The Diary of A Young Girl

esovePAkM N t; e htu
rbs; e k~ g RsI m ñ a k;
Gan; E®hVg
This edition contains the complete text of the original hardcover
edition. NOT ONE WORD HAS BEEN OMITTED.
The translator is grateful to Stacy Knecht for her editorial assistance

and to Nancy Forest-Flier for her translation of the poems on pages
105, 149, 234.
THE DIARY OF A YOUNG GIRL: THE DEFINITIVE EDITION

A Bantam Book
PUBLISHING HISTORY
The Diary of a Young Girl: The Definitive Edition was originally published
in hardcover by Doubleday in March 1995. The Anchor Books trade
edition was published in March 1996.
Bantam edition/March 1997
Copyright © 1991 by The Anne Frank-Fonds, Basel, Switzerland

English translation copyright © 1995 by Doubleday,
a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc.
Photographs and cover art copyright © The Anne Frank-Fonds,
Basel, Switzerland
All rights reserved.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 94-41379
No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publisher. For information address:
Doubleday.
If you purchased this book without a cover you should be aware that
this book is stolen property. It was reported as "unsold and
destroyed" to the publisher and neither the author nor the publisher
has received any payment for this "stripped book."
ISBN 0-553-57712-3
Published simultaneously in the United States and Canada
Bantam Books are published by Bantam Books, a division of Bantam

Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc. Its trademark, consisting of the
words "Bantam Books" and the portrayal of a rooster, is Registered in
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and in other countries. Marca
Registrada. Bantam Books, 1540 Broadway, New York, Now York 10036.
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

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Translation Series No. 2 Documentation Center of Cambodia
ANNE FRANK: The Diary Of A Young Girl

Translated by Ser Sayana Edited by Youk Chhang Assisted by Eng Kokthay, Tep Meng Khean,
Huy Vannak, Nguon Seroat and Prum Phalla Graphic by Sim Sopheak, Oeur Ratana and Ra
Chhayrann Glossary by Ambassador Laetitia van den Assum and Wynne Cougill Cover and Book
design by Youk Chhang Printed in Cambodia 2002 Copyright
Preface by H.E. Ambassador Gerard J.H.C. Kramer.
The Diary Of A Young Girl

The Definitive Edition
ANNE FRANK
Edited by Otto H. Frank and Mirjam Pressler
Authorized by
Liepman AG, Literary Agency
Maienburgweg 23, CH-8044 Zürich
The Anne Frank translation project was initiated in early Spring 2000 with personal support from
The Netherlands’ then-ambassador to Cambodia, Ms. Laetitia van den Assum. The publication was
funded in 2002 by The Royal Netherlands Embassy in Bangkok.
mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm<úCa
Searching for the truth.
Documentation Center of Cambodia
P.O. Box 1110, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Tel.: + 855 (23) 211-875
Fax.: + 855 (23) 210-358
Email: dccam@bigpond.com.kh
Homepage: http://welcome.to/dccam
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Editor’s Note
Anne Frank was born on June 12, 1929 in Frankfurt, Germany. After the Nazis
began to oppress the Jewish population there, she and her family moved to The
Netherlands in 1933. In May 1940 the Nazis took control of The Netherlands, and
by 1942, Anne and her family were forced to go into hiding in a secret annex of her
father’s office building in Amsterdam. She died in the Bergen-Belsen concentration
camp between late February and early March 1945, about three months before her
sixteenth birthday.
Anne Frank’s diary gave her the freedom to express her thoughts, likes and dislikes,
and a means to express the horror of life for the Jewish people under Nazi
persecution. The Diary of Anne Frank poignantly describes the loss of innocent life
under an out-of-control regime. The book helps us to understand the indiscriminate
and horrific nature of genocide, the most infamous of international crimes. Reading
books like The Diary of Anne Frank can help us preserve the memory of the
merciless acts of which humankind is capable and spur within ourselves the
realization that we alone can prevent genocide from recurring.
The Anne Frank translation project was initiated in early Spring 2000 with personal
support from the Netherlands’ then-ambassador to Cambodia, Ms. Laetitia van den
Assum. The publication was funded in 2002 by the Royal Netherlands Embassy in
Bangkok.
Youk Chhang, Director

Documentation Center of Cambodia
Phnom Penh, November 22, 2002

PREFACE
Anne Frank’s diary has touched millions of people around the world
since it was first published. It is a story of hope, of courage and of
the survival of the human spirit. As a young Jewish girl, Anne Frank
and her family in The Netherlands in the 1940’s, tried to survive Nazi
occupation. The Frank family spent several years in hiding to prevent
being deported to the Nazi death camps. Ultimately, they were
betrayed and sent to a concentration camp in Germany where Anne
died. Of the entire family, only Anne’s father escaped death.
Anne Frank’s ordeal bears resemblance to the personal history of

thousands of Cambodians who have suffered a similar fate at the
hands of the Khmer Rouge during the regime of Democratic
Kampuchea (1975-1979). That is why I am particularly pleased that
Anne Frank’s diary is now available in the Khmer language. I hope
that many Cambodians will find something of relevance to their own
lives and experience in this book and that it can be a source of
comfort.
Anne Frank died, as did 1.7 million Cambodians. But their deaths
50 50 50 50
have led to a strong resolve that the international community should

do everything to prevent further crime against humanity.
The Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) has done much

to ensure proper recording of Cambodia’s history under the Khmer
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Rouge as well as to inform Cambodians and others about what

100
happened during those dark years. The Netherlands government has

been supporting the DC-Cam since 1995. I’m proud to be associated
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with this latest initiative of the center to translate the Anne Frank
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diary into the Khmer language.

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Gerard J.H.C. Kramer.

Ambassador
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RtÚv Gan; ehAenAkñúgGkSrsresrédrbs;nagfa³ epRtÚeNLa hans_ nig
Gal;E®hVd v:an; daGan ehIyenAkñúgesovePAenHehAfa³ epRtÚeNLa Ehrm:an;
nig pitF½r v:an; daGan.
®hVIts_ ehVhV½r
¬ekItenAéf¶TI30 Exemsa qñaM1889 enA hÁIsesn RbeTsGaløWm:g;¦³
RtÚv Gan; ehAenAkñúgGkSrsresrédrbs;nag nigenAkñúgesovePAfa³ Gal;bWt
DusEsl.*
« »
sUm[GñkGancgcaMfa enAkñúgkare)aHBum<enH PaKeRcInRtÚv)aneRbIes‘rI x énesovePA
« »
kMNt;ehturbs; Gan; CamUldæan Edlnag)ansresres‘rI x enH enABlnagmanGayudb;R)aMqañ .M
CYnkal Gan; )anRtLb;eTAsresrbEnßmeyabl;enAelIvKÁEdlnag)ansresrrYcBImunmk.
eyabl;bEnßmTaMgGs;enHRtÚv)andak;y:agc,as;enAkñúgkare)aHBum<enH. CaTUeTAGkçraviruT§nigkar
Pan;RcLMxagPasarbs; Gan; RtÚv)anEktRmÚv. eRkABIenHGVI²TaMgGs;RtÚvTukenAdEdldUcEdl
Gan; )ansresr BIeRBaHkarBüayamEksRmÜlnigeFVIesckþIbBa¢ak; KWmanlkçN³minsmrmüeLIy
enAkñúgÉksarRbvtþisa®sþ.
* enATMB½rTI65 nig TMB½rTI102 Gan; ehAKat;fa Gal;e®hVd DusEsl.

´sgÇwmfanwgGacR)ab;erOgGVI²TaMgGs;[ÉgEfrkSa BIeRBaH´minEdl
briyayerOgBitrbs;´dl;nrNamñak;eLIy ehIy´sgÇwmfa ÉgnwgCa
RbPBd¾sMxan;mYyénkarpþl;PaBkk;ekþAnigkarKaMRTdl;´.
Gan;E®hVg éf¶TI12 Exmifuna qñaM1942
1
éf¶TI12 Exmifuna qñaM1942

´sgÇwmfanwgGacR)ab;erOgGVI²TaMgGs;[ÉgEfrkSa BIeRBaH´minEdlbriyayerOgBit
rbs;´dl;nrNamñak;eLIy ehIy´sgÇwmfa ÉgnwgCaRbPBd¾sMxan;mYyénkarpþl;PaBkk;ekþAnigkar
KaMRTdl;´.
eyabl;Edl Gan; bEnßmenAéf¶TI28 ExkBaØa qñaM1942³

mkdl;eBlenH ÉgBitCaRbPBénPaBkk;ekþAd¾Gs©arürbs;´ ehIyk¾dUcKñaG‘IcwgEdr cMeBaH XIF*I Edl
\LÚv´)ansresrCaerOy². karsresresovePAkMNt;ehtuRbcaMéf¶EbbenHkan;EtRbéBeLIg²xøaMgEmn
ETn ehIy\LÚv ésÞIrEtminGacTnÞwgcaMeBlevlaEdl´GacsresrelIÉg)anpg.
GU+¡ ´rIkrayxøaMgNas; Edl´)annaMÉgmkCamYy¡
éf¶GaTitü TI14 Exmifuna qñaM1942

ńwgcab;epþImsresrBIeBlEdl´manÉg KWtaMgBIeBlEdl´)aneXIjÉgenAelItulayLM
CamYyGMeNayepSgeTotsRmab;éf¶buNüxYbkMeNItrbs;´ ¬´)aneTACamYyEdr eBlEdleKTij
Ég b:uEnþkalenaHminsMxan;eT¦.
enAéf¶suRk TI12 Exmifuna ´PJak;BIdMeNkenAem:agR)aMmYyRBwk b:uEnþvaminKYr[PJak;ep¥IlGIeT
BIeRBaHvaKWCaéf¶xYbkMeNItrbs;´. b:uEnþeKmin[éRkakecjBIERKeTenAem:agenaH dUecñH´RtÚvTb;
karcg;dwgcg;eXIjrbs;´rhUtdl;em:agR)aMBIrxVHdb;R)aMnaTI. enAeBl´minGaccaM)anteTAeTot
´)aneTAbnÞb;GaharEdlenAkEnøgenaH mYreC ¬qμa¦ )ansVaKmn_´ edayykxøÜnvamkRtduseCIg
´.
em:agR)aMBIrbnþic ´)aneTArk):anigm:ak; ehIybnÞab;mkeTAbnÞb;TTYlePJóvedIm,IebIkGMeNay
ehIyÉgKWCavtßúEdl´)aneXIjmuneKbg¥s;. ÉgRbEhlCaGMeNayd¾l¥bMputmYyrbs;´.
bnÞab;mkpáakUlabmYy)ac; páaPIGwnI2 mYycMnYn nigkUneQImYyepIg. ):anigm:ak;)anpþl;[ńUvGav
BN’exovmYy ehÁmmYy TwkTMBaMg)ayCUrmYydb EdljúaeM TAmanrsCatidcU CaRsabnþci bnþcÜ ¬Rsak¾
* CaeQ~aHesovePAkMNt;ehturbs; Gan; E®hVg.

2 eQμaHpáamYyRbePTEdlmanragmUlFM manBN’páaQUk Rkhm b¤s.
2 Gan;E®hVg
Y Ekv R)ak;2/50hÁlI dW3 nigb½NGÑ eM Nay

eFVBI TI BM aMg)ayCUrEdr¦ El,gerobrUbmYy kaer:mRtCak;my
sRmab;esovePABIrk,al. ´)anTTYlpgEdrnUvesovePAmYyk,aleTotmancMNgeCIg kaemr:a «
»
Gb;srÚÁ a: ¬b:uEnþ m:ahÁút manesovePAenHrYcehIy dUecñH´)anbþÚresovePAenHykvtßúepSgvij¦
nMXuKImYycan ¬BitehIy ´)aneFVInMenaHedayxøÜnÉg BIeRBaH´)ankøayCaGñkCMnajxagdutnMXuKIeTA
ehIyenAeBlenH¦ sárRKab;CaeRcIn ehIynignMép®sþÚbWrI4 BIm:ak;. ehIynigsMbuRtmYyc,ab;BI
e®hÁmmI EdlmkTan;eBlhñwgEtmþg b:uEnþenaHRKan;EtCakarKab;CYnmYyb:ueNÑaH.
*
bnÞab;mk haeNlI )anmkTTYl´ ehIyeyIgk¾eTAsalaeronTaMgGs;Kña. GMLúgeBlQb;

sRmakecjelg ´)anEcknMXuKI5 CUnelakRKÚGñkRKÚ nigmitþrYmfñak;rbs;´ ehIybnÞab;mk dl;
eBlEdleyIgRtÚvcUleronvij. ´)anRtLb;mkpÞHvijenAem:agR)aMl¶ac BIeRBaHéTAhat;kILa
kaysm<½n§CamYymitþrYmfñak;ÉeTot. ¬´minRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[cUlrYmeT edaysarsμanigRtKak´
gayRsYlnigeRKc¦ ehIysRmab;éf¶kMeNItrbs;´ ´RtÚvseRmc[mitþrYmfñak;élgkILaNamYy
ehIy´)aneRCIserIs[elg)al;TH. eRkaymk BYkeKraMCargVg;CMuvij´ ehIyeRcógbT rIkray «
»
éf¶kMeNIt . eBl´mkdl;pÞH san; eLD½rm:an; )ansßitenATIenaHrYceTAehIy. GuIls_ v:akN½r
haeNlI ehÁasøa nig hSak;kWlIn v:an; m:aresn )anmkpÞHCamYyéRkayBIelgkILakaysm<½n§rYc
BIeRBaHeyIgeronenAfñak;CamYyKña. haeNlI nig san; Føab;Camitþd¾l¥rbs;´. GñkEdl)aneXIj
« »
eyIgenACamYyKña EtgEtniyayfa emIlGan; han; nig san; hñ+¡ . ´)anCYbsÁal; hSak;kWlIn
v:an; m:aresn enAeBlEdlćab;epþImeronenAGnuviTüal½y CIVhV Layesom ehIy\LÚvnagKWCamitþ
d¾l¥rbs;´. GuIls_ KWCamitþd¾l¥rbs; haeNlI ehIy san; eTAeronenAsalamYyeTot nig
manmitþenATIenaH.
BYkeK)an[esovePAerOgPaKniTanhuløg;d¾l¥eBjcitþmYydl;´ b:uEnþBYkeK)anRcLMyk
esovePAPaKTI2mk dUecñH ´)anbþÚresovePABIrk,alepSgeTot edIm,IdUrykPaKTI1eTot. mIg
ehELn )anykEl,gerobrUbmYymk[´ mIg esþhVanI [knøas;GavmYyKYr[Rslaj; ehIymIg
«
eLnI [esovePAd¾Gs©arümYyEdlmancMNgeCIgfa³ edhSúIeFVIdMeNIreTAkan;PñM . »
3 rUbIyb½NÑCatirbs;RbeTshuløg;.
4 nMdutlayEpø®sþÚbWrI.
* e®hÁmmI KWCayayxag«Bukrbs; Gan;.

5 nMEp¥m manragsMEb:ttUc².
kMNt;ehturbs;ek~gRsImñak; 3
RBwkenH édkRtaMxøÜnenAkñúgGagTwkehIyKitfa etIvanwgGs©arüb:unNa ebIsinCa´manEqámYy

dUc rIn TIn TIn. ńwgehAvafa rIn TIn TIn Edr ehIyńwgykvaeTAsalaeronCamYy´. enAsala
eron vaGacenAbnÞb;Gñke)assm¥at b¤enAEk,rkEnøgdak;kg; eBlEdlmanGakasFatul¥.
éf¶c½nÞ TI15 Exmifuna qñaM1942

BiFICb;elogéf¶buNüxYbkMeNItrbs;´RtÚv)anRbRBwtþeLIgenAl¶acéf¶GaTitü. PaBynþerOg
rIn TIn TIn eBjniymsRmab;mitþrYmfñak;´xøaMgNas;. ´)anTTYlknøas;GavcMnYnBIr Rbdab;s‘kkñúg
esovePAedIm,IcMNaMkEnøgGandl;NacMnYnmYy nigesovePABIrk,al.
ńwgcab;epþImedayniyayerOgxøHGMBIsalaeron nigmitþrYmfñak;´ edaycab;epþImBImitþrYmfñak;
eTA.
ebTI bøÚeGm:g;dal; emIleTAdUcCamanCIvPaBRkIRk ehIy´KitfanagRbEhlCaG‘IcwgEmn.
nagrs;enAtamdgpøÚvEdleKminsUvsÁal;mYyenAkñúgTIRkúgGamsÞWdam PaKxaglic ehIyBYkeyIg
KμannrNamñak;dwgfapøÚvenaHenAkEnøgNaeT. enAsalaeron nagTTYl)anlT§pll¥bMputenaH
edaysarEtnagCasisS]sSah_ minEmnedaysarEtnagqøateT. nagCamnusSes¶óms¶at;
Nas;.
hSak;kWlIn v:an; m:aresn cat;TukCamitþd¾l¥bMputrbs;´ b:uEnþ´minTan;manmitþBitR)akdmñak;
enAeLIyeT. BIdMbUg´Kitfa hSak; nwgCamitþBitR)akdmñak; b:uEnþýl;xusTaMgRsug.
DI XüÚ KWCaekμgRsImñak;Edlqab;P½yxøacxøaMgEmnETn. nagEtgEtePøceFVIkic©karmYycMnYn
*
Canic© dUecñHehIy eTIbRKÚ²dak;kic©karBiess[nageFVIenApÞH edIm,ICakardak;TNÐkmμ. nagcitþl¥

Nas; CaBiessCamYy CI hSwt.
GuI Gis niyayeRcInNas; ehIyminmanGIKYr[esIcsb,ayeT. nagEtgEtGEg¥lsk;b¤
e¤ lgeLvGavrbs;Ég enAeBlEdlnagsYrÉgBIGmIV y Y . BYkeKniyayfa nagminGacRTaMngw ´)aneT
b:uEnþ ´minxVl;eT BIeRBaH´k¾mincUlcitþnagb:unμanEdr.
ehnI emts_ KWCaekμgRsImñak;manGtþcritRtwmRtÚvnigmanGarmμN_rIkray b:uEnþeBlxøHnag
cUlcitnþ y
i ayB¤² ehIyrLikrLk;dcU kUnekμgEmnETn enAeBlEdleyIgelgenATIval. KYr[sþay
* GkSrkat;eQ~aH RtÚv)aneRbIcMeBaHGñkEdlmincg;beBa©jeQ~aH.
4 Gan;E®hVg
ehnI manmitþRsImñak;eQμaH ebPI EdlCH\T§Bi lminl¥my Y mkelInag BIeRBaH ebPI CamnusSKRKic

ehIyminecHKYrsm.
cMeBaH eC Gar ´GacsresresovePAmYyk,alEtmþgGMBInag. nag eC KWCamnusSBut
t,úteRcIn cUlcitþxSwbexSóv niyayreGcrGUc ek¥gk¥ag nigKYr[s¥b; ehIyKitfaxøÜnnagCamnusS
cas;. nagBitCaman\T§Bi lelI hSak; xøagM EmnETn ehIyenaHKWCaPaBKYr[Gam:as;my Y . nagRsYl
eFVI[xwgNas; ehIymanerOgtUctacEtbnþick¾ERskyMEdr. sMxan;CagenH nagCamnusS
GYtek¥gk¥agKYr[s¥b;. kBaØa eC enH cg;)anGVIEdlRtÚvCanic©. nagCaGñkmanxøaMgNas; ehIy
nagmanTUmYyeBareBjeTAedaysemøókbMBak;s¥at²KYrRslaj;bMput b:uEnþCasemøókbMBak;Edl
cas;bMputsRmab; eC. nagKitfaxøÜnnags¥atGs©arü b:uEnþKWpÞúyRsLHTaMgGs;. nagnig´minGac
cuHsRmugnwgKñaeLIy.
GuIls_ v:akN½r KWCaekμgRsImanGtþcritRtwmRtÚv nigmannisS½yKYr[Rslaj;cUlcitþ b:uEnþ
GuIls_ qab;mYem:AnwgerOgkMbuikkMb:uk ehIyGaccMNayeBleRcInem:ag edIm,It¥ÚjEt¥r nigf¶ÚrGMBIGVI
mYy. GuIls_ cUlcitþ´bMput. GuIls_ eronBUEkxøaMgNas;enAkñúgfñak;eron b:uEnþx¢il.
haeNlI ehÁasøa b¤ lIs CaeQμaHEdleKehAenAsalaeron KWCaekμgRsIEbøkBIeKbnþic.
lIs CamnusSeGoneRbón. enApÞHnagniyayKμanekatERkgGñkNa b:uEnþenAkñúgcMeNamGñkdéT
nagRsKt;RsKMminsUvmat;keLIy. lIs ykerOgGVIEdleKÉgR)ab;nag eTAR)ab;mþayTaMgGs;.
b:uEnþ lIs niyayedayminjejItjejImnUvGVIEdlnagKit ehIyfμI²enH ´dUcCacUlcitþnagxøaMg
Nas;.
NanI v:an; R)ak suIháa KWCaekμgRsItUc mansuPnicä½y nigecHkMEbøg. ´Kitfa NanI l¥ .
NanI BUEkKYrsm. KμanGVIRtÚvniyayBI NanI eRcIneT.
GuIeC dW hSúg KWCaekμgRsId¾Gs¥arümñak;. eTaHbICa GuIeC eTIbEtGayudb;BIrqñaMk¾eday k¾b:uEnþ
GuIeC mancritdUcRsIRkmMu. nagcat;Tuk´dUcCakUnEg:tmñak;G‘Icwg. GuIeC CamnusScitþ)an ehtudUecñH
ehIy)anCaćUlcitþnagNas;.
CI hSwt KWCaekμgRsIEdls¥atCageKenAkñúgfñak;. CI hSwt manmuxmat;s¥atKYr[Rslaj;
b:Eu nþ CI hSwt BMqu aø téveT. ehIyéCOfa elakRKÚ GñkRKÚngw Tuk CI hSwt min[eLIgfñak;my Y qñaM b:Eu nþ
BitNas; ´minTan;)anR)ab; CI hSwt [dwgBIerOgenHeT.
eyabl;Edl Gan; bEnßmenAéf¶eRkaymkeTot³

´mankarPJak;ep¥IlxøaMgNas; Edl CI hSwt mineronRtÜtfñak;mYyqñaMeTotenaH.
ehIyGñkGgÁúyCab; CI hSwt KWrUbÉdlCaGñkcugeRkayeK kñúgcMeNamekμgRsITaMgdb;BIr
nak;EdleronCamYyKña.
manerOgeRcInNas;EdlRtÚvniyayGMBIekμgRbús² b¤RbEhlCamineRcInNas;NaeTemIl
eTA.
m:UrIs xUsÞ½r KWCaGñkRslaj;´mñak; kñúgcMeNamGñkRslaj;ĆaeRcIn b:uEnþKat;CaRbePT
mnusScUlcitþrMxaneK.
salI ®s<IghÁ½r cUlcitþniyayerOgGasRKam ehIyeKxSwbexSóvKñafa salI Føab;)anedk
CamYyyuvnarImañ k;. b:Eu nþ ´Kitfa salI CamnusSl¥RbesIr BIeRBaH salI CamnusSbuni kMbkúø kMEbøg
Nas; .
eGmIl bUeNvIt KWCaGñkEdlcab;cti þ CI hSwt b:Eu nþ CI hSwt minykcitþTukdak;eT. eGmIl
CamnusSKYrFujRTan;bMput.
r:Ub xUehn Føab;Rslaj;Édr b:uEnþ´minGacRTaMnwg r:Ub )aneToteT. r:Ub KWCamnusSl¶g;
KYr[s¥b; Butt,út PUtkuhk t¥ÚjEt¥reRcInnigKitfaxøÜnÉgl¥Nas;.
m:akS v:an; dW Evl KWCaekμgRsukERsmñak;mkBI emedmbøIk Et m:ahÁút niyayfaKat;Ca
mnusSsucritesμaHRtg;.
EGrEmn XUbEmn k¾manKMnti EtBIerOgGasRKam dUc hSÚBI dW ebor G‘cI gw BUEkEj: ehIyqátÜ
nwgRsIEmnETn.
ELv bøúm KWCamitþd¾l¥rbs; hSÚBI dW ebor b:uEnþRtÚvxUcxøÜnedaysarEtKMnitGaRkk;rbs;Kat;.
Gal;bWt dW emsKIta KWCaekμgRbúsmñak;EdlmkBIsala m:ugetsUrI ehIy)aneronepøaH
mYyfñak;. Gal;bWt BitCamnusSBUEkEmn.
ELv søahÁ½r mkBIsalaEtmYy b:uEnþminsUvBUEkdUc Gal;bWt e T .
rU sþÚeplmun KWCaekμgRbúsTabl¥it mkBI GaemLÚ Edl)anpøas;mksalaeronenH enAeBl
Bak;kNþalqñaM.
suI Gin eFVIGVIEdlKat;minKYreFVI.
hSak; kUsWrnUt GgÁúytueRkaysisSRsI Cab; suI ehIyBYkeyIg ¬CInig´¦ esÞIrEtcg;eTACa
6 Gan;E®hVg
qáÜtedaysarEtesIceRcInhYsehtu.
harI sáab KWCaekμgRbúsEdlmansuCIvFm’bMputenAkñúgfñak;. harI CamnusSl¥.
Ev:N½r hSÚeshV k¾CamnusSRtwmRtÚvEdr b:uEnþehtukarN_ERbRbÜlfμI²enH )aneFVI[Kat;køay
eTACamnusSs¶b;s¶at; dUecñHKat;hak;dUcCamnusSKYr[Fuj.
sam saLÚmnu KWCaekμgBalmaDl¥ti mñak;enAkñgú tMbn;ngi CaekμgGav:aEsmñak;. ¬GñkRslaj;¡¦
eGbPI ram KWCamnusSRbkan;sasnaGrtUduk d¾cas;buraN ehIyk¾CamnusSGav:aEsdUcKña.
éf¶esAr_ TI20 Exmifuna qñaM1942

karsresresovePAkMNt;ehtuRbcaMéf¶ KWCabTBiesaFn_mYyEdlEbøkxøaMgNas; sRmab;
mnusSdUc´. minEmnRKan;Etedaysar´minEdlsresrGVIesaHBImunmkenaHeT b:uEnþ´hak;dUcCa
yl;fa enAeBleRkayminfa´b¤nrNaeT nwgmincab;GarmμN_cMeBaHkarsBa¢wgKitrbs;sisSRsImñak;
EdlmanGayudb;bIqñaMeLIy. b:uEnþtamBit erOgenHKμanGVICasMxan;eT. ćg;sresr ehIy´man
karcaM)ac;kan;EtFMeFgeTot edIm,IykbBaðaRKb;RbePTTaMgGs;ecjBIRTÚgrbs;´.
« »
RkdasmanPaBGMNt;eRcInCagmnusS . ´)anKitGMBIBaküesøakenH kalBIéf¶mYyenaH
xN³eBlEdl´kMBugmanGarmμN_Fujfb;bnþicbnþÜc ehIykMBugGgÁúyenApÞH edayykédTl;cgáa
GpSúk nigelVIyehIymindwgfa etIRtÚvenApÞHb¤k¾ecjeTAeRkA. TIbMput ´sßitenAkEnøgsBa¢wgKit
dEdl. EmnehIy RkdasBitCamanPaBGMNt;CagmnusS ehIy´k¾KμanbMNg[GñkNamñak;eTot
eTaHCaGñkNak¾eday GanesovePAsresrRkbrwg Edllm¥edaycMNgeCIgsem,ImGs©arüfa
« »
esovePAkMNt;ehtuRbcaMéf¶ enHEdr elIkElgEtenAeBlNamYy ´)anCYbmitþBitR)akdmñak;enA
kñúgCIvitrbs;´.
\LÚv ´RtLb;eTAcMNcu Edl[´manKMnti sresresovePAkMNt;ehtuenH³ ´KμanmitBþ ti R)akd
mñak;esaH.
edIm,IeFVI[kan;Etc,as; eKRtÚvEtpþl;nUvkarbMPøWmYy BIeRBaHKμannrNamñak;eCOfa ekμgRsI
EdlmanGayudb;bIqñaMmñak; rs;enAEtmñak;ÉgKt;kñúgelakenHeT. ehIy´k¾minEmnenAEtmñak;Ég
Edr. ´man«BukmþayEdlKYr[Rslaj; manbgRsImñak;Gayudb;R)aMmYyqñaMnigmanmnusSy:ag
ehacRbEhlsamsibnak; Edl´Gaccat;TukCamitþ. manmnusSRslaj;´mYycMnYnFM EdlcaM
emIlédayEkvEPñkeBareBjedayesckþIRslaj;minecHNay ehIyEdlCYnkalenAkñúgfñak;
)anelgesIcedayeRbIkMEbkkBa©k;BIehae):AedIm,IlYcqøúHemIl´. ´manRKÜsarmYy manmIg²Edl

KYr[Rslaj; nigmanpÞHsmrmümYy. eT¡ ebIemIlmYyEPøt ´hak;dcU CamanGV²I TaMgGs; elIkElg
Etmiteþ sμaHRtg;mañ k;beu: NÑaH. eBlénACamYymitPþ kþi ´KitEtBIGEIV dlsb,ay. ´minEdlniyay
erOgGVeI pSgeRkAEtBIerOgkMbkiu kMbku: Fmμtaral;éf¶eLIy. ńigmitPþ kþí hak;dcU Ca minGaceFV[I CitsñTi §
KñaelIsBIenHeToteT. karEdlminGacCitsñiT§enHRbEhlCaecjmkBI´. enHehIyCa]bsKÁ
sMxan;EdlńigmitPþ kþmi ni TukcitKþ añ . eTaHy:agNak¾eday erOgKWstiß enARtg;enHÉg ehIyKYr[sþay
erOgTaMgenHTMngCaminGacpøas;bþÚr)aneT. enHCamUlehtuEdleFVI[ćab;epþImsresresovePA
kMNt;ehtu.
edIm,Ilm¥smösSmitþEdl´rg;caMyUrmkehIyenAkñúgkþIRsémrbs;´ ´mincg;kt;RtakarBit
TaMgLaycUlkñúgesovePAkMNt;ehtu dUcEdlmnusSCaeRcInFøab;eFVIrebobenHeT b:uEnþćg;eFVI[
esovePAkMNt;ehtuenHCamitþrbs;´ ehIyńwgehAmitþenHfa XIFI . « »
KμannrNamñak;nwgyl;BIerOgTaMgGs;Edlérobrab;R)ab; XIFI eT ebIsinćab;sresrcUl

EtmþgnUvkMNt;ehturbs;énaH dUecñH´KYrEtsresrsegçbGMBIRbvtþiénCIvitrbs;´ eTaHbI´min
cUlcitþeFVIG‘Icwgk¾eday.
):a´KWCa):aEdlKYr[Rslaj;bMputEdl´minEdlCYbRbTH Kat;manGayusamsibR)aMmYy
qñaeM TAehIy enAeBlEdlKat;erobkarCamYym:ak; EdlenAeBlenaHm:ak;manGayuémÖR)aMqañ .M bgRsI
rbs;´ m:ahÁút ekItenA E®hVghVWt Gam emn kñúgRbeTsGaløWm:g; naqñaM1926. ékItenAéf¶TI12
Exmifuna qñaM1929. ´)anrs;enA E®hVghVWt rhUtdl;´GayubYnqñaM. BIeRBaHBYkeyIgCaCnCati
CVIhV ):a´)aneFVIGenþaRbevsn_eTARbeTshuløg;kñúgqñaM1933 CaqñaMEdlKat;RtÚv)anEtgtaMgCa
naykcat;EcgRkúmh‘un dac GUbuikta xumepnI EdlmanÉkeTskñúgkarpliteRKÓgeFVIdMNab;Epø
eQI . m:ak;´KW eGDIt hULanD½r E®hVg )aneTARbeTshulgø C; amYy):a kñgú ExkBaØa É m:ahÁtú nig´
RtÚvbBa¢ÚneTAenACamYyyayenA Gaeqn6. m:ahÁút eTARbeTshuløg;kñúgExFñÚ ehIy´)aneTAtam
eRkaykñúgExkumÖ³ munéf¶xYbkMeNIt m:ahÁút.
´)ancab;epþmI cUlsalametþyü m:gu etsUrI enAeBleTAdl;hlu gø P; aø m. énAsalametþyü
m:ugetsUrI rhUtdl;´GayuR)aMmYyqñaM EdlenAeBlenaH´)ancab;epþImcUleronfñak;TImYy. enAfñak;
6 RkúgmYyfitenARbeTsGaløWm:g;PaKxaglic Cab;RBMEdnRbeTsEb‘lhSúik nigRbeTshuløg;.

8 Gan;E®hVg
TIR)aMmYy RKÚbeRgónrbs;´KWCaelakRsIcaghVag XUeprus. enAcugqñaMsikSa ńigelakRsI

XUeprus )anRsk;Tkw EPñkTaMgGs;Kañ enAeBlEdlńigKat;niyaylaKñay:agexøacpSakñúgcitþ BIeRBaH
GnuviTüal½y CIVhV Layesom )anyl;RBmTTYl´[cUleronehIy ehIysalaenHk¾Casala
rbs; m:ahÁút Edr.
CIvti rbs;BkY eyIgminEmnKμankar)armÖeT BIeRBaHjatisnþanrbs;BkY eyIgEdlenAkñgú RbeTs
GaløWm:g; kMBugrgTukçevTnaeRkamc,ab;RbqaMgCnCatiCVIhVrbs; GuIEtør. eRkayBIclnasmøab;
CnCatiCVIhV kñúgqñaM1938 BUrbs;´BIrnak; ¬b¥ÚnRbúsrbs;m:ak;´¦ )anePosxøÜnBIRbeTsGaløWm:g;
eTArkTICRmkEdlmansuvtßiPaBenAGaemrikxageCIg. yayrbs;Édlmanv½ycas;xøaMgNas;
ehIyenaH )anmkrs;enACamYyBYkeyIgEdr. enAeBlenaH yaymanGayucitsibbIqñaMehIy.
bnÞab;BIEx]sPa qñaM1940 eBlevlasb,ayrIkraymantictYcNas; ehIyryalBIKña
xøaMgeTotpg³ dMbUgKWs®gÁam bnÞab;mkkarcuHcaj; eRkaymkeTot KWkarmkdl;rbs;BYkGaløWm:g;
EdlCaeBlcab;epþImkþIkgVl;sRmab;CnCatiCVIhV. esrIPaBrbs;BYkeyIgRtÚv)anrwtt,ity:agtwgruwg
edaykarecjRkwtüc,ab;RbqaMgnwgCnCatiCVIhVCabnþbnÞab;³ CnCatiCVIhVRtÚvEtBak;páayelOg
CnCatiCVIhVRtÚvEtRbKl;kg;rbs;BYkeK CnCatiCVIhVBMumansiT§ieRbIyanEdledIredayGKÁisnIeT
CnCatiCVIhVBMumansiT§ieFVIdMeNIredayCiHrfynþRkúgeT sUm,IEtrfynþpÞal;xøÜnkþI CnCatiCVIhVGaceFVI
dMeNIreTApSarcab;BIem:ag3eTAem:ag5l¶acEtb:ueNÑaH CnCatiCVIhVGaccUl)anEthagEksmösS
nighagkat;sk;NaEdlmanm©as;CaCnCatiCVIhVb:ueNÑaH CnCatiCVIhVKμansiT§ienAtampøÚveLIy cab;BI
em:ag8l¶aceTAem:ag6RBwk CnCatiCVIhVBMumansiT§ieTAeragelçan eragkun b¤TIkEnøgedIrkmSanþepSg²
eTot CnCatiCVIhVBMumansiT§ieTAkan;GagEhlTwk b¤elgetnñIs elgkUneKalelITwkkk b¤elgkILa
déT²eTot CnCatiCVIhVBMumansiT§iGMuTUkelg CnCatiCVIhVminGacelgkILaNamYyenATIsaFarN³eT
CnCatiCVIhVRtÚv)anhammin[GgÁúykñúgsYnc,arrbs;xøÜn b¤sYnc,arTaMgLayEdlCarbs;mitþPkþixøÜn
eRkayem:ag8yb; CnCatiCVIhVBMumansiT§icUleTAelgpÞHGñkkan;sasnaRKisþ CnCatiCVIhVRtÚvEteTA
eronenAsalarbs;CVIhV.l. ÉgminGaceFVIenHehIyk¾minGaceFVIenaHEdr EteTaHCay:agNa
«
CIvitecHEtbnþrs;eTAmuxeTot. hSak; EtgEtniyaymkkan;´fa Élgh‘aneFVIGVIeTotehIy
»
eRBaH´xøacxus .
enAkñgú rdUvekþA qña1M 941 e®hÁnm:a* )anFøak;xnÜø QWCaTm¶n; ehIyRtÚvEtTTYlkarvHkat; dUecñH
* e®hÁnm:a KWCayayxagmþayrbs; Gan;.
éf¶kMeNIt´)anknøgeTAedayesaHkeRkaH. mü:ageTotkñúgrdUvekþA qñaM1940 BYkeyIgk¾mni manGVI

eFVeI RcInEdrsRmab;éf¶xbY kMeNItrbs;´ edayehtufas®gÁameTIbEt)anbBa©be; nAkñgú RbeTshuløg;.
e®hÁnm:a )anTTYlGnic©kmμenAkñúgExmkra qñaM1942. KμannrNamñak;dwgfa ´KitGMBIKat;
jwkjab;b:unNaeT ńwkdl;Kat; ehIyénAEtRslaj;Kat;. kñúgqñaM1942enH karR)arB§BiFI
buNüxYbkMeNIt RtÚv)anerobcMeLIgedIm,Ib:Hb:UvxYbkMeNItmun²EdlxkxaneTA ehIyeTontMNag[
e®hÁnm:a RtÚv)andutbMPøWCamYyeTontMNag[GñkepSg²eTot.
eyIgTaMgbYnnak;enAEtsuxsb,ay ehIykarsuxsb,ayenHbNþal[´rs;enArhUtmkdl;
éf¶enH KWéf¶TI20 Exmifuna qñaM1942 EdlCakalbriecäTénkarsem<aFy:ag»LariknUvesovePA
kMNt;ehturbs;´.
éf¶esAr_ TI20 Exmifuna qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;¡
sUmGnuBaØat[ćab;epþImsresrBIenHeTAEtmþg³ ´manGarmμN_s¶b;EmnETn enAeBlenH.
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« »
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« »
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10 Gan;E®hVg
eTAeTot.
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rhUteTAdl;pÞH ehIyeyIgcab;epþImsnÞnaKña)anb¤Gt; ´GaceCOR)akdkñúgcitþfa manR)aMbYndgeTA
ehIy kñúgcMnYndb;dg EdlekμgRbúsenaHrMCYlcitþedayesñha ehIysmøwg´mindkEPñkeLIy. kñúg
ry³eBlmYyy:agxøI menaseBa©tnaesñharbs;ekμgRbúsenaH nwgcab;epþmI rlayGs; CaBiesseBl
´mincab;GarmμN_nwgkarsmøwgemIlEdleBareBjedayesckþIRslaj;rbs;Kat; ehIyFak;kg;
«
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»
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Gan; rbs; XIFI

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« » « » « » «
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»
ehIy . eTaHbICaEPñkrbs; CI bgðajnUvkarGgVrkr ehIykMhwgrbs;´kMBugpÞúHk¾eday k¾eyIgmin
GaceFVI[BYkeKs¶b;)anEdr. ebIsinCaÉgsYr´ G‘IcwgmansisSexSayeRcInNas; rhUtdl;man
sisSmYyPaKbYnkñúgfñak; RbEhlRtÚveronRtÜtfñak; b:uEnþRKÚ²KWCamnusSBi)akTaycitþKat;Tukmun
bMputenAelIEpndIenH. emIleTAeBlenH BYkeKminGacTaykarpøas;bþÚrRtÚveT.
´minsUvRBÜy)armÖGMBImitþRsI²´ nigxøÜnéT. BYkeyIgnwgeLIgfñak;. KWmanEtmuxviC¢aKNit
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BIrg;caMlT§pl. BIeBlenHrhUtdl;karRbkaslT§pl BYkeyIgenAEtR)ab;KñaeTAvijeTAmkkMuTan;
Gal)at;bg;CMenOTMnukcitþ.
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nak;. elak XIsuIg CamnusSburaN beRgónKNitviTüa )anxwgnwg´Gs;ry³eBly:agyUr BIeRBaH
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EtgesckþmI y « »
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y:ages¶óms¶at;.
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RsayNas; b:uEnþkarbgðajBIPsþútagEdljúaMg[eKeCOBIPaBcaM)ac;énkarniyayeRcInKWCacMNuc
sMxan;. ´)anKitehIyKiteTot ehIyPøamenaH´manKMnitmYy. ´)ansresrcMnYnbITMB½rEdl
XIsuIg )ankMNt;[eFVI ehIy XIsIug eBjcitþnwgsMeNrenaH. ´)anelIkehtuplfa karniyay
KWCalkçN³Fm~Catirbs;®sþIePT ehIyfa ńwgBüayam[Gs;BIsmtßPaBedIm,I[karniyayman
kMNt; Etfa´minGackMcat;ecalTmøab;enH)aneLIy eRBaHm:ak;´ ebImineRcInCageTenaH k¾niyay
eRcIndUc´G‘IcwgEdr ehIyK~annrNaGacpøas;bþÚrcritlkçN³EdlCatMNBUCBI«BukmþayeLIy.
karelIkehtuplrbs;´)aneFVI[elak XIsuIg eBjcitþy:agxøaMg b:uEnþenAeBlEdl´bnþ
niyayeRcIntamTmøab;rbs;énAem:ageroneRkayeTot XIsuIg )andak;kic©karBiessTIBIrmk[éFVI
« »
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ehIyelak XIsuIg BMumant¥ÚjEt¥reT kñúgeBlbeRgónBIrem:ageTot. b:uEnþkñúgGMLúgeBlbeRgónem:ag
12 Gan;E®hVg
«
TIbI XIsuIg )ansmÁal;eXIjfa ćab;epþImeFVIhYsRBMEdneTotehIy. Gan; E®hVg ÉgRtÚveFVIEtg
esckþImYymk[´ sþIBIRbFanbT³ ekμgRsIniyayb):ac;b:e):ac mansMeLgdUcstVTaERskfa kab¡
»
kab¡ kab¡ .
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cuHTn;exSayeday)ansresrRbFanEtgesckþImnusSniyayeRcInk¾eday. enHCaeBlEdl´
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kMNaBü)anmanbMNgCYy´sresrEtgesckþICakMNaBütaMgBIedImdl;cb;. ´sb,ayeLIg
elatkeBaäg. XIsuIg BüayamkMEbøgelgCamYy´ edayelIkykRbFanbTminsmehtuplenH
mk[éFVI. b:uEnþńwgeFVI[eKesIccMeBaHKat;vij.
kMNaBürbs;´sresr)an\tex©aH¡ kMNaBüenaHniyayGMBI Em:TamYy «k¶anmYy Edlman
kUnTabIRtÚv«BukhYrgab;edaysarEtkUnTaenaHERskeRcIneBk. sMNagl¥ XIsuIg yl;GMBI
kMNaBüenHkñúgpøÚvRtÚv. XIsuIg GankMNaBühñwg[GñkenAkñúgfñak;´sþab; nigedaybEnßmeyabl;
rbs;Kat;pÞal;. cab;taMgBIeBlenaHmk ´RtÚv)anGnuBaØat[niyay ehIyminRtÚv)andak;kic©kar
Biess[eFVIenApÞHeToteT. pÞúyeTAvij eBlenH XIsuIg EtgEtniyayerOgkMEbøgCanic©.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶BuF TI24 Exmifuna qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
FatuGakaséf¶enHekþA ehIyhb;xøaMgNas;. mnusSRKb;Kñafb;degðImrkxül;dkesÞIrEtBMu)an
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EdledIredayGKÁisnIeFVI[sb,ayb:unNa b:uEnþCnCatiCVIhVminRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[eRbIyand¾RbNIt
enHeToteT. eCIgTaMgBIrrbs;eyIglμmRKb;RKan;sRmab;eyIgehIy. mSilmij enAeBl)ayéf¶
Rtg; ´mankarNat;CYbCamYyeBTüeFμjenApøÚv eCn luyexn®sþat. TIenaHsßitenAq¶ayNas;
BIsalarbs;eyIgEdlsßitenAtamdgpøÚv sþatsÞIm½rTVIenn ehIyenAeBlresol éhobnwgeKg
lk;enAnwgtueTAehIy. sMNagl¥ manmnusS)anelIkePsC¢³mk[ePJóvTTYlTan. GñkCMnYykar
eBTüeFμjenaHBitCacitþl¥EmnETn.
meFüa)ayeFVIdMeNIrEtmYyKt; EdlenAsl;sRmab;BYkeyIg KWnavacmøg. GñkcmøgnavaenA
cUeshV GuIRsaEGleXd )ancmøgBYkeyIg enAeBlBYkeyIgehAKat;[dwk. vaBitCaminEmnkMhus

rbs;RbCaCnhuløg;eT eBlEdlCnCatiCVIhVeyIgkMBugEtmankarlM)akEbbenH.
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Edl´)anCYbkalBIl¶acéf¶munenApÞH vIlm:a EdlCamitþrbs;´. ekμgRbúsCMTg;enaHKWbgCIdUnmYy
TIBIrrbs; vIlm:a ehIy vIlm:a KWCamitþRsImñak;EdlenAeBldMbUghak;dUcCaKYr[Rslaj; b:uEnþ
vIlm:a niyayEtBIerOgRbús²b:ueNÑaH ehIyerOgenH)ancab;epþImeFVI[´FujRTan;. ekμgRbúsCMTg;
enaH edIrsMedAmkrk´ edayrageGon²bnþic ehIyR)ab;´faKat;eQμaH ehLÚ suIlb½rbWhÁ. ´
PJak;ep¥Ilbnþic ehIymindwgR)akdfa ehLÚ RtÚvkarGVIeT EtminyUrb:unμan´k¾)andwg. ehLÚ sYrfa
«
etI´GnuBaØat[Kat;eTAsalaCamYy)aneT. ńiyayfa [Et ehLÚ RtÚveTApøvÚ enaH ńwgeTA
»
CamYy . dUecñHehIy ehLÚ nig ´ k¾edIreTACamYyKña. ehLÚ manGayudb;R)aMmYyqñaM ehIyBUEk
niyayerOgkMEbøgRKb;RbePT.
RBwkenH ehLÚ kMBugEtrg;caM´ ehIy´Kitfa RbEhlCa ehLÚ nwgbnþeFVIdUecñHGMNwHteTA.
Gan;
éf¶BuF TI1 Exkkáda qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
´sUmR)ab;Égy:agesμaHRtg;fa ´BitCarkeBlsresreTAÉgmin)anesaH rhUtmkdl;éf¶
enH. ´)anenACamYymitþPkþieBjmYyéf¶RBhs,t×. enAéf¶suRk eyIg)anTTYlePJóvmkelgCa
bnþbnÞab;rhUtmkdl;éf¶enHeTIb´)ansresr.
mYys)aþh_knøgmkehIy ehLÚ nig´ )ansÁal;KñaeTAvijeTAmky:agl¥ ehIy ehLÚ )an
R)ab;ĆaeRcInGMBICIvitrbs;Kat;. Kat;mkBI EhÁlsigeXorxin ehIykMBugrs;enACamYytayay
rbs;Kat;. ):am:ak;rbs;Kat;enARbeTsEb‘lhSúki Et ehLÚ KμanmeFüa)ay eKcecjeTAEb‘lhSúik
14 Gan;E®hVg
eT. ehLÚ Føab;manmitþRsImñak;eQμaH eGors‘uyLa. ´k¾sÁal; eGors‘uyLa Edr. eGors‘uyLa

CamnusSmanmnþesñh_ EtesaHkeRkaH. taMgEtBI ehLÚ )anCYb´ ehLÚ )andwgfa eGors‘ul
)aneFVI[Kat;Fujfb;. dUecñH´KWCafñaMmü:agEdleFVI[Kat;ekøóvkøaeLIgvij. GñkminGacdwgfa Gñkman
sarsMxan;cMeBaHGVIxøHeT¡
yb;éf¶esAr_ hSak; )ansRmakenApÞH´. resoléf¶GaTitü nagenApÞHrbs; haeNlI
ehIy´GpSúkesÞIrEtsøab;eTAehIy.
ehLÚ )anniyayfa nwgmkpÞHrbs;énAl¶acéf¶enaH b:uEnþRbEhlCaem:agR)aMmYyRBlb;
«
ehLÚ )anTUrs½BÞmk. élIkTUrs½BÞ ehIy ehLÚ niyayfa ´KW Ehlmut suIlb½rbWhÁ. sUm
GnuBaØat[ńiyayCamYy Gan; )aneT? »
« »
G+U ehLÚ. ´KW Gan; .
« GU+ sYsþI Gan;. Gan; suxsb,ayeT? »
« suxsb,ay GrKuN . »
« ćg;niyayfa ésaksþayNas; eRBaH´minGaceTA)aneTyb;enH Et´manerOgcg;

niyayCamYy Gan; bnþic. etI Gan; yl;RBmeT ebIsinCaéTATTYl Gan; RbEhlCadb;naTI
eTot? »
« ca+s )an. laehIy¡ »
« bnþiceTotéTAdl;ehIy. laehIy¡ »
´dak;TUrs½BÞcuH ehIybþÚrsemøókbMBak;y:agelOn nigerobcMsk;[erobry. ´RCÜlRcal;

xøaMgNas; rhUtdl;´gakemIltambg¥ÜcrkemIlKat;eTotpg. TIbMput ehLÚ )anmkdl;. ´min
Rbjab;Rbjal;sÞúHcuHCeNþIreT b:uEnþénArg;caMedayes¶óms¶at; rhUtTal;Et ehLÚ cuckNþwg.
´)ancuHeRkamebIkTVar[Kat; ehIyKat;mkenAcMekøagTVarEtmþg.
« Gan; yayrbs;´Kitfa Gan; ÉgekμgeBk dUecñH´minGacmkCYb Gan; ÉgCaRbcaMy:agenH
eT. Kat;niyayfa ´KYrEteTApÞHrbs; LÚevn)ac; vij¬eQ~aHRKÜsarrbs; eGors‘ul b:uEnþ Gan;
RbEhlCadwgehIyfa ÉlgsuIsgVak;CamYy eGors‘ul eTotehIy . »
« eT ´Gt;)andwgGVIeT. etImanGVIekIteLIg? etIGñkTaMgBIreQøaHKñab¤?»
« KμanerOgG‘IcwgeT. ´)anR)ab; eGors‘ul fa eTaHCay:agNa ńignagminsmnwgKñaeT

ehIyvaCakarRbesIrEdleyIgElgedIreTANamkNaCamYyKñaeTot Etfa eGors‘ul enAEtRtÚv
sVaKmn_enAeBlmkpÞHĆanic© ehIy´sgÇwmfa ´k¾RtÚvTTYlsVaKmn_enAÉpÞHrbs; eGors‘ul vij

Edr. tamBitéCOfa eGors‘ul kMBugEtenACamYyRbúsmñak;eTot ehIy´)anRbRBwtþcMeBaH eGor-
s‘ul hak;dUcCanageFIVdUecñaHEmn. b:uEnþ ýl;xuscMeBaHnagTaMgRsúg. ehIyeRkaymk BU´)an
niyayfa ´KYrEtsMueTas eGors‘ul Et´BitCaKμanGamμN_cg;sMueTasesaH enHehIyCamUlehtu
EdlÉbkBI eGors‘ul. b:uEnþerOgenaHRKan;EtCamUlehtumYyb:ueNÑaH enAmanmUlehtuCaeRcIn
eTot.
« eBlenH yayćg;[éTApÞHrbs; eGors‘ul KWBMuEmnpÞH Gan; eT b:uEnþ ´minyl;RBm
ehIy´k¾mincg;eTAEdr. BYkmnusScas; CYnkaleRcInmanKMnitburaN b:uEnþ´minGacbnÞn;tamKat;
)aneT. ´RtÚvkaryaytarbs;´ b:Eu nþtamEdldwgenaH BYkKat;kR¾ tÚvkarÉdr. BIeBlenHeTA ńwg
manesrIPaBral;l¶acéf¶BuF. Gan; yl;eT yayta´ )anbgçM[ćuHeQμaHeronfñak;cmøak;eQI Et
tamBit ´)aneTAkøwbmYyrbs;KNbkSsüÚnIsniym7. tayayrbs;´min[éTATIenaHeT BIeRBaH
Kat;CaGñkRbqaMgnwglT§si üÚnsI . ´minEmnCaGñkeCOlTis§ üÚnsI mñak;hsY ehtuenaHeT Etćab;GamμN_
cMeBaHneya)ayrbs;clnaenH. b:Eu nþeBlfμ²I enH clnaneya)aysüÚnsI mandMeNIrkarminRsYl
´KitnwgdkxønÜ ecjehIy. dUecñHéf¶BFu eRkay KWCakarRbCMcu gu eRkaysRmab;´. mann½yfa ´
GacCYb Gan; enAl¶acéf¶BuF resoléf¶esAr_ l¶acéf¶esAr_ resoléf¶GaTitü ehIyRbEhlCaman
eBlkan;EteRcIneTot .»
« b:uEnþ ebIsintayayrbs; ehLÚ mincg;[cUlrYmkøwbenaH ehLÚ minKYrlYceTAeT . »
« enAkñúgerOgesñha nigs®gÁam GIV²KWRtÚvTaMgGs; . »
ehLÚ nig´)anedIrdl;muxbNÑaKar EbøgXIvUt ehIyenAkñúgbNÑaKarenaH ´)aneXIj

pitF½r sÁhI V nigekμgRbúsBIrnak;eTot. KWCaelIkTImy
Y ehIyEdl pitF½r )anniyayBaküGruNsYsIþ
mkkan;´ ehIyerOgenHBitCaeFVI[´manGarmμN_sb,ayrIkrayEmnETn.
l¶acéf¶c½nÞ ehLÚ )anmkpÞHédIm,IR)aRs½yTak;TgCamYy):anigm:ak;. ´)anTijnMBgTamYy
ehIynigsárRKab;xøH ehIy):a m:ak; ehLÚ nig´ )anjúaMEt nig nMXuKI nigGVI²CaeRcIneTot b:uEnþ
TaMg ehLÚ TaMg´ BMucg;GgÁúy[s<wkxøÜnenAelIekAGIeT. dUecñH ehLÚ nig´)anecjeTAedIrelgxag
eRkA ehIyTal;Etem:agR)aMbInigdb;naTI eTIb ehLÚ CUn´RtLb;mkpÞHvij. ):axwgCaxøaMg. ):a
7 clnaneya)ayEdlTak;TgnwgkarsßabnaeLIgvij karGPivDÆneya)ay nigsasnaénrdæÉkraCümYyrbs;CnCatiCVIhV
EdlsBVéf¶CaRbeTsGuIRsaEGl.
16 Gan;E®hVg
niyayfa éFVIxushYsehtuRtLb;mkpÞHvijyWtem:ag. ´RtÚvEtsnüafa eBleRkayńwg

RtLb;mkpÞH enAem:agR)aMbIxVHdb;naTI. ehLÚ )anGeBa¢IjéTApÞHrbs;Kat;enAéf¶esAr_xagmux.
vIlm:a )anR)ab;´fa yb;mYy ehLÚ )anmkpÞHrbs;nag ehIynag)ansYr ehLÚ fa Gñk «
NamYyEdlbgcUlcitþCageK etICa eGors‘ul b¤ Gan;? . »
«
ehLÚ eqøIyfa BMuEmnCaerOgrbs;ÉgeT .»
b:uEnþenAeBlkMBugEtecjeTA ¬ehLÚ nig vIlm:a min)anniyayKñaeT enAl¶acenaH¦ ehLÚ

« »
)anniyayfa GW ćUlcitþ Gan; Cag b:uEnþkMuR)ab;GñkNa[esaH. laehIy¡ ehIy>>>ehLÚ k¾
ecjeTAvwgy:agelOn.
cMeBaHGVI²Edl ehLÚ niyayb¤RbRBwtþ ´Gacdwgfa ehLÚ Rslaj;´ ehIysRmab;mYy
ry³eBl erOgenHBitCaeFVI[´sb,aycitþ. m:ahÁút niyayfa ehLÚ KWCamnusSsucrit
«
esμaHRtg;. ´k¾KitG‘IcwgEdr Et ehLÚ l¥CagenHeTAeTot. m:ak;k¾sresIrxøaMgEdrfa Kat;Ca³ ekμg
»
Rbúsl¥RtwmRtÚvehIymansuCIvFm’ . ´sb,ayrIkrayEdl ehLÚ eFVI[RKÜsarTaMgmUlrbs;´
cUlcitþKat;xøaMg. elIkElgEtmitþRsI²rbs;´b:ueNÑaH. ehLÚ Kitfa mitþRsI²rbs;´dUckUnekμg
Nas; ehIy ehLÚ KitdUecñHBitCaRtwmRtÚv. hSak; enAEtniyaycMGn;´KμanQb;BIerOg ehLÚ b:uEnþ
´minRslaj; ehLÚ eT. R)akdNas;. ´BitCamansiT§imanmitþPkiþRbús². KμanGñkNamñak;
benÞasBIerOgenH)aneT.
m:ak;EtgEtcg;dwgfa GñkNaEdléBjcitþnwgerobkarCamYy enAeBl´ FMeLIg EtéCOfa
m:ak;nwgminnwksμanfa pitF½r eT eRBaH´)anbEgVgmin[Kat;niyayBIeQ~aH pitF½r edayminbgðaj
GarmμNr_ bs;xnÜø ecjmk. ´Rslaj; pitF½r tampøvÚ m:üagEdl´minFøab;mancMeBaHGñkNamñak;esaH
ehIy´sakl,g):an;sμanedayKμanQb;Qrfa pitF½r esBKb;CamYyRsI² déTTaMgGs;enaH RKan;
EtedIm,Ilak;GarmμN_rbs;Kat;cMeBaHÉtb:ueNÑaH. pitF½r RbEhlCaKitfa ehLÚ nig´Rslaj;Kña
Et ehLÚ nig´minEmnRslaj;KñaeT. ehLÚ RKan;EtCamitþmñak; b¤RKan;EtCasgSarmñak;Edlm:ak;
bg¥ab;[b:ueNÑaH.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶GaTitü TI5 Exkkáda qñaM1942

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
BiFIEcksBaØab½Rt enAkñúgeragelçanCVIhV kalBIéf¶suRk)anRbRBwtþeTAdUcEdl)aneRKagTuk.
RBwtiþbRtBinÞúsalarbs;´minGaRkk;eBkeT. ´manBinÞúkRmiteRkammFümEtmYymuxviC¢ab:ueNÑaH
xagBiCKNit ´)anBinÞúkRmit C ehIyeRkABIenH manmuxviC¢aCaeRcIn ´)anBinÞú B elIkElgmuxviC¢a
-
BIreTot )anBinÞúkRmit B nigBIreTot )ankRmit B . enApÞH):am:ak;´sb,aycitþ b:uEnþ):am:ak;´mindUc

+ -
):am:ak;déTeT enAeBlniyayBIerOgBinÞú. ):am:ak;´minEdlxVl;GMBIRBwtþibRtBinÞúsalal¥b¤GaRkk;

eLIy. [Et´mansuxPaBl¥ nigsb,ay ehIyminniyaytmat;eRcIn )a:m:ak;éBjcitþNas;eTA
ehIy. ebIsinbBaðaTaMgbIenH)anl¥ bBaðaepSgeTotminsMxan;.
cMENk´KWpÞúyeTAvij. ´mineBjcitþeTenAeBlTTYl)anBinÞúminl¥. salaGnuviTüal½y CIVhV
Layesom )anyl;RBmTTYlédaysarĆasisSl¥. CaeKalkarN_ ´RtÚvEteronfñak;TIR)aMBIr
enAsala m:ugetsUrI b:uEnþenAeBlEdleKtRmÚvfa kumarCVIhVTaMgGs;RtÚveTAeronenAsala
TaMgLayrbs;CVIhV elak eGlt× )anyl;RBmTTYl´ nig lIs ehÁasøa [sakl,g bnÞab;BIman
karbBa©úHbBa©Úly:ageRcIn. qñaMenH lIs )anRblgCab;ehIy eTaHCanagRtÚvRblgFrNImaRtmþg
eTotk¾eday.
lIs d¾kmSt;. enApÞHrbs;nag nagBi)akeFVIkar[eBjédeBjeCIgNas; eRBaHnagmanb¥Ún
RsItUcTMeyImñak;eQμaH ehÁb‘Í manGayuBIrqñaM EdlelgenAEtkñúgbnÞb;nageBj²mYyéf¶. ebIsni
ehÁbÍ‘ min)anGVEI dlnagcg;)aneT vak¾xgw ERskyMva: s ehIyebIsni lIs minemIlEfrkSa ehÁbÍ‘
eT enaHelakRsI ehÁasøa k¾ERskeLIg. kñgú sßanPaBdUcenH lIs Bi)akeFVkI ci k© arsala[)anl¥
Nas; ehIyeTaHCanageronKYrBiess k¾vaminGacCYynag)anGVIeRcInEdr. RKÜsarrbs; ehÁasøa
BitCarej:réj:Nas;. «Bukmþayrbs;elakRsI ehÁasøa enApÞHCab;Kña b:uEnþjúaMGaharral;eBl
CamYyRKÜsar ehÁasøa. bEnßmBIelIenH manRsIbeRmImñak; ekμgtUcmñak; elak ehÁasøa EdlEtgEt
raymaynig)at;mux nigelakRsI ehÁasøa EdlEtgEtmYem:AeRcIn nigqab;xwgRceLat ehIykMBug
manépÞeBaHpg. kñúgpÞHEdlKμanGñkNasþab;GñkNaenH lIs d¾GP½BVEdlminsUvrh½srhYn c,as;
CaehghagmindwgeFVIGVITaMgGs;.
bgRsI m:ahÁút k¾)anTTYlRBwtþibRtBinÞúsaladUcÉdr. Kat;CasisSBUEkdUcral;dg. ebI
sinCaTTYl)annieTÞsl¥EbbenHkalmuns®gÁam m:ahÁút nwgeLIgeTAeronenAfñak;elIeTot edayman
18 Gan;E®hVg
karsresIrBIKN³emRbeyaK. m:ahÁút BitCaqøatEmnETn.

fμ²I enH ):aeRcInEtenApÞH. Kat;ElgmanehtupleTAkariyal½yeTotehIy. erOgenHsm
EtKYrBi)akcitþEdldwgxøÜnfaminmanRbeyaCn_. elak ekøm:g; )aneLIgkan;tMENgCanaykRkúmh‘un
GUbuikta ehIyelak XuKø½r CanaykRkúmh‘un hÁIs nig xU EdlCaRkúmh‘unlk;eRKÓgeTsEdleTIbEt
begáIteLIgenAqñaM1941.
BIrbIéf¶mnu enAeBlEdleyIgedIrlMEhkmSanþ ):a)anepþmI niyayGMBkI arlak;xnÜø . ):aniyay
fa vanwgeFVI[eyIgBi)akxøaMgNas; Edlrs;enAkat;pþac;TaMgRsugBIBiPBelak. ´sYrKat;fa ehtuGI
)anCaKat;elIkykerOglak;xøÜnmkniyayenAeBlenH.
«
Kat;eqøIyfa Gan; kUndwgehIyfa taMgBICagmYyqñaMmkehIy eyIg)anyksemøókbMBak;
Gahar nigeRKÓgsgðarimeTAepJIpÞHGñkdéT. eyIgmincg;[RTBüsm,tþieyIgRtÚvGaløWm:g;rwbGUseT
ehIyeyIgk¾mincg;[xøÜneyIgFøak;kñúgkNþab;édrbs;GaløWm:g;Edr. dUecñHeyIgnwgcakecjeTA
edayxøÜnÉgCaCagrg;caM[eKmkEsVgrkeyIg . »
« »
b:uEnþenAeBlNaeTA ):a? smþImuWgm:at;rbs;):a)aneFVI[´RBÜy)armÖ.
« kMu)armÖGI. eyIgnwgemIlEfTaMRKb;y:ag. kUnRtÚvrIkraynwgCIvitEdl\txVl;xVayrbs;kUn
eTA kñúgeBlEdlkUnenAmaneBlenAeLIy . »
erOgvamanEtb:uNÑwg. GU+¡ sUmkMu[smþIEdlKYr[RBÜy)armÖenH køayCakarBit[esaH.

kNþwgTVarkMBugEteraT× KW ehLÚ mkTIenH ´Qb;niyayeTotehIy.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶BuF TI8 Exkkáda qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
taMgBIRBwkéf¶GaTitümk eBlevlahak;dUcCaeRcInqñaMG‘Icwg. erOgCaeRcIn)anekIteLIgEdl
eFVI[´snñidæanfa BiPBelakTaMgmUlcab;epþImERbRbÜlRcbUkRcbl;y:agxøaMg. b:uEnþdUcÉgeXIj
ehIy XIFI énAmanCIvitenAeLIy ehIy):aniyayfaenHKWCaerOgsMxan;bMput. ca+¡ karBiténA
rs;enAeLIy b:uEnþkMusYr´fa énAkEnøgNa b¤manCIvity:agdUcemþc. ýl;fa XIFI minyl;GVITaMg
Gs;nUvsmþIEdl´kMBugniyayéf¶enHeT ehtudUecñHehIy )anCaćab;epþImerobrab;R)ab; XIFI nUvGVI
Edl)anekIteLIgenAeBlresoléf¶GaTitüenH.
enAem:agbI ¬ehLÚ )anecjeTA)at; EtKat;nwgRtÚvRtLb;mkvij enAeBlbnÞab;¦ man

GñkNamñak;)ancuckNþwgenAmat;TVar. ´min)anB¤esaH eRBaH´sNþÚkxøÜnelIekAGIEvgmYyenAelIy:
xageRkA ehIykMBugGanesovePATaMgx¢ilRcGUseRkamBnøWRBHGaTitü. bnþiceRkaymk m:ahÁút
bgðajxøÜnenAmat;TVarpÞH)ayedaymanTwkmuxbgáb;edayPaBRBÜy)armÖ. m:ahÁút niyayxSwb²fa
«mandIkaekaHmYy BIb:UlisGavuFhtßGaløWm:g; epJImk[):a. m:ak;)aneTApÞHelak v:an; daGan taMgBI
»
eBlenaHmkemø:H . ¬elak v:an; daGan KWCaédKUrksuICamYy):anigCamitþPkþil¥mñak;¦.
erOgenH)aneFVI[´RsLaMgkaMg. dIkaekaH³ KWRKb;Kñadwgfa vamann½yy:agem:cehIy. ´
emIleXIjRsemalénCMrMRbmUlpþMú nigbnÞb;Kukdac;EtÉg taMgBIeBlenHeTAehIy. etIeyIg
beNþay[):aeTAtamvasnaEbbenHy:agem:cnwg)an? enAeBleyIgrg;caMm:ak;enAkñúgbnÞb;TTYl
«
ePJóv m:ahÁtú )anGHGagfa BitehIy ):anwgminRtÚveTACYbb:lU si GavuFhtßGalømW g: e; T. m:ak;)an
eTAsYrelak v:an; daGan fa etIeyIgGacerIeTAkEnøglak;xøÜnrbs;eyIgenAéf¶Es¥k)aneT. RKÜsar
»
v:an; daGan nwgeTAlak;xøÜnCamYyBYkeyIgEdr. eyIgTaMgGs;nwgmanKñaR)aMBIrnak; . s¶at;. eyIg
minGacniyayGVI)aneToteT. karKitBI):a EdlecjeTAsYrsuxTukçnrNamñak;enAmnÞIreBTüCVIhV
edaymin)andwgmanGIVekIteLIgenApÞH karrg;caMm:ak;Gs;ry³eBly:agyUr PaBtantwgkñúgcitþ kar
RBÜy)armÖTaMgGs;enHehIyEdlbgçM[ m:ahÁút nigénAes¶óms¶at;.
«
PøamenaH kNþwg)aneraT×mþgeTot. ńiyayfa KW ehLÚ . »
« »
kMuebIkTVar¡ m:ahÁút niyayedaycab;´mkvij. b:uEnþmincaM)ac;eT eRBaH m:ahÁút nig
´)anB¤m:ak; nigelak v:an; daGan niyayKñaenAxageRkamCamYy ehLÚ bnÞab;mk BYkeKBIrnak;)an
cUlmkxagkñúgehIybiTTVarBIeRkayBYkeK. RKb;eBlEdlkNþwgeraT× TaMg m:ahÁút TaMg´ RtÚvEtedIr
cugeCIgcuHeTACan;eRkam edIm,IemIlfa etICa):ab¤mni Emn):a ehIyeyIgminebIkTVar[nrNaepSgeTot
cUleLIy. m:ahÁtú nig´RtÚv[ecjBIbnÞbe; nAeBlelak v:an; daGan cg;ny i ayCamYym:ak;Etmñak;
Ég.
eBl m:ahÁtú nig´RtLb;mkbnÞbe; yIgvij m:ahÁtú )anR)ab;´fa dIkaekaHenaHminEmnsRmab;
):aeT b:uEnþsRmab;Kat;. erOgenH)aneFVI[´Bi)akcitþmþgeTotehIy ćab;epþImyMrham. m:ahÁút
manGayudb;R)aMmYyqñaM dUecñH BYkeKTMngCacg;bBa¢ÚnekμgRsIGayuRs)al m:ahÁút [ecjeTAq¶ay.
b:uEnþsUmGrKuNRBHCam©as;Edl m:ahÁút nwgminRtÚveKbBa¢ÚneT. m:ak;)anniyaydUecñHedayxøÜnÉg
ehIyRbEhlCaerOghñwgehIy Edl):asMedAeTArkenaHenAeBlKat;niyayR)ab;´BIkarlak;xøÜn
20 Gan;E®hVg
rbs;eyIg. eyIglak;xnÜø >>>b:Eu nþenAkEnøgNa? enATIRkúg? enACnbT? enAkñgú pÞHmYy? enAkñgú xÞm
mYy? eBlNakEnøgNa tamrebobNa>>>? eKminGnuBaØat[´sYrsMNrY TaMgenHeT b:uEnþsMNYrTaMg
enHenAEtmankñúgcitþĆanic©.
m:ahÁút nigćab;epþImerobcMdak;kñúgkabUbmYynUvrbs;rbrsMxan;²EdleyIgRtÚvkareRbICag
eK. vtßúTImYyEdl´dak;cUlkñúgkabUbKWesovePAkMNt;ehtuRbcaMéf¶enH ehIybnÞab;mkeTot bMBg;
mUrsk;[rYj kEnSgéd esovePAeron Rkassitsk;mYy ehIynigsMbuRtcas;²mYycMnYn. kar
KitGMBIkareTAlak;xøÜneFVI[citþ´GMBl;xVl;xVay ´)anjat;rbs;qáÜt²eTAkñúgsMeBotsalarbs;´
Et´minesaksþayeT. ´KitBIkarcgcaMCagsemøókbMBak;.
TIbMput ):a)anmkdl;pÞHRbEhlCaem:agR)aM ehIyeyIg)anTUrs½BÞeTAelak ekøm:g;
edIm,IesñI[Kat;mkenAeBlenaH. elak v:an; daGan )anecjeTArk emob. emob )anmkdl;
edayRtLb;eTAvijCamYynUvkabUbmYyeBjeTAedayEs,keCIg semøókbMBak; GavFM exaGavkñúg
ehIynigeRsameCIg ehIysnüafa nwgRtLb;mkvijenAyb;enaH. bnÞab;BIenaHmkpÞHrbs;eyIg
)anERbeTACas¶b;s¶at;CafμI. ):a m:ak; m:ahÁút ehIynig´ KμanGñkNaXøancg;júaMGIeT. GakasFatu
mansPaBs¥úHs¥ab;enAeLIy ehIyGVI²TaMgGs;xusEbøkBIFmμtaxøaMgNas;.
eyIg)anCYlbnÞbF; CM an;elIrbs;eyIg[eTAelak ehÁalsμtI GayuxgÞ s; amsibqñaM Edl)an
ElglHRbBn§ ehIyEdlRbEhlCaKat;KμanGVIeFVIeTenAl¶acenaH)anCaKat;mkniyayelg
CamYyeyIgrhUtdl;em:agdb; edayeyIgKμanmeFüa)ayedaHxønÜ BIKat;)aneLIy eTaHCaeyIg)an
niyayRBlyBaküdak;Kat;y:agNak¾eday.
emob nig eCn hÁIs )anmkdl;enAem:agdb;mYy. emob eFVIkar[Rkúmh‘unrbs;):a taMgBIqñaM
1933 nig)ankøayCamitþd¾CitsñiT§mñak;dUcKñanwg eCn sVamIrbs;Kat;EdleTIberobkarfμI²Edr.
elIkenHdUcelIkmunG‘IcwgEs,keCIg eRsameCIg esovePA nig exaGavkñúg)ankb;)at;eTAkñúgkabUb
rbs; emob nigehae):AFM²rbs; eCn. enAem:agdb;mYynigsamsibnaTI emob nig eCn k¾ecjeTA
)at;eTot.
´Gs;kmøaMgy:aglðitélð ehIyeTaHCa´)andwgfa enHCayb;cugeRkayEdl´)aneKgelI
ERKpÞal;xøÜnrbs;´ k¾éKglk;Pøam ehIyTal;Etm:ak;mkdas;énAem:agR)aMnigsamsibnaTIRBwk
eTIb´PJak;dwgxøÜn. sMNagl¥ éf¶enaHmins¥úHs¥ab;dUcéf¶GaTitüeT. ePøóg)anFøak;eBjmYyéf¶. ):a
m:ak; m:ahÁút nig´ )anesøókBak;exaGavCaeRcInCan; hak;dUcCaeyIgkMBugsßitenAkñúgTUTwkkkd¾
EsnRtCak;G‘Icwg ehIykaresøókBak;dUcenH KWRKan;EtmaneKalbMNgnaMyksemøókbMBak;TaMgenH

eTACamYyEtb:ueNÑaH. KμanCnCatiCVIhVNamñak;EdlsßitenAkñúgsßanPaBdUcBYkeyIg h‘anRbfuycak
ecjBIpÞHrbs;xøÜnedaymankan;va:lismYyeBjeTAedaysemøókbMBak;eLIy. ´Bak;GavkñúgBIr
exaRTnab;bI sMBt;r:UbmYy ehIyEfmBIelIhñwg sMBt;hSúIbmYy GavFMmYy GavePøógmYy eRsameCIg
BIrKU Es,keCIgsRmab;Bak;kñúgrdUvrgamYyKU mYkkatwbmYy kEnSgrMukmYy nigGVI²CaeRcIneTot.
´fb;degðImtaMgBImuneBlecjBIpÞHemø:H EtKμannrNamñak;xVl;xVaysYr´fa etI´manGarmμN_y:agNa
eT.
m:ahÁút Edljat;esovePAerondak;eBjkabUbrbs;Kat; )aneTAykkg;enAkEnøgdak;kg;
ehIyKat;k¾CiHeTAkEnøgEdl´min)ansÁal; edayman emob CiHkg;enAxagmux. ´BitCaminTan;dwgBI
eKalbMNgénkarlak;xøÜnrbs;eyIgenAeLIyeT.
enAem:agR)aMBrI nigsamsibnaTI eyIgbiTTVarBIeRkayeyIg. qμarbs;´ mYreC CastVmanCIvti
EtmYyKt;Edl ńiyayla. eyIg)anlixitmYyc,ab;Tuk[elak ehÁalsμIt mYreC [Kat;ykeTA
epJIenApÞHGñkCitxagedaysgÇwm mYreC nwgmanCRmkd¾l¥mYy.
ERKEdlK~ankRmal)an GahareBlRBwkEdlenAsl;elItu sac;mYydMusRmab;qμaenAkñúgpÞH
)ayTaMgGs;enHbBa¢ak;fa eyIg)ancakecjTaMgRbjab;Rbjal;. b:uEnþeyIgminrvl;nwgkarcab;
GarmμN_TaMgGs; GVIEdleyIgRtÚvkarKWcakecjBITIenHeTA[q¶ay nigeTA[dl;eKaledAeday
suvtßiPaB ehIyKμanGVIeRkABIenHeT.
éf¶Es¥kCYbKñaeTot.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶RBhs,t× TI9 Exkkáda qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
eyIg)anCYbKñaeTotehIy. ):a m:ak; ehIynig´ edIrkat;ePøógEdlFøak;ex¢ak²edaymñak;²
mans<aykabUbsalamYy nigfg;dak;vtßúmYyEdljat;eBjeTAedayrbs;rbrcEmøk²eLIgeBj
ehordl;mat;fg;. mnusSmñaedIrtampøÚveTAeFVIkarenAevlaRBlwm )anRkeLkemIlmkeyIg
edaykþIGaNitGasUr. eyIgGacdwgtamTwkmuxrbs;BYkeKfa BYkeKesaksþayEdlBYkeKminGac
pþl;[eyIgnUvmeFüa)ayeFVIdMeNIrNamYy)an. páayelOg¬páayBak;sRmab;smÁal;BYkCn
22 Gan;E®hVg
CatiCIVhV¦ )anbBa¢ak;BIerOgenHlμmRKb;RKan;ehIy.
manEtenAeBledIrtampøÚvb:ueNÑaH Edl):anigm:ak;)anbegðIbR)ab;bnþicmþg²nUvEpnkarrbs;
Kat;edIm,Ilak;xøÜnrbs;eyIg. taMgBIeRcInExmkehIy eyIg)anerIeRKÓgsgðarim nigsemøókbMBak;
ecjBIpÞHtamEdleyIgGaceFVI)an. tamEpnkar BYkeyIg)anRBmeRBogKñafanwgeTAlak;xøÜnenAéf¶
TI16 Exkkáda. edaysarEtdIkaekaHrbs; m:ahÁút )aneFVI[EpnkarecjdMeNIrrbs;eyIgcab;epþIm
munkalkMNt;db;éf¶. enaHmann½yfa eyIgnwgRtÚvEtrs;enAkñúgElVgbnÞb;EdlminsUvman
sNþab;Fñab;edayxanmin)an.
kEnøglak;xøÜnzitenAkñúgGKareFVIkarrbs;):a. sRmab;GñkxageRkAKWBi)akyl;bnþic enAeBl
EdleKminsÁal;BIsßanPaBenATIenaH dUecñHńwgBnül;xøH². GñkeFVIkarkñúgkariyal½yrbs;):aman
mineRcIneT manEtelak XuKø½r emob ehIynigGñkvayGgÁúlIelx GayuémÖbIqñaMmñak;eQμaH ebb v:UsÁÚ
b:ueNÑaH. BYkeKsuT§EtdwgBIkarmkrbs;eyIg. elak v:UsÁÚ ):arbs; ebb EdleFVIkarenAkñúgXøaMg
CamYynwgGñkerobcMTMnijBIrnak;eyIgminR)ab;GñkTaMgbI[dwgeT.
enHKWCakarerobrab;GMBIGKarenaH. enACan;eRkammanXøaMgFMmYyEdleRbIeFVICabnÞb;eFVIkar
nigkEnøgdak;GIv:an; ehIyRtÚvEbgEckCabnÞb;epSg²mYycMnYneTotdUcCabnÞb;sþúkGIv:an; bnÞb;kin
eRKÓgeTs páakøaMBU nig eRmc ehIynigeRKÓgeTssuINamIn8.
enAEk,rTVarXøagM manTVarxageRkAmYyepSgeTot EdlCaRckcUledayELkeTAkñgú kariyal½y.
enABIxagkñúgTVarkariyal½yenH manTVarTIBIreTot ehIybnÞab;BIenaHmanCeNþIreLIgeTACan;xagelI.
eBleLIgCeNþrI dl;xagelI eKnwgeTAdl;BmI xu TVarkBa©ke; RKImRsGab;my Y EdlenAelIenaHmansresr
« »
GkSr kariyal½y CaGkSrBN’exμA. enHKWCakariyal½yFMxagmux FMEmnETn PøWEmnETn ehIy
manrbs;rbreBjbnÞb;. ebb emob nig elak ekøm:g; eFVIkarenAkEnøgenaHenAeBléf¶. eRkayBI
qøgkat;bnÞb;lycUlkñúgCBa¢aMg EdlmanTUEdkmYy TUBüÜrexaGavmYy nigTUcanFMmYy ÉgnwgeTAdl;
kariyal½ytUcxageRkay Edlggwtnighb;. BImun elak v:an; daGan nig elak XuKr½ø Føab;enAeFVI
karCamYyKñakñgú bnÞbe; nH b:Eu nþsBVéf¶enH elak XuKr½ø CaGñkkan;kab;Etmñak;ÉgKt;. eKGaceTAdl;
kariyal½yrbs;elak XuKø½r pgEdr edayedIreTAtampøÚvrebog b:uEnþ )anEttamTVarkBa©k;mYyEdl
ebIk)anBIxagkñúgb:ueNÑaH b:uEnþminGacebIkBIxageRkAeLIy. cab;BkI ariyal½yelak XuKr½ø edayedIr
8 eRKÓgeTsmü:agEdleFVIBIxøwmeQIduHenAtMbn;GasuIGeKñy_.
eTAtampøvÚ rebogd¾ceg¥ótEvgmYy ehIykat;tamkEnøgdak;FüÚgfμ rYceLIgCeNþrI bYnkaM ÉgnwgeXIjvtßú

mantémøCaeRcInrbs;GKarTaMgmUl nigkariyal½yeFVkI arpÞal;xnÜø . eRKÓgtuTUeFVIBIeQIGakah‘SÚd¾l¥
RbNIt kRmalRBMRkalpÞal;\dæ viTüú cegáógRbkbedayk,Úrk,ac; GV²I suTE§ tlMdab;elxmYyTaMg
Gs;. enACab;kariyal½ypÞal;xøÜn KWCapÞH)ayd¾FMTUlaymYyEdlmanm:asIunkMedAmYy nig
c®gáanhÁasBIr ehIyenAEk,renaHKWCabnÞb;TwkmYy. hñwgKWCan;TIBIr.
BIpvÚø rebogxageRkam manCeNþrI eQImy Y EdlnaMeyIgeLIgeTAdl;Can;TbI .I enAxagelICeNþrI
KWCakEnøgrabesμImYyEdlmanTVarenAsgxag. xageqVgédnwgnaMÉgeTArkbnÞb;enACab;pøÚv EdlCa
kEnøgTukbRmugeRKÓgeTs bnÞb;Cab;dMbUl bnÞb;sáak9 enAEpñkxagmux EdlsßitenAeRkamdMbUlpÞH.
CeNþIrTUeTArbs;huløg;mYyEdlecatxøaMg nigBi)akeLIg nwgnaMcuHBITIFøaxagmuxpÞHeq<aHeTAkan;TVar
mYyeTotEdlebIkecjeTAcMpøÚvEtmþg.
« »
TVarxagsþaMédénkEnøgrabesμICeNþIr KWnaMeTA GKarbEnßmsm¶at; enAeRkaypÞH. KμannrNa
mñak;sgS½yfa manbnÞb;CaeRcInlak;xøÜnenABIeRkayTVarBN’RbepHd¾samBaØenHeLIy. manEt
CeNþIrmYykaMenAmuxTVar ehIybnÞab;mkÉgcUldl;xagkñúgehIy. Rtg;BImuxpøÚvcUl KWmanCeNþIr
ecatmYy. xageqVgKWCapøÚvedIrtUcmYyeq<aHeTAbnÞb;mYy EdlbRmúgTuksRmab;eFVIbnÞb;TTYlePJóv
nigbnÞb;eKgrbs;RKÜsar E®hVg. enACab;bnÞb;enH KWCabnÞb;tUcCageKmYy EdlCabnÞb;eKgnig
bnÞb;sikSarbs;®sþIv½yekμgBIrnak;énRKÜsar E®hVg. eTAxagsþaMCeNþIr KWCabnÞb;TwkKμanbg¥ÜcmYy
EdlmankEnøglublagmuxnigéd. TVarenAkac;RCúg nwgnaMeyIgeTAkan;bgÁn; ehIyTVarmYyeToteq<aH
eTAkan;bnÞb;rbs;eyIg KW m:ahÁút nig´. enAxagelICeNIþr eBlEdleKebIkTVar eKnwgPJak;ep¥Il
edayeXIjkñúgGKarcMNas;EbbenH nUvbnÞb;mYyEdlFMTUlay PøW nigRsLHEbbenH. kñúgbnÞb;enH
manc®gáanLmYy ¬karBitvaCakEnøgEdlFøab;eRbICaTIBiesaFn_rbs;elak XuKø½r kalBImun¦ nig
epIglagcanmYy. dUecñH bnÞb;enHnwgkøayCapÞH)ay nigCabnÞb;eKgrbs;elak nigelakRsI v:an;
daGan bnÞb;TTYlePJóvTUeTA bnÞb;júaMGahar nigCabnÞb;sikSarbs;eyIgTaMgGs;KñaEdr. bnÞb;tUc
CageKmYysRmab;edIrqøgkat;nwgkøayeTACabnÞb;eKgrbs; pitF½r v:an; daGan. mü:ageTotenA
xagmuxénGKarenHmanbnÞb;sáakmYy nigbnÞb;Cab;dMbUlmYy. dUecñH Ég)anyl;ehIy. \LÚv
´)anbgðaj XIFI [sÁal;GKarbEnßmsm¶at;TaMgmUlrbs;eyIgEdlKYr[cUlcitþ¡
Gan; rbs; XIFI
9 bnÞb;sRmab;dak;GIv:an; enAeRkamdMbUlpÞH.
24 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶suRk TI10 Exkkáda qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
´RbEhlCaeFVI[ XIFI FujRTan;nwgkarerobrab;EvgGnøayGMBIpÞHrbs;éhIy Et´
enAEtKitfa XIFI KYrEtdwgfa TIbMputńwgeTAdl;Na. etI´mkdl;TIenHy:agdUcemþc KWCaerOgmYy
Edl XIFI nwgyl;tamsMbuRteRkay²eTotrbs;´.
b:uEnþdMbUg ´sUmbnþerOgrbs;´sin eRBaHdUc XIFI dwgehIyerOgenHminTan;cb;eT.
eRkayBIBYkeyIg)anmkdl;pÞHelx 263 RBInsige®hÁt emob )anRbjab;naMBYkeyIgedIrkat;
tamRckEvg ehIyeLIgCeNþrI eQIeTAkan;Can;bnÞab;rcY cUleTAkñgú GKarbEnßm biTTVarBIeRkayBYkeyIg
ehIyBYkeyIg)ansßti enAkñgú enaHEtÉg. m:ahÁtú )anCiHkg;mkdl;mnu yUrehIy²kMBgu rg;caMBkY eyIg.
bnÞb;TTYlePJóv nigbnÞb;epSgeTotTaMgGs;rbs;BYkeyIg eBareBjedayKMnrrbs;rbrRcbUk
Rcbl;EdlminGacBiBN’na)an. RbGb;Rkdaskatug EdlRtÚvepJIeTAkariyal½ykñúgGMLúgb:unμanEx
mun enAKrBaseBjelI\dænigelIERK. bnÞb;tUcmYyeTotRtÚvdak;eBjENnedaykRmalBUk nig
eRsamexñIyBIeRkamdl;Bidan. yb;enH ebIBYkeyIgcg;eKgelIERKEdlerobcMy:agsmrmü eyIg
RtÚvEtcab;epþImykvtßúEdleTIsETgecj ehIyerobKMnrRcbUkRcbl;[erobryeday\tbg¥g;.
m:ak; nig m:ahÁút ht;eLIgGs;édGs;eCIg. GñkTaMgBIr)ansNþÚkxøÜny:agTurn;TuraenAelIERK cMENk´
k¾mindwgeFVIGIeTotEdr. b:uEnþ):anig´TaMgBIrnak;EdlCaGñkerobcM[mansNþab;Fñab;enAkñúgRKÜsar
manbMNgcab;epþImerobcMedayElgrg;caMeTotehIy.
eyIg)ancMNayeBleBjmYyéf¶edIm,IRsayRbGb;katug erobbMeBjTUcan ¬EdlenA
Cab;CBa¢aMg¦ dMEdkeKal nigerobcMKMnrvtßúEdlRcbUkRcbl;[erobry rhUtdl;yb; CaeBlEdl
eyIgGs;kmøaMgdYledkelIERKs¥atrbs;eyIg. BYkeyIgmin)anjúaMGaharEdlcm¥inPøam²eBj
mYyéf¶ b:uEnþerOgenHeyIgminxVl;eT m:ak; nig m:ahÁút Gs;kmøaMgxøaMgNas; ehIytantwgkñúgGarmμN_
rhUtminGacjúaMGahar)an cMENk):anig´k¾rvl;Nas;Edr.
RBwkéf¶GgÁar BYkeyIgcab;epþImerobcMRtg;kEnøgEdleyIgQb;eFVIkalBIéf¶c½nÞ. ebb nig
emob )anecjTArkTijmðÚbGaharedayeRbIb½NÑrbbes,ógrbs;eyIg. ):a)anerobcMeFVI[r)aMg
bg¥Ücl¥Cagmun. BYkeyIgdusCUtkRmal\dæpÞH)ay ehIyCafμImþgeTot BYkeyIgrvl;taMgBIéf¶rH
dl;éf¶lic. dUecñHrhUtmkdl;éf¶BuF ´Kμan»kasTal;EtesaHedIm,IKitKUrBIkarERbRbÜlFM²Edl
ekItmaneLIgenAkñúgCIvitrbs;´. CaelIkdMbUgehIytaMgBIeBleyIgmkdl;kñúgGKarbEnßmsm¶at;
26 Gan;E®hVg
Edl´man»kasr:ayr:ab;R)ab; XIFI GMBIRBwtþikarN_epSg² nig)andwgGMBIGVIEdlekItmaneLIg

cMeBaH´ ehIynigGVIEdlnwgekIteLIgcMeBaHÉfmeTot.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶esAr_ TI11 Exkkáda qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
):a m:ak; ehIynig m:ahÁút enAEtminGacTmøab;)annwgsMeLgvayrbs;naLikae):alevsÞ½rtU-
ern EdlR)ab;eBlem:ageyIgerogral;db;R)aMnaTImgþ . cMENk´vijxusBIBkY Kat; ćUlcitnþ aLika
e):alenHtaMgBIdMbUgem:øH vabeBa©jsMeLgEdlKYr[TukcitþNas; CaBiessenAeBlyb;. XIFI
R)akdCacg;dwgnUvGVIEdl´KitcMeBaHkarlak;xøÜnenH. eNðIy GVITaMgGs;Edl´GacniyayR)ab;Ég
)anKWfa énAminTan;dwgenAeLIyeT. éCOfa ńwgmincab;GarmμN_GVITaMgGs;enAkñúgpÞHenHdUcenAkñúg
pÞHéT EthñwgminEmnmann½yfa ´s¥b;pÞHenHeLIy. b:uEnþ vamanlkçN³dUcCaeyIgkMBugsßitkñúg
visSmkalrbs;eyIg. enHRbEhlCaKMnitcEmøkmYycMeBaHkarrs;enAlak;xøÜn b:uEnþeFVIem:cebIerOg
vaG‘IcwgeTAehIyenaH. GKarbEnßmKWCakEnøglak;xøÜnmYyEdll¥bMput. GKarbEnßmmansPaBesIm
nigragcEmøk b:uEnþRbEhlCaKμankEnøglak;xøÜnNamYyRsYlCagenHeT enAkñúgTIRkúgGamsÞWdam TaMg
mUl. eT+¡ enAkñúgRbeTshuløg;TaMgmUl.
CamYyCBa¢aMgKμanbiTGVIesaHrbs;va bnÞb;eKgrbs;eyIgmansPaBTeTs¥atEmnETn.
edaysarEt):a Edl)annaMykkatb:sU aþ l;* TaMgGs;rbs;´ ehIynigrUbtaraPaBynþEdl´snSMTku
mkTIenHCamun ehIyedaysarEtCk;mYynigkavmYykMb:ug ´GacbiTrUbPaB)aneBjCBa¢aMgEdleFVI
[bnÞb;enHemIleTAKYr[cUlcitþCagmun. enAeBlRKÜsar v:an; daGan mkrs;enACMuKña eyIgGaceFVI
TUcan ehIynigrbs;kMbuikkMb:ukepSgeTot CamYynwgeQIEdlKrTukkñúgsáak.
m:ahÁút nig m:ak;)anCaRsYlbYleLIgvijbnþicehIy. mSilmij m:ak;manbMNgcab;epþImcUl
c®gáan)ayCafμI edIm,IeFVIs‘ubsENþk)araMgCaelIkdMbUg b:uEnþkñúgeBlEdlm:ak;Cab;niyayeRBak
R)aCJenAxageRkam m:ak;k¾ePøcKitBIsmøs‘ub. sENþkRtÚvexøacexμA ehIyeTaHCaxMekasy:agNak¾
eday k¾minGaceFVI[sENþkexøacTaMgGs;enaHrbkecjBIxÞH)anEdr.
yb;mji BYkeyIgTaMgbYnnak;)ancuHeTAkariyal½ypÞal;xnÜø nigebIkviTüúsaþ b;Bt’manBIRbeTs
*
vtßúGnusSavrIy_sRmab;epJIsarxøI²edaycMhrtaméRbsNIy_
Gg;eKøs. ´P½yxøacNas; edayKitfa nrNamñak;GacB¤sMeLgviTüú. dUecñH´k¾GgVr):a[eLIgeTA

elIvijCamYy´[xagEt)an. m:ak;yl;kar)armÖrbs;´ k¾eLIgeTACamYyÉdr. BYkeyIgeFVIGVI²
k¾eday KWBYkeyIgxøacGñkCitxagB¤ b¤eXIjeyIgNas;. enAéf¶dMbUg BYkeyIgcab;epþImedrvaMgnn.
tamkarBit eKBi)aknwgehAfavaMgnnNas; eRBaHfavaMgnnenaH RKan;EtCabMENkRkNat;tUc²
TMhnM gi KuNPaBxus²Kñab:eu NÑaH EdlBYkeyIgedrP¢ab;Kañ . ):anigédrevoccuHevoceLIg edaysarEt
BYkeyIgminmanCMnajxagedrenH. sñaédTaMgGs;enHRtÚvykeTA)aMgbg¥ÜcTaMgGs;rhUtdl;TIbBa©b;
énkarlak;xøÜnrbs;BYkeyIg.
GKareRcInCan;enAxagsþaM KWCasaxamYyrbs;RKwHsßanCMnYj ekk mkBITIRkúg hSaGandam10
ehIyGKarenAxageqVg KWCasib,kmμeFVeI RKÓgsgðarimmYy. eTaHCaBYkGñkeFVkI arminenAkñgú kEnøgenaH
eRkayem:ageFVIkark¾eday k¾sMeLgxøHEdlBYkeyIgbgáeLIgGacnwgqøgtamCBa¢aMg B¤eTAdl;Edr.
dUecñHBYkeyIg)anham m:ahÁút min[k¥kenAeBlyb;eT eTaHbICaKat;RtÚvyayIeday
CMgWpþasayFMk¾eday ehIyBYkeyIg)an[Kat;pwkfñaMk¥kRbePTkUedGuInkñúgcMnYny:ageRcIn.
´kMBugrg;caMy:agsb,aycitþNas; cMeBaHkarmkdl;rbs;RKÜsar v:an; daGan EdlRbúgnwg
mkenAéf¶GgÁar. eyIgnwgsb,ayCagenHeTot ehIyminsUves¶óms¶at;dUcG‘IcwgeT. Égyl;eT
KWPaBes¶óms¶at;enHehIy EdleFVI[´manGarm~N_ecHEtPitP½yenAeBlla¶cnigyb; ehIyńwg
pþl;kéRmy:ageRcInedIm,I[GñkkarBareyIgmñak;mkenATIenH.
enATIenH eyIgrs;enAminsUvBi)akeT BIeRBaHBYkeyIgGaceFVImðÚbedayxøÜnÉg ehIyGacsþab;
viTüúenACan;eRkamkñúgkariyal½yrbs;):a. elak ekøm:g; nig emob RBmTaMg ebb v:UsÁÚ )anCYyeyIg
eRcInEmnETn. BYkeyIg)anRckkMb:ugCaeRscnUv rU)ab11 Epø®sþÚbWrI nig EpøsWrICaeRcIn ehIy
sRmab;eBlenH ´Kitfa eyIgRbEhlCanwgFujRTan;eTAehIy. eyIgk¾manGVI²RKb;RKan;sRmab;
Gan ehIyeyIgnwgeTATijEl,gelgCaeRcInEfmeTot. R)akdEmnehIy BYkeyIgBMuGacemIleTA
eRkAtambg¥Ücb¤ecjeTAeRkAenaHeLIy. enAeBléf¶ BYkeyIgRtÚvedIredaycugeCIgnigniyay
tic²Cab;CaRbcaM edIm,IkMu[mnusSenACan;eRkamGacB¤sñÚrsMeLg.
mSilmij BYkeyIgrvl;eFVIkary:agxøaMg. BYkeyIgRtÚvqáwHykRKab;ecjBIEpøsWrIcMnYnBIrLaMg
sRmab;shRKaselak XuKr½ø edayKat;cg;ykeTAeFVCI aeRKÓgkMbgu: . BYkeyIgnwgeRbILaMgTeTrbs;
10 RkúgmYyénRbeTshuløg;xaglic zitenAxagliceqogBay½BüénTIRkúgGamsÞWdam.
11 dMNaMdaMenAkñúgsYnc,armanEmkBN’ébtg b¤ RkhmeRBÓg Gaccm¥ineFVIbEg¥m.
28 Gan;E®hVg
EpøsWrIeFVICaeFñIrdak;esovePA.
manmnusSkMBugehA´.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
karminGacecjeTAeRkA)anenaH )aneFVI[´twgRTÚgrkGVIeRbóbpÞwmmin)an ehIy´P½yxøacNas; ERkg
eKrkeXIjBYkeyIg ehIyykeyIgeTA)aj;smøab;ecal. enHBitCaTsSn³mYyKYr[segVKxøaMgNas;.

mYyExmkehIy BYkeKTaMgGs;rak;Tak;nwgŃas; BIeRBaHEtCaéf¶xYbkMeNItrbs;´ ehIy
CagenHeTAeTot ´dwgxøÜnfa erogral;éf¶ ´dUcCaXøatq¶aybnþic BIm:ak; nig m:ahÁút. sBVéf¶enH
´xMeFVIkarNas; ehIyBYkeKTaMgGs;)anniyaybeBa¢ar´ ehIyR)aMnaTIeRkay BYkeKcab;epþIm
sþIbenÞas[´vij.
ÉgGaceXIjPaBxusKñay:aggay rvagrebobEdlBYkeKykcitþTukdak;CamYy m:ahÁút nig
rebobEdlBYkeKykcitTþ ku dak;CamYy´. ]TahrN_ m:ahÁtú eFV[I xUcm:asunI bUmFUlI ehIyedaysar
«
EterOgenaH BYkeyIgKμanGKÁisnIeRbIeBjmYyéf¶. m:ak;RKan;Etniyayfa GW m:ahÁút RKan;Etb:uNÑwg
dwgehIyfa kUnÉgminFøab;eFVIkar ebImindUecñaHeT kUnÉgnwgminTajExSePøIg edIm,IdkDuyePøIgBnøt;
»
m:asuInbUmFUlIy:agdUecñHeT . m:ahÁút )aneqøIytbxøH² ehIyerOgk¾cb;eTA.
b:uEnþenAeBlresolenH ´manbMNgkt;RtataragbBa¢IeLIgpSarrbs;m:ak;mYyEpñkeLIgvij
BIeRBaHGkSrsresrédrbs;ma: k;B)i akGanxøagM Nas; b:Eu nþma: k;mni [´sresreT. m:ak;)ansþbI enÞas
[ý:agKYr[QWcab; ehIyTIbBa©b;RKÜsarTaMgmUlERbeTACaRcbUkRcbl;edaysarerOgenH.
´mindUcBYkeKeT ehIy´mankaryl;dwgc,as;las;Nas;BIbBaðaenH CaBiessenA
eBlcugeRkayenH. BYkeKmanmenaseBa©tnaCamYyKñaxøaMgNas; b:uEnþćUlcitþmanmenaseBa©tna
Etmñak;ÉgCag. mü:ageTog BYkeKniyayminQb;fa vaCakarRbéBem:øHeT EdlBYkeyIgTaMgbYnnak;
RtÚvKña nigcuHsRmugnwgKñaxøagM Nas; b:Eu nþBkY eKBM)u annwkKitfa minmanGarm~NE_ bbenHeT.
yUr²mþg ):aKWCamnusSEtmñak;Kt;Edlyl;citþ´ b:uEnþCaTUeTA ):akan;eCIgm:ak; nig m:ahÁút
Cag. mü:ageTot ´minGacRTaM)aneT EdlenAmuxGñkdéT BYkeKniyayerobrab;fa ýMERsk b¤fa
ĆamnusSRbkbedayvicarNBaØaN. RbkarenHeFVI[´kñaj;xøaMgEmnETn. ehIyenAeBlBYkeK
niyayGMBI mYreC KWeFVI[´minGacTTYl)anesaH. mYreC CacMNucexSay nigCacMNucresIbrbs;

´. ńwk mYreC RKb;naTI ehIyKμannrNamñak;dwgfa ´KitGMBI mYreC b:unNaeT. eBlNa´KitGMBIva
EPñkrbs;éBareBjedayTwkEPñk. mYreC Tn;Pøn;KYr[cUlcitþNas; ehIy´Rslaj; mYreC y:ag
xøaMg rhUteFVI[´Kitfa vanwgRtLb;mkrkBYkeyIgvij.
ÉtgmanKMnitrevIrvayCanic© b:uEnþkarBitKWfa BYkeyIgRbEhlCaRtÚvsñak;enATIenH rhUt
Tal;Ets®gÁamcb;. BYkeyIgBMumansiT§iecjeTAxageRkA)aneT ehIyGacTTYlePJóv RtwmEt emob
sVamIrbs;Kat;KW eCn ebb v:UsÁÚ elak v:UsÁÚ elak XuKø½r elak ekøm:g; nigRbBn§Kat;b:ueNÑaH b:uEnþ
elakRsI ekøm:g; min)anmkeT eRBaHelakRsIKitfa vaeRKaHfñak;xøaMgNas;.
eyabl;Edl Gan; bEnßmkñúgExkBaØa qñaM1942³

):aCamnusSKYr[Rslaj;Canic©. ):ayl;GMBI´\tex©aH ehIy´sUm[eyIgGacniyayCamYyKñay:ag
es~aHRtg; edayKμankarERskyM. b:uEnþRbEhlCakarERskyMenH CabBaðav½ymYy. ćg;cMNayeBl
evlaTaMgGs;rbs;édIm,Isresr b:uEnþkarsresrenH nwgRbEhlCaeFIV[FujRTan;.
rhUtmkdl;\LÚv ´)anRtwmEtkt;RtaKMnitepSg²dak;kñúgesovkMNt;ehturbs;´b:ueNÑaH. énAEt
minTan;)ansresrerOgehtud¾KYr[cg;esIc Edl´GacGanB¤²eLIgvijnAeBlxagmux. b:Eu nþGN M Hw teTA ńwg
BüayammincMNayeBlevlaeRcIn edIm,IGENþtGNþgÚ tammenaseBa©tnarbs;xøÜneT b:uEnþńwgKit[)aneRcIn
GMBItfPaBCak;Esþg.
éf¶suRk TI14 ExsIha qñaM1942

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
´)anTuk XIFI ecalGs;mYyExeBj b:uEnþvaminsUvmanGVIekIteLIgeT ehIyBMumandMNwg
mantémøsmnwgykmkR)ab;Égerogral;éf¶eLIy. RKÜsar v:an; daGan )anmkdl;enAéf¶TI13
Exkkáda. BYkeyIgKitfa RKÜsar v:an; daGan nwgmkenAéf¶TIdb;bYn b:uEnþBIéf¶TIdb;bIeTAéf¶TIdb;R)aMmYy
BYkGaløWm:g;)aneFVI[mnusSP½ysøn;esøakan;EtxøaMgeLIg edaybBa¢ÚndIkaekaHeTARKb;TIkEnøg.
ehtudUecñHehIy eTIbeFVI[RKÜsar v:an; daGan seRmccitþfaKYrEtecjdMeNIrmunmYyéf¶RbesIrCag
ecjeRkaymYyéf¶.
pitF½r )anmkdl;enAem:agR)aMbYnnigsamsibnaTIRBwk ¬eBlEdlBYkeyIgkMBugjúaMGahar
30 Gan;E®hVg
eBlRBwkenAeLIy¦. kUnRbúsrbs;RKÜsar v:an; daGan manGayuCitdb;R)aMmYyqñaM CaekμgRbús

CMTg;eGoneRbóneRcIn EdlenACamYyk¾min)anRbeyaCn_eRcInEdr. elaknigelakRsI v:an; daGan
)anmkdl;knøHem:ageRkay. GVIEdleFVI[eyIgGs;sMeNIcCaxøaMgenaHKW elakRsI v:an; daGan )an
yYrRbGb;mYkmYyEdlmankenßarenamFMmYyenAxagkñúg. elakRsI v:an; daGan lan;mat;fa ´min«
»
manGarmμN_RsYleT ebIKμankenßarenH ehIymü:ageTot vaCarbs;TImYyEdlrkeXIjkEnøgsm
KYrmYyenAeRkamERK. cMENkelak v:an; daGan BMumanyYrkenßarsRmab;Kat;eT b:uEnþKat;keNþót
tusRmab;pwkEtEdlGacbt;)anmYyeTAvij.
enAéf¶dMbUg BYkeyIg)anjúaMGaharCamYyKñakñúgGarmμN_sb,ayrIkray ehIykñúgry³eBl
bIéf¶ BYkeyIgTaMgR)aMBIrnak;manGarmμN_fa )ankøayCaRKÜsarFMmYy. CaFmμta RKÜsar v:an;
daGan manerOgy:ageRcInEdlRtÚvniyayR)ab;eyIgGMBIRBwtþikarN_mYys)aþh_EdleyIg)ancak
ecjputBIsgÁmsuIvIl½yrbs;eyIgmunBYkKat;. eyIgCk;citþCaBiess cMeBaHGVIEdlRKÜsar v:an;
daGan )anR)ab;eyIgGMBIpÞHElVgrbs;eyIg nig elak ehÁalsμIt.
«
elak v:an; daGan )anerobrab;lm¥itR)ab;BYkeyIg³ RBwkéf¶c½nÞ evlaem:agR)aMbYn elak
ehÁalsμIt )anTUrs½BÞmk´ edIm,IesñIsMu[eTACYbKat;. ´k¾eTAPøam ehIyeXIjelak ehÁalsμIt
eRkomRkMcitþy:agxøaMg. elak ehÁalsμIt )anbgðajńUvlixitmYyEdlRKÜsar E®hVg )anTuk
ecal ehIyEdlsMu[Kat;naMykqμaeTA[GñkCitxagciBa©wm. Kat;manKeRmagnwgnaMykqμaenaH
eTA[GñkCitxagtambNþaMrbs;RKÜsar E®hVg ehIyrUb´)anyl;RsbfavaCaKMnitl¥mYy. elak
ehÁalsμIt xøacERkgmankarEqkeqrmYy KWehtudUecñHehIy )anCaBYkeyIgnaMKñaedIrBinitüemIlRKb;
bnÞb;TaMgGs; edIm,IerobcM[manreboberobrybnþicenARKb;kEnøg nigykGahareBlRBwkEdlenA
esssl;ecj[Gs;BItu. Rsab;EtéXIjRkdassMeNrxøImYyenAelIturbs;elakRsI E®hVg
edaymansresrGasydæanenARkúgm:aGa®sÞic12. eTaHbICa´dwgfaelakRsI E®hVg Tukvaecal
edayectnak¾eday k¾éFVIeBICamanGakarPJak;ep¥Il nig P½yxøac ehIy´)anbgçM[elak ehÁalsμIt
dutRkdasEdlnaM[maneRKaHfñak;enHecal. rhUtmkTl;eBlenH ´sUmGHGagfa ´mindwgGVITal;
EtesaH BIkarcakecjrbs;Gñk b:uEnþ ´)andwgenAeBlEdl´)aneXIjRkdassMeNrenH.
ńiyayfa «elak ehÁalsμIt ´sμandwgBIGVIEdlTak;TgnwgGasydæanenH. ńwkeXIjy:agc,as;
12 TIRkúgzitenAPUmiPaKGaeKñy_énRbeTshuløg; CitRBMEdnRbeTsEb‘lhSiúk.
faRbEhlCaR)aMmYyExmunenH nayTahanCan;x<s;mñak;)anmkkan;kariyal½y. nayTahanenaH

sÁal;elak E®hVg c,as;Nas;kalBIyuvv½y ehIy)ansnüanwgCYyKat;kñúgkrNIEdlmankar
caM)ac;. dUecñHnayTahanenaHc,as;CamanmUldæanenARkúg m:aGaRsÞic. nayTahanenaH enAcaM
BaküsmþIrbs;Kat; ehIyerobcMCYy[RKÜsar E®hVg qøgeTARbeTsEb‘lhSúik nigbnÞab;mkeTAkan;
RbeTssVIs. vaminxusTas;GVIeT EdlR)ab;erOgenHdl;mitþPkþirbs;RKÜsar E®hVg Edl)anmksYr
GMBIBYkeK ¬RKÜsar E®hVg¦. b:uEnþ min)ac;niyayBIRkúg m:aGaRsÞic eT». bnÞab;BIenaH ´k¾cakecj
mk. PaKeRcInénmitþPkþirbs;Gñk suT§EtRtÚv)anR)ab;BIerOgenH BIeRBaHenAeBleRkaymk erOg
r:avTaMgGs;)anelcB¤mkdl;Rtecok´BImnusSmYycMnYn . »
BYkeyIg)anKitfa vaBitCaKYr[Gs;sMeNIcxøaMgNas; b:uEnþ BYkeyIgkan;EtesIcxøaMgEfm

eTot enAeBlelak v:an; daGan R)ab;BkY eyIgfa mnusSxøHmankarRsemIRsémd¾rs;revIk. ]Tahr-
N_ RKÜsarmYyEdlrs;enAelITIFøapÞHrbs;eyIg)anGHGagfa BYkeKeXIjBYkeyIgTaMgbYnnak;CiHkg;
enAeBlRBlwm ehIy®sþImñak;eTot)anGHGagfa eyIgRtÚv)aneKjat;bBa©ÚlkñúgrfynþkgT½BmYy
kñúgeBlkNþalyb;.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶suRk TI21 ExsIha qñaM1942

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
GKarbEnßmsm¶at;rbs;eyIg )ankøayeTACakEnøgsm¶at;skþismnwgeQμaHenHEmn.
edaysarpÞHCaeRcInkMBgu RtÚv)anEqkeqrrkkg;Edllak;Tku elak XuKr½ø Kitfa ebImanTUdak;esovePA
mYysg;enABImxu RckcUleTAkEnøglak;xnÜø rbs;eyIg KWCakarRbesIr. b:Eu nþTdU ak;esovePAenHRtÚvEt
GacTajbiTebIk)andUcCaTVarmYyG‘Ícwg. elak v:UsÁÚ TTYlbnÞúkeFVITUenH. ¬elak v:UsÁÚ RtÚv)anR)ab;
[dwgfa eyIgTaMgR)aMBIrnak; kMBugsßitenAkñúgsßanPaBlak;xøÜn ehIyelak v:UsÁÚ citþ)anxøaMgNas;¦.
\LÚvenH enAeBleyIgcuHeTACan;eRkam BYkeyIgRtÚvEt»nk,al bnÞab;mk elatecjeTA.
bnÞab;BIry³eBlbIéf¶dMbUg BYkeyIgTaMgGs;KñaeTANamkNasuT§EtmanBkenAelIf¶as edaysar
k,alrbs;BYkeyIgbukTgÁicnwgexøagTVarEdlmankm<s;Tab. bnÞab;mk pitF½r )anykkEnSgmYy
manjat;Gacm_rNareBjmkdMEdkeKalRTab;BIelIeRKagTVar kñúgbMNgedIm,IkMu[bukTgÁick,al
QWeBk. eyIgcaMemIletIva)ankareT¡
32 Gan;E®hVg
´min)aneronsURtGVICadMukMPYneT. ´)anQb;visSmkalrhUtdl;ExkBaØa. bnÞab;mk

):acg;cab;epþImbeRgón´ b:uEnþdMbUg BYkeyIgcaM)ac;RtÚvEtTijesovePAsikSaTaMgGs;sin.
karrs;enArbs;eyIgenATIenHmankarpøas;bþÚrbnþicbnþÜc. enAéf¶enH eK)ankk;sk;[ pitF½r
b:uEnþerOghñwgKμanGIGs©arüeT. elak v:an; daGan nig ´ EtgEteQøaHKñaCanic©. m:ak;EtgEtcat;
Tuk´dUcCakUnEg:tmñak; ehIy´minGacRTaM)annwgerOgenHeLIy. epSgBIenHeToterOgGV²I l¥TaMgGs;.
´minKitfa pitF½r l¥CagmuneT. pitF½r KWCamnusSKYr[FujRTan;mñak; EdledkenAEtelIERKeBj²
mYyéf¶ elIkElgEtKat;eRkakeTAeFVIkic©karCageQIbnþicbnþÜc ehIyRtLb;mkedkvij. mnusS
GIlIelIemø:H¡
RBwkenH m:ak;)ansþIRbedA´KYr[FujmþgeTot ehIy´k¾minGacRTaMRTnwgerOgenHEdr. KMnit
rbs;BYkeyIgmanlkçN³pÞúyKñaRKb;EterOg. ):aKWCamnusSKYrCaTIeBjcitþmñak;. eTaHCaKat;Gac
xwgnwg´kþI kMhwgenaHminEdlmanelIsBIR)aMnaTIeLIy.
enAxageRkA éf¶enHemXRsLHl¥ ehIymanFatuGakasekþA EteTaHCay:agNak¾eday k¾
BYkeyIg)aneqøótykcMeNjBIGakasFatuenHtamEtGaceFVIeTA)an edaysNþÚkxøÜnedkelIERK
bt;enAkñúgsáak.
Gan; rbs; XIFI

fμ²I enH elak v:an; daGan )aneFVlI c¥ eM BaH´xøagM Nas;. ´minniyayGVTI aMgGs; Et´BitCarIkrayEmn
enAeBlKat;eFVIEbbenH.
éf¶BuF TI2 ExkBaØa qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
elaknigelakRsI v:an; daGan )anRbEkkKñay:agxøaMg. ´minFøab;EdleXIjerOgdUecñHBI
mun²mkeT BIeRBaHm:ak;nig):aminEdlERskcMTaldak;KñadUcG‘ÍcwgeLIy. mUlehtuénkareQøaHKña
enH KWedaysarEterOgmYyEdlminsMxan;esaH. vadUcCaKμanRbeyaCn_GI[xatsmþImYy
m:at;eTAelIerOghñwgeT. GU+¡ EmnehIy BYkeKeFVIdUecñaH KWedIm,IbgðajFμúgEterog²xøÜn.
BitehIy vaBi)akxøaMgNas;sRmab; pitF½r EdlsßitenAkNþal b:uEnþ KμannrNamñak;Tuk
pitF½r CamnusSsMxan;eToteT BIeRBaHEt pitF½r rh½stUccitþ ehIyx¢ilRcGUs. mSilmij pitF½r

P½yeqøqøa edaysarGNþatBN’páaQUkrbs;Kat;ERbCaBN’exov. b:uEnþeraKsBaØakRmmanenH
)an)at;eTAvijy:agrh½sdUcEdlva)anekIteLIgEdr. éf¶enH pitF½r )anedIrkmSanþedaybg;Rkma
Rkas;mYyCMuvijk BIeRBaHKat;rwgk minGacgakcuHeLIg)an. elak pitF½r k¾kMBugt¥ÚjR)ab;BIkar
QWcegáHEdr. CaFmμtaelakFMenH ecHEtfÚ¶rQWenHQWenaH QWebHdUg tRmgenam nigsYt min
ecHcb;. niyay[xøI pitF½r KWCamnusSEdlecHEt)armÖBIsuxPaBrbs;xøÜnrhUt¡ ¬enaHKWCaBakü
EdlRtwmRtÚvminfaG‘Ícwg?¦.
m:ak;nigelakRsI v:an; daGan kMBugEtmincuHsRmúgKñab:un~aneT. manehtupllμmRKb;RKan;
sRmab;CemøaHenH. edIm,Ipþl;Ca]TahrN_mYyńwgerobrab;R)ab;fa elakRsI v:an; daGan )anerI
kRmalBUkrbs;Kat;TaMgGs;ecjBITdU ak;rbs;rbrrYm elIkElgEtkRmalBUkbIbeu: NÑaH. elakRsI
v:an; daGan BitCaKitfa kRmalBUknigeRsamexñIyrbs;m:ak; minGaceRbIR)as;)anTaMgBIrRKÜsar
eT. elakRsI v:an; daGan nwgPJak;ep¥Il enAeBlelakRsIdwgfa m:ak;nwgeFVItamKMrUrbs;Kat;.
elIsBIenHeTot elakRsI v:an; daGan xwgxøaMgNas; edaysarEtBYkeyIgeRbIcanB½rsWELn
rbs;Kat;CMnYscanrbs;eyIg. elakRsI v:an; daGan kMBugEtBüayamrkkEnøgEdlBYkeyIgtmál;
Tukcan):atrbs;eyIg canTaMgGs;sßitenACitbegáIyrhUtdl;elakRsI v:an; daGan nwksμanmindl;
eRBaHfa canTaMgGs;enaHsßitenAelIsáakkñúgRbGb;RkdaskatugCaeRcIn xageRkayKMnrsmÖar³
sRmab;pSayBaNiC¢kmμ GUbuikta. drabNa eyIgsßitenAkñúgkarlak;xøÜn elakRsI v:an; daGan
ykcan):atenaHmin)aneT. ehIy G‘Ícwgk¾RsYlEdr¡ edayehtufa ÉtgEteFVI[manGMeBIqÁaMqÁg
Canic© ´)aneFVI[rGilédFøak;EbkcaneKammYyrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan kalBImSilmij.
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan lan;mat;TaMgxwgRceLatfa GU+¡ Gan; minGacRby½tñRbEygCagenH
)aneTb¤Gða? enHCacanEtmYyKt;EdlénAsl; . »
XIFI sUmcgcaMfa ®sþBI rI nak;EdlmanvtþmanenATIenH niyayPasahulgø K; rY [s¥b; ¬´minh‘an

niyayBIGs;elakRbús²eT³ BYkeKnwgRtÚvrgTTYlkarRbmafy:agKYr[QWcab;¦. ebIsin XIFI
sþab;B¤Pasasþab;min)anrbs;eK ÉgnwgesIceLIgTn;xøÜnminxan. eNðIy BYkeyIgQb;ykcitþTuk
dak;nwgerOgenHeToteTA eRBaHeTaHCaeyIgxMEktRmÚvBYkeKy:agNak¾eday k¾vaGt;RbeyaCn_Edr.
eBlNaEdl´dkRsg;yksmþIrbs;m:ak; b¤ rbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan ńwgEksRmÜlsresr
Pasahuløg;[kan;EtRtwmRtÚv CaCagcmøgykBaküsmþIrbs;Kat;TaMgdulEtmþg.
34 Gan;E®hVg
kalBIs)aþh_munman]bTÞvehtutUcmYy )anmkkat;pþac;PaBdEdl²kñúgkarrs;enArbs;
eyIg. karkat;pþac;enH eRBaHEt pitF½r nigesovePAmYyk,alEdlniyayBIerOg®sþI. m:ahÁút
nig pitF½r mansiT§iGanesÞIrEtRKb;esovePATaMgGs; Edlelak ekøm:g; [eyIgx©I. b:uEnþ BYkmnusS
cas;enHrkSaTukesovePABiessenaHsRmab;EtxøÜnÉg. esovePABiessenH )aneFVI[karcg;dwg
cg;eXIjrbs; pitF½r ekItmaneLIgPøam. etIesovePAenaHmanpÞúkxøwmsarGVIeTA)anCaeKham
Xat;? pitF½r )anlYcykesovePABImþayrbs;Kat; kñúgeBlEdlmþayrbs;Kat;kMBugCECkeRBak
R)aCJenACan;eRkam ehIynaMykesovePAenaHeTAGanenAbnÞb;Cab;dMbUl. kñúgry³eBlBIréf¶ GVI²
)anknøgeTAy:agRbesIr. elakRsI v:an; daGan BitCadwgBIkll,icrbs; pitF½r b:uEnþKat;enAes¶óm
minniyayBIerOgenHeT rhUtTal;Etelak v:an; daGan dwgerOgenH. elak v:an; daGan xwg
RceLateLIg Kat;)andkhUtykesovePAenaH ehIysnñidæanfa erOgr:avRtÚv)anbBa©b;. k¾b:uEnþ
elak v:an; daGan min)anKitdl;karcg;dwgcg;eXIjrbs;kUnRbúsKat;eT. pitF½r minxøacerraesaH
eLIycMeBaHRbtikmμy:agTan;hn;rbs;):aKat; ehIy)anKitrkviFIedIm,IGanesovePAd¾KYr[cab;
GarmμN_xøaMgenH[cb;.
enAGMLúgeBlenaH elakRsI v:an; daGan )ansMueyabl;m:ak;BIbBaðaenH. m:ak; yl;eXIj
faesovePAenHBMuEmnCaesovePAmYysRmab; m:ahÁút eT b:uEnþ m:ak;minyl;favanaM[xUcxatGVIeT
EdlGnuBaØat[ m:ahÁút GanesovePAepSg²eTotPaKeRcIn.
«
m:ak;niyayfa Gñkyl;eT elakRsI v:an; daGan vamanPaBxusKñaCaxøaMgrvag m:ahÁút nig
pitF½r. TImYy m:ahÁút CaekμgRsImñak; ehIyekμgRsIEtgEtmanKMnitcas;TMu CagekμgRbús. TIBIr
m:ahÁút Føab;GanesovePAsMxan;²eRcInehIy dUecñH\LÚvEsVgrkGanEtesovePAEdleKhamXat;.
TIbI m:ahÁút manlkçN³ecHKitKUr nig RbkbedayvicarNBaØaNeRcInCagmun edaysarEt m:ahÁút
eronenAÉsalad¾l¥bMputmYyGs;ry³eBlbYnqñaM . »
elakRsI v:an; daGan yl;RsbCamYym:ak; b:uEnþ Kat;enAEtmanKMnitfa CaeKalkarN_

eKminRtÚvbeNþay[ekμg²GanesovePAepSg²sRmab;mnusSeBjv½yeT.
TnÞwmeBlenaH pitF½r )anKitrkeBlevlal¥mYy KWeBlEdlKμannrNamñak;cab;GarmμN_nwg
Kat; b¤esovePAenaH. enAem:agR)aMBIrnigsamsibnaTIyb; kñúgeBlEdlRKÜsarTaMgmUlkMBugsþab;
viTüúenAkñúgkariyal½ypÞal;xøÜn pitF½r )anlYcykesovePAenaHeTAGanenAelIbnÞb;Cab;dMbUl.
pitF½r KYrEtRtLb;mkvijenAem:agR)aMbInigsamsibnaTI b:uEnþ pitF½r Ck;søúgnwgesovePAenaHxøaMg
eBk eTIbePøcKitBIeBlevla ehIyeBlKat;cuHmkdl;Can;eRkamKWcMeBlEdl):arbs;Kat;cUldl;

Etmþg. ehtukarN_bnÞab;BIenaH minmanGVIRtÚvPJak;ep¥IleT³ eRkayBIkarkarTHmYykMepøóg ehIynig
kartwgsréskrdak;Kñabnþic esovePAenaHk¾sßitenAelItu ehIy pitF½r sßitenAelIbnÞb;Cab;dMbUl.
erOgr:avmanEtb:uNÑwg eRBaHdl;eBlEdlRKÜsarCYbCMuKñajúaMGahareBll¶ac. pitF½r sßit
enACan;elI. KμannrNamñak;ykcitþTukdak;nwgKat;eLIy ehIyKat;RtÚvedkGt;)ayehIyyb;enH.
BYkeyIgbnþkarjúaMGaharrbs;eyIgedayCECkKñaelgy:agsb,ay enAeBlEdlsUrsMeLghYc
mYy)anlan;B¤eLIg. BYkeyIgdak;smcuH ehIysmøwgmuxKña. PaBtk;søútGacemIleXIjy:ag
c,as;enAelImuxesøksøaMgrbs;BYkeyIg.
«
bnÞab;mk BYkeyIgB¤seM Lgrbs; pitF½r EdlERsktambMBg;LkemþA³ ńwgmincuHeRkameT¡ . »
elak v:an; daGan sÞúHegIbeLIg edayeFVI[kEnSgCUtmat;rbs;Kat;Føak;eTAelI\dæ ehIy

«
edayxwgeLIgmuxRkhmKat;ERskfa dl;kehIyGj¡ . »
):acab;édelak v:an; daGan Cab; edayxøacERkgmanerOgGaRkk;CagenHekIteLIg ehIy

Kat;TaMgBIrk¾eLIgeTAkan;sáak. bnÞab;BIkarRbtayRbtb;Kña nigTat;Fak;KñarYcmk pitF½r edkQWxøÜn
enAkñúgbnÞb;edaybiTTVarCit ehIyBYkeyIgk¾júaMGaharbnþeToteTA.
elakRsI v:an; daGan cg;TuknMb½ugmYydMu[kUnRbúsCaTIRslaj;rbs;Kat; b:uEnþ elak v:an;
«
daGan minRBm ehIyniyayfa ebIsin pitF½r minsMueTasPøameT pitF½r nwgRtÚveKgkñúgbnÞb;Cab;
»
dMbUlenaH .
BYkeyIg)antv:afa bg¥t;GahareBll¶ac KWCaTNÐkmμlμmRKb;RKan;ehIy. ebI pitF½r
RtÚvrgCMgWpþasayetIy:agem:ceTA? eyIgminGacehARKÚeBTü)aneT.
pitF½r min)ansMueTaseT ehIyk¾RtLb;eTAbnÞb;Cab;dMbUlvij. elak v:an; daGan k¾Elg
cUleRCótERCkkñúgerOgenHeTotEdr b:uEnþ )ankt;smÁal;eXIjenARBwkéf¶bnÞab;fa ERKrbs; pitF½r
manGñkedk. enAem:agR)aMBIr pitF½r )anRtLb;eTAkan;sáakeTot b:uEnþRtÚv)anbBa©úHbBa©Úl[cuHmk
Can;eRkamvij enAeBlEdl):aniyayBakülYgelamxøHeTAkan;Kat;. bIéf¶eRkayBIkaremIlKña
edayTwkmuxRkjÚv nigkarmanHminniyayrkKña GVI²TaMgGs;k¾vilRtLb;mkrksPaBdUcFmμtavij.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
36 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶c½nÞ TI21 ExkBaØa qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
éf¶enH ńwgR)ab; XIFI nUvdMNwgTUeTAsþIBIGKarbEnßmenH. GMBUlePøIgmYyRtÚv)anerobcMdak;
enABIelIekAGIEvgEdlTeRmt)anrbs;´ edIm,IGac[´TajExSebIkePøIgkñúgkrNIEdlmankar)aj;
kaMePøIgCayfaehtu. b:uEnþ´minGaceRbIGMBUlePøIg)anenAeBlenHeT edayehtufa bg¥Ücrbs;eyIg
RtÚvebIkTuk[cMhbnþicTaMgyb;TaMgéf¶.
smaCikEpñkbursénRKÜsar v:an; daGan )aneFVITUdak;cMNIGaharGMBIeQIy:agl¥mYy
EdlmanlabfñaBM N’ya: gRsalnigmanBassMNaj;CvuM ji pg. TUcand¾le¥ nH RtÚv)anykeTAdak;enA
kñúgbnÞb;rbs; pitF½r b:uEnþ)anRtÚverIeTAdak;enAelIsáakvij BIeRBaHTIenaHmanxül;ecjcUl ÉRtg;
kEnøgTUcanenaHeK)anerobeFñIrmYyvij. ÉNnaM pitF½r [dak;tuenAeRkameFñIrenaH CamYykRmal
tus¥atmYy ehIydak;TUcanpÞal;xøÜnrbs; pitF½r Rtg;kEnøgEdltutaMgenA\LÚv. G‘ÍcwgGacnwgeFVI[
bnÞb;rbs;Kat;KYrCaTImenarmü eTaHCa´mincUlcitþeKgenATIenaHk¾eday.
elakRsI v:an; daGan CamnusSEdlminGac[´Gt;RTaM)aneT. eBlénACan;elI ´RtÚvsþI
benÞasminQb;Qr eRBaHEtkarniyayeRcInminecHcb;rbs;´. b:uEnþeFVIem:c ebIécHEtrGilmat;
G‘ÍcwgenaH¡ \LÚvenH elakRsI)anrkeXIjl,icmYy elakRsI seRmccitþfa³ Kat;ElgRtÚvkar
duslagqñaMg nigxÞHeTotehIy. ehIyenAeBlmansl;mðÚbGaharbnþicbnþÜc Kat;minepÞrvaeTAdak;
enAkñúgcanEkvmYyeT b:uEnþKat;Tuk[varlYyenAkñúgqñaMgxÞHeTAvij. ehIyenAeBlEdl m:ahÁút man
«
qñaMgxÞHeRcInEdlRtÚvduslagsm¥atenAeBlresol elakRsIlan;mat;fa GU+¡ m:ahÁút d¾KYr[
GaNitÉgmankic©kareFVIeRcInNas; hñ+¡ .»
erogral;s)aþh_ elak ekøm:g; EtgykesovePABIrbIk,alEdlsresrsRmab;ekμgRsI

« »
GayuRs)al´[´GanCanic©. ćab;GarmμN_nwgerOgPaK CUb eTI hWl y:agxøaMg. éBjcitþ
«
nwgesovePArbs;GñkniBn§ suIssuI v:an; m:akevld_ xøaMgNas;. ´)anGanesovePA rdUvekþAd¾Esn
»
cEmøk cMnYnbYndgrYcmkehIy ehIylkçN³KYr[Gs;sMeNIc enAEteFVI[ésIceTIs\LÚvenH.
´)anCYy):a[KUredImeQItagBUCBgSExSRsLayrbs;RKÜsareyIg ehIy):a)anniyay
R)ab;´GMBIRbvtþirbs;buKÁlnImYy²pg.
´)ancab;epþImeFVIkic©karsalarbs;´. ´xMRbwgeronPasa)araMg edaybBa©Úlkiriyas½BÞmin
RbRktIcMnYnR)aM kñúgk,alrbs;´ral;éf¶. b:uEnþ éPøcPøaMgeRcInNas;GMBIGVIEdl´)aneronenAÉ
sala.
pitF½r )ancab;epþmI eronPasaGg;eKøsrbs;Kat; TaMgmancitGþ l;EGkCaxøagM . esovePAsikSa
mYycMnnY eTIbEt)anmkdl; ehIy´)annaMBpI HÞ rbs;eyIgmkCamYynUvsmÖarsikSasMxan;²mYycMnnY
manesovePAsresr exμAéd C½rlub nigsøakeQμaH. BIm ¬CaeQμaHEdleyIgcUlcitþehA):a¦ RtÚv
karGanGtßbTepSg²CaPasahulgø .; ´suxcitbþ eRgónKat;TaMgRsug edIm,IbrÚþ nwgkarCYybeRgónPasa
)arMagrbs;Kat; ehIynigmuxviC¢adéTeTot. b:uEnþ Kat;Pan;RcLMeRcInNas;Edlminsm[eCO¡
maneBlxøH ´sþab;viTüúPasahuløg; pSayecjBIRkúgLúgd_. RBHGgÁm©as; bWnhat )an
RbkaskalBIeBlfμI²enHfa RBHnag CUlIy:aNa CaGKÁmehsIRBHGgÁ nwgRbsURtbuRtkñúgrvagEx
mkra. ´sb,aycitþNas;. enATIenHKμannrNamñak;yl;fa ehtuGVI)anCaćab;GarmμN_nwgRBH
raCvgSanuvgSEbbenHeT.
kalBIyb;mun TaMgGs;Kñaniyayfa ĆamnusSenAl¶g;exøAenAeLIy. ehtudUecñH enAéf¶bnÞab;
ćab;epþImeFVIkic©karsalarbs;ý:agsVahab; eRBaHmincg;enAeronfñak;TIR)aMmYykñúgGayudb;bYn b¤
db;R)aMqañ eM LIy. BYkKat;k)¾ anBiPakSaKñaGMBGI EVI dl´KYrGan nigGIEV dlminKYrGan. eBlenHm:ak;kMBug
« »
GanesovePA suPaBburs Priya nig GñkbeRmI ehIyBitNas; ´minRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[Gan
esovePAenaHeT ¬fVIebI m:ahÁút RtÚv)anGnuBaØat[Gank¾eday¡¦. Cabzm ´RtÚveFVIxøÜn[qøatévdUcCa
m:ahÁút bgRsId¾buinRbsb;rbs;´sin. bnÞab;mk BYkeyIg)annaMKñaniyayBIPaBl¶g;exøArbs;Édl
minyl;BImuxviC¢aTsSnviC¢a citþviC¢a nigsrIrviTüa ¬´Rbjab;Rbjal;EqkrkemIlBaküFM²TaMgenHenA
kñúgvcnanuRkmPøam¡¦. CakarBit ´minyl;GVIesaHGMBImuxviC¢aTaMgenH. b:uEnþRbEhlCaqñaMeRkay
ńwgGacyl;dwgCagenH¡
´)anmkdl;esckþIsnñidæand¾KYr[rMePIbcitþfa ´manEtGavm:adamédEvgmYy ehIynigGav
kak;sRmab;Bak;kñúgrdUvrgacMnYnbIb:ueNÑaH. ):a)anGnuBaØat[ćak;GavrgaeramecomBN’smYy.
GMe)aHcak;enaHmins¥atNas;NaeT b:uEnþ´sgÇwmfa vanwgkk;ekþA ehIyćg;)any:agenaHÉg.
semøókbMBak;rbs;eyIgmYycMnnY tUc sßti enApÞHmitPþ kþCi aeRcIneTot b:Eu nþKrY [sþayTal;Etcb;s®gÁam
eTIbeyIgGacRbmUl)anmkvij b:Eu nþlHu NaEtsemøókbMBak;TaMgGs;enATIenaHedaymin)at;eTANa.
éTIbEtnwgniyayR)ab;ÉgBIelakRsI v:an; daGan enAeBlEdlKat;edIrcUlmkkñúgbnÞb;.
´biTesovePAPøwb.
« eGð Gan; etI´sMuemIlGVIEdlÉgsresrpg)aneT? »
38 Gan;E®hVg
«eT elakRsI v:an; daGan .»
«G‘Ícwg emIlEtTMB½rcugeRkay)aneT? »
«eT BitCamin)an sUm,IEtTMB½rcugeRkayk¾eday elakRsI v:an; daGan . »
EmnehIy ´P½yesÞrI søab; edaysarTMBr½ cugeRkayenHmansresrerobrab;mni l¥GBM rI bU Kat;.

erogral;éf¶ manerOgr:avekIteLIgxøH²Edr b:Eu nþ´x¢li ehIyGs;kmøagM nwgkt;RtavaTaMgGs;Nas;.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶suRk TI25 ExkBaØa qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
):amanmitþv½ycMNas;mñak; Caburssßitkñúgv½yRbEhlcitsibR)aMqñaM eQμaHelak RDIh½r
EdlCamnusSmanCMgW RkxSt;ehIyRtecokF¶n;. enAEk,relak RDIh½r KWRbBn§rbs;Kat;Edlekμg
CagKat;dl;eTAémÖR)aMBIrqñaM CaGñkRkxSt;dUcKña EdlédnigeCIgrbs;Kat;manBak;ExSédnigcieBa©ón
y:ageRcInCarbs;BitnigkaéL EdlenAesssl;taMgBIeBlEdlKat;manCIvPaBFUrFar. elak
RDIh½r enH )anrMxan):aCaerOy²taMgBIeBlenaHemø:H ehIyÉtgEtsresIrBIGMNt;d¾l¥rbs;)a:
Canic© eday):aeqøIytbeTAburscas;EdlKYr[GaNitenHtamTUrs½BÞ. enAeBlEdlBYkeyIgsßit
enAkñúgpÞHenAeLIy m:ak;)anENnaM[):adak;Rbdab;ftsMeLgmYyBImuxRbdab;TTYlsMeLgEdlnwg
« » «
R)ab;eLIgvijdEdl²erogral;bInaTImþgnUvBaküfa )aT elak RDIh½r eT elak RDIh½r eday »
ehtufa burscMNas;enaHk¾ minyl;EdrcMeBaHkareqøIytberobrab;minGs;esckþIrbs;):a.

