GLOSARIO ESPAOL-INGLS DE PALABRAS Y EXPRESIONES TILES CON ACTUALIZACIN PERIDICA ltima actualizacin: 05-09-2012 CONTIENE 4 214 PALABRAS Y EXPRESIONES

CON EJEMPLOS DE USO EN CONTEXTOS TPICOS TOMADOS DE LA VIDA REAL

SPANISH-ENGLISH GLOSSARY OF USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS WITH PERIODIC UPDATING Latest updating: 09-05-2012 4 214 WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS WITH EXAMPLES OF USE IN TYPICAL CONTEXTS TAKEN FROM REAL LIFE

Banco de Crdito y Comercio (BANDEC) Compilacin: Juan Cajaraville (cajaraville@oc.bandec.cu)

Ud. puede acceder a este Glosario actualizado a travs del Portal Interbancario (http://www.interbancario.cu/), en la Seccin Publicaciones de la pgina inicial, bajo el ttulo Glosario de trminos

NDICE INDEX [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [H] [I] [J] [L] [M] [N] [O] [P] [Q] [R] [S] [T] [U] [V] [Y] [Z]

a bajo precio: at low cost (integrating personnel from volunteer service agencies is often seen as an effective way to achieve development results at low cost.); low-priced (Besides, our high quality low priced products have obtained the SGS certificate.); cheaply (Send text messages cheaply and easily with goober.) A buen entendedor con pocas palabras basta.: A nod is as good as a wink. / A word to the wise is enough. A buen hambre no hay pan duro.: Hunger is the best sauce. A caballo regalado no se le mira el diente.: Never look a gift horse in the mouth. a cambio de: in exchange for ( in exchange for raw materials.); in return for (Firstly: what would be obtained in return for the money?) a cambio: in exchange (But in exchange, they demanded) a cargo de: in charge of (The vice-president in charge of marketing services) / (Three SOCBs (Banco Metropolitano, Banco de Crdito y Comercio, and Banco Popular de Ahorro) are in charge of providing the new loans and financial services.) a causa de: because of (They were late because of the snow.); on account of (She claimed that she was denied admission to the school on account of her race.) a cobrar: receivable (Losses on credit card receivable and personal loans remained stable compared to 2009.) a comienzos de: in early (in early year) (in early last year) a condicin de que: provided (that) (You may come provided it is early.) a continuacin: hereafter (The IFRS items that had to be reclassified in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position are presented hereafter.) a corto plazo: short-term (Short-term interest rates are going down.) a crdito: on credit (If they wanted to buy a fridge or a TV on credit) a decir verdad/en verdad: as a matter of fact (As a matter of fact, an examination of the accounts in question showed...) a diferencia de: in contrast with (She is quite petite, in contrast with her tall sister.); unlike (Unlike most export credit agencies ); in contrast to (In contrast to many of the Heads of State or Government, we are declaring our support) A Dios rogando y con el mazo dando: God helps those who help themselves a discrecin de: at the discretion of (The decision is left at the discretion of the Minister of Economy.) a efectos de: for the purposes of / for the purpose of (If invited to do so, they may assist for the purposes of clarification or information) a escala nacional: on a national scale (Better coordination on a national scale would also in certain cases facilitate...); nationwide (a nationwide survey) a ese respecto: in that regard (In that regard, combating impunity is a factor in preventing the commission of such acts against civilians.) a este respecto: in this regard (In this regard, it will be recalled that as part of Phase I of its strategic plan, the Bank achieved); in this respect (Switzerland is a good example in this respect.) a favor de: payable to (Please make your check payable to Broadway Antiques.) a fin de que: so that (He lied so that she would go free.) a fin de: in order to (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) a finales del presente ao: at the end of the present year (Even better, the current projection indicates that at the end of the present year incomes will exceed expenditures.); at the end of the current year a gran escala: large-scale (Large-scale state enterprises formed only a small part of its economy.) a grandes rasgos: in broad outline (The President of the Commission introduced the communication in broad outline.) a inicios del ao: at the beginning of the year (continues to grow strongly, beating the forecasts made at the begining of the year.) a la baja: downward (It is the responsibility of scientists to slow this downward trend.) a la inversa de lo que: contrary to what (Contrary to what some people are saying)

a la inversa: the other way around (Politics must control the market and not the other way around.) a la larga: in the long run (In the long run, that would also be bad for the Chinese people.) A la ocasin la pintan calva.: You have to strike while the iron is hot. / You have to make the most of the chances that come your way. a la par con: at par with (At par with the highest quality standards in the world, these products); on par with (Adjusted return on equity reached 17.7%, on par with the top-performing Canadian institutions.) a la par: at par (The shares are callable at par after three years and may be repurchased at any time under certain conditions.) a la vanguardia: on the leading edge (Smith and Baird remain on the leading edge of the industry.) a la vez: all at once (It is not intended that changes happen all at once ) a la vista: at sight (The documents issued at sight or without a due date are subject to a 0.5% flat rate.); on demand (Payable on demand and after notice.) a largo plazo: long-term (Economic capital thus helps determine the equity capital the Bank requires to protect itself against such risks and ensure its long-term viability.) a las que/a los que/a aquellas que/a aquellos que: to those that (new investments were limited to those that generate foreign exchange earnings in the short term and substitute imports) A lo hecho pecho.: It is no use crying over spilt milk. a lo largo de este ao: in the course of this year (work will be presented to the Council in the course of this year.) a lo largo de los aos: over the years (Much of that has changed over the years.) a lo largo de los ltimos aos: over the last few years (The national and international macroeconomic context in which the Argentine economy has developed over the last few years has been somewhat changeable.) a lo largo de su existencia: throughout its existence (Throughout its existence as a state, Israel has contravened this Article of the UN Charter on many occasions); during its lifetime (During its lifetime a knowledge community could develop in a number of way..) a lo largo de todo el ao: all the year round (maintaining a practically uniform temperature all the year round.) a lo largo de: throughtout (the terminology used throughout the proposal); over (The campaign needs to continue over the next two years.) a lo mas: at best (at best, well just manage to cover costs) a lo sumo: at most (The idea is to keep at most the specialist services.); at the most (Therefore this would be only for a few decades, at the most.) a los efectos de: to the effects of (This impact assessment focuses exclusively on the issues pertaining to the effects of fragmentation, notably on consumers and businesses. a mediados de/en el centro de/en mitad de/en medio de: in the middle of (in the middle of May) / (the industries are concentrated in the middle of the country) / (in the middle of the night) / (in the middle of a recession) a mediados del ao: in the middle of the year (Annual HICP inflation peaked in the middle of the year, reaching 4.0% in both June and July.) a medida que pasa el tiempo: as time goes by (It is something that we will see evolving as time goes by.) a medida que: as (and is increasing as new relationships are formed.) a medida que vencen: as they become due (to fulfil its obligations as they become due) a medio plazo: medium-term (To reflect its strategic priorities and changes to the rules of the Basel Accord, the Bank has modified certain medium-term objectives.) a menos que se acuerde otra cosa: unless otherwise agreed (Lack of agreement will not constitute sufficient reason to extend a meeting, unless otherwise agreed.) a menos que se diga otra cosa: unless otherwise stated (Unless otherwise stated, all amounts presented in the Managements Discussion and Analysis are expressed in Canadian dollars.) a menos que se indique otra cosa: unless otherwise indicated (A blank in a table indicates that the item is not applicable, unless otherwise indicated.) a menos que: unless (Rules are of no value, of course, unless they are enforced.) a menos y hasta que: unless and until (Such a decision shall have binding effect unless and until overruled on appeal.) a mitad del ao: in the middle of the year (Iberdrola signed a contract with National Grid in the middle of the year.) a no ser que se acuerde otra cosa: unless otherwise agreed (Law of the state of New York will apply to the resolution of the dispute

unless otherwise agreed in writing.) a no ser que se indique lo contrario: unless otherwise stated (Unless otherwise stated, all amounts presented in the Managements Discussion and Analysis are expressed in Canadian dollars.) a no ser que: unless (Law of the state of New York will apply to the resolution of the dispute unless otherwise agreed in writing.) a nombre de: on behalf of (The request is made on behalf of the Executive Director of the South Centre.) / (On behalf of the executive management team, I wish to acknowledge); in behalf of; in (someones) behalf; on (someones) behalf a pagar: unpaid ( plus all declared and unpaid dividends at the date fixed for redemption.) A palabras necias, odos sordos.: Take no notice of the stupid things people say. a partir de ahora: from now on (The seminar will take place every two years from now on.); starting from now (Starting from now this reading should be enriched with new perspectives); hereafter (I will let you in this time, but hereafter you have to get permission in advance.) a partir de entonces: since then (Since then, we have been awaiting a genuine proposal from the Council.); from then on (From then on, it is expected that it will be cheaper to buy a solar system); thereafter (The rate was assumed to decrease gradually to reach 2.5% in 2024 and remain at that level thereafter.) a partir de entonces: thereafter (The rate was assumed to decrease gradually to reach 2.5% in 2024 and remain at that level thereafter.) a partir de este momento: from now on (From now on, we are going to move things along more swiftly ) a partir de estos datos: on the basis of these data (The statistics compiled on the basis of these data contain monthly records on incoming flows (arrivals) and outgoing flows (dispatches)) a partir de hoy: from today (This second issue is available from today on this website.) a partir de: from (I'm leaving a week from Thursday (= one week after Thursday).; as from (As from next year, Finland too will have such a national day.); as of (As of next month, all the prices will go up.) a pedido: on demand (Other benefits yielded by the introduction of printing on demand included a reduction in paper usage worth $5,000 per month.) a pequea escala/en pequea escala: small-scale (Opening of a small-scale non-state sector, ) a pesar de que: even though (Even though he never completed college, he runs a successful software company.); although (He decided to go, although I begged him not to.) a pesar de: in spite of (This cooperation produced an excellent result, in spite of some misgivings.); despite (Despite the fact that it has realised parts of its investment plan, the company has failed to reduce costs...) a plazos: in instalments (When you apply to pay in instalments, you loose your eligibility for the discount.) a precio reducido: cheaply (Send text messages cheaply and easily with goober.) a primera solicitud por escrito: on first written demand (The majority of demand guarantees are payable on first written demand without any additional documents.) a primera vista: at first sight (At first sight this looks reasonable.) a principios de: in early (in early year) (in early last year) A quien madruga, Dios lo ayuda: The early bird catches de worm. / Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. a raz de: as a result of (What happened as a result of that?); in the wake of (It comes in the wake of the numerous violations of human rights); in the aftermath (It was created in the aftermath of the floods.) a razn de: at a rate of (at a rate of 12 tonnes per trip.) A rey muerto, rey puesto.: As soon as one goes out the window, another comes in the door. A ro revuelto ganancia de pescadores. : It is good fishing in troubled waters. a salvo: unscathed (Not all sectors are unscathed.) a su vez: in turn (Better air also means a better environment, which in turn means better health.) a tiempo: in time (We arrived just in time for the show.) a travs de los aos: over the years (Tourism has been a dominant industry over the years.); throughout the years (Its success has been proven again and again throughout the years.) a travs de: through (Through its more than 18,000 employees, National Bank Financial Group offers a complete range of services: ...); via (I sent the application papers via fax.) a travs del cual/a travs del que: through which (It includes a search engine through which one can access articles on Cuban

environmental issues.) a un ritmo de: at a rate of (The services must be operated at a rate of at least six return trips per day ) a/al (fecha): as at (as at December 31, 2007= a/al 31 de diciembre de 2007; a los 31 das del mes de diciembre de 2007); (Managerial staff, with an appreciably higher unit cost, was cut from 25 as at 31 December 1997 to 19 as at 27 March 1998.) / (National Bank Financial Group Personal and Commercial, Wealth Management and Financial Marketswith total assets in excess of $145 billion as at October 31, 2010.) abajofirmante: undersigned (We, the undersigned, wish to protest the planned closing of the local library.) abandonar: give up (we have given up the idea of starting a business); abandon (we have abandoned the idea of starting a business) abaratamiento: cheapening (The nationalization of Agroislea is going to contribute to the cheapening of food prices.); decrease in price (There was even a substantial decrease in price in 2006.); reduction in price (the reduction in the price of oil); lowering of prices; price reduction abaratar: reduce (reduce their costs and improve margins.); cut (cutting the costs and expand the supply of financial services.); lower (Competition is expected to drive investment, generate innovation and lower prices.), cheapen (cheapen their production systems.) abarcar: encompass (Our financial support should encompass the whole sector.); cover (The travel guide covers all the museums and historic places.) abastecedor: supplier (They are the world's largest supplier of baby foods.); purveyor (Radio stations are purveyors of music, information, and companionship.) abastecer: supply (... the construction of a regasification terminal in northern Chile to supply local power plants.); provide (If the productive base of the local economy can not provide for that demand, imports of goods will then ensue.); purvey (The two mall shops purvey nearly identical merchandise.) abastecimiento: supply (The supply of cheap food has disappeared.); supplying abogar por: argue for (They argued for a tax cut.) abolir/abrogar/derogar: abrogate (Nobody knows whether the Bush Plan for Cuba of 2004 has been abrogated.); abolish abono a reservas voluntarias: credit to voluntary reserves (Decrease in the share capital with a credit to voluntary reserves.) abordar: address (In addition, they address issues of common interest related to international monetary and financial policy.); tackle (There are many ways of tackling this problem.); approach (We must approach the matter with care.); deal with (the minister refused to deal with the subject at the press conference) abreviar los plazos/acortar los plazos/reducir los plazos: shorten deadlines (Often project supervisors will need to shorten deadlines to keep costs within budget constraints.); reduce deadlines (Firstly it will allow you to reduce deadlines and costs.) abrir a la baja: open down (the Stock Exchange opened down yesterday); be down at the open (the Stock Exchange was down at the open yesterday) abrir nuevos mercados: open up new markets (The move to the third generation is going to open up new markets for small and large businesses.) abrir una cuenta: open an account (It's impossible to open an account in Switzerland by correspondence.) abrir una lnea de crdito: opening a line of credit (Opening a line of credit requires that you fill out a loan application.); establish a line of credit; open a credit line (Assistance was provided to open a credit line for women microentrepreneurs) absoluto: absolute (in absolute terms) / (Absolute certainty is, of course, never attainable in the economic sphere.) absorber: absorb (Retailers and others in the supply chain are expected to absorb the duties.) absorcin: takeover (This is the year for huge corporate takeovers.) abstenerse de: refrain from (A covenant is a solemn agreement to engage in or refrain from a specified action.) acaparador: hoarder (The unprecedented transfer of state assets to a handful of private hoarders); person who corners the market (The price of oil should be far below what it is at present and we have the choice either to buy or not to buy from a particular person who corners the market in oil. ...) acaparamiento de tierras: land grabbing (Land grabbing leads to a contraction of small holders farming,) acaparamiento: hoarding (end to the monopoly structure and its hoarding, speculating and looting networks.) acaparar el mercado: corner the market (one or, at most, a few companies will corner the market.) / (If an organization or company corners the market, it controls the available supply of a type of product or the ability to sell it.) acaparar: hoard (Many people hoarded food in wartime.); corner (If an organization or company corners the market, it controls the

available supply of a type of product or the ability to sell it.) acarrear: entail (Any investment entails risk.) acceder a (consentir): consent to (The director consented to change the ending of the movie.) acceder a: access (People now can access information from the Internet as never before.); gain access to (European citizens must be able to gain access to the cultures of other European and non-European countries, particularly their neighbours.) acceso: access (Many of the families do not have access to health care.) accidentado: uneven (Due to the uneven topography of this land, the region presents rather different climates.) accionariado/participacin accionarial: shareholding (All the other facilities benefited the private sector, with local companies having a significant European shareholding.) acciones e instrumentos relacionados con las tasas de inters: interest rate related instruments and equities (the risks pertaining to interest rate related instruments and equities) acciones: shares (She owns 2000 shares of General Electric.) accionista mayoritario: majority shareholder (Zeltia S.A., remains as the majority shareholder of Noscira with 61,98% of the company capital.); major shareholder (Renco's major shareholder is the enigmatic multimillionaire Ira Leon Rennert.); majority stockholder (A person or company that owns 50% plus one of the stock in a publicly-traded company is a majority stockholder.); major stockholder (Ned Sherwood, a major stockholder of ChinaCast Education Corporation (Nasdaq GS: CAST), today issued the following statement setting.) accionista minoritario: minority stockholder (AT&T is a minority stockholder of the Company.) accionista: shareholder (It is not controlled by any shareholder or grouping of shareholders.); stockholder (AT&T is a minority stockholder of the Company.); shareowner (Almost 90% of the big European companies have employee shareowners.) acelerar: accelerate (the funds earmarked for Romania in order to accelerate their allocation and rapid absorption.); speed up (Cuba should try everything possible to speed up its process in order to recover lost time.) acento primario/acento principal: primary emphasis (which places primary emphasis on the information); main emphasis (the main emphasis lies on the degree or qualification profile) acentuar: accentuate (We do not want to accentuate the gap between the rich and poor.); underscore (It should be underscored that 90% of the Banks direct portfolio is collateralized with real guarantees or outside repayment sources, ) aceptable: reasonable (to obtain reasonable assurance) aceptacin bancaria: banker's acceptance (A bankers' acceptance is a short-term fixed rate loan used to finance trade-related transactions.) aceptacin: acceptance (Effective checks to prevent the acceptance and payment of overstated invoices were not made.) aceptaciones bancarias: bank acceptances (Bank acceptances have a maturity date of up to one (1) year) aceptador/aceptante: acceptor (The acceptor is the third party who accepts responsibility for payment in a bill of exchange drawn upon it.) aceptar/recibir: take (The supermarket takes debit cards, credit cards, cash, and checks.) acerca de/de/sobre: about (the Bank uses its intranet to better inform employees about environmental issues); concerning (If you have any information concerning the incident, please contact the police.) acercarse a: approach (Sales and discussion guides help you approach your customers.); come closer to (In this way, Metro seeks to come closer to its users as a source of knowledge); go closer to (Foreign Minister expects that Belarus will use the given opportunity to go closer to Europe.) ; get closer to (How can we get closer to that ideal?) acoger: welcome (Everyone agreed on welcoming this initiative, thanks to which 90 000 students every year take up the opportunity to study abroad.) acometer por s solo/encargarse por s solo/permitirse por s solo: afford on its own (The budget should aim at the future and endorse action which no single Member State can afford on its own.) / (It is often complicated for a production company to afford on its own the production of a film in terms of financing and workload.) acometer/emprender: undertake (Cuba undertook a previous reform in the 1990s, but this was halted in the first decade of this century.) acompaar: show (Ill show you out of the buidilng.) acontecimiento: development (I should like to say how much I welcome this development.); event (What impact will that event have on interest rates and inflation in Europe?) acopiar: collect (the information on the jobs to be evaluated should be collected from all employees who perform these jobs) acopio: collection (The financial investigation faces various constraints in the collection of relevant information.)

acordar: agree (Five countries agreed to pilot the methodology.) acrecentamiento: enhancement (This enhancement of the solvency margin will be only used after detailed analysis and extensive consultation ...); accretion (But the worrying thing about this is the accretion of 11.4 billion dollars in the first quarter...) acrecentar: increase (Publicity can increase name recognition and overall business credibility.); add to (The consequences of this complex macro-financial situation adds to the inefficiencies and distortions in the Cuban centralized state economy, ) acreditar: accredit (The states license institutions, but they neither accredit nor guarantee the quality of these schools.); credit (we have credited your account with the sum of 1000 dollars); make a credit entry acreedor externo/ acreedor extranjero: foreign creditor (China is the largest foreign creditor to the United States ...) acreedor prendario/acreedor pignoraticio: pledgee (The right to vote can be granted to a pledgee, but only with the prior consent of the Board of Directors.) acreedor: creditor (He's trying to earn enough to pay off his creditors.) acta (de una reunin): minutes (Harry will take the minutes.) acta constitutiva: act of incorporation (Act of incorporation with the company's registration information) acta notarial: notarial deed (The issuing of a notarial deed is necessary to certify the documents that create or alter a company in order to give them legal force.); deed executed by notary actividad especulativa: speculative activity (It was suggested that speculative activity amplifies the volume of oil traded and increases volatility.) actividades de capacitacin: training activities (A number of training activities have been taking place since late 2006.) / (Thousands of branch employees participated in training activities focused on sales and service ...) actividades de financiacin/actividades de financiamiento: financing activities (FINDESA's financing activities are targeted to the rural and urban sectors of micro, small, and midsize enterprises through a network of branches in remote locations.); funding activities (They also address the Bank Sepah, which was involved in the funding activities linked to Iran's ballistic programme.) actividades de formacin: training activities (A number of training activities have been taking place since late 2006.) / (Thousands of branch employees participated in training activities focused on sales and service ...) actividades de inversin: investment activities (Nevertheless, the revenue from investment activities should demonstrate some stability and be in accordance with budgeting projections.); investing activities (The cash flows relating to such transactions are cash flows from investing activities.) actividades de operacin operation activities (Attraction of investment and operation activities of enterprises at industrial parks in the first 9 months.); transaction activities (This setting affects how fields are filled for transaction activities that are relevant for profit/loss, such as interest payments.) actividades operativas/actividades de explotacin: operating activities (The net cash flow for the year of US$ 47 million is basically explained by the net funds generated by operating activities of US$ 549 million, plus financing activities cash flow of US$ 5 million.) actividades prestatarias: lending activities (The Bank is exposed to credit risk not only through its direct lending activities) activo circulante: current assets (As with current assets, current liabilities are those debts that are expected to be paid within one year.) activo corriente: current assets (They are included as current assets except in cases in which they mature more than 12 months.) activo fijo/activo inmovilizado/: fixed assets (As a result, the fixed assets of Triptis were sold to Winterling on 18 June 1997.) activo financiero: financial asset (A financial asset possesses greater liquidity when the cost of converting it into cash is lower.) activo improductivo: unproductive asset (Through Bolcomer, you can make an unproductive asset becomes a source of liquidity for your business.) activo lquido: liquid assets (Cash and investments are the main liquid assets of UNDP.) activo neto: net asset (The issued share capital must at all times be equal to the net asset value of the underlying assets.) activo no corriente: non-current asset (Any non-current assets that do not meet the criteria shall cease to be classified as held for sale in accordance with paragraph 26.) activo productivo: productive asset (Land is the main productive asset for a large part of Latin America's rural population.) activo/activos: assets (Assets are bought to increase the value of a firm or benefit the firm's operations. ...) / (Items of the assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are converted into the currency of the capital at the average cash rates in force on the closing date )

activos amortizables: redeemable assets (Buildings have a limited useful life and therefore are redeemable assets.) activos convertibles/bienes convertibles/valores convertibles: realizable assets (Realizable assets: the total of property or claims whose conversion into liquid funds is presumed possible at short notice.) activos de capital: capital assets (It had also caused widespread destruction of capital assets and supporting infrastructure, as well as social dislocation.) activos de larga duracin/activos duraderos: long-lived assets (Additionally, we monitor the lives assigned to these long-lived assets for purposes of depreciation and amortization.) activos de larga vida: long-lived assets (The corresponding asset retirement costs are capitalized as part of the carrying value of the related long-lived assets and depreciated over the asset's useful life.) activos de larga vigencia: long-lived assets (and a $51 million charge for abandonment and write-down of long-lived assets.) activos de reserva: reserve assets (This information complements the data on reserve assets included in the euro area balance of payments and international investment position statistics.) activos disponibles para la venta: available for sale assets (The Bank's own holdings of gold are designated and accounted for as available for sale assets.) activos extranjeros fcilmente disponibles: foreign assets readily available ( reserve assets include those foreign assets readily available to and under the control of monetary authorities for direct financing of payment imbalances,) activos fijos tangibles: tangible fixed assets (Tangible fixed assets are valued at the historic purchase price and are depreciated by the straight-line approach ); fixed tangible assets (Reconciliation of purchase value of fixed tangible assets.) activos fijos: fixed assets (The rise in fixed assets is related to the investments made by ENAP.) activos financieros negociables: financial negotiable assets (Financial negotiable assets and non-debt instrument liabilities are valued at current market prices, whereas debt instrument liabilities are valued nominally.) activos financieros: financial assets (Bulgaria has made little progress in freezing or confiscating financial assets resulting from criminal activities.) activos intangibles: intangible assets (Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized) activos lquidos en manos del pblico: liquid assets in the hands of the public (Here is the inflationary situation today: The Federal Reserve Board estimates liquid assets in the hands of the public at 300 billion dollars.) activos lquidos: liquid assets (The Banks survival period, an indicator designed to measure the number of days it would take to utilize the Banks liquid assets if) activos monetarios: monetary assets (Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional one ...) activos netos sin restricciones: Unrestricted net assets (Unrestricted net assets are net assets with no restricted use.) activos netos: net assets (Goodwill represents the amount by which the price paid exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired.) activos no acumulativos: non-performing assets ( or to fund non-performing assets beyond the amount of the available credit enhancement.) activos pignorados/activos consignados en garanta: pledged assets (The risks and rewards of the pledged assets reside with the pledgor.) activos ponderados en funcin del riesgo: risk-adjusted assets ( take immediate action to comply with the solvency rules either by raising additional capital or by reducing risk-adjusted assets.) activos productivos: productive assets (There is evidence of families selling their productive assets such as land or livestock, ) activos tangibles: tangible assets (Assets that have a physical existence, or give the holders definite set of financial rights are classified as tangible assets, as opposed to intangible assets such as ...) activos totales promedio: average total assets (Another relevant measure is net interest income over average total assets (ATA) ) activos y pasivos: assets and liabilities (When they are initially recognized, all financial assets and liabilities, including derivative financial instruments, are recorded at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.) acto seguido: thereupon (It thereupon states that the means of building that peace are education, science, culture) actual: current (Under current state law, students can drop out of school legally at age 17.); present (in its present form) / (at the present moment); existing (The Bank strives to serve all the financial needs and maintain the loyalty of its existing clients.) actualizacin del modelo econmico: update of the economic model (Since 2010, the Cuban economy has entered a new period of economic reform, officially labeled as an update of the economic model.); modernisation of the economic model (the changes that the Ral Castro government is applying and will continue to implement as part of a broad modernisation of the economic model.); updating of the economic model (At the same time, reaffirmed its

