Journal of Computational Science and Engineering

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2050-2311/Copyright 2012 IE Enterprises ltd All right reserved

Jour. of Comp. Sci. and Eng.

Vol. 1, Num.1, 00140017, 2012

Personalized Literature Retrieval Recommendation System Framework Design

Wenli Huaa, a*
a

Anhui Vocational College of Electronic & Information Technology Department of Teaching and Scientific Research Bengbu Anhui 233030, China

Abstract

Personal recommendation for academic literature in vast digital literatures database is one of the hot issues in information retrieval area. Common recommendation systems often missed literatures with different characters but semantic similarity. The paper introduces the design scheme of academic literature recommendation system. Users interest model and feature of academic literature were studied from semantic view; furthermore similarity measure based on semantic was discussed. Academic Literature Recommendation System was proposed based on analyzing the recommendation process.
Keywords: Recommendation systemLiteratureODP Categories SystemCosine similarity

Due to the huge amount of digital literature resources available, researchers seeking specific pieces of literature are often unable to quickly locate the literature to which they are interested, resulting in the information loss and information overload phenomenon[1]. A Literature personalized recommendation system is proposed to solve the above problem; it can find the users preference from the collected user information and then recommend digital document information to the user from the existing mass literature, thus greatly reducing the time the user spends waiting for retrieval. We combined elements from previous studies into this field and designed a framework for the literature query recommendation system. This framework mainly contains: user information collecting, user preferences feature, resource feature extraction of digital literature, similarity measurement of the literature and user preferences and digital literature sequence recommendation modules etc.

* Corresponding author. Wenli Hua E-mail address: ahhuawenli@163.com

September 2012

Wenli Hua / Journal of Computational Science and Engineering 1:1 (2012) 00140017

The design of this system framework has provided the proof for the detailed design and development of a prototype system; it also has the certain reference value for the promotion and application of the literature recommendation theory.

1. The overall system function

The design of the system framework uses the process of literature retrieval as the proof of the module division, the process of using the PRSSL (the Personal Recommendation System for Scholarly Literature) system to retrieve is shown in Figure 1. The basic strategy of literature retrieval is that the system retrieves matching literature automatically according to the users preference information and then recommends the results to the user according to the sequence of matching level. In order to achieve the above functions, the main problems that the system needs to solve are: extraction of user interest preference, extraction of literature feature, similarity measure and recommendation of literature sequence etc.
Collection of user information Collection of literature information

Feature extraction

Match of user preference and literature feature

Sequence recommendation

Fig. 1. The process of literature query recommendation

2. The logical structure of the PRSSL

After the demand analysis of PRSSL [2] its main logic module includescollection of user information, extraction of user preference feature, collection of literature information, extraction of literature feature, literature recommendation modules etc. The module picture of logical structure is shown in figure 2. PRSSL

