Raw Material Blow Room Carding Combing Drawing Sipmlex Ring Spinning Winding / Auto Cone Air Conditioning

Model Of a Spinning Unit

Raw Material
Different types of fabrics are made from different kinds of raw materials (e.g: Cotton, Silk, Mohair, Kashmere, Viscose, Lyocell, Polyester, blended etc.). All kinds of fibres belong their own chemical and physical properties. These properties play a great role in appearance of fabrics. In Spinning process different fibres bahave in different ways, cause of that technical parameters for machines vary material to material .

During selection of raw material for spinning, the following properties will be considerable: Before I explain about the fibre properties, want to clear that all these parameters are explained on the basis of HVI and only for cotton fibre. Synthetic fibres are illegible and are sold by manufacturers per requested parameters (Length and Denier / Mic / Tex). 1. Micronaire(Mic) - It's the fineness of a single fibre and shows the size of fibre taken in crosssection. 2. Fibre Length - Fibre length on a beard of cotton on HVI (High Volume Instrument) and is determined in hundredths of an inch and equivalent staple length in 32 (Thirty-second) of an inch. This factor direclty effects on yarn strength and spinning efficiency. 3. Length Uniformity - This factor measures the degree of fibre length uniformity in a bundle. Length uniformity is directly proportional to the yarn strentgh, yarn uniformity and spinning efficiency.

Blow Room

Blow Room - It's the very first department in Textile Spinning. Blow Room can carry a sequence of different machines, reserved for their individual operation. Blow Room performes the following operations:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Raw material opening into small flocks and smaller Removal of impurities and cleaning Mixing Micro dust elimination and Transportation of material to cards (If the cards are connected with the Blow Room line).

Material transportation is carried out by high speed Material Trans. Ventilators (MTV- fans) through pipe lines.

Carding

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Carding-In yarn production, a process of separating individual fibres, causing many of them to lie parallel and removing most of the remaining impurities. Cotton, wool, waste silk, and man-made staple are subjected to carding. Carding produces a thin sheet of uniform thickness that is then condensed to form a thick, continuous, untwisted strand called sliver. When very fine yarns are desired, carding is followed by combing. Carded sliver is then spun.

Machine for carding textile fibres: In the 18th century, hand carding was laborious and constituted a bottleneck in the newly mechanized production of textiles. Several inventors worked to develop machines to perform the task, notably John Kay, Oliver Evans, Lewis Paul, R. Arkwright, and Johann Bodmer.

Carding- This plays a great and most important role in spinning especially regarding quality, why it calls as "HEART OF QUALITY". The higher the speed may cause the danger effects on quality.The carding machines production varies from 50 to 110 Kgs/hour.The feed is in the form of lap and end product known as the Crad Sliver.

The main obectives of carding process are:

To open the raw material lap into fibres(seprate), Removal of impurities (trash, seed coats etc.), Removal of dust, Elimination of Neps, Discharge the Short fibres, Fibre orientation

PRODUCTION (CALCULATIONS): Production in Kgs/Hour (P) = (1.0936 x 60 x Del.Speed x Eff.%) / (Hanks(Nec) x 36 x 840 x2.2045) Where; Del. Speed in M/Min Nec - English Cotton Count Production in Kgs/Hour (P) = (Del.Speed x K.Tex x 60 x Eff.%) / 1000 Where; Del. Speed in M/Min K.Tex - Kilo Tex DRAFT (CALCULATIONS): Total Draft = (Lap weight in gm/m) / (Sliver weight in gm/m); OR Total Draft = (Fed Grains/yard) / ( Del. Grains/Yard)

Combing

Combing-When very fine yarns are desired, carding is followed by combing, a process that removes short fibres, delevering a sliver composed entirely of long fibres, all laid parallel and smoother and more lustrous than uncombed types. Afterwards, combed sliver is then spun.

Drawing

In yarn manufacture, process of attenuating a loose assemblage of fibres. or drafting These fibres, called sliver, pass through a series of rollers, which straighten the individual fibres and make them more parallel. Each pair of rollers spins faster than the previous one. Drawing reduces a soft mass of fibres to a firm uniform strand of usable size. For synthetic fibres, drawing is a stretching process applied to fibres in the plastic state, increasing orientation and reducing size.

Simplex

FL 100 SIMPLEX MACHINE PROPERTY OF TOYOTA TEXTILE MACHINERY'S

Ring Spinning

OPS - The production "Ounce per spindle", its the production in ounces per spindle for 8 hours or per shift. Its determines as: S.No. 1 Nomenclature O.P.S. Formula

2 3

T.P.I. Spindle Speed

Draft in Ring

Yarn Pitch (Count wise)

Auto Cone

This is the most modern invention of MURATEC MACHINERY JAPAN. 21C means "The touch of 21st century".

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Regarding the winding machines, the first main and important point to remember is the "MACHINE'S DIRECTION". These machines are built on the base of Left Hand Side (L.H.S.) & Right Hand SIde (R.H.S.).

SHARING YOUR LIFE - MURATEC TEXTILE SOLUTIONS - SHLAFHORST

S.No. 1

Nomenclature

Formula

Production in Lbs / Spindle / Shift Winding Speed (m/Min)

Count

Pre Clearer Gauge

Yarn Tenssion (gms)

Cone Density

Details about Cone Density

Doffing Time of Full Cone

Air Conditioning
It is very important to maintain the atmospheric conditions (Temperature, Humidity etc.) in a Spinning Mill. These factors directly effect on the process and on the quality of the product. These atmospheric conditions are different for different materials and vary in each spinning department. In order to measure these quantities uses a meter which known as "HYGROMETER". This device contains two different graduated bars, out of them first calls as DRY BULB and second one as WET BULB. These bars show the dry & wet temperatures at the point Hygrometer is fitted. By knowing these values we can calculate the Humidity % at that point in the department.

Temperature Conversion Calculator

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A Model of a spinning unit:

At every step of spinning, the quality of processed material is to be checked by the Quality Assurance Department. In case of any non-confirmity technical changes will be made in order to remove such nonconfirmences.