commitment to the process of updating the economic model designed to strengthen socialism, with the active participation of the people.) actualizacin: update (You can get hourly news updates on the Internet.); updating (Regular and periodic updating of the inventories) actualizar el modelo econmico: update the economic model (President Raul CASTRO said such changes were needed to update the economic model to ensure the survival of socialism.) actualizar: update (When you move, don't forget to update your mailing address.); upgrade (They're spending more than $4 million next year to upgrade computer systems.); actualize (has all the essential credentials to actualize the goals of sustainable development.) actualmente: at the moment (We can do more than we are doing at the moment.); currently (and a comprehensive strategy for communication with investors is currently being developed.) / (He currently is directing TV sitcoms.); at the present time (Our main concern at the present time is the recent catastrophe in China that has taken so many lives and has affected a great portion of the country.); at present (This research may contribute to the economic changes that are happening in Cuba at present.) actuarial: actuarial (As far as after-service medical benefits are concerned, such liability should normally be determined by actuarial evaluation.) / (Actuarial valuations are made periodically to determine the present value of plan obligations.) actuario de seguros/actuaria de seguros: actuary (The calculation of the technical provisions shall be executed and certified by an actuary or other specialist in this field on the basis of recognised actuarial methods ) Corresponde al Actuario de Seguros la actuacin, en exclusiva, en todas las cuestiones de tcnica matemtica y econmica de las Instituciones de Seguros, Ahorro y Capitalizacin, y, como ttulo de rango facultativo, autoriza a quienes lo poseen para ejercer los cargos de alta de direccin de las Empresas de Seguros, Ahorro y Capitalizacin; el asesoramiento, la peritacin y el desempeo de cargos en los que se requiere el uso de sus conocimientos especficos en las materias de estadstica matemtica, teora econmica de las Empresas de Seguros, direccin y tcnica contable y estimacin cuantitativa de operaciones financieras. acuerdo de garanta en efectivo/acuerdo de garanta accesoria: cash collateral agreement (If the debtor and the secured creditor are able to reach an agreement, the terms of the agreement are usually set forth in a "Cash Collateral Agreement" ) acuerdo comercial: trade agreement (This proposal introduces amendments to an existing bilateral trade agreement.) acuerdo comn: joint agreement (Mr Milana, congratulations on being capable of reaching a joint agreement,...) acuerdo conjunto: joint agreement (thus, military intervention by the United Nations, with the joint agreement of the United Nations, not one or two or three countries using armed force.) acuerdo contractual: contractual agreement (In the normal course of business, the Bank provides various banking services and concludes contractual agreements and other transactions with companies ) Acuerdo de Bretton Woods: Bretton Woods agreement (On the basis of that guarantee in physical gold, the Bretton Woods agreement emerged in 1944, giving the powerful country the privilege of printing hard currency at a time when the rest) Acuerdo de Capital: Capital Accord (... the 1996 Amendment to the Capital Accord to Incorporate Market Risks, and the 2005 paper on the Application of Basel II to Trading Activities ...) acuerdo de colateral en efectivo: cash collateral agreement (If the debtor and the secured creditor are able to reach an agreement, the terms of the agreement are usually set forth in a "Cash Collateral Agreement" ) acuerdo de libre comercio: free trade agreement (South Korea's National Assembly gave the final nod Tuesday to a controversial US free trade agreement that is expected to boost bilateral trade of) / (Besides, in the future we shall have a free trade agreement with Vietnam.) acuerdo de recompra/pacto de recompra: repurchase agreement (Current practice records the transfer as a sale and the repurchase agreement as a financing.) acuerdo explcito o implcito/acuerdo explcito o tcito: express or implied agreement ("promisor" and the "promisee") may confer by express or implied agreement a right on a third party (the "beneficiary"). Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles y Comercio (GATT): General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade acuerdo implcito/acuerdo tcito: implied agreement (Implied agreement is a contract under which the agreement of the parties is demonstrated by their acts and conduct.) acuerdo marco: framework agreement (A first step towards achieving this would be a framework agreement.) / (In other words, a framework agreement is a general term for agreements with suppliers which set out terms and conditions under which specific purchases (call-offs) can be made throughout the term of the agreement.) acuerdo: agreement (Leaders of both countries signed an agreement to exchange diplomats.); accord (Both parties signed an accord last week in Geneva that may finally bring an end to the bloody conflict.) acuerdos de reventa: resale agreements (Investments included as cash equivalents are time deposits, mutual funds and financial instruments under resale agreements.)

acumulacin de capital: capital accumulation (We will prosper, our capital accumulation will prosper, our culture will prosper,...) acumulacin: accumulation (This should help to prevent the accumulation of new debt.); accretion (But the worrying thing about this is the accretion of 11.4 billion dollars in the first quarter...) acumulado: accrued (The accrued interest on the funds before the payment to beneficiaries belongs to the fund providers.); cumulative (The cumulative effect of regulation is of profound importance.); accumulated (will only take on a revolutionary character if they transfer capital accumulated by the finance oligarchy to the nation) acumular: accrue (Interest on this savings account accrues at the rate of 4 percent.); accumulate (He accumulated a fortune in the music business.); amass (By the time he was 40, he had amassed a fortune.) acumulativo: cumulative (Short-term day-to-day funding decisions are based on a daily cumulative net cash position); accumulative (an age of rapid and accumulative change) acumulativo: cumulative (The cumulative effect of regulation is of profound importance.); accumulative (Their accumulative effects will only be visible after several years.) acuacin: minting (All the expenses of issue, minting and replacement of metallic coins will be applied to the operative costs ); coinage acuar (dinero): mint (Slovakia was the first one to mint the euro coins with its own production facilities.); coin money (The power to coin money should remain a government prerogative.) acuar (moneda)/acuar (frase,palabra): coin (he must be coining money); mint / (Kraft coined the term "middle America" in the 1960s) acusar recibo de: acknowledge receipt of (I should be obliged if you would acknowledge receipt of this letter and confirm that ) acuse de recibo: acknowledgement of receipt (An acknowledgement of receipt shall be sent to the applicant.) adaptar a: tailor to (This approach can be better tailored to the demands of the users of the evaluation.) adecuado/adecuada: appropriate (Reviews, evaluates and approves appropriate internal control policies.), fitting (What is most fitting for this country?); suitable (What is a suitable model of computation?); adequate (Work is planned to ensure that schools have an adequate physical environment.) adecuar los mtodos de trabajo: adapt working practices (we worked very hard to adapt working methods and match technical standards.) adelantar: advance (Secondly, I believe we can advance our work on territorial cohesion through promotion of exchange of experience,); bring forward (In my opinion, we should still think carefully about the aim to bring forward by one year the deadline for the transposition of the measures...) adelantos: advances (Technological advances have changed TV news.) adems de: in addition to (In addition to that critical issue there are also a number of other...); besides (Besides wealth we should also be speaking about power.) adems: moreover (It was a good car and, moreover, the price was quite reasonable.), furthermore (I don't know what happened to Roberto, and furthermore, I don't care.), besides (He won't mind if you're late -- besides, it's not your fault.); further (If we further suppose); also (We also have a catalogue of problems); what is more (What is more, none of the three provisions clearly establishes its scope.) adeudar: owe (a number of countries in a particular region may owe a small amount of contributions); debit (we have debited your account with the sum of 5,000 pesos.)/ (we have debited the sum of 5,000 pesos to o from your account); have a debt of adeudo en cuenta/asiento en el debe: debit entry (Post a debit entry to your bank account.) adeudo: indebtedness (This development in the labour market will counsel prudence to households, whose indebtedness leaves them vulnerable to a rise in interest rates.); debit (the sum debited to/from your account); charge al azar/aleatoriamente: at random (Of course, websites cannot be closed at random for political reasons.) adems de eso/encima de eso: on top of that (On top of that, the effects of the recession put a $3 trillion hole in our budget.) adicionar: add (If you add three and four you get seven.) adiestramiento en el trabajo/adiestramiento prctico: on-the-job training (The company provides on-the-job training (= training while you work). adiestramiento: training (We got two weeks of on-the-job training on how to conduct interviews.) adjudicacin: awarding (It also intends to commission an independent evaluation (procedure for awarding the contract currently under way).); adjudication (adjudication of bankruptcy)/( The widow renounced the usufruct, and an adjudication of the assets known at the time was made); allocation (The European Union must therefore systematically object to the allocation of the presidency to such countries) adjudicador: awarder (The locations will be at the disposition of the awarders 7 days before the date of opening.)

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adjudicar: award (Their company was awarded a contract worth $40 million by the federal government.); allot (The board allotted $5000 to the recreation center.); assign (Can you say explicitly what role the Council is planning to assign to the International Criminal Court?); allocate (The objective of collaboration should be to allocate limited resources in a cooperative and cost-effective way.) adjudicatario: awardee (The awardee, upon a formal call, will have a time to sign the Agreement as per the conditions set forth by the Calling Instrument, ) adjuntar: attach (Additionally, you must attach a copy of the curriculum vitae of all personnel involved, including a list...); enclose (Please enclose a stamped, self-addressed envelope.) adjunto a la presente: enclosed herewith (A brief biography of Archbishop Desmond Tutu is enclosed herewith.) adjunto: herewith (We are sending you herewith a copy of); enclosed (please find enclosed a copy of the invoice); attached (please fill in the attached form); annexed (the annexed financial statements) administracin central del estado: central administration of the state (The problem with the central administration of the state (ACE) in Spain is that it does not really know what it is, where it is going, or what it wishes to be); central state administration (To coordinate organizational structures of central state administration bodies, state agencies and state administration offices in counties ...) administracin centralizada: centralized administration (This ensures centralized administration and non-intrusive updating in networked environments.); centralized management (It is with concern that we observe bottlenecks, especially within the centralized management framework.) administracin de empresas: business administration ( master's degree courses in education, business administration and public administration.); business management (The goal of business management is to create wealth...) administracin de personal: personnel administration (The personnel administration unit was transferred first, then the compensation unit, and finally the payroll unit.) administracin de los recursos: administration of resources (the Fund may decide to perform financial and technical services, including the administration of resources) administracin descentralizada: decentralized management (The problems relative to the decentralized management of consultants and the coordination between Headquarters and field offices were highlighted.) administracin pblica: public administration (However, the public administration continues to suffer from serious weaknesses.) administracin: administration (In this regard, the administration will be conducting a quality survey on the service...); management (So a major challenge is the judicious management of these powerful endogenous and exogenous resources for sustainable development.); stewardship (Unparalleled product stewardship to ensure that products are handled safely.) administrador concursal: receiver in a bankruptcy (The alleged costs of genuine restructuring activities included the costs of purchasing the means of production from the receiver in bankruptcy of SSPH and SS.) administrador de base de datos: database administrator (A database administrator (DBA) is responsible for the performance, integrity and security of a database.); administrator of the data base (In the end, the validated terms and definitions are put on-line by administrator of the data base.) administrador general: general manager (First, the company in question could not clarify the precise role and responsibilities of its General Manager.) administrador judicial: receiver (The receiver continued production while seeking a new investor.) administrador: administrator (de bienes ajenos) (Contact the global administrator within your organization and request that...); manager (de empresa) (This applies particularly to the role of the infrastructure manager.) administrar: manage (Does she have any experience managing large projects?); administer (The national governments have been unable to administer their funds.) administrativo: managerial (It was subsequently found that the managerial group concept works better.); administrative (Administrative data must obviously be free of charge to the public and it has to be obtainable) admisible: admissible (If the request is not admissible, the Chairman of the Committee shall dismiss it, while the issue remains ...); acceptable (It was not acceptable to treat newly settled farmers differently from the other ...); allowable (Our well water has nitrates above the allowable level.) admitir/reconocer: allow (I allow that she tried hard, but ...) admitir: allow of (a question that allows of only one reply) / (it allows of no other explanation) Adonde fueres haz lo que vieres: When in Roma do as the Romans do.) adopcin de decisiones: decisionmaking (They should be active in lobbying to participate in government decisionmaking.)

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adoptar decisiones: adopt decisions (The absence of such rules has led the Council to adopt decisions of a discretionary nature.) adoptar medidas: adopt measures (Belgium must adopt measures by Jan. 1 at the latest to bring its budget deficit below 3% of economic output in 2012) adquirente: buyer (He's still looking for a buyer for his house.); purchaser (Software purchasers have reported problems with the product.) adquirir: acquire (His family acquired the property in 1985.) adquisicin de activos fijos tangibles: purchase of tangible fixed assets (Capital grants received in respect of the purchase of tangible fixed assets are treated as a deferred credit and amortised to the profit and loss account annually ...) adquisicin de ttulos de inversin: purchase of investment securities (The facility is for the borrower's general business purposes, including the purchase of investment securities in the ordinary course of borrower's business.) adquisicin: acquisition (The Banks ability to successfully complete an acquisition is often conditional on regulatory approval) aduana: customs (Building a common customs system has been one of the major achievements in that progress ...); customs house (this icon was constructed by in 1228 as a major trading post for German merchants, and under Napoleon it became a customs house in 1806.) adulteracin: misrepresentation (Photoshop appear to have been useful in detecting the manipulation or misrepresentation of satellite data.) afamado/clebre/famoso: renowned (Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, the renowned German baritone singer who performed for more than five decades on stages in Berlin,...) afectado/afectada: offeree (A contract is formed when one party (the "offeror") makes an offer which is accepted by the other party (the "offeree"). afn: related (Risk management policies, along with the related guidelines and procedures, are the essential elements of the risk management framework.) afirmacin: claim (They say it works, but there is no evidence to support those claims.) afirmar: claim (Ervin claims (that) he is bankrupt.) aflojar las restricciones: ease the restrictions (and continue the process of easing restrictions on self-employment) afluencia de capitales: inflow of capitals (This has been due to the successive 'petrol shock' from the beginning of 21 century, which has brought about a great inflow of capitals to the countries belonging ...) afrontar problemas financieros: face financial problems (The new rules should guarantee that SME's no longer face financial problems due to the late payment of invoices addressed to public authorities or to companies ) afrontar: confront (The EU currently has to confront new challenges that require greater efforts.); face (the similarities between the problems that Cuba is facing today in relation to those faced by Vietnam since 1986) afrontar: face (the similarities between the problems that Cuba is facing today in relation to those faced by Vietnam since 1986) agarrar/abrazar/coger/tener/sujetar (firmemente): hold (The nurse held the child in her arms.) agarrar: catch (The gobal crisis caught Cuba with serious macro-economic imbalances.) agenda apretada/apretada agenda: busy agenda (The Cuban Minister of Foreign Affairs develops a busy agenda on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly.); full agenda (The Presidency has successfully managed to crown its full agenda with a new treaty.) gil: nimble (The abolition of the ministry is part of a plan to make the sugar industry more nimble.) agilizar: speed up (He developed a new system to help speed up the work.) aglutinar: bring together (the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA), the organization that since 1895 brings together cooperatives in the world) agotar (mercancias, existencias): sell out (We sold out (of) the T-shirts in the first couple of hours.) / (stocks of umbrellas are sold out) agradecemos de antemano: (Thank you in advance for your inestimable collaboration, and please accept our very best wishes.) agradecer: thank (On behalf of the executive management team, I wish to acknowledge their high level of engagement and thank them for their hard work and contribution to the Banks success.); welcome (We'd welcome your suggestions.); be grateful (I would be grateful if you would send me); appreciate (we should much appreciate it if) agradecimiento: gratitude (Many of his patients gave works of art to Dr. Klein in gratitude.); thanks (with our most sincere thanks); appreciation (in appreciation of all you have done) agrario/agraria: agricultural (agricultural policy); agrarian (agrarian reform) agregado monetario: monetary aggregate (It can bring about considerable changes in the composition of demand for money and in the

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measures among the monetary aggregates that are relevant to the control of inflation. agregados: aggregates (This assessment can be confined to the impact on key aggregates.) agregar: add (You can also add a description of the item.) agrcola: agricultural (Chicago was an important shipping point for agricultural products and livestock.) agricultor: farmer (The farmer, by the nature of his occupation, must spend much of his time on site in a rural and often remote setting.) agricultura de subsistencia: subsistence agriculture (Subsistence agriculture is self-sufficiency farming in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed their families.) agricultura ecolgica: ecological agriculture (Ecological agriculture must become an integral part of a production system that supports the environment.) agricultura orgnica: organic agriculture (the Government of Uganda released a draft organic agriculture policy.); organic farming(...productive activities in harmony with the environment, more particularly organic farming.) agricultura sostenible: sustainable agriculture (We farmers have declared our support for sustainable agriculture.) agricultura suburbana: periurban agriculture (the expansion of periurban agriculture and the promotion of rural off-farm activities.) agricultura urbana: urban agriculture (Nearly a billion people are engaged in urban agriculture of one form or another - food or animal production and horticulture.) agricultura: agriculture (Agriculture and tourism are both important to the region's economy.); farming agroalimentario/agroalimentaria: agri-food (On the other hand, the multinationals in the agri-food industry have cause for celebration.) agroindustria/industria agropecuaria: agribusiness (the various businesses collectively that process, distribute, and support farm products.) agronmico/agronmica: agronomic (The project led to improvement in agronomic practices, farm yield and income of 5,500 households.); agronomical (In some regions, the protein crops are traditionally sown in a mixture with cereals for agronomical reasons.) agropecuario/agropecuaria: agricultural (...we should tackle the sensitive issue of agricultural trade.); agricultural and livestock (The fall in agricultural and livestock output this year is estimated at roughly 65 percent.); farming and livestock (Campeny bought the monastery and carried on with its farming and livestock raising activities.) Agua pasada no mueve molino.: Its no use crying over spilt milk. agua potable: drinking water (Drinking water is water that is suitable for drinking.) aguas someras/aguas poco profundas: shallow waters (drilling operations both on land and in shallow waters aguantar: endure (I wish you the capacity to bear and endure those burdens you have taken on.); withstand (The rules adopted should be able to withstand the test of reality.); weather (which have weathered the economic and financial uncertainties of recent years better than most jurisdictions around the world.); bear ( a too-slow adjustment that would require another twenty years of bearing the costs of monetary duality.) ahora: at present (This research may contribute to the economic changes that are happening in Cuba at present.) ahorrar: save (this way you will be able to save some electricity); put aside (We're putting aside $20 a week for our vacation.) set aside ajustado/ajustada: tight (Tight cost management also contributed to our results and remains a strategic priority.) ajustar los mtodos de trabajo: adjust working practices (By tradition farmers have developed strategies to adjust working methods) ajuste de cierre de ao: year-end adjustment (Check if your business neeeds Year-end Adjustments.) ajuste/reajuste/cambio/modificacin: adjustment (Only a few adjustments were needed to make her dress fit perfectly.) / (the plan needs some minor adjustments) ajustes al patrimonio: adjustments to equity (This adjustment produces no net effect on the Net Loan Portfolio, and, therefore, no additional balancing entry in Adjustments to Equity is required.) al alcance de la mano: within arms reach (Above him, within arm's reach, was the low roof of the building.); within arms reach (the portal has a rapid access panel that puts the system's principal operating components within arms reach.); at hand al alcance de: available to (an attempt to make culture available to everyone) al alza/alcista: upward (These factors have contributed to some upward pressure on inflation recently.) / (The use of cocaine is showing an upward trend.) al azar: at random (Dylan picked several books at random.); randomly (The people I interviewed were chosen randomly.) al borde de la bancarrota/al borde de la quiebra: near bankruptcy (The American giant has gone from near bankruptcy to having a

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liquidity safety net of 244,000 million dollars.) al cabo de: after (after the first three months) (After this time, the buyer's OKPAY account will contain an option to decline the transaction.) al cambio del da: at the current exchange rate (In 2005, they reached around US$ 217 millions at the current exchange rate.) al cierre de: at the close of ( taken into account the scope of their operation and outstanding assets at the close of the fiscal year.) al cierre de: by the end of (announced that it would purchase $600 billion in Treasury securities by the end of the second quarter of 2011.) al cierre del ejercicio econmico: at the close of the accounting year (Management reports issued at the close of the accounting year or period.) al cierre del perodo econmico/ al cierre del perodo contable: at the end of the accounting period (A company has $72,500 in inventory at the beginning of the accounting period and $65,500 at the end of the accounting period.) al comienzo del ao/ al inicio del ao: at the beginning of the year ( performed by external evaluators and will start at the beginning of the year.) al comienzo del perodo econmico/ al comienzo del perodo contable/al inicio del perodo econmico/al inicio del period contable: at the beginning of the accounting period (A company has $72,500 in inventory at the beginning of the accounting period and $65,500 at the end of the accounting period.) al comienzo/al principio/al inicio: in the beginning (Commission notes that it is normal market practice that new services are offered at discount prices in the beginning in order to reach a certain customer base.); at the beginning al contado: cash (Are you going to pay by credit card or cash?); in cash (Operating activities required $5.5 billion in cash in 2010) al contrario: on the contrary ("On the contrary, I thought it was the dullest thing I'd ever seen."); far from it (Jim, selfish? Far from it (= He's not selfish at all).); quite the opposite (I don't dislike the idea, quite the opposite, I think it would be wonderful!) al costo: at cost (Some available-for-sale securities presented at cost in the Consolidated Balance Sheet were sold during the year.) al crecer: by growing (The growth of the Colombian economy did exceed all forecasts by growing 5,7% the first semester of 2006 with regards to the same period for 2005, being this the largest annual increase) ; by rising (No account is taken of the real problems of the countryside, which has been struck by rising unemployment.) al de la: to that of the (There is evidently a great inferiority in the power of the President, in this particular, to that of the British king; nor is it equal to that of the governor of New York, ...) / ( the change in Cuba would have a similar impact in Latin America to that of the Cuban Revolution in 1959.) / (Growth will be buoyed by the emerging economies, whose combined GDP is getting close to that of the OECD countries.) al del: to that of the (There is evidently a great inferiority in the power of the President, in this particular, to that of the British king; nor is it equal to that of the governor of New York, ...) / ( the change in Cuba would have a similar impact in Latin America to that of the Cuban Revolution in 1959.) / (Growth will be buoyed by the emerging economies, whose combined GDP is getting close to that of the OECD countries.) al final de la primera mitad: at the end of the first half (At the end of the first half of the season, we would like to reset the points of every player to 0) al final de: at the end of (A short analysis is provided at the end of each main chapter.); al final del ao: at the end of the year (let me remind you that it expires at the end of the year in any case.) al final del primer semestre: (Community steel tube production was up by 4,3 % at the end of the first half of 2000.) al finalizar el ao: at year end (As a consequence, at year end, 25 posts were abolished.); by the end of the year (By the end of the year, 13 rounds of negotiation had been held.) al igual que: as with (As with every year, we take this opportunity to reciprocate the trust our shareholders and investors have placed in us, and the preference our customers have shown for us, by rendering our accounts.) al menos: at least (reviewed at least once a year in accordance with the Banks policies.) al mismo tiempo que: at the same time that (In simultaneous interpretation, the interpreter interprets at the same time that the speaker is speaking, although a few words behind.) al mismo tiempo: all at once (It is not intended that changes happen all at once ) al principio: at the outset (This assessment is performed at the outset of the credit application process.) Al que no quiera caldo, tres tazas.: It never rains, but it pours. al respecto: on the matter (This is not the right place for opening a debate on the matter,)(I would like to state here that China's position on this matter is very clear.); in this regard (India's comments were especially interesting in this regard.) al revs: the other way around (en sentido inverso) (In fact it is the other way around, Turkey is asking to join the Union.)

