ASIFJAH ZEHRAVI CELL NO .

0300 2568922 , 0341 6623062

ASIFJAH ZEHRAVI CELL NO . 0300 2568922 , 0341 6623062

Q.11. 01 The normal body temp is 98.4 F. [ a ] What is this temp on Celsius Scale? [ b ] At what temp does Fahrenheit & Celsius scale coincide? SOLUTION : T F = 98.4 F , TC = ?

T C = [ T F 32 ]

5 9 5 9

T C = [ 98.4 32 ]

T C = 66.4

5 9

T C = 36.88 C We know that T C = [ T F 32 ]

5 9
5 9

and

= [ TC

9 ] + 32 5

Let at temperature T both the scales become equal T C = [ T 32 ] Since TC = TF [ T 32 ] = TF = [ T

9 ] + 32 5

5 9
=

[ T

9 ] + 32 5

[ 5 T 160 ]

81T + 288 ] 5

ASIFJAH ZEHRAVI CELL NO . 0300 2568922 , 0341 6623062 5T

81T 5

288 + 160

56T 5
T T =

2240

2240 56
40

Q.11.02

A steel rod has exactly 0.2 cm at 30C. What will be its length at 60C T 1 = 30 C , T 2 = 60 C

SOLUTION : -

Length of steel rod at 30 C = L = 0. 2 cm Length of steel rod at 60 C = L = ? T = 1.1 10 5 K T = T 2 T 1 = 60 30 = 30 C + 273 We know that L` = 0. 2 L` = L [ 1 + T ] [ 1 + 1.1 10 5 303 ] = 0. 2 0066 cm = 303 K

Q. 11. 03 Find the changer in volume in Aluminum sphere 0.4m radius when it is heated from 0 to 100C

SOLUTION : -

r = 0.4 m = 7. 2 10 5 K , T 1 = 0 C , T 2 = 100 C , V = ? T = T 2 T 1 = 100 0 = 100 C

Let V be the volume of Aluminum sphere

3

4 3

r3

ASIFJAH ZEHRAVI CELL NO . 0300 2568922 , 0341 6623062

V We know that

4 3 . 142 [ 0 . 4 ] 3 3
V = VT

= 0. 268 m 3

V = 7. 2 10 5 0. 268 100

= 0. 001922 m 3

Q . 11. 04 Calculate Root mean square speed of Hydrogen molecule at 800 K SOLUTION : m = 3.32 10 27 Kg , K = I.3807 10 23 J / K ,

V rms = ?

V rms =

3 KT m

3 1. 3807 10 - 23 800 3. 32 10 - 27
V rms = 359 . 266 m / sec

9980936 . 855

Q.11. 05.
[ A ] Determine the average value of the kinetic Energy of the particles of an ideal gas at 0C and 50C [ B ] What is the Kinetic Energy per mole of an ideal gas at temperatures?

SOLUTION : - [ i ] T 1 = 0 C

= 0 + 273

= 273 K

T 2 = 50 C = 50 + 273

= 273 K

( K E ) Ave at 0 C = ? , ( K E ) Ave at 50 C = ? ( K E ) Ave at 0 C =

3 2

K T1 =

3 1 . 38 10 23 273 2

= 5 . 65 10 21 J

ASIFJAH ZEHRAVI CELL NO . 0300 2568922 , 0341 6623062 ( K E ) Ave at 50 C = = 6 . 686 10 21 J [ ii ] K E per mole at 0 C = ? , K E per mole at 50 C = ? N A = 6 . 023 1023 K E per mole at 0 C = ( K E ) Ave N A = 5 . 65 10 21 6 . 023 1023 K E per mole at 0 C K E per mole at 50 C = 3402 . 995 J / mole = ( K E ) Ave N A = 6 . 686 10 21 6 . 023 1023 K E per mole at 50 C = 4026 . 9778 J / mole

3 2

K T2 =

3 1 . 38 10 23 323 2

Q . 11. 06 A 2 kg iron block is taken from the furnace where its temp was 650C and placed at large block of ice at 0C assuming that all the heat given by the iron is used to melt the ice how much ice is melted SOLUTION : Mass of iron block = m I = 2 Kg , Mass of ice melted = m V = Temperature of iron block = TI Temperature of ice block = TF Specific heat of iron Heat of fusion of water = = 650 C + 273 = 923 K 0 C + 273 = 273 K ?

= C I = 450 J / Kg K = H F = 3.35 10 5 J / Kg ? = Heat used to melt ice

Mass of ice melted = m V = Heat lost by iron mI CI T 2 450 [ 923 273 ] = =

mV HF m V 3.35 10 5
5

ASIFJAH ZEHRAVI CELL NO . 0300 2568922 , 0341 6623062

mv

2 450 [ 923 - 273 ] 3. 35 10 5

Mass of ice melted = m V = 1.74 Kg

Q.11. 07

In a certain process 400j of energy are supplied to a system and at the same time 150 J of work is done by the system. What is the increase in the internal energy of the system?

SOLUTION : Q = 400 J , W = 150 J Q = U + W U = Q W U = 400 150 U = 250 J , U = ?

Q.11.08 There is an increase of internal energy by 400 j when 800j of work is done by a system what is the amount of heat supplied during that process SOLUTION : U = 400 J , W = 800 J , Q = ?

Q = U + W Q = 400 + 800 Q = 1200 J Q.11.09 Find the A heat engine performs 200J of work in each cycle and has efficiency of 20%for each cycle of operation [ A ] How much heat is absorbed? [ B ] How much heat is expelled?

ASIFJAH ZEHRAVI CELL NO . 0300 2568922 , 0341 6623062 SOLUTION : W = 200 J , Efficiency = E = 20 %
1

[ a ] Heat absorbed = Q
E

= ?
W Q 1

Out put Input

20 % 20 100

200 Q 1 200 Q 1

200 100 20

Q 1 = 1000 J [ b ] Heat expelled = Q

2

= ?

W = Q1 Q2 Q2 Q2 = Q1 W = 1000 200 Q2 = 800

Q.11.10

A heat engine operates between two reservoirs at temperature of 25 and 300C. What is the max efficiency of this engine? T 1 = 300 C T 2 = 25 C = 300 + = 25 273 = 573 K = 278 K

SOLUTION : -

+ 273

Efficiency = E = ?
E 1 T 2 T 1

ASIFJAH ZEHRAVI CELL NO . 0300 2568922 , 0341 6623062

E 1

278 573

Efficiency = E = 0.51

Q.11.11

At low temperature reservoir of a Carnot Engine is 7C and has a Efficiency of 40%, it is desired to increase the Efficiency to 50%.By how much degrees the temperature of of hot reservoir be increased T 3 = 7 C , = 7 + 273 = 280 K

SOLUTION : -

E 1 = 40 %

E 2 = 50 % = T = ?

Increase in temperature
E [ 1

T 3 ] 100 T 1

40 [ 1

T 3 ] 100 T 1

[ 1

280

T 1
280

40 100

T 1

0.4

1 0.4

280

T 1
280

0.6

T 1
280 0.6

T1

=
8

466.6 K

ASIFJAH ZEHRAVI CELL NO . 0300 2568922 , 0341 6623062 Now

E [ 1 T 3 ] 100 T 2
T 3 ] 100 T 2

50 [ 1

[ 1

280

T 1
280

50 100

T 1

0.5

1 0.5

280

T 1
280

0.5

T 1
280 0.5

T1

560 K = = T T = = = T T
2

Increase in temperature Increase in temperature

T1

560 466.6 = 93.4 K

Increase in temperature