Baroque Music (1600-1750 CE) Introduction The Baroque period of European musical history falls between the late

e Renaissance and early Classical periods. During the era of Baroque music, European civilization emerged to a preeminence on the planet which was to endure into the twentieth century. It was the age of spectacular progress of knowledge. There was a new and vibrant intellectual, artistic and social atmosphere which in so many ways signaled the birth of modern Europe. Forms of Baroque Music Sonata ~ applied to a variety of works for solo instrument such as keyboard or violin, and for groups of instruments. Concerto Grosso ~A type of orchestral music during the Baroque period for a small group of instrumental soloists and full orchestra. The concerto grosso usually has 3 movements: fast-slow-fast. The fast movement is often in ritornello form (refrain or repeated section). The full orchestra (tutti) plays the ritornello and the soloist/s plays the contrasting sections. Choral Works Types: a. oratorio - A musical composition for voices and orchestra, telling a sacred story without costumes, scenery, or dramatic action.

b. Orchestra - A large group of musicians who play together on various instruments, usually including strings, woodwinds, brass instruments, and percussion instruments. c. Cantata - A musical composition, often using a sacred text, comprising recitatives, arias, and choruses. General Characteristics Dissonance - is any combination of musical TONES not in a state of repose (consonance) that produces the feeling that movement or resolution toward the consonant state is required. Chordal harmony Tonality Rhythmic contrast ~ changing the rhythm to add to or take away energy from the same melody; Basso continuo ~ is the practice of creating an accompaniment from a composed bass part by playing the bass notes and improvising harmony above them. Idiomatic writing ~ certain sounds can only be achieved by certain instruments Famous Baroque Musicians 1. Johann Sebastian Bach Birthdate: March 21, 1685 Deathplace:Leipzig,Germa-ny Cause: Stroke WORKS: ~ Air on a G-string ~ Double violin concerto ~Brandenburg concerto no. 3

2. George Frideric Handel Birthdate: Feb. 23, 1685 Deathplace:London,England WORKS: ~ the Messiah ~Music for the Royal Fireworks ~ Water Music 3. Antonio Vivaldi Birthdate: March 4,1678 Deathplace: Vienna, Austria Cause: Heart attack Works: ~ the Four Seasons Ex. Spring ~Gloria ~ Con Alla Rustica in G 4.George Philipp Telemann Birthdate: Magdeburg,1681 Deathplace: Hamburg,Germany Works: ~Sinfonia in F ~Concerto in d minor ~Suite in d minor 5. Arcangelo Corelli Birthdate: Italy, 1653 Deathplace: Rome Works: ~ Concerto Grosso ~ Christmas Concerto ~ Sonata de Camera in D Major 6. Henry Purcell Birthdate: 1659 Deathplace:1965,London

Works ~Fantasia upon a ground ~Come ye sons of art ~Fairest Isle 7. Domenico Scarlatti Birthdate: October 26, 1685 Deathplace: Madrid, Spain Works: ~Sonata in B flat Major, K544 ~Sonata in B flat Major, K545 ~Sonata in b Minor, K87