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al ritmo de: at the rate of (Our economy must grow at the rate of at least ten per cent every year to get rid of poverty and generate employment for all.) al valor nominal: at par value (Redemption should always be possible at any time, at par value.) / (On November 2, 2011, the Bank redeemed for cancellation $500 million in subordinated debentures maturing on November 2, 2016, at par value plus accrued interest.) alcance: extent (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ); range (The Central Bank sets minimum and maximum interest rate ranges.); scope (While the current US government has taken some positive steps, they are insufficient and extremely limited in scope.); importance; significance alcanzar el xito/tener xito/triunfar: make it (she made it fairly late in her career) alcanzar un acuerdo: reach an agreement (And to reach an agreement on the different situations) alcanzar: achieve (surpassed the record performance achieved in the previous year.); reach (The number of Personal Banking customers reached 2.3 million); attain (On the other hand, these communities intend to attain their goals with peaceful political means.) alcista: upward (Strong domestic demand exerted upward pressure on price.) aleatoriamente: randomly (The people I interviewed were chosen randomly.) alentador: encouraging (The decrease in violence is undeniably encouraging, but the challenge remains constant.) alentar: encourage (The city needs to encourage job creation.); foster (by fostering an environment of low interest rates) algo ms de/que: a little more than (Multnomah County gets a little more than $75 per person for two projects.) ; somewhat more than (inhabitants when it attained independence, today has somewhat more than 6 million) algo menor que: somewhat smaller than (Washington, D.C., is somewhat smaller than Baltimore.) algo menos que: somewhat smaller than (Washington, D.C., is somewhat smaller than Baltimore.) algo/un tanto: somewhat (The national and international macroeconomic context in which the Argentine economy has developed over the last few years has been somewhat changeable. algunos/algunas: a few (We've been having a few problems with the new computer.) Alianza Bolivariana para las Amricas: Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (The 7th summit meeting of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA) ended Oct. 17, in Cochabamba with the decision to establish a virtual currency.) alimentacin y la agricultura: food and agriculture (This agreement addresses genetic resources for food and agriculture.) aliviar las restricciones: ease the restrictions (and continue the process of easing restrictions on self-employment) almacenamiento/almacenaje: warehousing (This includes costs such as transportation and warehousing.) alrededor de: around (These rules, established in 2004 by the BIS in Basel, Switzerland, and adopted by many countries around the world; about (Despite growth of only about 2% in the advanced economies, global GDP is likely to expand about 3.5% in 2011,) altas: additions (However, the additions, disposals and transfers of all fixed assets are shown in the balance sheet or ...) alternativa/alternativo: alternative (The government is faced with the alternative for higher taxes or poor roads.) / (Bangladesh growers, whose tea was sold almost exclusively to West Pakistan must find now alternative markets for their product.) alto funcionario: senior officer (The top U.S. commander in Afghanistan has fired a senior officer from his job ); top official (A White House top official wrote in Foreign Affairs magazine) ambiente de trabajo/entorno de trabajo: working environment (I wish to thank you for being so positive in emphasising this important matter of the working environment.) mbito: scope (We are going to widen the scope of the investigation.) amenazar: threaten (Serious and imminent dangers threaten the existence of our species.) amortizable: redeemable (Redeemable in cash at the Banks option, subject to prior approval of the Superintendent, on or after February 15, 2014 and February 15 every five years thereafter, ); callable (If the bond you choose is callable, you have taken the risk of having your principal returned ...) amortizacin acumulada: accrued depreciation (Tangible assets are valued at their historical acquisition price less accrued depreciation.) amortizacin del crdito mercantil negativo en la adquisicin de: amortization of negative goodwill on the acquisition of (amortization of negative goodwill on the acquisition of Companhia Siderrgica do Tubaro) amortizacin del crdito mercantil negativo: (the amortization of negative goodwill does not form part of the net income for the year for the purpose of calculating the obligatory minimum dividend distribution)

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amortizacin del crdito mercantil: amortization of goodwill (Amortization of goodwill should be reported in operating expenses.); goodwill amortization amortizacin..acelerada: accelerated..depreciation (There are also tax incentives, such as accelerated depreciation benefits of up to 20% annual, for investments in hydroelectric projects and other renewable resources) amortizacin: redemption (On the redemption date, the Bank makes a cash payment equal to the value of the common shares on that date.) amortizado: amortized (Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized over their useful lives.) ampliacin: expansion ampliamente: widely (widely demostrated) / (widely known) / (It is widely accepted that the relative neglect of the agricultural sector over recent decades has caused agricultural productivity and supply capacities in many countries to decline.0 ampliar los plazos/extender los plazos/prolongar los plazos: extend deadlines (China's banks can extend deadlines on loans ) ampliar por: extend by (European exchange operator NYSE Liffe said on Wednesday it would extend by one year the trading period of all...) ampliar: broaden (Going to college will broaden [to increase the range of] your interests. (They are broadening the road to speed up the flow of traffic.); widen; extend (The credit instruments used to meet the financing needs of its clients represent the maximum amount of additional credit the Bank could be obligated to extend if the commitments were fully drawn.) amplitud: extent (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) aadir: add (If you add three and four you get seven.) / (Add the files you want to send to your recipients as attachments by clicking on the attach button.) anlisis e interpretacin de estados financieros: analysis and interpretation of financial statements (Analysis and interpretation of financial statements help in determining the liquidity position, long term solvency, financial viability and profitability of a firm.) anlisis estructural: structural analysis (This data is a key element for business cycle and structural analysis.) analizar: weigh (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) animales de trabajo: working animals (Raising awareness of the contribution that working animals can make to Cuba's economy, ) animar: buoy (Growth will be buoyed by the emerging economies) anotacin en el debe: debit entry anotacin en el haber: credit entry aadir: add (she added a few words of thanks) ao anterior: previous year (slightly higher than the previous year.) ao entrante/ao que viene: coming year (Though a number of countries are likely to take steps to normalize monetary policy in the coming year) ao natural: calendar year (There is a $500 deductible limit per family per calendar year.) anotar en los libros: book ( to book such higher costs in the first year corresponds to normal accounting practices.) ante todo: first and foremost (Credit-granting decisions are based first and foremost on the results of the risk assessment.) antecedentes (de algo): background to (This explains the background to the series of financial assistance programmes under which this aid has been given) anteproyecto/diseo: blueprint (A blueprint for doing something is a complete plan that explains how to do it: Chinas economic blueprint/The report provided a blueprint/ anterior: foregoing (and the Banks success in anticipating and managing the foregoing risks.) / ( who signed the foregoing certificate ) anteriormente: formerly (Formerly, this was possible only through a judicial procedure.); previously (Many of these services were previously provided by the state.); before (As it happened before, interest in science and technology appeared not only in technological artworks.) antes citada: cited above (Based on the rate cited above, calculate the expected increase in) Antes de que te cases, mira lo que haces: Look before you leap. antes de terminar/concluir: before the end; before concluding (Before concluding an investment contract with foreign investors,) antes de: before; prior to (whereas prior to that date, it had been using the Standardized Approach.)

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antes descritas: above-described (departments will guide the project team through the above-described activities.) antes que nada: first of all (First of all, the coverage of the indices used should be appropriate.) anticclica: countercyclical (Countercyclical is a term used in economics to describe how an economic quantity is related to economic fluctuations. It is the opposite of procyclical.) anticipo: down payment (You post a vendor down payment either when you send the check or when the payment is debited.) anualidad: annuity (A small annuity lets her travel.) apalancamiento financiero: financial leverage (In the world today, where financial leverage has been questioned, this is leverage of the most constructive form.) apalancamiento: leverage (The leverage indicator at 2009 was 5.54, only 0.64 of a point below the 2008 figure of 6.18.) aparentar/fingir/maquillar: window-dress (Supervisory authorities have at their disposal a number of effective measures to ensure that banks do not "window-dress" by showing significantly lower market risk positions on reporting dates.) apartar: set aside (The governor wants to set aside (= keep separate and not spend) $50 million for emergencies.); put aside (We're putting aside $20 a week for our vacation.) aparte de: apart from (Apart from humanitarian and democratisation assistance, which will continue,) aparte de eso/por lo dems: otherwise (she mentioned her marriage; otherwise she said nothing about herself) apenas: barely (Their marriage lasted barely three years.) apercibir legalmente: bind over apertura poltica: political opening-up (the political opening-up after Franco's death) apertura: openness (Partnership provides a basis for openness and transparency in the preparation and implementation of programs.); opening (on the opening of personal credit and loans for non-state businesses) aplazar: defer (You can order the furniture now and defer payment until September.) aplicable/de obligado cumplimiento/ejecutable: enforceable (legislation should be simple, clear and enforceable.) aplicable: applicable (A blank in a table indicates that the item is not applicable, unless otherwise indicated. aportacin: contribution (contributions from the private sector) aportar: contribute (Tourism contributes millions of dollars to the region's economy.) aporte por rendimiento de la inversin estatal: contribution from the return on state investment apoyado en: supported on (In this effort, the Commission has been supported on numerous occasions by the judgments of the Court of Justice...) apoyar : underwrite (The museum show was largely underwritten by a grant from the government of Sweden.); support (The president strongly supported Egypt's role in the negotiations.) apoyar a/dar apoyo a: be supportive of (They were supportive of immigration reform (= They encouraged it). apoyo financiero: financial support (Our financial support should encompass the whole sector.); financial help (My parents gave us financial help when we bought our first house.) apoyo/ayuda: support (The senator voiced his support for making health care available to all.); help (With the Banks help, we successfully added highly strategic assets and increased our presence in the Canadian food distribution market.) apremiante/urgente: pressing (pressing need) / (pressing issue) aprendizaje: learning (The only solution is to support education and lifelong learning.) apresurar: accelerate (the funds earmarked for Romania in order to accelerate their allocation and rapid absorption.) / speed up (Cuba should try everything possible to speed up its process in order to recover lost time.) apretar el cerco: tighten the siege (to tighten the siege around the Island that was struggling on its own through the so called Torricelli Act) apretarse el cinturn: belt tightening (belt tightening policy) / ( economic crises are times for belt-tightening and cost-cutting ) aprobacin: approval (The Bank cannot be certain when or under what conditions, if any, approval will be granted.) aprobar: approve (The Bank also has a policy, approved by the Board of Directors,); promulgate (New Zealand intends to promulgate these amended Regulations as soon as possible.) aprovechar al mximo: take full advantage of aprovechar/aprovecharse de: take advantage of (It is still too difficult for manufacturers to take advantage of the single market.) / (taking

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advantage of its technical expertise) aproximacin: approach (Table 5.1 Preliminary Approach to Efficiency Indicators.) aproximadamente: about (It happened about two months ago.) aproximarse a: approach (solidarity the Brussels Council showed towards the candidate countries, which still need financial help to approach the level of development of the rest of the continent.) apuntar a: aim at (The budget should aim at the future and endorse action which no single Member State can afford on its own.) apuntar hacia: aim at (The budget should aim at the future and endorse action which no single Member State can afford on its own.) aqu: herein (All opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author.) arancel proteccionista: protective tariff (The Tariff of 1828 was a protective tariff passed by the Congress of the United States on May 19, 1828, designed to protect industry in the northern United States.) arbitrador/arbitrajista/rbitro: arbitrager or arb (In finance, an arbitrager is someone who buys currencies, securities, or commodities on one country's market in order to make money by immediately selling them at a profit on another country's market.) arbitraje regulador: regulatory arbitrage (The problems of regulatory arbitrage and tax evasion are closely linked.) arbitraje: arbitrage (Arbitrage is the technique of simultaneously buying at a lower price in one market and selling at a higher price in another market to make a profit on the spread between the prices.) (There was a purchase-sale arbitrage with the United States) argumentos de peso: arguments of weight (There are arguments of weight which can be advanced in favor of a protective tariff.) armar: piece together (The job of a seed researcher is to piece together a complex genetic puzzle) arrastre de ganancias retenidas: retained earnings carried forward (Retained earnings carried forward to next year.) arrastre de saldos: balance carry forward (Once you have defined the system structures for carrying forward balances, you can execute the balance carry forward program.) arrendamiento con opcin de compra: leasing (system of leasing whereby the lessee has the option of purchasing the property after a certain time) arrendamiento financiero: financial leasing (As one of the most popular financing tools in modern business world, Financial Leasing Service uses finance leases to leverage assets.) / (For the goods acquired via financial leasing the value is to be recorded at the time when the good is delivered to the lessee.) arrendamiento operativo: operational leasing (Developing financial and operational leasing is important to meet the needs of small and medium-size companies.) arrendamiento: leasing (Leasing of aeroplanes between operators.) arrendatario: lessee (These may be owners or lessees of means of production or may utilise them in permanent usufruct) arriba citado/mencionado: above-mentioned (Along with the above- mentioned) arriendo: lease (Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to income on a straight line basis over the lease term. arroba @ en correo electrnico: at (lewis@example.net se lee como lewis at example dot net.) arruinar: blight (This situation continues to blight the lives of large numbers of people today.) artculo/escrito/ensayo: paper (This paper evaluates the three objectives of the proposed reform regarding monetary and exchange rate policy.) asalariado: salaried (The Bank offers defined benefit pension plans that cover substantially all salaried employees.) asalariado: wage earner (Registered under this heading will be the free workers who can work for several employers in different labour agreements, and may be at the border between wage-earner and independent worker.); salary earner (A worker is considered to be a wage or salary earner of a particular unit if he or she receives a wage or salary from the unit regardless of where the work is done.) Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular: National Assembly of Peoples Power ascendente a: amounting to (This is the only country that we know has foreign currency reserves amounting to almost two trillion dollars.) ascender a: amount to (Federal and state costs for building and operating prisons amounted to $25 billion.); number (The crowd numbered over 100,000); add up to (it adds up to quite a lot of money); upgrade to (you may choose to upgrade to Accredited Practitioner status.) aseguramiento logstico: (in order to provide logistic assurance for the army and improve the performance of the logistic section in a comprehensive way.)

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asegurar que: ensure that (One of the key responsibilities of the Board is to review and assess the Banks risk management capabilities and to ensure that its activities are consistent with internal guidelines and best practices.) asegurar: ensure (The main role of the Board of Directors (the Board) is to oversee the management of the Bank, safeguard its assets, and ensure its viability, profitability and development.) asegurarse de: ascertain (... helps to evaluate the effectiveness of policies - in short, to ascertain whether the problem has been solved.) asentar: book (Payments received for contributions in 2008 were still being recorded in suspense accounts used to book contributions in advance ) asequible/accesible: affordable (ensure high quality services to an affordable price) asesor jurdico/asesora jurdica: legal adviser as como tambin: as well as (We have a responsibility to our community as well as to our families.) as como: as well as (revenues from savings and investing activities as well as from transaction activities remained stable) / (We have a responsibility to our community as well as (= and also) to our families.) as que: so (She was tired, so she went to bed.) as: thus (This plan will reduce waste, and thus cut costs.); thereby (thereby increasing total assets and liabilities.) asiento contable: accounting entry (In case there was no budgetary provision, no accounting entry shall be made ) asignacin: allowance ( and the allowance for credit losses was $121 million.); allocation ( monitoring the allocation of resources in response to market opportunities and changing customer needs.); appropriation (Unlike most export credit agencies that rely on governmental appropriations ) asignaciones de fondos: fund allocations (The strategy includes increased fund allocations) asignaciones de recursos: resource allocations (Therefore, the resource allocations will be extended to cover a certain period of time.) asignaciones presupuestarias: budget allocations (the capacity of the institutions involved in transforming budget allocations into services within schools.); budgetary allocations asignar: allocate (State funds will not be allocated to the program next year.); assign (You need to assign this job to a subordinate.) asimetras comerciales: trade asymmetries (Thus, in equation (1) we cannot examine trade asymmetries that may exist between exports and imports. ...) asimismo: likewise (Likewise it is projected a growth of investments by 25.9%,); to do likewise: hacer lo mismo asistencia financiera: financial asstanse (It provides financial assistance for vocational training, retraining and job-creation schemes.) asistencia social/bienestar social: social welfare (Growth, employment and social welfare belong together.); social asstance (These persons are only eligible for emergency social assistance until they are able to leave the country.) asistencia: help (With the Banks help, we successfully added highly strategic assets and increased our presence in the Canadian food distribution market.) asistir (ayuda): help (The Financial Markets segment has a well-diversified portfolio of businesses that help it to weather these challenging market conditions.) asistir (presencia): attend (We trust that all governments will attend.) Asociacin Nacional de Agricultores Pequeos: National Association of Small Farmers aspecto de importancia vital: extremely important aspect (... human rights dialogue with China is an extremely important aspect of our relations with that country.) aspectos de mayor relevancia: most important aspects (The Seminar was held with a view to addressing the most important aspects and the most urgent challenges) aspectos: respects (In many respects this is an unnecessary waste of energy.); (en todos los aspectos) in every respect (This does not necessarily require that all participants adopt identical rules in every respect.) aspirar a: aspire to (And they can aspire to be more competitive in various ways.) asumir: take over (These bodies rapidly learned to take over the new responsibilities delegated by the) asuntos claves: key issues (Some of the key issues contained in the release by Wikileaks of 250000 secret US diplomatic cables.) asuntos de interes mutuo: issues of mutual interest (This dialogue, covering all issues of mutual interest, takes place in the framework of regular meetings,) asuntos econmicos y financieros: economic and financial affairs atacar: tackle (There are many ways of tackling this problem.)

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atencin: attention (the problem will receive our prompt attention) atendiendo a las circunstancias particulares que concurran en cada caso: on an ad hoc basis (the problems are dealt with on an ad hoc basis) / The admission of this evidence shall be decided by the Board on an ad hoc basis.) atentamente (despedida en cartas): yours truly; yours sincerely atenuar las restricciones: ease the restrictions (and continue the process of easing restrictions on self-employment) atrasado: overdue (payment is overdue); in arrears (Credit card receivables are written off when payments are 180 days in arrears.) atrasos: arrears (Paying those arrears would contribute greatly to reducing social and political tensions and to fostering national reconciliation.) auditado: audited (We have audited the Consolidated Balance Sheets of National Bank of Canada (the Bank) as at October 31, 2010 ) auditar: audit (We have audited the Consolidated Balance Sheets.) auditor externo: external auditor (The European Court of Auditors is the external auditor of the European Union.) auditor interno: internal-auditor (The internal auditor shall also oversee correct implementation of the budget) auditor: auditor (the auditors reports on their financial statements.); controller; auditoria externa: external audit (These audits are to a large extent carried out by external audit firms on behalf of the Commission.) auditora interna: internal audit (This system included a reinforced internal audit capability.); internal auditing (In order to reinforce Grupo Financiero Improsas structure, Internal Auditing focused its 2009 reviews on internal controls, ) auditora: audit (Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.); auditing (This other party is specifically the internal auditing service, which will be completely independent.) auge: boom (Europe's boom phase of economic growth has now ended.) aumentar en: increase by (The budget will increase by around 2% after inflation,); raise by (In these circumstances the decision taken by the ECB to raise by 25 basis points to 4.25%...); rise by (Payments for compulsory expenditure fall by 1,0 % on 2007, while those for non-compulsory expenditure rise by 9,2 %.); extend by; improve by aumentar/mejorar (la calidad): enhance (This will also enhance the quality of the projects submitted.) aumentar: increase (They've increased the price of gas by two cents a gallon.); raise (There are no plans to raise taxes, the president said.); step up (Of course competitiveness must be stepped up.) rise (Real estate prices have risen rapidly.); boost (We took various steps to try to boost sales.); scaling up (The common challenge of scaling up efforts and replicability of initiatives.); up (Operating expenses stood at $2,811 million in 2010, up $149 million or 6% from last year. aumento: increase (There was a slight increase in unemployment last month.); raise (She asked her boss for a raise.); rise (Inflation is on the rise (= increasing).); enhancement an (adv.): yet (We may yet succeed -- you never know.); even (Even with a good education, you need some common sense to get ahead.) an as: even so (Even so, the cumulative impact of such regulation imposes substantial economic costs.), even then (But even then, the authority would need support.) an cuando; aunque: even though (Even though he never completed college, he runs a successful software company.) an mas: further (These measures will further aggravate the situation.); what is more (What is more, since the cold war era this threat, far from decreasing,...) an si: even if (Even if you apologize, she still may not forgive you.); even though aunque con: albeit with (These objectives have been achieved, albeit with delay.) Aunque la mona se vista de seda mona se queda.: You can't make a silk purse out of a sow's ear. aunque: although (He decided to go, although I begged him not to.); though (There's a chance he'll recover, though the doctors can't say for certain.); even though (Even though I was very young, I remember a little about the war.); albeit (Sustaining the development aid effort is essential, albeit not sufficient.); while (While the current US government has taken some positive steps,) ausencia autorizada pagada: authorized paid absence (If a company requires an employee to stay at home after a business trip to an affected country, the leave should be treated as an authorized paid absence from ...) ausencia autorizada: authorized absence (If so, the project personnel shall receive full salary and other emoluments for the period of authorized absence.) ausencia por enfermedad/licencia por enfermedad:-sickness-leave (The aim of this study was to analyse the variations of sickness leave rates among the Barcelona city council civil servants); sick leave (Furthermore, the statistics include a

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frightening rate of sick leave.) / (The regulation refers both to sick leave directly caused by the work (e.g. accident during work) and not related to the work (e.g. unrelated illness) where there is medical proof for the illness.) ausencia:-absence (She has had repeated absences from school this year.); lack (German managers say lack of qualified personnel is becoming the biggest challenge for Europes biggest economy.) ausente:-absent (If Callie is absent from school, she should bring a note from home.) ausentismo: absenteeism (Lower accident rates reduce absenteeism, which constitutes a significant loss for the economy.) auspiciar: sponsor (It will organize and sponsor international cooperation in the field ) auspicio: sponsorship (In May, Concha y Toro signed a three-year sponsorship deal with England's Manchester United football club, ) austeridad: belt-tightening (Cuba and other countries in the developing world face severe challenges that would require belt-tightening and patience.) / (President Obama wants the federal government to do some belt-tightening during tough economic times.) autoabastecimiento: self-sufficiency (They showed their self-sufficiency by growing their own vegetables.); self-supply (The EC foresees self-supply in the demand for cereals in the EU for ...) autofinanciable: self-financing (Only with a turnover of 1 million Kroner annually will the courses be self-financing.); self-funding (This is an independent, self funding organisation set up in 1988.) autofinanciacin/autofinanciamiento: self-financing (The system for producing sugar from sugar beet is a self-financing system.) autofinanciado: self-financing (And, far from being self-financing, it has needed a US$290 million injection from the government.) autogestin: self-management (The purpose of the program is to provide education services based upon community participation, fostering school autonomy, and self-management in poor rural areas.) autogestionado/autogestionada: self-managed (This type of organizational structure has self-managed teams which make their own decisions without reference to higher management.) automtico: automatic (An automatic pistol or rifle can fire repeatedly with one pull of the trigger.) automatizacin: automation (A greater use of automation was also noticeable during the period considered.) automatizar: automate (Automate your shipping process and reduce paperwork.); autoridad monetaria: monetary authority (New instruments should not be used in the financial markets before they have been vetted by a monetary authority.) autorizacin para girar en descubierto las cuentas: permission to overdraw accounts (Customers must now give banks permission to overdraw accounts.) autorizar: license (She's licensed to teach elementary school.) aval bancario: bank guarantee (Bank guarantee: this is a kind of guarantee thanks to which the Bank commits to meeting the customer's obligation to a third party if it cannot do so.) aval limitado: qualified endorsement (qualified endorsement: Endorsement that adds certain words which limit, qualify, or restrain the endorser's liability.) aval bancario: bank guarantee (This security is of lower value than the bank guarantee.) avalador: endorser (An Endorser is any individual or an organization that formally expresses their support and commitment to ) avalar: guarantee (debt; treaty) (The freezer is guaranteed for three years.) (guarantee a loan); endorse (We're not endorsing tax increases.); underwrite avalista: guarantor (The guarantor shall receive a copy of the surety agreement.) avanzando: proceeding (The building project is proceeding smoothly.) averiguar: ascertain (The Commission should ascertain the criteria being applied by Member States.) aviso de crdito: credit advice (Credit advice is a note from a bank informing a customer that an amount of money has been put into their account.); credit notice aviso de dbito: debit advice (Except where a paid cheque is returned by the bank or a debit advice is received from the bank, ) ayuda econmica: economic aid (The majority of economic aid provided goes into the regime's pockets.) ayuda financiera: financial support (Our financial support should encompass the whole sector.) ayuda: help (With the Banks help, we successfully added highly strategic assets and increased our presence in the Canadian food distribution market.) ayudar a determinar: help in determining (The information here will help in determining the appropriate settings for any specific

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application.) ayudar: assist (The company said it would assist workers in finding new jobs.); help (The Financial Markets segment has a well-diversified portfolio of businesses that help it to weather these challenging market conditions.) Aydate y Dios te ayudar: God helps those who help themselves. (INICIO)

B bachiller: bachelorship (The Embassy does not issue bachelorship certificates.): secondary school graduate; high school graduate bachillerato: baccalaureate (these schools may provide the European baccalaureate certificate.) bagaje/acervo (cultural/intelectual): background (The school has students from many different backgrounds.) bagazo (de la caa de azcar): bagasse; sugar cane pulp; sugar cane mash baja/bajo: low (They have the lowest food prices in town.); (low social status); (By fostering an environment of low interest rates,) baja/descenso: fall (a fall in temperature); decrease (I haven't noticed any decrease in ticket sales.); drop (there was a continued drop in temperatures) baja: low (They have the lowest food prices in town.); (low social status); (By fostering an environment of low interest rates,) bajada: fall (a dramatic fall in temperature) ; drop (a dramatic drop in temperature) bajar de categora/degradar: downgrade (They threatened to downgrade my credit rating if I don't pay the bill immediately.) bajar de golpe/caer en picada: plummet (Land productivity at many places has plummeted.) bajar: wind down (in the medium term will wind down the stimulus they deployed to fight the recession.); decrease (Car sales decreased sharply this year.); fall (Stock prices fell sharply in late March and early April.); drop (We are going to have to drop our prices.) lower (businesses have lowered their prices); go down (Prices will be higher in the short term but should start to go down as from 2010," he says.) bajas: disposals (However, the additions, disposals and transfers of all fixed assets are shown in the balance sheet or ...) bajista: bearish (In a strong uptrend, several bearish divergences can appear but the uptrend will continue.) / (The GBPUSD is trading in a clear bearish market condition since yesterday.); downward (The trend has been downward ever since, with donations falling to $143,000 last year.) bajo contrato con: under contract with (Their own capability has been under contract with the Russians" for 20 years, Gates stressed.) bajo la modalidad de: under the modality of (Comprise mortgage loans granted to natural persons for the purchase, expansion, repair or construction of housing, granted under the modality of letters of credit, endorsable negotiable mortgages and others.) balance de cierre: closing balance sheet (is listed on the closing balance sheet as an investment by the equity method.) balance de comprobacin: trial balance (While numerous documents were delivered on time, many critical documents such as the final trial balance,) balance de resultados: profit and loss statement ( by your financial backers on classic financial measures: the balance sheet, the profit and loss statement, and the cashflow statement.) balance de situacin/estado de situacin: balance sheet (The balance sheet describes the assets, the liabilities and the equity of the partnership at a particular point in time.) balances de fin de ao: year-end balances (Year-end balances of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are converted into euros on the basis of the exchange rates applying on 31 December 2006.) balanza comercial: trade balance (With the results, the sector trade balance had a superavit of US$ 66.3 million.) balanza de cuentas: account balance (Account balance is the amount of money in an account, equal to the net of credits and debits at that point in time for that account.); balance on account (If the vendor has provided the customer with a line of credit, the statement will also show the minimum payment due along with the total balance on account.) balanza de la cuenta de capital: capital account balance (Any capital withdrawals (e.g. dividends paid) during the period will reduce the capital account balance, so the withdrawal is closed to Retained Earnings: ...) balanza de la cuenta financiera: financial account balance (The Financial account balance refers to (net) international transactions in financial assets, such as overseas sales of securities and bank loans ...)

