REDOX

Reaction of displacement of metals from their salt solution The higher the position of the metal in the electrochemical series, the higher the strength of a metal as reducing agent. The lower the position of metal in the electrochemical series, the higher the strength of a metal as oxidizing agent. Did you know: Metal that has higher position in the electrochemical series, can displace the metal ions that have lower position in the electrochemical series from its salt solution.

Figure 3.4 pg113

Considered the reaction below;

beaker 50 cm3 copper(II) sulphate 0.1 mol dm-3 Magnesium

Reaction of displacement metal can occur when a metal is immersed in metal salt solution that is lower position in electrochemical series.

Magnesium has higher positions than copper in the electrochemical series, thus magnesium is more electropositive than copper. Magnesium can displace copper , Cu from copper(II) sulphate solution, CuSO4. Oxidation process Half equation : Mg Mg + 2e - 1 magnesium atom donate 2 electron to produce 1 magnesium ion - Magnesium has been oxidize to magnesium ion - So magnesium was act as reducing agent. - Oxidation number for magnesium in increase from zero to +2 Half equation : Cu + 2e Cu - 1 copper(II) ion accepts two electron to formed 1 copper atom. - copper(II) ion is reduced to copper - so copper(II) ion is act as oxidizing agent. - Oxidation number for copper is reduced from +2 to zero By this, proved that displacement of metal is a redox process. Write the ionic equation for whole reaction. Can you predict the changes in colour of copper (II) sulphate solution in the end of this reaction. 5.2: observation Considered this reaction ;
2+ 2+

Shake, slowly heated 5 cm3 copper(II) sulphate 0.1 mol dm-3

Iron plate

Can you state all the following matter;

i.

ii.
iii. iv.

v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x.

Changes of oxidation number for copper in this reaction. Changes of oxidation number for iron in this reaction. Substances that is oxidize [Iron, Fe] Substances that is reduced [ Copper(II) ions, Cu2+] Oxidizing agent Reducing agent Half equation for oxidation process Half equation for reduction process Total ionic equation Observation in the reaction above

Considered this reaction ;

Shake,slowly heated

5 cm3 copper(II) sulphate 0.1 mol dm-3 (newly prepared) zinc(II) sulphate Brown precipitate, copper

Zinc plate

Can you state all the following matter; i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. Changes of oxidation number for copper in this reaction. Changes of oxidation number for zinc in this reaction. Substances that is oxidize Substances that is reduced Oxidizing agent Reducing agent Half equation for oxidation process Half equation for reduction process Total ionic equation Observation in the reaction above

Considered this reaction ;

Shake, slowly heated

Copper

2 cm3 silver nitrate 0.5 mol dm-3

copper nitrate

Can you state all the following matter; i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. Changes of oxidation number for copper in this reaction. Changes of oxidation number for iron in this reaction. Substances that is oxidize Substances that is reduced Oxidizing agent Reducing agent Half equation for oxidation process Half equation for reduction process Total ionic equation Observation in the reaction above