the help of a block diagram, explain the operation of UART Receiver. [6+10] 6. What are the dierent types of switching techniques ? Write detailed notes on them. [16] 7. (a) Discuss interactive and distributed services of BISDN. (b) What are the principles and objectives of ISDN (c) Draw the structure of ISDN and explain transmission rates supported. [5+5+6] 8. Write a note on (a) Traditional Cable Networks 1 of 2

Code No: Q0401/R05 (b) DOCSIS.

Set No. 1
[8+8]

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Code No: Q0401/R05

Set No. 2

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS ( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics & Telematics) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Contact bounce can be a problem in DTMF telephone, i.e., a single press of a push button may be interpreted as more than one press. How does the DTMF dial design take this into account? (b) What is the signicance of sidetone in a telephone conversation? (c) In a 1000 line folded network, how many switching elements are required for non blocking operation? [8+4+4] 2. (a) Draw the block diagram for memory controlled time division space Switch and explain. (b) Calculate the access time of the memory modules in parallel- in-serial-out time switch using 64 input and 64 output streams with each stream multiplexing 32 channels. [8+8] 3. (a) What are the objectives of numbering plan? How are they classied? (b) How international and national telephone numbering plan is dened and Give telephone number structure? [8+8] 4. (a) What are the dierent types of busy hours dened by CCITT? Explain. (b) In a group of 10 servers, each is occupied for 30 minutes in an observation interval of two hours. Calculate the trac carried by the group. [8+8] 5. (a) With the help of a block diagram, explain Asynchronous Modems. (b) Explain the characteristics RS 232 and RS- 449 serial interfaces. [8+8]

6. (a) Compare and contrast standard Ethernet, Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet. (b) What is looping problem in transparent Bridges? How is it avoided using spanning tree algorithm [8+8] 7. (a) What are the Devices that enable users to access the services of BRI and PRI? Explain. (b) Describe Physical layer specication of ISDN. 8. Briey explain (a) STS-1 signal frame format. 1 of 2 [8+8]

Code No: Q0401/R05 (b) Automatic Protection Switching.

Set No. 2
[8+8]

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Code No: Q0401/R05

Set No. 3

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS ( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics & Telematics) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Show that the harmonic frequencies of any two adjacent base frequencies in DTMF telephone cannot match within the rst 15 harmonics. (b) A blocking crossbar switch is to be designed to support 1000 subscribers. If the estimated peak trac is 10 erlangs with average holding times of three minutes per call, estimate the number of crosspoints required. [8+8] 2. What are the dierent ways of controlling the time switch? Explain. [16]

3. (a) A telephone company is required to give connections to a few subscribers located at a distance of 15km from its nearest exchange. Discuss the dierent design options available for this purpose. (b) What are the common methods used for deciding route for a particular connection? [8+8] 4. (a) Describe typical telephone trac pattern on a working day? (b) An exchange serves 2000 subscribers. If the average BHCA is 10,000 and the CCR is 60%, Calculate the busy hour calling rate. [8+8] 5. Write to a note on (a) Layered network architecture. (b) Protocols. 6. (a) Explain the operation of virtual circuit networks. switched networks. (b) Describe IEEE 802.3 LAN Standards in brief. 7. (a) Compare HDLC and LAPD protocols. (b) Describe ISDN, functional architecture and standards of ISDN Channels. [6+10] 8. (a) How does ADSL divide the band width of a twisted pair cable ? (b) How does ADSL Modulate a Signal?. (c) What is FTTC and who uses it. [5+5+6] [8+8] Compare with Packet [8+8]

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Code No: Q0401/R05

Set No. 4

III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012 TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS ( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics & Telematics) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. (a) Explain the fundamental features of a common control system? (b) Calculate the time taken to dial a 12-digit number in a DTMF telephone when i. The exchange is capable of receiving DTMF signals ; and ii. The echange can receive only pulse dialing. Compare the result with a rotary telephone dialing.

[8+8]

2. (a) In n-stage combination switching a trade-o between blocking probability and time delay is possible. Explain. (b) Calculate the maximum acess time that can be permitted for the data and control memories in a TSI switch with a single input and single output trunk multiplexing 2500 channels, Also, estimate the cost of the switch and compare it with that of a single stage space division switch? [8+8] 3. (a) Explain about the techniques used to meet the resistance and attenuation constraints when subscriber need to connect to exchange which is beyond the maximum prescribed distance? (b) In a national transmission system the characteristic impedance of the 4-wire circuit are 1000 and 1200 respectively. The average phase velocity of the signal in the circuit is 3 107 m/s. If the largest distance of a connection is 300 km, determine the attenuation to be inserted in the circuit. [8+8] 4. (a) What are the dierent modes of operation of common channel signaling scheme? Explain. (b) Explain about two types of nodes in common channel signaling network.[8+8] 5. (a) Dene data communication standards and explain why they are necessary. (b) Describe syntax and semantics and how they relate to data communication. [8+8] 6. (a) What is Internetworking ? Explain in how many ways networks dier? What are the functions of Gateway? (b) Distinguish between transparent and non-transparent fragmentation? [10+6] 7. (a) What are the data link protocols used by ISDN ? Explain. (b) Describe the four categories of messages in the ISDN network layer 1 of 2 [8+8]

Code No: Q0401/R05

Set No. 4
[8+8]

8. (a) What are elds of Section & Line over head? what is its signicance? (b) What are the elds of Path over head ? what is its signicance?

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