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balanza de pagos: balance of payments (The balance of payments is now more healthy than for a long time.) balanza por cuenta corriente: current account balance (Inflation remained moderate in the sub-region at about 4% while the current account balance weakened slightly to less than 1%.) banca comercial: commercial banking (Commercial banking activites are different than those of investment banking) banca corporativa: corporate banking (He has a longstanding career in commercial, international and corporate banking.) banca corporativa: corporate banking (He has a longstanding career in commercial, international and corporate banking,...) banca de inversin: investment banking (Overall profile of investment banking customers.) banca electrnica: electronic banking (the expansion of electronic networks, which has promoted the introduction of electronic banking services, facilitating cross-border trade.) banca empresa: corporate banking (He has a longstanding career in commercial, international and corporate banking,...) banca empresarial: corporate banking (He has a longstanding career in commercial, international and corporate banking,...) banca extranjera: foreign banking (After more than 30 years in Spain, Barclays is the country's leading foreign banking institution) banca individual: individual banking (provides financial services both to individual banking customers and companies.) banca internacional: internacional banking (It started international banking business in 1963.) banca mayorista: wholesale banking (Wholesale banking (comprising corporate banking and institutional banking)) banca minorista: retail banking (Personal financial services segment naturally into three groups: retail banking, personal lines insurance and savings and investment products.) banca personal: private banking (has a specialized commercial network providing private banking services to 18,161 customers.); personal banking (In 2010, Personal Banking revenues increased by 7% ...) banca privada: individual banking (provides financial services both to individual banking customers and companies.) banca: banking (Banking in the modern sense of the word can be traced to medieval and early Renaissance Italy,) bancarrota: bankruptcy (It is one of tens of European airlines which went into bankruptcy this year.) banco cscara: shell bank (Citibank is seeking an exception to a proposed ban on doing business with shell banks, which have no physical presence and are situated "virtually" in offshore ...) Banco Central Europeo (BCE): European Central Bank (ECB) Banco Centroamericano de Integracin Econmica: Central American Bank for Economic Integration Banco de Desarrollo del Caribe (BDC): Caribbean Development Bank (CDB) Banco de Pagos Internacionales: Bank for International Settlements (BIS) (The Bank ensures that capital levels at all times exceed the minimum capital requirements established by the guidelines of the Superintendent according to the standards of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS).) Banco del Sur: Bank of the South (The launch of the Bank of the South is an ambitious and strategic gambit in regional integration, one that could result in a truly regional development bank.) banco ficticio; shell bank (To refuse to enter into or continue a correspondent banking relationship with "shell banks.) Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID): Inter-American Development Bank (The Inter-American Development Bank (IADB or IDB) is the largest source of development financing for Latin America and the Caribbean.) banco pantalla: shell bank (Article 11.2 proposes to prohibit credit institutions from entering into a relationship with a correspondent bank which permits its accounts to be used by shell banks.) banco simulado: shell bank (A shell bank is a financial term that describes a financial institution that does not have a physical presence in any country and which is unaffiliated with a regulated financial group.) bancos comerciales estatales: state commercial banks (Following the Basel I convention rules, the regulation and supervision of state commercial banks and other national and foreign financial institutions was put into practice ...) bancos corresponsales: correspondent banks (In this regard, has been essential counting with a network of correspondent banks whose nature and location enable to cover all the regions of interest,) banqueros bandidos: banksters ("The banksters crashed the economy, but thanks to generous federal bailouts, they won't have to sacrifice their fat bonuses.") barato: cheaply (Send text messages cheaply and easily with goober.)

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barrera comercial: trade barrier (Trade barriers are government-induced restrictions on international trade.) basado en: based on (The drive for democracy must be based on local ownership and respect for local sensitivities.) basarse en: based on (Cooperatives are based on the free association of the workers who comprise it.) base de acumulacin (devengo): accrual basis (Accrual basis is related to a method of accounting that recognizes income when earned and expenses when incurred regardles of when cash is received or disbursed.) base de amortizacin: depreciation base (The gains from the sale thereby reduce the depreciation base for the newly acquired assets.) base de datos: database (A database is an organized collection of data for one or more purposes, usually in digital form.) base de depreciacin: depletion base (or the property is considered to be impaired, the cost of the property or the impairment is added to the depletion base.) base imponible: tax base (is not convinced that a harmonised tax base will attract further foreign investment.); taxable base; taxable income base impositiva/tributaria: tax base (Strengthening the tax base is essential, particularly in countries with ...) base monetaria: monetary base (It is always possible to expand the monetary base as international reserves accumulate while maintaining an unchanged nominal exchange rate.)

base tarifaria: rate base (investments undertaken by the concessionaire are eligible for inclusion in the rate base) bases: foundations (The two leaders have laid the foundations of a new era of cooperation between their countries.) bsico: basic (We help with basic needs like food and shelter.); bread-and-butter (Health and education are the sort of bread-and-butter issues that people vote on.); essential (There is an essential difference between the two sisters in their approach to life.) Basilea: Basel (Basel II is the second of the Basel Accords, which are recommendations on banking laws and regulations issued by the Basel Committee on Banking ...) bastante: quite (the analyses that can be made with the information available are quite general) bastantes: quite a few (There were quite a few (= a lot) of people waiting in line.); quite a lot of baza: trump card= something that gives you an advantage over others (The ultimate trump card for the space program is that it is a very exciting thing.); (The trump card of these entities is their transparency.) beneficiar: benefit (I have benefited greatly from her wisdom.) beneficiario efectvo: beneficial owner (In that case the paying agent must take reasonable steps to establish the identity of the true beneficial owner.) beneficiario: payee (Payee is one who receives a payment, such as through cash, check, money order, or promissory note.); beneficiary (The Commission may require the beneficiary to lodge a guarantee of the bank.) beneficio adicional: fringe benefit (The fact that the ECHR's workload will be reduced comes, then, as a welcome fringe benefit.) beneficio antes de impuestos: profit before taxes (the Community industry should yield a profit before taxes of 5 %.) beneficio bruto: gross profit (Gross profit was affected by higher-than-expected price increases in raw materials and packaging ) beneficio cada vez mayor: ever-increasing profit (transactions on financial markets created the impression of ever-increasing profits.) beneficio cada vez menor: ever-diminishing profit (Vehicle manufacturers and vehicle dealers both face stiffer competition, leading to everdiminishing profit margins.) beneficio complementario: fringe benefit (The fact that the ECHR's workload will be reduced comes, then, as a welcome fringe benefit.) beneficio creciente: ever-increasing profit (transactions on financial markets created the impression of ever-increasing profits.) beneficio de explotacin: operating profit (Although operating profit fell from 126 million euros to 117 million euros) beneficio de inventario: inventory benefit (To add simplicity and inventory benefits for our customers, the new products will combine ) beneficio de ventas: sales profit (The sender profit center, P1234, reflects the sales made with the sales profit center.) beneficio decreciente: ever-diminishing profit (Vehicle manufacturers and vehicle dealers both face stiffer competition, leading to everdiminishing profit margins.) beneficio del ejercicio: accounting year's profit (In this example the first accounting year's profits are 60000.) beneficio despus de impuestos: profit after taxes (Profit after taxes from continued operations has amounted to 200.2 million euros, which entails an increase of 13.3% with respect to 2005.) beneficio distribuido: distributed profit (parent company shall refrain from taxing the distributed profits of the subsidiary.) appropriated

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profit beneficio extra: fringe benefit (Fringe benefits are compensation beyond a regular salary or wage.) beneficio financiero: financial profit (salaries were frozen in order to allow an increasing share of the wealth generated to be channelled into financial profit.) beneficio fiscal: tax benefit (The amount of tax benefit may vary according to) beneficio gravable: taxable profit (have to commit themselves to mutual recognition of the various methods of calculating taxable profit.) beneficio imponible: taxable profit (have to commit themselves to mutual recognition of the various methods of calculating taxable profit.) beneficio jubilatorio: pension allowance (On the death of the widow(er) receiving the pension, an eligible dependant receives a sum equal to three months' pension allowance.) beneficio marginal: marginal profit (The justification for this type of mechanism is based on the fact that the marginal profit to the electricity producer of a kilowatt of new capacity is lower than the marginal profit to society.) beneficio mdico: medical benefit (In 4.6 percent of the cases, the medical benefit or risk was unclear.) beneficio neto declarado: declared net profit (the ECB's declared net profit for 2009 amounted to 2,253 million) beneficio neto: net profit (Net profit in the first nine months amounted to 1.792 million euro, ) beneficio neto: net profit (Results in the first quarter of 2007 were in line with expectations, with net profit up 16% y/y.) beneficio no distribuido: undistributed profit (The undistributed profit must come from establishments located in the Canary Islands.); retained profit (The progression of retained profit for the year will take it to a level of FRF in 2006.) beneficio nominal: nominal profit ( to reach a level of just under $750, which corresponds to a nominal profit of 182 %, or 30 % p.a. since March 2001.) beneficio operativo: operating profit (Although operating profit fell from 126 million euros to 117 million euros) beneficio retenido: retained earnings (The Corporation's approval capacity shall be defined as the total subscribed capital and retained earnings plus borrowing capacity.); retained profit (The progression of retained profit for the year will take it to a level of FRF in 2006.) beneficio: benefit (This requirement must also be of benefit to members of the public.) beneficio: return (we expect a good return on our investments); profit (Any profit made on the sale is taxable.); earnings (the earnings that a company makes); gain (Stock prices rose again today after yesterday's gains.) beneficios imponibles: taxable profit (mutual recognition of the various methods of calculating taxable profit.) beneficios no distribuidos: retained earnings (Retained earnings are the best form of financing growth and investment.) beneficios reinvertidos: (These reinvested earnings are recorded as income with an offsetting capital transaction.) beneficios: benefits (ventajas); proceeds (In both Guatemala and Bolivia the net proceeds of the sales of electricity companies were); profits (This will not generate profits for pharmaceutical companies.); gains (Its recovery demands the liquidation of historic gains of the U.S. working class.); earnings (Retained earnings are the best form of financing growth and investment.) payoffs (Reforms that cut red tape, clarify property rights, and streamline regulatory compliance can yield big payoffs for firms and workers.) benfico: charitable (Recommendations must be prepared for charitable organisations to increase their transparency and responsibility.); beneficient (It was like a beneficient association in which twelve heads of a family were, at least, inscribed and had the privilege to select their ) ; beneficial (They will not only have a beneficial impact on climate but will create jobs there and improve access to energy.); salutary (... poisons have been discovered that are salutary when used in a certain way.) bianual: biannual (happening twice a year) (Second biannual review of the Strategic Framework for Peacebuilding in Burundi.) bien guardado/bien cuidado/bien conservado: well-kept (His decision to resign was a well-kept secret.) / (well-kept garden) / (well-kept building) bien sabido/muy conocido/famoso: well-known (it is well-known that) / (The book is by a well-known historian.) bienal: biennial (happening once every two years) or (lasting for two years); (A change to a biennial Assembly should be accompanied by a change to a biennial budget.)/(The crop is biennial when it is pulled two years after planting.) bienes (de consumo) duraderos: durable goods (Durable goods are a product that lasts over three years,); consumer durables bienes de capital: capital assets (Depreciation expenses for capital assets will spread the acquisition cost of the asset over its useful working life across several years, ) bienes de consumo: consumer goods (Additionally, we assume a correction factor of 12% to cover other consumer goods like food,

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photocopying and stationery, among others.) bienes intermedios/productos intermedios: intermediate goods (These firms have become important exporters of intermediate goods to China.) bienes manufacturados: manufactured goods (The exports and imports of manufactured goods are covered by statistics, ) bienes raices: real estate (For the first time in a half-century, Cubans will be allowed to buy and sell real estate openly, bequeath property to relatives without restriction ...) bienes y servicios: goods and services (Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world.) bienes: goods (In other words, the price of goods must reflect their real environmental cost.) bienestar social: social welfare (Learn from Cuba, says World Bank ... of President Fidel Castro for doing a great job in providing for the social welfare of the Cuban people.) bienestar: welfare; well-being (Seeing her grandchildren gave her a sense of well-being.) bloqueo econmico, comercial y financiero: economic, commercial and financial blockade (Necessity of ending the economic, commercial and financial blockade imposed by the United States of America against Cuba.) bolsa/bolsa de valores: stock exchange (Only stock exchange members can trade on the Bratislava Stock Exchange.) / (Generally speaking, good news regarding employment makes the stock exchange nervous, as it makes them afraid of a rise in inflation.) bono accesible: callable bond (Before buying a callable bond, it is important that you inspect the bond covenant which lists all the terms of the bond issue.) bono amortizable/bono rescatable/bono retirable/bono redimible: callable bond (Before buying a callable bond, it is important that you inspect the bond covenant which lists all the terms of the bond issue.) bono cupn cero/bono sin cupn/obligacin de cupn cero: zero-coupon bond (This is consistent with the decision taken over the treatment of zero-coupon bonds.) Borrn y cuenta nueva.: Let bygones, be bygones. bosquejar: outline (The Guidelines have a section on monetary and exchange rate policy that outlines the intended changes for implementation in that field.) bveda de banco: vault bank (They were then taken back to the bank vault.) brecha: gap (the gap between supply and demand); (He was trying to bridge the gap (=zanjar la brecha) between elders and youth, the middle class and poor.) buena disposicin: readiness (readiness to admit mistakes) (readiness to learn); willingness (a willingness to undertake gradual reform) buena voluntad: willingness (a willingness to undertake gradual reform) burlar: outwit; (It is impossible to negotiate if one side feels that the other side is trying to outwit them.); outsmart (You think you can outsmart me?) burocracia: bureaucracy (There is a risk of excessive bureaucracy.); red tape (official routine or procedure marked by excessive complexity which results in delay or inaction); (Let us oppose this latest example of red tape from the top.) buscar: pursue (She single-mindedly pursued her goal of earning a law degree.) bsqueda constante: constant search (The modern society is in a constant search towards increasing the quality and the efficiency of the sanitary systems. ...) bsqueda: pursuit (The pursuit of happiness is an unalienable right.) (INICIO)

C cabe indicar que: it is worth indicated that (In that regard, it is worth indicating that the sustainability of the inflation reduction is more difficult when it has already...) cabe resaltar que: it is worth mentioning that (In this context, it is worth mentioning that in the Directive) cabe sealar que: note that (Note that Cuba is the only country against which sanctions derived from the 1917 Trading with the Enemy Act are still in place.)

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caber/tener cabida: fit (The Guidelines of the Economic and Social Policy of the Party and the Revolution mention the cooperatives as a non-state business forms that will fit in the new economic model to establish in the coming years in our country.) cada vez ms: more and more (More and more powers are being concentrated in the hands of the state); ever more (In this scenario the value of training and qualification acquire ever more relevance.) cada: every (every year) / (every three days=every third day) / (In many places, malnutrition affects every third child (= one child in three) = (uno de cada tres) / (The conference used to be held every year, but now it takes place every other year (= once in two years) = (un ao si y otro no) = (cada dos aos) Cadeca: Official Currency Exchange Agency; Currency-exchange bureau; Currency exchange house caer: drop (The temperature dropped nearly 50 degrees in 24 hours.) caerse: tumble (GFIs loan portfolio assets tumbled 23.3%, ending the year at 146,815 million.) cada abrupta: steep plunge (Of note was a steep plunge in other operating income ) cada: fall (The fall in coffee prices is indeed catastrophic.); slump (This is now quite evident with the slump in the euro.); drop (What caused this initial drop in the exchange rate?) caja de ahorros: savings bank caja de caudales/caja fuerte: strongbox; safe Caja de Conversin/Caja de Convertibilidad/Junta Monetaria: Currency Board (Currency Board is a monetary authority that makes decisions about the valuation of a nation's currency) caja de seguridad: safe deposit box; safety deposit box (A safe deposit box (also safety deposit box) is a strong box in a bank where you can keep valuable things, esp. documents or jewelry.) cajero automtico: automated teller machine (ATM) (BANDEC holds dozens of ATMs dislocated in several cities that are integrated into the national network of Cuban banking system,); automatic teller machine (less often) cajero: bank teller (A bank teller is a bank staff member who deals directly with the public and handles routine banking transactions.) calculado: calculated (These estimates have been calculated on the basis of the same methodology used for ) calcular (valor/cantidad): calculate (Another indicator known as net cash capital, calculated monthly, measures the portion of term loans being used to finance the Banks illiquid assets.); calcular: reckon (Brusca reckons that the value of all goods and services produced declined last quarter.); work out (You can use a calculator to work out the solution.); compute clculo aproximado: rough estimate (As a rough estimate, about 70% thereof (85 000 persons) have problems ...) clculo: calculation (The VaR (Value-at-Risk) calculation model is based on a historical simulation methodology using two years of data.) clculo: estimate (I can only make a rough estimate (= an amount that is not exact) of how many people will attend.) caldo de cultivo: breeding ground (Poverty is a breeding ground for crime.) calentamiento global: global warming (The global warming may be a catastrophe for humanity.) calificar como/designar como: label as (Since 2010, the Cuban economy has entered a new period of economic reform, officially labeled as an update of the economic model.) cmara central de compensacin: central clearing house (and a central clearing house for inter-bank transactions was established by the Central Bank.) Cmara de Compensacin de Pagos: Chamber of Compensation for Payments (The Unity of the Common Account SUCRE and a Chamber of Compensation for Payments will be established.) cambiante: changing (Young people grow up into a constantly changing world.) cambio climtico: climate change (Tackling climate change is the challenge of our time.) campesino: farmer (Each farmer had his own plot with which to grow his own food, use it, and sell the extra, if any.) campo de accin/esfera de accin: scope (the scope of the new measures must be defined) campo de cultivo: breeding ground (Poverty is a breeding ground for crime.) campo de golf: gulf course (The hotel has a great golf course.) / (You will also have three gulf courses, considered among the best 150 of the world.) campo: countryside (Much of Connecticut's countryside is dotted with large estates and horse farms.) Canal de la Mancha: English Channel

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canasta bsica de consumo: basic consumption basket (Before the partial reforms of the 1990s, the Cuban familys basic consumption basket was obtained almost entirely from state retail networks.) cancelacin de prstamos incobrables: writing off bad loans (the injection of public funds for writing off bad loans became a taboo subject.) cancelar el contracto/rescindir el contrato: cancel a contract cancelar (por considerarla incobrable): write off (The Commission is not in a position to write off debts.) cancelar/suspender (reunin, juego): call off capacidad de molida diaria: daily milling capacity (In fact, of the total mills in Cuba, 16 percent have a daily milling capacity below 2300 tons (the average is about 4200 tons). capacidad de molida: milling capacity (sugar cane milling capacity) (a milling capacity of 40 000 tons daily/per day) capacidad financiera: financial standing (The selection criteria make it possible to assess the applicant's financial standing and operational capability to complete the proposed work programme.) capacidad: ability (Their ability to do their job will be judged later.) capacitacin especializada/formacin especializada: specialist training (Members received specialist training in the handling of hazardous materials, crisis management and fire-fighting.) capacitacin profesional/formacin professional: professional training (The agreement includes, proffesional training, scientific research, technological development and technological ...) capacitacin: training (A single point of access to the vast range of vocational education and training information, products and services in Australia.) capear: weather (France's financial system weathered the crisis well, but Belgium's did not.) capital asignado: stated capital (The amount of capital that a company must hold, in order to pay dividends and other payouts. Stated capital usually equals a stock's stated value times the amount of outstanding stock.) capital circulante: working capital (Working capital on the balance sheet is the difference between current assets and current liabilities. The reason working capital is so important is because it lets...) / (These loans can be used both for working capital or investment purposes. ) capital contable: accountable capital (Regarding the accountable capital, to December 31, 2008, it was of Q13,262.5 million, higher by Q2,091.8 million (18.7%) than the registered to December 2007 ); capital account (This cancellation is treated as a capital transfer from the government to the debtor in the capital account );); net assets (The net assets figure has not been decreasing.); net worth (Net worth is also known as shareholder's equity or shareholders funds.); owners equity (The basic accounting equation is Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity. Both equipment and cash are assets.) capital cubierto: paid-up capital (Four percent of the paid-up capital, as a minimum, in the form of a dividend to shareholders ) capital de explotacin: working capital (A negative working capital has to be considered rather as a sign that a company may be facing bankruptcy or serious financial trouble.) capital de nivel 1: tier 1 capital (Tier 1 capital is the core measure of a bank's financial strength from a regulator's point of view.); (Our Tier 1 capital ratio was 14.0%, also placing the Bank among industry leaders, in both Canada and globally.) capital de nivel 2: tier 2 capital (The principal form of eligible capital to cover market risks consists of shareholders' equity and retained earnings (tier 1 capital) and supplementary capital (tier 2 capital) as defined in the 1988 Accord. capital de nivel 3: tier 3 capital (banks may also, at the discretion of their national authority, employ a third tier of capital (tier 3 capital), consisting of short-term subordinated debt for the sole purpose of meeting a proportion of the capital requirements for market risks) capital de operacin: working capital (The purpose of the working capital reserve shall be to ensure continuity of operations in the event of a temporary...) capital de trabajo: working capital (It will use the loan proceeds to refinance liabilities and finance working capital to ensure business continuity and profitability.) capital declarado: stated capital (The amount of capital that a company must hold, in order to pay dividends and other payouts. Stated capital usually equals a stock's stated value times the amount of outstanding stock.) capital desembolsado: paid-up capital (Four percent of the paid-up capital, as a minimum, in the form of a dividend to shareholders ) capital en acciones/capital social: capital stock ( the Bank completed the repurchase of 6,244,700 common shares for an amount of $473 million, which reduced Common capital stock by $74 million and Retained earnings by $399 million.) capital establecido: stated capital (The amount of capital that a company must hold, in order to pay dividends and other payouts. Stated capital usually equals a stock's stated value times the amount of outstanding stock.)

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capital estatal mixto/capital estatal conjunto: joint state capital (Currently, the Cuban financial system is integrated by eight state-owned commercial banks (SOCBs), a bank with joint state capital from Cuba and Venezuela (Banco Industrial de Venezuela-Cuba), nine non-bank state financial institutions, and 15 representative offices of foreign financial institutions.) capital humano: human capital (Investment in human capital is the basis for a society of innovation and knowledge.) capital legal: legal capital (Legal capital refers to the portion of owners equity and assets that cannot be distributed, and is therefore permanent in nature.) capital promedio: average equity (Net profit/loss for the year x 100/Average equity) capital propio: equity capital (Only on the basis of sufficient accepted equity capital can a bank operate and expand its commercial operations.) capital social: share capital (On that date share capital redenomination will occur automatically.) capitalizar: capitalize (The fair value of the options was capitalized as part of the purchase price.) captacin de fondos: fundraising (This adversely affects both fundraising and investing.) caractersticas distintivas: distinctive features (Distinctive features are grouped into categories according to the natural classes of segments they describe ) caracterizado por: marked by (... a favourable economic environment in Canada, marked by a strong rebound in employment, ...) carbonfera: coal (China presents a particular energy challenge, specifically with its coal industry.); coaling (Guantnamo was a sleepy former coaling station for U.S. naval vessels) carencia: lack (German managers say lack of qualified personnel is becoming the biggest challenge for Europes biggest economy.); shortage ( in spite of shortages and difficulties.) carga de trabajo: workload (We also believe that the current increase in its workload should receive appropriate administrative support.) carga fiscal: tax burden (We favour lightening the tax burden on workers,) carga: drag (Keeping a large staff is a drag on our income.) cargar: charge (he always charges payments directly to his current account) cargar con: bear ( a too-slow adjustment that would require another twenty years of bearing the costs of monetary duality.) cargos diferidos: deferred charges (Amortization of deferred charges is determined using the straight-line method based on the ...) cargos y comisiones bancarias: bank charges and commissions (... practical problems with the introduction of the single currency are beginning to surface as time goes on, such as its inflationary effects and the increase in bank charges and commissions.); bank fees and commissions (Mexico's central bank, Banxico, announced new policies on bank fees and commissions charged for banking transactions occurring in Mexico.); banking charges and commissions (... commission payable against the banking services rendered in accordance with the banking charges and commissions approved and announced by the Bank.); banking fees and commissions (Mexico puts limits on banking fees and commissions.) :: cargos y comisiones: fees and commissions (If these fees and commissions are significant, the MFI should create two subaccounts: one for fees and commissions from clients and the other for fees and commissions from related parties.); charges and commissions (Charges and commissions are recognized either right at the time of the operation or during its course, depending on ...) carta de crdito stanby: stanby letter of credit (A documentary credit is sometimes used as collateral in place of a bank guarantee. Such a documentary credit is called a standby letter of credit.) carta de crdito: letter of credit (329 letters of credit amounting 275 million convertibles pesos were issued in the year.) carta de garanta: letter of guarantee (The applicant maintains that the Commission unlawfully and culpably refused to return those letters of guarantee, although it had no reason to retain them.) carta de triunfo: trump card (something that gives you an advantage over others) (This is the trump card that liberals carry into all these negotiations.) cartera de crditos: credit portfolio (Retail credit risks should be under control when the credit portfolio increases.) cartera de fideicomiso: trust portfolio (By the end of the year its trust portfolio topped out at 1,489,711.3 million, a 28.1% improvement over the previous year.) cartera de financiamiento: financing portfolio (Taken together, these three account for 97 per cent of the commercial financing portfolio) cartera de inversin: investment portfolio (Get an investment portfolio tailored to your goal.)

