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Chapter 08.02
Eulers Method for Ordinary Differential Equations-
More Examples
Mechanical Engineering
Example 1
A solid steel shaft at room temperature of C 27
o
is needed to be contracted so that it can be
shrunk-fit into a hollow hub. It is placed in a refrigerated chamber that is maintained at
C 33
o
. The rate of change of temperature of the solid shaft u is given by
( ) 33
588 5 10 42 5
10 35 1 10 33 2 10 69 3
10 33 5
2
2 3 3 5 4 6
6
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
+ +
=
. .
. . .
.
dt
d
( ) C 27 = 0
Using Eulers method, find the temperature of the steel shaft after 86400 seconds. Take a
step size of 43200 = h seconds.
Solution
( ) 33
588 5 10 42 5
10 35 1 10 33 2 10 69 3
10 33 5
2
2 3 3 5 4 6
6
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
+ +
=
. .
. . .
.
dt
d
( ) ( ) 33
588 5 10 42 5
10 35 1 10 33 2 10 69 3
10 33 5 ,
2
2 3 3 5 4 6
6
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
+ +
=
. .
. . .
. t f
The Eulers method reduces to
( )h t f
i i i i
u u u ,
1
+ =
+
For 0 = i , 0
0
= t , 27
0
= u
( )h t f
0 0 0 1
,u u u + =
( )43200 27 , 0 27 f + =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) 43200 33 27
588 . 5 27 10 42 . 5 27 10 35 . 1
27 10 33 . 2 27 10 69 . 3
10 33 . 5 27
2 2 3
3 5 4 6
6
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ + +
+
+ =
( )43200 0.0020893 27 + =
C 258 . 63 =
1
u is the approximate temperature at
h t t t + = =
0 1
43200 0 + = s 43200 =
( ) C 258 . 63 43200
1
= ~ u u
08.02.2 Chapter 08.02
For 1 = i , 43200
1
= t , 58 2 . 63
1
= u
( )h t f
1 1 1 2
,u u u + =
( )43200 258 . 63 , 43200 258 . 63 + = f
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( ) 43200 33 258 . 63
588 . 5 258 . 63 10 42 . 5
258 . 63 10 35 . 1
258 . 63 10 33 . 2 258 . 63 10 69 . 3
10 33 . 5 258 . 63
2
2 3
3 5 4 6
6
|
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
|
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
+
+
+ =