éf¶enH elak RDIh½r )anTUrs½BÞmkkan;kariyal½y ehIyesñIelak XuKø½r [eTAelgpÞHrbs;
Kat;. elak XuKø½r mincg;eTAeT ehIy)ansnüafanwg[ emob eTA b:uEnþ emob bdiesFkarNat;
CYbenH. kñúgerOgenH elakRsI RDIh½r )anTUrs½BÞmkkariyal½ybIdg b:uEnþedaysareKR)ab;fa
emob minmanvtþmaneBjmYyresolenH emob RtÚvEteFVIRtab;sMeLgrbs; ebb tamTUrs½BÞ.
enAkñúgkariyal½yCan;eRkam RBmTaMgenAkñúgGKarbEnßmCan;elI mansMeNIck¥akk¥ayCaTUeTA.
«
\LÚvenHerogral;eBlEdlTUrs½BÞeraT× ebb niyayfa c,as;CaelakRsI RDIh½r ehIy¡ . »
cMENk emob RtÚvesIc dUecñHGñkenAcugExSTUrs½BÞmçageTotenaH RtÚvsVaKmn_edaysMeNIckk¥wkd¾min

smrmü. ÉgeXIjeT XIFI enHCakariyal½ymYymanlkçN³KYr[cUlcitþ ehIyBMumanBIreT enAkñúg
BiPBelakenH. BYkRbFan² )anelgsb,aydUcCamnusSqáÜtCamYynwgbuKÁlikRsI²¡
enAeBlyb; ´)aneTACECkelgCamYyRKÜsar v:an; daGan mþgmáal. enAbnÞb; RKÜsar

« »
v:an; daGan eyIgjúaM nMXuKI m:UsSblø ¬nMXuKITwksárxab; Edldak;kñúgTUBüÜrexaGavmYyEdlmanlab
fñakM arBarmin[xμtÚ ecaH¦ ehIyeyIgesIcsb,ayrIkray. karsnÞnafμI²enH )anniyayBI pitF½r.
´)anniyayfa pitF½r )anGEg¥lf<al;Ćajwkjab; ehIyfa´mincUlcitþnwgerOgenHeT. BYkeK
sYr´fa etIGaceronRslaj; pitF½r [dUcCabgRbúsmñak;)aneT BIeRBaHKat;Rslaj;´dUcCab¥Ún
« » « »
RsImñak;. ńiyayfa GU+ Gt;eT¡ b:uEnþ kñúgcitþvij ´Kitfa GU+ G‘ak;¡ ¬ex<ImNas;¦. ÉgKitbnþic
eTA¡. bnÞab;mk ńiyayfa pitF½r CamnusSesaHkeRkaHbnþic. ehIytamýl; Kat;man
lkçN³eGoneRbondUcekμgRbúsdéT²eTot EdlBMumanTmøab;esBKb;nwgRkmMu²Edr.
´RtÚvEtniyayfa KN³kmμaFikarGKarbEnßm ¬Epñkburs¦ KWeBareBjeTAedayKMnti écñRbDit.
cUrÉgsþab;KeRmagEdlBYkeKKitnwgepJdI N M gw mYyedIm,Ibgðajelak RbÚk CatMNaglk;rbs;Rkúmh‘nu
GUbuikta CamitþnigCaGñkrkSaGIva:n;xøH²[BYkeyIg)andwg¡ GñkTaMgenaHnwgbBa¢ÚnsMNMuEbbbTvay
GgÁúlIelxmYyeTA[m©as;hagmYyenAPaKxagt,Úgextþ hSúIeLn13 EdlCaGtifiCnmñak;rbs;
GUbuikta edaysMu[m©as;hagenaHbMeBjsMNMuEbbbTenaH rYcbBa¢ÚnvaRtLb;mkvijedaydak;enAkñúg
eRsamsMbRu tbiTCitmYy Edlmandak;Gasydæanrbs;vay:agRtwmRtÚv. ):anwgsresrGasydæan
elIeRsamsMbuRtedayxøÜnÉg. kalNasMbuRtenHRtÚvepJIRtLb;BI hSúIeLn vij BYkKat;nwgyk
sMNMuEbbbTenaHecj ehIysarsresrédmYyEdlGHGagfa):aenArs;GacnwgRtÚvykeTAs‘k
bBa©ÚleTAkñúgeRsamsMbuRt. viFIenH elak RbÚk GacGansMbuRtedayKμanmnÞilsgS½ycMeBaHl,ic
enH. BYkKat;eRCIserIsextþ hSúIeLn edaysarvaenACitEb‘lhSúik ¬sMbuRtmYyc,ab;Gacqøgkat;
RBMEdnedaylYcbnøM)any:aggay¦ nigedaysarEtKμannrNamñak;mansiT§ieFVIdMeNIreTATIenaHeday
KμanlixitGnuBaØatBiesseLIy. Gñklk;dUrFmμtamñak;dUcCaelak RbÚk nwgBMuTTYl)anlixitGnuBaØat
BiessenHeLIy.
yb;mSilmij ):a)aneFVIb£kBabMP½nþeKEfmeTot. Kat;eFVIgIegIedaysarkargguyedkehIy
)andYleTAelIERKrbs;Kat;. eCIgrbs;):aeLIgRtCak; dUecñH´k¾[eRsameCIgBak;eKgrbs;éTA[
Kat;Bak;. R)aMnaTIeRkaymk Kat;RKvat;eRsameCIgenaHecaleTAelIkRmal\dæ. bnÞab;mk Kat;
TajPYymkRKbBIelIk,alCit eRBaHBnøWrMxanKat;. enAeBlEdleyIgbiTePøIg Kat;)anTajPYy
beBa©j[eXIjcugRcmuHKat;fñm² emIleTAKYr[cg;esIcxøaMgNas;. BYkeyIg)ancab;epþImCECkKña
13 extþmYyrbs;RbeTshuløg;.
40 Gan;E®hVg
« »
GMBIerOgEdl pitF½r niyayfa m:ahÁút Ca GñkeRCotERCkerOgeK mñak;. Rsab;EtsMeLg):a)an
«
lan;B¤BIcm¶aymkfa³ Égcg;mann½yfa nagx¢ilRcGUs . »
qμaEdlmaneQμaH mUsQI kan;Etl¥KYr[Rslaj;xøaMgeLIg nigrak;Tak;CamYy´ b:uEnþ énA

EtxøacvaxøHEdr.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶GaTitü TI27 ExkBaØa qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
« »
éf¶enH ´)aneFVI karBiPakSa CamYym:ak; b:uEnþerOgKYr[xwgenaH KW´qab;hUrTwkEPñkeBk.
´minGacTb;)aneT. ):acitþ)annwgĆanic© ehIyKat;k¾yl;BI´kan;EtRbesIreLIgeRcInEfmeTot.
enAxN³enaH ´BitCaminGacRTaMnwgm:ak;)aneLIy. vabgðaj[eXIjfa ĆamnusSkan;EtcEmøk
cMeBaHKat; sUm,IEtGVIEdl´KitGMBIerOgsamBaØbMput k¾Kat;mindwgEdr.
BYkeyIgniyayBIGñkbeRmIRsI² ehIykarBitsBVéf¶enH ÉgRtÚvEtehAGñkTaMgenaHfa Gñk «
»
CYyeFVIkic©karpÞH . m:ak;GHGagfa enAeBlEdls®gÁamcb; BaküenHR)akdCanwgRtÚvehAdUecñH
edayxanmin)an. ´BitCaminyl;y:agenaHesaH. bnÞab;mkm:ak;bEnßmfa ńiyayGMBI eBl «
»
eRkay jwkjab;Nas; ehIyfa éFVIb£kdUcCamnusSeBjv½yG‘Icwg eTaHbICa´minEmnk¾eday
b:uEnþ´minKitfa karKitRsemIRsémKWCaerOgGaRkk;enaHeT [Et XIFI kuMTukvasMxan;eBk. eTaHy:ag
Nak¾eday CaFmμta):aEtgCYyedaHsaCMnYsĆanic©. ebIKμan):a ńwgminGacRTaMenATIenH)an
eLIy.
mü:ageTot ´k¾mincuHsRmugCamYynwg m:ahÁút xøaMgNas;Edr. eTaHbICaRKÜsarrbs;eyIgmin
EdleFVI[ep¥IleKep¥IlÉg dUcBYkGñkenACan;elIk¾eday k¾vaminmanGVIKYr[sb,ayeTsRmab;´.
buKÁliklkçN³rbs; m:ahÁút nig rbs;m:ak;xusBI´q¶ayNas;. ýl;dwgBImitþPkþiRsI²rbs;éRcIn
Cagm:ak;´pÞal;. etIenHminKYr[xμaseTb¤?.
CaeRcIndgmkehIy EdlelakRsI v:an; daGan manGarmμN_minl¥. elakRsI v:an; daGan
CamnusSKMeraHKMerIy ehIyecHEtykrbs;rbreRbIR)as;pÞal;xøÜnrbs;Kat;ecjcuHeLIg² rYc
ehIycak;esaTuk. KYr[sþayEdlm:ak;minsgral;kar)at;GIv:an;nImYy² rbs; v:an; daGan eday
kar)at;GIv:an;mYyrbs; E®hVg enaH.
BYkmnusSxøH dUcRKÜsar v:an; daGan CaedIm hak;bIdUcrkeXIjPaBrIkrayCaBiessmYykñúg

karGb;rMminRtwmEtkUn²pÞal;rbs;BYkeKeT b:uEnþrIkraynwgGb;rMkUn²rbs;bNþamitþPkþiBYkeKEdr.
kñúgRKÜsar m:ahÁút KμanGVIRtÚvniyayeLIgvijeT eRBaH m:ahÁút CamnusSmancitþl¥ smþIrak;Tak;nig
R)aCJavagéveTot b:uEnþrUbénHhak;dUcCarBisbgábBaðaRKb;RKan;Nas;eTAehIysRmab;BYk
eyIgTaMgBIr. elIsBImYydgeTAeTotEdlbriyakaseBareBjedaykarsþIbenÞasrbs;RKÜsar v:an;
daGan nigkareqøIytmat;rbs;´. ):a nigm:ak;EtgEtkarBarý:agxøaMg. ebIKμan):anigm:ak; ć,as;
CaminGacTb;Tl;nwgCemøaHenaH RbkbedayPaBR)akdkñúgcitþ)aneLIy. eTaHbICaBYkKat;niyay
ehIyniyayeTotfa kMu[ńiyayeRcIneBk kMucUleRCotERCkkic©karGñkdéT nig[éFVIxøÚn[suPaB
CagenHk¾eday k¾´hak;dUcCaecosminputBIbraC½yEdr. ebIsinCaKμankarGt;Fμt;rbs;):aeTenaH ´
muxCae)aHbg;ecalesckþIsgÇwmfa nwg)anbMeBjcitþtamtRmÚvkarminCaxøaMgNas;Narbs;«Buk
mþayyUrmkehIy.
ebIsin´júaMEtbnþicbnþÜc cMeBaHbEnøNaEdl´mincUlcitþ ehIyjúaMdMLÚg)araMgCMnYsvij
enaHmuxCaeFVI[RKÜsar v:an; daGan CaBiesselakRsI v:an; daGan eTIscitþy:agxøaMg ehIyyl;
«
eXIjfa ĆaekμgTMeyIhYsehtueBk. elakRsI v:an; daGan niyayfa mk Gan; qab;júaMbEnøxøH
»
eTA .
«
éqøIyfa Gt;eT GrKuNehIyelakRsI. ´júaMdMLÚg)araMg)anehIy . »
« »
bEnøsuT§Etl¥sRmab;suxPaB m:ak;rbs;Égk¾niyaydUecñHEdr. júaMxøHeTA . elakRsI
v:an; daGan TTUcEbbenHrhUtTal;Et):aeFVIGnþraKmn_ ehIyKaMRTkarbdiesFrbs;ćMeBaHmuxmðÚbNa
Edl´mincUlcitþ.
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan xwgRceLatykEtEmnETn³ Gan; KYrEt)aneTArs;enApÞHrbs;eyIg
Edlekμg²RtÚv)anciBa©wmy:agmanrebob. ´minehAerOgenHfaCakarciBa©wmRtwmRtÚvmYyeLIy.
»
Gan; TeRmIsxøaMgNas;. ńwgminGnuBaØat[eFVIG‘ÍcwgeLIy. ebI Gan; CakUnRsI´>>> .
enHCarebobriHKn;rbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan EdlEtgEtcab;epþImnigbBa©b;dUecñHfa³ ebI «
»
Gan; CakUnRsIrbs;´>>> . GrKuNRBHCam©as;Edl´minEmnCakUnRsIKat;.
b:uEnþ edIm,Iniyaydl;RbFanbTGMBIkarciBa©wmkUnvij BImSilmij PaBs¶at;es¶ómmYy)anekIt
eLIgeRkayeBlelakRsI v:an; daGan bBa©b;karniyaytictYcrbs;Kat;. ):aniyayfa ýl; «
eXIjfa Gan; RtÚv)anciBa©wmy:agl¥ehIy. y:agehacNas; Gan; )aneronmineqøIytb

42 Gan;E®hVg
cMeBaHkarsþIRbedAKYr[FujminecHcb;rbs;elakRsIEdr. GMBIerOgbEnø ´RKan;EtniyayR)ab;

elakRsIEtmYym:at;b:ueNÑaH faetIGñkNaEdlminjúaMbEnø . »
« »
elakRsI v:an; daGan Tal;KMnit. mnusSlagKUTÉgminRCH Etcg;lagKUTeK enHCaBakü
edomdameTArkelakRsI edaysarEtenAeBll¶ac elakRsI v:an; daGan minGacjúaMsENþkb¤
«
és<ekþabRbePTxøHeTot)aneT BIeRBaHsENþknigés<ekþabeFVI[elakRsI v:an; daGan edIrxül; . »
b:uEnþ´GacniyayBIerOgenH)andUcKña. mnusSGIPøIePøIemø:H XIFI KitG‘ÍcwgeT? y:agNak¾eday

eyIgsgÇwmfa elakRsI v:an; daGan Qb;niyayGMBIéTotehIy.
vaKYr[cg;esIcxøaMgNas;EdleXIjelakRsI v:an; daGan muxRkhmPøam. cMENkmux´min
RkhmeT dUecñHvaeFVI[elakRsI v:an; daGan mYem:As¶at;²KμanTIbBa©b;.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶c½nÞ TI28 ExkBaØa qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
´KμanR)afñanwgbBa©b;sMbuRtrbs;éTkalBImSilmij eTaHbICa´RtÚvQb;sresrk¾eday.
´manbMNgR)ab; XIFI GMBICemøaHmYyepSgeTotkñúgcMeNamCemøaHTaMgLayrbs;BYkeyIg b:uEnþmun
nwg´R)ab; ćg;niyayerOgenHsin³ ýl;favaEbøkGs©arüNas;EdlmnusSeBjv½yeQøaHKña
rh½seBknigjwkjab;bMputenaH ehIyeQøaHEtGMBIerOgkMbuikkMb:ukEfmeTot. ÉtgEtKit
rhUtmkfa kareQøaHKñakÐúgkÐaMgKWTegVIrrbs;ekμg² ehIyBYkvanwgePøckareQøaHKñaenHenAeBlBYkva
«
kan;Etcas;TMu. BitehIy CYnkalvamanmUlehtuBitCaeRcInEdlnaM[mankareQøaHKña BitR)akd »
mYy b:uEnþkarCECktv:aEdlekIteLIgenATIenH KWRKan;EtCakareQøaHRbEkkkMbuikkMb:ukb:ueNÑaH.

edaysarCemøaHTaMgenHCacMENkRbcaMéf¶rbs;eyIg ´KYrEtTmøab;xøÜnnwgerOgenHcab;BIeBlenH
eTA. b:uEnþ´minGactaMgcitþeFVIdUecñH)aneT drabNarUb´køayCaRbFanbTenAkñúgkarBiPakSaswg
«
Etral;elIkenaH. ¬BYkeKniyaysMedAelIkareQøaHRbEkkKñaTaMgenHfaCa karBiPakSa CMnYs[ »
« »
kareQøaHRbEkkKña b:uEnþRbCaCnGaløWm:g;mindwgPaBxusKñaeLIy¦. BYkeKriHKn;´RKb;Ebby:ag.
ćg;niyayBIerOgenH³ Gakb,kiriyarbs;´ buKÁliklkçN³rbs;´ maryaTb£kBarbs;´ xøÜn´
TaMgmUl KWCakmμvtßúénkarniyayedImnigniyayGaRkk;rbs;BYkeK nigBiPakSaEvkEjkBIk,al
dl;cugeCIgehIyRtLb;saeLIgvijmþgeTot. ÉtgEtB¤BaküsmþIKMeraHKMerIynigkarERskcMTal
Cab;Canic© b:uEnþ´Tmøab;nwgvamin)anTal;EtesaH. ebIeyageTAtamkareRbonRbedArbs;mnusS

ecHdwg ´RtÚvEtxaMmat;sgát;citþRTaMTTYlykvaTaMgGs; b:uEnþ´minGacRTaM)an. ´mincg;[eKeCr
RbmafédaymintbteLIy. ńwgbgðajBYkeKfa Gan; E®hVg minEmnPøIePøImindwgGIdUcCaekμgekItBI
mSilmijeT. BYkeKnwgminnwksμandl;eT ehIynwgbiTmat;d¾FMrbs;BYkeKrhUtenAeBlEdléFVI[BYk
eKyl;faBYkeKKYrEtRbúgRby½tñnwgmaryaTpÞal;xøÜnrbs;eK CMnYs[karykcitþdak;nwgmaryaT
rbs;´. BYkeKh‘aneFVIrebobenaHeTAekIt¡ vaeXareXANas;. rhUtmkTl;nwgeBlenH
énAes¶ómcMeBaHmuxsmþIeRKatRKatxøaMg² ¬CaBiess>>>smþIPøIePøIrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan¦.
b:uEnþ enAeBlEdl´Tmøab;)annwgerOgenHkñúgeBlqab;² ńwgsgswkKat;vijPøam dUcEdlKat;)an
eFVIdak;´ edayKμanrEGgcitþeLIy BYkeKnwgbþÚrrebobniyay. etI´BitCaBi)akciBa©wm RkGWtRkTm
cecs manH cg;dwgerOgeK x¢ilRcGUs .l.nig.l. dUcRKÜsar v:an; daGan fa[étIEmneT?
eT¡ BitCaminEmneT ´dwgfa ´mankMhusnigmanKuNvibtiþeRcIn b:uEnþBYkeKbMepøIs. XIFI¡ etIÉgdwg
eTfa ´xwgRceLaty:agNaenAeBlB¤BYkeKeCrsþInigcMGkbBaÄWcitþ[´. vanwgminyUreT BitCadl;
eBlEdlkMhwgEdl´xMRbwgTb;knøgmknwgpÞúHecjeLIg.
l¥¡ ´Qb;niyayBIerOgenHehIy. ´rMxan XIFI RKb;RKan;ehIyCamYyRbvtþiénkareQøaHKña
rbs;´ Et´minGacecosvagminerobrab;R)ab;ÉgBIkarRbEkkKñamYyeToteBljúaMGaharl¶acd¾
KYr[cab;GarmμN_CaxøaMg.
BIerOgmYyeTAerOgmYy eKEbrmkniyayBIPaBrmTmübMputrbs; BIm mþg. PaBrmTmüenH
KWCakarBitEdleKdwgeRcIn EdlsUm,IEtmnusSl¶g;exøAbMputk¾minsgS½yEdr. PøamenaH elakRsI
«
v:an; daGan EdlEtgEteFVIxøÜn[eKcab;GarmμN_RKb;EtkarsnÞnaenaH )anlan;mat;fa ´k¾G‘ÍcwgEdr
´rmTmüxøaMgNas; rmTmüCagsVamIrbs;éTAeTot¡ . »
etI XIFI Føab;)anB¤erOgNaKYr[Gs;sMeNIcEbbenHeT? RbeyaKenHqøúH[eXIjy:agc,as;

fa elakRsI v:an; daGan minc,as;las;nUvGVIEdl XIFI ehAfadak;xøÜnenaHeT.
« »
elak v:an; daGan EdldwgxøÜntRmÚv[Bnül;Xøa eRcInCagsVamIrbs;éTAeTot enaH )an
«
eqøIytby:ags¶b;s¶at;fa ´minxMRbwgeFVIxøÜn[rmTmüGVITaMgGs;. tamkarBiesaFn_rbs;´ GUnkan;
» «
EtmanHxøaMgeLIg²ehIy . elak v:an; daGan Ebrmkrk´ ehIybEnßmfa Gan; kMueFVIrmTmü ehIy
RsKt;RsKM[esaH. vanwgeFVI[ Gan; mineCOnelOneTAmuxeT . »
m:ak;yl;RsbnwgTsSn³enHTaMgRsug. b:uEnþdUcral;Etdg elakRsI v:an; daGan EtglUk

44 Gan;E®hVg
mat;lkU kkñgú karCECkKña. b:Eu nþelIkenH CMnsY karrkerOgédaypÞal; elakRsI v:an; daGan EbrCa
«
niyayeTArk):am:ak;édayBaküsmþIfa GñkKYrEtmanTsSn³vis½yEbøkmYysþIBICIvit edIm,IGac
niyayerOgenaHCamYy Gan;. sßanPaBmanlkçN³xusKñaenAeBlEdl´kMBuglUtlas;. taMgBI
eBlenaHmk sßanPaBTaMgGs;hak;dUcCaminpøas;bþÚrb:unμanesaH elIkElgEtenAkñúgRkúmRKÜsarTan;
sm½ydUcCaRKÜsarrbs;Gñk¡ . »
karkt;smÁal;cugeRkayenHsMedAeTAelIrebobciBa©wmGb;rMkUntamrebobTan;sm½yrbs;m:ak;
Edlm:ak;)ankarBarCaeRcInelIkmkehIy. elakRsI v:an; daGan eqHdMuxøaMgNas; rhUtdl;mux
rbs;Kat;ERbCaRkhmeRBÓg². mnusSEdlqab;Rkhmmuxkan;Et)at;GMNt;EfmeTot kan;Et
ekþARkhayeLIg ehIy)at;bg;y:agqab;rh½snUvmeFüa)ayepSg²rbs;xøÜnenAcMeBaHmuxKURbqaMg.
mþayÉdlmuxmineLIgRkhm cg;bBa©b;karRbEkkKñaenHedayqab;rh½sbMputtamEdlGac
«
eFVIeTA)an. m:ak;Qb;bnþicedIm,IKitmunnwgeqøIytbfa )anehIyelakRsI v:an; daGan ýl;Rsb
fa vakan;EtRbesIr RbsinebImnusSmñak;mindak;xøÜnhYs. sVamIrbs;´ m:ahÁút ehIynig pitF½r
GñkTaMgbIsuT§EtCamnusSdak;xøÜnbMput. sVamIrbs;Gñk Gan; nig ´ c,as;CaBMuEmnCamnusSdak;xøÜneT
ehIyminbeNþay[nrNabgVilxøÜneyIgral;EteBlEdr . »
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ GU+¡ b:uEnþelakRsI E®hVg¡ ´minyl;BIGVIEdlGñkniyayeT¡
´BitCadak;xøÜnbMputnigRsKt;RsKMbMput. etIGñkGacniyayfa´manHy:agem:cekIt? . »
«
m:ak;³ ´min)anniyayfaelakRsImanHeT b:uEnþKμannrNamñak;yl;faelakRsICamnusS
RsKt;RsKMenaHeT . »
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ ćg;dwgfa ´manHRtg;Na¡ ebI´minrvl;nwgxøÜnéT KμannrNamñak;
eTotrvl;ngw erOgéLIy ehIyńwgKμanGVeI RkABIsaø b;edaykarGt;Xaø nb:eu NÑaH b:Eu nþenaHBMEu mnmann½y
fa´mindak;xøÜn nigRsKt;RsKM dUcCasVamIrbs;elakRsIeT . »
enAcMeBaHmuxkartv:ad¾KYr[cg;esIcenH m:ak;´BMuGacminesIc)aneLIy. elakRsI v:an; daGan

rwtEtxwg ehIyeTaHbIminEmnCamnusSBUEkCECkEvkEjkkþI Kat;)anbnþkarniyayrbs;Kat;eday
sMnYnesckþIKYr[es,ImCahUrEhEvgGnøaymYy EdlCakarlaybBa©ÚlKñarvagPasaGaløWm:g;nig
Pasahulgø ; rhUtTal;EtKat;RcLMBaküxønÜ Ég ehIyenATIbpM tu elakRsI v:an; daGan k¾eRkakBIekAGI
ehIyerobedIrecjBIbnÞb; eBlEdlEPñkrbs;Kat;smøwgmkrk´. XIFI ćg;[ÉgenATIenaHNas;
edIm,I)aneXIjelakRsI v:an; daGan¡ edayeRKaHGaRkk; eBlEdlelakRsI v:an; daGan Ebrxñgmk
rkeyIg ´)anRKvIk,aledayGakar³mYyEdlGaNitGasUr nig layLMedaykarcMGkeBbRCay

cMeBaHKat;. ´minEmneFVIedayectnaeT b:uEnþ´)antamdany:agCab;lab;nUvral;karCECkk,Úrk,ac;
rbs;Kat; rhUtdl;´manRbitkmμEbbenHTaMgmindwgxøÜn. elakRsI v:an; daGan Ebrxñgy:agrh½smk
rk´ ehIycab;epþImERskcMTalCaPasaGaløWm:g; RbkbedaysmþIGaRkk; nig RTeKaHe)aHe)ak.
eBlenaH Kat;emIleTAhak;dUcCaRsþIEdlFøab;EtniyayRceLaHe)aHBitR)akdmñak;ragFat;k®nÞl
nigEdlmanmuxRkhm. ÉgKYrEt)aneXIjTidæPaBEbbenaH. ebIécHKUrrUbvij ćg;EtKUrrUb
elakRsI v:an; daGan enAkñúg\riyabfEbbenHeT. eBlenaH elakRsI v:an; daGan eFVI[ćab;
GarmμN_fa rUbKat;dUcCakMEbøg ePøceRcIn nig PøIePøINas;¡ b:uEnþ´)andwgy:agehacnUverOgmYy³ Ég
sÁal;mnusSedayBitR)akd bnÞab;BImankareQøaHRbEkkKñamYyCamYyBYkeKb:ueNÑaH. manEtenA
eBlenaHb:ueNÑaHEdlÉgGacvinicä½yBIcritBitrbs;eK)an¡
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶GgÁar TI29 ExkBaØa qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
XIFI c,as;CaeXIjerOgcEmøk²bMputCaeRcIn enAeBlEdl XIFI kMBugsßitenAkñúgkarlak;
xøÜn¡ ÉgBüayamnwkRsémrUbPaBenHemIl. edaysarEtBYkeyIgKμanGaggUtTwk BYkeyIgEtg
EtduslagxøÜnenAkñúgkøaMeQIe)akKk;tUcmYy ehIyedaysarTwkekþAmanEtenAkñúgkariyal½y ¬enA
eBlEdléRbIBaküenH KWćg;niyayGMBICan;eRkamTaMgmUl¦ BYkeyIgTaMgR)aMBIrnak; RtÚvEtgUtTwk
kñúgsßanPaBEbbenHedaydUrevnKñamþgmñak;. b:uEnþ edaysarkñúgcMeNameyIgTaMgR)aMBIrnak; suT§Et
mindUcKña ehIyedaysarkRmiténkareFVIb£kCaeGonxμasRCúlmansPaBx<s;xøaMgenaH smaCik
RKÜsarmñak;²)aneRCIserIsTIkenøótpÞal;xøÜnedIm,IduslagxøÜn. pitF½r gUtTwkenAkñúgpÞH)ayén
kariyal½y eTaHCavamanTVarkBa©k;mYyk¾eday. enAeBlEdl pitF½r manbMNgcg;gUtTwk pitF½r
)anmkR)ab;eyIg[dwgCamunBImñak;eTAmñak;ehIyR)ab;eyIgfa kñúgry³eBlknøHem:agxagmux eyIg
minKYredIrkat;xagmuxpÞH)ayeLIy. Kat;Kitfa viFankarEbbenHnwgmanRbsiT§iPaB. elak v:an;
daGan gUtTwkenACan;elIbg¥s; edaynwkKitfa suvtßPi aBénbnÞbr; bs;Kat;paÞ l;sxM an;CagkarBi)akyYr
TwkekþAeLIgCeNþIreRcInCan;. sRmab;eBlenH elakRsI v:an; daGan minTan;gUtTwkeT Kat;enArg;caM
emIlkEnøgNamYyEdll¥CageK. ):agUtTwkkñúgkariyal½ypÞal;xøÜn ehIym:ak;gUtenAkñúgpÞH)ay
46 Gan;E®hVg
xageRkayr)aMgbMBg;EpSg cMENk m:ahÁút nig ´ )aneRCIserIskariyal½yxagmuxCakEnøggUtTwk

rbs;BYkeyIg. taMgBIvaMgnnRtÚvTajbiTenAresoléf¶esAr_mk BYkeyIg)anlublagxøÜnenAkñúg
sPaBggwt enAeBlEdlGñkmingUtTwkmñak;emIleTAeRkAbg¥ÜctamRbeLaHvaMgnn ehIysb,ayePøc
xøÜnnwgPaBcEmøkrbs;BYkGñkEdledIrtampøÚv.
taMgBIs)aþh_mun bnÞb;TwkenHElgeFVI[ćUlcitþeTotehIy ehIy´RtÚvEtEsVgrkkEnøggUt
TwkmYyEdlRsYlCagmun. KW pitF½r CaGñkpþl;KMnit[´dak;køaMe)akKk;rbs;´kñúgbnÞb;TwkFMTUlay
rbs;kariyal½y. enAkEnøgenaH ´GacGgÁúycuH ebIkePøIg cak;esaTVar cak;Twk edaymincaM)ac;
manGñkNaCYyehIyminxøacGñkNalYcemIlpg. éRbIbnÞb;TwkKYr[Rslaj;rbs;ĆaelIkTImYy
enAéf¶GaTitü ehIyeTaHCaKYr[cEmøkkþI k¾ćUlcitþvaeRcInCagkEnøgdéTeTotEdr.
enAéf¶BuF CagCYsCulbMBg;TwkmkerIbMBg;TwknigbMBg;bgðÚrTwkenACan;xageRkam EdlecjBI
bnÞb;Twkénkariyal½yeTAdak;enARckcUl dUecñHbMBg;TwknwgminkksÞHenAeBlrdUvrgaEdlRtCak;eT.
karmkCYsCulrbs;CagbMBg;TwkminKYr[eBjcitþNas;NaeT eRBaHminRtwmEteyIgminGacbgðÚrTwk
enAeBléf¶b:ueNÑaHeT b:uEnþEfmTaMgeyIgRtÚvEtecosvagmineTAkan;bnÞb;TwkeTot. BitehIy vaBMu
smrmüeTEdlRtÚverobrab;R)ab; XIFI BIrebobEdleyIgEkbM)at;plvi)akenH b:uEnþ ´minEmneFVI
b£kCaxμaseGonedIm,IecosvagminniyayGMBIerOgra:vRbePTenHeT. taMgBIéf¶EdleyIgTaMgGs;Kña
lak;xøÜn ):anig´)anécñeFVIkenßarmYy edaycMNayRkLmYysRmab;eFVIkenßarenH. sRmab;ry³
eBlénkarmkCYsCulrbs;CagbMBg;Twk RkLRtÚv)andak;eRbIenAeBléf¶sRmab;karbt;eCIgtUcFM
rbs;BYkeyIg. cMENk´ erOgenHhak;dUcCaminrMxan)anBak;kNþaldUcEdl´RtÚvGgÁy ú es¶ómKμan
keRmIk nigKμanniyayeBjmYyéf¶eLIy. XIFI GacRsémemIlfa etIvaBi)aksRmab;kBaØaniyay
eRcInb:unNa. sRmab;éf¶FmμtaBYkeyIg)antRmÚv[niyayxSwb². PaBes¶óms¶at; nigkarenA
es¶ómKμankeRmIkTaMgRsug rwtEtGaRkk;Cagmundb;dgeTAeTot.
bIéf¶bnÞab;BIkarGgÁúyCab;CaRbcaM kMeb:HKUTrbs;éLIgrwgehIyQWcab;. karhat;R)aN
bnþicbnþÜcenAeBll¶ac )aneFVI[´FUrRsalxøH.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶RBhs,t× TI1 Extula qñaM1942

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
mSilmij ´mankarP½yrn§t;xøaMgeLIgsøaMgmux. evlaem:agR)aMbI Rsab;EtkNþwgTVareraT×
eLIg. PøamenaH´KiteXIjfa nrNamñak;kMBugEtmkykBYkeyIg. XIFI dwgfa ńiyayBIGñkNa
ehIy. b:uEnþ enAeBleKGHGagR)ab;´faKWBYkGñkcUlcitþelgesIc Gñkrt;sMbuRtNamñak; ´man
GarmμN_)at;P½yRBÜybnþiceTAvij.
\LÚvenHkñúgGMLúgeBléf¶KWs¶b;s¶at;xøaMgNas;. elak eLvInsun Ca»sfkarI nigCaCnCati
CVIhVmaDl¥itmñak;kMBugEteFVIkarenAkñúgpÞH)ay[elak XuKø½r. edaysarEtKat;sÁal;GKarTaMgmUl
taMgBIeRkamdl;elI eFVI[BYkeyIgP½yxøacfa elak eLvInsun muxCamanKMnitedIrmkemIlmYyEPøt
enAkñúgbnÞb;EdlFøab;eRbIR)as;CabnÞb;BiesaFn_BImunmk. BYkeyIgenAsm¶Mes¶ómdUcCakUnkNþúr.
etInrNaKitsμanfa bIExknøgmkehIy Gan; Edlrh½srhYnRtÚvbgçM[GgÁúyes¶ómKμankeRmIkkñúg
ry³eBlCaeRcInem:agdUecñH?
éf¶TIémÖR)aMbYn KWCaéf¶kMeNItrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan. eTaHbICaBYkeyIgmin)aneFVIBiFIFMdMu
k¾eday k¾elakRsI v:an; daGan )anTTYlpáaGMeNaysamBaØ² nigmðÚbGaharl¥²Edr. )ac;páa
xaensin14 BN’RkhmEdl)anTTYlBIsaV mIrbs;Kat;enaH hak;dcU CaTmøab;CaRbéBNIenAkñgú RKÜsar.
sRmab;GVIEdlenAEtdEdlrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan ńwgniyayR)ab; XIFI fa karb:unb:g
Eccg;rbs;Kat;CamYy):a KWCaRbPBmYyEdleFVI[´mYem:AekþARkhayminecHcb;. elakRsI v:an;
daGan GEg¥lf<al;nigsk;):afñm² lat;sMBt;rbs;Kat;eLIgy:agx<s; eBalBakücEmøk² edIm,I
sakl,gTak;TajkarykcitþTukdak;rbs; BIm ¬):a¦. edayP½BVl¥ BIm yl;faelakRsI v:an;
daGan minRss;sa¥ t ehIyEfmTaMgminKYr[cab;GarmμNe_ Tot dUecñH BIm minbeNþayxøÜn[GUsTaj
eTAtamkareFVbI k£ mJkiú mJk: r; bs;elakRsI v:an; daGan eLIy. dUc XIFI dwgehIy ĆamnusSBUEkRbc½NÐ
Nas; ehIy´minGacGt;RTaMnwgGakb,kiriyarbs;Kat;)aneT. ebIKit[hμt;ct;eTA m:ak;mineFVI
rebobenHcMeBaHelak v:an; daGan eLIy. ´)anniyayerOgenHR)ab;elakRsI v:an; daGan cMmux
Etmþg.
CYnkal pitF½r rk)anerOgEdleFVI[esIcsb,ayCaxøaMg. y:agehacNas; pitF½r nig
´mancMNUlcitþmYydUcKñaKW³ eyIgcUlcitþesøókBak;EkøgxøÜn EdleFVI[mnusSpÞúHsMeNIcRKb;Kña.
14 daMenAkñúgsYnc,ar eRcInmanpáaBN’s páaQUk b¤BN’Rkhm mankøínRkGUb.
48 Gan;E®hVg
l¶acmYy pitF½r nig ´ )anecjmkbgðajxøÜneday pitF½r esøóksMBt;r:Ubrwbsac;mYyrbs;m:ak;Kat;

ehIy´sßitkñúgsemøókbMBak;rbs; pitF½r. pitF½r Bak;mYkmYy ´Bak;mYkkatwbmYy. mnusScas;
enAkñgú RKÜsarrbs;BkY eyIgGt;RTaMmni )ank¾naMKañ pÞHú sMeNIc ehIyeyIgk¾rkI rayxøagM cMeBaHxønÜ ÉgEdr.
ebb )anTijsMBt;hSúIbfμI enAhag b‘ÍecgkUhV sRmab; m:ahÁút nig ´. RkNat;sMBt;enaH
emIleTAKμantémøGeIV saH ehIydUcRkecAEdleKedreFVCI a)avsRmab;dak;dLM gÚ G‘cÍ gw . rbs;RbePTenH
kalBIedIm hagFM²minEdlh‘anlk;eLIy \LÚvvamantémø 24/00 hÁIldW ¬rbs; m:ahÁút¦ nig
7/75hÁIldW ¬rbs;´¦.
BYkeyIgmanrbs;d¾l¥EdleKTij[enAkñúghag³ ebb )anbBa¢aTijemeronCvelx15 Edl
eqøIyqøgtamsMbuRt[ m:ahÁút pitF½r nig ´. XIFI nwgeXIjfa GVIeTACaCvelx eyIgnwgecHrebob
sresr[Tan;smþIniyayenAqñaMxagmux. eTaHCay:agNak¾eday ýl;eXIjfakarecHsresr
GkSrsm¶at;dUecñH KWBitCasMxan;Nas;.
´QWcg¥úlédy:agxøaMg ¬enAédeqVgrbs;´¦ dUecñH´minGacG‘utexaGav)aneT. saFu eTAcuH¡.
elak v:an; daGan cg;[´GgÁúyCab;Kat;enAeBljúaM)ay BIeRBaH m:ahÁút minjúaMtamcMNUl
citþrbs;Kat;. ehIycMENk´ éBjcitþdUrkEnøgGgÁúyNas;. enAeBlenaH kñúgsYnc,armanqμa
exμAtUcmYyedIrcuHedIreLIg EdleFVI[ńwkeXIj mYreC CaTIRslaj;rbs;´. mUlehtumYyeTot
EdlćUlcitþbþÚrkEnøgGgÁúyKWfa m:ak;EtgEtrG‘Udak;´ CaBiesseBlkMBugjúaM)ay. \LÚvenH
m:ahÁút CaGñkTTYlrgkarrG‘Umþg. m:ahÁút R)akdCamin)anTTYlkarrG‘UenaHeT BIeRBaHm:ak;min)an
eFVIkarkt;smÁal;EdleFVI[QWcab;cMeBaH m:ahÁút CakUnRsIKYrykCaKMrUeLIy. sBVéf¶enH ÉtgEt
niyaycMGn; m:ahÁút Canic©fa CakUnRsIKMrUmñak; ehIyBaküenHeFVI[ m:ahÁút s¥b;kñaj;bMput. b:uEnþ
TIbMput RbEhlCa m:ahÁút nwgpøas;bþÚr. vanwgenAsl;eBlevlaeRcIneTot.
edIm,IbBa©b;erOgRcbUkRcbl;enH erOgkMEbøgEdleFVI[rIkrayy:agxøaMgmYyRtÚv)anniyay
R)ab;edayelak v:an; daGan³
etIGVIEdlbnøWsMeLgRkwk²ekAsibR)aMbYndg ehIybnøWsMeLgRkibmYydg?
stVeRmImRBHEdlmaneCIgEkkmYy.
lasinehIy/ Gan;
15 viFIsresrGkSrrh½sedayeRbIsBaØa b¤ rebobsresrGkSrkat;.
éf¶esAr_ TI3 Extula qñaM1942

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
mSilmij eK)anniyaycMGn;[´RKb;Kña BIeRBaHédksNþÚkxøÜnEk,relak v:an; daGan
« »
enAelIERKrbs;Kat;. enAGayub:unÉg¡ KYr[xμaseGonNas;¡ nigmanBaküsmþICaeRcIneTotEdl
manRbePTdUcKña. enHKWBitCasmþIqáÜt²Emn. ´minEdlcg;eKgCamYyelak v:an; daGan tam
rebobEdlBYkeKcg;faenaHeT.
mSilmijm:ak;nig´ mankarb:HTgÁicKñamYyfμIeTot ehIym:ak;BitCabgákarrMxanEmnETn. m:ak;
)anniyayR)ab;):aBIkMhusqÁgrbs;´TaMgGs; ehIyKat;cab;epþImyM. cMENk´k¾yMEdr ehIy´
« »
QWk,alvilmuxrYceRsceTAehIy. TIbMput ´R)ab;):afa ´Rslaj; Kat; eRcInCagRslaj;m:ak;
ehIy):aeqøIytbnwg´vijfa erOgenHnwgknøgeTA b:uEnþ ´mineCOfaG‘ÍcwgeT. ´minGacRTaMRTnwgm:ak;
)aneToteLIy ehIy´RtÚvEtbgçMcitþxøÜnÉg eRBaHEtmincg;eRbIrebobRTeKaHe)aHe)akeTAelIKat;
KμanQb;Qr ehIyrkSakares¶óms¶at;rbs;´ eBlEdlćg;THkMepøógm:ak;. ´minyl;fa ehtuGVI
)anCa´manGarmμNm_ ni cUlcitmþ a: k;xaø gM EbbenH. ):aniyayfa ebIma: k;manGarmμNm_ ni l¥bQ
¤ kW ,al
´KYrEtsμ½RKcitþCYym:ak; b:uEnþńwgminCYyeT BIeRBaH´mincUlcitþKat; mü:ageTotmkBI´Kμancitþpg.
´GacKitRsémfam:ak;nwgsøab;enAéf¶NamYy b:uEnþkarsøab;rbs;):a ´dUcCaminGacRsémdl;esaH.
´kacxøaMgNas; b:uEnþenaHKWCaGarmμN_Edl´man. ´sgÇwmfam:ak;nwgminGanerOgenH b¤erOgepSg
eTotEdl´)ansresreLIy.
fμI²enH ´RtÚv)anGnuBaØat[GanesovePAsRmab;mnusSeBjv½yeRcInCagmun. ´kMBugGan
« »
esovePA yuvv½yrbs; eGv:a niBn§eday nIkU v:an; sak;etEln. ýl;fa BMmu anGVEI bøkKñaxøagM rvag
RbelamelakenHehIynigRbelamelaknanasRmab;ekμgRsICMTg;²eT. eGv:a eCOfa ekμg²duH
ecjBIedImeQIdUcEpøe):amEdr ehIyfastVkukmkBaMykEpøe):amenAeBlEpøTaMgenaHTMu ehIynaMyk
eTA[em². b:uEnþ qμajIrbs;mitþRsI eGv:a mankUnCaeRcInEdlekItecjmkBIeBaHrbs;va dUecñaH
eGv:a Kitfa qμajIk¾dUcman;jIEdr KWvaBgnigRkabBgTaMgenaH ehIyfa em²EdlTnÞwgcaMekItkUnmYy
)aneLIgeTACan;elIBIrbIéf¶muneBlvabeBa©jBgmYy ehIyRkabenAelIBgenaH. enAeBlEdlkUn
TaMgenaHekItecjmk em²EdlenAmankmøaMgexSayenAeLIy)anenAsMkuky:agyUr. eGv:a man
bMNgcg;)anTarkmYyEdr. eBlenaH eGv:a )anykRkmaeramstVmYy ehIyRkalelIdIedIm,I[
BgFøak;eTAelIRkma bnÞab;mk eGv:a RkabcuH ehIycab;epþImxþt. eGv:a cab;epþImeFVIRkúk² ¬dUcem
50 Gan;E®hVg
man;ehAkUn¦ b:uEnþBMumanBgelcecjmkesaH. enATIbMput bnÞab;BIkarrg;caMGs;ry³eBlmYyy:ag

yUr vaelcecjGVImYymkEmn b:uEnþBMuEmnBgmYyeT KWsac;RkkmYydMueTAvij. etI eGv:a
xμaseGony:agNaeTA¡. ehIynagKitfanagQW. KYr[cg;esIcNas;EmneT?. kñúgesovePA
erOgyuvv½yrbs; eGv:a k¾manniyayBI®sþIlk;xøÜnenAtampøÚv edIm,IluyeRcIn²Edr. ńwgsøab;
cMeBaHmuxmnusSRbúsmñak;EbbenaH. mü:ageTot eKniTanBIkarmanQamrdUvCaelIkdMbUgrbs;
eGv:a. GU+ ´BitCacg;[manrdUvqab;². enAeBlenaH ńwgeTACamnusSeBjv½ymñak;.
):a)ancab;epþImrG‘UrTaM ehIyKMramdkhUtesovePAkMNt;ehtuRbcaMéf¶rbs;´. GU+ PaBP½y
xøacBitCamanmYyehIymYyeTot¡ cab;B\I LÚvenHeTA ńwglak;esovePAkMNt;ehtuRbcaMéf¶[)at;.
Gan; E®hVg
éf¶BuF TI7 Extula qñaM1942

ýl;sbþifa>>>
´)aneTARbeTssVIs. ):anigéKgenAkñúgbnÞb;EtmYy ehIybnÞb;sikSarbs;ekμgRbús²*
)anERbkøayeTACabnÞb;TTYlePJóv Edl´GacTTYlePJóv)an. eK)aneFVI[´mankarPJak;ep¥IlmYy
edayBYkeK)anTijeRKOgsgðarimfμI²sRmab;´ EdlrYmmantuvilmYy tueronmYy ekAGImanPñak;éd
nigekAGIEvgmYy. GVI²TaMgGs;Gs©arüxøaMgNas;. BIrbIéf¶eRkaymk ):a)an[luy´150hÁIldW
EdlbþÚrCaluysVIs b:uEnþńwgehAluyhÁIldW dEdl ehIyR)ab;´[TijGVI²Edlýl;facaM)ac;
sRmab;xøÜnÉtmñak;Kt;. ¬eRkaymk´TTYl)anmYyhÁIldW kñúgmYys)aþh_Edl´GacykeTATijGVI
tamcitþćg;)an¦. écjdMeNIrCamYy bWn ehIyTij³
Gavkñúg sac;KUtug 3 x 0/50=1/50

exakñúg sac;KUtug 3 x 0/50=1/50
Gavkñúg sac;ELn 3 x 0/75=2/25
exakñúg sac;ELn 3 x 0/75=2/25
sMBt;RTnab; 2 x 0/50=1/00
* bWnhad ¬bWn¦ nig esþhVan eGelos bgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYyrbs; Gan;.

GavRTnab; 2 ¬TMhMtUcbMput¦ x 0/50=1/00

exaGaveKg 5 x 1/00=5/00
r:UbBak;enArdUvekþA 1 x 2/50=2/50
r:UbrdUvrga 1 x 3/00=3/00
GavFMxøIBak;eKg 2 x 0/75= 1/50
exñIytUc 1 x 1/00=1/00
Es,keCIgRsalsRmab;Bak;enAkñúgpÞH 1KU x 1/00=1/00
Es,keCIgkk;ekþAsRmab;Bak;enAkñúgpÞH 1KU x 1/50=1/50
Es,keCIgrdUvekþA ¬sala¦ 1KU x 1/50=1/50
Es,keCIgrdUvekþA ¬»kasBiess¦ 1KU x 2/00=2/00
Es,keCIgrdUvrga ¬sala¦ 1KU x 2/50=2/50
Es,keCIgrdUvrga ¬»kasBiess¦ 1KU x 3/00=3/00
eGomkarBarsemøókbMBak; 2 x 0/50=1/00
kEnSgéd 25 x 0/05=1/25
eRsameCIgEvg sac;sURt 4KU x 0/75=3/00
eRsameCIgRtwmCgÁg; 4KU x 0/50=2/00
eRsameCIg 4KU x 0/25=1/00
eRsameCIgEvgRkas; 2KU x 1/00=2/00
GMe)aHELns 3hug ¬exaGavRTnab; mYkkatwb¦=1/50
GMe)aHELnexov 3hug ¬Gavrga sMBt;¦=1/50
GMe)aHELncMruHBN’ 3hug ¬mYkkatwb Rkma¦=1/50
Rkma ExSRkvat; Rkvat;k eLv=1/25
bUkbEnßm semøókbMBak;sala2sRmab; ¬rdUvekþA¦ semøókbMBak;sala2
sRmab; ¬rdUvrga¦ sMBt;r:Ubl¥2sRmab; ¬rdUvekþA¦ sMBt;r:Ubl¥2sRmab; ¬rdUvrga¦
sMBt;rdUvekþA1 sMBt;ls¥ Rmab;rdUvrga1 sMBt;rdUvrgasRmab;eTAsala1 GavePøóg1
GavFMrdUvekþA1 GavFMrdUvrga1 mYk2 mYkkatwb2. srubTaMgGs; 108/00hÁlI dW.
52 Gan;E®hVg
kabUb2 eRKÓgesøókBak;sRmab;elgsÁIelITwkkk1eRKÓg Es,keCIgsÁI1KU

eks1 ¬edaymanemSA ERkmlabEs,k ERkmlabmuxmunnwgEtgmux ERkmsm¥at
Es,k fñalM abEs,k[eLIgBN’daMEdg sMLI eRKÓgBüa)alrbYsbeNþaHGasnñ fñalM ab
f<al;[Rkhm ERkmlabbbUrmat; exμAédKUrcieBa©Im GMbileraykñúgTwkgUt emSAsRmab;
gUtTwk TwkGb;plitenATIRkúgkULÚj16 sab‘U BUktUcsRmab;pat;emSAkñúgenaHpg¦.
bEnßmGavrga4 x 1/50 Gav®sþ4I x 1/00 vtßeú pSg² x 10/00 ehIy
nigesovePAGMeNaytUc x 4/50.
éf¶suRk TI9 Extula qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
éf¶enH´manEtdMNwgEdl[RbpñÚlGaRkk; nig EdleFVI[Gs;sgÇwmRtÚvR)ab;Égb:ueNÑaH.
mitþCVIhVCaeRcInrbs;eyIgnigGñkFøab;sÁal; )anRtÚveKnaMykecjeTACaRkúm². b:Ulissm¶at;én
rbbNasuI KWBYkehÁsþab:U17 )aneRbIGakb,kiriyay:ageRKatRKatcMeBaHmnusSTaMgenH ehIy)andwk
BYkeKtamTUrfePøIgsRmab;dwkstVeTAkan; evsÞ½rb‘rk_ EdlCaCMrMFMsRmab;CnCatiCVIhVenA eRDnf_18.
emob )anniyayR)ab;BYkeyIgBImnusSmñak;Edlrt;eKcecjBICMrMenaH. evsÞ½rb‘rk_ RbEhlCaCMrM
KYr[xøacxøaMgNas;. eKKμanpþl;GVI[mnusSTaMgenaHbriePaKeT ehIy[pwkTwktictYcesaHnwgGt;
eRBaHfa BYkeKmanTwkEtmYyem:agb:ueNÑaHkñúgmYyéf¶ ehIymanbgÁn;EtmYyKt; nig bnÞb;lublag
xøÜnmYysRmab;mnusSrab;Ban;nak;. burs ®sþI nigkUnekμgeKgkñúgbnÞb;CamYyKña ehIy®sþInigekμg²
RtÚvekarRtegalCajwkjab;. cg;eKcecjBITIenaHminCakargayeT. mnusSCaeRcInenACMrM suT§Et
RtÚvsmÁal;edayk,alRtegalrbs;BYkeK ehIyPaKeRcInedaysarlkçN³rUbragkayrbs;eKCa
CnCatiCVIhV.
ebIenAkñúgRbeTshuløg;y:ab;eTAehIy etIenAkEnøgdac;Rsyal nig minsuIvil½yEdl
GaløWm:g;RtÚvbBa¢ÚnBYkeKeTAenaHy:ab;b:unNaeTA? eyIgsnñidæanfa GñkTaMgenaHPaKeRcIn muxCaeK
smøab;minxan. viTüúGg;eKøs)anniyayfa BYkeK)anRtÚvbMBul[søab;eday]sμ½n. RbEhlenaH
16 TIRkúgénRbeTsGaløWm:g;PaKxaglic.
1 7 b:Ulissm¶at;GaløWm:g;kñúgrbbNahSúI.
1 8 CaextþmYyénRbeTshuløg; zitenAkñúgPaKxagekIténRbeTs.
CaviFIsmøab;mnusSEdlrh½sCageKbMputehIyemIleTA.
´manGarmμN_søútcitþy:agxøaMg. emob )anniyayBIesckþIrn§t;TaMgenHedaykgVl;citþbMput
ehIyxøÜnnagpÞal;k¾Bi)akcitþxøaMgEdr. Ca]TahrN_ éf¶munb:Ulissm¶at;)anTmøak;®sþICVIhVBikar
cMNas;mñak; enAxagmuxTVarpÞHrbs;Kat; enAeBlb:Ulissm¶at;GaløWm:g;eTArkrfynþmYyedIm,IdwkKat;
ykeTA. ®sþcI N M as;EdlKYr[GaNit )anRtÚveFV[I P½yxøagM edaysMeLgkaMePøgI )aj;tRmg;ynþehaH
Gg;eKøs nig BnøWePøIghVaEdleKbBa©aMgeTAelIemX. b:uEnþ emob minh‘an[®sþIcMNas;enaHcUlkñúg
eLIy. KμannrNah‘aneFVIdUecñHeT. BYkGaløWm:g;TaMgenH minEdlRbNIesaHeLIykñúgkareFVITukçeTas.
ebb k¾minmanGarmμN_rIkrayb:unμanEdr. mitþRbúsrbs;Kat;RtÚvbBa¢ÚneTARbeTsGaløWm:g;.
erogral;elIkEdlmanynþehaHehaHsMkaMgxønÜ elIGakas Kat;eLIgj½rxønÜ cMRbb; ERkgynþehaHTaMg
enaHnwgTmøak;RKab;EbkTaMgGs;rbs;vamkelIk,alrbs; bWTUs. mankarniyaykMEbøgelgCaeRcIn
«
RbePTdUcCafa³ GU+¡ kMuRBÜy)armÖGI RKab;EbkTaMgenaHRbEhlminFøak;mkelI bWTUs TaMgGs;eT b¤ »
« »
RKab;EbkEtmYyRKab;KWRKb;RKan;ehIy KWesÞIrEtminsmelIkykmkniyayelgesIckñúg
sßanPaBenHeT. bWTUs minEmnCamnusSEtmñak;Kt;EdlRtÚvbgçM[cakecjeTAeFVIkarenARbeTs
GaløWm:g;enaHeT. rfePøIgEdlpÞúkbursekμg²ecjdMeNIreTAral;éf¶. BYkeKmYycMnYn)anBüayam
lYcecjBIrfePøIg niglak;xøÜnenAeBlrfePøIgQb;enAsßanIy_tampøÚv b:uEnþmanEtBIrbInak;b:ueNÑaHGac
eKcrYcxøÜn nigrkkEnøglak;xøÜn)anedayK~annrNadwg.
« »
´BMuTan;begðIyerOgTukçesakrbs;éT. etI XIFI Føab;B¤Bakü cMNab;xμaMg Edrb¤eT? enaHKW
CaTNÐkmμfμIbMputsRmab;BYkGñkeFVIviT§gSna. vaCaerOgBi)akRTaMbMputEdlÉgGacnwkRsémeXIj.
RbCaBlrdæeqñIm²CaeRcInEdlKμankMhus suT§EtRtÚv)anCab;Kukedayrg;caMEtkarRbharCIvit
b:ueNÑaH. ebIsinGñkNamñak;RbRBwtþGMeBIbMpøicbMpøajmYy ehIyEdlCnelμIsBMuRtÚv)anrkeXIjeT
enaH b:Ulissm¶at;GaløWm:g;muxCaykcMNab;xμaMgR)aMnak; erob[QrCaCYrTl;nwgCBa¢aMgmYymin
xan. Cajwkjab;eK)anRbkasBIkarsøab;rbs;cMNab;xμaMgTaMgenHtamkaEstedaycat;TukCa
« »
]bTÞvehtu .
BYkGaløWm:g;CamnusSGmnusSFm’. ´Kitfa ´minmansBa¢atiGalWøm:g; eRBaHékItenARbeTs
GaløWm:g;. taMgBIyUryarmkehIy GuIEtør )aneFVI[BYkeyIgeTACamnusSEdlKμansBa¢ati ehIy
mü:ageTot enAkñúgBiPBelakK~ansRtÚvNaGaRkk;CagsRtÚvrvagGaløWm:g;nigCnCatiCIVhVeT.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
54 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶BuF TI14 Extula qñaM1942

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
´mankic©karRtÚveFVIeRcInNas;. mSilmij ´)ancab;epþImkargaredaybkERbCMBUkmYy
« »
ecjBIesovePA La Eb‘l nIevIeNs edaykt;vaküsBÞTukpg. bnÞab;BIenaH éFVIcMeNaTd¾Esn
Bi)akmYy nigbkERbevyüakrN_)araMgbITBM r½ EfmeTot. éf¶enH evyüakrN_)araMgnigRbvtþsi a®sþ.
´FujRTan;nwgeFVIcMeNaTd¾EsnBi)akenHerogral;éf¶Nas;. ):ak¾minGacrkcemøIycMeNaTenH
eXIjEdr ehIy´GaceFVIcMeNaTesÞIrEtBUEkCag):aeTAeTot b:uEnþniyay[Gs;eTA KμanGñkNaBUEk
CagGñkNaeT dUecñH):anigÉtgEtehA m:ahÁút [CYyCanic©. ´xMeronCvelxedayBüayamy:ag
xøaMg ´Rslaj;muxviC¢aenHNas;. kñúgcMeNameyIgbInak; KW´rIkrayelOnCageK.
« »
´)anGancb;esovePA RKÜsarBüúH . esovePAenHKWl¥Nas; b:uEnþl¥minesμInwgesovePA
« »
CUb eTI hWl eT. mü:ageTot eKeXIjenAkñúgesovePAenaH nUvvaküsBÞdUcKñaEtmYy EdlenHCa
erOgFmμtaTaMgRsugsRmab;esovePAEdlsresredayGñkniBn§EtmYyenaH. elakRsI suIssuI
v:an; m:akevld_ CaGñkniBn§Gs©arüNas;. ´R)akdCanwg[kUn²rbs;´GanesovePAEdlKat;niBn§
EdrehIy.
ehIybnÞab;mk ´)anGansñaéderOgelçanrbs;elak k½rN½r mYyKMnr. ćUlcitþrebob
sresrrbs;Kat;. ]TahrN_ hidvihÁ/ Dw xahSwn ®hVm eRbmin/ Dw hÁÚevINws/ Dw ®hÁIn dUmINU.l.
m:ak; m:ahÁút nig ´ )anmanTMnak;TMngnwgKñay:agCitsñiT§mþgeTot. karEdlCitsñiT§nwgKñaEbb
enaHKYr[sb,ayrIkrayNas;. yb;mij m:ahÁút nig ´ )anedkelIERKrbs;´. eyIgedk»bKña
dUcCaRtIsaDIn b:uEnþenHCaerOgEdlKYr[Gs;sMeNIcNas;. m:ahÁút )ansYr´fa etIKat;GacGan
esovePAkMNt;ehtuRbcaMéf¶rbs;´mþgmáal)aneT.
« »
éqøIyfa )ansRmab;EpñkxøHénesovePA ehIybnÞab;mk ´)ansYrBIesovePAkMNt;ehtu
RbcaMéf¶rbs; m:ahÁút vij. m:ahÁút )anyl;RBm[´GanesovePAkMNt;ehtuRbcaMéf¶rbs;Kat;
Edr.
rYcBIenaH eyIg)ancab;epþImniyayBIerOgGnaKtmþg ehIy´sYrfaetI m:ahÁút cg;køayCaGVI
enAéf¶eRkay. b:uEnþ Kat;mincg;niyayBIerOgenHeT ehIyKat;eFVIb£kCamanGaf’kM)aMgmYyy:agFM
b:uEnþ´snñidæanfa Kat;cg;eFIVCaRKÚbeRgonmñak;. EmnehIy ´GacPan;RcLM b:uEnþtameyabl;´vanwg
sßitenAkñúgKMeRKagkarTaMghñwgÉg. ´minRtÚveFVIxøÜncg;dwgerOgeKeBkeT.
RBwkenH ´TeRmtxøÜnelIERKrbs; pitF½r bnÞab;BI)anbeNþj pitF½r ecj. pitF½r xwgxøaMg

Nas; b:uEnþ´min)anxVl;eT. pitF½r Gackan;Etrak;Tak;CamYy´bnþicmþg² BIeRBaH´)an[Epøe):am
Kat;mYykalBIyb;mij.
éf¶mYy ´)ansYr m:ahÁút fa etIKat;yl;eXIjfa´GaRkk;Nas;EmneT. m:ahÁút niyayfa
´manmnþesñh_ ehIymanEPñks¥at. Bi)akTTYlbnþic ÉgKitG‘ÍcwgeT XIFI?.
)anehIy caMeBleRkay¡.
Gan; E®hVg
esckþIbEnßm RBwkenHBYkeyIg)aneLIgføwgelICBa¢Igmþgmñak;. \LÚvenH m:ahÁút manTm¶n;

60KILÚRkam m:ak; 62KILÚRkam ):a 70KILÚRkam Gan; 43KILÚRkamknøH pitF½r 67KILÚRkam
elakRsI v:an; daGan 53KILÚRkam elak v:an; daGan 75KILÚRkam. kñúgeBlbIExcab;taMgBI´
)anmkenATIenH ´)anekInTm¶n; 8KILÚRkamknøH. eRcInNas;EmneT?.
éf¶GgÁar TI20 Extula qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
édrbs;énAj½renAeLIy eTaHbICakarP½yxøacrbs;eyIg)anekItmantaMgBIBIrem:agmunenH
k¾eday. ÉgRtÚvdwgfa manFugBnøt;GKÁiP½yR)aMeRKÓgenAkñúgpÞH. buKÁlikkariyal½yqáÜtEmn )an
ePøcR)ab;BYkeyIg[dwgCamunfa CageQIRtÚvmkdak;bMeBjFugBnøt;GKÁiP½yEfmeTot. dUecñH KW
eyIgBMu)anykcitþTukdak;fanwgs¶at;es¶ómGVITaMgGs; rhUtdl;eBlEdl´B¤sMeLgjjÜrvayelI
kEnøgrabesμI ¬Tl;nwgTUdak;esovePA¦. ´KiteTAdl;CageQIPøam ehIyéTAR)ab; ebb EdlkMBug
júaMGaharéf¶Rtg;[dwgCamunfa Kat;minGaceTACan;eRkam)aneT. ):anig´)anQrEGbnwgTVaredIm,I
[dwgfa eBlNaeTIbbursenaHecjeTAvij. bnÞab;BIeFVIkarGs;ry³eBlRbEhlCa db;R)aMnaTI
CageQI)andak;jjÜr nig Rbdab;RbdaepSg²rbs;Kat; elITUdak;esovePArbs;eyIg ¬BYkeyIg
RKan;EtsnñidæaneT¡¦ ehIymkeKaHTVareyIg. BYkeyIgeLIgesøksøaMgedayP½yxøac. etIKat;)an
B¤sMeLgGVImYy ehIycg;BinitüemIlTUdak;esovePAEdlhak;dUcCamanGaf’kM)aMgenHb¤? vaTMngCa
G‘ÍcwgEmnehIy BIeRBaHKat;enAEteKaH Taj ruj nigGRgÜnTUdak;esovePAenaH.
ésÞrI Etsnøb; edayP½yxøacERkgmnusScEmøkenH rkeXIjkEnøglak;xnÜø d¾lr¥ bs;BkY eyIg.
56 Gan;E®hVg
ehIycMeBlEdl´kMBugnwkKitBIéf¶Citsøab;rbs;énaH Rsab;EtBYkeyIgB¤sMeLgrbs;elak ekøm:g;

«
niyay ebIkTVar KWéT . »
BYkeyIgebIkTVarPøam. etImanGVIekIteLIg? TMBk;Edlf<k;TUdak;esovePACab;KaMgElgkeRmIk

ekIt KWehtuenHehIy)anCaKμannrNamñak;GacR)ab;BYkeyIgdwgCamunBIvtþmanCageQI. CageQI
cuHeTA)at;ehIy elak ekøm:g; manbMNgmkrk ebb b:uEnþ enAEtminGacebIkTUdak;esovePA)an.
´minGacR)ab; XIFI faeBlenaH´manGarm~N_FURsalkñúgcitþy:agNaeT. enAkñúgkarRsémrbs;´
burs Edl´Kitfa manbMNgcUlmkkñúgGKarbEnßmsm¶at;rbs;eyIgcab;manrUbragkan;EtFMeLIg²
ehIyTIbMput hak;dUcCakøayeTACaykSmYy ehIyenHKWCaGñkkan;lT§ihVasuIsmñak; EdlCaCMBUk
GaRkk;CageKbMput. edayP½BVl¥GIV²mindUcCakarKitrbs;éT.
BYkeyIgnaMKñaelgsb,ayNas;kalBIéf¶c½nÞ. emob nig eCn )aneKgCamYyBYkeyIg.
m:ahÁút nig ´ )aneTAeKgmYyyb;kñúgbnÞb;rbs;):anigm:ak; edIm,ITukbnÞb;eyIg[RKÜsar hÁIs eKg.
muxmðÚbsRmab;TTYlePJóvman»CarsNas;. PaBsb,ayrIkray RtÚvGak;xanmYyry³xøI enAeBl
GMBUlePøIgrbs;):arlt;edayTUesSExSePøIg ehIyBYkeyIgsßitenAkñúgPaBggwtPøammYyrMeBc.
etIRtÚveFVIdUcemþc? BYkeyIgmanhVúyhSúIbePøIg b:uEnþRbGb;hVúyhSIúbenAxageRkayXøaMgggwt
ÉeNaH EdlKYr[xøac. k¾b:uEnþ burs²)an RbfuyRbfan ehIykñúgry³eBldb;naTIbnÞab;mk BYk
eyIgGacBnøt;eTonykTukvij.
RBwkenH éRkaktaMgBIRBlwm. eCn )anesøókBak;rcY CaeRsc BIeRBaH eCn RtÚvecjdMeNIr
enAem:agR)aMbInigsamsibnaTI dUecñH eCn RtÚvjúaMGahareBlRBwkrbs;xøÜn[ehIyeRsc enACan;elI
evlaem:agR)aMbI. emob kMBugrvl;esøókBak; ehIyéXIjKat;kMBugsßitenAkñúgsPaBBak;Gav
RTnab;enAeLIy enAeBlćUleTA. Kat;esøókexaxøIsac;ELny:agRtwmRtÚvdUcÉdr enAeBlKat;CiH
kg;. dl;evnEdl m:ahÁút nig ´ esøókBak;exaGavmþgehIyeyIgsßitenACan;elIrh½sCagral;dg.
bnÞab;BIjúaMGahareBlRBwkd¾KYr[cUlcitþrYcmk emob )ancuHeTACan;xageRkammuneK. enAxageRkA
ePøógkMBugFøak;ya: gxøagM ehIyeFV[I emob sb,aycitEþ dlmincaM)ac;CHi kg;eTAeFVkI areT. érobcMERK
CamYy):a ehIybnÞab;mk éronkiriyas½BÞmineTotTat;)araMg )ancMnYnR)aM. etI XIFI Kitfa xMRbwg
xøaMgNas; EmneT?
m:ahÁút nig pitF½r kMBugGanesovePAenAkñúgbnÞb;rbs;eyIg edayman mUsQI GgÁúycMekag
xñgEk,r m:ahÁút enAelIekAGITeRmtEvg. bnÞab;BIéronkiriyas½BÞmineTogTat; )araMgcb; ´k¾eTA
« »
cUlrYmCamYyBYkeKEdr nigGanesovePA éRBRBwkSaERskeRcogrkPaBGmt³ . enHBitCaesovePA
d¾l¥mYy b:uEnþvaxusEbøkBIFmμtaxøaMgNas;. ´GanCitcb;ehIy.
s)aþh_eRkay KWCaevnrbs; ebb mkelgnwgeyIgenAeBlyb;mþg.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶RBhs,t× TI29 Extula qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
´mankar)armÖxøaMgNas;. ):amanCMgW. xøÜnrbs;):aRKbdNþb;eTAedaysñamGuC²CaeRcIn
ehIymankemþAy:agxøaMg. eKniyayfaenHCakRBa¢il. ehIyBYkeyIgminGaceTArkGñkNa)aneT
sUm,IEtevC¢bNÐti mñak;ke¾ day KW)anRtwmEtKitb:eu NÑaH¡ m:ak;kBM gu EteFV[I ):aEbkejIs edaysgÇwm
fanwgeFVI[kemþAfycuH.
RBwkenH emob )anR)ab;BYkeyIgfa eRKÓgsgðarimRtÚv)aneKykecjBIpÞHElVgrbs;RKÜsar
v:an; daGan enA hSúydW GaMesÞlLaGan19. BYkeyIgminTan;)anR)ab;elakRsI v:an; daGan BIerOg
« »
enHenAeLIyeT. elakRsI v:an; daGan BitCa RCÜlRcal; xøaMgNas;enAeBlenH ehIyBYkeyIg
mincg;B¤smþIt¥ÚjEt¥rrG‘UrTaMmþgeTot GMBIcanB½rsWELnl¥² nigekAGIs¥at² EdlKat;RtÚvTukenApÞH
rbs;Kat;enaHeT. BYkeyIgk¾RtÚvTukecalrbs;l¥²esÞIrEtTaMgGs;dUcKñaEdr. etIeBlenHt¥ÚjEt¥r
)anRbeyaCn_GVI?
\LÚvenH ):acg;[´GanesovePAEdlniBn§eday ehbEbl nig esovePArbs;Gkñ niBn§GalømW g: ;
Edll,IeQμaHepSgeTot. eBlenH´GacGanPasaGalømW g: R; Kan;ebIehIy b:Eu nþéRcInEtGanB¤tci ²
edayminGans¶at;²eLIy. b:uEnþminCaGVIeT. ):a )anyksñaédniBn§rbs; háÚs_ nig sÁIl½r BITUFMdak;
esovePA ehIymanbMNgGan[´sþab;erogral;yb;. BYkeyIg)ancab;epþImBIesovePAerOg dun «
»
karLÚs eTA. edIm,IeFVItamKMrUl¥rbs;):a m:ak;)anykesovePAFm’rbs;Kat;mkdak;kñúgéd´. ´
sURtFm’xøH²CaPasaGaløWm:g; ykEtnamb:ueNÑaH. Fm’TaMgenaHsþab;eTABitCaBieraHxøaMgNas;
b:uEnþmann½ycMeBaH´tictYcbMput. ehtuGVI)anCam:ak;cg;tRmÚv[éFVIdUcCaGñkeCOsasnaxøaMgemø:H?
éf¶Es¥k BYkeyIgnwgdut]sLkemþACaelIkTImYy. bMBg;EpSgmin)andussm¥atCayUrmk
19 CaeQμaHpøÚvmYyenAkñúgTIRkúgGamsÞWdam PaKxagt,Úg.
58 Gan;E®hVg
ehIy dUecñHEpSgePøIgc,as;CahuyeBjbnÞb;minxan. eyIgsgÇwmfa LkemþAenHdMeNIrkar)anl¥

eTAcuH¡.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶c½nÞ TI2 Exvicäika qñaM1942

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
yb;éf¶suRk ebb sßitenACamYyBYkeyIg. enHCaraRtIrIkraymYy b:uEnþ ebb eKg
minsUvlk;eT BIeRBaHKat;)anpwkRsaxøH. eRkABIenHKμanGVIBiessRtÚvraykarN_eT. mSilmij ´
QWk,alxøaMgNas; ehIyćUleKgtaMgBIRBlb;. m:ahÁút )aneFVI[´mYem:AekþARkhaymþgeTot
ehIy.
RBwkenH ćab;epþImerobRkdasÉksarkñúgRbGb;dak;slakbR½tmYyrbs;kariyal½y
BIeRBaHva)anrlMFøak;ehIyRcLMcUlKñaTaMgGs;. erOgenHc,as;CaeFVI[´Lb;sμartIminxan ehIy´
)ansMu[ m:ahÁút nig pitF½r CYy b:uEnþGñkTaMgBIrCamnusSkm¢ilNas; G‘Ícwg´k¾Tukvaecal. ´min
l¶g;eTAeFVIEtmñak;ÉgenaHeT¡.
Gan; E®hVg
esckþIbEnßm éPøcniyayR)ab;ÉgGMBIBt’mansMxan;fμImYyKW´RbEhlCamanrdUvqab;²
enHehIy. ´dwgxøÜnBIerOgenH edaysarEtéXIjmansñamBN’seRBÓg²RbLak;kñúgexaRTnab;
rbs;´ ehIym:ak;)anniyayTukCamunfavanwgmankñúgeBlqab;². ´tk;Rkhl;swgsøab;eTAehIy.
erOgenHBitCaRBwtþikarN_d¾mansarsMxan;xøaMgNas;. EtKYr[sþayEdl´minGaceRbIRkNat
;Gnam½y eRBaHfa ´rkvaBMu)an ehIyRTnab;sMLIrbs;m:ak;GaceRbI)anEtCamYy®sþIEdlmankUn
b:ueNÑaH.
eyabl;Edl Gan; bEnßmkñúg éf¶TI22 Exmkra qñaM1944³

ÉlgGacsresrerOgdUecñHeTotehIy.
edayebIkemIlesovePAkMNt;ehtuRbcaMéf¶rbs;éLIgvij bnÞab;BrI y³eBlmYyqñakM nøH ´mankarPJak;
ep¥Ily:agxøaMg cMeBaHPaBrLikrLk;mindwgGIrbs;´. CakarBit´dwgfa eTaHbICa´RbwgERbgGs;BIkmøaMgkaycitþ
y:agNak¾eday k¾ńwgmineTACadUcedImvijEdr. ´Gacyl;BIkarpøas;bþÚrGarmμN_ nig karGtßaFib,ayGMBI
m:ahÁút m:ak; nig ):a hak;dUcCaéTIbEt)ansresrvaTaMgenaHkalBImSilmijG‘Ícwg b:uEnþ´minGacRsémdl;

karsresreday\tlak;elomBIerOgepSg²eToteT. ´mankarxμaseGonxøaMgNas; enAeBlGanTMB½rEdl
sresrGMBIerOgepSg²EdlćaM)anfa val¥CagFatuBitrbs;va. karBiBN’narbs;´BitCaKYr[xμaseGon
Nas;. b:uEnþb:uNÑwgRKb;RKan;ehIysRmab;erOgenH.
´k¾Gacyl;dl;GarmμN_nwkrB£kpÞH nig karcg;)an mYreC CaxøaMg. RKb;eBlevlaEdl´)anenATIenH
´)anR)afñacg;)anesckþITukcitþ esckþIesñha nig karfñak;fñm. esckþIRtÚvkarenH CYnkalvamanlkçN³xøaMg
CYnkalvaexSay b:uEnþvasßitenAkñúgxøÜnĆanic©.
éf¶RBhs,t× TI5 Exvicäika qñaM1942

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
enATIbMputkgT½BGg;eKøs)anTTYlC½yCmñHxøH²enATVIbGa®hVik ehIyTIRkúgsþalIgRkad20 enA
minTan;RtÚvdeNþImkan;kab;enAeLIy dUecñHRbús²manGarmμN_sb,ayrIkrayy:agxøaMg ehIyeyIg
júaMkaehVnigEtenARBwkenH. eRkABIenHKμanGVIBiesseT.
s)aþh_enH ´)anGanesovePACaeRcInk,al ehIyeFVIkargarbnþicbnþÜc. enHKWCaTmøab;Edl
RtÚveFVIenAkñúgBiPBelak edIm,Ieq<aHeTArkGnaKtd¾RtcHRtcg;.
fμI²enH m:ak;nig´)ancuHsRmúgnwgKñaCagmun b:uEnþ BYkeyIgBMuEmnCitsñiT§nwgKñaeT. ):aRtÚveFVI
[GMBl;edayerOgmYycMnYntUc EdlKat;mincg;niyayecjeLIy b:uEnþ ):aenAEtCamnusSKYr[
Rslaj;Canic©. BYkeyIgdutLkemþAtaMgBIBIrbIéf¶mkehIy ehIybnÞb;TaMgmUlenAEteBareBj
edayEpSg. ćg;[manLkemþA ehIyRbEhlminEmnmanEt´mñak;ÉgeTEdlcUlcit.þ m:ahÁút Ca
mnusSKRmk; ¬´minGacykBaküepSgmkdak;CMnYsBaküenHeT¦. Kat;eFVI[ékþARkhayKμanQb;
TaMgRBwk éf¶nigyb;.
Gan; E®hVg
20 TIRkúgmYyenAPaKxagt,ÚgkñúgRbeTsrusSIú.
60 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶esAr_ TI7 Exvicäika qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
m:ak;mYem:AxøaMgEmnETn ehIyenaHminEmnCasBaØal¥sRmab;éT. etIvaRKan;EtCakarKab;CYn
mYyb¤ Edl):anigm:ak;mni EdlsþbI enÞas m:ahÁtú ehIyEtgEtbenÞas´RKb;EterOgenaH? ]TahrN_
kalBIyb;mij m:ahÁút kMBugGanesovePAmYyEdlmanrUbPaBs¥at² eRkaymk m:ahÁút eRkak
eLIgehIydak;esovePAenaHeTAmçag. ´kMBugTMenrKμaneFVIGVIeT dUecñH´k¾cab;esovePAenaHeLIgehIy
« »
cab;epþmI emIlrUbPaB. m:ahÁtú RtLb;mkvijeXIjesovePA rbs;Kat; enAkñgú éd´ Kat;cgcieBa©mI
ehIyTarykesovePAvijTaMgxwg. ćg;emIlEfmbnþeTot. eBlenaH m:ahÁút rwtEtxwgeLIg
«
ehIym:ak;niyayGnþraKmn_³ m:ahÁút kMBugGanesovePAhñwg RbKl;[ m:ahÁút vijPøam . »
):acUlmkdl; edaymindwgfamanerOgGVIekIteLIgpg ehIyyl;eXIjfa éFVIxuscMeBaH

«
m:ahÁút ehIyriHKn;´fa³ ):acg;dwgfa etIÉgnwgeFVIdUcemþc ebIsin m:ahÁút kMBugemIlesovePANa
mYyrbs;ÉgenaH¡ . »
edaysarEtBYkKat; ćuHcaj;y:agrh½sehIydak;esovePAcuH rYcedIrecjBIbnÞb; TaMg «
»
mYhμg . ´KμanRceLat KμanxwgGVIeT b:uEnþ RKan;EteRkómRkM.
vaminRtwmRtÚvTal;EtesaH Edl):akat;esckþITaMgmindwgerOgehtuy:agem:cpg. ńwg
RbKl;esovePA[eTA m:ahÁút edayxøÜnÉg ehIykan;Etqab;Cagm:ak;R)ab;eTAeTot RbsinebI):anig
m:ak;mineFVIGnþraKmn_ nigminqab;kan;eCIg m:ahÁút hak;dUcCa m:ahÁút kMBugEtrgnUvGMeBId¾Esn
GyutþiFm’G‘Ícwg.
EmnehIy m:ak;kan;eCIg m:ahÁút. BYkeKEtgEtkan;eCIgKñaeTAvijeTAmk. ´suaMnwgerOgenH
Nas; dUecñH´)ankøayCamnusSElgeGIeBIngw karsþbI enÞasrbs;ma: k; ehIynigPaBrjúarM j:vÚ rbs;
bgRsI. ´Rslaj;BkY eK b:Eu nþedaysarEtBYkeKCam:ak; nigCa m:ahÁtú . ´minxVlK; ti KUrdl;BkY eK
CamnusSmñanwgeKnwgÉgeT. cMeBaH´ BYkeKy:agem:ck¾y:agem:ccuH. b:uEnþ cMeBaH):avij vaCaerOg
epSg. enAeBlEdléXIj):alem¥ógeTAxag m:ahÁtú edayeBjcitnþ gw RKb;skmμPaBrbs; m:ahÁtú
sresIr m:ahÁtú »b m:ahÁút ´manGarmμN_QWcab;ekItTukçkñúgxøÜn eRBaH´Rslaj;):axøaMgNas;.
ýkKMrUtam):a ehIyKμannrNamñak;kñúgelakenHEdlRslaj;):aCagéLIy. Kat;mindwgeTfa
Kat;manGakb,kiriyacMeBaH m:ahÁút xusEbøkBIkarEdlKat;mancMeBaH´³ m:ahÁút RKan;EtqøatCageK
citþl¥CageK s¥atCageK nigRbesIrCageKedaysMNagb:ueNÑaH. É´ RKan;EtCamnusSKYr[Fuj
nig CaGñkbgáerOgkñúgRKÜsarb:ueNÑaH ÉtgEtRtÚvrgeTaseTVdg cMeBaHkMhusqÁgrbs;´³ TImYy´RtÚv

eKsþIbenÞas ehIybnÞab;mkxøÜn´pÞal;k¾dk;Cab;eTAedaykþIGs;sgÇwm. ÉlgeBjcitþnwgesckþI
Rslaj;EdlKμann½y b¤karniyaydak;KñaxøaMg²RbcaMeTotehIy. ćg;)anGVImYyBI):a Edl):amin
Gac[)an. ´minRcENnnwg m:ahÁút eT ´minEdlRcENneLIy. ´minRcENnnwgR)aCJa b¤smösS
rbs; m:ahÁút eT. vaRKan;Etfa ćg;manGarmμN_fa ):aBitCaRslaj;´ minEmnedaysarEtĆa
kUnrbs;Kat;enaHeT b:uEnþedaysarĆa´ KW Gan;.
ĆitsñiT§nwg):a BIeRBaHkarmineKarBrbs;ćMeBaHm:ak; kMBugEtekIneLIgral;éf¶ ehIytam
ry³):aEtmñak;Kt;Edl´GacTukGarmμN_cugeRkayxøH²EdlénAmansRmab;RKÜsar. ):aminyl;
eTfa CYnkal´RtÚvkarbeBa©jGarmμNr_ bs;ćMeBaHm:ak;. ):amincg;ny i ayGMBvI aeT ehIy):aeKcevH
BIkarBiPakSamYycMnYnEdlCab;Tak;TgnwgkMhusrbs;m:ak;.
b:uEnþ ´Bi)akRbQmmuxCamYym:ak; eTaHCaeBlKat;eFIVxusk¾eday. ´mindwgfa etI´KYreFVI
rebobNaeT. ´minGacRbQmmuxnwgkareFVsRbEhs karcMGkbBaÄWcitþ nigPaBKμanemtþarbs;
Kat;eLIy pÞúyeTAvij´k¾minGacbnþTTYlykkarsþIbenÞascMeBaHerOgGVITaMgGs;.
´mansPaBpÞúyBIm:ak;. dUecñHeyIgTaMgBIrEtgb:HTgÁicKñaCanic©. ´Kμanectnavaytémøm:ak;
eT. ´KμansiT§ieLIy. ´GacvaytémøKat;kñúgnamKat;Camþayb:ueNÑaH. cMeBaH´ Kat;minEmnCamþay
mñak;eT. ´RtÚvEtedIrtYCamþaycMeBaHxøÜnÉg. ´)anpþac;xøÜnq¶ayBIBYkeK. ´kMBugEtKUsTisedA
rbs;´pÞal; ehIy XIFI nwgeXIjfa etIvanaMéTAkEnøgNa. ´KμankareRCIserIseT edayehtu
fa ´GacKitRsémnUvGVIEdlmþay nigRbBn§mñak;KYreFVI ehIy´hak;dUcCaminGacrkeXIjGVIdUcG‘Ícwg
«
Tal;EtesaH cMeBaHRsþIEdl´RtÚvehAfa mþay . »
´R)ab;xøÜnÉgmþgehIymþgeTotfa RtÚveGIeBInwgKMrUGaRkk;rbs;m:ak;. ´RKan;Etcg;eXIj

cMNucl¥rbs;m:ak;b:ueNÑaH nig edIm,IBinitüemIlmkkñúgxøÜnÉgnUvGVIEdlm:ak;kMBugEtxVHxat. b:uEnþ va
min)anseRmceLIy ehIyerOgEdlGaRkk;bMputKW):anigm:ak;minyl;dwgBIPaBxVHxatrbs;BYkKat;
pÞal; nigmindwgfa ´benÞasKat;TaMgBIreRcInb:unNaeT edaysarEtKat;eFVI[´xkcitþ. etIman«Buk
mþayNaEdlGaceFVI[kUnsb,ayrIkrayTaMgRsug)aneT?
CYnkal´Kitfa RBHkMBugEtBüayamsakl,g´ TaMgeBl\LÚvnigeBlGnaKt. ´RtÚvEt
køayCamnusSl¥mñak;edayxøÜnÉgpÞal; edayKμannrNamñak;eFVICaKMrU b¤TUnμanéLIy b:uEnþvanwgeFVI[´
kan;EtrwgmaMeLIgenATIbBa©b;.
62 Gan;E®hVg
eRkABI´ etIGñkNaeTotnwg)anGansMbuRtTaMgenH? eRkABI´ etIGñkNaeTotEdl´GaceTA

sMuPaBkk;ekþA)an? Cajwkjab;´RtÚvkarkarlYgelamcitþ. ´manGarmμN_Tn;exSayCajwkjab;
ehIykan;Etjwkjab;eTAeTotenaH KW´minEdlTTYlGVIsmdUckþIsgÇwmeLIy. ´dwgEbbenH
ehIyral;éf¶ ´taMgcitþeFVI[RbesIreLIgEfmeTot.
Gakb,kiriyarbs;Kat;TaMgBIrcMeBaHÉRbRbÜlrhUt. éf¶mYyKat;TaMgBIrniyayfa Gan; KWCa
ekμgRsImñak;EdlmanvicarNBaØaN nig ecHdwgdUcmnusSFM ehIyeRkaymkniyayfa Gan; KWCa
mnusSeqatl¶g;EdlmindwgGVIesaH ehIysμanfa Gan; )andwgGVI²TaMgGs;Edl Gan; RtÚvkardwgBI
esovePA¡ ´minEmnCakUnek~geT minEmnCaTarkrBwsmñak; Edlral;TegVIrbs;vaeFIV[eKesIckñaj;
eT. ´manKMnitKeRmagEpnkar nig]tþmKtipÞal;rbs;´ b:uEnþRKan;Et´KμansmtßPaBbeBa©jva[
c,as;las;enAeLIyeT.
GU+¡ )anehIy. bBaðaCaeRcIn)ancUlmkkñúgxYrk,alrbs;ńaeBlyb; enAeBlénAmñak;Ég
b¤k¾enAeBléf¶ eBlEdl´RtÚvtRmÚv[RTaMRTnwgmnusSEdl´minGacGt;RTaM)an b¤mnusSEdl
snñidæanxusCanic©BIbMNgrbs;´. enaHKWCaehtuplEdlenATIbMput ´RtÚvRtLb;mkrkesovePA
kMNt;ehtuRbcaMéf¶rbs;´. ćab;epþImenATIenaH ehIybBa©b;enATIenaH BIeRBaH XIFI Gt;Fμt;Canic©.
´snüanwg XIFI fa ńwgenAEtbnþeTAeTot eTaHCamanerOgGVIekIteLIgk¾eday ehIyfańwgrkeXIj
pøÚvpÞal;xøÜnrbs;´ ehIyTb;TwkEPñkrbs;´. ´RKan;EtsMu[´ GaceXIjlT§plxøH² b¤TTYlkarelIk
TwkcitþBInrNamñak;EdlRslaj;Étmþgb:ueNÑaH)anehIy.
kMuefáaleTas´ b:uEnþ KYrKitcMeBaH´dUcCamnusSmñak;EdlCYnkalQandl;cMNucRtÚvpÞúHkMhwg¡
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶c½nÞ TI9 Exvicäika qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
mSilmijKWCaéf¶xYbkMeNItdb;R)aMmYyqñaMrbs; pitF½r. eBlem:agR)aMbI ´sßitenACan;elI
ehIy´kMBugemIlGMeNayepSg²CamYy pitF½r. pitF½r TTYl)anEl,gm:UNUb:UlI21 mYy kabUbdak;
luyeFVIBIEs,kmYy Rbdab;ekarBukmat;mYy nig EdkekHGuc)arImYy. minEmnmann½yfa pitF½r
21 El,gmYyRbePTEdleKelgenAelIkþar EdlGñkelgeRbIluyEkøgkøayedIm,IBüayamTijRTBüsm,tþiEdlmanKUsenA
elIkþar. GñkQñHKWCaGñkEdleFVI[édKUepSgeTotKμanluyenAsl;.
Ck;)arIeRcInenaHeT Kat;minEmnG‘ÍcwgTal;EtesaH. EdkekHenaHemIleTALÚyNas;.

PaBPJak;ep¥IlxøaMgbMputenaH KWelak v:an; daGan )anR)ab;eyIgenAevlaem:agmYyfa kgT½B
Gg;eKøs)ancUldl;TIRkúg TuynIs2 2 kasaebøgka23 GUr:g;2 4 nig Gal;ehÁós25.
« »
BYkeyIgRKb;Kñaniyayfa enHKWCakarcab;epþIménTIbBa©b; b:uEnþ naykrdæm®nþIGg;eKøs
qWcQIl EdlRbEhlCaFøab;B¤erOgdUcKñaenARbeTsGg;eKøs)anRbkasfa karcUlmkdl;enH «
minEmnCaTIbBa©b;eT. vaEfmTaMgminEmnCakarcab;epþIménTIbBa©b;Edr. b:uEnþvaRbEhlCaTIbBa©b;

»
énkarcab;epþIm . etIÉgdwgBIPaBxusKñab¤eT? b:uEnþ vamanmUlehtusuTidæiniymCaeRcIn. TIRkúg
sþalIgRkad rbs;rusSúIEdlsßitenAeRkamkarvayRbharry³eBlbIExmkehIyenaH enAminTan;
Føak;kñúgédGaløWm:g;enAeLIyeT.
edIm,IeKarBlkçN³citþKMnit EdlsßitenACamYyGKarbEnßm ´KYrEtniyayR)ab;ÉgGMBI
es,ógGahar. ¬ÉgKYrEtdwgfa BYkGñkEdlenACan;elIsuT§EtCaGñksÁal;mðÚbq¶aj;²BitR)akd¦.
nMb½ugrbs;eyIgRtÚv)anykmk[ral;éf¶ edayGñkdutnMbu½gd¾rYsraymñak; EdlFøab;sÁal;
elak ekømg: .; EmnehIy BYkeyIgminmannMbgu½ eRcIndUckalenAÉpÞHeT b:Eu nþlmμ RKb;RKan;sRmab;jaú .M
b½NÑsRmab;Tijes,ógGaharrbs;eyIg suT§EtTijdUredaylYclak;. témøvaeLIgCaRbcaM.
va)aneLIgBI27 eTA 33hÁIldW rYcehIy. ehIyTaMgenHsRmab;EtkaEstmYyc,ab;b:ueNÑaH¡
edIm,IbRmúgTukeRKÓgbriePaKEdlminGacxUc bEnßmBIelIGaharkMb:ugCaeRcInEdlBYkeyIg
)ansþúkTukenATIenH BYkeyIg)anTijsENþkmYyrysamsibR)aMmYyKILÚRkam. mðÚbTaMgGs;enH
minEmnsRmab;EtBYkeyIgeT b:uEnþsRmab;buKÁlikkariyal½ypgEdr. mðÚbeRkóm²RtÚveyIgRck
dak;kñúg)avCaeRcIn edayf<k;BüÜrkñúgRckrebog EdlenAxagkñúgRckcUlsm¶at;rbs;eyIgEtmþg b:uEnþ
efñr)avRtÚvrEhkedaysarTm¶n;sENþk. dUecñH BYkeyIgk¾seRmcerI)avTaMgenaHecjeTAdak;
elIsáak ehIyeyIg)ancat; pitF½r [TTYlbnÞúkeFVIkargarlM)akenH edayelIk)avTaMgenaHeTAdak;
enAelIsaá k. pitF½r GacelIk)avcMnnY R)aMkgúñ cMeNam)avTaMgR)aMmy Y eTACan;elIeday\tmanbBaða
GVIeLIy. enAeBl pitF½r kMBugEtelIk)avTIR)aMmYy Rsab;Et)avenaHFøayeFVI[sENþkFøak;ecj
mk dUcCaePøóg b¤kd¾ cU CaRBilsENþkRkhmmYyEdlsacecjmkkñgú xül; ehIyFøak;rat;rayeBj
22 rdæFanIénRbeTsTuyensuI zitenAxageCIgénRbeTs.
23 TIRkúgFMCageKenARbeTsm:ar:uk. CakMBg;EpsMxan;enAGa®hVikxageCIg.
24 RkúgmYyenAkñúgRbeTsGal;ehSrI fitenAPaKBay½Bü enAtamQUgsmuRTGUr:g;.
2 5 rdæFanInigCaTIRkúgEdlFMCageKenARbeTsGal;ehSrI zitenAPaKxageCIgtamqksmuRTGal;ehÁós.
64 Gan;E®hVg
kaMCeNþIr. edaysarEtmansENþkRbEhlémÖbIKILÚRkamenAkñúg)avenaH va)aneFVI[mansMeLg

mYylan;B¤y:agxøaMgep¥IlGs;exμacRBaybisac. GñkenACan;eRkamRtÚvjúaMg[eCOCak;fa pÞHcas;
RTúDeRTamenH kMBgu Et)ak;sgátm; kelIk,alrbs;BkY eK. pitF½r mansPaBP½yxøacGs;my
Y Rsbk;
b:Eu nþ bnÞab;mk k¾pÞúHsMeNIceLIgedayemIlmkÉdlQrenAEk,rCeNþIr eRbóbdUcCaekaHtUcmYy
enAkNþalsmuRTBN’etñatEdlmanrlksENþkmkb:HnwgEPñkeKar´. BYkeyIgTaMgGs;)anRbjib
Rbjab;RbmUlva b:uEnþsENþktUcNas; ehIyrGileTotEdlremolcUlknøúkkenøót nig Rbehag
TaMgGs;. erogral;eBlEdlGñkNamñak;eLIgeTACan;elImþg² GñkenaHRtÚv»nerIssENþk ehIy
ykeTARbKl;[elakRsI v:an; daGan.
´viHEtePøcR)ab;fa )a:)anCasHes,IyBICMgWrbs;Kat;ehIy.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
esckþbI Enßm viTüúeTIbnwg)anRbkasfa TIRkúg Gal;ehÁós RtÚvvay)anehIy. m:ar:ku
kasaebøgka ehIynig GUr:g; sßitenAkñúgédGg;eKøstaMgBIbIbYnéf¶mkehIy. \LÚveyIgrg;caMEt
dMNwgBI TuynIs eTot.
éf¶GgÁar TI10 Exvicäika qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
enHCadMNwgd¾Gs©arü¡ eyIgnwgTTYlGñkTIR)aMbI[cUlmklak;xøÜnCamYyBYkeyIgEdr¡
Emn¡ BitR)akdNas;. BYkeyIgEtgEtKitfa enATIenHmanbnÞb;nigGaharRKb;RKan;sRmab;
mnusSmñak;EfmeTot b:uEnþBYkeyIgP½yxøacEtmü:agb:ueNÑaH ERkgdak;bnÞúkkan;EtF¶n;elIelak XuKø½r
nigelak ekøm:g;. b:uEnþedaydMNwgKYr[RBWxøacTaMgLayTak;TgnwgCnCatiCVIhVenAxageRkA kan;EtKYr
[RBÜy)armÖxøaMgeLIg²enaH ):a)ansÞabsÞg;citþsuPaBbursTaMgBIrnak;edaymuWgm:at; ehIyBYkeK
«
)anyl;RBmnwgKeRmagkarenHTaMgRsug. BYkeK)ankt;smÁal;edayRtwmRtÚvfa minfamnusSR)aM
»
BIrb¤k¾R)aMbInak;eT ebIvamaneRKaHfñak;enaH KWvadUcEtKñahñwg . enAeBlEdlcMNucenHRtÚv)anedaH
Rsay BYkeyIg)anBinitüemIlmnusSmYymþg² tamkarsÁal;rab;Ganrbs;eyIgTaMgGs;edIm,Irk
mnusSEtmñak;Kt;EdlGacbBa©Úlmkkñúgkarrs;enACamYyRKÜsarlYclak;rbs;eyIg. erOgenHmin
Bi)akeT. bnÞab;BI):a)anbdiesFjatisnþanTaMgGs;rbs; v:an; daGan BYkeyIg)aneRCIserIs
eBTüeFμjmñak; eQμaH Gal;bWt DusEsl. Gal;bWt rs;enACamYynarIkan;sasnaRKisþd¾Rss;
s¥atmñak;Edlmanv½yekμgCag Gal;bWt eTAeTot ehIyBYkeKRbEhlCamin)anerobkareT b:uEnþva

minsMxan;eT. Gal;bWt manekrþ×eQμaHl,Il,ajfaCamnusSs¶at;es¶óm nigéføfñÚr ehIytamkar
sÁal;Kat;esI²rbs;BYkeyIg Kat;hak;dUcCamnusSl¥KYr[cUlcitþ. emob k¾sÁal; Gal;bWt Edr
dUecñHeKGacpÞúkpþak;[Kat;bMeBjKeRmagkarrbs;eyIg)an. ebIsinCaKat;mk elak DusEsl nwg
RtÚveKgkñúgbnÞb;rbs;ĆMnsY m:ahÁtú EdlnwgmanERKbt;my
Y sRmab;edk*. BYkeyIgnwgesñ[I Kat;naM
ykmkCamYynUvrbs;xøH²edIm,Imkb:HeFμjRbehag²edaysardgáÚvsuI.
Gan; rbs; XIFI

XIFI smøaj;/
emob mkR)ab;BYkeyIgfa nag)aneTACYbelakevC¢bNÐit DusEsl ehIy. RKan;Et
emob cUldl;bnÞb;Pøam elak DusEsl )ansYrfa etInagrkkEnøglak;xøÜnsRmab;Kat;mYypg)an
EdreT. Kat;eRtkGry:agxøaMgenAeBlEdl emob niyayR)ab;Kat;fa nagmankEnøglak;xøÜnmYy
ehIyfaKat;caM)ac;RtÚvEteTAkan;TeI naH[)anqab;rh½sbMptu tamEdlGaceFVeI TA)an éf¶esAr_smrmü
Cagéf¶déT b:uEnþelak DusEsl KitfaerOgenHminGaceFVI)aneT BIeRBaHKat;cg;TUTat;bBa¢IcMNUl
cMNaynigBüa)alGñkCMgWrbs;Kat;BIrbInak;sin. enHCaerOgEdl emob )annaMmkR)ab;BYkeyIg
enARBwkmijenH. BYkeyIgminyl;RBmeT enAeBlrg;caMyUrdUecñH. karerobcMRbúgeRbobTaMgGs;
enH tRmÚv[mankarBnül;R)ab;mnusSmYycMnYnFMEdlminKYrnwg[dwgerOgGVIesaHeLIy. emob
manbMNgeTAsYrevC¢bNÐit DusEsl fa etIKat;GacerobcMxøÜnedIm,ImkenA éf¶esAr_ enH)aneT
b:uEnþ evC¢bNÐit DusEsl niyayfa éf¶esAr_ mkmin)aneT ehIyKat;nwgmkéf¶c½nÞvij.
ýl;eXIjfa vacEmøkEdrEdlelak DusEsl minrMeCIbrMCYlsMeNIrbs;BYkeyIg. ebI
sinCaKat;RtÚvcab;xøÜnenAtampøÚvKat;nwgminGacbBa©b;TaMgbiTbBa¢Iluykak; TaMgkarBüal)alGñkCMgW
rbs;Kat; dUecñHehtuGVI)anCamankarBnüareBl? cMENk´ ýl;eXIjfa ):aminKYreTarTn;tam
elak DusEsl esaH.
eRkABIenH KμanBt’manGVIfμIeT.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
* eRkayeBl DusEsl mkdl; m:ahÁút erIeTAeKgkñúgbnÞb;eKgrbs;«Bukmþaynag.
66 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶GgÁar TI17 Exvicäika qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;¡
elak DusEsl )anmkdl;ehIy. GVI²)andMeNIrkareTAdUcEdl)aneRKagTuk. emob
)anR)ab;elak DusEsl [sßitenAkEnøgCak;lak;mYyxagmuxkariyal½yéRbsNIy_ evlaem:ag
11RBwk EdlCaevlanwgmanmnusSmñak;mkCYbKat;. Kat;)aneTAdl;kEnøgNat;CYbenaH dUctam
eBlevla)anNat;Kña. elak ekøm:g; )anedIrtRmg;eTArkKat; eday)anR)ab;fabursEdlKat;RtÚv
CYbenaHminGacmk)aneT enAeBlenH ehIy)anesñ[I elak DusEsl eTACYb emob enAkariyal½y
rbs;Kat;. elak ekøm:g; )aneLIgyanEdledIredayGKÁisnI RtLb;eTAkariyal½yvij xN³Edl
elak DusEsl )anedIrBIeRkayKat;tampøÚvEtmYy.
enAem:agdb;myY nigémÖnaTI elak DusEsl )aneKaHTVarkariyal½ytic². emob )ansM[u
elak DusEsl edaHGavFMeRkAecjedIm,IkMu[eKeXIjpáayBN’elOg ehIynaMKat;eTAkan;kariya
l½ypÞal;xøÜn Edlelak ekøm:g; )anbnþenATIenaHrhUtdl;eBl®sþIGñke)assm¥atcakecj.
edayedaHsafa kariyal½ypÞal;xnÜø RtÚvcat;EcgeFVGI eIV pSgeTot emob )annaMelak DusEsl eTACan;
elI ebIkTUesovePAEdlvilCMuvijsñÚlmYy ehIyQancUleTAxagkñúgeRkamkarsmøwgemIlLigLg;
rbs;elak DusEsl.
enAeBlCamYyKñaenaH BYkeyIgTaMgR)aMBIrnak;)anGgÁúyCMuvijtuGaharenACan;elI rg;caMGñk
sñak;GaRs½yfμI edaymankaehVnigRsakUjak;pg. dMbUg emob naMelak DusEs cUlkñúgbnÞb;
sñak;GaRs½yrbs;eyIg. elak DusEsl )anBinitüsmÁal;eRKÓgsgðarimrbs;eyIgmYyrMeBc
b:uEnþ enAminTan;dwgfa eyIgTaMgGs;KñaenAcMBIelIk,alrbs;Kat;enAeLIyeT. enAeBl emob R)ab;
Kat;[dwgBIerOgenH Kat;PJak;ep¥Ily:agxøaMg esÞIrcg;snøb;. GrKuNRBHCam©as;Edl emob minTuk[
elak DusEsl enAkñgú PaBRsLaMgkaMgteTAeTot ehIy)annaMelak DusEsl eLIgeTACan;elImgþ .
elak DusEsl )andak;KUTeTAelIekAGI ehIysmøwgemIlBYkeyIgmYysnÞúH edayKμanniyaysþI
mYym:at; hak;dUcCaKat;cg;rkemIlkarBitenAelImuxrbs;BYkeyIgG‘Ícwg. bnÞab;mkelak DusEsl
«
niyayrdibrdubfa b:uEnþ>>>b:uEnþ etIGñkminenARbeTsEb‘lhSiúkeTb¤? kgT½B rfynþ BYkeKmin
Tan;mkeTb¤? karePosxøÜnrbs;GñkminseRmceCaKC½yeTb¤? . »
BYkeyIg)anBnül;R)ab;elak DusEsl niyayfa BYkeyIg)aneFVI[elcB¤sussayBI

erOgkgT½BnigrfynþenHedayectnaedIm,IbeBaäatmnusSmñanigBYkGaløWm:g; EdlGacmkrkBYkeyIg
eXIj. elak DusEsl )at;mat;dUceKcukCafμI enAcMeBaHmuxPaBbuinRbsb;EbbenH ehIymindwg

eFVIGIVTaMgGs;eBjmYyéf¶ eRkAEtBIecalEPñksmøwgemIledayegOgq¶l;CMuvijxøÜnKat;b:ueNÑaH eday
edIrBinitüBic½yemIlGKarbEnßmEdlRsYlrs;enA nigEdlmanpasukPaBbMputrbs;BYkeyIgy:ag
ditdl;. BYkeyIgjúaMGaharéf¶Rtg;TaMgGs;Kña. bnÞab;mkelak DusEsl eKgéf¶mYyRsbk; rYc
cUlrYmpwkEtCamYyBYkeyIg nig erobcMTukdak;rbs;rbrxøHEdl emob )annaMykmkTIenHCamun
ehIyKat;k¾cab;epþImmanGarmμN_FmμtaeLIgvijdUcenApÞHrbs;Kat;Edr. CaBiess enAeBlEdlBYk
eyIgpþl;[Kat;nUvbTbBa¢avayedayGgÁúlIelx sRmab;GKarbEnßmsm¶at; ¬Edlelak v:an; daGan
CaGñkbegáIteLIg¦.
briyay nig karENnaMcMeBaHGKarbEnßmsm¶at;
RKHw saß ncEmkø Kaμ nBrI sRmab;karsñak;GaRs½yCabeNþaHGasnñ
énCnCatCi hIV V ngi Gkñ EdleKdkhtU kmsμ Ti i§
ebIkTVareBjmYyqña³M sßti enAkñgú brisaß nmanéRBeQIsb¶ s
; a¶ t;ls¥ a¥ t cMkNþalTIRkúg
GamsÞdW am. KμanlMenAdæanÉkCnenAEk,rGKareT. GaceTAdl;edayyanEdledIr
edayGKÁsi nI elx13 nig 17 ehIyedayrfynþ nig kg;Edr. kñúgkal³eTs³xøH
EdlGaCJaFrGaløWm:g;hamXat;min[eRbImeFüa)aydwkCBa¢ÚnEbbenH KWeKGaceTA
dl;dUcKñaedayefμIreCIg. ElVgpÞH b¤bnÞb;EdlmaneRKÓgsgðarim b¤TeTs¥at Gac
eRbIR)as;)anRKb;eBlevlaTaMgGs;edaymanb¤KμanR)ak;éføQñÜlpÞH nigGahar.
témøQñÜlpÞH³ Gacsñak;enAedaymin)ac;bg;R)ak;.
rbbGahar³ Catixøaj;tic.
manTwkma:snIu hUrcUleTAdl;bnÞbT; kw ¬sMeu TasKμanGagRtaMgtU TwkeT¦ nigtamCBa¢agM
xagkñúg nigxageRkAepSg²Kña. c®gáandut]ssRmab;pþl;kemþAl¥\tex©aH.
kEnøgTMenrsRmab;dak;GIv:an;FMTUlay sRmab;TMnijeRcInmux. TUEdkFM TMenIbBIr.
viTüúpÞal;xøÜn EdlP¢ab;edaypÞal;eTAkan;TIRkúgLúgd_ TIRkúgjÚvy:k TIRkúgEtl
GavIv26 nigsßanIyviTüúepSg²eTotCaeRcIn. viTüúenH dak;[eRbIR)as;sRmab;Gñksñak;
26 CaTIRkúgFMCageKTIBIrrbs;RbeTsGuIRsaEGl.
68 Gan;E®hVg
enATaMgGs;cab;BIem:ag6l¶aceTA. hammin[sþab;Bt’manEdlRtÚvhamXat; b:uEnþ

mankrNIelIkElgxøH. b:usþ×viTüúGaløWm:g; GacRtÚvGnuBaØat[ebIkEtedIm,Isþab;t®nþI
buraNb:ueNÑaH. vaRtÚv)anhammin[sþab;dac;xatcMeBaHBt’manrbs;GaløWm:g; ¬eTaH
CamanRbPBmkBINak¾eday¦ ehIyRtÚvrMlgeTAsßanIyepSg²eTot.
em:agsRmak³ BIem:ag10yb; dl;em:ag7³30RBwk nig dl;em:ag10³15RBwk
sRmab;éf¶GaTitü. edaysarkal³eTs³ Gñksñak;enAGKarbEnßm RtÚv)antRmÚv[
eKarBem:agsRmakenAGMLgú eBléf¶ enAeBlRtÚv)anENnaM[eFVdI eU cñH edayGñkRKb;
RKg. edIm,Isvu tßPi aBGñkTaMgGs;Kañ eKRtÚvEteKareBem:agQb;sRmaky:agmugW m:at;¡¡¡
karlMEh³ hammin[mankarlMEhenAxageRkApÞH rhUtdl;eBlmankarCUndMNwg
bEnßmeTot.
kareRbIPasa³ caM)ac;RtÚvniyayTn;Pnø R; Kb;eBl. PasaGñkecHdwgTaMgGs;RtÚv
)anGnuBaØat elIkElgEtPasaGaløWm:g; RtÚvhammin[niyay.
karGannigkarkmSanþ³ hamGanesovePACaPasaGalømW g: ; elIkElgEtsñaédEpñk
viTüasa®sþ nigesovePATak;TgnwgGkSrsa®sþ. esovePAdéTeTotGacGan)antam
citþ.
karhat;R)aN³ erogral;éf¶.
kareRcóg³ RtÚveRcogedaysMeLgtic² nig enAeRkayem:ag6l¶ac.
ExSPaBynþ³ RtÚvmankarerobcMCamun.
kareron³ kareronCvelxtamry³sMbRu teqøyI qøgerogral;s)aþh._ kareronPasa
Gg;eKøs Pasa)araMg KNitviTüanigRbvtþiviTüamanral;eBl. mankarbg;luyéfø
beRgón ]TahrN_dUcCakarbeRgónPasahuløg;CaedIm.
GKardac;edayELkBIKañ sRmab;karEfTaMdl;stVcBi a©mw tUc²enApÞH ¬edayelIk
ElgEtstVl¥itcéRg EdltRmÚv[mankarGnuBaØatBiess¦.
em:agjúaMGahar³
GahareBlRBwk³ erogral;éf¶ evlaem:ag9RBwk elIkElgéf¶buNü nigéf¶
GaTitü. enAéf¶GaTitünigéf¶buNüenARbEhlevlaem:ag11³30RBwk.
GahareBléf¶³ júaMEtbnþicbnþÜc. BIem:ag1³15éf¶ dl;em:ag1³45éf¶.
GahareBll¶ac³ GaharRtCak;b¤ekþA. eBljúaMGaharGaRs½yeTAtamkar

pSayBt’man.
katBVkic©cMeBaHRkúmpÁt;pÁg;³ Gñksñak;enARtÚvEtRbúgeRbób edIm,ICYyeFVIkargar
kariyal½yRKb;eBlTaMgGs;.
kargUtTwk³ enAéf¶GaTitü FugRtaMmuCTwkKWRtÚv)andak;[Gñksñak;enAeRbIR)as;tam
citþ cab;BIem:ag9RBwkeTA. Gñksñak;enAGacgUtTwkenAkñúgbnÞb;TwkenAc®gáan)ay
enAkñúgkariyal½ypÞal;xøÜn b¤kariyal½yxagmux tamEdlBYkeKeBjcitþ.
Gal;kul³ sRmab;EteKalbMNgevC¢sa®sþb:ueNÑaH.
cb;.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
XIFI smøaj;/
BitdUcCaBYkeyIgKitG‘Ícwg elak DusEsl KWCamnusSl¥Nas;. EmnehIy elak
DusEsl minyl;Tas;kgúñ kareRbIbnÞbr; mY CamYyéLIy. niyayedayesμaH ´R)akdCaminsb,ay
citþeT EdlmanGñkdéTmñak;eRbIR)as;rbs;rbrrbs;´ b:uEnþ´RtÚvEtlHbg;edIm,IbuBVehtul¥mYy
ehIy´sb,aycitþEdl´GaceFVIkarlHbg;bnþicbnþÜcEbbenH. ):aniyayfa ebIeyIgGacCYy«
»
se®gÁaHmitþmñak;kñúgcMeNammitþTaMgGs;rbs;eyIg GIV²minsMxan;eT . ):aBitCaniyayRtÚvEmn.
enAéf¶dMbUgEdlelak DusEsl enATIenH Kat;)ansYrsMNYrĆaeRcIn ]TahrN_ dUcCa
etI®sþIGñke)assm¥atmkkan;kariyal½yem:agb:unμan eyIgerobcMcat;EcgeRbIR)as;bnÞb;lublag
xøÜny:agdUcemþc nigfa etIenAeBlNaeyIgmankarGnuBaØat[cUlbgÁn;CaedIm. ÉgnwgGs;sMeNIc
b:uEnþerOgenHBMuEmnRsYleTenAkñúgkEnøglak;xøÜnmYy. kñúgeBléf¶ BYkeyIgRtÚvsßitenAes¶óms¶at;
edIm,IkMu[B¤sUreTACan;eRkam ehIyebIsinCamannrNamñak;EdlmkBIeRkA ]TahrN_dUcCa®sþIbeRmI
kñúgpÞHCaedIm BYkeyIgRtÚvEtRbúgRby½tñeTVeLIg. ´xMBnül;elak DusEsl BIbBaðaTaMgGs;enH
b:uEnþ´PJak;ep¥IledayeXIjelak DusEsl Bi)akyl;dwgBIerOgenHy:agxøaMg. elak DusEsl
eRcInsYrerOgGVI²dl;eTABIrdg ehIyKat;enAEtmincaMGVI²EdlńiyayR)ab;Kat;esaH.
elak DusEsl RbEhlCaRKan;EtRtÚvvegVgbnþic edaysareTIbmkdl;b:ueNÑaH ehIyKat;
70 Gan;E®hVg
nwgCmñHva)an. GIVepSgeTot)anRbRBwtþeTAy:agl¥.
elak DusEsl )annaMdMNwgepSg²GMBIBiPBxageRkAmkR)ab;eyIg EdlBYkeyIgmin)an
sþab;taMgBIyrU mkehIy. erOgTaMgGs;Edlelak DusEsl niyayR)ab;eyIg KWCaerOgEdleFV[I
QWcab;. mitþPkþinigGñksÁal;KñaeRcInrab;minGs;suT§Et)anCYbRbTHeCaKvasnaKYr[xøacbMput.
mYyyb;² rfynþkgT½BBN’ébtg nig BN’RbepH ebIkeTAmkenAtampøÚv. BYkeKeKaHTVarRKb;pÞH
ehIysYrfa etImanCnCatiCVIhVrs;enAkñúgpÞH b¤eT? ebIman RKÜsarTaMgmUlnwgRtÚvcab;xnÜø . ebIKaμ n
BYkeKbnþeTApÞHEdlenACab;enaHeTot. KμanGñkNamñak;GaceKcevHBIkarcab;xnÜø )aneT elIkElgEt
lak;xnÜø . Cajwkjab; BYkeKsuTE§ tmanbBa¢eI QμaH ehIyeKaHEtTVarpÞHNaEdlBYkeKR)akdfa muxCa
manGñklak;xnÜø . BYkeKpþlC; aerOy²nUvrgVan;elIkTwkcitþCaeRcInsRmab;karcab;)anmnusSmñak;.
enHeRbobdUcCakartamrkcab;BYkTaskrkalBIsm½yedImG‘Ícwg. ´KμanectnaemIlRsalerOgenH
eT sßankarN_manlkçN³RbkbedayTukPç y ½ . Cajwkjab; enAeBll¶acrhUtdl;yb;ggwt ´
eXIjmnusSsøtÚ Rtg;edIrTaMgCYr²CamYyekμg²EdlyMsRsak; edIrKμanQb; eRkambBa¢akarrbs;
mnusSmYyRkúmtUc EdlvaydM nig eFVI)abBYkeKrhUtTal;EteFVI[BYkeKdYl b¤esÞIrEtdYl. Kμan
nrNamñak;RtÚv)anelIkElgeLIy TaMgGñkQW mnusScas; kumar TarknigRsþImanépÞeBaH BYkeK
TaMgGs;RtÚv)aneKbeNþIrnaMeTArkesckþIsøab;.
BYkeyIgmansMNagl¥Nas;enATIenH RsNuksuxRsYl nig s¶b;s¶at; putBIPaBvwkvr. BYk
eyIgnwgminRBÜy)armÖGVITaMgGs; cMeBaHehtukarN_TaMgenaH ebIsinvaminekIteLIgcMeBaHmnusSCaTI
Rslaj;bMputrbs;eyIg EdlBYkeyIgminGacCYy)an. ´hak;dUcCamanGarmμN_minl¥ EdleKg
kñúgERKkk;ekþAmYy enAeBlEdlenAxageRkAmitþPkþiCaTIRslaj;bMputrbs;´ RtÚveFIV[Gs;kmøaMg
nigTTYlkarvaydMy:agéRBépS.
ńwkP½yxøacxøÜnÉg enAeBlKiteTAdl;mitþCitsñiT§TaMgLay Edl\LÚvenHsßitenAkñúgédBYk
eBCÄXatsahaveXareXAbMput EdlminFøab;man.
ehIyerOgTaMgGs;enH eRBaHEtmUlehtumYyKt;KW BYkeKCaCnCatiCVIhV.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶suRk TI20 Exvicäika qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
BYkeyIgBitCamindwgfaRtÚveFVIy:agNaeT. rhUtmkdl;eBlenH mandMNwgTak;Tgnwg
CnCatiCVIhVtictYcNas; Edl)anelcB¤dl;BYkeyIgenATIenH ehIyBYkeyIgKitfa vaRbesIrbMput
EdlRtÚvrkSaGarmμN_eyIg[l¥tamEdlGaceFVI)an. yUr²mþg enAeBlEdl emob rbUtmat;
niyayelgesIcBIeCaKvasnaEdlminKYr[eCOrbs;Gkñ Namñak;EdlBYkeyIgsÁal; m:ak;be¤ lakRsI
v:an; daGan k¾yMGNþWtGNþk. dUecñH emob seRmccitþElgniyayteTAeTot. b:uEnþ eyIg
sYrelak DusEsl nUvsMNYrCaeRcIn ehIyerOgEdlKat;niyayR)ab;eyIgsuT§EtCaerOgEdlman
lkçN³GaRkk; nigsahavyg;XñgNas; EdleyIgBMuGacbMePøc)an. b:uEnþ mYyRsbk;eRkaymk
eyIgBüayamcab;epþImniyaykMEbøgelgesIc nig cMGn;KñaelgeLIgvij. eyIgmin)annaMpll¥GIV
sRmab;xnÜø eyIg b¤kG¾ kñ xageRkAeT ebIsni CaeyIgbnþebomTuk.ç ehIyetImanRbeyaCn_GVIeTAEdl
RtÚvERbkøayGKarbEnßmsm¶at;eTACaGKarbEnßmRsegHRsegacenaH?
eTaH´kMBugeFVIGVIk¾eday ÉtgEtminGacXat;xøÜn´min[KitBIGñkTaMgLayEdlRtÚveKcab;
eTAeT. ´bBaÄb;xnÜø ÉgenAeBlEdlkMBgu esIcsb,ay eRBaHGñkd¾éTkMBgu rgTuk.ç b:Eu nþ etI´RtÚvEtyM
ERskeBjmYyéf¶b?¤ eT¡ ´minGaceFVGI cÍ‘ gw )aneT. GarmμNT_ ku Rç BÜyTaMgGs;enHnwgrsay)at;eTA.
bEnßmelITukçRBÜyenHmanTukçRBÜymYyeTot b:uEnþ vamanedImehtuCaerOgpÞal;xøÜn ehIy
hak;dUcCaminFMdMueT ebIeFobnwgTukçRBÜyEdléTIbnwgniyay. b:uEnþ ´minGacecosminR)ab; XIFI
)aneTfa fμ²I enH ćab;epþmI manGarmμNd_ cU CaRtÚveKe)aHbg;ecal. ´RtÚvh‘BMu T½ e§ dayPaBlðelðv
mYyy:agFM. kalBImun ´minEdlBicarNaBIerOgenHeRcInG‘ÍcwgeT edaysarEtGarmμN_rbs;´
rvl;KitBImitþPkþi nig PaBrIkray. \LÚvenH ´KitTaMgerOgTukçRBÜy nigerOgxøÜnÉgpÞal;. ebIKti [
sBV²eTA ýl;eXIjfa ):aEtmñak;mni GacCMnsY BiPBelakkalBImnu rbs;´)aneT eTaHbICaKat;l¥
y:agNak¾eday. taMgBIyUrmkehIy Edlm:ak; nig m:ahÁút ElgRtÚvrab;bBa©ÚlkñúgmenaseBa©tna
rbs;´.
b:uEnþ ehtuGVIk¾´rMxanÉg edaykarniyayPøIePøIEbbenH? ´dwgfa ĆamnusSrmilKuNxøaMg
Nas; XIFI b:uEnþCajwkjyk,aléLIgvil enAeBlEdl´RtÚvsþIbenÞasxøaMgeBk ehIyelIsBIenH
ÉtgnwkKiteTAdl;erOgehtuEdl[RbpñÚlGaRkk;TaMgGs;KμanQb;Qr.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
72 Gan;E®hVg

XIFI smøaj;/
BYkeyIg)aneRbIR)as;GKÁisnIeRcInNas; nigelIsBIrbbkMNt;GKÁisnIsRmab;eyIg.
plvi)ak³ RtÚvsnSMsMécy:aghYsehtu ehIyRbQmmuxnwglT§PaBGacRtÚveKkat;pþac;GKÁisnIkñúg
eBlxagmux. db;bYnéf¶KμanePøIgbMPøW vaRsYldl;citþdl;kayEmneT? b:uEnþnrNadwgerOgenH
RbEhlCavaminEvgG‘ÍcwgeBkeT¡ vaggwtxøaMgNas; minGacGanesovePA)aneT cab;BIem:agbYnb¤
em:agbYnnigsamsibnaTIeTA dUecñHehIy)anCaBYkeyIgbM)at;karGpSúk edayeFVsI kmμPaBkMbkiu kMbku:
RKb;Ebby:ag³ karrkBakübeNþA karhat;R)aNkñúgPaBggwt karsMeNHsMNalCaPasaGg;eKøs
b¤ )araMg BinitüemIlesovePAepSg² ehIyyUr²eTA GVI²)aneFVI[FujRTan;enATIbMput. taMgBIyb;
mSilmij ´)anrkeXIjkarkmSanþfμImYy³ eRbIEkvywtd¾l¥mYy edIm,IqøúHemIlbnÞb;EdlmanBnøWrbs;
GñkCitxag. enAeBléf¶ BYkeyIgminGacebIkvaMgnn)aneT sUm,IebIkEtbnþick¾eday b:uEnþvaKμan
eRKaHfñak;GVIeT enAeBlggwtxøaMg.
´minEdleCOfa GñkCitxagGacCamnusSKYr[cab;GarmμNG_ cÍ‘ gw esaH y:agehacKWRkúmeyIg.
´Føab;eXIjGñkxøHGgÁúybriePaKGaharenAtu RKÜsarmYykMBugemIlExSPaBynþ nigeBTüeFμjenA
Tl;muxGKareyIgkMBugBüa)alRsþIcMNas;mñak;EdlkMBugP½y.
elak DusEsl EdleKEtgEtniyayfa cUlcitþekμg² nig Rslaj;ekμg²TaMgGs;enaH
xøaMgNas; )anbgðaj[eXIjfa Kat;CamnusSRbkan;vin½ycas;KMrwl ehIysURtFm’eTsnaEvghYs
ehtu. edaysar´mankarsb,aycitþEtmYyKt; enAkñúgkarEckrMElkbnÞb;d¾tUcceg¥ótbMput
edIm,Irs;enACamYyÉk]tþmmñak;enH nig edaysar´RtÚv)aneKcat;TukCaTUeTAfa CamnusSman
Gakb,kiriyaGaRkk;bMputkñúgcMeNamekμg²TaMgbInak;enAGKarbEnßmsm¶at;enaH KWmanEteFVIdUecñaHeT
eTIb´Gacecosvagmin[karsþIbenÞas nigkareRkInrMB£kRcMEdl vilvl;minQb;QrenAkñúgxYrk,al
rbs;´ ehIyéFVICamindwgminB¤GVITaMgGs;)an. erOgenHminF¶n;F¶reBkeT RbsinCaelak DusEsl
minEmnCamnusScak;ruk ¬b¤GuCGal¦ mñak; nigBMu)aneRCIserIsm:ak; edIm,Isþab;esckþIraykarN_
rbs;Kat;enaH. enAeBlEdl´rgTTYlkarsþIbenÞasxøaMg²rbs;Kat; m:ak;k¾sþIRbedA´dUcKat;Edr
edaysareBlenH Kat;ykesovePAKb;ÉfmeTotpg. ehIyebIsinCa´sßitkñúgéf¶maneCaKl¥
R)aMnaTIeRkay elakRsI v:an; daGan muxCarMB£k´[mansNþab;Fñab; ehIyk¾kMhitc,ab;pgEdr¡
kMunwkRsémfa vaCaerOggayRsYl EdlxøÜnRtÚvecameramTietonCakUnGaRkk;BIRKÜsarmYy
EdlcUlcitþsnSMerOg.
enAeBlyb; eBlEdl´sBa¢wgKitenAelIERK BIkMhusqÁgCaeRcInrbs;´ nigKuNvibtþiepSg²
EdleKecaTRbkan;´ vaeFVI[´vegVgs‘ugedaysarKMnrerOgr:avTaMgb:unμanenH edaymindwgfa ´RtÚvyM
b¤ke¾ sIceLIy edayGaRs½yelIGarmμNr_ bs;énAeBlenH. bnÞab;mk ´k¾eKglk;CamYyGarmμN_
cEmøkcg;køayxøÜnCaGVImYyepSgEdlminEmn´ b¤k¾manGarmμN_fa xøÜnÉgxusEbøkBIGVIEdlćg;eFVI b¤
k¾RbEhlCamanGakb,kiriyaepSgxusBIcitþcg;rbs;xøÜnÉg.
GU+¡ smøaj; \LÚv´kMBugEteFVI[smøaj;Lb;EdrehIy. GP½yeTas[´pg b:uEnþ´mincUlcitþ
qUtlubecalerOgr:avEdl´sresreT ehIyenAkñúgeBlevlaénkarxVHxatsem,ImenH eKmin[e)aH
ecalRkdasmYysnøwkeLIy. dUecñH ´RKan;EtGacENnaM XIFI kMu[GanvKÁxagelIeLIgvijb:ueNÑaH
ehIyCaBiesskMxu RM bwgBinti üerOgenH[Gs;Gacm_Gs;enam BIeRBaHÉgnwgKμanpøvÚ edaHxønÜ rYcBIvaeLIy¡
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶c½nÞ TI7 ExFñÚ qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
qñaMenH éf¶buNü hanukas27 nig saMg nIkULas28 eD esÞIrEteFVIeLIgkñúgeBlCamYyKñaEtmþg
RKan;EtxusKñamYyéf¶b:ueNÑaH. BYkeyIgminsUvxVl;nwgéf¶buNühanukasb:unμaneT. eyIg[KñaeTA
vijeTAmknUvGMeNaytUcxøH² ehIybnÞab;mkGuCeTonbMPøW. edaysareyIgxVHeTon eyIgGuCeTon
TaMgenHEtdb;naTIb:ueNÑaH b:uEnþdrabNaeyIgeRcogceRmogenaH briyakaskan;Etsb,ayrIkray.
elak v:an; daGan )aneFVITRmeTonmYyGMBIeQI dUecñHrbs;enHk¾RtÚvEfrkSaEdr.
enAyb;éf¶buNü saMg nIkULas eD naéf¶esAr_ briyakaskan;EtmansPaBrIkrayxøaMgEfm
eTot. eBjry³eBlénkarbriePaKGahareBll¶ac ebb nig emob )aneFVI[karcg;dwgcg;eXIj
rbs;eyIgkeRmIkeLIg edayxSwbexSóvCamYy):aminQb; RKan;EtBYkeyIgsgS½yfa BYkeKRbúg
eRbóbeFVIGIVmYyehIy. R)akdEmn enAem:agR)aMbI BYkeyIgTaMgGs;Kña)ancuHeTACan;eRkamtam
CeNþIreQI ehIyedIrtampøÚvrebogEdlggwtsøúg ¬´P½yj½rxøÜncMRbb; ehIy´manbMNgmkCan;elI
27 buNüsasnarbs;CnCatiCVIhV manry³eBl8éf¶ cab;epþImenAkñúgExFñÚ. buNüenHR)arB§eLIgedIm,IrMB£kdl;C½yCmñHrbs;
RbCaCnCIVhV kalBI165qñaM munRKisþskraC.
2 8 Caéf¶Qb;sRmakrbs;RKisþsasnikCnEdleFIVeLIgenAéf¶TI6 FñÚ EdlCaéf¶RBHnIkULassøab;.
74 Gan;E®hVg
CakEnøgmansuvtßiPaBvij¡¦ edIm,IedIrcUleTAkñúgbnÞb; EdlenAcenøaHkNþal CaTIEdlBYkeyIgGac

ebIkePøIg)an BIeRBaHbnÞb;enHKμanbg¥Üc. enAeBlenaH ):ak¾ebIkTVarTUFMEdlbBa©úHkñúgCBa¢aMg.
« »
BYkeyIgpÞúHsMeLgRKb;Kñafa GU+ em:ck¾l¥em:øHhñ+¡ .
Rtg;kenøótTU elceLIgnUvk®nþkFMmYy EdltubEtgedayRkdasBN’eqIt² nig r)aMgmux
ebøk pitF½r mY y .
BYkeyIg)anykk®nþkenaHeTACan;elIy:agrh½s. enAxagkñúgKWmanGMeNayKYr[cg;esIc
mYysRmab;mñak;² GmedaykMNaBüxøImYyEdltRmÚvtamsßanPaBCak;Esþgpg. XIFI BitCadwgBI
kMNaBüTaMgenaH EdlmnusSsresrCUnKñaeTAvijeTAmkenAéf¶ saMg nIkULas eD ehIyńwgmincmøg
kMNaBüTaMgenaHeLIgvij[ÉgeT.
´)anTTYlkUnRkmMu XüÚBI mYy ):aTTYlRbdab;Tb;esovePAbBaÄr.l. eTaHCay:agNak¾eday
KMnitenHBitCal¥RbesIrEmn ehIyedayBYkeyIgTaMgR)aMbInak; minEdl)anR)arB§BiFIbuNü saMg
nIkULas eD kñúgCIvitrbs;xøÜneT karR)arB§BiFIbuNüCaelIkdMbUgenH RtÚv)anTTYlsVaKmn_y:ag
rak;Tak;.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
esckþbI Enßm BYkeyIgmanGMeNaydUcKñanwgGMeNaysRmab;Gkñ enACan;eRkamEdr RKan;Et
rbs;xHø sl;BéI f¶bN
u ü hÁtú GUld_ eDs ehIycMENk emob nig ebb EtgEtdwgKuNcMeBaHluy.
éf¶enH BYkeyIg)andwgfa caneKaHkemÞc)arIrbs;elak v:an; daGan s‘umrUbftrbs;elak
DusEsl ehIynigRbdab;Tb;esovePAbBaÄrrbs;):a suT§EteFVIeLIgedayelak v:UsÁÚ pÞal;.
énAminTan;eCOfa manmnusSGacmanTwkédbuinRbsb;eFVIrbs;TaMgenHeLIy¡.
éf¶RBhs,t× TI10 ExFñÚ qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
BImun elak v:an; daGan CaGñkFøab;lk;sac; sac;Rkk nig eRKÓgeTs. Kat;)anRtÚveKCYl
edaysarcMeNHdwgxageRKÓgeTsrbs;Kat; b:uEnþKWeTBekaslüxageFVIsac;Rkkrbs;Kat;eTAvijeT
EdlkøayCamanRbeyaCn_enAeBl\LÚvenH ehIyEdleFVI[BYkeyIgrIkrayy:agxøaMgenaH.
BYkeyIg)anbBa¢aTijsac;kñúgcMnYny:ageRcIn ¬KWTijedaylYclak;¦ edIm,IRbLak;eFVICamðÚb
eRkómrkSaTukERkgelaCYbRKalM)aknaeBlxagmux. elak v:an; daGan )anseRmccitþeFVIsac;Rkk
eRbtvUsþ29 sac;RkkFmμta nig sac;RkkemtvUsþ30. ´manesckþIrIkrayEdlemIl elak v:an;

daGan dak;sac;cUlm:asuInkin³ mYydg BIrdg bIdg. bnÞab;mk elak v:an; daGan )andak;eRKÓg
pSMeTAkñúgsac;EdlkinrYc ehIyeRbIbMBg;EvgmYyedIm,Irujl,ayenaHcUleTAkñúgeBaHevonRCÚk. BYk
eyIgjúaMsac;Rkkhan;CadMutUc²CamYynwgés<ekþabRCk;Edlhan;Casrés² sRmab;Gaharéf¶Rtg;
b:uEnþsac;RkkEdlBYkeyIgRtÚvdak;kMb:ugRtÚvEteFVI[s¶ÜtCamunsin dUecñHBYkeyIg)anBüÜrsac;Rkk
TaMgenaHenAelITMBk;mYyEdlBüÜrBIBitanmk. RKb;KñaEdlcUlmkkñúgbnÞb;enH )anpÞúHsMeNIceLIg
enAeBlEdlBYkeKeXIjsac;RkkBüÜrsMyugcuH ehIyeyalrENgreNag. enHCaTidæPaBmYy
EdlemIleTAKYr[cg;esIcbMput.
enAkñúgc®gáan)aymansPaBRcbUkRcbl;y:agcEmøk. elak v:an; daGan kMBugEt eFVIsac;
edayBak;eGomkarBarexaGavrbs;RbBn§Kat; ehIyemIleTAdUcCaFat;Cagral;dg. CamYyéd
RbLak;Qam muxRkhm nigeGomRbLak;RkhmGuc² eFVI[elak v:an; daGan emIleTAdUcGñkkab;
sac;lk;EmnETnG‘Ícwg. elakRsI v:an; daGan )anBüayameFVIGIV²sBVEbby:agenAkñúgeBlCamYy
Kña³ eronPasahuløg;tamesovePAmYyk,al kUrsmø emIlsac; dkdegðImFM nigfÚ¶rGMBIq¥wgCMnIrrbs;
Kat;Edl)ak;. enaHCaGVEI dlekIteLIgcMeBaH®sþcI as;xHø enAeBlEdlBYkKat;hat;R)aNrebobePø²I
edIm,IkMu[kMeb:HKUTrbs;BYkKat;manxøaj;¡ DusEsl QWEPñkmçag ehIyenAGgÁúyEk,rc®gáankemþA
edayCUtEPñkrbs;Kat;nwgTwkEtkamU:m:al. BIm EdlGgÁúycMkEnøgEdlkaMrsμIénBnøWRBHGaTitüCH
cUltambg¥ÜcenaH )anrMkilekAGIrbs;Kat;mþgeTAenHmþgeTAenaH edIm,I[putBIBnøWéf¶. mü:ageTot CMgW
rlaksnøak;qgw¥ rbs; BIm R)akdCaeFV[I Kat;xlV x; aV yehIy BIeRBaHKat;GgÁy
ú beg¥anxønÜ bnþci ehIy
smøwgemIlkayvikarelak v:an; daGan edayTwkmuxcgcieBa©Im. Kat;mansPaBdUcmnusScas;maD
l¥itmñak; EdlBikarenAkEnøgsRmab;CYyse®gÁaHCnRkIRk. pitF½r kMBugEtRbELgelgCamYyqμa
eQμaH mUsQI CMuvijbnÞb; enAeBlEdl m:ak; m:ahÁút ehIynig´ kMBugEtbksMbkdMLÚges¶ar.
ehIyenATIbBa©b; KμannrNamñak;kñúgcMeNamBYkeyIgp©itp©g;eFVIkic©kar[)anRtwmRtÚveLIy BIeRBaH
BYkeyIgCab;rvl;emIlelak v:an; daGan.
DusEsl )anbeBa©jviC¢aeFVIeFμjrbs;Kat;. ńwgerobrab;R)ab;ÉgBIkarEdlKat;Binitü
GñkCMgWdMbUgrbs;Kat; edIm,I)anesIcbnþicbnþÜc.
29 CaeQμaHsac;RkkenARbeTsGaløWm:g;.
3 0 CaeQμaHsac;RkkenARbeTsGaløWm:g;.
76 Gan;E®hVg
m:ak;kMBugG‘utexaGav ehIyelakRsI v:an; daGan EdlCaCnRtÚvBinitüdMbUgeK )anGgÁúy

enAelIekAGImYykNþalbnÞb;. DusEsl ebIkv:alisrbs;Kat;yksmÖarecj emIleTAdUcCaman
sarsMxan;Nas; ehIy)anesñsI TuM kw Gb;kLU jÚ xøHsRmab;eRbICnM sY fñasM møab;emeraK nigv:asWlnI 31
edIm,IeRbICMnYsRkmYn. DusEsl )anBinitüemIlkñúgmat;rbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan ehIy)anBal;
eFμjBIr EdleFVI[elakRsI v:an; daGan RCÜjmuxedaykarQWcab; ehIyERsky:agxøaMg².
eRkayBIkarBinitüd¾yrU ¬yUrcMeBaHEtelakRsI v:an; daGan b:eu NÑaHBIeRBaHkarBinti üenH manry³
eBlminelIsBIBrI naTIeT¦ DusEsl cab;epþImduslagbNþÚleF~j. b:uEnþ elakRsI v:an; daGan
EdlKμanbMNg[ DusEsl dus )anTFak;édnigeCIgrhUtTal;Et DusEsl Elg]bkrN_rbs;
Kat;ecjBIéd ehIy>>> edayTuk[vaenAedatCab;kñúgeFμjrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan. eBlenH
y:ab;ehIy¡. elakRsI v:an; daGan erIbRmHxøÜnERskyM ¬xøaMgdUcEdlÉgGacERsk enAeBlman
]bkrN_EbbenaHenAkñúgmat;rbs;ÉgEdr¦ xMRbwgdkRbdab;ecaHeFμjecj b:uEnþ)anRtwmEtTmøúH[
rwtEteRCAbnþicEfmeTotb:ueNÑaH. elak DusEsl EdlykédRct;cegáH )anBinitüemIlTsSnIyPaB
enHCamYyPaBes¶óms¶at;dUcrUbcmøak; enAeBlEdlTsSnikCnÉeTotnaMKñaesIcy:agk¥akk¥ay.
BYkeyIgBitCaGaRkk;EmnEdlnaMKñaesIcdUecñH. vaeFVI[QWcab;Nas; eRBaHfa ebIsinĆaelak
RsI v:an; daGan vij ´R)akdCaERskrwtEtxøaMgCagenaHeTAeTot. bnÞab;BIkarrmYlxøÜn karTFak;
eCIg karERsk nigsMeLgf¶ÚrCaeRcIndgrYcmk enATIbMputelakRsI v:an; daGan k¾Gack®nþak;]bkrN_
enaHecj ehIyelak DusEsl )anbnþkargarrbs;Kat;hak;dUcCaKμanGVIekIteLIgesaH. elak
DusEsl eFVIeFμjqab;rh½sxøaMgNas; rhUtTal;EteFVI[elakRsI v:an; daGan KμaneBlcab;epþIm
ERskCafμIeToteLIy. b:uEnþeRkaymk elak DusEsl rkCMnYyCaeRcInnak;[CYy. GñkCMnYykar
minticCagBIrnak;eT. elak v:an; daGan nig éFVIkar)any:agl¥. TsSnIyPaBenH Rsedognwg
«
TidæPaBkñúgrUbcmøak;nayuKsm½ykNþal EdlmaneQ~aHfa evC¢bNÐitEkøgkøaymñak;kMBugeFVIkar . »
b:un~anéf¶enH GñkCMgW ¬elakRsI v:an; daGan¦ enAminsuxesaH BIeRBaHKat;RtÚvRby½tñcMeBaHsmø nig

mðÚbGaharEdlKat;júaM. erOgR)akdmYyenaHKWfa³ y:agehacNas;k¾mYyry³eBleTotEdr eTIb
elakRsI v:an; daGan mkCYbeBTüeFμjeTot¡.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
31 eRbgxab;dUccahYy manBN’elOgeRBÓg²eRbIeFVICafñaMlabEs,k b¤ dak;eRKÓgm:asuIn.