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cartera de negociacin: trading portfolio (Instruments classified in the trading portfolio, including financial derivatives, are recorded at fair value, with changes taken to the income statement.); trading book (It was our group that introduced the amendments relating to the trading book.) cartera de prstamos: loan portfolio (The loan portfolio of Banco de Crdito y Comercio is financed with resources coming from customers and other domestic and foreign financial institutions.) cartera: portfolio cartilla de racionamiento: ration book (A ration book is a book of coupons which is used to control consumption of certain products which may be in high demand.); ration card (Consideration of a phasing out of the ration card, ) casa de cambio: exchange houses However, credit unions, microfinance associations, remittance companies and exchange houses do not know these obligations nor enforce practical application (except an exchange house); bureau of exchange (Wherever possible, you should convert currency at a bank, official bureau of exchange or major hotel.); exchange bureau casa matriz: central office (The Republic Bank, whose central office is based in Trinidad and Tobago,); head office (Furthermore, there should be no impediments to onsite visits by head office auditors, risk managers or compliance officers.) casi cada: almost every (the great diversity of subjects that life brings to us, almost every day) casi tanto: almost as much (It'll cost almost as much to repair your computer as to buy a new one.) casi todos/as: almost every (that this draft constitution represents a considerable advance in almost every area.) casi: almost (Setting this parameter to a large number is almost always a bad idea.); nearly(while nearly 11.0% of the banks employees are studying to reach that level.); just about (Immorality and general disrespect for our fellow beings is just about the norm in this day and age.) causar: bring about (the mistrust of consumers that, together with a reduction in earnings, brings about the fall in the consumption,) Caza de Ballenas: Whaling ceder el puesto: hand over (This evening the outgoing Parliament is handing over to the new Parliament) ceder: yield (It's easy to yield to the temptation to borrow a lot of money.); abate ((Therefore, after the introduction of the dual currency system inflationary pressures did not abate in Montenegro, as foodstuff prices increased strongly.) celebrar: hold (The election will be held on the 8th of November.) central azucarero/ingenio azucarero: sugar mill (The sugar mill Melanio Hernndez,) centrar la atencin en: focus the attention on (This edition will focus the attention on the Medical Applications of Biotechnology.) centrarse en: focus on (Tonights program focuses on homelessness.) centro comercial: shopping mall (The web is the world's biggest shopping mall.) Centro de Referencias: Referral Center centro/corazn/ncleo: (The core of most contracts is a set of mutual promises (in legal terminology, "consideration"). centro/foco: focus (The focus of attention has shifted from the economy to improving the public schools.) centros de acopio: collection centers (Starting in 1994 plastic has been packed at the collection centers.); wholesale points (Approved farmers lists must be available at all wholesale points); storage centers (Moreover, the minister said that a total of 164 storage centers were opened throughout the country) centros de poder econmico: economic centres of power (There are now four great economic centres of power: the US, Europe, China and Japan.) centros de poder financiero: financial centres of power ( economy and information concentrate decision-making power in the hands of multinational corporations, around financial centres of power, and in multilateral ) centros de poder poltico: political centres of power (Paris campus is located in the heart of Paris, close to the political centres of power and cultural attractions.) centros de poder: centres of power (The development of multiple power centres represents a real risk to the peace process.) cerca de: nearly (Nearly 50000 posts are under threat or have already been lost in the health service in England.); close on cercenar: cut off (the so called Torricelli Act, which cut off our trade in medicine and foodstuffs with the subsidiaries of US companies based in third countries.) cerciorarse de: ascertain (The purpose of this verification shall be to ascertain that ) cerco: siege (to tighten the siege around the Island)

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cerrar a la baja: close down (the Stock Exchange closed down yesterday) of trading yesterday; be down at the close (the Stock Exchange was down at the close yesterday) certeza razonable: reasonable assurance (Those standards require that audits be planned and performed to obtain reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free of material misstatement.) Certificado de Depsito: Certificate of Deposit (You can keep funds that you might need at short notice in a savings account or credit union share account, a money market deposit account or even a short-term certificate of deposit (CD).) Certificado de Liquidez: Liquidity Certificate (having issued a new instrument known as the Liquidity Certificate (LC).) cheque de viajero: travellers check (This payment is in cash, traveller's check or internacional credit card.); travellers cheque cheque devuelto: bad check (You may replace a bad check with a cashier's check, money order, debit card or credit card issued in your name.) cheque sin fondo: bad check ( the borrower could be criminally prosecuted for writing a bad check.) cheque: check (The entire non-state sector may use, in addition to cash, the following payment instruments: a) bank transfers, b) checks, c) payment orders, d) debit or credit cards, e) local letters of credit, f) demand bills, g) promissory notes, and h) others that are used in banking. CIF (costo, seguro y flete): CIF (cost, insurance and freight) (CIF means that the seller has the same obligations like with CFR (cost and freight)) circulacin mercantil minorista: retail merchandise circulation (there was growth in the retail merchandise circulation by 6.7%) citacin: summons (serve a summons) citaciones: summonses (serve summonses) citacin: service citado anteriormente: abovementioned (Generally the abovementioned actions or projects will be promotional activities ) clase dirigente: establishment (The establishment is the people who have most of the power within a country or in a particular activity.: La clase dirigente (el establishment) son las personas que tienen la mayor parte del poder dentro de un pas o en una actividad.) clase media tradicional estadounidense: middle America (Joseph Kraft defined "Middle America" as a blue collar or rural white male, "traditional in his values and defensive against innovation.) clasificacin crediticia: credit rating (They threatened to downgrade my credit rating if I don't pay the bill immediately.) clasificacin: ranking (Academic Ranking of World Universities is the first world university ranking.) clasificada por: sorted by (The database has information sorted by date, hazard, region, country, etc.) clasificar: rank (The tennis association ranks her second.) cliente habitual: regular customer (Daniel Ungarsky was a regular customer at Taco Bell.) cliente: customer (customer=a person who buys goods or a service) clientela: clientele (clientele=all the customers of a business when they are considered as a group) clientes comerciales: commercial customers (Peco Energy Co.'s commercial customers who have not shopped for an alternative electric supplier might want to reconsider that strategy.) clientes corporativos: corporate customers (We offer our corporate customers a wide range of services that are tailored to their needs and professionally implemented.) clientes exigentes: demanding customers (The bank competes to be the leading global provider of financial solutions for demanding customers, ) clientes institucionales: institutional customers (Institutional customers is a term used in the financial services industry to differentiate retail customers and corporate customers from other financial institutions ) clientes minoristas: retail customers (Only with price improvement will retail customers get the good prices they deserve.) clientes que entran de la calle: walk-in customers (Note: We do not have the facilities for walk-in customers at our headquarters.) / (The way you and your front line employees greet walk-in customers has a huge impact on your bottom line.) / (a lot of our business is from walk-in customers) cobertura contra la inflacin/proteccin contra la inflacin: hedge against inflation (She invested in foreign companies as a hedge against inflation.) cobertura del flujo de efectivo/cobertura del flujo de caja: cash flow hedge (The Company had the following currency risk management

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contracts outstanding as at June 30, 2010 that qualify for cash flow hedge accounting.) cobertura: cover (We have to make sure that the amount of cover is sufficient.) / (... that new expenditure must have the requisite financial cover.); coverage (we were able to maintain adequate bad debt coverage) cobrar al contado: encash (=To convert a financial instrument or funding source into cash.) / (You need to learn the technique of writing the authorization letter to encash the cheque.) cobrar en efectivo: encash (To convert a financial instrument or funding source into cash.) / (You can also encash from any SMART Store or selected SMART Money Centers nationwide.) cobrar un inters de: charge interest of (The Company may charge interest of 24% per annum on any overdue payment commencing on the due date for payment and calculated at the end of each ...) cobrar un inters sobre: charge interest on (Seller reserves the right to charge interest on any sum not received on due date.) cobrar: collect (Russia would no longer collect overflight charges.) cobro de deuda incobrable: bad debt collection (Credit Collections (UK) Ltd is a debt collection agency providing bad debt collection, debt recovery & credit control services.) cobro de morosos: debt collection cobros por servicios: collections of services ( its main problematic is the lack of financing, formation and internationalization, the dilatoriness in the collections of services and the modernization of the sector.) cobros y pagos: collections and payments (The most efficient way to manage your collections and payments.) cdigo de tica: code of ethics (And we also have a code of ethics to which our members must adhere to make this experience safe and enjoyable for everyone.) coeficiente de solvencia: solvency ratio (In this way it was possible to minimise the amount of capital injected by the State in order to strengthen the solvency ratio.) coeficiente: rate (We have relatively low unemployment rates these days.) colaboracin: help (With the Banks help, we successfully added highly strategic assets and increased our presence in the Canadian food distribution market.) colateral en efectivo: cash collateral (Cash collateral is the predominant form of collateral used in financial transactions including securities lending, repurchase transactions and ) colateral: collateral ( the value of the companies could fall, due to the fact that the balance sheet (market value itself) is the collateral with which the company will obtain credit.) colchn de liquidez: liquidity cushion (Liquidity cushion in the form of cash in euro deposited with an eligible counterparty must be maintained at all times to cover all interest payments ); liquidity safety net (The American giant has gone from near bankruptcy to having a liquidity safety net of 244,000 million dollars.) colmar el vacio: bridge the gap (He was trying to bridge the gap between elders and youth, the middle class and poor.) colocar: place (she placed o invested the money at 9%); put (This puts me in a very difficult position.); launch (to launch a product on to the market) comercializacin/puesta en mercado: marketing (an integrated food marketing and distribution network) comercializar/poner en venta: market (It's a product that will sell if we can find the right way to market it.) comerciar: trade (For centuries, Native Americans traded with European settlers.) comercio de trueque: barter trade (Prices made under barter trade arrangements are normally considered to be unreliable.) comercio detallista/comercio al por menor: retail trade (Households were however engaged mostly in agriculture, handicrafts and limited retail trade services.) comercio exterior: foreign trade (Cuba foreign trade has had to face and solve two great transformations: the first was a consequence of the incipient blockade of the United States authorities, ...) comercio interior: domestic trade (Murillo said that retail trade, the main activity of the domestic trade ministry, is closely linked to solutions aimed at meeting the pressing needs of ...) comercio internacional: international trade (What the report calls fair international trade does not exist.) comercio intraregional: intraregional trade (Only local production and intra-regional trade are sustainable and able to guarantee access to food for everyone.) comercio transfronterizo: cross-border trade (It is therefore encouraging that cross-border trade is also progressing.) comienzo: opening (on the opening of personal credit and loans for non-state businesses)

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Comisin Econmica para Amrica Latina y el Caribe: Economic Comisin for Latin America and the Caribbean comisiones de corretaje: brokerage fees (The brokerage fees are very reasonable and the orders are placed very quickly.); brokerage charges (These costs include brokerage charges, stamp duties (if applicable), custodian fees and administration fees); brokerage commissions (brokerage commission shall be recorded either as a transaction cost to be included in the cost of the asset or as expense) comisiones por cobrar: commissions receivable (Revenue should exclude taxes on goods and services, but should include commissions receivable.) comit ad hoc/comisin ad hoc: ad hoc committee (The ad hoc committee will meet next week.) comit de crdito: credit committee (approved in credit committee) Comit de Supervisin Bancaria de Basilea: Basel Committee on Banking Supervisin (the consultative paper issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, A New Capital Adequacy Framework) Comit Ejecutivo del Consejo de Ministros: Executive Committee of the Council of Ministers (In 2005, the Executive Committee of the Council of Ministers adopted Agreement 5517) Comits de Defensa de la Revolucin: Committees for the Defense of the Revolution como consecuencia de: as a result of (We couldn't afford to borrow money for a house as a result of the rise in interest rates.) como en aos anteriores: as in years past (As in years past, the Bank will continue to fully assume its social responsibility, ) como en otras partes: as elsewhere (in Canada as elsewhere) como iba diciendo: as I was saying como los/como las: as those (Loans to eligible officers are granted under the same conditions as those applicable to loans granted to any other employee of the Bank.) como parte de: as part of (These factors must, however, be considered as part of the strategy.) como porcentaje de: as a percentage of (The second, backed by a group of Member States, consists in cuts to the budget as a percentage of GDP.); as a % of (Federal Debt as a % of) / (Preterm Births as a % of Births) como promedio: on average (On average (= usually), a person's income is highest when they are in their mid-50s.) como que: inasmuch as (Inasmuch as funding is not available, building plans have been delayed.) como resultado de: as a result of (Seven years of strong economic growth ended at the beginning of 2001, as a result of weaker domestic demand.) como si: as if (As if I didn't have enough problems.) como ltimo recurso: as a last resort (A lender of last resort is an institution which is willing to offer loans as a last resort .) como un todo: as a whole (The situation has to be seen as a whole.) comparabilidad: comparability (the accounting methods and financial reporting shall reflect economic reality, shall be transparent and shall respect the qualitative characteristics of understandability, relevance, reliability and comparability.) comparado con el ao anterior: compared to the previous year (the retail sales decreased by 4% in 2010 compared to the previous year) comparar con: contrast with (551 homes sold, an increase of 36% contrasted with the previous year when 404 homes were sold.); compare to (However, that initiative is a drop in the ocean compared to what is needed.) compartir: share ( since both starting models share many characteristics of the Soviet-style system.) compatibilizar: reconcile (reconcile the right to inform with respect for peoples privacy) compensacin bancaria: banking clearing (Therefore its main purpose is to host the range line of BKLINK's banking clearing products ) compensar: compensate (Public services partly compensate for the impact of taxes,); offset (The extra cost of commuting to work from the suburbs is offset by cheaper rents.) competer a: concern (This is an issue that should concern everyone.) competitive: competitivo (To be a sound, profitable and competitive regional financial group a leader in its field, with a clear customer orientation. compilar: compile (You can compile competitive information about various products and suppliers ...) complacerse: be pleased to (I am pleased to report that sales have increased by 15%.) complejo agroindustrial: agroindustrial complex (By means of a cooperation accord signed by China and Venezuela, there will begin the construction of an agroindustrial complex to produce ...); agro-industrial complex

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completo: absolute (There is absolute agreement between the parties.) complicaciones monetarias y financieras: monetary and financial complications componer: comprise (Cooperatives are based on the free association of the workers who comprise it.) comportamiento: performance (the performance of the euro against the dollar) comportarse: behave (The judge will instruct the jury on how it is to behave.) compra de ttulos de inversin: purchase of investment securities (The facility is for the borrower's general business purposes, including the purchase of investment securities in the ordinary course of borrower's business.) compra y venta de divisas: purchase and sale of foreign currency (The international currency market is a set of transactions of purchase and sale of foreign currency, and the provision of loans under certain ... comprender: comprise (We have audited the accompanying financial statements of the European Court of Auditors, which comprise the balance sheet as at 31 December 2008,) comprensibilidad: understandability ( the accounting methods and financial reporting shall reflect economic reality, shall be transparent and shall respect the qualitative characteristics of understandability, relevance, reliability and comparability.) comprobar: ascertain (We have a duty to ascertain whether abuse and torture have been committed.) comprometer: commit (We are committed to the principles of corporate social responsibility.) comprometerse a: undertake to (I undertook to help him learn English.) comprometerse en/dedicarse a/participar en: engage in (A covenant is a solemn agreement to engage in or refrain from a specified action.) compromiso: commitment (Try the product for two weeks with no commitment to buy.); engagement (On behalf of the executive management team, I wish to acknowledge their high level of engagement and thank them for their hard work and contribution to the Banks success.) compuesto de: composed of (It is composed of 24 Directors, who are appointed or elected ...); made up of (The Board is assisted by three committees made up entirely of independent members: the Audit and Risk Management Committee, the Conduct Review and Corporate Governance Committee, and the Human Resources Committee.) computadoras conectadas a Internet (anfitriones Internet): Internet hosts (Internet hosts can generally be divided into server and client computers which generally communicate in the client-server model.) Comunidad Econmica Europea: European Economic Community con antelacin: beforehand (She had phoned beforehand to let me know she was coming.) con apego a: in accordance with (We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards.) con arreglo a: pursuant to (These forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbour provisions of Canadian and U.S. securities legislation.); in accordance with (We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards.) con domicilio legal en: with legal domicile in (All individuals and legal entities with legal domicile in Bages district ); with legal domicile at (The Politecnico di Mitano with legal domicile at piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, ) con el objetivo/fin de: with the aim of (Canada recently launched an informal thematic series with the aim of bringing together all the major actors in peacekeeping) / with the purpose of (with the purpose of facilitating and making the access to information more efficient.) con el paso del tiempo: as time goes by (This figure will grow as time goes by.) con el propsito de: with the aim of (Cooperative members associate with the aim of producing goods or providing services that are useful to society, ); in order to (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) con el que/con la que/con lo cual: wherewith con el transcurso del tiempo: as time goes by (the Security Council cannot remain silent and hope that the situation will change as time goes by.) con ese trasfondo: against that background (Against that background, it is, if anything, absurd to attend today's debate.) con facilidad: easily (Send text messages cheaply and easily with goober.) con gran determinacin: single-mindedly (She single-mindedly pursued her goal of earning a law degree.) con imparcialidad: fairly (In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Bank as at October 31, 2010.)

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con la mayor brevedad posible: at your earliest convenience con la mayor prontitud/con toda prontitud: speedily (The error can be speedily corrected.) con lo cual/despus de lo cual: whereupon con miras al futuro: forward-looking (These forward-looking statements reflect the current expectations or beliefs of the company based on information currently ) Forward- looking describes someone or something with an eye to the future and a focus on what is coming. con miras al futuro: forward-looking (From time to time, National Bank of Canada makes written and oral forward-looking statements, such as those contained in the Major Economic Trends and the Outlook for National Bank sections in this Annual Report,) con objeto de: in order to (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) con posterioridad: subsequently (He was made a partner, but he subsequently retired.) con que: with which (I congratulate him on the skill with which he has negotiated the eight compromise amendments...) con relacin a/ en relacin a/ en relacin con: in relation to (Interested circles have expressed concerns in relation to these issues.) ( in (or) with regard to (I am calling in/with regard to (= in relation to) your recent inquiry.); vis--vis (Our role as a Parliament is accountability vis--vis the citizens.) / (On that basis, we would recommend a stimulating trade policy vis--vis Hong Kong.); in respect of ( a schedule of anticipated yearly expenditures in respect of the programme of activities for the immediate five-year period.); compared to (an increase of 3% compared to the previous year); compare with (The amplification of sound and the reproduction of radio-broadcast signals are considered to be secondary functions compared with the video reproduction function.); in connection with (We want measures in connection with the private equity funds and hedge funds now.); concerning (If you have any information concerning the incident, please contact the police.) con respecto a: in (or) with regard to (I am calling in/with regard to (= in relation to) your recent inquiry.); vis--vis (On that basis, we would recommend a stimulating trade policy vis--vis Hong Kong.); with respect to (No patent liability is assumed, however, with respect to the use of the information contained herein.); regarding (The first is the Middle East question regarding financial support.); concerning (There are a number of caveats concerning the network gain.) con tal (de) que: provided (that); (You may come provided it is early.); as long as con vencimiento inferior a tres meses: with maturity of less than three months (All highly liquid investments with maturity of less than three months at the date of purchase are considered to be cash equivalents) con vistas a: with a view to (These investment companies in turn invest in operating companies with a view to reselling these investments) conceder: grant (The Bank grants loans to its directors and officers under various conditions.) concentrar la atencin en: focus the attention on (This edition will focus the attention on the Medical Applications of Biotechnology.) conceptuar: deem (When a loan is deemed impaired, interest ceases to be recorded and the carrying value of the loan is reduced to its estimated realizable amount ...) concerniente a: concerning (Details about other exposures are provided in the table concerning special purpose entities on the following page.); relating to (The general allowance for credit losses covers all credit risks, including those relating to letters of guarantee.) concernir: concern (This is an issue that should concern everyone.) concesin: allowance (The Commission adopted a Regulation which provides for a compensatory allowance to be granted if the Commission finds that ) concesionario: licensee (In such a case, each licensee shall solely represent the party with whom the licensee has an agency relationship, ) conciliacin de cuentas: account reconciliation (Account reconciliation is simplified as your payroll funds are withdrawn in one lump sum ) conciliacin: reconciliation (Reconciliation of purchase value of fixed tangible assets.) concisin: succintness (Lenin put it with characteristic succintness ) conciso: succint (His answer was succint: Hanging on.) concretar: firm up ('Come back after lunch and we'll firm it up'= "Vuelve despus del almuerzo y lo concretaremos") / (That is why I consider the time is now ripe to firm up on these proposals.); nail down (The six essential planning guidelines are: identify the project, nail down the details, determine conversion methodology, develop a realistic conversion schedule, determine who is going to do your conversion, and tie the pieces together.) condicin precedente: condition precedent (In contract law, a condition precedent is an event which must occur, unless its non-

35

occurrence is excused, before performance under a contract becomes due, i.e., before any contractual duty arises.) condiciones del mercado: market conditions (The estimated fair value reflects market conditions on a given date and, consequently, may not be indicative of future fair value.) condiciones econmicas imperantes: economic environment (Our results undoubtedly benefited from a favourable economic environment) condiciones econmicas y financieras globales: world economic and financial conditions (In addition, concerns about world economic and financial conditions have cast a shadow over the future demand for soybeans.) condiciones macroeconmicas: macroeconomic conditions (That was accompanied by a gradual worsening of macroeconomic conditions.) conducir: conduct (we conducted our audits) conductor: driver (the main driver of our strong performance during the year) confeccionado para: tailored to (Provide our customers superior financial solutions tailored to meet their needs.) confidencialidad: confidentiality (Confidentiality shall be preserved until this period expires.) confirmar ser: prove to be (The new safety procedures have so far proven to be satisfactory.) confirmar: prove (The exception proves the rule.) conforme a las disposiciones legales: pursuant to legal provisions (Pursuant to legal provisions on investment, construction and bidding; ) conforme a las disposiciones: according to the provisions of (Imposition, amendment, cancellation or exemption shall take place according to the provisions of the Law.) conforme a/en conformidad con: in compliance with (Decision-making authority is determined in compliance with the delegation of authority set out in the Credit Risk Management Policy.); compliant with (conforming to requirements) ( are treated in a manner that is fully compliant with international standards.) conforme a: in line with (wages havent risen in line with inflation); pursuant to (Pursuant to legal provisions on investment, construction and bidding; ) conforme al mismo/conforme a la misma: pursuant thereto (the provisions of this Directive and implementing measures adopted pursuant thereto) confrontar: face (the similarities between the problems that Cuba is facing today in relation to those faced by Vietnam since 1986 ) congelacion de precios: freezing of prices (The government's freezing of prices of items such as fish, tea, coffee and some fruits and vegetables, sausages and cheese is seen by analysts ...) congelamiento de los salarios nominales: freeze on nominal wages (Among the main factors contribuiting to the stability of prices were the freeze on nominal wages ...) congelar cuentas bancarias en divisas: freeze foreign currency bank accounts (Cuban banks were forced to freeze foreign currency bank accounts from foreign investors and suppliers.) conjuntamente con: in partnership with (Much of our business is done in partnership with other financial institutions.) conjunto de clientes: set of customers (Information about product preferences allows you to offer complimentary products or give specials on items of interest to a specific set of customers.) conjunto: set (She has a strange set of symptoms.) conllevar: involve (The operation involves inserting a small tube into the heart.); entail (I mentioned that a failure to reach an agreement would entail real and significant risks.); carry (Nevertheless, an evaluation of the effectiveness of past policies may carry important lessons for the future.) conminar: bind over (they bound him over to keep the peace) = lo obligaron por ley a mantener el orden pblico conocer al cliente/conocimiento del cliente/conozca a su cliente: know your customer (KYC) (A key part of the 'know your customer' review process is to establish the source of funds being placed.) / (Please describe any "due diligence" or "know your customer" requirements.) / (Liberian banks are required to submit suspicious transaction reports to the Central Bank pursuant to the "know your customer" banking regulations.) conocimiento prctico: know-how (Marlo has the know-how to fix your computer.) / (financial know-how) / (technical know-how) conocimientos de: a background in (With a background in art and architecture, Martha Baker has transformed ) conocimientos previos: background knowledge (This serves as background knowledge before the students attempt to read in the foreign language.) consagrado por la Constitucin: enshrined in the Constitution (This principle is enshrined in the Constitution.)

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consagrado por la ley/consagrado en la ley: enshrined in law (Is there a right to access to information enshrined in law or in the constitution?) consagrado por la Constitucin/consagrado en la Constitucin: enshrined in the Constitution (These are some of the main achievements enshrined in the Constitution.) consciente: aware (We are perfectly aware of the difficulties of the project.) consecucin: attainment (... focused on securing additional resources to speed up their attainment.); achievement (The achievement of these objectives will contribute to an actual sustainable development.) consecuencia: consequence (If an EU armed force is established, the logical consequence would be the creation of an EU intelligence service as well.); aftereffect; impact ( the economy had to deal with consecutive impacts of negative external shocks.) consecuencias de la recesin: effects of the recession (This year the report focuses on the issue of housing and the possible effects of the recession.) consecuentemente: consequently (Consequently, all the following factors are considered in determining the useful life of an asset.); thereby (Risk that the Banks operations or practices will be judged negatively by the public, whether that judgment is with or without basis, thereby adversely affecting the perception, image or trademarks of the Bank, consecutivo: in a row (They've won six games in a row.) conseguir ir/lograr ir: make it (do you think he'll make it to university?) / (I couldnt make it to the party.) conseguir: attain (In this way we can attain the ground rules that our people want.); achieve (surpassed the record performance achieved in the previous year.), deliver (During fiscal 2010, National Bank once again delivered solid financial results) Consejo de Administracin: governing body (The governing body may appoint subcommittees as it may deem necessary.) Consejo de Direccin: Board of Directors (In its decision the Chamber requested the Board of Directors of the Trust Fund to submit particulars of its intended activities in the Central African Republic.) Consejo Monetario Regional: Regional Monetary Council (According to Carlos de la Torre, Delegate of the President of the SUCRE's Regional Monetary Council, the system is designed to avoid ...) Conservacin de la Vida Marina: Marine Life Conservation considerar conveniente: believe advisable (Taking into consideration above mentioned, we believe advisable to suggest: ) considerar: regard (Laura is highly regarded by her colleagues.); deem (When a loan is deemed impaired, interest ceases to be recorded ); weigh (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) consiguientemente: thereby (Risk that the Banks operations or practices will be judged negatively by the public, whether that judgment is with or without basis, thereby adversely affecting the perception, image or trademarks of the Bank, ) consolidacin: consolidation (Debt consolidation, the process of combining two or more loans into one big loan ) / (Intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated upon consolidation.) consolidar (cuentas): consolidate (Consolidate is to combine the assets, liabilities and other financial items of two or more entities into one.) consolidar (posicin financiera): strengthen (The One client, one bank initiative is designed to strengthen the Banks positioning in this important market segment ) constante: ongoing (However, there are ongoing concerns regarding political interference in the media.); unwavering (Our committment to excellence is unwavering, and so we continue to innovate, ); continued (it was generally in the form of low productivity and low income employment and cannot be a major source of continued growth.) constar de: consist of (This team consists of a group of individuals that meet regularly and possess the technical skills necessary); comprise (the committee comprises 20 members) constar en acta: be in the minutes (This new proposal would be in the minutes of the meeting at which it was announced so that people who were not at that meeting could see it ...); appear in the minutes (The positions taken by the members will appear in the minutes transmitted to the Commission.) / (President, those were the remarks I made yesterday and they do not appear in the Minutes.); have been minuted (All the meetings of the ALERC board of directors have been minuted by the company secretary ) constituido mediante: created by (the National Intelligence System, created by presidential decree on July 21, 1992); set up by (The Tunisian Economic and Social Council was set up by decree law in 1961.); set up by means of (any types of permanent establishments which are set up by means of a public deed.); created by means of (This decentralized governmental entity was created by means of Decree Law No. 144 of June 2, 1970.); created under ( the National Register of Disappeared Persons, which was created under Act No. 589 of 2000.); constituted by (The scheme relies on a fund constituted by monthly contributions); established by (A significant number of ombudsmen for children have been established by legislation introduced specifically for that purpose,)

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construccin de casas/construccin de viviendas: housebuilding (Inevitably in a downturn, housebuilding is going to decline considerably.) consumibles: consumables (Consumables are short-term replaceable/disposable parts of the equipment, such as ) consumidor: consumer (Ensuring the network's neutrality, in order to improve consumer choice.) consumo: consumer ( a rising consumer base) contabilidad de devengo: accrual basis accounting (Some groups thus introduced cash basis accounting and others accrual basis accounting.) contabilidad: accounting (A reform of accounting will be launched as a matter of urgency.) / (The internal auditor continually reviews the accounting and control systems.) contabilizado: posted (Economic growth in China remained robust at 9%, virtually unchanged from the 9.1% posted in the previous year) / (These results were up 11% and 12%, respectively, compared to the record numbers posted in the previous year.) / (The status column tells you which payments have already been posted.) / accounted for contabilizar: post (You can simulate a document before you actually post it.) / (After a goods receipt for consignment material has been posted, the consignment stock of the material increases.); account for (These investments are accounted for at cost when the fair value cannot be reliably measured.); record (Forex differences are recorded in the profit and loss account.) contable: accounting (changes in the accounting policies and methods the Bank uses to report its financial condition) / (achieving fiscal discipline and accurate accounting procedures) contadsimos/contadsimas: few and far between (Sunny, warm weekends have been few and far between this summer (= there have not been many). contaminacin atmosfrica: air pollution (Air pollution severely damages human health and the environment, causing ) Contaminacin por los Buques: Ship Pollution contar con: rely on (Loan portfolio managers rely on an array of methods to conduct a particularly rigorous follow-up on problem loans.) contemplar: cover (no law covers a situation like this) contener/retener: hold (How long can you hold your breath? contener/tener capacidad/cabida para: hold (Modern computers can hold (= store) huge amounts of information.) contexto financiero y econmico: economic and financial environment (The economic and financial environment still favors very low interest rates.) contexto macroeconmico: macroeconomic context (First, trends in the macroeconomic context of investment between 1980 and 1994 are examined, ); macroeconomic environment (Maintaining a stable and sustainable macroeconomic environment is one of the Treasury's three outcomes.) contingencies y otras obligaciones: contingencies and other obligations (The contingencies and other obligations shown below are nominal values.) contnua/contnuo: ongoing (This is an ongoing preoccupation for the Board.) continuacin: continuation (Right to family reunification (continuation)) continuar apoyndose: continue to be supported (As in the past several quarters, Thailand's economic growth continues to be supported by strong domestic demand ) continuar aumentando: continue to increase (The largest twenty-five domestically chartered commercial banks in the United States continue to increase lending to businesses) continuar como: remain (Tight cost management also contributed to our results and remains a strategic priority.) continuar creciendo: continue to grow (It is therefore certain that this group will continue to grow.) continuar mejorando: continue to improve (China's deputy commerce minister said on Wednesday that the country will continue to improve its regulations ...) continuar planteando: continue to raise (The Union will continue to raise these issues in its contacts with Iran.) continuar reduciendo: continue to reduce (The Commission will also continue to reduce unnecessary administrative burdens by promoting the use of information and communication technologies.) continuar saludable: continue to be healthy (Business and profitability continued to be healthy for over 20 years ) continuar siendo: remain (Tight cost management also contributed to our results and remains a strategic priority.) continuar: to be continued (Hearing for CIA protesters to be continued tomorrow.)

