INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

www.niosh.com.my

INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

R&D On

NEEDS ANALYSIS OF STARTER PACK KIT FOR SHO

: For Business Advantage
By OCCUPATONAL SAFETY DIVISION (OSD), CONSULTATION, RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT (CRD), NIOSH MALAYSIA
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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

INTRODUCTION TO STARTER PACK

Few countries eg HSE UK has created a Starter Pack to provide comprehensive & low cost introduction to OSH for use by new industries & also for SMI Contents : Basic OSH advice needed by industries to comply with the law & protect their workers
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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

INTRODUCTION TO STARTER PACK

Official and unofficial complaints by industries and by new SHOs : inability to perform as expected As proactive approach, NIOSH came up with the idea of a Starter Pack to help these SHOs The OSD, CRD has been entrusted to carry out a survey to gauge the feasibility of the project

2011 NIOSH Malaysia. All right reserved. No part of this document shall be reproduced written consent of NIOSH Malaysia.

INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SHO

Based on Section 29, OSHA 94, certain industries need to employ an SHO exclusively to ensure observance of OSH legal requirements and the promotion of a safe conduct of work at the place of work SHO Order 97 lists the type of industries and conditions where SHOs should be employed SHO Reg 97 describes responsibilities of SHO and employer with regard to the employment of SHO
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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

EMPLOYMENT OF SHO BY SMIs

Big industries have no problems employing SHOs SMI have budget constraints. Therefore, they tend to accept those potential SHOs who have passed the SHO exam, but have not registered with DOSH Normally these people have not registered with DOSH because they have not completed the 3 years experience imposed by DOSH

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

EMPLOYMENT OF SHO BY SMIs

This practice can be encouraged as it provides an opportunity to work, and at the same time gain experience for the purpose of registration with DOSH.

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

PROBLEM STATEMENT
Many organisations are required to appoint a SHO to comply with OSH (SHO) Order 1997. To be a competent SHO, a person shall have an adequate qualification such as education, training and experience. Many of peoples qualified in education and training but lack of experience. Even though they cannot register as a Competent Person, many of them are appointed to carry out the duties in organisation which are not required to hire a SHO.

2011 NIOSH Malaysia. All right reserved. No part of this document shall be reproduced written consent of NIOSH Malaysia.

INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

PROBLEM STATEMENT
Sometimes they are hired to assist SHO in organisation. The problems are:
No standard methods, steps, format or form to be used in performing duties of SHO in gaining experience; Unregistered SHO issues in performing the duties under regulations and other duties; Unable to perform the SHOs duties efficient & effectively as stipulated in regulations; and No starting tools to assist SHO.
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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

OBJECTIVES
1. To identify the problems of new SHO in carrying out their duties in industries; 2. To identify the needs of Starter Pack Kit for SHO; and 3. To determine the concept design of the Starter Pack Kit required by SHO.

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

METHODOLOGY
A study has been conducted since May 2010 to collect data from existing SHOs regarding the need for the Starter Pack, and what should be the content. The questionnaire is limited to questions regarding the capability of SHO to perform the 9 duties of SHO, Reg 18 of the SHO Regulations At least 3 Qs were asked for each of the 9 duties:
Identification of problems related to the duties Current practice in performing their duties Suggestions to solve the problems.

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

SURVEY
500 questionnaires were printed and sent out The questionnaires were first distributed during COSH 2010 (August 2010 at KLCC) Other questionnaires were sent to all types of industries known to employ SHOs all over Malaysia. Collection method:
By hand; Received by post; Received by e-mail; and Interview.

212 replies were received by April 2011

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
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RESULT: DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

RESULT: DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

Result
Duties 1. To advise the employer or any person in charge of a place of work on measures to be taken in the interests of the safety and health of the persons employed in the place of work. 2. To inspect the place of work to determine whether any machinery, plant, equipment, substance, appliances or process or any description of manual labour used in the place of work, is of such nature liable to cause bodily injury to any person working in the place of work. Problems Busy with other tasks instructed by employer (37.9%) Solutions Guideline on how to advise employer effectively. (43.3%) Standard inspection checklist. (29.3%)

Did not get cooperation from other people at work. (27.2%)

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

Result
Duties Problems Solutions Guideline on how to conduct accident investigation (29.7%) Method to draw attention from SHC members. (33.5%) Root cause always 3. To investigate any accident, nearmiss accident, dangerous occurrence, found : workers occupational poisoning or occupational careless. (25.5%) disease which has happened in the place of work. 4. To assist the employer or the safety SHC members busy and health committee, if any, pursuant with their main to regulation 11 of the Occupational jobs (27.8%) Safety and Health (Safety and Health Committee) Reg 1996 in organizing and implementing occupational safety and health programme at the place of work.