éf¶GaTitü TI13 ExFñÚ qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
´GgÁúyy:agmanesckþIsuxkñúgkariyal½yxagmux ehIysmøwgemIleTAxageRkAtamRbeLaH
cMhbnþci énvaMgnnRkas;². TIenHmanPaBggwtRBal² b:Eu nþvaRKb;RKan;lmμ [´sresr)an.
KWCaTidæPaBcEmøkmYyEdleXIjmnusSmñaeFVIdMeNIr. mnusSTaMgenaHhak;dUcCaRbjab;
Rbjal;xøaMgNas; rhUtdl;edIry:agelOnesÞIrEtCMBb;eCIgdYlxøÜnÉg. GñkCiHkg;vij Fak;kg;
y:agelOn rhUtdl;´minGacemIlsÁal;fa etInrNaeKCiHkg;enaH. mnusSenAkñúgsgáat;enH BMuman
b£kBaKYrCaTIKab;citþeLIy ehIyCaBiessekμg²kxVk;xøaMgNas; Égk¾mincg;b:HBal;BYkvaEdr.
enHCaek~gkñúgtMbn;GaNaFibetyüBitR)akdEmn. ésÞIrEtminyl;PasaEdlBYkvaniyayeLIy.
«
resoléf¶mSilmij enAeBl m:ahÁút nig ´kMBuggUtTwk ´)anniyayfa etIy:agem:cEdr
ebIBYkeyIgykdgsnÞÚc ehIysÞÚcekμg²EdledIrkat;TIenHmþgmYy² rYcdak;BYkvakñúgFugTwkduslag
»
xøÜn ehIyb:HsemøókbMBak;[vaehIybnÞab;mk>>> .
«
m:ahÁút eqøIykat;fa ehIybnÞab;mkéf¶Es¥k exaGavBYkvanwgKRKic nigrEhkryuIréy:dUcmun
»
dEdl .
b:uEnþ ´kMBugEtniyayRcbUkRcbl;Gs;ehIy. vamanrbs;epSgeTotEdlRtÚvsmøwgemIl³
rfynþ nava nig ePøóg. ´B¤sMeLgyanedIredayGKÁisnI nig sERmkekμg² ehIysMeLgenaHeFVI
[´)at;GpSúk.
karKitrbs;BYkeyIgmanPaBxusKñabnþicbnþÜcnwgkarrs;enArbs;eyIg. karKitenaHvilcuH
vileLIgminecHcb; edaybþÚrBIbBaðaCnCatiCVIhVeTAbBaðamðÚbGahar BImðÚbGahareTAerOgneya)ay.
niyayG‘Ícwg enAeBlnwkdl;CnCatiCVIhVenaH kalBImSilmij´)aneXIjBYkeKBIrnak;tamRbeLaH
vaMgnn. ´manGarmμN_dUcCakMBugsmøwgemIlGcäriyvtßúmYykñúgcMeNamGcäriyvtßúTaMgR)aMBIrrbs;
BiPBelak. vaeFVI[´manGarmμN_sb,aym:üag Edlhak;dUcCaĆaGñkraykarN_BIBYkeKeTA[
GaCJaFr ehIy\LÚvkMBugtamemIlCasm¶at;BIeRKaHGaRkk;rbs;BYkeK.
enAcMBImuxeyIgKWnavamYyenActes¶óm. CaTIEdlGñkebIknavars;enACamYyRbBn§nigkUn²
rbs;Kat;. Kat;manEqáetOmYy. BYkeyIgdwgBIkarmanEqátUcenH edaysarsMeLgRBúsrbs;vanig
edaysarcugknÞúyrbs;vab:ueNÑaH EdlBYkeyIgeXIjlyecjenAeBlEdlvart;CMuvijnava. GU+
KYr[sþayNas; ePøóg)ancab;epþImFøak; ehIymnusSPaKeRcIn)anRCkenAeRkamqR½trbs;BYkeK.
78 Gan;E®hVg
GVEI dlémIleXIjeRcInCageKKWGavePøóg ehIyCYnkaleXIjkBa©gw kEdlBak;mkY katwbBIelIk,al.

tamBit´mincaM)ac;emIlpg. mkdl;RtwmeBlenH ´GacemIlsÁal;®sþ²I Fat;k®nÞl²edaysarjúaM
dMLÚgEdlmanGaveRkABN’Rkhmb¤BN’ébtg nigEkgEs,keCIgswkercrbs;eK k®nþkeTApSarmYy
Cab;ngw edImédrbs;BkY eK TwkmuxRkjÚvb¤Rss;Rsay GaRs½yeTAtamGarmμNr_ bs;saV mI.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶GgÁar TI22 ExFñÚ qñaM1942

XIFI smøaj;/
Gñkrs;enAGKarbEnßm sb,ayrIkrayedaydwgfa BYkeyIgmñak;²nwgTTYl)anbWrbEnßm
mYyrydb;RkamsRmab;buNüNUEGl. eyagtamsarBt’man)an[dwgfa mñak;²RtÚvTTYl)an
BIrryémÖRkam b:uEnþ KWmanEtmnusSmansMNagb:ueNÑaHEdlTTYlb½NÑGaharUbtßmÖrbs;rdæ KWBMu
EmnsRmab;CnCatiCVIhVEdlrs;enAlak;xøÜndUcBYkeyIg EdlGacmanlT§PaBTijb½NÑenHenApSar
ggwtcMnYnbYn CMnYs[karTijR)aMbIb½NÑ. eyIgTaMgR)aMbInak; )annaMKñaeFVInMepSg²CamYybWrenH.
RBwkenH ´)aneFVInMexkBIr nig nMXuKImYyBum<. enACan;elImankarmmajwkxøaMgNas; ehIym:ak;)an
ham´min[eTAGanb¤eronemeronTaMgLayrbs;éT ebIkargarkñúgpÞHminTan;cb;.
elakRsI v:an; daGan TeRmtxøÜnenAelIERKBüa)alq¥wgCMnIrrbs;Kat;EdleLIgCaM.
elakRsI v:an; daGan niyayrG‘UrTaMeBjmYyéf¶ TamTar\tQb;Qr[pøas;bþÚrbg;rMurbYs ehIy
ecHEteTIscitþnwgGVI²TaMgGs;. ńwgsb,aycitþ enAeBleXIjelakRsI v:an; daGan CasHes,Iy
eLIgvij ehIycab;epþImeFVIkic©karepSg²rbs;Kat;[erobryeLIgvijedayxøÜnKat;pÞal; BIeRBaHtam
BitelakRsI v:an; daGan ]sSah_Nas; nig manrebobeTot ehIymü:ageTotkñúgeBlEdlKat;man
suxPaB nigGarm~N_l¥ elakRsI v:an; daGan CamnusSrYsrayEmnETn.
« »
eXIjeKeFIVsemøg s‘Ut/ s‘Ut ¬sMeLgbgÁab;[Qb;niyay¦ dak;énAeBléf¶ BIeRBaH´
« »
EtgEtniyayedaybeBa©jsMeLg xøaMg² elakEdlCamitþrYmbnÞb;rbs;´manKMniteRbIBakü
« »
s‘tU / s‘tU mkkan;´RKb;eBlenAeBlyb;Edr. tamkayvikarKat; ÉfmTaMgKμansiT§iERbxøÜneTot
« »
pg. éFIVRBegIy ehIyenAeBlbnÞab;xagmux eBlKat;niyay s‘Ut dak;´ ńwgbBa¢ÚnBakü
« »
s‘Ut eTAKat;vij.
BImYyéf¶eTAmYyéf¶ Kat;kan;EteFVI[eKFujRTan;eLIg² nig CamnusSEdlKitEtxøÜnÉgrwtEt
xøagM . elIkElgEts)aþhd_ bM gU ecj Élg)anTTYlnMXuKIEdlKat;)ansnüa[édaysb,úrs

esaHEdr. CaBiess KWenAéf¶GaTitü EdlKat;rMxaný:agxøaMgenAeBlEdlKat;ebIkePøIgeBlRBlwm
ggwt edIm,Ihat;R)aNry³eBldb;naTI.
bYndb;naTI hak;dUcCaeRcInem:agNas;sRmab;ÉdlCaGñkrgeRKaHd¾kmSt; BIeRBaHekAGI
TaMgGs;EdléRbIsRmab;eFVI[ERKrbs;ÉvgCagmun kkitKñaKμanQb;BIeRkamk,alÉdlkMBug
gguyeKg. bnÞab;BIbBa©b;karhat;R)aNkemþAsac;dMurbs;Kat; CamYynwgkarbgVilédxøaMg²rYcmk
elakm©as;)ancab;epþImesøókBak;. exaxøIrbs;Kat;BüÜrenAelITm<k;exaGavmYy dUecñHdMbUgKat;RtÚv
edIreTAykexaGavhñwg ehIyedIrmkvijkat;ERK´kMBugedk. b:uEnþRkvat;krbs;Kat;enAelItu
dUecñHKat;RtÚvedIreTAykedaykat;tamekAGIéTot.
b:uEnþ ´mincg;x¢Hx¢ayeBlevlarbs; XIFI edayrG‘UrTaMGMBIburscas;²EdlminKYr[cUlcitþ
eToteT. mü:ageTot vak¾minsRmÜlbBaðaTaMgGs;)anEdr. KeRmagrbs;édIm,Isgswk dUcCamYl
KUTGMBUlecj cak;esaTVar nig lak;exaGavrbs;Kat; RtÚv)ané)aHbg;ecalvijkñúgeKalbMNgkMu[
manCemøaHenAkñúgbnÞb;.
GU+¡ ´kMBugEtkøayCamnusSRbkbedayvicarNBaØaNNas;¡ enATIenH eyIgRtÚvEteFVIxøÜn[
manvicarNBaØaNcMeBaHGVITaMgGs;EdleyIgeFIV³ eron edIm,Isþab; Tb;mat;minniyaysþI CYyGñkdéT
citlþ ¥ minrwgTTwg ehIy´mindwgeFIGV bIV EnßmeToteT¡ ´P½yxøacfa karvinci y
½ä l¥EdlmanticRsab;taMg
BIdbM gU rbs;énH nwgRtÚvbMpøajGs;y:agqab;rh½s ehIynwgBMumansl;eToteTenAeBls®gÁamcb;.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶BuF TI13 Exmkra qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
RBwkenH´RtÚveKrMxanCab;rhUt ehIyCalT§pl ´minGacbBa©b;GVIEdl´)ancab;epþImeLIy.
BYkeyIgmankic©karrvl;fμImYy KWdak;bMeBjkBa©b;nUvTwkRClk;cMraj;ecjBICatisac;Edl
manlayCatiemSA. TwkRClk;enH KWCaplitplmYykñúgcMeNamplitplTaMgLayrbs; hÁIs
nig xU. elak XuKø½r rkBMu)anGñkepSgeTot[RckbMeBjkBa©b;)aneT ehIymü:ageTot vaefakCag
ebIsinCaBYkeyIgTTYleFVIkargarenH. enHCaRbePTkargarmYy EdleKeFVIenAkñúgKuk. vaeFVI[Fuj
RTan;xøaMgEmnETn ehIyeFVI[BYkeyIgvilmux nig cg;EtesIc.
80 Gan;E®hVg
erOgKYr[xøacCaeRcIn)anekItmaneLIgenAxageRkA. GñkRkIRkTaMgGs;RtÚv)annaMykeTA
edaybgçMTaMgéf¶TaMgyb;. BYkeKRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[ykeTACab;CamYyEtfg;s<aymYy nigluysuT§
EtbnþicbnþÜcb:ueNÑaH ehIyelIsBIenH GIv:an;TaMgGs;RtÚv)anecarbøn;Gs;rlIgenAtampøÚv. RKÜsar
CaeRcInRtÚvEbkecjBIKña burs ®sþI nig kumarRtÚvnirasRBat;R)as. ekμg²EdlRtLb;BIsala
vij rkmineXIj«Bukmþayrbs;BYkeK. ®sþI²EdleTArkTijTMnijenApSar eBlRtLb;mkvij)an
eXIjpÞHrbs;BYkeKRtÚvbiTP¢it ehIyRKÜsarrbs;BYkeKk¾mindwg)at;eTANaGs;. Gñkkan;sasna
RKiseþ nARbeTshulgø ; k¾rs;enAkñgú karP½yxøacdUcKña BIeRBaHkUnRbúsrbs;BkY eKsuTE§ tRtÚvbBa¢nÚ eTA
RbeTsGaløWm:g;. mnusSTaMgGs;manesckþIP½yxøacRKb;Kña. erogral;yb; ynþehaHrab;ry)an
ehaHkat;RbeTshuløg;eq<aHeTAkan;TIRkúgTaMgLayrbs;GaløWm:g; edIm,IsabeRBaHRkab;EbkelITwkdI
GaløWm:g;. erogral;em:agEdlknøgeTA mnusSrab;ry b¤ RbEhlCarab;Ban;nak;pg )anRtÚvsmøab;
enARbeTsrusSúI nigGaRhVki . KμannrNamñak;Gacsßti enAeRkAkarRbyuT)§ aneLIy KWBPi BelakTaMg
mUlkMBugzitenAkñúgs®gÁam ehIyeTaHbICaRBwtþkarN_epSg²manlkçN³l¥RbesIrsRmab;BYk
sm<½n§mitþk¾eday k¾TIbBa©b;éns®gÁammindwgenAÉNaEdr.
cMENkÉBYkeyIg BitCamansMNagRKan;ebICagmnusSrab;lannak;epSgeTot. eyIg
TaMgGs;enAmansnþisuxenAeLIy. eyIgrs;enAeday\tP½y)armÖ ehIyeyIgeRbIR)as;R)ak;snSM
rbs;eyIgedIm,ITijmðÚbGahar. BYkeyIgCamnusSKitEtBIxøÜnÉgxøaMgNas; EdlBYkeyIgniyayBI
« »
sm½yeRkays®gÁam ehIynwkRsémBIsemøókbMBak; nigEs,keCIgfμI² enAeBlEdleyIgRtÚvEt
snSMR)ak;RKb;esn edIm,ICYyBYkGñkdéTeTot enAeBls®gÁamcb; edIm,ICYyse®gÁaHGVIk¾eday
EdlBYkeyIgGacCYy)an.
ekμg²enAkñúgsgáat;enH )aneFVIdMeNIreTAmkedayBak;GavesþIg²nigEs,keCIgeFVIGMBIeQI.
BYkvaKμanGavFM KμaneRsameCIg KμanmYkkatwb nigKμannrNamñak;CYy]btßmÖBYkvaeLIy. BYkva
Gegáómkar:utmYydMuedIm,IsRmn;kareRskXøan. BYkvacakecjBIpÞHRtCak;mYyedIm,IedIrtampøÚvnana
EdlmanGakasFatuRtCak;eRsb ehIyeTAdl;fañ k;eronmYyEdlrwtEtRtCak;EfmeTot. BitehIy
sßanPaBrs;enAkñúgRbeTshuløg;GaRkk;xøaMgNas; rhUtdl;ekμg²mYyhVÚgbBaÄb;GñkedIreTAmktam
pøÚvedIm,IsMunMb½ugmYydMu.
´GacniyayR)ab; XIFI kñúgry³eBlCaeRcInem:ag GMBIPaBrehmrhamEdlbgáeLIgeday
sars®gÁam b:uEnþ´)anRtwmEteFVI[xøÜnÉgkan;Etminsb,aycitþEfmeTotb:ueNÑaH. GVIEdlBYkeyIg
GaceFVIKWrg;caMedays¶b;es¶ómbMput tamEdlGaceFVI)annUvTIbBa©b;éneRKaHGaRkk;enH. CnCatiCVIhV

k¾dUcGñkkan;sasnaRKisþ nigBiPBelakTaMgmUlEdrKWkMBugrg;caM ehIymnusSCaeRcInnak;eTotkMBug
rg;caMesckþIsøab;.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶esAr_ TI30 Exmkra qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
´kMBgu xwgdac;k,aldac;knÞy
ú . y:agNak¾´minGacbgðajkMhgw enH)aneLIy. ćg;T®nÞaeM CIg
ERskcMTal sþRI bedAm:ak;[NaNI yM ehIy´mindwgeFVsI eI¥ ToteT eRBaHEtBaküriHKn;xaø gM TaMgGs;enaH
karsmøwgemIlrebobcMGk nigkarecaTRbkan;epSg²Edlm:ak;ERskRTeKaHe)aHe)akmkelIérog
ral;éf¶ hak;dUcCaEpøRBÜjCaeRcInEdl)aj;ecjBIFñÚmYyyWty:agtwgcak;TmøúHxøÜn´BImçageTAmçag
ehIyEdlBi)akdkecjBIxøÜn´bMput. ćg;ERskcMTaldak;m:ak; m:ahÁút RKÜsar v:an; daGan
«
DusEsl nig):axøaMgNas;³ kMurvl;nwg´ sUm[édklk;edayminmansRmk;TwkEPñkeCakexñIy
ehIyEPñkrbs;éLIgRkhmesÞIrrlak nigQWk,al[)any:agehacNas;mYyyb;pg. beNþay
»
[ćakecjeTA[q¶ayBImnusSTaMgGs;BIBiPBelakenH¡ b:uEnþ ´minGaceFVIG‘Ícwg)aneT. ´minGac
bgðajeKBIkarGs;sgÇwmrbs;´ b¤karQWcab;EdlBYkeK)aneFVImkelIéLIy. ´minGacRTaMRTnwg
karGaNitGasUr b¤karriHKn;rebobelgesIcrbs;eKeLIy. vanwgeFVI[ćg;ERskkan;EtxøaMgeLIg
eTotb:ueNÑaH.
mnusSRKb;Kñayl;eXIjfa ĆamnusSsEmJgenAeBlEdlńiyay ´KYr[Gs;sMeNIc
enAeBlEdlés¶óms¶at; ´RBehInKμanekatERkgGñkNa enAeBléqøIyman])aykl enAeBl
´manKMnitl¥ x¢ilRcGUsenAeBl´ht;enOy KitEtBIxøÜnÉgenAeBl´júaMGVIelIseK lIelI kMsak
cg;)anhYsehtu .l.nig.l. eBjmYyéf¶´KμanB¤GVIepSgeRkAEtBIfa ĆaekμgRsIEdlnaM[rMxan
b:ueNÑaH ehIyeTaHCaésIc ehIyeFVIhak;dUcCaKμanxVayxVl;nwgkarriHKn;TaMgenHk¾eday k¾´QW
cab;Edr. ´bn;Rsn;sUm[RBHCam©as;pþl;[ńUvbuKÁliklkçN³mYyepSgeTot CabuKÁliklkçN³Edl
nwgmineFVI[rMxandl;mnusSRKb;Kña.
b:uEnþ erOgenHminGaceTArYceLIy. ´minGacerIxøÜnBIcriklkçN³BIkMeNItenHeT ehIy´k¾
dwgEdrfa ´minEmnCaek~gGaRkk;eT. ´RbwgERbgGs;BIsmtßPaBrbs;édIm,IbMeBjcitþmnusSRKb;
82 Gan;E®hVg
Kña EtBYkeKminGacnwkKiteXIjesaHeLIy. enAeBlénACan;xagelI ´BüayamjjwmbM)at;Tukç

BIeRBaH´mincg;[BYkeKeXIjkarQWcab;rbs;´.
eRcInelIkNas; bnÞab;BIkarsþIbenÞasedayKμanmUlehtu ´)anniyayKMeraHKMerIyxøaMg²
«
dak;m:ak;³ ´minxVl;cMeBaHsmþIm:ak;ÉgeT. ehtuGVIk¾m:ak;minQb;rvl;nwgéTA eTaHCay:agNa
»
eRBaHĆaGñkCMgWmñak;EdlGs;sgÇwmeTAehIy . CakarBit Kat;nwgR)ab;´min[tmat;Kat; ehIy
Kat;esÞIrEtminxVl;nwgrUb´Gs;ry³eBlBIréf¶. bnÞab;mk GVI²TaMgGs;)anRtÚvbMePøcecal ehIy
Kat;)anepþImRbRBwtþl¥nwg´dUcGñkÉeTot²eLIgvij.
vaminGaceFVIeTA)aneTsRmab;´ EdleFVICaEp¥mElðmeBjmYyéf¶ ehIybgðajGarmμN_mYem:A
enAéf¶Es¥kenaH. sUvéRCIserIsykpøÚvkNþalmYy EdlminkNþalNas;NaeT ehIyrkSaKMnit
TukenAkñúgxøÜnrbs;´RbesIrCag. RbEhlCaenAeBlNamYy ńwgeFIVGaRkk;dak;BYkeKvij dUcEdl
BYkeKeFIVmkelIÉdr. GU+¡ ebI´GaceFIV)an.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶suRk TI5 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
eTaHbICa´minEdlniyayR)ab;ÉgBICemøaHrbs;eyIgtaMgBIyrU mkehIyk¾eday k¾saß nkarN_
Kμanpøas;bþÚrEdr. enAeBldMbUgelak DusEsl P½yGMBICemøaHTaMgenHEdlRtÚveyIgbMePøc
ecaly:agqab; b:uEnþ\LÚvenH elak DusEsl cab;epþImTmøab;xøÜnnwgCemøaHTaMgenaH ehIyElg
BüayamedIrtYCaGñkpSHpSaeTotehIy.
« »
m:ahÁút nig pitF½r KμandwgTal;EtesaHnUvGVIEdleKGacehAfa ekμg . GñkTaMgBIres¶óms¶at;
nigKYr[Fuj. eRbobeFobnwgBYkeKTaMgBIr énHGaRkk;Nas; ehIyeKEtgniyaydak;Ćanick© alfa
« »
m:ahÁtú nig pitF½r mineFVIEbbenHeT ehtuGVI)anCaÉgmineFVItamKMrUbgRsIrbs;ÉgeTA¡ ´s¥b;Bakü
enHNas;.
´sarPaBfa ´KμanR)afñaeFVI[dUc m:ahÁút Tal;EtesaH. éXIjKat;manqnÞ³exSayeBk nig
s<wkRsBn;minsmnwgrUbéT. Kat;beNþayxøÜn[mnusSRKb;KñabgViltamcitþ ehIycuHcaj;eRkam
karbgçitbgçMTaMgGs;. ćg;manesckþIkøahaneRcInCagenHeTot¡ b:uEnþ´minR)ab;GñkdéTGMBI
karKitTaMgenHeLIy. BYkeKR)akdCaesIccMGk[Étb:ueNÑaH ebIsinCaédaHsarEbbenH.
enAeBljúaMGahar briyakasRKbdNþb;edaysPaBtantwg. sMNagl¥ erOgGaRsUv

« »
epSg²RtÚvecosputCajwkjy edaysar BYkGñkjúaMs‘ub . BYkGñkjúaMs‘ubsuT§EtCamnusSenA
Can;eRkam EdleLIgmkedIm,IjúaMs‘ubmYycansRmab;Gaharéf¶Rtg;rbs;BYkeK.
enAeBléf¶Rtg; elak v:an; daGan )ancab;epþImniyaymþgeTotfa m:ahÁút júaMticEmnETn.
«
elak v:an; daGan niyaybEnßmrebobcMGkfa ´Kitsμanfa ÉgjúaMG‘Ícwg edIm,IrkSarUbrag[enAl¥
ehIyemIleTA .»
«
m:ak; EdlEtgEtKaMRT m:ahÁút Canic©enaH )anniyayedaysmþIRTeKaHfa Éq¥tnwgkar
niyayb:):ac;b:e):acrbs;elakxøaMgNas; . »
muxelakRsI v:an; daGan muxeLIgRkhm. elak v:an; daGan smøwgRtg;eTAmux ehIyeday

KμanniyaymYym:at;.
eTaHbICaG‘cÍ gw k¾eday k¾BkY eyIg)anesIcsb,ayCaerOy². fμ²I enH elakRsI v:an; daGan
)anbeBa©jsmþI[dwgnUvPaBlIelIhYsehtumYy. elakRsI v:an; daGan )anniyayBIerOgEdl
knøgeTA ehIyKat;erobrab;hak;dUcCaKat;RtÚvKñaNas;CamYy):arbs;Kat; ehIyhak;dUcCaKat;cUl
«
citþEccg;pg. elakRsI v:an; daGan bnþfa Gñkral;KñadwgeT ):arbs;´)anR)ab;fa RbsinebIsuPaB
bursmñak;mankan;cegáógGKÁsi nImy Y enAéd ´RtÚvniyayeTAbursenaHfa elak ´KWCasuPaBnarImañ k;
‘ ’
»
ehIysuPaBbursenaHnwgyl;BIn½yEdlćg;niyayminxan . BYkeyIg)anpÞúHsMeNIcRBmKña
BIeRBaHelakRsI v:an; daGan niyayR)ab;BYkeyIgnUverOgkMEbøgsb,aymYyy:agl¥.
sUm,IEt pitF½r CamnusSs¶b;s¶at; CYnkalk¾bgá[eyIgpÞúHsMeNIck¥akk¥ayEdr. pitF½r
mansMNagGaRkk;EdlRslaj;cUlcitþBakübreTsNas; edayminyl;BIBaküTaMgGs;enaHman
n½yy:agdUcemþcpgeT. resoléf¶mYy BYkeyIgminGaceRbIbgÁn;)aneT BIeRBaHmanePJóvmñak;enA
kñúgkariyal½y. edayminGacrg;caM)an pitF½r k¾eTAbnÞb;Twk b:uEnþminGaccak;TwkeT. edIm,IR)ab;BYk
eyIg[dwgCamunGMBIkøinminl¥enH pitF½r )anbiTpøakEdlmansresrGkSrelITVarbnÞb;Twkfa³ EG‘r «
» « »
eGs ev eb: ]sμ½n¡ pitF½r cg;fa³ Rby½tñ ]sμ½n¡ b:uEnþ pitF½r KitfaBakü )araMgsresrkat;
« » «
EG‘r eGs ev eb: emIleTALÚyCag. pitF½r mindwgBakü EG‘r eGs ev eb: enHmann½yfa»
« »
sUmemtþaeqøIytb Tal;EtesaH.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
84 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶esAr_ TI27 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
kgT½bGg;eKøsminTan;vaycUlTIRkúg BIm eT. qWcQIl maneraKrlak sYt b:uEnþKat;)an
CasHes,Iybnþicmþg²ehIy. Kn§I EdlCaGñkKaMRTy:agbþÚrpþac;edIm,IesrIPaBénsaFarNrdæ\NÐa
kMBugeFVIkUdkmμGt;GaharmYykñúgcMeNamkUdkmμGt;GaharCaeRcInrbs;Kat;.
elakRsI v:an; daGan GYtxøÜnfa CaGñkeCOelIkmμvasna. b:uEnþetIGñkNaEdlP½yxøacCageK
bMput enAeBlmanpÞúHRKab;kaMePøIg? KμanGñkNaeRkABI epRtÚeNLa v:an; daGan eLIy.
eCn )anpþl;[eyIgnUvlixitbgÁab;rbs;BYkeGEv:k32 EdlepJI[BYkbris½T. lixitenaHman
«
xøwmsarl¥Nas;nigeFVI[rMCYlcitþeTot. RbCaCnhuløg;TaMgGs; cUrnaMKñaeRkakQreLIg ehIy
cat;viFankar. BYkeyIgmñak;²RtÚveRCIserIsGavuFrbs;BYkeyIgpÞal;eTARbyuT§edIm,IesrIPaB
énRbeTsCatieyIg RbCaCnnigsasnarbs;eyIg¡ sUmpþl;CMnYynigkarKaMRTrbs;GñkedaykMu
»
rYjra¡ . BYkeGEv:kTaMgenaH RbkasEbbenHBIelIevTikarbs;eK. etIRbkarenHmanRbeyaCn_GVI
eTA? vahYseBlnwgCYybgb¥ÚnCnCatiCVIhVeyIgeTAehIy.
KitbnþiceTAemIl etI\LÚvenHmanGVIekIteLIgcMeBaHBYkeyIg? m©as;GKar)anlk;GKarenH
edayminR)ab;elak XuKø½r nig elak ekøm:g; [dwgCamuneLIy. RBwkmYym©as;kmμsiT§ifμI)anmkemIl
GKarenHCamYysßabtükrmñak;. GrKuNRBHCam©as;Edlelak ekøm:g; sßitenAkñúgkariyal½y.
elak ekøm:g; )annaMsuPaBbursTaMgenaHedIremIlGKarsBVkEnøg elIkElgEtGKarbEnßmsm¶at;.
elak ekøm:g; )anGHGagfa Kat;ePøcesaenAÉpÞH ehIym©as;kmμsiT§ifμIBMu)ansYrnaMteTAeToteT.
eyIgsgÇwmfa m©as;kmμsiT§inwgKμanbMNgemIlGKarbEnßmeToteT. ebIsinCaG‘ÍcwgEmn BYkeyIgmux
CanwgCab;kun¡.
):a)anerIGIva:n;ecjGs;BITUdak;b½NÑmYysRmab; m:ahÁút nig ´ ehIydak;b½NÑEdlmanmYy
cMehog\tTan;mansresrGVIbMeBjTUenaH. TUenHnwgkøayeTACaTUGanrbs;BYkeyIg Edl m:ahÁút
nig ´RtÚvkt;RtaesovePATaMgLayEdlBYkeyIg)anGanrYcehIy RBmTaMgkt;RtaeQμaHGñkniBn§nig
« » « »
kalbriecäTTukkñúgenaH. écHBaküfμIBIrm:at;³ pÞHbn nig RsIecIk . ´)anTijesovePAsRmab;
sresrcMNaMdac;edayELkmYyk,al sRmab;kt;BaküfμI²TaMgGs;.
32 EdlTak;TgeTAnwgRBHsgÇrbs;sasnaRKisþ.
mankarEbgEckfμImYy sRmab;bWreFVIGMBIERkmnigbWreFVIGMBIeRbgrukçCati. mñak;²RtÚvTTYl

cMENkbWrsRmab;dak;elIcMNitnMb½ugrbs;xøÜn. karEbgEckenHmanlkçN³minesμIKñaTal;EtesaH.
RKÜsar v:an; daGan EdlEtgEterobGahareBlRBwk[mnusSRKb;Kña )andak;[xøÜnÉgmYydgknøH
eRcInCagdak;[BYkeyIg. ):am:ak;rbs;´BitCaxøackareQøaHKñaxøaMgNas; ehIyminh‘anniyayGVIeT
EdlKYr[esaksþayEmnETn BIeRBaH´Kitfa mnusSEbbenaHKYrEteFVIGaRkk;[dUcKñavij.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶RBhs,t× TI4 ExmIna qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
elakRsI v:an; daGan maneQμaHehAeRkAfμImYy. eyIg)ancab;epþImehAKat;fa elakRsI
b‘Ív½rRb‘Úk. EmnehIy XIFI BitCamindwgfamkBIehtuGVIeT b:uEnþ ńwgBnül;Ég. tamviTüúGg;eKøs
elakmñak;eQμaH b‘Ív½rRb‘Úk )anniyayCaerOy²fa karTmøak;RKab;EbkelIRbeTsGaløWm:g;tictYc
Nas;. elakRsI v:an; daGan EtgEtniyayRbqaMgnwgmnusSRKb;KñaCanic© rYmTaMg qWcQIl
nigRBwtþibRtBt’manepSg²pg b:uEnþKat;cuHsRmúgNas;CamYyelak b‘Ív½rRb‘Úk. dUecñHBYkeyIgyl;
eXIjfa ykl¥elakRsI v:an; daGan KYrEterobkarCamYyelak b‘Ív½rRb‘Úk ehIyedaysar
elakRsI v:an; daGan suIeCarnwgKMnitenaH BYkeyIg)anseRmccitþehAelakRsIfa elakRsI
b‘Ív½rRb‘Úk cab;BIeBlenHteTA.
BYkeyIgnwgTTYlGñkyamXøagM TMnji fμmI añ k; edaysarGñkyamXøagM munRtÚv)anbBa¢nÚ eTARbeTs
GaløWm:g;. erOgenHvaGaRkk;sRmab;rUbKat; Etval¥sRmab;BYkeyIg BIeRBaHGñkyamXøaMgfμIminFøab;
sÁal;GKarenHeLIy. BYkeyIgEtgEtmanesckþIP½yxøacnwgBYkGñkyamXøaMgCanic©.
Kn§I )ancab;epþImbriePaKGahareLIgvij.
pSarggwtkMBugmanskmμPaBy:agxøaMgkøa. eyIgnwgTijGIv:an;[ENnGKar ebIsinCaeyIg
manluyRKb;RKan;TijTMnijEdlmantémøefak. QμÜjbEnørbs;eyIg)anTijdMLÚgrbs;Kat;BI
«Ev:rm:ac; 33 ehIydak;dMLÚgTaMgenaHkñúg)avykmkkan;kariyal½ypÞal;xøÜn. edaysarKat;sgS½y
»
fa BYkeyIgkMBuglak;xøÜn dUecñHKat;EtgEtmkkñúgeBlQb;sRmakéf¶Rtg;Canic© enAeBlEdlBYk

GñkyamXøaMgecjGs;.
33 CaeQμaHrbs;TahanGaløWm:g;.
86 Gan;E®hVg
eyIgminGacdkdegðImedayminkNþas;b¤k¥k)aneT BIeRBaHeKkineRmcenAeBlenH. Gñk

« »
TaMgLayEdleLIgmkCan;elI)ansVaKmn_BYkeyIgedaysMeLg Ga+QIs Canic©. elakRsI v:an;
daGan Rbkasfa Kat;ElgeTACan;eRkameTotehIy. Kat;nwgmanCMgW ebIsinCaKat;RsUbkøineRmc
eRcInEfmeTot.
ýl;eXIjfa ):aminmanCMnYjd¾l¥RbesIrmYyeT EdlpliteRKÓgdMNab; nigeRmcenaH.
kñúgzan³CaGñkCMnYjxageRKÓgbriePaK ehtuGIk¾minplitsárRKab;?
RBwkenH ´)anTTYlrgBüúHénkarsþIbenÞasmYycg;EbkRtecok. BaküsmþIKMeraHKMerIy)an
«
CHecjmklan;dUcrnÞH ehIyRtecokrbs;ÉNneTAeday³ Gan; GaRkk; G‘ÍecH ehIy RKÜsar» «
»
v:an; daGan l¥G‘ÍcuH . dUccuHnrkedIm,IlublageTas¡
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶BuF TI10 ExmIna qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
kalBIyb;mij mankarTUesSExSePøIg ehIyelIsBIenHsñÚrkaMePøIg)anlan;B¤b‘um² rhUt
dl;eBlRBwkRBlwm. énAEtmanesckþIPitP½yCanic© cMeBaHsñÚrRKab;kaMePøIgnigynþehaH ehIy´
)anlUneTAedkenAelIERKrbs;):aesÞIrerogral;yb;edIm,I[manPaBkk;ekþA. sþab;eTAdUcCakUnek~g
G‘cI gw b:Eu nþTal;Etqøgkat;edayxøÜnÉgeTIb XIFI yl;¡ kaMePøgI )aj;ynþehaHbeBa©jsMeLglan;sUr
dUcrnÞH dUecñHÉgminGacsþab;B¤sMeLgrbs;Ég)aneT. elakRsI b‘Ív½rRb‘Úk EdlCaGñkeCOelIkmμ
«
vasna k¾cab;epþImyMPøamEtmþg ehIyniyayedaysMeLgj½rtic²fa GU+¡ sahavNas;. GU+¡
» «
kaMePøIgTaMgenaHB¤xøaMgNas;¡ Edlmann½yfa³ ´xøacNas; . »
ebImanBnøWeTon ´minsUvxøaceT. ´j½rcMRbb;dUcmanCMgWRKúnekþAG‘Ícwg ehIy´GgVr):a[GuC

eToneLIgvij. ):aminRBmehIycecsfa³ minRtÚv[manBnøWePøIgeT. rMeBcenaH BYkeyIg)anB¤sUr
kaMePøIgynþ)aj;mYyR)av ehIysñÚrrbs;vaB¤GaRkk;CagkaMePøIg)aj;ynþehaHdb;dgeTAeTot. m:ak;
elatcuHBIelIERK ehIyGuCeToneFVI[ BIm xwgmYem:Ay:agxøaMg. cemøIyEdltaMgcitþy:agmaMrYcCa
«
eRscrbs;m:ak;cMeBaHkarrG‘UrTaMrbs; BIm KW eTaHCay:agNa Gan; minEmnCaGtItTahanmñak;
»
eLIy¡ ehIyerOgenH)anRtÚvbBa©bR; twmeNH¡
etI´)anniyayR)ab;ÉgGMBIkarRBÜy)armÖdéT²eTotrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan rYcehIyb¤
enA? ´minKitG‘ÍcwgeT. edIm,I[ÉgtamdanCab;BIGIVEdlekIteLIgenAkñúgGKarbEnßmsm¶at;enH Ég

RtÚvEtdwgBIkarERbRbÜlTaMgGs;enaH. yb;mYyelakRsI v:an; daGan )anB¤sMeLgsRmibeCIgenA
kñúgsáak ehIyKat;P½yxøacfaecarcUlpÞH rhUtdl;eFVI[Kat;das;sVamIrbs;Kat;. cMeBlenaH BYk
ecarecjeTAvij)at;Gs;ehIy sMeLgEtmYyKt;Edlelak v:an; daGan sþab;B¤KWCasMeLgebHdUg
«
elatkþúkkþak;rbs;RbBn§Kat; EdlCaGñkeCORBhμlixitesaH. elakRsI ERskfa GU+ PutFI¡ . »
«
¬PutFI KWCaeQμaHEdlGñkRsI v:an; daGan dak;[sVamIrbs;Kat;¦. BYkecarR)akdCalYcsac;Rkk
nigsENþkhalrbs;eyIgGs;ehIy. ehIycuH pitF½r y:agem:ceTA? GU+¡ etIbgKitfa pitF½r
mansuvtßiPaBniglg;lk;enAelIERKrbs;vaenAeLIyb¤? »
« BYkecarminlYcTaMg pitF½r eTAeT. kMuRBÜy)armÖGI ehIyTukeBl[bgeKgpg¡ »
minKYr[eCO. elakRsI v:an; daGan EdlP½yxøaceBkminGacedklk;vij)aneLIy.

b:unμanyb;eRkaymk RKÜsar v:an; daGan TaMgmUlEdlenACan;elI)anRtÚvdas;[PJak;eday
sMeLgmü:agdUcexμacERsk. pitF½r )aneLIgeTAelIsáakCamYynwgBilmYy ehIyrt;esμRt)aj;
eCIg. etIÉgKitfa pitF½r )aneXIjGVIkMBugrt;ecjeTAenaH? kNþúrERbgmYyhVÚgFM¡
enAeBlBYkeyIgdwgfa GñkNaCaBYkecar BYkeyIg)an[ mUsQI edkkñúgsáak ehIyBYkePJóv
EdleyIgmin)anGeBa¢Ijk¾ElgeXIjmkeTotehIy>>>y:agehacNas;k¾minmkeBlyb;Edr.
BIrbIl¶acmkehIy ¬em:agR)aMBIrnigsamsibnaTIeTAehIy enAPøWenAeLIy¦ pitF½r )aneLIg
eTAkan;bnÞb;eRkamdMbUl edIm,IrkkaEstcas;²ykmkGan. edIm,IcuHCeNþIrvij pitF½r RtÚvEt
etagRbehagXøúbeLIgeTAkan;Bitany:agENn. pitF½r )andak;édrbs;Kat;cuHedayminemIl ehIy
viHEtrbUtFøak;mkeRkamCeNþIrTaMgtk;søútnigQWcab;. edaymin)andwgfaG‘Ícwg pitF½r k¾dak;édelI
kNþúrERbgFMmYyEdl)anxaMédKat;mYyRkúb. enAeBlEdl pitF½r edIrmkkan;BYkeyIg eyIgeXIj
Kat;manTwkmuxesøksøaMgdUcex~ac ehIyCgÁg;j½rTeRTIk QamhUreCakGavPIsam:arbs;Kat;. Kμan
GVIcEmøkeTEdl pitF½r RtÚveFVI[j½ry:agxøaMgEbbenH-karb:HkNþúrERbgFMmYy minEmnCaerOg
elgesIceT CaBiessenAeBlvaxaM)at;sac;mYydMuBIédrbs;Ég.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
88 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶suRk TI12 ExmIna qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
bBaðaenAmaneRcIneTot \LÚvenHcaM´R)ab;Ég[dwg³ Gñkmþay E®hVg CaGñkKaMRTekμg²¡
rbbbWrbEnßmsRmab;ekμg² bBaðarbs;yuvv½ysBVéf¶enH. GMBIbBaðaTaMgGs; m:ak;)aneFVIkarkan;
eCIgekμgCMnan;eRkay. Kat;EtgEteFVI)andUccitþrbs;Kat; bnÞab;BIkareQøaHRbEkkKña.
RkLGNþateKaRtaMmy Y RkLxUcGs;. cMNcI ak;RcassRmab; mUsQI nig bUc.
ÉgenAminTan;sÁal; bUc enAeLIyeT b:uEnþ bUc )ansßitenATIenHmunBYkeyIgmklak;xøÜneTA
eTot. vaKWCaqμaRbcaMXøaMgTMnijnigkariyal½y Edlmuxgarrbs;vaKWkarBarmin[kNþúrERbgmk
Ek,rbnÞb;dak;GIv:an;rbs;eyIg.
eQμaHd¾cEmøknigmanlkçN³neya)ayrbs;vaGacBnül;)any:agRsYl. kñúgbc©úb,nñkal
Rkúmh‘un hÁIs nig xU manqμaBIr³ qμamYysRmab;XøaMgTMnijnigmYyeTotsRmab;sáak. CYnkalqμa
TaMgBIr)anCYbKña bNþal[mankarRbxaMKñaCanic©. qμaEdlenAXøaMgTMnijCaGñkvayRbharmun
b:uEnþenATIbMput qμaEdlenAkñúgsáakEtgEtTTYleCaKC½yrhUt dUcenAkñúgneya)ayG‘Ícwg³ KWqμaenA
« » «
XøaMgTMnijCaGaløWm:g; ehIyeKdak;eQμaHeRkAfa bUc ehIyqμaenAkúñgsáakCaGg;eKøs b¤ fUmmI . »
eRkaymkeK)ankMcat; fUmmI ecj ehIy bUc eFVI[BYkeyIgsb,ayrIkrayEmnETn enAeBlEdl

BYkeyIgeTACan;eRkam.
BYkeyIg)anjúaMsENþkRkhm nig s eRcInEmnETn rhUtTal;EtÉlgcg;eXIjsENþk
TaMgenaHteTAeTot. RKan;EtKitBIva eFVI[´rkklcg;k¥ÜteTAehIy.
karEcknMb½ugeBll¶ac)anRtÚvlubecalTaMgRsug.
):aeTIbnwgniyayfa Kat;KμanGarmμN_l¥eT. EPñkrbs;Kat;emIleTAdUcCamanTukçRBÜyxøaMg
Nas; »burskmSt;eGIy¡
« »
´minGacdkEPñkBIesovePAEdlmaneQμaH sñÚreKaHTVarmYy Edlsresreday GuINa
ebkx½r b‘UDIey )aneLIy. dMeNIrerOgrbs;RKÜsarenH RtÚv)anGñkniBn§sresry:agl¥bMput b:uEnþ
GV²I EdlniyayBIs®gÁam GñkniBn§nana nigkaredaH[rYcBIkarRKb;RKgrbs;RsþI KWmni sUvl¥bnu: aμ neT.
niyayBiteTA RbFanbTTaMgenHmineFVI[ćab;GarmμN_Nas;NaeT.
karTmøak;RKab;Ebky:agxøaMgkøaenARbeTsGaløWm:g;. elak v:an; daGan manGarmμN_minl¥
eLIy. mUlehtu³ xVH)arICk;.
karCECkBiPakSaeTAelIbBaðafa etIRtÚvjúaMmðÚbkMb:ugb¤minTan;júaMenaH)anRtÚvbBa©b; edaykar

yl;RBmtamBYkeyIg. ´minGacBak;Es,keCIgrbs;´mYyKUNa)aneLIy elIkElgEtEs,k
eCIgsÁIrbs;ÉdleRbIkar)antictYcNas;enAkñúgpÞH. Es,keCIgpÞat;mYyKUEdlTijGs;R)ak;
6/50hÁIldW )answkmþgbnþic² rhUtdl;)atrbs;vaEtkñúgry³eBlmYys)aþh_b:ueNÑaH. emob
RbEhlCark)anrbs;xøHenApSarggwt.
dl;eBlEdl´RtÚvkat;sk;rbs;):aehIy. BIm niyayfa ´kat;sk;)anl¥Nas; dUecñH
Kat;ngw min)ac;eTAhagkat;sk;eT eBls®gÁamcb;. sUmkM[u EtéFV[I mutRtecokrbs;Kat;jkw jab;
eBkeTAcuH¡
Gan; rbs; XIFI

XIFI smøaj;/
RbeTsTYKI)ancUleFVIs®gÁamehIy. vaCakarrMePIb\t]bma. rg;caMsþab;y:agGnÞHGEnÞgnUv
dMNwgpSaytamviTüú.

XIFI smøaj;/
kñúgeBlmindl;mYyem:agpg PaBxkcitþ)anekItmanbnÞab;BIkarsb,ayrIkray. RbeTsTYKI
enAminTan;)ancUlrYmkñgú s®gÁamenAeLIyeT. elakrdæm®nþRI Kan;EtniyayBIkare)aHbg;GBüaRkwtPaB
rbs;xøÜn enAeBlxagmuxqab;²b:ueNÑaH. GñkedIrlk;kaEstenAkñúg eDm saEXVr34 )anERskfa
« »
TYKIenAxagGg;eKøs¡ ehIykaEstTaMgGs;RtÚveKkBaäk;ykBIédrbs;Kat;eTA. KWrebobenHehIy
EdlBaküccamGar:amCakarelIkkmøaMg)anmkdl;eyIgenaH.
RkdasR)ak;myY Ban;hlIÁ dW )anRtÚvRbkasQb;[cracr. enHCakarvaysMBgmYyy:agF¶n;
sRmab;GñkrksuIxusc,ab;enApSarggwtTaMgGs; b:uEnþF¶n;F¶rCagenHeTAeTotenaHcMeBaHGñkrs;enA
lak;xøÜnnigGñkepSgeTotEdlmanluyBi)aknwgBnül;fa)anmkBINa. enAeBlEdlÉgcg;bþÚr
34 KWCavisaldæansMxan;bMputenAkñúgTIRkúgGamsÞWdam RbeTshuløg;.
90 Gan;E®hVg
RkdasR)ak;mYyBan;hÁIldW ÉgRtÚvEtbBa¢ak;[RtwmRtÚvfa etIÉg)anluyenHBINamkedayrk

Psþtú agmkbBa¢ak;pg. RkdasR)ak;my Y Ban;hlIÁ dWTaMgGs; enAGaceRbI)ansRmab;ykeTAbg;Bn§dar
b:uEnþ )anrhUtRtwmEts)aþh_eRkayb:ueNÑaH. RkdasR)ak;R)aMryhÁIldW nwgRtÚvRbkasGs;témø
kñúgeBlCamYyKña. Rkúmh‘un hÁIs nig xU enAmanluyBi)akBnül;fa )anmkBINaCaRkdasR)ak;
mYyBan;hÁIldWCaeRcInsnøwkeTot EdlBYkeKFøab;)anykeTAbg;Bn§CamunsRmab;qñaMxagmux.
edaysarrebobenHBYkeKGaceFVI[rYccakBIkarecaTRbkan;TaMgGs;.
DusEsl eTIbnwg)anTTYlRbdab;r:eFμjEdlFak;edayeCIgcas;hYssm½ymYy. mann½y
fa ´muxCanwgRtÚvTTYlkarBinitüeFμjedayhμt;ct;mYyenAeBlbnþiceTot.
DusEsl BMuRbtibtþitambTbBa¢aénGKarbEnßmsm¶at;[)aneBjeljeLIy. Kat;minRtwm
EtsresrsMbuRteTAkan; saLÚt rbs;Kat;b:ueNÑaHeT b:uEnþEfmTaMgrkSakarTak;TgsMbuRteqøIyqøg
y:agb:)a: c;be: ):acCamYymnusSdéTepSg²eTot. Kat;)ansM[u m:ahÁtú EdlCaRKÚbeRgónPasahulgø ;
enAGKarbEnßm EksMbuRtTaMgLayEdlKat;sresrCaPasahuløg;eTot. ):a)anhamXat;
DusEsl y:agmuWgm:at;min[bnþGnuvtþrebobenaHeTot ehIy m:ahÁút k¾ElgEksMbuRtTaMgenaH
b:uEnþ´Kitfa vanwgmin)anyUreT DusEsl muxCacab;epþImkarTak;Tgrbs;Kat;eLIgvijminxan.
emdwknaMénCnCatiGaløWm:g;TaMgGs; )anniyayeTAkan;TahanEdlrgrbYsCaeRcIn. BYk
eyIg)ansþab;tamviTüú ehIyvaKYr[exøacpSaNas;. sMNYrnigcemøIymanPaBbnþKñadUcxageRkam
enH³
« éQμaH ehnric esábEpl . »
« etIGñkRtÚvrbYsenAÉNa? »
« »
enACit sþalIgRkad .
« etIrbYsenARtg;Na? »
« eCIgBIrrbYsedaysarRtCak;eBk nig )ak;édeqVgmYy . »
viTüú)anpSaydMNwgBIkarsEmþgrUbGay:gd¾sahavyg;XñgeTAtamEbbEpnénsac;erOgBit
R)akd. GñkRtÚvrbYshak;dUcCarIkraynwgrbYsrbs;eKNas; rbYskan;EteRcInkan;Etl¥. Gñk
rbYsmñak;esÞIrEtniyayminecjBakümYym:at; edaysarrMePIbcitþEdlKitdl;karcab;éd ¬´snμt
faKat;enAmanédmçag¦ CamYyGñkdwknaM.
´)aneFVI[Føak;sab‘URkGUbrbs; DusEsl eTAelI\dæ ehIyCan;BIelIva. \LÚvenHsab‘UenaH
EbkexÞcxÞIGs;rlIg. ´)ansMu):arYcCaeRsc[sgsab‘UeTA DusEsl vij edayehtufa elak

DusEsl )anTTYlsab‘URkGUbKuNPaBGn;EtmYydMub:ueNÑaHkñúgmYyEx kñúgGMLúgeBls®gÁam.
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
yb;mij m:ak; ):a m:ahÁút nig ´ kMBugGgÁúyCamYyKñay:ags¶b;es¶ómbMput enAeBl pitF½r
«
)ancUlmky:agrh½s ehIyxSwbdak;Rtecokrbs;):a. ´sþab;B¤BaküxøH dU c fa FugmYyrlMdYlenA
» «
kñúgXøaMgTMnij nig sMeLgKYr[sgS½yenARtg;TVarpÞH . »
m:ahÁút k¾dwgBIerOgdUcKñaenHEdr b:uEnþKat;)anBüayameFVI[GarmμN_rbs;´FUrRsalbnþic

BIeRBaHÉRbeTACaesøksøaMgdUcdIs ehIyP½yeLIgj½rTeRTIk. BYkeyIgbInak; rg;caMTnÞwmeBlEdl
):a nig pitF½r cuHeTACan;eRkam. mYyb¤BIrnaTIeRkaymkelakRsI v:an; daGan EdlkMBugsþab;viTüú
)aneLIgmkCYbBYkeyIg ehIyniyayR)ab;fa BIm )anesñI[Kat;biTviTüú ehIyedIrcugeCIgmkxag
elIedIm,IkMu[B¤sRmibeCIg. b:uEnþ ÉgdwgfaGVIekIteLIgeT enAeBlEdleKedIry:agfñmbMput.
kaMCeNIþrd¾cas; )anlan;B¤sMeLgRkwk²xøaMgeLIgeTVdg. R)aMnaTIeRkay eyIg)aneXIj pitF½r nig
BIm RtLb;mkvij edIm,IR)ab;dMNwgeyIgBIkarpSgeRBgrbs;eK edaymuxrbs;BYkeKeLIgsrkBN’
Kμan.
BYkeK)anQrRbúgenAeRkamCeNþIr ehIyrg;caMedayKμan)anlT§pl. b:uEnþ PøamenaHBYkeK
)anB¤sMeLgb:HTgÁicKñaxøaMg²BIrbIdg hak;dUcCaTVarBIrRtÚv)anrujbiTBIxagkñúgpÞHG‘Ícwg. BIm rt;eLIg
kaMCeNþIreTACan;elI xN³Edl pitF½r )anRBmanCamundl; DusEsl EdlTIbMput)aneLIgeTACan;
elITaMgrG‘UrTaM nig edaysMeLgkÐúgkÐaMg. bnÞab;mk BYkeyIgTaMgGs;KñaedIrcugeCIgTaMgBak;eRsam
eCIgeLIgeTAxagelImYyCan;eTot CYbRKÜsar v:an; daGan. elak v:an; daGan manCMgWpþasayF¶n;
F¶r ehIycUleKg)at;eTAehIy dUecñHBYkeyIg)anpþMúKñaEk,rk,alERKrbs;Kat;edIm,IBiPakSakar
sgS½yrbs;BYkeyIgedayniyayxSwb². ral;eBlEdlelak v:an; daGan k¥kxøaMg² ehIyyUr
elakRsI v:an; daGan nig ´manesckþIPitP½yy:agxøaMg. Kat;enAEtk¥krhUtTal;EtKñaeyIgmñak;nwk
eXIjKMnitqøatévmYy eday[Kat;pwkfñaMk¥kRbePTkUedGuIn. kark¥krbs;Kat;)an)at;PøammYyrMeBc.
BYkeyIgrg;caMehIyrg;caMeTot b:uEnþeyIgElgB¤GVITaMgGs;. TIbMputBYkeyIgsnñidæanfa
92 Gan;E®hVg
BYkecarrt;pasRkjaM)at;eTAehIy enAeBlBYkvaB¤sUrsRmibeCIgenAkñúgGKarEdls¶b;s¶at;.
erOgEdlcéRgKWenACan;eRkam viTüúenAEtebIkb:usþ×Gg;eKøsenAeLIy ehIyekAGI)anRtÚverobCargVg;
mUlCMuvijviTüúenaH. RbsinebIBYkecar)anKas;TVar ehIyRbqaMgkarvayRbhartamGakas
smÁal;eXIjTVar)ak;Ebk ehIyR)ab;blU: si [dwgerOgenHnwgGacmanplvi)akF¶nF; r¶ Nas;. eday
ehtuenH elak v:an; daGan )anegIbeLIgBak;GaveRkAnigesøókexaxøI Bak;mYkmYy ehIycuHCeNþIr
BIeRkay):ay:agRbúgRby½tñ edayman pitF½r ¬EdlRbdab;edayjjÜrF¶n;mYyedIm,IkarBar
snþisux¦ tamBIeRkaypg. enACan;elI ®sþI²¬rYmTaMg m:ahÁút nig ´pg¦ )anrg;caMkñúgesckþIfb;
)armÖy:agxøaMg b:uEnþR)aMnaTIeRkaymk Gs;elakRbús²TaMgenH)anelcmuxmkvij ehIyniyayfa
KμanB¤sMeLgGVImYyeLIyenAkñúgGKar. tamkarRBmeRBógKñaCarYmmYyBYkeyIg)anseRmccitþmin
bgðÚrTwkb¤ebIkTwkbgÁn;eLIy b:uEnþedaysarEtPaBtantwgmanGanuPaBelIRkBHrbs;Gkñ enAkñgú GKar
TaMgGs; ÉgGacnwkRsémBIkniø s¥y ú enAeBlEdlBYkeyIgeTAbenÞarbg;mñak;mþg²enAkñúgbgÁn;.
]bTÞvehtuEbbenH Canic©kal ekItmanrYmCamYyeRKaHmhnþraydéTeTot. erOgr:avelx
mYy³ CYgenA evsÞ½rtUern EdlEtgEtbnøWsMeLgKYr[TukcitþbMput )anQb;ElgB¤vay. elxBIr³
elak v:UsÁÚ )anecjeTAmuneKkalBIyb;mijenH ehIyBYkeyIgmindwgfa etIKat;)an[esaeTA ebb
b¤k¾Gt; ehIyetInag)anePøccak;esab¤k¾y:agNaeT.
b:Eu nþsRmab;eBlenH erOgTaMgenaHminsUvmansarsMxan;eT. raRtIeTIbEtcab;epþmI ehIyBYk
eyIgenAEtsßti kñgú PaBminR)akddEdl. BYkeyIgRtÚv)aneFV[I Tukciteþ LIgvijbnþci bnþcÜ edayehtufa
taMgBIem:agR)aMbInigdb;R)aMnaTICaeBlEdlecarcUlmkkñúgGKar rhUtdl;em:agdb;nigsamsibnaTI
BYkeyIgKμanB¤sUrsMeLgGVEI dlKYr[sgS½yeLIy. tamkarKitBicarNaEvgq¶ayrbs;eyIg vahak;
dUcCaminTMngesaH Edlfaecarmñak;)anKas;TVartaMgBIk,alRBlb; enAeBlEdlenAmanmnusSmña
edIrenAtampøÚvenAeLIy. mü:ageTot KMnitrevIrvay)anelcecjBIBYkeyIgEdlfa GñkRKb;RKg
XøaMgTMnijenAÉRkúmh‘un ekk EdlenAEk,rxageyIgGacenAkMBugeFVIkarenAeLIy edaysarGVIEdl
ekItmancMeBaHPaBrMePIbcitnþ gi CBa¢agM x½NeÐ sþgI ²dUecñHeKGacRcLMsrU sMeLgedaygay. mü:ageTot
karnwkRsémepþspþaseRcInekItmaneLIgenAeBlEdlRbkbedayeRKaHfñak;dUecñH.
dUecñH BYkeyIgk¾cUleKg b:uEnþGñkxøHkñúgcMeNamBYkeyIgedkminlk;eLIy. ):a m:ak; nig
elak DusEsl )anPJak;BIedkCajwkjab; ehIy´min)anPreT enAeBlńiyayfa ésÞIrEtmin
)aneFμcmYyRseLteLIy. RBwkenH burs²)ancuHeTACan;eRkammþgeTot ehIy)ancab;GRgÜnTVar
cUledIm,I[R)akdfa TVarRtÚv)ancak;esaEdrb¤eT b:uEnþGVI²manreboberobryTaMgGs;¡

BitEmnehIy BYkeyIg)anpþl;[buKÁlikkariyal½yTaMgGs;nUvr)aykarN_y:aglm¥itsþIBI
RBwtþikarN_Edl)anekIteLIgminKYr[rIkrayNas;NaeT. erOgRbePTenH gaynwgKYr[cg;esIc
Nas; eRkayBIva)anekIteLIg ehIy ebb KWCamnusSEtmñak;Kt;EdleCOsmþIeyIg.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
esckþIbEnßm RBwkenHbgÁn;sÞH ehIy):a)anykeQImUlEvgmYy bukkaylamknig
RkdasrUbmnþdMNab;Epø®sþÚbWrIecj ¬EdlsBVéf¶eyIgeRbIvaeFVICaRkdasGnam½y¦. bnÞab;mk
BYkeyIgduteQIEvgmUlenaHecal.
éf¶esAr_ TI27 ExmIna qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
BYkeyIg)anbBa©b;vKÁemeronCvelx ehIy\LÚvenHBYkeyIg)ancab;epþImhat;sresr[
« »
elOn. BYkeyIgminqøateTeGð¡ caM´R)ab;ÉgbEnßmeTot GMBIskmμPaB EkGpSúk rbs;´ ¬)anCa
éhAskmμPaBEkGpSúkdUecñH BIeRBaHGVIEdleyIgeFVITaMgGs;enaH KWedIm,IBüayameFVI[eBlevla
eFVIdMeNIreTAmuxy:agqab;rh½stamEdlGaceFIVeTA)an dUecñHeyIgkan;EtQanCitdl;TIbBa©b;énkar
rs;enAlak;xøÜnEbbenH¦. ćUlcitþerOgeTvkfaNas; CaBiesserOgGaTieTBrbs;RkicnigrU:maMug.
mnusSRKb;KñaenATIenHKitfa cMNUlcitþrbs;ńwgminsßitesßreT eRBaHBYkeKminEdlB¤GñkNa
niyayBIekμgCMTg;RsImañ k;GayuRs)al´[témøceM BaHerOgeTvkfaeLIy. ebIGcÍ‘ gw ´Kitfa KW´hñgw
ehIyCamnusSTImy Y ¡
elak v:an; daGan manCMgpW aþ sayb¤rlakbMBg;kbnþci . b:Eu nþ Kat;xlV x; aV yBüa)alvaxøagM
Nas;. Kat;xrú< mat;CamYyTwkEtkamUm: a: l labfñaeM lIRkGUmmat;ngi labeRbgkULa elIRTÚg RcmuH
GBa©ajeFμj nigGNþat. ehIyCamYy»sfTaMgGs;enHeFVI[Kat;rwtEtQWxøaMgeLIg¡
r:UtF½r CaCnCatiGaløWm:g;mñak;kñúgcMeNamCnCatiGaløWm:g;Edlmanzan³x<s; )anEføgsunÞrkfa
«
mYy³ CnCatiCVIhVTaMgGs;RtÚvEtcakecjBITwkdIEdlkan;kab;edayGaløWm:g; [)anmunéf¶TI1 Ex
kkáda. CnCatiChIV nV gw RtÚve)assm¥atecjBIextþGy u‘ eRtt35 ¬hak;dcU CaBYkeKCastVknøat¦ cab;BI
35 extþmYyrbs;RbeTshuløg;.
94 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶TI1 Exemsa dl;éf¶TI1 Ex]sPa nigbNþaextþenAxageCIgnigxagt,ÚgRbeTshuløg; cab;BIéf¶TI1

»
Ex]sPa dl;éf¶TI1 Exmifuna . RbCaCnRkIRkTaMgenH )anRtÚvnaMeTATIstþXadkxVk;mYydUcCahVÚg
stVBahn³mYyKYr[GaNit EdlmanCMgWnigEdleKminrvIrvl;dl;. b:uEnþÉlgniyayBIerOgenH
eTotehIy. karKitrbs;´)anRtwmEtpþl;nUvsubinGaRkk;[´b:ueNÑaH¡
manelcB¤dMNwgl¥mYyfa kEnøgRbCMukmμkrrbs;GaløWm:g;)anRtÚvdutbMpøajedaykareFVI
viecäTkmμmYy. BIrbIéf¶eRkaymk kariyal½yesμónsgáat; k¾RtÚvdutbMpøajdUcKña. burs²Edl
esøókBak;ÉksNæanCab:lU si GalømW g: ; )ancgRKakBYkGñkyam ehIybMpaø jÉksarsMxan;²mYy
cMnYn.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶RBhs,t× TI1 Exemsa qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
´KμancitþniyayerOgPrkMEbøgelgesIceT ¬emIlkalbriecäT¦. pÞúyeTAvijéf¶enH ´Gac
«
dkRsg;suPasitmYymkniyayCasMGag³ P½BVvasnaGaRkk;minEdlekIteLIgEtÉgeT . »
TImYy kalBImSil elak ekøm:g; EdlCaGñklYgelameFVI[rsayTukçrbs;eyIgmanCMgW

Føak;QamF¶n;F¶rmYyTak;TgnwgeBaHevonnigRkBH ehIyRtÚvedkCab;elIERKy:agehacNas;bI
s)aþh_. ´KYrEtR)ab;Égfa elak ekøm:g; manCMgWRkBHbNþal[Føak;QamCajwkjy ehIyKμan
fñaMBüa)aleT. TIBIr ebb manCMgWRKúnpþasayF¶n;. TIbI elak v:UsÁÚ RtÚvcUlmnÞIreBTüenAs)aþh_
eRkay. Kat;RbEhlCamandMe)AmYy ehIynwgRtÚvTTYlkarvHkat;. TIbYn bNþaGñkRKb;RKgén
RkúmkUn]sSahkmμ b:Um:UsuIn RtÚvGeBa¢IjmkBI E®hVghVWt edIm,IBiPakSaGMBIkarpþl;TMnijfμI² dl;
GUbuikta. ):a)anBinitüemIlrkdMeNaHRsayCamYyelak ekøm:g; ehIyKμaneBlRKb;RKan;nwgpþl;
nUvkarsegçbhμt;ct;mYy[elak XuKø½r eLIy.
Gs;elakTaMgLayEdlenA E®hVghVWt )anmkdl; ehIy):aP½yj½rxøÜneTAehIy mindwgRtÚv
« »
eFIVy:agem:c. ):a)anlan;mat;fa ebI´minenAlak;xøÜneT ebIénACan;eRkam GIV²RsÜl)at;eTAehIy .
« RKan;EtykRtecokÉgp¥wbnwgkRmal\dæ nwgsþab;B¤GVI²TaMgGs; enAeBlEdlGs;elak
»
TaMgenaHnwgRtÚvGeBa¢Ij[cUlkñúgkariyal½ypÞal; .
Twkmuxrbs;):aERbeTACaføavij ehIymSilmijevlaem:agdb;nigsamsibnaTIRBwk m:ahÁút nig
BIm ¬RtecokBIrRbesIrCagRtecokmYy¦ lbsþab;enAelIkRmal\dæ. karsnÞnaKñaBMuTan;bBa©b;eT

enAeBlRBwk b:uEnþenAeBlresol ):ak¾ElgbnþkarlYcsþab;rbs;Kat;Edr. Kat;RtÚvcukédcukeCIg
y:agxøaMg edaysarsßitenAkñúgsßanPaBxusBIFmμta nigminRsYlmYyEbbenH. ĆMnYs):aenAem:ag
BIrnigsamsibnaTI enAeBlEdlBYkeyIgB¤sUrsMeLgmnusSenAkñúgbnÞb;ÉkCn. m:ahÁút )ankMdr´
eFVICaKña. karsnÞnaKña)anGUsbnøayy:agyUr ehIyKYr[FujRTan;CaxøaMgrhUtTal;Etédklk;enA
elIRkNat;kRmal\dæEdlRtCak;. m:ahÁút minh‘andas;éT edayxøacERkgeKB¤BYkeyIg ehIy
Kat;k¾Gt;)anERskEdr. ´)aneKglg;lk;knøHem:agmunnwg´PJak;dwgxøÜn ehIyéPøcBIBaküsMxan;²
énkarBiPakSaKñaTaMgGs;. sMNagl¥ m:ahÁtú )anykcitTþ ku dak;saþ b;eRcInCageK.
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶suRk TI2 Exemsa qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
´manGMeBI)abKYr[xøacmYyEfmeTot enAkñúgbBa¢IGMeBI)abrbs;´. kalBIyb;mij ´kMBug
TeRmtenAelIERK ehIyrg;caM):amksURtFm’CamYy´ nigniyayBaküraRtIsYsþImkkan;´ enAeBl
«
Edlm:ak;edIrcUlmkkñúgbnÞb;GgÁúyelIERKrbs;´ ehIysYrfñm²fa Gan; ):aminTan;ehIykargar
»
eT. ehtuGVI)anCaminsURtFm’TaMgGs;KñaeTA? .
« »
éqøIyfa eT m: a k; .
m:ak;)anegIbeLIg ehIyQrEk,rERKrbs;´mYyRsbk; bnÞab;mk Kat;edIryWt² tRmg;eTA
«
rkTVar. PøamenaH m:ak;)anEbrxøÜnmkvij edaymanTwkmuxmuWgm:at; ehIyniyayfa m:akmincg;xwg
»
nwgkUneT. m:akminGaceFIV[kUnRsLaj;m:ak;eT¡ TwkEPñkBIrbItMNk;)anremolFøak;elIf<al;rbs;
Kat;enAeBlKat;cakecjeTA.
énAedkelIERKrbs;és¶ómKμankeRmIk ehIyýl;eXIjxøÜnÉgfa vaGaRkk;Nas;Edl
bdiesFnwgKat;TaMgKMeraHKMerIydUecñH b:uEnþ´k¾dwgEdrfa ´minGaceqøIynwgm:ak;edaycemøIyNa
epSgBIenHeLIy. ´minGaclak;But ehIysURtFm’CamYyKat;RbqaMgnwgqnÞ³rbs;éLIy KW´min
GaceFVI)anEtmþg. ´mancitþGaNitGasUrm:ak;Nas; GaNitenaHGaNitEmnETn BIeRBaHCaelIk
dMbUgénCIvitrbs;éhIy Edl´smÁal;eXIjfa PaBRBegIykenþIyrbs;´)aneFVI[m:ak;ykcitþTuk
dak;y:agxøaMg. émIleXIjPaBTukçRBÜyenAelImuxrbs;m:ak; enAeBlKat;niyayGMBIkarKμansmtß
96 Gan;E®hVg
PaBeFVI[´Rslaj;Kat;. karBitKWBi)akniyayecjNas; b:uEnþkarBitKWfa rUbm:ak;pÞal;Edlmin

RBmTTYl´. KWm:ak;pÞal; EdleFVI[´RBegIykenþIynwgesckþIRslaj;rbs;Kat; edaysarkarKat;
sþIbenÞasKMeraHKMerIynigkarniyaykMEbøgminTMngTak;Tgnig´ Edl´Kitfa minmanGVIRtÚvelgesIc
enaH )aneFVI[´minsUvrvl;nwgsBaØaénkþIRslaj;BIm:ak;. dUcEdlékItTukçenAeBlEdlKat;
sþIbenÞasćitþrbs;Kat;k¾sVitRseBandUcKñaEdr enAeBlEdlKat;dwgxøÜnfa esckþIRslaj;TaMgGs;
minmanesssl;rvagBYkeyIgeT.
m:ak;)anyMGs;Bak;kNþalyb; ehIymin)aneKgrhUtTal;RBwk. ):a)anecosvagminemIl
muxéT ehIyenAeBlEdlEPñkrbs;):aemIlmkRbTHnwgEPñkrbs;´ eFVI[ýl;FøúHtamry³Ekv
«
EPñkrbs;Kat;nUvGIVEdlKat;Kit³ em:ck¾kUnGaceFVIxøÜn[eTACamnusSminCaTIeBjcitþdUecñH? ehtuGVIk¾
»
kUnh‘aneFVI[m:ak;rbs;kUnekItTukçy:agxøaMgy:agenH¡ .
RKb;Kñacg;[´sMueTas b:uEnþenHCakrNImYyEdl´BMuGacsMueTas)aneLIy BIeRBaH´)an
niyayerOgmYyEdlCaerOgBit ehIyeTaHCay:agNam:ak;Kg;Et)andwgenAéf¶NamYy. ´hak;
dUcCaminxVl;nwgTwkEPñkrbs;m:ak;nigkarsmøwgemIlrbs;):aeLIy ehIy´BitCaminxVl;Emn BIeRBaH
Kat;TaMgBIr\LÚvkMBugEtmanGarmμN_dUc´Føab;manknøgmk. GVIEdl´GacmanKWkarGaNitcMeBaHm:ak;
EdlRtÚvbþÚrGakb,kiriyarbs;Kat;eLIgvij. cMENk´ ńwgbnþenAes¶óms¶at;nigminxVl;GVITaMgGs;
ehIymü:ageTot ńwgmincuHcaj;enAcMeBaHmuxkarBiteLIy BIeRBaHebIecjBIkarBitkan;EtyUr BYk
eKnwgminTTYlykkarBit kan;EtBi)akenAeBlB¤BIkarBitenH¡
Gan; rbs; XIFI
éf¶GgÁar TI27 Exemsa qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
pÞHTaMgmUlB¤sUrEtkareQøaHTas;ETgKña. TaMgGs;Kñacg;eQøaHnwgmnusSRKb;Kña³ m:ak;nig´
elak v:an; daGan nig ):a m:ak;nigelakRsI v:an; daGan. briyakashYsehtueBk EmneT
XIFI? bBa¢IkMhusrbs; Gan; )anRtÚvpSBVpSayy:agTUlMTUlay.
ePJóvCnCatiGaløWm:g;TaMgenaH )anRtLb;mkvijkalBIéf¶esAr_mun. BYkeKenArhUtdl;em:ag
R)aMmYyl¶ac. BYkeyIgTaMgGs;KñasßitenACan;elI ehIyminh‘ankeRmIkxøÜnbnþicesaHeLIy. enA
eBlEdlKμanGñkepSgeToteFVIkarkñúgGKarb¤enAEk,r²enHeT mnusSTaMgGs;EdlsßitenAkñgú kariyal½y
pÞal;xnÜø Gacsþab;Bs¤ rÚñ eCIgedIrRKb;ChM an. ´Rcas;Rcal;enAmines¶ómeT edaysar´GgÁy ú es¶óm

yUreBk.
elak v:UsÁÚ )ancUledkeBTüeTAehIy b:uEnþ elak ekøm:g; )ancab;eFVIkarrbs;Kat;eLIgvij.
RkBHrbs;Kat;Qb;hUrQamrh½sCagFmμta. elak ekøm:g; )anR)ab;BYkeyIgfa kariyal½y
esμónsgáat; )anTTYlrgkarxUcxatF¶n;F¶rEfmeTot eRBaHRkúmBnøt;GKÁiP½y)ancUllukluyGKar
TaMgmUledayminRKan;EtBnøt;GKÁiP½yeLIy. erOgenaHeBjcitþŃas;¡.
sNæaKar xalfwn RtÚv)ankemÞc. ynþehaHBIreRKÓgrbs;cRkPBGg;eKøs EdlpÞúk
edayRKab;EbkePøIg)ancuHcMelIdMbUlGKarsñak;enArbs;BYknayTahanGaløWm:g;. viehSl®sþat36
nigsugi ehÁl37 TaMgmUl)anRtÚvbMpaø jedayGNþatePøgI . karvayRbhartampøvÚ GakaseTAelITRI kúg
nanarbs;GaløWm:g; mansPaBrwtEtxøaMgeLIg²BImYyéf¶eTAmYyéf¶. BYkeyIgminEdl)ansRmak
enAeBlyb;[RsYlGs;CayUrmkehIy ehIyedaysarEteKgminRKb;RKan; eTIbeFVI[EPñkrbs;´
eLIgrUg.
mðÚbGaharrbs;BYkeyIgmantictYcNas;. GahareBlRBwkmanEtnMbu½gKμanbWr nigkaehVGn;
b:ueNÑaH. taMgBIdb;R)aMéf¶mkehIy Gaharéf¶Rtg;manés<eGBINar38 nigsalad cm¥inCamYydMLÚg
y:ageRcInEdlmanrsCatiGaRkk;ehIyEp¥mtic². RbsinebI XIFI kMBugEtBüayamtmGahar
GKarbEnßmKWCakEnøgedIm,ItmenaHehIy¡ BYkGñkenACan;elI)anbeBa©jkart¥ÚjEt¥ry:agCUrct;
b:uEnþBYkeyIgminKitfa vaCaerOgesaknadkmμenaHeT.
burs²CnCatihuløg;TaMgGs;EdlFøab;RbyuT§ b¤EdlRtÚvekNÐeFVIT½BenAqñaM1940 RtÚv)an
ehA[eTAeFVIkarenAkñúgCMrMGñkeTass®gÁam. ´Kitfa enHR)akdCaviFankareRKagTukCamunmYy
edaysarmankarcUlQøanBan¡.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
36 CaeQμaHpøÚvmYyenAkñúgTIRkúgGamsÞWdam.
37 CaERBkCIkd¾sMxan;mYyénRkúgGamsÞWdam.
3 8 és<mYyRbePTmansøwkBN’ébtgcas; Gaccm¥innigbriePaKCabEnø.
98 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶esAr_ TI1 Ex]sPa qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
DusEsl RtÚveFVIbuNüxYbkMeNItrbs;Kat;. kalBIb:unμanéf¶mun DusEsl eFVIdUcCamincg;
eFVIBiFIbuNükMeNIthñwgeT b:uEnþ enAeBl emob mkdl;edaymank®nþkedIrpSard¾FMmYyEdleBj
ehoreTAedaykBa©b;GMeNay DusEsl rMePIbcitþdUcekμgtUcmñak;G‘Ícwg. mnusSCaTIRslaj;rbs;
« »
DusEsl eQμaH LÚtey )anepJImk[ DusEsl nUvs‘utCaeRcIn bWr nMXuKI TwkRkÚcqμar nMb½ug
RsakUjak; nMexkdak;eRKÓgeTs páa EpøRkÚc sUkULa esovePAnigRkdassresr. DusEsl
)anKrkBa©b;GMeNayrbs;Kat;elItumYy ehIy)andak;taMgbgðajGMeNayTaMgenaHkñúgry³eBl
minticCagbIéf¶eLIy. BEBcas; epþspþasdUcekμg¡.
XIFI minRtÚvKitfa Kat;kMBugEtGt;XøaneLIy. BYkeyIg)anrkeXIjnMb½ug RhVÚm:ahS_
dMNab;EpøeQInigs‘utenAkúñgTUcanrbs;Kat;. vaKYr[Gam:as;xøaMgNas; EdlmnusSmñak;EdlBYkeyIg
mancitþemtþaTTYl[rs;enACamYykñúgeKalbMNgeRsacRsg;Kat;BIesckþIsøab; b:uEnþeBlKat;man
GahareRcInsn§wk Kat;júaMEtxøÜnÉgeLIgtwgeBaHBIeRkayxñgBYkeyIgedayKμanEckGVI[BYkeyIgbnþic
esaH. cMENkeyIgvij eyIg)anEckrMElkGVEI dlBYkeyIgmanCamYyKat;Canic¡© . b:Eu nþGEIV dleFVI
[BYkeyIgRKb;Kñas¥b;Kat; KWem:AsVitrbs;Kat;cMeBaHelak ekøm:g; elak v:UsÁÚ nig ebb. DusEsl
minEdl[rbs;GmIV y Y dl;Gkñ TaMgenaHTal;EtesaH. EpøRkÚceBaF×sat;Edlelak ekømg: ; RtÚvkarbMptu
sRmab;Büa)alRkBHrbs;Kat; elak DusEsl yl;favanaM[mansuxPaBl¥sRmab;Kat;eRcInCag.
yb;enHmankar)aj;Kñay:agxøaMg EdleFVI[´RtÚverobsemøókbMBak;cMnYnbYndg. éf¶enH
´)anerobbMeBjv:alistUcmYy Edl´)anjat;rbs;rbreRbIR)as;caM)ac;bMputeLIgENnedIm,I
«
eRtómrt;ePosxøÜn b:uEnþm:ak;)anniyayy:agRtwmRtÚvfa ePosxøÜnedIm,Irt;eTANa? . »
Gñkrs;enAhulgø T; aMgGs; RtÚv)andak;TNÐkmμedaysarEtkUdkmμrbs;kmμkr. c,ab;GaCJaswk

RtÚv)aneKRbkaseRbI ehIymnusSRKb;Kañ TTYl)anEtb½NeÑ bIkbWrkan;EtticeTA EtmYysnøkw b:eu NÑaH.
l¶acenH´)ankk;sk;[m:ak; EdlminEmnCakargargayRsYleLIysRmab;sBVéf¶enH.
eyIgTaMgGs;Kña)anRtÚvcab;bgçM[eRbIsab‘UBN’ébtgs¥itttat;mYy BIeRBaHeyIgElgmansab‘U
kk;sk;ehIy. ehIyelIsBIenHeTot m:ak;Bi)aknwgsitsk;rbs;Kat;EdlCMBak;CMBin[erobry
Nas; eRBaHfaRkas;sitsk;enAsl;Etdb;eFμjb:ueNÑaH.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶GaTitü TI2 Ex]sPa qñaM1943

edayKiteTAdl;CIvitrbs;BYkeyIgenATIenH CaerOy²Étgmankarsnñidæanfa BYkeyIg
eBlenHsßitenAkñúgzansYK’ ebIeRbóbeFobeTAnwgCnCatiCVIhVCaeRcIneTot Edlmin)anlak;xnÜø .
b:Eu nþéf¶eRkay enAeBlGV²I TaMgGs;RtLb;eTArkPaBRbRktIvji ´Bi)aknwkRsémfa eyIgEdlCaGñk
« »
rs;enAkñgú pÞHmYyEdls¥atCanice© naHRtÚv Føak;xnÜø y:agenH y:agTabEbbenHNas;. ćg;niyay
GMBIGarm~N_. ]TahrN_ RkNat;kRmaltuminRCabTwkEdlRKbtu)aytaMgBI eBlBYkeyIg)anmk
enATIenH dMbUgminTan;)anpøas;bþÚreT. bnÞab;BIeyIg)aneRbIvaeRcIneBk vaRbLak;Gs;rlIg. ´Rbwg
Gs;smtßPaBedIm,Ism¥atva b:uEnþedaysarEtRkNat;lagcank¾RtÚv)anTijmun eyIgmklak;xøÜn
ehIymanRbehageRcInCagbnÞHRkNat;eTot emø:aHehIyeTaHCa´xMdusxat;y:agNak¾eday k¾vamin
)ankarEdr. RKÜsar v:an; daGan )aneKgeBjmYyrdUvrgarhUtmkEtelIkRmalBUksac;ELnesþIg
mYyEdlminGace)akKk;enAeBlenH)an BIeRBaHemSAsab‘URtÚv)anpþl;[tamkRmitbrimaNrbb
rbs;eyIg ehIyvamantictYcCaTIbMput. mü:ageTot emSAsab‘UmanKuNPaBGn;Nas;esÞIrEteRbIkar
minekIt. ):aesøókexaEvgerceCIgmYy ehIyRkvat;krbs;Kat;k¾bgðaj[eXIjPaBswkercril
eRcInEdr. éf¶enHRbdab;Bak;rwtcegáHrbs;m:ak;)aneRbHefñr ehIyCYsCulElgekIt. m:ahÁút Bak;
GavRTnab;mYyTMhMtUcCagRTÚgKat;. m:ak; nig m:ahÁút )aneRbIGavkñgú cMnnY bIrmY KñaeBjmYyrdUvrga
ehIyGavkñgú rbs;´TaMgGs;sTu E§ ttUc²EdlBak;eTAmindl;rn§pti© ´pg. BitNas; TaMgenHKWCaerOg
EdleKGacBuHBar)an b:uEnþeBlxøH´q¶l;fa³ etIBYkeyIgsgÇwmfa GacvileTArksßanPaBrbs;eyIg
muns®gÁamemþc)an ebIRTBüsm,tþirbs;eyIgRKb;y:agcab;taMgBIexakñúgrbs;´rhUtdl;Ck;sRmab;
):atBBuHmunekarBukmat;rbs;):a suT§EtrEhknigcas;Nas;eTAehIyenaH?
éf¶GaTitü TI2 Ex]sPa qñaM1943
karcab;GarmμN_epSg²sþIBIs®gÁamenAGKarsm¶at;
elak v:an; daGan. tameyabl;rbs;BYkeyIgTaMgGs;Kña suPaBbursKYr[eKarBenH man

karyl;dwgxagbBaðaneya)ayy:ageRCARCH. eTaHbICay:agNa Kat;)anTayfa BYkeyIgRtÚv
sñak;enATIenHrhUtdl;dMNac;qñaM1943. enHBitCaeBlevlad¾EvgmYy b:uEnþeyIgGacRTaM)anrhUt
100 Gan;E®hVg
dl;eBlenaH. b:uEnþ etImanGñkNaFananwgeyIgfas®gÁamenH Edlbgá[manEtkarxUcxatnigPaB

esakesAnwgRtÚvbBa©b;kñúgbMNac;qñaM1943enaH? ehIyetImanGñkNaFananwgeyIgfa kñúgcenøaH
eBlenaHnwgKμanGVIekIteLIgcMeBaHBYkeyIgnigBYkGñksmKMnitkñúgkarlak;xøÜnrbs;eyIgEdrb¤eT?
R)akdNas; KWKμanGñkNamñak;esaH¡ ehtudUecñHehIy)anCaeyIgrs;enAerogral;éf¶kñúgPaBtantwg
y:agxøaMgmYyenaH. PaBtantwgbNþaleLIgedaysarkarrg;caMnigkþIsgÇwm b:uEnþedaysaresckþI
P½yxøacEdr enAeBlEdlBYkeyIgB¤sUrsMeLgenAxagkñúgb¤xageRkApÞH enAeBlEdlmankar)aj;Kña
« »
y:agxøaMg b¤enAeBlEdlkaEstcuHpSaydMNwgsþIBI Rbkas epSg² BIeRBaHvaGacekItman
eLIgerogral;éf¶fa BYkGñkCYyeyIgRtÚvbgçcM ti mþ klak;xnÜø edaypÞal;xnÜø ÉgCamYyeyIgEdr. sBV
« »
éf¶enH karlak;xnÜø )ankøayeTACaBaküFmμtamYyeTAehIy. BYkeyIgmindwgmnusSb:unμannak;eT
Edl)ancUllak;xøÜn¡ BitEmnehIy BYkenaHmanEtmYycMnYntUcb:ueNÑaH ebIeRbóbeTAnwgcMnYn
RbCaBlrdæTUeTA b:uEnþeRkaymk BYkeyIgR)akdCanwgPJak;ep¥IlBIcMnYnmnusSenAkñúgRbeTshuløg;
EdlmansuqnÞ³TTYlCnCatiCVIhV b¤Gñkkan;sasnaRKisþ EdlkMBugrt;eKcxøÜnedaymanb¤Kμanluy[
mksñak;enAkñúgpÞHrbs;BYkeK. mnusSeRcInnak;swgEtminKYr[eCOsuT§EtmanGtþsBaØaNb½NÑEkøg
køay.
elakRsI v:an; daGan enAeBlEdl®sþId¾Rss;s¥atenH ¬hak;dUcCamanEtKat;mñak;Kt;Edl
eCOerOgenH¦ dwgfa vaminsUvBi)akdUckalBImnu eT kñgú karrkGtþsBaØaNb½NEÑ køgkøaymYyenaH Kat;
)anpþl;eyabl;Pøamfa eyIgKYreFVIGtþsBaØaNb½NÑEkøgkøaymñak;mYy. Kat;eFVIdUcCakareFVI
GtþsBaØaNb½NmÑ inmanGs;GVI ehIyeFVIemIlEt):anigelak v:an; daGan CaXøaMgluyG‘Ícwg.
enAeBlEdlelakRsI v:an; daGan beBa©jBaküsmþIKYr[Gs;sMeNIc ehIy PutFI rbs;Kat;
«
xwgRceLatCaerOy². b:uEnþerOgenaHmineFVI[PJak;ep¥IleT BIeRBaHéf¶mYy ExlI RBmanfa enAeBl
erOgenHcb;Gs; ńwgbYsxøÜnÉg ehIybnÞab;mk ćg;eTATIRkúgehSrUsaLwm39 eRBaHfa ´man
» «
GarmμN_suxRsYlNas;eBlenACamYyCnCatiCVIhVdéT¡ . »
BIm CamnusSsuTidæiniymbMput b:uEnþKat;EtgEtmanehtupll¥²pþl;[Canic©.

elak DusEsl begáItGVI²TaMgGs;eTAtamKMnitrevIrvayrbs;Kat; ehIyebInrNamñak;cg;
RbqaMgnwgRBHGgÁm©as;enH GñkenaHKYrEtKit[)anBIrdgmunnwgeFVIdUecñH. enAkñúgpÞHrbs; Gal;bWt
39 rdæFanIénRbeTsGuI®sþaEGl.
DusEsl BaküsmþIrbs;Kat;KWCac,ab; b:uEnþ Gan; E®hVg mincUlcitþrebobenHbnþicNaesaHeLIy.

eyabl;epSg²rbs;BYkGñkdéTeTotEdlenAGKarbEnßmGMBIs®gÁamenaH BMumanGVIKYr[cab;
GarmμN_eT. eBlniyayBIerOgneya)ay manEtsmþImnusSBIrnak;b:ueNÑaHEdleKsþab; b:uEnþ
elakRsI v:an; daGan nig DusEsl yl;eXIjfa BYkKat;k¾manBaküRtÚvniyayEdr.
éf¶GgÁar TI18 Ex]sPa qñaM1943

XIt smøaj;/
fμI²enH ´)aneXIjkarRbyuT§Kñad¾sVitsVajmYyelIGakasrvagynþehaHCaeRcIneRKÓg
rbs;GaløWm:g;nigGg;eKøs. sMNagGaRkk; GakasyanikBIrbInak;énynþehaHsm<½n§mitþRtÚvEt
elatecjBIynþehaHrbs;eKEdlkMBugEteqHFøak;. QμÜjEckcayTwkedaHeKarbs;BYkeyIgEdl
rs;enA hahVevc40 )aneXIjCnCatikaNadabYnnak;GgÁy ú enAmat;pvÚø ehIykñgú cMeNamenaHmanmñak;
ecHniyayPasahuløg;y:agsÞat;. mñak;)ansYrQμÜjEckcayTwkedaHeKarkEdkekHGuC)arIrbs;
Kat; ehIy)anerobrab;R)ab;QμÜjTwkedaHeKafa RkúmyanikynþehaHrbs;Kat;manKñaR)aMmYynak;.
GñkebIkynþehaHmñak;)anRtÚveqHsøab; ehIysmaCikyanikTIR)aMmindwglak;xøÜnenAkEnøgNa.
kgsnþisuxrbs;GaløWm:g;)anmkrkmnusSTaMgbYnnak;enH EdlkñúgcMeNamBYkeKKμannrNamñak;RtÚv
rbYseLIy. eRkayBIelatq½RteyagecjBIynþehaHmYyEdlmanGNþatePøIgeqHsen§asen§A
etInrNamñak;GacenAmansμartInwgny:agdUcemþceTA?
fVdI ,itEtGakasFatuekþAxøagM k¾eday k¾BkY eyIgRtÚvEtdutePøgI ral;BrI éf¶mgþ edIm,Idtu sMbkbEnø
nigkaksMNl;epSg²rbs;BYkeyIgecalEdr. eyIgminGace)aHGVImYyeTAkñúgFugsMram)aneT
BIeRBaHbuKÁlikXøaMgTMnijGacemIleXIj. kareFVsRbEhstUctacmYyGaceFIV[karsm¶at;rbs;
eyIgnwgRtÚvx©rx©ay¡
nisSitmhaviTüal½yTaMgGs;RtÚveKesñI[cuHhtßelxaelIesckþIEføgkarN_mYyEdlbBa¢ak;
« »
fa BYkeK mansmancitCþ amYyRbCaCnGalømW g: T; aMgGs; ehIyeBjcitnþ gw kardwknaMfIμ . kñúgcMeNam
enaH nisSitEb:tsibPaKry)anseRmccitþeKarBeKalkarN_énmnsikarrbs;BYkeK b:uEnþTNÐkmμ
nwgmanlkçN³F¶n;F¶r. nisSitTaMgLayNaEdlbdiesFmincuHhtßelxanwgRtÚvbBa¢ÚneTACMrkM argar
enARbeTsGalømW g: .; etIyvu CnénRbeTshulgø n; gw køayCaGVI RbsinebIyvu CnTaMgGs;RtÚveTAeFVIkargar
40 CakEnøgmYyzitenAxaglicTIRkúgGamsÞWdam.
102 Gan;E®hVg
F¶n;²enARbeTsGaløWm:g;?
yb;mijenH sñÚrRKab;kaMePøIglan;B¤xøaMgNas; ehIym:ak;)anbiTbg¥ÜcCit. édkenAelIERK
rbs; BIm. rMeBcenaH enAcMBIelIk,alrbs;eyIg BYkeyIg)anB¤elakRsI v:an; daGan elatcuHBI
elIERKrbs;Kat; hak;dUcCaKat;RtÚvqμa mUsQI xaMG‘Ícwg. bnþBIerOgenH Rsab;EtB¤sUrsMeLgpÞúH
b‘umeLIg. ebInwksμantamsUrsMeLgeKGaceCOfaRKab;EbkePøIgmYy)anFøak;mkEk,rERKrbs;´.
« »
ÉRskxøaMg²fa ePøIg¡ ePøIg¡ .
BIm )anebIkGMBUlePøIg. ´P½yfa kñúgrvagBIrbInaTI bnÞb;nwgRtÚvqabeqHedayGNþatePøIg
minxan. b:uEnþKμanGVIekIteLIgTaMgGs;. BYkeyIgnaMKñasÞúHeLIgCeNþIreTACan;elI edIm,IemIlGVIEdl
ekIteLIgenATIenaH. elaknigelakRsI v:an; daGan )aneXIjBnøWRkhmRBwm²mYytambg¥Üc
ehIyelak v:an; daGan KitfamanGKÁiP½ymYyenATICitxag ehIyedayELkelakRsI v:an; daGan
eCOfapÞHrbs;BYkeyIgRtÚvePøIgeqH. elakRsI v:an; daGan kMBugQrenAEk,rERKrbs;Kat;TaMgj½r
eCIgTeRTIk enAeBlsMeLgRKab;EbkpÞúHeLIg. elak DusEsl sßitenACan;elIedIm,ICk;)arImYy
edIm ehIyBYkeyIg)annaMKñavarRtLb;eTAedkvij. db;R)aMnaTIesÞIrEtknøgminTan;putpg kar)aj;
cab;epþImmþgeTot. elakRsI v:an; daGan )ansÞúHecjBIdMeNkPøam ehIycuHeTAbnÞb; DusEsl
enACan;eRkam edIm,IrkPaBkk;ekþAEdlelakRsIminGacrk)anCamYysVamIrbs;Kat;. DusEsl
«
sVaKmn_ Kat;edayBaküsmþIfa mkedkelIERKrbs;´mkkUnrbs;):a¡ . »
smþIenH)aneFVI[BYkeyIgesIcehorTwkEPñk. eyIgePøcKitBIkar)aj;kaMePøIgFMtKña karP½y

xøacrbs;BYkeyIghak;dUcCaRtÚvrlay)at;Gs;.
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
kMNaBüEdl):a)anEtgsRmab;éf¶xYbkMeNItrbs;´ KWl¥xøaMgNas; rhUt´minGacrkSaTukenA
EtxøÜnÉg)an.
edaysar BIm sresrkMNaBüCaPasaGaløWm:g; m:ahÁút )ansμ½RKcitþbkERbvaCaPasa
huløg;. Égvinicä½yedayxøÜnÉgeTAfaetI m:ahÁút KYrmanemaTkPaBeTb¤y:agNa. bnÞab;BIsegçb
RBwtþikarN_epSg²RbcaMqñaMdUcsBVdg kRmgkMNaBü)anbnþdUecñH³
kñúgnamCamnusSekμgCageKbMputkñúgcMeNamRKÜsareyIg b:uEnþminEmnCakUnekμgeToteT
CIvitrbs;kUnGacmankarlM)ak eRBaH):am:ak;manParkic©Gb;rMkUn
enHKWCaParkic©KYr[FujRTan;Nas;.
«):am:ak;manbTBiesaFn_¡ cUrkUnsmøaj;TTYlykvaBI):acuH¡»
«kUndwgeTfa eyIgeFVIdUecñH taMgBImun²mkemø:H.
):am:ak;yl;dwgy:aglm¥itGMBIk,Ünc,ab; nigyuT§saRsþTaMgLay».
eRBaHfaeBlevlaGmt³ varEmgminmanGVIpøas;bþÚreT.
KuNvibtþipÞal;xøÜnrbs;mnusSmñak; RKan;EtCakMhusqÁgtUctacb:ueNÑaH
b:uEnþ kMhusGñkepSg hak;FMEsnFM.
karcab;kMhus minmanGVIBi)akeT enAeBlsßanPaBtRmÚv[eFVIdUecñH
eTaHBüayamy:agNa ):am:ak;BitCaBi)akemIlEfTaMkUn
[yutþiFm’ nigsb,úrs
karcab;kMhus KWCaTmøab;mYyBi)aknwgCRmúHecal.
enAeBlkUnrs;enACamYymnusScas; kUnKb,I
RTaMnwgBaküsþIbenÞasrbs;BYkeK kareFVIdUecñH vaCakarBi)ak b:uEnþvaCaerOgBit.
eTaHvalVIgCUrct;y:agNa kUnRsIKb,Is‘URTaMnwgva
kUnRsIdwgeTfa kareFVIdUecñH)anmann½yfa rkSasuxekSmkSanþ.
rs;enAeRcInExenATIenH minGsar\tkareT
eRBaHkUnmincg;cMNayeBl\tRbeyaCn_.
kUn)anGanesovePA nig eronsURteBj²mYyéf¶
kUnebþCJabM)at;PaBGpSúk.
sMNYrkan;EtBi)ak ehIykan;EtBi)akGt;RTaMxøaMgenaH
KW «»¡ elakeGIy etI´RtÚvBak;s¥IeTA?
Élgmanexakñúg semøókbMBak;rbs;ćeg¥óthYsehtu
Gavrbs;´KWCasMBt;buwgmYy ´BitCaemIleTAKYr[cg;esIc¡
edIm,IBak;Es,keCIgrbs;´ ´RtÚvEtkat;RmameCIgrbs;écal
GU+¡ ´RtÚvjaMjIedayTukçesakeRcInGenk¡».
104 Gan;E®hVg
cMeBaHkEnøgGtßbTmþMúniyayBImðÚbGahar m:ahÁút minGacbkERb[cYnesaHeLIy ehIy´k¾Tuk

vaecaleTA. b:uEnþ eRkABIenaHÉgKitfa kMNaBürbs;´l¥EdreT?
mü:ageTot ĆaekμgEdlFøab;RtÚvTMeyIxøaMgeBk eRBaHeK)anpþl;[ńUvGMeNayEdlKYr[
eBjcitmþ y Y cMnnY rYmmanesovePAFMmy
Y kMPsÚø EdlsresrBIRbFanbTEdlćUlcitþ erOgeTvkfaRkic
nigrU:maMug. ehIy´k¾mint¥ÚjEt¥rBIkarxVHsárRKab;Edr eRBaHmnusSRKb;Kña)ancMNayR)ak;bRmúgcug
eRkayTaMgGs;rbs;BYkeK. kñúgzan³CakUnsMNBVénGKarbEnßm ´)anTTYlGMeNayeRcInCag´sm
nwgTTYl)aneTAeTot.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶GgÁar TI15 Exmifuna qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
erOgCaeRcIn)anknøgputeTA b:uEnþńwkKitCaerOy²fa ´)aneFVI[ÉgFujRTan; cMeBaHkar
niyayeRcIn\tRbeyaCn_rbs;´. dUecñHńwgnaMmk R)ab;ÉgnUvBt’manRtÜs²edaysresrsegçb
Bt’manTaMgenaH.
eTaHCay:agNa elak v:UsÁÚ minRtÚv)anvHkat;dMe)ARkBHrbs;Kat;eT. enAeBlEdlKat;sßit
enAelItuvHkat; ehIyevC¢bNÐitvHeBaHKat;eTA BYkeK)aneXIjRkBHKat;manCMgWmharIkemIlminCa.
vamansPaBRCúleTAehIy EdlkarvHkat;minGacCYyGVI)aneT. dUecñH BYkevC¢bNÐitRKan;Etedr
RkBHP¢iteTAvijb:ueNÑaH nigTuk[Kat;enAkñúgmnÞIreBTüry³eBlbIs)aþh_ ehIypÁt;pÁg;mðÚbGahar[
Kat;y:agRKb;RKan;munnwgbBa¢ÚnKat;RtLb;eTApÞHvij. b:uEnþ BYkevC¢bNÐit)anRbRBwtþGMeBImYyEdl
minGacGP½yeTas[)anKW³ BYkeK)anniyayR)ab;bursKYr[GaNitenHBIGVIEdlCitekIteLIgeday
BitR)akdcMeBaHKat;. Kat;minGaceFVIkar)aneToteT ehIysßitenAEtpÞHrbs;Kat; eramB½T§eday
kUnR)aMbInak;sBa¢wgKitBIesckþIsøab;rbs;Kat;EdlxitCitmkdl;. ´manGarmμN_GaNitKat;xøaMg
Nas; ehIyKYr[QWcab;Nas; EdleyIgminGacbgðajxøÜnenAtampøÚvebIBMuenaHeT ´muxCanwgeTAsYr
suxTukçKat;[)anjwkjab;tamEdl´GaceFIVeTA)anedIm,Ipøas;bþÚreyabl;epSg²CamYyKat;. sRmab;
eyIg enHKWCakarxatbg;mYyEdlelak v:UsÁÚ d¾l¥enHElgsßitenATIenH edIm,IR)ab;[eyIgdwgnUvGVI
EdlekIteLIgenAkñúgXøaMgTMnijnigsMeLgepSg²EdleyIgsþab;B¤. elak v:UsÁÚ CaRbPBCMnYynig
karKaMRTd¾RbesIrbMput enAeBleyIgriHrkviFankaredIm,IsuvtßiPaB. BYkeyIgnwkKat;xøaMgNas;.
enAExxagmux dl;evnEdlBYkeyIgnwgRtÚvRbKl;viTüúrbs;eyIg[eTABYkGaCJaFrehIy.
elak ekøm:g; manviTüútUcmYylak;enAkñúgpÞHrbs;Kat; Kat;)an[vamkeyIgedIm,ICMnYsviTüúdak;eks
d¾l¥s¥atrbs;eyIg. vaKYr[sþayNas;EdlBYkeyIgRtÚvRbKl;viTüú hVIlIbS d¾FMrbs;eyIg[eTAeK
b:uEnþenAkñúgpÞHmYyEdlmanmnusSCaeRcInlak;xøÜn vaCakarRbesIrKWminRtÚvbgáehtunwgBYkGaCJaFr
« »
eT. EmnehIy BYkeyIgnwgdak; kUn viTüúenACan;elI. etIGVIeTACaviTüúlYclak;enaH ebImanCnCati
CVIhVlak;xøÜn nigR)ak;kasEdlpÞúynwgc,ab;eTAehIyenaH?
«
mnusSRKb;KñaxMRbwgrk[)anviTüúcas;mYyedIm,Ipþl;eTA[GaCJaFrCMnYs viTüúkMdrGarmμN_ »
rbs;xøÜn. vaKWCakarBitTaMgRsug³ xN³eBlEdlBt’manepSg²mkBIxageRkAmanPaBrwtEtF¶n;F¶r

eLIg viTüúEdlmansMeLgBieraH)anCYyeyIgmin[)ak;Twkcitþ ehIy[eyIgbnþR)ab;xøÜneyIgfa cUr «
»
rYsrayeLIg RtÚvmansμartIrwgbuwg GVI²muxCaRbesIreLIgvijminxan¡ .
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
edIm,IniyayCafμImþgeTotGMBIRbFanbTénkarciBa©wmGb;rMkUn ¬CaeRcIndgrab;minGs;¦ ńwg
R)ab;Égfa ´RbwgGs;smtßPaBedIm,I[køayxøÜnCamnusSecHCYyykGasa rak;Tak; nigmansnþan
citþl¥ ehIyeFVIGVIRKb;y:agedIm,IrMgab;BüúHriHKn;[s¶b;s¶at;eTAvij. vaminEmnRsYleT karEdl
BüayameFVICaekμgKMrUmñak;CamYymnusSmñaEdlÉgminGacRTaMRT)an CaBiess enAeBlEdlÉg
KμancitþTal;EtesaHenaH. b:uEnþ ´dwgxøÜnfa karEdl´lak;ButbnþicbnþÜc vaRbesIrCagkarEdl´
RtÚvniyayeday\tlak;elomBIGVIEdl´Kitkñúgcitþ ¬fVIebIminEdlmanGñkNamñak;esñIeyabl;´ b¤
ykcitþTukdak;G‘ÍecH b¤ G‘ÍcuHk¾eday¦. BitEmnehIy ÉtgePøctYnaTIrbs;Ćajwkjab; ehIy
minGacTb;kMhwgrbs;énAcMeBaHmuxGMeBIGyutþiFm’xøH²)aneLIy emø:aHehIyBYkeKk¾cMNayeBl
mYyExeRkaymkniyayfa ´KWCaekμgRBehInbMputenAkñúgBiPBelak. etIÉgminKitfa eBlxøH´KYr
[GaNiteTb¤? vaCaP½BVl¥mYyEdl´minEmnCaRbePTmnusSrG‘UrTaM BIeRBaHebIG‘ÍcwgEmn ´
RbEhlCamnusSeqvqav nigmYem:AeRcInpgk¾mindwg. Cajwkjab;Nas; ćat;TukkarsþIRbedAKYr[
FujTaMgenHCaerOgKYr[Gs;sMeNIc b:uEnþvarwtEtRsYlKiteTAeTot enAeBlEdlGñkNamñak;epSg
eToteRkABI´ CaGñkTTYlkarsþIbenÞasy:agxøaMgEbbenH.
106 Gan;E®hVg
mü:ageTot ´)anseRmccitþ ¬bnÞab;BIkarRtiHriHl¥itl¥n;¦ minrvl;nwgmuxviC¢aCvelxeT. TI

mYyedIm,IGac[´maneBleroneRcInEfmeToteTAelImuxviC¢adéTrbs;´ nigTIBIr edaysarEtEPñk
rbs;´. enaHKWCaerOgeRkomRkMmYy. ´køayeTACamnusSmanEPñkm:JÚby:agxøaMg ehIyKYrEtRtÚv
Bak;Ev:ntataMgBIyUrmkehIy. ¬Ga+ mindUcCamnusSPøIePøIeT¡¦ b:uEnþdUcÉgdwgG‘Ícwg mnusSsßitenA
kñúgkarlak;xøÜnminGac>>>.
mSilmij mnusSmYypÞH manEterOgmYyb:ueNÑaHsRmab;CECkKñaelgKWEPñkrbs; Gan; BI
eRBaHm:ak;)anesñI[éTArkRKÚeBTüÉkeTsEPñkCamYyelakRsI ekøm:g;. RKan;EtB¤smþIenH eFVI[´
Tn;CgÁg;Etmþg eRBaHfaenHBMuEmnCaerOgtUctaceT. ecjeRkA¡ ÉgCYyKiteTAemIl ´RtÚvedIrtam
pøÚv¡ erOgenH´minEdlnwkKitdl;eT. enAeBldMbUg KWkarP½ysøn;esøa bnÞab;mk´dwgfa xøÜnéBar
eBjedaykarsb,ayrIkrayTaMgRsug. b:Eu nþ RBwtkiþ arN_TaMgenaHBMEu mngayRsYldUecñaHTaMgGs;eT
BIeRBaHBYkGaCJaFrepSg²EdlCaGñkKaMRTviFankarmYyEbbenH minGacQandl;karseRmccitþ
qab;rh½seLIy. dMbUgeKetagEtføwgEføgral;karBi)aknigeRKaHfñak;TaMgGs;edayRbúgRby½tñ eTaH
bICa emob eRtómCaeRscedIm,IecjdMeNIredayKμanbg¥g;CamYy´k¾eday. enAeBldEdlenaH
´)anykGaveRkABN’RbepHrbs;´BIkEnøgBüÜrsemøókbMBak; b:uEnþ vaceg¥ótNas; EdlsmEtCa
GaveRkArbs;b¥ÚnRsItUcrbs;´G‘Ícwg. ´)anbn§ÚrCayGav b:uEnþenAEtminGacbiTeLvGavhñwg)an
eTot. ´BitCacg;dwgfa etIBYkeKseRmccitþy:agem:c. b:uEnþ ´KitfaKeRmagkarenH nwgRtÚve)aH
bg;ecal eRBaHfa eBlenaHBYkTahanGg;eKøs )ancuHnavaeLIgeKakenAekaH suIsuIlI41 ehIy):a
«
)anrg;caMmþgeTotnUv RBwtþikarN_EdlbBa©b;qab;rh½s mYy. »
ebb )anRbKl;[ m:ahÁtú nigéFVkI ci k© arkariyal½yy:ageRcIn. TaMgGs;Kañ Gacvaytémøfa

eyIgTaMgBIrCamnusSsMxan; ehIyRbkarenH)anCYy ebb mYyEpñkFM. nrNak¾GacerobcMdak;
sMbuRteqøIyqøg[manrebob nigkt;RtacUlkñúgbBa¢Ilk;mYyEdr b:uEnþeyIgeFVIkic©karenH)any:agl¥
KYr[kt;smÁal;.
emob EtgEtTTYlbnÞúkdUcstVlamYyk,alCanic© Kat;KμaneFVIGVIeRkABIGUskBa©b;epSg²
eLIy. esÞIrEterogral;éf¶ Kat;ecjeTArk)anbEnøxøH² bnÞab;mk k¾Fak;kg;RtLb;mkvij eday
mandwkfg;bEnød¾FMmYy. Kat;k¾CamnusSmñak;EdlnaMykesovePAR)aMk,alBIbNÑal½y mkpþl[;
41 ekaHmYyenAsmuRTemDIETr:aen Edldac;ecjBIRbeTsGIutalI.
BYkeyIgenAerogral;éf¶esAr_Edr. BYkeyIgEtgrg;caMéf¶esAr_TaMgRcas;Rcal;kgúñ citCþ anic© BIeRBaHKWCa

éf¶EdleyIgRtÚvTTYlesovePAemIldUcekμgtUc² EdlnwgTTYl)anGMeNaymYyG‘Ícwg. mnusS
déT²eTotKμandwgfa esovePAsMxan;y:agNa sRmab;mnusSEdlRtÚvrs;enAbgçaMgxøÜnEbbenHeT.
karGanesovePA karsikSa nigkarsþab;vTi üú TaMgGs;enHKWCakarkmSanþEtmYyKt;rbs;eyIg.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶GgÁar TI13 Exkkáda qñaM1943
tutUcEdll¥bMput
resoléf¶mSilmij ):a)anGnuBaØat[éTAesñIelak DusEsl fa etIKat;eBjcitþnwg[´

¬emIletI´KYrsmb:unNa?¦ eRbItutUcenAkñúgbnÞb;rbs;ńigKat;BIrresolkñúgmYys)aþh_Edrb¤eT KW
BIem:agbYneTAem:agR)aMngi samsibnaTIla¶ c. ´GgÁy
ú enATIenaHral;éf¶eTAehIyBIem:agBIrnigsamsib
naTIeTAem:agbYn kñúgeBlEdl DusEsl edksRmakeBléf¶ ehIyeBlevlaEdlenAsl; eKmin
GnuBaØat[éRbIbnÞb;nigtuenaHeT. ´minGaceronenAbnÞb;Cab;KñaenHenAeBlresol)aneT eRBaH
manmnusSeRcIneBk. mü:ageTot eBlxøH):acUlcitþGgÁúyenAtukariyal½yenAeBlresolEdr.
dUecñH ´manehtuplRtwmRtÚvnwgsMNUmBrEbbenH ehIy´k¾)anesñIeTA DusEsl y:agKYr
«
sm. b:uEnþÉgsakKiteTAemIl bursecHdwgmñak;enH)aneqøIyy:agem:c? KW eT . KWBakü eT¡» « »
mYym:at;EdlmanlkçN³kMbutkMbuynigdac;xat.
ńwkekþARkhayPøam ehIy´minbeNþayxøÜneFVI[Tal;KMniteT dUecñH´)ansYrKat;BImUlehtu
« »
epSg²énkareqøIy eT enH. b:uEnþ´BMu)anseRmcGVIeLIykñúgerOgenH. Kat;)anBnül;ehtupl
EdlnaM[Kat;eqøy «
I fa³ ´k¾dcU KñaEdr ´RtÚvEteFVkI ar ebIsni Ca´minGaceFVkI arenAeBlresoleT
KW´KμaneBlnwgeFVIvaesaHeLIy. ´mankargarrbs;ÉdlRtÚvbBa©b; ebImindUecñaHeT ćab;epþImeFVI
kar)anRbeyaCn_GVIeTA. mü:ageTot Égmin)anykcitþTukdak;CasMxan;GMBIkareronsURtrbs;Ég
eT. eTvkfa etIenaHCakargareronsURtGIEdr? cak;Gavcak;sMBt;nigGanesovePAk¾min)ankar
Edr. éRbItuenaH ehIyńwgmine)aHbg;vaecaleLIy¡ . »
«
´)aneqøIytbeTAKat;fa elak DusEsl ´BitCacat;Tukkargarrbs;´sMxan;xøaMgNas;
108 Gan;E®hVg
´minGacsikSaenAbnÞb;Cab;enH)aneTenAeBlresol ehIyésñIsMu[elakBicarNasMeNIrbs;´
eLIgvijedayeyaKyl;¡ . »
niyayBaküTaMgenHrYcehIy Gan; EdlGak;Gn;RsBn;cti )þ angakmuxecj ehIyeFVhI ak;dcU Ca

evC¢bNÐitEdlmancMeNHdwgminenATIenHG‘Ícwg. ´xwgRceLaty:agxøaMg ehIyyl;eXIjfa
DusEsl CamnusSeQøIyhYsehtu ¬KWKat;eQøIyBitEmn¦ ehIyýl;eXIjfa xøÜnÉgrabsa
Nas;.
enAeBlyb; eBlEdl´GacrkCYb):aEtmñak;Ég ´)anR)ab;):aGMBIGVIEdl)anekIteLIg
ehIyeyIg)anBiPakSaKñafa etIKrY eFVGI eIV nAeBlbnÞab;mkeTot eRBaH´BMcu g;e)aHbg;bN
M grbs;´Rtwm
enHeT ehIymü:ageTotenaH ćg;edaHRsaybBaðaenHedayxøÜnÉg. BIm )anpþl;KMnit[´xøH²fa
etIRtÚveFVIy:agem:cCamYy DusEsl b:uEnþKat;)anR)ab;[rg;caMdl;éf¶Es¥ksin eRBaHéBlenH
kMBugEtmanGarmμN_RcbUkRcbl;. ´min)aneFVItamdMbUnμancugeRkayenHeLIy ehIyenAeBlyb;
bnÞab;BI lagcanqñaMgrYc ´)anenArg;caMelak DusEsl. BIm GgÁúyenAkñúgbnÞb;Ek,reyIgEdleFVI
[ Dus Esl Bi)akbdiesFnig´.
«
´)ancab;epþImniyayfa elak DusEsl elakRbEhlCaKitfa karBiPakSabEnßmGMBI
bBaðaenHKμanRbeyaCn_eT b:uEnþ´sUmGgVrelak[BicarNaeLIgvij . »
«
CamYysñamjjwmKYr[Rslaj;bpM tu rbs;Kat; elak DusEsl niyayfa ÉtgEteRtóm
BiPakSabBaðaenaHCanic© eTaHbICavaRtÚv)anedaHRsayrYcehIyk¾eday . »
´)anniyaybnþeTot eTaHbICa DusEsl niyaykat;mþgehIymþgeTotk¾eday. ńiyay

«
fa enAeBlelakmkTIenHdMbUg BYkeyIg)anyl;RBmfa bnÞb;enHCarbs;eyIgTaMgBIrnak;.
RbsinebIeyIgEbgEckvaedayRtwmRtÚvKWelakRtÚveRbIteu nHeBlRBwk ehIy´RtÚveRbIeBlresol¡
»
b:uEnþ´minsMueRbIeRcIneT KWsMuEtBIrresolb:ueNÑaHkñúgmYys)aþh_ .
Rtg;enH elak DusEsl sÞúHecjBIekAGIrbs;Kat; hak;dUcCaKat;dak;KUTRcLMGgÁúyelI
«
m¢úlxÞas;mYyG‘Ícwg. ÉgKμanerOgGVIRtÚvniyayBIsiT§icMeBaHbnÞb;enHeT. etI´RtÚveTAenAkEnøg
Na? RbEhlCa´KYrEtesñI[elak v:an; daGan sg;CRmktUcmYyenAelIsáak[éhIy
emIleTA. minEmnmanEtÉgeT EdlminGacrkkEnøgs¶at;eFVIkargar)an. ÉgenHEtgEtnaMerOg
eQøaHCanic©hñwg. ebIsinCabgRsIrbs;Ég m:ahÁút CaGñkEdlmankardwgxusRtÚvRbesIrCagÉg
esñIédaysMeNIdUcKñaenH ńwgminmanbMNgbdiesFeLIy b:uEnþÉg>>> . »
Kat;)anelIkmkBiPakSaBIerOgeTvkfanigGavcak;mþgeTot ehIy Gan; k¾RtÚveKRbmafCafμI.

«
b:uEnþ´min)anbgðaj[eKdwgeT ehIybeNþay[ DusEsl niyay[Gs;eTAcuH³ enATIbMput vaKμan
meFüa)ayeFVI[yl;KñaCamYyÉgeT. ÉgCamnusSKitEtxøÜnÉg eday\teGonxμas manEterOg
mYyb:ueNÑaHEdleFVI[ÉgcUlcitþKWTTYl)annUvGVIEdlÉgRtÚvkar ehIyerOgdéTeTotTaMgGs;RtÚvEt
sßitenAmçag. ´minEdleXIjekμgNadUcÉgTal;EtesaH. ebIKitsBV²eTA ńwgRtÚvbeNþaytam
citþÉg eRBaH´mincg;B¤Baküfa Gan; E®hVg RbLgFøak;edaysarEtelak DusEsl minRBmRbKl;
»
tu[nageT¡ .
Kat;niyayhUrEhRtEb:lt rhUtdl;ésÞIrEtsþab;min)an. PøamenaH´Kitfa³ ńwgeTA «
»
vayk,alKat;mYyéd[Kat;xÞateTApÞb;CBa¢aMgEtmþg[smnwgkarPUtkuhkrbs;Kat;¡ . b:uEnþmYy
«
Rsbk;eRkaymk ´Kitfa enA[es¶óm mnusSRbePTenH minskþismÉgekItTukedaysareT¡ . »
enATIbBa©b;kMhwgrbs;elak DusEsl k¾Gs;xül;RtwmenH ehIyKat;)ancakecjBIbnÞb;

edaymanTwkmuxRbkbedayeCaKC½ylayLMnwgkarxwgsm,a. cMENkehae):AGavm:g;tUrbs;Kat;
vijjat;GahareLIgeBj.
édIrsáat;eTArk):a ehIyniyayR)ab;Kat;BIsac;erOgTaMgmUl b¤k¾y:agehacNas; erOg
Edl):aminTan;dwgEdr. eBlenaH BIm )anseRmccitþniyaynwg DusEsl enAl¶acéf¶dEdlEtmþg
ehIykarBiPakSarbs;Kat;manry³eBlCagknøHem:ag. dMbUgBYkKat;)andNþwgsYrfa etIKYr[ Gan;
eRbItuenaHb¤Gt;. ):a)anniyayfa Kat; nig DusEsl Føab;)anykerOgenHmkedaHRsay
rYcmþgmkehIy b:uEnþeBlenaHKat;eFVICayl;RsbeTAtameyabl;rbs; DusEsl eTA BIeRBaHKat;
mincg;niyayRbqaMgCamYymnusScas;CagenAcMeBaHmuxmnusSekμgCageT b:uEnþ ):ayl;eXIjfa
vaminRtwmRtÚv. elak DusEsl yl;eXIjfa ´KμansiT§iniyayGVIeT eFVIemIlEtKat;CaGñkcUl
QøanBanmkdeNþImGVI²sBVy:agG‘Ícwg. b:uEnþ ):a)anniyayRbqaMgnwgKat;dac;xatGMBIcMNucenH
BIeRBaH ):amin)anB¤ńiyayEbbenHpÞal;RtecokKat;eT. emø:aHehIyk¾mankarCECkKñaeTAmk
« » « »
eday):akarBar´GMBeI rOg GtþTtßPaB nig kargarrvl; rbs;´ cMENk DusEsl rG‘rU TaMmni Qb;.
enATIbpM tu eTaHbICay:agNa DusEsl RtÚvEtcuHj:m ehIy´mansiTei§ RbIbnÞbk; gúñ mYys)aþh_
BIreBlenAeBlresol edIm,IeFVIkaredayKμanGñkNarMxan. DusEsl hak;dUcCamYem:ANas;.
Kat;enAes¶ómminniyayrk´Gs;BIréf¶ ehIyKat;eFVIy:agNa[Kat;GaceRbItuenaHBIem:agR)aMdl;
em:agR)aMnigsamsibnaTI. Kat;eFVIdUcCakUnekμgG‘Ícwg.
110 Gan;E®hVg
mnusSNamancritkMbuikkMb:ukeRcIn nigceg¥ótcg¥l;EbbenHkñúgGayuhasibbYnqñaMeTAehIy
mnusSenaHekItmkG‘IcwgEtmþg ehIyminpøas;bþÚrcritcas;eT.

XIFI smøaj;/
mankarlYceLIgKas;TVarpÞHCafμI b:uEnþmþgenHBitCaEmnETnEtmþg¡ enAevlaem:agR)aMBIrRBwk
pitF½r )ancuHeTAXøaMgpÞúkTMnijdUcsBVdg ehIy)aneXIjPøamfa TVarXøaMgpÞúkTMnij k¾dUcTVarebIkeTA
rkpøÚvsuT§EtcMh. pitF½r )anraykarN_BIerOgenHPøamR)ab; BIm Edl)aneTAkan;kariyal½ypÞal;
xøÜn ebIkviTüúb:usþ×GaløWm:g;nigbiTTVarcak;esa. bnÞab;mkGñkTaMgBIr)aneLIgeTACan;elIvijCamYyKña.
«
enAkñúgkrNIEbbenH esckþIbgÁab;[Rby½tñRbEygCaFmμtarbs;BYkeyIgKW minRtÚvlublagxøÜn
b¤ebIkTwk RtÚvsßitenAes¶óms¶at; RtÚvRbúgeRbóbxøÜn[eRsc nigesøókBak;[ehIyenAem:agR)aMbI
»
RtÚveFVmI bÚð enAem:agR)aMbI nigminRtÚvcUlbnÞbT; kw eLIy . BYkeyIgmanTmøab;eFVtI ambTbBa¢aenHeday
\tel¥óg. BYkeyIgTaMgGs;rIkrayEdl)aneKglk;RsYlnigKμanB¤sMeLgGVITaMgGs;. b:uEnþBYk
eyIg)anekþARkhaytictYc BIeRBaHeBjmYyRBwkKμannrNamñak;kñúgkariyal½yeLIgmkCan;xagelI
esaH. elak ekøm:g; )anTuk[BYkeyIgsßitenAkñúgsßanPaBRBÜy)armÖrhUtdl;em:agdb;mYynigsam
sibnaTI. Kat;)anniyayR)ab;BYkeyIgfa BYkecar)anbukTmøayTVarxageRkA nigbM)ak;esaTVarXøaMg
TMnijedayEdkKas;xøImYy k¾b:uEnþenAeBlBYkecarrkmineXIjGVImantémøenAkñúgXøaMgTMnijedIm,IlYc
BYkvaTaMgenaH)aneTApSgsMNagenACan;xagelIeKbg¥s;mYyeTot. BYkecar)anlYcRbGb;tUcBIr
Edlmanluy40hÁIldWenAkñúgenaH nigesovePAmUlb,Tanb½RtminTan;sresrCaeRcInk,al ehIy
F¶n;F¶rCageKKWb½NÑsRmab;Tijsárs150KILÚRkam EdlCacMENkTaMgGs;rbs;eyIg. eyIgnwg
mingayrk)anb½NÑfμIeToteT.
elak XuKø½r Kitfa ecarKas;pÞHenHCaRkúmecarEdlb:unb:gKas;cUlmin)anseRmc kalBI
R)aMmYys)aþh_mun edIm,IebIkTVarTaMgbI KW ¬TVarXøaMgTMnij nigTVarcUlGKarBIr¦.
erOgr:avenH)anbNþal[mankarrMeCIbrMCYlxøH²mþgeTot b:uEnþGKarbEnßmhak;dUcCa
sb,aycMeBaHkarrMePIbcitþ. CaFmμta BYkeyIgrIkrayEdlhibR)ak; nigm:asuInGgÁúlIelxTaMgGs;
RtÚv)anlak;Tuky:agl¥enAkñúgTUsRmab;dak;exaGavrbs;eyIg.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
esckþIbEnßm kareLIgeKakrbs;kgT½BGg;eKøsenAekaH suIsuIlI. mYyCMhaneTot kan;Et

Cit>>>¡
éf¶c½nÞ TI19 Exkkáda qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
GamsÞWdamPaKxageCIg)anTTYlrgkarTmøak;RKab;Ebky:agF¶n;F¶renAéf¶GaTitü. karbMpøic
bMpaø jRbEhlCaxøaMgsem,ImNas;. GKarenAtampøÚvnana)anRtÚveFVI[xUcxatTaMgRsug ehIyeK
RtÚvkarcMNayeBlEfmeTotedIm,ITajyksaksBTaMgGs;ecjBIKMnr)ak;Ebk. rhUtmkdl;
eBlenHmanGñksøab;cMnYnBIrrynak; nigGñkrbYsrab;minGs;. mnÞIreBTüTaMgLaysuT§EtmanGñkCMgW
eBjENneRtóbRta. BYkeyIgB¤eKniyayGMBIekμg²EdlEsVgrksaksB«Bukmþayrbs;BYkeK
enAkñúgKMnr)ak;EbkEdlmanEpSghuyenAeLIy. énAP½yjak;sac;BIerOgenaH enAeBlEdl´Kit
eLIgvijBIsMeLglan;rMBgy:agxøaMg nigj½rrBa¢ÜyenAÉnay EdlCasBaØaR)ab;[dwgBIkarbMpøaj[
sabsUnümYykan;EtxitCitmkdl;.

enAeBlenH ebb GacrkesovePA)anCaeRcInk,aledayxøÜnÉg CaBiessesovePA
Tinanub,vtþi nigesovePAbBa¢IFMCaeRcInk,al EdlmanRbeyaCn_sRmab;bgRsI´GñkrkSabBa¢I¡
eKlk;esovePAepSg²eTotEdr b:uEnþkMusYr´famanesovePAGVIxøH ehIyvamandl;eBlNa. enA
« »
eBlenH esovePATaMgGs;manbiTpøakfa³ esovePAEdlGaceRbI)anedayKμanb½NÑ¡ dUcCaGVI²
TaMgGs;epSgeTotEdlGñkGacTijedayKμan ¬b½N¦Ñ EtmkMNt;brimaNEdr vaminmanRbeyaCn_GIV
esaH. esovePATaMgGs;enaHmanRkdasBN’RbepHdb;BIrsnøwkEdlmanExSbnÞat;jwknigevoccuH
eLIg. m:ahÁút kMBugKitGMBIkarcUleronvKÁsikSaqøak;GkSr. ´)anpþl;eyabl;[Kat;eroneTA.
m:ak;mni [éronviCa¢ enHdac;xat edaysarEtEPñkrbs;´ b:Eu nþýl;fa enaHCaerOgminsmehtupl.
minfaéronmuxviC¢aenH b¤GVIepSgeToteTKWvadUcEtKñahñwg.
XIFI edaysarEtÉgminEdlqøgkat;s®gÁam ehIyedayÉg)andwgtictYcGMBICIvitrbs;
Gñkrs;enAlak;xøÜn eTaHbI´)ansresrsMbuRteRcInehIykþIenaH ńwgniyayR)ab;Égfa etIBYkeyIg
mñak;²cg;eFVIGVImuneKenAéf¶EdleyIgcakecjBITIenH edIm,IeFVI[Égsb,ay.
112 Gan;E®hVg
m:ahÁút nig elak v:an; daGan manbMNgedkRtaMTwkekþAenAkñúgGag[)anelIsBIknøHem:ag.

elakRsI v:an; daGan eBjcitþnwgeTAjúaMnMexkPøam. DusEsl KμanKitGMBIGVIeRkAEtBI saLÚt
rbs;Kat;b:ueNÑaH ehIym:ak;R)afñacg;júaMkaehVmYyEBg. ):acg;eTAelgelak v:UsÁÚ. pitF½r cg;
eTATIRkúg ehIycMENkédaysb,ayrIkrayxøaMgeBk ´mindwgcab;epþImBIRtg;NaeTAeT.
GVIEdl´RtÚvkarbMputenaH KWćg;)anpÞHpÞal;xøÜnmYyEdlGac[éFVIdMeNIreTAmkedayesrI
ehIymannrNamñak;CYyéFVIkic©karsalaEdlRKÚdak;[mkeFVIenApÞHCafμIeTotenATIbMputenaH¡
ebb mancitTþ ji EpøeQI[eyIgenAkñgú témøefakxusFmμta³ TMBaMg)ayCUr témø5/5hÁlI dW
kñgú mYyKILRÚ kam EpøhsÚÁ bWrtI émø 1>50hÁlI dWkgúñ mYyKILRÚ kam EpøERhVsmYytEmø 50esn EpømLW gú
témø1>6hÁIldWkñúgmYyKILÚRkam. erogral;éf¶ kaEstnanasresrdak;CaGkSrFM²fa³ rkSatémø «
»
efak¡ .
éf¶c½nÞ TI26 Exkkáda qñaM1943

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
mSilmij KWCaéf¶RCÜlRcal;xøaMgNas; ehIysUm,IEteBlenHBYkeyIgk¾enAEtrMCYlcitþenA
eLIy. mü:ageTot ÉgGacsYreyIgfa etImanéf¶NaEdlKμankarrMCYlcitþEdrb¤Gt;.
enAeBlBYkeyIgkMBugjúaMGahareBlRBwk eyIg)anB¤suIEr:nRbkasGasnñ[dwgCamunCaelIk
dMbUg b:uEnþBYkeyIgminxVl;eT BIeRBaHRbkarenHmann½yfa ynþehaHTmøak;RKab;EbkkMBugehaHqøg
smuRT. bnÞab;BGI ahareBlRBwk ´)aneTATeRmtxønÜ cMnnY mYyem:ag BIeRBaH ´QWk,alxøaMgeBkehIy
bnÞab;mkeTAkariyal½yRbEhlCaem:agBIr. enAem:agBIrnigsamsibnaTI m:ahÁút )anbBa©b;kic©kar
rbs;Kat;enAkariyal½y ehIyKat;BMuTan;erobcMTukdak;Rbdab;RbdaGs;enAeLIyeT eBlEdlsMeLg
suIEr:ncab;epþImbnøWmþgeTot. dUecñH ńigKat;k¾eLIgeTACan;elIvijCamYyKña. min)anR)aMnaTIpg sñÚr
RKab;kaMePøIg)anlan;B¤eLIgkgrMBg rhUtdl;BYkeyIgRtÚvEtmkQrenARckrebog. pÞHenHeLIgj½r
« »
rBa¢Üy ehIyRKab;EbkenAEtFøak;. ´»b begVcsRmab;eKcxøÜn rbs;Ćab;nwgRTÚg BIeRBaHćg;
manGVImYyedIm,I»bCaCagcg;rt;ykrYcxøÜn eTaHCay:agNak¾BYkeyIgminGaccakecjBITIenH)anEdr
b:uEnþRbsinebIBYkeyIgRtÚvEtcakecjenaHnwgRtÚveKeXIjenAtampøÚv ehIyR)akdCamaneRKaHfñak;
y:agFMsRmab;CvI ti rbs;eyIgdUckarTmøak;RKab;EbkmYyG‘cÍ gw . ry³eBlknøHem:agsMeLgynþehaH
)ancuHfy rIÉskmμPaBenAkñúgpÞHk¾)ancab;epþImeLIgvij. pitF½r )ancuHBIkEnøgXøaMemIlrbs;Kat;
enAkñúgsáakxagmux. DusEsl kMBugenAkñúgkariyal½yxagmux. elakRsI v:an; daGan dwgxøÜnfa

mansnþisuxbMputenAkñúgkariyal½ypÞal;xøÜn. elak v:an; daGan )antamemIlRbtibtþikarepSg²BI
bnÞb;Cab;dMbUlpÞH ehIyGñkEdlenAQrelIranCeNþIr)anbMEbkKñaedIm,IeTAemIldMuEpSghuyeLIg
eTAelIGakasBIelIkMBg;Ep. minyUrb:unμan køineQ¶óménePøIgeqH)ansayPayRKb;TIkEnøg ehIy
eK)anniyayfa enAxageRkApÞH G½BÞEpSgd¾Rkas;)anRKbdNþb;TIRkúgTaMgmUl.
R)akdehIy GKÁiP½yd¾FMmYydUcenH BMuEmnCaTsSnIyPaBEdll¥emIleLIy b:uEnþeday
sMNagl¥sRmab;BkY eyIg erOgenH)anknøgputeTAehIyeyIgTaMgGs;Kañ )anvilRtLb;mkeFVkI argar
epSg²rbs;eyIgenAkñúgpÞHvij. cMeBlEdlBYkeyIgkMBugcab;epþImbriePaKGahareBll¶ac³ man
sBaØaRbkasGasnñGMBIkarRbhartamGakas. eyIgmanmðÚbq¶aj;²sRmab;briePaK ´júaMmincUl
eLIyenAeBlB¤sMeLgsuIEr:n. b:uEnþ KμanGVIekIteLIgesaH ehIyEssibR)aMnaTIeRkaymk sMeLg
RbkasGasnñ)anbBa©b.; bnÞab;BcI anqñagM RtÚv)anerobcMTku dak;rcY ³ mansMeLgRbkasGasnñ kar
«
)aj;Kña nig ynþehaHmYyhVÚg. GU+¡ RBHCam©as; BIrdgkñúgéf¶EtmYy KWBitCacMnYneRcInehIy¡ »
eyIgmansMNagbnþic BIeRBaHenAeBlenHRKab;Ebk)anFøak;eRsacenATIRkúgmçagCafμImþgeTot.
tamr)aykarN_rbs;Gg;eKøsfa Gakasyandæan sÁIhVÚl )anRtÚvvayRbharedayRKab;Ebk.
ynþehaH)ane)aHBYycuHmkeRkam ehIyehaHeLIgeTAelI enAelIGakasmanB¤sMeLgynþehaH
«
y:agRKlYc. vaKYr[P½yrn§t;xøaMgNas;ehIy´KitRKb;eBlfa³ ynþehaHmkdl;ehIy cb;eBl
»
enH .
´GHGagnwgÉgfa enAeBlćUleKgenAem:agR)aMbYn ´P½yj½reCIgenAeLIy. enAcMBak;
kNþalGRFaRt ´)anPJak;dwgxøÜnRkjageLIg eRBaHB¤sMeLgynþehaHy:ageRcIn¡ DusEsl kMBug
EtedaHsemøókbMBak;ecj b:uEnþ´mincab;GarmμN_eT ´PJak;dUceKk®nþak;sÞúHcuHBIelIERKPøam enAeBl
B¤sUrsMeLg)aj;dMbUg. ´)anedkenAelIERK):arhUtdl;em:agmYy rYcmkedkenAERK´rhUtem:ag
mYynigsamsibnaTI ehIyem:agBIrRtLb;eTAEk,r):avij. b:uEnþynþehaHenAEtehaHeTAehaHmkBI
xagelIeyIgCanic©. enATIbMputkar)aj;kaMePøIg)anbBa©b; ehIy´GacRtLb;eTAbnÞb;rbs;´vij
mþgeTot. TIbBa©b; ´)aneKglk;enAem:agBIrnigsamsibnaTI.
em:agR)aMBIrRBwk. ´)anegIbGgÁúyq¶k;enAelIERKrbs;´. elak v:an; daGan sßitenACamYy
«
):a. karnwkKitdMbUgrbs;´KW³ BYkecarKas;TVarpÞH. ´)anB¤elak v:an; daGan niyayfa GVI²TaMg
»
Gs; ehIy´Kitfa BYkecarmuxCalYcrbs;rbrKμansl;GVIeT. b:uEnþminEmnG‘ÍcwgesaH mþgenHKW
114 Gan;E®hVg
dMNwgy:agl¥mYyCadMNwgl¥elIseKEdleyIgFøab;B¤taMgBIeRcInExmkehIy ehIyRbEhlCataMgBI
s®gÁam)ancab;epþImemø:H. mUssUlInI )ancuHecjBItMENg ehIyRBHecAGFiraCRbeTsGuItalI
)aneLIgeFVICaemdwknaMrdæaPi)al.
BYkeyIgrMePIbrIkrayéRkElg. bnÞab;BIRBwtþikarN_KYr[rn§t;kalBImSilmij enATIbMput
eyIgmansMNagnigesckþIsgÇwmbnþiceLIgvij. esckþIsgÇwmEdleXIjs®gÁamRtÚvcb; esckþI
sgÇwmfanwgmansnþiPaB.
elak XuKø½r )anmksYrsuxTukçeyIg ehIyR)ab;BYkeyIgfa eragcRkplitynþehaH hVúkxW
)anRtÚvvayRbhary:agF¶n;F¶r. TnÞwmeBlenaH eyIgB¤sBaØaRbkasGasnñfμIeTotenAeBlRBwkenH
edaymanynþehaHehaHenAelIemX ehIymansMeLgsuIEr:nRBman[dwgmunmYyeTot. ´)anRtÚv
eFVI[cuHexSaykmøaMgTaMgRsugedaysarsMeLgRbkasGasnñeRcIndgeBk. ésÞIrEtmin)aneKg
ehIy´mancitþcg;EteFVIkar. b:uEnþsRmab;eBlenH karrg;caMdMNwgepSg²BIRbeTsGuItalInigkþI
sgÇwmfa s®gÁamnwgcb;RtwmcugqñaMenH)andas;GarmμN_eyIgeLIgvij>>>.
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
elakRsI v:an; daGan DusEsl nig´kMBugEtlagcanqñaMg ehIyés¶óms¶at;xøaMgNas;.
karEdléFVIdUecñH BitCacEmøkbMputsRmab;BYkeK ehIyBYkeKR)akdCacab;GarmμN_. dUecñH
edIm,IkarBarsMNYrepSg²TukCamun ´)anriHrkerOgGBüaRkwtmYymkniyay ehIyýl;eXIjfa
« »
esovePAerOg hinrI ®hVm GwRkÚs Dw RsÞIt nwgeqøIytbcMeBaHkarcaM)ac;enHehIy. b:uEnþ´man
karP½nþRcLMxøÜnÉg enAeBlEdlelakRsI v:an; daGan mintmat;CamYy´ KWelak DusEsl CaGñk
eqøy
I tbeTAvij. enHKWerOgr:av³ elak DusEsl )anniyayENnaMBeI sovePAenHR)ab; m:ahÁtú nig
ý:agekøóvkøafa CaesovePAmYyl¥\tex©aH. b:uEnþ m:ahÁút nigýl;pÞúyRsLHBIGVIEdl\tex©aH
rbs;esovePAenaH. tYGgÁekμgRbúskñúgesovePARtÚv)anBiBN’nay:agl¥ b:uEnþGVIEdlsl;eRkABI
enaH>>>´minniyayl¥Cag. ´)anniyayGVImYyEbbenaH enAeBleyIgkMBugEtlagcan ehIy
DusEsl k¾cab;epþImriHKn;bkmkvijy:agBitR)akd.
« etIÉgGacyl;BIlkçN³citþsa®sþrbs;mnusSeBjv½ymñak;Edrb¤eT? lkçN³citþsa®sþ
rbs;ekμgRbúsmñak;vaminBi)akeBkeT. b:uEnþÉgenAekμgNas;edIm,IGanesovePARbePTenH.
»
sUm,IEtmnusSRbúsGayuémÖqñaM k¾minGacnwgyl;c,as;BIesovePAenHEdr . ¬ebIG‘Ícwg ehtuGI)an
CaKat;niyayENnaM[´ nig m:ahÁút GanesovePAenaHeTAvij?¦.
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan nig DusEsl )anbnþriHKn;teTAeTot³ ÉgdwgerOgr:aveRcInNas;
EdlminsmnwgGayurbs;Ég. ÉgmankarGb;rmM y Y EdlminGacsRmbtammCÄdæanEdlÉgrs;enA
TaMgRsug. éf¶eRkay kalNaÉgmanGayukan;EteRcIn ÉgnwgElgmankarsb,ayePøtI ePønI kñgú qak
«
CIvti eTotehIy. ÉgmuxCaniyayfa GU¡+ erOgTaMgGs;enH ´Føab;Gankñgú esovePACaeRcInrYcmkehIy
»
kalBIémÖqñaMmun . ÉgKYrEtRbjab;rYsran; RbsinCaÉgcg;mansVamImñak; b¤manesckþIesñhacMeBaH
GñkNamñak; ebImindUecñHeTGVI²TaMgGs;nwgeFVI[Égxkcitþminxan. xagRTwsþIKWÉgecHrYcGs;ehIy
b:uEnþGVIEdlÉgenAxVHxat KWkarGnuvtþn_. enaHCaerOgmYyepSgeTot¡ . »
etIÉgdwgeTfa ´manGarmμNE_ bbNa? ´PJak;ep¥lI cMeBaHxønÜ ÉgEdlGaceqøy I tbedaynwgn

«GñkTaMgBIrRbEhlCaKitfa ´)anciBa©wm[ditdl; b:uEnþmnusSCaeRcInminyl;Rsbnwgeyabl;rbs;
»
GñkTaMgBIreT¡ .
BYkKat;RbEhlCaeCOfa karciBa©wmkUn[)anl¥RtÚvrYmmankarBüayameFVI[´ RbqaMgnwg«Buk
mþayrbs;´ eRBaHBYkKat;EtgEt)aneFVIdUecñH. vaCaerOgl¥mYyEdlminR)ab;ekμgRsImñak;Gayu
Rs)al´GMBIerOgr:avmnusSeBjv½y. eyIgGacdwg)anfa etInwgmanGVIekIteLIg ebIsinCamnusS
eyIgRtÚv)anciBa©mw tamrebobenHenaH. enAeBlenaH ´KYrEtRtÚvTHkMepøógBYkeKEdlniyaycMGk
[´. énAeBareBjedaykMhwgeqHeral ehIyebIsin´dwgfa etIeBlNaeTIbeyIgGacrs;enAGt;
»n[Kña)anenaH ´muxCanwgrab;éf¶enaHBMuxan.
elakRsI v:an; daGan CamnusSmñak;KrY elIkykmkniyay¡ Kat;KCW aKMrmU y
Y b:Eu nþKCW aKMrGU aRkk;
b:ueNÑaH. nrNak¾dwgEdrfa Kat;CamnusSelaPln; GYtGagEtBIxøÜnÉg manl,ickleRcIn dwgEtBI
cUl ehIyminKYr[cUlcitþesaH. bEnßmelIenHeTot Kat;BitCamnusSmanemaTkPaBhYsehtu nig
mJúikmJ:k;KYr[kñaj;. ebIKit[sBVRKb;eTAKat;CamnusSKYr[s¥b;ex<ImNas;. ´GacsresresovePA
)anmYyk,alEtmþg GMBIelakRsI v:an; daGan ehIyéf¶NamYyńwgsresrEmnk¾mindwg. mnusS
eyIgGaceFVIb£kBal¥dak;GñkxageRkA)an ebIsinCaeyIgcg;eFVI. elakRsI v:an; daGan Etgrak;Tak;
dak;mnusSxageRkA CaBiessburs². dUecñHeKgaynwgyl;RcLMNas;cMeBaHcritrbs;Kat; enA
eBlCYbKat;elIkdMbUg.
116 Gan;E®hVg
m:ak;Kitfa elakRsI v:an; daGan CamnusSqáÜtEtmþg. m:ahÁút yl;fa Kat;CamnusSykCa

karmin)an. BIm yl;faKat;GaRkk;Nas; ¬tamn½yRtg;nign½yeRbóbeFob¡¦ ehIybnÞab;BIkar
segáty:agyUrmk ¬BIeRBaH´minEdleFVIkarvinicä½yedayKμankarRtiHriHeT¦ ´)anseRmceFVIkar
snñidæanfa Kat;skþismnwgTTYlBakübgðajBIlkçN³sm,tþibIxagelI nigeRcInCagenHEfmeTot.
Kat;manKuNvibtþiy:ageRcIn ehtuGVI´minTajKuNvibtþimYymkniyayCasm¥agedayELk?
Gan; rbs; XI F I
esckþbI Enßm erOgenHRtÚv)ansresrmuneBlkMhgw rbs;Gkñ niBn§enABMTu an;fycuHmkvijeT?
éf¶GgÁar TI3 ExsIha qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
GMBnI eya)ay GV²I TaMgGs;ngw mandMeNIreTAkan;EtRbesIreLIg. enARbeTsGutI alI KNbkS
hVasuIs)anRtÚvhamXat;. RbCaCn)anRbyuT§RbqaMgnwgBYkhVasuIsesÞIrenARKb;TIkEnøg kgT½B
mYycMnnY tUck¾clU rYmcMENkkñgú karRbyuTE§ dr. etIRbeTsenHGacbnþeFVsI ®gÁamTl;ngw RbeTsGg;eKøs
)anedayrebobNa?
viTüúd¾s¥atrbs;BYkeyIg)anRtÚvdeNþImykeTAkalBIs)aþh_mun. DusEsl Gn;citþ
y:agxøagM Edlelak XuKr½ø RbKl;vTi üúenHtaméf¶EdlkMNt;Tku Camun. tamkarvaytémørbs;´ KMnti
rbs; DusEsl kan;EtFøak;cuHexSayeTA² ehIyRbEhlCaFøak;dl;eRkamsUnürYceTAehIy. GVIk¾
edayEdlKat;niyayGMBIneya)ay Rbvtþisa®sþ PUmisa®sþ nigerOgepSg²eTot KWBitCaKYr[
Gs;sMeNIcNas;EdlésÞIrEtminh‘anniyayeLIgvij³ GuIEtør nwgrlayrUb)at;BIRbvtþisaRsþ.
kMBg;EpenA r:UteTIdaM42 FMCagkMBg;EpenA haMbWk43. BYkGg;eKøssuT§EtCamnusSlIelI EdlmineFVI[
RbeTsGuItalIGnþrFaneRkamkarTmøak;RKab;EbkenAeBlenH.l.nig.l.
BYkeyIg)anTTYlrgkarTmøak;RKab;EbkCaelIkTIbI. ´s®gáWteFμj ehIy´xMhat;[man
esckþIkøahan.
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan EdlEtgEtniyayfa BYkGg;eKøsmuxCa)anseRmc ehIy manTI » «
bBa©b;EdleFV[I P½yrn§tm; y »
Y RbesIrCagKμanTIbBa©be; saH enaH \LÚvenH Kat;KCW amnusSkMsakCag
42 RkúgmYyenAPUmiPaKnirtIkñúgRbeTshuløg;.
4 3 RkúgmYyenAPaKxageCIgénRbeTsGaløWm:g; fitenAtamTenøEGlb‘W enAPaK|sanénRkúgRb‘ÍEmn.
eKbMput kñúgcMeNamBYkeyIg. RBwkenHKat;j½rjak;dUcedImERtgeyal ehIyERskRTehayM

eTot. sVamIrbs;Kat;EdleTIbEtCananwgKñavij bnÞab;BkI areQøaHRbEkkKñamYys)aþh)_ anlYgelam
Kat;[rsayTukç. TsSnIyPaBenHesÞIrEtRKb;RKan;eFVI[´manGarmμN_rMePIbeTAehIy.
\LÚvenH mUsQI )anbgðajy:agc,as;fa manqμamYyk,alenAkñúgpÞHminEmnsuT§Etman
RbeyaCn_eT vak¾naMbBaðapgEdr. éceBjpÞH ehIyBImYyéf¶eTAmYyéf¶kan;EteRcIneTA². elak
ekøm:g; )anerayemSABN’elOgenAtamknøúkkenøótTaMgGs; b:uEnþécKμanxøacTal;EtesaH. erOgenH
)aneFVI[BYkeyIgTaMgGs;KñamYem:Ay:agxøaMg. édnigeCIgrbs;BYkeyIgb¤EpñkepSg²eToténxøÜn
R)aNeyIgrmas;Canic© dUecñHeyIgenAminsuxesaH. \LÚvBYkeyIgTTYlplGaRkk;edaysarmin
)anhat;R)aNehIy. BYkeyIgmanxønÜ R)aNRTmk;. taMgBIyrU mkehIy Edlkarhat;R)aNBit
R)akd)an rlay)at;BIskmμPaBRbcaMéf¶rbs;eyIg.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶BuF TI4 ExsIha qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
CagmYyqñaMmkehIy EdlBYkeyIgzitenAkñúgkarlak;xøÜn. ÉgdwgeRcInEdrehIyGMBIkarrs;
enArbs;BkY eyIg b:Eu nþ´RbEhlminGacR)ab;ÉgRKb;ya: g)aneT BIeRBaHGV²I TaMgGs;mankarxusEbøk
KñaxøaMgNas; ebIeRbóbeFobeTAGVIEdl)anekIteLIgenAsm½yFmμta nigkñúgsm½ymnusSFmμta.
KWBti CaxusKñaxøagM Nas;. eTaHy:agNakþI edIm,IGnuBaØat[Égsmøgw emIlkan;EtCak;lak;GBM kI arrs;enA
rbs;eyIg BImYyeBleTAmYyeBl ńwgerobrab;R)ab;ÉgyUr²mþgnUvcMENkmYyénéf¶FmμtamYy.
enAéf¶enH ćab;epþImniyayBIeBlk,alRBlb;nigyb;.
evlaem:agR)aMbYnyb;³ enAGKarbEnßm eBleKgEtgEtcab;epþImedayskm~PaBruHerIy:ag
jab;édeCIg. ekAGIRtÚvbþrÚ TItaMg ERKRtÚvTajecj PYyRtÚvla K~anGVIenAkEnøgdUckalBIéf¶eT.
éKgelIekAGIbt;tcU mYyEdlmanRbEvgEtmYyryhasibBIrsg;TEI m:Rtb:ueNÑaH dUecñHBYkeyIgRtÚv
EtbEnßmekAGIBIrbIedIm,IeFVI[vaEvgCagmun. BUkjat;eramstV kRmalBUk exñIy PYy³ GVI²TaMgGs;
RtÚv)anTajecjBIERKrbs; DusEsl CakEnøgEdlrbs;Gs;enHsßitenARtg;enaHkalBIéf¶.
kñúgbnÞb;Cab;Kña eKB¤sMeLgguWtg:t²KYr[RBW³ KWERKbt;rbs; m:ahÁút RtÚv)andMeLIg. man
bEnßmeTotnUv PYy exñIy nigGVI²TaMgGs;edIm,IeFVI[rnabeQImanPaBkk;ekþACagmunbnþic. enACan;
118 Gan;E®hVg
elIeKsþab;B¤sUrdUcpÁr b:uEnþKWsMeLgERKrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan EdlRtÚveKrujeTArkbg¥Üc edIm,I

GnuBaØat[Gñknagm©as;EdlBak;GavFMsRmab;eKgBN’páaQUk GacRsUbxül;raRtItamrn§RcmuHtUc
Tn;rbs;Kat;)an.
em:agR)aMbYn³ bnÞab;BI pitF½r KWCaevnrbs;ćUlbnÞb;Twkmþg. ´duslagxøÜnBIk,aldl;Rmam
eCIg ehIyCajwkjab;Nas;Edl´rkeXIjéctUcmYyGENþtkñúgGaglagcan ¬kñúgGMLúgeBlEx
s)aþh_ b¤éf¶EdlekþAxøaMgb:ueNÑaH¦. bnÞab;mk ´duseFμj mUrsk; dusxat;Rkck ykdMusMLItUc²
EdlepSImfñaMeb:r:uksuIt mklabelIbbUrmat;elIrbs;´ edIm,IkMu[Bukmat;manBN’exμA TaMgenHRtÚveRbI
eBlticCagknøHem:ag.
em:agR)aMbYnnigsamsibnaTI³ ´Bak;Gav ¬KμaneLvmux¦ sRmab;eTAbnÞb;Twk edaymankan;sab‘UdMu
kñúgéd nigkan;kenßar degáóbsk; exaRTnab; bMBg;mUltUc²sRmab;mUrsk; nigsMLImYysMNMukñúgédmçag
eTot. ´Rbjab;ecjy:agrh½sBIbnÞb;Twk. GñkRtÚvevncUlbnÞb;TwkbnÞab;BI´ EtgEtehA´mkvij
ral;elIkedIm,Ism¥atsk;rYjs¥atqμar²EdlFøak;BIk,al´ cUlkñúgGaglubmuxlagéd.
em:agdb;³ CaeBlRtÚvbiTePøIg nigniyayBaküraRtIsYsþI. enAkñúgpÞH sMeLgguWtg:ténERK
CaeRcIn nigsMeLgsegáóténEdker:sS½rEdlcas; lan;B¤eBjry³eBldb;R)aMnaTI bnÞab;mk PaB
s¶b;s¶at;)anekIteLIg ebIsinBYkGñkenACan;elImineQøaHKñaeT.
em:agdb;mYynigsamsibnaTI³ TVarbnÞb;Twk)anbnøWsMeLgguWtg:t². kaMrsμIqμarmYy)anCHcUl
mkkñúgbnÞb;. Es,keCIgEdllan;sUrRkwb² Gavm:g;tUFMmYyEdlFMCagbursEdlBak;vaeTAeTot>>>
DusEsl )anRtLb;BIkarbMeBjkargareBlyb;rbs;Kat;kñúgkariyal½yrbs;elak XuKø½r. ´B¤
sUrKat;edIrGUseCIgeTAmkGs;db;naTIeBj sMeLgQøIRkdas ¬ecjBIeRKÓgbriePaKEdlKat;lak;
kñúgTUrbs;Kat;¦ nigERKmYyEdlKat;kMBugerobcM. bnÞab;mkRsemalragerAenaHk¾)at;eTACafμI
ehIysMeLgEtmYyKt;EdleKB¤sUryUr²mþg KWsMeLgKYr[mnÞilmYyEdlecjmkBIbnÞb;Twk.
RbmaNem:agbI³ ´RtÚveRkakBIdMeNkedIm,IeRbIkenßarenAeRkamERKEdlmandak;RTnab;C½r
BIeRkam karBarERkgkenßarelcRCabCayfaehtu. ÉtgEtGt;degðImenAeBlĆuHenam eRBaHva
hUrq²dUcCasMeLgTwkeRCaHFøak;BIelIPñM. kenßark¾RtÚvykeTAdak;kEnøgedImvij ehIyRsemal
ragerAmYyEdlBak;GavEvgsRmab;eKgBN’s ¬EdleFVI[ m:ahÁút Pøat;mat;erogral;yb;fa GU+¡ «
»
GavraRtIenHemþck¾GaRkk;emIlemø:H¡ ¦ k¾eLIgERKedkvijeTA. R)akdCamanGñkNamñak;minedk
ehIysþab;sMeLgepSg²kñúgeBlraRtI ry³eBldb;R)aMnaTI. mundMbUgsþab;ERkgmanecarenACan;
eRkam bnÞab;mksþab;sMeLgepSg²Edllan;ecjmkBIERKdak;Ek,rKñaCaeRcInenACan;elInigkñúg
bnÞb;rbs;´ KWsMeLgEdleKGacsnñidæanCaTUeTAfa Gñkkan;kab;ERKepSg²KñaenAkñúgpÞH eKglk;b¤
RKan;EteKglk;rlIv². krNIcugeRkayenH KμanGVIEdleFVI[rIkrayesaH CaBiesseBlEdlva
Tak;TgnwgsmaCikmñak;énmnusSTaMgGs;Edlrs;enAkñúgpÞHEtmYytYy:agelakevC¢bNÐit DusEsl
CaedIm. dMbUg´B¤sMeLgy:agRsalmYyeRbób)annwgsMeLgRtImYyEdlkMBugRt)ak;xül; ehIy
sMeLgenHlan;BB¤ RI )aMbnY eTAdb;dgeTot. bnÞab;mk eKepSImbbUrmat;edaypÞat;GNþattic² sMeLg
enH RtÚvbnþedaysMeLgKb; ERb nigerobcMexñIyeLIgvij. bnÞab;BImanPaBs¶b;s¶at;QwgEtmþg
ry³eBlR)aMnaTI RBwtþikarN_dEdl²)anekIteLIgvijy:agehacbIdgeTot bnÞab;BIenaHelakevC¢
bNÐitRbEhlCaeKglk;rlIv²mYyRsbk;.
eBlxøH sñÚrkaMePøIg)anpÞúHeLIgenAeBlyb; cenøaHBIem:agmYyeTAem:agbYneTobPøW. ´minEdl
dwgxønÜ TaMgRsugTal;EtesaH muneBlEdlvaekIteLIg b:Eu nþ´)anPJak;RkjageLIgedayQrEk,rERK.
CYnkal´lg;lk;eTAkñgú karyl;sbþy i a: geRCA rhUtTal;EtńwkKitBIkri y
i as½BmÞ ni eTotTat; )araMg b¤
CemøaHmYyenACan;elI. enAeBlEdlkaryl;sbþicb; eTIb´dwgxøÜnfaeK)aj;Kña ehIydwgfa ´sßit
enAedayes¶óms¶at;kñúgbnÞb;rbs;´. b:uEnþCajwkjybMput erOgr:avepSg²)anknøgputeTAdUcEdl
´)anniyayBIxagelIrYcehIyG‘Ícwg. bnÞab;mk ´qk;ykexñIymYy nigkEnSgédmYy Bak;GavenA
pÞH ¬KμaneLvbiT¦ nigEs,keCIg ehIysÞúHeTAkñúgbnÞb;rbs;):a dUcEdl m:ahÁút )ansresrenAkñúg
kMNaBüeBlbuNüxYbkMeNItrbs;ý:agBitR)akd³
enAeBlsñÚrRKab;kaMePøIglan;B¤naeBlraRtId¾ggwt
TVarebIkedaybnøWsMeLgguWtg:t²
RsemalmnusSesøókBak;s kUnkEnSgéd exñIy k¾cUlmk>>>
RKaEdl´)aneTAdl;ERKFM karP½yxøacy:agxøaMgrbs;´)anrlay)at;Gs; elIkElgEtenA
eBlkar)aj;KñamansPaBxøaMgkøabMput.
em:agR)aMmYynigEssibR)aMnaTI³ ruWg²²>>>naLikaeraT× EdlGacdMeLIgsMeLgRKb;em:agkñúg
mYyéf¶ eTaHCaGñkcg;[vaeraT× b¤mincg;k¾eday. sMeLgmantaMgBIsUrRkak²²>>>rhUtdl;sMeLg
TIgTwg²²>>>elakRsI v:an; daGan )anbiTnaLikaeraT×enaH. ®sÁIk>>>elak v:an; daGan eRkakBI
edkerobcMdaMTwkekþA ehIyRbECgeTAbnÞb;Twk.
120 Gan;E®hVg
em:agR)aMBrI nigdb;R)aMnaTI³ TVar)anbnøs

