You are on page 1of 8

AS/NZS 1301.

441s:1998

Australian/New Zealand Standard™


This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

Methods of test for pulp and paper

Method 441s: Sheffield roughness


of paper and board
AS/NZS 1301.441s:1998

This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical


Committee PK/19, Methods of Test for Pulp and Paper. It was approved on behalf
of the Council of Standards Australia on 12 June 1998 and on behalf of the Council
of Standards New Zealand on 12 June 1998. It was published on 5 September 1998.

The following interests are represented on Committee PK/19:

Appita Inc.
AusInfo
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

CSIRO Forestry and Forest Products


National Association of Forest Industries
New Zealand Forest Research Institute
New Zealand Pulp and Paper Industry Association
Printing Industries Association of Australia
Pulp and Paper Manufacturers Federation of Australia

Additional interests participating in preparation of Standard:

Paper manufacturers
Pulp manufacturers
Research interests
Manufacturers of paper testing instruments
Suppliers of paper testing instruments

Review of Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Joint Australian/


New Zealand Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the
issue of amendments or new editions as necessary. It is important therefore that
Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and any
amendments thereto.
Full details of all Joint Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards
Australia and Standards New Zealand Catalogue of Publications; this information is
supplemented each month by the magazines ‘The Australian Standard’ and ‘Standards
New Zealand’, which subscribing members receive, and which give details of new
publications, new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.
Suggestions for improvements to Joint Standards, addressed to the head office of either
Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand, are welcomed. Notification of any
inaccuracy or ambiguity found in a Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard should be
made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action
taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 97139.


AS/NZS 1301.441s:1998
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

Australian/New Zealand Standard™

Methods of test for pulp and paper

Method 441s: Sheffield roughness


of paper and board

Originated in Australia as AS 1301.P441s — 1984.


Final Australian edition AS 1301.441s — 1991.
Originated in New Zealand as Appita P441s:1984.
Final New Zealand edition NZS/AS 1301.441s:1991.
Jointly revised and designated AS/NZS 1301.441s:1998.

Published jointly by:

Standards Australia
1 The Crescent,
Homebush NSW 2140 Australia

Standards New Zealand


Level 10, Radio New Zealand House,
155 The Terrace,
Wellington 6001 New Zealand
ISBN 0 7337 2086 2
AS/NZS 1301.441s:1998

Contents Page

1 Scope ..................................................... 1

2 Normative references .......................................... 1

3 Principle ................................................... 1

4 Apparatus .................................................. 1

5 Preparation of test pieces ....................................... 4

6 Internal adjustment of flowmeters ................................. 4

7 Procedure .................................................. 6
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

8 Expression of results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

9 Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Annexes

A Care of the Sheffield roughness tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

B Calibration of flowmeters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

ii
AS/NZS 1301.441s:1998

Foreword

This standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee PK/19, Methods of Test for Pulp
and Paper, as a part of AS/NZS 1301, Methods of Test for Pulp and Paper.

This edition cancels and replaces (in Australia) AS 1301.441s—1991 and (in New Zealand)
NZS/AS 1301.441s:1991, Methods of test for pulp and paper Method 441s: Sheffield
roughness of paper.

This revision was necessary due to developments in the instrument for measuring Sheffield
roughness.

Since 1986 the ‘P’ has been omitted from the AS 1301 number identification; but, until all
AS 1301 Standards are reprinted the ‘P’ will continue to appear in some of them.
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

Annexes A and B form integral parts of this standard.

© Copyright STANDARDS AUSTRALIA / STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND


Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand publications and software.
Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia
or Standards New Zealand may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission
in writing from Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand. Permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty payment. Australian
requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia. New
Zealand requests should be directed to Standards New Zealand.
Up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard may be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the
Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand.
Inclusion of copyright material in computer software programs is also permitted without royalty payment provided such programs are
used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.
Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard
is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified.
The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in commercial
contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand at any time.

iii
AS/NZS 1301.441s:1998

Introduction
This standard describes the apparatus and procedure for determining the surface roughness
of a lot of paper or board with a Sheffield roughness instrument. The Sheffield instrument
determines roughness by measuring the rate of air leakage across two circular land areas
placed on the paper under specified load and under conditions of controlled air pressure. The
results are preferably expressed in mL/min; however, it is acceptable to express the result in
Sheffield scale units, provided the report includes a formula for conversion of Sheffield units
to mL/min.

This standard conforms to ISO 8791-3:1990, Paper and board—Determination of


roughness/smoothness (air leak methods), Part 3: Sheffield method, except that the ISO
standard does not allow the result to be reported in Sheffield units and does not accommodate
the electronic Sheffield instrument.
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

Similar standards are CPPA D.29 (1993) and TAPPI T 538 om-96.

iv
AS/NZS 1301.441s:1998

Sheffield roughness of paper and board


1 Scope

This standard sets out a method to determine the Sheffield roughness of paper and board.

2 Normative references

The following Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of AS/NZS 1301.441s. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were
valid. All standards are subject to revisions, and parties to agreements based on AS/NZS
1301.441s are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions
of the standards indicated below.
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

AS
1301.P414m — 1986, Conditioning of paper for testing

1301.P415m — 1986, Standard atmosphere for paper testing

1301.417s — 1992, Sampling paper, board and pulp for testing

3 Principle

A test piece is clamped between a flat glass plate and two flat concentric circular metal lands.
Air is supplied to the space enclosed between the two metal lands and the rate of air flow
between the two lands and the test piece is recorded as a measure of the test piece roughness.

4 Apparatus

4.1 Air supply, capable of supplying air, free from water, oil and other contaminants. Refer
to manufacturer’s instructions for information on the air supply pressure required, as this
depends on the instrument. Pressure regulation down to the working level is an integral part
of all Sheffield instruments.

NOTES

1 — The Sheffield instrument does not have a special compressor as part of the apparatus. If process
air is used it should be passed through an efficient air filter.

2 — At least once daily or before any series of tests, drain any accumulated water from the filter. If
excessive moisture or oil is a problem, leave the drain valve on the filter slightly cracked open for
constant drainage. The air filter element should be changed periodically.

4.2 Sheffield roughness instrument Sheffield instruments that measure air flow rate
either by variable area flowmeters or by electronic mass flowmeters are available; however,
all Sheffield instruments have the features described in clauses 4.2.1 to 4.2.5. Figure 1 shows
the variable area flowmeter instrument, while figure 2 shows the electronic mass flowmeter
instrument. Refer to annex A for the procedure for the care of the Sheffield roughness tester.

4.2.1 A means of regulating pressure, from the supply pressure down to the working level.

COPYRIGHT 1
This is a free preview. Purchase the entire publication at the link below:

AS/NZS 1301.441s:1998, Methods of test for pulp


and paper Sheffield roughness of paper and board
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

Looking for additional Standards? Visit SAI Global Infostore


Subscribe to our Free Newsletters about Australian Standards® in Legislation; ISO, IEC, BSI and more
Do you need to Manage Standards Collections Online?
Learn about LexConnect, All Jurisdictions, Standards referenced in Australian legislation
Do you want to know when a Standard has changed?
Want to become an SAI Global Standards Sales Affiliate?

Learn about other SAI Global Services:

LOGICOM Military Parts and Supplier Database


Metals Infobase Database of Metal Grades, Standards and Manufacturers
Materials Infobase Database of Materials, Standards and Suppliers
Database of European Law, CELEX and Court Decisions

Need to speak with a Customer Service Representative - Contact Us

You might also like