Information collection

Feature extraction

Literature recommendation

Extraction of user information

Extraction of literature information

Feature extraction of user preference

Extraction of literature feature

Match measure of literature and user preference

Sequence recommendation

Fig. 2. PRSSL Logical structure module picture of system

Wenli Hua / Journal of Computational Science and Engineering 1:1 (2012) 00140017

3 PRSSL Function design

3.1 Function design of main module of system According to the logical structure of the PRSSL system, its core functions include three parts: information collection, feature extraction, literature recommendation. And the difficulties of the algorithm design contain three aspects: indication and extraction of user preferences, indication and extraction of literature feature, matching measure of literature and user preference. PRSSL adopts the form of vector to represent user preference U and literature feature P respectively, uses the method of cosine similarity measure cos (Vu, Vp) to calculate the matching level of user preferences and literature features, and eventually recommends literature according to the sequence of match level. 3.2 Core algorithm design of system Three of the core algorithm need to be solved in PRSSL systemsindication of user preferences, indication of literature features and the match level of user preferences and literature features. (1) The algorithm of user preferences indication PRSSL uses feature vector U=((wu1,vu1),(wu2,vu2),,(wuu,vuu)) to indicate the user interest preferences, where wui is the feature word, vui is the level of interest which the user has placed on the feature word, wu i, wui is from the keyword of research area in the users registration information and the keyword of the literature which the user has published. Define vui= k1+k2+k3k1, k2, k3 as representations of registration information, published literature, influence level of current retrieval method on interestingness, the values of vui, k1, k2, k3 are set mainly according to the experiment results and the purpose to maintain the consistence of order of magnitude with literature feature vector. In 0 vui 1and if the feature word wui appears in the registration information, then k1=0.281, otherwise k1=0if the feature word wui appears in the published literature, then k2=0.015*(includes the number of published literature of wi / the total number of published literature)otherwise k2=0 wui if the feature word wui is included in the retrieval formula then k3=0.704otherwise k3=0 (2) Literature feature representation algorithm All digital literatures have Keywords partit is feasible to chose these keywords as the carrier of literature feature description. PRSSL uses the number of times which the keyword appears in the literature as the proof to measure the literature feature, use vector P=((wp1, vp1),(wp2, vp2),,(wpp, vpp)) as the tool to indicate the literature features, where wpi is the literature keyword, define vpi=fni/(fn1++fnp), record the number of times which the keywords wpi appeared in the literature as fni. It is not difficult to see from the above definitions and agreement that vpi represents the weight that the keyword number i possessed in literature features. (3) Match measure of literature and user preference The match level of the literatures features and the user preferences will be measured by using the cosine similarity methodhere make Vu=(vu1, vu2,...., vuu)VP= (vp1,vp2,,vpp)in that Sim(U,P)=cos(Vu,Vp)=
Vu V p | Vu | | VP |

. But there is a problem which needs to be addressed, the feature of V u and Vp are not necessarily the

same, in fact, there are three relationships between both characteristicssame, similar or different. The socalled similar means in terms of disciplines, the relationship between the two features may be the conceptual relationship between father and son, for example, the relationship between association rule and data mining can be seen as a father-son relationship. Based on this consideration, prior to the calculating the match level of the computing literature features and user preferences, first, we need to carry out the unified standardized process of characteristics to U,P, that is U,P should have the same characteristics. The process strategy of this part is as followsFirst step, generalizing each feature of user preference feature vector by using the ODP directory systems ideology [3]all the generalization paths of characteristics constitute a generalized tree structure, the root of the tree is the name of the second stage subject in research area subject which the user specified in the registration. Second stepstandardized process U, Pto guarantee that U, P has the same feature item, therefore this requires building the W union of U, P, the building process of W can be based on U, based on the basis of conceptual generalization, gradually add W in the feature item of P. Third step, use W as a standard, regulate V u and VP respectively, prepare to calculate the cosine similarity. Forth step, calculate the cosine similarity.

Wenli Hua / Journal of Computational Science and Engineering 1:1 (2012) 00140017

4 Research outlook
The main issues that need to be addressed next are: (1) How to determine the structure of the feature vector conceptual generalization tree ; (2) How to derive the union W by the conceptual generalized tree; (3) Using W as a standardhow to standardize Vu and VP. Here the key issue to be solved is how to transform the weight of all feature items of original Vu and VP into the weight about W.

Acknowledgement The work is supported by Humanity and Social Science foundation of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No. 09YJC870001.

References
[1] Genyuan Lai. Research of cross-language recommended model of scientific literature. Journal of Library Science in China 2012 38(198)71-78. [2] Yong Li, DezhiXu, Yong Zhang etc. Aarticle recommendation algorithm in VRE based on content filtering .Application Research of Computers, 2007, 24(9): 58-61.. [3] http://www.dmoz.org/[OL]

Biography Wenli Hua(1969.2-), male, postgraduate, assistant professor, current research interests are: recommendation system, data mining, Email: ahhuawenli@163.com.