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contra el lavado de dinero/contra el blanqueo de dinero: anti-money laundering (AML) (A few Directors called for the strengthening of the anti-money laundering regime.) contra la financiacin del terrorismo: anti-terrorist financing (ATF) (Payment institutions should also be made subject to effective antimoney laundering and anti-terrorist financing requirements.) contra todo pronstico: against the odds (Against the odds, our dedicated staff have delivered much more each year ) contraccin/bajn: downturn (In that time we have seen a major economic downturn.) contraer: incur (debt) (certain procedure must be followed, The Ministry of Finance must issue a permission to incur debt); undertake (obligation) (The Executive Secretary is authorized to undertake obligations and make expenditures for the purposes for which the appropriations were made up ...) contralor/contralora: comptroller (In the US, the SOA orders the Comptroller General of the US to conduct a study); controller (Perkins was promoted to corporate controller.) Contralora General de la Repblica de Cuba: General Comptroller of the Republic of Cuba contralor/contralora: comptroller (In the US, the SOA orders the Comptroller General of the US to conduct a study) Contralora General de la Repblica de Cuba: General Comptrollers Office of the Republic of Cuba contraparte: counterparty (the credit risk represented by the borrower or counterparty must be accurately assessed) contrarrestar: offset (Grupo Financiero Improsa directed its efforts for most of 2009 to offsetting any risks or threats posed by the crisis.) contrastar con/comparar con: contrast with (This contrasted with the previous year in which no cases were seen.) contrato a futuro/contrato a trmino: forward contract (Forward contracts are included within other liabilities at fair value, being the difference between book value at the transaction date and market value at the end of the year.) / (In finance, a forward contract or simply a forward is a non-standardized contract between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a specified future time at a price agreed today.) contrato de bono/convenio de bono/pacto de bono: bond covenant (Bond Covenant is a legally binding term of an agreement between a bond issuer and a bond holder. Bond covenants are designed to protect the interests of both parties. Negative or restrictive covenants forbid the issuer from undertaking certain activities; positive or affirmative covenants require the issuer to meet specific requirements.0 contrato de compraventa: contract of sale and purchase (A contract of sale and purchase of shares shall be formed between an intending vendor and an intending purchaser ) contrato de financiamiento: funding contract (The Genesee County Human Service Committee recommended approval Monday of a funding contract with the Business Education Alliance.); financing contract (KOMIPO revealed that it signed the financing contract for Wampu Hydro Power Plant in Indonesia' with Korea Eximbank on Feb. 23 in Jakarta, Indonesia.) contrato escrito/contrato por escrito: written contract (you should always have written contracts for all your business relationships.) contrato marco: framework contract (A framework contract is an agreement with suppliers, which establishes the terms governing contracts which are awarded during a given period, in particular price and quantity.) contrato principal/contrato anfitrin: host contract (The Company identifies embedded derivatives that should be segregated from the host contract for purposes of valuation and recognition.); principle contract ( a contract on genetic resources and traditional knowledge drawn up with indigenous peoples had to be annexed to the principle contract on genetic resources; otherwise, the principle contract could be declared null and void.) contrato: contract (A contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties.) contravalor: countervalue (Calculation of this countervalue shall be based on the average daily value of those currencies, expressed in euro, ) contribucin: help (With the Banks help, we successfully added highly strategic assets and increased our presence in the Canadian food distribution market.) contribuir a: help bring about (The EU budget must primarily be used to create full employment in Europe and to help bring about sustainable social, economic and environmental development.); help to bring about (Legal protection of individual rights is clearly important, and high-profile cases may help to bring about social and cultural change over time.) contribuir con: contribute (Tourism contributes millions of dollars to the region's economy.) contribuyente: contributor (The European Union is still the main contributor of funds to the executive board.); taxpayer (Such a situation adds burdens to the taxpayer who has to deal with two administrations instead of a single one, ); tax payer (The consumer becomes a tax payer simply by making a purchase, even if it is just a loaf of bread.) control de la natalidad: birth control (Birth control is an umbrella term for several techniques and methods used to prevent fertilization or to interrupt pregnancy at various stages.)

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control interno: internal control (In accounting and auditing, internal control is defined as a process effected by an organization's structure,) controlador: controller (The auditor or controller must obtain evidence that the work of the other has been undertaken ...) convencional: standard (These transactions are concluded in accordance with standard terms and conditions for such transactions.) Convenio de Pagos y Crditos Recprocos: Agreement on Reciprocal Payments and Credits (The Associao Latino-Americana de Integrao's (ALADI's) Agreement on Reciprocal Payments and Credits facilitated financial cooperation to settle trade transactions.) convenio colectivo: collective agreement (The company has a collective agreement with its workers, just as Swedish employers have with theirs.) convenio: accord (The accord establishes mutual responsibilities for the designation of foreign officers as well as greater support in activities such as Travel Events and Fairs ) conversin de monedas: foreign currency translation (as a result of foreign currency translation adjustments); currency conversion (One of the cooperating companies claimed an allowance for currency conversion based on an alleged difference in exchange rates between the sales order and the actual invoice date.) convertibilidad: convertibility (Full exchange rate convertibility was achieved in 1998 with the creation of the Currency Board.) convertir en efectivo: encash (To date, 87 percent or $433.2 million of the total subscription has been encashed.) convertirse en: turn into (He recalled that the Committee should not turn into a negotiating body.) conviccin: assurance (to obtain reasonable assurance) convocar: convene (The secretariat offered to convene a meeting between the two States if they so wished.); call (It will be Judge Joan Lenard who will call a hearing to issue the next decision.); summon (Parliament has been able to launch ideas and summon the European spirit.) Cooperacin Econmica Asia Pacfico: Asia Pacific Economic Co-operation cooperativa: cooperative (Transformation of the agricultural sector, which has had land distribution in usufruct to private citizens and cooperatives as its main action.) Cooperativas de Crditos y Servicios: Cooperatives of Credits and Services (The UBPCs, the Agricultural Production Cooperatives (CPAs), and the Cooperatives of Credit and Services (CCSs) accounted for 83.6 percent of the total ...) cooperativas de primer grado: first grade cooperatives (Acopaex joins together fifteen first grade cooperatives which are mainly situated in the province of Badajoz.) / (First-grade cooperatives are created as a socialist form of collective property in different sectors, constituting an economic organisation that is a legal entity with its own property.) Cooperativas de produccin: production cooperatives (Production cooperatives are those where partners collectively produce goods and / or services.) Cooperativas de consumidores: Consumer cooperatives (Sales have risen considerably, however, since consumer cooperatives and other private retailers began selling fair trade products.) Cooperativas de consumo: Consumer cooperatives (Consumer cooperatives are those in which their associates collectively obtain goods or services.) Cooperativas de Crditos y Servicios (CCS): Credit and Service Cooperatives (CCSs) (Credit and Service Cooperatives (CCSs, Cooperativas de Crditos y Servicios) in which farmers maintain their individual farm properties but associate with others for mutual benefit and in order to receive services, technical assistance and materials supplied by the State.) cooperativas de base/cooperativas de primer grado: primary cooperatives (Members of primary cooperatives shall have equal voting rights on a one-member-one-vote principle.) Cooperativas de Produccin Agropecuaria (CPA): Agricultural Production Cooperatives (The sector outside the state includes: workers employed in joint ventures, cooperative workers employed in the agricultural sector, which includes the members of Agricultural Production Cooperatives (CPA) and the Basic Units of Cooperative Production (UBPC), as well as independent farmers.) cooperativas de segundo grado: second degree cooperatives (Our goal is to analyze the peculiarities of second degree cooperatives like a way of cooperation among cooperatives.) cooperativas de tercer grado: third degree cooperatives (In Venezuela, the third degree cooperatives make up the National Confederation of Cooperatives (CONACOVEN) that brings together the Federation of Cooperatives and National Cooperative Central de Venezuela (CECONAVE) formed by the Central Regional Cooperative.)

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cooperativas no-agrcolas: non-agricultural cooperatives (The new financial regulations apply equally to the forthcoming non-agricultural cooperatives and other non-state entities that may be allowed in the future.) cooperativas urbanas (de la ciudad): urban cooperatives (there is a clear intention to establish urban cooperatives in many small-scale production and service entities) cooperativistas: cooperativists (Discuss the characteristics of successful cooperativists, and the role cooperativists perform in our economic system.) Corporacin Andina de Fomento: Andean Development Corporation corredor (de bolsa, de valores): broker; dealer (For the Partnership business, a total of 25 new distribution agreements were signed with various brokers/dealers, ...) corredor de cambio: currency dealer (Financial analyst, then currency dealer at Socit Gnrale, Australia and New York.) corredor de divisas: currency trader (The currency market is a fascinating exciting world for the currency trader.) correr a cargo de: be chargeable to (any costs incurred are chargeable to the customer) correr riesgos: take risks (One expert noted that being an entrepreneur was not about taking risks, but rather involved managing risks.) corresponde a: it is up to (The Council considers that it is up to competent authorities to decide) corresponder con: correspond with (Other dates and deadlines should correspond with this basic date.) correspondiente a: corresponding to ( and must be based on the analysis of the payments corresponding to each regulation.); for (together with the rest of complementary notes for the annual accounting year ended at that date) correspondiente: corresponding (Income was up compared to the corresponding (= similar) period last year. corresponsal extranjero: foreign correspondent (With our extensive foreign correspondent bank network, outbound funds transfers can be executed to foreign beneficiaries worldwide.) corresponsala: correspondent (Member States shall prohibit credit institutions from entering into or continuing a correspondent banking relationship with a shell bank) corretaje de valores: securities brokerage (Nikko: financial services including retail and wholesale securities brokerage, investment banking, asset management and fund administration, ) corridas bancarias: bank runs (That situation, though there are no bank runs, can transform liquidity problems into solvency problems,) corrupcin: corruption (If we really want to fight corruption, like President Raul Castro said, then we must first expose those who are corrupt no matter who they are.) corte manual de caa: manual sugarcane cutting (The wages and workers rights for those employed in manual sugar cane cutting are regulated under Brazil law.) coste de los recursos onerosos: cost of interest-bearing liabilities (The spread, the differential between the rate of yield on earning assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, improved in the first nine months to 4.12%...) costo de capital promedio ponderado (CCPP): weighted average cost of capital (WACC) (If the organization has access to an expert in valuation they can estimate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), but this is too technical for the vast majority of non-specialists.) costo medioambiental real: real environmental cost (...price of goods must reflect their real environmental cost.) costo salarial: expenditure on salaries (The rapid growth of expenditure on salaries, allowances and pensions in the last three years are the consequences of implementation of the ... ); expenditures on salaries (plural) (In Ontario, expenditures on salaries increased by 9 per cent over the entire ...) costos operacionales/costos operativos: operational costs (Their operational costs will shrink.) cota: height (No effort is spared as we constantly strive to reach new heights, ) / (Stock prices reached new heights yesterday.) cotejar: compare (This is essential to be able to compare and benchmark.) collate (The aim is to collate and widely disseminate information on prevention measures that have been proven to be successful ) cotidiano: day-to-day (Your day-to-day (= ordinary and regular) responsibilities will include sorting the mail and making appointments.) cotizacin: quotation (He called back to say the price quotations were "not accurate.") cotizar: quote (Since quoted market prices are not available for retained interests, the Bank estimates the initial and future fair value using primarily the present value of estimated cash flows. coyuntura actual: present juncture (At the present juncture, ) coyuntura econmica: economic situation (taking into account the current worldwide economic situation and the high volatility of the markets,); economic conditions (Since the beginning of 2009, the global economic conditions have changed

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significantly in the sugar sector.); economic conjuncture (We all agree that the current economic conjuncture is good.); economic juncture (the current economic juncture with strong inflationary pressures is reducing the room for manoeuvre) coyuntura poltica: political situation (the presence of this debate has been a constant, albeit with highs and lows dictated by the political situation); political conjucture (the use of specific protest tactics, then, have to take into account the specific nature of the political conjuncture.); political juncture (We are at a very important political juncture for Europe, perhaps even a turning point.) coyuntura social: social situation (The current economic and social situation implies the need of a higher qualification and international rotation for the new generations of young professionals.); social conjuncture (the presence of a favourable political and social conjuncture; social juncture (influenced by the special attention given to Africa in the present difficult political, economic and social juncture.) coyuntura: juncture (Pragmatism is what serves people better at this juncture.); conjuncture (The global conjuncture or, to use a more precise term, the global correlation of forces after Seattle and Porto Alegre is quite different from that in the mid1990s.); situation (I was in a situation where I didn't have cash handy.) crear: generate (The new construction project will generate 500 new jobs.); create (The new hotel is expected to create 200 jobs.) crecer en: grow by (The economy is expected to grow by 2% next year.) creciente: growing (There is a growing awareness of the seriousness of this disease.); increasing (There is increasing pressure on financial institutions to provide products and services at lower prices); to continue raising crecimiento basado en las exportaciones: export-led growth (Rapidly developing economies in Asia reliant on export-led growth have been impacted by falling exports.) crecimiento econmico: economic growth (In terms of economic growth, was achieved a GDP increase of 2.1% (at constant prices),) crecimiento promedio: average growth (Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is an average growth rate over a period of several years) crdito comercial: trade credit (Another possibility is to use those funds to help developing countries finance guarantees for trade credit ) crdito disponible: available credit (The terms and conditions of this backstop liquidity facility do not require the Bank to advance money to the conduit if the conduit is insolvent or involved in bankruptcy proceedings or to fund non-performing assets beyond the amount of the available credit enhancement.) crdito documentario a la vista: documentary credit payable at sight (A documentary credit payable at sight provides the exporter with payment immediately as the documents specified in the terms and conditions of the documentary credit are presented by the exporter during the validity of the documentary credit.) crdito documentario a tiempo: time documentary credit (A time documentary credit includes an agreed term of payment: for example, 90 days after the date of shipment.) crdito documentario confirmado: confirmed documentary credit (A confirmed documentary credit is an irrevocable commitment of both the issuing and the confirming bank.) / (The Employer shall instruct its bank to issue an irrevocable confirmed documentary credit made available to the Contractor in a bank in the country of the Contractor.) crdito documentario irrevocable: (An irrevocable documentary credit is the issuing bank's commitment to pay the beneficiary against documents specified in the terms and conditions of the documentary credit.) / (The Buyer must arrange for an irrevocable documentary credit in favour of the Seller to be issued by a reputable bank, ) crdito documentario no confirmado: unconfirmed documentary credit (An unconfirmed documentary credit is the issuing bank's irrevocable commitment to pay the exporter.) / (An unconfirmed documentary credit will be communicated (advised) to the seller through a bank most likely located in the seller's country, ) crdito documentario transferible: transferable documentary credit (A transferable documentary credit can be fully or partially transferred to a second beneficiary, such as a subcontractor, at the exporter's request.) / (Customer (transferor) receives a transferable documentary credit and upon customer request, the documentary credit is transferred by us to the second beneficiary (transferee).) crdito documentario: documentary credit (The only way for you to hedge against this risk is to take out an insurance policy or use documentary credit as a means of payment.) / (A documentary credit is abbreviated as D/C and may also be called a letter of credit (L/C).) crdito formal: formal credit (The program provides an innovative way to increase the access of private companies to formal credit.) / (Since that date, the self-employed, micro businesses and private farmers are able to access formal credit and banking services.) crdito mercantil negativo: negative goodwill (The acquisition of FINSA by BICSA subsequently generated USD 2,242,293 of negative goodwill.)

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crdito mercantil: goodwill (Goodwill represents the amount by which the price paid exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired.) crdito respaldado por una aceptacin: acceptance credit (An acceptance credit is a type of letter of credit that is paid by a time draft authorizing payment on or after a specific date, ) crdito sindicado: syndicated loan (Red Elctrica de Espaa has renegotiated the syndicated loan for Euros 700 million over five years,); syndicated credit (syndicated loan: Large loan arranged jointly by two or more financial institutions to share the risk involved. Also called multibank credit or syndicated credit.) crdito: credit (These credit facilities are available for a period of two to three years) crditos con intereses: interest bearing credits (Moreover, the companies take interest bearing credits (taken from the households' savings) for investments.) interest credits (They assume the concession of small low interest credits to a portion of the population that can hardly collateralize them.) crditos sin intereses: non-interest bearing credits (Firms usually receive non-interest-bearing credits from suppliers of materials and services, and customers.); non-interest credits (... the customers make cash payments for their purchase orders, the majority of sales (over 98% in 2008) were made under credit conditions (non-interest credits).) crditos sociales: social credits (The examination included the so-called social credits granted to the population) crditos: appropriations (There has been no increase in appropriations for research and development whatsoever.) cra de animals: animal husbandry cra de ganado/ganadera: stockbreeding crisis alimentaria global: global food crisis (The global food crisis is now of a structural nature.) crisis de la balanza de pagos: balance of payments crisis (The balance of payments crisis in 2008-09 ) crisis de liquidez: liquidity crisis (At the moment the main fears revolve around the liquidity crisis turning into an insolvency crisis.) crisis econmica global: global economic crisis global economic crisis (The global economic crisis has also hit the world's poor, and support for developing countries remains a priority crisis econmica mundial: world economic crisis (Even more, how can we manage all this during the worst world economic crisis in 60 years and continue to actively invest in international markets?) crisis financiera global: global financial crisis(the new capital standards established by the worlds bank regulators in the wake of the recent global financial crisis.) crisis financiera: financial crisis (The term financial crisis is applied broadly to a variety of situations in which some financial institutions or assets suddenly lose a large part of their value.) criterios de poltica monetaria: monetary policy criteria (For this reason, monetary policy criteria that are designed to achieve some desired macroeconomic target) crucial: crucial (Cooperation is now more crucial than ever.); all-important (Friendship with oneself is all-important because without it one cannot be friends with anyone else in the world. by Eleanor Roosevelt.) cualquiera que sea: whatever (Whatever the problem, whatever the cause, whatever the reason, there is no place for violence in our society.) Cuando a Roma fueres, haz lo que vieres.: When in Rome do as the Romans do. Cuando el gato no est los ratones estn de fiesta.: When the cat is away the mice will play. Cuando el ro suena agua lleva.: Theres no smoke without fire. cuando proceda/cuando sea el caso/cuando corresponda: when applicable (In order to save staff time and costs it is also a good idea, when applicable, to recruit volunteers who can help with clerical and administrative tasks.) cuando sea necesario/cuando es necesario: when necessary (The External Auditor takes part when necessary.) Cuando veas las barbas de tu vecino arder, pon las tuyas en remojo: When the next house is on fire, its high time to look to your own. Cuanto antes, mejor.: The sooner, the better. Cuanto mas, mejor: The more the merrier. Cuatro ojos ven mas que uno: Two heads are better tan one. cubrir (reportar): cover (Harold covers sports for the Times.) cubrir/sufragar (gastos): cover (Will $150 cover your expenses?) cuello de botella: bottleneck (Bureaucratic bottlenecks delayed the project's start.) cuenta acreedora: credit account (If you already have an online Volkswagen Credit account, enter your Username and Password and then

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click the Login button.) cuenta bancaria: bank account (A bank account is a financial account recording the financial transactions between the customer and the bank and the resulting financial position of the customer ...) cuenta corresponsal: correspondent account (nostro or vostro account) (A correspondent account is an account (often called a nostro or vostro account) established ...) cuenta corriente: current account (The current account position deteriorated somewhat from previous year.); checking account (The other new financial measure is that banks may open checking accounts in Cuban pesos or convertible pesos for nonstate sector clients.) cuenta de ahorro: savings account (The prize will be deposited in the savings account linked to the winner's card.) cuenta de capital de la balanza de pagos: capital account of the balance of payment (The capital account of the balance of payment of a country deals with the financial transactions.) cuenta de capital: capital account (Financial reforms included liberalization of interest rates and opening up of the capital account.) cuenta de colateral en efectivo: cash collateral account (Cash Collateral Account is a Bank account in the name of a borrower that serves to secure and service a loan.) cuenta de crdito: loan account (There is also no limit on the number of transfers you may make to any loan account(s) with us.) cuenta de depsito: deposit account (Activities affecting a deposit account carried out at the request of the account owner.) cuenta de extranjeros: vostro account= A foreign bank's account with a domestic bank, either in local currency or foreign currency. The domestic bank maintains the account and prepares the statement. Opposite: nostro account. (A nostro or vostro account is a deposit account that a bank holds at a foreign or correspondent bank for the purpose of international payments.) cuenta de garanta bloqueada: escrow account (If such confirmation is obtained, the export is permitted and eligible for payment from the escrow account.) cuenta de garanta en efectivo/cuenta de garanta accesoria: cash collateral account (Cash Collateral Account is a Bank account in the name of a borrower that serves to secure and service a loan.) cuenta de prdidas y ganancias: profit and loss account (Unrealised losses shall be debited to the profit and loss account and such amounts shall be credited to a liability account as other liabilities.) cuenta de plica/cuenta en plica: escrow account (An escrow account can be a convenient and trouble-free manner of ensuring that your insurance and tax payments are made on time.) cuenta de prstamo: loan account (There is also no limit on the number of transfers you may make to any loan account(s) with us.) cuenta de regularizacin: accruals and deferred income (Negative differences are entered under 'charges' in the profit-and-loss account, while positive differences are deferred and entered under 'accruals and deferred income' on the liabilities side.) cuenta de reserva: reserve account The daily reserve holding of an institution is calculated as the end-of-day balance on its reserve account.) cuenta de resultados: profit and loss account (Balance sheets and profit and loss account for the last three financial years, duly up to date and signed.) cuenta de saldo cero/cuenta de balance cero: zero balance account (When your business uses a number of accounts to segregate money, zero balance accounts are the fastest, most cost effective way to monitor your account balances.) cuenta en banco extranjero: nostro account= A banking term to describe an account one bank holds with a bank in a foreign country, usually in the currency of that foreign country. (... term used by a correspondent to describe an account held on behalf of a foreign credit institution; the foreign credit institution would in turn regard this account as its nostro account.); foreign account (Simplify your daily foreign account management to help optimize your cash flow.); external account (You must verify that you own the external account that you are attempting to add.); overseas account (The government assumes that you have other motives for maintaining such an overseas account if you allow yourself to be non-disclosed.) cuenta en descubierto: overdrawn account (an overdrawn account has had more money taken from it than it contained) cuenta en divisas: foreign currency account (It will be paid, on the basis of the annual programme for its use, into a foreign currency account to be specified by the Mozambican Government,) cuenta fiduciaria: trust account (The accounting method for trust account has been modified.) cuenta morosa: delinquent account (WIPO reserves the right to suspend the service to a delinquent account without prior notice.) cuenta presupuestaria: budgetary account (Such acquisitions are charged against budgetary accounts in the year of purchase.) cuenta sobregirada: overdrawn account (an overdrawn account has had more money taken from it than it contained)

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Cuenta nica del Estado: Single State Account (The year 2005 saw the creation of the Single State Account as part of a counter-reform process that included financial centralisation.) cuenta nica: single account (The State started to be funded by the entities directly from a single account) cuenta: account (I have about $800 in my checking account.) cuentacorrentista: current account holder (As a current account holder, you are allowed to use cheques as a way to make payments.) cuentas a cobrar: accounts receivable (Accounts receivable also known as Debtors, is money owed to a business by its clients (customers) and shown on its Balance Sheet as an asset.) cuentas a pagar: accounts payable (Accounts payable is a file or account sub-ledger that records amounts that a person or company owes to suppliers, but has not paid yet (a form of debt), ...) cuentas annimas: anonymous accounts (In no case will obligated persons maintain anonymous accounts nor accounts under fictitious or inexact names.) cuentas de clientes: customer accounts (Bastien will be in charge of our customer accounts from the United States.) cuentas por cobrar: accounts receivable (A general rule is that accounts receivable should not exceed one month's income) cuentas por pagar: accounts payable (Accounts payable is a file or account sub-ledger that records amounts that a person or company owes to suppliers, but has not paid yet (a form of debt), ...) cuentas presupuestarias: budgetary accounts ( it increased in 2000-2001 due to the reclassification of large financial operations previously excluded from budgetary accounts.) cuestionable/discutible: dubious (NATO imposed to the Security Council a dubious resolution) / ("The immigrants," they say, "are taking our jobs" -- a dubious assertion.) cuestionamiento: questioning (The questioning of the autonomous character of BANDEC and Comimport denotes a total lack of knowledge about the legal standards that apply to both institutions.) cuestin de derecho: point of law cuestin de principios: point of principle cuestin de procedimiento: point of order cuestiones actuales: current issues (A detailed presentation of all current issues would exceed the scope of this paper.) cuestiones planteadas: questions raised (The questions raised by these problems are complex.); issues raised (A summary of the main issues raised by the market test is presented in the paragraphs below.) cuidadoso: thoughtful (a thoughtful examination) cuota: share (In most areas of services, small enterprises account for a larger share.) cultivo: crop (Their main crops are corn and wheat.) cultivos de regado: irrigated crops cultivos de secano: dry-farmed crops cultivos varios: diverse crops (Study shows diverse crops in Africa more productive than monocultures.) cumplimiento: fulfillment; accomplishment (Proud as we are of our fiscal 2011 accomplishments, ) cumplir con: comply with (He continued to discharge his duties as administrator of the fund.); meet ( we have determined that the Bank meets the stricter requirements.) cumplir en todos los aspectos: comply in all respects (The website from which you are linking must comply in all respects with the content standards set out in our Acceptable Use Policy.) cumplir lo prometido: deliver (If there is also the political will to deliver, we can find better answers and better situations in the future.) cumplir los requisitos para: be eligible for (You have to be employed six months to be eligible for medical benefits.) cumplir un contrato: honor a contract cumplir: fulfill (She said the president had failed to fulfill his campaign promises.); carry out (The Office of the President carries out its responsibilities as a team, thereby ensuring consistency as well as information and knowledge sharing among the Banks business units.); accomplish (On retiring from the Congress, he said he had accomplished everything he set out to do.) currculo: curriculum; curriculum vitae; rsum cursar invitacin: extent an invitation (We want to extent an invitation to all parents to get involved and support our school.)