W rU gutW g:tCafμ.I DusEsl GaceTAbnÞbT; kw )anehIy. TI
bMput énAEtÉg ehIy´k¾)anrUtr)aMgéf¶eLIg>>>ehIyéf¶fμImYy)ancab;epþImenAGKarbEnßm.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶RBhs,t× TI5 ExsIha qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
éf¶enH eyIgnaMKñacUleTAkñúgkariyal½yepSg²edIm,IsRmakmYyRsbk;.
eBlenHem:agdb;BIrnigsamsibnaTI³ mnusSkñúgpÞHTaMgmUlnaMKñasRmak. elak v:an; m:aern Ca
bursEdlmanGtItkalKYr[sgS½y nig elak dW kuk )anvileTApÞHvijedIm,IjúaMGahareBléf¶.
enACan;elI GñkGacB¤sMeLgRTWt²rbs;m:asuInbUmFUlI EdlGUskat;BIelIRBMd¾l¥ nigEtmYy
Kt;rbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan. m:ahÁút )anykesovePABIrbIk,alkan;kñúgéd ehIyedIreTAfñak;eron
« »
rbs;Kat; sRmab;ekμg²EdleronminTan;eK BIeRBaHKWRbkarenHÉg EdleFVI[elak DusEsl
KitenaH. BIm GgÁúyenARtg;kac;RCúgmYyCamYynwgesovePAEdlminXøatq¶ayBIKat; KWesovePA
rbs;GñkniBn§ Dikxins_ edIm,IEsVgrkPaBs¶b;s¶at;Etmñak;Égbnþic. m:ak;Rbjab;Rbjal;eLIgeTA
Can;elIedIm,ICYy®sþIempÞHEdlbuinRbsb;enaH ehIy´)aneTAkan;bnÞb;TwkedIm,Ilagsm¥at[s¥at
l¥dUcedImeLIgvij rYmTaMgrUb´pÞal;pg.
em:agdb;BIrnigEssibR)aMnaTI³ GKarbEnßmmanmnusScUlmkbMeBjbnþicmþg²³ dMbUg elak
hÁIs bnÞab;mkelak ekøm:g; elak XuKø½r Edl ebb mktameRkay ehIyCYnkal emob Edl
ecjcUlrh½sdUcxül;.
em:agmYy³ mnusSRKb;Kña)ansþab;edayeTogTat;nUvkarpSayrbs;viTüúb‘Íb‘ÍsuI. BYkeK)an
RbmUlpþMúKñaCMuvijviTüú ehIyKWCaeBlEtmYyKt;EdlbNþasmaCikRKÜsarenAGKarbEnßmminniyay
kat;Kña k¾eRBaHEtelak v:an; daGan minGacRbEkkCamYyGñkniyayenaH.
em:agmYynigdb;R)aMnaTI³ karEbgEckGahar. BYkGñkenACan;eRkammñak;²mansiT§iTTYl)ans‘ub
mYycan nigbEg¥mmYycMENk ebIsinCavamankñúgeBlNamYy. elak hÁIs GgÁúyedaysb,ay
rIkrayelIekAGITeRmtmYy b¤ Ep¥knwgtukariyal½y edaymansarBt’manpg EBgkaehVpg ehIy
jwkjyCageKKWqμaenAEk,rKat;Canic©. RbsinebI)at;rbs;mYykñúgcMeNamrbs;TaMgbIenH Kat;nwg
minePøctv:aCMTas;eLIy. elak ekøm:g; )anniyayR)ab;BIBt’manfμI²bMputenATIRkúg ehIyKat;KWCa
RbPBpþl;Bt’mand¾RbesIrmñak;. elak XuKø½r )aneLIgCeNþIreTAelIy:agrh½s EtmYyEPøteTAdl;

TVarPøam ehIyKat;edIrcUlmkkñúgedayRtdusédeBareBjedayGarmμN_l¥ nig rYsrayxøaMg b¤
RsBab;RseBan niges¶óms¶at;minniyayeTAtambriyakaséneBlevla.
em:agmYynigEssibR)aMnaTI³ BYkGñkbriePaKeRkakBItu ehIymñak;²RtLb;eTAkEnøgeFVIkargar
rbs;xøÜnvij. m:ahÁút nigm:ak;eTAlagcanqñaMg elaknigelakRsI v:an; daGan tRmg;eTArkekAGI
TeRmt pitF½r eTAelIsáak ):aGgÁúyelIekAGITeRmtrbs;Kat;dUc DusEsl Edr ehIy Gan; eTAeFVI
kic©karsalarbs;xøÜn.
GVIEdlmanbnÞab;mkeTot KWeBlevlaEdls¶b;s¶at;bMputRbcaMéf¶ kalebImnusSTaMgGs;
eKglk; KμanGñkNamñak;RtÚvrMxaneT. tamry³Twkmuxrbs;Kat; eyIgGacyl;)anfa DusEsl
kMBugEtsubinmanmðÚbGaharl¥². b:uEnþ ´minenAemIlKat;yUreT BIeRBaHeBlevlaknøgeTAy:ag
elOn ehIymuneBlÉgdwgenaH vamuxCaem:agbYnl¶aceTAehIy ehIyGñkbuinriHKn;eKKWevC¢bNÐit
DusEsl kMBugQrcaMCaeRsc BIeRBaHéRkakecjBItuyWtmYynaTI.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶esAr_ TI7 ExsIha qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
kalBIBIrbIs)aþh_knøgeTA ´)ancab;epþImsresrerOgmYyEdl´)antak;EtgtaMgBIedImdMbUg
rhUtdl;cugbBa©b;. ´mancitþrIkraynwgvaxøaMgNas;Edl´sresr)any:ageRcInsnøwk.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶c½nÞ TI9 ExsIha qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
\LÚveyIgbnþkalviPaKCaTmøab;RbcaMéf¶enAGKarbEnßmsm¶at;vij. edaysareyIgjúaM
)ayéf¶Rtg;rYcehIy dUecñHdl;eBlEdlRtÚvBiBN’naGMBIeBl)ayeBll¶acmþg.
elak v:an; daGan³ CaGñkjúaMmuneK ehIyKat;hUbGaharEdlKat;cUlcitþy:ageRcIn. Ca
erOy² Kat;EtgEtcUlrYmenAkñúgkarsnÞnaedayminEdlxkxankñúgkarpþl;eyabl;eLIy. GUh¡_
Kat;niyayej:v²dUcqμaG‘Ícwg>>>b:uEnþ´mincg;[Kat;niyayG‘ÍcwgeT. enAeBlÉg)aneXIj Égnwg
122 Gan;E®hVg
mincg;eXIjvaCafμIeT. Kat;yl;fa eyabl;Kat;l¥bMput. Kat;dwgBIGIV²RKb;y:agTaMgGs;.

niyay[Rtg;eTAKat;mansmtßPaB b:uEnþKat;bMepøIsvaminecHticeT.
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ ebIKit[eRCAeTA minRtÚvniyayGIVTaMgGs;RbesIrCag. éf¶xøH Ca
BiessenAeBlGarmμNm_ ni l¥clU xønÜ muxrbs;Kat;B)i akemIlEmnETn. ebIsni GñkviPaKkarBiPakSa
Gñknwgdwgfa Kat;minEmnCaRbFanbTRtÚvelIkykmkniyayeT b:uEnþKat;CaBYkmnusSmankMhus.
karBitRKb;Kñamincg;rvl;eT. sUm,IdUecñHkþI GñkGacehAKat;faCamnusSjúHjg;mñak;. \LÚvenHkar
bgáerOgRtÚvelakRsI v:an; daGan cat;TukCakarsb,ay. karkkUrkkayerOgr:avepSg²rvag
elakRsI E®hVg nig Gan; rvag m:ahÁút nigelak E®hVg minEmngayRsYlb:unμaneT.
b:Eu nþ etaHeyIgvilRtLb;mktu)aymþg. elakRsI v:an; daGan RbEhlCaKitfaKat;EtgEt
hUbminTan;Eq¥tCanic© b:uEnþenaHminCabBaðaeT. dMLÚgl¥bMput Gaharq¶aj;bMput s¥Ik¾edayEdlKYr[
cUlcitþbMput KWsuT§EtCa)avcnarbs;elakRsI. GñkdéT²eTotGacmanevnrbs;xøÜn drabNaEt´
TTYl)anl¥bMput. ¬enHCaGIVEdlKat;ecaTRbkan; Gan; E®hVg fa )anKitGBa©gw Emn¦. )avcnaTIBrI
rbs;elakRsIKbW nþCECk. drabNa eKenAEtsþab; Kat;hak;dUcCaminnwkKitfa etIeKcUlcitþ b¤k¾
Gt;eT. elakRsI v:an; daGan R)akdfa s¥Ik¾eday[EtKat;niyaynwgeFIV[eKÉgRKb;Kñacab;
GarmμN_.
karjjwmEdlcg;[eKRslaj; eFIVhak;dUcCaGñkdwgerOgRKb;y:ag pþl;dMbUnμandl;mnusS
RKb;Kña ehIyeFIVCamþayBYkeK enaHR)akdCaeFIV[mankarcab;GarmμN_. b:uEnþ ebIGñkBinitü[EmnETn
GIVEdlKYrcab;GarmμN_enaHnwgrlay)at;y:agqab;rh½s. TImYy Kat;RbwgeFIVkar TIBIr rYsray TIbI
Kat;Tak;Tajcitþ ehIyeBlxøH muxmanmnþesñh._ enaHehIy KWelakRsI epRtÚeNLa v:an; daGan.
GñkcUlrYm)ayTIbI³ niyaytictYcNas;. elak v:an; daGan Edlmanv½yekμgCaerOy²
enAs¶at;es¶óm ehIyesÞrI EteFI[V eKmindwgfa Kat;enATIenHpgeT. niyayBIkarhUbcukrbs;Kat;vji
KWBitCaRkBHykSEdlpÞúkminecHeBj. sUm,IEtKat;hUbeRcInrYcehIykþI k¾Kat;)anGHGageday
PaBnwgFwgmYyfa Kat;GachUb)anBIrdghñwgeTot.
GñkcUlrYm)ayTIbYn KW m:ahÁút³ hUbtictYcdUccab ehIyKμanniyaymYym:at;esaH. Kat;hUb
«
EtbEnø nig EpøeQI. tameyabl;rbs;elak nig elakRsI v:an; daGan fa TeRmIseBk . b:uEnþ»
«
tameyabl;rbs;eyIg m:ahÁút hat;R)aNnigTTYlxül;brisuT§tictYceBk . »
enAEk,rKat;KW m:ak;³ Kat;mancMNg;kñúgkarhUbGaharecHKiteKKitÉg. KμannrNacab;

GarmμN_fa Kat;KWRsþIempÞHmñak;dUcEdleKcab;Garm~N_CamYyelakRsI v:an; daGan eT. etIGñkTaMg

BIrxusKñaGIVxøH? elakRsI v:an; daGan CaGñkeFIVmðÚb ehIym:ak;CaGñkerobcMcanqñaMg nig dusxat;
eRKÓgsgðarim.
GñkTIR)aMmYynigTIR)aMBIr³ ´minniyayeRcIneTGMBI):anig´. ):aKWCamnusSdak;xøÜnputelxenAtu
)ay. Kat;EtgEtgakemIledIm,Idwgfa etIGñkepSgeTotmanGaharRKb;KñarYcehIyb¤enA. Kat;
Gt;RtÚvkareFIVsRmab;xøÜnÉgeT. erOgl¥bMputsRmab;ekμg². Kat;l¥dUcRBH. enAGKarbEnßm
sm¶at; )anGgÁúyCitKat;KWminsUvRBÜyeT.
DusEsl³ ykGaharjúaMxøHeTA. emIlrkGaharjúaM ehIykMuniyay. ebIGñkcg;niyay
G‘cÍ gw ykl¥ny i ayEtGMBGI ahar)anehIy. eFIGV cÍ‘ gw minnaM[manCemøaHeT RKan;EtnaM[mankarniyay
« »
GYtb:ueNÑaH. Kat;hUbeRcInEmn ehIyKat;minecHniyayBakü eT eLIy minfaGaharenaHq¶aj;b¤
minq¶aj;eT.
exaesøókTajeLIgdl;edImRTÚg GavFMBN’Rkhm Es,keCIgsERgk vayEvrnIBN’exμAnig
Ev:ntaEKmeFIVBIEsñg enaHKWrUbPaBKat; eBlKat;eFIVkarenAelItu)ay. Kat;EtgEteronsURtehIy
mineTAmuxeLIy. sPaBenHElgmanEtenAeBlKat;sRmakéf¶ eBlmanGaharnigcUlbnÞb;Twk
CakEnøgEdlKat;clU citCþ ageKb:eu NÑaH. bIbnY b¤R)aMdgkñgú mYyéf¶ EtgEtmanmnusSQrrg;caMxagmux
TVarbnÞb;TwkCanic© edayedIrcuHeLIgy:agrsab;rsl;edIm,IBüayamTb;enam nig lamk ehIyswgEt
minGacRTaM)an. etI DusEsl xVl;eT? sUm,IEtbnþick¾Kμanpg. cab;BIem:agR)aMBIrnigdb;R)aMnaTI
dl;em:agR)aMBIrnigsamsibnaTI BIem:agdb;BIrnigsamsibnaTI dl;em:agmYy BIem:agBIrdl;em:agBIr
nigdb;R)aMnaTI BIem:agbYndl;em:agbYnnigdb;R)aMnaTI BIem:agR)aMmYy dl;em:agR)aMmYynigdb;R)aMnaTI
BIem:agdb;mYynigsamsibnaTIdl;em:agdb;BIr. TaMgenHKWCaeBlevlay:ageTogTat;EdlKat;enAkñúg
bnÞb;Twk. Kat;mineGIeBInwgsMeLgenAxageRkAEdlGgVr[Kat;ebIkTVareLIy muneBlEdleKRTaMElg
)aneTot.
GñkTIR)aMbYn³ Kat;minEmnCasmaCikkñúgRKÜsarGKarbEnßmrbs;eyIgeT eTaHbICaKat;rs;enA
pÞHrYmCamYyeyIg nigrYmtuCamYyeyIgkþI. ebb manrebobrbbhUbcuky:agl¥edIm,IsuxPaB. Kat;
sm¥atcan ehIyminerIsmðbÚ eT. ebb RsYltRmÚvcitbþ pM tu ehIydUecñHk¾eFI[V BYkeyIgsb,aycit.þ
Kat;Gaccat;Tukfa CamnusSrYsrayGarmμN_l¥ citþl¥ nigmancitþ.
124 Gan;E®hVg

XIFI smøaj;/
KMnitfμImYy³ enAGMLúgeBljúaMGahar ńiyayEtmñak;ÉgeRcInCagniyayrkGñkdéT.
eFIVy:agenHvamanRbeyaCn_BIr. TImYy BYkeKsb,aycitþEdlBYkeKmin)ac;sþab;karCECkCab;
rhUtrbs;´ ehIyTIBIr´minRtÚveFIV[FujRTan;edaysareyabl;rbs;BYkeK. ´minKitfa eyabl;
rbs;´l¶ge; xøAenaHeT b:Eu nþGkñ epSgvij)anKitG‘cÍ gw . dUecñH vaCaerOgl¥ehIyEdl´TukvaenAkñgú cit.þ
´k¾GnuvtþrebobdUcKñaenHEdr enAeBl´RtÚvjúaMGIVmYyEdl´mincUlcitþ. ´dak;canmðÚbBImux´
eFIVhak;dUcCavaq¶aj; ecosvagminykEPñkemIltamEdlGac ehIyGaharenaHk¾Gs;rlIg mun´
maneBldwgfaGaharenaHCaGIV. enAeBléRkakBIeKgeBlRBwk manerOgEdlKYr[FujmþgeTot
« »
éRkakecjBIERK ehIyKitEtmñak;Égfa GñkKYrEtXøMúPYyedkeTot[qab;eLIg . édIreTAbg¥Üc
TajrnaMgexμAeLIgelIdkdegðImenARbeLaHbg¥Üc rhUtdl;´TTYl)anxül;brisuT§. ehIy´k¾sVag
RsLHxønÜ . sÞHú ecjBIERKy:agelOntamEdléFI)V an dUecñHńwgElgcg;mkeLIgedkelIERKeTot.
etIÉgdwgeTfa m:ak;ehAerOgRbePTenHfaem:c? Kat;faCasil,³énkarrs;enA. etIvaminEmnCaBakü
kMEbøgeTb¤?
eyIgTaMgGs;KñaragRcLMbl;bnþicenAs)aþh_knøgmkenH eRBaHCYg evsÞ½rtUern CaTIRslaj;
rbs;eyIgRtÚv)aneKykeTArMlayeFVICasmÖarswk. dUecñHeyIgmindwgeBlem:agc,as;favayb;
b¤k¾éf¶eT. énAEtsgÇwmfa vanwgmanGIVmkCMnYsedayeFIVBIkMb:ug b¤Tg;Edg b¤k¾GIVmYydUcKñaenH
edIm,ITukeFIVCYgsRmab;R)ab;em:agdl;GñkCitxag. RKb;kEnøgEdléTA eTaHcuHeRkam b¤ eLIgelI
BYkeKEtgEtecalRkEsEPñkesI¶csresIrcMeBaHeCIg´ Edllm¥edayEs,keCIgd¾s¥atBiess
mYyKU ¬kñgú eBlkMBgu lak;xnÜø EbbenH¦. emob )anTijEs,keCIgenHkñgú témø27/50hÁlI dW. vaCa
Es,keCIgEs,kBN’Rkhmcas; EdlmanEkgx<s;lμm. ´manGarmμN_hak;dUcCaxøÜnÉgenAelI
begÁalBIr ehIyvaeFIV[Édlmankm<s;x<s;Rsab;ehIyenaHkan;Etx<s;EfmeTot.
mSilmijKWCaéf¶s‘yrbs;´. ´)anmutemédxagsþaMnwgcugm¢úlRsYcFMmYy. dUecñH m:ahÁút
RtÚvbkdMLÚg[´ ¬QWEt)anRsNuk¦ ehIy´sresrGkSrk¾ragqÁg². bnÞab;mk´k¾buknwgTVarTU
y:agxøaMgswgEtdYl ehIyk¾RtÚveCrbenÞasedaysarEt)anbgásMeLgbukTVard¾rMxanenH. eKmin[
ébIkr:Ub‘ÍeNedIm,IykTwkmkCUtf¶asrbs;éT. em:øaHehIy ´k¾RtÚvedIrcuHedIreLIgedaymandMuBkFM
mYyenAelIf¶asxagsþaM. manerOgF¶n;F¶rCagenHeTAeTot. kUneCIgxagsþaMrbs;´)anCab;nwgm:asIun
bUmFUlI bNþal[ecjQamnigQW b:uEnþrbYsdéTeTotrbs;´)anbgábBaðaeRcInNas;eTAehIy

rhUtdl;Élgcab;GarmμN_nwgrbYsenH. b:uEnþqáÜtEmn rbYsRmameCIgkøayCadMe)A. dak;fñaM nig
rMurbYsehIy ´minGacBak;Es,keCIgfμIeT.
DusEsl )anbgáeRKaHfñak;mk[eyIgCaeRcInelIkNas;. Kat;)an[ emob ykmk[Kat;
nUvesovePAmYyk,alEdlniyayBIkarriHKn;RbqaMgmUsUlInI. esovePAenH RtÚv)aneKhamXat;.
enAtampøÚvmkTIenH Kat;RtÚvm:UtUb:UlisGavuFhtßGaløWm:g;mYyeRKÓgbukdYlRcgab;Rcgil. Kat;P½y
« »
eLIgsøn;esøa ehIyERskfa GastVsahav¡ ehIyKat;k¾bnþdMeNIreTAeTot. ´minh‘anKitfaGIV
nwgekIteLIgeT ebIsinCaKat;RtÚv)aneKnaMmkkan;TIsñak;karenaH.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
kargarRbcaMéf¶enAshKmn_tUcmYyrbs;eyIg³ citsMbkdMLÚg¡
mñak;eTAykkaEstmkRTab;. mñak;eToteTAykkaMbit ¬BitehIyTukkaMbitNaEdlmutbMput

sRmab;xøÜnÉg¦ GñkTIbIeTAykdMLÚg ehIyGñkTIbYneTAykTwk.
elak DusEsl cab;epþIm. Kat;RbEhlCacitsMbkdMLÚgmin)anl¥Canic©eT b:uEnþKat;eFIVmin
Qb;eLIy ehIyecalEPñkemIleqVgemIlsþaMedIm,Idwgfa etIeKRKb;KñakMBugEteFVIdUcKat;Edr b¤Gt;.
BYkeKmin)ancitdUcKat;eT.
«Gan; emIlEn+¡ ´kan;kaMbitdUecñH ehIycitBIelIcuHeRkam¡ Gða¡ minG‘ÍcwgeT>>>eKeFIVG‘IecH
»
vij .
«
´)anniyayeTArkKat;TaMgminR)akdkñgú citþ ´KitfaeFIrV ebob´RsYlCag/ elak DusEsl . »
«b:uEnþ Gan; enHKWCarebobl¥bMput. ÉgGaceFIVtam´. BitehIyvaminCaGIVeT ebIÉgcg;eFIV

tamrebobrbs;ÉgenaH . »
eyIgbnþcitsMbkdMLÚg. ´lYcedogEPñkemIleTA DusEsl. edaysBa¢wgKit DusEsl

RKvIk,al ¬BitcMeBaH´¦ b:uEnþmin)anniyayGIeToteT.
écHEtbnþcitsMbkdMLÚgeTot. eRkaymk émIleTAelak):aEdlenAmçag´. cMeBaH):a
karcitsMbkdMLÚgminEmnCakargarKYr[FujRTan;eT b:uEnþKWCaCMnajrbs;Kat;. enAeBlKat;
GanesovePA Kat;dUcCaFujRTan;bnþic. b:uEnþenAeBlKat;citdMLÚg sENþknigbEnø Kat;hak;dUcCa
dak;GarmμN_TaMgRsugeTAelIkargarenH. enAeBlKat;Ck;édehIy Kat;citsMbkdMLÚg)any:agl¥
126 Gan;E®hVg
\tex©aH.
´bnþeFIVkargar. égIyemIlelImYyEPøt b:uEnþenaHCaeBlevlaRKb;eBlEdl´RtÚvkar.
elakRsI v:an; daGan kMBugBüayamTak;TajkarykcitþTukdak;rbs;elak DusEsl. Kat;)an
cab;epþImRkeLkemIledaylak;elomeTATisEdlelak DusEsl GgÁúy b:uEnþ elak DusEsl
eFIVCamincab;GarmμN_. elakRsImicEPñkdak;Kat; b:uEnþ DusEsl bnþcitsMbkdMLÚgeFVIRBegIy.
elakRsIesIc b:uEnþelak DusEsl enAEtmingakEPñkemIl. m:ak;k¾esIcEdr b:uEnþ elak
DusEsl minykcitþTukdak;nwgBYkKat;eLIy. enAeBlminGacseRmcbMNg)an elakRsI v:an;
daGan k¾pøas;bþÚresñót. mankars¶b;s¶at;mYyry³xøI. eRkaymk elakRsI niyayfa PutFI «
ehtuGIVk¾minBak;GaveGomsRmab;citdMLÚg? Es¥k´muxCanwgcMNayeBleBjmYyéf¶duslagsñam
RbLak;elIsemøókbMBak;rbs;elakehIy . »
« ´mineFIV[RbLak;eT .»
«
briyakass¶b;s¶at;mYyry³xøIeTot. PutFI ehtuGIVk¾minGgÁúycuHmk . »
« énArebobenHl¥Cag. ćUlcitþQr¡ »
s¶at;¡
« PutFI Rby½tñpg. \LÚvGñkeFIV[TwkxÞatehIy . »
« »
´dwgehIy. b:uEnþńwgRby½tñ .
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan Rbjab;niyayeTARbFanbTepSg. PutFI R)ab;éTAemIl ehtuGIV
BYkGg;eKøsminebIkkarvayqμk;Tmøak;RKab;enAéf¶enH .»
« eRBaHGakasFatuminl¥ ExlI¡ »
« b:uEnþmSilmij GakasFatul¥Nas; ehIyBYkeKk¾min)anehaHehIrEdr . »
« sUmQb;niyayBIerOghñwgeTA .»
« ehtuGVI mnusSmñak;minGacniyayGMBIerOgenaH b¤ k¾pþl;eyabl;rbs;xøÜneTb¤? »
« »
eT¡
« »
ehtuGVIk¾min)an?
« »
GðÚ+ s¶at;eTA ExlI¡
« elak E®hVg EtgeqøIynwgRbBn§Kat;Canic© . »
elak v:an; daGan kMBugBüayamTb;xøÜnKat;. BaküsmþIenHEtgEteFVI[Kat;xwg b:uEnþelakRsI

v:an; daGan minEmnCamnusSmñak;EdlRBmQb;ny « »

i ayeT³ Gð¡+Ú c,as;CaK~ankarTmøak;RKab;EbkeT¡ .
elak v:an; daGan xwgkan;EtxøaMg ehIyenAeBlelakRsI v:an; daGan smÁal;eXIj elakRsIk¾dUc
CaxøacbnþicEdr b:uEnþvaminGacraraMgmin[elakRsIniyaybnþeT.
« BYkGg;eKøsKμan)ankarGIeT¡»
«
RKab;EbkpÞúH biTmat;eTA KYr[FujRTan;Emn¡ »
m:ak;esÞIrEtminGacTb;sMeNIc)an ehIy´smøwgemIlRtg;eTAmux.
qakEbbenH ekItehIyekIteTotswgEtral;éf¶ elIkElgEteQøaHKñaehIyb:un~anéf¶mun.
enAkñúgkrNIenH TaMgelaknigelakRsI v:an; daGan minniyaymYym:at;esaH.
vadl;eBléTAykdMLÚgmkEfmeTotehIy. éLIgeTAbnÞb;elICab;dMbUlEdl pitF½r kMBug
Etrvl;cab;éc[qμa. Kat;egIbemIlmk´. stVqμak¾eXIjG‘Ícwg ehIyvart;ecjeTA)at;. eTAtam
bg¥ÜcedaycUltambMBg;T TwkePøóg. pitF½r ERskeCr. ésIc ehIyk¾rt;ecjBIbnÞb;.
esrIPaBenAGKarbEnßm
em:agR)aMnigsamsibnaTI³ karmkdl;rbs; ebb CasBaØaénkarcab;epþImesrIPaBeBlyb;

rbs;eyIg. erOgr:avcab;epþImkeRkIkeLIg. éLIgeTACan;elICamYy ebb EdlCaerOy²nag)an
júaMcMENkmYyénbEg¥meBlyb;rbs;eyIgrYcCaeRsc. rMeBcEdlKat;GgÁúycuH elakRsI v:an;
daGan cab;epþImerobrab;BIbMNgR)afñarbs;Kat;Pøam. bBa¢Irbs;Kat;CaTUeTAcab;epþImeday GðÚ «
»
niyayG‘cÍ gw ebb rbs;epSg²eTotEdlćg;)an>>> ebb micEPñkdak;´. elakRsI v:an; daGan
min[xk»kaseLIyedIm,I[nrNak¾edayEdleLIgmkCan;xagelI dwgGMBIbMNgR)afñarbs;Kat;.
enHc,as;CaehtuplmYyEdlKμannrNamñak;cg;eLIgeTAxagelIenaH.
em:agR)aMnigEssibR)aMnaTI³ ebb cakecjeTA. ćuHmkeRkamBIrCan;edIm,IedIremIlcuHeLIg³
dMbUgcUlbnÞb;)ay bnÞab;mkeTAkan;kariyal½ypÞal;xøÜn ehIyeRkaymkeTAkan;kEnøgdak;FüÚgedIm,I
ebIkGgÁb;cab;kNþúr[ mUsQI.
bnÞab;BeI dIremIlmYysnÞHú FM ´k¾mkdl;bnÞbk; ariyal½yrbs;elak XuKr½ø . elak v:an; daGan
kMBugEtEqkemIlRKb;fttuedIm,IrksMbuRtsRmab;epJIeTAéf¶enH. pitF½r eTArkesasRmab;cak;TVar
XøaMg. BIm elIkm:asuInvayGgÁúylIelxeLIgeTACan;xagelI. m:ahÁút smøwgrkkEnøgs¶at;edIm,IeFVI
128 Gan;E®hVg
kargarkariyal½yrbs;Kat;. elakRsI v:an; daGan elIkkMesovTwkdak;elIc®gáan. m:ak;kan;xÞH

dMLÚgcuHCeNþIrmkeRkam. eyIgTaMgGs;KñasuT§Etdwgkargarrbs;eyIgEdlRtÚveFVI.
PøamenaH pitF½r )anvilRtLb;mkBIXaø gM vij. sMNrY TImyY EdleKsYrKat;enaHKWfa etIKat;caM
)aneTBIerOgnMb½ug. eT Kat;ePøceTAehIy. Kat;lUnenABImuxTVareTAkan;bnÞb;kariyal½yEdlenAxag
muxedIm,IbRgÜmxøÜn[tUctamEdlGaceFVI)an ehIyk¾vareTAkan;TUEdkyknMb½ugecjmk ehIycab;
epþImcakecjeTA. Kat;ecjeTAtamel,ÓnEdlKat;cg; b:uEnþmuneBlKat;dwgfamanGVIekIteLIgenaH
mUsQI )anelatrMlgKat;ehIyeTAGgÁúyenABIeRkamtu.
pitF½r gakemIlCMuvijxøÜn. Gaha+ enaHqμa¡ Kat;varcUlbnÞb;vij ehIyTajknÞúyqμa.
mUsQI ERskEm:v pitF½r dkdegðImFM. etIKat;seRmc)anGVI? mUsQI \LÚvkMBugEtGgÁúyCitbg¥Üc
liT§xøÜnvahak;dUcCasb,ayNas; Edl)anrYcputBIkaredjcab;rbs; pitF½r. pitF½r KμanCeRmIs
GVIeRkABIyknMb½ugmkbeBaäatvaeLIy. mUsQI k¾caj;e)akKat;e)altammkeRkA ehIyTVark¾biT
RKwb.
´tamdanemIlehtukarN_TaMgmUltamRbeLaHbg¥Üc.
elak v:an; daGan kMBugmankMhwg Kat;TajTVarbiTlan;paMg. m:ahÁút nig émIlmuxKñaeTAvij
eTAmk ehIyKitdUcKña³ Kat;c,as;CaeFVIkarxøaMgeBk rhUtdl;mankMhwgCab;xøÜnCafμImþgeTot
edaysarEtkMhusxøHrbs;elak XuKø½r ehIyKat;)anePøcGs;GMBIRkúmh‘un ekk EdlenAEk,r
xag. mansñÚreCIgmnusSepSgenApøÚvcUlbnÞb;. DusEsl cUlmk ehIyedIrsMedAeTAkan;bg¥Üc
Rbkbedayb£kBaRtwmRtÚv RsUbxül;>>>k¥k kNþas; nig RKEhm. Kat;s‘y vaKWeRmc. vaMgnn
ebIkcMh. mann½yfa Kat;minGaceTAykRkdassresrrbs;Kat;eT. Kat;k¾ecjeTA)at;TaMgTwk
muxRkjÚv.
«
m:ahÁút nig ´ emIlmuxKñamþgeTot. ´B¤Kat;niyayfa ticCagmYyTMB½rsRmab;rbs;Kat; . »
´gk;k,alyl;Rsb.
manB¤sñÚreCIgF¶n;dUcdMrIBIkaMCeNþIr. enaHKW DusEsl EdlEsVgrkkEnøgRsYlxøÜn enATIkEnøg
EdlKat;cUlcitþCageK.
eyIgbnþeFVIkar. tuk tuk tuk>>>eKaHbIdgmann½yfaem:ag)ayl¶ac.
éf¶c½nÞ TI23 ExsIha qñaM1943
enAeBlnaLikae):alvayem:agR)aMbIknøHKt;>>>
«
m:ahÁút nig m:ak; RBÜy)armÖkñúgcitþ. s‘Ut ):a. sUms¶at; GUtU. s‘Ut>>>BIm¡ em:agR)aMbI
»
nigsamsibnaTIehIy. mkenH GñkminGacebIkTwkeToteT. edIrfñm²¡ . enHKWKMrUcMeBaHGVIEdl
RtÚvniyayeTAkan;):aenAkñúgbnÞb;Twk. enAeBlRTnicnaLikacg¥úlem:agR)aMbIknøH Kat;RtÚvenAkñúg
bnÞb;TTYlePJóv. hamebIkTwk hamCHTwkbgÁn; hamedIr hammin[mansMeLgGVITaMgGs;. drabNa
buKÁlikkariyal½yminTan;mkdl; sMeLgkan;EtgayB¤eTAdl;XøaMg.
TVarebIkenACan;xagelI enAem:agR)aMbInigémÖnaTI ehIyeRkaymkmansMeLgRsal²bIdgenA
elI\dæ>>>GaharekþArbs; Gan;. ´k¾eLIgCeNþIreTAykGaharEqá´.
enAeBlRtLb;mkeRkamvij GVI²RtÚv)aneFVIrYcy:agrh½s³ ´sitsk; ykkenßarTwkenam
ecj rujERKRtLb;cUlkEnøgva. s¶at;¡ RTnicnaLikakMBugcg¥úlcMem:agR)aMbInigsamsibnaTI
ehIy¡ elakRsI v:an; daGan dUrEs,keCIg ehIyedIrGUseCIgkat;tambnÞb;edayBak;Es,keCIg
sRmab;Bak;kñúgbnÞb; elak v:an; daGan EdlmanragdUc qalIEqPøIn ¬sak;LÚ¦ ebHbiT k¾G‘ÍcwgEdr.
\LÚvenH qakRKÜsard¾l¥mYy)anQandl;cMNucl¥\tex©aHrbs;va. ćg;GanesovePA b¤ k¾
eronsURt ehIym:ahÁútk¾cg;Edr. m:ak;nig):ak¾dUcKña. ):akMBugGgÁúy ¬BitehIyCamYyesovePAerOg
rbs;GñkniBn§ Dikxins_ nigvcnanuRkm¦ enAEKmERKEdlKμansUm,IEtBUk[)ansmrmü. exñIy»bBIr
«
KrelIKña. Kat;Kitfa ´minRtÚvkarrbs;TaMgenHeT. ´Gt;vak¾minGIEdr . »
enAeBlKat;cab;epþImGan Kat;minegIyemIlGVIeT. \LÚvenHKat;esIc ehIyeRkaymk

Büayam[m:ak;GanvKÁmYy.
«
´Gt;eBleTenAeBlenH¡ »
Kat;hak;dUcCaxkcitþ b:uEnþk¾bnþGaneTot. bnþiceRkaymk enAeBlKat;Gandl;vKÁl¥mYy

«
eTot Kat;k¾BüayammþgeTot GñkRtÚvEtGanvKÁenH m:ak;va¡ . »
m:ak;GgÁy
ú enAelIERKbt; Gan edr cak;GeM )aH b¤ke¾ ronBIGkIV e¾ dayEdlenAbnÞab;kgúñ bBa¢rI bs;
«
Kat;. Kat;nwkeXIjKMnitmYy ehIyk¾niyayPøamedIm,IkMu[ePøc Gan; caM>>>m:ahÁút kt;cMNucenH
»
Tuk>>> .
130 Gan;E®hVg
bnþiceRkaymk PaBs¶b;s¶at;)anekItmanmþgeTot. m:ahÁút biTesovePA. ):a RCÜjf¶as

nigcieBa©Im naM[elcsñamekagKYr[cg;esIc ehIyKat;k¾gb;nwgesovePACafμI. m:ak;cab;epþImCECk
CamYy m:ahÁtú . ehIy´k¾ykcitTþ ku dak;saþ b;Edr. BIm k¾RtÚvTak;Taj[cUlrYmsnÞna>>>em:agR)aMbnY .
GahareBlRBwk¡
éf¶suRk TI10 ExkBaØa qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
RKb;eBlEdl´sresrR)ab;Ég GVImYyBiess)anekIteLIgeRcInCaBt’manGaRkk;. b:uEnþ
enAeBlenH´mandMNwgl¥mYy.
enAéf¶BuFTI8 ExkBaØa eyIgkMBugsþab;Bt’manem:agR)aMBIrRBwk enAeBleyIg)anB¤Rbkas
«
mYy³ enHKWCadMNwgl¥bMputsþIBIs®gÁam rhUtmkTl;eBlenH RbeTsGuItalI)ancuHcaj;ehIy »
GutI alI)ancuHcaj;eday\tl½kçx½NÐ¡ karpSaysMeLgCaPasahuløg;BIRbeTsGg;eKøs)ancab;epþIm

«
enAem:agR)aMbInigdb;R)aMnaTI edaymanBt’manfa RbiymitþGñksþab;TaMgLay mYyem:agnigdb;R)aM
naTIknøgeTA eBlEdléTIbnwgbBa©b;sresrr)aykarN_RbcaMéf¶ eyIg)anTTYldMNwgGs©arüsþIBI
karcuHcaj;rbs;RbeTsGuItalI. ´sUmR)ab;RbiymitþGñksþab;TaMgGs;fa enHCadMNwgGMBIs®gÁam
» «
EdleFVI[´sb,aycitþbMput¡ ePøgCatiGaemrik KWbT RBHCam©as;CYyEfrkSamhakSRt nigePøg »
« »
CatirusSúIbT GaMgETrNasUNal; RtÚv)ancak;pSaytamviTüú. dUcCanic©kalEdr kmμviFICaPasa
huløg;kMBugEtesI¶csresIredayminmansuTidæiniymxøaMgeBkeT.
kgT½BGg;eKøs)ancUldl;TIRkúg NabøW44. RbeTsGuItalIPaKxageCIgRtÚvkan;kab;eday
GaløWm:g;. kic©RBmeRBógQb;)aj;RtÚv)ancuHhtßelxakalBIéf¶suRkTI3 ExkBaØa Caéf¶Edl
Gg;eKøscUldl;GuItalI. BYkGaløWm:g;)aneCrRbeTc nigERskRbkUkRbkasTaMgkMhwg tamTMB½r
kaEstTaMgGs;GMBIkark,t;rbs; )adUKøIy:Us nig RBHecAGFiraCGuItalI.
k¾b:uEnþeyIg)anTTYldMNwgGaRkk;pgEdrBIerOgelak ekøm:g;. dUcÉgdwgRsab;ehIy eyIg
TaMgGs;KñacUlcitþKat;Nas;. Kat;rYsrayCab;Canic© ehIykøahany:agcEmøkeTaHbIkarBitEdlfa
Kat;EtgmanCMgWnigQWcab; ehIyminGacjúaM)aneRcInb¤k¾edIr)aneRcInk¾eday. m:ak;niyaykalBI
44 RkúgmYyfitkñúgPUmiPaKkNþalEb:kxagt,ÚgénRbeTsGuItalI tamqksmuRTNabøW.
«
eBlfμI²enHfa enAeBlelak ekøm:g; cUldl;bnÞb; RBHGaTitünwgcab;epþImbeBa©jrsμI . Kat; »
niyayRtÚvNas;.
\LÚvKat;RtÚvEtcUlmnÞIreBTüedIm,IeFVIkarvHkat;RkBH ehIyKat;nwgRtÚvsñak;enAkñúgeBTüy:ag
ticNas;k¾bYns)aþh_Edr. ÉgKYrEteXIjmuxKat; enAeBlKat;niyaylaBYkeyIg. Kat;eFVIb£kBa
suPaBxøaMgNas; hak;dUcCaKat;RKan;EtecjeFVIdMeNIrFmμtab:ueNÑaH.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶RBhs,t× TI16 ExkBaØa qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
TMnak;TMngépÞkñúgenAGKarbEnßm cab;epþImkan;EtGaRkk;eTARKb;eBlevla. eyIgmin
h‘anehIbmat;niyayenAeBl)ayeT ¬elIkElgEteBlelbGaharcUl¦ eRBaHfa eTaHeyIg
niyayGVIkþI nwgmanmnusSRtÚvxwg b¤yl;epSgtampøÚvxuseTAvij. elak v:UsÁÚ mkelgBYkeyIg
mþgmáal. sMNagGaRkk;Emn Kat;mineFVIl¥eT. Kat;minCYysRmÜlbBaðaepSg²sRmab;RKÜsar
rbs;Kat;eT. Gtþcritrbs;Kat;hak;dUcCafa³ éTAxVl;GI y:agNak¾eday´minEmnrs;rhUtÉNa¡
enAeBl´KitfaGñkRKb;KñaenATIenH qab;xwgkRmitNaenaH ´GacRKan;EtRsémKiteTAdl;GVIEdl
RtÚvmanenAkñúgRKÜsar v:UsÁÚ b:ueNÑaH.
´)anjúaMfñaM v:aLWrIy:g;45 Caerogral;éf¶ edIm,ITb;Tl;nwgGarmμN_RBÜy)armÖ nig karBi)akcitþ
b:uEnþvaminGacCYymin[´minBi)akcitþenAéf¶bnÞab;eT. karesIck¥akk¥ayecjBIdYgcitþnwgCYyéRcIn
CagkareRbIfñaM v:aLWrIy:g; db;dMNk;eTAeTot. b:uEnþeyIgswgEtePøceTAehIyfa RtÚvesIcy:ag
em:cenaH. eBlxøH´P½yxøacfa muxńwgRtÚvptedayPaBesakseRgg ehIyfamat;rbs;ńwg
Føak;cuHKaMgCab;rhUt. GñkepSgeFVImin)anl¥CagenHeT. RKb;KñakMBugEteFVI[PaBP½yxøacmankan;
EtxøaMgeLIg².
karBitmYyeTotEdlR)akdCamineFVI[eyIgrIkrayenaHKW elak v:an; m:aern EdlCaburs
eFVIkarenAkñúgXøaMg kMBugEtsgS½ycMeBaHGKarbEnßm. mkdl;RtwmeBlenH mnusSmanxYrk,al
c,as;Cacab;GarmμN_ ehIyfa eBlxøH emob niyayfa xøÜneTAmnÞIrBiesaFn_ ebb eTAbnÞb;Éksar
45 b£seQIEdlmanedImtUc² manpáaBN’páaQUk b¤ BN’s sRmab;eFVICa fñaMb:UvkmøaMg.

132 Gan;E®hVg
ehIyelak ekøm:g; eTAkEnøgpÁt;pÁg; GUbuikta xN³Edlelak XuKø½r Rbkasfa GKarbEnßmminsßit

enAkñúgGKarenHesaHeLIy b:uEnþvaCarbs;GKarEdlenACab;enH.
eyIgminxVl;nwgGVIEdlelak v:an; m:aern )anKitGMBIsßanPaBenHeT elIkElgEtKat;RtÚv
)andwgfaminGacTukcit)þ an ehIymankarcg;dgw cg;Be¤ naHxøagM Nas;. Kat;mni EmnCamnusSmñak;gay
nwgeFVI[Elgq¶l;edayelskMbuikkMb:ukenaHeLIy.
enAéf¶mYyelak XuKø½r manbMNgbegáInkarRby½tñRbEygEfmeTot. emø:aHehIyenAem:ag
db;BIrnigémÖnaTI Kat;)anykGavmkBak; ehIyeTAkan;haglk;fñaMenAkac;RCúgpøÚv. eRkaymkmin
)anR)aMnaTIpg Kat;)anRtLb;mkvij ehIyKat;eLIgCeNþIrlb²dUcecarmkelgBYkeyIg. enA
em:agmYynigdb;R)aMnaTI Kat;cab;epþImcakecjeTAvij b:uEnþ ebb )anCYbKat;enACan;eRkam ehIy
R)ab;[Kat;dwgfa v:an; m:aern kMBugenAkñúgkariyal½y. elak XuKø½r k¾dUrKMnitElgeTA ehIysßit
enACamYyBYkeyIgrhUtdl;em:agmYynigsamsibnaTI. bnÞab;mk Kat;)anedaHEs,keCIgehIyedIr
edayBak;eRsameCIg ¬eTaHbICaKat;rgakþI¦ eTAkan;bnÞb;enACab;dMbUlxagmux ehIycuHCeNþIrmkvij
edaye)aHCMhanfñm² edIm,Iecosvagmin[B¤sMeLgeCIg. Kat;)ancMNayeBldl;eTAdb;R)aMnaTI
edIm,IcuHCeNþIr b:uEnþKat;)aneTAdl;kariyal½yedaysuvtßiPaB.
enAeBlCamYyKñaenaH ebb k¾)anrYcxøÜnBI v:an; m:aern ehIymkCYbelak XuKø½r enAGKar
bEnßm. b:uEnþKat;)ancakecjputeTAehIy ehIyenAeBlenaHKat;kMBugEtcuHCeNþIr. etIGñkedIr
kat;c,as;CanwgKity:agem:ceTA enAeBlBYkeK)aneXIjnaykRKb;RKgBak;Es,keCIgenAxageRkA?
eGð¡ emIlGñkenaHBak;EteRsameCIg¡.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶BuF TI29 ExkBaØa qñaM1943

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
éf¶enHCaéf¶xYbkMeNItrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan. eRkABIb½NÑmðÚbEdlEcktamkRmitmYy
sRmab; RhVmÚ a: hS_ sac; nig nMbgu½ GVTI aMgGs;EdlKat;TTYlBIBkY eyIgKWdNM ab;my
Y RkL. bþrI bs;Kat;
DusEsl nig buKÁlikkariyal½ymin)anpþl;GVI[Kat;eT eRkABIpáanigGahar. eyIgkMBugEtrs;enA
kñúgeBlevlaEbbenHÉg¡
ebb mYem:Abnþci kalBIs)aþhm_ nu eRBaHKat;RtÚveFVdI eM NIrCaeRcIndg. db;dgkñgú mYyéf¶ eyIg
)anesñI[Kat;eTAeRkArkGVImYyedaymþg²TTUcfa Kat;RtÚvEteTAPøamEtmþg b¤k¾RtÚveTAmþgeTot b¤k¾

faKat;eFVIxusTaMgRsug. Kat;mankargarkariyal½yCaRbcaMEdlRtÚveFVI Éelak ekøm:g; QW emob
manCMgWpþasayenAÉpÞH Kat;xøÜnÉgeRKceCIg nigmanbBaðamitþRbúsRBmTaMgman«BukEdlrG‘UrTaMmin
Qb; vac,as;Nas;fa Kat;RTminrYceT. eyIglYgelamKat; ehIyR)ab;Kat;[bdiesFmþgb¤BrI dg
ehIyniyayfa Kat;K~aneBleT eBlenaHkargarTijGIv:an;nwgfycuHedayÉg².
kalBIéf¶esAr_ manekItehtukarN_d¾FMmYyEdlenATIenHminFøab;manBImunmkeT. va)ancab;
epþImedaykarBiPakSaBI v:an; m:aern ehIy)anbBa©b;edaymanCemøaH nig TwkEPñk. DusEsl )an
t¥ÚjR)ab;m:ak;fa Kat;RtÚv)ancat;TukdUcCamnusSKmøg;. KμannrNamñak;rak;Tak;dak;Kat; ehIy
BiessenaH Kat;min)aneFVIGVImYysmnwgeKeFVIdUecñHdak;Kat;eLIy. rYcKat;k¾niyayy:agEp¥mElðm
vij. EtsMNagl¥ enAeBlenH m:ak;minFøak;cUlGnÞak;Kat;eLIy. m:ak;R)ab;Kat;fa eyIgxkcitþ
cMeBaHKat; ehIyfaminEmnEtmþgeTEdlKat;CaRbPBénkarrMxand¾xøaMg. DusEsl )ansnüakeRkIk
emXkeRkIkdI b:uEnþdUcFmμta eyIgmineXIjmanGVIERbRbÜleTrhUtmkdl;eBlenH¡
´GacR)ab;Égfa bBaðaekItmaneLIgCamYyRKÜsar v:an; daGan¡ ):axwgNas; eRBaHBYkeK
e)akR)as;eyIg. BYkeKlak;sac;nigrbs;rbrepSgeTot. GðÚ+¡ etIRKab;EbkRbePTNaeTAnwgpÞúH
eLIgenAeBlenH? sUmkM[u ´Bak;Bn½ e§ nAkñgú CemøaHenH[esaH sUm[´GaccakecjBITeI nH¡ BYkeKnwg
eFVI[eyIgqáÜtminxan¡.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶GaTitü TI17 Extula qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
elak ekømg: ; RtLb;mkvij. sUmGrKuNcMeBaHRBHCam©as;¡ Kat;cab;epþmI niyayy:agrYsray
edIm,Ilk;semøókbMBak;xHø [elak v:an; daGan. karBitEdlminGaceCosrYc KWfaelak v:an; daGan
KμanenAsl;luyeT eRBaHKat;)an)at;luymYyryhÁIldWrbs;Kat;enAkñúgXøaMg. erOgenHenAEt
bgábBaðadl;eyIg. mnusSRKb;Kañ q¶lf; a etIly
u mYyryhÁlI dW mkenAkñgú XøagM enARBwkéf¶cn½ y
Þ a: gdUc
emþc. karsgS½yekItmany:agxøaMgkøa. eTaHy:agNak¾eday luymYyryhÁIldW)anRtÚveKlYc
yk. etInrNaCaecar?
b:uEnþ´kMMBugEtniyayGMBIkarxVHluy. elakRsI v:an; daGan mansemøókbMBak; GavFM
134 Gan;E®hVg
nigEs,keCIgy:ageRcIn EdlKat;manGarmμN_faminGacGt;vamYyNa)aneT. semøókbMBak;Qut

kMebørbs;elak v:an; daGan Bi)aklk; ehIykg;rbs; pitF½r RtÚv)andak;enAelIran b:uEnþRtÚv
ykmkvij eRBaHKμannrNamñak;cg;)anva. b:uEnþerOgminTan;cb;enATIenaHeT. ÉgdwgeT elakRsI
v:an; daGan nwgRtÚvlk;ecalGaveramstVrbs;Kat;. tameyabl;rbs;Kat;KWRkúmh‘unKYrEt
bg;luysRmab;karEfrkSarbs;eyIg b:uEnþerOgenaHKYr[Gs;sMeNIcNas;. BYkeKeTIbEteQøaH
Kñay:agekþAKKukGMBIerOgenH ehIyk¾)anQancUldMNak;kalénkarpSHpSa.
´swgEtnwkKitmindl;cMeBaHkareCrRbmafKña EdlpÞHd¾mankitþiysenH)anqøgkat;enAkñúg
Exknøgmk. ):aedIrcuHeLIgedayKμanniyaysþImYym:at; ehIyenAeBlKat;B¤eQμaHrbs;Kat;
Kat;rkemIledayPJak;ep¥Il hak;dUcCaKat;xøacmanGñkehAKat;[CYyedaHRsaybBaðapuyRsYy
mYyeTot. m:ak;xMeFVIkarxøaMgrhUtdl;muxKat;eLIgRkhm. m:ahÁút t¥ÚjQWk,al. DusEsl edk
minlk;. elakRsI v:an; daGan mYem:A nigxwgeBjmYyéf¶ ehIyéLIgqáÜtvegVgTaMgRsugEtmþg.
R)ab;ÉgtamRtg;eTAcuH eBlxøHéPøcfanrNaEdléQøaHCamYynignrNaEdl´mineQøaH
CamYy.
meFüa)ayEtmYyKt;edIm,IkMu[´Kitdl;vaKWRtÚveronsURt ehIy´)anerony:ageRcInenA
eBlfμI²enH.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶suRk TI29 Extula qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
elak ekøm:g; )anecjeTAeRkAmþgeTot. RkBHrbs;Kat;min[Kat;enAes¶ómeLIy. Kat;
EfmTaMgmindwgfa etIvaQb;hUrQamehIyb¤enApgeT. Kat;)anR)ab;eyIgfa Kat;minRsYlxøÜn
dUecñHKat;nwgRtLb;eTApÞHKat;vij ehIyKat;TMngCaFujfb;y:agBitR)akdCaelIkdMbUg.
elaknigelakRsI v:an; daGan enAmankareQøaHRbEkkKñaxÞrxÞarenAeLIy. ehtuplsamBaØ
eTKWBYkKat;dac;éy:. BYkKat;cg;lk;Gavrga ehIynigsemøókbMBak;Qutrbs;elak v:an; daGan.
b:uEnþBYkKat;minGacrkGñkTij)an. Kat;Taréføx<s;eBk.
kalBIknøgeTAmunenH elak ekøm:g; )anniyayGMBIGñklk;exaGaveramstV. erOgenH
)aneFVI[elak v:an; daGan manKMnitlk;GaveramstVrbs;RbBn§Kat;Edr. GavenaHeFVIBIEs,k
TnSay ehIyvamancMNas;db;R)aMBIrqñaMmkehIy. Kat;)anlk;vakñúgtémø325hÁIldW KWCacMnYn

luyd¾eRcInmYy. Kat;cg;TukluyCab;nwgxøÜnedIm,ITijsemøókbMBak;fμI bnÞab;BIs®gÁam ehIyvaBit
CaBi)ak muneBlelak v:an; daGan GacbBa©úHbBa©ÚlRbBn§Kat;[yl;fa luyenaHeyIgRtÚvkar
CacaM)ac;Nas;edIm,ITUTat;karcMNaykñúgRKÜsar. Égnwkmindl;eTBIkarERskcMTal karKMhk
karT®nÞaMeCIg nigkareCrRbeTcEdlbnþekItmanTaMgenH. vaKYr[P½yxøacNas;. RKÜsarrbs;´
QrGt;degðImenAeRkamCeNþIr edayeRtómcaMbMEbkBYkGñkRbvayRbtb;ecjBIKñakñúgkrNIcaM)ac;.
CemøaHRbEkkLÚLa karyMrMGYy nigPaBxwgmYem:A )anbNþal[manPaBtantwgnigkarGs;kmøaMg
y:agxøaMg rhUtdl;édkyMenAelIERKTaMgyb; ehIyGrKuNRBHGaTieTBEdl´Gacedklk;)anknøH
em:ag.
«
´KμanQWfáat;GVIeT b:uEnþ´júaMGaharmincUl. énAEtB¤sMeLgfa³ ehtuGVI)anCaÉgmanTwk
»
muxGaRkk;emøH: ¡ ´RtÚvEtTTYlsÁal;fa BYkeK)aneFVlI b¥ pM tu nwgédIm,Ik[uM ´QW. BYkeKpþl[; ńUvsár
eFVBI TI BM aMg)ayCUr eRbgefømI stVRtImr½ ruy fñaRM Kab;eFVBI pI Sit dMEb nigkal;süÚm. ÉtgEtminGacTb;
citþmin[mYem:A)aneT CaBiessenAéf¶GaTitü. enaHKWCaeBlEdl´manGarmμN_y:ab;EmnETn. enA
éf¶TaMgenaH briyakasenAkñúgpÞHKWfb;degðIm lak;elI nigBi)akRTaM. enAxageRkA eKKμanB¤sMeLg
stVsøabNamYyERskeLIy ehIyPaBs¶b;s¶at;EdlKYr[Fujfb;mYyenAvilvl;kñúgpÞH nigenA
Cab;CamYyxønÜ ´ hak;dcU CakMBgu EtTaj´[Føak;eTAkñgú nrky:ageRCAbMptu . kñgú eBlEbbenH ):a m:ak;
nig m:ahÁút minsMxan;cMeBaH´bnþicesaHeLIy. édIrRtac;crBIbnÞb;mYyeTAbnÞb;mYy eLIgnigcuH
CeNþIr ehIymanGarmμN_fa xøÜndUcCabkSImYyEdlRtÚveKkat;søab ehIyEdlenAEtvilcuHvileLIg
«
kñúgRTúgggwtmYy. sMeLgmYyenAkñúgxøÜn´)anERskfa edaHElg´[eTAkEnøgNaEdlmanxül;
»
brisuT§ nig karesIcsb,aypg . Élgrvl;eqøIyeTotehIy b:uEnþédIreTAsNþÚkxøÜnenAelIekAGI
EvgmYy. karedkeFVI[manPaBs¶b;s¶at; nigkarP½yxøacknøgputeTAkan;Etqab; eRBaHeyIgminGac
km©at;va)an.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶BuF TI3 Exvicäika qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
edIm,IeFVI[RCHRsLHKMnitBIbBaða nig BRgIkcMeNHdwgxøH ):a)anbBa¢aTijesovePAkataLúk
136 Gan;E®hVg
mYyBIsalaykmk[eronenApÞH. m:ahÁút )anGanesovePAd¾Rkas;enaHbIdg edayKμanrkeXIjGVI

mYyEdlKat;cUlcitþeLIy. ):a)anbgðaj[eXIjPaBrh½srhYnrbs;Kat; Kat;)anseRmccitþ
«
sresrsMbuRteTAsMuemeronsakl,gmYyGMBI PasaLataMgfñak;dMbUg . faPøamKat;eFVIPøam. »
emeron)anmkdl; m:ahÁút cab;epþImeFVIkaredaysb,ayrIkrayy:agxøaMg ehIy)anseRmccitþeron

eTaHCaRtÚvcMNayluyk¾eday. vaBi)akeBkNas;sRmab;´ eTaHbICaćg;eronPasaLataMgkþI.
edIm,Ipþl;[ńUvKeRmagfμImYypgEdrenaH ):a)anesñIsMuKm<IrRKisþsasnasRmab;kumarBIelak
ekøm:g; dUecñH TIbBa©b;´GaceronsURtxøHGMBIKm<Iretsþam:g;46 fμIenH.
«
m:ahÁút )anecaTsYrTaMg)armÖfa etI):amanbMNg[ Gan; nUvKmÁIrsRmab;BiFIbuNü hanukas
Emnb¤?
«
):a)aneqøIyfa EmnehIy>>>RbEhlCasm½y saMg nIkULas KWCaeBlevlaRbesIr
CagenH . »
RBHeys‘Unighanukas BitCamincuHsRmúgKñaeT.
edaysarm:asuInbUmFUlIvaxUc ´RtÚvkan;RcaskBa©as;mYyeTAe)askRmalRBMCaerogral;
yb;. bg¥ÜcbiT ePøIgebIk LkemþAkMBugeqH ehIy´kMBuge)askRmal. dMbUgbMput´KitcMeBaHxøÜnÉg
« »
fa enaHR)akdCabBaða. RtÚvEttv:a . ´KitRtÚvEmn. m:ak; eLIgQWk,aledaysarEtFUlId¾
EsnRkas;enAvilvl;EtkñúgbnÞb;. vcnanuRkmPasaLataMgrbs; m:ahÁút RtÚvRbLak;edayFUlI
ehIy BIm rG‘Ufa kRmalGt;manGVIEbøkesaH. Gt;manelIkTwkcitþ. eyIg)anseRmccitþfa cab;BI
eBlenHeTA LkemþARtÚvdutePøIgBIem:agR)aMBIrnigsamsibnaTIenAral;RBwkéf¶GaTitü edaymindutenA
em:agR)aMnigsamsibnaTIeToteT. ´KitfavaCaeRKaHfñak;mYy. etIGñkCitxagnwgKity:agem:cGMBI
EpSgEdlhuyecjtambMBg;L?
vadUcKñanwgerOgvaMgnnEdr. cab;taMgBIeyIgeTAlak;xøÜndMbUg vaRtÚv)aneKykEdkeKalmk
cucP¢ab;eTAnwgbg¥Ücy:agmaM. CYnkalbursb¤k¾®sþImñak;k¾mancitþcg;eGItemIleTAeRkAEdr. lT§pl
« »
KWkarriHKn;. kareqøIytb³ GU+¡ KμannrNacab;GarmμN_eT . ehtudUecñaH skmμPaBeFVsRbEhs
TaMgGs;k¾cab;epþImnigbBa©b;. KμannrNamñak;cab;GarmμN_ KμannrNamñak;GacB¤ KμannrNamñak;yk
citþTukdak;nwgerOgenHeT. niyayvaRsYlehIy b:uEnþetIvaBiteT?.
46 Km<IrRKisþsasna EdlmanEckCaBIrEpñkFM² KWetsþam:g;cas;EdlRsedogeTAnwgKm<Irrbs;BYkhibRb‘W nigetsþam:g;f~I
niyayGMBIkarRbTanrbs;RBHeys‘U.
enAeBlenH CemøaHdUcBüúHsgÇra)anfycuH manEt DusEsl nigelak RsI v:an; daGan

eTEdlenAeQøaHKña. enAeBl DusEsl kMBugniyayGMBIelakRsI v:an; daGan Kat;EtgEtehA
« » « »
elakRsIfa RbeCovkBa©as; b¤k¾ yayFμbc; mátÜ . ehIybRBa©as;mkvij elakRsI v:an; daGan
« » «
ehAsuPaBbursecHdwgrbs;eyIgfaCa yaykBa©as;GñkbeRmI b¤k¾ RkmMuesAEksrésRbsaT
»
mancitþeqvqav .l.
eDoEtxñÚc¡ ¬dUcEtKña¡¦.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
l¶acéf¶c½nÞ TI8 Exvicäika qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
ebIGñkGansMbuRtrbs;´TaMgGs;dl;cb;Etmþg GñknwgPJak;ep¥IledaysarkarBitEdlfa
vaRtÚv)ansresrenAkñúgGarmμN_epSg²EbøkBIKña. ´RtÚv)aneFVI[FujcMeBaHPaBmYhμgEdl
kMBugRKb;dNþb;enAGKarbEnßm. b:uEnþminEmnEtéTEdlG‘ÍcwgenaH. eyIgTaMgGs;KñasuT§Etman
sßanPaBEbbenHTaMgGs;. ebIsinCa´søúgeTAkñúgesovePA ´RtÚvEterobryGarm~N_eLIgvij
muneBlEdl´bgðajxønÜ enAcMeBaHmuxmnusSdéTeTot eRBaHfaebIBeuM naHeT BYkeKGacKitfa ćEmøk.
dUcÉgFøab;dwgehIy ´kMBugqøgkat;karBi)akcitþmYy. ´BitCaminGacR)ab;ÉgeTfa GVIeTAEdlnaM[
vaG‘Ícwg b:uEnþ´Kitfa vamkBI´kMsakRKb;eBl. enAl¶acenH eBl ebb enATIenHenAeLIy kNþwg)an
eraT×y:agEvgnigy:agB¤. ´k¾cab;epþImesøkmuxPøam ehIyebHdUgelatxøaMgB¤Dwb² eRBaHEt´P½y
eLIgbukeBaH.
enAeBledkelIERKnaeBlyb; ´revIrvayfa xøÜnÉgenAkñúgbnÞb;eRkamdI edayBMuman):a nig
m:ak;enAEk,r. CYnkalédIrcrRcb;enAtampøÚv b¤ k¾GKarbEnßmRtÚvePøIgeqHb¤k¾BYkeKcUlmkTaMg
kNþalyb; edIm,IykeyIgecj ehIy´lak;xøÜneRkamERKy:agGs;sgÇwm. émIleXIjGVIRKb;
y:aghak;dUcCakMBugEtekItmanBit². ehIy´Kitfa erOgTaMgGs;enaHnwgekIteLIgenAeBlqab;²
enH¡
emob Cajwkjab;niyayfa Kat;RcENnnwgBYkeyIg eRBaHeyIgrs;enAeday\t)armÖenA
TIenH. enaHRbEhlCaBit b:uEnþKat;c,as;Camin)anKitGMBIesckþIP½yxøacrbs;eyIgeT.
´minGacnwkKitfa BiPBelaknwgERbeTACaFmμtaeLIgvijsRmab;eyIgeT. ńiyayBI
138 Gan;E®hVg
« »
eRkayeBls®gÁam b:uEnþvahak;dUcCa´kMBugniyayGMBIR)asaTmYyenAelIGakasEdlCarbs;
mYyminGackøayeTACakarBitG‘Ícwg.
éXIjKñaeyIgR)aMbInak;enAGKarbEnßm hak;dUcCaeyIgTaMgGs;KñaCapÞaMgmYyénépÞemX
BN’exovEdlh‘umB½T§edayBBkexμAFM². kEnøgmUltøMúmYyEdleyIgQrBIelIenAEtmansuvtßiPaB
b:uEnþBBkkMBugEtbk;tRmg;mkeyIg ehIyExSenAcenøaHxøÜneyIg nigeRKaHfñak;EdlkMBugxitmkRtÚv
)anTajtwgeLIg². eyIgRtÚveLamB½T§edayPaBexμAggwt nigeRKaHfñak; ehIyenAkñúgkarEsVgrkpøÚv
ecjy:agGs;sgÇwm eyIgEtgEtBitKñaeTAvijeTAmk. eyIgemIlkarRbyuT§KñaenAxageRkam nig
snþiPaB nigPaBRss;s¥atenAxagelI. enAeBldMNalKñaenaH eyIgRtÚvkat;pþac;edaypÞaMgBBk
BN’exμA dUecñaHeyIgminGaceTAelIbc¤ Hu eRkam)aneT b:Eu nþBBkenAQb;ngw fálB; mI xu eyIg dUcCaCBa¢agM
mYyminGacecjrYc ehIyBüayamkemÞceyIg b:Eu nþmni Tan;GaceFV)I an. ´RKan;EtGacERskGgVrfa
«»¡ rgVg; rgVg; sUmebIk[FMedIm,I[eyIgcakecj¡ . »
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
´rkeXIjcMNgeCIgl¥mYysRmab;CMBUkenH³
sUm]TÞiskMNaBüenHcMeBaHsøab):akkarbs;´
søab):akkarbs;´ Canic©kalKWCarbs;mYyEdlmantémøbMput. CaBiess´[témøvax<s;

eRBaHfavamanmuxFM ehIyécHsresrEtCamYysøab):akkamuxFM. søab):akkarbs;´manRbvtþi
Kg;vgSenAkñúgry³eBld¾yUr nigd¾KYr[cab;GarmμN_mYyEdlńwgsegçbR)ab;ÉgdUcxageRkam³
enAeBl´GayuR)aMbYnqñaM søab):akkarbs;´ ¬x©b;enAkñúgRkdaskatug¦ RtÚv)anepJImkeFVICa
):an;mYy EdlKμantémøxagBaNiC¢kmμ BITIRkúg Gaeqn EdlCIdUnrbs;´ ¬Gñkpþl;GMeNayd¾sb,úrs¦
Føab;rs;enA. édkelIERKedaymanCMgRW Kúnpþasay xN³Edlxül;Exkum³Ö bk;v²U enACMvu ji pÞHElVg.
søab):akkad¾Gs©arüenH )anbBa¢Únmkedaydak;enAkñúgRbGb;Es,kBN’Rkhm ehIy´)anbgðajva
dl;mitþRsITaMgGs;rbs;´ taMgEtBIéf¶dMbUgem:øH. ´ Gan; Cam©as;d¾manemaTkPaBrbs;søab
):akkaenH.
enAeBl´Gayudb;qañ M ´RtÚv)anGnuBaØat[yksøab):akkaeTAsalaeron ehIyKYr[PJak;ep¥lI
EdlGñkRKÚEfmTaMgGnuBaØat[´sresrvaeTot. b:uEnþenAeBl´Gayudb;mYyqñaM rtn³sm,tþirbs;´
RtÚvlak;TukmþgeTot eRBaHGñkRKÚfñak;TIR)aMmYyrbs;´ GnuBaØat[eyIgeRbIEtdg):akka nig TwkexμA
salab:ueNÑaH. enAeBl´Gayudb;BIrqñaM ćab;epþImcUleronenAsalaCVIhV ehIysøab):akkarbs;´
RtÚv)anTTYlCakitþiysnUvRbdab;dak;søab):akkafμImYy. vaminRtwmEtmankEnøgsRmab;dak;exμAéd
eT vak¾manrUtpgEdr EdlKYr[cab;GarmμNC_ axøagM . enAeBl´Gayudb;bqI añ M søab):akka)aneFVdI eM NIr
CamYyéTAGKarbEnßm ehIyeyIgrYmKñasresresovePAkMNt;ehtu nigEtgesckþIrab;minGs;.
´manGayudb;bYnqñaM søab):akkarbs;´k¾rIkraynwgCIviténqñaMcugeRkayrbs;vaCamYyÉdr ehIy
\LÚvenH>>>.
KWenAeBlbnÞab;BIem:agR)aMl¶acéf¶suRk. ´)ancakecjBIbnÞb; ehIyerobEtGgÁúysresr
enAtueTAehIy enAeBlEdl´RtÚveKrujecjTaMgRcgab;RcgileTAmçag edIm,ITukkEnøg[ m:ahÁút nig
):a EdlRtÚvhat;eronPasaLataMgrbs;BYkKat;vij. søab):akkasßitenAelItuminTan;eRbI xN³
Edlm©as;rbs;vakMBugdkdegðImFM BIeRBaH´RtÚv)anbgçM[GgÁúyy:agceg¥ótenARCúgtud¾tUcenH. enA
kEnøgenaHćab;epþImjIsENþk. enHKWCaviFIEdleyIgCRmHpSitp¥ÜrecjBIsENþk ehIyeFVI[val¥
dUcsPaBedIm. enAem:agR)aMmYyxVHdb;R)aMnaTI ´)ane)as\dæ ehIye)asdIdak;cUlkñúgkaEst
CamYynwgsENþkEdlrlYy ehIyk¾e)aHvacUleTAkñúgL. GNþatePøIgd¾FMmYy)aneqHefÁaleLIg
ehIy´KitfavaCaTidæPaBd¾Gs©arü EdleXIjLCitrlt;)anvilmkrksPaBedImrbs;vavij.
GVITaMgGs;k¾s¶b;s¶at;mþgeTot. sisSPasaLataMg)ancakecj ehIy´)anGgÁúyBImuxtu
edIm,Icab;epþImeFVIkic©karEdl´)aneRKagTukCamun. b:uEnþeTaHCaémIleTAkEnøgNak¾eday k¾´rk
mineXIjsøab):akkaEdr. vamindwgCa)at;eTANa. ´xMrkemIlmþgeTot. m:ahÁút k¾xMCYyrk m:ak;
):a DusEsl k¾xMCYyrkEdr. b:uEnþva)at;RsemalQwg. m:ahÁút maneyabl;fa RbEhlCava «
Føak;eTAkñúgLCamYysENþkehIyemIleTA . »
«
´)aneqøIyfa eT¡ vaminGaceT . »
rhUtdl;eBll¶ac søab):akkarbs;énAEtrkmineXIj eyIgTaMgGs;Kñasnμtfa vaRtÚvePøIg

eqHexÞceTAehIy. karBiPal;FMbMputEdleyIgBi)akcitþenaH RtÚv)anGHGagfaBitEmn enARBwkéf¶
bnÞab; eBlEdl):aeTAe)assm¥atL ehIy)aneXIjExSsRmab;cgsøab):akkaCab;nwgehae):A
140 Gan;E®hVg
«
enAkñúgepH. BMumaneXIjdancugk,alsøab):akkamasenAsl;eT. ):aGHGagfa vac,as;Carlay
Gs;ehIy .»
´manEtlYgelamxøÜnÉgfa³ søab):akkarbs;´ RtÚv)andutbUCadUcEdlńwkcg;[eKbUCaenA

éf¶NamYyEdr¡
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶BuF TI17 Exvicäika qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
RBwtþikarN_fμIkMBugeFVI[rMeCIbrMCYlsRmab;GñkenAGKarbEnßm edaysarkarelceLIgnUvCMgW
xan;søak;enApÞHrbs; ebb ehIyKat;minRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[mkTak;TgCamYyeyIgeT kñúgry³eBl
R)aMmYys)aþh_.
edayKμanKat; kardaMsønigkareLIgpSarnwgBi)akNas;. enHminTan;niyaydl;fa etIeyIg
nwgnwkdl;PaBsñiT§sñalrbs;Kat;dl;kRmitNapg. elak ekøm:g; edkCab;enAelIERK ehIymin)an
júaMGVIeRkABIbbrGs;ry³eBlbIs)aþh_mkehIy. elak XuKø½r manParkic©EdlRtÚveFVIeRcInhYs.
m:ahÁút )anepJIemeronPasaLataMgeTACUnRKÚmñak;Edl)anEkBaküxus ehIyeRkaymk)an
bBa¢nÚ mk[nagvij. nagcuHeQμaHedaymankarecjmuxrbs; ebb. elakRKÚcti )þ anNas; ehIy
qøatévEfmeTot. ´sUmPñal;fa Kat;nwgsb,aycitþEdlmankUnsisSqøatmñak;EbbenH.
DusEsl kMBugsßitkñúgPaBvwkvr ehIyeyIgmindwgfamkBIehtuGVIeLIy. erOgTaMgGs;)an
cab;epþImeLIgeday DusEsl minniyayGVIesaH enAeBlKat;enACan;xagelI. Kat;ElgniyayGVI
TaMgGs;CamYyelakb¤k¾elakRsI v:an; daGan. eyIgTaMgGs;KñasmÁal;eXIjG‘Ícwg. erOgenH)an
bnþGs;ry³eBlCaeRcInéf¶ ehIybnÞab;mk m:ak;k¾eqøót»kasedIm,IRBmanKat;GMBIelakRsI v:an;
daGan EdlGaceFVI[CIvitKat;evTnay:agBitR)akd. DusEsl )anbBa¢ak;fa KWelak v:an; daGan
EdlCaGñkcab;epþImminniyaysþI dUecñHKat;k¾KμanbMNgkat;pþac;PaBes¶óms¶at;enHEdr. ´KYrEt
R)ab;Égfa mSilmijKWéf¶TI16 Exvicäika Caéf¶KRmb;mYyqñaMEdleyIgcUlmkrs;enAGKarbEnßm.
enAkñúg»kasenH Kat;)anCUnkUnpáamYyepIgtUcdl;m:ak;. b:uEnþelakRsI v:an; daGan )anniyay
bBaäitbeBaäógBIéf¶BiessenH taMgBIeRcIns)aþh_mkehIy ehIyniyayRtg;²GMBIkarBitEdlfa
DusEsl KYrEt):av)ayl¶acdl;BYkeyIgenaHKWBMu)anTTYlGVIesaHeLIy. edayminyk»kas
edIm,IGrKuNBYkeyIgCaelIkdMbUgEdlminKitBIRbeyaCn_pÞal;xøÜn edaynaMKat;clU mkrs;enAenATIenH

Kat;eTACaKμanniyayGVmI y
Y m:at;esaH. ehIyenARBwkéf¶TdI b;R)aMmy
Y enAeBl´sYrKat;fa etI´KYrpþl;
[Kat;nvU karsaTrb¤ks¾ manTukç Kat;)aneqøy
I fas¥kI )¾ anEdr. m:ak;EdlcUlrYmkñúgtYnaTICaGñksRmúH
sRmÜlk¾minGaceFVIGVIekIt ehIyTIbBa©b;sßanPaBenH k¾RtÚvbBa©b;edayesμIKña.
´Gacniyayeday\tBenøIsfa DusEsl BitCacEmøkcitþ. eyIg)anesIcCajwkjab;
eRBaHEtKat;KμankarcgcaM Kμaneyabl;Cak;lak;nigKμanGarmμN_l¥. Kat;)aneFVI[eyIgsb,ay
elIsBImþg enAeBlEdlKat;BüayamR)ab;Bt’manEdleTIbEt)anB¤ eRBaHBt’manenaHRcLMbl;enA
kñúgkarpSBVpSay. CagenHeTAeTot Kat;)aneqøIyral;karriHKn; nigkarecaTRbkan;edaykarsnüa
mYycMnYnEdlKat;minGaceFVI)an.
«mnusSenHmanKMnitGs©arü
b:uEnþ skmμPaBrbs;Kat;tictYcGIem:øHeT¡»
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
kalBIyb;mji muneBléKglk; haeNlI )anbgðajrUbrageLIgmYyrMeBcenAcMeBaHmux´.
´)aneXIjnagenABImux´ edayesøóksemøókbMBak;rEhkryuIréy: muxnagsÁmnigeLIg
søk;. nagsmøwgemIl´RbkbedayPaBeRkomRkM nigsþIbenÞasenAkñúgEPñkFM²rbs;nag EdlGac
«
[ýl;FøúH³ GðÚh_¡ Gan; ehtuGVIGñke)aHbg;écal? CYy´pg CYy´pg se®gÁaHécjBIzan
»
nrkenH¡ .
ehIy´BMuGacCYynageT. ´RKan;EtGacQremIlkarQWcab;nigkarsøab;rbs;GñkdéT²
eTotb:ueNÑaH. GVITaMgGs;Edl´GaceFVI)an KWbYgsYgRBHCam©as;[CYynaMyknagmkenACamYy
eyIgvijEtb:ueNÑaH. éXIjEt haeNlI ehIyKμanGñkepSgeT. ýl;famkBIehtuGVIehIy.
´)anvaytémønagxus. ´minTan;cas;TMuGacyl;)anfa etInagBi)akb:unNaeLIy. nagykcitþ
Tukdak;xøaMgnwgmitþRsIrbs;nag ehtudUcenHehIy )anCa´kMBugBüayamnaMnagecj. erOgEdlKYr
esakesAenaH nagc,as;CamanGarmμN_P½yxøacxøaMgehIy¡ ´dwg eRBaH´sÁal;c,as;GarmμN_enA
142 Gan;E®hVg
kñúgxøÜn´¡ ýl;mþgmáal b:uEnþPøamenaH edayKitEtRbeyaCn_pÞal;xøÜn ÉbrmkKitbBaðanigkar

sb,ayrbs;éTAvij.
´minl¥esaHEdleFVIdak;nagdUcenH ehIyenAeBlenHnagkMBugsmøwgemIlédayRtÚvkar
CMnYyxøaMgNas; CamYyTwkmuxesøksøaMg nigEkvEPñkbgáb;edayPaBGgVrkr. sUm[´GacCYynag
pg¡ »RBHCam©as;eGIy ´manRKb;y:agEdlćg;bYgsYg xN³Edlvasnarbs;nagsßitenAkñúg
RkjaMmrN³. nageCOsasnas‘b;dUcÉdr ehIyRbEhlCaxøaMgCagéTotpg. nagk¾cg;eFVIEtGVI
EdlRtwmRtÚvEdr. b:uEnþcuHehtuGVI)anCa´RtÚvenArs;edayELkenAeBlnagmuxCanwgsøab;? etI
eyIgTaMgBIrmanGVIxusKña? ehtuGVIk¾eBlenHeyIgRtÚvEbkq¶ayBIKñay:agenH?
niyayedayesμaHRtg;eTA ´min)anKitdl;nagGs;ry³eBlCaeRcInExmkehIy. GU+
minEmneT y:agehacNas;k¾mYyqñaMEdr. ´minGacbMePøcnagTaMgRsugeT ehIyTal;EtéXIjrUb
nagenAcMeBaHmux´ eTIbépþImKitelIkarQWcab;TaMgGs;rbs;nag. G+U¡ haeNlI ´sgÇwmfa ebI
sinCaGñkenArs;rhUtdl;s®gÁamcb;ehIyvilRtLb;mkrkBYkeyIgenaH ńwgTTYlGñkmkenA
CamYyBYkeyIg ehIyńwgtbsñgvijcMeBaHkMhusqÁgEdl´)aneFVIcMeBaHGñk.
b:uEnþeTaHbICa´bRmúgnwgCYyk¾eday k¾nagnwgminRtÚvkarCMnYyeRcInCagGVIEdlnagRtÚvkar
enAeBlenHEdr. ´q¶l;fa etInagKitGMBIéT ehIyetInagkMBugEtmanGarmμN_EbbNa?
sUmRBHCam©as;GaNitCYylYgelamnagpg. dUecñaHy:agehacNas;k¾nagminenAÉeka
Edr. G+U¡ sUmRBHGgÁCYyR)ab;nagpgfa ´kMBugEtKitdl;nagedaykþIkruNanigkarRslaj;.
´RtÚvEtQb;nwkKitGMBIerOgenH. vaminGac[éFVIGVI)aneLIy. écHEteXIjEPñkd¾FMrbs;
nag ehIyvaecHEttamlgrUb´. etI haeNlI BitCaeCORBHCam©as; b¤k¾nagRtÚv)aneKbgçM[TTYl
yksasna? sUm,IEterOgenHk¾´mindwgEdr. ´minEdlykbBaðaenHmkecaTsYrnageT.
haeNlI haeNlI sUm[´GacnaMGñkeTAq¶ay sUm[´GacEckrMElkGVI²RKb;y:agCamYy
Gñk. b:uEnþvaRCúleBleTAehIy. ´minGacCYy b¤k¾lublagkMhusEdl´)aneFVIeT. b:uEnþńwg
minePøcnageToteLIy ńwgbYgsYgCUndl;nagCanic©¡
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
TivabuNü saMg nIkULas kan;EtxitCitmkdl; eyIgTaMgGs;Kñakan;EtKitdl;k®nþkd¾l¥ Edl
tubEtgkalBIqñaMmun. ´)anKitCagnrNa²TaMgGs;fa ´minKYrxkxanBiFIbuNüqñaMenHeT. bnÞab;BI
KitmYysnÞúHFM ńwkeXIjKMnitmYyKYr[cg;esIc. ´)anBieRKaHCamYy BIm ehIykalBImYys)aþh_
munenH eyIg)ancab;epþImsresrkMNaBümYysRmab;CUnmnusSmñak;².
naéf¶GaTitü evlaem:agR)aMbIxVHdb;R)aMnaTI eyIg)annaMKñaeLIgCeNþIredaykan;k®nþkexaGav
FMmYy EdltubEtglm¥edayRkdaskat;nigbUEdleFVIGMBIRkdaskabUnBN’páaQUk nig BN’exov.
enAEpñkxagelImanRkdasx©b;BN’etñatmYypÞaMgFMEdlmanP¢ab;lixitmYy. mnusSRKb;KñaragPJak;
ep¥IlbnþiccMeBaHGMeNayenH. ´)anTajlixitenaHykmkGanB¤²³
«TivabuNü saMg nIkULas

)anekItmanCafμImþgeTotenAkñúgpÞHlak;xøÜnrbs;eyIg
´P½yxøacfa vanwgminEmnCaéf¶sb,ay
dUcEdleyIgFøab;mankalBIqñaMeTAeT.
eBlenaHeyIgsgÇwmfa suTidæiniymR)akdCanwgQñH]bsKÁRKb;Ebby:ag
ehIyenAeBlEdlqñaMenHvil)anmYyCuM
eyIgnwgmanesrIPaB suvtßiPaB nig suxPaBl¥.
b:uEnþsUmkMuePøcfa éf¶enHCaéf¶buNü saMg nIkULas
eTaHbICaeyIgKμanGVIenAsl;edIm,IEck[kþI
eyIgRtÚvEteFVIGVImYyepSgeTot³
»
dUecñHsUmGñkRKb;Kña emIlenAkñúgRTnab;eCIgerog²xøÜn¡
enAeBlBYkeKmñak;²naMKñaykRTnab;eCIgecjBIk®nþk sMeNIcy:agkgrMBgk¾lan;B¤eLIg.
enAkñúgRTnab;eCIgnImYy² mankBa©b;RkdastUcmYyEdlcuHGasydæanm©as;RTnab;eCIgenaH.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
144 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶BuF TI22 ExFñÚ qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
´manCMgWpþasayFMmYyEdlCaehtueFVI[´Gak;xanminGacsresrR)ab;Ég)anrhUtdl;éf¶
enH. KYr[xøacNas;EdlQWenATIenH¡. enAeBlk¥kmþg² ´RtÚvEtmuCk,alcUleRkamPYymþg
BIrdg bIdg nigBüayamTb;kMu[k¥keTot. Cajwkjab;Nas; karrmas;k rkk¥k ecHEtekItmanmin
RBm)at;esaH dUecñaH´RtÚvEtpwkTwkedaHeKalayTwkXμúMsárs b¤k¾dMNk;fñaMk¥k. éLIgvilmux enA
eBlKitGMBIrebobBüa)alTaMgGs;Edl´)aneRbI³ bnßykemþA Büa)aledays<úg kMueRbsesIm kMu
eRbssÜ¶t ePsC¢³ekþA CUtk edkmYykEnøg dbTwkekþA TwkRkÚcqμar nig dak;]bkrN_sÞg;kemþA ¬ET
m:UEmRt¦ erogral;BIrem:agmþg. etIkarBüa)alTaMgGs;enH BitCaeFVI[´FUrRsalEmnb¤? GVIEdl
GaRkk;bMputenaHKWfa elak DusEsl )anseRmccitþedIrtYCaRKÚeBTü ehIydak;k,alrbs;Kat;mk
elIRTÚgrbs;édIm,Isþab;sMeLgebHdUg. ´minRtwmEtresIbedaysarsk;rbs;Kat;b:ueNÑaHeT
b:uEnþÉfmTaMgxμaseGoneTotpg eTaHbICarUbKat;)ancUlsalaerontaMgBIsamsibqñaMknøgeTA
ehIymansBaØabR½teBTük¾eday. ehtuGkIV K¾ at;dak;k,almkelIedImRTÚgrbs;´? CaBiessenaH
Kat;mni EmnCamitþRbúsrbs;éT¡ eTaHCay:agNak¾eday k¾Kat;minGacEbgEcksMeLgebHdUgman
bBaða nig sMeLgebHdUgmansuxPaBl¥Edr. Kat;RtÚvEtsm¥atRtecokCamunsin eRBaHKat;kan;Et
manbBaðasþab;minsUvB¤KYr[)armÖ. b:uEnþńiyaylμmRKb;RKan;ehIyGMBICMgWrbs;´. ´)anCasH
es,Iy mansuxPaBCaFmμtaeLIgvij. xøÜn´dkkm<s; nig eLIgTm¶n;CitmYyKILÚRkam. ésøksøaMg
b:uEnþ mancitþGnÞHsacg;eTAemIlesovePArbs;´vij.
eyIgTaMgGs;KñakMBugEtmanTMnak;TMngy:agl¥enAkñúgpÞH. KμanGñkNamñak;eQøaHKñaeT b:uEnþ
vaRbEhlCaminmanry³eBlEvgeLIy. vaminEdlmansnþiPaB nigPaBs¶b;s¶at;dUecñHenAkñúgpÞH
enHeT y:agehactaMgBIR)aMmYyExmkehIy.
ebb enAdac;BIeKÉgenAeLIy b:uEnþéf¶NamYyb¥ÚnRsIrbs;Kat;nwgminqøgCMgWeT.
sRmab;éf¶bNu üNUEGl eyIgnwgTijeRbgqa sárRKab; nig TwksurI .U: sRmab;bN
u ü hanukas
elak DusEsl )anCUnelakRsI v:an; daGan nig m:ak; nUvnMexkd¾s¥atmYyEdlKat;)anesñI[
emob dut. vaCakargarsMxan;CageKEdlKat;RtÚvEteFVI¡ ´ nig m:ahÁút TTYl)anknøas;GavmYyeFVI
GMBIluykak;epnnI47 EdlPøWcaMg. ´BitCaminGacBN’na)aneT b:uEnþvaKYr[Rslaj;EmnETn.
47 eQμaHR)ak;kak;rbs;RbeTsGg;eKøsEdl100epn esμImYyepan. ]TahrN_³ mYyepnnI/ BIrepn/ bIepn>>>.
´k¾manGMeNaybuNüNUEGlsRmab; emob nig ebb Edr. Gs;ry³eBleBjmYyEx

´snSMsárEdlRtÚvdak;elInMFBaØCatiekþArbs;´ ehIyelak ekøm:g; )anykvaeTAeFVIsártaMgEm:.
GakasFatumansPaBGab;GY nig RsTM. LFMukøins¥úy. GahareFVITukçRkBHrbs;édaynaM[
mansMeLgkUrkñúgeBaH.
s®gÁamsßitenAkñúgPaBTal;Rck. sμartIcuHTab.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶suRk TI24 ExFñÚ qñaM1943

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
dUc´)ansresrR)ab;ÉgCaeRcIndgehIykalBIeBlmun GarmμN_manninñakareFVI[b:HBal;
eyIgbnþicenATIenH ehIyenAkñúgkrNIrbs;´ vakan;EtF¶n;F¶reLIgenAeBlfμI²enH. Xøad¾l,Il,aj
«
rbs;GñkniBn§CnCatiGaløWm:g;eQ~aH ehÁaeGs enAelIzansYK’ b¤k¾enAkñúgCeRmAénPaBGs;sgÇwm »
BitCaekItmancMeBaH´. énAelIzansYK’ eBl´Kitfa etIeyIgsMNagdl;kRmitNa ehIyeRbóbeFob

xøÜnĆamYykumarCVIhVdéTeTot. ehIyenAkñúgCeRmAénPaBGs;sgÇwm ]TahrN_ dUcCaenAeBl
elakRsI ekøm:g; mkniyayGMBIelçansala karkmSanþtamnava karGgÁúyjúaMEteBll¶acCamYy
mitþPkþi nigkøwbkILaelgkUneKalelITwkkkrbs; hSÚBI.
´Kitfa´minRcENnnwg hSÚBI eT b:uEnþ´manbMNgcg;sb,aymþg ehIyesIc[cukeBaHnwgeK
nwgÉg. eyIgsm¶MenAkñúgpÞHenHdUcCamnusSXøg; CaBiessenAkñúgGMLúgrdUvrganigvisSmkal buNü
NUEGlnigbuNücUlqñaMfμI. CakarBit ´minKYrsresreerOgenHeT eRBaHvahak;dUcCaeFVI[éTACa
mnusSrmilKuN b:uEnþ´minGaclak;GVIRKb;y:agenAkñúgxøÜneT. dUecñH ´sUmniyayCafμInUvRbeyaK
«
Edl´)anniyayBIxagedIm³ RkdasmanPaBGMNt;CagmnusS . »
kalebInrNamñak;mkBIxageRkA edaymanxül;enAkñúgsemøókbMBak;rbs;BYkeKnigPaBRtCak;
enAelIf<al;rbs;BYkeK ´manGarmμN_dUcCacg;EtykPYymkRKbk,al[CitedIm,IkMu[ecHEtKitfa
«etIenAeBlNaeTA eTIbeyIgRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[RsUbxül;GakasbrisuT§CafμI? pÞúyeTAvij ´min
GaceFVIy:agenaH)aneT. ´RtÚvEtkøahanh‘anRbQmmuxcMeBaHerOgRKb;Ebby:ag b:uEnþKMnitTaMgenH
ecHEtrsat;eTAq¶ay\tQb;QrmþgehIymþgeTot.
sUmeCOćuH ebIsinCaÉgRtÚveKbiTmat;Gs;ry³eBlmYyqñaMknøH ÉgnwgRTaMElg)an
146 Gan;E®hVg
enAeBlxøH. b:uEnþGarmμN_mnusSminGacminrvl;)aneLIy eTaHbICavahak;dUcCaminyutþiFm’ b¤

k¾rmilKuNy:agNakþI. ćg;CiHkg; raM hYc smøwgemIlBiPBelak manGarmμN_Caekμg ehIydwgfa
´manesrIPaB b:Eu nþ´minGaceFVeI TArYceT. sakRsémemIlfa etImanGVeI kIteLIg ebIeyIgTaMgR)aMbnI ak;
RtÚvGaNitKñaeTAvijeTAmk b¤k¾edIrcuHedIreLIg edaymanTwkmuxmYhμgy:agenH. etIeyIgnwgeTAdl;
TINa? eBlxøHńwkq¶l;fa etImanrNamñak;yl;smþIÉdreT etImannrNaGt;»n[PaBGktBaØÚ
rbs;´ ehIyminxVl;fa ĆaCnCatiCVIhV b¤k¾minEmnEdreT ehIyRKan;Etcat;TukĆaekμgCMTg;mñak;
EdlRtÚvkarCaxøagM nUvkarsb,ayb:eu NÑaHenaH. ´Gt;dgw eT ehIy´minGacniyayGMBbI BaðaenHCamYy
nrNaeLIy eRBaH´R)akdkñúgcitþfa ´muxCanwgyMsRmk;TwkEPñk. karyMesakGaceFVI[eyIg)an
FUrRTÚg ebIsinCaeyIgminyMEtÉgeTenaH. eTaHbICa´manRTwsþI nigkarRbwgERbgkþI k¾´minman
mþaymñak;Edlyl;citþ´RKb;em:agRKb;éf¶enaHEdr. ehtudUecñH enAeBléFVI nigsresrGVI² ´
rEmgRsémcg;eFVICamþayd¾l¥mñak;cMeBaHkUnrbs;énAeBlGnaKt. enaHKWCaRbePTmþaymYyrUb
Edlminrvl;KitxøaMgRCúlcMeBaHGVI²EdleKniyay b:uEnþykcitþTukdak;xøaMgcMeBaH´. ýl;fava
« »
Bi)aknwgBN’naNas; cMeBaHGVIEdlćg;[n½y b:uEnþBaküfa m:ak; vamann½ysBVRKb;ehIy. etI
« »
Égdwgfa ńwkdl;GVIeT? edIm,I[manGarmμN_ehAmþayrbs;´fa m:ak; Cajwkjab; éhAKat;min
« »
)anl¥eT. ´bn;[´Gacpþl;kitþiysdl;Kat; edayehAKat;fa m:ak; y:ageBjmat;. val¥Edr
EdlKat;mindwgerOgenH eRBaHvanwgeFVI[Kat;minsb,aycitþ.
eNðIycuH valμmRKb;RKan;ehIysRmab;erOgenaH. sMeNrrbs;´)aneRsacRsg;´)anxøH
«
ehIyBI CeRmAénPaBGs;sgÇwm . »
Gan; rbs; XI F I
vaCaéf¶buNüNUEGl ehIy´BMuGacminKitdl; BIm nigerOgEdlKat;)anR)ab;´kalBIbuNü

NUEGlqñaMmun)aneT. ´minyl;BaküsmþIrbs;Kat;kalBIeBlenaHc,as;las;dUcCaenAeBlenH
eLIy. sUm[Kat;elIkykerOgenaHmkniyaymþgeTot ńwgGacbgðajR)ab;Kat;fa ýl;BIGVI
EdlKat;niyaymann½yfaem:cehIy¡
´Kitfa BIm )anR)ab;´ eRBaHKat;EdldwgerOgsm¶at;sMxan;rbs;GñkdéT²eTotcaM)ac;RtÚv
bgðajGarmμN_pÞal;rbs;Kat;mþg. BIm minEdlniyayGMBIxøÜnKat;eT ehIy´Kitfa m:ahÁút mindwg
xül;esaHGMBIGVIEdl BIm )anqøgkat;. BIm d¾kmSt; minGacbeBaäat´[Kitfa Kat;)anbMePøcekμgRsI
enaHeLIy. Kat;nwgminGaceFVIG‘Ícwg)aneT. va)aneFVI[Kat;køayeTACamnusSRsYl nigecHCYy

ykGasa eRBaHKat;k¾emIleXIjkMhusrbs;m:ak;Edr. ´sgÇwmfa ńwgkøayCaekμgtUcmñak;dUcKat;
EdlminRtÚvQWcab;nwgGVIEdlKat;Føab;qøgkat;eT¡
Gan;
l¶acéf¶suRk ´)anTTYlGMeNaybuNüNUEGlmYyCaelIkdMbUgenAkñúgCIvitrbs;´. elak

ekøm:g; elak XuKø½r nigekμgRsI² )anerobcMkarPJak;ep¥Ild¾Gs©arümYysRmab;BYkeyIg. emob )an
« »
eFVInMNUEGld¾Q¶úyq¶aj;mYyEdlmansresrGkSr snþiPaBqñaM1944 enABIelI ehIy ebb
)anpþl;[nUvnMXuKImYykBa©b;EdlmanrsCatidUcnMsm½ymuns®gÁam.
manTwkedaHeKaCUrmYyRkLsRmab; pitF½r m:ahÁútnig´ ehIymnusScas;vijTTYl)anmñak;
mYy. ehIymþgenHk¾G‘ÍcwgEdr GVI²RtÚv)anx©b;y:ags¥at edaymanrUbPaBs¥at²biTCab;nwgkBa©b;
GMeNaypg. eRkABIenH visSmkal)anknøgputeTAy:agqab;rh½ssRmab;BYkeyIg.
Gan;
éf¶BuF TI29 ExFñÚ qñaM1943

´manTukçeRkómRkMCafμImþgeTotkalBIyb;mij. e®hÁnm:a nig haeNlI )anmklg´mþg
eTot. e®hÁnm:a GU+ e®hÁnm:a CaTIRslaj;rbs;´. eyIg)anyl;ticem:øHGMBIkarQWcab;rbs;
Kat; Kat;citþl¥Nas; Kat;ykcitþTukdak;cMeBaHGVIRKb;y:agEdlTak;TgnwgeyIg. ehIyedIm,IKit
dUecñaHRKb;eBl Kat;)anrkSakarsm¶at;rbs;Kat;ya: gRbúgRby½t.ñ *
e®hÁnm:a EtgEtl¥nigesμaHRtg;Nas;. Kat;minEdl)aneFVI[eyIgGs;sgÇwmeT. eTaHman
GVIekIteLIgk¾eday eTaH´rbuilrb:UcxøaMgy:agNak¾eday k¾e®hÁnm:aEtgEtKaMRTnigkarBarĆanic©.
e®hÁnm:a etIe®hÁnm:aRslaj;éT b¤k¾e®hÁnm:a minyl;Édr? ´Gt;dwgeT. e®hÁnm:ac,as;Ca
Éeka eTaHbICamanBYkeyIgk¾eday. ÉgGacÉeka sUm,IEtenAeBlÉgmanmnusSCaeRcInRslaj;
* yayrbs; Gan; manCMgWRbcaMxøÜn.

148 Gan;E®hVg
« »
k¾eday eRBaHÉgenAEtminEmnCa mnusSCaTIRslaj;Etmñak;Kt; rbs;nrNaeLIy.
cuH haeNlI? etInagenArs;b?¤ etInagkMBgu eFVGI ?IV »RBHCam©as;CaTIRslaj; sUmRBHGgÁ
CYynaMxøÜnnagmk[BYkeyIgvijpg. haeNlI GñkeFVI[ńwkeXIjral;eBlfa etIvasnarbs;ńwg
eTACay:agNa. énAEteXIjxøÜnénAkñúgkEnøgrbs;Gñk. dUecñaHehtuGVIk¾´Bi)akcitþcMeBaHGVIEdl
bnþekItmanenATIenH? etI´minKYrsb,aycitþ rIkray nig esamnsSeTb¤ elIkElgEteBl´Kitdl;
haeNlI nig KUkn EdlmansMNagGaRkk;CamYynag? ĆamnusSKitEtxøÜnÉg nigkMsak.
ehtuG)IV anCaÉtgEtKitnigsubni eXIjerOgd¾KrY [xøacbMptu ehIycg;EtERskenAcMeBaHmuxPaBP½y
xøac? BIeRBaH´minmanCMenORKb;RKan;enAelIRBHCam©as; eTaHbImanGVIRKb;y:agk¾eday. RBHGgÁ
)anRbTan[éRcInNas; rhUtdl;´minsmnwgTTYl pÞúyeTAvijmYyéf¶² ´)anbnþeFVI[mankMhus
eRcIneLIg²¡.
karKitGMBIkarQWcab;rbs;mnusSEdlÉgRslaj; GaceFVI[ÉgRsk;TwkEPñk. CakarBit
ÉgGacyMeBjmYyéf¶. ÉgGacRtwmEtbYgsYgdl;RBHCam©as;edIm,I[RBHGgÁpþl;GBÖÚtehtunig
CYyse®gÁaHy:agehacNas;mnusSxøHkñúgcMeNamBYkeKb:ueNÑaH. ehIy´sgÇwmfa éFVIRKb;RKan;
ehIycMeBaHerOgenaH.
Gan;
éf¶RBhs,t× TI30 ExFñÚ qñaM1943

XIFI smøaj;/
cab;taMgBIeRkayCemøaHd¾eqHeralralcugeRkayenH erOgr:av)ans¶b;s¶at;CagmunenATIenH
minRtwmEtrvagBYkeyIg DusEsl nig GñkenAxagelIeT b:uEnþrvagelak nigelakRsI v:an; daGan
pgEdr. eTaHy:agNakþI BBkexμAd¾FMmYykMBugEtbk;mktampøÚvenH ehIyerOgTaMgGs;enHekIteLIg
edaysar>>>mðÚbGahar. elakRsI v:an; daGan )anpþl;eyabl;KYr[Gs;sMeNIcmYyfa eyIgKYr
econdMLÚgenAeBlRBwkticCagmun ehIysnSMvaTuksRmab;eBleRkayenAkñúgéf¶dEdl. m:ak; nig
DusEsl rYmTaMgBYkeyIgpg minyl;RsbCamYyKat;eT. dUecñH GMNwHteTA eyIgRtÚvEbgEck
dMLÚgKña. xøaj;nigeRbg TMngCaminGacEck[)anyutþiFm’eLIy. ehIym:ak;RtÚvEteFVI[manrebob
erobryeLIgvij. ńwg[Égdwg ebImankarvivtþn_KYr[cab;GarmμN_. sRmab;ry³eBlBIrbIExenH
eyIg)anEbgEcksac; ¬sac;rbs;BYkeKmanxøaj; rbs;eyIgGt;xøaj;¦ smø ¬BYkeKjúaMvaeyIgmin
júa¦M dMLgÚ ¬rbs;BkY eKcitsMbkrYc rbs;eyIgminTan;cti ¦ ehIyeBlenH EbgEckdMLgÚ econeTot.

sUm[eyIgGacEbgEckva)anTaMgRsugeTAcuH¡
Gan; rbs; XI F I
esckþIbEnßm ebb )anftcmøg[ńUvkatb:Usþal;rUbPaBraCvgSTaMgmUlmYysnøwk. RBH
nag CUly
I a: Na enAekμgEmnETn ehIymhakSRtiyanIkG¾ cÍ‘ gw Edr. kumarI TaMgbIrbU KYr[Rslaj;
Nas;. Égk¾KitdUcKñafa ebb BitCacitþl¥Nas;EmneT?
éf¶GaTitü TI2 Exmkra qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
enAeBlRBwkenH ´Gt;manGIRtÚveFVIeT emø:aHehIy´k¾)anebIkesovePAkMNt;ehturbs;´
emIl ehIyk¾)anGanlixitCaeRcInTak;Tgnwgm:ak; EdlmaneRbIBaküxøaMg²rhUtdl;eFVI[´søút
«
GarmμN_. ´)anniyayEtmñak;Égfa Gan; BitCaÉgEmnb¤ EdlniyayBIkars¥b;? GU+ Gan;
ehtuGVI)anCaÉgGaceFVIy:agenHeTAekIt? . »
´GgÁy
ú Fμgw kan;esovePAEdlkMBgu ebIk ehIyq¶lf; a ehtuG)IV anCaéBareBjedaykMhgw xøagM emøH:
ehIymineBjcitþeLIyEdl´RtÚvniyayR)ab;ÉgGMBIvaTaMgGs;enH. ´Büayamyl;citþ Gan;
kalBIqñaMmun ehIysMueTasCMnYsnag eRBaHfadrabNa´R)ab;ÉgBIkarecaTRbkan;TaMgenH ehIymin
manbMNgBnül;GMBIGVIEdlCRmújvaTaMgenH mnsikarrbs;ńwgminRCHRsLHeT. enAeBlenaH ´
kMBugQWcab;edaysarGarmμN_EdleFVI[´liclg; ehIyeFVI[émIleXIjGVI²sBVy:ag tamEt
TsSn³vis½yrbs;xøÜnÉgedayBMuKitBicarNa edayrebobs¶b;es¶ómnUvTegVIrbs;GñkdéTEdleFVI[
QWcab; b¤ tUccitþedaysarcritBuHkeRBa¢alrbs;énaH.
´manKMnitKμanKitGñkepSgeRkAEtBIxøÜnÉg ehIysresry:ages¶óms¶at;nUvral;karsb,ay
smþLI kLWy nig karesakesArbs;énAkñgú esovePAkMNt;ehtu´. edayehtufa esovePAkMNt;
ehtuenH KWCaesovePAsRmab;karcgcaM vamann½yFMeFgNas;sRmab;xøÜn´.
´xwgnwgm:ak;y:agxøaMg ¬ehIyénAEtxwgKat;CajwkjyenAeLIy¦. CakarBit Kat;minyl;
citþéT ehIy´k¾minyl;citþKat;Edr. eRBaHKat;Rslaj;´ Kat;Tn;Pøn; nig KYr[Rslaj;
b:uEnþedaysaréFVI[Kat;mansßanPaBlM)aknigkal³eTs³d¾eRkómRkM Kat;Rcas;Rcal; nigekþA
Rkhay. dUecñH ´Gacyl;fa ehtuGVI)anKat;eqvqavdak;Ćajwkjab;.
150 Gan;E®hVg
ńwkxwgEdlykerOgmkdak;kñúgcitþRCúlhYsehtu ehIyeFVIeQøIy nigeFVIb£kBaKYr[s¥b;

dak;Kat;eTot. emø:aHehIy vak¾eFVI[Kat;minsb,aycitþ. eyIg)anpugxøÜnCab;enAkñúgPaBminKYr[
cUlcitþ nigkaresakseRgg. eyIgTaMgBIrKμaneBlsb,aycitþeT. b:uEnþy:agehacNas; erOg
EbbenaHva)ancb;eTAehIy. ´mincg;eXIjGVIEdlbnþekItmaneTehIy´manGarmμN_GaNitxøÜnÉg
b:uEnþerOgenaHGacyl;)an.
karpÞúHkMhwgenAelIRkdas RKan;EtCakarbgðajPaBxwgsm,ab:ueNÑaH EdlenAkñúgCIvitsamBaØ
Fmμta ´GacTb;va)anedayRKan;Etcak;esaenAkñúgbnÞb; ehIyt®nþMeCIgBIrbIdg b¤k¾lYcdak;gar[
m:ak;enABIeRkayxñgeTA)anehIy.
eBlevlaénkarvaytémøTaMgTwkEPñk)anknøgputehIy. ´kan;Etqøatév ehIyGarmμN_
rbs;m:ak;k¾kan;EtnwgnCagmunbnþic. evlaPaKeRcInbMput ´GacTb;mat;)anenAeBlEdl´mYem:A
ehIym:ak;k¾G‘ÍcwgEdr. dUecñH enAelIrUbPaBxageRkA eyIgkan;EtcuHsRmúgl¥nwgKña. b:uEnþmanerOg
mYyEdl´minGaceFVI)an. erOgenaHKWRtÚvRslaj;m:ak;y:agGs;BIcitþkñúgnamCakUnmñak;.
´lYgelammnsikar´ edayKMnitEdlfa karsresrBaküGsursenAelIRkdas vaRbesIr
CagbeNþay[vaeTArYmrwtebHdUgrbs;m:ak;.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶RBhs,t× TI6 Exmkra qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
éf¶enH´manerOgBIrRtÚvsarPaBR)ab;Ég. vaRtÚvkareBlevlaEvg b:uEnþ´RtÚvR)ab;vadl;
nrNamñak; ehIyÉgKWCaebkçCnEdlsmrmübMput eRBaH´dwgfa ÉgnwgrkSakarsm¶at; eTaHbICa
manGVIekIteLIgk¾eday.
erOgdMbUgKWTak;Tgnwgm:ak;. dUcÉg)andwgehIy Cajwkjab;´rG‘UrTaMGMBIm:ak; ehIyeRkay
mk)anBüayamGs;smtßPaBedIm,IeFVIxøÜn[l¥. ´)andwgPøamfa Kat;manbBaða. m:ak;)anniyay
fa Kat;cat;TukeyIgCamitþPkþiCaCagCakUnRsI. BitehIyerOgenaHl¥Nas; elIkElgEtfamitþPkþi
mñak;minGacmkCMnYsmþaymYyrUbeT. ´RtÚvkar[m:ak;elIkCa]TahrN_d¾l¥mYy ehIyRtÚvkar[
Kat;CamnusSmñak;Edl´GaceKarB)an b:uEnþkñúgbBaðaCaeRcIn Kat;KWCa]TahrN_mYyénGVIEdleyIg
minRtÚveFVItam. ´manGarmμN_fa m:ahÁút KitepSgGMBIerOgenHrhUtdl;Kat;minGacyl;GVI
Edl´)anR)ab;ÉgeT. ehIy):aecosvagkarsnÞnaTaMgGs;EdlmanTak;Tgnwgm:ak;.
ńwkKitfa mþaymYyrUbKWCa®sþmI añ k;EdlsMxan;bpM tu manPaBbuni Rbsb;ya: gxøagM BiesscMeBaH
kUnv½yCMTg;rbs;xøÜn ehIyminEmnCa®sþImñakdUcCam:ak;EdlesIccMGk[énAeBlýMenaHeT. min
Emnedaysar´QWcab;eT b:uEnþedaysarerOgepSg²eTot.
erOgenHhak;dUcCaerOgkMbuikkMb:uk b:uEnþman]bTÞvehtumYyEdl´minGacelIkElgeTas[
Kat;)an. va)anekIteLIgenAeBlEdléTACYbeBTüeFμj. m:ak;ngi m:ahÁtú manKeRmageTACamYy´
ehIy)anyl;RBmfa´KYrEtCiHkg;. enAeBlCYbeBTüeFμjrYcehIy eyIg)anRtLb;mkxageRkA.
m:ak;nig m:ahÁút niyayy:agEp¥mElðmfa BYkeKnwgeTATIRbCMuCnedIm,IrkTij b¤rkemIlrbs;GVImYy.
´Gt;caMfa vaenaHCas¥IeT. ehIy´k¾cg;eTAEdr b:uEnþBYkeK)anniyayfa´minGaceTA)aneT eRBaH
´mankg;enACab;nwgxøÜn. ´xwgeLIgRsk;TwkEPñk ehIym:ak;nig m:ahÁút )anesIccMGk[´. ´xwgxøaMg
Nas;rhUtdl;elonGNþatdak;BYkKat;enAtampøÚveTotpg. ®sþIv½ycMNas;maDl¥itmñak; )anedIr
kat;edayécdnü ehIyKat;BitCaPJak;ep¥IlxøaMgNas;cMeBaHskmμPaBenH. ´)anCiHkg;RtLb;mk
pÞHvij ehIyBitCa)anyMGs;CaeRcInem:ag. valμmRKb;RKan;Nas;ehIy eTaHbICam:ak;eFVI[´rbYs
pøÚvcitþCaeRcIndgk¾eday k¾rbYsmYyenHenAEtQWBWtpSaenARKb;eBlEdl´)anKitfa etI´xwgdl;
kRmitNa.
´Bi)aknwgsarPaBerOgTIBIrNas; eRBaHvaCaerOgTak;TgnwgxøÜn´pÞal;. ´minEmnRbkan;
sIlFm’eT XIFI b:uEnþral;dg enAeBlBYkeKniyayBIerOgeFVIdMeNIrrbs;BYkeKcUlbnÞb;Twk xøÜnrbs;
´TaMgmUlk¾manRbtikmμ.
mSilmij ´)anGanGtßbTmYyGMBIkarRkhmmux Edlsresreday suIs ehsÞ½r. vahak;
dUcCaKat;niyaysMedAmkrk´pÞal;Etmþg. minEmnfa ´qab;RkhmmuxeT b:uEnþGtßbTenHman\T§iBl
mkelI´. GVIEdlKat;niyayCamUldæanenaH KWfaenAkñúgeBleBjrUbeBjrag ekμgRsImanlkçN³
eGoneRbón ehIycab;epþImKitGMBIkarpøas;bþÚrd¾Gs©arüEdlekItmanenAkñúgxøÜnrbs;BYkeK. ´k¾man
GarmμN_EbbenaHEdr. ehIyvaRbEhlCakarGam:as;fμI²rbs;´ edaysar m:ahÁút m:ak; nig ):a.
mü:ageTot m:ahÁút CamnusSxμaseGoneRcInCag´ b:uEnþKat;minxμaseGonTal;EtesaHenAkñúgerOg
enH.
´Kitfa GVIkMBugekItmancMeBaH´ KWGs©arüxøaMgNas; ehIy´minRKan;Etcg;niyayBIkarpøas;
bþÚrenAxageRkAxøÜnéT b:uEnþxagkñúgxøÜnk¾dUecñHEdr. ´minEdlykerOg´ b¤k¾erOgTaMgenHeTAniyay
152 Gan;E®hVg
CamYyGñkdéTeLIy. ehtudUecñH ´RtÚvEtniyayGMBIvaEtmñak;Ég. enAeBlNa´mkrdUv ¬ehIy

karFøak;rdUvenaHmanEtbIdgb:ueNÑaH¦ ´manGarmμN_fa eTaHbImankarQWcab; PaBminRsNukRsYl
nigPaBesμakeRKakk¾eday k¾´kMBugEtmanerOgsm¶at;d¾Ep¥mElðmmYy. dUecñH eTaHbIvaCakarrMxan
mYyk¾ÉtgEtrg;caMedayrIkraynUveBlevlaEdl´manGarmμN_fa karsm¶at;enAkñúgxøÜnénaHman
CafμImþgeTotCanic©.
suIs ehsÞ½r k¾sresrpgEdrfa ekμgRsIGayuRs)al´ manGarmμN_minTan;R)akdkñúgcitþ
GMBIxøÜnÉgTaMgRsugeT ehIycab;epþImdwgfa BYkeKCabuKÁlEdlmankarKit CMenO nigTmøab;pÞal;xøÜn.
éTIbEtmanGayudb;bIqñaMb:ueNÑaH enAeBl´mkTIenH dUecñH´KWCamnusSÉkraCüqab;rh½sCag
ekμgRsIPaKeRcInbMput. eBlxøH enAeBléKgenAelIERKnaeBlyb; ÉtgEtmanGarmμN_cg;sÞab
sudn;rbs;ý:agxøaMg ehIysþab;cgVak;ebHdUgd¾es¶óms¶at;nigeTogTat;.
´manGarmμN_EbbenHTaMgmindwgxøÜn cab;taMgBImuneBl´mkTIenHemø:H. manmþgenaHenAeBl
éKgyb;enApÞHrbs; hSak; ´minGacRTaMkñaj;)ancMeBaHdgxøÜnrbs;nag EdlnagEtgEtlak;min[
éXIjeLIy. ´)ansYrnagfaedIm,ICamitþPaB etIeyIgGacsÞabsudn;KñaeTAvijeTAmk)aneT.
hSak; )anbdiesF. ´k¾eRskXøancg;EtefIbnagNas;Edr ehIy´)aneFVIerOgenH. RKb;eBl
Edl´)aneXIjrUbRsIRsatdUcCarUbeTBGbSr enAkñgú esovePARbvtþsi li ,³rbs;´ ´manesckþIsux
Nas;. eBlxøHýl;eXIjfa vaEsnRss;s¥atrhUtdl;´RtÚvEtts‘UTb;TwkEPñkrbs;´. sUm[
´manmitþRsImñak;¡
éf¶RBhs,t× TI6 Exmkra qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
ćg;rkmnusSmkCECkCamYyy:agxøagM rhUtRTaMElg)an ehIy´)anyk pitF½r mkedIrtYnaTI
enH. enA»kasmYycMnYntUc eBlEdl´)ancUlbnÞb;rbs; pitF½r kñúgGMLúgeBléf¶ ÉtgKitfa
val¥nigmanpasukPaB. b:uEnþ pitF½r KYrsmeBk rhUtdl;minh‘anedjePJóvecjeBlKat;Fuj.
dUecñH´minEdlh‘anenAyUreT. ÉtgEtxøacKat;Kitfa ĆamnusSrMxan. ´)anrkelsmYyedIm,I
enARtaMERtgkñúgbnÞb;Kat; ehIy[Kat;niyayCamYy´TaMgmindwgxøÜn. ehIykalBIyb;mij ´)an
man»kasmYy. ÉgdwgeT¡ pitF½r kMBgu Etgb;elgBaküExVg ehIyKat;mni )aneFVGI eIV saHeBjmYy
éf¶. ´kMBgu EtCYyKat; ehIyPøam²enaH eyIgk¾)anmkGgÁúyCitKñaedayenAmçagtumñak;. pitF½r
enAGgÁúyelIekAGI ehIy´GgÁúyelIsaLúg.
va)anpþl;[ńUvGarmμN_d¾Gs©arü eBl´smøwgemIlEPñkBN’exovRsgat;rbs;Kat; ehIy
dwgfakarcUlmkelgxusBIFmμtarbs;´ )aneFVI[Kat;eGoneRbóndl;kRmitNa. ´GacdwgBIKMnit
eRCAbMputrbs;Kat; ehIyenAelIépÞmuxrbs;Kat;´)aneXIjTwkmuxRbkbedayPaBminR)akdRbCa
faRtÚvmanGakb,kiriyaEbbNa ehIyenAeBldMNalKñaenaH k¾smÁal;eXIjkarelceLIgPøamnUv
PaBCabursrbs;Kat;. ´)aneXIjkarxμaseGonrbs;Kat; ehIy´k¾kan;EtTn;cti .þ ćg;R)ab;Kat;fa
«sUmR)ab;´GMBIxøÜnGñkmk. sUmGñksmøwgemIl[eRCAhYsBIrUbPaBxageRkAd¾b): a: c;be: ):acrbs;´ . »
b:Eu nþ´)andwgfa KitrksMNrY vaecHEtRsYlehIy b:Eu nþsrY sMNrY TaMgenaHvijvaminRsYleT.

eBll¶ac)ancUlmkdl; ehIyKμanGVIekIteLIgeT. elIkElgEtfa ´)anR)ab;Kat;GMBI
GtßbTkareGonRkhmmux. minEmnCaGVIEdl´)ansresrR)ab;ÉgeT. ´R)ab;Kat;fa Kat;nwgkan;
Etrwgbuwg enAeBlKat;kan;Etcas;TMueTA.
enAyb;enaH édkyMelIERKeLIgehImEPñk edaymin[nrNa)anB¤ýMeLIy. KMnitEdlfa
´RtÚvEtGgVr[ pitF½r CYy kMBugEtke®Ba¢alkñúgxøÜn´. b:uEnþmnusSeyIgesÞIrEth‘aneFVIGVIRKb;y:ag
TaMgGs; edIm,IbMeBjbMNgrbs;BYkeK. ]TahrN_ dUcĆaedIm ´)anseRmccitþfanwgeTAelg
CamYy pitF½r [kan;Etjwkjab; ehIyTak;Taj[Kat;ny i ayCamYy´tammeFüa)ayNamYyenaH.
ÉgminRtÚvKitfa ´)ak;citþRslaj; pitF½r eT eRBaH´min)aneFVIdUecñHeLIy. ebIRKÜsar v:an;
daGan minmankUnRbús ehIyEbrCamankUnRsIvijenaH ´muxCaBüayamcgmitþCamYynag)at;eTA
ehIy.
enARBwkenH ´PJak;BIdMeNkmunem:agR)aMBIrbnþic. ńwkeXIjPøamdl;subinkalBIyb;mij.
enAkñúgsubinenaH ´kMBugEtGgÁúyelIekAGImYy ehIyenATl;mux´ KW pitF½r>>>pitF½r sÁIhV. eyIg
kMBugEtebIkemIlesovePArUbKMnUrrbs; m:arI bUs. karyl;sbþei naHrs;revIkNas; rhUtdl;´Gac
caMrbU KMnrU xøHpg. b:Eu nþmni Tan;cb;eT karyl;sbþmi anbnþeTot. EPñkrbs; pitF½r )anb:HCamYyEPñk´
mYyrMeBc ehIy´)ansmøwgemIly:agyUreTAkan;EkvEPñkBN’etñatd¾RsTn;rbs;Kat;. eRkaymk
« »
Kat;niyayy:agTn;Pøn;fa ebI´dwgG‘Ícwg ´mkrk Gan; taMgBIyUrehIy¡ ´)anEbrxøÜnecjPøameday
sarrMePIbcitþxøaMgeBk. ehIybnÞab;mk ´manGarmμN_famansac;f<al;Tn;Pøn;nigRtCak;mkb:HCamYy
sac;f<al;´. ehIy´manGarm~N_l¥Nas; l¥EmnETn>>>.
enAeBlenaH ´)anPJak;dwgxøÜnedayenAEtmanGarmμN_fa f<al;Kat;b:HCamYyf<al;énAeLIy
154 Gan;E®hVg
ehIyEPñkBN’etñat)ansmøwgcak;edatcMebHdUgrbs;ý:ageRCArhUtdl;´Gacyl;BITMhMénesckþI
esñhad¾FMeFgrbs;ćMeBaHKat;. énAEtmanGarmμN_xøaMgEbbenH. CafμImþgeTot TwkEPñk)anhUr
ecjBIEPñkrbs;´ ehIyeFVI[ésakesAéRkElg eRBaH´RtÚv)at;bg;Kat;CafμImþgeTot. b:uEnþ
TnÞmw eBlenaH ´k¾sb,aycitEþ dr eRBaH´dwgy:agR)akdfa pitF½r enAEtCamnusSEtmñak;Kt;sRmab;
´.
vaKYr[cg;esIc b:uEnþCajwkjab; ´manrUbPaBrs;revIkEbbenHenAkñúgkaryl;sbþirbs;´.
yb;mYy ´)aneXIjeRhÁmmI* y:agc,as;RkELtrhUtdl;´GacdwgBIEs,kTn;RCIvRCÜjrbs;Kat;
EfmeTot. eBlxøHýl;fa eRhÁnm:ahak;dUcCaeTBGbSrtamEfrkSa´. ehIybnÞab;mkKW
haeNlI EdlcMeBaHńagCanimitþrUbénkarQWcab;rbs;bNþamitþ´RBmTaMgCnCatiCVIhVTaMgGs;.
dUecñHenAeBl´bYgsYg[nag ´k¾bYgsYg[CnCatiCVIhVTaMgGs; nigGñkRkIRkTaMgBYgEdr.
ehIy\LÚv pitF½r CaTIRslaj;bMputrbs;´. ´minEdlmanrUbPaBc,as;EbbenHenAkñúg
GarmμN_eT. eTaH´KμanrUbftNamYyrbs;Kat; k¾´GacemIleXIjKat; GU+¡ c,as;EmnETn.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶suRk TI7 Exmkra qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
ĆamnusSqáÜtEbbenH. éPøcfa ´minTan;)anR)ab;ÉgGMBIerOgesñhaBitmYyrbs;énA
eLIyeT.
enAeBlĆakumarItcU mñak; enAmetþyüsala ćUlciteþ kμgRbúsmñak;eQμaH sallI KImEml.
«Bukrbs;Kat;)anEckzaneTAehIy. Kat;nigmþayrbs;Kat;)anrs;enACamYymIgmñak;. bgb¥Ún
CIdUnmYymñak;kñúgcMeNambgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYyrbs; sallI KWCaekμgRbúsmñak;s¥atsgða ragesþIg sk;
exμA ehIymaneQμaHfa eGbPI EdleRkaymk Kat;manrUbragdUcCataraPaBynþd¾KYr[Rslaj;
ehIyeFVI[mankares¶IcsresIreRcInCag sallI EdlmanragTab Fat;knþúl KYr[cg;esIc.
Gs;ry³eBly:agyUr eyIg)aneTANamkNaCamYyKñaRKb;kEnøg b:uEnþeRkABIenaH karRslaj;
rbs;´min)antbsñgmkvijeT rhUt pitF½r )ancUlmkkñúgpøÚvrbs;´. ´mankarRslaj;\tlak;
elomcMeBaHrUbKat;. Kat;k¾cUlcitþÉdr ehIyeyIgminEdlEbkKñaeLIyeBjmYyrdUvekþA. énA
EtnwkeXIjenAeLIynUvkaredIrkan;édKñakat;muxGñkCitxagrbs;eyIg. pitF½r esøókBak;exaGav
kMebøBN’s ehIyésøókBak;exaGavxøIsRmab;rdUvekþA. enAcugvisSmkalrdUvekþA Kat;)aneLIgfñak;

TIR)aMBIr cUleronsalamFümsikSa edayELkéronfñak;TIR)aMmYyenAsalabzmsiSa. Kat;)an
mkTTYlénApÞH ebIminG‘ÍcwgeTéTATTYlKat;vij. pitF½r KWCaekμgRbúsmanKtibNÐit. Kat;man
ragx<s; s¥at esþIg ehIyTwkmuxnwgFwg muWgm:at; nigQøasév. Kat;mansk;BN’exμA EPñkBN’etñat
f<al;Rkhm nigRcmuHRsYcs¥at. ´gb;gulnwgsñamjjwmrbs;Kat;EdleFVI[Kat;dUcCaekμgRbús
nigKYr[Rslaj;y:agxøaMg.
´)anecjeTACnbTenAGMLúgeBlvisSmkalrdUvekþA ehIyenAeBl´ RtLb;mkvij pitF½r
ElgenAGasydæancas;eTotehIy. Kat;)anerIpHÞ ehIyeTArs;enACamYyyuvCnmñak;EdlmanGayu
cas;CagKat;y:ageRcIn. yuvCnenHTMngCaR)ab;Kat;fa ´RKan;EtCakUnekμgmñak;b:ueNÑaH eRBaH
pitF½r ElgmkCYb´. ´Rslaj;Kat;rhUtdl;´mincg;RbQmmuxnwgkarBit. écHEttametag
Kat;rhUtdl;TIbBa©b; enAéf¶mYy´)andwgfa³ ebIsinCa´bnþtamKat;eTot mnusSmñanwgcat;TukĆa
mnusSmñak;Qøk;nwgRbús².
CaeRcInqñaM)anknøgputeTA. pitF½r cUlcitþesBKb;CamYyRsI²GayuRs)al²Kat; ehIy
« »
ElgxVl;niyayBakü sYsþI rak;Tak;dak;´. ´)ancUleronenAsala ehIyRbús²CaeRcInenAkñgú
fñak;´)ancab;cti Rþ slaj;´. éBjcitcþ eM BaHerOgenH ehIymanGarmμNm_ ankity
iþ sedaykaryk
« »
citþTukdak;rbs;BYkeK b:uEnþÉq¥tehIy. bnÞab;mkBakü sYsþI RtÚv)aneKcUlcitþniyaymkrk´
b:uEnþdUc´)anR)ab;ÉgehIyfa ´min)anRslaj;GñkNaeToteT.
« »
manPasitmYyeBalfa eBlevlanwgpSHpSamuxrbYs . CIvitrbs;´vadUecñHÉg. ´)an
R)ab;xøÜnÉgfa ´)anbMePøc pitF½r ehIymincUlcitþKat;bnþicNaeT. b:uEnþkarcgcaMrbs;ćMeBaHrUb
Kat;manTMhMFMeFgrhUtdl;´RtÚvEtsarPaBcMeBaHxøÜnÉgfa ehtuplEtmYyKt;EdlÉlgcUlcitþ
Kat; KWfa´mancitRþ cENnnwgRsIepSgeTot. enARBwkenH ´smÁal;eXIjfaKμanGVpI aø s;brÚþ eT. pÞúyeTA
vij enAeBl´kan;EtmanGayueRcIn nigceRmIneBjv½yEmnETn esckþIRslaj;rbs;´)an
rIklUtlas;CamYyxøÜnÉdr. ´Gacyl;fa ehtuGVI)anCa pitF½r cat;TukĆakUnekμg b:uEnþvaenAEt
eFVI[´QWcab; enAeBl´Kitfa Kat;)anbMePøc´TaMgRsug. éXIjmuxKat;y:agc,as;RkELt.
´)andwgc,as;fa eRkABI pitF½r KμanrUbnrNamñak;Gacdk;Cab;enAkñúgGarmμN_rbs;ý:agenHeLIy.
enAéf¶enHGarmμN_rbs;´)ansßitenAkñúgsßanPaBRcbUkRcbl;TaMgRsug. enAeBl ):aefIb´
« »
evlaRBwk ćg;ERskfa GU+¡ ebI):aCa pitF½r eTAmanGI¡ . écHEtKitdl;Kat;Cab;rhUt ehIy´
156 Gan;E®hVg
«
)anxSwbdak;xøÜnÉgeBjmYyéf¶fa GU+¡ bgsmøaj; pitefl bgsmøaj; pitefl>>> . »
etI´GaceTArknrNa[CYy)an? ´RtÚvEtbnþrs;enA ehIybYgsYgdl;RBHCam©as;fa ebI

eyIgcakecjBIenH pitF½r nwgCYb´ ehIyKat;smøwgmkrkEkvEPñk´ ehIyyl;BIesckþIesñhaenA
«
kñúgEkvEPñk´ nigniyayfa GU+¡ Gan; ebI´)andwg ńwgmkrknagyUrehIy . »
eBlmYyenAeBl):anig´kMBgu BiPakSaerOgePT Kat;)anniyayfa énAekμgeBk minTan;y ; l;

GMBIcMNg;pøÚvePTeT. b:uEnþńwkKitfa ýl;BIerOgenH ehIy\LÚvenH ´R)akdkñúgcitþfa´BitCa
yl;. enAeBlenH KμanGVIEdl´Rslaj;dUcRslaj; pitefl CaTIRslaj;rbs;éT¡.
´)anqøúHkBa©k;emIlmuxxøÜnÉg ehIyeXIjmanlkçN³EbøkBIFmμtaNas;. EPñkrbs;´PøW
c,as;nigxUgeRCA f<al;rbs;´RkhmeRBÓg²dUcpáakUlab EdlvaminFøab;G‘ÍcwgGs;ry³eBleRcIn
s)aþhm_ kehIy. cMENkmat;rbs;´Tn;CagmuneRcIn. ´sb,aycitþ b:Eu nþmanGVmI y Y d¾KrY [eRkómRkM
)anekIteLIgEdleFVI[PaBjjwmrbs;´rlay)at;eTAvijPøam². ´minsb,aycitþeRBaH´dwgfa
pitefl minKitdl;´ ehIyénAEtemIleXIjEPñkd¾s¥atrbs;Kat;smøwgmkrk´ ehIyf<al;d¾Tn;
rbs;Kat;bH: nwgf<al;´>>>GU¡+ pitefl/ pitefl etI´RtÚveFVdI cU emþckM[u ecHEtRsémeXIjrUbPaBrbs;
Gñk? etIKμannrNamñak;GacmkeFVICamnusSCMnYsGñk)aneTb¤? ´Rslaj;GñkedaykþIRslaj;d¾
EsnFMeFg rhUtdl;ÉlgGacTb;citþminbNþúHesñh_enH)an b:uEnþ´RtÚvEtlatRtdagvay:ageBj
TMhwg.
«
ebImYys)aþh_mun b¤sUm,IEtmYyéf¶knøgeTA enAeBlÉg)ansYr´fa etImitþPkþiTMngbMputNa
» «
mñak;EdlGñknwgerobkarCamYyenaH? ńwgeqøIyfa sallI eRBaHrs;enAEk,rKat;eFVI[´man
»
GarmμN_l¥ mansnþiPaB nigesckþIsux¡ . b:uEnþ enAeBlenH ńwgERskfa pitefl eRBaH´«
»
Rslaj;Kat;Gs;BIdYgcitþ nigdYgRBlwg. ćuHcaj;xøÜnÉgTaMgRsug¡ . elIkElgEtsRmab;erOg
mYyenaH³ Kat;GacsÞabGEg¥lf<al;´ b:uEnþerOgenaHmanRBMEdnrbs;va.
enAeBlRBwkmij ´Rsémfa énAbnÞb;Cab;dMbUlxagelICamYy pitefl. eyIgGgÁúyenA
elI\dæEk,rbg¥Üc ehIybnÞab;BIniyay)anmYysnÞúH eyIgTaMgBIrnak;k¾cab;epþImyM. mYysnÞúH
eRkaymk´)anTTYlGarmμN_b:Hmat; nigf<al;d¾Gs©arürbs;Kat;. GU+¡ pitefl sUmGñkmkCYb´.
sUmGñkKitGMBI´pg pitefl CaTIRslaj;bMputrbs;´¡
éf¶BuF TI12 Exmkra qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
taMgBIBIrs)aþh_mkehIyEdl ebb )anRtLb;mkCYbBYkeyIgvij eTaHbICaTal;Ets)aþh_
eRkay eTIbbgRsIrbs;Kat;GnuBaØat[Kat;vli RtLb;mksalavijk¾eday. ebb )aneKgenAelIERK
Gs;ry³eBlBIréf¶ edaysarekItCMgWpþasayF¶n;F¶r. emob nig eCn k¾minTan;)anmkGs;ry³
eBlBIréf¶Edr edaymanbBaðaRkBHminRsYl.
´\LÚvkMBugEtgb;nwgkarraMnigr)aM)aeL ehIy´)anhat;QaneCIgraMy:agykcitþTukdak;Ca
erogral;l¶ac. ´)anykGavRkNat;):ak;rbs;m:ak;mkedreFVICasemøókbMBak;raMrbs;´. GavenH
mancgExSenAelIsudn;bnþic. ExSbUBN’páaQUkRtÚv)ancgenAEpñkelIbg¥s;. ´BüayameFVIEs,k
eCIgelgetnñIs[eTACaEs,keCIgraMr)aM)aeL b:uEnþminGaceFVI)an. eCIgrwgqáWtrbs;´k¾cab;epþIm
Gacbt;)andUcFmμta. karhat;d¾KYr[xøacenaH KWRtÚvGgÁúyenAelI\dæykédcab;EkgeCIg ehIy
elIkeLIgelI. ´RtÚvGgÁúyelIexñIy eRBaHfaebIBMuenaHeT xñgd¾Gn;rbs;ć,as;CaQWBMuxan.
«
mnusSRKb;Kañ enATIenH kMBgu EtGanesovePAmYyk,al EdlmancMNgeCIgfa RBwkKμanBBk . »
m:ak;KitfaesovePAenHl¥xøaMgNas; eRBaHvaBiBN’naGMBIbBaðamnusSeBjv½y. ´hak;dUcCaGs;

«
sMeNIcbnþic ehIyKitEtmñak;Égfa ehtuGVIk¾m:ak;mincab;GarmμN_[kan;EteRcIneLIgcMeBaHkUneBj
v½ypÞal;rbs;Kat;CamunsineTA? .»
´Kitfam:ak;eCOfa m:ahÁút nig´ manTMnak;TMngl¥CamYy«Bukmþayrbs;BYkeyIgCagnrNa

TaMgGs;enAkñúgBiPBelakTaMgmUlenH ehIyeCOfaKμanmþayNaxVl;nwgCIvitrbs;kUndUcCarUbKat;
eLIy. Kat;c,as;CacgcaMbgRsIrbs;énAkñúgGarmμN_rbs;Kat; eRBaHéCOfa m:ahÁút minman
bBaðanigKMnitdUcéT. ´sßitenATItaMgd¾Esnq¶ayedIm,IbgðajR)ab;m:ak;fa kUnRsIrbs;Kat;mñak; min
manGVIdUcKat;)anKitTal;EtesaH. Kat;Pan;RcLMTaMgRsug. eTaHy:agNakþI Kat;minGacpøas;bþÚr)an
eT. ćg;[m:ak;rmY TTYlTukeç RkómRkMenaH CaBiess eRBaH´dwgfaGV²I RKb;ya: gnwgenAEtdEdl. m:ak;
manGarmμN_fa m:ahÁút Rslaj;Kat;xøaMgCag´Rslaj;Kat;q¶ayNas;. b:uEnþ Kat;Kitfa éTIbEt
kMBugqøgkat;dMNak;kalmYyb:ueNÑaH.
m:ahÁút kan;Etl¥xøaMgeLIg. Kat;EbøkeRcInCagBIeBlmun. \LÚvenH Kat;swgEtElgxUceTot
ehIy ehIykMBugEtkøayeTACamitþBitR)akdmñak;. Kat;k¾ElgKitfa ĆaekμgtUcEdlminKYrykcitþ
Tukdak;eTotEdr.
158 Gan;E®hVg
vaKYr[cg;esIcEmn eBlxøH émIlmkxøÜnÉgdUcGñkepSgemIlmkÉdr. ´smøwgemIltam

« »
sRmÜlcMeBaHmnusSmñak;EdlmaneQμaHfa Gan; E®hVg ehIyGankMNt;ehtuCIvitrbs;nag
hak;dUcCanagCamnusSEdl´minEdlsÁal;.
muneBl´mkTIenH ´minEdlKitenHKitenaHdUcCa\LÚvenHeT ehIyCYnkal´manGarmμN_fa
´minEmnCasac;jatirbs;m:ak; BIm nig m:ahÁút eT ehIyEtgEtyl;fa xøÜnĆaGñkeRkAeTAvij.
eBlxøH´)aneTAq¶ayGs;ry³eBlR)aMmy Y Ex ehIy)aneFVxI nÜø dUcCakUnkMRBa. eRkaymk ´)andak;
TNÐkmμxøÜnÉgsRmab;karedIreFVICaCnrgeRKaH enAeBlEdlxøÜn´BitCamansMNagbMput. bnÞab;BI
enaH´)anbgçMxøÜnÉg[ecHrak;Tak;Gs;mYyry³kal. Caerogral;RBwk enAeBl´B¤sMeLgeCIgenA
« »
CeNþIr ´sgÇwmfaenaHR)akdCam:ak;Edlmkniyay GruNsYsþI dak;´. ńwgsVaKmn_Kat;y:ag
kk;ekþA eRBaHvaeFVI[´rIkrayedayBitR)akdcMeBaHRkEsEPñkrbs;Kat;EdlsmøwgemIl´Rbkb
edaykarRslaj;fñak;fñm. b:uEnþeRkaymk Kat;)anniyayy:agKMeraHKMerIydak;´ edaysarEt
´)anniyayGVImYyb¤k¾eFVIGVIepSgeTot. ´k¾ecjeTAsalaeronTaMgkarGak;Gn;citþ. enAtampøÚv
RtLb;mkpÞHvij ´RbwgrkelssRmab;edaHsaCamYyKat; ehIyńiyayR)ab;xøÜnÉgfa Kat;man
kar)armÖeRcInNas;. ´)anvilRtLb;mkpÞHvijy:agsb,aycitþ ehIyCECkelgy:ageRcIn
rhUtdl;eBlerOgr:avenAeBlRBwkekIteLIgCafμIeTot ehIy´keNþótkabUbesovePAcakecjBI
bnÞb;eTATaMgTwkmuxeRkómRkM. eBlxøH´)antaMgcitþenAEteFVIxwgCanic© b:uEnþeRkaymk ´manerOg
niyayCaeRcInbnÞab;BIeronrYcrhUtdl;éPøckartaMgcitþrbs;´ ehIycg;[m:ak;bBaÄb;kargarEdl
Kat;kMBugeFVI rYcykRtecokmksþab;ńiyaymþg. bnÞab;mk eBlevlaenaH)anmkdl;mþgeTot
enAeBlÉlgsþab;sRmibeCIgenAelIkaMCeNþIr ehIymanGarmμN_keNþackENþg rYceKgyMdak;
exñIyerogral;yb;.
enATIenH GVI²RKb;y:agkan;EtGaRkk;xøaMgeLIg. b:uEnþÉg)andwgehIyGMBIerOgenaH. \LÚv
RBHCam©as;)anbBa¢ÚnmnusSmñak;[mkCYyéhIy. eKenaHKW pitfl. ´GEg¥lbenþagExSkrbs;´
«
ykvamkdak;elIbbUrmat; ehIyKitfa éTAxVlG; ¡IV pitefl Carbs;éTAehIy. KμannrNadwg
»
eT¡ . edayKitdUecñH ´GacrYcputBIBaküsmþIGsursTaMgGs;. etImnusSNamñak;enATIenHnwg
sgS½yfamanerOgeRcInNas;kMBugvilvl;enAkñúgKMnitekμgRsIv½yCMTg;dUcrUbénH?

