Let / Make / Have / Get The following is a mini-tutorial on the use of the causative verbs "let," "make," "have,"

and "get." After you have studied the tutorial, complete the associated exercises. If you already know how to use these verbs, you can skip the explanation and go directly to the exercises. Let FORM [let + person + verb] USE This construction means "to allow someone to do something." Examples: John let me drive his new car. Will your parents let you go to the party? I don't know if my boss will let me take the day off. Make FORM [make + person + verb] USE This construction means "to force someone to do something." Examples: My teacher made me apologize for what I had said. Did somebody make you wear that ugly hat? She made her children do their homework. Have FORM [have + person + verb] USE This construction means "to give someone the responsibility to do something." Examples: Dr. Smith had his nurse take the patient's temperature. Please have your secretary fax me the information. I had the mechanic check the brakes. Get FORM [get + person + to + verb] USE This construction usually means "to convince to do something" or "to trick someone into doing something."

Examples: Susie got her son to take the medicine even though it tasted terrible. How can parents get their children to read more? The government TV commercials are trying to get people to stop smoking. Get vs. Have Sometimes "get someone to do something" is interchangeable with "have someone do something," but these expressions do not mean exactly the same thing. Examples: I got the mechanic to check my brakes. AT FIRST THE MECHANIC DIDN'T THINK IT WAS NECESSARY, BUT I CONVINCED HIM TO CHECK THE BRAKES. I had the mechanic check my brakes. I ASKED THE MECHANIC TO CHECK THE BRAKES.

Causatives Introduction The causative is a common structure in English. It is used when one thing or person causes another thing or person to do something. This page will explain how causatives are formed, and how to use them. Basic causative structures There are two basic causative structures. One is like an active, and the other is like a passive. These examples use the causative verb "have": Active I had John fix the car. (I arranged for the car to be fixed by John I caused him to fix it.) The active causative structure This is the basic structure of the active form, along with some more examples: Subject Susan The police We Causative verb had had had Agent her brother the suspect the carpenter Action verb do stop fix Object her homework. his car. our window. Passive I had the car fixed. (I arranged for the car to be fixed by someone. We don't know who, so this is like a passive.)

The passive causative structure In the passive form, there is usually no agent. The action verb is in the past participle, and the object comes before it: Subject We Causative verb had Object our door Action verb fixed.

Subject Yukiko Sanjay

Causative verb had had

Object her hair the windows

Action verb cut. cleaned.

Other causative verbs All the examples above use the causative verb have. However, many other verbs can be used in causatives. In the active form, som of these verbs require the action verb to have to before it. These are some examples of the most common causative verbs. Verb Meaning Form of Action Verb Examples The robbers made us lie on the make force, compel plain form floor. [No passive form] same as "have" I got Jae Won to pick me up in the "to" form car. She got her hair cut. plain form I'll let you borrow my bike. [No passive form]

get

let

allow

Third Conditional We use Third Conditional to talk about or write about past unreal situations, past situations that didn't actually happen. For example: If I had studied harder, I would have passed the test. So, I didn't study harder and I didn't pass the test, but this sentence describes a different past, an unreal past, an imagined past. They would have bought it if they had had more money.

How we make Third Conditional Third Conditionals have two parts, and the verb in each part is different. The if part uses a Past Perfect form, and the other part uses a would have done pattern. We separate the two parts with a comma. If I had arrived earlier, I would have met him. SOURCE: http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/courses/elc/studyzone/490/grammar/