AS 4198—1994

Australian Standard
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

Precast concrete access chambers

for sewerage applications
 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee WS/6, Concrete Pipes. It was
approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 19 April 1994 and
published on 14 June 1994.

The following interests are represented on Committee WS/6:

Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Australian Construction Services — Department of Administrative Services
AUSTROADS
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Cement and Concrete Association of Australia

Concrete Pipe Association of Australasia
Department of Primary Industries, Qld
Engineering and Water Supply Department, S.A.
Hobart City Council
Melbourne Water
Municipal Association of Victoria
Public Works Department, N.S.W.
Railways of Australia Committee
Rural Water Commission, Vic.
State Electricity Commission of Victoria
Water Board, Sydney— Illawarra — Blue Mountains
Additional interests participating in preparation of Standard:
Brisbane City Council
Hunter Water Corporation
National Precast Concrete Association Australia
Water Authority of Western Australia

Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject
to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new edit ions as necessary. It is
important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edit ion, and any
amendments thereto.
Full details of all Australi an Standards and related publi cati ons wil l be found in the Standards Australia
Catalogue of Publications; this informati on is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The Australi an
Standard’, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publi cati ons, new edit ions
and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.
Suggesti ons for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head off ice of Standards Australi a,
are welcomed. Notif ication of any inaccuracy or ambiguit y found in an Australi an Standard should be made
without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 93085.

 AS 4198—1994

Australian Standard
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

Precast concrete access chambers

for sewerage applications

First publi shed as AS 4198—1994.

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7262 8938 8
 AS 4198— 1994 2

PREFACE

This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee WS/6 on Concrete Pipes
as a new performance Standard for precast concrete access chambers.
It was prepared as a result of the increasing use of precast concrete components in the
construction of access chambers and the perceived need to standardize requirements for such
components.
This Standard is a performance-based product specification and so does not address
installation procedures. For guidelines on recommended installation procedures, reference
should be made to manufacturer/regulatory authority literature.
It addresses only concrete access covers and does not specify requirements for metal, plastic
or composite covers. The increasing use of certain blended cements and chemical admixtures
in concrete products has been recognized by the Committee.
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This Standard has been prepared specifically for a sewerage application but may be
referenced for drainage applications.
The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in this Standard to define the
application of the appendix to which they apply. A ‘normative’ appendix is an integral part
of a Standard, whereas an ‘informative’ appendix is only for information and guidance.

 Copyri ght STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Users of Standards are reminded that copyri ght subsists in all Standards Austr alia publi cati ons and software. Except where the
Copyri ght Act all ows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australi a may be
reproduced, stored in a retr ieval system in any form or transmitt ed by any means without prior permission in writ ing from
Standards Australi a. Permission may be condit ional on an appropriate royalty payment. Requests for permission and information on
commercial soft ware royalti es should be dir ected to the head off ice of Standards Australi a.
Standards Austr alia will permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use exclusively
in-house by purchasers of the Standard wit hout payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Austr alia.
Standards Austr alia wil l also permit the inclusion of its copyright material in computer soft ware programs for no royalt y
payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.
Care should be taken to ensure that materi al used is from the current editi on of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the
Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identif ied.
The use of materi al in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in
commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be vari ed by Standards Austr alia at any ti me.
 3 AS 4198 — 1994

CONTENTS
Page

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. .. ... ... ... .. 5
1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . .. .. .. .. . .. . ............ ... .. 5
1.3 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. ... . .. .. .. ... ... .. ... .. 6
1.4 MARKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. ... . .. . .. .. .. .. ... ... .. 7

SECTION 2 MATERIALS
2.1 CONCRETE MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 REINFORCEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3 JOINT MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
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SECTION 3 DETAILS, WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH

3.1 DETAILS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3 MEASUREMENT OF DIMENSIONS . .
3.4 TOLERANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5 STRAIGHTNESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.6 SQUARENESS OF ENDS . . . . . . . . . .
3.7 WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH . . . . .
3.8 HANDLING AND STORAGE . . . . . . .
...... ... .. .. .. .. ... ...... 9
......... ... .. .. .. .. ... .... 9
... .. .. ... ... ........... ... 9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

SECTION 4 STEP IRONS AND LADDERS

4.1 STEP IRONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.2 FIXED LADDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.3 PERFORMANCE TESTING OF STEP IRONS AND LADDERS . . . . . . . . 16
4.4 MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.5 STEP-UP AND STEP-DOWN LIMITATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

SECTION 5 ACCESS COVERS AND FRAMES

5.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.2 SURFACE TOLERANCE AND CLEARANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.3 SURFACE FINISH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

SECTION 6 SAMPLING AND TESTING OF ACCESS CHAMBER COMPONENTS

6.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.2 TYPE TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.3 ROUTINE TESTING REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

APPENDICES
A MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THIS STANDARD 23
B INFORMATION EXCHANGE BETWEEN MANUFACTURER AND
PURCHASER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
C METHODS FOR LOAD TESTING OF ACCESS CHAMBER
COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
 AS 4198— 1994 4

Page

D METHOD FOR COVER TESTING OF REINFORCED PRECAST

CONCRETE ACCESS CHAMBER COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
E METHOD FOR WATER ABSORPTION TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
F METHOD FOR HYDROSTATIC TESTING OF A SHAFT SECTION . . . . . . 40
G METHOD FOR HYDROSTATIC TESTING OF A JOINT ASSEMBLY . . . . . 43
H METHOD FOR LOAD TESTING OF STEP IRONS AND LADDERS . . . . . . 45
I GUIDE TO CONCENTRATION LIMITS APPLICABLE TO SOME
CONSTITUENTS OF THE BURIED ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
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 5 AS 4198—1994

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard
Precast concrete access chambers for sewerage applications

S E C T I O N 1 S CO P E A N D G E NE R A L

1.1 SCOPE This Standard describes the requirements of precast concrete access chambers
and the minimum requirements for the materials to be used in, and the manufacture of,
controlled quality precast concrete access chamber (PCAC) components. It also describes
methods of sampling and testing of components manufactured in accordance with this
Standard.
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This Standard applies to precast concrete access chamber components manufactured from
steel reinforced or unreinforced concrete that are intended for use with buried sewerage
systems to a depth of 6 m and for sewer pipes not greater than 300 mm diameter.
NOTES:
1 Advisory information on means for demonstrating compliance with this Standard is given in
Appendix A.
2 Guidance on the information to be supplied between purchaser and supplier at the time of
enquiry or order is given in Appendix B.
3 For sewer pipes greater than 300 mm diameter and shafts deeper than 6 m, agreement may be
made between the manufacturer/regulatory authority/purchaser.

1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this

Standard:
AS
1199 Sampling procedures and tables for inspection by attributes
1302 Steel reinforcing bars for concrete
1303 Steel reinforcing wire for concrete
1304 Welded wire reinforcing fabric for concrete
1379 The specification and manufacture of concrete
1399 Guide to AS 1199 —Sampling procedures and tables for inspection by attributes
1478 Chemical admixtures for concrete
1597 Precast reinforced concrete box culverts
1597.1 Part 1: Small culverts (not exceeding 1200 mm width and 900 mm depth)
1646 Elastomeric seals for waterworks purposes
1650 Hot-dipped galvanized coatings on ferrous articles
1657 Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders — Design, construction and
installation
1726 Geotechnical site investigations
2758 Aggregates and rock for engineering purposes
2758.1 Part 1: Concrete aggregates

COPYRIGHT
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AS 4198-1994, Precast concrete access chambers

for sewerage applications
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