XIFI smøaj;/
ýl;fa BMumanehtuplNamYyEdl´RtÚvbnþGFib,ayGMBICemøaH nigkarTas;ETgKñaTaMgGs;
rbs;eyIg[l¥itl¥n;Kμansl;enaHeT. valμmRKb;RKan;ehIyEdl´)anR)ab;ÉgBIerOgeyIgEbg
EckKñanUvvtßúCaeRcIn dUcCasac; xøaj;nigeRbg ehIyeyIgkMBugEtecondMLÚgrbs;eyIgerog²xøÜn.
enAeBlfμI²enH eyIg)anjúaMnMb½ugbEnßmbnþic eRBaHRtwmem:agbYn eyIgXøanGahareBll¶acxøaMg
Nas;eTAehIy swgEtRTaMrmUreBaHmin)an.
éf¶xYbkMeNItrbs;m:ak;kMBugEtcUlmkdl;y:agqab;rh½s. Kat;)anTTYlsárbEnßmeTotBI
elak XuKø½r EdlbNþal[mankarRcENnBIsMNak;RKÜsar v:an; daGan eRBaHelakRsI v:an; daGan
Gt;)anTTYlGVeI saHBIelak XuKr½ø enAéf¶xbY kMeNItrbs;Kat;. b:Eu nþetIvamanRbeyaCn_GeIV TA EdléFVI
[ÉgFujRTan;edaysarEtBaküeRKatRKat karsnÞnad¾KYr[s¥b;ex<ImnigTwkEPñk enAeBlÉgdwgfa
vaeFVI[eyIgFujCagenHeTAeTotenaH?
m:ak;)anmanbMNgR)afñamYyEdlminTMngfanwgkøayeTACakarBitenAeBlqab;²enHeT.
karR)afñaenaH KWmincg;eXIjmuxrbs;elak v:an; daGan ry³eBlBIrs)aþh_eBjEtmþg. ńwkq¶l;
fa etImnusSRKb;rUbEdlrs;enApÞHCamYyKña minyUrminqab;RtÚvEteQøaHKñab¤?. b¤k¾vaRKan;EtCa
sMNagGaRkk;rbs;BYkeyIg? dMNaleBlEdl DusEsl ykTwkRClk;eFVIBITwkGaMgsac;Gs;mYy
PaKbYn ehIyEdleFV[I eyIgxVHTwkRClk; ´k¾Elgcg;jaú sM TI¥ aMgGs; ehIymanGarmμNc_ g;EtsÞHú eLIg
vayKat;[xÞatBIekAGIrYccab;e)aHKat;eTAtambg¥Üc.
etImnusSPaKeRcInbMputsuT§EtkMNaj; nigKitEtBIxøÜnÉgb¤? ´)anyl;kan;EtsuICeRmAGMBI
sarCatirbs;mnusS cab;taMgBI´)anmkenATIenH. vaCakarl¥sRmab;´ b:Eu nþenAeBlenHvaRKb;RKan;
ehIysRmab;´. pitF½r k¾niyayG‘ÍcwgEdr.
s®gÁamnwgmanbnþeTot eTaHbICaeyIgeQøaHKña nigR)afñacg;)anesrIPaBnigxül;Gakas
brisuT§kþI. dUecñHeyIgRtÚvEtsñak;enATIenH[)anl¥bMput.
´sURtFm’ b:uEnþ´k¾eCOEdrfa ebIsinCa´rs;enATIenHrwtEtyUrteTAeTot ńwgrIgérminxan.
ehIyGVIEdlćg;)anenaHKWkøayCaekμgRsICMTg;mñak;EdlesμaHRtg;cMeBaHRBHCam©as;.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
160 Gan;E®hVg
l¶acéf¶BuF TI19 Exmkra qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
´mindwgfa vamkBIehtuGeIV LIy b:Eu nþ´)ansmÁal;eXIjminQb;fa bnÞab;BkI aryl;sbþri bs;´
´mankarpøas;bþÚr. niyayG‘Ícwg ´)anyl;sbþieXIj pitF½r CafμImþgeTotkalBIyb;mij ehIymþg
enHeTot ´manGarmμN_fa EkvEPñkrbs;Kat;)anRt)aj;cUlkñúgEkvEPñkrbs;´ b:uEnþsubinenHmin
sUvc,as;eT ehIyk¾minEp¥mElðmdUckaryl;sbþiBIelIkmunEdr.
ÉgdwgehIyfa ÉtgEtRcENncMeBaHTMnak;TMngrbs; m:ahÁút CamYy):aCanic©. minman
sl;danénkarRcENnrbs;éTenAeBlenH. énAEtmanGarmμN_QWcab; eBlEdl):abeNþay
«
xøÜn[manGarmμN_minsmehtuplcMeBaH´ b:uEnþeRkaymk´Kitfa ´minGacbenÞasKat;EdleFVIdUc
enHeT. Kat;niyayeRcInNas;GMBIkarKitrbs;ekμg² nigmnusSeBjv½y b:uEnþKat;Gt;)andwgerOg
»
sMxan;elxmYyGMBIvaenaHeLIy . ´R)afñacg;)aneRcInhYsBIRKan;EtmankarRslaj;fñak;fñm
»befIbrbs;):aeTAeTot. etIvaKYr[xøacb¤Edl´gb;gulKitEtBIxøÜnÉg? etIÉdlcg;eFVImnusSl¥
nigcitþFm’ minKYrGt;»n[eKmuneTb¤? ´k¾GP½yeTas[m:ak;Edr b:uEnþRKb;eBlEdlKat;eBalbBaÄW
citþ nigesIccMGk[´ ´GaceFVI)anRtwmEtb:uNÑwgeT edIm,ITb;citþxøÜnÉg. ´dwgfa énAXøatq¶ayBIGVI
Edl´KYreFVI. etIńwgeTACay:agenHrhUtb¤?
Gan; E®hVg
esckþIbEnßm ):a)ansYrfa etI´)anR)ab;ÉgGMBIerOgnMexkeT. sRmab;éf¶xYbkMeNIt
rbs;m:ak; Kat;)anTTYlnMexkmYyBIkariyal½y. vaCaTivad¾l¥y:agBitR)akd¡ b:uEnþ enAxN³enH
xYrk,alrbs;´KμankEnøgesssl;edIm,IKitdUecñHeT.

XIFI smøaj;/
etIÉgGacR)ab;´)aneT ehtuGVI)anCamnusSeyIgKitEvgq¶ayemø:H rhUtdl;lak;)aMgFatu
Bitrbs;eKpÞal;? b¤k¾ehtuGVI)anCa´manb£kBaepSgenAeBlEdlénAkñúgcMeNamGñkdéT?
ehtuGVImnusSmankarTukcitþtictYcemø:H cMeBaHmnusSmñak;epSgeTot? ´dwgfa vac,as;Caman
ehtupl. ´KitfavaKYr[xøacEmnEdlÉgminGaceCOTukcitþnrNamñak; sUm,IEtGñkEdlCitsñiT§
bMputCamYyÉgk¾eday.
´hak;dUcCadwgxøÜnfa ´)anFMeBjv½yehIy cab;taMgBIyb;Edl´)anyl;sbþienaH.

´hak;dUcCakan;EtÉkraCü. ÉgnwgPJak;ep¥IlenAeBl´R)ab;Égfa sUm,IEtGtþcritrbs;ćMeBaH
RKÜsar v:an; daGan k¾pøas;bþÚrEdr. ´Qb;BicarNakarBiPakSa nigCemøaHtamTsSn³lMeGog
rbs;éTotehIy. etIGVIEdlnaM[mankarpøas;bþÚrEbbenH? Égyl;eT ´)andwgPøam²fa
ebIm:ak;xusEbøkBIenH b¤ebIKat;Cam:ak;BitR)akd TMnak;TMngrbs;eyIgnwgEbøkxusBIenHq¶ayNas;.
elakRsI v:an; daGan KμanpøÚvRtÚvcat;TukCamnusSGs©arüeT b:uEnþCemøaHnwgGackat;bnßy)an
Bak;kNþal ebIsinCam:ak;minEmnCamnusSBi)akniyayniggaycUlxøÜneTAkñúgkarniyayerOgEdl
qab;qabeqHCaCemøaH. elakRsI v:an; daGan KμancMNcu l¥Rtg;NamYyeT b:Eu nþÉgGacniyayCamYy
Kat;)an. Kat;GacCamnusSKitEtRbeyaCn_xøÜnÉg kMNaj; nigmineTogRtg; b:uEnþKat;nwgeRtóm
xøÜnCaeRscedIm,IKitKUrGVImYyeLIgvij ebIminmannrNabgáerOgcak;cucKat; ehIyeFVI[Kat;man
GarmμN_minsmehtupl. esñótenHminsuT§Et)ankarrhUtRKb;eBleT b:uEnþebIÉgecHGt;Fμt;
ÉgGacbnþBüayamcaMemIlfa etIÉgnwgQandl;TIbBa©b;EbbNa.
CemøaHTaMgBYgGMBIkarciBa©wmBYkeyIg GMBIkarminfñak;fñmkUn GMBIGahar b¤niyay[Gs;eTAenaH
KWGMBIGVI²RKb;y:ag GacnwgERbCamanrUbPaBepSg ebIeyIgmancitþebIkcMh ehIyrak;Tak;eday
minemIleXIjTidæPaBGaRkk;bMputCanic©rhUtenaH.
«
´dwgc,as;nUvGVIEdlÉgnwgniyay XIFI. b:uEnþ Gan; etITaMgenHBitCasmþIecjBIbbUrmat;
rbs;Égb¤? ecjBImat;ÉgEdlRtÚvs‘URTaMnwgBaküminl¥CaeRcInBIGñkenACan;xagelI? ecjBI
mat;GñkEdldwgGMBIGyutþiFm’TaMgGs;enaH? »
b:Eu nþBaküTaMgenHkMBgu EtecjBImat;´. ćg;Bni ti üemIlGV²I TaMgGs;CafμI ehIybeBa©jeyabl;

pÞal;rbs;´ edayminyktRmab;tam«Bukmþay´ dUcsuPasitmYyEdleBalfa søwkeQIRCúHmin «
»
q¶ayBIKl; eT. ćg;BinitüemIleLIgvijcMeBaHRKÜsar v:an; daGan ehIyseRmccitþxøÜnÉgfa GVI
BitnigGVIEdlbMepøIs. TIbBa©b; ebIsinCa´RtÚvxkcitþcMeBaHBYkeK ´Gackan;eCIgm:ak;nig):a. b:uEnþebI
epSgvij ´GacBüayampøas;bþÚrGtþcritrbs;BYkeK. ebIeFVIdUecñHenAEtmin)ankareTot ńwg
Rbkan;x¢ab;eyabl; nigkarvaytémøpÞal;rbs;´. ńwgeqøót»kasEdlmanedIm,IniyayCacMh
CamYyelakRsI v:an; daGan GMBIkarmincuHsRmugCaeRcInrbs;BYkeyIg ehIyminxøacnwgpþl;
eyabl;GBüaRkwtrbs;éLIy eTaHbI´Føab;maneQμaHfaCamnusSrbuilrb:Uc. ńwgminniyay
s¥GI aRkk;GBM RI KÜsarrbs;éT b:Eu nþenaHBMEu mnmann½yfa ńwgminkarBarBYkeKeLIy ebIsni mannrNa
162 Gan;E®hVg
mñak;epSgeToteFVIy:agenH. ehIymkdl;Rtwméf¶enH Tmøab;niyayedImeKrbs;´)ankøayCaerOg

GtItkal.
rhUtmkdl;RtwmeBlenH éCOTaMgRsugfa RKÜsar v:an; daGan TaMgmUlRtÚvsþbI enÞasmYyEpñk
FMcMeBaHCemøaHTaMgLayEdlekItman b:uEnþ\LÚvenH´R)akdkñúgcitþfa eyIgk¾mankMhusmYyEpñkFM
Edr. Tak;TgnwgbBaðaTaMgGm,alm:anenHeyIgGt;xuseT b:uEnþ mnusSqøat ¬dUcCaBYkeyIg¡¦ KYrman
karriHKit[eRCACagenH edIm,IedaHRsayCamYyGñkdéT.
´sgÇwmfa³ ´xøÜnÉg y:agehacNas;k¾)anyl;BIkarKitsuICeRmAenHEdr ehIysgÇwmfa
ńwgrk»kasedIm,IykvamkeRbI[manRbeyaCn_.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶c½nÞ TI24 Exmkra qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
erOgd¾EsncEmøkmYyeTIbEt)anekItmancMeBaHrUb´. ¬ebIniyayfaekItyUrehIyk¾min
RtÚv¦.
kalBImun enAeBlNanrNamñak;enApÞHb¤enAsalaeron niyayGMBIerOgePTKWvamanlkçN³
sm¶at; b¤k¾KYr[ex<ImreGIm. BaküNaEdlTak;Tgdl;erOgePT RtÚv)aneKykmkniyayxSwbexSóv
ehIyekμgEdlmin)andwgGVIenaH RtÚv)aneKesIccMGk[. erOgenaH)aneFVI[ćEmøkcitþ ehIyCa
jwkjab;´q¶l;fa ehtuGVI)anCamnusSeyIglak;Gaf’kM)aMgnigKYr[s¥b; enAeBlEdlBYkeKniyay
GMBIRbFanbTenH. b:uEnþedaysar´minGacEkERbbBaða)an ńiyaytictYctamEdlxøÜnGaceFVI)an
b¤k¾saksYrBt’manBImitþPkþiRsIrbs;´.
«
bnÞab;BI´)anyl;dwgeRcIn m:ak;Føab;)anniyayCamYy´mþgfa Gan; m:ak;sMupþl;dMbUn~andl;
kUnmü:ag. kMuniyayerOgenHCamYyRbús²[esaH ehIyebIBYkeKbegðIberOgenHeLIg kUnÉgkMu
»
eqøIyGI .
« » «
énAcaMy:agc,as;nUvcemøIyrbs;´fa kUnBitCanwgminniyayeT . RsémeTA¡ ´min)an »
niyayGIeToteT.
enAeBleyIgmklak;xøÜnCaelIkdMbUg Cajwkjab; ):a)anR)ab;´GMBIerOgr:avCaeRcIn
EdlćUlcitþsþab;CageK KWerOgm:ak; ehIy´)aneronsURtEfmeTotBIesovePA b¤k¾karsnÞna
CamYymitþPkþi.
pitF½r v:an; daGan minCas¥be; x<mI RbFanbTenHdUcCasisSRbúsdéTeTotenAÉsalaeroneT.
b¤k¾s¥b;Etmþgb¤BIrdgb:ueNÑaH enAeBldMbUg. b:uEnþKat;minEdlBüayambBa©úHbBa©Úl[ńiyayerOg
enHeT. elakRsI v:an; daGan Føab;R)ab;eyIgfa Kat;minEdl)anniyayerOgenHCamYypitF½reT
ehIyebItamdwgenaH sVamIrbs;Kat;k¾min)anniyayEdr. Kat;TMngCamindwgfa pitF½r )andwgerOg
enHkRmitNa b¤k¾etIKat;)andwgBINamkeT.
kalBImSilmij enAeBl m:ahÁút pitF½r nig´ kMBugEtcitsMbkdMLÚg karsnÞnamancMNuc
«
xøH)ancUldl;erOgrbs; bUc. ´)anecaTsYrfa eyIgenAEtminR)akdfaetI bUc CaqμaeQμal
b¤k¾qμajI EmneT? »
«
Kat;eqøIyfa BitehIy eyIgdwg. bUc KWCaqμa)a . »
«
ćab;epþImesIc. minEmnCaqμaeQμaleT eRBaHvaepIm¡ . »
pitF½r nig m:ahÁút k¾esIcRBmKñaBIerOgenH. ÉgdwgehIyfa kalBImYyExb¤BIrExknøgeTA

pitF½r )anR)ab;eyIgfa bUc nwgmankUnqab;²enH eRBaHeBaHrbs;vaeLIgFMy:agc,as;. eTaH
y:agNakþI eBaHe):agrbs; bUc KWbNþalmkBIq¥wgEdlva)ansuI. KμankUnqμakñúgeBaHvaenaHeT. Kμan
s¥IbRmúgnwgekItmkeT. pitF½r manGarmμN_RtÚvkarBarxøÜnÉgcMeBaHkarecaTRbkan;rbs;´. mk «
CamYy´. Gan; GacnwgdwgedayxøÜnÉg. éf¶mYy ´)anRbElgCamYyva. éXIjy:agc,as;fa

»
vaCaqμaeQμal .
edayminGacTb;citþcg;dwg)an ´)anedIreTAkan;XøaMgCamYyKat;. b:uEnþ bUc min)anenATIenaH
eT ehIymindwgCavaeTANaeLIy. eyIgenAcaMGs;mYysnÞúH b:uEnþenAeBlRtCak; eyIg)aneLIg
eTACan;xagelIvij.
bnÞab;mk enAeBlresolenaH ´)anB¤sMeLg pitF½r cuHeRkamCaelIkTIBIr. ´)anRbmUl
esckþIkøahanedIm,IedIrkat;pÞHd¾s¶at;Etmñak;Ég ehIy)aneTAdl;XøaMg. bUc sßitenAelItu elg
CamYy pitF½r EdleRtómCaeRscedIm,Ibgðaj´.
« »
sYsþI etI Gan; cg;emIlb¤? niyaycb; Kat;)anelIkqμaeLIgcab;vap¶ar Kat;)ancab;k,al
«
nigRkjaMeCIgvay:agsÞat;CMnajehIyk¾cab;epþImbgðaj´. enHKWCasrIragÁePTeQμal enHKWmmIs
va ehIyenHCaKUTva . »
qμark¾ERbxñgeRkakQrelIeCIgtUc²BN’srbs;va.
164 Gan;E®hVg
ebIsinCayuvCnepSgeTot cg¥úlsrIragÁePTeQμalR)ab;´ ńwgminh‘ansmøwgemIlmuxGñk

enaHCaelIkTIBIreT. b:uEnþ pitF½r )anbnþniyaykñúgsMeLgFmμtaGMBIRbFanbTd¾Bi)akenH.
Kat;k¾minmanbMNgepSg²eRkABIcg;R)ab;´[dwgEdr. enAeBlKat;niyaycb; ´k¾manGarmμN_dUc
Fmμta. eyIgelgCamYy bUc eyIgsb,ay eyIgCECkKñabnþicbnþÜc ehIyTIbMputeyIgk¾beNþIrKña
Rtsgkat;tamXøaMgd¾Evgeq<aHeTArkTVar.
« etIGñkenATIenHeT enAeBleKBüa)alqμa mUsQI? »
« )aTBitehIy. vaminyUrb:unμaneT. eKBitCacak;fñaMs<wk[va . »
« etIeKmanyks¥IecjeT? »
« eT RKÚeBTüstVRKan;Etkat;TgBgsVasvab:ueNÑaH. mineXIjmanGVIenAxageRkAeT . »
´RtÚvEtRbmUlesckþIkøahanedIm,IecaTsYrsMNYrmYy eRBaHvaminFmμtadUc´KiteT. pitF½r «
eháeslsal CaPasaGaløWm:g; mann½yfasrIragÁePTminG‘Ícwgb¤? b:uEnþePTRbús nigRsIman

»
eQμaHxusKña .
« »
´k¾dwgEdr .
« srIragÁePTRsI KWrn§eyanI b:uEnþ´mindwgfa etIrbs;mnusSRbúseKehAfaem:ceT . »
« »
yI¡
«
´)anniyayfa GU+¡ EmnehIy etIeyIgeFVIem:ceTIbdwgBaküenH? PaKeRcInbMput GñkRKan;
Et)anRbTHvaedayécdnüb:ueNÑaH . »
« ehtuGIV caMsni eTA)aneT? ńwgsYr):am:ak;´ BYkKat;dgw eRcInCag´ nigmanbTBiesaFn_Cag´ . »
eyIg)anmkdl;kaMCeNþIrehIy dUecñHeyIgmin)anniyayGVIeToteT.
ca+s¡ vaBitCa)anekIteLIgEmn. ´minEdlniyayCamYyekμgRsINamñak;GMBIerOgenH
edaymansMeLgFmμtaG‘cÍ gw eT. ´k¾R)akdfa m:ak;mni cg;GcÍ‘ gw Edr eRBaHKat;)anRBman´GMBeI kμgRbús.
bnþmkeTot enAéf¶enH KW´manlkçN³tamTmøab;dUcsBVdgTaMgGs;hñwg. enAeBlÉbreTA
Kitdl;karBiPakSarbs;BYkeyIg vaeFVI[´manGarmμN_cEmøkcitþ. b:uEnþ ´)andwgy:agehac
Nas;erOgmYy³ manmnusSv½yekμgCaeRcIneTotEdlmanePTpÞúyKña GacniyayKñaGMBIerOgenH
tamlkçN³Fmμtaedayminkuhk.
etI pitF½r nwgsYrsMNYrCaeRcIneTAkan;):am:ak;rbs;Kat;Edrb¤eT? etIKat;BitCamnusSdUc
kalmSilmijb¤?
GU+ etI´dwgGVIxøH?¡¡¡
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
enAkñúgry³eBlb:unμans)aþh_fμI²enH ćab;epþImmancMNUlcitþCaxøaMgdl;taragExSRsLay
snþtivgSnigraCvgS. ´)ancUldl;karsnñidæanfa³ enAeBlGñkcab;epþImeFVIkarRsavRCavGñkRtÚv
CIkKas;rkkan;EteRCAeTA²eTAdl;GtItkal. kareFVIy:agenH nwgnaM[GñkrkeXIjGVIEdlkan;Et
Gs©arüKYr[cab;GarmμN_EfmeTot.
eTaHbIýkcitþTukdak;hYsehtudl;kic©karsala ehIyGactamdankmμviFI b‘Íb‘ÍsuI hUm
sWvIs tamviTüú)aneRcInkþI k¾énAEtcMNayeBléf¶esAr_CaeRcIndg ecjeTArkemIlrUbtYkunyk
mkTukrhUt)aneRcInsnøwkNas;. elak XuKø½r )aneFVI[´sb,aycitþral;éf¶c½nÞ eday)anpþl;[
« »
ńUvTsSnavdþI kunnigelçan . smaCikRKÜsarEdlminsUvmanbTBiesaFn_Cajwkjab;Etgcat;Tuk
karbMeBjtambMNgxøÜnkMbuikkMb:ukEbbenH faCakarcMNayluy\tRbeyaCn_. CagenHeTAeTot
BYkeKBMEu mnminPJak;ep¥lI eT cMeBaHkarEdl´GacehAbBa¢eI QμaHsil,kry:ag\tex©aHenAkñgú ExSPaBynþ
NamYy eTaHbIvaknøgputeTAmYyqñaMehIykþI. ebb EdlEtgeTAemIlkunCajwkjab;CamYymitþ
Rbúsrbs;Kat;enAeBlnagQb;sRmak)anR)ab;´kalBIéf¶esAr_GMBIeQμaHEdlBYkeKnwgeTAemIl
ehIyeRkaymk ´bnþsURteQμaHsil,krnigsil,karinIsMxan;² nigniyaysac;erOgeLIgvij.
enAeBlfμI²enH m:ak;)ankt;smÁal;fa ´mincaM)ac;eTAemIlkuneTenAeBleRkayeTot eRBaH´dwgBI
eQμaHtarasEmþg nigsac;erOgy:agrt;mat;Gs;eTAehIyenaH.
enAeBlNak¾eday [EtédIrtRmg;mkedaymanm:Utsk;fμI ´GacemIldwgkarmineBjcitþ
enAelIépÞmuxrbs;BYkeK ehIy´R)akdkñúgcitþfa mannrNamñak;nwgsYrfa etItYkunmYyNaEdl´kMBug
BüayameFVIRtab;. BYkeKmineCOeT enAeBlńiyayfa enaHKWCakarécñRbDitrbs;´xøÜnÉgpÞal;.
Tak;TgnwgkareFVIsk; vaminGacenACab;Kg;vgSelIsBIknøHem:ageT. putBIknøHem:ag ´FujRTan;
sem,ImNas;nwgBaküsmþIrbs;BYkeK rhUtdl;´Rbjab;Rbjal;eTAkan;bnÞb;Twk ehIyeFVIsk;´[
mkenArYjdUcFmμtavij.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
166 Gan;E®hVg

XIFI smøaj;/
enARBwkenH ´kMBugEtq¶l;fa etIÉgFøab;manGarmμN_dUcstVeKaTMBaeGogeT EdlRtÚvTTYl
dMNwgeRkómRkMmþgehIymþgeTotrhUtdl;ÉgFujRTan;xøaMg cMeBaHerOgKYr[FujehIys¶abnig
sMNUmBrs¶at;²fa Gan; sUm[ÉgykGVIfμImkniyayeTA.
sMueTas ´dwgfa Égyl;eXIjfa vaKYr[FujEmn b:uEnþÉgsakKiteTAemIletIý:ab;citþ nig
FujRTan;dl;kRmitNa enAeBlEdlB¤erOgcas;dEdl²EbbenH. ebIsinCakarCECkenAeBl
)ayminniyayGMBIneya)ayb¤k¾Gaharq¶aj; eBlenaHm:ak;nigelakRsI v:an; daGan nwgnaMniyay
GMBIkumarPaBrbs;BYkKat;EdleyIgFøab;)ansþab;mYyBan;dgmkehIy b¤k¾ DusEsl bnþniyay
GMBIesHRbNaMgs¥at² TUsemøókbMBak;d¾éførbs; saLÚt rbs;Kat; TUklicTwk ekμgRbúsEdlecH
EhlTwkenAGayubYnqñaM sac;dMuQWRsBn; nig GñkCMgWEdlP½yxøac. erOgTaMgGs;nwgRtÚvCECkxøaMg
eLIg²rhUtdl;cMNucmYy³ enARKb;eBlEdlmnusSmñak;kñúgcMeNamBYkeyIgebIkmat;niyay Gñk
R)aMBIrnak;pSgeTotGacnwgbBa©b;erOgCMnYsGñkepþImniyayenaH. eyIgdwgral;RbeyaKsMxan;Edl
eFVI[esIcenAkñúgRKb;erOgkMEbøgmuneBlEdlvaRtÚveKniyay dUecñH eTaHnrNaniyayerOgkþI eK
nwgesIcEtmñak;Égb:ueNÑaH. Gñkdak;TwkedaHeKatampÞH Gñklk;eRKÓgeTsnigQμÜjénGtItempÞHBIr
nak; RtÚv)aneKsresIreLIgkb;BBk b¤ k¾bg¥ab;y:agxøaMgCaeRcIndghYsehtu rhUtdl;enAkñúgkar
Rsémrbs;eyIg BYkeKeTACacas;dUcCa mIs‘üÚhSWelI Edr. eKminEdlykerOgfμIb¤EbøkNamYymk
niyayenAkñúgGKarbEnßmeT.
CagenHeTAeTot erOgTaMgGs;enHGacRTaMRT)anEtkñúgkrNIebImnusScas;minmanTmøab;
niyayeLIgvijnUverOgEdleyIg)ansþab; elak ekøm:g; eCn b¤ emob. enAeBlniyaymþg²
BYkeKEtgeqøótbEnßmbnßyelIsBIerOgedIm dUecñH Cajwkjab;´RtÚvEtkþicédxøÜnÉgenAeRkamtu
edIm,ITb;citþkMu[lUkmat;EksmþIrbs;GñkniyayerOgEdlkMBugEtrMePIbxøaMg. ekμgtUcdUcCa Gan;
dac;xatminRtÚvEksmþIcas;TMueT eTaHbICaBYkeKmankMhuseRcIny:agNakþI b¤k¾eTaHbICaBYkeKniyay
revIrvaytamkarRsémrbs;eKkþI.
eCn nig elak ekøm:g; cUlcitþniyayGMBImnusSEdlcUleTArs; b¤ lak;xøÜnenACan;eRkamdI.
BYkeKdwgfa eyIgGnÞHsacg;dwgGMBIGñkdéTEdlsßitkñúgsßanPaBdUcBYkeyIg nigdwgfa eyIgman
smancitþcMeBaHTukçesakrbs;mnusSEdlRtÚv)ancab;xøÜn RBmTaMgkarsb,aycitþcMeBaHGñkeTas
EdlRtÚv)anedaHElg.
mkrs;enAeRkamdI b¤lak;xøÜn)ankøayeTACaTmøab;dUcCaexSóCk;)arI nig Es,keCIgpÞat;Edl
rg;caMm©as;vavilRtLb;mkeRbIvavij eRkayBIkarbMeBjkargarry³eBlEvgeBjmYyéf¶. man
RkúmRbqaMgCaeRcIn dUcCaRkúmhuløg;esrICaedIm EdleFVIGtþsBaØaNb½NÑEkøgkøay)anpþl;karKaMRT
xaghirBaØvtßúdl;GñkEdlkMBuglak;xøÜn erobcMkEnøglak;xøÜn ehIyrkkargar[RKisþsasnikekμg²
Edlmklak;xøÜnenAeRkamdI. vaKYr[PJak;ep¥IlxøaMgNas; cMeBaHTwkcitþrbs;mnusSTaMgenH Edlman
citþsb,úrs nigminKitBIxøÜnÉg edayRbfuyCIvitpÞal;xøÜnedIm,Ise®gÁaHGñkdéT.
]TahrN_KYr[cab;GarmμN_bMputenaHKWGñkCYyBYkeyIgpÞal;Etmþg Edl)anCYyeyIgrhUt
mkTl;eBlenH nigsgÇwmfaGacnaMeyIgeTAkan;eRtIysuvtßiPaB eRBaHfaebIBMuenaHeT BYkeKnwgKitfa
xøÜnÉgnwgmanvasnadUcGñkEdlBYkeKkMBugEtBüayamkarBarEdr.
BYkeK\tEdlniyaymYym:at;GMBIbnÞúkbNþalmkBICYyBYkeyIg ehIyk¾minEdlrG‘UrTaMfa
eyIgrMxanBYkeKxøaMgNas;eLIy. BYkeKmkCan;xagelIral;éf¶ ehIyniyayCamYyRbús²GMBIbBaða
CMnjY nigneya)ay ehIyniyayCamYyRsI²GMBGI ahar nigkarlM)akkñgú s®gÁam. cMENkÉCamYy
ekμg²vij BYkeKniyayGMBIesovePAnigkaEst. BYkeKbgðajnUvPaBrYsrayRss;RsaynaMyk
páa nigGMeNaymk[sRmab;éf¶xYbkMeNIt b¤éf¶Qb;sRmak ehIyEtgEteRtómxøÜneFVIGVIEdlBYkeK
GaceFVI)anCanic©. erOgTaMgenaH eyIgminGacbMePøc)aneT. xN³EdlGñkepSgbgðajPaBkøahan
rbs;BYkeKenAkñúgsmrPUmi b¤ PaBkøahanRbqaMgGaløWm:g; Gñkse®gÁaHeyIg)angðajPaBkøahanCa
erogral;éf¶ tamry³karRslaj;fñak;fñm nigsμartIl¥rbs;xøÜn.
erOgcEmøkbMput KWkarerobcMskmμPaBCaTmøab; EdlPaKeRcInvamin)ankøayCakarBiteT.
]TahrN_ elak ekøm:g; )anraykarN_enAs)aþh_enHfa karRbkYt)al;Tat;nwgRtÚverobcMeFVIenAextþ
EhÁlD½reLn48. RkúmmYymansuT§EtmnusSEdllak;xøÜnenAeRkamdI ehIyRkúmmYyeTotCatRmÜt
b:Ulis. enA huIlevIsaM49 b½NÑcuHeQμaHfμIRtÚv)anecj[eRbI. edIm,I[Gñklak;xøÜnTTYlrbbrbs;
BYkeK ¬GñkRtÚvEtbgðajb½NÑenHedIm,ITTYl)anrbbesovePA ebIepSgBIenHRtÚvbg;luy60hÁIldW
sRmab;esovePAmYyk,al¦ GñkcuHbBa¢I)anesñI[Gñklak;xøÜnTaMgGs;enAkñúgRsukenaH mkykb½NÑ
rbs;BYkeKenAÉtuepSg²Kña.
48 eQμaHrbs;tMbn;mYy nig CaGtItEdndIEdlRKb;RKgedayBYkesþcRtaj; enAhuløg;xagekIt.
4 9 eQμaHRkúgmYyenAkNþalRbeTshuløg; zitenAPaKGaeKñy_énTIRkúgGamsÞWdam.
168 Gan;E®hVg
dEdl²hñwg ÉgRtÚvEtRby½tñfaskmμPaBEbbenHmin)anB¤eTAdl;RtecokBYkGaløWm:g;eT.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶GaTitü TI30 Exmkra qñaM1944

XIt smøaj;/
éf¶GaTitü)anvilcUlmkdl;eTot ´minRbkan;BYkeKdUckalBIeBldMbUgeT b:uEnþBYkeKKYr[
FujEmn.
´minTan;)aneTAXøaMgenAeLIy b:uEnþ´RbEhlCanwgeTAenAeBlNamYyqab;²enH. yb;mij
´)ancuHeTACan;eRkamTaMgggwtEtmñak;Ég bnÞab;BI)anenATIenaHCamYy):aBIrbIyb;mun. ´QrelI
CeNþIrxagelIenAeBlynþehaHGaløWm:g;ehaHeTAehaHmk ehIy´dwgfaxøÜnenAmñak;Ég ehIymin
GacrkGñkNaCYy)aneT. karP½yxøacrbs;´)anrlay)at;. ´smøwgemIleTAelIemX ehIy
mankareCOCak;cMeBaHRBHCam©as;.
ćg;enAmñak;ÉgCaxøaMg. ):akt;smÁal;fa ´mindUcFmμtaeT b:uEnþ´minGacR)ab;Kat;)aneLIy
«
BIGVIEdlkMBugEtrMxan´. ćg;EtERskfa edaHElgéTA. sUmTuk[énAmñak;ÉgcuH . »
nrNaeTAdwg. RbEhlCaéf¶enaHnwgmkdl; enAeBl´RtÚv)aneKTukecal[enAÉekaelIs

BIxøÜn´R)afña.
Gan; E®hVg
éf¶RBhs,t× TI3 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
PaBrMeCIbrMCYlénkarQøanBan)anrIkraldalBaseBjRbeTsCaerogral;éf¶. ebIÉg
enATIenHEdr ´R)akdkñúgcitþfa ÉgmuxCanwgcab;GarmμN_dUc´ cMeBaHkarerobcMRbúgeRbóbCaeRcIn
b:uEnþÉgR)akdCaesIccMGk cMeBaHkarEdleyIgRbúgRby½tñhYsehtuminxan. nrNaeTAdwgfa va
Kμan)ankarGITaMgGs;enaH¡
kaEst)ancuHpSaydMNwgsþIBIkarQøanBaneBjTMB½rrbs;xøÜn ehIyeFVI[mnusSRKb;rUbvegVg
«
s‘ugnwgRbeyaK³ enAkñúgkrNIGg;eKøscUlmkhuløg; GaløWm:g;nwgeFVIRKb;y:agtamEdlxøÜnGac
edIm,IkarBarRbeTsenH edayEfmTaMgBnøicRbeTsenHeTotpgebIcaM)ac;. BYkeK)ane)aHBum<pSay
EpnTIRbeTshuløg; edaymanKUssmÁal;tMbn;EdlTwkGacCn;licpgEdr. eRBaHTIRkúgGamsÞWdam

mYyPaKFMRtÚv)anKUsRBal² sMNYrEdleyIgecaTsYrmuneKKWfa etIeyIgeFVIy:agem:cebITwkenA
tamdgpøÚveLIgdl;elIcegáH. sMNYrd¾Bi)akenHCaehtunaM[mankareqøIytbepSg²³
«
eyIgminGacedIrb¤CiHkg;)aneT dUecñHeyIgRtÚvEtluyTwk .»
«
kMul¶g;eBk¡ eyIgRtÚvEtBüayamEhlTwk. eyIgTaMgGs;KñanwgesøókBak;exaGav nigmYk
EhlTwk ehIyeyIgmuCeRkamTwk[eRCAEmnETn dUecñHKμannrNaGacdwgfa eyIgCaCnCatiCVIhVeT.
« »
GU+¡ Kμan)ankareT¡ ´Gacnwkdl;®sþIEhlTwkmñak;EdlRtÚvkNþúrxaMeCIgKat;¡ ¬BitehIyenaH
KWbursmñak;. eyIgnwg)andwgfa etInrNaERskxøaMgCageK¡¦.
«
sUm,IEteyIgk¾minGaccakecjBIpÞH)anEdr. XøaMgGt;maMTaMeT. vanwgrlMebIsinCaman
»
TwkCMnn; .
«
sUms¶at;GñkTaMgGs;Kña ehIyQb;esIcsineTA eyIgKYrEtBüayamrkTUkmYyCiH . »
«
ehtuGVIxVl;emø:H¡ ´manKMnitl¥CagenH. eyIgmñak;²GacyksMbkLaMgdak;GIv:an;BIelIeFñI
ehIyGMuvadUcTUkedayeRbIsøabRBaeQI .»
«
ńwgedIrtamssr. ´Føab;CMnajEpñkenHeBlénAekμg . »
«
eCn hÁIs nwgmin)ac;eFVIG‘ÍcwgeT. Kat;nwgeGovRbBn§Kat; ehIybnÞab;mk emob nwgedIrelI
ssr .»
dUecñH\LÚvenH eyIgmanKMnitRtÜs²ehIysRmab;GVIEdlkMBugekItman minG‘Ícwgb¤ XIt?

kareqøIyqøgsmþIKñay:agrmuaMgrem:ak suT§EtKYr[cg;esIcNas; b:uEnþFatuBitvaepSg²eTAvij.
sMNYrTIBIrGMBIkarQøanBanBitCanwgekIteLIg. etIeyIgKYreFVIy:agem:c ebIBYkGaløWm:g;Cemøós
RbCaCnRkúgGamsÞWdam?
«
cakecjBITIRkúgCamYyGñkepSgeTot. EkøgbnøMxøÜneyIg[)anl¥tamEdlGaceFVI)an . »
«
eTaHs¥IekIteLIgk¾eday kMuecjeRkAGI¡ ykl¥bMput eyIgRtÚvsm¶MenA[es¶óm¡ BYkGaløWm:g;
GacekogRbCaCnhuløg;TaMgGs;cUlkñúgRbeTsGaløWm:g; CakEnøgEdlBYkeKnwgRtÚvsøab; . »
«
BitehIy eyIgnwgenATIenH. enHCaTIkEnøgsuvtßiPaBbMput. eyIgnwgBüayamniyaybBa©úH
bBa©Úl[ ekøm:g; nigRKÜsarrbs;Kat;mkenATIenHedIm,Irs;enACamYyBYkeyIg. eyIgnwgeRbIGacm_
rNarmYy)avedIm,IedkenAelI\dæ. sUmesñI[ emob nig ekøm:g; ykPYyxøHmkpgebIman. ehIy
eyIgnwgkumμ:g;TijnMRKab;FBaØCatibEnßmeTot edIm,IbEnßmRKab;FBaØCatiRbmaNsamsibKILÚRkam
170 Gan;E®hVg
EdleyIgmanRsab;. eCn GacBüayamrksENþkbEnßmeTot. enAxN³enH eyIgmansENþkCit

samsibKILÚRkam nigsENþk)araMgbYnKILÚRkamknøH. ehIykMuePøcbEnøcMnYnhasibkMb:ugpg . »
«
cuHcMENkGVIEdlenAsl;enaH m:ak;? sUmR)ab;tYelxcugeRkaybMputmk . »
«
RtIxdb;kMb:ug TwkedaHeKaEssibkMb:ug TwkedaHeKaemSARbEhlR)aMbYnKILÚRkam eRbgbIdb
bWrbYnRkLFM sac;bnY RkL ®sþbÚ rW BI rI RkLFM r:as<brW 50I BIrRkL eb:ge)aHémÖRkL emSAbYnKILRÚ kamknøH
GgárbYnKILRÚ kam. vamanEtb:eu NÑHÉg . »
rbbGaharrbs;eyIgmanRKb;RKan;bgÁrÜ . eTaHy:agNakþI eyIgRtÚvciBa©wmbuKÁlikkariyal½y

edaydkecjBIsþúkrbs;eyIgCaerogral;s)aþh_. dUecñHvamanmineRcIneT. eyIgk¾manFüÚg ]s
nigeTonRKb;RKan;Edr.
«
sUmeyIgTaMgGs;KñaevcluyCakBa©b;tUc² edIm,Ilak;TukenAkñúgexaGavrbs;eyIg dUecñH
eyIgGacykluyeTACamYyebIsinCacaM)ac;RtÚvcakecjBITIenH . »
«
eyIgGacRsg;bBa¢InUvGVIEdlRtÚvykmuneK kñúgkrNIEdleyIgRtÚvrt; nigerobcMsak;kadU
»
Camun .
enAeBlEdleBlevlamkdl; eyIgnwgdak;mnusSBIrnak;[enAyam. mñak;enAbnÞb;elIxag
muxpÞH nigmñak;enAxageRkaypÞH . »
«
eGð¡ etImanGahareRcIn)ankarGIeTA ebIKμanTwk hÁas nigePøIgGKÁisnIpg? »
«
eyIgRtÚvEtcm¥inGaharenAelILdut]s. eRcaHTwkehIydaMva. eyIgKYrEtsm¥atFugFM²
ehIyykvadak;Twk. eyIgk¾Gacdak;TwkTukkñúgkMesovbI EdleyIgeRbIsRmab;RckGaharkMb:ug
nigenAkñúgcanEdke)akexaGav . »
«
eRkABIenH eyIgenAmandMLÚgmYyrybIKILÚRkamknøH enAkñúgbnÞb;sþúkeRKÓgeTs . »
TaMgGm,alm:anxagelIenH KWCaGVEI dl´)ansþab;Be¤ BjmYyéf¶. QøanBan QøanBan KμanGVI

eRkABIQøanBaneT. kareQøaHKñaGMBIkarGt;Xøan karCitsøab; RKab;Ebk rfynþBnøt;GKÁiP½y nb51
GtþsBaØaNb½NÑ ]sμ½nBul.l. BitCaminKYr[rIkrayeT.
]TahrN_d¾l¥mYyénkarRBmand¾c,as;las; sþIBIkarsnÞnarvagmnusSRbúsmYyRkúmCamYy
eCn EdlmanxøwmsardUcxageRkam³
50 rukçCatimanbnøa manEpøtUc²BN’RkhmKμanRKab;.
5 1 sMBt; b¤ PYyRkas;manrUtsRmab;cUledkkñúgenaH CaBiesseBlenAxageRkApÞH.
GKarbEnßm³ «eyIgP½yxøacfa enAeBlBYkGaløWm:g;dkfy BYkeKnwgnaMRbCaCnTaMgGs;eTA

CamYyEdr . »
eCn³ «minGaceTArYceT. BYkvaKμanrfePøIgRKb;RKan;edIm,IdwkeyIgeLIy».

GKarbEnßm³ «rfePøIg? etIGñkBitCaKitfa BYkvadwkeyIgtamrfePøIgb¤? dac;xatminGaceTA
»
rYceT. mnusSTaMgGs;nwgRtÚvEtedIredayefμIreCIgtamva . ¬b¤k¾dUc DusEsl EtgEtniyayfa
Ep ePDIs GapUsþÚLÚrwm52¦.
«
eCn³ ´mineCOfadl;fñak;enHeT. GñkÉgecHEtKitminl¥. etImanehtuplGVIeTAEdlfa
BYkvaRtÚvekorCnsuIvilTaMgGs;[edIrtamBYkvaenaH? »
«
GKarbEnßm³ etIGñkmincaMBakürbs; háÚbebls_ eTb¤ Edlniyayfa ebIsinCaBYkGaløWm:g;
RtÚvcakecj BYkvanwgbiTTVarecalTwkdIEdlFøab;kan;kab;TaMgGs; . »
«
eCn³ eK)anniyayerOgCaeRcIn . »
«
GKarbEnßm³ etIGñkKitfaCnCatiGaløWm:g;éføfñÚr nigmanmnusSFm’dl;fñak;nwgeFVIG‘ÍcwgEmn
b¤? RTwsþIrbs;BYkvaKWfa³ ebIeyIgFøak;TwkeyIgRtÚvEtTajmnusSÉeTot²[Føak;TwkEdr . »
«
eCn³ GñkGacniyays¥Ik¾)anEdrtamcMNUlcitþrbs;Gñk b:uEnþ´Gt;eCOesaHeLIy . »
«
GKarbEnßm³ erOgvadEdl²hñwg. KμannrNacg;eXIjeRKaHfñak;eT ebIsinCavaminTan;mk
dl;muxeyIgeTenaH . »
«
eCn³ b:uEnþGñkminTan;dwgc,as;eT. GñkRKan;Etsμan²b:ueNÑaH . »
«
GKarbEnßm³ eyIgFøab;qøgkat;vaGs;ehIy. dMbUgenAGaløWm:g; bnÞab;mkenATIenH. etIGñk
»
KitfamanGVIekIteLIgenAkñúgRbeTsrusSúI .
«
eCn³ GñkminKYrrab;bBa©lÚ CnCatiChIV eV T. ´Kitfa Gt;mannrNadwgfamanGVeI kIteLIgenArusSúI
eT. BYkGg;eKøsnigrusSúI RbEhlCakMBugEtniyayBenøIskñúgbMNgeXasnadUcCaBYkGaløWm:g;
b:ueNÑaH . »
«
GKarbEnßm³ R)akdCaminG‘ÍcwgeT. viTüú b‘Íb‘ÍsuI EtgEtniyaykarBit. ehIyeTaHbICa
dMNwgenaHTMngBenøIsbnþickþI tamBitk¾vaGaRkk;KYrsmEdr. GñkminGacRbEkk)aneT cMeBaHerOg
BlrdæRslaj;snþPi aBCaeRcInlannak;enAb:LU jÚ nigrusSúI EdlRtÚveKsmøab; b¤kb¾ BM lu EpSg[søab;
52 efμIreCIg.
172 Gan;E®hVg
»
enaH .
´minniyayR)ab;GñkBIkarsnÞnaepSgeToteT. ´manPaBs¶b;s¶at; ehIymincab;GarmμN_
nwgerOgenaHeLIy. ´dl;fñak;ElgxVl;eTAehIyfa xøÜnÉgrs;b¤k¾søab;. BiPBelaknwgenAEtbnþvil
edayKμanrUb´ ehIy´minGaceFVIGVImYyedIm,Ipøas;bþÚrRBwtþikarN_eT. ´RKan;EtTuk[erOgr:aveTA
tamdMeNIrrbs;vaeTAcuH ehIy´RbmUlGarmμN_mkelIkarsikSavij nigsgÇwmfaGVI²RKb;y:agnwg
l¥eLIgvijenATIbBa©b;.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶GgÁar TI8 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
´minGacR)ab;Gñk)aneTfa ´manGarmμN_EbbNa. erogral;naTI ´R)afñacg;)ansnþiPaB
PaBs¶b;s¶at; nigPaBrIkraybnþicbnþÜcpgEdr. eyIg)anePøceTAehIyfa eKesIcy:agem:cenaH.
ńiyaycg;mann½yfa esIcxøaMgrhUtQb;minrYc.
enARBwkenH ´)anesIckac;kkac;Rsg;. GñkdwgeT eyIgFøab;esIcEbbenaHenAÉsala.
m:ahÁút nig rUb´kMBugesIcy:agkac;kkac;Rsg; dUcCaekμgCMTg;Bit².
kalBIyb;mij manehtukarN_mYyekIteLIgcMeBaHm:ak;. m:ahÁút kMBugEtTajPYy
RkNat;ELnmkdNþb;xøÜnnag rMeBcenaHnagk¾elatecjBIERKPøam ehIyBinitüemIlPYyy:ag
ykcitþTukdak;. etIÉgKitfanag)aneXIjGVI? m¢úlxÞas;¡ m:ak;)anb:HPYy ehIyePøcdkvaecj.
):aRKvIk,aly:agmann½y ehIy)anniyayGMBIkarEdlm:ak;eFVsRbEhsGIemø:H. PøambnÞab;BIenaH
«
m:ak;k¾cUlmkBIbnÞb;Twk ehIy´)anniyaycMGn;Kat;elgfa m:ak;sahavEmn ¡.»
BitehIy m:ak;k¾sYr´fa ehtuGVI)anCańiyayy:agdUecñH ehIyeyIg)anR)ab;Kat;GMBIerOg

m¢úlxÞas;EdlKat;ePøc. PøamenaHKat;)anbgðajb£kBadUcCaRKan;ebICageKNas; ehIyniyayfa
«kUnÉgh‘anniyayG‘Ícwgpg. enAeBlkUnÉgedrexaGavmþg²m¢úlxÞas; enAray):ayeBj\dæ.
ehIyemIlenaH kUnÉgTukecalké®nþkat;RkckeTotehIy. kUnÉgminEdlykvaeTATukeT¡ . »
ńiyayfa ´minEmnCaGñkykvamkeRbIeT ehIy m:ahÁút )anKaMRT´ eRBaHvaCakMhusrbs;

Kat;.
m:ak;bnþniyayGMBIkarEdl´Gt;sNþab;Fñab; rhUtdl;eBl´FujRTan; ehIyniyayrag
«
KMeraHKMerIybnþicfa ´Kμan)anfa m:ak;ÉgeFVsRbEhseT. ÉtgEtRtÚveKTmøak;kMhus[Canic©
»
hñwg .
m:ak;minmat;eLIy ehIymin)anmYynaTIpg ´k¾RtÚvefIblaKat;cUleKg. ]bTÞvehtu
RbEhlCaminsMxan;Nas;NaeT b:uEnþsBVéf¶enHGVI²RKb;y:agva)anb:HBal;dl;GarmμN_rbs;´
Canic©.
Gan; m:arI E®hVg

XIFI smøaj;/
RBHGaTitükMBugEtbeBa©jrsμI épÞemXmanBN’exovcas;manxül;bk;Rtesok²d¾Gs©arü
ehIyćg;)anGVI²RKb;y:ag³ karsnÞna esrIPaB mitþPkþi karenAmñak;Ég. ćg;>>>ERskyM¡ ´man
GarmμN_hak;dUcCaxøÜn´RbúgEtnwgpÞúHEbkG‘Ícwg. ´dwgfa karyMnwgGacCYyeyIg)anxøH b:uEnþýM
minecj. ´rsab;rsl;. édIrecjcUlBIbnÞb;mYyeTAbnÞb;mYyeTot dkdegðImRsUbxül;tammat;
«
bg¥ÜcmanGarmμN_faebHdUgkMBugEtelathak;dUcCaR)ab;fa TIbMput bMeBjtambMNgrbs;´>>> . »
´Kitfa niTaXrdUvkMBugEtcUlmkenAkñúgxøÜn´. ´manGarmμN_fa niTaXrdUvcUlmk ehIy

´manGarmμN_fa vasßitenAkñúgdYgRBlwg nigragkay´TaMgmUl. ´RtÚvEtbgçMxøÜneFVICaFmμta.
´sßitenAkñúgsßanPaBRcbUkRcbl;y:agsm¶at; ´mindwgRtÚvGanGVI sresrGVI eFVIGVI. ´RKan;Etdwgfa
xøÜnÉgkMBugEtcg;)anGVImYy>>>.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶c½nÞ TI14 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
manerOgpøas;bþÚrCaeRcInekIteLIgcMeBaH´ cab;taMgBIéf¶esAr_mk. GVIEdl)anekItmanenaH
KW³ ćg;)anGVImYy ¬\LÚvenHk¾enAEtcg;)anva¦ b:uEnþ>>>GacedaHRsayva)antictYcenaHtictYcEmn
ETn.
´RtÚvEtsarPaBy:agesμaHRtg;cMeBaHÉgfa kalBIRBwkéf¶GaTitü ´kt;smÁal;y:agEsn
sb,ayfa pitF½r ecHEtsmøwgemIl´ edayRkEsEPñkminFmμtaeLIy. ´minGacBnül;)aneT
174 Gan;E®hVg
b:uEnþ´k¾manGarmμN_Pøamfa Kat;minEmnRslaj; m:ahÁút dUc´Føab;KitenaHeT. eBjmYyéf¶

´BüayamminsmøwgemIlKat;eRcIneBkeT eRBaHenAeBlNak¾eday[EtémIlKat; ÉtgEteXIj
Kat;smøwgemIlĆanic© ehIybnÞab;mkvaeFVI[´manGarmμN_y:agcEmøkenAkñúgxøÜn ehIyenaHKWCa
GarmμN_mYyEdl´minKYrmanjwkjab;eLIy.
enAl¶acéf¶GaTitü mnusSRKb;KñaelIkElgEt BIm nig ´ )anmkRbmUlpþMúKñaCMuvijviTüú
« »
edIm,Isaþ b; t®nþGI mt³énRkúmelaknayGalømW g: ; . DusEsl cUlcitmþ lY b:su v×þ Ti üúedayeFV[I pitF½r
nigGñkdéTekþARkhayCab;. bnÞab;BI)anTb;GarmμN_Gs;knøHem:ag pitF½r )ansYrKat; ¬DusEsl¦
Ebbxwgbnþicfa etIQb;mYlbu:sþ×viTüú)aneT. DusEsl )aneqøIyEbbRKan;ebIfa ´dwgehIy . « »
pitF½r k¾xwgPøam ehIyk¾)aneRbIBaküy:agKMeraHKMerIy. elak v:an; daGan )ankan;eCIgKat;ehIy

DusEsl RtÚvEtcuHcaj;. erOgenaHKWy:agdUecñHÉg.
ehtuplsRmab;karminÉkPaBKñaenaH KWminEmnedaysarkarcab;GarmμN_BiessGIeT
b:uEnþ pitF½r TMngCaykerOgenaHmkTukkñúgcitþeRcIneBk eRBaHkalBIRBwkmijenAeBl´kMBugEtebIk
esovePAemIlenACan;xagelICab;dMbUl pitF½r )anelcmuxmk ehIy)anR)ab;´GMBIGVIEdl)an
ekIteLIg. ´min)andwgGVIGMBIerOgenaHeT b:uEnþPøamenaH pitF½r k¾)anyl;fa Kat;)anCYbGñkEdl
cg;sþab; ehIyk¾cab;epþImeRtómniyayRbFanbTenaH.
«
Kat;)anniyayfa EmnehIy erOgvadUecñaH. tamTmøab; ´minsUvniyayeRcIneT eRBaH´
dwgCamunfa ńwgminniyayecj. ćab;epþImRkhmmux ehIyniyaycuHeLIgy:ageRcIn rhUtdl;
TIbMput´RtÚvEtQb;niyay eRBaH´minGacrkBaküRtÚvniyay)an. enaHehIyCaerOgEdl)an
ekIteLIgkalmSilmij. ćg;niyayepSgTaMgRsugBIenaHEtmþg b:uEnþenAeBlćab;epþIm ´k¾
RcbUkRcbl;. vaKYr[xøacEmn. ´Føab;manTmøab;GaRkk; ehIyeBlxøHćg;[éFVIG‘Ícwg. enAeBl
´xwgnwgnrNamñak; ńwgév:Gkñ enaHedaymineQøaHRbEkkCamYyBYkeKeT. ´dwgfaviFeI nHminGacCYy
GVI´)aneT ehtudUecñHehIy )anCa´sresIr Gan;. Gan; minEdl)at;BaküRtÚvniyayeT ehIyBit
CaniyayGVIEdl Gan; cg;niyay ehIyminxμaseGonbnþicNaesaHeLIy . »
«
´)aneqøIyfa GU+¡ pitF½r yl;xusehIy. GVIEdlńiyayPaKeRcInenaH vaepSgBIGVIEdl´
)aneRKagKit. CagenHeTot ńiyayeRcInnigyUreBk ehIyenaHCaTmøab;GaRkk; . »
« RbEhlG‘Ícwg. b:uEnþ Gan; maneRbóbCag eRBaHKμannrNamñak;GacemIleXIjfa Gan; xμas

eGoneLIy. Gan; minRkhmmux b¤k¾)at;PaBm©as;kareT . »
´minGacTb;minsb,aycitþs¶at;²cMeBaHBaküsmþIrbs;Kat;eT. b:uEnþedaysarćg;[Kat;
niyayeTotGMBIxøÜnKat; ´Tb;sMeNIcGgÁúyelIBUkRTnab;mYy elIkRmal\dæ ykéd»bCgÁg; ehIy
emIlmkKat;y:agykcitþTukdak;.
´sb,aycitþEdlmanmnusSepSgenAkñúgpÞHenHxwgdUcÉdr. pitF½r hak;dUcCaFUrRTÚg
EdlfaKat;GacriHKn; DusEsl )anedayminxøacéTATUlBit. cMeBaH´ ´k¾sb,aycitþEdr eRBaH´
manGarmμN_d¾rwgmaMénPaBCamitþEdlćaMfa Føab;manEtCamYymitþRsI²rbs;´b:ueNÑaH.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
éf¶GgÁar TI15 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

CemøaHtUctacCamYy DusEsl naM[Kat;manplvi)akmYycMnYnEdlRtÚvbenÞasxøÜnÉg.
kalBIl¶acéf¶c½nÞ DusEsl )ancUlmkCYbm:ak; ehIy)anR)ab;Kat;fa pitF½r )ansYrKat;enA
RBwkenaHfa etIKat;edklk;RsYleT ehIy)anniyaybEnßmeTotfa Kat;esaksþayNas;cMeBaHGVI
)anekIteLIgkalBIl¶acéf¶GaTitü. Kat;BitCamin)antaMgcitþeT cMeBaHGVIEdlKat;)anniyay.
DusEsl )anFanafa Kat;mni ykvamkdak;kgúñ citeþ LIy. dUecñHGV²I RKb;ya: gk¾mandMeNIrkarl¥RbesIr
CafμI. m:ak;)anykerOgenHmkR)ab;´ ehIy´lYcPJak;ep¥IlkñúgcitþEdlfa pitF½r Edlxwgy:ag
xøaMgnwg DusEsl )andak;xøÜneTaHbICakarFanaGHGagrbs;Kat;pÞúyRsLHBIcitþKat;kþI.
´minGacTb;minBüayamcg;dwgBITsSn³rbs; pitF½r sþIBIerOgenHeT ehIyKat;)aneqøIytb
Pøamfa DusEsl kMBgu EtniyayPr. ÉgKYrEt)aneXIjmux pitF½r enAeBlenaH. ebI´manm:asunI
ftenAeBlenaHeTAmanGI¡
kMhgw eRkveRkaF PaBmindac;eRsc PaBRkhl;Rkhay nigGVxI aø gM CagenHeTot )anelceLIg
enAelImuxKat;CabnþbnÞab;y:agrh½s.
enAl¶acenaH elak v:an; daGan nig pitF½r BitCa)anfa[ DusEsl Emn. lM)akehIy
eRBaH pitF½r RtÚveFVIeFμjenAéf¶enH.
CakarBit BYkeKmincg;niyayrkKñaeToteT.
éf¶BuF TI16 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

pitF½r nig´ min)anniyayKñaeBjmYyéf¶ elIkElgEtniyayBakü\tn½yBIrbIm:at;
176 Gan;E®hVg
b:ueNÑaH. éf¶enaHRtCak;Nas; rhUtminGaceTACan;xagelICab;dMbUl)an. b:uEnþvaCaéf¶xYbkMeNIt

rbs; m:ahÁút. enAem:agdb;BIrnigsamsibnaTI Kat;)anmkemIlGMeNay ehIyenAQrCECky:ag
yUrGMBGI EIV dlKat;mni TaMg)aneFVpI g. b:Eu nþ ´man»kasrbs;énAeBlresol. edaysarćg;TeM yI
m:ahÁút enAéf¶xYbkMeNItrbs;Kat; ´)aneTAykkaehV ehIybnÞab;mkdMLÚg. enAeBlćUlbnÞb;
pitF½r Kat;k¾Rbjab;ykÉksarrbs;Kat;ecjBICeNþIr ehIy´)ansYrKat;fa etI´GacbiTTVarcUl
Can;xagelICab;dMbUl)aneT.
«
Kat;)aneqøIyfa R)akdCa)an. biTcuH. enAeBl Gan; rYcral;ehIy eBlcuHeRkam Gan;
RKan;EteKaHTVareTA ńwgebIk[ehIy . »
´)anGrKuNKat; ehIyk¾eLIgeTACan;xagelI eday)ancMNayeBly:agehacNas;db;naTI

edIm,IEsVgrkdMLÚgenAkñúgFug. xñgćab;epþImQW ehIyCan;xagelIdMbUlmansPaBRtCak;xøaMg. tam
Fmμta ´mincaM)ac;xVl;eKaHTVareT KWebIkcUlEtmþg. b:uEnþKat;)aneLIgmkykxÞHecjBIéd´.
« ´)anRbwgrkGs;ehIy b:uEnþ´minGacrkeXIjGatUcCagenHeT? »
« »
etImanrkenAkñúgFugFMeT?
« ca+s¡ ´)anrkemIlvaGs;ehIy . »
mkdl;RtwmeBlenH énAkaMCeNþIrxageRkam ehIyKat;)anBinitüemIlxÞHdMLÚgEdlKat;

« »
kMBugEtkan;. Kat;)anniyayfa GU+¡ TaMgenHval¥ehIy . enAeBlýkxÞHBIKat;enaH Kat;)an
«
eBalbEnßmeTotfa KYr[sresIrEmn¡ . »
enAeBlKat;niyayEbbenH Kat;)ansmøwgemIlý:agkk;ekþA nigTn;Pøn;CaxøaMg rhUtdl;´

manPaBkk;ekþAenAkñúgxøÜn. ´GacR)ab;fa Kat;cg;eFVI[´sb,aycitþ. b:uEnþedaysarKat;minGac
sresIr[)aneRcInKat;)anpþl;RkEsEPñkCasBaØa. ´Gacyl;Kat;y:agc,as; ehIymanGarmμN_
dwgKuNKat;. vaenAEteFVI[´sb,ay enAeBlnwkdl;BakünigrUbPaBenaH¡
enAeBlćuHeRkam m:ak;)anniyayfa Kat;RtÚvkardMLgÚ bEnßmeTot sRmab;GahareBll¶ac
dUecñH´k¾sμR½KcitþeLIgeTAelImþgeTot. enAeBlćUlbnÞb; pitF½r ´sMueTasKat;Edl)anrMxanKat;
mþgeTot. enAeBl´kMBugEteLIgCeNþIr Kat;eRkakQrehIyedIrmkQrenAcenøaHCeNþIrnigCBa¢aMg
TajédéhIyBüayamraraMg´.
«
Kat;niyayfa ńwgeTA. ´RtÚveLIgeTACan;xagelI . »
éqøIytbfa vamincaM)ac;eT. ´mincaM)ac;rkdMLÚgtUceTeBlenH. edayRtÚv´bBa©úHbBa©Úl

Kat;k¾Elgéd´. enAeBl´RtLb;mkvij Kat;)anebIkTVar ehIyCafμImþgeTotKat;)anykxÞHBI´.

«
enAeBlQrEk,rTVar ´)ansYrfa etIGñkkMBugeronGVI? . »
« »
Kat;eqøIyfa Pasa)araMg .
´)ansYrfa etI´sMuemIlemeronKat;)aneT. eRkaymk´)aneTAlagéd ehIyGgÁúyelI
ekAGImYyenATl;muxKat;.
bnÞab;BI´)anBnül;Pasa)araMgxøHdl;Kat; eyIgk¾cab;epþImCECkKña. Kat;)anR)ab;´fa
eRkays®gÁamcb; Kat;cg;eTArs;enARbCueM kaHdac ehIyrs;enAkñgú cmáarekAs‘mU y
Y . Kat;)anniyay
BICIvitrbs;Kat;enApÞHpSarggwt nigGarmμN_EdlKat;Kitfa xøÜnÉgdUcCamnusSGnafa\ttémø. ´
R)ab;Kat;fa Kat;ecHEtmanGarmμN_bnÞabxøÜnÉgeBkehIy. Kat;niyayGMBIs®gÁam. Kat;niyay
fa rusSúInig)araMgRtÚvtRmÚv[eFVIs®gÁamRbqaMgKña ehIyeyIgk¾)anniyayGMBICnCatiCVIhV. Kat;
niyayfa CIvitnwgRbesIrCagenHeRcIn ebIsinCaKat;CaRKisþsasnik b¤k¾GacCaGñkkan;sasna
RKisþmñak;eRkays®gÁamcb;. ´)ansYrKat;fa etIKat;cg;køayCasmaCikRBHviharRbÚetsþgb; .¤
b:Eu nþ Kat;mni cg;mann½yy:agenaHeT. Kat;mni EdlmanGarmμNd_ cU CaRKissþ asnikmñak;eLIy b:uEnþ
Kat;)anniyayfa eRkays®gÁamKat;nwgeFVI[R)akdfaKμannrNasÁal;Kat;CaCnCatiCVIhVeT. ´
manGarmμN_QWcab;mYyEPøt. vaCaerOgKYr[xμaseGonNas; EdlKat;manPaBminesμaHRtg;cMeBaH
xøÜnÉg.
«
pitF½r )anniyaybEnßmfa CVIhVKWCa nigenAEtCamnusSEdleKeRCIserIsyk . »
«
´)aneqøIyfa mþgenHeTot ´sgÇwmfa BYkeKnwgRtÚveRCIserIsedaysarGVImYyEdll¥¡ . »
b:uEnþeyIg)anbnþCECkKñay:agsb,ayGMBI):a GMBIkarvaytémøGtþcritmnusS nigerOgRKb;

y:ageRcInNas;rhUtdl;´minGaccaMGs;.
´)ancakecjenAem:agR)aMxVHdb;R)aMnaTI eRBaH ebb )anmkdl;.
l¶acenaH Kat;)anniyayerOgepSgeTotEdl´KitfavaCaerOgl¥. eyIgniyayKñaBIrUb
tYknu mñak;Edl´Føab;[Kat;. rUbenaHRtÚv)anBüÜrenAbnÞbK; at;Gs;ry³eBly:agticCagmYyqñakM nøH.
Kat;cUlcitþvaxøaMgNas; emø:aHehIy´k¾[Kat;BIrbIEfmeTot.
«
Kat;)aneqøIytbfa eT ÉfrkSarUbmYyEdl´manRbesIrCag. émIlvaCaerogral;éf¶
ehIymnusSenAkñúgrUbenaH)ankøayCamitþrbs;éTAehIy.
\LÚvenH ´dwgehIyfa ehtuGVIKat;EtgEt»b mUsQI EsnENnemø:H. Kat;BitCaRtÚvkar
178 Gan;E®hVg
esckþIRslaj;fñak;fñmEdr. éPøcniyaydl;erOgepSgeTotEdlKat;)anniyay. Kat;niyay

«
fa eT ´minxøaceT elIkElgEtenAeBlerOgenaHekIteLIgdl;rUb´pÞal; bu:Enþ´kMBugEtCmñHelIva . »
pitF½r manGarmμN_ecHEtKitfa xøÜnÉgGn;bMput. ]TahrN_ Kat;EtgEtKitfa Kat;l¶g;exøA

xøaMgNas; ehIyeyIgQøasévNas;. enAeBlĆYyBnül;Pasa)araMgKat; Kat;GrKuN´mYy
«
Ban;dg. enAéf¶NamYy ńwgniyayfa GU¡+ Qb;ny i ayG‘cÍ gw eTA¡. GñkBUEkxagGg;eKøs nig
»
PUmvi Ti üaCag´q¶ayNas;¡ .
Gan; E®hVg
éf¶RBhs,t× TI17 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
RBwkenH énACan;xagelI eRBaH´)ansnüanwgelakRsI v:an; daGan fa ńwgGanerOgxøH
« »
rbs;´[Kat;sþab;. ´)ancab;epþImedayBakü subinrbs; eGv:a EdlKat;cUlcitþNas; ehIy
« »
eRkaymk´GanvKÁxøHdkRsg;BI GKarbEnßmsm¶at; EdleFVI[Kat;esIcy:agxøaMg. pitF½r k¾enA
sþab;mYysnÞúHEdr ¬EtvKÁcugeRkayb:ueNÑaH¦ ehIysYrfa etI´GaceTAbnÞb;Kat;edIm,IGanbEnßmeTot
)aneT. ´)anseRmccitþTTYlyk»kasenaHEtmþg. eBlenaH´k¾ykesovePA´mk[Kat;Gan
vKÁEdl eXDI nig hans_ niyayGMBIRBH. ´BitCamindwgeTfa etIvaeFVI[Kat;mancMNab;GarmμN_
EbbNaeT. ´)anniyayGVImYyEdl´minGaccaM)an minEmnGMBIfaetIval¥b¤GaRkk;eT b:uEnþGMBI
KMnitenABIeRkayvaenaH. ´)anR)ab;Kat;fa ćg;[Kat;dwgfa ´minRKan;EtsresrGVIEdlKYr[
rIkrayenaHeT. Kat;gk;k,al ehIy´k¾ecjBIbnÞb;.
eyIgnwgCYbKñaeTot ebI´)anB¤GVIbEnßmeTot¡
Gan; E®hV g rbs; XI F I
éf¶suRk TI18 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
enAeBlEdléTACan;xagelI ÉtgEtKitfa ńwgeXIjKat;. \LÚv´manGVIEdlRtÚvTnÞwg
rg;caMehIy. CIviténATIenH)anl¥RbesIry:ageRcIn. y:agehacNas; vtßúbMNgénmitþPaBrbs;´
EtgenATIenHCanic© ehIy´mincaM)ac;xøacGñkRbkYtRbECgeT ¬elIkElgEt m:ahÁút¦.
kMuKitfa ´Føak;kñúgesckþIesñha eRBaH´Gt;eT. b:uEnþ´manGarmμN_fa manGVImYyd¾Rss;s¥at

nigrIkceRmInrvag pitF½r nig ´. enaHKWmitþPaBnigGarmμN_énkarTukcitþ. éTACYbKat;enARKb;eBl
Edl´man»kas ehIysPaBenHminFøab;EdlmanBImunmkeT. Kat;mindwgeFVIGVICamYyéT. b:uEnþ
pÞúyeTAvij Kat;enAEtniyayeBlEdlédIrsMedAeTATVarecj. m:ak;mincg;[éLIgeTACan;xagelI
eT. Kat;Etgniyayfa ´rMxan pitF½r ehIyfa´KYrTuk[Kat;enAEtÉgeTA. niyayedayesμaHeTA
etIKat;minGaceCOfa ´mankaryl;dwgGMBIsPaBkarN_eTb¤? Kat;EtgEtemIlmký:agcEmøk
enAeBléTAbnÞb; pitF½r. enAeBlćuHmkeRkamvij³ Kat;sYrfa ´)anmkBINa. GaRkk;Emn
b:uEnþ´kMBugcab;epþIms¥b;Kat;¡
Gan; m> E®hV g rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
éf¶esAr_eTotehIy. éf¶enH ´KYrEtR)ab;Ég[)anRKb;RKan;. RBwkenHGV²I TaMgGs;mansPaB
«
s¶bs; a¶ t;. ´)ancMNayeBlesÞrI EtmYyem:agenACan;xagelIedIm,IeFVsI ac; b:Eu nþńiyayrk Kat; »
EteBledIrkat;b:ueNÑaH.
enAeBlmnusSRKb;KñamkCan;xagelIevlaem:agBIrnigsamsibnaTI edIm,IGanesovePA b¤
edkéf¶ ´k¾cuHmkeRkamedayykPYymkCamYypg ehIyGgÁúyenAtu Ganb¤sresr. minyUrb:unμan
ÉlgGacTTYlykGVI)aneTotehIy. ´)anykéd»bk,alehIyRTehayM. TwkEPñk)anremol
« »
Føak;enAelIf<al;´ ehIy´manGarmμN_EsnBi)akcitþy:agxøaMg. GU+¡ sUm[ Kat; mkCYylYgelam
´mk.
em:agCagbYnehIy enAeBléLIgeTACan;xagelIvji . enAem:agR)aM éTAykdMLgÚ edaysgÇwm
faeyIgnwg)anCYbKña b:uEnþenAeBlénAkñúgbnÞb;TwkeFVIsk;´ Kat;)aneTACYb bUc.
ćg;CYyelakRsI v:an; daGan ehIy)aneLIgeTACan;xagelICamYyesovePA nigGVITaMgGs;
rbs;´ b:Eu nþreM BcenaH ´k¾manGarmμNf_ a TwkEPñk)anhUrFøak;mkeTot. ´)anRbjab;eTAkan;bnÞbT; kw
edaykan;kBa©k;qøúHmuxeTACamYypg. ´GgÁúyelIbgÁn;edayesøóksemøókbMBak;Cab;xøÜnTaMgGs;
TwkEPñk´)aneFVI[mansñamBN’exμAenAelIGaveGomBN’Rkhmrbs;´ ehIy´manGarmμN_Bi)akcitþ
y:agxøaMg.
180 Gan;E®hVg
«
enHehIyKWGVIEdlenAkñúgKMnit´ GU+¡ ńwgmin)anCYb pitF½r tampøÚvenHeT. nrNaeTAdwg
RbEhlCaKat;mincUlcitþ´ ehIyKat;minRtÚvkarnrNamñak;EdlTukcitþpgk¾mindwg. RbEhlCa
Kat;Kitmkrk´kñúgpøÚvFmμtab:ueNÑaH. ´RtÚvEtRtLb;eRkayeTAenAEtÉg edayKμan pitF½r KμankþI
sgÇwm KμanpasukPaB b¤ k¾GVImYyEdlRtÚvrg;caMeT. GU+¡ sUm[´Gacepþkk,alelIsμarbs;Kat;
ehIyminmanGarmμN_RtÚveKe)aHbg; nig enAÉekay:agGs;sgÇwm¡ GñkNaeTAdwgfa Kat;RbEhl
CaminykcitþTukdak;cMeBaH´Tal;EtesaH ehIysmøwgemIlGñkdéTtamreboby:agTn;Pøn;dUcKña.
´RbEhlCaRKan;EtRsémfa vaBiesssRmab;rUb´. GU+¡ pitF½r sUm[GñkGacB¤ b¤k¾eXIj´.
ebIsinCakarBitEdleFVI[xusbMNg ´minGacRTaM)aneT.
bnþiceRkaymk ´mansgÇwmeLIgvij eTaHCaTwkEPñkrbs;´kMBugEthUrenAkñúgdYgcitþk¾eday.
Gan; m> E®hVg rbs; XIFI
éf¶GaTitü TI20 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

GVIEdlekItmanenAkñúgpÞHGñkdéTeTotenAkñúgGMLúgeBlsRmakRbcaMs)aþh_ k¾ekItmanenAkñúg
GKarbEnßmerogral;éf¶GaTitüEdr. xN³EdlGñkdéTesøókBak;semøókbMBak;l¥² ehIyedIreRkam
BnøWRBHGaTitü eyIgduslage)assm¥at nige)akKk;semøókbMBak;.
enAem:agR)aMb³I eTaHCaBYkeyIgcg;edkeTotkþI k¾ DusEsl eRkakenAem:agR)aMbEI dr. Kat;eTAbnÞb;
TwkrYccuHeRkam bnÞab;mkeLIgelIvij ehIybnÞab;mkeTot k¾eTAbnÞb;TwkvijedaycMNayeBlrhUt
dl;eTAmYyem:ageBjedIm,ImuCTwkduslagxøÜn.
enAem:agR)aMbYnnigsamsibnaTI³ LRtÚv)andutePøIg rnaMgk¾RtÚvhUteLIg ehIyelakRsI v:an;
daGan sMedAeTAkan;bnÞb;Twk. RBwkéf¶GaTitüd¾l¥bMputmYyrbs;´ KWedkenAelIERK ehIysmøwgemIl
xñgrbs; DusEsl enAeBlKat;kBM gu bYgsYg. ´dwgfasþab;eTAdUcCacEmøk b:Eu nþ TidPæ aBEdl DusEsl
bYgsYgenaH emIleTAKYr[xøacNas;. enaHminEmnmkBIKat;ERsk b¤kl¾ nøgl; enøacenaHeT b:Eu nþKat;
cMNayeBldb;R)aMnaTIeBjGRgÜnRbGb;eCIgcuHeLIg. vabnþGcÍ‘ gw rhUt ehIyebI´minbiTEPñk[CiteT
´Gacvilmux.
em:agdb;nigdb;R)aMnaTI³ RKÜsar v:an; daGan hYckmSanþ. bnÞb;TwkenATMenr. enAkñúgRkúmRKÜsar
E®hVg muxEdlenAgguyeKgcab;epþImeRkakecjBIexñIyrbs;BYkeK. eRkaymkGVI²k¾ekIteLIgy:ag
rh½s. ńigm:ahÁút dUrevnKñae)akKk;semøókbMBak;. edayenACan;xageRkamRtCak; eyIgesøók
exaeCIgEvg ehIyykkEnSgrMuk,al. TnÞwmeBlenaH ):akMBugEtrvl;enAkñúgbnÞb;Twk. ´b¤k¾ m:ahÁút

manevncUlbnÞb;TwkenAem:agdb;mYy ehIyeRkaymkeyIgTaMgGs;Kñak¾s¥at)at.
em:agdb;mYynigsamsibnaTI³ GahareBlRBwk. ńwgminniyayerOgenHeRcIneT eRBaHman
karCECkRKb;RKan;ehIyGMBIGahar min)ac;élIkykRbFanbTenHmkr:ayr:ab;eToteT.
em:agdb;BIrnigdb;R)aMnaTI³ eyIgmñak;²eTAtampøÚverog²xøÜn. ):aBak;exaGaveFVIkarFmμta lut
CgÁg;duskRmaly:agxøaMgeFVI[FUlIhuyeBjbnÞb;. elak DusEsl erobcMERKbeNþIr hYcbeNþIr
dUcsMeLgvIyLU: gú xnsWtU rbs;Rkúm ebfUvni . eKB¤seM Lgm:ak; edIrcuHeLIgenAelIsaá k xN³EdlKat;
bBa©b;kargarduHlagrbs;Kat;. elak v:an; daGan Bak;mYkrbs;Kat; ehIy)anecjeTAtMbn;xag
eRkamedayman pitF½r nig mUsQI eTAtamEdr. elakRsI v:an; daGan Bak;GavEvgsRmab;eFVIkar
GavFMxøIeFVIBIRkNat;ELnBN’exμA eRsameCIgkarBarTwk rMukEnSgRkNat;ELnBN’exμACMuvijk,al
elIkk®nþkexaGavRbLak; ehIycuHmkeRkam. m:ahÁút nig´ lagcanqñaMg ehIyerobcMbnÞb;.
éf¶BuF TI23 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
taMgBImSilmij emXRsLHl¥Nas; ehIy´sb,aycitþ nigrh½srhYnCagmunbnþic.
sMeNrrbs;´dMeNIrkareTAmuxy:agl¥. éTAkan;saá kesÞrI Eterogral;RBwk edIm,IRsUbxül;Gakas.
enARBwkenH enAeBléTATIenaH pitF½r kMBugEtrvl;sm¥atxøÜn. Kat;bBa©b;karsm¥atxøÜny:agrh½s
ehIy)anmkkan;kEnøg´kMBugGgÁúy EdlćUlcitþCageKenAelIkRmal\dæ. eyIgTaMgBIremIleTA
emXBN’exovenAxageRkA edImeQIeqsþNat;53 \tsøkw Edlmandk;Tkw senSImPøeW pøk² stVreM BnigstV
déTeTotcaMgBnøWRBak²BN’R)ak; xN³EdlBYkvaehIrenAelIGakasehIyeyIgEsnrMePIbcitþ nig
rIkrayrhUtminGacBiBN’na)an. Kat;QrTl;k,alnwgFñwm cMENk´GgÁúycuH. eyIgdkdegðIm
RsUbxül;emIleTAeRkA ehIyeyIgTaMgBIrmanGarmμN_fa enHCaTidæPaBmYyEdlminRtÚvniyaykat;
edayBaküsmþIeLIy. eyIgsmøwgemIleTAeRkAGs;mYysnÞúHFM ehIyenAeBlKat;ecjeTAkan;
bnÞb;XøaMgedIm,IBuH]s ´dwgfa Kat;CaekμgRbúsl¥ nigRtwmRtÚvmñak;. Kat;eLIgCeNþIreq<aHeTAkan;
bnÞb;Cab;dMbUl ehIy´k¾edIrtam. enAkñúgGMLúgeBldb;R)aMnaTIEdlKat;kMBugEtkab;]s eyIgmin
53 RbePTedImeQImanEpøEdlmanbnøa nigmanRKab;GacbriePaK)anEdlCaTUeTAeKykvaeTAbMBg.
182 Gan;E®hVg
)anniyayrkKñamYym:at;eT. ´)ansmøwgemIlKat;BIkEnøgEdl´Qr ehIyeXIjfa Kat;)anRbwg

Gs;lT§PaB edIm,IBuH]s[)anl¥ nigbg¥ÜtkmøaMgrbs;Kat;. ´k¾emIleTAeRkAbg¥Üc smøwgemIlRkúg
GamsÞWdam emIldMbUlpÞH nigeCIgemXBN’exovx©IenAÉnay.
«
´Kitfa drabNaemXenAEtmanrsμIRBHGaTitü nigRsLHKμanBBk ehIyénAEtrIkray
cMeBaHTidæPaBenH etI´GaceRkómRkMy:agdUcemþceTA?
»sfskþisiT§bMputsRmab;GñkEdlP½yxøac b¤k¾Bi)akcitþ KWeFVIdMeNIrecjeRkAeTAkEnøgNa
mYyEdlBYkeKGacenAEtÉgCamYyépÞemX FmμCatinigRBHCam©as;. manEty:agdUecñHeT eTIbeK
GacmanGarmμN_fa GVI²TaMgGs;hak;dUcCaFmμta ehIymanGarmμN_fa RBHCam©as;manRBHT½ycg;
[mnusSelakmansuPmgÁlCamYysRms;FmμCati nig PaBRsNukRsYlkñúgFmμCati.
drabNarbs;TaMgenHenAEtman ehIysßitesßrCanirnþr_ ´dwgfa nwgmankarFUres,Iycitþ
cMeBaHral;PaBesakseRgg eTaHCaenAkal³eTs³Nak¾eday. éCOy:agmutmaMfa FmμCatiGac
naMmknUvpasukPaBpþl;dl;GñkTaMgLayNaEdlmankarQWcab;.
GU+¡ nrNaeTAdwg. RbEhlCaminyUreT ´muxCanwgGacmanGarmμN_dk;Cab;edaysuPmgÁl
enHCamYyGñkEdlmanGarmμN_dUc´.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
esckþIbEnßm karKit³ cMeBaH pitF½r
eyIg)an)at;bg;»kaseRcInNas;enATIenH ehIymanry³eBly:agyUreTotpg. ńwk
cg;)anvadUcCaÉgG‘ÍcwgEdr. ´minEmnniyayGMBIvtßúxageRkAxøÜneT eRBaHeyIgRtÚv)aneKpþl;[
RKb;RKan;ehIy. ćg;)anvtßúxagkñúgxøÜn. dUcCarUbÉgEdr ´R)afñacg;)anesrIPaB xül;Gakas
brisTu § b:Eu nþ´Kitfa eyIgRtÚv)anb:Hb:vU mkvijy:agbribrU ehIycMeBaHkar)at;bg;enaH. ćg;ny
i ay
fa kar)at;bg;rbs;xagkñúgxøÜn.
RBwkenH enAeBl´kMBugGgÁúyenAmuxbg¥Üc ehIysmøwgemIleTAq¶ayeTArkRBHCam©as; nig
FmμCati ´sb,aycitþenaHsb,ayEmnETn. pitF½r drabNamnusSeyIgmanGarmμN_TTYl
suPmgÁlRbePTenHenAkñúgxøÜn PaBrIkrayénFmμCati suxPaB nigGVIeRkABIenHCaeRcIneTotenaH
eKEtgEtGaccab;ykCafμInUvsuPmgÁlenH.
RTBüsm,tþi kitüanuPaB GVI²RKb;y:agGacnwgputrlt; GacRseBan b:uEnþvaEtgenATIenaHrhUt
drabNaGñkenAmanCIvit edIm,IeFVIxøÜnÉg[mansuPmgÁlCafμI.
eTaHenAeBlNak¾edayEdlGñkmanGarmμN_Éeka b¤ eRkómRkM cUrGñksakeTAkan;bnÞb;Cab;

dMblU enAéf¶dR¾ ss;bRM BgmYy ehIysmøgw emIleTAeRkA. minEmnemIlpÞH b¤dbM lU pÞHeT EtRtÚvemIl
eTAelIemX. drabNaGñkemIlemXeday\tP½yxøac Gñknwgdwgfa xønÜ GñkbrisTu § ehIynwgrkeXIj
suPmgÁlCafμIeTot.
éf¶GaTitü TI27 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
taMgBIRBwkRBlwmrhUtdl;yb;eRCA ´KitEtGMBI pitF½r edayKμaneFVGI TIV aMgGs;. édklg;lk;
edaymanrUbPaBKat;enABImxu EPñk ýl;sbþei XIjKat; ehIyeRkakeLIgeXIjKat;enAEtsmøgw mk´.
´manGarmμNy _ a: gmutmaMfa sMbkeRkA pitF½r nig rUb´xusKñaEtxagkñúg eyIgTaMgBIrRsedog
Kña. ńwgBnül;ÉgfaehtuG.IV Kat;kd¾ cU Édr eyIg\tmanm:ak;eT. m:ak;rbs;Kat;rLikrLk; cUlcitþ
mJúikmJ:k; ehIyminxVl;KitGVIeRcIneT. m:ak;´vij mancMNab;GarmμN_y:agxøaMgcMeBaHCIvit´ b:uEnþmin
mansil,_viFIsmehtupl b¤karyl;citþkñúgnamCamþayeLIy.
pitF½r nig rUb´ suT§EtkMBugxMRbwgRKb;RKgGarmμN_d¾EsneRCAenAkñúgxøÜn. eyIgmindwgRtÚv
Rbkan;Gakb,kiriyay:agem:c ehIyTn;exSayNas;rhUtminGacTTYlykPaBKMeraHKMerIyrbs;Gñk
epSg)an. enAeBlNaerOgenaHekIteLIg ćg;Etrt;ecjeRkA ehIybiT)aMgGarmμN_rbs;´.
pÞúyeTAvij ´)anév:canqñaMg CHTwk ehIyeFVIkÐúgkÐaMg rhUtdl;mnusSRKb;Kñabn;[éTA[
q¶ayrab;KILÚdI. Rbtikmμrbs; pitF½r KWbiTmat;xøÜnÉg niyaytictYc GgÁúyy:ages¶óms¶at; nig
revIrvayTaMgkNþaléf¶ edIm,Ilak;)aMgy:agRby½tñRbEygnUvrUbBitrbs;Kat;.
b:uEnþenATIbMput eyIgnwgmkenACitKña enAeBlNa nig edayrebobNa?
´mindwgfa etI´RtÚvbnþTb;karb:gR)afñaEbbenHdl;eBlNaeT.
éf¶c½nÞ TI28 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
vaeRbóbdUcCasubinGaRkk;mYy. karyl;sbþienHenAbnþmany:agyUr eTaHCaéRkakehIy
kþI. éXIjKat;swgral;em:ag b:uEnþénAEtminGacenACamYyKat;. ´min[nrNakt;smÁal;)aneT
184 Gan;E®hVg
ehIy´k¾eFVIb£kCarIkraykñúgcitþ eTaHbICaebHdUg´kMBugQWcukcab;kþI.
pitF½r sÁIhV nig pitF½r v:an; daGan )anrlaycUlKñaCapitF½rEtmYy Edll¥nigman
snþancitþ ehIyEdl´R)afñacg;)anCaTIbpM tu . m:ak;KrY [xøac ):avijl¥RCúlKYr[xwgxøagM Nas; ehIy
m:ahÁút GaRkk;CageKbMput eRBaHKat;ekgcMeNjBImuxjjwmrbs;´ edayeRbI´rhUt enAeBlćg;
enAEtÉg.
pitF½r Gt;)aneTAsáakCamYyéT b:uEnþ)aneLIgeTAelICan;Cab;dMbUl edIm,IeFVIkargarCag
eQI. enAral;eBlEdlmansñÚrrNarGareQI nigsMeLgkÐaMg² esckþIkøahanrbs;´RtÚv)at;Gs;
mþgehIymþgeTot ehIy´kan;EteRkómRkMEfmeTot. ehIyenATIq¶ay naLikaePøg)anvayem:ag
«
Twg² sUmmancitþesμaHRtg; sUmmanKMnitbrisuT§¡ . »
´dwgfa ´manmenaseBa©tna. ´xUccitþ nigqáÜt. ´k¾dwgfaxøÜnÉgG‘ÍcwgEdr.

GU+¡ CYy´pg¡

XIFI smøaj;/
erOgpÞal;xøÜn´RtÚv)anbMePøcecal eday>>>Kas;TVarBIyb;mij. ´kMBugEteFVI[ÉgFuj
edaykarsresrEtBIerOgecarcUlpÞH b:uEnþetI´GaceFVIGVI ebIecarecHEtRslaj;RTBüsm,tþiTIenH
enaH? ]bTÞvehtuenHsμKú sμajCag]bTÞvehtucugeRkayenAExkkáda qñaM1943 xøaMgNas;.
kalBIyb;mji evlaem:agR)aMBrI nigsamsibnaTI elak v:an; daGan kMBgu EtedIrsMedAeTAkan;
kariyal½yrbs;elak XuKø½r dUctamTmøab; enAeBlKat;eXIjfa TaMgTVarkBa©k; nigTVarkariyal½y
ebIkcMh. Kat;PJak;ep¥Il EtKat;enAEtbnþcUltamTVarenaHdEdl ehIyk¾kan;EtPJak;ep¥IlxøaMgEfm
eTot enAeBleXIjfa TVarbnÞbt; cU k¾ebIkcMhEdr nigmanPaBGarat;GarayKYr[xøacenAkñgú kariyal½y
« »
xagmux. Kat;k¾nwkkñúgcitþfa manecarcUlKas;pÞH . b:uEnþ edIm,I[dwgc,as; Kat;k¾cuHeRkamedIrmk
TVarxagmuxBinitüemIlesa ehIyeXIjvabiTCitTaMgGs;. elak v:an; daGan )ansnñidæanfa ebb «
»
nig pitF½r eFVsRbEhsxøaMgNas;kalBIl¶acmijenH . Kat;)ansßitenAkñúgbnÞb;kariyal½yrbs;
elak XuKø½r Gs;mYysnÞúH. Kat;biTePøIg rYceLIgeTACan;xagelI edaymin)anxVl;nwgTVarebIkcMh
b¤bnÞb;kariyal½yd¾Garat;GarayenaHeT.
RBwkenH taMgBIRBlwmRsag² pitF½r )aneKaHTVarrbs;eyIgedIm,IniyayR)ab;eyIgfa

TVarxagmuxRtÚvebIkcMhy:agFM ehIym:asuInbBa©aMgkun nighibyYrfμIrbs;elak XuKø½r )an)at;BIkñúgTU.
pitF½r RtÚv)aneKR)ab;[cak;esaTVar. elak v:an; daGan )anR)ab;eyIgGMBIkareXIjrbs;Kat;
kalBIyb;mij ehIyeyIgEsn)armÖNas;.
erOgenHGacmankarBnül;EtmYyb:ueNÑaH KWecarc,as;Camanesacmøgminxan eRBaHfa
eyIgmineXIjmansBaØaGVIEdlfa BYkvaKas;cUlmkeT. BYkvac,as;Ca)anlbcUltaMgBIRBlb;emø:H
ehIymksmM¶enAeRkayTVar edIm,Ilak;xøÜnenAeBlva)anB¤elak v:an; daGan. eRkaymk va)an
lYcykrbs;rbreTACamYyenAeBlelak v:an; daGan eLIgeTAelI)at;. vaRbjab;Rbjal;eBk
edayminrvl;biTTVar[CitvijeLIy.
etInrNaeKmanesapÞHrbs;eyIg? ehtuGkIV e¾ carenaHmineTAlYcenAÉXøagM ? etIvaCabuKlÁ ki
mñak;enAkñúgXøaMgrbs;eyIg b¤k¾vaykerOgeyIgeTAR)ab;b:Ulis[mkcab;BYkeyIgeRBaHva)anB¤elak
v:an; daGan niyay ehIyRbEhlCa)aneXIjKat;pgk¾mindwg?
vaBitCaKYr[xøacEmn eRBaHeyIgmindwgfa etIecarnwgseRmccitþBüayamcUlmkmþgeTotb¤
k¾y:agNaeT. b¤mYyetIvasøn;esøaeBk enAeBlB¤sMeLgnrNamñak;epSgeTotenAkñúgGKarrhUtdl;
rt;pHRkjaM?
Gan; rbs; XI F I
esckþbI Enßm eyIgnwgsb,aycitNþ as; ebIÉgGacrkGñkesubI karN_dB¾ EU kmñak;[BYkeyIg.
BitehIy GñkesuIbkarN_enaHRtÚveKarBlkçx½NÐmYyKWGacTukcitþ)anfa nwgminykkarN_BImnusS
EdlkMBuglak;xøÜneTAR)ab;eKeT.

XIFI smøaj;/
éf¶enH ´ nig m:ahÁtú )anenAelIsaá kCamYyKña. énATIenaHminsb,aydUcEdl´Kitfa énA
CamYy pitF½r ¬b¤nrNaepSgeTot¦eT. ´dwgfa Kat;km¾ anGarmμNd_ cU Édr cMeBaHerOgPaKeRcInbMptu ¡
enAeBllagcan ebb )ancab;epþImniyayCamYym:ak; nig elakRsI v:an; daGan GMBIerOg
Edlfa Kat;)ak;Tkw citdþ l;kRmitNa. etIGkñ TaMgBIrenaHCYypþlG; dIV l;Kat;eTA? CaBiessm:ak;Edl
minbuinRbsb;rbs;eyIg KWKat;RKan;EteFVI[bBaðaGaRkk;kan;EtF¶n;F¶rEfmeTotb:ueNÑaH. etIÉgdwg
186 Gan;E®hVg
eTKat;[dMbUnμanfaem:c? Kat;fa ebb KYrEtKitGMBImnusSTaMgGs;déTeTotenAkñúgBiPBelakEdl

kMBugEtevTna¡ etIkarKitGMBIPaBevTnarbs;GñkdéTGacCYyGVI)aneTA ebIGñkevTnaenAkñúgxøÜneTA
ehIyenaH? enAeBlńiyaydUcKñaG‘ÍcwgEdr BYkeKeqøIytbfa ´minKYrlUklan;cUlkñúgkarsnÞna
RbePTenHeT.
mnusScas;manlkçN³qáÜtEbbenHpghñ+¡ eKeFVIdUcCa pitF½r m:ahÁút ebb nig´hak;dUcCa
minmanGarmμN_dUcKñaG‘Ícwg. erOgEtmYyKt;EdlGacCYy)an enaHKWkarRslaj;rbs;m:ak;mñak; b¤
k¾karRslaj;rbs;mitþCitsñiT§bMputmñak;. b:uEnþmþayTaMgBIrenHminyl;bBaðacm,grbs;eyIgesaH¡
elakRsI v:an; daGan RbEhlyl;erOgenHCagm:ak;bnþic. GU+¡ ´bYgsYgsUm[´Gac)anniyay
CamYy ebb. ćg;niyayGMBIGVIEdl´dwgtamry³bTBiesaFn_pÞal;xøÜnrbs;´. ´Kitfa vanwg
CYyeyIg. b:uEnþ ):a)ancUlmkenAcenøaHeyIg ehIyrujécjeTAmçagy:agRcgab;Rcgil. BYkeK
TaMgGs;qáÜtEmnETn¡
´k¾)anniyayCamYy m:ahÁút GMBI):anigm:ak;Edr. ńiyayerOgfa etIval¥y:agNaenATIenH
ebIsinCaBYkeKminKYr[FujEbbenH. enAerogral;l¶ac eyIgnwgGacerobcM[mankarBiPakSaEdl
mankarbeBa©jmtimþgmñak;²GMBIRbFanbTmYyEdleyIgRBmeRBógKñaelIkykmkniyay. b:uEnþ
vaTaMgenaHhYseTAehIysRmab;eyIg. ´minGacniyayGI)aneTenATIenH¡ elak v:an; daGan
bnþvaylukBaküsmþI. m:ak;k¾eRbIBaküRbmafvij ehIyniyays¥Ik¾eday suT§EtdMeLIgsrésk
TaMgGs;. ):amincg;cUlBak;B½n§enAkñúgkarCECkKñaenHeT ehIyelak DusEsl k¾mincg;Edr.
elakRsI v:an; daGan RtÚv)anriHKn;jwkjab;CaxøaMg rhUtdl;Kat;GgÁúyeLIgmuxRkhm. Kat;
esÞIrEtmintbtvij)aneToteT. cuHetIBYkeyIgy:agem:cvij? eKmin[eyIgmaneyabl;eT.
BaküsmþrI bs;´minGacniyayeTAmux)aneT KW)anRtwmEtfa ´>>>´>>>¡ ´minmaneyabl;NamYyeT¡
eKGacR)ab;[ÉgbiTmat; b:uEnþBYkeKminGacniyayGVIEdleFVI[Égmincg;lUkmat;maneyabl;enaH
eT. ÉgminGachamXat;nrNamñak;min[maneyabl;)aneLIy eTaHCaeKekμgy:agNak¾eday¡
manEtmü:agKt;EdlnwgCYy ebb m:ahÁút pitF½r nig ´ KWesckþIRslaj; nigPkþIPaBEdleyIgmin
GacmaneLIyenATIenH. KμannrNamñak; BiessmnusScmáÜt²enATIenH Gacyl;BIcitþeyIgeT
eRBaHkarKitKUrrbs;eyIgmanlkçN³eCOnelOnCagBYkeKKiteTAeTot¡
esckþRI slaj; etIesckþRI slaj;CaGVeI TA? ´Kitfa ÉgminGacykBaküeBcn_mkBiBN’nava)aneT.
esckþIRslaj;KWkaryl;citþnrNamñak; ykcitþTukdak;cMeBaHeK rYmsuxrYmTukçCamYyeK. TIbMputGMeBIenaHnaM
mknUvkarRslaj;rUbxageRkA. GñkEckrMElkGVImYy pþl;GVImYy[eK ehIyTTYlGVImYymkvij minfaÉgman

bþIRbBn§ b¤enAlIveT minfaÉgmankUnb¤Gt;eT. eFVIxusk¾minGIEdr drabNaÉgdwgfa lÁwkNaÉgmanCIvitelI
elakenH ÉgnwgmannrNamñak;enAEk,rÉg Edlyl;citþÉg ehIyCarbs;ÉgEtmYyKt; edayminEmnCa
rbs;nrNaepSgeToteT¡
enAeBlenH m:ak;rG‘Udak;éTotehIy. Kat;c,as;CaRcENnEdlńiyayCamYyelakRsI

v:an; daGan eRcInCagniyayCamYyKat;. éTAxVl;s¥ICamYyKat;¡
´GacCYb pitF½r )anenAresolenH ehIyeyIgk¾)anCECkKñaGs;ry³eBly:agticEssibR)aM
naTI. Kat;cg;niyayGVImYyGMBIxøÜnKat; b:uEnþvaminEmnRsYleT kñúgkareFVIG‘ÍcwgenaH. TIbMput Kat;k¾
dac;citþniyayvaecjmk eTaHbICaKat;sÞak;esÞIry:agyUrkþI. niyayedayesμaHRtg;´Gt;dwgfa
etI´KYrEtcakecjb¤enATIenHeT. b:uEnþ ćg;CYyKat;Nas;¡ ´)anR)ab;Kat;GMBIerOg ebb nigGMBI
karEdlmþay²rbs;eyIgminRbsb;niyayGVIesaH. Kat;R)ab;´fa ):a m:ak;Kat;eQøaHKña\tQb;
GMBIerOgneya)ay )arI nigerOgr:avepSgeTotEdlGacman. dUc´)anR)ab;ÉgBImunehIyfa
pitF½r eGoneRcInNas; b:uEnþmindl;fñak;minh‘ansarPaBfa Kat;sb,aycitþBn;eBkNas; ebIsinCa
«
min)anCYbmux):am:ak;rbs;Kat;ry³eBlmYyqñaM b¤k¾BIrqñaM. Kat;niyayfa ):arbs;´minCacitþl¥dUc
rUbeRkArbs;Kat;eT. b:uEnþ cMeBaHerOg)arIvij m:ak;BitCaRtwmRtÚvTaMgRsug . »
´k¾)anR)ab;Kat;GMBIm:ak;rbs;Édr. b:uEnþKat;)anQandl;niyaysresIrkarBar):arbs;´
«
vij. Kat;Kitfa):aCa mnusSGs©arü . »
enAyb;enH eBl´kMBugEtBüÜrGaveGomrbs;´bnÞab;BI´lagcanrYc Kat;)anehA´ ehIy

R)ab;min[ńiyays¥IenAxageRkam GMBIerOg):am:ak;rbs;Kat;eQøaHKña nigminniyayrkKñaeLIy.
´)ansnüaCamYyKat; b:uEnþ´)anR)ab;erOgenaHdl; m:ahÁút rYceTAehIy. b:uEnþ ´sgÇwmfa m:ahÁút
nwgminykerOgenaHeTAniyaybnþeToteT.
«
´)anniyayfa GU+¡ eT pitF½r GñkminKYr)armÖGMBIéT. ´minecHb:):ac;b:e):acerOgRKb;y:ag
Edl´)andwgesaHeLIy. ńwgminniyayteToteTnUvGVIEdl pitF½r R)ab;énaH . »
Kat;rIkrayNas;EdlB¤dUecñH. ´k¾)anR)ab;Kat;fa etIBYkeyIgCamnusScUlcitþniyayedIm

«
eKKYr[xøacdl;kRmitNa. ´)anniyayfa m:ahÁút BitCaniyayRtÚvehIyEdlfa´minesμaHRtg;
188 Gan;E®hVg
eRBaHfa écHEtcg;niyayBiPakSaGMBI DusEsl.

« »
Kat;niyayfa val¥ehIyEdl Gan; )ansarPaBy:agenH . muxKat;eLIgRkhm ehIykar
sresIrRtg;²rbs;Kat;esÞIrEteFVI[´xμasKat;Edr.
« » « »
bnÞab;mk eyIgniyayBI erOgenACan;xagelI nig Can;xageRkam bEnßmeTot. pitF½r
«
BitCaragPJak;ep¥IlbnþicEdldwgfa eyIgmincUlcitþ):am:ak;rbs;Kat;. ńiyayfa pitF½r dwgehIy
ÉtgesμaHRtg;CamYy pitF½r dUecñHetIehtuGVIEdl´minRtÚvR)ab;erOgenHdl; pitF½r EdrenaH?
eyIgk¾GacemIleXIjkMhusrbs;BYkKat;Edr . »
«
´)anbEnßmfa pitF½r ´BitCacg;CYy. etIGnuBaØat[ĆYyeT? pitF½r kMBugpugxøÜnkñúgGnøg;
d¾Bi)akmYy ehIyeTaHbICa pitF½r minniyayGVIk¾eday k¾´dwgEdrfa vaeFVI[ pitF½r Gak;Gn;citþ . »
« GU+ ´sVaKmn_karCYyrbs; Gan; Canic©¡ »
« RbEhlCa pitF½r KYrEtniyayCamYy):aehIyemIleTA. pitF½r GacniyayGVIR)ab;Kat;k¾

)an Kat;nwgminykvaeTAniyaybnþeToteT . »
« ´dwgfaKat;CamitþBitR)akd . »
« pitF½r cUlcitþKat;Nas; minG‘Ícwgb¤? »
«
pitF½r gk;k,al ehIyńiyaybnþeTotfa Kat;k¾cUlcitþ pitF½r Edr dwgeT¡ . »
Kat;egIyemIleTAelIy:agelOn ehIymuxKat;eLIgRkhm. ´BitCarMePIbcitþNas; Edl

«
BaküsmþIb:unμanm:at;enHeFVI[Kat;sb,aycitþdl;møwg. Kat;ecaTsYrfa etI Gan; KitdUecñaHb¤? . »
«
´)anniyayfa ca+s¡ pitF½r GacR)ab;Kat;cab;BIerOgkMbuikkMb:ukeTA eBlenaHKat;nwgrbUt
mat;niyayBIenHBIenaHminxan .»
«
bnÞab;mk elak v:an; daGan cUlmkdl;. pitF½rCa bursGs©arü dUc):aG‘Icwg¡ »

XIFI smøaj;/
enAeBl´smøwgemIlePøIgeTonenAraRtIenH ´manGarmμN_s¶b;s¶at;nigrIkrayCafμImþgeTot.
elakyayhak;dUcCakMBugsßitenAkñúgePøIgeTonenaH edIm,IemIlEfnigkarBar´ nigeFVI[´rIkrayCafμI
eTot. b:uEnþ>>>manmnusSmñak;EdlRKb;RKgGarmμN_rbs;´ ehIyeKenaHKW>>>pitF½r. ´)aneTAyk
dMLÚgenAéf¶enH ehIyenAeBl´kMBugQrelICeNþIredaykan;xÞHEdlmandMLÚgeBjeRbóbenaH Kat;

«
sYr´fa etI Gan; eFVIGVIenAkñúgeBlsRmakGaharéf¶Rtg; . »
´GgÁyú enAelICeNþrI ehIyeyIgcab;epþmI CECkKña. Tal;Etem:agR)aMngi db;R)aMnaTI ¬mYyem:ag

bnÞab;BIéTAykdMLÚg¦ eTIbdMLÚgeTAdl;c®gáan)ay. pitF½r min)anniyayGVIGMBI):am:ak;rbs;Kat;
eToteT. eyIgRKan;EtnaMKñaniyayGMBIesovePA nigGMBIGtItkalb:ueNÑaH. GU+¡ Kat;emIlmk´
edayRkEsEPñky:agkk;ekþA. ´Kitfa minyUreLIy ńwg)ak;citþRslaj;Kat;.
Kat;)anelIkykRbFanbTenaHmkniyayenAl¶acenH. éTAkan;bnÞb;rbs;Kat; bnÞab;BI
«
citsMbkdMLÚgehIy ehIykt;smÁal;dMLÚgekþAGIemø:H. ´)anniyayfa GñkGacdwgsItuNðPaB)an
edayRKan;EtemIl m:ahÁút nig´ eRBaHeyIgERbCaesøksøaMgenAeBlRtCak; ehIyeLIgRkhmmux
enAeBlekþA . »
«
Kat;)ansYrfa )ak;citþRslaj;? . »
« »
ehtuGVI´RtÚvRslaj;? . vaCacemøIyqáÜtNas;. ¬b¤k¾sMNYrragqáÜtbnþic¦.
« »
Kat;niyayfa ehtuGVIk¾min)an? ehIybnÞab;mkk¾dl;eBlGahareBll¶ac.
etIKat;cg;mann½yfaem:c? TIbMput enAéf¶enH´k¾GacsYrKat;fa etIkarEdlńiyayb:):ac;
« »
b:e):acenaH rMxandl;Kat;Edrb¤k¾Gt;. cemøIyrbs;Kat;KWfa GU+¡ val¥eTetIsRmab;´ . ´minGac
R)ab;Ég[Gs;)aneTnUvcemøIyrbs;Kat; eRBaHEt´mankarxμaseGon.
XIFI ´hak;dUcCamnusSmñak;Edlcab;epþImmanesckþIesñha ehIyminGacniyayGVI)aneLIy
eRkABIKUesñh_CaTIRslaj;Gs;BIdYgcitþrbs;xøÜn. pitF½r KWCamnusSCaTIRslaj;mYyrUb. etI´
GacnwgR)ab;rUbKat;GMBIerOgenaH)aneT? sUm[Kat;KitdUecñHcMeBaHrUbÉdrcuH b:uEnþ ´KWCaRbePT
mnusSEdlRtÚvkarPaBTn;Pøn;CamYy. ´dwgerOgTaMgGs;enaHc,as;Nas;eTAehIy. cMENkKat;
cUlcitþkMu[maneKmkrMxan ehIycUlcitþenAm:g;²Etmñak;Ég. emø:aHehIy ´Gt;dwgfa Kat;cUlcitþ´
b:unNaeT. eTaHCay:agNakþI eyIgcab;epþImsÁal;Kñakan;Etc,as;CagmunbnþicehIy. ´bn;[eyIg
h‘anniyayeRcInCagenHeTot. b:uEnþ nrNaeTAdwgerOgenH)aneTA. ´sUm[eBlevlaenaH)anmk
dl;qab;Cag´)anKiteTAeTot¡ mþgCaBIrdgkñgú mYyéf¶ Kat;EtgEtemIlmk´kñgú RkEsEPñkdwgcitmþ y Y
´jak;EPñkdak;Kat;vji ehIyeyIgTaMgBIrk¾sb,ayrIkray. ´qátÜ EmnEdlniyayBIGarmμNr_ kI ray
rbs;Kat;. b:uEnþ ´manGarmμN_y:agmutmaMfa Kat;k¾Kitmk´dUcCa´Kitdl;Kat;Edr.
190 Gan;E®hVg

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
enHKWCaéf¶esAr_dMbUgbg¥s;enAkñúgry³eBlb:unμanExmkenH Edl´minmanPaBenOyNay
PaBeRkómRkM nigPaBFujRTan;. ehtuplenaH KWedaysarEtrUb pitF½r. enAeBlRBwkenH
xN³EdlédIreTAbnÞb;sáakedIm,IhalGaveGomrbs;´ ):a)ansYr´fa etIcg;enATIenaH ehIyhat;
eronPasa)araMgEdrb¤eT. ´)aneqøy « »
I fa ca+s¡ ćg; . eyIgniyayPasa)araMgdak;Kañ eTAvijeTAmk
Gs;mYysnÞúH ehIy´k¾)anBnül;enHBnül;enaHdl; pitF½r. rYcbnÞab;mkeTot eyIgnaMKñaeron
PasaGg;eKøsmþg. ):a)anGanB¤²nUvRbelamelakrbs; Dikxins_ ehIy´vijmanGarmμN_fa xøÜn
ÉgkMBugEtsßitenAelIzansYK’TIR)aMBIr eRBaH´kMBugEtGgÁúyelIekAGIrbs;):aenAekoknwg pitF½r.
´)ancuHeTACan;eRkamenAevlaem:agdb;mYyxVHdb;R)aMnaTI. eBléLIgmkelIvijenAem:ag
db;mYynig samsibnaTI pitF½r )anrg;caMĆaeRscenAelIkaMCeNþIr. eyIgCECkKñarhUtdl;em:ag
mYyxVHdb;R)aMnaTI. enARKb;eBlEdlćakecjBIbnÞb; ]TahrN_ dUcCaeRkayjúaM)ayrYc nig
enAeBl pitF½r man»kas nigKμannrNaepSgGacsþab;B¤enaH pitF½r EtgEtniyaymkkan;´fa
«laehIy Gan; CYbKñaenAeBleRkayeTot . »
GU¡+ ÉsnrIkrayGVeI møH: eT¡ ´q¶lf; a etIKat;ngw cab;cti Rþ slaj;´b¤? eTaHbIya: gNakþI Kat;Ca
ekμgRbúsd¾lm¥ añ k; ehIyÉgBitCamindwgeTfa etIvaRbéBy:agNa eBlEdlniyayCamYyKat;enaH¡.
elakRsI v:an; daGan Kitfa vaminCafVIeTEdlńiyayCamYy pitF½r b:uEnþéf¶enHKat;sYr
«
cMGn;´fa etI´GacTukcitþ)aneT EdlÉgenATIenaHs¶at;²EtBIrnak;? . »
« »
´tv:afa BitehIy ćat;TukerOgenHCakarRbmaf¡ . ´rg;caMCYb pitF½r minfaéf¶b¤yb;
eLIy.
esckþIbEnßm éhobnwgePøc[Qwgfa yb;mij RBil)anFøak;mkRKbdNþb;GVI²TaMgGs;.
\LÚvvarlay ehIyesÞIrEtKμanGVIenAsl;eT.
éf¶c½nÞ TI6 ExmIna qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
cab;taMgBIRKaEdl pitF½r )anR)ab;´GMBI):am:ak;rbs;Kat; ´manGarmμN_y:agR)akdGMBIkar
TTYlxusRtÚvcMeBaHrUbKat;. etIÉgminKitfa vaKYr[cEmøkeTb¤? vahak;dUcCafa CemøaHrbs;BYkeK

CamYy pitF½r PaKeRcIndUcCamYyÉdr. b:uEnþ´minh‘anelIkvamkniyayeToteT eRBaH´xøacfa
vanwgeFVI[Kat;minRsYlkñúgcitþ. ´mincg;rMxanKat;eLIy eTaHbICamanehtuplNamYyk¾eday.
´GacniyayR)ab;ÉgenAcMeBaHmux pitF½r fa Kat;Kti dUc´RKb;ya: g. yb;mji ´mYem:AenAeBl
« »
elakRsI v:an; daGan ERskcMGkfa GñkecHKit¡ . pitF½r muxeLIgRkhm ehIymanGarmμN_
Gam:as;mux cMENkésÞIrEtpÞúHkMhwg.
ehtuGVIeKTaMgGs;enHminRBmbiTmat;esaH? ÉgminGacKitdl;eLIyfa etIvay:agem:cEdl
QremIl ehIyeXIjKat;Éekadl;kRmitNaenaH b:uEnþ´minGaceFVIGVI)aneLIy. ´GacKitRsém
dl;TMhMénPaBGs;sgÇwmrbs;Kat; eRbóbdUcCa´sßitenAkñúgsßanPaBdUcKat;Edr. niyayBIesckþI
Rslaj;vij pitF½r d¾kmSt; RtÚvkar[eKÉgRslaj;Kat;xøaMgNas;¡
sþab;eTAhak;dUcCaesaHkeRkaHNas; enAeBlEdlKat;niyayfa Kat;minRtÚvkarmitþeT.
GU+ Kat;niyayxusehIy¡ ´Kitfa Kat;mincg;niyayG‘ÍcwgeT. Kat;Rbkan;x¢ab;PaBCamnusSRbús
rbs;Kat; GarmμN_s¶b;s¶at;nigkareFVIb£kCamineGIeBIrbs;Kat; dUcenHKat;GacEfrkSakarsm¶at;
rbs;Kat;dEdl. emø:aHehIyKat;min)ac;bgðajGarm~N_xøÜn[eKeXIjeT. pitF½r d¾kmSt; etIKat;
GaceFVIy:agenH)anyUrb:uNÑaeTA? etIKat;nwgminRKelosxøÜnecjBIkic©RbwgERbgd¾lM)akenHeTb¤?
GU+¡ pitF½r sUm[´GacCYyGñk)anpg sUmGñkGnuBaØat[ĆYypg. eyIgGacrYmKñabM)at;
PaBÉekaTaMgrbs;Gñknigrbs;´ rYmKñaEtmþg¡
´kMBugKiteRcInNas; EtminniyayeRcIneT. ´sb,aycitþeBléXIjKat; ehIykan;Et
sb,ayCagenHeTAeTot RbsinebIRBHGaTitübeBa©jBnøWenAeBleyIgenACamYyKña. mSilmij
´)ankk;sk;rbs;´ ehIyedaysar´)andwgfa Kat;enACitenaH éTACaeRtkGreLIgRcegg
RcgagEmnETn. ´minGacTb;va)aneT ´kan;Ets¶b;s¶at;nighμt;ct;kñúgxøÜn ´kan;EtRceggRcgag
enAxageRkA¡ etInrNaCaGñkTImYyEdlrkeXIjcMNucexSayrbs;´?
vaCakarl¥EdlRKÜsar v:an; daGan minmankUnRsI. karCmñHrbs;´minmanbBaðaxøaMg Rss;
bMRBgxøaMg nigl¥xøaMg cMeBaHnrNamñak;EdlmanePTdUcKñaeT¡
esckþIbEnßm ÉgdwgehIyfa ÉtgEtesμaHRtg;CamYyÉg. dUecñH´Kitfa ´KYrEtR)ab;
Égfa ´rs;enAqøgkat;BIbTBiesaFn_mYyeTAbTBiesaFn_mYyeTot. énAEtbnþsgÇwmnig)andwgfa
192 Gan;E®hVg
Kat;Esncg;CYbmux´ ehIy´rIkray\t]bma enAeBl´smÁal;eXIjnUvbMNgd¾eGoneRbónrbs;

Kat;. ´Kitfa Kat;Gaccg;latRtdagxøÜnÉg tamsRmÜldUcÉdr. Kat;dwgtictYcNas;BIPaBqÁaMqÁg
rbs;Kat; Edlýl;faKYr[rMePIbEmnETn enAeBleXIjPaBqÁaMqÁgenaH.
éf¶GgÁar TI7 ExmIna qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
enAeBl´Kitdl;CIvitrbs;´kalBIqñaM1942 hak;dUcCavaTaMgGs;minEmnCaerOgBitG‘Ícwg.
Gan; E®hVg EdlrIkraycMeBaHGtßiPaBzansYK’enH BitCaxusEbøkTaMgRsugBI Gan; E®hVg
EdlFMFat;CaekμgqøatenAkñúgCBa¢aMgTaMgenH. ca+s¡ vaCazansYK’. manGñkesI¶csresIrR)aMnak;enA
RKb;RCúg manmitþPkþiémÖnak;b¤eRcInCagenH manRKÚ²eRcInnak;bMputEdlćUlcitþ RtÚvTeRmIs[xUc
eday):anigm:ak; manfg;sárRKab;eBj nigmanluycayy:ageRcIn. etImanGVIeRcInCagenHeTot
EdlnrNamñak;GacesñIsMu)aneT?
ÉgRbEhlCaq¶l;ehIyfa etI´GacTak;TajGñkTaMgenaHedayviFINa. pitF½r niyayfa
vaeRBaHEténHKYr[Tak;Tajcitþ b:uEnþ vaminsuT§EtG‘ÍcwgTaMgGs;eT. RKÚbeRgónrIkraynigsb,ay
edaysarEtcemøIyd¾qøatrbs;´ BaküsmþId¾kMbøúkkMEbøgrbs;´ muxjjwmBRBayrbs;´ nigKMnit
riHKn;rbs;´. ´KWy:agenHÉg³ mancritkac;rag[eKÉgcUlcitþ mJiúkmJ:k; nigRkmicRkemIm. ´man
cMNucbEnßmBIrbIeTotEdleFVI[eKRKb;KñaeFVIl¥dak;´³ ´]sSah_kñúgkargar esμaHRtg;nigcitþl¥.
´minEdlkMNaj;min[eKlYcemIlcemøIyrbs;éT. ćUlcitþ[sárRKab;dl;eKÉgRKb;Kña ehIy
manemaTkPaB.
etIkaresI¶csresIrTaMgGs;enaH TIbMputk¾eFVI[´manCMenOcitþhYsehtub¤? vaCaerOgl¥mYy
EdlenAeBl´manPaBrugerOgdl;kMBUlehIyenaH rMeBcenaHrUb´k¾RtÚvFøak;eTAkñúgtfPaBmYy.
´RtÚvcMNayeBlGs;CagmYyqñaM edIm,I[suaMeTAnwgkarrs;enAedayKμankaresI¶csresIr.
etIBYkeKyl;eXIjBIý:agdUcemþcenAÉsalaeron? ĆaGñkkMEbøgRbcaMfñak; CaemekIyeK
rhUtminEdlmanGarmμN_minl¥ nigminEdlCaekμgyMeRcIn. etIvaGs©arüeT EdlmnusSRKb;Kñacg;
CiHkg;eTAeronCamYy´ b¤k¾CYyykGasa´.
émIleTAdl; Gan; E®hVg enaH CaekμgRsIrYsray kMEbøg Etmancritrak;kMEpl EdlKμan
«
GVITak;TgesaHnwgrUb´bc©úb,nñ. etI pitF½r niyayfaem:cGMBIéTA? Kat;niyayfa enARKb;eBl
Edl´)aneXIjGñk GñkRtÚvrMBu T½ C§ CuM ti edayhVgÚ ekμgRsI nigekμgRbúsy:agticBIrnak;. GñkesIcCanic©

»
ehIyEtgEtCamnusSEdleKcab;GarmμN_¡ . Kat;niyayRtÚvehIy.
etI Gan; E®hVg enaHmanenAsl;GVI? GU+¡ éPøcrebobesIc b¤k¾niyayb:):ac;b:e):ac.
ebImindl;fñak;BUEkCageKeT ´k¾BUEkriHKn;eKÉg ehIyenAEtGacmJiúkm:Jk; nigkMEbøgKYr[cg;esIceTot
ebIsinCa´BitCacg;eFVI.
b:uEnþ vamankarlM)ak. ćg;rs;enAedayminxVayxVl; nigedayrIkray ry³eBlmYyl¶ac
BIrbIéf¶ mYys)aþh_. enAcugs)aþh_enaH ´Gs;kmøaMgeLIgTn;édTn;eCIg ehIydwgKuNcMeBaHmnusS
dMbgU eKEdlniyayCamYy´GMBGI mIV y Y EdlmanGtßny ½ . ´RtÚvkarmitPþ kþi minEmnGñkesIc¶ sresIreT.
mnusSEdleKarBédaysarGakb,kiriya nigTegVIrbs;´ minEmnedaysarsñamjjwmbeBa¢arenaH
eLIy. mCÄdæanCMuvijxøÜnńwgtUcCagmuneRcIn b:uEnþvanwgmanbBaðaGVI drabNaBYkeKesμaHRtg;?
eTaHbICamanGVIRKb;y:agkþI k¾´minsb,aycitþrhUteBjmYyqñaM1942Edr. Cajwkjab;
´manGarmμN_faRtÚveKe)aHbg; b:uEnþedaysarEt´rvl;eBjmYyéf¶ ´min)anKitdl;erOgenaHeT.
´sb,ay[)aneRcIntamEdlGac ehIy´BüayamTaMgdwgxøÜn nigmindwgxøÜn edIm,IrkerOgkMEbøgmk
niyaykMdrenAeBlTMenr.
enAeBlemIlRtLb;eRkay ´dwgfa CIvitrbs;énAry³eBlenaH minGacERbRkLas;vil
mkvijeLIy. eBlevlaeronsURtenAsalaedayBM)u ac;xaV yxVlG; nIV gw ElgmanCaerogrhUt. sUm,I
Etnwknadl;vak¾´minnwkpg. Élgcab;GarmμN_nwgvaeTotehIy eRBaH´kan;EtceRmInv½yeLIg.
ÉlgGacelgdUcekμgeTot eRBaHPaBmuWgm:at;EtgEtelcecjenAkñúgxøÜn´rhUt.
émIleXIjCIvitrbs;´rhUtdl;buNücUlqñaMfμI KWqñaM1944 hak;dUcCa´kMBugemIltamEkv
BRgIkd¾xøaMgmYy. enAeBlénAÉpÞH CIvitrbs;éBareBjedayBnøWrsμIRBHGaTitü. eRkaymk
enABak;kNþalqñaM1942 GVI²RKb;y:ag)anpøas;bþÚrTaMgRsugkñúgeBlEtmYyyb;b:ueNÑaH. CemøaH
karecaTRbkan;>>>GU+¡ ´minGacrab;vaGs;eT. ´RtÚveKcab;fñak;TaMgmindwgxøÜn ehIy´manmeFüa)ay
EtmYyKt;edIm,IrkSa\riyabfrbs;xøÜn KWRtÚvCECkbkeTAvij.
qmasTImYyqñaM1943 )annaMmknUvsERmkyM PaBÉeka nigkaryl;dwgCabeNþIr²GMBI
kMhus nigKuNvibtþirbs;´ EdlmaneRcInenaHeRcInEmnETn. ńiyayy:agb:):ac;eBjmYyéf¶
ehIyBüayamGUsTaj BIm [mkCit´ b:uEnþ´minGaceFVI)an. erOgenH)aneFVI[énAÉekaedIm,I
RbQmmuxnwgParkic©d¾lM)ak edIm,IEklm¥xøÜn´ dUecñH´min)ac;B¤karriHKn;rbs;BYkeKeT eRBaHBYkeK
194 Gan;E®hVg
eFVI[´Gs;sgÇwm.
qmasTIBIrénqñaM1943 GVI²mansPaBl¥RbesIrbnþiceLIgvij. ´køayCaekμgCMTg; ehIy
RtÚv)aneKykcitþTukdak;kan;EteRcIneLIgdUcCaĆamnusSeBjv½yG‘Ícwg. ćab;epþImKitGMBIbBaða
nana ehIycab;epþImsresrerOg. TIbBa©b;´snñidæanfa GñkdéTminmanGVITak;TgCamYyéT.
BYkeKKμansiT§ibgVilćuHeLIg[eyaleyakdUcCae):alnaLikaenaHeLIy. ćg;EkERbxøÜn´tamviFI
pÞal;rbs;´. ´)andwgfa ´GaceFVI)anTaMgRsugedaymin)ac;man m:ak; ehIyerOgenaHeFVI[´QW
cab;. b:uEnþ GVIEdlb:HBal;ĆagenHeTotenaHKWkarEdl´dwgfa ńwgminGaceCOCak;elI):aeTot
eLIy. ´minGacTukcitþnrNaeRkABIxøÜnÉgeT.
bnÞab;BImankarpøas;bþÚrenAbuNücUlqñaMfμI karpøas;bþÚrFMbMputTIBIr)anekItmaneLIg. enaHKW
subni rbs;´. enAkñgú subni enaH ´)andwgfaxønÜ ÉgR)afñacg;)an>>>ekμgRbúsmñak; KWmni EmnmitRþ sIeT.
´k¾)andwgBIsuPmgÁlkñúgdYgcitþ Edlbgáb;xøÜnenABIeRkamrUbPaBxageRkAd¾rIkray nig esI².
b:Eu nþCnY kal´)ansßti enAkñgú PaBs¶bs; a¶ t; ¬minniyay¦ eLIgvijEdr. \LÚvenH ´rs;edIm,IEt pitF½r
b:ueNÑaH eRBaHGVIEdlekItmancMeBaHénAeBlGnaKt mYyPaKFMKWGaRs½yelIrUbKat;¡
«
édkelIERKenAeBlyb; bnÞab;B)I anbBa©bk; arsURtFm’bgY sYgedayBaküfa ´m©as;smU Eføg
GMNrKuNdl;RBHCam©as; sRmab;GVI²Edll¥nigKYr[Rslaj; ehIyRss;s¥at . bnÞab;mk ´k¾ »
mankarrIkraysb,aycitþy:agbribUr. ´Kitdl;kareTAlak;xøÜn suxPaB nigKitfa xøÜn´TaMgmUl

CamnusSl¥. esckþIesñharbs; pitF½r ¬EdlenAfμInigpuyRsYy ehIyEdlKμannrNamñak;kñúg
cMeNameyIgTaMgBIrr:ayr:ab;[eKÉg)andwgB¤enAeLIy¦ GnaKt suPmgÁl nigkarRslaj;RtÚv)an
cat;TukfaCaGVI²CaTIRslaj;. BiPBelak FmμCati nigsRms;d¾Gs©arüénGVI²TaMgGs; nigGVI²
TaMgGs;EdlrugerOgRtÚvcat;TukfaRss;s¥at.
enAeBlevlaEbbenH ´minKitGMBIPaBevTnaTaMgLayeT b:uEnþKitEtGMBIsRms;EdlenAEt
manenAeLIy. cMNucenHehIy EdlnaM[m:ak;nig´xusKñay:agxøaMgenaH. dMbUnμanrbs;m:ak;enA
«
cMeBaHmuxPaBRsegHRsegacenaHKWfa KitGMBIkarQWcab;pgTaMgBYgenAkñúgBiPBelak ehIyRtÚv
»
ecHdwgKuNEdlGñkmin)anTTYlvamYyEpñkNaenaHpg . dMbUnμanrbs;´KWfa RtÚvecjeTAeRkA «
eTAkan;FmμCati rIkraycMeBaHRBHGaTitü nigGVI²TaMgGs;EdlFmμCatipþl;[. ecjeRkAehIy

Büayamcab;ykCafμInUvsuPmgÁlEdlkb;enAkñúgxøÜneyIg. KitGMBIsRms;enAkñúgxøÜn nigGVIRKb;y:ag
enACMuvijGñk ehIyeFVIcitþ[sb,ayrIkray . »
´minKitfa dMbUnμanrbs;m:ak;GacRtwmRtÚveT eRBaHfaetIGñknwgRtÚveFVIy:agem:ceTA ebIsinCa

GñkkøayCaEpñkmYyénkarQWcab;? GñknwgRtÚvcaj;TaMgRsug. pÞúyeTAvij sRms;enAEtman
sUm,IEtenAeBlmaneRKaHGaRkk;kþI. ebIGñkRKan;EtEsVgrkva GñknwgrkeXIjsuPmgÁleRcIneLIg²
EfmeTot ehIyGaceFVI[xøÜnmantulüPaBeLIgvij. mnusSmñak;EdlrIkray nwgeFVI[GñkdéTrIkray
Edr. mnusSmñak;EdlmanesckþIkøahan nigCMenOTMnukcitþ nwgminsøab;edaysarPaBevTnaeT¡
m:ahÁtú nig ´ sresrlixti xøeI qøy

I qøgKñaeTAvijeTAmkRKan;EtedIm,Ikarsb,ayb:eu NÑaH.
Gan;³ vacEmøkEmn b:Eu nþ ´GaccaMéf¶bnÞab;BGI )IV anekIteLIgenAyb;mnu enaH. ]TahrN_

ńwkeXIjmYyrMeBcfa elak DusEsl kMBugEtRsmuky:agB¤²kalBIyb;mij.
¬\LÚvem:agbIxVHdb;R)aMnaTI enAresoléf¶BuF ehIyelak DusEsl kMBugEtRsmuk
eTot. ehtudUecñaHehIy)anCavacUlmksNæitenAkñúgKMnit´¦. enAeBl´RtÚveRbI
kenßar ´manectnaeFVI[vaB¤kan;EtkÐúgkÐaMg edIm,I[karRsmukenaHQb;eTAvij.
m:ahÁút³ etIkarRsmuknigkardgðk;rkxül;mYyNaval¥Cag?
Gan;³ karRsmukl¥Cag eRBaHvaQb;eTAvij enAeBl´bgásMeLgkÐúgkÐaMg

edaymineFVI[mnusSEdlkMBugedklk;PJak;.
XIFI CaTIRslaj; GVIEdl´min)ansresreTA[ m:ahÁút b:uEnþEdlćg;sarPaBR)ab;Ég

enaHKW ýl;sbþieXIj pitF½r eRcInNas;. kalBIyb;mSilém:¶mYy ´)anyl;sbþifa ´kMBug
EtCiHEs,keCIgrMGil ¬):ataMg¦ enATIenH enAkñúgbnÞb;TTYlePJóvrbs;eyIgCamYyekμgRbústUcenaH
mkBIkEnøgedIrrMGil Gab:UlLÚ Kat;enACamYyb¥ÚnRsIrbs;Kat;. ekμgRsIenaHmaneCIgtUc²ehIy
Evg nagesøókBak;exaGavBN’exovdUcKña. ´)anENnaMxøÜn´[BYkeKsÁal;. TnÞwmenaH ´k¾bgðÜseTA
196 Gan;E®hVg
sYreQμaHrbs;ekμgRbúsenaH. Kat;eQμaH pitF½r. enAkñúgyl;sbþirbs;´ ´q¶l;fa etImaneQμaH

pitF½r b:unμannak;eTAEdl´sÁal;enAeBlenH¡.
eRkaymk ýl;sbþieXIjfa eyIgkMBugEtQrenAkñúgbnÞb;rbs; pitF½r edayQrTl;mux
KñaenACitkaMCeNþIr. ´)anniyaysþIGVImYyeTArkKat;. Kat;efIb´mYyxSWt b:uEnþ)aneqøIytbfa
Kat;minRslaj;ésaHeLIy ehIy´minKYrmJkiú mJk: d; ak;Kat;eT. ´)anniyayedayGgVrkrnigy:ag
«
Gs;sgÇwmfa ´Gt;mJúikmJ:k;eT pitF½r¡ . »
enAeBléRkakBIdMeNk ´sb,aycitþ eRBaH pitF½r min)anniyaydUecñaHeT.

yb;mij ýl;sbþieXIjeyIgkMBugefIbKña b:uEnþ f<al;rbs; pitF½r )aneFVI[´xkcitþ
eRBaHvaminTn;elμyI dUcEdleyIgemIleXIjeT. vadUcCaf<al;rbs;)a: eRcInCag. vadUcCaf<al;rbs;
mnusSmñak;EdlekarerammuxrYcehIy.

XIFI smøaj;/
« »
suPasit eRKaHGaRkk;mni EdlekIteLIgdac;edayELkeT BitCaekItmanenAéf¶enH. pitF½r
eTIbnwgniyaysuPasitenaH. sUm[´R)ab;ÉgGMBIerOgd¾KYr[xøacTaMgGs;Edl)anekIteLIgehIy
EdlkMBugEtvilvl;enAkñúgxYrk,alrbs;eyIg.
dMbUg emob QWedaysarEtGaBah_BiBah_rbs; GaMgey nig higç kalBImSilmij. Kat;
)anqøgCMgWpþasayenA evsÞ½reKIk54 EdleK)anerobcMBiFIGaBah_BiBah_enATIenaH. TIBIr elak ekøm:g;
min)anvilRtLb;eTAeFVkI arvijeT cab;taMgBIRkBHrbs;Kat;)ancab;epþmI hUrQamkalBIeBlmunenH.
dUecñH ebb RtÚv)aneKTuk[TTYlxusRtÚvEtmñak;Ég. TIbI b:Ulis)anXat;xøÜnbursmñak; ¬Edl´min
sresreQμaHKat;eT¦. vaminRtwmEtGaRkk;sRmab;bursenaHeT b:uEnþBYkeyIgk¾G‘ÍcwgEdr eRBaH
Kat;CaGñkykdMLÚg bWr nig dMNab; mk[BYkeyIg. elak Gim ¬eQμaHEdléhAKat;¦ mankUn
R)aMnak;EdlmanGayueRkamdb;bIqñaM ehIymankUnmYyeTotenAkñúgépÞmþay.
yb;mji eyIgmankarP½yxøactUcmYyeTot. eyIgkMBgu EtjúaGM ahareBll¶ac enAxN³enaH
mannrNamñak;eKaHCBa¢aMgrbs;eyIgenACitTVar. enAyb;enaH eyIgRBÜy)armÖnigRsBab;RseBan.
54 CaviharsasnaRKwsþd¾sMxan;mYyenAkNþalTIRkúgGamsÞWdam ¬sagsg;enAkñúgstvtSr_TI16 nig17¦. vazitenAEk,r
pÞHrbs; Gan; E®hVg.
enAeBlfμI²enH ´KμancitþnwgsresrGMBIGVIEdlkMBugEtbnþekItmanenATIenHesaH. ´rvl;KitEtBI

erOgéRcInCag. sUmkMuyl;xuscMeBaH´. ´BitCarkaMcitþNas; GMBIGVIEdl)anekIteLIgcMeBaH
elak Gim d¾RkIRkEtcitþl¥ b:uEnþminmankEnøgsl;enAkñúgesovePAkMNt;ehturbs;´ edIm,Ikt;RtaBI
Kat;eLIy.
éf¶GgÁar BuF nig RBhs,t× ´kMBgu sßti enAkñgú bnÞbr; bs; pitF½r cab;BeI m:agbYnnigsamsibnaTI
dl;em:agR)aMngi db;R)aMnaTI. eyIgeronPasa)araMgrbs;eyIg ehIyCECkKñaBIerOgmYyeTAerOgmYy
eTot. ´BitCarg;caMem:agenaHenAeBlresol b:uEnþerOgl¥bMputKW´Kitfa pitF½r k¾rIkrayEdrEdl
)anCYb´.

XIFI smøaj;/
enAeBlfμI²enH ´minGacGgÁúyenAes¶ómmYykEnøg)aneT. éLIgeTAelIrYccuHeRkamcuH
eLIg². ćUlcitþniyayCamYy pitF½r b:uEnþ´xøacfa xøÜnÉgCamnusSrMxaneK. Kat;)anR)ab;´
tictYcGMBIerOgGtItkal GMBI):am:ak;rbs;Kat; nigGMBIxøÜnKat;. b:uEnþ vaminRKb;RKan;eT ehIy
erogral;R)aMnaTImþg ´q¶l;faehtuGVIýl;eXIjfaxøÜnÉgcg;)anGVIbEnßmeTot. Kat;Føab;Kitfa Ća
mnusSrMxan ehIyGarmμN_enHKWmaneTAmanmk. ´)anpøas;bþÚrKMnit b:uEnþeFVIemþc´dwgfa Kat;)an
pøas;bþÚrKMnitKat;EdreTAhñ+? ´Kitfa Kat;BitCaG‘ÍcwgEmn b:uEnþenaHminmann½yfa eyIgRtÚvkøayCa
mitlþ b¥ pM tu enaHeT. cMeBaH´ vanwgeFV[I eyIgGacGt;»n[KñabEnßmeTot enAeBleyIgenACamYyKña.
b:uEnþ ´minbeNþay[erOgenHdwkRcmuH´[qáÜteT. ćMNayeBlevlaRKb;RKan;ehIyedIm,IKitGMBI
Kat; ´k¾minRtÚv[ÉgdwgTaMgGs;KμancenøaHEdr eRBaHfaévTnaNas;eTAehIy¡.
éf¶GaTitü TI12 ExmIna qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
erOgr:avkan;EtmansPaBqáÜteTA²enATIenH enAxN³EdleBlevlaCaeRcIn)anknøgputeTA.
pitF½r min)anemIlmuxéT cab;taMgBIéf¶mSilmk. Kat;sEmþgb£kBahak;dUcCaxwgnwg´G‘Ícwg. ´
RbwgGs;smtßPaBedIm,IkMu[xøÜnÉgedjtamKat; ehIyniyayCamYyKat;[)anticbMputtamEdl
198 Gan;E®hVg
Gac. b:uEnþeFVIdUecñHminEmnRsYleT¡ etIGVIkMBugekItman etIGVIeFVI[Kat;mincg;rak;Tak;CamYy´mYy

naTINa ehIyRbjab;Rbjal;RtLb;enAmçagénAnaTIbnÞab;mk? RbEhlCa´kMBgu Rsémfa vaGaRkk;
CagFatuBti rbs;vaeTAeTot. RbEhlKat;manGarmμN_dUc´ ehIyéf¶Es¥kGVIRKb;y:agnwgl¥eLIg
vij¡.
´Bi)akbMputenAkñúgkarBüayamEfrkSarUbPaBxageRkACaFmμtamYy enAeBl´manGarmμN_
evTnanigeRkomRkM. ´RtÚvEtniyay CYykargarCMuvijpÞH GgÁúyCamYyGñkdéT ehIyBiesseFVIxøÜn
[rIkray¡ CaBiess ńwkdl;eTsPaBxageRkA ehIycg;)ankEnøgmYyEdl´GacenAEtÉg)an
yUrtamcitþćg;¡ XIFI ´Kitfa éFVI[GVI²RKb;y:agenARcbUkRcbl;Kña b:uEnþbnÞab;mk ´sßitenAkñúg
PaBRcbUkRcbl;TaMgRsug. mü:ageTot ésÞIrEtElgdwgxusRtÚvedaysaresckþIR)afñacg;)an
Kat;. ´minGacminemIlmuxKat;)aneTenAkñúgbnÞb;CamYyKña. mü:ageTotenaH´q¶l;fa ehtuGVI)anCa
Kat;sMxan;cMeBaHémø:H ehIyehtuGVI)anCa´minGacs¶b;s¶at;eLIgvij¡.
«
minfaéf¶b¤yb;eLIy enAeBl´PJak;dwgxøÜn ´min)aneFVIGVIeRkABIecaTsYrxøÜnÉgfa etI´)an
pþl;[Kat;nUv»kasRKb;RKan;edIm,IenAEtÉgEdreT? etI´kMBugEt)ancMNayeBleTAenACan;xag
elIeRcIneBkeTdwg? etIńiyayRbFanbTeRCA²eRcInhYs EdlKat;minTan;cg;niyayEmneT?
RbEhlCaKat;mni TaMgcUlcit´þ pg? etITaMgGs;enaH vasuTE§ tCakarRsémrbs;´b¤? b:uEnþebIG‘Ícwg
»
ehtuGVIKat;R)ab;éRcInemø:HGMBIxøÜnKat;?etIKat;esaksþayeTEdl)aneFVIdUecñH? bnÞab;mk)an
ecaTsYrbBaðaCaeRcIneTot.
kalBIresoléf¶mSil ´Gs;kmøaMgy:aglðitélð enAeBlB¤dMNwgeRkómRkMBIxageRkA. dUecñH
´k¾edkenAelIe):AGuImYyRseLt. ćg;edkehIymin)ac;KitGVITaMgGs;. ´)anedkrhUtdl;em:ag
bYn b:uEnþbnÞab;mk´RtÚveTAbnÞb;Cab;´. vaminEmnCakargayRsYleT EdleqøIynwgsMNYrTaMgGs;
rbs;m:ak; ehIyrkelsedIm,IBnül;R)ab;):aGMBIkarEdlédkTaMgeBlresolenH. ´)anR)ab;
Kat;fa ´QWk,al ehIy´min)anPrKat;eT eRBaH´QWEmn>>>enAkñúgxøÜn¡.
mnusSsamBaØ ekμgRsIsamBaØ ekμgCMTg;dUcCarUb´suT§EtKitfa ĆaekμgtUccmáÜtEdlKitEt
BIGaNitGasUrxøÜnÉg. b:uEnþ ´KWy:agenaHehIy. ´sUmniyayR)ab;Ég[Gs;BIGarmμN_rbs;´.
enAeBlbnþmk éFVIb£keQøIy rYsray sb,ay nig manCMenOelIxøÜnÉgtamEdl´GaceFVI)an
edIm,IecosvageqøIysMNYr ehIyecosvagmineFVI[xøÜn´xwg.
m:ahÁút citþl¥Nas; ehIycg;[´R)ab;GVI²dl;Kat; b:uEnþ´minGacR)ab;Kat;RKb;y:ag)aneT.
Kat;ykcitþTukdak;´xøaMgEmnETn ehIycMNayeBlCaeRcInKitGMBIb¥ÚnRsIcmáÜtrbs;Kat;. Kat;

smøwgemIlý:agykcitþTukdak;enARKb;eBlEdlébIkmat;niyay ehIyKat;q¶l;fa etInagkMBug «
EteFVIelg b¤k¾EmnETn? . »
eRBaHeyIgEtgEtenACamYyKña ´mincg;[mnusSEdl´R)ab;erOgBit enACit´RKb;eBlevla

eT.
etIenAeBlNaeTIb´RCHRsLHBIKMnitd¾RcbUkRcbl;rbs;´? enAeBlNaeTIb´rkeXIjPaB
s¶b;s¶at;enAkñúgxøÜnCafμIeTot?
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
vaGaceFV[I Égsb,ay ¬eTaH´minsb,aykþ¦I enAeBlÉg)andwgGVEI dleyIgjúaeM nAéf¶enH.
®sþIe)assm¥atkMBugeFVIkarenACan;xageRkam dUecñHenAeBlenH´GgÁúyenAtuRkalkRmalmin
RCabTwkrbs;RKÜsar v:an; daGan ehIyykkEnSgéd)aj;TwkGb;RkGUbsm½ymuns®gÁammkxÞb;
«
RcmuHnigmat;. ÉgRbEhlCaminTan;dwgfa etIćg;niyayBIGVIeT. dUecñH sUm[´ cab;epþImR)ab;
»
ÉgBIedImdMbUgeTA . mnusSEdlykb½NÑrbbGaharmk[eyIgRtÚv)aneKcab;xøÜn. dUecñHeyIg
manEtesovePArbbGaharTijBIpSarggwtcMnYnR)aMk,alb:ueNÑaH. eyIgminmanb½NÑrbbGahar
minmanxøaj; nigeRbgeT. eRBaHfa emob nig elak ekøm:g; QWmþgeTot ebb minGaccat;Ecg
kargarTijGIv:an;eT. GaharminmanKuNPaB ehIyeyIgk¾evTna. enAéf¶Es¥k eyIgnwgminmanxøaj;
bWr nigbWreFVBI eI RbgrukCç atieT. eyIgminGacjúadM LM gÚ econenAeBlGahareBlRBwkeLIy ¬eyIgFøab;
júaMvaedIm,IsnSMnMb½ug¦ dUecñHeyIgk¾júaMGaharFBaØCatiekþA²vij ehIyedayelakRsI v:an; daGan
Kitfa eyIgnwgdac;eBaH eyIg)anTijGaharlaydMLÚgBak;kNþalnigFBaØCatiBak;kNþalmYy
cMnYn. Gaharéf¶Rtg;éf¶enHman dMLÚgkin nigés<RCk;. erOgenHBnül;BIviFankarbgáaredayeRbI
kEnSgéd. ÉgnwgmineCOeTfa etIés<RCk;enaHkøni s¥y ú xøagM dl;kRmitNa enAeBlEdlvaRtÚv)aneK
EfrkSaTukGs;ry³eBldl;eTABIrbIqñaMenaH¡ pÞH)ayFMukøinEpøpøúm55s¥úy s‘uts¥úy nigTwkGMbiléRb
55 EpøeQIEdlmanragmUlTn; mansMbkrelag nigmansac;manrsCatiEp¥m.