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custodia: escrow (Depending on how the escrow contract is structured, Iron Mountain will contact the depositor and, if there is no contention, release the source code to the licensee.) custodio: custodian (In other words, typically, no trustee or custodian is appointed.) cuyo/cuya (de cosa): whose (the matter whose details you know); of which (the matter, the details of which you know) cuyo/cuya (de persona): whose (the woman, whose sister works in Germany) / (the man whose house we saw) ; of whom (this woman, the sister of whom works in Germany) / (the man, the house of whom we saw) (INICIO) D

dado que: since (since the Committee believes that tier 3 capital is only appropriate to meet market risk) daada: impaired (severely impaired) (Lack of sleep impaired her ability to think clearly.) / (Banks have already taken steps to address the problem of impaired assets) daado: impaired (severely impaired) (Lack of sleep impaired her ability to think clearly.) / (Banks have already taken steps to address the problem of impaired assets) dao: impairment (The Bank performs an annual impairment test of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives.) / (No impairment loss was recorded for 2009.) daos y perjuicios: damages (a claim for breach of contract and the resulting damages claim.) dar a conocer: disclose (These commitments are disclosed in Note 28 to the consolidated financial statements.) dar la bienvenida a: welcome (Everyone is agreed on welcoming this initiative, thanks to which 90 000 students every year take up the opportunity to study abroad.) / (We went next door to welcome our new neighbors.) / (We welcome the Government of South Sudan for becoming State member of the United Nations.) dar la palabra/prometer: pledge (Many countries have pledged food and funds to aid the region.) The police pledged to arrest those responsible.) dar licencia: license (She's licensed to teach elementary school.) dar lugar a importantes cambios: bring about important changes (The wars helped to bring about important changes in the British colonies.) dar lugar a: bring about (the mistrust of consumers that, together with a reduction in earnings, brings about the fall in the consumption,) dar origen a: give rise to (give rise to undesirable effects.) dar permiso: license (She's licensed to teach elementary school.) dar por terminado: call off dar seguimiento a: pursue (Pursuing its social vision, Banco Improsa continued with its approach of channeling the funds of major investors into small and medium enterprises with limited financing capacity.) dar/conceder: allow (he allowed us two hours to complete the test) / (the extra income will allow me more freedom) / (He didn't allow enough time to finish the test.) / (we allow a discount for cash) dar/hacer pblico/revelar (noticias): break (Her words reveal the excitement of someone waiting for the right moment to break big news.) / (The newspaper reporters who broke the story won the Pulitzer prize.) datar: date (Throughout this period, the trend of economic recovery, which dates from the end of 1994, was sustained. datos primarios/datos brutos/datos sin procesar: raw data (The raw data shall be presented in tabular form.) / (Why is there no requirement to publish the raw data on which the findings of studies are based?) datos que faltan: missing data (Missing data have been estimated for countries to the extent possible.) datos y cifras: facts and figures (World facts and figures has statistics on every country in the world.) de acuerdo a este documento: hereunder (The rights granted to You hereunder are non-exclusive and revocable.) de acuerdo a: according to (The teacher sorted the exams according to grade, with the A's on top and the F's on the bottom.) de acuerdo con lo estipulado en: as provided for in (as provided for in the treaty) de acuerdo con/de acuerdo a: in accordance with (In accordance with school rules, the teacher asked him to remove his hat when inside the building.); in line with (A new tax system is also to be constructed in line with the introduction of new economic

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actors beyond the state sector. ) de ah: hence (A better working environment improves people's performance, and hence productivity.) de ahora en adelante: from now on (Candidate countries should therefore be involved in the process from now on); hereafter (I will let you in this time, but hereafter you have to get permission in advance.) de alto rendimiento: top-performing (on par with the top-performing Canadian institutions.) de ao en ao: from year to year (Their number varies from year to year, according to inspection priorities.) de antemano (saber, agradecer): in advance (If you're coming to the party, please let me know in advance.) de antemano: beforehand (As in all contractual relationships, proposed amendments have to be notified beforehand.) de aqu a: hence (five years hence) / (The project should be completed by next March, six months hence.) de aqu en adelante: hereinafter; hereafter (I will let you in this time, but hereafter you have to get permission in advance.) de avanzada/de vanguardia: leading-edge (Exploring the practical application of leading-edge thinking) de balance y de fuera de balance: on-balance-sheet and off-balance-sheet (The interest rate gap is constructed by distributing by term the sensitive on-balance-sheet and off-balance-sheet banking book positions and balances.) de cada: out of (eight smokers out of ten) / (she got five out of ten in French) de comn acuerdo: by mutual agreement (I want to say, very frankly, that this has been done by mutual agreement.) de conformidad con el mismo/de conformidad con la misma: pursuant thereto (The Registry shall observe the rules, policies and procedures laid down in this Regulation and adopted by the Commission pursuant thereto.) / pursuant thereto (Commission may decide in the framework of its responsibilities under the Treaty or the directives adopted pursuant thereto, ) de conformidad con: pursuant to (Any copies which You are permitted to make pursuant to this Agreement must contain the same copyright and ); in accordance with (In accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, ) de conjunto: overall (The overall situation is good.); integrated de cuando en cuando: every so often (Every so often, we hit those defining moments where we ask ourselves the all-important questions.); from time to time (Its thrust changes from time to time and is constantly innovating.) de dos dgitos: double-digit (There were 13 countries with double-digit growth in 2003 and 2002) de ese modo: thereby (involve additional work in processing transfers, thereby increasing the cost and processing time.) de eso/de esto/de ello/de la misma/de lo mismo/derivado de ello: therefrom (the annexed documents are true copies of official records or extracts therefrom) de eso/de esto: thereof (If the book is returned more than one day late, undergraduates are fined 20 cents per week or a fraction thereof.); de este modo: thus (Canada has thus recovered from the recession.) de forma general: in a general way (Our stories disclose in a general way what we used to be like, what happened, ...) de forma sostenible: in a sustainable way (This demand must be managed in a sustainable way.) de forma totalmente automatizada: in a fully automated way ( will allow banks to process credit transfers in a fully automated way.) de funcionamiento: operational (The availability report reflects the operational quality of the equipment and the maintenance as a whole.) de gestin: managerial (In addition, it poses a number of managerial problems for heads of office.) de golpe: all at once (It is not intended that changes happen all at once, fracturing the macroeconomic and institutional stability of the country.) de gran importancia: all-important (Every so often, we hit those defining moments where we ask ourselves the all-important questions.) de gran valor y buena calidad: blue-chip (A blue-chip company is renowned for the quality and wide acceptance of its products or services, and for its ability to make money and pay dividends.) / (Even a profitable team like the Cowboys can't keep all their blue-chip players.) de hecho: in fact (In fact, as can be seen, the Vietnamese reform took several years to complete significant transformations of the economic system.) / (He was in fact near death by the time they reached him.) de hoy en da: present-day (The story takes place in present-day (= modern) Greece.) de igual forma: likewise (Likewise, the self-determination of the Cuban people is expressed through the right to defend the nation ...) De la abundancia del corazn habla la boca: What the heart feels the mouth speaks.

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de la igual manera: likewise (Likewise, it places great emphasis on research.) de lo contrario: otherwise (Parts of the company will be sold or otherwise dismantled.) de manera general: as a whole (For 2010 as a whole, the Canadian economy is headed for growth of 3.1%.) de manera general: in a general way (It is also difficult to name accurately in a general way the groups of people who suffer racial discrimination.) de manera que: so (so there is no need for new infrastructure.) ; so that de modo que: so that (so that the Commission obtains reasonable conditions.) de momento: for the time being (So we are forced, for the time being, to put the purchase of buildings on hold.) de organizacin: organizational (organizational structures) de otra clase: otherwise (it may not be transmitted by any means, electronic or otherwise) de otra manera: otherwise (Corruption also misallocates resources that could otherwise be used for provision of public services.) de otro modo: otherwise (It allows for more flexible and less stringent forms of legislation in areas where, otherwise, any detail would have to be determined by the legislative act itself.: de primer orden: blue-chip (A blue-chip company is considered to be a safe investment for your money because it is well-established and has performed well in the past) / (A blue-chip company is renowned for the quality and wide acceptance of its products or services, and for its ability to make money and pay dividends.) de primera lnea: front-line (Our focus in this phase is the simplification of internal processes and the implementation of an advanced sales and service platform that will support front-line employees in forging stronger customer relationships.) de primera mano: firsthand (Firsthand information and impressions I received from that study tour have been vital for this research.) de primera: blue-chip (A blue-chip company is renowned for the quality and wide acceptance of its products or services, and for its ability to make money and pay dividends.) de punta: state-of-the-art (it is the best and most modern of its type); (the application of state-of-the-art technologies); blue-chip (A bluechip company is renowned for the quality and wide acceptance of its products or services, and for its ability to make money and pay dividends.) de principios (persona): principled (She was known among her colleagues as a principled professional.) de que/de lo cual/del cual/de los que: whereof (In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the seal of ) de que: that (to obtain reasonable assurance that the Financial Statements are free of significant errors) de calidad superior/de primera calidad: premium (Premium product, first-rate service and competitive pricing! de primera/de primer nivel/de primer orden/de primera categora: first-rate (Premium product, first-rate service and competitive pricing!) de rentabilidad segura: blue-chip (A blue-chip company is renowned for the quality and wide acceptance of its products or services, and for its ability to make money and pay dividends.) / (blue-chip shares) de repente: all at once (It is not intended that changes happen all at once, fracturing the macroeconomic and institutional stability of the country.) de suma importancia: of vital importance (A stable price for his bananas is of vital importance.); all-important (Every so often, we hit those defining moments where we ask ourselves the all-important questions. What has made us who we are? Why do we ...) de toda la vida/de siempre: lifelong (The only solution is to support education and lifelong learning.) de todas maneras: in any case (In any case, the fact that an agreement has been reached is an achievement in itself.); in any even (In any event, the text of the title is not what matters, but rather the content of the debate.); anyway (Anyway, we always tend to be very demanding ); nevertheless (Nevertheless the whole display will have a worldwide interest and feel.) de todo el mundo: around the world (The response of the governments around the world has also been very good.) de todo el pas: from all over the country (They come from all over the country.) de todos modos: at any rate (But at any rate, the phrase "you work little" cannot be disregarded.) de un vistazo: at a glance (The consumer must be able to see at a glance the certificate of origin.) de una parte, y de la otra parte: of the one part, and of the other part (His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, of the one part, and of the other part their Majesties the Kings of Bavaria and of Wurtemburg ) de una vez por todas: once and for all (They settled the matter once and for all (= completely and finally).

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de vanguardia: leading (European Union seek to play a leading role); state-of-the-art (it is the best and most modern of its type); (This state-of-the-art manufacturing facility uses the latest technology.) de vez en cuando: from time to time (The agreement may well be varied from time to time.); every so often (Every so often, we hit those defining moments where we ask ourselves the all-important questions.) debe sealarse que: note that (Note that series as a whole are not eligible. For instance, an episode in a TV show may be eligible, but the TV show itself is not.) deber: owe (I still owe you for the meal.); owe [be influenced by] (her interpretation of history owes a lot to Marx); must [obligation] (I must say everywhere looks very tidy.); must [supposition] (they must not have known about the change in plans); duty [responsibility] (Nobody likes it, but we have a duty to pay taxes.) debidamente autorizado: duly authorized (and for having cooperated with duly authorized audits or investigations.) debido a: due to (the possible mental and physical degradation due to age.); because of (It will be closed for a month because of the damage caused by the floods.); on account of (She claimed that she was denied admission to the school on account of her race.) / (hundreds of people die each year on account of natural disasters.) dbil crecimiento: weak increase (Emerging economies offset the weak increase in GDP by 2.7% in developed countries.) debilitarse: fade (Its contribution to GDP growth has appeared to be fading.) decidido a: intent on (be intent on doing something) decir: read (the text reads as follows) / (The sign read, "No parking here to corner."); say ( declaracin de bancarrota: declaration of bankruptcy (The process of obtaining a legal declaration of bankruptcy, assuming everything is in order, can take up to six months.) / (Also, for the three years following your declaration of bankruptcy, you'll have a trustee appointed to manage your financial affairs. declaracin de quiebra: declaration of bankruptcy (The process of obtaining a legal declaration of bankruptcy, assuming everything is in order, can take up to six months.) / (Also, for the three years following your declaration of bankruptcy, you'll have a trustee appointed to manage your financial affairs. declaracin de responsabilidad: statement of liability (Statement of Liability: Due to variations inherent in specific applications, the technical information contained herein, ) declararse en quiebra: file for bankcruptcy (Call and speak to a local bankruptcy attorney to see if you qualify to file for bankruptcy.) Decreto-Ley 259: Decree-Law 259 (The process to deliver idle lands, stipulated in the Decree Law 259 of 2008, continues advancing.) dedicarse a: engage in (I want to engage in activities other than those specified on my visa.); pursue (She single-mindedly pursued her goal of earning a law degree.) deducible: allowable (Some laws consider as an allowable expense the part of the gift not used as credit.) defecto: flaw (The main flaw in European integration today is the lack of emphasis on this second pillar.) defensor de la economa de mercado: (a proponent of a free-market economy) free marketeer (George Osborne, the free-marketeer, ridicules the Robin Hood Tax.) deficiencia: lack (German managers say lack of qualified personnel is becoming the biggest challenge for Europes biggest economy.) dficit en la balanza comercial: trade dficit (A trade deficit, which is also referred to as net exports, is an economic condition that occurs when a country is importing more goods than it is exporting.) dficit habitacional: housing shortage (The housing shortage has two aspects: quality and quantity.) dejar (tiempo/espacio): allow (Be sure to allow room in your bags for the souvenirs you'll want to bring home.) / (allow three hours for the journey) dejar en herencia/legar: bequeath (For the first time in a half-century, Cubans will be allowed to buy and sell real estate openly, bequeath property to relatives without restriction ...) del cual/de la cual: of which (The Bank has decided to apply the first option, the impact of which is a $359 million reduction to retained earnings.) del mismo modo: likewise (Likewise, river and maritime transport can also complement each other very well.) del presente: hereof (to the effects hereof) del que/ de la que/de los que/de las que/del cual/de los cuales/de la cual/de las cuales: of which del que/de la que: of which deliberada: willful (willful misrepresentation) deliberado: wilful (The children suffered from their mother's willful neglect.)

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demanda de dinero: demand for money (It can bring about considerable changes in the composition of demand for money and in the measures among the monetary aggregates that are relevant to the control of inflation. demanda del consumidor: consumer demand (Supply-demand imbalances are expected to continue as consumer demand for ethical & ecological products rises.) demanda interna: domestic demand (Growth is being driven by both a strong export performance and the expansion of domestic demand.) demanda: demand (His demand was accepted by the courts ); claim (After the storm, dozens of claims were filed to collect crop insurance.); lawsuit (The notification of the lawsuit is still pending.); suit (The author filed a suit against the City of Prague) demandar: call for (The proposal calls for sweeping changes in public land use.); sue (One of them even tried to sue the city on charges of discrimination.); demand (People are ready to demand change when the opportunity arises.); claim (And Article 34 allows these people to claim social security from their host state.); request (To request an end to the legal harassment of political opponents.); prosecute (In view of the fact that the Belgian courts have now decided not to prosecute SWIFT, ) demasiado: overly (Sales forecast were overly optimistic.); too (The apartment was nice but it was just too expensive.) demostrar ser: prove to be (The new safety procedures have so far proven to be satisfactory.) demostrar: prove (I had to take all my records to the bank to prove (that) the mistake was theirs.); show (I do not know how to show my thanks for all your help.) denodados esfuerzos/intensos esfuerzos: strenuous efforts (All this has been possible by the strenuous efforts of the Cuban people,) denominacin: denomination; a unit of value, esp. of money (The machines take coins of any denomination.) denominado en lo sucesivo: hereinafter named (Scientific Technical Center SINTEZ [hereinafter named as STC "SINTEZ"] ) denominado: denominated (The transactions shall be denominated in Euro.) denominado: so-called (These so-called experts don't know anything.) dentro y fuera de balance: on and off-balance-sheet (Market risk is defined as the risk of losses in on and off-balance-sheet positions arising from movements in market prices.) Departamento del Tesoro: Department of the Treasury (The Department of the Treasury performs four basic functions: formulating and recommending economic, financial, tax, and fiscal policies.) depende de: it is up to (It is up to each Member State to establish the conditions under which citizenship is acquired or forfeited,) dependencia del comercio/dependencia comercial: dependence on trade (There was a time when Canada sought actively bilateral trading links with Europe as a way of reducing its dependence on trade with the United States.); trade dependence (Increased trade dependence has characterized economic growth in the region.) dependencia del mercado exterior: dependence on foreign market ( development by systematically reducing imported goods and dependence on foreign market, while encouraging domestic production, ...) dependencia externa: foreign dependency ( the economy reached a situation of low growth and greater foreign dependency.) depender de: depend on (Europe cannot depend on the media war, on statements and threats.); rely on (Unlike most export credit agencies that rely on ) / (The system relies too heavily on one means of financing.) depender en gran parte de/depender en gran medida de: depend largely on (They will depend largely on public assistance, both domestic and international.) depositador/prendador: pledger (Pledger is one who makes or gives a pledge.) depositar fianzas y garantas/el depsito de fianzas y garantas: posting bonds and guarantees (Posting bonds and guarantees is a necessary part of exporting that can tie up your cash flow.) depositario de plica: escrow agent (When you know what a title company is, and what this company and the escrow agent do, it's easy to understand the important role that the title company plays in the ...) depositario: pledgee (The right to vote can be granted to a pledgee, but only with the prior consent of the Board of Directors.) depsito a la vista: demand deposit (funds held in demand deposit accounts and interest bearing bank deposits); sight deposit (sight deposits of banks on deposit at the Central Bank) depsito a plazo fijo: fixed term deposit (The Central Bank has been fixing the interest rates on sight deposits and fixed term deposits for state banks ) depsitos a la vista en bancos: demand deposits with banks (Cash equivalents include demand deposits with banks and all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.)

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depsitos a plazo en bancos: term deposits with banks (Term deposits with banks have become a major asset holding of Australian households ) depsitos a trmino en bancos: term deposits with banks (Term deposits with banks have become a major asset holding of Australian households ) depsitos bancarios a la vista: bank deposits at sight (Liquid assets comprise bank deposits at sight or on demand with maturities of up to twelve months.) depsitos bancarios: bank deposits (The assets of NBFs clients accounted for approximately 56% of personal savings, while 29% were made up of bank deposits.) depsitos de bancos y otras instituciones financieras: (deposits from banks and other financial institutions. (inter-bank deposits) were 3%.) depsitos de fondos pblicos: public deposit (The term 'public deposit' implies any money received by a company through the deposits or loans collected from the public.) depsitos en bancos: due from banks (Due From Banks bank assets that consist of demand and time deposits maintained in other banks to facilitate the transfer of funds ...) depreciacin acelerada: accelerated depreciation (In the middle of a recession, accelerated depreciation can be critical in encouraging frightened firms to invest, ) depreciacin acumulada: accrued depreciation (... goods were to be resold at a given moment in the future, revenue would be forgone in an amount proportional to the accrued depreciation.) derecho administrative: administrative law derecho civil: civil law derecho consuetudinario: common law derecho contractual: contract law (The franchising arrangement is a legal document relying on contract law and inevitably on mutual trust between both parties.) derecho fiscal/derecho tributario: tax law derecho internacional: international law derecho laboral: labor law derecho mercantil: commercial law derecho penal: criminal law derecho politico: constitutional law derecho de llave: compensation for goodwill (In Germany, based on an analogy with the rules applicable to commercial agents, dealers can get compensation for goodwill if their contract is ended.) Derecho del Mar: Law of the Sea derechos del consumidor: consumer rights (Consumer protection organisations and consumer rights belong to the European Union's key fundamental values.) derivado implcito: embedded derivative (These instruments have been deemed to contain embedded derivatives and have been subject to valuation using a binomial model.); implicit derivative (In the event that such contracts include implicit derivatives, they are registered separately to the original contract, if the economic characteristic of the implicit derivative is not directly related to the economic characteristics of the original principle contract.) derivados financieros: financial derivatives (The Group uses certain financial derivatives to hedge against variations in exchange and interest rates.) derivados: derivatives (Transactions in financial derivatives are treated as separate transactions rather than as integral parts of the value of underlying transactions ) derrocar (gobierno): bring down (An economic crisis could bring down the government.) derrumbe burstil: stock exchange collapse (Stock exchange collapse continues, international companies in the country fight for survival.) desaceleracin: slowdown (The global economic slowdown could aggravate this trend.) desacelerar: slow down (What are the factors to accelerate or slow down the achievement of agreements in this area?) desajuste: mismatch (This has created an enormous currency mismatch between the earnings of the debtors and their debt.) desaparecer: fade (Its contribution to GDP growth has appeared to be fading.)

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desarrollado: developed (the interests of the least developed countries have badly suffered as a result of this.) desarrollar mecanismos: develop mechanisms (I appeal to the need to develop mechanisms of financing and governing with practical effects for the accomplishment of this strategy.) desarrollar: developing (developing and implementing the liquidity management and funding policy.) desarrollo sostenible: sustainable development (Sustainable development (SD) is a pattern of growth in which resource use aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs ...) desarrollo sostenido: sustained development (But this is an important aspect of sustained development trajectories.) desarrollo: development (The main role of the Board of Directors (the Board) is to oversee the management of the Bank, safeguard its assets, and ensure its viability, profitability and development.) desayuno continental: continental breakfast (un desayuno sencillo que consiste de caf, pan/pasteles, mantequilla/mermelada y un jugo de frutas.) descender: go down (And as prices go down, so quality needs to rise, as consumers become able to choose between different products and pick the best quality goods.) descenso abrupto: steep plunge (Of note was a steep plunge in other operating income ) descenso de las exportaciones: decline in exports (The continuing decline in exports would have serious repercussions on the employment scenario) descentralizacin de la gestin empresarial estatal: decentralisation of the States corporate management (Among them should be highlighted the promotion of foreign investment, tourism, individual enterprise and the entry of remittances, in addition to greater decentralisation of the States corporate management.) desconectado de/desconectada de: out of step with (an absurd and increasing complexity, which is out of step with reality.) desconfianza de los consumidores: mistrust of consumers (Another factor influencing this slow recovery is the mistrust of consumers.) descongelar cuentas bancarias: unfreeze bank accounts (Call to demand U.S. Treasury Department unfreeze bank accounts of Palestinian human rights activist and his family.) desconocimiento: ignorance (Given the ignorance that exists in our country on cooperatives) desconvocar/suspender (huelga): call off (Union leaders called the strike off at the last minute.) descripcin engaosa: misrepresentation descripcin incorrecta: misrepresentation descuento comercial: trade discount (Type of procedure used to calculate the trade discount percentage.) descuento sin recurso: discount without recourse (Exporter can obtain discount without recourse without a credit line in place.); nonrecourse discounting (In some places, the discount can go as high as 20% to 30% of the invoice value, particularly for non-recourse discounting.) desde ahora: from now on (That is why it is important for them to participate from now on, and for us to listen to their opinions.) desde el principio: from the outset (From the outset we planned to conduct our research together.) desde el punto de vista financiero: in financial terms (We know precisely what the house buying process means in financial terms.) desde este momento: hereafter (I will let you in this time, but hereafter you have to get permission in advance.) desde este punto de vista: from this point of view (From this point of view, the situation is not dangerous for any decision connected to) desde inicios de: from beginnings of (is known in Slovakia territory from beginnings of the 18th century.) desde la aplicacin: since the implementation (Argentina has significantly increased its exports of finished leather since the implementation of export restrictions as from 1972.) desde todo punto de vista: in all respects; in every respect desde: as of (As of (= Starting) next month, all the prices will go up.); from desdolalizar: de-dollarize (government announced it would de-dollarize the economy.) desdolarizacin: de-dollarization (This would allow Uruguay to reap associated growth benefits, protect the poor, promote de-dollarization, and) desempear: perform; act; play (the bank has played a major role) desempeo: performance (the best performance in six years) desempleo: unemployment (The unemployment rate was 4 percent in October.)