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

Result
Duties 5. To become secretary to the safety and health committee, if any, as specified under sub regulation 6(2) of the Occupational Safety and Health (Safety and Health Committee) Reg 1996, and perform all functions of a secretary as specified in that Regulations. 6. To assist the SHC in any inspection for the purpose of checking the effectiveness and efficacy of any measures taken in compliance with the Act or any regulations made under the Act. Problems Difficult to arrange the SHC meeting due to SHC member busy. (47.5%) Solutions Example of meeting items such as minutes, agenda, etc. (30.5%)

Fail to get commitment from SHC member and employer. (28.7%)

Guidance with inspection checklist form. (30.1%)

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
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Result
Duties 7. To collect, analyse and maintain statistics on any accident, dangerous occurrence, occupational poisoning and occupational disease which have occurred at the place of work. 8. To assist any officer in carrying made by
safety and health of the place of work.

Problems Accidents not reported to SHO. (56.0%)

Solutions Sample of analysis, reports and statistic. (41.3%)

Unable to provide Guidance to the employer or any person in charge of the required info to the assist the officer. place of work on any matters pertaining to officer. (24.1%) (43.8%)
9. To carry out any other instruction made In charge other by the employer or any person in charge of than OSH matters the place of work on any matters pertaining such as quality, to safety and health of the place of work.

environment and security. (42.9%)

Provide other management guide related to OSH matters. (57.1%)

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

NO TIME FOR OSH

RESULT : 5 MAJOR PROBLEMS

INEFFECTIVE OF SHC

LACK OF COOPERATION/ COMMITMENT

LACK OF OSH PROGRAM

LACK OF ACCIDENT REPORTING

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
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No Time For OSH

SHO is so busy with activities assigned by the management, that there is no time available for OSH issues. OSH is a one man show. Among other duties assigned are :
Environmental problems Quality problems Security problems Radiation problems Liaison with local authorities
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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
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Lack of Cooperation
Management did not provide budget for OSH : people, time, resources, skills and training, etc SHC members are busy with their own duties:
Chairman is always unavailable. No substitute? Duty as member of SHC is not listed in job description; Do not have time to inspect; Member difficult to attend the SHC meeting.

Management agree to the recommendations, but fail to act

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

Lack of Reporting of Accidents

Many accidents are not reported
Too minor to report; Dont know have to report

Management did not encourage reporting

Affects safety target & business reputation To avoid having to deal with DOSH Dont provide SHO with investigation tools

Cooperation from victims & witnesses

Refusal to cooperate

As a result
Cant do accident trend analysis Cant do investigation Reporting to DOSH is incomplete
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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
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Lack of OSH Programs

No support from management: budget for programs Dont know details / complete content of suggested program No idea of what programs to carry out Only OSH talks

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
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Other Issues
Lack of skills - to communicate effectively with the mgmt, SHC, workers & authorities Lack of technical knowledge on machinery & equipment - SHO cant do inspections effectively Lack of resources : PPE, training facilities, budget for OSH programs, etc
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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
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Concept Design
140 117 108 120

100 83 84
80 74 63 60 57 51 57 71 74 68 Not Practicable Practicable 39 29 20 18 8 0 5 4 35 40 31 41 41 Very Practicable

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

Example: The UK HSE Starter Pack

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. The 2009 Health and Safety Law Poster Essentials of health and safety at work (4th edition) An introduction to health and safety INDG259 The HSE Accident Book Compilation NAPO DVD called Bring a smile to safety training The law on VDUs: an easy guide HSG 90 How to tackle work-related stress - A guide for employers on making the Management Standards work INDG430 8. Noise at work INDG362 9. Five steps to risk assessment INDG163 10. Preventing slips, trips and falls at work INDG225 11. COSHH: A brief guide to the regulations INDG136 12. Workplace transport safety: an overview INDG199
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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

Conclusion
This survey was designed to identify problems faced by new SHOs. However, the result of the study has raised other issues related to public relations, human relations and administration. Obviously the Starter Pack need be designed to solve these issues by including hard skill and softskil.

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INSTITUT KESELAMATAN & KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN NEGARA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
www.niosh.com.my

Any inquiries: OSD, CRD, NIOSH. Tel: 03-87692213; Fax: 03-89269842; Email: osd@niosh.com.my

Thank You.

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