200 Gan;E®hVg
layLMKña. Gða+¡ RKan;EtKitfa nwgRtÚvjúaMGaharesμakeRKakenaH ćg;k¥Ütmun)at;eTAehIy¡ eRkA

BIenaHdMLÚgrbs;eyIgmanqøgemeraKCMgWcEmøk²Nas; rhUtdl;mandMLÚgmYyk®nþkkñúgcMeNamBIr
k®nþk RtÚv)anykeTAe)aHecalkñúgsMram. eyIgkMdrGarmμN_xøÜnÉg edayBüayamKit[dwgfa
etIdMLÚgenaHqøgemeraKCMgWGVI. eyIg)ansnñidæanfa vamanCMgWmharIk GutFM nigk®Ba¢il. niyay
edayesμaHRtg;eTA karlak;xøÜnkñúgGMLúgeBls®gÁamenAqñaMTIbYn minmankaredIrkmSanþeT. sUm[
Gakøins¥úyTaMgGs;enaH)at;[Gs;eTAelak¡.
niyaytamRtg;eTAcuH sRmab;´GaharminEmnCabBaðaFMdeuM T ebIsni Cakarrs;enATIenaHsb,ay
rIkrayCagenH. b:uEnþ eFVIy:agNak¾eCosminrYcEdr. dMeNIrCIvitd¾KYr[FujRTan;cab;epþImeFVI[eyIg
TaMgGs;Kañ suTE§ tkøayCamnusSKYr[s¥b.; xageRkamenH KWCamtirbs;mnusSFat;R)aMnak;sBIþ sI aß nPaB
bc©bú ,nñ ¬kUnekμgminRtÚv)aneKGnuBaØat[manmtieT ehIyelIkenH ´)anRbkan;x¢ab;c,ab;enaH¦³
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ ´Qb;cg;eFVIcugePAenApÞH)ayyUrmkehIy. b:uEnþ GgÁúyedayGt;
eFVIGVI KWKYr[FujRTan;EmnETn. dUecñH ´k¾vilRtLb;eTAcm¥inGaharvij. b:uEnþénAEtminGacRTaM
minrG‘UrTaM)aneT. cm¥inGahar ebIKμaneRbgk¾minGaceFVI)anEdr ehIykøinKYr[ex<ImreGImTaMgenaH
eFVI[ćg;Etk¥Üt. eRkABIenH etI´TTYl)anGVIBIkarRbwgERbgrbs;´? karrmilKuN nigBaküsmþI
minKYrsm. ´RtÚveKs¥bC; anic.© ´RtÚveKbenÞassBVEtmux. bEnßmelIenHeTot ´manmtifas®gÁam
dUcCavivtþn_tictYcNas;. enATIbBa©b; GaløWm:g;nwgQñHs®gÁam. ´P½yxøacNas;fa eyIgnwgdac;
eBaHsøab; ehIyenAeBlmanGarmμN_mYem:A ÉRskcMTalTaMgkMhwgdak;mnusSRKb;KñaEdlmkCit
»
´.
«
elak v:an; daGan³ Ćk;)arImYyedImehIymYyedImeTotbnþknÞúyKña. bnÞab;mkGahar
sßanPaBneya)ay nigGarmμN_rbs; ExlI TMngCaminGaRkk;Nas;NaeT. ExlI Casmøaj;citþ
mñak;. ebI´KμanGVICk; ńwgQW bnÞab;mk ´RtÚvhUbsac;. CIvitkan;EtminGacRTaMRT)an. KμanGVIl¥
eT ehIyCemøaHd¾ekþAKKukkMBugEtbRmúgnwgekItman. ExlI rbs;ĆamnusSqáÜtEmn . »
«
elakRsI E®hVg³ GaharminsMxan;Nas;NaeT. b:uEnþ\LÚvenH ´RtÚvkarnMb½ugmYycMNit
eRBaH´XøanNas;. ebIĆaelakRsI v:an; daGan ńwg[elak v:an; daGan Qb;Ck;)arIyUrehIy.
b:uEnþ \LÚvćg;)an)arImYyedImxøaMgNas; BIeRBaHxYrk,al´kMBugEtvilk,úg. RKÜsar v:an; daGan
CamnusSGaRkk;éRkElg. CnCatiGg;eKøsmankMhuseRcInNas; b:uEnþs®gÁamkMBugEtbnþeTAeTot.
´KYrEtbiTmat;[CitkMuniyaysþI ehIydwgKuNEdlxøÜn´minenARbeTsb:ULÚj . »
«
elak E®hVg³ GVI²l¥Fmμta. ´minRtÚvkars¥IeT. eyIgenAs¶b;s¶at; eRBaHeyIgsMbUreBl
evla. RKan;Et[dMLÚgmk´ ehIyńwgenAes¶óms¶at;. ykl¥Tukrbb´mYycMENk[eTA ebb.
sßanPaBneya)aykMBugEtRbesIreLIgvij. ´mansuTidæiniymxøaMgNas; . »
«
elak DusEsl³ ´RtÚvEteFVI[cb;ral;kargarEdl´RtÚveFVI. GVIRKb;y:agRtÚvEt[rYcral;
Tan;em:ag. sßanPaBneya)ayminmanGIERbRbÜleT. mingaynrNaGacrkeyIgeXIjenATIenaHeT . »
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
sMeLgf¶Úr[rhuiH)anelcecjBIPaBRsegHRsegac nigvasnaGaRkk;Gs;BIrbIRsbk; GVI²
«
Edl´)anB¤enAéf¶enHKW ebImanekIterOgenHerOgenaH eyIgnwgmanbBaða ehIyebImannrNamñak;
QW eyIgRtÚvemIlEfTaMxøÜneyIg ehIyebI>>> . »
EmnehIy Ég)andwgerOgepSgeTotehIy b¤k¾CagenHeTotenaH ´snμtfaÉgsÁal;Gñk

rs;enAGKarbEnßm lμmGacTay)anfa etIBYkeKnwgniyayGVI.
« »
ehtuplsRmab;Bakü ebI TaMgenaHKWfa elak XuKø½r RtÚv)aneKekaHehA[mkeFVIkmμviFI
lm¥itkargarry³eBlR)aMmYyéf¶. ebb ekItCMgWpþasay ehIyéf¶Es¥k Kat;RbEhlCanwgenA
pÞH. emob minTan;sHes,IyBICMgWpþasayFMenAeLIy ehIyelak XuKø½r hUrQamtamRkBHy:ag
eRcInrhUteFVI[Kat;snøb;. erOgr:avGIk¾Tukçesakemø:HeT¡.
eyIgKitfa elak XuKø½r RtÚvEteTArkRKÚeBTüKYr[Tukcitþmñak; edIm,IsMulixitbBa¢ak;BIsßanPaB
suxPaBrbs;Kat; rYcykvaeTA[salaRkúgenAhuIlevIsaM. buKÁlikXøaMgnwgRtÚv)aneK[Qb;mYy
éf¶enAéf¶Es¥k dUecñH ebb nwgÉekaEtÉgenAkñúgkariyal½y. ebIsinCa ¬manBakü ebI eTot « »
ehIy¦ ebb RtÚvenApÞH eyIgnwgminebIkesaTVareT ehIyeyIgnwgsßitenAkñúgPaBs¶b;s¶at;TaMgRsug

mYy. dUecñHRkúmh‘un ekk nwgminB¤sMeLgeyIgeT. ehIy eCn nwgmkenAem:agmYy edIm,IsaksYr
suxTukçBYkGñkEdlKμanBMnwgcMnYnknøHem:ag. Kat;eFVIdUcCaGñkEfrkSastVenAkñúgsYnstVG‘Ícwg.
CaelIkdMbUgenAkñúgry³eBlCaeRcInqñaM enAresolenH eCn )anR)ab;eyIgnUvdMNwgxøHBI
BiPBelakxageRkA. ÉgKYrEt)aneXIjBYkeyIgmkenA[rhg;CMuvijxøÜnKat;. TidæPaBenaHemIleTA
«
dUcCarUbPaB³ enAEk,rCgÁg;rbs;elakyay . »
202 Gan;E®hVg
Kat;)aneFV[I Gñksþab;dgw KuN edaysar)anesIcsb,ay bnÞab;BKI at;ny i ayBIerOgGahar.

elakRsI PI Camitmþ añ k;rbs; emob )ancm¥ni GaharsRmab; eCn. kalBImSilém:¶ eCn hUbkar:tu
CamYysENþk)ay. kalBImSilmij Kat;hbU GaharenAsl;. éf¶enH elakRsI PI cm¥ni sENþk
)araMgFM² ehIyéf¶Es¥k Kat;manKeRmagkinkar:utEdlenAsl;CamYydMLÚg.
eyIg)ansYrGMBIevC¢bNÐitrbs; emob.
«
eCn niyay RKÚeBTü? RKÚeBTüs¥I? ´)anehAKat;enARBwkenH ehIyniyayTUrs½BÞeTArk
elxarbs;Kat;. ésñIsMuevC¢bBa¢asRmab;Büa)alCMgWpþasay b:uEnþRtÚv)aneKR)ab;fa ´Gacmk
TTYlevC¢bBa¢aenaHenARBwkéf¶Es¥k kñúgcenøaHBIem:agR)aMbIdl;em:agR)aMbYn. ebIsinCaGñkmanCMgW
«
pþasayBitCaF¶n;F¶renaH elakevC¢bNÐitKat;nwgmkniyayTUrs½BÞR)ab;fa elonGNþatGñkecj
« »
mkehIyniyay Gða . GU+¡ ´Gacsþab;B¤ehIy GñkÉgQWk. ńwgsresrevC¢bBa¢amYy ehIy
»
GñkGacykvaeTATijfñaMjúaMenAÉ»sfsßan)an. sUm[)ansuxsb,ay . Etb:uNÑwgKWvaeRsc
)ac;eTAehIy. kargarKat;RsYlGIemø:H. Kat;eFVIeraKvinicä½ytamEtTUrs½BÞ. b:uEnþ´minKYrbenÞas
elakevC¢bNÐiteT. mnusSeyIgmanédEtBIreT ehIysBVéf¶enH manGñkCMgWeRcInNas; b:uEnþ
RKÚeBTüvijmanEsntic . »
b:uEnþ eyIgenAEtGs;sMeNIcEmnETncMeBaHTUrs½BÞrbs; eCn. ´GacnwkRsém)anfa etI

bnÞb;rg;caMrbs;elakevC¢bNÐit mansPaBEbbNaenAeBlenH. evC¢bNÐitminykEPñkemIleT
«
cMeBaHGñkCMgRW kIRk b:Eu nþKat;emIlEtGñkEdlmanCMgRW sal²b:eu NÑaH. BYkeKKitfa eGð¡ etIGkñ Ég
kMBugeFVIGIVenATIenH? eTAQreRkayeKenAcugCYreTA GñkCMgWQWEmnETnmanGaTiPaB¡ . »
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
GakasFatuEsnGMeNaypl ehIyRss;bMRBgNas;. ńwgeTAbnÞb;sáakenAeBlbnþic
eTotenH.
\LÚv´dwgehIy ehtuGVIk¾´rsab;rsl;enAmines¶ómxøaMgCag pitF½r eTAeTotenaH. Kat;man
bnÞb;pÞal;xøÜnEdlKat;GaceFVIkar yl;sbþi Kit nigedkenATIenaH)an. ´RtÚvedjBIkEnøgmYyeTA
kEnøgmYy\tQb;Qr. ´minGacsmM¶enAEtÉgenAkñúgbnÞb;eT eTaHbICaćg;y:agNak¾eday
eRBaHénAbnÞb;enaHCamYy DusEsl. enaHk¾CaehtuplmYyeTotEdléTARCkenAkñúgbnÞb;

sáak. enAeBlEdlénATIenaH b¤ke¾ nACamYynwgÉg ´GacenAs¶at;EtÉg)any:agehacNas;k¾
mYyEPøtEdr. b:uEnþ ´mincg;fÚ¶r b¤TYjesakGVIeT. pÞúyeTAvij ćg;eFVIcitþ[køahan¡.
sUmGrKuNdl;RBHCam©as; EdlGñkdéTminkt;smÁal;eXIjGarmμN_d¾EsneRCAbMputenAkñúg
xøÜn´. elIkElgEtfa ral;éf¶BYkeKsmÁal;eXIj´kan;EtesaHkeRkaH nigemIlgaycMeBaHm:ak;
b:ueNÑaH. TnÞwmenaH ´kan;EtminsUvRslaj;):a nigminsUvmanbMNgrYmpþl;KMnitNamYyCamYy
m:ahÁút eLIy. ´bgçaMgxøÜny:agCab;. CagenHeTAeTot ´RtÚvEfrkSaCMenO nigTMnukcitþrbs;´.
KμannrNadwgeLIyfa citþnigKMnitrbs;´ EtgEtRbTaMgRbeTIsKñaCab;Canic©. rhUtmkdl;eBlenH
ehtuplEtgQñH b:uEnþetIcitþrbs;ńwgmaneRbóbCagb¤? eBlxøH´manGarmμN_P½yxøacfa vanwg
G‘ÍcwgEmn b:uEnþjwkjab;CagenHeTot ´BitCasgÇwmfavadUecñaHEmn¡.
GU+¡ ´mhaBi)akEmnETnenAkñúgkarminykerOgTaMgenHeTAniyayCamYy pitF½r b:uEnþ´dwgfa
´RtÚvEt[Kat;cab;epþImmun. eBléf¶´Bi)akxøaMgNas; mindwgRtÚvmanskmμPaBEbbNaeT eRbob
dUcCafa GVIRKb;y:agEdl´)anniyaynig)aneFVIenAkñúgsubinenaH min)anekIteLIgG‘Ícwg¡ XIFI
ÉgdwgeT Gan; qáÜtEmn b:uEnþ TaMgenHKWCaeBlevlaqáÜt² ehIyEfmTaMgCakal³eTs³qáÜtLb;
CagenHeTAeTot.
GVIEdll¥bMputenaHKW´Gackt;Rtaral;KMnitnigGarmμN_TaMgGs;rbs;´. ebIBMuenaHeT ´muxCa
fb;degðImsøab;minxan. ´q¶l;fa etI pitF½r Kity:agem:ceTAGMBIerOgTaMgenH? écHEtKitfa éf¶
NamYyńwgGacniyayBIerOgTaMgenHCamYyKat;. Kat;c,as;Ca)an):an;sμanehIyfa etI´manGVI
lak;TukenAkñúgxøÜn eRBaHfaKat;minGacRslaj;rUbPaBxageRkArbs; Gan; EdlKat;)ansÁal;eT
rhUtmkdl;eBlenH¡ etIeFVIdUcemþc mnusSmñak;dUcCa pitF½r EdlcUlcitþPaBs¶b;s¶at; nigs¶at;
es¶ómGacRTaMnwgPaBeqøqøa nigkarLÚLarbs;´)an? etIKat;nwgCamnusSdMbUgeKEdl)andwgmuxmat;
Bitrbs;´b¤? etIKat;ngw cMNayeBlyUrb¤eTIbdwgdUecñH? etIKaμ nBakücas;NamYyniyayfaesñha
RsedognwgkarGaNitGasUrxøHeTb¤? etIenaHminEmnCaGVEI dlkMBgu EtekItmanenATIenHb¤ya: gNa?
BIeRBaHCajwkjab; ÉtgEtGaNitKat;dUcCa´GaNitxøÜnÉdr¡.
niyayedayesμaHRtg;eTA KW´Gt;dwgfa RtÚvcab;epþImy:agdUcemþceT. ´BitCaGt;dwgEmn.
dUecñH etI´GacrMBwgy:agdUcemþceTAfa pitF½r nwgdwg ebIcMeBaHKat;karniyaysþIBi)akRsab;eTAehIy
enaH? sUm[´GacsresrR)ab;Kat;BIKMnitenH y:agehacNas; Kat;k¾)andwgEdr GMBIGVIEdl´
204 Gan;E®hVg
kMBugEtBüayamniyay eRBaH´Bi)akniyayva[eKÉgB¤Nas;¡.

CUncMeBaHmitþCaTIRslaj;bMputrbs;´/
bnÞab;BIenaH GVI²TaMgGs;hak;dUcCaFmμta. ebb RKan;EtQWbMBg;k eBalKWKat;Gt;ekItCMgW
pþasayeT. cMENkelak XuKø½r mansMbuRteBTüEdlGacCaels[Kat;rYcputBIkargar. GKar
bEnßmTaMgmUl)anFUrRsaleRcIn. GVI²l¥RbesIrenATIenH¡ elIkElgEtfa m:ahÁút nig´FujRTan;
cMeBaH):am:ak;eyIgbnþic.
kMuyl;xuscMeBaH´. énAEtRslaj;):adUcBImun²G‘Ícwg ehIy m:ahÁút Rslaj;TaMg):anig
m:ak;. b:uEnþ enAeBlÉgmanv½yRs)alnwgBYkeyIg Égnwgcg;eFVIkarseRmccitþedayxøÜnÉg
ehIycg;[rYcputBIkarcg¥úlbBa¢arbs;Kat;[eFVIenHeFVIenaH. enARKb;eBlEdléLIgeTACan;xagelI
BYkKat;sYrfa etI´bRmúgnwgeFVIGVI. BYkKat;min[´dak;GMbilbEnßmelIGaharrbs;éT. m:ak;sYr´
ral;la¶ cenAem:agR)aMbnI gi db;R)aMnaTIfa etI´minTan;dl;eBlRtÚvpøas;exaGavedIm,IesøóksemøókbMBak;
edkyb;eTb¤y:agem:c. BYkKat;RtÚvEtKaMRTesovePARKb;y:agEdl´Gan. ´RtÚvEtsarPaBfa
BYkKat;Gt;twgEtgesaHeLIyGMBIerOgesovePAenH ehIyBYkKat;[´GanesovePAesÞIrEtRKb;
RbePT. b:uEnþ ´ nig m:ahÁút tb;Rbml;nigFujRTan;cMeBaHkarRtÚvsþab;tamkarbBa¢a nigsMNYr
rbs;Kat;eBjmYyéf¶.
manerOgmYyeTotEdleFVI[BYkKat;minsb,aycitþ³ ÉlgcUlcitþefIbKat;enAeBlRBwk
eBléf¶Rtg; nigeBlyb;eTotehIy. eQμaHEdleKehAeRkATaMgGs;enaH hak;dcU CahYsehtueBk.
ehIycMNUlcitþrbs;):acMeBaHkarniyayGMBIkarepamRBÚt² nigkarrt;cUlbnÞb;Twk KWKYr[s¥b;ex<Im
EmnETn. niyay[xøeI TA ćUlciteþ nAEtÉgmYyEPøt edayKμanBYkKat; b:Eu nþBkY Kat;mni yl;eT.
niyayG‘ÍcwgminEmnmann½yfa ´ nig m:ahÁút )anniyaydUecñHR)ab;Kat;eT. etIniyayR)ab;BYk
Kat;)ankars¥IeTA? y:agNak¾eday BYkKat;Gt;yl;Tal;EtesaH.
«
yb;mij m:ahÁút niyayfa GVIEdlBitCarMxan´KWfa ebIsinCaÉgykédmkekþabk,al
»
ehIydkdegðmI FMmgþ b¤BrI dgenaH BYkKat;ngw sYrPøamfa etIÉgQWk,alb¤km¾ anGarmμNm_ ni RsYlxønÜ .
sRmab;eyIgTaMgBIrnak; vaeRbobdUcCaRBng;vaycMk,alBYkeyIgG‘Ícwg EdldwgPøam²fa
PaBd¾l¥Úkl¥Wn nigsñiT§sñalkñúgpÞHrbs;eyIg enAeBlenHmanesssl;tictYcNas;¡ erOgenH

PaKeRcInmkBIGRIV Kb;ya: gElgl¥eTotehIyenATIenH. tamn½yenaH ćg;fa eyIgRtÚv)aneKcat;Tku
dUcCakUnekμg enAeBlniyaydl;erOgenAxageRkA. edayELkebIniyayBIcitþKMnitvij eyIgcas;
TMuCagekμgRsIRskr²eyIgq¶ayNas;. eTaHbICa´manGayueTIbEtdb;bYnqñaMkþI ´dwgfa´RtÚvkarGVI
´dwgfanrNaxusnrNaRtÚv. ´maneyabl; KMnit nigeKalkarN_pÞal;xøÜnrbs;´. eTaHbICasþab;
eTAvacEmøkbnþickþI cMeBaHekμgCMTg;mñak; ´manGarmμN_fa xøÜnÉgCamnusSeBjrUbeBjragehIymin
dUcCakUnekμgeT. ´manGarmμN_fa xøÜnÉgÉkraCüBIGñkdéT. ´dwgfa xøÜn´BUEkxagniyayEvkEjk
nigbnþkarBiPakSaCagm:ak;´. ´dwgfa ´manehtuplCag. ´minniyayBenøIseBkeTfa ´man
sNþab;Fñab; ehIyédćMNab;cMnYnCagKat;q¶ayNas;. edaysardUecñHehIyeTIb´manGarmμN_
fa ¬erOgenHGaceFVI[ÉgGs;sMeNIc)an¦ ´LÚyCagKat;eRcInEbby:ag. edIm,IRslaj;nrNa
mñak;´RtÚvEtesI¶csresIrnigeKarBeK b:uEnþ´min)ansEmþgkareKarB b¤karekatsresIrcMeBaHm:ak;
eT¡.
GVRI Kb;ya: gnwgminmanbBaðaeT ebI´man pitF½r eRBaH´sresIrKat;CaeRcIny:ag. Kat;smrmü
nigqøatemø:HeT¡.

XIFI smøaj;/
´)anR)ab;ÉgGMBxI nÜø ńigGarmμNr_ bs;´ eRcInCag´)anR)ab;mnusSmanCIvti mYyeTAeTot.
dUecñHehtuGVI´minbBa©ÚlerOgePTykmkR)ab;Ég?
CaTUeTA):am:ak;nigmnusSTUeTA cEmøkcitþNas;enAeBlniyaydl;erOgePT. edayminR)ab;
kUnRbúsRsIrbs;BYkKat;enAeBlmanGayudb;BIrqñaM GMBIGVI²RKb;y:ag BYkKat;EbrCa[kUn²ecj
eRkAbnÞb;eTAvij enAeBlEdlBYkKat;niyaydl;erOgePTenH. emø:aHehIy BYkKat;)anTuk[kUn²
EsVgyl;erOgRKb;y:agedayxøÜnÉgeTAvij. luHeRkaymk enAeBl«Bukmþaykt;smÁal;eXIjfa
kUn²rbs;Kat;)andwgerOgenaHehIy BYkKat;snμtfa BYkKat;dwgeRcInCagkUn²eTAvij. dUecñH
ehtuGVI)anCaBYkKat;minCYyEktRmÚvkaryl;dwgrbs;kUn² edayecaTsYrfa etIBYkeKdwgerOglm¥it
b:unNa?
206 Gan;E®hVg
]bsKÁFMmYysRmab;mnusSeBjv½y b:uEnþcMeBaH´vij vaRKan;EtCa]bsKÁb:unRkckéd

b:ueNÑaH KWBYkKat;xøacfa kUn²rbs;BYkKat;nwgElgcat;TukGaBah_BiBah_fabrisuT§ nigBisidæéføføa
enAeBlBYkeKdwgfa enAkñúgkrNIPaKeRcInbMputenaH PaBbrisuT§enHKWKμan)ankarGIb:unμaneT. cMeBaH
rUb´vaminxusGIeT EdlbursRtÚvmanbTBiesaFn_bnþci bnþcÜ [ehIy muneBldl;CvI ti GaBah_BBi ah_.
CagenHeTotenaH erOgG‘ÍcwgminTak;TgnwgGaBah_BiBah_enaHeT minfaG‘Ícwgb¤?
bnÞab;BI´manGayudb;mYyqñaMehIyPøam BYkKat;)anR)ab;´GMBIkarmkQamrdUv. b:uEnþeTaHCa
G‘ÍcwgkþI ´mindwgfaQamenaHhUrmkBINa b¤k¾vamanRbeyaCn_GVIeT. enAeBl´Gayudb;BIrqñaMknøH ´
dwgbEnßmeTotBI hSak; Edlminl¶g;exøAdUcéLIy. GBÖnþrBaØaNpÞal;rbs;´)anR)ab;´fa
etImnusSRbúsnigmnusSRsI eFVIs¥IenAeBlBYkeKenACamYyKña. dMbUgvadUcCaKMnitqáÜt²G‘Ícwg b:uEnþ
enAeBl hSak; )anGHGagbBa¢ak;R)ab;´ ´manemaTkPaBcMeBaHxøÜnÉgEdl)andwgerOgenaH¡.
hSak; k¾R)ab;Édrfa kUnekμgminEmnekItecjEtBIeBaHmþayeT. nagniyayfa kEnøg «
»
EdlFatupSMcUleTAKWCakEnøgEdlplitplcugeRkayecjmk¡ . hSak; nig ´)andwgGMBIerOgsnÞH
RBhμcarI nigerOglm¥itmYycMnYneTottamry³esovePAGb;rMePTmYy. ´k¾dwgEdrfa eKGackarBar
min[mankUn)an b:uEnþetIerOgenaHenAkñúgxøÜneyIgy:agem:c vaenAEtCaGaf’kM)aMgmYy. enAeBl´
mkTIenH ):a)anR)ab;´GMBIerOgRsIeBsüa.l. b:uEnþsrubmkvij énAEtmancm¶l;CaeRcInEdl
minTan;rkcemøIyeXIj.
ebImþay²minR)ab;kUn²rbs;BYkeK[Gs;eT BYkeKdwgEtmYyRCúgb:ueNÑaH ehIyminGac)an
RtwmRtÚveT.
eTaHbICaéf¶esAr_kþI k¾´minGpSúkEdr¡ enaHmkBI´)aneLIgeTAbnÞb;sáakCamYy pitF½r.
´GgÁúyenATIenaHbiTEPñkRsém ehIyvaGs©arüEmn¡.
éf¶GaTitü TI19 ExmIna qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
éf¶mSilKWCaéf¶sMxan;Nas;sRmab;´. bnÞab;BIjúaMGaharéf¶Rtg;ehIy GVI²mansPaBdUc
Fmμta. enAem:agR)aM éTAykdMLÚg ehIym:ak;[sac;Rkk ¬layQamnigxøaj;¦ xøHmk´ edIm,I
ykeTA[ pitF½r. dMbUg´Gt;cg;eTAeT b:uEnþluHeRkaymk´k¾eTA. Kat;minTTYlyksac;RkkeT
ehIy´manGarmμN_P½yxøacfa vak¾edaysarEtńigKat;)aneQøaHKñaGMBIerOgkarminTukcitþ.
rMeBcenaH´minGacRTaM)anyUrmYynaTIeToteLIy ehIyEPñk´k¾rlIgrelag. edaymin)anniyay
sþIGVImYym:at; ´)anRbKl;cansac;Rkk[m:ak;vij ehIyeTAkan;bnÞb;TwkedIm,IyM[Gs;citþ. bnÞab;
mk´seRmccitþfa nwgykerOgenaHmkniyayCamYy pitF½r. munGahareBll¶ac eyIgTaMgbYn
nak;kBM gu CYyKat;eFVBI aküExVg dUecñH´minGacniyayGV)I aneT. b:Eu nþenAeBlBYkeyIgGgÁy
ú júaGM ahar
«
´)anxSwbdak;Kat; fa pitF½r etIGñknwghat;eronsresrGkSrkat;eTenAyb;enH? . »
« »
Kat;)aneqøIyfa Gt;eT .
« ćg;niyayCamYyGñkenAeBlbnÞab;enH . »
Kat;)anyl;RBm.
bnÞab;BIlagcanrYcehIy ´)aneTAkan;bnÞb;rbs;Kat; ehIy)ansYrKat;fa etIKat;bdiesF
minTTYlyksac;RkkenaH edaysarEteyIgeQøaHKñakalBImnu b¤ya: gNa. CasMNag enaHminEmn
CaehtuplEdlKat;eFVIdUecñaHeLIy. Kat;RKan;EtKitfavaminl¥emIleT EdlKat;hak;dUcCaGnÞHsa
cg;)anvaxøaMgenaH. enACan;xageRkamekþANas; muxrbs;éLIgRkhmdUcbgágG‘Ícwg. dUecñHbnÞab;BI
ykTwkcuHeTA[ m:ahÁút ´k¾RtLb;mkxagelIvij edIm,IRsUbykxül;GakasbrisuT§bnþic. edIm,I[
eKemIleXIj´ dMbgU énAQrEk,rbg¥cÜ rbs;RKÜsar v:an; daGan muneBleTAkan;bnÞbr; bs; pitF½r.
Kat;QrenAxageqVgbg¥ÜcebIkcMh dUecñH´k¾edIrsMedAeTAxagsþaMbg¥Üc. karniyayKñaenACitbg¥ÜcebIk
cMhkñúgkEnøgragggwtbnþic vaRsYlCagniyayKñaenAkNþaléf¶xøaMgNas;. ´Kitfa pitF½r k¾man
GarmμN_dUecñaHEdr. eyIgniyayR)ab;KñaeTAvijeTAmknUverOgr:aveRcInenaHeRcInEmnETneRcInrhUt
dl;´minGaccaMerOgTaMgGs;)an. b:uEnþ karsnÞnaenaHBitCal¥Emn. l¶acenaH Cal¶acGs©arü
bMput Edl´minFøab;maneTBImunmkenAkñúgGKarbEnßm. ´sUmeFVIkarBiBN’naRtÜs²GMBIRbFanbT
epSg²EdleyIgelIkykmkniyayKña.
dMbUgeyIgCECkKñaGMBIerOgeQøaHKña ehIyfaetIsBVéf¶enHýl;eXIjtamrebobepSgy:ag
dUcemþccMeBaHerOgenH. rYcbnÞab;mk eyIgniyayGMBIerOgfa etIehtudUcemþc)anCaeyIgmin
sñiT§sñalCamYy):am:ak;. ´R)ab; pitF½r GMBIm:ak; ):a m:ahÁút nig´xøÜnÉg. enAcMNucmYyenaH
«
Kat;)ansYrfa GñkEtgEtefIblaKñamYyxSWtmuneBlcUleKgCaerogral;yb;EmneT? »
« mYyxSWt? rab;sibÉeNaH. GñkminEdleFVIdUecñHeTEmneT? »
« eT¡ ´BitCaminEdlefIbnrNaeT . »
208 Gan;E®hVg
« minEdlefIbesaH sUm,IEtéf¶xYbkMeNItrbs;Gñkb¤? »
« »
enAéf¶xYbkMeNIt éfIb .
eyIgniyayGMBIerOgEdleyIgTaMgBIrnak;KμannrNamñak;BitCaTukcitþ):am:ak;rbs;eyIgeLIy
nig GMBfI aetI«Bukmþayrbs;Kat;Rslaj;Kañ xøagM dl;fañ k;Na ehIybn;Rsn;[Kat;manCMenOelIBkY eK.
b:uEnþKat;mincg;dUecñaHeT. rYceyIgk¾naMKñaniyayGMBIfa etIýMxSwkxSÜly:agNaxøHenAelIERK
ehIyniyayGMBKI at;eLIgeTAelIbnÞbC; ab;dbM lU ehIys,fEs,. bnþmkeTotk¾ny i aydl;erOg´ nig
m:ahÁtú EdlCabgb¥nÚ b:Eu nþmni sUvniyaykarsm¶at;kgúñ citRþ )ab;Kañ eT. eyIgniyayGMBIerOgEdlGac
Rsém)anGMBIkareCOTukcitþ GarmμN_ nigGMBIBYkeyIg. GU+¡ XIFI Kat;manlkçN³dUcCa´)anKit
G‘Ícwg.
eRkaymkeyIgniyayGMBIRBwtþkarN_qñaM1942 nigGMBIfa eyIgxusEbøky:agNa ebIKit
dl;eBlenaH. eyIgminsÁal;xøÜneyIgenAeBlenaHeT. eyIgk¾niyayEdrGMBIerOgeyIgminGacGt;
»n[Kñay:agNaenARKadMbUg. Kat;)anKitfa ĆamnusSrMxanEdlLÚLaeRcIn ehIy´snñidæanPøamfa
Kat;KμanGVIBiesseT¡ ´minyl;eT ehtuGVIKat;minEccg;´ b:uEnþ\LÚvenH´sb,aycitþ. Kat;k¾)an
niyayEdrfa etIKat;Faø b;dkxønÜ eTAsm¶eM nAkñgú bnÞbj; kw jab;ya: gNa. ńiyayfa sMeLgLÚLanig
karrMePIbsb,ayrbs;´ nigPaBs¶b;s¶at;rbs;Kat; eRbóbdUcCaEpñksgxagénkak;mYy ehIy´
niyayfa ´k¾Rslaj;PaBs¶b;s¶at;nigs¶at;es¶ómEdr b:uEnþ´minmanvaenAkñúgxøÜneT edaymanEt
enAkñúgesovePAkMNt;ehtub:ueNÑaH ´R)ab;Kat;fa mnusSRKb;Kñacg;emIl´BIeRkayCagedayrab;
cab;BeI lak DusEsl eTA. ´k¾ny i ayEdrfa ÉtgEtmincg;GgÁy ú CamYy):am:ak;eT. eyIgBiPakSa
GMBIfa etIKat;sb,aycitþy:agNa Edl):am:ak;rbs;´mankUn bnÞab;mkeyIgBiPakSaGMBIkarEdl
´sb,ayy:agNaEdlmanKat;enATIenH. eyIgk¾BiPakSapgEdrGMBIfaetIýl;y:agdUcemþcBI
esckþIRtÚvkarrbs;Kat;edIm,IdkxøÜn nigTMnak;TMngrbs;Kat;CamYy«BukmþayKat; nigerOgćg;CYy
Kat;enAeBlBYkKat;eQøaHKña.
«
Kat;niyayfa b:uEnþ Canic©kalGñkEtgEtCYydl;´¡ . »
«
´)anecaTsYredayPJak;ep¥IlCaxøaMgfa y:agdUcemþceTA? . »
« edayPaBrs;rayrbs; Gan; . »
enaHKWCaerOgl¥bMput EdlKat;niyayeBjmYyl¶ac. Kat;k¾R)ab;Édrfa Kat;minRbkan;´

EdlmkbnÞb;Kat;dUcBImuneT. Kat;BitCacUlcitþ[´mkbnÞb;Kat;. ´k¾R)ab;Kat;Edrfa eQμaHehA
eRkArbs;)a: nigm:ak;Kaμ nn½yGVeI T. ´R)ab;Kat;fa karefIbRtg;enH b¤Rtg;enaH minnaMdl;kareCOTukcitþ

edaysV½yRbvtþieLIy. eyIgk¾niyayGMBIkareFVIGVImYytamrebobrbs;eyIgGMBIesovePAkMNt;
ehtu PaBÉeka karxusEbøkKñarvagEpñkxagkñgú nigxageRkAxønÜ rbs;mnusSeyIgRKb;Kañ nigkarbiT)aMg
muxmat;rbs;´.l.
vaGs©arüEmn. Kat;c,as;CaRslaj;Ćamiteþ hIy²enaHvaRKb;RKan;ehIysRmab;elIkdMbgU .
´dwgKuNnigrIkrayNas;. ´minGacrkBaküNamkniyay)aneT. XIFI ´RtÚvEtsMueTas
eRBaHénAéf¶enH minBUEksresrdUcral;dgesaH. ´RKan;EtsresrGVIRKb;y:agEdlcUlmkkñúgxYr
k,alrbs;´¡.
´manGarmμN_fa pitF½r nig ´ mankarsm¶at;rYmKña. enAeBlNaEdlKat;smøwgemIl´
edayEkvEPñk sñamjjwmnigkarjak;EPñk vaeRbobdUcCamanePøIgmkbMPøWenAkñúgxøÜn´. ´sgÇwmfa
GVI²TaMgGs;nwgenAEtEbbenH ehIysgÇwmfaeyIgnwgmaneBlevlasb,ayrIkrayCamYyKñaCa
eRcInem:ag y:ageRcInEmnETnEtmþg.
Gan; d¾rIkraynigktBaØÚ rbs; XIFI

XIFI smøaj;/
enAeBlRBwkenH pitF½r sYr´fa etIńwgmkmþgeTotb¤eTenAl¶acNamYy. Kat;s,ffa
´Gt;)anrMxanKat;eT ehIyfabnÞb;EdlmankEnøgsRmab;mnusSmñak; KWGac[mnusSBIrnak;enA
CamYyKña)an. ńiyayfa ´minGacCYbKat;ral;l¶ac)aneT eRBaH):am:ak;rbs;´Kitfa eFVIdUecñH
minEmnCaerOgl¥eLIy b:uEnþKat;Kitfa ´minKYrbeNþay[KMnitenaHmkrMxanéT. dUecñH´k¾)an
R)ab;Kat;fa ńwgmkenAl¶acéf¶esAr_NamYy ehIy´k¾sYrKat;faetIKat;Gac[´dwg)aneT enAeBl
NaGacemIleXIjRBHc½nÞ.
«
Kat;niyayfa R)akdehIy. RbEhleyIgGaceTACan;xageRkam ehIyemIlRBHc½nÞBI
»
TIenaH . ýl;Rsb. ´BitCaminxøacNas;NaeT cMeBaHecarKas;TVarcUlpÞH.
enAeBldMNalKñaenaH RsemalmYy)anmkRKbdNþb;elIsuPmgÁlrbs;´. Gs;ry³eBl
y:agyUr ´manGarmμN_fa m:ahÁút cUlcitþ pitF½r. RKan;Et´mindwgfa vamanTMhMb:unNab:ueNÑaH
b:uEnþsßanPaBTaMgGs;minKYr[cUlcitþeT. \LÚvenH RKb;eBlEdléTACYb pitF½r ´kMBugEteFVI[
210 Gan;E®hVg
Kat; ¬m:ahÁtú ¦ QWcti þ edayrUb´minTaMgcg;eFVy

I a: gdUecñaHpg. erOgKYr[Gs;seM NIcmYyKWfa m:ahÁtú
esÞIrEtminbgðajGarmμN_EbbenHecjmk[eyIgdwgeT. ´dwgfa ´kMBugEtRcENn m:ahÁút y:ag
qáÜtvegVg b:uEnþ m:ahÁút RKan;Etniyayfa ´minKYrGaNitKat;eT.
«
´)anniyaybEnßmfa ´Kitfa vaKYr[esakesANas;EdlbgkøayCamnusS\tKU . »
«
Kat;)aneqøIyy:agCUrct;mk´vijfa ´suaMxøÜnG‘ÍcwgeTAehIy . »
´minh‘anR)ab; pitF½r eT. RbEhlCaeBleRkay ńwgR)ab; b:uEnþKat;nig´RtÚvEtBiPakSa

KñaBIerOgr:aveRcInNas;Camunsin.
kalBIyb;mij m:ak;)anTHxøÜn´fñm²edIm,IRBmanCamun. Kat;smnwgeFVIy:agenHdak;´
ehIy. ´minRtÚvmineGIeBI nig emIlgayKat;RCúly:agenHeT. eTaHy:agem:ck¾eday ´KYrEt
BüayammþgeTot edIm,Irak;Tak;nigTb;smþIrbs;´¡
sUm,IEt BIm k¾minl¥dUctamTmøab;rbs;Kat;Edr. Kat;kMBugEtBüayammincat;Tuk´dUcCakUn
ekμg b:uEnþ\LÚvenH Kat;esaHGegÁIyxøaMgNas;. eyIgRtÚvEtrg;caMemIlfa etIvanwgmanGVIelcecj
eLIg¡ Kat;RBman´fa ebIsinCa´mineFVIFrNImaRteT ńwgminTTYlkareronsURtNamYyeTeRkay
s®gÁam. ´RKan;Etrg;caMemIlfaetIngw manGVeI kIteLIg b:Eu nþćg;cab;epþmI CafμI ebIsni Ca´manesovePA
fμImYyk,al.
lμmRKb;RKan;ehIysRmab;eBlenH. ´mineFVIGVIeRkABIsmøwgemIl pitF½r eT. éBjcitþ
Nas;eTAehIy¡
Psþútagénsnþancitþl¥rbs; m:ahÁút Edl´)anTTYlenAéf¶enHKWéf¶TI20 ExmIna
qñaM1944³
Gan; kalBImSilmij enAeBlbg)anniyayfa bgminRcENnÉgenaHKWbg

niyayminesμaHRtg;TaMgGs;eT. erOgKWdeU cñH³ bgminRcENnÉg b¤k¾ pitF½r eT.
bgRKan;Etesaksþay Edlbgrkmin)anmnusSNamñak; EdlbgGacrYmpþl;KMnitnig
r:ayr:ab;BIGarmμN_rbs;bg)an ehIybgTMngCanwgrkmin)anmnusSEbbenaHenAeBl
qab;²enHeT. b:uEnþ ehtuenHehIyEdleFVI[bgbYgsYgGs;BIdYgcitþfa sUm[Gñk
TaMgBIrGacmankarTukcitþKñaeTAvijeTAmk. Égmin)anTTYlRbeyaCn_BIerOgr:avEdl
mnusSCaeRcInyl;faCaerOgFm~ta.
mü:ageTot bgR)akdfa bgminGacRtÚvKñaCamYy pitF½r dl;fñak;b¥ÚneLIy
eRBaHbgKitfa bgRtÚvkarPaBCitsñiT§i muneBlEdlbg GacrYmpþl;KMnitrbs;bg
CamYybursmñak;. bgcg;manGarmμN_faKat;yl;citþbgTaMgRsug eTaHbICabgmin
niyayeRcInk¾edaycuH. edIm,I)andUecñH vacaM)ac;RtÚvEtCamnusSmñak;EdlbgKitfa
manR)aCJaCagbg ehIybgyl;fa pitF½r minEmnCamnusSdUecñHeLIy. b:uEnþbg
yl;BIGarmμN_rbs;ÉgkñúgkarenAEk,rKat;.
dUecñH Égmin)ac;riHKn;xøÜnÉgeRBaHÉgKitfa ÉgkMBugykGVImYyEdlbgman
siT§iRtÚv)anenaHeT. KμanGVImYyGacXøatq¶ayGMBIkarBit)aneLIy. Ég nig pitF½r
GacTTYl)anGVIRKb;y:agtamry³mitþPaBrbs;Ég.
cemøIyrbs;´³
m:ahÁút CaTIRslaj;/
sMbRu trbs;bgbgábe; TAedayGtßny ½ mansnþancitlþ x¥ aø gM Nas; b:Eu nþénAEtmin
Tan;manGarmμNr_ kI rayTaMgRsugcMeBaHsßanPaBenHeT ehIy´Kitfa ńwgmin)ansb,ay
G‘ÍcwgeLIy.
enAxN³enH ´ nig pitF½r minTukcitKþ añ dUcEdlbgKiteT. Tal;EteBleyIg
QrCitbg¥cÜ naeBlRBHGaTitüGsþgtÁ eTIbeyIgGacniyayKña)aneRcIn CagenAeBl
RBHGaTitürHy:agPøcW Bi a©acciEBa©g. eyIgcUlcitnþ y i ayxSwbeCosCagniyayxøagM dak;
Kña. ´Kitfabgcab;epþmI mankarRslaj;rebobCabgRsIceM BaH pitF½r ehIybgcg;
CYyKat;[xøagM dUcCaÉdr. bgRbEhlCanwgGaceFVIdUecñH)anenAéf¶NamYy eTaHbICa
enaHminEmnCaRbePTénkarTukcitþEdleyIgmanenAkñúgcitþKMnitkþI. éCOfa karTukcitþ
RtÚvEtekItmanBIPaKITaMgsgxag. ´k¾KitEdrfaenaHKWCaehtuplEdlfa ehtuG)IV an
Ca):anig´ min)anbNþHú TMnak;TnM gCitsñTi K§ añ xøagM køaenaH. b:Eu nþsmU eyIgQb;nyi ayerOg
enHeToteTA ebIsni CabgmanerOgGVcI g;BPi akSaKña sUmsresrmkrkćuH eRBaHsRmab;
rUb´ karniyayGVIEdlćg;mann½yenAelIRkdas vaRsYlCagkarniyayTl;muxKña.
212 Gan;E®hVg
bgdwgeTfa etI´sJbE; sJgbgdl;kRmitNa ehIy´sgÇwmfa Twkcitlþ r¥ bs;)a: nigTwkcitþ

l¥rbs;bgnwgqøgmkdl;rbU ´. kñúgn½yenHGñkTaMgBIrdUcKñaeRcInEmnETn.
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
´)anTTYlsMbuRtBI m:ahÁút kalBIyb;mij³
Gan; CaTIRslaj;/
bnÞab;BTI TYlsMbRu trbs;ÉgkalBIéf¶mSil bgminsb,ayciteþ TEdlfamnsikar
rbs;ÉgrMxandl;ÉgRKb;eBlEdlÉgeTArk pitF½r edIm,IeFVIkarb¤k¾CECkKña. BitCa
Kμanehtuply:agenaHeT. kñúgcitþrbs;bg bgdwgfa manmnusSEdlsmnwgTTYl
karTukcitþBIbg ¬dUcEdlbgsmnwgTTYlkarTukcitþBIKat;¦ ehIybgminGacGt;RTaMnwg
eXIj pitF½r enAkñúgsßanPaBrbs;Kat;eT.
b:Eu nþ dUcb¥nÚ )ansresrG‘cÍ gw bgKitfa pitF½r CaRbePTbgb¥nÚ Rbúsmñak;>>>Cab¥nÚ
Rbús. eyIg)anbeBa©jeyabl; ehIykarRslaj;Cabgb¥ÚnRbús b¤bgb¥ÚnRsI
Gacb¤mni GacnwgekItmanenAeBlNamYyeRkaymk b:Eu nþvaBitCaminTan;dl;dN M ak;kal
enaHenAeLIyeT. dUecñHÉgmin)ac;GaNitGasUrbgGIeT. \LÚvenH Ég)anrkeXIj
mitPþ aBehIy ehtuenHsUmÉgrIkraycMeBaHmitPþ aBenaH[)aneRcInbMputcuH.
enAkñúgeBldMNalKñaenaH GVI²TaMgGs;enATIenHkMBugEtcab;epþImGs©arüeLIg²ehIy. XIFI

eGIy ´Kitfa esckþIRslaj;Bit²GacekItmanenAkñúgGKarbEnßm. vaminCaerOgqáÜtlIlaeT
EdlmankarniyaykMEbøgelgfa ´GacnwgerobkarCamYy pitF½r ebIeyIg)anenATIenHyUrKYrsm
enaH. enaHminEmn)ann½yfa ´KiterobkarCamYyKat;eTNa XIFI. sUm,Ifa etIKat;FMeLIgnwgman
rUbragEbbNaenaH k¾´minTan;dwgpg. ´k¾min)andwgEdrfa etIeyIgRslaj;KñaeTAvijeTAmklμm
GacerobkarCamYyKña)anb¤k¾Gt;.
\LÚv´R)akdkñúgcitþfa pitF½r k¾Rslaj;Édr. ´RKan;Etmindwgfa Kat;Rslaj;ý:agem:c
b:eu NÑaH. ´minGacyl;eTfa etIKat;RKan;EtRtÚvkarmitlþ m¥ añ k;by
¤ a: gem:ceT b¤kf¾ aetIKat;mancitcþ ab;
GarmμN_mkelI´ edaycat;TukĆaRsImYyrUb. ´rIkray\t]bma enAeBlKat;niyayfa Étg

CYyKat;kñúgeBl«BukmþayKat;eQøaHKñaenaH. vaKWCakare)aHCMhanmYyeq<aHeTArkkareFVI[éCO
Cak;elImitþPaBrbs;Kat;. ´)ansYrKat;kalBIéf¶mSilfa etIKat;eFVIGVI ebIman Gan; rab;sibEdl
«
ebIkEPñkFM²smøwgemIlKat;. Kat;eqøIyfa ebIsinCaeKTaMgGs;enaHsuT§EtdUcGñkvaminGaRkk;s¥I
»
eT . Kat;BitCamancitþrak;Tak;Emn ehIy´Kitfa Kat;BitCacg;eXIjmux´. enAeBlCamYyKñaenaH
Kat;xRM bwgeronPasa)araMg edayEfmTaMg)anedkeronrhUtdl;em:agdb;ngi db;R)aMnaTIeTotpg.
GU+¡ enAeBlńwkdl;yb;éf¶esAr_ BaküsmþIrbs;eyIg nigsMeLgrbs;eyIg ´manGarmμN_
eBjcitcþ eM BaHxønÜ ÉgCaelIkdMbgU . GVEI dlćg;mann½yenaH KWńwgniyaydEdl² ehIyminpøas;brÚþ
Tmøab;enHeT. Kat;sgðaNas; minfaEtenAeBljjwm b¤QrenAes¶ómeLIy. Kat;Ep¥mElðml¥
nigRss;s¥atNas;. ´Kitfa GVIEdleFVI[Kat;PJak;ep¥IlbMputcMeBaHrUb´ KWenAeBlKat;dwgfa ´min
EmnCa Gan; Edlrak;kEM pl nig manbTBiesaFn_eRcIneT b:Eu nþĆamnusSKitEtrevIrvaydUcCaKat;
G‘cÍ gw EdlmanbBaðaeRcInb:ueNÑaH¡
yb;mij bnÞab;BITTYlTanGahareBll¶ac ´rg;caM[Kat;esñI[éLIgeTACan;xagelI. b:uEnþ
minmanGVIekIteLIgeT. écjeTA. Kat;cuHmkeRkamR)ab; DusEsl fa dl;em:agsþab;viTüú ehIy²
Kat;enAEr:r:Ek,rbnÞb;TwkmYysnÞúH b:uEnþenAeBl DusEsl yUreBk Kat;k¾RtLb;eTACan;xagelIvij.
Kat;edIrcuHedIreLIgenAbnÞb;rbs;Kat; ehIyk¾cUleKg)at;taMgBIRBlb;.
eBjmYyl¶acenH ´manGarmμN_rsab;rsl;Nas; rhUtdl;écHEtedIreTAbnÞb;TwkedIm,I
ykTwkRtCak;mklubmux. ´GanesovePAbnþic revIrvay emIlnaLikae):al ehIyrg;caMehIy
rg;caMeTot edIm,Isþab;sRmibeCIgrbs;Kat;. ´)ancUleKgTaMgGs;kmøaMgy:agxøaMg.
yb;enH ´RtÚvEtgUtTwk ehIycuHéf¶Es¥kvijy:agem:cEdr?
éf¶Es¥kenAyUrNas;¡
cemøIyrbs;´³
m:ahÁút CaTIRslaj;
´Kitfa ykl¥bMputenaH´RKan;EtcaMemIl)anehIy faetInwgmanGVIekIteLIg.
vaminyUrCagenHeT muneBl pitF½r nigńwgRtÚvseRmcfaetIRtÚvEbk)ak;Kña b¤eFVIGVI
214 Gan;E®hVg
epSg. ´mindwgfa vanwgkøayeTACay:agem:ceT. ´minGacemIleXIjhYsBIcugRcmuH

éLIy.
b:uEnþ ´R)akdcMeBaHerOgmYy. ebIsinCa´ nig pitF½r BitCakøayCamitþenaH
ńwgR)ab;Kat;fabgk¾Rslaj;Kat;Nas;Edr ehIyfabgeRtómCaeRscedIm,ICYy
Kat; ebIsinCaKat;RtÚvkarbg. ´R)akdkñúgcitþfa bgmincg;[éFVIdUecñHeT b:uEnþ´min
xVl;eLIy. ´mindwgfa pitF½r Kity:agem:ccMeBaHbgeT b:uEnþńwgsYrKat; enAeBl
man»kasNamYy. pÞúyeTAvij vaBitCaKμans¥IGaRkk;eT¡ eyIgsVaKmn_bg[eTA
bnÞb;sáak b¤k¾eTARKb;kEnøgCamYyeyIg. bgminrMxandl;eyIgeT eRBaHeyIg
RBmeRBógfanwgniyayKñaEtenAeBll¶acemXggwtb:ueNÑaH.
sUmbgBRgwgsμartIeLIg¡ ´RbwgGs;smtßPaBehIy eTaHbICavaminEmnRsYl
rhUtenaHk¾eday. eBlevlarbs;bgGacnwgmkdl;qab;rh½sCagbgKiteTAeTot.
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
GV²I esÞrI EtvileTArkPaBFmμtavijenATIenH. GñkEckb½NrÑ bbGahareyIgRtÚv)anedaHElg
ecjBImnÞIrXMuXaMg. sUmGrKuNRBHCam©as;¡.
emob )anvilRtLb;mkvijtaMgBImSilmij b:uEnþéf¶enHdl;evnbþIrbs;Kat;edkelIERKmþg
edaysarKat;RKúnrgaeRsovRsaj nigRKúnekþA EdlCaeraKsBaØaénCMgWpþasay. ebb )anRKan;
ebIehIy eTaHbICaKat;enAk¥kk¾eday ehIyelak ekøm:g; nwgRtÚvedkenApÞHGs;ry³eBly:agyUr.
mSilmij ynþehaHmYyeRKÓg)anFøak;Ek,r²enH. GakasyanikenAelIynþehaHGac
elatq½RteyagecjBIynþehaH)any:agTan;eBlevla. va)anFøak;eTAbukdMbUlsalaeronmYy.
b:uEnþ sMNagl¥minmankUnsisSenAkñúgsalaeroneT. manePøIgeqHkEnøgtUcmYy ehIymnusSBIrbI
nak;)ansøab;enAkñúgehtukarN_enH. enAeBlGakasyanikebIkynþehaHbRmugcuHmk BYkGaløWm:g;
k¾)aj;eRsacRKab;kaMePøgI eTAelIBkY eK. GñkRkúgGamsÞdW am Edl)aneXIjeRKaHfñak;enH k¾mankMhgw
qabeqHeLIgcMeBaHGMeBIkMsakEbbenH. eyIg ¬BaküeyIgenH ćg;sMedAelI®sþIePT¦ Esnxøac
Nas;. KμanGVIKYr[rn§t;CagB¤sñÚrkaMePøIglan;R)av²eLIy.
\LÚvniyayGMBIxøÜn´mþg.
énACamYy pitF½r kalBIéf¶mSilmij ehIyniyay[esμaHRtg;eTA KW´mindwgfay:agem:ceT
)anCaxül;GImkbk;citþeyIg[eTAniyayerOgsic. ´)anseRmccitþyUrmkehIyfa nwgsYrKat;
BIrbIerOg. Kat;dwgRKb;y:ag. enAeBl´R)ab;Kat;fa ´ nig m:ahÁút minsUvdwgGIb:unμanenaH Kat;
sEmþgGakarPJak;ep¥Il. ´)anR)ab;Kat;eRcInNas;GMBI m:ahÁút nig rUb´ ehIym:ak;ńig):a´.
ńiyayfafμI²enH ´minh‘ansYrBYkKat;GMBIerOgenaHeT. Kat;)antaMgcitþnwgbMPøW´ ehIy´k¾TTYl
ykBt’manBIKat;edaydwgKuN. Kat;)anBnül;fa etIfñaMBnüarkMeNItmanRbsiT§iPaBy:agdUcemþcxøH
ehIy´sYrKat;y:agkøahanfa cuHekμgRbúsGacR)ab;y:agem:ceTAfa BYkeKeBjv½yehIyenaH.
Kat;RtÚvEtKitGMBIsMNYrenH. Kat;)anniyayfa Kat;nwgR)ab;énAeBlyb;enH. ´)anR)ab;Kat;
BIerOgEdl)anekItmaneLIgcMeBaH hSak;. ´k¾)anniyayEdrfa ekμgRsIminGackarBarxøÜnTl;nwg
«
ekμgRbúsEdlrwgmaM)aneT. Kat;niyayfa eNðIy Égmin)ac;xøacéT . »
enAeBl´RtLb;mkCYbKat;mþgeTotenAyb;enaH Kat;)anR)ab;´BIekμgRbúsvay:agem:cxøH.
sRmab;rbU ´ eTaHbICavaKYr[Gam:as;bnþci kþI k¾énAEtyl;faval¥EmnETn Edl´GacniyayerOgenH
CamYyKat;. minfa´b¤k¾rUbKat;eT eyIgminEdlFøab;KitesaHeLIyfaeyIgGacniyayR)ab;KñaeTA
vijeTAmkeday\tlak;elomEbbenH GMBIbBaðaEdlTak;Tak;nwgpøÚvePTdUecñH. ´Kitfa \LÚvenH
´)andwgRKb;ya: g. Kat;)anR)ab;ĆaeRcInGMBGI EIV dlKat;ehARbdab;karBarmin[mankUnrbs;bru s.
yb;enaH m:ahÁút nig´ )anniyayKñaenAkñúgbnÞb;TwkGMBI eRbm nig RTIs EdlGñkTaMgBIr
Camitþrbs;Kat;.
enARBwkenH ´mankarPJak;ep¥IlxøaMgNas;. bnÞab;BIGahareBlRBwkrYc pitF½r )ansuIj:Úéd
«
ehA´[eTACan;xagelI. Kat;)anniyayfa Gan; elgl,icxUcNas;dak;rUb´. ´)anB¤ehIyfa
Gan; nig m:ahÁút )anniyays¥IenAkñúgbnÞb;TwkkalBIyb;mij. ´Kitfa Gan;RKan;Etcg;dwgfa etI
pitF½r énHdwgeRcInb:unNa rYcehIy Gan; k¾esIccMGky:agsb,ay¡ . »
éLIgRsLaMgkaMg¡ ´)aneFVIGVIRKb;y:agedIm,IniyayCamYyKat; GMBIKMnitd¾KYr[xwgenaH.

´Gacyl;)anfa etIKat;BitCamanGarmμN_y:agem:c b:uEnþvaenaHminBiteT¡.
«
´)anniyayfa GU¡+ Gt;eT pitF½r. ´minEdlGaRkk;dl;fañ k;enaHeLIy. ´)anR)ab; pitF½r
ehIyfa ńwgminykerOgEdlGñkniyayR)ab;éTAR)ab;eKbnþeToteT ehIyńwgmineFVIdUecñaH
eLIy. dMbUgeFVIb£kG‘ÍecH ehIyeRkaymkmanectnaeFVIG‘IcuHvijy:agGaRkk;EbbenH éFVIeTAminrYc
216 Gan;E®hVg
eT>>>eT pitF½r enaHminEmnCaKMnitkMEbøgelgrbs;éT. vanwgminyutþiFm’eLIy. ´sUmniyay

»
edayesμaHfa ´Gt;)anniyayGVIeT. etI pitF½r mineCOéTb¤? Kat;)anGHGagR)ab;´fa Kat;eCO
elIrUbéhIy b:uEnþ´Kitfa eyIgnwgRtÚvniyayerOgenaHeTotenAeBlNamYy. ´min)aneFVIGVIesaH
eBjmYyéf¶ eRkAEtBIRBÜy)armÖGMBIerOgenaH. sUmGrKuNdl;RBHCam©as; EdlKat;)anniyay
latRtdagnUvGVIEdlmanenAkñúgKMnitKat;. sUm[ÉgsnμtcuHfa etIKat;manTmøab;Kitfa ´GaRkk;
y:agenaHEdreT. Kat;mansarCatiKYr[Rslaj;Nas;¡.
\LÚvenH ńwgRtÚvR)ab;Kat;RKb;y:ag¡.
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
sBVéf¶enH ´)aneTAbnÞb; pitF½r Cajwkjab;bnÞab;BIGahareBll¶acrYc edIm,IRsUbyk
xül;GakasbrisuT§naeBll¶ac. ÉgGacdwgnUvkarsnÞnad¾mann½yy:agqab;rh½senAkñúgbnÞb;ggwt
RBal²mYyeRcInCageBlRBHGaTitüCHkemþAdak;muxrbs;Ég. ´kk;ekþANas;Edl)anGgÁúyEk,r
Kat;enAelIekAGImYy ehIysmøwgemIleTAeRkA. RKÜsar v:an; daGan nig DusEsl eBalBakü
«
cMGkl¶g;exøAbMput enAeBlEdlćUl)at;eTAkñúgbnÞb;rbs;Kat;. BYkeKniyayfa pÞHTIBIrrbs;
» « »
Gan; b¤k¾ suPaBbursTTYlRsIekμgenAkñúgbnÞb;enAeBlyb;edayminebIkePøIg . Twkmuxrbs;
pitF½r bgðaj[eXIjKMnitd¾KYr[PJak;ep¥IlcMeBaHsmþIs‘kesotd¾buinRbsb;enH. Cayfaehtu m:ak;
rbs;´k¾)anbegðIb[dwgBIkarcg;dwgcg;B¤ ehIycUlcitþsYrCaxøaMg faetIBYkeyIg)anniyayGVIxøH.
Kat;RKan;Etxøacfa ´bdiesFmineqøIyb:ueNÑaH. pitF½r niyayfa mnusScas;RKan;EtRcENnnwg
eyIgb:ueNÑaH eRBaHeyIgenAekμg. Kat;niyayeTotfa dUecñHeyIgminKYryksmþId¾KYr[s¥b;ex<Im
TaMgenaHmkdak;kñúgcitþeT.
CYnkal Kat;)ancuHmkeRkamedIm,ICYb´ b:uEnþkarEdlKat;eFVIdUecñHk¾Bi)akEdr eRBaHfa
eTaHbICaKat;Rby½tñRbEygy:agNak¾eday k¾muxrbs;Kat;ERbCamanBN’RkhmeRBÓg² ehIy
Kat;esÞIrEtminGacbegðIbmat;niyayGVI)aneLIy. ´sb,aycitþEdl´minRkhmmuxedaysarkar
eGoneRbón. c,as;CaminRsYleT eBlmanmuxRkhmenaH.
eRkABIenaH ´xVl;xVayedaysarEt m:ahÁút RtÚvmkGgÁúyenACan;xageRkamEtÉg xN³Edl
énACan;elIkMBugrIkraycMeBaHkarenACamYy pitF½r. b:uEnþetI´GaceFVIGVI)aneTAcMeBaHerOgenaH?

ńwgminCMTas;eT ebIsinCaKat;mk b:uEnþKat;nwgKμanKUeT ehIynwgGgÁúyenATIenaHdUcKl;eQIG‘Ícwg.
´RtÚvEtsþab;BaküsmþIrab;minGs;GMBImitþPaBd¾qab;rh½srbs;eyIg. ´minGacR)ab;Ég)an
eTfa etIenAeBljúaMGaharenaH eKnaMKñaniyayjwkjab;dl;fñak;NaGMBIGaBah_BiBah_mYyenAGKar
bEnßm ebIsinCas®gÁamRtÚvGUsbnøayR)aMqñaMeTot. etIeyIgmankt;smÁal;eT GMBIkarniyayelg
BIenHbnþicBIenaHbnþicrbs;):am:ak;? eyIgesÞIrEtmincab;GarmμN_GVIeT eRBaHkarniyaydUecñaH
vaeqatl¶gx; aø gM Nas;. etI)a: m:ak;rbs;éPøcehIyb¤fa Kat;kF¾ aø b;enABIekμgEdr? RbEhlCaBYkKat;
ePøcEmnk¾mindwg. BYkeK)anesIccMGkRKb;EtelIk enAeBleyIgmuWgm:at;. pÞúyeTAvij eyIgk¾
esIcelgenAeBlBYkKat;muWgm:at;Edr.
´mindwgfa nwgmanGVeI kIteLIgeT enAeBleRkayeTot ehIyk¾mni dwgEdrfa etIeyIgnwgGs;erOg
RtÚvniyayKñab¤y:agNaeT. b:uEnþ ebIsinCavabnþdUecñH TIbMputeyIgnwgGacenACamYyKñaedaymin
)ac;niyayKña. sUm[):am:ak;rbs;Kat;Qb;eFVIGVIcEmøk²eTAcuH. vaRbEhlCamkBIKat;mincUlcitþ
CYbmux´jwkjab;ehIyemIleTA. pitF½r nig ´BitCaminR)ab;BYkKat;nUvGVIEdleyIgniyayKñaeT.
cUrÉgsakRsémemIlfa etIvanwgeTACay:agNa ebIsinCaBYkKat;dwgfa eyIgBiPakSaKñaGMBIerOg
Tak;TgnwgePTenaH.
ćg;sYr pitF½r faetIKat;dwgeT RsI²manrUbragy:agem:cenAeBlniyaydl;erOgenaH.
´KitfamnusSRbúsminCasμKú sμajdUcmnusSRsIeT. ÉgGacemIleXIjy:agRsYlfa etImnusSRbús
manrUbragy:agem:cenAkñúgrUbftmnusSRbúsRsatnnleKak. b:uEnþ cMeBaH®sþIvijvamindUcKñaeT.
cMeBaH®sþIePT Rbdab;bnþBUC b¤ k¾ehAy:agem:ck¾)an RtÚv)anlak;enAcenøaHeCIg. pitF½r RbEhl
CaminFøab;eXIjRbdab;ePTmnusSRsIenACitEPñkeT. ´R)ab;ÉgtamRtg;eTAcuH sUm,IEt´k¾minFøab;
eXIjEdr. mnusSRbúsRsYlBiBN’naeT. b:Eu nþetIńwgBiBN’naGMBRI bdab;ePTmnusSRsIya: gdUcemþc
eTAelakeGIy? ´Gaceqøy I R)ab;)anBIGEIV dlKat;ny
i ayfa Kat;Gt;dgw c,as;eTfaetIRbdab;TaMgGs;
« »
enaHrbs;mnusSRsIpÁMúKñay:agem:c. Kat;)anniyayGMBI ks,Ún b:uEnþks,ÚnenHenAxagkñúgÉeNaH
ehIyeyIgemIlmineXIjeT. GVI²RKb;y:agRtÚv)anerobcMy:agl¥cMeBaHmnusSRsIeyIg. ´sUm
niyaytamRtg;cuHfa Tal;EtGayu)andb;mYyqñaM b¤db;BIrqñaM eTIb´dwgfa eyanIrbs;mnusSRsIman
RbebrmYyRsTab;eTotenAxagkñúg eRBaHeyIgminGacemIleXIjvaeT. GVIKYr[Gs;sMeNIcCagenH
eTotenaHKW ´Føab;KitfaTwkenamhUrecjBIeqþj. ´sYrm:ak;mþgfa etIGadMutUcmYyenaHCas¥IeTA.
218 Gan;E®hVg
m:ak;eqøIyfa m:ak;mindwgeT. Kat;BitCaGaceFVICaKføg;)an enAeBlKat;cg;eFVI¡.

b:uEnþ sUmgakmkRbFanbTeyIgvij. »¡ elakeGIy etIGñkBnül;fa GVImYymanrUbragy:ag
em:cedayKμanKMrUekItEdrb¤eT? etI´KYrEtsakl,gb¤? G‘Ícwgk¾)anEdrerOgvaG‘ÍecHÉg¡.
enAeBlQr GVI²EdlÉgemIleXIjBImuxenaH KW mmIs. enAcenøaHeCIgrbs;ÉgmanEkøb
sac;BIrTn;elμIydUcexñIyedaymanmmIsRKbBIelI. sac;BIrEkøbenaH nwgeKobKñaenAeBlÉgQr
dUecñHÉgminGacemIleXIjGVIenAxagkñúgeT. Ekøbsac;enaH)anEjkecjBIKña enAeBlÉgGgÁúycuH
ehIyvamanBN’Rkhmcas; nigmansuT§Etsac;enAxagkñúg. enAEpñkxagelIcenøaHRbebrxageRkA
manpñt;Es,kmYy EdlmanRbePTdUcCaBgEbkG‘Ícwg. vaenaHeKehAfaeqþj. enAxagkñúgbnÞab;
eTot manRbebrkñúgEdleKobcUlKñaCapñt;Edr ehIymanlkçN³dUcCacg¥Úr. enAeBlvaebIkeLIg
ÉgGacemIleXIjdMusac;tUcmYyEdlminFMCagcugemédeT. EpñkxagelImanrn§tUc²mYycMnYnenA
elIva. vaKWCakEnøgEdlTwkenamhUrecjmk. EpñkxageRkamemIleTAhak;dUcCaEs,k b:uEnþenaH
ehIyCakEnøgrbs;rn§eyanI. ÉgesÞIrEtemIlmineXIjvaeT eRBaHpñt;Es,kRKbrn§enaHCit. rn§
enaHtUcNas; rhUtdl;ésÞIrEtnwkmindl;eLIyfa Rbdab;ePTbursGaclUncUl)an ehIyk¾Kitmin
dl;EdrfaetITarkGacekItecjmky:agdUcemþcekIt. sUm,IEtykRmamcg¥úlédrbs;Égs‘kcUlk¾
vaBi)akEdr. enATIenaHmanEtb:uNÑwgÉg b:uEnþ vamantYnaTIsMxan;sem,ImNas;¡.

XIFI smøaj;/
ÉgGacdwg)anfa Égmankarpøas;bþÚry:agNaluHNaEtva)anekIteLIgrYceRsc)at;eTA
ehIy. ´mankarpøas;bþÚrxøaMgNas;. xøÜn´TaMgGs;suT§EtxusEbøk TaMgeyabl;KMnitnigTsSnvis½y
riHKn;. xagkñúgnigxageRkAminmanGVIdUcKñaeT. eRBaHvaCaerOgBit ´RbEhlCaGacniyaybEnßm
eTotfa ÉRbRbÜlkñúgpøÚvl¥. ´Føab;)anniyayR)ab;Égmþgfa bnÞab;BI´)anTTYlkarRslaj;
fñak;fñmry³eBlCaeRcInqñaM ´Bi)aknwgsRmbsRmÜleTAnwgkarBitCak;Esþgd¾lM)akénmnusSeBj
v½ynigkarriHKn;Nas;. b:Eu nþ ):anigm:ak;KCW amnusSRtÚvbenÞascMeBaHkarEdl´RtÚvRTaMRTeRcInEbb
enH. enAÉpÞHrbs;eyIg BYkKat;cg;[´sb,aynwgCIvit. vaBitCaRbéBehIy. b:uEnþenATIenH
BYkKat;minKYrCMruj[ýl;RsbCamYyBYkKat;eT ehIyk¾minKYrbgðajÉtBIehtuplrbs;Kat;eTA
elICemøaHnigkarniyayreGcrGUcenaHEdr. vayUrNas;muneBl´)andwgfaédmçagTHminB¤eT.
\LÚv´dwgfaeK)anRbRBwtþkMhusCaeRcInenATIenH minfamnusScas;b¤ekμgeT vadUcEtKñahñwg. kMhus
FMbMputrbs;):anigm:ak;kñúgkarTMnak;TMngCamYyRKÜsar v:an; daGan KWfa BYkKat;minesμaHRtg; nig
minrak;Tak; ¬´sarPaBfa PaBrak;Tak;RbEhlRtÚvEteFVIeLIgedayEkøgkøay¦. elIsBIenHeTot ´
cg;rkSasnþiPaB ehIyminEmnsnþiPaBcMeBaHCemøaHnigkarniyayreGcrGUceT. CamYy):anig
m:ahÁút Gt;manGVIBi)akeT b:uEnþerOgBi)akenaHKWCamYym:ak;. dUecñHehIy)anCa´sb,aycitþEdl
Kat;riHKn;´mþgmáal. ÉgGacdeNþImelak v:an; daGan [mkenAxagÉg)an edayyl;RBmCamYy
Kat; sþab;y:ages¶óms¶at; minniyayeRcInehIysMxan;bMput>>>eqøIytbcMeBaHkarcMGn;rbs;Kat;
nigkarniyaykMEbøgRcMEdlrbs;Kat; edayGñkelIkykerOgkMEbøgrbs;GñkmkniyayEdrenaH.
elakRsI v:an; daGan GacCmñH)anedayniyayRtg;²\tlak;elomCamYyKat; ehIysarPaB
enAeBlÉgdwgxøÜnfaeFVIxus. Kat;k¾sarPaBkMhuskñúgcMeNamkMhusCaeRcInrbs;Kat;edayRtg;²
Edr. ´dwgcitþKat;c,as; rhUtdl;Kat;minGacKitGaRkk;GMBI´dUckalKat;)aneFVIBIdMbUgeLIy.
erOgenaHRKan;EtedaysarésμaHRtg; ehIyR)ab;BYkeKRtg;²cMmuxEtmþgnUvGVIEdl´KiteXIj
eTaHbICavaminmanlkçN³elIkeCIgkþI. ćg;esμaHRtg;. ´KitfakaresμaHRtg;nwgeFVI[Égkan;Et
rIkceRmIn ehIyk¾eFVI[ÉgmanGarmμN_kan;Etl¥cMeBaHxøÜnÉgpgEdr.
kalBImSil elakRsI v:an; daGan kMBugEtniyayGMBIGgárEdleyIg)an[elak ekøm:g;.
«GVITaMgGs;EdleyIgeFVIenaH KWKitEtBI[ [ [minQb;. b:uEnþ enAcMNucxøH´Kitfa [lμm²)an
ehIy. ebIKat;manbBaðaelak ekøm:g; GacmksMuGgárykeTATuksRmab;EtxøÜnÉg. ehtuGVIeyIg
RtÚv[Kat;nUves,ógTaMgGs;rbs;eyIgenaH? eyIgRtÚvkarvaxøaMgNas;Edr . »
«
´)aneqøIyfa eT elakRsI v:an; daGan. ´minÉkPaBCamYyelakRsIeT. elak ekøm:g;
GacmanlT§PaBrkGgár)anbnþicbnþÜc b:uEnþKat;mincUlcitþxVl;BIvaeT. eyIgminRtÚvmanCMhrriHKn;
mnusSEdlkMBugEtCYyeyIgeT. eyIgKYrEtpþl;[BYkeKnUvGVIRKb;y:ag EdlBYkeKRtÚvkarebIsinCa
eyIgGacmanvaenAsl;enaH. Gs;)aymindl;mYycanpgkñúgmYys)aþh_ vamineFVI[mankarxus
EbøkGVIeT. eyIgGacjúaMsENþk)an . »
elakRsI v:an; daGan minyl;eXIjtampøÚvrbs;éT b:uEnþKat;)anniyaybEnßmfa eTaHbI

CaKat;minyl;RsbkþI Kat;manbMNgnwgbnÞn;CMhr. ehIyenaHKWCabBaðaxusEbøkTaMgRsug.
EmnehIy ´)anniyayRKb;RKan;ehIy. eBlxøH´dwgfa ´sßitenATItaMgNa ehIyeBlxøH´
220 Gan;E®hVg
mancm¶l; b:uEnþenATIbMput ńwgeTAdl;kEnøgEdlćg;eTA¡ ´dwgfa ńwgGaceFVI)andUecñH¡ CaBiess

enAeBlenH ´manCMnYy eRBaH pitF½r CYy´qøgkat;karlM)akBüúHePøógd¾eRcIn¡
niyaytamRtg; ´min)andwgfa etI pitF½r Rslaj;´b:uNÑaeT ehIyk¾mindwgfa etIeyIg
GacQandl;fñak;efIbKñab¤k¾Gt;. eTaHkñúgkrNINakþI ´mincg;rujbgçMbBaðaeT¡ ´)anR)ab;):afa ´
eTACYb pitF½r Cajwkjab; ehIy´sYrKat;faetIKat;KaMRTb¤eT. BitehIy ):aKat;)anKaMRT¡
\LÚvenH ´kan;EtgayR)ab; pitF½r nUverOgr:avepSg²EdlCaFmμtaÉtglak;TukkñúgxøÜn.
]TahrN_ ´)anR)ab;Kat;fa ćg;køayCaGñkniBn§enAeBlGnaKt ehIyebI´minGaceFVI)anńwg
sresrenAeBlTMenrBIkargarrbs;´.
´minmanluy b¤ k¾rUbsm,tþiGIeRcIneT. ´mins¥at minqøat b¤k¾vagévGIeT b:uEnþ´sb,ay
citþ ćg;enAdUecñaHÉg¡ ékItmkedIm,Isb,ay ´Rslaj;mnusSmña ´mansarCatiKYrCaTITukcitþ
ehIy´k¾cg;[mnusSRKb;Kñasb,aycitþEdr.
mitþd¾PkþIrbs;Ég/ Gan; m> E®hVg
eBléf¶d¾KYr[Fujfb; eTaHbICamanBnøWPøWføaciBa©acciEBa©gkþI
vaenAEtggwtsUnüsugdUcCaeBlraRtIEdr.
¬´)ansresrXøaenH kalBIBIrbIs)aþh_knøgeTA ehIyvaElgBiteTotehIy b:uEnþ´sresrvacUl
eRBaHkMNaBürbs;´manticNas;¦.

XIFI smøaj;/
y:agehacNas; k¾manCMBUkd¾EvgmYy sþIBICIvitrbs;eyIgenAkñúgkarlak;xøÜn Edlniyay
GMBIneya)ayEdr. b:uEnþ écosvagminsresrRbFanbTenHeT eRBaH´minsUvcab;GarmμN_nwgva.
b:uEnþ eTaHCay:agNakþI enAéf¶enHńwgsresrBIneya)ayeBjmYysMbuRtenHEtmþg.
BitCamaneyabl;epSgKñaCaeRcInsþIBIRbFanbTenH ehIyvaminmanGVIKYr[PJak;ep¥IleT
EdlB¤eKniyayGMBIerOgenHCajwkjab;enAkñúgGMLúgeBlmans®gÁam b:uEnþ>>>kareQøaHKñaeRcInGMBI
erOgneya)ay BitCaqátÜ suTE§ tmþg¡ sUmTuk[BYkeKesIc s,f Pñal;Kañ rG‘rU TaM ehIyeFVGI kIV e¾ day
tamcitþeKcuH eRBaHBYkeKnwgTTYlpledayxøÜnÉg. b:uEnþ sUmkMu[BYkeKeQøaHKñaGI eRBaHeFVIG‘Ícwg
Gac[erOgkan;EtF¶n;F¶reLIg. mnusSmkBIxageRkA)annaMdMNwgCaeRcInmkR)ab;eyIg. b:uEnþ

dMNwgenaH eRkaymkRtÚvdwgfaminBiteT. eTaHy:agNakþI mkTl;eBlenHviTüúrbs;eyIgminEdl
pSayBt’manPreT. eCn emob elak ekøm:g; ebb nig elak XuKø½r niyaycuHeLIgGMBIneya)ay
b:uEnþ eCn cab;GarmμN_erOgenHticCageKbMput.
enATIenH kñúgGKarbEnßm esckþIsgÇwmTak;Tgnwgneya)ayenAEtdEdl KμanERbRbÜleT.
karBiPakSaKμanTIbBa©b; GMBIkarQøanBan karvayRbhartamynþehaH sunÞrkfa .l.nig.l.
« » « » «
RtÚv)anbnþedaykarERskbnÞrrab;mni Gs;dcU Ca minGaceTArYceT¡ » RBHeGIy¡ ebIvacab;epþmI
» «
enAeBlenH dl;eBlNaeTAeTIbvacb;¡ vanwgGs©arü KYr[rMePIbnigl¥Nas; . »
GñksuTidæiniym nig GñkTuTidæiniym edayminrab;dl;GñktfPaBniympg)anpSBVpSay

eyabl;rbs;BYkeKCamYynwgfamBlminecHRskRsut. Tak;TgeTAnwgerOgRKb;y:agepSgeTot
BYkeKR)akdkñúgcitþfa BYkeKmansiT§iGMNacpþac;muxeTAelIkarBit. vaeFVI[mYh~gdl;®sþINaEdl
sVamIrbs;Kat;manCMenO]tþúgÁ]tþmEbbenHcMeBaHCnCatiGg;eKøs. cMENksVamIxøH)anvaydMRbBn§
xøÜnÉg edaysarBYkeKcMGn; nigbg¥ab;RbeTsCaTIRslaj;rbs;elakbþITaMgenaH¡.
ehIyva)anekIteLIgdUecñaH taMgBIRBwkRBlwmrhUtdl;yb;eRCA. erOgEdlKYr[Gs;sMeNIc
enaHKWfa BYkeKminFujRTan;nwgerOgneya)ayenaHeT. ´)anrkeXIjkll,icmYy ehIyvaBitCa
manRbsiT§iPaBxøaMgNas; eRbobdUcCaykm¢úlxÞas;mkcak;[BYkeKelatkeBaägG‘Ícwg ehIyeyIg
QrcaMemIl. l,icklenaHRbRBwtþeTAdUcteTAenH³ ćab;epþImniyayerOgneya)ay. vaRtÚvkar
sMNYrEtmYyBaküEtmYym:at; b¤k¾XøamYyRbeyaKb:ueNÑaH vanwgnaM[RKÜsarTaMgmUlcUlxøÜnniyay
EdrmuneBlÉg)andwgvaeTAeTot¡.
« »
hak;dUcCaBt’man Ev:rm:ac; jÚs_ CaPasaGaløWm:g; nig b‘Íb‘ÍsuI CaPasaGg;eKøs minTan;RKb;
RKan;G‘Ícwg BYkeK\LÚvenH)anbEnßmesckþIRbkasBiessxøÜnÉgeTot GMBIkarvayqμk;tampøÚv
Gakas. srub[xøIEtmYyBaküeTA KWva Gs©arü. b:uEnþ erOgpÞúyBIenHKWfa kgkmøaMgT½BGakas
Gg;eKøs kMBugEtRbtibtþikarémÖbYnem:ag. vadUcCak,alm:asuIneXasnarbs;GaløWm:g; EdlkMBugEt
pSBVpSaykarPUtkuhkémÖbYnem:agkñúgmYyéf¶Edr¡
dUecñH viTüúRtÚv)aneKebIkCaerogral;RBwk enAevlaem:agR)aMbI ¬ebIminmunenHeT¦ ehIyRtÚv
eKsþab;RKb;em:ag rhUtdl;em:agR)aMbYn em:agdb; b¤k¾rhUtdl;em:agdb;mYyyb;eTotpg. enHKWCa
PsþútagminFøab;manEdlfa mnusSeBjv½ymanPaBGt;Fμt;\tRBMEdn b:uEnþvak¾CaPsþútagEdrfa xYr
222 Gan;E®hVg
k,alBYkeK)anekþARCúlehIy ¬ćg;mann½yfa BYkeKxøHb:ueNÑaH eRBaH´mincg;RbmafnrNaeT¦.

karpSBVpSaytamviTüúEtmþg b¤eRcInbMputBIrdgRKb;RKan;ehIyedIm,I[eKniyayeBjmYyéf¶.
b:uEnþminEmneT mnusScas;cmáÜtTaMgenaH>>>minecHRbkan;eT. ´)anniyayvaGs;ehIy¡ manePøg «
»
kMdrenAeBlGñkeFVIkar KWCakarpSBVpSayCaPasahuløg;mkBIGg;eKøs. enAkñúgkmμviFIenH E®hVg
hVIlIbS b¤ XVIn vIlehlmINa BYkeKmñak;²bþÚrevnKñaedIm,IrkGñkEdlmanbMNgsþab;. ebIsinCa
mnusSeBjv½yTaMgenaHminhUbGVI b¤k¾eKgeTenaH BYkeKnwgmkpþMúKñaenACMuvijviTüú niyayKñaGMBkI arjúaM
karedk nigneya)ay. hu¡W vacab;epþmI køayCaerOgKYr[FujRTan;ehIy enaHKWGTIV aMgGs;Edl´Gac
nwgeFVIedIm,Imin[xøÜn´køayCamnusSRsIkBa©as;KYr[Fuj¡ eTaHbICaenACamYyhVÚgmnusScas;TaMg
enaHkþI k¾vaRbEhlCaminGaRkk;xøaMgeT¡.
enHKWCa]TahrN_dR¾ besIrmYy. mansunrÞ kfamYyEdleFVeI LIgedayelak vInsþnú qWcQIl
CaTIRslaj;rbs;eyIg.
enAevlaem:agR)aMbYnl¶acéf¶GaTitü. ):an;EtEdlmans‘umRTab;BIeRkam kMBugEtsßitenAelItu
ehIyePJóvcUlmkkñúgbnÞb;. DusEsl GgÁúyenAxageqVgviTüú. elak v:an; daGan enABImuxvaehIy
pitF½r enAcMehog. m:ak;enACab;elak v:an; daGan ehIyelakRsI v:an; daGan enABIeRkayBYkKat;.
´ nig m:ahÁút GgÁúyenACYreRkayeKbg¥s; ehIy BIm enACittu. ´dwgfaenHminEmnCakarBiBN’na
c,as;las;eBkeT GMBIkarerobcMkEnøgGgÁúyrbs;eyIg b:uEnþvaminsMxan;GIeT. burs²naMKñaCk;)arI.
pitF½r rYyEPñkeBkedaysarsþab;viTüúk¾biTEPñkeTA. m:ak;esøóksemøókbMBak;r:UbEvgBN’exμA.
elakRsI v:an; daGan kMBugEtj½rxøÜnedaysarynþehaHEdlehaHelIemXeday\trYjraeq<aHeTA
kan;GuIsSwn56. ):akMBugEteRkbTwkEtrbs;Kat; ehIy m:ahÁút nig´ enArYmKñarebobCabgb¥ÚnRsIEk,r
mUsQI EdlkMBugEtedklk;enAelICgÁg;rbs;eyIgTaMgBIrnak;. sk;rbs; m:ahÁút mansuT§EtRbdab;
mUrsk;[rYjGgáaj; ehIysemøókbMBak;edkyb;rbs;´vij tUcRCúl twgRCúl nigxøIRCúl. vahak;
dUcCasiTs§ añ l kk;ekþAnigmanPaBs¶bs; a¶ t; ehIyelIkenH vaBitCaG‘cÍ gw Emn. b:Eu nþénArg;caMsaþ b;
sunÞrkfaenaH[cb;edaykþIP½yxøac. BYkeKElgGt;Fμt; ehIycab;epþImmancitþcg;eQøaHKñaeTot
ehIy¡ sðW sðW eRbobdUcCasMeLgqμaTak;Taj[kNþúrecjBIrn§ BYkeKbgáCemøaH nigkarTas;ETgKña
eTAvijeTAmk.
Gan; rbs; XI F I
56 RkúgmYyenAxaglicPUmiPaKkNþalGaløWm:g; xageCIgRkúgkULÚj.

XIFI smøaj;/
eRcIndUcCaćg;sresrerOgneya)aybEnßmeTotEdr ´mandMNwgdéTeTotedIm,IraykarN_
R)ab;ÉgenAeBlenH. TImYy m:ak;hamXat;´min[eTACYb pitF½r enAbnÞb;Kat;eT. tamKat;yl;
KWfa elakRsI v:an; daGan mancitþRcENn eRBaH pitF½r minsUvykcitþTukdak;nigKat;esaH. TIBIr
pitF½r )anGeBa¢Ij m:ahÁút [cUlrYmCamYyeyIgenACan;xagelI. ´mindwgfaKat;BitCacg;G‘Ícwg
Emn b¤k¾RKan;EtniyayecjmkedIm,ICakarKYrsmb¤k¾y:agNaeT. TIbI ´sYr):afa etIKat;)anKitfa
´KYrEtykcitþTukdak;nwgkarRcENnrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan Edrb¤eT. Kat;)anniyayfa
´min)ac;eTAKiteT.
etI´RtÚveFVIy:agem:ceTAenAeBlenH? m:ak;Kat;xwg ehIymincg;[éTACan;xagelIeT. Kat;
cg;[´vilRtLb;mkeFVIkic©karsala kñúgbnÞb;EdlénACamYy DusEsl vij. Kat;RbEhlCa
RcENnxøÜnÉgpgk¾mindwg. ):aminsÞak;esÞIrnwgpþl;eBlevlaem:agenaH[eyIgeT ehIyKat;Kitfa
val¥ehIyEdleyIgRtÚvrU:vKñay:agl¥EbbenH. m:ahÁút cUlcitþ pitF½r Edr b:uEnþKat;manGarmμN_
fakarrMxaneTAvijeT.
CagenHeTot m:ak;Kitfa pitF½r Rslaj;´. ´R)ab;karBitdl;ÉgcuH ćg;[Kat;Rslaj;´
Emn. bnÞab;mkeyIgnwgRslaj;Kña ehIyvanwgnaM[mankargayRsYlkan;EteRcIneLIgedIm,IsÁal;
Kña. Kat;k¾niyayEdrfa pitF½r EtgsmøwgemIl´. EmnehIy ´snμtfa eyIgBitCajak;EPñkdak;
KñamþgmáalEdr. b:uEnþ ´minGacecosvarYceT ebIsinCaKat;ecHEtes¶IcsresIrf<al;xYcrbs;Émn
eT?
énAkñúgsßanPaBBi)akNas;. m:ak;RbqaMg´ ehIy´RbqaMgKat;. ):aeFVImineXIjkareQøaH
KñarvagmþaynigkUn. m:ak;eRkómRkM eRBaHKat;enAEtRslaj;´ b:uEnþ´minsb,aycitþesaH eRBaH
Kat;Elgmann½yGVIeTotehIysRmab;´.
Tak;TgnwgerOg pitF½r>>>´mincg;e)aHbg;Kat;eT. Kat;KYr[Rslaj; ehIy´sresIrKat;xøaMg
Nas;. Kat;ehIynig´GacmanTMnak;TMngd¾Rss;bMRBgCamYyKña cuHehtuGVI)anCahVÚgmnusScas;
TaMgenaHcUlmkeRCótERCkerOgrbs;eyIgeTot? CasMNagl¥ ´Tmøab;)aneTAehIykñúgkarlak;
GarmμN_Bitrbs;xøÜn dUecñH´Gacminbgðaj[eKdwgfa ´qáÜtvegVgdl;fñak;NacMeBaH pitF½r eLIy.
etIKat;nwgniyayGVIb¤? etIńwgTTYlGarmμN_fa f<al;rbs; pitF½r mkb:Hf<al;rbs;´ dUcCa´man
224 Gan;E®hVg
GarmμNf_ af<al;rbs; pitefl mkb:Hf<al;énAkñgú karyl;sbþbi ?¤ GU¡+ pitF½r nig pitefl ÉgTaMg
BIrKWCamnusSEtmYy nigdUcKña¡ BYkeKminyl;BIeyIgeT. BYkeKminyl;fa RKan;EtGgÁúyCitKña min
niyayGImYym:at; k¾eyIgsb,aycitþNas;eTAehIy. BYkeKmindwgeTfa manGVITak;TajeyIg[
mkenACamYyKña¡ GU¡+ etIdl;eBlNaeTAeTIbeyIgCmñHkarlM)akTaMgGs;enH)an? b:Eu nþ vaCaerOgl¥
ehIyEdleyIgRtÚvCmñHkarlM)akTaMgenHeRBaHvanwgeFVI[manTIbBa©b;mYyEdlkan;EtRss;bMRBg
xøaMgeLIg. enAeBlKat;ykédmkdak;elIk,al ehIybiTEPñk Kat;enAEtCakUnekμgenAeLIy. enA
eBlKat;niyayCamYy mUsQI b¤k¾niyayGMBIva Kat;KYr[Rslaj;Emn. enAeBlKat;kan;dMLÚg
b¤rbs;F¶n;²déTeTot Kat;emIleTABitCaxøaMg. enAeBlKat;ecjeTAemIlkar)aj;Kña b¤k¾edIrkat;pÞH
EdlggwtedIm,IrkemIlecarcUlKas;pÞH Kat;BitCakøahan. enAeBlKat;mankayvikarqÁgBi)ak
erobb£kBa Kat;KYr[Rslaj;TaMgGs;sgÇwm. Kat;Bnül;GVImYydl;´val¥Cag´RtÚvbeRgónKat;eTA
eTot. ´sUmbYgsYg[Kat;l¥CagésÞIrEtRKb;y:ag¡.
etIeyIgxVl;GVIGMBIm:ak;TaMgBIrrbs;eyIg? GU+¡ sUm[Kat;niyayGVImYycuH.
):aEtgniyayfa ´manemaTkPaBRCúleBkehIy b:uEnþ ´mindUecñaHeT. ´RKan;EtCamnusS
Gt;)ankarmñak;b:ueNÑaH¡ ´minmanmnusSeRcInKñaR)ab;´fa ´s¥ateT elIkElgEtekμgRbúsmñak;enA
ÉsalaeronEdl)anniyayfa ´KYr[Rslaj;Nas;enAeBljjwmmþg². kalBImSil pitF½r
)ansresIrý:agR)akd ehIyRKan;nwg)anCakaresIcsb,ay ´sUmpþl;[ÉgnUvKMnitRtÜs²GMBI
karsnÞnarbs;eyIg.
« »
pitF½r Cajwkjab;niyayfa jjwm¡ . ´KitfacEmøk dUecñHkalBImSil ´)ansYrKat;fa
«ehtuGVIGñkEtgEtcg;[´jjwm? »
« »
eRBaHGñkmanf<al;xYc. etIGñkeFVIem:ceTA)anCaG‘Icwg?
«
vamanmktaMgBIkMeNItemø:H. cgáarbs;´k¾ERBkEdr. vaKWCasñamsRms;EtmYyKt;Edl
»
´man .
« »
eT² minBiteT .
«
ca+s¡ BitehIy. ´dwgfa ´minRss;s¥ateT. ´mins¥ateT ehIyeTAmuxeTotk¾ńwgminGac
s¥at)aneT . »
«
´minyl;RsbeT. ´Kitfa Gan; s¥at . »
« »
´mins¥ateT .
«ńiyayfaGñks¥at ehIy Gan; RtÚvEteCO´¡ . »
dUecñH eRkaymk´BitCa)anniyaydUcKñaEdrGMBIrUbKat;.

XIFI smøaj;/
elak bUlexesþn rdæm®nþITIsþIkarKN³rdæm®nþI )anniyayenAtamviTüúpSayPasahuløg;BI
RkúgLúgd_fa bnÞab;BIs®gÁamcb;ehIy nwgmankarRbmUlesovePAkMNt;ehtuTaMgGs; nigsMbuRt
TaMgGs;EdlTak;TgeTAnwgs®gÁam. mnusSRKb;Kñak¾cab;GarmμN_Pøamdl;esovePAkMNt;ehturbs;
´. cUrÉgKiteTAemIlfaetIvaKYr[cab;GarmμN_y:agNaEdle)aHBum<esovePAerOgRbelamelak
sþGI BM GI KarbEnßmsm¶at;. RKan;EtcMNgeCIgenaH vanwgeFV[I mnusSeyIgKitfavaCaerOgesubI Gegát
eTAehIy.
ńiyayEmnNa+fa db;qñaMeRkays®gÁam mnusSnwgyl;eXIjfavaBitCaKYr[sb,ayEmn
Edl)andwgfaeyIg)anrs;enAy:agdUcemþc eyIgjúaMGVI ehIyeyIgniyayGVIkñúgnamCaCnCatiCVIhV
EdlkMBugEtlak;xøÜn. eTaHbIńiyayR)ab;ÉgGMBICIvitrbs;eyIg eRcInehIyk¾eday k¾Égdwg
tictYcb:ueNÑaHGMBIeyIg. ®sþIP½yxøacy:agNa enAeBlmankarvayqμk;tampøÚvGakas. ]TahrN_
kalBIéf¶GaTitümun enAeBlynþehaHGg;eKøscMnYn350eRKÓgTmøak;RKab;cMnYn550etaneTAelI
GayeymUeDn rhUtdl;eTAeFVI[pÞHsEm,gregÁIdUcesμAerraMenAeBlRtÚvkmøaMgxül;bk;. GU+¡ manCMgW
ratt,ateRcInb:uNÑakMBugraldalenATIenH.
Égmin)andwgGVIeTGMBIbBaðaenH ehIyvanwgRtÚvkar[ćMNayeBlmYyéf¶eBjedIm,IBiBN’na
GMBIerOgenH[lm¥itbMput. RbCaCnRtÚvQrCaCYredIm,ITijbEnønigTMnijRKb;RbePT. evC¢bNÐit
minGacmkemIlGñkCMgWrbs;xøÜn)an eRBaHrfynþnigeTacRkyanRtÚv)anlYcenAeBlEdlBYkeK
Ebrxñg. ecarKas;pÞHnigecarlYcmaneRcInNas; rhUtdl;ÉgGacecaTsYrxøÜnÉgfa etImanGVIcUl
mksNæitenAkñúgxøÜnrbs;CnCatihuløg; )anCaBYkeKmanédgaylYcrbs;eKEbbenH. ekμgtUc²
GayuR)aMbInigdb;mYyqñaM év:bMEbkbg¥ÜcpÞHRbCaCn ehIylYcGVI²RKb;y:agEdlBYkeKGaclUkéd
yk)an. RbCaCnminh‘ancakecjBIpÞH[)anR)aMnaTIeT eRBaHBYkeKnwgRtÚvvilRtLb;mkpÞHvij
ehIyeXIjRTBüsm,tþirbs;BYkeK)at;Gs;rlIg. Caerogral;éf¶ kaEst)ancuHpSayesckþICUn
226 Gan;E®hVg
dMNgw pþlr; gVan;sRmab;karRbKl;[vijnUvm:asuInvayGgÁúlIelx kRmalRBMRbéBNI naLikaGKÁisnI

nigRkNat; .l. naLikaGKÁisnIenAtamkac;RCúgpøÚv RtÚv)aneKdkecj TUrs½BÞsaFarN³ k¾RtÚv
)aneKedaHeRKÓgecjenAsl;EtExS.
sIlFm’enAkñúgcMeNamRbCaCnhuløg;Gacminl¥eT. mnusSRKb;KñaeRskXøanGahar.
elIkElgEtkakkaehVecj rbbGaharsRmab;ry³eBlmYys)aþh_ minGacRKb;)anBIréf¶eT.
karQøanBan)ancUlmkdl;yrU ehIy mnusSRbúsRtÚv)aneKdwktamk):al;ecjeTARbeTsGalømW g: .;
kumarmanCMgWb¤k¾xVHxatGaharUbtßmÖ. mnusSRKb;KñaesøóksemøókbMBak;rEhk nigEs,keCIgswk
erc. eRsameCIgmYyKUmantémø7/50hÁIldW enATIpSarggwt. eRkABIenHCagEs,keCIgBIrbInak;nwg
eFVIkarCYsCul b¤k¾ebIBYkeKeFVI GñkRtÚvEtrg;caMrhUtry³eBlbYnEx eTIbGñkGacykEs,keCIg)an
EdlRbEhlCava)at;eTAehIy enAkñúgeBlenaH. manerOgl¥my Y elcecjBIerOgenH. enAeBl
sßanPaBGaharkan;EtGaRkk; ehIyRkwtüc,ab;kan;EtF¶n;F¶renaH skmμPaBviT§gSnaRbqaMgGaCJaFr
kMBgu EtekIneLIg. KN³kmμkarrbbGaharb:lU si nigm®nþI )anTaMgCYynigriHKn;Blrdærbs;xnÜø ehIy
bBa¢nÚ BYkeKbBa©lÚ Kuk. sMNagl¥ RbCaCnhulgø m; YycMnYntUcb:ueNÑaHEdledIrpøÚvxus.
Gan; rbs; XI F I

XIFI smøaj;/
ÉgKiteTAemIl. GakasFatuRtCak;KYrsm b:uEnþ mnusSPaKeRcInbMputminmanFüÚg
dutGs;ry³eBlCitmYyExehIy. sþab;eTAKYr[xøacNas;EmneT XIFI? manGarmμN_TUeTAcMeBaH
suTidæiniymGMBIsmrPUmixagrusSúI eRBaHenHCasmrPUmiFM¡ ´min)ansresrjwkjab;GMBIsßanPaB
neya)ayeT b:uEnþ´RtÚvEtR)ab;Égfa etIBYkrusSúIenAÉNaenAeBlenH. BYkeK)anmkdl;RBMEdn
b:ULÚjnigTenøRBút enArUm:anIehIy. BYkeKenACit GUedsSa57 ehIyBYkeK)aneLamB½T§ F½rNUpUl58.
Caerogral;yb;eyIgsgÇwmfa nwgmanesckþIEføgkarN_bEnßmmYyBI sþalIn.
BYkeK)aj;kaMePøIgGbGrsaTrenARkúgmUsÁÚCajwkjy ehIyTIRkúgTaMgmUlc,as;CakMBugEt
lan;sUrsMeLgy:agsn§wk nigkMBugEtj½rxÞ½reBjmYyéf¶. etIBYkeKcUlcitþeFVIRtab;tamkarRbyuT§Kña
57 RkúgmYyenAPUmPi aKnirtIRbeTsrusSIzú ti enAtamqksmuRTGUedsSa.
5 8 RkúgmYyenAPaKnirtITIRkúgekov RbeTsG‘uyERkn.
enAtMbn;Cti ² b¤ke¾ KKμanmeFüa)ayepSgedIm,IsEmþgkarsb,ayrbs;BkY eK. ´min)andwgc,as;eT¡.

hughÁarIRtÚv)ankan;kab;edaykgT½BGaløWm:g;. manRbCaCnCVIhVmYylannak;enArs;TIenaH
enAeLIy. BYkeKk¾manvasnaGaRkk;Edr.
KμanGVIBiessekIteLIgenATIenHeT. éf¶enHKWCaéf¶xYbkMeNItrbs;elak v:an; daGan. Kat;
TTYl)anfñaMCk;BIrkBa©b; nigkaehVlμmsRmab;mnusSmñak; EdlRbBn§Kat;)ansnSMTuk nigTwkRkÚcqμar
BIelakXuKø½r nigRtIsmuRTsaDIn BI emob TwkGb;BIeyIg páalIelk59 páaFüÚlIB60 nigcugeRkaybg¥s;
KWnmM y
Y mandak;Epøra: s<brW eI LIgeBj. nMenaHrags¥ti bnþci edaysarKuNPaBemSAminsUvl¥ nigxVHbWr
b:uEnþeTaHy:agNak¾eday k¾vamanrsCatiq¶aj;Edr.
karBiPakSaTaMgGs;enaH GMBI´ nig pitF½r )ans¶b;eTAvijbnþic. Kat;nwgmkrkénAyb;enH.
Kat;BitCal¥Emn eRBaHKat;mincUlcitþeFVIG‘ÍcwgeT¡ etIÉgminKitfaKat;dUecñHeTb¤? BYkeyIgKWCamitþ
d¾l¥. eyIg)anenACamYyKñay:agyUr ehIyniyayGMBIerOgRKb;y:agEdleyIgnwkeXIj. vaBit
Cal¥Nas; EdleyIgminRtÚvsÞak;esÞIrenAeBleyIgnwkdl;RbFanbTd¾resIb dUcEdl´)aneFVI
CamYyekμgRbúsdéTeTot. ]TahrN_ eyIgniyayGMBIQam ehIymindwgCay:agem:c karsnÞna
k¾Qandl;karniyayGMBIkarmkQamrdUv.l. Kat;Kitfa mnusSRsIeyIgBitCaxøaMgEmnEdlGac
RTaM)annwgkar)at;bg;Qam ehIyKat;fa´k¾xøaMgEdr. ´q¶l;faehtuGVIeTAhñ+?
CIvitrs;enATIenHrbs;´kan;EtRbesIreLIg²eRcInNas;. RBHCam©as;mine)aHbg;écaleT
ehIyRBHGgÁnwgmineFVIdUecñHeLIy¡.
éf¶esAr_ TI1 Exemsa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
b:uEnþGVI²TaMgGs;enAEtBi)akxøaMgenAeLIy. Égc,as;CadwgehIyEmneTfaćg;niyayBIGVI
enaH? ´R)afñaxøaMgNas; cg;[EtKat;efIb´. b:uEnþ karefIbenaHRtÚvkareBlevlaEp¥mElðm
sRmab;xøÜnvapÞal;. etIKat;enAEtKitfa ´KWCamitþmñak;b¤? b¤k¾´min)anniyayGVIeRCACagenH?
Égnig´dwgehIyfa ´xøagM ehIy´GacRTaMRTbnÞkú CaeRcInNas;Etmñak;Ég. ´minEdlFøab;Eck
59 páaEdlmanBN’sVayesøk b¤BN’s mankøinRkGUbQ¶úyQ¶b;.
6 0 páamYyRbePTmanragdUcEBg manBN’PøWc,as;.
228 Gan;E®hVg
rMElkkar)armÖrbs;ĆamYynrNamñak;eT ehIy´k¾minEdl»bmþaymñak;[)anENnEdr b:uEnþ ćg;

epþkk,al´BIelIsμa pitF½r ehIyGgÁúyenATIenaHy:ages¶óms¶at;.
´minGac ´BitCaminGacbMePøckarsubni eXIjf<al;rbs; pitF½r )aneT enAeBlGV²I RKb;ya: g
l¥xøaMgbMput¡ etIKat;manbMNgR)afñadUcéT? etIKat;eGoneBkrhUtdl;minh‘anniyayfaRslaj;
Émnb¤? ehtuGVIKat;cg;[énACitKat;xøaMgemø:H? GU+¡ ehtuGVIKat;minniyayGVIxøH?
´RtÚvEtQb; ´RtÚvEts¶b;es¶óm. ´BüayameFVIcitþ[xøaMgmþgeTot. ebI´Gt;Fμt; GVIepSg
eTotnwgeTAtamenaHEdr. b:uEnþ´hak;dUcCakMBugEttamKat;. enaHKWCaerOgGaRkk;bMput. ´KWCaGñk
EdleTArkKat;enACan;xagelI. Kat;minEdlmkrkéT. b:uEnþenaHedaysarEterOgbnÞb; Kat;k¾
yl;Edr. GU+¡ ´R)akdkñúgcitþfaKat;yl;eRcInCag´KiteTAeTot.
éf¶c½nÞ TI3 Exemsa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
edaypÞúyeTAnwgkarGnuvtþn_CaFmμtarbs;´ ńwgBiBN’nalm¥itGMBIsßanPaBes,óg eRBaHva
køayCabBaðalM)aknigmansarsMxan;minRtwmEtenAGKarbEnßmeT b:uEnþenARKb;TIkEnøgTaMgGs;kñúg
RbeTshuløg; TVIbGWr:ub nigenAkEnøgepSgeTot.
«
enAkñúgry³eBlémÖmYyExEdleyIgrs;enATIenH eyIg)anqøgkat; vdþGahar CaeRcIn. »
vdþGaharKWCary³eBlmYyEdleyIgmanEtGaharBiessNamYy b¤k¾bEnøRbePTNamYy edIm,I

TTYlTanb:ueNÑaH. Gs;ry³eBly:agyUr eyIgmin)anjúaMGVIeRkABIés<Rkjaj;eT. és<Rkjaj;
RbLak;dIxSac; és<Rkjaj;KμandIxSac; és<Rkjaj;CamYydMLÚgkin nMdutdMLÚgkinlayés<
Rkjaj;. bnÞab;mkés<exμA rYcés<ekþabmü:agEdljúaMemIm)an emImeslsuIhV‘Í61 Rtsk; eb:ge):aH
RCk;és<ekþabhan; .l.nig.l.
vaminCaerOgKYr[Gs;sMeNIcxøaMgeTenAeBlÉghUbnigniyayEtBIRCk;és<ekþabhan;Caerog
ral;éf¶sRmab;GahareBléf¶nigeBll¶acenaH b:uEnþenAeBlÉgXøanxøaMgKYrsmehIyenaH Égnwg
eFVIGVI²RKb;y:ag. \LÚvenH eTaHy:agNak¾eday eyIgkMBugEtqøgkat;eBlevlad¾sb,aybMput
eRBaHminmanbEnøTal;EtesaH.
61 dMNaMbEnømanpáaBN’sVay manemImragdUckar:utsRmab;cm¥ineFVIbEnø.
muxmðÚbGaharéf¶Rtg;RbcaMs)aþh_rbs;eyIgKWmansENþkesog s‘ubsENþk)araMg dMLÚg

CamYydMuemSAlj; dMLÚgXuehÁl62 ehIyedaymancitþkruNaBIRBHCam©as; eyIgmanés<emImBN’
ébtgb¤k¾kar:utrlYy ehIyeRkaymkk¾vileTArksENþkesogvij. edaysarkarxVHxatnMb½ug
eyIgjúaMdMLÚgenARKb;eBlGahar cab;epþImtaMgBIGahareBlRBwkeTA b:uEnþeRkaymk eyIgeconva
bnþic. edIm,IeFVIs‘ub eyIgeRbIsENþkesog sENþkeNvI63 dMLÚg s‘ubbEnøkBa©b; s‘ubman;kBa©b; nig
s‘ubsENþkkBa©b;. mansENþkesogcUlRKb;Gahar rYmTaMgnMb½ugpg. sRmab;GahareBll¶ac
eyIgEtgEtjúaMdMLÚgCamYyTwkRClk;dUcCaTwkRClk;eFVIBITwkGaMgsac; ehIyGrKuNdl;RBHCam©as;
EdleyIgenAmanbEnøb‘Ít64. ´RtÚvEtR)ab;ÉgGMBIdMuemSAlj;. eyIgeFVIvaedayeRbIemSAEdl
rdæaPi)al[ Twk nigpSitdMEbr. vas¥itnigsVitxøaMgrhUtdl;vamanGarmμN_dUcCamandMufμenAkñúgRkBH
rbs;ÉgG‘Ícwg b:uEnþ GU+¡ l¥eTetI¡.
cMNucl¥KWeyIgmancMNitsac;RkkeføImRbcaMs)aþh_ nigdMNab;enAelInMb½uglabbWrrbs;
eyIg. eTaHy:agNak¾eday eyIgenArs;ranmanCIvitenAeLIy ehIyeBlevlaPaKeRcInk¾enAEtl¥
RbesIrEdr¡.
éf¶BuF TI5 Exemsa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
Gs;ry³eBlyUrmkehIyrhUtmkTl;eBlenH ´mindwgfa ehtuGVI)anCaénAEtxVl;eFVI
kic©karsala. s®gÁamhak;dUcenAeBlyUreTotmunnwgcb;. s®gÁamputrlt;hak;dUcCaminBitesaH
ehIyeRbóbdUcCaerOgeRBgG‘Ícwg. ebIdl;ExkBaØaehIys®gÁamenAEtminTan;cb;eTot ńwgmin
vilRtLb;eTAeroneT eRBaH´mincg;xkBIrqñaMeLIy.
pitF½r cUlmkeBjRKb;eBlevlarbs;´. kñúgKMnitnigkaryl;sbþirbs;´ KμanGVIepSgeRkABI
pitF½r eT rhUtdl;yb;éf¶esAr_eBlévTnaxøaMg. GU+¡ vaKYr[xøacEmn. ´Tb;TwkEPñkenAeBlénA
CamYy pitF½r esIcy:agk¥akk¥ayCamYyRKÜsar v:an; daGan enAeBleyIgpwkTwkRkÚcqμar. ehIy
62 nMdMLÚgeconmü:agrbs;CnCatiCVIhV enAGWr:ubPaKbUB’a.
6 3 sENþkkYrmü:agmanRKab;BN’s.
6 4 CabEnøEdlmanemImBN’Rkhmcas;.
230 Gan;E®hVg
´sb,ayrIkraynigrMePIbcitþ b:uEnþ´dwgfa eBlénAmñak;Ég ńwgyMeLIgehImEPñk. ´GgÁúyenAelI

kRmal\dæenAkñúgsemøókbMBak;eKgyb; cab;epþImeFVIkarbYgsYgy:agxøaMgkøa. bnÞab;mk ´GgÁúy
Rte)amk,alCgÁg;enAelI\dæ dak;k,alelIédehIyERskyM. sMeLgxSwkxSÜld¾lan;B¤ )annaM´[
Føak;nrkCafμI. ´RbwgTb;TwkEPñk eRBaH´mincg;[nrNamñak;EdlenAEk,r²enH)anB¤ýMeT. ´
«
BüayamTajxøÜnćUlKña ehIyniyaymþgehIymþgeTot ´RtÚvEt ´RtÚvEt ´RtÚvEt>>> . eday »
QWsac;dMubNþalmkBIkarGgÁúyEbbcEmøkenH ´k¾Ep¥kxøÜnxñgTl;nwgEKmERK rhUtdl;em:agdb;nig

samsibnaTI eTIbeLIgedkelIERK. vacb;ehIy¡.
\LÚvenHvaBitCacb;Gs;ehIy. TIbMput´dwgfa ´RtÚvEteFVIkic©karsalaEdlRKÚdak;[
edIm,IkMu[xøÜn´l¶g;exøA edIm,I[maneCaKC½yenAkñúgCIvit nigedIm,IkøayxøÜnCaGñkkaEst eRBaHGVITaMg
enaHehIyEdlćg;)an¡ ´dwgfa´GacniBn§)an. erOgrbs;´mYycMnYntUcmansñaédl¥. kar
BiBN’narbs;´GMBIGKarbEnßmKYr[cg;esIcNas;. esovePAkMNt;ehturbs;´PaKeRcInman
lkçN³rs;revIknigekøóvkøa b:uEnþ>>>eyIgRtÚvrg;caMemIlsinfa etI´BitCamaneTBekaslüb¤
y:agNa.
« »
subinrbs; eGv:a KWCaerOgeRBgniTanl¥bMputrbs;´ ehIyerOgd¾cEmøkenaHKWfa´mindwg
« »
bnþicNaesaHfavamkBINa. PaKxøHénerOg CIvitrbs; eXDI k¾l¥Edr b:uEnþsac;erOgTaMgmUl
minmanGVIBiesseT. ´KWCaGñkriHKn;l¥nigtwgEtgbMputcMeBaHxøÜnÉg. ´dwgGVIEdll¥nigGVIEdl
minl¥. drabNaÉgminsresredayxøÜnÉgeT ÉgmindwgfavaGs©arüdl;fñak;NaeT. ´Føab;Et
esakesAcMeBaHkarBitEdlfa´minGacKUrrUb)an b:uEnþ\LÚvenH´sb,ayy:agelIslb;Edl´Gac
niBn§)an. ebI´KμaneTBekaslüsresresovePAb¤k¾GtßbTkaEsteT ´GacsresrsRmab;
xøÜnÉg)an. b:uEnþćg;seRmceRcInCagenH. ´minGacnwkKitfaRtÚvrs;enAdUcCam:ak; elakRsI
v:an; daGan nigRsþIÉeTot² EdlenAvilvl;Etnwgkargarrbs;xøÜn ehIyeRkaymkk¾bMePøcvaecal
enaHeT. ´RtÚvkarlHbg;xøÜnsRmab;GVIepSgeToteRkABIsVamInigkUn¡ ´mincg;rs;enA\tRbeyaCn_dUc
mnusSPaKeRcIneT. ćg;eFVICamnusSmanRbeyaCn_EdlnaMkarsb,ayrIkraydl;mnusSTaMgGs;
eTaHbI´minFøab;)anCYbGñkTaMgenaHkþI. ćg;enArs;teTAeTot eTaHbICaCIvitrbs;´)ansøab;eTAehIy
kþI¡ ehtudUecñHehIy)anCa´dwgKuNdl;RBHCam©as;EdlRBHRbTanmk[ńUvGMeNayEdl´GaceRbI
R)as;edIm,IGPivDÆxøÜnÉg ehIyEføgecjmknUvGVITaMgGs;EdlenAkñúgxøÜn´¡.
enAeBl´sresr ´GacCRmúHecalral;karKitrbs;´. TukçesakseRggrbs;´rlay)at;
ehIysμartIrbs;´rs;revIkeLIgvij¡ b:uEnþ etIńwgGacsresrGVImYyEdlGs©arü)aneT? etIńwg

køayCaGñkkaEstb¤k¾GñkniBn§mñak;)aneT? enaHKWCabBaðad¾FM.
sgÇwmdUecñHcuH. GU+¡ ´sgÇwmdUecñHxøaMgNas; eRBaHkarsresrGac[´kt;RtaGVIRKb;y:ag
KMnitTaMgGs;rbs;´ KtibNÐitrbs;´ nigkþIRsémrbs;´.
« »
´min)ansresrerOg CIvitrbs; eXDI Gs;ry³eBlCayUrehIy. enAkñúgKMnit´
´)anerobcMEpnkarGVIEdlnwgekIteLIgenAeBleRkay b:uEnþsac;erOghak;dUcCaminsUvsuIKña
Nas;NaeT. ´RbEhlCaminbBa©b;eT. enATIbMput vanwgRtÚve)aHecaleTAkñúgFugsMram b¤k¾eTA
«
kñúgL. enaHCaKMnitmYyKYr[xøac b:uEnþeRkaymk ńiyayEtmñak;Égfa enAGayudb;bYnqñaM
ehIymanbTBiesaFn_tictYcdUcenH GñkminGacsresrGMBITsSnviC¢aeT . »
dUecñH eTAmuxeTot edaymanKMnitfμI²eTot vanwgmankarrIkceRmIn eRBaHébþCJacitþsresr

ehIy¡.

XIFI smøaj;/
ÉgsYr´faćab;GarmμN_nigcUlcitþeFVIGVIxøHenAeBlTMenr. ćg;eqøIy b:uEnþ´KYrEtR)ab;Ég
[dwgCamunfa´mancMNUlcitþkmSanþCaeRcInenAeBlTMenr. dUecñHÉgkMuPJak;ep¥IlGINa+.
TImYy³ karsresr b:uEnþ´BitCamincat;TukvaCacMNUlcitþkmSanþeBlTMenreT.
TIBIr³ taragBgSavlI65. émIlRKb;kaEst esovePAnigÉksarEdl´GacEsVgrkEmkFag
RKÜsarrbs;)araMg GaløWm:g; eGs,:aj Gg;eKøs GURTIs rusSúI N½rev:s nigraCvgSanuvgShuløg;.
´)andwgy:ageRcInGMBIraCvgSanuvgSTaMgenaH eRBaH´)ankt;RtaTukGs;ry³eBlCayUrmkehIy
enAeBl´)anGanCIvRbvtþib¤k¾esovePARbvtþisaRsþ.
dUecñH cMNUlcitþTIbIrbs;´KWRbvtþisa®sþ. ):a)anTijesovePACaeRcIn[ĆaeRsc.
ésÞIrEtminGacrg;caMéf¶Edl´GaceTAkan;bNÑal½ysaFarN³ ehIyrkemIlBt’manEdl´
RtÚvkareT.
65 ExSjativgS/ cMbYrvgSRtkUl.
232 Gan;E®hVg
cMNUlcitþTIbYnKWeTvkfaviTüa ¬erOgGaTieTBnigvIrburskñúgburaNkal¦ Rkic nig r:UmuaMg. ´k¾

manesovePACaeRcIneTotsþIBImuxviC¢aenHEdr. ´Gacrab;eQμaHRBHTaMgR)aMbYnEdlCabuRtIrbs;
GaTieTB hSWs nigkarRslaj;TaMgR)aMBIrrbs;GaTieTB hSWs enAkñúgerOgburaNRkic. ´dwgy:ag
c,as;GMBImehsITaMgGs;rbs; Eh‘rKuels .l.nig.l.
cMNUlcitþdéTeTotrbs;´KWtaraPaBynþnigrUbftRKÜsar. ćUlcitþGannigRslaj;
esovePATaMgenaHNas;. ´Rslaj;cUlcitþRbvtþisa®sþénsil,³ BiessenAeBlvaTak;Tgnwg
GñkniBn§ kvI nigviciRtkr. sRmab;BYkt®nþIkr GacCacMNUlcitþrbs;énAeBleRkay. ´s¥b;
Nas;muxviC¢aBiCKNit FrNImaRt nigelxnBVnþ. ćUlcitþmuxviC¢aTaMgGs;rbs;sala b:uEnþ
ćUlcitþCageKKWRbvtþisa®sþ.

XIFI smøaj;/
xYrk,alrbs;´vilk,úgGs;ehIy¡ ´BitCamindwgfaRtÚvcab;epþImBIRtg;NaeTAEmn. kalBI
éf¶RBhs,t× ¬eBlcugeRkayEdl´)ansresreTAÉg¦ GV²I RKb;ya: gKWdcU Fmμta. resoléf¶sRu k
¬éf¶suRkd¾l¥¦ eyIg)anelgEl,gm:UNUb:UlI. resoléf¶esAr_k¾G‘ÍcwgEdr. éf¶TaMgenH)anknøgput
eTAy:agrh½sNas;. enAéf¶esAr_ RbEhlem:agBIr eKcab;epþIm)aj;KñaedayeRbIkaMePøIgynþy:ag
xøaMgkøa. enHebItamburs²niyay. eRkABIenaHGVI²manlkçN³s¶b;s¶at;.
resoléf¶GaTitü pitF½r )anmkCYbénAevlaem:agbYnnigsamsibnaTItamkarGeBa¢Ijrbs;
´. enAevlaem:agR)aMnigdb;R)aMnaTI eyIg)aneLIgeTAbnÞb;sáakenAxagmux ehIyeyIgenATIenaH
rhUtdl;em:agR)aMmYy. mankarRbKMt®nþIm:UhSatd¾BieraHmYytamviTüúBIem:agR)aMmYydl;em:ag
« »
R)aMBIrnigdb;R)aMnaTI. ćUlcitþCaBiess eXøn Nakmusik . ésÞIrEtminGacGt;RTaMsþab;vaenA
kñúgbnÞb;)ay eRBaHsMeLgt®nþId¾BieraHrNþMenH)anGRgÜndl;dYgRBlwgrbs;´. enAl¶acéf¶GaTitü
pitF½r minGacgUtTwk)aneT eRBaHFuggUtTwkrbs;Kat;RtÚveKykcuHeTAbnÞb;)aykariyal½y nig
dak;eBjeTAedayexaGavEdlRtÚve)akKk;. eyIgTaMgBIr)aneTAbnÞb;sáakxagmuxCamYyKña. edIm,I
GacGgÁy ú [)anRsYl ´k¾ykBUkRTnab;EtmYyEdl´GacrkeXIjenAkñgú bnÞbe; TACamYyEdr. eyIg
naMKñaGgÁúyenAelIeksdak;GIv:an;mYy. edaysareksnigBUkTRmab;enACitKñaxøaMg eFVI[eyIgGgÁúy
ekokKñaNas; ehIyEp¥kxøÜnelIeksBIrepSgeTot. mUsQI enACamYyeyIgEdr ehtuenHeyIgmin

EmnKμanGñkcaMemIlEfeT. enAem:agR)aMbYnxVHdb;R)aMnaTI elak v:an; daGan hYcehA nigsYrfaetI
eyIgmanykBUkRTnab;rbs;elak DusEsl eT. eyIgsÞúHegIbeLIgehIycuHeTAeRkamCamYyBUk
TRmab; qμa nigelak v:an; daGan. BUkTRmab;enHKWCaRbPBénkarBi)akcitþTaMgGs;rbs;eyIg.
DusEsl xwg eRBaH´)anykBUkTRmab;EtmYyEdlKat;eFVICaexñIyekIyedk Kat;xøacvamanéc.
Kat;ERskeqaeLaeBjpÞHedaysarEterOgBUkTRmab;mYyenH. Cakarsgswk ńig pitF½r k¾jat;
RcasrwgBIreTAkñúgERKrbs;Kat; b:uEnþeyIgRtÚvykvaecjvijenAeBlelak DusEsl seRmccitþ
KYr[PJak;ep¥Il eTAGgÁúyenAkñúgbnÞb;rbs;Kat;. eyIgBitCa)anesIcsb,ayEmnETncMeBaHqak
kMEbøgelg ¬kñúgcenøaHskmμPaBmYy¦ enH.
b:uEnþkaresIcsb,ayrbs;eyIgmanEtmYyEPøtb:ueNÑaH. enAevlaem:agR)aMbYnnigsamsib
naTI pitF½r eKaHTVarfñm² ehIyesñI):a[eLIgeTACan;xagelI edIm,ICYyKat;EtgRbeyaKGg;eKøsd¾
Bi)akmYy.
«
´)anniyayeTAkan; m:ahÁtú fa sþab;eTAKYr[sgS½yEmn. vaBitCaelsmYyR)akdNas;.
»
ÉgGacR)ab;)antamrebobEdlburs²enaHkMBugniyayKñafa manecarKas;TVarpÞH¡ . karsnñidæan
rbs;´BitCaRtwmRtÚv. XøaMgRtÚv)aneKKas;enAeBlenaHEmn. ):a elak v:an; daGan nig pitF½r
cuHmkeRkamvwgEtmþg. m:ahÁút m:ak; elakRsI v:an; daGan nig´ rg;caM. eyIgTaMgbYnnak;niyay
KñarhUtdl;eyIgB¤sMeLgkÐaMg²enACan;xageRkam. bnÞab;BIenaH GVI²TaMgGs;mansPaBs¶b;s¶at;.
naLikacg¥úlem:agdb;xVHdb;R)aMnaTI. muxeyIgERbBN’. eyIgenAEts¶b;es¶ómeTaHCaeyIgxøackþI.
etIRbús²enAÉNa? sMeLgkÐaMgenaHCasMeLgGVIeTA? etIBYkeKkMBugEtRbyuT§CamYyBYkecarKas;
pÞHb¤? eyIgxøacNas;minh‘anKitGVIeT. GVIEdleyIgGaceFVI)anenAeBlenHKWRtÚvrg;caM.
enAem:agdb;Kt; mansRmibeCIgelICeNþIr. ):acUlmkTaMgmuxesøknigRBÜy)armÖ edayman
«
elak v:an; daGan tamBIeRkay. biTePIøgehIyedIrfñm²eTACan;xagelI ´Kitfanwgmanb:Ulis¡ »
KμaneBlEdleyIgRtÚvRBÜy)armÖeT. eyIg)anbiTePøIg. ´TajGavFMmYy RsI²TaMgGs;

GgÁúycuHenACan;xagelI.
« manerOgGVIekIteLIg? R)ab;eyIg[rh½smk¡ »
KμannrNaR)ab;eyIgeT. Rbús²)ancuHeTAeRkamvijGs;. rhUtdl;em:agdb;nigdb;naTI

eTIbeKTaMgbYnnak;eLIgmkelIvij. BYkeKBIrnak;smøwgemIlbg¥ÜcebIkcMhrbs; pitF½r. TVarcuHeTA
234 Gan;E®hVg
eRkamcak;esaCab; TUesovePAbiTCit. eyIgBak;GavrgaBIelIsemøókbMBak;eKgyb;rbs;eyIg

ehIyeRkaymk Rbús²k¾)anR)ab;eyIgBIGVIEdl)anekIteLIg³
pitF½r kMBugEtenAelIranCeNþIrenAeBlKat;)anB¤sMeLgkÐaMg²BIrdg. Kat;cuHeTAeRkam
eXIjTVarmYybnÞHFM)an)at;ecjBIcMehogxageqVgTVarXøaMg. Kat;Rbjab;Rbjal;eLIgmkelI
« »
RbkasGasnñdl; GñkyampÞH . bursTaMgbYnnak;k¾cuHeTACan;xageRkamvij. eBlEdlBYkeK
cUldl;XøaMg BYkecarehobEtnwgeFVIskmμPaBeTAehIy. edayminKitGVI elak v:an; daGan ERskfa
« »
b:Ulis¡ mansRmibeCIgRbjab;Rbjal;enAxageRkA. BYkecark¾eKcxøÜn. bnÞHTVarRtÚv)an
elIkykmkdak;P¢ab;kEnøgdEdlvij dUecñHb:Ulismincab;GarmμN_emIleXIjRbeLaHTVareT b:uEnþ
karTat;y:agxøaMgBIxageRkAmk )aneFVI[TVarenaHrlMdYleTAelI\dævij. Rbús²PJak;ep¥IlNas;
cMeBaHPaBRBehInenH. pitF½r nig elak v:an; daGan KitfamaneKcg;smøab;BYkKat;. elak v:an;
daGan ykBUefAvayeTAelI\dæ. GVI²TaMgGs;k¾s¶b;s¶at;mþgeTot. TVarEdlrebIkenaHk¾RtÚvelIk
dak;P¢ab;eLIgvij bu:EnþbMNgenHk¾braC½yeTot. enAxageRkA bursmñak;nigRsþImñak;bBa©aMgBilcUl
« »
tamRbehagTVar edayCHBnøWPøWeBjXøaMgTaMgmUl. bursenaH)anniyayrG‘U²fa GVI b:uEnþ\LÚvenH
tYnaTIrbs;BYkeK)anERbBIb:UliseTACaecarKas;pÞHeTAvij. BYkeKTaMgbYnnak;sÞúHvwgeTACan;xag
elI. DusEsl nigelak v:an; daGan k¾TajykesovePArbs; DusEsl. pitF½r ebIkTVarnigbg¥Üc
enAkñúgbnÞb;)aynigkariyal½ypÞal;xøÜn e)aHTUrs½BÞeTAdI ehIyTIbMput BYkeKTaMgbYnnak;k¾enAkñúg
GKarsm¶at;.
cb;PaKmYy
R)akdCabursnig®sþIEdlmankan;Bil)anR)ab;b:Ulis[dwgehIy. vaKWenAyb;éf¶GaTitü.
éf¶GaTitüCaéf¶énkarcab;kMeNItrbs;RBHeys‘URKisþ. éf¶bnÞab;mkKWenAéf¶c½nÞ kariyal½ynwgRtÚv
biTTVar. mann½yfaeyIgnwgminGaceTANamkNa)aneT rhUtdl;RBwkéf¶GgÁar. ÉgKiteTAemIl
eyIgRtÚvGgÁúyenAkñúgPaBP½yxøackñúgry³eBlmYyéf¶BIryb;¡. eyIgmin)anKitGVIeT RKan;Et
GgÁúyenATIenaHkñúgsßanPaBggwtsUnüsug. edaymankarP½yxøac elakRsI v:an; daGan )anbiT
ePøIg. eyIgniyayKñaxSwb². ral;eBlEdleyIgB¤sMeLgRkwk² nrNamñak;nwgbeBa©jsMeLg
« »
s‘Ut²¡ .
em:agdb;nigsamsibnaTI bnÞab;mkk¾dl;em:agdb;mYy. minmanB¤sMeLgGIesaH. ):anig

elak v:an; daGan bþÚrevnKñamkrkBYkeyIgenACan;elI. eRkaymk enAem:agdb;mYynigdb;R)aMnaTI
k¾mansMeLgenAxageRkam. enAxagelI ÉgGacsþab;B¤sMeLgRKÜsarTaMgmUldkdegðIm. KμannrNa
keRmIksac;deuM T. mansRmibeCIgenAkñgú pÞH kariyal½ypÞal;xnÜø bnÞb); ay bnÞab;mk>>>enAkaMCeNþrI .
sñÚrdegðImk¾)at;Qwg. ebHdUgmnusSTaMgR)aMbInak;elatDwb². mansRmibeCIgelIkaMCeNþIr bnÞab;
mkmansMeLgRkwk²enARtg;TUesovePA. eBlevlaenHminKYr[eCOesaH.
« »
ńiyayfa \LÚveyIgnwgsøab;ehIy . ´manTsSn³fa eyIgTaMgdb;R)aMnak;nwgRtÚvBYk
b:Ulissm¶at;GaløWm:g;RkbYcecjeRkAenAyb;enHEtmþg.
sMeLgRkwk²enARtg;TUesovePA)anekItmanBIrdgeTot. bnÞab;mk eyIgB¤sñÚrkMb:ugFøak;
ehIysñÚreCIgfyeTAvij. eyIg)anrYcputBIeRKaHfñak;ehIy¡ eyIgTaMgGs;KñaP½yj½rGs;xøÜn
R)aN. ´B¤sñÚrrNþMfÁamrbs;mnusSeRcInKña. Gt;mannrNaniyayGImYym:at;eT. eyIgsßitkñúg
sPaBEbbenHrhUtdl;em:agdb;mYynigsamsibnaTI.
minmansMeLgGVIeToteTenAkñúgpÞH b:uEnþBnøWmYy)ancaMgPøWenAelITIFøaCeNþIrrbs;eyIgcMBImuxTU
esovePAEtmþg. etIenaHmkBIblU: si KitfaKYr[sgS½y b¤kB¾ kY eKRKan;EtePøcb:eu NÑaH? etIngw man
nrNabkmkeRkayvijehIybiTePøIgenaH? eyIgGacniyay)anvijehIy. ElgmannrNaenA
xagkñúgGKareTotehIy b:uEnþRbEhlCamannrNamñak;QryamenAxageRkA. bnÞab;mk eyIgman
skmμPaBbIy:agKW BüayamTsSn_TayfaetInwgmanGVIekIteLIgbnþeTot j½rxøÜnedaykarP½yxøac
nigcUlbnÞb;Twk. eRBaHFugTwksßitenAkñúgbnÞb;sáak manEtFugsMrameFVIBIEdkrbs; pitF½r b:ueNÑaH
EdleyIgGaceRbI)an. elak v:an; daGan eTAmuneK eRkaymk):a b:uEnþm:ak;xμaseGonNas;. ):ak¾
ykFugenaHeTAbnÞb;xageRkay. enATIenaH m:ahÁút elakRsI v:an; daGan nig´ k¾eRbIR)as;va eday
dwgTukçFur³Kña. TIbMputm:ak;k¾RTaMeRbIvaEdr. eyIgRtÚvkarRkdasGnam½y sMNagNas;Edl´man
RkdasxøHenAkñúgehae):A.
FugsMramenaHFMukøins¥úy. eyIgGs;kmøaMgCaxøaMg eBlenaHCaeBlkNþalyb;.
« »
TeRmtxøÜnelI\dæehIyk¾edkeTA . m:ahÁút nig´ )anTTYlexñIynigPYymñak;mYy. m:ahÁút
edkenACitTUdak;Gahar cMENkérobcMkEnøgedkenACiteCIgtu. køinvaminCas¥úyNas;NaeT
enAeBleKedkenAelI\dæ b:uEnþelakRsI v:an; daGan )aneTAykemSAsab‘Umkeray ehIyRKb
RkNat;CUtcanBIelIFugenaHedIm,Ikat;bnßykøin.
236 Gan;E®hVg
eyIgRtÚvBüayamedk CmñHkarCECkKña karxSwbexSóv køins¥úyepam mnusScUlbnÞb;Twkbnþ

Kña¡ b:uEnþeTaHy:agNakþI luHdl;em:agBIrnigsamsibnaTI´Gs;kmøaMgkan;EtxøaMg ehIyk¾lg;lk;eTA
rhUtdl;em:agbInigsamsibnaTI. ´PJak;eLIgenAeBlelakRsI v:an; daGan dak;k,almkelIeCIg
rbs;´.
« »
´)anniyayfa » RBHeGIy sUmRBHGgÁRbTanGVI[ésøókBak;pgmk¡ . ´RtÚv)aneKhuc
semøókbMBak;[xøH b:uEnþÉgmin)ac;sYrfas¥IeT. exaeCIgEvgeFVIBIRkNat;ELnmYyBIelIexaGav
BIhSam:arbs;´ Gavrgas‘kmYy nigsMBt;BN’exμAmYy eRsameCIgBN’s nigeRsameCIgrwbCgÁg;
EdlrEhkmYyKU.
elakRsI v:an; daGan RtLb;eTAGgÁúyelIekAGIvij elak v:an; daGan epþkk,alrbs;Kat;
mkelIRbGb;eCIg´. cab;BIem:agbInigsamsibnaTIeTA ćab;epþImKitEvgq¶ay. xøÜnénAj½rxøaMgenA
eLIy rhUtdl;elak v:an; daGan minGacedklk;)an. ´kMBugEteRtomxøÜnsRmab;eBlEdlb:Ulis
vilRtLb;mkvij. eyIgnwgR)ab;BYkeKfaeyIgkMBuglak;xøÜn. ebIBYkeKCamnusSl¥ eyIgnwgman
suvtßiPaB ehIyebIBYkeKCaGñkmansmancitþCamYyBYkNahSúI eyIgnwgBüayampþl;sMNUkdl;
BYkeK.
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan niyayfa eyIgKYrEtlak;viTüú¡ .»
«
elak v:an; daGan eqøIyfa R)akdehIy enAkñúgL. RbsinebIeKeXIjBYkeyIg BYkeKk¾
RbEhlCarkviTüúeXIjEdr . »
«
):ak¾eBalbEnßmeTotfa bnÞab;mkBYkeKk¾rkeXIjesovePAkMNt;ehturbs; Gan; Edr . »
« »
enAkñúgRkúmrbs;eyIg GñkEdlP½yxøacCageK)anesñIfa dUecñaHeyIgKYrEtdutvaecaleTA . eBl
manerOgenH nigkarEdlb:UlisbgásMeLgRkwk²enAelITUesovePA KWCaeBlevlaEdl´xøacbMput.
GU+¡ minEmnesovePAkMNt;ehturbs;éT. ebIesovePAkMNt;ehturbs;´)at;eTA ´k¾mindwgenAeFVI
GVIEdr¡ sUmGrKuNdl;RBHCam©as;Edl):amin)anniyayGVIbEnßmeTot.
minmanRbeyaCn_GVInwgniyayrMB£kral;karsnÞnaTaMgGs;enaHeT. eyIgniyayeRcIneBk
ehIy. ´lYgelamelakRsI v:an; daGan EdlxøacxøaMgCageK. eyIgniyayGMBIkareKcxøÜn
karsYrcemøIyedayBYkb:Ulissm¶at;GaløWm:g; TUrs½BÞeTAelak ekøm:g; nig kareFVIcitþ[køahan.
« eyIgRtÚvEteFVIxøÜn[dUcCaTahanNa+elakRsI v:an; daGan. ebIeBlevlaeyIgmkdl;
EmnehIy eBlenaHvak¾sRmab;mhakSRtiyanI matuRbeTs esrIPaB karBit nigyutþiFm’
dUcEdleKEtgniyayR)ab;eyIgtamviTüúG‘Ícwg. erOgGaRkk;EtmYyKt;KWeyIgnwgTajTmøak;Gñk
déTeTot[Føak;TwkCamYyeyIgEdr¡ »
mYyem:ageRkaymk elak v:an; daGan bþÚrkEnøgCamYyRbBn§Kat;mþgeTot. ):a)anmk

GgÁúyEk,r´. burs²Ck;)arImYyedImehIymYyedImeTot. manB¤sñÚrdkdegðImFMmþgmáal. man
nrNamñak;edIreTArkFugEdleyIgeRbIeFVICakenßar ehIyeRkaymk GVI²RKb;y:ag)ancab;epþIm
mþgehIymþgeTot. em:agbYn em:agR)aM em:agR)aMnigsamsibnaTI. éTAGgÁúysþab;CamYy pitF½r
enACitbg¥Üc. eyIgenACitKñabMputrhUtdl;eyIgGacdwgeTAvijeTAmkfaxøÜneyIgj½rdUcKña.
eyIgniyaymYym:at;CaBIrm:at; BImYyeBleTAmYyeBl ehIysþab;y:agykcitþTukdak;.
enAEk,renaH rnaMgexμAk¾rUteLIg. cas;²eFVIbBa¢ImYyGMBIGVI²TaMgGs;EdlnwgR)ab;elak ekøm:g;
tamTUrs½BÞ eRBaHeyIgmanbMNgTUrs½BÞeTArkKat;enAevlaem:agR)aMBIr ehIyesñI[Kat;bBa¢ÚnnrNa
mñak;mkTIenH. BYkeKkMBugeFVIkarRbfuyFMmYy eRBaHb:UlisyamenAÉTVarb¤k¾enAkñúgXøaMgGacB¤BYkeK
TUrs½BÞ b:uEnþk¾mankarRbfuykan;EtFMCagenHeTotEdlfab:UlisnwgvilRtLb;mkvij.
ńwgP¢ab;CamYynUvbBa¢Irbs;BYkKat; b:uEnþedIm,I[c,as;las; ńwgcmøgvamkdak;TIenH.
karKas;TVarcUlpÞH³ b:UlisenAkñúgGKareLIgeTArkTUdak;esovePA b:uEnþmineTANaeTot

eT.ecarKas;pÞHTMngCaRtÚvrMxan )ansRmúkcUltamTVarXøaMgrt;eKctam
sYnc,ar. RckTVarFMRtÚveKxÞas;rnukCab;. elak XuKø½r c,as;Ca)ancakecj
tamTVarTIBIrehIy.
m:asuInGgÁúlIelx nig m:asuInbEnßmRtÚv)andak;y:agl¥kñúgRbGb;exμAenAkñúgkariyal½y
pÞal;xøÜn.
semøókbMBak;rbs; emob nig ebb sßitenAkñúgFuge)akKk;enAbnÞb;)ay.
manEt ebb b¤ XuKr½ø b:eu NÑaH Edlmanesacak;TaV rTIBrI . esaGacRtÚveKvaybMEbk.
BüayamR)ab;[ eCn dwgCamun nigEsVgrkkUnesa nigeTAemIlCMuvijkariyal½y
mYyEPøt ehIyk¾[cMNIqμapgEdr.
GVI²TaMgGs;)anRbRBwtþeTAedayKμanbBaða. elak ekøm:g; RtÚv)anTUrs½BÞeTArk. rnukRtÚv

)andkecjBITVar. m:asuInvayGgÁúlIelxRtÚv)andak;cUleTAkñúgRbGb;vij. bnÞab;mk eyIg
238 Gan;E®hVg
GgÁúyenACMuvijtuCafμImþgeTot ehIyrg;caM eCn b¤k¾b:Ulis.

pitF½r )anedklk; ehIyelak v:an; daGan nig´kMBugedkenAelI\dæ enAeBlBYkeyIg)an
«
B¤sñÚreCIgxøaMg²enABIxageRkam. ´)aneRkakeLIgy:ages¶óms¶at;. vaKWCa eCn¡ »
« »
TaMgGs;KñaeBalfa eT¡ eT¡ enaHKWb:Ulis¡ .
mansMeLgeKaHtuk²enATUesovePArbs;eyIg. emob hYc. sRmab;elakRsI v:an; daGan
EdlP½yhYsehtu k¾Tn;xøÜnenAelIekAGIrbs;Kat; sac;QamKat;sesøkdUcexμac. RbsinebIPaB
tantwgmanry³eBlmYynaTIeTotenaH Kat;BitCasnøb;minxan.
eCn nig emob )ancUlmk ehIyRbTHeXIjTidæPaBKYr[rIkraymYy. tuEtmYyb:ueNÑaH
nwgmantémøRKb;RKan;ehIyedIm,IftTuk³ esovePAkunnigelçanmYyc,ab;)anebIkcMhdl;TMB½rman
ekμgRsIkBM gu Etvar RbLak;bkU: ):akedaydMNab;ngi sarFatusRmab;dak;kgúñ dMNab;EdleyIgTTYlTan
edIm,IRbyuT§RbqaMgnwgkarrakrUs dMNab;BIrRkL nMbu½gmUlknøHedIm mYyPaKbYnénnMb½ugmUlman
RbLak;sarFatusRmab;dak;kñúgdMNab; kBa©k; Rkassitsk; eQIKUs epH )arI fñaMCk; Rbdab;dak;
kMjm)arI esovePA exakñgú mYy BilmYy Rkasrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan RkdasGnam½y.l.
eCn nig emob BitCaRtÚv)ansVaKmn_edaysERmksb,ayrIkraynigTwkEPñk. eCn )andM
EdkeKalP¢ti RbeLaHTVaredaybnÞHeQI ehIyecjeTA)at;CamYy emob mþgeTotedIm,IR)ab;blU: si
GMBIkarEdlecarKas;TVarpÞH. emob )anrkeXIjsMbuRtxøImYyrbs;elak søIháWs enAeRkamTVar
XøaMg. GñkyameBlyb;CaGñkrkeXIjRbehag ehIy)anR)ab;dl;b:Ulis. eCn k¾manKeRmag
CYb søIháWs Edr.
dUecñH eyIgmaneBlknøHem:agedIm,IerobcMpÞHnigxøÜneyIg[)anRtwmRtÚv. ´minFøab;eXIjkar
pøas;bþÚrkñúgry³eBlmYyticCagknøHem:agEbbenHeT. m:ahÁút nig´ erobcMERKenACan;xageRkam
cUlbnÞb;TwkduseFμj lagéd nigsitsk;. bnÞab;mk érobcMkñúgbnÞb;[mansNþab;Fñab;bnþic rYc
eLIgeTACan;xagelI. tuRtÚv)ansm¥atrYcral; eyIgykTwkmkqugkaehVnigEt TwkedaHeKa nig
erobcMtu. ):a nig pitF½r sm¥atkenßaredayeRbITwkekþAnigemSAsab‘U. kenßarFMCageKmanpÞúkkak
sMNl;rbs;mnusSeLIgeBjdl;EKmxagelI ehIyF¶n;Nas;rhUtdl;eFVI[BYkKat;Bi)aknwgelIk.
kan;EtGaRkk;eTAeTotenaH vamanRbehagelc dUecñaHBYkeKk¾ykvadak;kñúgFugmYy.
enAem:agdb;mYy eCn vilRtLb;mkvij ehIymkcUlrYmCamYyeyIgenAnwgtu ehIyeyIg
RKb;Kñak¾FUres,IyeLIgvijbnþicmþg². eCn manerOgdUcxageRkam edIm,IniyayR)ab;eyIg³
elak søIháWs edklk; b:uEnþRbBn§rbs;Kat;)anR)ab; eCn fa sVamIrbs;Kat;)aneXIj

RbehagenATVar eBlEdlKat;eFVIkargarRbcaMéf¶rbs;Kat;. Kat;)anehAb:Ulismñak;mk ehIyKat;
TaMgBIr)anEqkeqrenAkñúgGKar. elak søIháWs kñúgnamCaGñkyameBlyb;)anedIrl,attMbn;enH
Caerogral;yb; edayCiHeTacRkyanrbs;Kat; nigmanEqáBIrk,alrYml,atCamYypg. Priya
rbs;Kat;)anniyayfa Kat;nwgmkenAéf¶GgÁar ehIyR)ab;elak XuKø½r BIGVIEdlenAsl; ¬eFVIminTan;
ehIy¦ eTot. BMuTan;mannrNamñak;enAsñgkardæanb:UlisdwgGMBIkarKas;TVarcUlpÞHenHeT. b:uEnþ
BYkeKeFVIkMNt;ehtuPøam ehIy[dwgCabzmfa enARBwkéf¶GgÁar BYkeKnwgcuHmkemIl.
enAtampøÚvvilRtLb;mkvij eCn )anCYbvak;GWnwgelak v:an; hUvin CaGñkEdlykdMLÚgmk
[BYkeyIg ehIy eCn k¾)anR)ab;Kat;GMBIerOgecarKas;TVarpÞH. elak v:an; hUvin )aneqøIytbmk
«
vijy:ags¶at;es¶ómfa ´dwgehIy. yb;mijenAeBlRbBn§ńig´kMBugEtedIrkat;GKarrbs;Gñk
éXIjRbehagmYyenAnwgTVar. RbBn§ćg;edIreTAmuxeTot b:uEnþ´)anlbemIleTAxagkñúgeday
bBa©aMgBilpg KWenAeBlenaHehIy EdlBYkecarBitCa)anrt;eKceTA)at;. edIm,IsuvtßiPaB´min)an
TUrs½BÞR)ab;b:UliseT. ´Kitfa ´minniyayl¥CagenAkñúgkrNIrbs;Gñk. ´mindwgerOgGVIeT b:uEnþ
»
´mankarsgS½yrbs;´ . eCn GrKuNKat; ehIyk¾bnþdMeNIreTAeTot. elak v:an; hUvin BitCa
sgS½yfa eyIgenATIenH eRBaHKat;EtgnaMdMLÚgmkpþl;enAeBlGaharéf¶Rtg;. burssmrmü¡
vadl;em:agmYyehIyenAeBl eCn cakecjeTA ehIyeyIgk¾lagcanqñaMgrYcEdr. eyIg
TaMgR)aMbnI ak;kn¾ aMKañ cUleKg. enAem:agbIxHV db;R)aMnaTI ´)anPJak;BeI dk ehIyeXIjfaelak DusEsl
ecjeTAeRkA)at;eTAehIy. muxrbs;énAesIgemuIgenAeLIy ´)anCYb pitF½r enAbnÞb;Twkeday
écdnü eBlEdlKat;eTIbEtcuHmkCan;xageRkam. eyIgRBmeRBogNat;CYbKñaenAkariyal½y.
éFVIxøÜn[Rss;bs;bnþic rYck¾cuHeTACan;eRkam.
« »
Kat;srY fa bnÞab;BeI nHeTA etIGkñ h‘aneTAbnÞbs; aá kxagmuxeT? . ´gk;k,al Tajexñy I rbs;
´ EdlmanRkNat;rMupg ehIyeyIgk¾eLIgeTAelICamYyKña. GakasFatul¥Gs©arü ehIyeTaHbICa
suIEr:nRbkas[dwgBIkarvayRbhartampøÚvGakascab;epþImeraT×y:agNakþI k¾eyIgenAEtGgÁúyenA
kEnøgdEdl. pitF½r dak;édKat;KgelIsμa´ ehIy´dak;éd´KgelIsμaKat;. eyIgGgÁúyes¶óms¶at;
EbbenHrhUtdl;em:agbYn enAeBl m:ahÁút mkrkeyIg edIm,IeTAjúaMkaehV.
eyIgjúaMnMb½ug pwkTwkRkÚcqμar nig niyaykMEbøgelg ¬TIbMputeyIgGaceFVIEbbenHmþgeTot¦
ehIyGVI²epSgeTot)anvilRtLb;mkrkPaBFmμtavij. enAl¶acenaH ´GrKuN pitF½r eRBaHKat;
240 Gan;E®hVg
CaGñkkøahanCageKbMputkñúgcMeNamBYkeyIg.
BYkeyIgKμannrNamñak;Føab;enAkñúgsßanPaBeRKaHfñak;EbbenH dUckalBIyb;mijeT.
RBHCam©as;BitCatamEfrkSaeyIg. ÉgKiteTAemIl b:UlisenAmuxTUesovePA ePøIgebIk EtKμan
nrNamñak;rkeXIjkEnøglak;xøÜnrbs;eyIgeTot¡ ´)anniyaytic²enAeBlenaHfa \LÚv «
»
eyIgnwgRtÚveKsmøab;ehIy b:uEnþCafμImþgeTot eyIgRtÚv)aneKCYy[rYcxøÜnedaysuvtßiPaB. enA
eBlkarQøanBancUlmkdl; ehIyRKab;cab;epþImTmøak;BIelIGakas mnusSRKb;KñanwgKitEtBIxøÜn
Égb:ueNÑaH b:uEnþeBlenH eyIgP½yxøacmaneRKaHfñak;dl;RKisþsasnikTaMgGs;EdlsøÚtRtg; nig l¥
ehIyEdl)ankMBugCYyBYkeyIg.
« »
eyIgRtÚv)aneKse®gÁaH sUmbnþse®gÁaHeyIgeTot¡ enHCaBaküTaMgLayEdleyIgGac
niyayecjmk.
]bTÞvehtuenH )annaM[mankarpøas;bþÚrTaMgRsug. RtwmeBlenH DusEsl kMBugeFVIkargar
rbs;Kat;enAkñúgbnÞb;Twk ehIy pitF½r nwgedIreTABinitüBic½ypÞH cenøaHBIem:agR)aMbInigsamsibnaTI
dl;em:agR)aMbYnnigsamsibnaTI. pitF½r minRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[ebIkbg¥ÜceToteT eRBaHmnusSmñak;
rbs;Rkúmh‘nu ekk )ankt;smÁal;favaebIkcMh. eyIgk¾mni GacbgðrÚ TwkbgÁn); aneTotEdr cab;BeI m:ag
R)aMbYnnigsamsibnaTIyb;eTA. elak søIháWs RtÚv)anCYl[eFVICaGñkyameBlyb; ehIyenA
yb;enH CageQImñak;EdlmkBIbnÞb;eRkamdIkMBugEtmkeFVI)ar:as; ¬r)aMg¦ mYyedayykeQItYERK
E®hVghVWtBN’srbs;eyIg. karBiPakSabnþmaneTotenAxageqVgnigxagsþaMGKarbEnßm. elak
XuKø½r )anriHKn;fa BYkeyIgeFVsRbEhs. eCn k¾niyayEdrfa eyIgminKYrenACan;eRkameT. GVI
EdleyIgRtÚveFVIenAeBlenH KWRtÚvdwgfa etIelak søIháWs GacTukcitþ)anb¤Gt; etIEqánwgRBúsb¤
ebIva)anB¤nrNamñak;enAeRkayTVar etIeFVI)ar:as; nigGVI²epSgeToty:agdUcemþc.
eyIgRtÚvrMB£k[caMEmnETncMeBaHkarBitEdlfa eyIgmanExSRsLayCaCnCatiCVIhV Edl
RtÚvdak;Rcvak;[enAmYykEnøg edayKμansiT§iGVITaMgGs; b:uEnþRtÚvmanParkic©rab;Ban;. eyIgRtÚvEt
TukecalGarmμN_rbs;eyIgmYyGenøI. eyIgRtÚvEtkøahan nigxøaMgkøa Gt;RTaMnwgPaBlM)akedaymin
t¥ÚjEt¥r eFVIGVIRKb;y:agtamkmøaMgrbs;xøÜn ehIymanCMenOelIRBHCam©as;. enAéf¶NamYys®gÁam
KYr[xøacenHnwgputrlt;ehIy. eBlevlanwgmkdl; enAeBleyIgkøayCamnusSeLIgvij ehIy
minEmnRKan;EtCaCnCatiCVIhVb:ueNÑaHeT¡.
etInrNabgáerOgenHmkelIBYkeyIg? etInrNaeKbMEbkeyIgBImnusSTaMgGs;epSgeTot?
etInrNaeK[eyIgQWcab;EbbenH? RBHCam©as;KWCaGñk[eyIgEbbenH b:uEnþRBHCam©as;k¾se®gÁaH

eyIgeLIgvijEdr. enAkñúgRkEsEPñkBiPBelak eyIgmanvasnaGaRkk; b:uEnþbnÞab;BIkarQWcab;
TaMgenHebIenAmanesssl;CnCatiCVIhV CnCatiCVIhVnwgRtÚv)anelIkeLIgCa]TahrN_KMrU.
nrNadwgeTA? RbEhlCasasnarbs;eyIgnwgbeRgóndl;BiPBelakTaMgmUl nigmnusS
elakTaMgGs;GMBIGMeBIl¥ ehIyenaHKWCaehtupl CaehtuplEtmYyKt;EdleyIgRtÚvrgkar
QWcab;. eyIgminGacRKan;EtCaCnCatihuløg; b¤Gg;eKøs b¤CnCatiGVIeToteLIy. eyIgenAEt
CaCnCatiCVIhV. eyIgnwgenAEtbnþeFVICaCnCatiCVIhV b:uEnþenAeBlenaHeyIgnwgcg;eFVICaCnCatiCVIhV.
sUmkøahaneLIg¡ sUmcgcaMnUvParkic©rbs;eyIg ehIyGnuvtþvaedayKμant¥ÚjEt¥r. vanwg
manRckecj. RBHCam©as;minEdle)aHbg;eyIgecaleT. CnCatiCVIhV)anTTYlrgkarQWcab;
CaeRcInqñaM b:uEnþqøgkat;ry³eBlenH BYkeKenAEtbnþrs;ehIykarQWcab;CaeRcInstvtSr_enaH
nwgRKan;EtGaceFVI[BYkeKkan;EtxøaMgeLIgb:ueNÑaH. GñkexSaynwgRtÚvdYlrlM GñkxøaMgnwgRtÚvrs;ran
ehIyminRtÚvcaj;eT¡
enAyb;enaH ´BitCa)anKitfa ńwgsøab;. ´rg;caMb:Ulis ehIyéRtomxøÜnCaeRscedIm,I
søab;dcU CaTahanenAelIsmrPUm.i ´rIkraynwgRbKl;CvI ti édIm,IRbeTsCatirbs;´. b:Eu nþ\LÚvenH
´RtÚv)aneKTuk[manCIvit. karbYgsYgrbs;´bnÞab;BIs®gÁam)anputrlt;eTA KWkøayCaBlrdæ
huløg;. ´Rslaj;CnCatihuløg;. ´Rslaj;RbeTsenH. ćUlcitþPasaenH ehIyćg;eFVIkar
enATIenH ehIysUm,IEt´RtÚvsresrfVayRBHmhakSRtpÞal;kþI k¾ńwgmine)aHbg;ecalEdr rhUt
dl;´)anseRmcbMNg´¡
´kan;EtÉkraCüeLIg² BI):am:ak;rbs;´. ekμgdUcCaénHkMBugRbQmmuxnwgCIviteday
esckþIkøahankan;EtxøaMgeLIg ehIymanGarmμN_l¥nigBitsþIBIyutþiFm’eRcInCageTAelIm:ak;. ´dwgfa
ćg;)anGV.I ´maneKalbMNgrbs;´. ´maneyabl; sasnanigkarRslaj;. sUm[´Gackøay
xøÜnCa´BitR)akdcuH ´sb,ayeBjcitþNas;eTAehIy. ´dwgfa xøÜnĆa®sþI Ca®sþImanzamBl
xagkñúgxøÜn ehIyeBareBjedayesckþIkøahan¡.
ebIsinCaRBHCam©as;GnuBaØat[´rs; ńwgseRmceCaKC½yeRcInCagm:ak;eTAeTot. ńwgeFVI
[eKÉg)anB¤sMeLgrbs;´. ńwgcUlRbLÚkeTAkñúgBiPBelak ehIyeFVIkaredIm,ImnusSCati¡.
\LÚv´dwgfa esckþIkøahannigsuPmgÁleyIgRtÚvkarmuneK¡
242 Gan;E®hVg

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
GñkRKb;KñaenATIenHenAmanGarmμN_tantwgenAeLIy. BIm esÞIrEtQandl;cMNucekþABuHeTA
ehIy. elakRsI v:an; daGan kMBugedkelIERKedayekItCMgWpþasay ehIyKat;rG‘UrTaMCab;. elak
v:an; daGan manTwkmuxeLIgesøkedaysarGt;)arICk;. DusEsl EdlRtÚve)aHbg;karRsNuk
RsYlrbs;Kat;CaeRcInkMBugEtrG‘UrTaMKμanQb; cMeBaHmnusSRKb;Kña.l.nig.l. fμI²enHeyIg
hak;dUcCaKμansMNagesaH. bgÁn;elcTwk ehIyk,alr:Ub‘ÍeNsÞHTwk. edaysareyIgmanExS
ry³eRcIn eyIgnwgGac[eKCYsCulvarYcenAeBlqab;²enH.
dUcÉgdwgRsab;ehIy ´manGarmμN_GENþtGNþÚgmþgmáal b:uEnþBImYyeBleTAmYyeBl ´
manehtuplnwgeFVIG‘Ícwg. enAeBl´ nig pitF½r GgÁúyCitKñaenAelIekseQIrwg kñúgcMeNamrbs;
rbreGtcaynigRbLak;FUlIenaH édrbs;eyIgdak;KgsμaKñaeTAvijeTAmk. pitF½r elgsk;rbs;´
enAeBlEdlbkSabkSIenAxageRkAkMBugEtERskeRcógrejóv edImeQIduHecjBnøk RBHGaTitü
beBa©jBnøWKYr[Tak;Tajcitþ ehIyépÞemXmanBN’exovRsgat;. GU+¡ enaHehIyKWCaeBlevlaEdl
´bYgsYgcg;)anEmnETn¡.
GVIEdléXIjenACMuvijxøÜn´ KWmanEtmuxmnusSminsb,aycitþnigmYem:Ab:ueNÑaH. GVITaMgGs;
Edl´B¤enaH KWkardkdegðmI FMngi karrG‘rU TaMKrY [Fujfb;. ÉgnwgKitfaCIvti rbs;eyIgmankarERbRbÜl
mYyrMeBcEtmþg eTArkPaBGaRkk;eLIg². niyayedayesμaHRtg;eTA erOgr:avGaRkk;bNþalmkBI
eyIgCaGñkbegáItvaeT. enATIenHenAkñúgGKarbEnßm KμannrNaxVl;eFVICaKMrUl¥mYyeT. eyIgmñak;²
RtÚvEtnwkKitfa RtÚveFVyI a: gem:c[kan;Etl¥RbesIreLIgenAkñgú GarmμNp_ aÞ l;rbs;eyIg.
«
Caerogral;éf¶ ÉgB¤EtBaküfa sUm[vacb;[Gs;eTA¡ . »
kargar esckþIRslaj; esckþIkøahan nigkþIsgÇwm

eFVI[´l¥RbesIr ehIyCYy´RbQmmuxnwgbBaða¡.
XIFI ´BitCaeCOfa ´ragqáÜtbnþicehIyenAéf¶enH ehIy´mindwgfa mkBImUlehtuGVIeT

karsresrrbs;´RcbUkRcbl;KñaGs;rlIg. élatepøaHBIerOgmYyeTAerOgmYy ehIyeBlxøH´
BitCaq¶l;EmnETnfa etInwgmannrNamñak;cab;GarmμN_cMeBaHerOg\tn½y qáÜt²EbbenHb¤eT.

« »
BYkeKRbEhlCanwgehAvafa karsBa¢wgKitrbs;mnusSrbuilrb:Uc . esovePAkMNt;ehturbs;´
nwgminmanRbeyaCn_eRcIneT sRmab;elak bUlexesþn b¤k¾elak hÁWeRbnDI*.

éf¶esAr_ TI15 Exemsa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
« manerOgGaRkk;mYyehIymYyeTot. etIenAeBlNaeTA eTIberOgTaMgGs;enHElgman
»
eTot? ÉgBitCaGacniyayerOgenaHmþgeTot. cUrÉgTayeTAemIlfa manGVIekIteLIg? pitF½r
ePøcedaHKnøwHTVarxagmux. dUecñH elak XuKø½r nigbuKÁlikXøaMgminGaccUl)aneT. Kat;eTAGKar
rbs; ekk vaybg¥ÜcbnÞb;)aykariyal½yrbs;eyIg ehIyk¾cUltamRckenaHmk. bg¥ÜcenAGKar
bEnßmebIkcMh ehIymnusSenAGKar ekk k¾)aneXIjdUecñaHEdr. etIBYkeKkMBugEtKity:agem:c?
ehIycuHelak v:an; m:aern? elak XuKø½r mankMhwgy:agxøaMg. eyIgecaTRbkan;faKat;min)aneFVIGVI
edIm,ICsY CulTVar[rwgmaMeT ehIyeRkaymkeyIgk¾eFVeI rOgqátÜ ²EbbenH¡ pitF½r Gak;Gn;cti Cþ axøagM .
m:ak;niyayenAnwgtufa Kat;GaNit pitF½r CagGaNitnrNa²TaMgGs; ehIy pitF½r swgEtRsk;Twk
EPñk. eyIgmankMhusesμI²Kña eRBaHeyIgEtgEtsYrKat;Caerogral;éf¶fa etIKat;mandkKnøwHTVareT
ehIyelak v:an; daGan k¾dUecñaHEdr. RbEhlCa´GacnwgeTAlYgelamKat; enAeBlbnÞab;. ´
cg;CYyKat;xøaMgNas;¡.
enHKWCaRBwtþibRtBt’manfμIbMput GMBIkarrs;enAGKarbEnßmsm¶at; kñúgGMLúgeBlBIrbIs)aþh_
cugeRkayenH.
kalBIéf¶esAr_mYys)aþh_knøgeTA bUc )anFøak;xøÜnQWPøam². vaGgÁúyFμwg²EmnETnehIy
cab;epþImehorTwkmat;. emob k¾elIkvaeLIgPøam ehIyrMuxøÜnvanwgkEnSg dak;vaenAkñúgk®nþkeLIg
pSarrbs;Kat; rYcykvaeTAKønI ki Büa)alqμanigEqá. bUc manbBaðaeBaHevon dUecñHRKÚeBTük¾[fñavM a.
pitF½r )an[fñavM aBIrbIdg b:uEnþPøam²enaH bUc k¾ecjeTAq¶ay)at;. ´h‘anPñal;fa vaecjeTAEj:
* elak ehÁIrIt bUlexesþn Cardæm®nþIRksYgGb;rM ehIyelak PItF½r hÁWeRbnDI Canaykrdæm®nþIrdæaPi)al huløg; Edl
rs;enAnireTsxøÜnenATIRkúgLúgd_ . sUmGansMbuRtrbs; Gan; cuHéf¶29 ExmIna qñaM1944.
244 Gan;E®hVg
sgSarrbs;va. b:Eu nþ\LÚvenH RcmuHrbs;va ehIms<lú ehIyenAeBlelIkvaeLIgvayMem:v². va

>>
RbEhlCaBüayamlYcGahareK ehIymannrNamñak;év:vaehIyemIleTA. mUsQI s¥ks¥asMeLg

BIrbIéf¶mkehIy. eBleyIgseRmccitfþ a nwgykvaeTAeBTüstV va)anRKan;ebIeLIgvij.
\LÚveyIgbegðIbbg¥ÜcbnÞb;sáak[cMhbnþicCaerogral;yb;. pitF½r nig ´GgÁúyenATIenaHenA
eBll¶ac.
edaysarsuIm:g;t× ekAs‘U nigfñaMlabmanCatieRbg bgÁn;rbs;eyIgGacCYsCulehIyy:ag
rh½s. k,alr:Ub‘ÍeNTwkEdlxUcenaHRtÚv)anpøas;ecj.
edayP½BVl¥ elak ekøm:g; kMBugEtFUres,IyehIy. Kat;nwgeTACYbRKÚeBTüÉkeTsenAeBl
qab;²enH. eyIgRKan;EtGacsgÇwmfa Kat;nwgmincaM)ac;RtÚvvHkat;eT.
enAExenH eyIgTTYlesovePArbbGaharcMnYnR)aMbIk,al. edaysMNagminl¥ sRmab;
ry³eBlBIrs)aþh_eRkay sENþknwgRtÚvCMnYsedayemSAGav½n66b¤FBaØCatie®hÁatS_67. Gaharcug
eRkayrbs;eyIgKWPixWlIlI68.ebIÉgGt;sMNag GVIEdlÉgTTYl)anenaH KWRkLmYyEdlmaneBj
edayRtsk;nigTwkRClk;mUtak69.
bEnøBi)akrkEmn. manEtsalad salad saladb:ueNÑaH. Gaharrbs;eyIg rYmman
dMLÚgnigTwkRClk;eFVIBITwkGaMgsac;.
BYkrusSúkI an;kab;tbM n;Rkayemo70 CagBak;kNþal. Gg;eKøsminGacruleTAmuxhYsBIkasSúN
I 71U
eLIy. eyIgRtÚvEtBwgBak;eTAelI evesÞIn v:l72. mankarvayqμk;tampøÚvGakasy:agxøaMgkøaCaeRcIn
EdlminKYr[eCO. kEnøgcuHbBa¢IkMeNIt mrNPaB nigGaBah_BiBah_ enATIRkúgLaeG )anrgkarTmøak;
RKab;Ebk. RbCaCnhuløg;TaMgGs;nwgRtÚveKecjb½NÑcuHeQμaHTTYlrbbGaharfμI.
éf¶enHb:uNÑwg)anehIy.
66 emSAEdleFVIBIRsUvsalImü:ageQμaHRsUvGUk.
67 RKab;FBaØCatiEdleKbksMbkrYcCaTUeTAeKykvaeTAbukedIm,IbksMbk CaBiessKWRsUvGUk.
6 8 CaRCk;EdlmanBN’elOgpSMmkBIbEnø eRKÓgeTs nigmUtak.
6 9 TwkRClk;EdlpSMBIrukçCatimUtakCamYynigTwkexμH.
7 0 Ca]bTVIbenAkñúgRbeTsG‘uyERkn.
7 1 CaTIRbCMuCnmYyrbs;RbeTsGIutalI EdlzitenAPaKGaeKñy_énTIRkúgr:Um.
7 2 KWCaTIkEnøgs½kþisiT§imYyrbs;CnCatiCVIhV zitenAkñúgTIRkúgehSrUsaLwm.
éf¶GaTitü TI16 Exemsa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
cUrÉgcgcaMkalbriecäTmSilmijpg eRBaHvaCaéf¶RkhmsRmab;rUb´. etIvaminEmnCaéf¶
sMxan;sRmab;RsþIRKb;rUbeTb¤ enAeBleKTTYlkarefIbCaelIkdMbUgenaH? EmnehIy niyayG‘Ícwg
vaminEmnminsMxan;eTsRmab;rUb´. eBlEdl eRbm efIbf<al;xageqVgrbs;´ nigelak v:UdRsþa
efIbf<al;sþaMénaH ´minrab;cUleT. etI´TTYlkarefIbenHPøam²y:agdUcemþceTA? ńwgR)ab;Ég.
yb;mij enAevlaem:agR)aMbI ´kMBugGgÁúyCamYy pitF½r elIekAGIEvgrbs;Kat; ehIymin
yUrb:unμan Kat;k¾)anykéddak;elI´ ¬edayéf¶enHCaéf¶esAr_ Kat;min)anBak;exaeGomrbs;Kat;
«
eT¦. ´)anniyayfa ehtuGVIk¾eyIgminxitbnþiceTA edayehtuenH ńwgminTgÁick,alnwgTUeT . »
Kat;xiteTAq¶ayrhUtdl;b¤esÞIrEtdl;ekon. ´s‘kédćUlkñúgédKat; rYcekokBIeRkayxñg

Kat; ehIyKat;dak;édelIsμa´ dUecñH´swgEtRtÚvKat;RkesabCab;eTAehIy. eyIg)anGgÁúydUecñH
enA»kasepSgeTot b:Eu nþmni EdlekokKñarebobenH dUckalBIyb;mji eT. Kat;»bý:agENnp¥bw
nwgxøÜnKat;. xøÜnxageqVgrbs;´b:HnwgedImRTÚgKat;. ebHdUgrbs;ćab;epþImelatkan;Etjab; b:uEnþ
nwgjab;CagenHeTot. Kat;minTan;eBjcitþeT drabNak,alrbs;´minTan;epþkeTAelIsμarbs;Kat;
ehIyk,alKat;»nmkenABIelIk,al´. eRkaymkRbEhlR)aMnaTI éLIgGgÁy ú mþgeTot Kat;yk
édmk»bk,al´ ehIydak;k,al´BImxu k,alKat;. GU+ Gs©arüEmnETn¡ ésÞIrEtminGacniyayGVI
ecjeT. esckþIsb,ayrIkrayrbs;´FMeFg\t]bma. Kat;be)asGEg¥lf<al;ńigéd´ rag
qÁg²bnþicehIyelgsk;´. k,alrbs;eyIgb:HKñajwkjab;EmnETnenAeBlenaH.
XIFI ´minGacR)ab;ÉgBIGarmμNE_ dlrt;ssu sBVeBjxønÜ R)aNéT. ´mansuPmgÁlBn;eBk
Nas; rkBakümkEføgminRtÚveLIy ehIy´KitfaKat;k¾dUcÉdr.
enAem:agR)aMbYnnigsamsibnaTI eyIgegIbQreLIg. pitF½r Bak;Es,keCIgvayetnñIsrbs;
Kat; em:øaHehIyKat;minbgá[B¤sMeLgeT enAeBlKat;eFVIdMeNIrCMuvijGKarkñúgeBlyb; ehIy´kMBug
EtQrCitKat;. b:uEnþmuneBleyIgcuHmkeRkam Kat;)anefIb´mYyxSWtelIsk; elIf<al;eqVg nig
Rtecok´Bak;kNþal. ´rt;vwgcuHeTAeRkameday\tgakeRkay ehIyćg;[manéf¶enHxøaMg
Nas;.
RBwkéf¶GaTitümunem:agdb;mYybnþic.
246 Gan;E®hVg
éf¶c½nÞ TI17 Exemsa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
etIÉgKitfa ):anigm:ak;KaMRT[ekμgRsIGayuRs)al´GgÁy ú enAelIekAGIEvgmYyefIbKñaCamYy
ekμgRbúsGayudb;R)aMBIrqñaMknøHEdrb¤eT? ´sgS½yfaBYkKat;KaMRT b:uEnþ´RtÚvEteCOCak;elIkarvay
témøpÞal;xøÜnrbs;énAkñúgerOgenH. vas¶b;s¶at;l¥ nigmansuvtßiPaBNas;EdlsßitenAkñúgrgVg;éd
rbs;Kat; ehIynwkRsemIRsémenaH. vaBitCaKYr[rMePIbjab;jr½ EmnEdldwgfa f<al;Kat;bH: CamYy
f<al;´. vaEsnGs©arüNas;Edldwgfa manmnusSrg;caM´. b:uEnþ ¬krNIb:uEnþenHekItmanEmn¦ etI
pitF½r cg;[vaenAEtG‘Ícwgb¤? ´minePøcBaküsnüarbs;Kat;eT b:uEnþ>>>Kat;CaRbús¡.
´dwgfa ćg;epþImerOgenHenAGayuekμgNas;. minTan;TaMgdl;db;R)aMqñaMpg ´ÉkraCü)at;
eTAehIy. enaHBitCaeFVI[mnusSmñadéTeTotBi)akyl;bnþicehIy. ´dwgR)akdNas;fa m:ahÁút
nwgminefIbRbúsNamñak;eLIy drabNaminTan;mankarniyayKñaBIerOgP¢ab;Bakü b¤erobkar. minfa
´ b¤ pitF½r eT eyIgGt;Tan;manEpnkarEbbenHeLIy. ´k¾R)akdEdrfa m:ak;minEdlb:HbursNa
mñak;eT muneBlEdlKat;)anCYb):a. etImitþPkþiRsI²rbs;´ nig hSak; nwgniyayfaem:ceTA ebI
sinCaeK)andwgfa ´)anTeRmtenAkñúgrgVg;édrbs; pitF½r ehIyebHdUgrbs;énAp¥wbCab;nwgedIm
RTÚgrbs;Kat; ehIymuxnigk,alrbs;Kat;epþkmkelIk,alrbs;´vijenaH.
GU+ Gan; KYr[PJak;ep¥IlGIemø:HeT¡ b:uEnþ ńiyayEmnNa ´Gt;KitfavaKYr[PJak;ep¥IlGIbnþic
esaHeT. eyIgRtÚvbgçagM enATIenH kat;paþ c;TnM ak;TnM gBIBPi Belak rs;enAkñgú kþ)I armÖ nig karP½yxøac
CaBiessenAeBlfμI²enH. ehtuGVIk¾eyIgRtÚvenAedayELkBIKña enAeBleyIgRslaj;KñaeTA
vijeTAmk? ehtuGVI)anCaeyIgminKYrefIbKñaenAeBlenH? ehtuGkIV e¾ yIgRtÚvrg;caM[dl;GayuRtwm
RtÚvsin? ehtuGkIV e¾ yIgRtÚvsMku arGnuBaØatBIGkñ déT?
´)anseRmccitþemIlkarxusRtÚvxøÜnrbs;édaypÞal;. Kat;minEdlmanbMNgeFVI[´
ekItTukçb¤k¾eFVI[´minsb,aycitþeT. kñúgsßanPaBenH ehtuGVI´mineFVInUvGVIEdlebHdUgrbs;´R)ab;´
[eFVInigGVIEdleFVI[eyIgTaMgBIrsb,ayrIkray?
CagenHeTAeTotenaH XIFI eGIy ´manGarmμN_fa ÉgGacdwgGMBIkarsgS½yrbs;´. va
R)akdCakaresμaHRtg;rbs;´ EdlegIbbHe)areLIgRbqaMgPaBlwblTaMgenH? etIÉgKitfa ´man
Parkic©RtÚvR)ab;):aGMBIGVIEdl´kMBugEteFVIb¤? etIÉgKitfa karsm¶at;eyIgKYrEt[GñkTIbIdwgEdr
eT? PaBRss;bMRBgnwgRtÚv)at;bg; b:uEnþetIvanwgeFVI[´manGarmμN_kan;EtRbesIrenAkñúgxøÜnb¤?
ńwgelIkvaykmkniyayCamYyKat;.
GU+¡ ca+s¡ énAmanerOgeRcInNas;Edlćg;niyayCamYyKat; eRBaH´minEmnyl;eXIj
karsMxan;EtenARtg;kar»bfñak;fñmKñaenaHeT. karR)ab;KñaeTAvijeTAmknUvKMnitrbs;eyIg TamTar
[mankarTukcitþKñaxøaMgNas; b:uEnþeyIgTaMgBIrkan;EtxøaMgkøaedaysarEtva.
esckþIbEnßm kalBIRBwkmij eyIgeRkakeLIgenAem:agR)aMmYy eRBaHRKÜsarTaMgmUlrbs;
eyIg)anB¤sMeLgKas;pHÞ . c,as;CamanGñkCitxagrbs;eyIgNamYy køayCaCnrgeRKaHehIy.
enAeBleyIgBinti üemIlenAem:agR)aMBrI TVarTaMgGs;rbs;eyIgbiTy:agCab;enAeLIy. sUmGrKuNdl;
RBHCam©as;¡.
éf¶GgÁar TI18 emsa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
GVI²enATIenHmandMeNIrkareTAy:agl¥RbesIr. yb;mij CageQI)anmkmþgeTotedIm,Idak;
snøwkelah³enAelIbnÞHkþarTVar. ):aeTIbEt)anniyayrYcfa Kat;BitCaKitfanwgmanRbtibtþikar
RTg;RTayFMenARbeTsrusSúI nigGuItalI RBmTaMgenATisbs©im munéf¶20 ]sPa. s®gÁamGUs
bnøaykan;EtyUr eyIgkan;EtBi)akKitfaeyIgnwgRtÚvrMedaHecjBITIkEnøgenHb¤k¾y:agNa.
kalBImSil pitF½r nig´ TIbpM tu )anmkbnþkarsikSaEdleyIgGak;xanGs;ry³eBldb;éf¶
cugeRkayenH. ´)anR)ab;Kat;sBVRKb;GMBIekμgRsI eday´minxøacnwgniyaydl;bBaðapøÚvePTenaH
eLIy. ýl;eXIjfa vaKYr[esIcsb,aybnþicEdr EdlKat;)anKitfaRbehagenAkñúgxøÜn®sþIenaH
minGacykmkbBa©ÚlenAkñúgrUbPaB)an. Kat;minnwksμandl;eLIyfa vaBitCasßitenARbeLaHeCIg
RsþIeT. l¶acenaH )anbBa©b;eTAedaykarefIbKñaeTAvijeTAmkEk,r²mat;. vaCaGarmμN_KYr[
cUlcitþNas;¡.
´GacnwgykesovePAsRmg;BaküEdlćUlcitþCageKeLIgeTACan;elICamYy´ enAeBl
NamYy dUecñH pitF½r nig´ GacBiPakSabBaðakan;EtsuICeRmAEfmeTot. ´KitfasßitenAkñúgrgVg;éd
Kña mYyéf¶kat;mYyéf¶ekardUecñH minKYr[eBjcitþNas;NaeT ehIy´sgÇwmfa Kat;manGarmμN_
dUecñHEdr.
bnÞab;BIrdUvrga niTaXrdUvd¾Rss;bMRBgk¾cUlmkdl;. ExemsaKWGs©arüNas; vaminekþAxøaMg
248 Gan;E®hVg
ehIyk¾minRtCak;xøaMg ehIymanePøógFøak;Rsic²mþgmáal. edImeqsþNat; rbs;eyIgmanecj

søwkehIyenARtg;enHmþMúRtg;enaHmþúM ÉgGacemIleXIjBnøkpáa.
éf¶esAr_ ebb )anpþl;[eyIgnUvpáabYn)ac;. páabI)ac;KWCapáadahVÚDIl73 ehIymYy)ac;eTotKW
páae®hÁb hayGWsuInS74 sRmab;rUb´. elak XuKø½r ykkaEstmk[eyIgGaneRcIneLIg².
´dl;em:ageronBiCKNitehIy XIFI. sUmla.
éf¶BuF TI19 Exemsa qñaM1944

mitþsmøaj;/
¬enHKWCacMNgeCIgExSPaBynþmYy edayman dUrIt Rkisø½r GuIda vUsþ nig haral PUlsin
edIrtY¡¦.
etImanGVIl¥CagGgÁúyenAmuxbg¥ÜcebIkcMh TTYlykkarrIkrayBIFmμCati sþab;bkSabkSI
ERskeRcóg TTYlkemþARBHGaTitüenAelIf<al;TaMgeTVrbs;eyIg ehIy»bRbúsCaTIRslaj;enAkñúg
rgVg;édrbs;eyIgenaH? ´manGarmμN_Esns¶b;s¶at;nigsuvtßiPaBkñúgrgVg;édrbs;Kat; ehIydwgfa
Kat;bRmúgEtnwgniyay b:uEnþminGacniyayecjmk. etIerOgTaMgenHGaRkk;emþcekIteTA ebIvaeFVI
[´manGarmμN_ekSmkSanþdl;møwgenaH? GU+¡ sUm[eyIgminmankarrMxaneTot sUm,IEtrMxan
edaysar mUsQI k¾edaycuH.

XIFI smøaj;/
kalBImSilmij énAeKgelIERK edaysar´QWk b:uEnþedayerOgenHeFVI[´Fujfb;taMgBI
resoldMbUg ehIyeday´minekþAxøÜnenaH éRkakBIERKehIyéf¶enH. CMgWQWkrbs;´swgEt)at;eTA
ehIy.
73 páaBN’elOg duHecjBIedIm mansøwkEvg²RbeRCótKña rIkenAedImniTaXrdUv.

74 páamanragCacegáamtUc²dUcTMBaMg)ayCUr CaTUeTAvamanBN’sVay.
éf¶mSil dUcÉgdwgRsab;ehIy KWCaéf¶xYbkMeNItKRmb;hasibR)aMqñaMrbs;GñkdwknaM. éf¶enH

KWCaTivaceRmInRBHCnμKRmb;db;R)aMbIRBHvsSarbs;m©as;kSRtI eGlIhSaEbt y:k.
viTüúb‘Íb‘ÍsuI )anraykarN_fa m©as;kSRtIminTan;manbnÞÚlRbkasBIRBHCnμayuenAeLIyeT
eTaHbICabuRtabuRtIdéTeTotmanTmøab;eFVIrYcmkehIyk¾eday. eyIgkMBugEtq¶l;fa etIRBHGgÁm©as;
mYyNaEdlRBHnagTaMgenaHnwgerobGPieskCamYy edIm,IfVaysRms;CUn. b:uEnþeyIgminGac
KiteXIjebkçCnsmrmüNamñak;eLIy. RbEhlCaRBHGnuCrbs;m©as;kSRtI RBHnam RBHnag
m:aháaert r:Us GacerobGPieskCamYyRBHGgÁm©as;rC¢TayaT bUdüÚGuIn énRbeTsEblhSik¡.
enATIenH eyIgqøgkat;mhnþraymYyehIymYyeTot. minyUrb:unμan bnÞab;BIeyIg)aneFVITVar
xageRkA[maMTaMrYcehIy v:an; m:aern k¾)anbgðajxøÜnmþgeTot. tamPaBsmTMngbMputenaH Kat;KWCa
mnusSEdl)anlYcemSAdMLÚg ehIy\LÚvKat;cg;Tmøak;kMhuseTAelI ebb. minmanGVIKYr[PJak;ep¥Il
eT GKarbEnßm k¾pÞúHCemøaHCafμImþgeTot. ebb minGacTb;kMhwg)aneLIy. enATIbMputelak XuKø½r
RbEhlCa[eKtamdanemIlnisS½yminesμaHRtg;enHehIy.
GñkvaytémømkBI b‘ÍfUvin®sþaGat sßitenATIenHkalBIRBwkmij. Kat;)an[éføhibeyIgtémø
400hÁIldW. tameyabl;rbs;eyIgGñkepSgeTot[éføTabNas;.
« »
´manbMNgesñITsSnavdþI dw RBInS faetIBYkeKGaccuHpSayGtßbTerOgeRBgniTanrbs;´
)aneT. BitehIy edayeRbIeQμaHEkøgkøayb:ueNÑaH. b:uEnþrhUtmkTl;eBlenH erOgeRBgniTan
rbs;´vaEvgRCúleBk dUecñH´Kitfa ´minman»kaseRcIneT.
caMCYbKñaeBleRkayeTotNa+smøaj;.

XIFI smøaj;/
sRmab;ry³eBldb;éf¶knøgmkenH DusEsl min)anniyayrkelak v:an; daGan eT
ehIyerOgenHekIteLIgedaysarEtmanviFankarsnþisuxfμI cab;taMgBIeBlmanecarKas;TVarpÞHmk.
kñgú cMeNamviFankarTaMgenaH KWfaKat;mni RtÚveKGnuBaØat[cuHeRkameToteLIy enAeBll¶ac. pitF½r
nig elak v:an; daGan eFVIkargarcugeRkayrbs;Kat; enAeBlyb;em:agR)aMbYnnigsamsibnaTI
ehIybnÞab;BeI naHKμannrNacuHeRkameLIy. eyIgminGacbgðrÚ TwkbgÁn); aneToteT bnÞab;BeI m:agR)aMbI
250 Gan;E®hVg
yb; b¤k¾bnÞab;BIem:agR)aMbIRBwk. enAeBlRBwkbg¥ÜcGacebIk)anEtenAeBlEdlBnøWcUlmkkñúg

kariyal½yrbs;elak XuKø½r b:eu NÑaH ehIyvaElgRtÚveKykeQImkTl;ebIkenAeBlyb;eTot
ehIy. viFankarcugeRkayenHKWCaehtuplEdlnaM[elak DusEsl Elgmat;k. Kat;Rbkas
Ekþg²fa elak v:an; daGan )aneCrKat;xøaMgNas; b:uEnþ elak v:an; daGan benÞasKat;. Kat;
niyayfa Kat;rs;enAKμanGahar RbesIrCagKμanxül;dkdegðmI ehIyfaBYkeKRKan;EtrkmeFüa)ay
edIm,IeFVIem:c[bg¥ÜcGaccMh)anb:ueNÑaH.
«
Kat;niyaymkrk´fa ńwgniyayR)ab;elak XuKø½r GMBIerOgenH . »
´)aneqøIyfa eyIgminEdlBiPakSaerOgEbbenHCamYyelak XuKø½r eT eyIgniyayEtenA

kñúgRkúmeyIgb:ueNÑaH.
« GVI²TaMgGs;EtgEtekIteLIgBIeRkayxñg´. ´RtÚvEtelIkerOgenHeTAniyayCamYy):a
rbs;Ég . »
Kat;km¾ ni RtÚv)aneKGnuBaØat[GgÁy
ú enAkñgú kariyal½yrbs;elak XuKr½ø eTotEdrenAresol
éf¶esAr_ nigéf¶GaTitü eRBaHGñkRKb;RKgenAGKar ekk GacB¤sMeLgKat; ebIsinCaKat;enaHmkenA
Citedayécdnü. DusEsl minbEg¥bg¥g;eLIy ehIy)aneTAGgÁúyTIenaH. elak v:an; daGan ekþA
citþNas; ehIy):a)ancuHmkeRkamedIm,IniyayCamYy DusEsl EdlelIkeLIgnUvelsminKYr[
eCO b:Eu nþenAeBlenH ):amin)anTn;cti eþ COeT. \LÚv):abnþedaHRsayCamYy DusEsl [)an
Gb,brma eRBaH DusEsl )aneCrRbmafKat;. eyIgKμannrNamñak;dwgfa Kat;niyayGVIeT b:uEnþ
vac,as;CaBaküKYr[xøacxøaMgehIy.
ehIyenAs)aþhe_ Rkay KWCaéf¶xbY kMeNItrbs;bru sTabefakenH. etIeKGacR)arB§xbY kMeNIt
enaHdUcemþceTA enAeBlminmanGñkniyayrk ehIyetIeKGacTTYlGMeNayy:agdUcemþcEdrBI
mnusSEdleKminTaMgniyayrkpgenaH?
elak v:UsÁÚ mansuxPaBRTúDeRTamrh½sNas;. Gs;ry³eBlCagdb;éf¶ehIy EdlxøÜnKat;
mankemþAxøÜnCitEssibdWeRk. RKÚeBTü)anniyayfa Kat;sßitenAkñúgsßanPaBKYr[Gs;sgÇwm
Nas;. eKKitfa CMgWmharIk)anraldaldl;sYteTAehIy. bursd¾kmSt;eGIy eyIgBitCacg;
CYyKat;xøaMgNas; b:uEnþmanEtRBHCam©as;eTGacCYyKat;)anenAeBlenH¡.
« »
´)anniBn§erOgEdlKYr[rIkraymYy ehAfa bø½rrI Gñkrukrk CakareBjniymxøaMgCageK
CamYynwgGñksþab;rbs;´TaMgbInak;.
énAEtmanCMgWpþasayF¶n;F¶r ehIy)ancmøgvaeTA m:ahÁút RBmTaMg):anigm:ak;eTot. sUmkMu

[ pitF½r qøgCMgWenHGI. Kat;TTUcefIb´ ehIyKat;TukĆa EGl dUradU rbs;Kat;. GñkminGacehA
mnusSmñak;y:agenaHeT Rbúsl¶g;eGIy¡ b:uEnþeTaHy:agNakþI Kat;KYr[Rslaj;Emn¡.

XIFI smøaj;/
elakRsI v:an; daGan manGarmμN_minl¥eTenARBwkenH. Kat;KitEtBIrG‘UrhUt dMbUgGMBICMgW
pþasayrbs;Kat; karminGacmanfñaMk¥kBüa)al nigkarQWcab;EdlRtÚvejIssMe)arRKb;eBl.
bnÞab;mk Kat;rG‘Ufa RBHGaTitüminbeBa©jrsμI karlukluycUlmkminTan;cab;epþIm eyIgminRtÚv)an
eKGnuBaØat[emIleTAeRkAbg¥Üc.l.nig.l. eyIgminGacCYyGVIKat;ekIt eRkABIesIccMGk[
Kat;eLIy ehIyvaminmanGVIGaRkk;eT eRBaHPøam²enaH Kat;k¾rYmesIcEdr.
kareFVIGaharXuehÁlBIdMLÚgrbs;eyIgRtÚv)anEkERbedaysarxVHxÞwm)araMg³
dak;dMLÚgcitsMbkrYc cUlkñúgm:asuInkinGahar ehIybEnßmGMbilnigemSAsÜ¶t
Edlpþl;[edayrdæaPi)al. labBum<nM b¤ cancm¥inGaharkñúgLedayeRbIeRbg
):ar:ahVIn7 5 b¤k¾sÞIrIn76 ehIydutnMry³2½em:ag. júaMvaCamYydMNab;®sþÚbWrIEdlrlYy.
¬xÞmw )araMgrkmin)aneT. eRbgsRmab;labBumn< M b¤ emSAnMxab;²enaHk¾mni manEdr¡¦.
«
b:un~anéf¶enH ´kMBugGanesovePAEdlmancMNgeCIgfa RBHecAGFiraC qals_ V Edl »
sresredaysaRsþacarüenAsaklviTüal½y háútTIgehSn. Kat;cMNayeBlEssibqñaM edIm,I

sresresovePAenH. ćMNayeBlR)aMéf¶ edIm,IGanesovePAenH)anhasibTMB½r. ´minGac
Gan)aneRcInCagenHeT. edaysaresovePAenaHmandl;eTA 598TMB½r ÉgGacKiteXIjfa etI
RtÚvcMNayeBlyUrb:uNÑaedIm,IGanesovePAenH. ehIyenaHminTan;Kitdl;k,alTIBIrénesovePA
enaHpg. b:uEnþ>>>KYr[cab;GarmμN_Emn¡.
75 Cal,ayGIuRdÚkabUnrwg dUcRkmYn EdlmanBN’sb¤K~anBN’. ):ar:ahVIn eRbIsRmab;eFIVeTon eRbgdak;rfynþ nigeFIVCa
Bum<Rta.
7 6 smasFatuKImIEdlKμankøin KμanBN’ KμanrsCati eRbIsRmab;eFIVCasab‘UdusxøÚn ni g eFI V C aeTon.
252 Gan;E®hVg
erOgEdlekμgRsIsalamñak;RtÚveFVIenAkñúgeBlmYyéf¶¡ ]TahrN_dUcCarUbĆaedIm. dMbUg´

« »
bkERbGtßbTdkRsg;sþIBI s®gÁamcugeRkayrbs; ENlsun BIPasahuløg;eTAPasaGg;eKøs.
«
bnÞab;mk ´GanbEnßmeTotGMBI s®gÁamenAPaKxageCIg ¬qñaM1700-21¦ EdlmanTak;Tgdl;
pitF½r dw e®hát/ qals_ XII, GUhÁÚsþWs dw ®sþg/ esþnIsøWs eLkhSúIgsÁI/ emehSb):a/ vun hÁÚrS/
eRbndinbWk/ evesÞIn b:UmWraeno/ GuIsþWn b:UmWraeno nigRbeTsdaNWm:ak rYmpSMnwgkalbriecäTepSg²Ca
TUeTAeTot. bnÞab;mk ´k¾Gandl;RbeTseRbsulI Edl´)anGanerOgr:avepSg²sþBI fI añ CM k;enA)ahuy I a:
77 78
PaBsm,ÚrkaehVy:aghUrehor mnusSmYylannak;knøHenATIRkúgrIy:U dW hSaeNr:U / eBINaMb‘uykU nig
sav b:ULÚ79 ehIycugeRkaybg¥s; b:uEnþsMxan;EdrenaHKW TenøGam:ahSÚn. bnÞab;mkeTot GMBICnCati
Es,kexμA kUnkat;CnCatiEs,kexμA nig Es,ks kUnkat;GWr:ubnigGaemrikaMgEs,kRkhm CnCati
Es,ks GMBIGñkminecHGkSrmanGRtaCaghasibPaKry nigGMBICMgWRKúncaj;. edaysar´man
eBlenAsl;xøH ´k¾emIltaragBgSavlI³ cn Di GUl/ vIelom lUGuIs/ GWeNsþ kasuIemor I, hinrI
kasuIemor I rhUtdl; m:ae®hÁót E®hVgsuIsáa EdlenAtUcenAeLIy ¬RbsURtenAqñaM1943
enAGUtav:a80¦.
em:agdb;BIr³ ´bnþkarsikSarbs;énAbnÞb;sáak eday)anGanGMBIRBwT§burs bBVCit rdæm®nþI
semþcsgÇ):ab nig>>>. GU+¡ em:agmYy)at;eTAehIy¡.
enAevlaem:agBIr ekμgkmSt; ¬CaTmøab;kmSt;GcÍ‘ gw eTAehIy¦ )ancab;epþmI eFVkI ci k© arCafμ.I KW
karedIrRkLwgCMvu ji hVgÚ sVaEdlmanRcmuHFM nig RcmuHtUc. XIFI Égqab;R)ab;éTAemIlfa etIstV
dMrITwkmanRmameCIgb:unμan?
bnÞab;mkGandl;RBHKm<Ir navase®gÁaHrbs; NUs esm han nig yaehVsS. bnÞab;BIenaH
qals_ V. bnÞab;mkeTot GanesovePArbs; EsxWer GMBvI resnIyÉ_ k CaPasaGg;eKøsCamYy
pitF½r. karRbLgPasa)araMg nig bnÞab;mkkareRbóbeFobrvag mIsSIúsuIBI nig mIsSÚrI¡.
lμmRKb;RKan;ehIysRmab;éf¶enH. laehIy¡
77 TIRkúgFMCageKTIBIrrbs;RbeTseRbsuIl.
7 8 CaeQμaHRkúgmYyrbs;RbeTseRblsuIl.
7 9 RkúgmYyenARbeTseRbsuIl kñúgPUmiPaKGaeKñy_énRbeTsenAxaglicRkúgrIy:U dW hSaeNr:U.
8 0 rdæFanIénRbeTskaNada enAPaKGaeKñy_énextþGg;ETrIGU.

XIFI smøaj;/
´minEdleePøcsubinrbs;´GMBI pitF½r sÁIhV eT ¬sUmGanenAsMbuRtedImExmkra¦. sUm,IEt
dl;eBlenHehIykþI énAEtmanGarmμN_faf<al;Kat;mkb:Hf<al;´ nigPaBkk;ekþAKYrCaTIeBjcitþd¾
Gs©arüEdlmaneBlbnÞab;enaH. yUr²mþg ´manGarmμN_dUcKñaenHCamYy pitF½r b:uEnþminEdl
xøaMgkøadUecñHeT>>>rhUtdl;yb;mijEdleyIgkMBugEtGgÁúyenAelIekAGIEvgdUcFmμta nigenAkñúgrgVg;
éd»bKñaeTAvijeTAmk. rMeBcenaH Gan; dUcsBVmYydg k¾rlay)at;ehIy Gan; TIBIrk¾cUlmkCMnYs
vij. Gan; TIBIrBMuEmnCamnusSEdlsEmþgTwkcitþedayelatkeBaägnigEdleFVI[sb,ayeT b:uEnþ
CaGñkEdlRtÚvkarkarRslaj;nigPaBTn;Pøn;b:ueNÑaH.
´GgÁúyepþkxøÜnelIKat; ehIymanGarmμN_famanPaBrMePIbcUlmkxøÜn´. TwkEPñk)ancab;epþIm
sRmúkecjmkdk;kñúgEkvEPñk´. TwkEPñkEdlhUrecjBIEPñkeqVgrbs;´ )anRsk;elIGaveGom
rbs;Kat; xN³TwkEPñkEdlhUrecjBIEkvEPñkxagsþaMrbs;´)anRsk;tamRcmuH´ rYcFøak;eTAelIdI
Ek,rtMNk;TwkEPñkmun². etIKat;mancab;GarmμN_eT? etIKat;manGarmμN_dUcCaéT? Kat;esÞIrEt
KμanniyaymYym:at;esaH. etIKat;mandwgfa Kat;man Gan; BIrrUbenAEk,rKat;eT? sMNYrrbs;´
enAEtminTan;mancemøIy.
enAevlaem:agR)aMbnI gi samsibnaTI éRkakQreLIg rYcedIreTAbg¥cÜ CakEnøgEdleyIgEtgEt
laKña. énAEtj½rxøÜnenAeLIy. énAEtCa Gan; TIBIr. Kat;edIrsMedAmkrk´ ehIyé)aHédeTA
»bkKat; ehIyefIbf<al;xageqVgrbs;Kat;. ´viHEtnwgefIbf<al;sþaMKat;eToteTAehIyenAeBl
Edlmat;´)anb:HCamYymat;rbs;Kat; ehIyeyIgk¾efIbCBa¢k;mat;Kña. edayvegVgGs;sμartI
eyIg»bRkesabKñay:agjak;j½resÞIrsBVsac;minRBmQb;eLIy. GU+¡.
pitF½r RtÚvkarPaBfñak;fñm. CaelIkdMbUgenAkñúgCIvitrbs;Kat; Kat;)andwgBIRsImñak;.
CaelIkdMbUgehIyEdlKat;dwgfa ekμgRsI²EdlcUlcitþCnøCenøjbMputenaH k¾manebHdUgnigPaBrs;
revIkxagkñúgEdr ehIyfaBYknagTaMgenaH)anpøas;bþÚr enAeBlBYknagenAEtÉgCamYyGñk.
CaelIkdMbUgehIyEdl pitF½r pþl;rUbKat;nigmitþPaBCUndl;mnusSepSg. Kat;minEdlmanmitþPkþi
BImunmkeT minfaRsIb¤RbúseLIy. \LÚveyIg)anrkeXIjKñaeTAvijeTAmkehIy. cMeBaHerOgenH
´k¾min)andwgBIKat;Edr. ´minmannrNamñak;Edl´GacmanCMenOeCOCak;eT ehIyvak¾naM[man
erOgdUecñHekIteLIg>>>.
254 Gan;E®hVg
«
sMNYrdEdl²enH ecHEteFVI[´xVl;xVay\tQb;. sMNYrenaHKWfa etIvaRtwmRtÚveT? . »
etIRtwmRtÚvb¤eT Edl´qab;cuHcaj;dl;fñak;enHenaH mantNðaxøaMg edaytNðanigkareRtkRtGal

TaMgenHmkeqHeralCaxøaMgenAkñúgxøÜndUcCa pitF½r Edr? kñúgnamCaekμgRsImYyrUb etI´GacbeNþay
xøÜn[RCúlRCÜsdl;fñak;enH)aneT?
cemøy «
I manEtmYyKt;EdlGacelcecjeLIg. ´R)afñacg;)anEbbenHxøagM Nas;>>>eyIg´
manbMNgEbbenHyUrmkehIy. ´ÉekaNas; ehIy\LÚvenH ´)anrkeXIjkarlYgelam
ehIy¡ »
enAeBlRBwk eyIgeFVIdUcFmμta ehIyenAeBlresolk¾G‘ÍcwgEdr elIkElgEteBlenH nig

eBlbnÞab;eTot. b:uEnþenAeBll¶ac cMNg;EdlBUnpþMúkñúgeBléf¶ suPmgÁlnigkarsb,ay\t]bma
RKb;EteBlkalBImun² )anmaneRbóbelIeyIg ehIyeyIgKμanKitGVIeRkABI»bKñaeTAvijeTAmk
eLIy. Caerogral;yb; bnÞab;BIeyIgefIbKñaCaelIkcugeRkayehIy ´manGarmμN_cg;rt;eTAq¶ay
ehIymingakemIlKat;eT. éTA[q¶ayeTAkñúgPaBGn§kal ehIyenAEtmñak;ÉgKt;¡.
ehIyetImanGVIrg;caM´ enAeBlEdlćuHCeNþIrdb;bYnkaMenaH? BnøWePøIgPøWciBa©ac sMNYr nig
sMeNIc. ´RtÚvEteFVIdUcFmμta ehIysgÇwmfa BYkeKmincab;GarmμN_GVIeT.
ebHdUgrbs;énATn;RCayxøaMgenAeLIy ehIyminGacFUres,Iyqab;rh½sBIkarrn§t;Edl´
mankalBIyb;mji eT. Gan; d¾Tn;Pnø b; gðajrUbminjwkjab;eT ehIynagTMngCaminbRmúgnwgbeNþay
xøÜn[eKrujecjeRkATVary:agqab;rh½sbMput bnÞab;BI)ancUldl;eT. pitF½r )anb:HBal;xøÜn´mYy
EpñkehIy ehIyknøgmkKμannrNaGaceFVIdUcKat;eT elIkElgEtenAkñúgyl;sbþi¡ Kat;ykédmk
Rkesab´ ehIyeFVI[´vegVgsμartIGs;rlIg. etImnusSRKb;KñaminRtÚvkareBlevlas¶b;s¶at;bnþic
edIm,IeFVI[xøÜnvilmkrkPaBedImvijeTb¤y:agNa? GU+ pitF½r etIGñk)aneFVIGVIcMeBaH´? etIGñkRtÚv
karGVIBI´?
etIerOgenHnwgeTAdl;TN I a? GU¡+ \LÚvenH ýl;cti þ ebb ehIy. \LÚvenH ´)anqøgkat;va
edayxøÜn´pÞal;ehIy. ýl;BIkarsgS½yrbs;Kat;. ebIsinCaćas;CagenH ehIyKat;cg;
erobkarCamYy´ etIńwgeqøIyfaem:c? Gan; cUrÉgesμaHRtg;eLIg¡ GñknwgminGacerobkarCamYy
Kat;)aneT. b:uEnþ vaBi)akNas;nwgbeNþayxøÜnEbbenaH. pitF½r enAmanlkçN³KYr[cab;GarmμN_
kmøagM citþ esckþkI aø hannigkmøagM kaytictYceBkNas;. Kat;CakUnekμgenAeLIy ehIyEpñkGarmμN_
k¾mni manGVcI as;TCuM agÉdr. GVEI dlKat;RtÚvkarenaH KWsPu mgÁlnigkars¶bs; a¶ t;enAkñgú pøvÚ GarmμN._
etI´BitCaRKan;EtCaekμgGayudb;bnY qñabM ?¤ etI´BitCaRKan;EtCaekμgRsIlg¶ e; xøAmñak;b?¤ etI´BitCamin

manbTBiesaFn_GRIV Kb;ya: gb¤? ´manbTBiesaFn_eRcInCagekμgRsIPaKeRcInbMptu . ´manbTBiesaFn_
cMeBaHGVImYy EdlesÞIrEtKμanekμgRsIRskrŃamñak;maneLIy.
´xøacxøÜnÉg ´xøackarR)afñacg;)anrbs;éFVI[ćuHcaj;qab;rh½seBk. etIvanwgeTACa
y:agem:cCamYyekμgRbúsdéTeTot enAeBleRkaymkeTot? GU+¡ vaBi)akEmn karts‘UGmt³rvag
ebHdUgnigvicarNBaØaN. maneBlevlanigTIkEnøgsRmab;vaTaMgBIr b:uEnþetI´R)akdkñúgcitþfa
´)aneRCIserIseBlevlaRtwmRtÚvy:agdUcemþc?

XIFI smøaj;/
yb;éf¶esAr_ ´)ansYr pitF½r faetI´KYrEtR)ab;):aGMBIerOgeyIgb¤y:agNa. bnÞab;BIeyIg
)anBiPakSabBaðaenHehIy Kat;)anniyayfa ´KYrEtR)ab;)a: . ´sb,aycit.þ vabgðajfa Kat;Ca
mnusSmanKMnitsmehtusmpl nigecHKitKUr. enAeBlćuHeTAeRkamPøam ´)aneTArkTwkjúaM
«
CamYy):a. enAeBlEdleyIgenAelIkaMCeNþIr ´)anniyayfa ):a ):a RbEhlCadwgehIyfa
enAeBl pitF½r nigénACamYyKña eyIgminGgÁúyenAkEnøgTl;muxKñaeT. etI):aKitfa eFVIG‘ÍcwgxusqÁg
»
eT? .
«
):aQb;mYysnÞúHmuneBleqøIyfa eT ):aminKitfa vaxusqÁgGVIeT. b:uEnþ Gan; enAeBlÉgenA
»
CitKña dUceyIgeBlenH kUnÉgRtÚvRby½tñxøÜnbnþic . Kat;)anniyayBaküdéTeTotbEnßmkñúgerOg
enH ehIybnÞab;mkeyIgk¾eLIgeTACan;elIvij.
«
enARBwkéf¶GaTitü Kat;)anehA´[eTACYb ehIyKat;)anniyayfa Gan; ):a)ankMBugEtKit
»
GMBIGVIEdlkUnÉg)anniyay . ¬GU+¡ GU+¡ ´)andwgeRsceTAehIy BIGVIEdlekIteLIg¡¦ enAeBlenH «
enAGKarbEnßmvaminEmnCaKMnti l¥enaHeT ebIny i ay[Bit. ):aKitfa BYkÉgRKan;EtCamitbþ eu: NÑaH.

etI pitF½r Rslaj;Égb¤? »
«
´k¾)aneqøIyfa BitCaGt;eT .»
« EmnehIy ÉgdwgehIyfa ):ayl;BIBYkÉgTaMgBIrc,as;Nas;. b:uEnþ kUnÉgetagEtkarBar

xønÜ [Cab;. kMeu TACan;xagelIjkw jab;eBk kMeu lIkTwkcitþ pitF½r eRcInCagGVEI dlxønÜ ÉgGacCYy)an.
256 Gan;E®hVg
enAkñúgbBaðaEbbenH bursKWEtgEtmantYnaTIskmμ ehIyvaGaRs½yeTAelI®sþIeTEdlCaGñkkMNt;

RBMEdn. enAxageRkAEdlkUnmanesrIPaBenaH erOgr:avvaepSgBIenH. kUneXIjekμgRbúsRsIdéT
eTot kUnGacecjeRkApÞH cUlrYmelgkILa nigskmμPaBTaMgGs;epSgeTot. b:uEnþenATIenH ebIkUn
ÉgenACamYyKñaeRcIneBk ehIycg;ecj[q¶ay kUnnwgminGaceT. kUnÉgCYbmuxKñaral;em:agral;
eBl. CakarBit kUnRtÚvRby½tñxøÜnNa+ Gan; ehIykMuykcitþTukdak;erOgenaHeBkGI¡ »
« kUnGt;eT):a b:uEnþ pitF½r CaekμgRbúséføfñÚr CaekμgKYr[Rslaj;mñak;¡ »
« ):adwgehIy b:uEnþ pitF½r minmancritrwgmaMeT. pitF½r gaynwgjúaMg[luHkñúg\T§iBlénkar

dwgxusdwgRtÚv b:Eu nþkg¾ aynwgFøak;kgúñ GMeBIGaRkk;Edr. ):asgÇwmfa edIm,IxnÜø eK pitF½r nwgenAl¥EbbenH
eRBaHCamUldæan pitF½r CamnusSl¥mñak; . »
eyIg)anCECkbEnßmeTot ehIyRBmeRBógKñafa ):anwgniyayerOgenHCamYy pitF½r Edr.

«
resoléf¶GaTitü enAeBleyIgenAkñúgbnÞb;sáakxagmux pitF½r )ansYrfa Gan; etI Gan; )an
niyayCamYy):aGan; ehIyb¤enA? . »
«
´)aneqøIyfa ca+H niyayrYcehIy. ńwgR)ab;GñkGMBIerOgenaH. Kat;Kitfa minxusGVIeT
b:uEnþKat;niyayfa enATIenHeyIgenAkEnøgCitKñaeBk vaGacnwgnaM[manCemøaH . »
« eyIg)anRBmeRBogKñaeRscehIyetI faeyIgnwgmineQøaHKñaeT ehIy´manbMNgeKarB

Baküsnüarbs;´ . »
« ´k¾dUecñaHEdr pitF½r. b:uEnþ ):aminTan;dwgerOgenHeT Kat;Kitfa eyIgRKan;EtCamitþPkþiFmμta

b:ueNÑaH. etIGñkKitfa eyIgenAEtGaceFVIy:agenHb¤? . »
« )aT ńwgenAEtG‘Ícwg. cuH Gan; Égvij? . »
« ´k¾dUecñHEdr. ´k¾)anR)ab;):afa ´Tukcitþ pitF½r Ég. ´BitCaTukcitþ pitF½r ÉgTaMgRsug

dUcCa´Tukcitþ):aEdr. ehIy´Kitfa pitF½r ÉgsmnwgTTYlkarTukcitþEbbenH minG‘Ícwgb¤? »
« »
´k¾sgÇwmdUecñHEdr ¬Kat;eGonxøaMgNas; ehIymuxeLIgRkhm¦.
«
´)anniyaybnþeTotfa éCOCak;elI pitF½r Ég. éCOfa pitF½r ÉgmannisS½yl¥
ehIyGñknwgmankarrIkceRmInCageKenAkñúgBiPBelakenH.
bnÞab;BIenaH eyIg)anCECkKñaBIerOgepSgeTotCaeRcIn. bnÞab;mk´)anniyayfa ebIsin «
CaeyIglYccakecjBITIenH ´sgÇwmfa GñknwgminERbRbÜlcitþeT . »
«
Kat;ke®Ba¢alcitþeLIgfa³ minBiteT Gan;. GU+¡ eT ńwgmineFVIdUecñHeT sUm,IEtKit¡ . »
bnÞab;mk manmnusSehAeyIg.
):aBitCa)anniyayCamYyKat;. Kat;)anR)ab;´kalBIéf¶c½nÞ. Kat;niyayfa ):arbs; «
» «
GñkKitfa mitþPaBrbs;eyIgenATIbMputGackøayCaesñha)an . b:uEnþ ´R)ab;Kat;fa eyIgGac
RKb;RKgxøÜnÉg)an . »
):acg;[´Qb;eTACan;xagelIenAeBll¶acjwkjab;eBk b:uEnþ´mincg;G‘ÍcwgeT. minEmn

edaysarcUlcitþenACamYy pitF½r EtmYymuxeT edaysar´)anniyayfa ´TukcitþKat; ehIyćg;
bgðajkarTukcitþrbs;´[Kat;dwgEdr b:uEnþńwgminGaceFVI)aneT ebIénAEtCan;xageRkamedaykar
minTukcitþenaH.
eT ńwgeTA¡.
enAcenøaHeBlenaH erOgr:avrbs; DusEsl k¾RtÚv)anedaHRsayrYc. enAl¶acéf¶esAr_
kñúgeBlbriePaKGahareBll¶ac Kat;)ansMueTasCaPasahuløg;y:agBieraH. PøamenaH elak v:an;
daGan k¾)anrkeXIjPaBrYsrayrbs;Kat;eLIgvij. DusEsl BitCa)ancMNayeBleBjmYy
éf¶ edIm,Ihat;niyaysMueTasehIy.
éf¶GaTitüEdlCaéf¶xYbkMeNItrbs;Kat; )anknøgputeTAkñúgsPaBs¶b;s¶at;. eyIg)anCUn
Kat;nUvRsal¥mYydbplitkñúgqñaM1919 RKÜsar v:an; daGan ¬Edl\LÚvGac[GMeNay)anenaH¦
)anpþl;CUnKat;nUvPixWlIlImYyRkL nigLamekarBukmat;mYyRbGb; ehIyelak XuKø½r pþl;[Kat;nUv
TwksuIr:URkÚcqμarmYyRkL ¬edIm,IeFVITwklIm:UNad81¦ emob [esovePAmYyk,almancMNgeCIgfa
« »
lItfl m:aTIntUcl¥it ehIy ebb [kUneQImYyfU. DusEsl [RKb;KñajúaMs‘utmñak;mYy.
éf¶BuF TI3 Ex]sPa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
dMbUgKWdMNwgepSg²RbcaMs)aþh_¡ dMNwgneya)ayElgniyay KμanniyayGVITaMgGs;
ehIy´k¾KμanGVIedIm,IraykarN_Edr. ´kMBugcab;epþImeCObeNþIr²fa karcUlQøanBannwgekItman.
CagenHeTot eKminGacTuk[BYkrusSúIeFVIkargarminl¥TaMgGs;edaypÞal;eT. tamBiteTA BYkrusSúImin
)aneFVIGVIEdrenAeBlenH.
81 ePsC¢HEdleFVImkBI TwkRkÚcqμa sár nigTwk.
258 Gan;E®hVg
eBlenH elak ekøm:g; mkkariyal½yCaerogral;RBwk. Kat;)anTijersS½rfμIsRmab;dak;

ekAGIEvgrbs; pitF½r. dUecñH pitF½r RtÚveFVIkarjat;dak;ersS½rcUlkñúgekAGIEvgenaHeLIgvij. min
manGVIKYr[PJak;ep¥IleT Kat;minmanGarmμN_GITal;EtesaH. elak ekøm:g; k¾)annaMykmknUvemSA
km©at;écxøHsRmab;qμaEdr.
etI´)anR)ab;ÉgehIyb¤enAfa qμa bUc )an)at;xøÜn? eyIgmineXIjvaesaH cab;taMgBIéf¶
RBhs,t×mnu . vaRbEhlCaeTAdl;zansYKq’ aμ )at;ehIy xN³EdlGñkcUlcitsþ ac;stV )anykva
eTAeFVmI bÚð d¾qa¶ j;enaH. RbEhlCa®sþmI anluymñak;GacTijva)an ehIykMBgu EtBak;mkY eFVGI BM EI s,k
nigeramrbs;vapgk¾mindwg. pitF½r RtÚveFVI[RBÜycitþnwgerOgenHy:agxøaMg.
taMgBIBIrs)aþh_mkenH eyIgjúaMGaharéf¶Rtg;enAevlaem:agdb;mYynigsamsibnaTI enA
ral;éf¶esAr_. enAeBlRBwk eyIgRtÚvEtjúaTM kw FBaØCatiekþAmYyEBg. cab;BéI f¶Es¥k vanwgdUcenHCa
erogral;éf¶. RbkarenHvaCYysnSMGahareyIg)anmYyeBl. bEnøk¾Bi)akrkNas;Edr. enA
resolenH eyIgjúaMsaladrlYyEdlykeTAes¶ar. manEtsaladFmμta és<eGBINarnig
salades¶arb:eu NÑaH KμanGVeI RkABIhgwñ eT. bEnßmBIelIenaH mandMLgÚ rlYyeTot ehIyÉgmanGahar
EdlsmRsbsRmab;esþcmYyGgÁ¡.
taMgBICagBIrExmkehIyEdl´)at;rdUv TIbMput va)ancab;epþImmankalBIéf¶GaTitümun.
eTaHbImankarQWcab; nigkarrMxan k¾´sb,ayEdrEdlvamine)aHbg;écal.
dUcÉgGacRsémedayKμanBiPal;GcÍ‘ gw eyIgEtgEtniyayCajwkjab;enATIenHRbkbeday
«
karGs;sgÇwm³ etIs®gÁammanRbeyaCn_G?IV ehtuGIV GU¡+ ehtuG)IV anCamnusSminGacrs;enACamYy
KñaedaysuxsnþiPaB? ehtuGVIk¾mankarbMpøajTaMgenH? . »
sMNrY enHGacyl;)an b:Eu nþrhUtmkdl;eBlenH KμannrNarkeXIjcemøy I EdlKYr[eBjcitþ

eT. ehtuGVIGg;eKøsplitynþehaHnigRKab;Ebkkan;EtFMeLIg² nigkan;Etl¥eLIg ehIykñúgeBl
dMNalKñaenH EbrCaTmøak;RKab;EbkkemÞcRTBüsm,tþei TAvij? ehtuGlIV y u rab;lanRtÚvcMNayeTA
elIs®gÁamCaerogral;éf¶ xN³EdlsUm,IEtluymYyesnk¾rkmin)anpg sRmab;viTüasaRsþ
evC¢sa®sþ sRmab;sil,kr b¤GñkRkIRkenaH? ehtuGVImnusSeyIgRtÚvGt;XøanenAeBlEdlGahar
eRcInKeKak kMBugEts¥úyrlYyecalenATIkEnøgepSgeTotkñúgBiPBelak. GU+¡ mnusSelakGIk¾qáÜt
xøaMgemø:H?
´mineCOfa s®gÁamRKan;EtCakargarrbs;Gñkneya)ayb¤GñkmUlFnniyayeT. GU+¡ eT
mnusSRKb;rbU suTE§ tmankMhsu mYycMENkEdr. ebIBeuM naHeT RbCaCnnigRbCaCatieRkakeLIgbHe)ar

yUrmkehIy¡ kñúgxøÜnmnusSmanEtesckþIRtÚvkarbMpøicbMpøajmYy esckþIRtÚvkarvaysmøab;mYy
nigsb,ayePøItePøIneRbIGMeBIhigSab:ueNÑaH. ehIydrabNamnusSCatiTaMgmUl KμankarelIkElg
mineFVI[mankarpøas;bþÚry:agFMmYyeT drabenaHs®gÁamnwgRtÚvbnþeFVI ehIyGVI²TaMgGs;Edl
RtÚv)anksageLIgy:agykcitþTukdak; daMduHnigrIklUtlas;enaH nwgRtÚvpþac;pþil nigbMpøajexÞcxÞI
ehIyTIbMputRtÚvbegáItvijdEdl¡.
Cajwkjab; ´Bi)akcitþ b:uEnþminGs;sgÇwmeT. ´smøwgemIleXIjCIvitrbs;eyIgenAkñúg
kEnøglak;xøÜnfa CakarpSgeRBgRbkbedayeRKaHfñak;EdleBareBjeTAedayPaBgb;gul nigKYr[
cab;GarmμN_. kñúgesovePAkMNt;ehturbs;´ ćat;Tukral;karxVHxatnImYy² KWCaRbPBéneRKÓg
sb,ayrbs;´. ´)anseRmccitþrs;enAtamCIvitepSgBIekμgRsIdéT ehIymineFVICaempÞHsamBaØ
Fmμta enAeBleRkaymkeToteT. GVIEdl´kMBugCYbRbTHenATIenH KWkarcab;epþImd¾l¥mYyeq<aHeTArk
CIvti KYr[cab;GarmμN._ enaHKWCaehtuplEtmYyKt;Edl´RtÚvesIccMeBaHerOgRkmac;kEM bøg enAkñgú
eBlevlad¾eRKaHfñak;bMputenH.
énAekμgehIymanlkçN³sm,tþli ak;elomCaeRcIn. énAekμgehIyxøagM nig rs;enAqøgkat;
karpSgeRBgd¾FMmYy. ´sßitenAkNþalsßanPaBEbbenHEtmþg ehIy´minGaccMNayeBleBj
mYyéf¶rG‘UrTaM)aneT BIeRBaHvaminGacmankaresIcsb,ayNamYyeLIy¡ ´mansMNagEdlmanGVI
CaeRcIn³ suPmgÁl lkçN³sm,tþirIkrayBIFmμCati nig kmøaMgcitþ. Caerogral;éf¶ ´man
GarmμN_fa xøÜnÉgcas;TMu ´manGarmμN_fa karrMedaHxitcUlmkdl; ´manGarmμN_BIsRms;FmμCati
nigKuNFm’l¥rbs;mnusSenACMuvijxøÜn´. Caerogral;éf¶ ´Kitfa enHKWCakarpSgeRBgKYr[cab;
GarmμN_nigsb,ayGIemø:HeT¡ edaymanGarmμN_EbbenHeTAehIy ehtuGVIk¾´RtÚvGs;sgÇwm?
éf¶suRk TI5 Ex]sPa qñaM1944

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
):aminsb,aycitþnwgéT. bnÞab;BIkarBiPakSarbs;eyIgkalBIéf¶GaTitü Kat;Kitfa ´Qb;
« »
eLIgeTACan;xagelIerogral;la¶ ceTotehIy. Kat;nwgmincg;eXIj karCBa¢km; at;Kañ EbbenaHteTA
eToteLIy. ´minGacRTaMnwgBaküenaH)aneT. niyayGMBIBaküenaH vaGaRkk;Nas;eTAehIy.
260 Gan;E®hVg
ehtuGVI)anCaKat;RtÚvEteFVI[´manGarmμN_GaRkk;EbbenHEdr¡ ´manBaküniyayCamYyKat;enAéf¶
enH. m:ahÁút )an[dMbUnμanl¥xøHdl;´. enHCaGVIEdlćg;niyaynwgKat;³
´Kitfa ):arg;caMkarBnül;bPM BWø Í . EmneT):a dUecñH ńwgeFVkI arBnül;my Y CUn):a.

´)aneFVI[):axkcitþ. ):arMBwgfa ńwgkat;bnßykareTACYbCamYy pitF½r. ):aBitCacg;
[´RbRBwtþdUcCaekμgGayudb;bYnqñaMTUeTA b:uEnþ KWRtg;enHehIyCacMNucxusrbs;):a¡.
cab;taMgBIeyIgmkenATIenH kalBIExkkáda qñaM1942 rhUtmkTl;eBlBIrbI
s)aþh_knøgeTAenH ´minEdlmaneBlsuxRsYleT. ebI):a)andwgfa kUnFøab;yMeRcIn
y:agNaenAeBlyb; kUnminsb,aycitþnigxUccitþkRmitNa kUnmanGarmμN_Éeka
y:agNa ):anwgyl;BkI arEdlćg;eTACYb pitF½r¡ ´\LÚv)anmkdl;cN M cu mYyEdl´min
RtÚvkarkarKaMRTBIm:ak;b¤nrNaepSgeToteT. vamin)anekIteLIgEtmYyyb;enaHeT. ´
)ants‘UxøaMgmkehIy nig y:aglM)ak ehIyhUrTwkEPñkCaeRcInedIm,IkøayxøÜnCamnusS
ÉkraCüdUcéBl\LÚvenH. ):aGacesIccMGk ehIyfańiyayminBit Et´k¾mindwgeFVI
em:cEdr. ´minmanGarmμN_fa ´RtÚvTTYlxusRtÚvcMeBaH):aBIskmμPaBrbs;éT BIeRBaH
ĆamnusSÉkraCümñak;eTAehIy. ´R)ab;)a: EbbenH eRBaH´mincg;[):aKitfa´kMBgu eFVGI IV
BIeRkayxñg):aeLIy. b:uEnþ manmnusSEtmñak;Kt;Edl´RtÚvTTYlxusRtÚvcMeBaHrUb´.
enAeBl´kMBugEtmanbBaða GñkRKb;KñarYmTaMg):apg )anbiTEPñk biTRtecok
ehIymin)anCYyéT. pÞúyeTAvij GVIEdl´)anTTYlenaHKWkarRBmanmin[LÚLa
xøaMg. ´kÐúgkÐaMg KWRKan;EtedIm,IkMu[xøÜnéRkómRkMRKb;eBlb:ueNÑaH. éFVICarwgpgedIm,IkMu
[B¤sMeLgenAkñúgxøÜn´. ´)anRbwgeFVICaG‘ÍcwgGs;ry³eBlmYyqñakM nøHknøgmkehIy
TaMgmYyéf¶kat;my Y éf¶ekar. ´minEdlt¥jÚ Et¥rb¤ke¾ bIkr)aMgmux [eKeXIjBIFatuBitTal;
EtesaH ehIy\LÚvenH>>>\LÚvenH sRmab;rUb´smrPUmienaH va)ancb;eTAehIy.
´)anQñHehIy¡ ´ÉkraCüTaMgkaynigcit.þ ÉlgRtÚvkarmþayeTotehIy ehIy´)an
elceFøaecjBIkarts‘UeTACamnusSmñak;xøaMgCagmun.
\LÚvenHvacb;ehIy \LÚvenH ´dwgfa´QñHs®gÁamenaHehIy. ćg;eFVdI eM NIr
tampøÚvrbs;´ KWtampøÚvmYyEdlýl;faRtwmRtÚvsRmab;rUb´. sUm):akMuKitfa Ća
ekμgGayudb;bnY qñaM eRBaHbBaðaTaMgenH)aneFV[I ´kan;Etcas;KnM ti . ´minsþayeRkay
cMeBaHskmμPaBrbs;éT. ńwgRbRBwtþxøÜntamrebobmYyEdl´Kitfa´KYrEteFVI¡.
karGUsTajbnþicEbbenH minGacXat;XaMg´min[eLIgeTAsáak)aneT. ham
R)am b¤Tku cit´þ ):aRtÚveRCIserIsykmYy. eTaHCaseRmcy:agNa sUmTuk[édIrtam
pøvÚ ćuH.

XIFI smøaj;/
yb;mji muneBlbriePaKGahareBll¶ac ´)anjat;sbM Ru tEdl´)ansresreTAkñgú ehae):A
rbs;):a. tam m:ahÁút [dwgfa Kat;)anGanvaehIyminsb,aycitþeBjmYyl¶ac. ¬´kMBugEtlag
canenACan;elI¡¦. BIm d¾kmSt;eGIy ´dwgfasMbuRtenaHnwgman\T§iBlEbbNa. Kat;CamnusS
Edlqab;manGarmμNx_ agpøvÚ citN þ as;¡ ´)anR)ab; pitF½r Pøam²fa min[sYrsMNrY b¤kn¾ y i ayGVI
eToteT. BIm k¾min)anniyayGVIeTotmkrkÉdrGMBIbBaðaenaH. etIKat;nwgRBmnig´b¤?
GVI²RKb;y:agesÞIrEtvilRtLb;mkrkPaBFmμtavijehIyenATIenH. eyIgesÞIrEtmineCOnUv
GVIEdl eCn elak XuKø½r nig elak ekøm:g; R)ab;eyIgGMBItémøTMnij nigmnusSenAxageRkAeT. søwk
EtBIrryémÖR)aMBIrRkamtémø350/00hÁIldW kaehVTm¶n;BIrryémÖR)aMBIrRkamtémø80/00hÁIldW
bWrbYnryhasibbYnRkamtémø35/00hÁIldW s‘utmYytémø1/45hÁIldW. mnusSmñaTij)arI
b‘lu hÁarIémÖR)aMbIRkamkñúgtémø14/00hÁIldW¡ mnusSRKb;KñakMBugEtTijdUrenATIpSarggwt. ekμg
RbúsnaMTnM ji manrbs;xHø nwgRtÚvpþl[; . ekμgRbúspþlT; nM ji mkBIhagnM)anpþl[; eyIgnUvGMe)aHedr.
GMe)aHmYydMutUctémø90esn. GñkedIrdak;TwkedaHeKatampÞHGacTTYlesovePArbbGahar.
GñkrksuIerobcMbuNüexμacpþl;Rbhuk. karcUllYctampÞH XatkmμnigecarkmμekItmanCaerogral;
éf¶. sUm,IEtb:UlisnigGñkyameBlyb; k¾cUlrYmeFVIskmμPaBEbbenHEdr. mnusSRKb;Kñacg;rk
GaharmkRckeBaH ehIyedaysarR)ak;ExeKElgebIk[enaH mnusSmñak¾gakeTArkmeFüa)ay
e)akR)as. b:lU si rvl;Cab;édBüayamtamrkekμgRsIGayudb;R)aM db;R)aMmy Y db;R)aMBrI qñaM b¤Gayu
eRcInCagenH EdlRtÚv)aneKraykarN_fa )an)at;xøÜnCaerogral;éf¶.
ćg;bBa©b;sac;erOgrbs;´GMBIeTBFIta EGleLn edIm,IRKan;CakaresIcsb,ay ´Gacpþl;
erOgenaHCUn):aenAéf¶xYbkMeNItrbs;Kat; rYmCamYysiT§iftcmøgTaMgGs;.
262 Gan;E®hVg
laehIy CYbKñaeBleRkayeTot¡ ¬tamBitenaHminEmnCaXøaRtwmRtÚveT. enAkñúgkmμviFI

«
GalømW g: ; EdlpSayBIRbeTsGg;eKøs BYkeKEtgbBa©bk; mμvFi eI dayXøa rhUtdl;eBleyIgniyay »
«
dUecñH ´KYrEtniyayfa rhUtdl;eBleyIgsresrmþgeTot ¦. »
RBwkéf¶GaTitü TI7 Ex]sPa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
):anigńiyayKñay:agyUr kalBIresolmSilmij ýMeLIgehImEPñk ehIyKat;k¾yMEdr.
XIFI etIÉgmandwgfaKat;niyayGVICamYyéT?
« ):aFøab;TTYlsMbuRteRcInNas;kñúgCIvit):a b:uEnþ KμansMbuRtNaKYr[QWcukcab;dUcCalixit
enHeT. kUnTTYlesckþIRslaj;CaxøaMgBI):am:ak;. ):am:ak;eRtómxøÜnCaeRscedIm,ICYykUn. ):am:ak;
EtgkarBarkUn minfaerOgGVICaerOgGVIeT. kUnniyayBIkarEdlminTTYlxusRtÚvcMeBaHeyIgGMBI
skmμPaBrbs;kUn¡ kUnmanGarmμN_fa eyIgeFVIxuscMeBaHkUn ehIykUnKYrEtRtÚvbeNþay[eFVIGVItam
citþkUn. eT Gan; kUnGyutþiFm’cMeBaH):am:ak;Nas;¡ .»
« RbEhlCakUnmincg;eTACaG‘ÍcwgeT b:uEnþ enaHKWGVIEdlkUn)ansresr. eT Gan; ):am:ak;

min)aneFVIGVIEdlsmEtnwgTTYlkarriHKn;EbbenHeT¡ . »
GU+ ´xkcitþCaxøaMg. enHKWCaerOgGaRkk;bMput Edl´minFøab;)aneFVIesaHeBjmYyCIvit. ´

)aneRbIR)as;Tkw EPñkedIm,IGtY bgðaj edIm,IeFV[I eKemIlmkxønÜ faCamnusSsMxan; dUecñH Kat;ngw eKarB
´. ´BitCamancMENkénPaBminsb,aycitþ ehIyGVIEdlńiyayGMBIm:ak;enaH KWCaerOgBit.
b:uEnþ ecaTRbkan; BIm Edll¥xøaMgnigEdleFVIGVI²sRmab;´ BitCaeXareXAeBkNas; minGacrk
BakümkføaEføg)aneLIy.
vaCakarl¥ehIy EdlenATIbMputmannrNamñak;mkbgðajfa´minEmnCamnusSsMxan;dUc´
KitenaH )anmkBuHbMEbkemaTkPaBrbs;´ eRBaHénHemaTkPaBhYsehtueBkNas;. minEmn
RKb;y:agEdlGñknag Gan; enH)aneFVI KWsuT§Etl¥pUrpg;TaMgGs;eT¡ nrNamñak;Edlbgá[mankar
QWcab;dl;GñkdéTEdleKniyayfa eKRslaj;enaH KWKYr[s¥b;ex<ImNas;. GñkenaHKWCamnusS
TabefakbMputkñúgcMeNammnusSefakTab¡.
GVIEdl´Gam:as;bMputKWrebobEdl):aGP½yeTasdl;´. Kat;niyayfa Kat;nwgKb;sMbuRt
enaHcUleTAkñúgL ehIyenAeBlenH Kat;eFVIl¥cMeBaHŃas; hak;dUcCaKat;)aneFVIxusG‘Ícwg. Emn

ehIy Gan; ÉgRtÚveronsURteRcIneTot. enHKWCaeBlEdlÉg)ancab;epþIm edayminemIlgay
GñkdéT ehIybenÞasBYkeK¡
´)andwgeRcInGMBIkaresakseRgg b:uEnþ etInrNaeTAmin)andwgenAGayuRskr´? ´)aneFVI
b£kepSgBIFatuBit ehIyesÞIrEtmindwgfaxøÜneFVIeLIy. ´manGarmμN_keNþackENþg b:uEnþminEdl
Gs;sgÇwmeT¡ mindUc):aeLIy EdlmþgenaH Kat;)anrt;eTAfñl;edaymankaMbitkan;Cab;nwgédpg
dUecñHKat;GacbBa©b;GVITaMgGs;. ´minTan;dl;fñak;enaHeT.
´KYrEtxμasxøÜnÉgCaxøaMg ehIy´xμaseGonEbbenHEmn. GVIEdleFVIeTAehIyenaH minGac
vilRtLb;vijeT b:uEnþy:agehacNas; k¾ÉgGackarBarvamin[ekItmanmþgeTotEdr. ćg;cab;
epþImRKb;y:ag ehIyenaHminBi)akeT \LÚvenH´man pitF½r. edaymanKat;KaMRT´ ´dwgfa ´Gac
eFVI)an¡ ´minÉekaeToteT. Kat;Rslaj;´. ´Rslaj;Kat; ´manesovePArbs;´ sMeNr
rbs;´ nigesovePAkMNt;ehturbs;´. ´minEmnGaRkk;y:agenaH b¤ l¶g;exøAEbbenaHeT ´man
nisS½yPøWføaBIFmμCati ehIyćg;Rbkan;yklkçN³maryaT[l¥¡.
ca+s¡ Gan; Ég)andwgc,as;ehIyfa sMbuRtrbs;Égminl¥ ehIyminBit b:uEnþÉgman
emaTkPaBcMeBaHva¡ ńwgykrUb):amkeFVICaKMrUmþgeTot ehIyńwgeFVI[xøÜnÉgRbesIreLIg¡
éf¶c½nÞ TI8 Ex]sPa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
etI´Føab;)anR)ab;ÉgGMBIRKÜsarrbs;éT? ´Kitfa ´minTan;)anR)ab;eT dUecñH sUm[´
cab;epþImBIenHeTA. ):a)anekItenA E®hVghVWt Gam emn enAkñúgRKÜsar«BukmþayGñkmansþúksþmÖ
mYy. ém:xWl E®hVg manFnaKarmYy ehIy)ankøayCamhaesdæI cMENk«Bukmþayrbs; GalIs
esÞIn CamnusSl,Il,ajnigmanRTBüsm,tþi. ém:xWl E®hVg mincab;epþImeFVICaGñkmanEtmþgeT.
Kat;KWCamnusSEdlTTYleCaKC½yedaykic©xitxMrbs;xøÜnÉg. enAkñúgyuvv½y )a:rs;enACakUnRbús
rbs;bru sGñkmanmñak;. Caerogral;s)aþh_ manBiFCI b;elog karraMkmSanþ RsIsa¥ t² karCb;elog
raMErk karCb;elogGahar GahareBll¶ac pÞHFMsáwmésá.l. bnÞab;BIelakta)anTTYlGnic©kmμ
eTA luyCaeRcInRtÚvxatbg; ehIybnÞab;BsI ®gÁamelakelIkTI1 ¬1914-1918¦ nigGtiprNa
264 Gan;E®hVg
BMmu anenAesssl;GeIV T. rhUtmkTl;eBls®gÁam mansac;jatiGkñ manEtBIrbInak;beu: NÑaH. dUecñH

):aBitCamankarGb;rMl¥Nas; ehIyKat;RtÚvEtesIckalBIéf¶mSil eRBaHvaCaelIkdMbUgehIyenA
kñúgCIvitry³eBlhasibR)aMqñaMrbs;Kat; EdlKat;)anekassm¥atxÞHqaenAÉtu.
RKÜsarrbs;m:ak;minmanRTBüsm,tþidUc):aeT b:uEnþk¾RKan;ebIEdr ehIyeyIgsþab;eLIgcMhmat;
nUverOgRbCMuKñaraMsb,ayCaÉkCn GahareBll¶ac nigBiFICb;elogP¢ab;BaküedaymanePJóvcMnYn
250nak;cUlrYm.
\LÚvenH eyIgenAq¶ayNas;BIsßanPaBGñkmanEbbenaH b:uEnþ ´dk;Cab;nUvkþIsgÇwmdUecñH
bnÞab;BIs®gÁamcb;eTA. ´GacFanaGHGagR)ab;Égfa ´min)andak;citþrs;enArebobsamBaØdUcCa
m:ak;nig m:ahÁút eT. ćg;cMNayeBlmYyqñaMrs;enATIRkúg):arIs nig RkúgLúgd_ edIm,IeronPasanig
RbvtþisaRsþsil,³. cUrÉgeRbobeFobvaTaMgenaHCamYy m:ahÁút Edlcg;eFVICaGñkemIlEfTaMTark
eTIbnwgekItenA):aeLsÞnI . énAEtmanTsSn³sþBI sI emøókbMBak;Gs©arünigmnusSKYr[cab;GarmμN._
dUc´R)ab;ÉgBImunmkCaeRcIndgehIy ćg;eXIjBiPBelaknigeFVIGVI²EdlKYr[rMePIb ehIyman
luytictYc k¾minGIEdr¡
RBwkenH emob )anR)ab;eyIgGMBIBiFICb;elogP¢ab;Bakürbs;bgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYyKat; EdlKat;
)aneTAcUlrYmkalBIéf¶esAr_. «Bukmþaybgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYyKat;KWCaGñkman ehIy):am:ak;kUnkemøaH
vij rwtEtmanCagenaHeTAeTot. emob )aneFVI[eyIgRsk;Twkmat; enAeBlKat;niyayGMBIGahar
enAkñúgBiFIenaH. s‘ubbEnølayRbhitmUl RhVÚm:as nMb½ugmUldak;sac;han;cMNit² mðÚbEkømEdl
eFVIBIs‘utnigsac;eKaGaMg nMb½ugmUldak;RhVÚm:as nMehSN½s82 Rsanig)arI ehIyGñkGacjúaMeRcIntam
citþGñkcg;.
emob júaMRsaxøaMgdb;Ekv nigCk;)arIbIedIm. etIenHCaGñkKaMRTkarminTTYlTanCatiRsvwg
b¤? ebI emob )anjúaMRsaTaMgenaHeTAehIy ´q¶l;faetIsVamIrbs;Kat;GacpwkRsaenaHb:unμanEkv
eTA? mnusSRKb;Kañ enAkñgú BiFCI b;elogRsvwgeRsOg². k¾manb:lU si BIrnak;mkBIRkúmGtþXat)an
ftrUbKUsVamIPriyaEdlkMBugerobGaBah_BiBah_enaH. ÉgGacyl;fa eyIgminenAq¶ayBIKMnitrbs;
emob eT eRBaHKat;)ankt;RtaeQμaH nigGasydæanrbs;BYkeKPøam²kñúgkrNIGVImYyGacekIteLIg
ehIyeyIgRtÚvkarTak;TgCamYyRbCaCnhuløg;l¥².
82 nMEdlmantubEtglm¥edaybWry:agRbNit.
eyIgRsk;Twkmat;xøaMgNas;. BYkeyIgenHKμan)anjúaMGVIeT eRkABIGaharFBaØCatiekþA²BIr

søabRBa sRmab;GahareBlRBwk ehIyvaGs;rlIgeTAehIy. eyIgenH KμanGVITTYlTaneRkABI
és<eGBINar ¬cm¥inmin[q¥ineBk edIm,I[manvItamIn¦ nigdMLÚgrlYyBImYyéf¶eTAmYyéf¶eLIy.
RkBHBYkeyIgenH TeTs¥at KμanGVIeRkABIsalades¶ar saladeqA és<eGBINar² ehIyés<
eGBINareTot. TIbMput RbEhlCaBYkeyIgnwgmankmøaMgkMEhgdUcCa b:ubGay eTaHbICaenA
eBlenH ´minTan;)aneXIjsBaØaG‘Ícwgk¾eday¡.
ebIsinCa emob naMeyIgeTAcUlrYmBiFICb;elogenaHEdr eyIgnwgjúaMnMb½ugmUl[Gs;rlIg
minmansl;sRmab;ePJóvdéTeToteT. ebIeyIgenATIenaH eyIgnwgdeNþImykGVI²TaMgGs;[EtRbTH
EPñk edayrYmTaMgeRKÓgsgðarimpg. ´R)ab;Égfa eyIgswgEtTajBaküTaMgenaHecjBImat;
Kat;Etmþg. eyIgmkpþMúKñaenACMuvijKat; hak;dUcCaenAkñúgCIviteyIgTaMgGs;Kña eyIgminFøab;)anB¤
GMBIGaharq¶aj;² b¤mnusSLÚy²G‘ÍcwgeT¡ ehIyTaMgenH KWCaecARsIrbs;esdæIéføfñÚr. BiPBelak
KWCaTIkEnøgqáÜtEmn¡.

XIFI smøaj;/
´)anbBa©b;erOgrbs;´GMBIeTBFIta EGleLn. ´)ancmøgvay:ags¥atcUlRkdaskt;Rta
edaytubEtgvaCamYynwgTwkexμABN’Rkhm ehIyedrTMB½rRkdasenaHcUlKña. vaTaMgmUlemIleTA
s¥atEmnETn b:uEnþ ´mindwgfa etIvasmCaGMeNayéf¶buNüxYbkMeNItEdrb¤eT. m:ahÁút nig m:ak;
TaMgBIrnak;suT§Et)ansresrkMNaBü.
elak XuKø½r )aneLIgmkCan;xagelIenAeBlresolenH RbkasR)ab;eyIgfa cab;taMg
BIéf¶c½nÞ elakRsI RbÚk cg;cMNayeBlBIrem:agenAkñúgkariyal½yerogral;eBlresol. Rsém
emIleTA¡ buKÁlikkariyal½ynwgElgGaceLIgeTACan;xagelI dMLÚgnwgElgmanGñkNaykmk
pþl;[eyIgeTotehIy. ebb nwgmin)anbriePaKGahareBll¶acrbs;Kat;eT. BYkeyIgnwgminGac
eTAbnÞb;Twk. eyIgnwgElgmansiT§ieFVIGVI)an nigElgmanPaBRsNukRsYlRKb;RbePTTaMgGs;eTot
ehIy¡ eyIg)anesñImeFüa)ayepSg² edIm,Ikm©at;Kat;ecj. elak v:an; daGan Kitfa kardak;
fñaMbBa©úHenAkñúgkaehVrbs;elakRsI RbÚk manRbsiT§iPaBGacnwg)aneCaKC½y. elak ekøm:g;
266 Gan;E®hVg
«
)aneqøIyfa eT sUmkMueFVIG‘Ícwg ebImindUecñHeT Kat;c,as;CanwgminecjrYcBIkMb:ugeLIy¡ . »
«
sMeNIcpÞúHKileLIg. elakRsI v:an; daGan )ansYrfa kMb:ugb¤? etIvamann½yfaem:c
«
eTA? karBnül;k¾RtÚv)anpþl;[. Kat;)ansYredaymindwgEmnfa etIvaRtwmRtÚvehIyb¤EdleRbI
BaküenaH? .»
«
ebb esIck¥wk² ehIyniyayfa RKan;EtKiteTAemIlfa elakRsIkMBugEtTijGIv:an;enA
»
hag b‘eI cgkUhV ehIyelakRsIsrY BIpvÚø eTArkkMbgu: . BYkeKmindwgpgfa etIGkñ kMBgu niyayGMBGI eIV T .
«
ykBaküenaHmkeRbICa]TahrN_ bc©úb,nñ DusEsl GgÁúyenAelI kMb:ug erogral;em:ag»
db;BIrnigsamsibnaTI m:ac;Etmþg. enAeBlresolenH ´)anykRkdasBN’páaQUkmYysnøwkmk

sresry:agkøahan³
kalviPaKcUlbgÁn;rbs;elak DusEsl
RBwkBIem:ag7³15 dl;7³30
resol eRkayem:ag1
eRkABIenH tamEtkarcMa)ac;¡
´)anykRkdasenHeTAbiTP¢ab;ngw TVarbnÞbT; kw BN’ébtg xN³EdlKat;enAxagkñgú enAeLIy.

« »
´)anbEnßmfa GñkenAhYsem:ag nwgRtÚvTTYlkarXMuxøÜn¡ eRBaHTVarbgÁn;rbs;eyIgGaccak;esa
BIxagkñúgpgBIxageRkApg.
erOgkMEbøgfμIbMputrbs;elak v:an; daGan³
bnÞab;BIemeronRBHKm<IrGMBI Gadam nig EGv ekμgRbúsGayudb;bIqñaM )ansYr

«
«Bukrbs;vafa ):a R)ab;´mkemIl_ etIékItmky:agem:c? . »
«
«Buk)aneqøIyfa EmnehIy stVkuk)anse®gÁaHkUnecjBImhasaKr rYcyk
kUnmkdak;enAelIERKmþaykUn ehIy)anxaMeCIgmþaykUny:agxøaMg. mþaykUnhUrQam
y:ageRcIn rhUtdl;RtÚvedkenAelIERKGs;ry³eBlmYys)aþh_ . »
edayminTan;eBjcitþTaMgRsug ekμgRbús)aneTArkmþayrbs;va. va)ansYr

«
mþayvafa m:ak; R)ab;´pgfa etIm:ak;ekItmky:agem:c ehIyékItmky:agem:c
»
Edr? .
mþayrbs;va)anR)ab;erOgdUcKñaebHbiT. TIbMput edaysgÇwmfanwg)andwgBI
«
cMNucl¥² va)aneTArkCItarbs;vaeTot. va)anniyayfa taR)ab;´mk etItaekIt
»
mky:agdUcemþc ehIykUnRsItaekItmky:agdUcemþc? ehIyCaelIkTIbI CItaenaH
)anR)ab;erOgebHbiTdUcmunEdr.
«
enAyb;enaH va)ansresrenAkñúgesovePAkMNt;ehturbs;vafa bnÞab;BIkar
saksYry:agykcitþTukdak; ´RtÚvEtsnñidæanfa BMumankarrYmr½kSenAkñúgRKÜsarrbs;
eyIgeT sRmab;ry³eBlbICMnan;mkenH¡ . »
énAmankargarRtÚveFVIeTot. eBlenHem:agbIeTAehIy.
esckþIbEnßm ´Kitfa ´)anelIkykmkniyayehIy GMBIRsþIGñksm¥atpÞHfμI. ´RKan;Et
kt;smÁal;fa Kat;manRKÜsar Kat;manGayuhuksibqñaM nig sþab;minsUvB¤eT¡ vaRsYlEmn
enAeBlKitdl;sMeLgTaMgGs;EdlmnusSR)aMbInak;enAkEnøglak;xøÜnGacnwgbgáeLIg.
GU+¡ XIFI GakasFatul¥GIemø:HeT. sUm[´GacecjeTAelgxageRkA¡.

XIFI smøaj;/
eyIgkMBugEtGgÁúyenAbnÞb;sáak kalBIresoléf¶mSil edIm,IeronPasa)araMgrbs;eyIg
enAeBlEdlrMeBcenaH´)anB¤sMeLgxÞatTwkxageRkay´. ´sYr pitF½r fa sMeLgs¥Ihñwg. eday
minQb;bnþicedIm,IeqøIy Kat;)ansÞúHvwgeTAbnÞb;Cab;dMbUl EdlCakEnøgmanmhnþray ehIy)an
ruj mUsQI EdlkMBugGgÁúyecagehagenAEk,rRbGb;edkTTwkeCakrbs;va[eTAkan;kEnøgRtwmRtÚv
mYy. bnþmkeTotk¾mankarERskyMej:cj:ac ehIy mUsQI Edlmkdl;RtwmeBlenH Qb;
)aj;enameTAehIyenaH )ancuHmkeRkam. enAkñúgkarEsVgrkGVImYyEdlRsedognwgkEnøgedk
rbs;va mUsQI k¾dak;xøÜnelIKMnrGacm_rNarenAelIsñameRbH\dæ. PøamenaH TwkenamEdldk;k¾hUr
Føak;eTAbnÞb;sáak ehIyKYr[sþay vak¾hUrRsk;tk;²mkelI nig CitFugdMLÚgrbs;eyIg. Bitan
RCabTwk ehIyeday\dæbnÞb;sáakk¾mansñameRbHEdrenaH tMNk;TwkBN’elOgtUc² kMBugEtelc
268 Gan;E®hVg
Rsk;tamBitanbnÞb; cenøaHKMnreRsameCIgnigkEnøgdak;esovePA.
ésIceLIgrYjxøÜn vaCaTidæPaBKYr[Gs;sMeNIcNas;. mUsQI lUneTAenAeRkamekAGI
mYy. pitF½r mankan;Twk emSAsab‘U nig RkNat;mYy. elak v:an; daGan kMBugBüayam
eFVI[GñkRKb;Kñamancitþs¶b;. bnÞb;k¾RtÚv)anerobcM[)anRtwmRtÚvy:agrh½s b:uEnþ TwkenamqμaenaH
FMkniø s¥y
ú dl;zansYK’ enHKWCaerOgEdleKdwgc,as;. dMLgÚ )anbBa¢ak;krNIenaH)any:agc,as;las;
dUcCakemÞcGacm_rNarEdr Edl):a)anRbmUlmkdak;FugmYy ehIynaMykeTAdutenACan;xag
eRkam. mUsQI d¾kmSt;eGIy¡ eFVIem:cÉgdwgfa vaminGaceTArYceT edIm,IrkTijFüÚgeqAsRmab;
kEnøgedkrbs;Ég?
Gan;
éf¶RBhs,t× TI11 Ex]sPa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
sMeNrkMEbøgmYyeTot EdlnwgeFVI[ÉgesIc³
sk;rbs; pitF½r RtÚvkat; ehIydUcFmμta m:ak;rbs;Kat;KCW aCagkat;sk;. enAevlaem:ag
R)aMBIrnigémÖR)aMnaTI pitF½r cUl)at;eTAkñúgbnÞb; ehIybgðajmuxCafμIenAem:agR)aMBIrnigsamsibnaTI
Kt; Kat;ecjmkvijmþgeTot xøÜnnnlKkdUcCenøn elIkElgEtexaxøImuCTwkB’Nexov nigEs,keCIg
elgetnñIsrbs;Kat;.
« »
Kat;)ansYrm:ak;Kat;fa etIm:ak;rYcb¤enA? .
« ca+s¡ m:ak;nwgeLIgeTAenAkñúgry³eBlmYynaTIeTot b:uEnþ m:ak;rkké®nþmineXIjesaH .»
pitF½r CYyrkm:ak;Kat; edayrukrkCMuvijenAkñúgfttudak;eRKÓgsm¥ag. m:ak;Kat;rG‘Ufa

« »
pitF½r kMueFVI[varej:réj: .
ćab;min)ankareqøIyrbs; pitF½r eT b:uEnþ vac,as;CaBaküRBehInehIy eRBaHm:ak;rbs;
Kat;)anTHédKat;. Kat;THm:ak;rbs;Kat;vij m:ak;rbs;Kat;dal;Kat;Gs;mYyTMhwg ehIy pitF½r
«
)ank®nþak;édecj edaymanTwkmuxcMGkeFVICaP½yxøacenAelImuxrbs;Kat;. cUlmk yaybui¡ . »
elakRsI v:an; daGan QrFμwg. pitF½r c,amédKat; ehIyGUsKat;eBjbnÞb;. elakRsI

esIc ERsk eCr nig t®nþMeCIg b:uEnþ enAEterIminrYc. pitF½r )anTajmþayKat;rhUtdl;CeNþIr
bnÞb;sáak eTIbKat;ElgmþayKat;. elakRsI v:an; daGan vileTAbnÞb;vij ehIypþÜlxøÜnelIekAGI
mYyedaydkdegðImFMy:agB¤².
«
ńiyaykMEbøg² karcab;BRgt;mþay *. »
«
EmnehIy b:uEnþ pitF½r )aneFVI[´QW . »
´k¾eTAemIl ehIyykTwkmks¥kM édRkhmnigekþArbs;Kat;. pitF½r enAEk,rCeNþrI enAeLIy

ehIykan;EtElgGt;Fμt;. Kat;)anedIre)aHCMhanEvg²cUlmkkñúgbnÞb; edaymankan;ExSRkvat;
enAnwgédpg hak;dUcKat;CaGñkpSaMgstVetaG‘Ícwg. elakRsI v:an; daGan Gt;manclna b:uEnþ
«
enAQrEk,rtusresrrbs;Kat; edayEsVgrkkEnSgédmYy. kUnÉgRtÚvEtsMueTasm:ak;mun . »
«
G‘cÍ gw k¾)anEdr ´sMeu Tas b:Eu nþ ebI´minsMeu TaseT eyIgmuxCanwgenATIenHrhUtdl;kNþalyb; . »
elakRsI v:an; daGan k¾Gt;RTaMesIcBMu)an eTaHbICaKat;xMTb;kþI. Kat;eRkakeLIg ehIy

edIreq<aHeTATVarEdlKat;RtÚvEtpþl;karBnül;dl;BYkeyIg. ¬BYkeyIgkMBugEtrvl;lagcan. Bakü
eyIgenH ćg;mann½yfa rUb´ ):anigm:ak;¦. elakRsI v:an; daGan )anniyayfa enApÞH eKmin «
EdlG‘ÍcwgeT. ´)anév: pitF½r xøaMgrhUtdl;eKepøaHcuHkaMCeNþIr. eKminEdlRBehInEbbenHeT.

enHminEmnCaelIkdMbUgeT Edl pitF½r smnwgTTYlkarlak;xøÜnd¾l¥EbbenH. enaHKWCaGVIEdlGñk
TTYl)anCamYyekμg²sm½yTMenIb karciBa©wmbI)ac;tamsm½yTMenIb. ´mincab;c,ammþay´dUcenaH
»
eT. etIGñkFøab;eFVIdUecñHdak;mþayGñkEdreT elak E®hVg? Kat;ekþAcitþxøaMgNas; edIrcuHedIreLIg
niyayGVIRKb;y:agEdlxYrk,alKat;nwkeXIj ehIyKat;enAEtminTan;eTACan;xagelIeTot. TIbMput
bnÞab;BIGUsbnøayeBlmYysnÞúH Kat;k¾)anecjeTA.
bnÞab;mkmindl;R)aMnaTIpg Kat;sÞúHcuHCeNþIrCafμI ehIyf<al;eLIge):ag RbwgdkdegðIm rYc
RKvat;GaveGomrbs;Kat;eTAelIekAGI. enAeBl´sYrfa etIKat;cb;erOgehIyb¤enA Kat;)aneqøIy
fa Kat;kMBugEtcuHeTAeRkam. Kat;rt;cuHmkelOndUcBüúH esÞIrEteFVI[)ak;kaMCeNþIr RbEhlCasÞúH
eTA»béd»beCIg PutFI rbs;Kat; ¬edIm,IsMu[CYyKaMBar¦.
Tal;Etem:agR)aMbIeTIbKat;RtLb;mkvij. eBlenH Kat;mkCamYysVamIrbs;Kat;. pitF½r
RtÚv)anTajecjBIbnÞb;sáak RtÚv)aneCrRbeTcy:ag\tGasUr nig RbmafCaxøaMg³ ekμgrbuilrb:Uc
critminCaebI ekμgGnafaminl¥ KMrUGaRkk; Gan; eKG‘ÍecH m:ahÁút eKG‘ÍcuH. ´minGacsþab;B¤GVIepSg
eToteT.
* GacCaBaküniyaysMedAeTAerOgelçanGUeb:r:a rbs; m:UhSat cMNgeCIg karcab;BRgt;BI dw sWr:aKøIGU.

270 Gan;E®hVg
GVI²TaMgGs; hak;dUcCas¶b;s¶at;CafμIenAéf¶enH¡.
esckþIbEnßm l¶acéf¶GgÁarnigéf¶BuF mhakSRtiyanICaTIRslaj;rbs;eyIg)anEføgRBH
raCsunÞrkfaCUnCnrYmCatiTUTaMgRbeTs. mhakSRtiyanInwgyageTAsRmakRBHkay ehtuenHRTg;
nwgmanRBHraCsuxPaBl¥ sRmab;yagnivtþn_mkkan;RbeTshuløg;vij. mhakSRtiyanI)aneRbI
«
BaküdUcCa enAeBlqab;²enH eBlEdl´vilRtLb;mkvij nwgmankarrMedaHy:agqab;rh½s PaB
»
køahannigbnÞúkF¶n;F¶r .
RBHraCbnÞÚlrbs;mhakSRtiyanI RtÚv)anbnþedaysunÞrkfarbs;naykrdæm®nþI hÁWeRbnDI.
« »
elakmansMeLgqμardUckUnekμg rhUtdl;m:ak;)anniyaytamsPavKtifa GU+ GñkbYs Edlc,as;
Cax©IsMeLgBIelak eGEdl )anbBa©b;BaküedayesñI[RBHCam©as;emIlEfrkSaCnCati CVIhV mnusS
TaMgGs;enAkñúgCMrMRbmUlpþMú nig mnÞIrXMuXaMg nig GñkRKb;KñaEdleFVIkarenARbeTsGaløWm:g;.

XIFI smøaj;/
cab;taMgBI´TukecalRbGb;eGtcayrbs;´ edayrYmmansøab):akkarbs;´pg enACan;xag
elI ehIy´minRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[rMxanmnusScas;enAkñúgGMLúgeBlBYkeKedkmYyRseLt ¬rhUt
dl;em:agBIrnigsamsibnaTI¦ ńwgRtÚvcat;karsresrsMbuRtedayeRbIexμAédvij.
\LÚvenH ´rvl;Nas;. ´minmaneBlRKb;RKan;edIm,IbBa©b;KMnrkargarrbs;´)aneT. etI´
GacR)ab;ÉgRtÜs²GMBIGVIEdl´RtÚveFVI)aneT? EmnehIy niyayG‘Ícwg ´RtÚvbBa©b;karGan
esovePARbvtþiCIvitrbs; hÁalIlIGU hÁalIeL PaKTImYy[)anmunéf¶Es¥keRBaH´RtÚvRbKl;va[eTA
bNÑal½yvij. ´)ancab;epþImGanvakalBImSilmij ehIy)anGandl;TMB½rTI220ehIy.
esovePAenaH man320TMB½r. dUecñH ´GacnwgGancb;. enAs)aþh_eRkay ´RtÚvGanesovePA
« »
RbeTs):aeLsÞInenApøÚvbMEbk nigesovePA háalIeL PaKTIBIr. eRkABIenH´)anGancb;esovePA
CIvRbvtþirbs;RBHecAGFiraC qals_ V kalBImSilmij ehIyénARtÚverobcMtaragBgSavlICa
eRcIn Edl´)anRbmUlTuknigkMNt;RtaEdl´)ansresr. bnÞab;mk ´manBakübreTscMnYnbITMB½r
EdldkRsg;ecjBIesovePAepSg²rbs;´ ehIy´RtÚvcmøgTukTaMgGs; TenÞj[caMngi Ganva[B¤².
TIbYn taraPaBynþrbs;´sßitkñúgsPaBRcbUkRcbl;mYy ehIycaM)ac;RtÚverobcM[)anl¥ b:uEnþ
edaysarvaRtÚvkareBlevlaeRcInéf¶edIm,IerobcM ehIysa®sþacarü Gan; ¬dUcEdlnag)an

niyayeRscehIy¦ GaRs½yeTAelIRtecokrbs;nag enAkñúgkargarenH taraTaMgenaHnwgRTaMenAkñúg
PaBRcbUkRcbl;mYyry³eBlEvgeTot. bnÞab;mkeTotman suIhSúIs GuIdwpWs epelIs GUhVWs
caswn nig Eh‘rKuels kMBugEtrg;caM[éTAerobcM[)anc,as;las;l¥ gayyl;eRBaHskmμPaB
epSg²rbs;BYkeKkMBugEtRcLMbl;eBjxYrk,alrbs;´ eRbóbdUcCaGMe)aHeRcInBN’enAelIsemøók
bMBak;G‘Ícwg. m:ayrwn nig hVIedos k¾TamTar[ýkcitþTukdak;CabnÞan;Edr ebIBMuenaHeT ńwgePøc
Gs;ehIyfa nwgRtÚvcgcaMerOgTaMgenaHy:agdUcemþc? Ca]TahrN_enaH erOgs®gÁamR)aMBIrqñaM
nigerOgs®gÁamR)aMbnY qñaM k¾tRmÚv[mankarykcitTþ ku dak;BÍ dUcKñaEdr. \LÚvenH éFV[I GV²I RKb;
y:agRcLÚkRcLMcUlKñaGs;ehIy. EmnehIy etIÉgGaceFVIy:agem:ceTACamYynwgkarcgcaMEdl´
man¡ sUmÉgnwkKiteTAemIlfa etIńwgePøceRcIndl;fañ k;NaeTA enAeBl´manGayuEb:tsibqñaeM naH¡.
GU+ enAmanerOgmYyeTot. enaHKWRBHKm<Ir. etIńwgRtÚvcMNayeBlb:unμaneTATRmaM´Gandl;
erOg s‘UhSaNa kMBugEtgUtTwkenaH? ehIyetIeKcg;mann½yfadUcemþceTA cMeBaHBakü sUdUm83 nig
ehÁam½rra:s84? GU+¡ vaenAmanerOgeRcInEmnETn eRcInTal;EtRtÚvRsavRCavnigeronsURt. ehIy
enAkñúgeBlCamYyKñaenaH ´)anTukecalerOgsaLÚténRbeTs):aeLsÞIn.
XIFI eGIy etIÉgGacdwgb¤k¾mindwgfa xøÜnénHeBjENneTAedayerOgcg;pÞúHeTAehIy?
ehIy\LÚvenH ´manerOgepSgeTotnwgniyay. Ég)andwgyUrNas;mkehIyfa bMNg
FMbMputrbs;´ KWcg;køayxøÜnCaGñkkaEst nig CaGñkniBn§d¾l,Il,ajmYyrUbenAeBlbnÞab;mkeTot.
eyIgnwgrg;caMemIlsinfa etIKMnitrevIrvay ¬b¤KMnitPan;RcLM¡¦ d¾Gs©arüTaMgenHnwgkøayeTACakarBit
Edrb¤Gt; b:uEnþrhUtmkTl;eBlenH ´minxVHRbFanbTsresreT. enAkñúgkrNINamYyenaHbnÞab;BI
«
s®gÁam)ancb; ćg;e)aHBum<esovePAEdlmancMNgeCIgfa GKarbEnßmsm¶at; . eyIgnwgRtÚv »
rg;caMemIlsinfa etIvaGacnwgmaneCaKC½yEdrb¤eT b:uEnþ esovePAkMNt;ehturbs;ńwgRtÚvykmk

eRbIR)as;CamUldæan.
« »
´k¾caM)ac;RtÚvEtbBa©be; rOg CIvti rbs; eXDI . b:un~anQutcugeRkay´)anRbDitTaMgRsug.
83 RkúgcMNas;mYyenARbeTs):aeLsÞIn. enAkñúgKm<Iretsþam:g;cas;)ansresrfa RkúgenHRtÚv)anbMpøajCamYyRkúg
ehÁm½rras edaysarEtPaBeXareXAnigKμanKuNFm’rbs;va.
8 4 Rkúgcas;mYyenARbeTs):aeLsÞIn enAEk,rRkúgsUdUm. tamry³Km<Iretsþam:g;cas;)ansresrfa RkúgenHRtÚv)an
bMpøajedaysarePøIg BIeRBaHPaBeXareXArbs;va.
272 Gan;E®hVg
bnÞab;BI)anBüa)alenAÉmnÞIreBTü eXDI )anvilRtLb;mkpÞHvij ehIybnþsresreTAkan; hans_

eTot. eBlenaHKWenAqñaM1941 ehIynag eXDI cMNayeBlminyUrb:unμaneT k¾)andwgBIsmancitþ
rbs; hans_ cMeBaHBYkNahSú.I ehIyedaysar eXDI mankþ)I armÖya: gRCaleRCAcMeBaHvibtþri bs;
CnCati CVhI V nig mitþrbs;Kat;eQμaH m:arIGan; GñkTaMgBIrk¾cab;epþImXøatecjBIKñaCabeNþIr². BYkeK
CYbKñanigmkenACamYyKñaCafμI b:uEnþ)anEckpøÚvKña enAeBl hans_ )anRtÚvrU:vCamYyRsIepSgmñak;
eTot. eXDI rn§t;citþBn;eBkNas; ehIyedayKat;cg;mankargarl¥eFVIenaH Kat;)ansikSaEpñkxag
eBTü. bnÞab;BIbBa©b;karsikSa Kat;)anTTYltMENgCaKilanubdæayika enAmnÞIreBTürebgmYykñúg
RbeTssVIs tamkarCRmujrbs;mitþPkþi«BukKat;. enAkñúgGMLúgeBlvisSmkalelIkdMbUgrbs;
Kat; Kat;)aneFVIdMeNIreTAkan;bwgkUmU EdlKat;)anCYb hans_ enATIenaH. hans_ )anR)ab;Kat;fa
kalBIBIrqñaMmunenH Kat; ¬hans_¦ )anerobkarCamYy®sþIeRkay bnÞab;BI eXDI b:uEnþ)anniyayfa
Priyarbs;Kat;enaHmanCIviteBareBjedaykarBi)akcitþ. \LÚvKat;)anCYb eXDI v½yekμgrbs;
Kat;CafμIeTotehIy. Kat;dwgfa Kat;Rslaj; eXDI xøaMgdl;fñak;Na ehIy)ansþIdNþwgsMuerobkar
CamYy eXDI CafμImþgeTot. eXDI )anbdiesF eTaHbICaKat;mincg;eFVIdUecñHkþI. eXDI enAEt
Rslaj;Kat;dUcBImun b:uEnþ emaTkPaBrbs;Kat;)anTb;citþKat;min[TTYlkarsþIdNþwgrbs; hans_
eLIy. hans_ cakecjeTAq¶ay ehIyCaeRcInqñaMbnÞab;mk eXDI dwgfa hans_ )aneTAenAGg;eKøs
EdlKat;kMBugEtts‘Urs;CamYysuxPaBminrwgbuwgrbs;Kat;.
enAeBl eXDI GayuémÖR)aMBIrqñaM Kat;)anerobkarCamYybursGñkmanmkBICnbTmñak; Edl
maneQμaHfa saymuin. Kat;kan;EtmancitþduHdalRslaj;bursenaH b:uEnþminxøaMgdUcRslaj;
hans_ eT. eXDI mankUnRsIBIrnak; nig kUnRbúsmñak;. kUnTaMgbIenaHmaneQμaH lILan CUDIs nig
nIkU. eXDI nig saymuin mansuPmgÁlkñúgkarrs;enACamYyKña b:uEnþ hans_ enAEtGenÞaltam
GarmμNr_ bs;Kat; rhUtdl;manyb;my Y enaH Kat;yl;sbþei XIj hans_ ehIyKat;kl¾ abursEdl
CaKUesñhc_ as;enaHeTA. minEmnCaerOgmenaseBa©tnaeT \tn½yeT KWEp¥kelIdMeNIrCIvitrbs;):a
CaRKwH.

XIFI smøaj;/
mSilmijKWCaéf¶keM NItrbs;)a: éf¶bN
u üxYbGaBah_BBi ah_KRmb;db;R)aMbnY qñarM bs;)a: nigm:ak;
éf¶KμanRsþIGñke)assm¥at>>>ehIyRBHGaTitükMBugEtbeBa©jBnøWy:agciBa©acciEBa©g CaelIkdMbUg
qñaM1944. edImeqsþNat; rbs;eyIgmansuT§EtpáarIksÁússÁay. vamansøwkduHCaeRcIn ehIy
emIleTAvas¥atCagkalBIqñaMeTA.
):aTTYlesovePACIvRbvtþirbs; lInNakWs BIelak ekøm:g; esovePAsþIBIFmμCati BIelak
« »
XuKø½r esovePA ERBkCIkénTIRkúg GamsÞWdam BI DusEsl RbGb;d¾EsnFMmYyBIRKÜsar v:an;
daGan ¬RbGb;enaHRtÚv)anx©b;y:ags¥at ehIyvaRbEhlCaRtÚvx©b;edaymnusSCMnajmñak;ehIy
emIleTA¦. RbGb;enaHmans‘utbIRKab; RsaebormYydb TwkedaHeKaCUrmYyRkL nigRkvat;kBN’
ébtgmYy. sárrgU ¬sárEdlrMgas;esÞIrePøIgeFVI[rav²¦ rbs;eyIg hak;dUcCaElgsMxan;. páa
kULabrbs;´beBa©jkøiny:agGs©arü ebIeRbobeFobeTAnwgpáaxaensin BN’Rkhmrbs; emob nig
ebb. Kat;RtÚv)aneKykcitþTukdak;minelgeFgeLIy. nM buWTItS hV½r85 cMnYnhasib mkBIhagnM
esomwn q¶aj;EmnETn¡ ):aEcknM[BYkeyIgjúaM ehIy[RsaeboreTAburs² nigTwkedaHeKaCUrCUn
®sþI². GVI²RKb;y:agKYr[rIkrayEmnETn¡.

XIFI smøaj;/
edIm,Ipøas;bþÚrbriyakas ¬eRBaHeyIg)anniyayerOgenHyUrmkehIy¦ ´sUmniyayrMB£k
dl;karBiPakSaxøImYy rvagelaknigelakRsI v:an; daGan kalBIyb;mij.
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ BYkGaløWm:g;maneBlevlay:agbribUr edIm,IBRgwgtMbn;Gatøg;Tic
v½l ehIyBYkeKBitCaeFVIGVI²RKb;y:agtamGMNacrbs;BYkeK edIm,ITb;Tl;nwgBYkGg;eKøs. vaKYr[
PJak;ep¥IlEmn cMeBaHkarEdlfa BYkGaløWm:g;xøaMgGIemø:H¡ »
«
elak v:an; daGan³ GU+¡ )aT KYr[PJak;ep¥IlEmn¡ »
85 nMEp¥mtUc² Cajwkjab;eKtubEtgvaCaragnMexk b¤nMb‘IsÁIt CaTUeTAeKhUbvaeRkayeBlGahar.

274 Gan;E®hVg
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ vaEmnhñwgehIy¡« »
«
elak v:an; daGan³ xøaMgrhUtdl; BYkGaløWm:g;nwgQñHs®gÁamenATIbBa©b;. etIGUncg;man
n½yy:agenHb¤? »
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ BYkeKGacnwgQñH. GUnmineCOfa BYkeKnwgcaj;enaHeT . »
«
elak v:an; daGan³ bgminTan;mancemøIyeT . »
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ bgmincg;eqøIynwgsMNYrGUneT. bgEtgbeNþay[xøÜn ÉgqáÜttam
Garm~N_RKb;EteBlhñwg¡ »
«
elak v:an; daGan³ eT bgminG‘ÍcwgeT. bgEtgEtrkSacemøIyrbs;bg[mankRmitCa
Gb,brma . »
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ b:uEnþbgEtgmancemøIy ehIybgEtgEtxMRbwgbBa¢ak;faxøÜnniyay
RtÚv. EtkarTayrbs;bg minEdlRtÚveT bgdwgeT¡ . »
«
elak v:an; daGan³ rhUtmkdl;eBlenH karTsSn_Tayrbs;bgvaRtÚvBit . »
«
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ eT vaminBiteT. bgniyayfa karQøanBannwgcab;epþImqñaMmun
BYkhVaMgLg;nwgRtÚvrYcputBIs®gÁamenARtwmeBlenaH yuT§nakarGuItalI nwgRtÚvbBa©b;RtwmrdUvrga
ehIyBYkrusSIngw deNþmI kan;kab; LMEbrk_86.GU+ eT GUncaMmni Gs;eT .
»
«
elak v:an; daGan ¬sÞHú eRkakeLIg¦³ ehtuGGIV nU minQb;rkerOgbg edIm,I[mankarpøas;brÚþ ?
bgnwgbgðajGUnfa GñkNaRtwmRtÚv. éf¶NamYyGUnnwgFujRTan;cMeBaHkarcak;edatbgeTot
ehIy. bgminGacRTaMnwgkarrG‘UrTaMrbs;GUn)anmYynaTIeToteT. caMemIlNa+ éf¶NamYybgnwg
»
eFVI[GUnÉgelbsmþIvij¡ ¬cbs; kmPμ aBTmI y Y ¦.
´BitCaminGacRTaMesIck¥wk²)aneT. m:ak;k¾RTaMmin)anEdr. ehIysUm,IEt pitF½r k¾)anxaM
mat;Tb;sMeNIcEdr. GU¡+ mnusScas;TaMgenaHqáÜtEmn. BYkKat;caM)ac;RtÚveronsURtbEnßmCamunsin
munnwgmkri³Kn;ek~gCMnan;eRkay¡.
cab;taMgBIéf¶suRk eyIg)ancMhbg¥ÜcenAeBlyb;CafμImþgeTot.
86 CaTIRbCMuCnenARbeTsGaløWm:g;.
GVIEdlRKÜsarenAGKarbEnßmrbs;eyIgmancMNUlcitþ
¬karsÞabsÞg;GMBIvKÁsikSanigÉksarsRmab;Gan¦
elak v:an; daGan³ KμanvKÁsikSaGVIeT. emIlGVI²enAkñúgesovePA NarS GuInsaykøÚpiedo nig

liksuIxn. cUlcitþGanerOgesuIbGegát esovePAeBTünigerOgesñhaEdlKYr[Ck;citþ nigEdlKμan
sarsMxan;.
elakRsI v:an; daGan³ vKÁsikSaeqøIyqøgCaPasaGg;eKøs cUlcitþGanesovePARbelamelak
CIvRbvtþi ehIyCYnkalesovePARbelamelakRbePTepSgeTot.
elak E®hVg³ kMBugEteronGg;eKøs ¬Dikxins_¡¦ nigPasaLataMgbnþicbnþÜc. minEdlGan
esovePARbelamelak b:uEnþcUlcitþkarBiBN’nay:agmFü½t nigesaHkeRkaHbnþicGMBImnusSnig
RbeTs.
elakRsI E®hVg³ vKÁsikSaeqøIyqøgCaPasaGg;eKøs. GanRKb;y:agelIkElgEterOgesuIb
Gegát.
elak DusEsl³ kMBugeronGg;eKøs eGs,:aj nig huløg; edaymanlT§plminKYr[kt;
smÁal;. Kat;GanRKb;y:ag nigEtgEtenAxagmtiPaKeRcInCanic©.
pitF½r v:an; daGan³ kMBugEteronGg;eKøs )araMg ¬tamlixiteqøIyqøg¦ eronCvelxenAkñúgkar
eqøIyqøglixitBaNiC¢kmμ Pasahuløg; Gg;eKøs nig GaløWm:g; eFVIkargarCageQI esdækic© nigeBlxøH
KNitviTüa. Kat;GanesovePAtictYc EteBlxøHGanPUmiviTüa.
m:ahÁút E®hVg³ vKÁsikSaeqøIyqøgCaPasaGg;eKøs )araMg LataMg CvelxCaPasaGg;eKøs
GalømW g: ; nig hulgø ; RtIekaNmaRtsa®sþ BiCKNit FrNImaRt emkanik rUbviTüa KImvI Ti üa GkSr
sa®sþGg;eKøs GkSrsaRsþ)araMg GkSrsaRsþGaløWm:g; GkSrsaRsþhuløg; karEfrkSaesovePA
PUmvi Ti üa Rbvtþsi aRsþTeM nIb CIvviTüa esdækci .© Kat;GanRKb;ya: gedaycUlcitGþ an esovePAniyay
GMBIsasnanigeBTüCageK.
Gan; E®hVg³ eronCvelxCaPasa)araMg Gg;eKøs GalømW g: ; nig hulgø ; FrNImaRt BiCKNit
Rbvtþsi a®sþ PUmvi Ti üa Rbvtþsi a®sþsli ,³ kfaviTüa CIvviTüa Rbvtþsi aRsþRBHKm<rI GkSrsaRsþhlu gø .;
cUlcitþGanCIvRbvtþiKYr[Fujb¤KYr[rMePIbcitþ nig esovePARbvtþisaRsþ ¬eBlxøHesovePARbelam
elak nigkarGanbnþicbnþÜc¦.
276 Gan;E®hVg

XIFI smøaj;/
´minRsYlxøÜnesaH kalBImSilmij. ´k¥Üt ¬GñkTaMgGs;eTotk¾k¥ÜtEdr¦ QWk,al cukeBaH
nigQWepSgeTotEdlÉgGacKiteXIj)an. ´RKan;ebIehIyéf¶enH. ´Xøan b:uEnþ´Kitfa ńwgmin
júaMsENþkeT enAeBlbriePaKGahareBll¶ac.
GVI²TaMgGs;l¥CaeT rvag´ nig pitF½r. ekμgRbúskmSt;enH RtÚvkarPaBfñak;fñmxøaMgCagéTA
eTot. Kat;enAEtRkhmmuxedaykareGoneRbonerogral;l¶ac eBlKat;TTYlkarefIblaenAeBl
yb; ehIybnÞab;mkGgVr[éfIbmYyxSWteTot. etI´RKan;EtCamnusSmanRbeyaCn_mñak;CMnYsqμa
bUc b:ueNÑaHb¤? ´minRbkan;GVIeT. Kat;rIkrayNas; enAeBlKat;dwgfa manmnusSRslaj;Kat;.
bnÞab;BIRbLÚknwgkargar ´dkxøÜnbnþicBIsßanPaBenH b:uEnþ ÉgminRtÚvKitfaesckþIRslaj;
rbs;ÉlgsUvKYr[cab;GarmμN_enaHeT. pitF½r KWCamnusSEdl´Rslaj; b:uEnþ´)anbiTTVar
ebHdUgrbs;éhIy. ebIKat;cg;bgçMKas;esacUlmkmþgeTot Kat;nwgRtÚveRbIEdkKas;kan;Etrwg
Cagmun¡.

XIFI smøaj;/
yb;mij bnÞab;BI´vilRtLb;mkBIbnÞb;sáakvij ehIyeTIbEtQancUlkñúgbnÞb; éXIjfUpáa
xaensin d¾KYr[Rslaj;enaHFøak;cuHmkeRkam. m:ak;lutCgÁg;CUtTwk ehIy m:ahÁút erIsRkdas
« »
rbs;´BIelI\dæ. ´)ansaksYredaykþI)armÖfa etImanerOgGVIekIteLIg? . muneBlBYkeKeqøIy
sMNYrenH ´)anvaytémøkarxUcxatEdlmanenAkñúgbnÞb;. ÉksarBgSavlITaMgGs;rbs;´
esovePAsresrkMNt;cMNaMrbs;´ esovePArbs;´ nigGVI²epSgeTotTTwkeCakTaMgGs;. ´swg
EtERskyM ehIy´rkaMcitþCaxøaMg rhUtdl;ńiyayPasaGaløWm:g;ecjmk. ´minGaccaMGVIEdl´
)anniyayenaHmYyBaküeT b:uEnþ ebItam m:ahÁút niyayfa ´)anniyayPasaGaløWm:g;kEkkkr
« »
GMBI karxatbg;minGacKNna KYr[xøac GaRkk; minGacrkGVICMnYs)an nigBaküepSg²eTot.
):a)anpÞúHsMeNIc ehIym:ak; nig m:ahÁút k¾cUlrYmesIcEdr b:uEnþ´manGarmμN_cg;EtyMeT eRBaH
kargarnigkMNt;Rtalm¥itTaMgGs;rbs;´RtÚv)an)at;bg;Kμansl;. édIrcUleTAemIlkan;EtCit
« »
ehIyCasMNagl¥ karxatbg;\tKNna minCaF¶n;F¶rdUcńwkKitenaHeT. enAeBleLIgdl;bnÞb;
sáak ´bkRkdasEdls¥itCab;KñaecjmYysnøwkmþg² y:agykcitþTukdak; ehIybnÞab;mkykeTA
BüÜrelIsñÜhalexaGav edIm,Ihalva[s¶Üt. vamanTidæPaBKYr[Gs;sMeNIcEmnETn rhUtdl;´
xøÜnÉgk¾esIcEdr. RkdasniyayBI m:aero dW emDIsuI enAEk,rnwg qals_ V vIlelom GhV GUern©
nig m:arI Gant½rENt.
«
elak v:an; daGan )anniyaykMEbøgfa vaKWCakarRbmafdl;PaBbrisuT§énBUCsasn_ . »
bnÞab;BI´TukRkdas[ pitF½r CYyemIlcat;Ecg ´k¾)ancuHeTACan;eRkammþgeTot. ´)ansYr

«
m:ahÁút EdlBinitüemIlesovePAfa etIxUcesovePANaxøH? . »
« » «
m:ahÁút )anniyayfa esovePABiCKNit . b:uEnþCasMNagl¥esovePA BiCKNit rbs; »
´minxUcxatTaMgRsugeT. ´bn;fa vaKYrEtFøak;cUleTAkñúgfUl¥Cag. ´minEdls¥b;esovePANadUc

esovePAenaHeT. enAelIKRmbxagmuxmaneQμaHekμgRsIy:agehacNas;émÖnak; Edl)anGanvaBI
munmk. esovePAenaHcas;eLIgBN’elOg ehIymansuT§EtsñamKUsvas manBaküKUsecal nig
karEktRmÚvepSg². enAeBleRkay ebI´manGarmμNm_ ni l¥ ńwgEhkesovePAcéRgenaH[exÞcxÞ¡I .
éf¶c½nÞ TI22 Ex]sPa qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
kalBIéf¶T2I 0 Ex]sPa ):a)anPñal;caj;eK ehIyRtÚv[TwkedaHeKaCUrR)aMRkLeTAelakRsI
v:an; daGan. karcUlQøanBanminTan;cab;epþImenAeLIy. ´GacniyayminxuseLIyfa TIRkúg
GamsÞdW am TaMgmUl RbeTshulgø T; aMgmUl tamBiteTAenaH tMbn;smuRTxaglicTaMgmUlénTVbI GWrbu:
rhUtdl;RbeTseGs,:aj kMBugEtnaMKñaniyayGMBIkarQøanBanTaMgéf¶TaMgyb; CECkEvkEjk
Pñal;Kña nig>>>esckþIsgÇwm.
GarmμN_tantwg)aneLIgdl;kRmitxøaMgbMput. mnusSRKb;KñaEdleyIgKitfaCaRbCaCn
huløg;d¾l¥enaH minmanCMenOcMeBaHBYkGg;eKøsTal;EtesaH. eKRKb;KñaminKitfa karsmøútrbs;
Gg;eKøs CacMNat;karsVahab;enaHeT. GU+¡ eT RbCaCnRtÚvkarskmμPaBBit² KWskmμPaBkøahan
nigGs©arü.
ElgmannrNamñak;emIleXIjhYsBIcugRcmuHrbs;xøÜneTotehIy. KμannrNamñak;pþl;KMnit
278 Gan;E®hVg
cMeBaHkarBitEdlfa BYkGg;eKøskMBugEtRbyuT§edIm,IRbeTsnigRbCaCnrbs;BYkeKpÞal;enaH
eLIy.
mnusSRKb;KñaKitfa vaCaParkic©rbs;Gg;eKøs EdlRtÚvse®gÁaHhuløg;[)anqab;rh½stam
EdlGaceFVIeTA)an. etIBYkGg;eKøsmankatBVkic©GVIeTAcMeBaHBYkeyIg? etICnCatihuløg;eFVIGVIxøH
edIm,I[skþismnwgTTYlCMnYysb,úrsEdlBYkeKkMBugEtsgÇwmy:agc,as;RkELtenaH? GU+¡ eT¡
RbCaCnhuløg;yl;RcLMFMNas;. ebITukCamankarsmøútKMramrbs;BYkGg;eKøsk¾eday k¾BYkeKBit
CaKμanGVIRtÚvbenÞasBIerOgs®gÁameRcInCagRbeTsdéTeTot TaMgtUcTaMgFM Edlbc©úb,nñRtÚvkan;kab;
edayGaløWm:g;eLIy. BYkGg;eKøsnwgminbgðaj[eXIjkarsMueTasrbs;BYkeKeT. CakarBitehIy
BYkeK)ansmM¶es¶ómkñúgry³eBlCaeRcInqñaM eBlEdlBYkGaløWm:g;kMBugEtbMBak;GavuFTMenIb²[
kgT½Brbs;xøÜn b:uEnþRbeTsTaMgGs;epSgeTot CaBiessRbeTsEdlenACab;RBMEdnGaløWm:g; k¾kMBug
lg;lk;Edr. Gg;eKøsnigRbeTsepSgeTotenAkñúgBiPBelakdwgfa kareFVICamindwgminB¤enaHmin
)ankarGVIeT ehIy\LÚvenH RbeTsnImYy² BiessGg;eKøs )ankMBugbg;karcMNayy:agx<s;
cMeBaHneya)ayminRbQmmuxnwgsßankarN_lM)akF¶n;F¶r.
KμanRbeTsNamYyeRtomlHbg;mnusSrbs;xøÜnTeT²enaHeT ehIyCaBiesslHbg;edIm,I
plRbeyaCn_GñkdéT. ehIyRbeTsGg;eKøsk¾minGaceKcputBIkrNIenHEdr. karcUlQøanBan
karrMedaH nig esrIPaB nwgekItmanenAéf¶NamYy b:uEnþRbeTsGg;eKøs EdlminEmnCaTwkdIRtÚv
kan;kab;nwgqk;»kasenH.
eyIgmankaresaksþaynigRsgakcitþxøaMgNas; enAeBldwgfa mnusSCaeRcIn)anpøas;bþÚr
\riyabfrbs;BYkeKcMeBaHBYkeyIgEdlCaCnCatiCVIhV. eyIgTTYldMNwgfa lT§iRbqaMgRbCaCati
CVIhV )anekItmanenAkñúgmCÄdæanepSg²EdlkalBImunminFøab;RtÚv)aneKKitKUrdl;. karBitEbbenH
man\T§iBlmkelIBYkeyIgxøaMgEsnxøaMg. ehutplénkars¥b;ex<ImenHKWGacyl;)an sUm,IEtkñúg
cMeNammnusSTUeTAk¾eday b:uEnþerOgenaHminRtwmRtÚveT. BYkRKisþsasnik)anbenÞasBYkCVIhVfa
)anraykarN_karsm¶at;rbs;BYkeKR)ab;BYkGaløWm:g; bkGaRkatGñkCYypgxøÜn ehIybNþal[
eKÉgCYbRbTHeCaKvasna nig karsgswkd¾KYr[rn§t; EdlmnusSCaeRcIn)anTTYlrgrYcehIy.
erOgTaMgGs;enHKWCaerOgBit. b:uEnþ Tak;TgnwgGVI²TaMgGs; BYkRKisþsasnikKYrEtsmøwgemIl
bBaðamYyTaMgsgxag. etIBYkRKisþsasniknwgeFVIxusBIenHeT ebIsinCaBYkeKsßitenAkñúgsßanPaB
dUcCaBYkeyIg? minfaCaCVIhVb¤RKisþsasnikeT etImannrNaGacenAs¶at;es¶óm)an cMeBaHmuxkar
Kabsgát;rbs;GaløWm:g;enaH? mnusSRKb;Kñadwgfa vaBitCaminGaceTArYceT dUecñHcuHehtuGVI)anCa

BYkeKesñI[CnCatiCVIhVeFVIGVIEdlBYkeKminGaceFVIeTArYcG‘Ícwg?
enAkñúgmCÄdæansm¶at; eKxSwbexSóvkñúgcMeNamBYkGñkts‘Ufa BYkCVIhVGaløWm:g;EdleFVI
GenþaRbevsn_mkenAhuløg; muneBls®gÁam ehIy\LÚvRtÚv)aneKbBa¢ÚneTARbeTsb:ULÚjenaH nwg
BMuRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[vilRtLb;mkTIenH ¬huløg;¦ eT. BYkeKRtÚv)anpþl;siT§i[RCkekanenARbeTs
huløg; b:uEnþenAeBlEdl GuIEtør søab;eTABYkeKKYrEtvilRtLb;eTAenAGaløWm:g;vij.
enAeBlÉgB¤dUecñH ÉgmuxCacab;epþImmancm¶l;fa ehtuGVIeyIgeFVIs®gÁamd¾lM)aknigyUr
GEgVgEbbenH. eKEtgR)ab;eyIgfa eyIgkMBugEtRbyuT§edIm,IesrIPaB karBit nig yutþiFm’¡
s®gÁamenAminTan;cb;eT ehIyeKeXIjmanCaeRscnUvkarminyl;RsbKñay:agxøaMg ehIyBYkCVIhV
RtÚv)aneKcat;TukCamnusSminsMxan;. GU+¡ vaeRkomRkMenaHeRkomRkMNas;eTAehIy. GVIEdl «
RKisþsasnikmñak;eFVI KWkarTTYlxusRtÚvpÞal;rbs;eK GVIEdlCnCatiCVIhVmñak;eFVI vaqøúHbBa©aMgBICnCati

»
CVIhVTaMgGs; .
niyaytamRtg; ´Gt;yl;eTfa etIBYkhuløg;EdlCaRbCaCatimYyeTogRtg; esμaHRtg; nig
l¥eTACamanKMnitmYyEbbenHmkelIeyIg. BYkeKeFVIdUecñHmkelIBYkeyIgEdlCamnusSRtÚveKKab
sgát; sMNagGaRkk; nigKYr[GaNitbMputkñúgelakeyIgenH.
´mankþsI gÇwmEterOgmYyKt;KfW a ninañ karRbqaMgCVhI nV gw GacknøgputeTA TIbpM tu RbCaCnhulgø ;
nwgbgðajBN’sm,úrBitrbs;BkY eK menaseBa©tnarbs;eKnwgminfmfyeLIyenAéf¶enH b¤éf¶GnaKt
eRBaHGVIEdlekItmanenH KWvaminyutþiFm’¡.
ehIyebIsinCaPaBs¥b;ex<ImenH elceLIg[eXIjBitR)akd CnCatiCVIhVmYycMnYntUcEdl
enAesssl;kñúgTwkdIhuløg;nwgRtÚvcakecjeTA¡ BYkeyIgnwgRtÚv»bbegVc ehIybnþeFVIdMeNIrecj
BIRbeTsd¾Rss;s¥atenHEdlFøab;)anTTYleyIg[rs;enA ehIy\LÚvERbCaEbrxñgminrvl;nwg
eyIgeTAvij.
´Rslaj;RbeTshuløg;. manmþgenaH ´sgÇwmfa vanwgkøayCaTwkdIkMeNItrbs;´ eRBaH´
)an)at;bg;sBa¢atiedImrbs;éTAehIy. ehIyénAEtsgÇwmEbbenaHeTot¡.
280 Gan;E®hVg

XIFI smøaj;/
ebb )anP¢ab;BaküehIy¡ dMNwgenHminmanGVIKYrPJak;ep¥IleT eTaHbICaBYkeyIgKμannrNamñak;
sb,ayrIkraynwgerOgenHkþI. bWTUs KWCabursv½yekμgmaMmYn nwgnr nigl¥mñak; b:uEnþ ebb Gt;
Rslaj;Kat;eT ehIytameyabl;´ enaHKWCaehtuplRKb;RKan;mYyEdl´KYrEtR)ab;dl;Kat;kMu[
erobkarCamYy bWTUs.
ebb Büayamcg;mankarrIkceRmInenAkñúgBiPBelakeyIgenH cMENk bWTUs vij ecHEtraraMg
Kat;. bWTUs KWCakmμkrmYyrUbEdlKμanykcitþTukdak;nwgGVITaMgGs; ehIyBMumanqnÞ³eFVIGVImYyeday
sñaédxøÜnKat;pÞal;eT. ´KitfaerOgenaHmineFVI[ ebb sb,aycitþeLIy. ´Gacyl;BIcMNg;rbs;
ebb edIm,IbBa©bs; aß nPaBminGacseRmccit)þ anrbs;Kat; kalBIbnY s)aþhk_ nøgeTAKat;)anseRmc
citQþ b;xlV n; gw bWTsU . b:Eu nþeRkaymkKat;manGarmμNk_ an;EtGaRkk;CagenaHeTot. edayehtuenH
Kat;)ansresrsMbuRtmYyc,ab;eTA[ bWTUs ehIy\LÚvenHBYkeKk¾)anP¢ab;BaküCamYyKña.
manktþaCaeRcInBak;B½n§enAkñúgkarP¢ab;BaküenH. TImYy KW«BukmanCMgWrbs; ebb Rslaj;
cUlcitþ bWTUs xøaMgNas;. TIBIr Kat;KWCakUnRsIc,grbs;RKÜsar v:UsÁÚ ehIym:ak;rbs;Kat;)an
cMGn;Kat;fa CakUnRkmMucas;minTan;erobkar. TIbI ebb eTIbnwgQandl;GayuémÖbYnqñaM ehIyva)an
eFVI[Kat;xVl;xVayNas;.
m:ak;)anniyayfa vanwgRbesIrCagebI ebb RKan;EtmanTMnak;TMngesñhaCamYy bWTUs.
´mindwgerOgGVITaMgGs; ´manGarmμN_GaNit ebb ehIy´Gacyl;BIPaBkeNþackENþgrbs;Kat;.
eTaHy:agNakþI BYkeKerobkarCamYyKñabnÞab;BsI ®gÁam)anbBa©b; eRBaH bWTsU kMBgu Etrs;enAlak;xnÜø
b¤CagenHeTotenaH Kat;)aneTAenAeRkamdI. eRkABIenH BYkeKKμanluymYyesn b¤KμanGVIRtÚvsgÇwm
eT. TsSnvis½yKYr[GaNitEmn sRmab; ebb CamnusSEdlBYkeyIgbYgsYg[)anl¥bMput.
´RKan;EtsgÇwmfa bWTUs nwgl¥RbesIreLIg eRkam\T§iBlrbs; ebb b¤k¾ ebb Gacrk)anbursmñak;
epSgeTot EdlecH[témødl; ebb¡.
enAéf¶dEdl
manerOgekIteLIgCaerogral;éf¶. enARBwkenH elak v:an; hUvin RtÚv)ancab;xøÜnedaysar
Kat;)anlak;bMBYnCnCatiCVIhVBIrnak;enAkñúgpÞHrbs;Kat;. vaKWCaerOgrn§t;xøaMgNas;sRmab;eyIg
minRtwmEtBIeRBaHCnCatiCVIhVd¾kmSt;TaMgenaHsßitenAmat;eRCaHd¾EsneRCACafμImþgeToteT b:uEnþ
BIeRBaHenHCaerOgd¾KYr[rn§t;pgEdr sRmab;elak v:an; hUvin.
BiPBelak)anRkLab;cak;Gs;ehIy. mnusSEdlKYr[eKarBbMput kMBugRtÚv)aneKbBa¢ÚneTA
kan;CMrMRbmUlpþMú Bn§naKar nig KuktUc²dac;BIeKÉg xN³EdlmnusSTabefakbMput RKb;RKgGñk
mannigGñkRk ekμgnigcas;. GñkxøHRtÚvcab;xøÜnBIbTBak;B½n§TIpSarggwt GñkepSgeTotRtÚvcab;xøÜn
BIbT)anlak;bMBYnCnCatiCVIhV b¤ mnusSsMNagGaRkk;epSgeTot. ebIÉgminEmnCaBYkNahSúIeT
Égmindwgfa nwgmanGVIekIteLIg BIém:¶eTAém:¶ cMeBaHÉgeT.
elak v:an; hUvin KWCakar)at;bg;d¾FMeFgmYysRmab;BYkeyIgpgEdr. ebb RbEhlCamin
GacCBa¢ÚndMLÚgd¾eRcInEbbenHeTARKb;kEnøgenATIenH)aneT ehIyKat;minKYrRtÚveFVIdUecñHEdr. dUecñH
CeRmIsEtmYyKt;rbs;eyIgKW júaMdMLÚg[ticCagmun. ńwgR)ab;Égfa etIeyIg)anKitGVIenAkñúg
KMnit b:uEnþ vaR)akdCanwgmineFVI[CIvitenATIenH kan;EtKYr[rIkrayCagmuneT. m:ak;niyayfa
eyIgnwgmin)ac;júaMGahareBlRBwkeT júaMGaharFBaØCatiekþA² nig nMb½ugenAeBlGaharéf¶Rtg;
ehIyjúaMdMLÚgeconenAeBlGahareBll¶ac ehIyebIGaceTArYcenaH eyIgjúaMbEnøb¤saladmþgb¤
BIrdgkñúgmYyéf¶)anehIy. erOgenaH manEtb:uNÑwgÉg. eyIgnwgXøan b:uEnþvaminCaGaRkk;Cag
RtÚveKcab;xøÜneT.

XIFI smøaj;/
enATIbMput ´maneBlGgÁúyy:ages¶óms¶at;enAtuBImuxRbeLaHbg¥Üc ehIysresrR)ab;Ég
RKb;y:agEdlćg;niyayecjmk.
´kan;EtmanGarmμN_evTnaenAkñúgry³eBlb:unμanExenH. eTaHbICaeRkayeBlmanecarcUl
Kas;pÞHkþI ´minEdlRtÚveFVI[exøacpSaTaMgpøÚvkaynigpøÚvcitþdl;fñak;enHeT. mü:agerOg v:an; hUvin
bBaðaCnCatiCVIhV ¬EdlRtÚv)anBiPakSay:aglm¥itedaymnusSRKb;Kañ enAkñgú pÞH¦ karQøanBan ¬Edl
282 Gan;E®hVg
enAyUrNas;TRmaMmkdl;¦ Gaharminl¥ PaBtantwg briyakasd¾evTna karxkcitrþ bs;ćMeBaH pitF½r.

mü:ageTotenaH vamanerOgP¢ab;Bakürbs; ebb BiFICb;elogenAbuNüRbmUlpl pinFIxs87 erOgpáa
xYbkMeNItrbs;elak XuKø½r nMexk nig erOgr:avrbs;BYkGñkEtgceRmogPaBynþ nig karRbKMut®nþI.
karXøatKñad¾EsnFMenaH EtgEtekItmanenATIenH. éf¶mYy eyIgkMBugEtesIcy:agk¥akk¥aycMeBaH
CIvitlak;xøÜnd¾kMbøúkkMEbøgenH ehIyéf¶bnÞab;mk ¬éf¶EbbenHmaneRcInNas;¦ eyIgmanesckþIP½y
xøac karfb;)armÖ PaBtantwgnigPaBGs;sgÇwm )anelceLIgenAelIépÞmuxrbs;eyIg ehIyeFVI[
eyIgGackt;smÁal;)an.
emob nig elak XuKr½ø )anTTYlrgbnÞkú FMeFgNas; sRmab;eyIgnigGñkTaMgGs;Kañ EdlkMBgu
Etlak;xøÜn. emob manbnÞúkkñúgRKb;kic©karEdlKat;eFVI ehIy XuKø½r vij mankarTTYlxusRtÚvFM
sem,ImNas; cMeBaHBYkeyIgTaMgR)aMbInak;. eBlxøH bnÞúkenaHFMeFgelIslb;rhUtdl;Kat;esÞIr
EtminGacniyayecjGMBIPaBtantwgnigkarRBÜy)armÖEdlenAENneBjedImRTÚgrbs;Kat;.
elak ekømg: ; nig ebb k¾EfTaMeyIg)any:agl¥Nas;Edr b:Eu nþ BYkeKGacRsLHGarmμNB_ GI KarbEnßm
eTaHbICavaRKan;EtsRmab;BIrbIem:ag b¤k¾BIrbIéf¶kþI. BYkeKmankarRBÜy)armÖpÞal;xøÜnrbs;BYkeK.
elak ekøm:g; xVl;nwgerOgsuxPaB cMENkÉ ebb )armÖcMeBaHkarP¢ab;Bakürbs;Kat; EdlemIleTA
KμanGVIKYr[sgÇwmesaHenAeBlenH. b:uEnþ BYkeKk¾mankaredIrehIrecjeRkA kareTAelgmitþPkþi
CIvitRbcaMéf¶dUcmnusSsamBaØ. emø:aHehIy PaBtantwgxagpøÚvGarmμN_rbs;BYkeK eBlxøHk¾FUr
es,IyEdr. sUm[eyIg)anG‘ÍcwgEtmYyEPøtk¾Gs;citþEdr b:uEnþpÞúyeTAvijCIviteyIgminEdl)an
<
EbbenHesaH sUm,IEtmþgk¾minFøab;manpg enAkñúgry³eBlBIrqñaMEdleyIgenATIenH. etITukçd¾Esn

F¶n;minGacs‘URTaM)an nigKabsgát;enHnwgrYmrwtxøÜneyIgdl;GgáaleTA?
RbB½n§bgðÚrTwksÞHeTotehIy. eyIgminGacebIkTwkbgðÚr)aneT ehIyebIebIk)anvij vak¾
RKan;EtRsk;tk;²b:ueNÑaH. eyIgminGacbgðÚrTwklagbgÁn;eT emø:aHehIyeyIgRtÚvEteRbIRcasdus
bgÁn; eyIg)ancak;TwkKRKiccUleTAkñúgBagd¾FM. eyIgGacedaHRsay)ansRmab;éf¶enH b:uEnþ etI
manGVInwgekIteLIgeTA ebICagCYsCulminGacCYsCulbMBg;Twk)anedayxøÜnÉgenaH? EpñkGnam½y
Tal;Etéf¶GgÁareTIbcuHmkemIl.
emob )an[eyIgnUvnMb½uglayTMBaMg)ayCUr edaymansresrGkSr rIkraybuNü «
»
pinFIxs . vaesÞIrEthak;dUcCaKat;kMBugEtesIccMGk[eyIgG‘Ícwg eRBaHGarmμN_nigkþIkgVl;rbs;
87 eQμaHbuNüRbmUlplrbs;CnCatiCVIhV Edlmanry³eBl50éf¶.
«
eyIg enAXøatq¶ayNas;BIkar sb,ayrIkray enaH. »
eyIgTaMgGs;Kñakan;EtP½yxøac bnÞab;BIdMNwgTak;Tgnwg v:an; hUvin. ÉgB¤mþgeTotehIy

« »
Bakü s‘Ut¡ ¬niyay[s¶at;¦ enARKb;kEnøg ehIyeyIgkMBugEteFVIGVI²kan;Ets¶at;Cagmun. BYk
b:UlisGacsRmúkcUlmktamTVarenATIenaH. BYkeKk¾GacsRmúkcUlmky:agRsYlEdrenATIenH¡ etI
eyIgnwgeFVy I a: gem:ceTA ebIsni CaBYkeyIgRtÚveK>>>eT ´minRtÚvsresrBaküenaHbBa©lÚ eT. b:Eu nþ
vaminbeNþayxøÜn[´rujeTAekonkenøótxYrk,aléT enAéf¶enH. pÞúyeTAvij esckþIP½yxøacpg
TaMgLayEdl´Føab;man kMBugEtelcRsemalsÞúg²mkenABImuxý:agKYr[xøac.
´RtÚvcuHeTAeRkamEtmñak;Ég enAem:agR)aMbIyb;enH edIm,IcUlbnÞb;Twk. Gt;mannrNaenA
TIenaHeT eRBaHBYkeKkMBugEtsþab;viTüú. ćg;eFVIcitþ[køahan b:uEnþvaBi)akxøaMgNas;. enACan;xag
elI ÉtgEtmansuvtßiPaBCagenApÞHs¶at;RCgMd¾FMenH. enAeBlénAEtmñak;ÉgCamYynwgsMeLg
fb;² EdleKBMuGacdwgBICan;xagelI nigsMeLggsuIebøLanenAtampøÚv ´RtÚvEtRbjab;das;etOn
xøÜnÉgfa etI´RtÚvenATINaedIm,IkMu[P½yj½rxøÜnTan;.
emob kMBugEteFVIl¥dak;eyIgkan;EteRcIneLIg cab;taMgBIKat;)anCECkKñaCamYy):a. b:uEnþ
´minTan;)anR)ab;ÉgBIerOgenaHenAeLIyeT. emob )anelcmuxeLIgenAresoléf¶mYy TaMgmux
eLIgRkhm ehIy)ansYr):aRtg;²Etmþgfa etIeyIgKitfa BYkeKcab;epþmI manninañ karRbqaMgCnCati
CVIhVnaeBlbc©úb,nñEdrb¤. ):aeLIgRsLaMgkaMg ehIyk¾niyayCamYy emob GMBIKMnitenaHecjmk
b:uEnþkarsgS½yxøH²rbs; emob BMuTan;rlay)at;TaMgRsugeT. BYkeK)anR)ab;eyIgnUverOgr:av
CaeRcIn enAeBlenH ehIyykcitþTukdak;EfmeTotcMeBaHkarxVl;RBÜyrbs;eyIg eTaHbICaeyIgBit
CaminKYrrMxanBYkeKedayykTukçesakrbs;eyIg mkr:ayr:ab;k¾eday. GU+¡ BYkeKCamnusSéføfñÚr
nigl¥xøaMgNas;¡.
écaTsYrxøÜnÉgmþgehIymþgeTotfa etIvaminkan;EtRbesIreTb¤ ebIsinCaeyIgminmklak;
xøÜn ebIeyIgsøab;enAeBlenH ehIy)anqøgkat;PaBevTnaTaMgenH CaBiessebIdUecñaHEmn BYkeK
nwgmin)ac;TTYlxusRtÚvsRmab;eyIgeToteT. b:uEnþ eyIgTaMgGs;Kñaj:aknwgKMnitEbbenH. eyIg
enAcg;rs;ranmanCIvit eyIgminTan;bMePøcnUvsUresogFmμCati ehIyeyIgenAEtbnþsgÇwmehIy
sgÇwmeTot sRmab;>>>GVI²RKb;y:ag.
sUm[GVI²vaqab;ekIteLIgeTAcuH sUm,IEtkarvayRbhartamynþehaHk¾eday. KμanGVIeFVI[
eyIgexøacpSacitþCagPaBRBÜy)armÖEbbenHeT. sUm[Qandl;TIbBa©b;eTA minfavaBi)akRTaMb¤
284 Gan;E®hVg
y:agNaeT. y:agehacNas; k¾eyIg)andwgEdrfa etIeyIgCaGñkQñH b¤k¾CaGñkcaj;.


XIFI smøaj;/
éf¶esAr_ GaTitü c½nÞ nig GgÁar vaekþAxøagM Nas; edayehtuenH ´minGackan;søab):akka
edIm,IsresrR)ab;ÉgeT. kalBIéf¶sRu k bMBg;bgðrÚ Twk)ansÞH luHdl;éf¶esAr_ vak¾RtÚv)anCYsCul.
elakRsI ekøm:g; )anmkelgBYkeyIgenAeBlresol ehIy)anR)ab;eyIgCaeRcInGMBI hSÚBI.
hSÚBI nig hSak; v:an; m:aern sßitenAkñúgkøwbkILaelgkUneKalelITwkkk. kalBIéf¶GaTitü ebb
)ancUlmkelgBYkeyIgedIm,I[dwgc,as;fa etImanecarKas;pÞHeTotEdrb¤Gt; ehIy)anenARss;
RsUbGahareBlRBwkCamYyBYkeyIg. éf¶c½nÞ Caéf¶Qb;sRmak ¬eRBaHCaéf¶buNüRbmUlpl
pinFIxs¦ elak hÁIs )anedIrtYCaGñkyamBYkGñklak;xøÜn. TIbMput enAéf¶GgÁar eyIgk¾RtÚvGnuBaØat
[ebIkbg¥Üc. eyIgkRmmanéf¶cugs)aþh_ edIm,IcUlrYmbuNü pinFIxs EdlRss;bMRBgnigmankemþA
éf¶EbbenHNas;. GU+¡ ykl¥eyIgKYrEtfavaekþAxøaMgvij. GakasFatuekþAEhgKYr[xøacNas;enA
kñúgGKarbEnßm. edIm,Ipþl;KMnit[ÉgdwgGMBIkarrG‘UrTaMCaeRcInenaH ńwgBiBN’nay:agsegçbGMBI
bNþaéf¶EdlekþAEhgTaMgenH.
« »
éf¶esAr_³ Gs©arü GakasFatuGs©arüGIemø:HeT . enHKWCaBaküEdleyIg)anlan;mat;na
eBlRBwkRBlwm. b:uEnþ luHdl;eBlresol enAeBlbg¥ÜcRtÚvbiTenaH eyIgk¾niyayfa sUmkMu «
[GakasFatuekþAxøaMgdUecñH .»
«
éf¶GaTitü³ kemþAekþAxøaMgminGacRTaM)an. bWrrlay. enAkñúgpÞHKμankEnøgNaEdlRtCak;
bnþiceT. nMb½ugeLIgeRkom. TwkedaHeKaeLIgCUrhYj. bg¥ÜcminGacebIk)an. eyIgCamnusS
)atsgÁmd¾kmSt;kBM gu Etfb;degðmI xN³EdleKTaMgGs;epSgeTotkMBgu Etsb,aynwgbuNüpinFIxs . »
¬eyagtamelakRsI v:an; daGan niyay¦.

«
éf¶c½nÞ³ ´QWeCIg. ´KμansemøókbMBak;esþIg²edIm,IesøókBak;eT. ´minGaclagcanenA
»
eRkamcMhayekþAenHeT . enHKWCaBaküEdlńiyayecjmkTaMgGarmμNm_ eY m:ACaxøagM taMgBIRBlwm
Rsag² rhUtdl;yb;eRCA. vaeFVI[y:ab;citþEmnETn.
´minGacRTaMnwgkemþAéf¶)aneT. éf¶enH´rIkrayEdlmanxül;bk;rMePIy² b:uEnþRBHGaTitüenA
EtbeBa©jkemþAy:agxøaMg.
éf¶suRk TI2 Exmifuna qñaM1944

XIFI CaTIRslaj;/
« ebIsinCaÉgeTAbnÞb;sáak ÉgRtÚvykq½RteTACamYy ehIyykl¥ ykq½RtNaEdlFM¡ »
« » «
eFVIdUecñH KWedIm,IkarBarxøÜnÉgBI ePøógkñúgpÞH . mansuPasithuløg;mYyeBalfa enAxagelIBBk
»
épÞemXenAEtmanBN’exovCanic© . b:uEnþsuPasitenHBitCaminGaceTArYceT kñúgeBlEdlman
s®gÁam ¬kar)aj;kaMePøIg¡¦ nigcMeBaHBYkGñkkMBuglak;xøÜnkñúgBMnUkcMebIg ¬sRmab;qμaedk¡¦. mUsQI
cab;epþImmanTmøab;;CuHGacm_enAelIRkdaskaEst b¤enARbeLaHkRmalkþar dUecñHeyIgmanehtupl
xøacmanGVIFøak;cuHmk nigGaRkk;CagenaHKWkøins¥úy. mYreC fμIenAkñúgXøaMgmanbBaðadUcKña. nrNa
EdlFøab;manqμaminFøab;bgðat;[CuHGacm_enamenAxageRkApÞH GacRsémdl;køinEdlminEmnCakøin
emÞsnigrukçCatiEfmeT EdlsayPayeBjpÞHenH.
´k¾manskmμPaBfμImYysRmab;eBlmanGarmμN_PitP½yedaysarsñÚrkaMePøIg. enAeBlsñÚr
kaMePøIglan;B¤eLIg ´RtÚvrt;eTArkCeNþIreQIEdlenACitbMput. ´RtÚvrt;cuHeLIgBIrbIdg edIm,I[
R)akdfa edayeFVIeLIgvijdEdl² ´k¾pugeCIgFøak;y:agRsaleTAeRkamy:agehacNas;k¾mþg
Edr. CamYynwgkarrlat;Es,knigsMeLgénkarcuHeLIgCeNþrI nigkarFøak;cHu ÉgnwgminGacB¤seM Lg
RKab;kaMePøIgeT emø:aHehIyÉgk¾minsUv)armÖGMBIvaEdr. ´)anykk,Ünd¾skþisiT§enHmkeRbIRbkb
edayeCaKC½yy:agFMeFg¡.
éf¶c½nÞ TI5 Exmifuna qñaM1944

XIFI smøaj;/
bBaðafμI²)anekItmanenAkñúgGKarbEnßm. manCemøaHrvag DusEsl nig RKÜsar E®hVg GMBI
karEbgEckbWr. elak DusEsl )anRBmcuHcaj;. manTMnak;TMngCitsñiT§rvagelakRsI v:an;
daGan nig elak DusEsl mankarEccg; karefIb nig karjjwmrak;Tak;. DusEsl kMBug
Etcab;epþImcg;)anRbBn§mñak;.
286 Gan;E®hVg
RKÜsar v:an; daGan minyl;eT faehtuGVIeyIgRtÚvdutnMlayeRKÓgeTs sRmab;buNü

xYbkMeNItrbs; XuKø½r enAeBlEdleyIgminTaMgmannMenHmYysRmab;júaMxøÜnÉgpgenaH. GVI²
TaMgGs;CaerOgkMbuikkMb:uk. enACan;xagelI briyakasGaRkk;Nas;. elakRsI v:an; daGan man
CMgWpþasay. DusEsl RtÚvtamTan;Cak;EsþgCamYynwgRKab;emdMEbrrbs;GñkbiTRsa xN³Edl
eyIgminmanesaH.
kgT½BTIR)aM)andeNþImkan;kab;TIRkúgr:Um. TIRkúgminRtÚv)anbMpøajb¤k¾Tmøak;RKab;elIeT.
mankarXasnad¾Gs©arüsRmab;GuIEtør.
eyIgmandMLÚgnigbEnøtictYcNas;. nMb½ugmYydMuduHpSit.
sáamijexlþey ¬eQμaHqμafμIenAÉXøaMg¦ minGacRTaMnwgeRmc)aneT. vaedkenAkñúgRTúgqμa
ehIyeFVIkargarvaenAelIGacm_rNareQI. Bi)aknwgEfrkSavaNas;.
GakasFatuGaRkk;. karTmøak;RKab;)anbnþenA ):a dW kaeL88 nigtMbn;eqñrxaglicénRbeTs
)araMg.
KμannrNamñak;beBa©jluyduløarlk;eT. masrwtEtGt;eTAeTot. RbGb;dak;luysm¶at;
rbs;eyIgGacemIlFøúHdl;)at. etIeyIgnwgmanGVIRKan;nwgrs;enAExxagmuxeTot?

XIFI smøaj;/
«
viTüú b‘Íb‘ÍsuI )anRbkasenAevlaem:agdb;BIrfa enHCa DI edy KWCaéf¶ebIkRbtibtþikarN_
»
swk . karcUlQøanBan)ancab;epþIm¡
RBwkenH enAevlaem:agR)aMbI BYkGg;eKøs)anraykarN_BIkarTmøak;RKab;y:agxøaMgkøaeTAelI
kaeL89/ b‘ULÚj90/ LW hav91 nig EQrbWhÁ92 RBmTaMg ):a dW kaeL ¬dUcsBVdg¦. CagenHeTAeTot
88 CaeQμaHtMbn;mYyzitenAkñúgPaKxageCIgRbeTs)araMg CaeQμaHRkúgrbs; kaeL.

8 9 kMBg;EpsmuRTenARbeTs)araMgPaKxageCIg CitRbeTsGg;eKøs.
9 0 eQμaHTIRkúgenARbeTs)araMg.
9 1 eQμaHTIRkúgenARbeTs)araMg.
9 2 RkúgmYyenARbeTs)araMg enAPaKxagBay½Bü.
edIm,ICaviFankarbgáarsRmab;GñkTaMgLayenAkñúgTwkdIEdlRtÚvkan;kab;mnusSRKb;KñaEdlrs;enAkñúg
tMbn;mYycm¶ayCagsamsibBIrKILÚEm:RtBIeqñrsmuRTenaH RtÚv)anRBman[eRtomxøÜnsRmab;kar
Tmøak;RKab;Ebk. BYkGg;eKøsnwgTmøak;xitþb½NÑenAkEnøgEdlGaceFVI)anmYyem:agmuneBlTmøak;
RKab;Ebk.
ebIeyageTAtamdMNwgEdlGaløWm:g;pSay BYkkgT½Bq½RteyagGg;eKøs )anelatcuHmkdI
«
enAtMbn;smuRT)araMg. ebIeyageTAtamviTüú b‘Íb‘ÍsuI fa navadwkTahaneLIgeKakrbs;Gg;eKøs
)anRbyuT§Tl;nwgGgÁPaBTahaneCIgTwkGaløWm:g; . »
karsnñidæanrbs;BYkGñkrs;enAGKarbEnßm kñúgeBlbriePaKGahareBlRBwkevlaem:agR)aMbYn
KWfaenHKWCakarsakl,geLIgeKakmYy dUckareLIgeKakmYykalBIBIrqñaMknøgeTAenA DIeyb93 Edr.
viTüúpSaysMeLg b‘Íb‘ÍsuI CaPasaGaløWm:g; huløg; )araMg nig PasaepSgeTot EdlpSay
enAevlaem:agdb; )anniyayfa kareLIgeKak)ancab;epIþm¡ dUecñH enHKWCakareLIgeKakR)akd
Emn. viTüúpSaysMeLgb‘Íb‘ÍsuI enAevlaem:agdb;mYy )anCUndMNwgGMBIsunÞrkfarbs;GKÁbBa¢akar
kgT½BGaemrik KW]tþmesnIy_ édV GaysuinhUv½r.
enHCaesckþICUndMNwgCaPasaGg;eKøs cak;pSaytamviTüúpSaysMeLg b‘Íb‘ÍsuI rbs;Gg;eKøs
«
]tþmesnIy_ GaysuinhUv½r )anEføgeTAkan;RbCaCn)araMgfa enHKWCaéf¶ebIkRbtibtþikarN_swk.
karRbyuT§d¾twgEtgkMBugekItmanenAeBlenH b:uEnþ bnÞab;BIenHKWC½yCmñH. qñaM1944 KWCaqñaMeCaK
C½yTaMgRsug. sUm[GñkTaMgGs;KñaCYbsMNagl¥ . »
viTüúpSaysMeLg b‘Íb‘ÍsuI evlaem:agmYy³ ynþehaH11000eRKÓg )anerobcMecjdMeNIr

nigkMBugehaHeTAmkminQb; edIm,ITmøak;kgT½BnigRKab;EbkenABIeRkayCYrT½BxμaMg. nava4000
eRKÓg bUknwgnavatUc²CaeRcIneRKÓgkMBugEtbukRcaMgdak;TahaneLIgeKakCabnþbnÞab; enAtMbn;
cenøaH EQrbWhÁ nig LW hav. kgT½BGg;eKøsnigGaemrik )ancUlrYmCaeRscenAkñúgkarRbyuT§d¾
xøaMgkøaenH. mansunÞrkfarbs; hÁWeRbnDI naykrdæm®nþIEbl hSik esþc haGakun énRbeTs
n½rEvs elak dW ehÁal énRbeTs)araMg esþcGg;eKøs nigcugeRkay KWnaykrdæm®nþI qWcQIl.
GñkenAkñúgGKarbEnßmTaMgGs;manesckþIrMePIby:agxøaMg¡ TIbMput karrMedaHEdleyIgrg;caMCa
yUrmkehIy)anmkdl;ehIyEmnb¤? karrMedaHmYyEdleyIgFøab;ny i ayeRcInNas;GBM vI a. vaenA
93 RkúgmYyenAPaK|sankñgú RbeTs)araMgenAtamQUgsmuRTRbeTsGg;eKøs zitenAxageCIgRkúgrUGg;.

288 Gan;E®hVg
EtCaerOgd¾l¥bMput nigEsndUcerOgeRBgbMput )ankøayCakarBitEmnb¤? etIqñaMenH qñaM1944

nwgnaMeCaKC½ymk[eyIgRKb;Kñab¤? eyIgminTan;dwgenAeLIyeT. b:uEnþTINamankþIsgÇwmTIenaHnwg
manCIvit. va)aneFVI[eyIgeBareBjeTAedayesckþuIkøahan ehIyrwgbuwgCafμIeLIgvij. eyIgRtÚv
EtkøahanedIm,Is‘URTaMnwgkarP½yxøac karlM)ak nig kþIQWcab;rab;minGs; EdlminTan;elcecj
enAeLIy. \LÚvenH sMxan;KeW yIgRtÚvrkSakars¶be; s¶óm xaMmat;sgátc; ti ¡þ RbeTs)araMg rusSúI
GuItalI nig GaløWm:g; GacERskt¥ÚjEt¥rBIesckþIKμanrMBwg b:uEnþeyIgminTan;mansiT§iRtÚveFVIdUecñaH
eT¡
GU+ XIFI erOgl¥bMput KWkarbukRcaMgeLIgeKak Edl´manGarmμN_fa mitþPkþikMBugEtxit
mkCitéhIy. BYkGaløWm:g;KYr[xøacTaMgenaH )anKabsgát;nigKMramkMEhgeyIgyUrNas;mkehIy
EdleFVI[karKitdl;mitþPkþinana nigkaredaHElg ¬[putBITukçeTas¦ mann½yRKb;y:agcMeBaHeyIg¡
\LÚvenH minRKan;EtCnCatiCVIhVeT sUm,IEthuløg;nigtMbn;GWr:ubTaMgGs;suT§EtRtÚvkan;kab;. m:ahÁút
niyayfa ´RbEhlCaGaceTAeronenAÉsala)ankñúgExkBaØab¤tula.
esckþIbEnßm ńwgbnþR)ab;ÉgeTot GMBIBt’manfμI²bMput¡
enARBwkenH nigenAyb;mij rUbTIgemageFVIBIcMebIg nigekAs‘U RtÚv)aneKTmøak;BIelIynþehaH
BIeRkayCYrT½BGaløWm:g; ehIy)anpÞúHeLIgenAeBlvaFøak;mkb:HnwgdI. Gñkelatq½RteyagPaKeRcIn
)anelatcuHBIynþehaH edaymanlabmuxexμAG‘Uj dUecñHBYkeKminGacRtÚvemIleXIjeT enATI
ggwt. RKab;EbkTm¶n;5500etan RtÚv)anTmøak;eRsacBIelItMbn;eqñrsmuRT)araMgenAkñúgeBl
yb;. eRkaymkenAevlaem:agR)aMmYyRBwk navadwkT½BbukRcaMgeLIgeKakdMbUgeK)anmkcUlct.
enAéf¶enH manynþehaH20000eRKÓg kMBugEtRbtibtþikar. kgkaMePøIgFMGaløWm:g;enAeqñrsmuRT
RtÚv)anbMpøaj muneBlnavatUc²cUlbukRcaMg. eKk¾)anbegáItTItaMgQreCIgd¾rwgmaMtUcmYy. GVI²
dMeNIrkareTAy:agl¥ eTaHbICaGakasFatuminGMeNayplk¾eday. kgT½BnigRbCaCnKW qnÞ³Et «
mYynwgkþIsgÇwmEtmYy .»

XIFI smøaj;/
Bt’mand¾Gs©arüsþIBIkarvayluk¡ sm<½n§mitþ)andeNþImkan;kab;PUmi ébeyIk EdlCaPUmmi y
Y
enAtMbn;eqñrsmuRT)araMg ehIy\LÚvBYkeKkMBugEtév:yk kaeGn94. BYkeKBitCamanbMNgkat;pþac;

]bTVIbEdl EQrbWhÁ sßitenA. Caerogral;l¶acGñkeqøIyqøgBt’mans®gÁam)anniyayBIkar
lM)ak esckþIkøahan nigsμartIRbyuT§rbs;kgT½B. enAeBlyk)anBt’manenH BYkeKTTYl)an
sñaédy:agKYr[PJak;ep¥IlbMput. GñkrbYsmYycMnYntUcEdlvilRtLb;eTAGg;eKøs k¾)anniyay
tamviTüúEdr. eTaHbICaGakasFatuGaRkk;xøaMgk¾eday k¾karehaHehIr)anbnþeFVIcuHeLIg²edayx¢ab;
x¢Ün. eyIgdwgtamviTüúpSaysMeLg b‘Íb‘ÍsuI fa elak qWcQIl cg;cuHmkCamYykgT½BedIm,IRbyuT§
enAéf¶ebIkRbtibtþikarN_swk b:uEnþ GaysuinhUv½r nig]tþmesnIy_déTeTot)anbBa©Hú bBa©lÚ min[
elak qWcQIl eFVdI eU cñHeLIy. ÉgsaknwkKiteTAemIlfa etIbru scMNas;mañ k;enH EdlmanGayu
citsibqñaMeTAehIyenaH Kat;manesckþIkøahandl;fñak;NaeTA?
karrMePIbcitþenATIenH ragfycuHeTAvij. b:uEnþ eyIgTaMgGs;KñasgÇwmfa TIbMputs®gÁamnwg
RtÚvcb;RtwmcugqñaeM nH. vaRKan;EtCaerOgeBlevlab:eu NÑaH. kart¥jÚ Et¥rrbs;elakRsI v:an; daGan
minGacRTaM)aneT. \LÚvenH Kat;ElgGaceFVI[eyIgqáÜtvegVgCamYynwgkarQøanBaneTotehIy.
Kat;eFVI[eyIgRkhl;RkhaycitþeBjmYyéf¶ GMBIGakasFatuminl¥. sUm[eyIgGacykKat;eTA
dak;enAelIsáakenAkñúgFugTwkRtCak;mYy¡
mnusSTaMgGs;enAGKarbEnßm elIkElgEtelak v:an; daGan nig pitF½r )anGanesovePA
« »
RbelamelakerOg hugháaeron erbsUDI EdlCaerOgCIvRbvtþirbs; ®hVg; lIsþ CaekμgBUEk
Gs©arü CaGñkniBn§bTePøg nigCaGñkelgBü:aNUy:agsÞat;CMnaj. erOgenaHKYr[cab;GarmμN_Emn
eTaHbICatameyabl;rbs;´ sac;erOgenaHmankarniyaysgáte; RcInGMB®I sþkI .Iþ lIsþ minRtwmEtCa
GñkelgBü:aNUd¾l,Il,ajbMputenAsm½ykalKat;enaHeT Kat;k¾CakMBUlmnusSmanRsIjIeRcInbMput
Edr sUm,IEtKat;manGayucitsibqñaMeTAehIykþI. elak)anmanTMnak;TMngesñhaCamYynwg m:arI da
hÁÚl Priyarbs;kugt_95 RBHGgÁm©as;kSRtI xar:UlIn esyin vIthSg;esþn Gñkr)aM LÚLa m:unet Gñk
elgBü:aNU eGknIs XIgvuWt GñkelgBü:aNU sUhVI emnF½r RBHGgÁma© s;kSRtICnCati esokasSúI 96
RBHnam Gulháa eCnINa/ )arUnIsS Gulháa émeyndUhV sil,karinI lIlLa eQμaHs¥I²eTotCa
eRcIn.l.nig.l. ehIyeQμaHenHKμanTIbBa©b;eT. vKÁTaMgLayenAkñúgesovePAEdlniyayGMBI
94 RkúgmYyenAkñúgRbeTs)araMgPaKxageCIg zitenATisnirtIRkúgLW hav.
9 5 garrbs;RtkUlGPiCnenAGWr:ub ¬]TahrN_³ RbeTs)araMg b¤ GuItalI¦.
9 6 CaCnCatiEdlrs;enAtMbn;PaK|sanéneqñrsmuRTex~A.
290 Gan;E®hVg
t®nþInigsil,³epSg²eTotrwtEtKYr[cab;GarmμN_CagenHxøaMgNas;. mnusSmYycMnYnEdlRtÚv)an
elIkykmkniyay rYmman sÁWm:an;/ køar:a vIk/ hikF½r EblIy:Us/ cUhanS eRbmS/ ebthUvin/
cUQIm/ rIqad v:akN½r/ hans_ vun b‘uyLÚv/ GanFin rUb‘Ínesþn/ eRhVedrik qUPIn/ vikF½r h‘UehÁa/
GUNeU r: dW )al;hSak;/ hulI r½ø / haMEml/ EhSrnI/ r:sU SúnI /I qWrbU nÍ‘ /I ):aháanIn/I EmnEdlsðnú .l.nig.l.
karBit lIsþ CakemøaHmñak;kñúgcMeNamkemøaHCaeRcInEdlKYr[cUlcitþbMput Edlmancitþ
TUlMTUlay nigEdlrabsaxøaMgNas; eTaHbICaKat;emaTkPaBxøÜnÉgRCúlkþI. Kat;CYyGñkdéT
elIktemáIgsil,³elIsGVI²TaMgGs; Kat;cUlcitþRsaeKajak;nigRsIjIxøaMg Kat;minGacRTaMnwgTwk
EPñk Kat;CabursmankarGb;rMx<s; minGacbdiesFminCYynrNamñak; mincab;GarmμN_nwgerOgluy
kak; ehIyRslaj;esrIPaBsasna nigBiPBelak.

XIt smøaj;/
xYbkMeNItmYyeTot)anknøgputeTA. dUecñH ´manGayudb;R)aMqñaMehIy. ´)anTTYl
GMeNaytictYc³ esovePARbvtþisaRsþsil,³rbs; ®s<IghÁ½r R)aMk,al semøókbMBak;kñúgmYyQut
ExSRkvat;BIr kEnSgédmYy TwkedaHeKaCUrBIrRkL dMNab;mYyRkL nMXuKI ¬TMhMtUc²¦ esovePA
rukçsa®sþmYyk,alBI):anigm:ak; ExSédmasBI m:ahÁút esovePAbiTrUbftmYyk,al BIRKÜsar v:an;
daGan büÚm:l97 nig sENþ)araMgEp¥mBI DusEsl sárRKab;BI emob sárRKab;nigesovePAkt;RtaBI
« »
ebb ehIyGMeNayFMCageKKWesovePA m:arIy:a efer:hSa nig RhVÚm:aslabCatiERkmbIcMNitBI
elak XuKø½r. pitF½r )anCUnńUvpáaPIGwnI mYy)ac;d¾KYr[Rslaj;. ekμgRbúsCMTg;kmSt;enH)an
RbwgERbgNas;edIm,IrkGMeNaymk[´ b:uEnþKat;rkmin)an.
karQøanBanbnþeTAeToty:agGs©arü eTaHbIGakasFatuGaRkk;xøaMgedaysarmanePøógFøak;
xül;bk;vk;vI nigrlksmuRTFM²k¾eday.
mSilmij elak qWcQIl/ sμútS/ GaysuinhUv½r nig GarNul )aneFVIdMeNIreTAemIlPUmi
)arMag EdlBYkGg;eKøs)andeNþImkan;kab;nigrMedaH. qWcQIl sßitenAelInava)aj;RKab;Ebk
97 CaeQμaHfñaMeBTü.
Edl)an)aj;RKab;epøageTAelItMbn;eqñrsmuRT. dUcmnusSÉeTot²Edr qWcQIl hak;dUcCamindwg

fakarP½yxøacenaHvay:agem:cpgeT. enHKWCalkçN³BiessKYr[RcENnEmn.
BIGKar hVt GaNik rebobbnÞayrbs;eyIg eyIgBi)aknwgvas;sÞg;GarmμN_rbs;CnCati
huløg;Nas;. R)akdehIy RbCaCnCaeRcInmancitþrIkray EdleXIjBYkGg;eKøskm¢ilepH
mUrédGav ehIycUlRbLÚkkñúgs®gÁam. GñkEdlbnþGHGagfa BYkeKmincg;[Gg;eKøskan;kab;
KWBYkeKkMBugEtKitminRtwmRtÚveT. kRmiténkarKitKUrrbs;BYkeKFøak;cuHdl;fñak;yl;fa Gg;eKøs
RtÚvEtRbyuT§ts‘U niglHbg;kUnecAedIm,IrMedaH huløg; nigRbeTsdéTeTotEdlRtÚvkan;kab;.
bnÞab;BIenaH BYkGg;eKøsminKYrenAhuløg;eT. BYkeKKYrEteFVIkarsMueTasedaydak;xøÜnTabbMput
cMeBaHRbeTsTaMgGs;EdlRtÚvkan;kab; ehIyRtÚvRbKl;RbCuMekaH dac [m©as;EdlmansiT§ieBj
TIrbs;vavij ehIyvilRtLb;eTARbeTsGg;eKøsvijTaMgKYr[GaNitGasUrnigTaMgTn;exSay.
RkúmmnusSqáÜtGIemø:H. ehIyCagenHeTAeTot dUc´)anniyayehIyfa RbCaCnhuløg;CaeRcInGac
rab;bBa©ÚleTAkñúgCYrkgT½Brbs;BYkeKEdr. etIhuløg;nigGñkCitxagpgxøÜnnwgkøayeTACay:agNa ebI
sinCaGg;eKøscuHhtßelxaelIGnusBaØasnþiPaBCamYyRbeTsGaløWm:g; eRBaHBYkeKman»kasy:ag
RKb;RKan;nwgeFVIdUecñH? huløg;nwgkøayCaGaløWm:g; ehIyenaHRbEhlCaTIGvsanehIy¡
RbCaCnhuløg;TaMgLayEdlenAEtemIlgayBYkGg;eKøs EdlcMGk[RbeTsGg;eKøsnig
rdæaPi)al suT§EtmnusScas;hYssm½y Edlcat;TukBYkGg;eKøsCamnusSkMsak b:uEnþs¥b;
GalømW g: .; BYkeKKYrEtRtÚvykeTARkLúkxYrk,al eRbóbdUcCaÉgkac;exñy I mYybt;clU KñaG‘cÍ gw . erOg
enaH vanwgCYyeFVI[xYrk,ald¾RcbUkRcbl;rbs;BYkeKGacl¥CaeLIgvij)an.
karbYgsYg karKit karecaTRbkan; nigkarriHKn; kMBugEtvilvl;enAkñúgxYrk,alrbs;´.
´BitCaminmanGMnYtdUcRbCaCnPaKeRcIneT. ´dwgGMBIkMhusnigKuNvibtþiepSg²rbs;ĆagGñkdéT
epSgeTot. b:Eu nþ KμanGVxI su EbøkKñaeT. ´k¾dgw fa ćg;paø s;brÚþ ehIyńwgpøas;brÚþ ehIy´)anpøas;brÚþ
y:ageRcInCaeRscehIy.
Cajwkjab; écaTsYrxøÜnÉgfa ehtuGVIk¾mnusSRKb;KñaenAEtKitfa énHmanmhicätaxøaMgnig
eFVIdUcCaxøÜnÉgdwgsBVEbby:agG‘Ícwg? etI´BitCaek¥gk¥agy:agenHb¤? etI´b¤k¾BYkeKCamnusSEdl
ek¥gk¥agxøaMg? ´dwgfa sþab;eTAvadUcCaerOgqáÜt²G‘Ícwg b:uEnþńwgminKUsecalRbeyaKcugeRkay
enHeT eRBaHvaminqáÜtdUcenaH. elakRsI v:an; daGan nig DusEsl CamnusSBIrnak;EdlcUlcitþ
ecaTRbkan;ĆageK GñkTaMgBIrRtÚv)aneKdwgfaminqøatévTal;EtesaH ehIyniyayminesμaHRtg;
292 Gan;E®hVg
« »
l¶g;exøA c,as;RkELt¡ CaTUeTAmnusSl¶g;exøARTaMmin)aneT enAeBlGñkdéTeFVIGVIl¥CagBYkeKenaH.
]TahrN_RtwmRtÚvbMput cMeBaHerOgenHmanmnusSTIgemagBIrnak;CaKMrU KW DusEsl nigelakRsI
v:an; daGan. elakRsI v:an; daGan Kitfa ´l¶g;exøA eRBaH´BMuGacRTaMnwgKuNvibtþidUcCarUbKat;.
Kat;Kitfa ´manmhicätaxøaMg eRBaHEtKat;manmhicätaxøaMgCagéTAeTot. Kat;KitfasemøókbMBak;
´xøINas; eRBaHEtsemøókbMBak;rbs;Kat;xøICagéTAeTot. Kat;Kitfa ĆamnusScUlcitþeFVICadwg
RKb;erOg eRBaHEtKat;niyayBIrdgeRcInCagéTAeTot GMBIRbFanbTEdlKat;min)andwgxül;GI
«
esaH. cMENk DusEsl k¾G‘ÍcwgEdr. b:uEnþPasitmYyEdlćUlcitþCageKKW Tal;EtmanePøIg
»
eTIbmanEpSg . ehIy´RBmTTYlCaeRscfa éFVIb£kCaGñkecHdwgeRcIn.
GVIEdl´Bi)akxøaMgcMeBaHbuKÁliklkçN³rbs;´ KWfa´benÞasnigdak;TMnayxøÜnÉgeRcInCag
GñkepSgeTot RbsinebIm:ak;bEnßmkarENnaMrbs;Kat; FmμeTsnamYyKMnrkøayeTACaRkas;Xμwk
EdleFVI[´K~ansgÇwmfa nwgmanéf¶)anqøgputBIBYkvaeLIy. bnÞab;mk ´k¾tmat; ehIycab;epþIm
niyayRbqaMgnwgmnusSral;Kña rhUtTal;Et Gan; munEdlecHdwg minGacTb;xøÜn)an k¾ecjmkmþg
«
eTot³ KμanGñkNayl;BIéT¡ . »
BaküsmþIecHdwgenH )anf<k;Cab;kñúgragkay´ ehIyminTMngCadUclkçN³Bitrbs;vaeT.

mancMNucsMxan;énkarBitmYyenAkñúgBaküsmþIenH. eBlxøH ´riHKn;xøÜnÉgy:agxøaMg rhUtdl;´RtÚv
karBakülYgelam edIm,ICYy´[ecjBIsßanPaBenHeLIgvij. sUm[´mannrNamñak;ykcitþ
Tukdak;xøaMgdl;GarmμN_rbs;´. » RBHGaLaeGIy ´minTan;rkeXIjmnusSRbePTenaHeT dUecñH ´
RtÚvEtEsVgrkbnþeTot.
´dwgfa Égq¶l;GMBI pitF½r EmneT XIt? BitehIy pitF½r Kat;Rslaj;´minEmnrebobCa
mitþRsIeT b:uEnþRKan;EtCamitþFmμtab:ueNÑaH. karRslaj;rbs;Kat;mankan;EteRcIneLIg² BImYy
éf¶eTAmYyéf¶ b:uEnþkmøaMgd¾Gaf’kM)aMgmkraraMgBYkeyIg ehIy´mindwgfavaenaHCaGVIeT.
eBlxøH ´Kitfa kþIR)afñad¾xøaMgrbs;ćMeBaHrUbKat; vaRCúlhYseBk. b:uEnþ minBiteLIy
edayehtufa ´R)afñacg;)anKat;y:agxøaMgCagBImuneTAeTot enAeBlEdl´seRmcmineLIgeTA
kan;bnÞb;Kat; kñúgry³eBlBIréf¶. pitF½r mansnþancitþl¥ nigTwkcitþl¥ k¾b:uEnþ´minGacbdiesF
Kat;)aneLIy manrOgCaeRcInEdlKat;eFVI[´xkcitþ. Biess´minxVl;nwgkarmincUlcitþrbs;Kat;
cMeBaHsasna karCECkrbs;Kat;GMBIGahar nigGVI²epSg²eToteLIy. CagenHeTot ´manCMenO
y:agmutmaMfa eyIgnwgRbkan;x¢ab; kic©RBmeRBógrbs;eyIgEdlfa mineQøaHKña. pitF½r CamnusS
Rslaj;PaBs¶b;s¶at; Gt;»n nigRsYlEmnETn. Kat;GnuBaØat[ńiyayerOgr:avCaeRcInR)ab;

Kat;EdlKat;minFøab;)anTTYlBImþayrbs;Kat;. Kat;kMBugEtBüayamy:agbþÚrpþac;edIm,IkarBar
kitþiys ehIyrkSaerOgpÞal;xøÜnrbs;Kat;[)anl¥. b:uEnþcuHehtuGVIKat;lak;)aMgcitþKMnitxagkñúg
bMputrbs;Kat; ehIyminGnuBaØat[´)andwgpg? BitehIy Kat;biTCitxøaMgCag´ b:uEnþ´dwgtam
ry³bTBiesaFn_ ¬eTaHbICa´RtÚv)aneKecaTRbkan;\tQb;Qrfa )andwgGVITaMgGs; EdlRtÚvdwg
tamRTwsþI b:uEnþminEmntamkarCak;Esþg¦ fa minyUrminqab; sUm,IEtRbePTmnusSEdlminmankar
Tak;TgeRcInkþI nwgR)afñacg;)anmnusSNamñak;EdlxøÜnTukcitþxøaMgCag´pg.
pitF½r nig ´ TaMgBIrnak;)ancMNayeBlBIrqñaMsBa¢wgKitenAkñúgGKarbEnßm. Cajwkjab;
eyIg)anBiPakSaGMBI GnaKt GtItkal nigbc©úb,nñkal b:uEnþ dUc´)anR)ab;ÉgehIyfa ´min
EdlCYbnwgkarBit b:uEnþ ´dwgfa vamanEmn¡
etIenHedaysarEt´min)anecjeRkAGs;ry³eBld¾yUr rhUtdl;éRtkRtGalCamYynwg
FmμCatiEmnb¤? ćaM)aneBlmYyEdlépÞemXmanBN’exovd¾l¥Gs©arü bkSabkSIyMecb² BnøW
RBHc½nÞ páaecjBnøk minGacXat;XaMgkarykcitþTukdak;rbs;´)aneT. GVI²mankarpøas;bþÚr
cab;taMgBI´mkTIenH. ]TahrN_ nayb;mYyenAGMLúgeBlbuNü pinFIxs eBlEdlGakasFatu
ekþAxøaMg ´RbwgebIkEPñkrhUtdl;em:agdb;mYynigsamsibnaTI dUecñH ´k¾GacsmøwgKyKn;RBHc½nÞEt
mñak;Ég)anmþg. » RBHGaLa karlHbg;rbs;´minmanRbeyaCn_eT eRBaHmanBnøWcaMgxøaMgNas;
ehIy´minGacRbfuyebIkbg¥Üc)aneLIy. manmþgenaH kalBIeRcInExknøgeTA ´)aneTACan;xag
elIedayécdnü eBlEdlbg¥ÜcebIkcMhenAeBlyb;. Tal;Etbg¥ÜcenaHbiT eTIbćuHmkeRkam
vij. l¶acmanePøógFøak;ggwtemX xül; nig BBkrsat;)anTak;Tajcitþ´. vaKWCaelIkdMbUgehIy
enAkñúgry³eBlmYyqñaMknøH Edl´)aneXIjemXeBlraRtITl;muxEtmþg. bnÞab;BIl¶acenaHmk kþI
R)afñarbs;ćg;eXIjvaCafμImankan;EtFMeFgCagkarP½yxøacrbs;´BIerOgecarcUlKas;pÞH pÞHggwt
mankNþúr nigkarqμk;cUledayb:UlisenaHeTAeTot. ćuHmkeRkamEtÉg ehIyemIleTAeRkAtam
bg¥ÜcbnÞb;)aynigkariyal½ypÞal;xøÜn. mnusSeRcInNas; KWBYkGñkEdlekatsresIrsRms;
FmμCati EdlCYnkaledkenAkNþalval enAkñúgKuk nigmnÞIreBTü )anrg;caMedayGt;Ftμ n; vU éf¶Edl
BYkeKGacnwgeqøótrkkarsb,ayCamYyFmμCatiCafμI edaymanesrIPaBeBjelj. b:uEnþmnusSmYy
cMnYntUcRtÚv)anÉeka b¤ kat;pþac;BIkarrIkraycMeBaHFmμCatidUcKña.
vaenaHminEmnRKan;EtCakarRsémrbs;éT. edaysmøwgemIleTAelIemX BBk RBHc½nÞ
294 Gan;E®hVg
nig dYgtara BitCa)aneFVI[´manGarmμN_s¶b;s¶at; nig esckþIsgÇwm. vaCa»sfRbesIrCag

v:aLWrIy:g; nig RbÚm:ay98 eTAeTot. FmμCatieFVI[´manGarmμN_dak;xøÜn ehIyeRtómxøÜnCaeRsc
edIm,IRbQmmuxTl;nwgkarrn§t;RKb;Ebby:agedaykøahan¡
CasMNag ´GacemIlFmμCatitambg¥ÜcTaMgLayEdlRKbdNþb;eTAedayFUlIy:agRkas;
nigbiT)aMgedayvaMgnnKRKic² elIkElgEt»kaskRmxøH²b:ueNÑaH. karsmøwgemIlFmμCati va
)annaM[manesckþIrIkray. FmμCatiKWCavtßúEtmYyKt;EdlminmanGVIGacCMnYs)an¡
sMNYrmYyEdl)anrMxanĆajwkjab;KW ehtuGVI)anCaeKKitfaRsþIGn;CagbursxøaMgemø:H
ehIysUm,IEtmkdl;eBlenHeKenAEtKitG‘ÍcwgeTot. eKgaynwgniyayfa vaminRtwmRtÚveT b:uEnþ
enaHminTan;RKb;RKan;enAeLIysRmab;rUb´. ´BitCacg;dwgehtuplcMeBaHPaBGyutþiFm’d¾FMeFgenH¡
bursRtÚv)ansnμtfa man\T§iBlelInarItaMgBIedImdMbUgmk edaysarkmøaMgragkayxøaMgCag
rbs;BkY eK. KWbru sCaGñkRbkbrbrciBa©mw CIvti [kMeNItkUn ehIymansiTei§ FVtI amcitBþ kY eKsb,ay
>>>rhUtdl;fμI²enH ®sþI²)anyl;Rsby:ages¶óms¶at; cMeBaHTsSn³d¾l¶g;exøAenH eRBaHkalNa
vabnþmankan;EtyUr vanwgkan;Etcak;b£seRCAeLIg. CasMNagl¥ karGb;rM kargar nigkarrIk
ceRmIn)aneFVI[®sþIPøWEPñk. enAkñúgRbeTsCaeRcIn BYkeKRtÚv)anpþl;[mansiT§iesμIKña. mnusS
CaeRcIn Biess®sþI b:uEnþk¾manbursEdr\LÚvenH BYkeKyl;dwgfa vaxusqÁgdl;fñak;NaEdls‘URTaM
nwgsßanPaBenHyUrdl;møwg. ®sþIsm½yTMenIbcg;)ansiT§iedIm,I[xøÜneKmanÉkraCüTaMgRsug¡
b:uEnþenaHminTan;RKb;RKan;eT. ®sþIk¾KYrRtÚv)aneKeKarBpgEdr¡ niyayCaTUeTAbursRtÚveK
eKarBCaxøaMgenARKb;kEnøgkñúgBiPBelak. dUecñH ehtuGVIk¾RsþIminmancMENkenHEdr? Tahannig
vIrburséns®gÁam RtÚv)aneKpþl;kitþiys nigTTYlrak;Tak; GñkrkeXIj ¬GVImYy¦ RtÚv)anpþl;ekrþ×
eQμaHCaGmt³ TukárbuKÁlRtÚv)aneKeKarBy:agxøaMg b:uEnþetImanmnusSb:unμannak; smøwgemIlmk®sþI
dUcCaeyaFaEdrenaH?
« »
enAkñúgesovePA eyaFaenAxagmuxpÞH ´BitCamankarPJak;ep¥IlxøaMg cMeBaHkarBitEdlfa
enAkñúgkarsRmalkUnEtmYymuxb:ueNÑaH ®sþImankarQWcab; CMgW PaBevTna CagGñkkøahanenAkñúg
s®gÁamFøab;maneTAeTot. ehIyetInagTTYl)anrgVan;GVIsRmab;karGt;Fμt;nwgkarbegáItkUnenH?
nagRtÚveKrujecjenAeBlEdlnagRtÚvxUcrUbsmösS edaysarkarsRmalkUn ehIyminyUrb:nu aμ n
98 sarFatuKImIRbÚm eKGacykeTApSMeFVICa»sf b¤ pSMeFVIGVIepSg²eTot.

kUnrbs;nagnwgcakecjBInag ehIyrUbsmösSEdlFøab;EtpUpg;k¾rlay)at;bg;. ®sþIEdlts‘U

nigTTYlrgkarQWcab;edIm,IFananirnþPaBBUCsasn_mnusS manlkçN³BuHBarnigkøahanCagvIrburs
ek¥gk¥ag EdlRbyuT§edIm,IesrIPaBTaMgenaHeTAeTot¡
´BMumanbMNgCMTas;dac;xatfa ®sþIKYrEtQb;begáItkUneT. pÞúyeTAvij FmμCatimanbMNg[
BYkeKeFVIdUecñaH ehIyvaKYrEtrebobenaHÉg. GVIEdl´riHKn;enaH KWrebob[témørbs;eyIg nig
mnusSRbúsEdlminTTYlsÁal;BtI nY aTIds¾ xM an; d¾l)M ak nigd¾RbesIrelIslb;rbs;®sþI enAkñgú cMENk
mYyénsgÁm.
ýl;RsbTaMgRsugCamYynwgelak b:lU dW RKIhV GñkniBn§esovePAenH enAeBlKat;ny i ay
faburs²RtÚvEtyl;fa karbegáItkUnecAElgCaerOgminGacecosvag nigeKcevH)aneTotehIy
enAkñúgBiPBelakEdleyIgcat;TukfamanGriyFm’. cMeBaHburs²niyayCakargayeT. BYkeKmin
Føab;ehIyk¾nwgminRTaMRTTukçesakTaMgLayEdl®sþIFøab;TTYlrgeT¡
éCOfa enAkñúgstvtSr_eRkay eyabl;Edlfa ®sþImankrNIykic©begáItkUnnwgpøas;bþÚr
ehIyRtÜsRtaypøÚvsRmab;kareKarB karesI¶csresIrcMeBaH®sþITaMgGs; EdlTTYlbnÞúkF¶n;eday
Kμankars¥b;ex<Im b¤BaküsmþIRkGWtRkTmhYsehtueLIy¡

XIFI smøaj;/
bBaðafμI²³ elakRsI v:an; daGan Tal;tRmiHehIy. Kat;niyayGMBIerOgRtÚveK)aj;
RtÚveKe)aHcUlkñúgmnÞIrXMuXaMg RtÚveKBüÜrk nigeFVIGtþXat. Kat;RcENn Edl pitF½r manCMenO
TMnukcitþmkelIrUb´ ehIymineCOTukcitþelIrUbKat;. Kat;Gn;citþEdl DusEsl eqøIytbminsmlμm
nwgkarEccg;rbs;Kat; ehIyP½yxøacfa luyGaveramstVTaMgGs;nwgRtÚvcayx¢Hx¢ayeTAelI)arI
rbs;bþIKat;. Kat;eQøaHeCrRbeTc yMGaNitxøÜnÉg esIc ehIycab;epþImTaMgGs;saeLIgvij.
etIÉgGaceFVIy:agem:ceTAelakeGIy CamYyRbePTmnusSl¶g;exøA nigTn;exSayEbbenH?
KμannrNaykcitþTukdak;nwgKat;eT Kat;KμanlkçN³rwgbuwgesaH Kat;rG‘UrTaMdak;eKÉgRKb;Kña ehIy
ÉgGacemIleXIj)anfa etIKat;edIry:agem:c³ eFVIdUcCaekμgRsI ehIyemIleTAdUcCa®sþIminTan;
sm½y. GaRkk;CagenHeTot pitF½r kan;EtRBehIneLIg. elakRsI v:an; daGan ekþAcitþehIy
296 Gan;E®hVg
m:ak;vijmanTuTidæiniym. ca+s GñkRKb;KñaBitCaRBÜy)armÖ¡ maneKalkarN_EtmYyKt;EdlGñkRtÚv

cgcaMKWRtÚvesIccMeBaHGVI²TaMgGs; ehIykMuxVayxVl;nwgmnusSdéT²eTot¡ RbkarenHsþab;eTAvahak;
dUcCadac;Ghgáar b:uEnþvaBitCaviFIBüa)alEtmYyKt;sRmab;GñkTaMgLayNaEdlQWcab;edaysar
karRseNaHGaNitxøÜn.
elak XuKø½r RtÚvcMNayeBlevlabYns)aþh_ enAGal;m:aGa99 eFVIesckþIlm¥itkargar.
Kat;)ankMBugBüayamedaHxøÜn[putBIkatBVkic©enHCamYylixitbBa¢ak;rbs;RKÚeBTüniglixitmYyc,ab;
BIGUbuikta. elak ekøm:g; kMBugEtsgÇwmfaRkBHrbs;Kat;nwgRtÚvvHkat;qab;²enH. enAevlaem:ag
db;mYyyb;mij ExSTUrs½BÞpÞal;xøÜnTaMgGs;)anRtÚvkat;pþac;¡.

XIFI smøaj;/
KμanGVIBiessekItmanenATIenHeT. BYkGg;eKøs)ancab;epþImeFVIkarvayRbhareBjTMhwgeTA
elI EQrbWhÁ. eyageTAtam BIm nigelak v:an; daGan fa eyIgR)akdCanwgRtÚvrMedaHmunéf¶TI
10 Extula. BYkrusSúIkMBugEtcUlrYmenAkñúgyuT§nakarenHEdr. kalBImSilmij BYkeK)ancab;
epþImeFVIkarvayRbharenAEk,r vIefbsá_100 KWbIqñaMKt; bnÞab;BIéf¶EdlGaløWm:g;)anQøanBanrusSúI.
sμartIrbs; ebb )anRsutcuHCageBlmun². eyIgesÞIrEtGs;dMLÚgeTAehIy. cab;taMgBI
eBlenHeTA eyIgnwgrab;vaEcksRmab;mnusSmñak;² dUecñHGñkRKb;KñaGacykvaeTAeFVIGVIk¾)antam
Etcitþcg;. cab;BIéf¶c½nÞ emob Qb;visSmkalry³eBlmYys)aþh_. RKÚeBTürbs;elak ekøm:g;
KμanrkeXIjGVIeT tamkarqøúHkaMrsμIGuic. Kat;RtÚvEteFVIkareRCIserIsy:agQWcab;fa etIRtÚveFVIkar
vHkat;b¤k¾Tuk[CMgWRkBHrbs;Kat;eTAtamdMeNIrrbs;va.
99 TIRbCuMCnEdlfitenAPaKxageCIgkñúgRbeTshuløg; enAxageCIgTIRkúgGaMsÞWdam.
100 RkúgmYyenAkñúgRbeTsrusSIú zitenAPaK|sanTIRkúgmInsá_.

XIFI smøaj;/
GarmμN_)anpøas;bþÚry:agKMhuk GVI²dMeNIrkareTAy:agEsnl¥. EQrbWhÁ/ vIefbsá_ nig
101
søÚb‘Ín )anRtÚvdeNþImkan;kab;enAéf¶enH. eKR)akdCa)ancab;mnusS nigdeNþIm)ansmÖary:ag
eRcIn. ]tþmesnIy_GaløWm:g;R)aMnak;RtÚv)ansmøab; enACit EQrbWhÁ ehIyBIrnak;eTot RtÚv)an
cab;CaeQøIyswk. \LÚvenHBYkeKmankMBg;EpmYy BYkGg;eKøsGacdwgCBa¢ÚnGVI²TaMgGs;EdlBYkeK
RtÚvkareTAdak;elIdIeKak. ]bTVIb kUtg;TIn102 TaMgmUlRtÚv)andeNþImkan;kab;EtbIs)aþh_b:ueNÑaH
bnÞab;BIkarQøanBan¡ eCaKC½yGVIemø:HeT¡
enAkñúgry³bIs)aþh_ cab;taMgBIéf¶ebIkRbtibtþikarN_swk minmanéf¶NaGt;manBüúHePøógeT
minfaenATIenHb¤enA)araMgeLIy. b:uEnþsMNagGaRkk;EbbenH min)anraraMgGg;eKøsnigGaemrikmin
[bgðajGanuPaBrbs;BYkeKeT. ehIyeFVIdUcemþceTA¡ BitehIy BYkGaløWm:g; )aneRbIR)as;GavuF
cEmøkrbs;BYkeK b:uEnþeRKÓgpÞúHtUctacEbbenHesÞIrEtKμan\T§iBlGVITaMgGs; eRkAEtBIkarxUcxat
tictYcenAGg;eKøs ehIyERskRbkUkRbkastamcMNgeCIgkaEst RkÚt b:ueNÑaH. eTaHy:agNa
k¾eday enAeBlBYkeKdwgenA RkÚteLn103 fa BYkbulesvik104 BitCakMBugEtcUlkan;EtCit
« »
BYkeKnwgP½yj½reCIg.
®sþIGaløWm:g;TaMgGs;EdlmineFVIkarenAkñúgkgT½B RtÚv)aneKCemøóseTACamYykUn²rbs;
BYkeKBItbM n;eqñrsmuRTeTAextþ ®hánÚ gI ehÁn105/ ®hVsI eLn106 nigEhÁlD½reLn. mUsSWt* )anRbkas
fa ebIsni CakarQøanBanmkdl;Tkw dIhlu gø ; Kat;ngw cuHeQμaHcUlkgT½B. etImnusSGaRkk;kn§at;enaH
manEpnkarRbyuT§b¤? Kat;KYrEteFVIy:agenaH enARbeTsrusSúImunenHyUrmkehIy. RbeTs
hVaMgLg;)anbdiesFsMeNIsnþiPaBmYyRKamkehIy ehIy\LÚvenH karcrca)anbraC½ymþg
eTot. mnusSxYrbgág BYkeKnwgsþayeRkay¡
101 CaRkúgmYyenAkñúgGtItshPaBsUevot. bc©úb,nñenH CaRkúgmYyenAkñúgRbeTsEb‘lLar:us.
102 ]bTVIbmYyEdlfitenAkñúgPUmiPaKBay½BüénRbeTs)araMg Edllatsn§wgcUleTAkñúgQUgsmuRTGg;eKøs.
103 CaeQ~aHehACMnYs[RbeTsGaløWm:g;.
104 smaCikkñúgbkSm:asuIseLnIn b¤k¾CaGñkKaMRT/ Gñkkan;lT§ikumμúynIsþ.
105 extþmYyenAkñúgRbeTshuløg;.
106 tMbn;mYyzitenAGWr:ubPaKxageCIg enAtamsmuRTxageCIg.
* GñkdwknaMbkSsgÁmniym ¬NahSúI¦ Catihuløg;.

298 Gan;E®hVg
tameyabl;Ég etIeyIgnwgeTACay:agNa enAéf¶27 Exkkáda?


XIFI smøaj;/
GakasFatuGaRkk;Cab;rhUt BIem:agmYyrhUtdl;éf¶TIsamsib Exmifuna.* etIńiyay)anl¥eT?
GU¡+ ca+s écHPasaGg;eKøsbnþci bnþcÜ . edIm,IbBa¢ak;karyl;dgw PasaGg;eKøsrbs;´ ´GanesovePA
« »
erOg sVamId¾l¥mñak; edaymanvcnanuRkmCYypg¡ s®gÁam)anbnþy:agKYr[rMePIbcitþ.
bURbúysá107 m:UhÁIeLv108 nig G½rsða109 RtÚv)andeNþImkan;kab;. manGñkeTasy:ageRcIn.
GVIRKb;y:ag\tbBaðaeTenATIenH. sμartIkMBugEtRbesIreLIg. kMBUlGñksuTidæiniymrbs;
eyIgCaGñkTTYleCaKC½y. RKÜsar v:an; daGan kMBugEt)at;eTACamYynwgsár ebb )anbþÚrm:Udsk;
ehIy emob )anQb;sRmakmYys)aþh_. enaHKWCadMNwgfμIRsLagbMput¡
´BitCa)anqáwHeFμjmuxQWrbs;´. vaQWcab;xøaMgNas;¡ vaQWxøaMgrhUtdl; DusEsl Kit
fańwgsnøb; ehIyésÞIrEtsnøb;Emn. elakRsI v:an; daGan k¾QWeFμj Pøam²pgEdr¡
esckþIbEnßm eyIg)anB¤BI )aehSl fa bWn* )anedIrtYCaGñkRKb;RKgsNæaKarenA
mInNa vun )anehm110. m:ak;niyayfa Kat;mancMeNHdwgxagsil,³ .
« »

XIFI smøaj;/
´manGarmμN_dk;Cab;eTAedaykarP½yrn§t; enAeBl pitF½r niyayGMBIerOgcg;køayxøÜneTACa
* PasaGg;eKøsrbs; Gan;³ Bad weather from one at a stretch to the thirty June.
107 RkúgmYyzitenAPaKnirtITIRkúgmInsá_ RbeTsrusSúI.
108 RkúgmYykñúgPUmiPaKxaglicRbeTsrusSúI PaKxagekItTIRkúgmInsá_.
109 CaRkúgmYyrbs;GtItshPaBsUevot. bc©úb,nñvazitenAkñúgRbeTsEb‘lLar:us.
* bgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYy bWnhad ¬)adDI¦ eGelos.

110 CacMNgeCIgerOgRbelamelakmYyrbs;CnCatiGaløWm:g;EdlniBn§eday hÁúthUl eGe®hVm eLsSúIg.
]RkidæCn b¤k¾QμÜjRbfuyRbfan. BitehIy Kat;kMBugEtniyayelg b:uEnþénAEtmanGarmμN_fa

Kat;P½yxøaccMeBaHPaBTn;exSayrbs;Kat;. m:ahÁút nig pitF½r EtgniyayCamYy´fa ebI´man «
esckþIkøahannigkmøaMgdUcGñk ebI´mankarebþCJacitþnigzamBlminecHRskRsutdUcGñk ´Gac>>>¡ . »
etIvaBitCalkçN³éføfrÚñ KYr[sresIrEmnb¤ ebI´minbeNþayxønÜ [sßti enAeRkam\T§Bi lGñkdéT

enaH? etI´RtwmRtÚveT EdleFVItammnsikarrbs;´pÞal;?
niyayedayesμaHRtg;cuH ´minGacRsémeXIjmanmnusSniyayfa éxSay ehIy « »
bnÞab;mk énAEtrebobhñwg. ebIÉgdwgdUecñHcMeBaHxøÜnÉg ehtuGVIk¾minRbyuT§ykQñHva? ehtuGVI

«
minGPivDÆnisS½yrbs;xøÜn? cemøIyrbs;BYkeKCanic©kalKW eRBaHvaRsYlCagxøaMgNas; Edlmin
»
)ac;eFVIdUecñaH¡ . kareqøIytbEbbenHbNþal[´xUccitþtictYc. RsYlEmnb¤? etIenaHmann½yfa
CIvite)akR)asnigx¢ilRcGUs manlkçN³gayRsYlEdrb¤? GU+¡ eT KWminBiteT. vaminGacBit)an
eT EdlfamnusSeyIgRtÚv)anTak;TajCaeRscedayPaBgayRsYl>>>nigluy. ´min)anpþl;
KMnti eRcIndl;GEIV dl´)aneqøyI cMeBaHkarEdlfa ´KYreFVdI cU emþc[ pitF½r eCOelIxnÜø Ég nig sMxan;
CagenHeTot pøas;bþÚrxøÜnKat;[eTArkPaBkan;Etl¥RbesIreLIg. ´mindwgfa etI´kMBugEtsßitenAelI
pøÚvd¾RtwmRtÚvb¤y:agNaeT.
Cajwkjab; ´Kitfa etIvanwgl¥y:agNa ebImannrNamñak;GacTukcitþniyayerOgsm¶at;
TaMgGs;R)ab;´. b:uEnþ\LÚvenH va)anQandl;cMNucenaHehIy. ´dwgfa vaBi)akdl;fñak;Na
EdlKitfa xønÜ mansßanPaBdUcnrNamñak;enaH ehIyrk[eXIjcemøy I d¾RtwmRtÚv. CaBiess eRBaH
« » « »
RsYl nig luy KWCasBaØaNcEmøkNas;cMeBaH´.
pitF½r cab;epþImBwgEp¥kmkelI´ ehIy´mincg;y:agenaHeT minfasßitenAkñúgkal³eTs³Na
eLIy. vaBi)akRKb;RKan;eTAehIy Edlrs;enAedayÉkraCüxøÜnÉgenaH b:uEnþenAeBlÉgRtÚvkar
BitR)akdnUvnisS½ynigdYgcitþrbs;ÉgenaH varwtEtBi)akeTAeTot¡
´kMBugEtrsat;GENþtxøÜnelIsaKr ehIycMNayeBlCaeRcInéf¶EsVgrkfñaMbnSabd¾man
« »
RbsiT§iPaBcMeBaHBakü RsYl d¾KYr[xøac. etI´RtÚveFVIemþceTAedIm,IBnül;Kat;[yl;c,as;fa³
xN³EdlGVImYyvahak;dUcCagayRsYlnigGs©arüenaH vanwgTajrUbKat;[Føak;reNþAmYyEdlKat;
nwgminGacrkeXIjmitþ karKaMRT b¤sRms;eLIy. reNþAenaHEsneRCArhUtdl;Kat;RbEhlCamin
GacnwgeLIgmkxagelIvij)aneLIy?
eyIgTaMgGs;KñaenArs;ranmanCIvit b:uEnþeyIgmindwgfa mkBIehtuGVI b¤ k¾eyIgrs;edIm,IGVIeT.
300 Gan;E®hVg
eyIgTaMgGs;KñaEsVgrksuPmgÁl. eyIgTaMgGs;KñakMBugEtrs;enAkñúgCIvitepSgBIeK b:uEnþKμanGVI

TaMgGs;. eyIgTaMgbInak;RtÚv)anciBa©wmenAkñúgRKÜsard¾RbéBmYy. eyIgman»kasnwgTTYlkarGb;rM
nigeFVIGVImYysRmab;xøÜnÉg. eyIgmanehtuplCaeRcIn edIm,IGnaKtRbkbedaysuPmgÁlmYy
b:uEnþ>>>eyIgRtÚvEtrkva. ehIyenaHKWCaGVIEdlÉgminGacrk)antammeFüa)ayRsYl²enaH
eLIy. karTTYl)ansuPmgÁlmann½yfa RtÚveFVlI n¥ gi bMeBjkargaredayminRtÚvrksuRI bfuyRbfan
b¤x¢ilRcGUseT. PaBx¢ilRcGUsGacKYr[cUlcitþ b:uEnþmanEtkargareTEdlpþl;[ÉgnUvkareBjcitþ
y:agBit².
´minyl;esaHBImnusSEdlmincUlcitþeFVIkar b:uEnþminEmnCakrNIrbs; pitF½r eT.
Kat;KμaneKalbMNg ehIybEnßmelIenHeTot Kat;KitfaKat;l¶g;Nas; nigGn;Nas; rhUtdl;Kat;
minEdl)anseRmckic©karGVI)aneTaHCaGVIk¾eday. ekμgRbúsd¾kmSt;enH min)andwgeT etIKat;nwg
manGarmμN_EbbNaenAeBlEdleFVI[nrNamñak;sb,aycitþenaH ehIy´xøacfa ´minGacbeRgón
Kat;)an. Kat;mineCOsasna. Kat;eCrRBHeys‘URKisþ ehIyykRBHnamrbs;RBHCam©as;mk
elgesIc. eTaHbI´minEmnCaBYkG½rtUdukkþI vaeFVI[´QWcab;RKb;eBlEdleXIjKat;enAdac;BIeKÉg
EdleBareBjedaykarRbmaf nig PaBevTnaKYr[GaNitEbbenH.
mnusSEdlmansasnaKYrEtrIkray eRBaHminEmnmnusSRKb;rUbmanvasnaTTYlsmtßPaB
eCOCak;eTAelIbTbBa¢aEdlx<s;CagenHRKb;KñaenaHeT. Égmin)ac;sUm,IEtrs;enAkñúgkarP½yxøacén
TNÐkmμmYyCIvit. mnusSCaeRcInBi)aknwgTTYlykTsSnaTansþIBIzannrk nig zansYK’Nas;.
b:uEnþsasnaenHÉg minfasasnaNaeT KWsuT§Et[mnusSedIrpøÚvRtÚv. minEmn[xøacRBHCam©as;eT
b:Eu nþelIkkm<ss; aμ rtIkti y
iþ spÞal;xnÜø nigeFVtI amsμartIrbs;xnÜø ÉgpÞal;. mnusSRKb;Kañ GacCamnusS
l¥nigéføfñÚrdl;kRmitNa ebIsinCaenAmuneBlcUldMeNk BYkeKRtÚvBinitüeLIgvijnUvGakb,kiriya
rbs;BYkeK rYcføwgEføgrkxusrkRtÚvenaH. BYkeKnwgBüayamCasV½yRbvtþiedIm,I[kan;EtRbesIreLIg
enAeBlcab;epþIméf¶ bnÞab;nImYy² ehIymYyry³kalmkBYkeKnwgseRmceCaKC½yminxan.
mnusSRKb;Kañ RtÚv)ansVaKmn_ceM BaHk,ÜnEbbenH. vaminRtÚvcMNayGVeI T b:Eu nþvaBitCamanRbeyaCn_.
«
GñkEdlmindwgRtÚvEtEsVgyl;tambTBiesaFn_fa mnsikars¶b;s¶at;naM[Gñkman
»
kmøaMg¡ .

XIFI smøaj;/
elak RbÚk sßitenA b‘Ív½rvIk111 ehIyKat;GacrkTij)anEpø®sþÚbWrI enAkEnøglk;LayLúg.
EpøeQITaMgenaHmanRbLak;FUlInigdIxSac; b:uEnþvamancMnYneRcIn. vamanminticCag émÖbYnekseT
sRmab;BYkeyIg nigBYkGñkenAkariyal½y. enAl¶acéf¶dEdlenaH eyIg)anrkSavaTukkñúgcMnYn
R)aMmYyRkLa ehIyeFVIdMNab;R)aMbIRkL. enARBwkéf¶bnÞab; emob )ancab;epþImeFVIdMNab; sRmab;
kariyal½y.
enAevlaem:agdb;BIrnigsamsibnaTI TVarxageRkARtÚv)ancak;esaCab; pitF½r ):a nig elak
v:an; daGan )anykeksd¾F¶n;eLIgCeNþIrTaMgeRTteRTatcUleTAkñúgpÞH)ay. Gan; ykTwkekþABI
bMBg;TwkekþA m:ahÁút eTAykk®nþk eyIgeRtomeFVIkarTaMgGs;Kña¡ edaymanGarmμN_cg;EtesIc ´
)anedIrcUlkñúgbnÞb;c®gáan)ayrbs;kariyal½y EdlmanmnusSenAy:agENn. emob ebb
elak ekøm:g; eCn ):a pitF½r³ RkúmmnusSenAGKarbEnßm nigRkúmpÁtp; gÁ e; nAlayLMKañ TaMgkNþaléf¶¡
vaMgnnnigbg¥cÜ ebIkcMh mansMeLgLÚLa ehIyTVarbiTkÐúgkÐaMg. ´P½yeLIgjab;j½r. écHEtKitfa
« »
etIeyIgBitCakMBugEtlak;xøÜnb¤? . enHc,as;CaGarmμN_EdleyIgman enAeBlEdleyIgGac
ecjeRkAeTArs;enAkñúgBiPBelakCafμI. xÞHeLIgeBjehIy dUecñH´RtÚvEtRbjab;Rbjal;eLIgeTA
Can;elIEdlCakEnøgRkúmRKÜsarrbs;´déTeTotkMBugbksMbkEpø®sþÚbWrI CMuvijtu kñúgbnÞb;c®gáan
)ay. BYkeKy:agehacNas;RtÚveFVIdUecñH b:uEnþEpø®sþÚbWrICaeRcIn )ancUlmat;rbs;BYkeKeRcInCag
cUlk®nþkeTAeTot. BYkeKnwgRtÚvkark®nþkmYyeTotenAkñúgeBlbnþiceTotenH. pitF½r )ancuHmk
eRkam b:uEnþeRkaymkkNþwgTVar)aneraT×BIrdg. edayTukecalk®nþkenAkEnøgedImrbs;va pitF½r
)anrYsran;eLIgmkCan;xagelI ehIyTajTUesovePAmkbiT)aMgBImuxKat;. eyIgGgÁúyFμwgTaMgrsab;
rsl;. EpøRsþÚbWrI kMBugrg;caM[eKykvaeTAduslagsm¥at b:uEnþeyIgRbkan;x¢ab;c,ab;enAkñúgpÞH³
«minRtÚvebIkTwkeT enAeBlmanmnusScEmøkenACan;xageRkam BYkeKGacnwgB¤sMeLgTwkhUr . »
eCn )aneLIgmkenAem:agmYy edIm,IR)ab;eyIgfa KWCaGñkEckTwkedaHeKaeT. pitF½r

Rbjab;Rbjal;cHu mkeRkammþgeTot. rugW ²>>>sMeLgkNþgw TVar RtLb;eRkayEbr. ´Rbwgsþab;
etImannrNamk dMbUg´QrenABImuxTUesovePA eRkaymkenAkaMCeNþIrxagelI. TIbMput pitF½r nig
111 CaRkúgenAxageCIgénRkúgGamsÞWdam zitenAtambeNþayeqñrsmuRT.

302 Gan;E®hVg
´ )aneRTabxønÜ eTAelIbgáan;édkaMCeNþrI epÞógRtecokdUcBYkecaredIm,Isaþ b;seM LgBICan;xageRkam.

minmansMeLgGVIEdlcEmøkminsÁal;eT. pitF½r )anedIrcuHCeNþIrfñm² rYcQb;g:k;enABak;kNþal
« »
CeNþIr ehIyERskehA ebb¡ . edayBMuB¤eqøIy Kat;ERskmþgeTot ebb¡ . sMeLgrbs;Kat; « »
B¤xSav² edaysarEtsMeLgkÐúgkÐaMgenAkñúgbnÞb;c®gáan)ay. ehtuenHKat;)ancuHeTAeRkam ehIy

Rbjab;cUleTAc®gáan)ay xN³Edl´bnþQremIlBIxagelIeTATaMgRBÜy)armÖ.
« »
eTACan;xagelIPøam pitF½r. ÉgRtÚvEtcakecj¡ KNenyükrenATIenH. enaHKWCa
sMeLgrbs;elak XuKø½r. pitF½r eLIgmkCan;elIvij edaydkdegðImFM ehIybiTTVarTUesovePA.
«
TIbMput elak XuKø½r )aneLIgmkenAem:agmYynigsamsibnaTI. RBHCam©as; BiPBelak
TaMgmUl)anERbkøayeTACaEpø®sþÚbWrIehIy. ´man®sþÚbWrIjúaMenAeBlGahareBlRBwk. eCn
júaMvaenAeBl)ayéf¶Rtg;. ekøm:g; júaMvaelg emob ykvaeTAes¶ar ebb bksMbkva ehIy´
FMukøinvaRKb;TIkEnøgEdl´)aneTA. éLIgeTAelIedIm,Iecj[q¶ayBI®sþÚbWrIBN’RkhmTaMgenaH
ehIyetIéXIjGVIeTA? mnusSkMBugEtlag®sþÚbWrI¡ . »
EpøRsþÚbWrIEdlenAsl;RtÚv)anRckkMb:ug. enAl¶acenaH³ KRmbRkLBIr)anrebIkcMh.

):a)anykvaeTAeFVIdMNab;y:agrh½s. enARBwkéf¶bnÞab;³ KRmbBIreTot)anrebIkeLIg. ehIyenA
resolenaHKRmbRkLbYnk¾rebIkEdr. elak v:an; daGan min)ankemþArm¶ab;emeraKkñúgRkL
TaMgenaH[RKb;RKan;eT. ehtuenHTIbBa©b; ):ak¾ykvaeTAeFVIdMNab;Caerogral;l¶ac. eyIg)an
júaMGaharFBaØCatiekþACamYyEpøRsþÚbWrI TwkedaHeKa bWrCamYy®sþÚbWrI nMb½ugCamYy®sþÚbWrI júaM®sþÚbWrI
CabEg¥m ®sþbÚ rW CI amYysár ®sþbÚ rW RI bLak;dxI Sac;. Gs;ry³eBlBIréf¶Kaμ nGVeI RkABIEpø ®sþbÚ rW I ®sþbÚ rW I
®sþÚbWrIeLIy ehIyeRkaymk vak¾RtÚvjúaMGs;ehIynigykeTAjat;kñúgRkL nigRtÚv)ancak;esaTuk
y:agCab;.
éf¶my «
Y enaH m:ahÁtú )anERskfa eGð¡ Gan; elakRsI v:an; hUvni )anpþl[; eyIgnUvsENþk
)araMgTm¶n;CagR)aMbYnKILÚRkam¡ . »
´)aneqøy «
I fa Kat;cti lþ E¥ mn ehIyBitCal¥Emn b:Eu nþmankargareRcInEmn>>>elakeGIy¡ . »
«
m:ak;)anRbkasBItumkfa éf¶esAr_ kUnÉgRtÚvcitsMbksENþk)araMg[Gs; . »
BitehIy enARBwkenH bnÞab;BIbriePaKGahareBlRBwkehIy xÞHRkÚemFMbMputrbs;eyIg

)anmkenAelItu edaymansENþk)araMgeBjdl;EKmxÞHxagelI. ebIÉgKitfa karcitsMbksENþk
)araMgCakargarKYr[Fuj ÉgKYrEtBüayambkRsTab;xagkñúg. ´Kitfa mnusSCaeRcInmindwgeT
enAeBleKykRsTab;TaMgGs;rbs;vaecjeRsamCab;RKab;sENþkvamanlkçN³Tn;q¶aj; nig
sm,ÚreTAedayvItamIn. b:uEnþ plRbeyaCn_FMeFgCagenHeTotenaH KWfa manbIdg eBlEdlÉg
júaMsENþk)araMg.
bkeRsamsENþk)araMg KWCakic©karc,as;las; ehIyRtÚvmankarykcitþTukdak;Edlsm
EtCakic©kard¾p©itp©g;rbs;TnþeBTü b¤k¾CMnajkareRKÓgeTsEdlkMbuikkMb:ukeRcIn. b:uEnþvaCaerOgKYr
[xøacEmnsRmab;ekμgCMTg;EdlKμancitþGt;Fμt;dUcCarUb´. eyIg)ancab;epþImeFVIkarenAevlaem:ag
R)aMbYnnigsamsibnaTI. ´)anGgÁúycuHenAevlaem:agdb;nigsamsibnaTI eRkakeLIgmþgenAem:ag
db;my Y ehIyGgÁy ú eTAvijenAem:agdb;mYynigsamsibnaTI. ´B¤rgMeBjRtecoknUvBaküRcMEdldUc
teTAenH³ kþiccugva bksMbksENþk skRTnugva e)aHsENþkcUleTAkñúgxÞH. kþiccugva bksMbk
sENþk skRTnugva e)aHsENþkcUleTAkñúgxÞH.l.nig.l. EPñkrbs;´vilcuHvileLIgeXIj
Et³ BN’ébtg BN’ébtg dgávÚ RTnugsENþk)araMg sENþk)araMgrlYy BN’ébtg BN’ébtg.
edIm,IkMu[GpSúkehIymanGVIRtÚveFVIenaH ´)anniyayb:):ac;b:e):aceBjmYyRBwk edayniyayGVI
RKb;y:agEdlńwkeXIj ehIy)aneFVI[eKRKb;KñaesIc. PaBdEdl²KYr[FujRTan;kMBugEtsmøab;
CIvitéhIy. enAeBl´skRTnugsENþk RKb;eBlva)aneFVI[´kan;EtR)akdkñúgcitþfa ´mincg;
eFVIRKan;EtCaempÞHmñak;b:ueNÑaHeT¡
enAeBlem:agdb;BIr eyIgk¾)anjúaMGahareBlRBwk b:uEnþBIem:agdb;BIrknøHdl;em:agmYyknøH
eyIgRtÚvEtbksMbksENþkeTot. enAeBl´Qb;eFVI ´manGarmμN_FIgeFagbnþicehIyGñkdéT
k¾G‘ÍcwgEdr. ´)anedkéf¶mYyRseLt rhUtdl;em:agbYn. mkdl;eBlenH énAEtmanGarmμN_
RcbUkRcbl;enAeLIy edaysarEtsENþk)araMgd¾KYr[FujTaMgenaH.

XIFI smøaj;/
«
eyIg)anTTYlesovePAmYyk,alBIbNÑal½y EdlmancMNgeCIgfa etIGñkKiteXIjy:ag
»
NacMeBaHekμgRsIsm½yTMenIb? éf¶enH ńwgniyayBIRbFanbTenH.
« »
GñkniBn§ ¬Ca®sþI¦ )anriHKn; yuvv½ysBVéf¶enH taMgBIk,aldl;cugeCIg eTaHbICamin
« »
)anbdiesFBYkeKCa krNIGs;sgÇwm kþI. pÞúyeTAvij Kat;eCOfa BYkeKmanvaenAkñúgGMNac
304 Gan;E®hVg
rbs;BYkeK edIm,IbegáItBiPBelakmYykan;EtFMeFg kan;EtRbesIrnigRss;bMRBg b:uEnþKat;yl;fa

BYkeKEbrCarvl;eTAnwgGVI²Edlmin)ankareTAvij edayBMuKitKUrdl;sRms;BitR)akdeT.
enAkñúgvKÁxøHénesovePAenaH ´manGarmμN_y:agxøaMgfa GñkniBn§tRmg;karminKaMRT enaHmk
rkrUbÉtmþg. ehtudUecñHehIy)anCaenATIbMput ´k¾cg;latRtdagGMBIGarmμN_rbs;´[Égdwg
ehIykarBarxøÜn´RbqaMgnwgkarriHKn;enaH¡
´mancritlkçN³elceFøamYy EdlGñksÁal;ýUrmkehIy GacemIleXIjy:agc,as;.
´mansV½ycMeNHdwgy:ageRcIn. enAeBléFVIGVIRKb;y:ag ´GacemIleXIjxøÜnÉg hak;dUcCa
rUbĆaGñkeRkAG‘Icwg. ´GacQry:agRCega² enAmçagBI Gan; sBVéf¶enH ehIyedayminman
citþlem¥ógnigelsNamYy ´smøwgemIlGVIEdl Gan; enHkMBugEteFVI minfaerOgl¥b¤GaRkk;eT.
sV½ycMeNHdwgenH minEdlXøatq¶ayBIrUbéT ehIyerogral;eBlEdlébIkmat;Rbúgniyay
« » « »
´Kitfa ÉgKYrEtRtÚvniyayGVIepSgBIenH b¤k¾ eFVIrebobenHvaminGVIeT . ´riHKn;xøÜnÉgCaeRcIn
« »
y:ag rhUtdl;ćab;epþmI )andwgBIkarBiténBaküTMenomrbs;)a: ³ ekμgRKb;Kañ RtÚvecHbI)ac;xnÜø Ég .
«BukmþayRKan;EtGacTUnμankUn²rbs;xøÜn b¤ cg¥úlpøÚvRtÚvedIrR)ab;BYkeKb:ueNÑaH. CamUldæanmnusS
eyIgdusxat;critlkçN³pÞal;xøÜn. eRkABIenH ´)anRbQmmuxnwgCIvitedayesckþIkøahany:ag
xøaMgmYyxusBIFmμta. ´manGarmμN_rwgmaM nigmansmtßPaBxøaMgNas; enAkñúgkarErkBunbnÞúk
TaMgLay. ´manGarmμN_faxøÜnenAekμgNas;nigmanesrIPaB¡ enAeBl´dwgEbbenHCaelIkdMbUg
´rIkraysb,aycitþ eRBaHvamann½yfa ´GacRTaMRT)any:aggayRsYlcMeBaHehtukarN_vayluk
TaMgLayEdlnwgekItmankñúgCIvitmnusS.
b:uEnþ ´)anniyayGMBIerOgenHjwkjab;mkehIy. \LÚv´sMubEgVreTABiPakSaGMBICMBUk ):a «
»
nigm:ak;minyl;citþ´ vij. ):am:ak;rbs;´)aneFVI[´xUcGs;rlIg BYkKat;ykcitþTukdak;nwg´
Nas; ehIykarBar´RbqaMgnwgRKÜsar v:an; daGan nig eFVIGVIRKb;y:agEdl«BukmþayRKb;rUb
GaceFVI)an. b:uEnþCayUrNas;mkehIy ´manGarmμN_keNþackENþghYsehtu RtÚveKTukecal
mineGIeBInigyl;RcLM. ):a)aneFVIRKb;y:agedIm,IraraMgsμartIRCÜleRCImrbs;´ b:uEnþKμan)ankar.
´)anGb;rMxøÜnÉgedayqøúHbBa©aMgemIl\riyabfrbs;´ ehIyBinitüemIletIéFVIGVIxus.
ehtuGVIk¾):aminKaMRTénAkñúgkarts‘Urbs;´? ehtuGVIKat;Qb;eTAvij enAeBlKat;Büayam
CYydl;rUb´? cemøIyKW³ Kat;eRbIrebobminRtÚv. Kat;EtgniyayCamYy´hak;dUcCaénHCaekμg
Føab;qøgkat;dMNak;kallM)akG‘Ícwg. sþab;eTAdUcCaqáÜtEmn eRBaH):aKWCamnusSEtmñak;Kt;Edl
)anpþl;sμartImanCMenOcitþ ehIyeFVI[´manGarmμN_hak;dUcCaxøÜn´ CamnusSmansuPnicä½y. b:uEnþ

):a)anemIlrMlgerOgmYy³ Kat;min)anyl;fa karts‘Urbs;édIm,IRtÜtRtaelIkarlM)akpgTaMgBYg
«
KWvamansarsMxan;cMeBaHĆagGVI²epSgeTot. ´mincg;B¤GMBI bBaðaTUeTArbs;mnusSeBjv½y b¤k¾ »
« » « »
ekμgRsIdéT eToteT b¤k¾ ÉgnwgecHdwgvaeTAtamGayukal . ´mincg;[eKeFVIdak;´dUcCaeFVIdak;
ekμgRsIdéTTaMgGs;eToteT b:uEnþRtÚvcat;Tukfa ´mansiT§ipÞal;xøÜnrbs;´. eTaHy:agNa):amin)an
yl;erOgenaHeT. eRkABIenH ´minGaceCOTukcitþnrNamñak;eLIy RbsinebIeKmin)anR)ab;´[
)aneRcInGMBIerOgrbs;BYkeKenaH. edaysar´dwgtictYcGMBIeK ´minGacbegáItTMnak;TMngmYy
kan;EtCitsñiT§eT. BIm EtgEteFVIdUcrUbKat;Ca«BukmanKMnitcas;TMu EdlFøab;mansnÞúHcitþPøwbEPøt
b:uEnþminGacTMnak;TMngCamYy´dUcCamitþPkþieT eTaHCaKat;RbwgBüayamy:agNak¾eday. dUecñH
´minEdlrYmcMENkpþl;TsSnvis½yrbs;´sþIBICIvit b¤k¾RTwsþIEdl´Kity:agyUrCamYynrNamñak;
eRkABIesovePAkMNt;ehturbs;´ ehIyyUr²mþgCamYy m:ahÁút eLIy. ´lak;GVIEdlTak;Tgnwg´
BI):a. ´minEdlrYmpþl;KMnitl¥²rbs;ĆamYy):a ehIymanectnaeFVI[xøÜnÉgminCitsñiT§CamYy
):aeT.
´minGaceFVIGVIepSgBIenHeT. ´beNþayxøÜn[GarmμN_rbs;xøÜnÉgmkdwkRcmuH´. vadUcCa
dac;GhgáarEmn b:uEnþ ´)aneFVIGVIEdlRbéBbMput edIm,I[GarmμN_´vas¶b;s¶at;. ńwg)at;bg;»kas
EbbenH nigsV½yCMenOcitþ ebIsinCa´RtÚvriHKn;enAeBléFVIkargarenH)anBak;kNþalpøÚv.
vasþab;eTARbEhlCaminl¥eT b:uEnþ´k¾minGacTTYlykkarriHKn;BI):aEdr eRBaH´minRKan;EtminFøab;
rYmpþl;KMnitsuICeRmAbMputrbs;ĆamYyKat;b:ueNÑaHeT ÉfmTaMg)anrujRcanKat;ecj[q¶ayEfm
eTotBIrUbédaysarEtécHEteFVI[Kat;xwg.
enHKWCacMNucEdl´KitCajwkjab;³ ehtuGVIGñkEdleFVI[´mYhμgenAeBlxøHenaH KWCa BIm
eTAvij? ésÞIrEtRTaMmin)anEdl[Kat;bgðat;beRgón´ ehIykarRslaj;fñak;fñmrbs;Kat;hak;
dUcCaRtÚvbgçitbgçM. ćg;enAEtÉg ehIyćg;[Kat;kMurvl;nwg´mYyry³rhUtdl;eBl´kan;Et
R)akdGMBIxøÜnÉg enAeBlńiyayCamYyKat;¡ énAEtmanGarmμN_RtÚvEhkhYredaysarkMhus
GMBIsMbuRtriHKn; Edl´)ansresreTA[):aenAeBléRkómRkMcitþxøaMg. GU+¡ vaBi)akEmnEdlRtÚv
rwgmaMnigkøahanRKb;y:agenaH¡
b:Eu nþ enaHminEmnCakarxkcitFþ bM pM tu rbs;éT. eT ´KitBI pitF½r CagKitdl;)a: q¶ayNas;.
´dwgy:agc,as;fa Kat;KWCamnusSCaTIRslaj;rbs;´ ehIyminmanGVIepSgBIenHeT. ´)anftrUb
306 Gan;E®hVg
Kat;TukkñúgGarmμN_rbs;´ ehIyTukrUbKat;dUcCaekμgRbúss¶b;s¶at;KYr[Rslaj; nig smehtupl

EdlRtÚvkarCaxøaMgnUvmitþPaB nigesckþIesñha¡ ´RtÚvEtlatRtdagebHdUg´dl;mnusSmanCIvit.
´RtÚvkarmitþmñak;EdlnwgCYy´rkpøÚvEdlRtÚvedIrCafμI. ´)anseRmcGVIEdl´)aneRKageFVI ehIy
BitCa)anTak;TajKat;bnþicmþg²[mkrk´. TIbMput enAeBl´)anKat;CamitþehIyenaH CasV½y
Rbvtþvi anwgkøayeTACaTMnak;TnM gsñTi s§ añ lEdlKYr[xwgNas; enAeBl´Kitdl;vakñgú eBlbc©bú ,nñenH.
eyIgniyayGMBIerOgpÞal;xøÜnEdlsm¶at;bMput b:uEnþeyIgminTan;Qandl;niyayerOgEdlsßitenA
kñúgebHdUgrbs;éT. ´minTan;dwgk,alknÞúyGVIeTGMBI pitF½r. etIKat;CamnusSrak;kMEpl b¤k¾etI
karxμaseGonb¤ EdleFVI[Kat;Tb;GarmμN_ sUm,IEtCamYyrUb´k¾eday? b:uEnþ enAeBlTukerOg
TaMgenaHmYyELk éFVI[mankMhusmYy³ ´)aneRbITMnak;TMngsñiT§sñaledIm,IcUl[kan;Etekok
rUbKat; ehIyedayeFVIdUecñH ´)anbdiesFecalmitþPaBRbePTepSg²eTot. Kat;cg;[eKRslaj;
ehIy´Gacdwg)anfa Kat;kMBugEtcab;epþImcUlcitþ´kan;EtxøaMgeLIgehIyBImYyéf¶eTAmYyéf¶.
enAeBleyIgenACamYyKña vaeFVI[Kat;eBjcitþNas; b:uEnþvaBitCaeFVI[ćg;cab;epþImvaTaMgGs;eLIg
vij. ´minEdlnaMniyayRbFanbTEdlćg;latRtdagvaeT. edaymin[Kat;dwgxøÜn ÉtgbgçM
pitF½r [xitmkCit´ ehIy\LÚvenH Kat;kMBugEtrg;caMCIvitCaTIRslaj;. ´sUmniyayedayesμaH
cuHfa ´mineXIjmanmeFüa)ayNaEdlKYr[eBjcitþedIm,IGac[Kat;ecjBIrUb´ ehIyeFVI[Kat;
ecHBwgelIkmøaMgxøÜnÉgeLIgvijeT. ´)andwgPøamfa Kat;minEmnCamnusSEdlmancitþKMnit
RsedogéT b:uEnþ énAEtBüayamCYyKat;[ecjBIBiPBd¾ceg¥ótrbs;Kat; ehIyBRgIkRBMEdn
cMeNHdwgyuvv½yrbs;Kat;.
« »
CatfPaB mnusSekμgÉekaCagmnusScas; . ´GanXøaenHenAkñúgesovePAmYy ehIyva
dk;Cab;kñúgKMnitrbs;´. GVIEdl´GacR)ab;Ég)anenaHKWfa vaCaerOgBit.
dUecñH ebIsni CaÉgq¶lf; a mnusScas;B)i akCagekμg²Edlrs;enATIenH cemøy I KWfavaminG‘cÍ gw
eT. vaBitCamindUecñaHeLIy. mnusScas;TMumaneyabl;GMBIGVI²RKb;y:ag ehIyR)akdNas;
cMeBaHxøÜnÉgnigskmμPaBrbs;BYkeK. ekμg²dUcCaBYkeyIgmankarlM)akdl;eTABIrdg edIm,IRbkan;
[x¢ab;x¢ÜnnUveyabl;rbs;eyIg enARKaEdlKMnitl¥²RtÚv)aneFVI[r):at;r):ay nig bMpøaj enAeBl
sarCatiGaRkk;rbs;mnusSmkRKbdNþb; nig enAeBlEdlmnusSRKb;KñamanmnÞilcMeBaHkarBit
yutþiFm’ nigRBHCam©as;¡
nrNaEdlRbkasfa RkúmmnusScas;mankarlM)akCagBYkeyIgenAkñúgGKarbEnßmmindwgfa
bBaðaTaMgenaHman\T§iBlb:HBal;dl;eyIgxøaMgCagenaHq¶ayNas;. eyIgenAekμgeBk minGac

edaHRsaybBaðaTaMgenH)aneT. b:uEnþ bBaðaTaMgenHecHEtmkrukkYnBYkeyIg rhUtdl;eyIgRtÚvbgçM
[KitrkdMeNaHRsay eTaHbICaeBlevlaPaKeRcInbMput dMeNaHRsayrbs;eyIgRtÚvbraC½yenA
eBlRbQmmuxnwgkarBitk¾eday. eBlxøH vaBi)akEmn enAkñúgeBlevlaEbbenH³ ]tþmKti
karyl;sbþi nigkþIsgÇwmEdlCakþIb:gR)afña elceLIgenAkñúgxøÜneyIg b:uEnþvak¾RtÚvkemÞcbMpøaj
edaysartfPaBd¾Gab;GrY . vaCaerOgd¾Gs©arüEmn Edl´min)ane)aHbg;]tþmKtiTaMgGs;rbs;´.
vahak;dUcCaBi)ak nigminCak;EsþgeT. b:uEnþ ´Rbkan;x¢ab;]tþmKtiTaMgenaH eRBaHénAEteCOfa
mnusSBitCamansnþancitþl¥ eTaHbICamanGVIRKb;y:agdUecñaHkþI.
´minGacTal;EtesaH EdlRtÚvksagCIviténAelImUldæanRKwHd¾vwkvr QWcab; nigmrN³.
éXIjBiPBelak)anERbkøayCabeNþIr²eTACavalrehazan ´B¤sMeLgpÁrlan; eFVIdMeNIrmk
ehIyéf¶NamYyvanwgbMpøajeyIgEdr. ´manGarmμN_QWcab;rab;lanCMBUk. b:uEnþenAeBl
égIyemIleTAelIemX GVI²TaMgGs;pøas;bþÚrmkrkPaBl¥RbesIr nig manGarmμN_fa PaBsahav
éRBépSenHnwgputrlt;eTA rYcehIysnþiPaBnigPaBs¶b;s¶at;nwgvilRtLb;mkCafμI. enAkñúgeBl
CamYyKñaenaH ´RtÚvEtRbkan;y:agx¢ab;x¢ÜnnUv]tþmKtiTaMgLayrbs;´. RbEhlCaéf¶enaHnwg
mkdl;enAeBlńwgGacsÁal;va)an¡

XIFI smøaj;/
TIbMput ´)ancab;epþImmansuTidiæniym. TIbBa©b;enAeBlenHGVI²ERbCal¥. vaBitCal¥Emn¡
dMNwgd¾Gs©arü¡ mankarb:geFVIXatmYyeTAelICIvitrbs; GuIEtør ehIymþgenHminEmnCasñaédrbs;
BYkkumμúynisþCVIhV b¤ BYkmUlFnGg;eKøseT b:uEnþ Casñaédrbs;]tþmesnIy_GaløWm:g;mñak;EdlCa
mnusSmanzan³Cakugt_vy ½ ekμg sßti enAkñgú RtkUlGPiCn. GuEI tør GacenArs;ranmanCIvti edaysar
EtRBHCam©as;minTan;dac;RBHT½yykCIvitKat;. CaGkusl Kat;)aneKcxøÜnrYcedaymansñamrbYs
dac;rlat; nig rlakbnþicbnþÜc. m®nþI nig]tþmesnIy_mYycMnYnenACMuvijKat; RtÚv)ansmøab;nigeFVI[
rbYs. emKMniténkarb:geFVIXatenH RtÚv)aneK)aj;smøab;.
enHKWCaPsþútagGs©arübMputEdleyIgmanrhUtmkTl;eBlenHedIm,IbBa¢ak;fa ]tþmesnIy_
308 Gan;E®hVg
nigm®nþICaeRcIn)anFujRTan;nwgs®gÁamehIy ehIycg;eXIj GuIEtør Føak;cUlreNþAd¾EsneRCA\t

RBMEdn dUecñH BYkeKGacbegáItrbbpþac;kareyaFamYyksagsnþiPaBCamYysm<½n§mitþbMBak;GavuF
l¥²sRmab;xøÜnÉg ehIyBIrbITsvtSr_eRkaymk bMBk;Pñk;ePøIgs®gÁamfμImYyeTot. karsenþas
RbNIrbs;RBHCam©as; RbEhlCamanbMNgrg;caM[dl;eBlRtÚvkm©at; GuIEtør eRBaHvagayRsYl
Cag nig bg;éføticCagsRmab;sm<½n§mitþ Tuk[BYkGaløWm:g;d¾KYr[s¥b;ex<Imsmøab;KñaÉg. vaCakargar
kan;EttictYcsRmab;BYkrusSúI nigGg;eKøs ehIyvaGnuBaØat[BYkeKcab;epþImsßabnaTIRkúgnanarbs;
BYkeKeLIgvijkan;Etqab;rh½sbMput. b:uEnþeyIgminTan;dl;dMNak;kalenaHenAeLIyeT ehIy´
mincUlcitþrg;caMRBwtþikarN_d¾RbkbedaykitþiKuN112enHEdr. CagenHeTAeTot ÉgRbEhlCakt;
smÁal;eXIjehIyfa ´kMBugEtniyaykarBit²TaMgRsugedayKμanGVIepSgeT. sRmab;mþgenH
´minEmnniyayBIerOg]tþmKtix<g;x<s;eLIy.
CagenHeTAeTot GuIEtør citþl¥rhUtdl;RbkasR)ab;mnusSesμaHRtg;niglHbg;cMeBaHKat;fa
mkRtwmeBlenH buKlÁ ki eyaFaTaMgGs;KsW tiß eRkambBa¢arbs;blU: si sm¶at;énrbbNahSúI rbs;KNbkS
NahSúIGaløWm:g; dUecñHTahanNaEdldwgfafñak;elImñak;rbs;eK)anTak;TgenAkñúgkarb:geFVIXatd¾
kMsakmkelICIvitrbs;GñkdwknaM ¬GuIEtør¦ mansiT§iGacnwg)aj;smøab;CnenaHenAnwgkEnøg¡.
pþl;siT§isem,Imemø:H¡. cnñI d¾tUcl¥it QWeCIg bnÞab;BIedIrkñúgcm¶aypøÚvy:agEvg q¶ay
ehIyembBa¢akarrbs;Kat;)aneCrRbeTcKat;. cnñI TajkaMePøIgEvgrbs;Kat; ehIyERskfa
« »
elakembBa¢akarlYceFVIXatGuIEtør¡ ykGaenHeTA¡ sñÚrkaMePøIgmYyRKab;)anpÞúHeLIg ehIy
embBa¢akarEdlemIlgaymnusS Edlh‘ansþIbenÞaskUnTahanenaH)ankøayCamnusSmanCIvit
Gmt³ ¬b¤k¾ex~acGtm³eTIbRtÚv?¦. TIbMput RKb;eBlEdlm®nþIeyaFamYyrUbecjbBa¢aeTAkUn
Tahan b¤k¾CYbkUnTahan m®nþIenaHnwgelcenamdak;exa eRBaHkUnTahanmanGMNacCagem.
etIÉgGaceFVItamenaH b¤ k¾´RtÚvrMlgBIRbFanbTmYyeTARbFanbTmYyCafμIeTot? ´min
Gacecosvagva)aneT. TsSnvis½yénkarvilRtLb;eTAsalaeronvij enAExtula kMBugEteFVI[´
sb,aycitþxøaMgrhUtdl;minGacCamnusSsmehtupl)aneLIy¡ GU+¡ smøaj; ´manFøab;R)ab;Ég
ehIyb¤enAfa ´mincg;rg;caMRBwtþikarN_? sUmGP½yeTas[´pg XIFI BYkeKminehA´faCamnusS
RbmUlpþMúedayskmμPaBpÞúyy:agKμanehtuplenaHeT¡
112 esckþIceRmInedayekrþ×eQ~aHBieraHBisa.

XIFI smøaj;/
« »
karRbmUlpþMúskmμPaBpÞúy KWCacugbBa©b;énlixit´munenH ehIyvaCakarcab;epþIménlixit
« »
enHEdr. etIÉgGacR)ab;´)aneTfaetI karRbmUlpþMúskmμPaBpÞúy KWCaGVIeTA? etIskm~PaBpÞúy
mann½yy:agem:c? dUcCaBaküCaeRcInEdr BaküenHGacbkRsay)anBIry:ag³ PaBpÞúyEdlekIt
man edaysarmCÄdæanxagkñúgxøÜn. PaBpÞúyTImYyenaHmann½yfa minTTYlykeyabl;mnusSdéT
EtgKitfaxøÜndwgc,as;CageKbMput eFVIkarseRmccitþpþac;RB½Rt. nisS½yminKYr[cUlcitþTaMgenaH
RtÚv)aneKdwgGMBIrUb´. PaBpÞúyTIBIr KWCakarsm¶at;rbs;´ ehIycMeBaHerOgenaHKμannrNadwgGMBI
rUbéT.
dUc´)anR)ab;ÉgeRcIndgehIy ´)anBuHeRcókxøÜnCaBIr. xøÜnmçagmanPaBrIkray\t]bma
PaBminmuWgm:at; nigkarsb,aykñúgCIvitrs;enA ehIyCaBiesssmtßPaBenAkñúgkarvaytémøeday
KμanKitGVITaMgGs;. tamry³xøÜnmçagenH ćg;mann½yfa ´mineXIjmanGIxusqÁgTal;EtesaHedIm,I
Tak;TgKñaedayesñha efIbKña »brwtKña nig niyaykMEbøgGaRkk;GaRkI. xøÜn´mçagenHCaerOy²
kMBugEtrg;caMvaylukxøÜnmçageTot EdlbrisuT§Cag suICeRmACag nig l¥Cagq¶ayNas;. Kμan
nrNadwgrUbPaBl¥rbs; Gan; eT ehIydUcenH BYkeKk¾minGacRTaMnwgrUb´)anEdr. GU+¡ ´GacCatøúk
kMEbøgKYr[esIcsb,aysRmab;resolmYy b:uEnþbnÞab;BIenaH eKRKb;KñaEq¥tq¥n;nwgéhIy kñúg
ry³eBlmYyEx. CakarBit cMeBaHGñkKiteRCARCH ´KWdUcCaPaBynþmenaseBa©tnaG‘Ícwg RKan;Et
CaerOgkmSanþ qakkMEbøg GVIEdleKnwgePøceTAvijy:agqab;rh½s. vaminGaRkk; ehIyk¾minl¥
BiessGVIEdr. ´mincg;R)ab;ÉgdUecñHeT b:uEnþehtuGVI´minRtÚvsarPaBvaecjmk enAeBl´dwgfa
vaBitEmnenaH? Eb:kxagrak;kMEpl nig minmuWgm:at; nwgmaneRbóbeTAelIEb:kxageRCARCHrbs;´
Canic© ehIyvak¾QñHrhUt. ÉgminGacnwkKit)aneTfa etIRtÚvBüayamjwkjab;y:agNaedIm,Iruj
Eb:k Gan; EbbenHecj EdlmanEtBak;kNþalb:ueNÑaH RtÚv)aneKsÁal;faCa Gan; edIm,IvaypþÜl
nag niglak;bMBYnrUbnag. b:uEnþ vaminmanRbsiT§iPaBeT ehIy´dwgfamkBIehtuGVI.
´P½yxøacfa mnusSEdlsÁal;´dUcrUb´Fmμtanwgdwgfa ´manEb:kepSgmYyeTot KWCarUbEdl
l¥Cag nigRbéBCag. ´P½yxøacfa BYkeKnwgesIccMGk[´ ehIyKitfaĆamnusSEdlKYr[Gs;
sMeNIc EdleFVIb£kCarMePIb rYcBYkeKminykcitþTukdak;dl;rUb´. ´suaMnwgRtÚveKminykcitþTukdak;
« »
eTAehIy. b:uEnþ manEt Gan; Edl KitEtBIkarsb,ay EdlsuaMnwgGMeBIEbbenH ehIyGacs‘U
310 Gan;E®hVg
« »
RTaMEbbenH)an. Eb:krbs; Gan; Edl eRCARCH CagenH Tn;exSayeBkNas;. ebIsinCabgçM[
Gan; Edll¥ecjmkbgðajxøÜnry³eBldb;R)aMnaTI nagnwgbiTmat;dUcCaelossmuRT enARKaEdl
nagRtÚveKTak;Taj[niyay ehIybeNþay[rUb Gan; TImYyniyay. muneBlEdl´dwgdUecñaH
Gan; enaH)an)at;xøÜneTAehIy.
dUecñH rUb Gan; d¾l¥minRtÚv)aneXIjenACamYyeT. nagminEdlbgðajmuxmþgNaeLIy
eTaHbICaEtgEtelcmuxenAeBlénAEtÉgkþI. ´dwgy:agc,as;fa etIćg;y:agdUcemþc ý:ag
dUcemþc>>>enAxagkñúgxøÜn. b:uEnþCaGkusl xøÜný:agdUecñaHeTAehIy. ehIyRbEhlCaehtudUecñH
ehIy ¬eTminEmnRbEhleT KWR)akdcitþEtmþg¦ Edl´KiteXIjxøÜnÉgsb,aycitþenAEpñkxagkñúg
xøÜn ehIyGñkepSgKitfa ´sb,aycitþenAEpñkxageRkA. ´RtÚv)andwknaMeday Gan; EdlbrisuT§
enAEpñkxagkñúgxøÜn b:uEnþenAEpñkxageRkA ´KμanGVIeRkABIkUnBEBekøóvkøa cUlcitþelgeRcInEdlRbwg
Tajpþac;ExScgP¢ab;vaeLIy.
dUc´)anR)ab;ÉgehIyfa GVIEdlńiyay minEmnGVIEdl´mankñúgGarmμN_eT. dUecñHehIy
´manekrþ×eQμaHedaysarEtkarEccg;Rbus² RBmTaMgCaRsImJúikm:Jk; CamnusSKitfaxøÜnecH
RKb;y:ag nigCaGñkGanRbelamelak. Gan; EdlminecHxVl;nwgGVIenaH k¾esIc eFVIkareqøIytbmin
muWgm:at; jak;sμa nigeFVIButCanagminxVl;dwgGVITaMgGs;. rUb Gan; Edles¶óms¶at; manRbtikmμ
tamrebobepSg. ebIsinCaésμaHRtg;Gs;BIcitþ ńwgRtÚvsarPaBfa vaminsMxan;eTcMeBaH´
´BüayamCaxøagM edIm,Ipaø s;brÚþ xønÜ Ég b:Eu nþ´RtÚvRbyuTe§ dayKμanQb;QrTl;ngw sRtÚvEdlxøagM Cag.
«
sMeLgenAkñúgxøÜn´ kMBugEtxSwkxSÜlfa ÉgdwgeT ÉgkøayCay:agenaHehIy. ÉgRtÚv
eLamB½T§edayeyabl;GviC¢man rUbPaBRsgakcitþ nigTwkmuxcMGkLkLWy mnusSEdlmincUlcitþ
Ég ehIyTaMgGs;enaH eRBaHÉgminsþab;dMbUnμanrbs;rUb Gan; ÉgBak;kNþaleTotEdll¥RbesIr
»
Cag . eCOćuH ćg;sþab; b:uEnþvaminGaceFVIeTA)an eRBaHebI´s¶b;s¶at;nigmuWgm:at; eKRKb;KñaKit
fa ´kMBugmanskmμPaBfμI ehIy´RtÚvEtse®gÁaHxøÜnÉgedayniyaykMEbøg ehIyeRkaymk´min
TaMgniyayGMBIRKÜsarrbs;´pÞal; Edlsnμtfać,as;CaQW bRBa©kfñaMGas<IrIn nig fñaMgguyeKg
[´ sÞabknigf¶asédIm,Idwgfa etIékþAxønÜ b¤Gt; sYrGMBcI lnaeBaHevonrbs;´ ehIysþbI enÞas[´
cMeBaHkarEdl´manGarmμNm_ ni l¥ rhUtdl;´minGacRTaMva)anteTAeTot eRBaHenAeBlmnusSRKb;
KñaenArg;caMemIl´kñgú lkçN³minR)akdRbCa ćab;epþImRkBulmux ehIybnÞab;mkeRkómRkM ehIy
TIbMput k¾latRtdagebHdUgécjmk³ EpñkGaRkk;enAxageRkAEpñkl¥enAxagkñúg. eRkaymk´
BüayamrkmeFüa)ayedIm,IERbkøayxøÜneTACamnusStamkþIR)afñarbs;xøÜn ehIyGaceTACamnusS
ebIsinCa>>>ebIsinCaKμanmnusSdéTeTotkñúgBiPBelakenHpgenaH.
esovePAkMNt;ehturbs; Gan; cb;RtwmenH

312 Gan;E®hVg
Gvsankfa
enARBwkéf¶TI4 ExsIha qñaM1944 cenøaHBIem:agdb;eTAdb;nigsamsibnaTI rfynþmYy

eRKÓg)anQb;enAmuxGKar RBInsige®hÁt 263. mnusSCaeRcIn)anelcmuxecjBIrfynþ.
kñúgenaHmanBl)alb:UlisGavuFhtßGaløWm:g;mYyrUbeQμaH kal cUeshV suIlb½rbUeG esøókBak;
ÉksNæannigsmaCikb:UlissnþisuxRbdab;GavuFy:agehacNas;bInak;eTotCaCnCatihuløg; b:uEnþ
esøóksemøókbMBak;suIvil. c,as;CamannrNaeTAraykarN_R)ab;BYkeKehIy.
b:UlisGaløWm:g;)ancab;mnusSTaMgR)aMbInak;enAkñúgGKarbEnßm rYmTaMgCMnYykarrbs;BYkeKBIr
nak;pg KW vikF½r XuKø½r nig cUhan ekøm:g; b:uEnþmin)ancab; emob hÁIs nig eGlIhSaebt ¬ebb¦
v:UsÁÚ eT ehIy)anRbmUlykluy nigvtßúmantémøTaMgGs;EdlBYkeKRbTHeXIjenAkñúgGKarbEnßm.
bnÞab;BIkarcab;xøÜn XuKø½r nig ekøm:g; RtÚv)anbBa¢ÚneTAkan;mnÞIrXMuXaMgenARkúgGamsÞWdam.
enAéf¶TI11 ExkBaØa qñaM1944 BYkeKRtÚv)anbBa¢ÚneTAkan;CMrMmYyeTotenA eGmWshVÚt ¬RbeTs
hulgø ¦; edayKμankarkat;eTas. edaysarEtsuxPaBKat;Tn;exSay elakekømg: ; RtÚv)anedaHElg
enAéf¶TI18 ExkBaØa qñaM1944. Kat;sßitenARkúgGamsÞWdamdEdl rhUtdl;Kat;)anTTYlmrN
PaBenAqñaM1959.
XuKø½r )anseRmcrt;eKcxøÜnecjBIkarXMuXaMgedayeCaKC½y enAéf¶TI28 ExmIna qñaM
1945 enAeBlKat;nigGñkeTasdéTeTot kMBugRtÚveKbBa¢ÚneTARbeTsGaløWm:g; eFVICakmμkrEdl
eFVIkaredaybgç.M Kat;)aneFVGI enþaRbevsn_eTArs;enARbeTskaNadaenAqña1M 955 ehIy)anTTYl
mrNPaB enARkúgtUr:ugtU113 kñúgqñaM1989.
eGlIhSaebt ¬ebb¦ v:UsÁÚ vik )ansøab;enARkúgGamsÞWdam kñúgqñaM1983.
emob sanRtÚsQIt hÁIs rs;dl;sBVéf¶enATIRkúgGamsÞWdam. b:uEnþ eCn sVamIrbs;
Kat;)ansøab;enAqñaM1993.
enAeBlBYkeKRtÚvcab;xøÜn Gñkrs;enAGKarbEnßmTaMgR)aMbInak; dMbUgRtÚv)anbBa¢ÚneTAkan;
mnÞIrXMuXaMgmYy enAkñúgRkúgGamsÞWdam ehIyeRkaymkRtÚv)anbBa¢ÚnbnþeToteTAkan; evsÞ½rb‘rk_
EdlCaCMrMbeNþaHGasnñsRmab;CnCatiCVIhV sßitenAPaKxageCIgRbeTshuløg;. BYkeKRtÚv)an
113 CardæFanI nigCaTIRkúgFMCageKénextþGg;tarIy:U kñúgRbeTskaNada.

nireTsenAéf¶TI3 ExkBaØa qñaM1944 CamYyk,ÜnrfePøIgcugeRkay ecjBI evsÞ½rb‘rk_ ehIy)an

mkdl; GUsQVic114 ¬RbeTsb:ULÚj¦ enAeBlbIéf¶eRkaymk.
Ehrm:an; v:an; Epl ¬v:an; daGan¦ RtÚv)aneKbMBuleday]sμ½nrhUtdl;søab;enAGUsQVic
naExtulab¤vicäika qñaM1944 KWmuneBlEdlbnÞb;EpSgBulRtÚv)aneKrMlayecalbnþic. enHebI
eyagtamksiNsakSIrbs; GUtU E®hVg.
GUháas; v:an; Epl epRtÚeNLa ¬v:an; daGan¦ RtÚv)anbBa¢ÚnBI GUsQVic kat;tam bWCin-
Eblsin115 nig b‘cu qinv:l116
; mkkan; efer:snIu sþad117 enAéf¶T9I Exemsa qña1M 945 ehIybnÞab;
BIenaH TMngCaRtÚv)anbBa¢ÚneTACMrMRbmUlpþMúmYyepSgeTot. vaR)akdehIyfa Kat;minrs;ranman
CIviteT eTaHbICaeKmindwgBIeBlevlaénmrNPaBrbs;Kat;kþI.
«
pitF½r v:an; Epl ¬v:an; daGan¦ RtÚv)anbgçM[cUlrYm BüúhyaRtamrN³ enAéf¶TI16 »
Exmkra qñaM1945 BI GUsQVic eTAkan; m:UfUesn ¬RbeTsGURTIs¦ EdlKat;)ansøab;enATIenaH

enAéf¶TI5 Ex]sPa qñaM1945 KWbIéf¶munnwgCMrMenaHRtÚv)anrMedaH.
®hVIts_ ehVhV½r Gal;bWt ¬DusEsl¦ )ansøab;enAéf¶TI20 ExFñÚ qñaM1944 enACMrMRbmUl
pþMú NWeGnehÁm118 EdlKat;RtÚv)aneKbBa¢ÚnmkBI b‘ucqinv:l; b¤k¾ saesnhUesn119.
eGDIt E®hVg )ansøab;enA GUsQVic-bWkxiNU120 naéf¶TI6 Exmkra qñaM1945 edaysar
ehvht;Gs;kmøaMg nig karGt;Gahar.
m:ahÁút nig Gan; E®hVg RtÚv)anbBa¢ÚnBI GUsQVic enAcugExtula mkkan;CMrMRbmUlpþMú bWCin-
Eblsin EdlCaCMrMmYyenACit hanNUvWu ¬RbeTsGaløWm:g;¦. karratt,aténCMgWRKúneBaHevon
)anekItmaneLIgenArdUvrga cenøaHqñaM1944-1945 edaysarEtPaBxVHGnam½ykñúgCMrM
ehIy)ansmøab;GñkeTasrab;Ban;nak;rYmmanTaMg m:ahÁút nigBIrbIéf¶eRkaymk Gan; pg. nag
114 RkúgmYyenAkñúgRbeTsb:ULÚjPaKxagt,Úg kñúgGMLúgs®gÁamelakelIkTIBIrvaKWCaCMrMRbmUlpþúMFMCageKrbs;rbbNasSúI.
115 PUmimYyenARbeTsGaløWm:g;PaKxageCIg enAxageCIghaNUevI. vaKWCaCMrMRbmUlpþúMrbs;rbbNahSúIkñúgGMLúgs®gÁamelak
elIkTIBIr.
116 PUmimYyenAPUmiPaKkNþalRbeTsGaløWm:g; CitRkúgvIm:a vaKWCaCMrMRbmUlpþúMrbs;BYkNahSúIkñúgGMLúgs®gÁamelakelIkTI2.
117 CaRkúgmYyenAkñúgeqkeqo, eRbIR)as;edayCnCatiGaløWm:g; edIm,IbegáItCatMbn;mYysMrab;CnCatiCVIhVrs;enA.
118 CaCMrMRbmUlpþúMrgrbs;CMrMRbmUlpþúM saesn hUesn enAkñúgRbeTsGaløWm:g;.
119 CaCMrMRbmUlpþúMzitenAkñúgRbeTsGaløWm:g;xagekIt.
120 CaeQμaHCMrMRbmUlpþMúEdlbegáIteLIgenAqñaM1941 zitenAkñúgRbeTsb:ULÚj.

314 Gan;E®hVg
R)akdCasøab;enAcugExkumÖ³ b¤ edImExmIna. saksBrbs;ekμgRsICMTg;TaMgBIrnak;RbEhlCaRtÚv

)aneKykeTAcak;ecalkñúgreNþAsaksBrYmenA bWCin-Eblsin. CMrMenaHRtÚv)ankgT½BGg;eKøs
cUlrMedaHenAéf¶TI12 Exemsa qñaM1945.
GUtU E®hVg KWCamnusSEtmñak;Kt;kúñgcMeNamGñkTaMgR)aMbI Edl)anenArs;ranmanCIvitBICMrM
RbmUlpþMú. bnÞab;BI GUsQVic RtÚv)anrMedaHedaykgT½BrusSúI Kat;RtÚv)aneKeFVImatuPUminivtþn_mk
kan;RkúgGamsÞdW am tam GUedsSa nig m:aresl_. Kat;)anmkdl;TRI kúgGamsÞdW am enAéf¶T3I Ex
mifuna qñaM1945 ehIyenATIenaHrhUtdl;qñaM1953 bnÞab;mkKat;pøas;mkenA )aehSl ¬RbeTs
sVIs¦ CaTIRkúgEdlbgb¥ÚnRsIKat; nigRKÜsarrbs;eK ehIyeRkaymkbgb¥ÚnRbúsKat;pg rs;enA.
Kat;)anerobkarnwg EGl®hVdI m:arkUvtI hárW nI c½r EdlmanedImkMeNItmkBIRkúgvIey:n121 Edl)an
rYcCIvitBI GUsQVic ehIy)an)at;bg;bþI nigkUnRbúsenA m:UfUesn. GUtU E®hVg )anbnþrs;enA
bWsEhVldin Ek,rTIRkúg )aehSl EdlCakEnøgEdlKat;)ancMNayeBlevlaTaMgGs;rbs;xøÜn
edIm,IpSBVpSayesovePAkMNt;ehturbs;kUnRsIKat; eTA[mnusSTaMgGs;enACMuvijBiPBelak rhUt
dl;eBlKat;TTYlmrNPaBenAéf¶TI19 ExsIha qñaM1980.
121 CardæFanInigCaRkúgEdlFMCageKenARbeTsGURTIs zitenAPaK|sanénRbeTs.

Gan; E®hVg
kMNt;ehturbs;ekμgRsImñak;
kMENERbfμI manlkçN³sñiT§sñal nig sBVRCúgeRCaydMbUgbg¥s;
sþIBIPaBcas;TMurbs;GñkniBn§v½yekμgKYr[Rslaj;
kMNt;ehtud¾cEmøkGs©arürbs; Gan; E®hVg RtÚv)ansresrenAkñúgsáakénTIRkúgGamsÞWdam

CakEnøgEdlnagnigRKÜsarrbs;nag)anlak;xnÜø BIBkY NahSúI Gs;ry³eBlBIrqñaM ehIysñaédenH)an
køayeTACaksiNsakSICanirnþrs_ xM an;bpM tu rbs;BPi BelakcMeBaHsμartImnusS. enAkñgú kare)aHBumf< Iμ
elIkenH sm,ÚredayvKÁCaeRcInEdlRtÚv)an«Bukrbs;naglak;Tuk kalBIdMbUgenaH eyIgnwg)an
CYb Gan; mñak;Edlkan;EtBitR)akd nigRbéBRBmTaMgsMxan;CageBlmun².
enAkñúgesovePAenH nagKWCaekμgRsICMTg;mñak;d¾sMxan;bMput EdlmancritesμaHRtg; mingaker
manGarmμN_Tn;exSay nig Rslaj;CIvit. naglatRtdag[dwgBIBiPBGaf’kM)aMgy:agxøaMgénkarKit
KUrkñúgGarmμN_ kareRtkRtGalcg;)anesckþIfñak;fñm karb:HTgÁicy:agRteKaHe)aHe)akCamYy
mþayrbs;nag menaseBa©tna nig lkçN³ePTEdleBIbRbTHdMbUgkñúgCIvit nig karsegátd¾buin
Rbsb; nigqøatévcMeBaHmitþPkþirbs;nag. xN³eBlEdlRbQmmuxnwgPaBGt;Xøan esckþIP½yxøac
ERkgeKrkeXIj nig cMeBaHesckþIsøab; nig kartUccitþtUceføImcMeBaHkarrs;enAbgçaMgxøÜnenAkEnøg
EbbenH Gan; )ansresresovePAenHedaymanKMnti CamnusScas;TuM ehIysmøgw emIleXIjhYsBI
Gayurbs;nag. erOgrbs;nagdUcCaerOgrbs;ekμgCMTg;²RKb;rUbEdr ehIyqøúHbBa©aMgGMBICIvitrbs;
nagenAkñúgsßanPaB EdlekμgCMTg;mYycMnYntUcb:ueNÑaH)andwg.
316 sTÞanuRkm Gan;E®hVg kMNt;ehturbs;ek~gRsImñak;
sTÞanuRkm
kasaebøgka (Casablanca) TIRkúgFMCageKenARbeTsm:ar:uk. CakMBg;EpsMxan;enA
Ga®hVikxageCIg.
kasSúN
I U (Cassino) CaTIRbCMuCnmYyrbs;RbeTsGIutalI EdlzitenAPaK
GaeKñyé_ nTIRkúgr:mU .
kaeL (Calais) kMBg;EpsmuRTenAkñúgRbeTs)araMgPaKxageCIgCit
RbeTsGg;eKøs.
kaeGn (Caen) RkúgmYyenAkñúgRbeTs)araMgPaKxageCIg zitenATis
nirtIRkúgLWhav.
kugt_ (Count) garrbs;RtkUlGPiCnenAGWr:ub ¬]TahrN_ RbeTs
)araMg b¤GuItalI¦.
kULÚj (Cologne) TIRkúgénRbeTsGaløWm:g;PaKxaglic.
Rkayemo (Crimea) Ca]bTVIbenAkñúgRbeTsG‘uyERkn.
RkÚteLn (Krautland) CaeQ~aHehACMnYs[RbeTsGaløWm:g;.
eqsþNat; (Chestnut) RbePTedImeQImanEpøEdlmanbnøa nigmanRKab;Gac
briePaK)an EdlCaTUeTAeKykvaeTAbMBg.
CnCatiesokasSúI (Circassian) CaCnCatiEdlrs;enAtMbn;PaK|sanéneqñrsmuRT
ex~A.
Cvelx (Shorthand) viFIsresrGkSrrh½sedayeRbIsBaØa b¤ rebob
sresrGkSrkat;.
EQrbWhÁ (Cherbourg) RkúgmYyenARbeTs)araMg enAPaKxagBay½Bü.
dMLÚgXuehÁl (Potato kugel) CanMdMLÚgeconmü:agrbs;CnCatiCVIhV enAGWr:ub PaK
bUB’a.
DIeyb (Dieppe) RkúgmYyenAPaK|sankñgú RbeTs)araMgenAtamQUg
smuRTRbeTsGg;eKøs zitenAxageCIgRkúgrUGg;.
eDm saEXVr (Dam Square) KWCavisaldæansMxan;bMputenAkñúgTIRkúgGamsÞWdam
RbeTshuløg;.
sTÞanuRkm Gan;E®hVg kMNt;ehturbs;ek~gRsImñak; 317
eRDnf_ (Drenthe) CaextþmYyénRbeTshuløg; zitenAkñúgPaKxagekIt

énRbeTs.
NabøW (Naples) RkúgmYyzitkñúgPUmiPaKkNþalEb:kxagt,ÚgénRbeTs
GuItalI tamqksmuRTNabøW.
NWeGnehÁm (Neuengamme) CaCMrMRbmUlpþúMrgrbs;CMrMRbmUlpþúMsaesn hU e sn
enAkñúgRbeTsGaløWm:g;.
taragBgSavlI (Family tree) ExSjativgS/ cMbYrvgSRtkUl.
tUr:ugtU (Toronto) CardæFanI nigCaTIRkugFMCageKénextþGg;tarIy:U kñúg
RbeTskaNada.
etsþam:g; (Testament) Km<IrRKisþsasna EdlmanEckCaBIrEpñkFM² K W
etsþam:g;cas;EdlRsedogeTAnwgKm<Irrbs;BYk
hibRb‘W nigetsþam:g;f~IniyayGMBIkarRbTanrbs;
RBHeys‘U.
Etl GavIv (Tel Aviv) CaTIRkúgFMCageKTIBIrrbs;RbeTsGuI®sþaEGl.
efer:suInsþad (Theresienstadt) CaRkúgmYyenAkñúgeqkeqor eRbIR)as;edayCnCati
GaløWm:g; edIm,IbegáItCatMbn;mYysRmab;CnCatiCVIhV
rs;enA.
TwkRClk;mUtak (Mustard sauce) TwkRClk;EdlpSMBIrukçCatimUtakCamYynigTwkexμH.
TwklIm:UNad (Lemonade) ePsC¢³EdleFVImkBITwkRkÚcqμa sár nigTwk.
TuynIs (Tunis) rdæFanIénRbeTsTuyensuI zitenAPaKxageCIgénRbeTs.
FBaØCatie®hÁatS_ (Groats) RKab;FBaØCatiEdleKbksMbkrYc CaTUeTAeKykvaeTA
bukedIm,IbksMbk CaBiessKWRsUvGUk.
F½rNUpUl (Ternopol) RkúgmYyenAPaKnirtITIRkúgekov RbeTsG‘uyERkn.
nb (Sleeping bag) sMBt; b¤ PYyRkas;manrUtsRmab;cUledkkñúgenaH
CaBiess eBlenAxageRkApÞH.
nMXuKI (Cookie) nMEp¥m manragsMEb:ttUc².
nM buWTItS hV½r (Petit four) nMEp¥mtUc² Cajwkjab;eKtubEtgvaCaragnMexk b¤
nMb‘IsÁIt CaTUeTAeKhUbeRkayeBlGahar.
nMép®sþÚbWrI (Strawberry tart) nMdutlayEpø®sþÚbWrI.
nMehSN½r (Genoise) nMEdlmantubEtglm¥edaybWry:agRbNit.
bEnøb‘Ít (Beet salad) CabEnøEdlmanemImBN’Rkhmcas;.
bWCni -Eblsin (Bergen-Belsen) PUmimYyenARbeTsGaløWm:g;PaKxageCIg enAxageCIg
haNUevI. vaKWCaCMrRM bmUlpþúMrbs;rbbNahSúI kñ ú g
GMLúgs®gÁamelakelIkTIBIr.
buNüRbmUlpl pinFIxs (Pentecost) eQμaHbuNüRbmUlplrbs;CnCatiCVIhV Edlman
ry³eBl50éf¶.
buNü saMg nIkULas (St. Nicholas) KWéf¶Qb;sRmakrbs;BYkRKisþsasnikCn EdleFIV
eLIgenAéf¶TI6 ExFñÚ EdlCaéf¶RBHnIkULassøab;.
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Photo by Youk Chhang
Ser Sayana grew up listening to her family’s stories of the suffering inflicted on them and other
Cambodians by the Khmer Rouge. Sayana lost three of her grandparents and many other
relatives during the regime. Her parents were evacuated from Phnom Penh and forced into
hard labor from 1975 to 1979. Born in 1981 in Phnom Penh to parents of Javanese descent,
Sayana started working for the Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) in 1998 as a
volunteer and has compiled an extensive collection of poems, songs, and slogans of the Khmer
Rouge. She is also assisting in the production of DC-Cam’s magazine Searching for the truth,
which is distributed to villages around the country. This is her first translation of a book.
ANNE FRANK
THE DIARY OF A YOUNG GIRL
Translated into the Khmer Language

by Ser Sayana
Edited by Youk Chhang
Translation Series No. 2 Documentation Center of Cambodia

We would like to extend our special thanks to Mr. Cees Kieft for his ongoing material and moral support, without
which this translation of The Diary of Anne Frank would not have been possible.
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esovePAkM N t; e htu

The translator is grateful to Stacy Knecht for her editorial assistance

THE DIARY OF A YOUNG GIRL: THE DEFINITIVE EDITION

Copyright © 1991 by The Anne Frank-Fonds, Basel, Switzerland

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 94-41379

No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form

Bantam Books are published by Bantam Books, a division of Bantam

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

ANNE FRANK: The Diary Of A Young Girl

The Diary Of A Young Girl

Youk Chhang, Director

Phnom Penh, November 22, 2002

Anne Frank’s ordeal bears resemblance to the personal history of

have led to a strong resolve that the international community should

The Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) has done much

Rouge as well as to inform Cambodians and others about what

happened during those dark years. The Netherlands government has

diary into the Khmer language.

Gerard J.H.C. Kramer.

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