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desencadenar: trigger (In 2008-09 the Cuban economy faced a balance of payments crisis triggered by three external adverse factors.) desequilibrio de la balanza comercial: imbalance in the trade balance (An increasing imbalance in the Trade Balance often shows a great deal about the current account figures) desequilibrio: imbalance ( to control the three-digit inflation that had emerged at the beginning of the decade as a result of the crisis and macroeconomic imbalances.), mismatch desfasado de/no llevar el paso de: out of step with (they may prove to be completely out of step with reality or even give rise to undesirable effects.) desglosar: break down (It's easier to handle the job if you break it down into several specific assignments.) desglose: breakdown (Breakdown of the loan and acceptance portfolio.) / (We need a breakdown of the crime statistics into violent and nonviolent crimes.) designado/designada/persona designada: designee (Designee - Staff person who has been appointed to act with authority in the absence of the director, region director, and/or institution warden/superintendent.) / (The committee or its designee shall personally interview ) designar: appoint (The independent auditors were appointed by); designate (The chairman designated his daughter as his successor.) desigual: uneven (The contest was uneven because one team was much stronger than the other.) / (The world recovery is proceeding at an uneven pace.) / uneven (Development and reconstruction efforts are slow and uneven.) desigualdad: inequality (social/racial inequality) desigualdades econmicas y sociales: social and economical inequalities (Social and economical inequalities have an adverse effect on infant mortality.) desnivelado: uneven (The contest was uneven because one team was much stronger than the other.) desocupacin/desempleo: unemployment (Unemployment (or joblessness), as defined by the International Labour Organization, occurs when people are without jobs and they have actively sought work ...) despegue econmico: economic take-off (They made important contributions to China's trade and development, especially in the early years of China's economic take-off.); economic upturn (only an economic upturn and accompanying economic growth will secure increased state revenue.) desplegable/folleto/panfleto: brochure (For further information, or to request a brochure, please contact ) desplegar: deploy (To this end they should deploy appropriate numbers of staff and resources.) despliegue: deployment (The main focus should be on maintaining the tight schedule of program development and deployment.) desplomarse: slump (Home computer sales slumped dramatically last year.); plunge (our banks and financial groups did see their accumulated profits plunge) despojo: plundering (Should the United States do nothing, it will be the sole responsible for the plundering of Havana Club trademark from his legitimate owner,) despus de lo cual: whereupon (We went home for coffee, whereupon Viv became violently ill.) despus de: in the wake of (in the wake of the recent global financial crisis); following (following changes); in the aftermath of (We are proud to be the first major Canadian bank to increase dividends in the aftermath of the financial crisis.) despus/mas tarde: afterward/afterwards (Afterwards, NATO violated this same resolution) destacado: outstanding (Youve done an outstanding job.); leading (She is a leading expert on the art of ancient Greece.) destacar/destacarse: stand out (on the table two complexes of problems stand out.); / (The European agricultural model should genuinely make us stand out in the world and be an example to it.) destacar/poner de relieve: highlight (The report highlights the need for increased funding.) (The following list highlights the Banks strategic focus:) destacarse de: stand out from ( stand out from their competitors) destacarse por: stand out because of (stand out because of their tradition) destinar: earmark (I think we would do well to earmark financial assistance for this.); intend (...revenue intended for benefit the local community...) destinatario de la oferta/aceptante de la oferta/ persona a quien va dirigida la oferta: offeree (A contract is formed when one party (the "offeror") makes an offer which is accepted by the other party (the "offeree).) desvanecerse: fade (More recently, however, its contribution to GDP growth has appeared to be fading.) desvirtuar: misrepresent (He misrepresented facts about his legal experience on his application.)

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detener: halt (inflation was halted) (The increase in unemployment and emigration from disadvantaged regions must be halted.) deteriorado/deteriorada: impaired (To establish whether the assets have been impaired, it is necessary to consider whether the reduction in its fair value is significantly below cost ) deteriorarse: deteriorate (The current account position deteriorated somewhat from previous year.) deterioro: deterioration (a deterioration in relations between the two countries); impairment (The Bank performs an annual impairment test of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives.) / (No impairment loss was recorded for 2009.) determinar: bring about (Such circumstances brought about the fall of the Empire.); ascertain (In reality two days is what we will need to ascertain if we go further with your enquiry.) deuda dudosa: doubtful debt (The decrease in doubtful debts can mainly be explained by the recovery of loans from defaulting debtors.) deuda exigible: debt due (Amounts of EUR 5.5 million already agreed to be paid are included as a debt due to Member States.) deuda externa: foreign debt (Foreign debt is still a heavy burden.); external debt (The main difference is the level of their external debt.) deuda que asume prdidas: bail-in debt (The Basel Committee and the FSB are developing a well integrated approach to systemically important financial institutions which could include combinations of capital surcharges, contingent capital and bail-in debt.) deuda soberana: sovereign debt (...concerns over the European sovereign debt.) deuda vencida: overdue debt (A framework for an overdue debt management reform.) deuda: debt (This debt has been a subject of negotiation.); indebtedness (We all agree that for some developing countries external indebtedness is a major obstacle to growth and development.) deudor moroso: delinquent debtor (to provide you with an in-depth accounting of the full assets and liabilities of the potential credit customer (or delinquent debtor). deudor prendario/deudor pignorante: pledgor (The risks and rewards of the pledged assets reside with the pledgor.) deudor: debtor (Student loans force students to graduate as debtors.); obligor (Obligors may be borrowers, issuers, counterparties or guarantors.) devaluar: devaluate; devalue (In order to do away with the dual currency and overcome financial imbalances, monetary policy must devalue the two domestic currencies. devastar/destrozar: ravage (Hurricane Mitch ravaged the tiny Central American country.) devengar intereses: bear interest (The sums to be recovered shall bear interest.) devengo: accrual (The Commission has made further progress in the implementation of accrual accounting, although some weaknesses are still observable.) / (Can I change between cash and accrual methods in different tax years?) da natural: calendar day (That date shall not be earlier than 90 calendar days after publication of the decision.); natural day (The maximum response time is 5 natural days, although the average response time was 2.5 days.); civil day dicen que: they say that (they say that he was killed by a terrorist) dictamen de los auditores independientes: independent auditors opinin (Our independent auditors opinion expresses substantial doubt); opinion of independent auditors (as well as the opinion of Independent Auditors regarding the fiscal year concluded on December 31, 2008.); independent auditors report (See Independent Auditors' Report dated April 3, 2003); report of independent auditors (The accompanying report of independent auditors from KPMG LLP, dated April 6, 2010, stated ) dictar sentencia: give a judgement (The European Court of Justice must first adopt a position and give a judgment.) dictar: promulgate (To promulgate the necessary norms ensuring that financial system entities adequately comply with agreements subscribed by the Republic aimed at preventing money laundering.); dictate (Should the EU dictate to other countries how criminal activity should be combated?); issue (issue decrees and provisions on the basis of and pursuant to the existing laws and...) diferencia: gap (Analyzing interest rate sensitivity gaps is one of the techniques used by the Bank to manage interest rate risk.) diferencial: spread (This loan bears interest at Euribor plus a spread.) diferentes a los/diferentes a las: other than those (I want to engage in activities other than those specified on my visa.) diferir: defer (You can order the furniture now and defer payment until September.) difcil: tough (We've had to make some very tough decisions.); difficult (He's in a difficult situation and could go bankrupt.); hard (hard questions to answe) difundir: disseminate (How to disseminate results.)

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digno de declararse/digno de notificarse: be reportable (What is judged to be reportable on one class of product, ) digno de mencin/digna de mencin: of note (Of note was a steep plunge in other operating income) diligencia debida mejorada/diligencia conveniente mejorada: enhanced due diligence (There is no legal obligation to carry out enhanced due diligence for higher risk categories of customers / business relationships.) diligencia debida/debida diligencia: due diligence (Financial entities like this enjoy exceptionally high international risk ratings and manage their portfolio by means of extremely rigorous processes of due diligence and follow-up.) / Our rigorous due diligence requirements ensure that all projects and transactions we support are financially, environmentally and socially responsible. (En economa, diligencia conveniente, es cundo en un empresa se planea meticulosamente todos los movimientos y decisiones que se toman y a la vez se chequean sus implicaciones.) Dime con quien andas y te dir quien eres: Show me your company and I will tell you who you are dinmica de crecimiento: growth dynamics (The major upside risk is that growth dynamics may have been underestimated.) dinmica de funcionamiento: operational dynamics (This study examines the elements of operational dynamics in light of their use as tools in the development of such a plan.) dinmica de grupo (grupal): group dynamics (Group dynamics refers to a system of behaviors and psychological processes that occur within a social group (intragroup dynamics), or between social groups ...) dinmica: dynamics (The fight for the leadership revealed a lot about the group's dynamics.) dinamismo: dynamism (When this professional services sector began to lose dynamism and ); drive (We demonstrate efficiency, drive and competence in everything we do.) dinero electrnico: electronic money (We need electronic money which is valid in a given environment.); e-money (There is no possibility that monetary instability will arise from the phenomenon of e-money.); e-cash (E-Cash: Electronic cash is a payment mechanism designed for the Internet.) Dinero llama dinero.: Money makes money. Dios los cra y ellos se juntan.: Birds of a feather flock together. directivo/directiva: managerial (While every effort was made to identify those staff with managerial functions ); manager; executive; management director adjunto/directora adjunta: deputy director director ejecutivo: executive director (The request is made on behalf of the Executive Director of the South Centre.) director general: chief executive officer (de una gran empresa); (A chief executive officer (also abbreviation CEO) of a company is usually the most powerful person in the company, with the most important responsibilities. ) directriz: guideline (requirements established by the guidelines of the Superintendent) dirigente: decision maker (A market for information and possibilities that no decision-maker should miss.) dirigido a: aimed at (These ads are aimed at young people.) (The measures are aimed at preserving family life.) dirigir a: aim at (These measures should aim at specific audiences, in particular researchers and members of ethics committees,); head for (Canadian economy is headed for growth of 3.1%.) dirigir: conduct (we conducted our audits)( The experiments were conducted by leading scientists.); mastermind (The Cuban territory has never been used, nor will it be ever used to mastermind, finance or carry out terrorist acts against any country, including the United States.) diseminar: disseminate (To disseminate the information that required to make decisions.) diseadores de la poltica econmica: designers of the economic policy ( it is also hard to decipher for foreign businessmen and investors operating in Cuba and even for the very designers of the economic policy.) disfrutar de beneficios : enjoy profits (Against that background, it is unjustifiable for energy companies who enjoy profits like these to impose such high bills on hard-pressed ...) disfrutar de ganancias: enjoy profits (Against that background, it is unjustifiable for energy companies who enjoy profits like these to impose such high bills on hard-pressed ...) disminucin de las inversiones permanentes: decrease in permanent investments (Increase in inventories through a decrease in permanent investments ...) disminucin de las inversiones temporales: decrease in temporary investments (The decrease in temporary investments in the current period of $9026511 reflected the transfer of marketable securities into bankers' acceptances with ...) disminucin de otros activos: decrease in other assets (a 43509 million yen decrease in deferred tax assets, and a 32930 million yen decrease in other assets due to the reclassification of ...)

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disminucin: decrease (Most of the decrease was attributable to credit losses in Commercial Banking,); reduction; slowdown (The slowdown in the export of services and the absence of a new engine for economic growth essentially explain this dynamic.) disminuir en: diminish by; decrease by; reduce by; bring down by; come down by disminuir progresivamente: wind down (As the work of the mission begins to wind down, my delegation reiterates its consistent support for the) disminuir: diminish (Administrative workload will diminish and front-line staff will have more time for building customer relationships.); decrease (The rate was assumed to decrease gradually to reach 2.5% in 2024 and remain at that level thereafter.); go down; lessen (to lessen the impact of the exchange rate changes on the economic agents) dispar: uneven (It's an uneven movie, but some of the scenes are hilariously funny.) disparejo: uneven (The contest was uneven because one team was much stronger than the other.) disponer: set out (Your contract sets out the terms and conditions of your employment.) disponibilidad de efectivo: cash availability (Increase your cash availability while reducing your monthly payments.) disponibilidad de fondos: available funds (However, these transfers shall be subject to the existence of available funds in the budget of the Commission.) disponibilidades: availabilities (The values recorded under availabilities, accounts receivable, other circulating assets, accounts payable and miscellaneous provisions will come close to the realization value ...) disponible: available (Her new book is available in bookstores all across America.) disposicin: provision (The contract contains a provision covering additional expenses.) disposiciones legales vigentes: legal provisions in effect (The stipulations of the consolidated text of the legal provisions in effect for local government, approved by ) disposiciones transitorias: transitional provisions (This is included in the transitional provisions of the Statutes.); transitional arrangements (transitional arrangements aiming at the fullest participation in the results of the negotiations) dista de: far from (The situation is improving but is far from being fully satisfactory.) distintos a los: other than those (I want to engage in activities other than those specified on my visa.) distorsin: misrepresentations (cultural misrepresentations, stereotypes and other negative generalisations) distorsionar: distort (There are those who would distort the facts to serve their own political ends.); misrepresent (He misrepresented facts about his legal experience on his application.) distorsionar: misrepresent (He misrepresented facts about his legal experience on his application.) disyuntiva: alternative (I have no alternative but to ask you to leave.) dividendo: dividend (Net interest income comprises interest and dividends related to financial assets and liabilities associated with trading activities, ) divisas libremente convertibles: freely convertible currency (All monetary contributions shall be paid in freely convertible currency ); freely convertible foreign exchange ( where sufficient freely convertible foreign exchange is available for the transaction in question.eur-lex.) divisas: foreign currency (they highlighted the best external position of the country, as well as the largest income of foreign currency from family remittances); foreign exchange (Sisal was the country's main foreign exchange earner ) divulgacin: disclosure (documents whose disclosure would represent a potential danger for government security, public security) divulgacin: disclosure (Such disclosure must take into account the legitimate interests of the parties concerned that their business secrets ...) divulgar: disclose (Terms of the agreement were not disclosed.); disseminate (we can help them disseminate this knowledge in their own countries.) doble moneda: dual currency (Therefore, after the introduction of the dual currency system inflationary pressures did not abate in Montenegro, as foodstuff prices increased strongly.) doble rasero: double standards (The US Government, in order to be consistent with its proclaimed commitment to the fight against terrorism, must act without double standards against those who, from Us territory, have committed terrorist acts against Cuba.) documentar: document (The objective is to identify and document traditional knowledge and practices concerning the use of environmental resources.) documento justificativo: documentary evidence (It is necessary to establish a model for this documentary evidence.)

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documentos adjuntos: annexed documents (The management company managing the investment fund submits the notification letter, annexed documents and translations.) domicilio legal: legal address dominante: dominant (the current dominant big state sector in Cuba.) dominar: overcome (Training programmes that should have helped them to overcome these difficulties haven't yet started.) donativo prometido: pledge (The telethon raised $150,000 in pledges for leukemia research.) donde sea necesario: where necessary Dos cabezas piensan ms que una./Dos cabezas piensan mejor que una.: Two heads are better than one. dotacin: endowment (The most stable source of income is the Endowment Fund.) dotado de: endowed with (Angola has been generously endowed with resources by nature.) dotar con: equipping with (The project consisted of equipping the dam with certain services.) dotar de personal: staff (The after-school program is staffed entirely by volunteers.) Dow Jones (ndice de los valores negociados en la Bolsa de los E.E.U.U.): drsticamente: severely (Resources dropped.) have been severely curtailed and services increasingly outsourced to the private sector or

dualidad monetaria y cambiaria: exchange rate and monetary duality (To eliminate the exchange rate and monetary duality, Cuban authorities must now ) dualidad monetaria: currency duality (The currency duality and its exchange and financial repercussions have formed part of an economic policy of a discretional nature, ...) dudoso: doubtful (This is a very doubtful measure from an ecological and economical point of view.); uncertain durante (en el transcurso de): during (They work during the night and sleep by day.); over (She made a lot of changes over the past six months.) durante casi: for almost (For almost two years, David Mcira has laboured tirelessly..) durante el segundo semester: during the second half (During the second half of 2010 started the work associated with) durante este tiempo: during this time; along the way (I've been here for thirty years, and I've picked up a lot of experience along the way (= during this time). durante mas de: for over (The dream of Cuban independence had existed for over one-hundred years before the final war for independence from Spain began in February 1895.); for more than (Yoga has been practiced for more than 5000 years, and currently, close to 11 million Americans are enjoying its health benefits.) durante todo el ao: all the year round (many of these myths and beliefs find expression through fairs and festivals, all the year round.) durante un recorrido por: during a tour of (The Queen with guests during a tour of the National Museum of Liverpool as part a visit to Merseyside, 1 December 2011.) durante los ltimos meses/durante los ltimos aos/en los ltimos meses/en los ltimos aos: over the last few months/years (This superiority has decreased over the last few years.); over the past months/years (She made a lot of changes over the past six months.) duro: tough (We were expecting tough, rigorous negotiation, ) (INICIO)

E economa basada en las exportaciones: export-led economy (Transitions from export-led economies to consumption-led economies never have been easy.) economa de mercado: market economy (In a market economy the prices in question may simply reflect differences in the negotiating power ...) economa de trueque: barter economy (To avoid the inconveniences associated with a barter economy, one of the goods can be used as a medium of exchange.) economa deprimida: sluggish economy (Sluggish economy is a state in the economy in which the growth is slow, flat or declining.)

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economa desarrollada: developed economy (Some of the common characteristics of a developed economy are low birth rate ) economa domstica: domestic economy (Growth with employment; pay attention to the domestic economy, form human capital.) economa ecolgica: green economy (The concept of a "green economy" should be approached within a framework of sustainable development ...) economa en desarrollo: developing economy (A country with a small population and a developing economy requires new technologies.) economa estatal centralizada: centralized state economy (The consequences of this complex macro-financial situation adds to the inefficiencies and distortions in the Cuban centralized state economy, ) economa globalizada: globalized economy (In this world with a globalized economy, poverty is the result but of centuries of colonialism and neo colonialism and an unjust, ) economa hecha a mano: handmade economy (Flint Handmade is a non-profit that fosters a local, handmade economy around the city.) economa madura: mature economy (Mature economy is an economy that has reached an advanced stage of development characterised by slowing GDP growth, low population growth and an ...) economa nacional: domestic economy (It emphasises how important a functioning network is for tourism and the domestic economy.) economa planificada: planned economy (A planned economy is an economic system in which decisions regarding production and investment are embodied in a plan formulated by a central authority, ...) economa socialista centralizada: socialist centralised economy (1990s resulting from the traumatic transition from a socialist centralized economy to a privatized market created much anger among Russians) economa subterrnea: underground economy (Excessive regulation is often a key factor that keeps businesses in the underground economy.) economa sumergida: underground economy (Excessive regulation is often a key factor that keeps businesses in the underground economy.) economa verde: green economy (The green economy is about consumption as well as production.) economa: economics (ciencia; disciplina) economa: economy (Tourism contributes millions of dollars to the region's economy.) economas avanzadas: advanced economies (Though growth in the advanced economies is more modest,) economas desarrolladas: mature economies (to take into account the fiscal adjustments that governments of the mature economies are about to implement); developed economies economas emergentes: emerging economies (Emerging economies are in the drivers seat.) econmico/a: economic (economic growth/policies); cost-effective (Energy efficiency offers a powerful and cost-effective tool for achieving a sustainable energy future. edad de jubilacin: retirement age (In her view, the difference between the retirement age for men and that for women was not that great.); pensionable age (Given these circumstances, it is more obvious to lower, rather than increase, the pensionable age.) edificios y otras construcciones: buildings and other structures (All the Company's buildings and other structures are free of all encumbrances.) efectividad: effectiveness (Information flowed both ways, increasing the effectiveness of the initiative.) efectivo disponible: cash on hand (Cash comprises cash on hand, bank notes and coin.) efectivo en caja y bancos: cash in hand and at banks (At the end of March, cash in hand and at banks amounted to EUR 41.1 million ) efectivo en caja y depsitos bancarios a la vista: cash on hand and demand deposits (According to International Accounting Standard 7 (IAS 7), Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits. efectivo en caja y depsitos en bancos: cash on hand and due from banks (Cash on hand and due from banks, consists of gold, silver and currency in our own vaults and deposits with other banks payable on demand.) efectivo equivalente: cash equivalents (Cash equivalents is highly liquid, very safe investments which can be easily converted into cash, such as Treasury Bills and money market funds.) efectivo y depsitos en bancos: cash and due from banks (For the purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents represent those amounts that are included in cash and due from banks.) efectivo y equivalentes: cash and cash equivalents (Thus, debtors have two options: they can either provide a bank guarantee (shown under contingent assets) or make a provisional payment (shown under cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet.)

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efectivo y valores: cash and securities (The currency component was transferred in the form of cash and securities.) efecto bancario: bank bill (the invoices which were paid with the bank bill can only be archived when the bill of exchange due date is exceeded.) efecto econmico adverso: adverse economic effect (The problems affect their own health, but also cause serious social problems and can have adverse economic effects.) efecto invernadero: greenhouse effect (The greenhouse effect and deforestation also have a considerable impact.) efecto multiplicador: multiplying effect (... a growth model based on the export of professional services with a low multiplying effect.) efecto posterior: aftereffect (This paper explains how the aftereffects of flooding on library walls and shelving were dealt with by means of humidifiers and fans.) efecto social adverso: adverse social effect (Construction and operation of the Project has the potential to generate adverse social effects as a result of noise and vibration, air quality, and traffic and access, ...) efecto vinculante/carcter vinculante: binding effect (Any relaxation of that rule does not have binding effect.) efecto: impact ( the economy had to deal with consecutive impacts of negative external shocks.) effect (the effects of changes in monetary policy) efectos de la recesin: effects of the recession (On top of that, the effects of the recession put a $3 trillion hole in our budge.) efectos por cobrar: receivables (Net working capital equals trade receivables plus inventories minus trade payables.) efectos por pagar: payables ( transactions with foreign payables and receivables solutions in as many as 25 currencies.) efectos/ ttulos/valores: securities eficacia: effectiveness (...considers that it is important to increase the effectiveness of communications.) eficiencia administrativa: administrative efficiency (For reasons of administrative efficiency both investigations were combined.) eficiencia energtica: energy efficiency (Energy efficiency offers a powerful and cost-effective tool for achieving a sustainable energy future.) eficiencia financiera: financial efficiency (It is not just a matter of energy efficiency, but of financial efficiency.) eficiencia operacional: operational efficiency (increase its operational efficiency with a view to possible savings) eje de las transformaciones: core of transformations (A second core of transformations for which we have systematic evaluations involve social investment funds designed to combat poverty, ) at the (en el) (Such unexpected changes and the dynamics of the system are at the core of transformations ) ejecucin de caja del presupuesto: cash budget execution (The committee is responsible for daily monitoring of cash budget execution, proper management of reserve money, and overall adherence of macroeconomic ...) ejecucin: performance (she has to rely on others for the performance of the simplest tasks) ejecutivo: executive (More importantly, he is able to mentor executives by encouraging them to take risks and to have ...); decision maker (A market for information and possibilities that no decision-maker should miss.) ejercer: bring to bear (The Board is attentively monitoring progress and bringing to bear its collective experience in business and governance to assist management in ...) ejercicio: accounting period (it is compulsory to mention the corresponding data on the previous accounting period in euros); financial year (The Accounts are audited at the end of each financial year.); accounting year ( accounting system will be encouraged to adjust it at the beginning of the accounting year.); performance (in the performance of his duties) el ao anterior: the previous year (higher than the 1.4% of the previous year.); the preceding year; the year before el asunto que nos ocupa: the issue that concerns us el caso es que: the point is that (However, the point is that we can strive for these values.)

el contrato tiene validez legal y es obligatorio para las partes: the contract is legal and binding el cual/el que: which (the newspaper in which the article appeared) El dinero llama al dinero.: Money makes money. El fin justifica los medios.: The end justifies the means (Machiavelli actually endorsed the idea that the end justifies the means.) El hbito no hace al monje.: The dress does not make the man. El hambre es mala consejera.: Hunger is a poor adviser.

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El hombre propone y Dios dispone.: Man proposes and God disposes. el mas alto funcionario: the most senior officer (The most senior officer must always walk to the right of the junior officer especially to facilitate saluting.) El ojo del amo engorda al cabello.: No eye like the eye of the master. el principio de la legalidad: the force of law; the rule of law El que no se arriesga no pasa la mar.: Nothing ventured, nothing gained. El que re ltimo, re mejor.: He who laughs last laughs longest. el sistema: the Establishment (The Establishment is a term used to refer to a visible dominant group or elite that holds power or authority in a nation.) El sol sale para todos.: The sun shine on the just and on the unjust. El tiempo es oro.: Time is Money. echar las bases de/poner las bases de/sentar las bases de: do the groundwork for; lay the groundwork for (The planning committee will lay the groundwork for the conference.) elaborar: draw up (The lawyers drew up a contract over the weekend.); prepare; devise elegibilidad: eligibility (When you apply to pay in instalments, you loose your eligibility for the discount.) elevar de categora/subir de categora: upgrade (the college was upgraded to university) elevar: boost (The concrete target is to boost collective trade and investment levels.) eliminacin progresiva: phasing out (Consideration of a phasing out of the ration card, ) eliminar progresivamente: phase out (Many airlines have begun to phase out (= stop using) airplanes 20 years old or older.) eliminar: eliminate (You can never totally eliminate the possibility of human error.); remove, do away with elogiar: commend (We commend the United Kingdom for pointing the way.) emergente: emerging (It is therefore - by definition - an emerging power.) emisin: issue (The monetary issue and the piling up of debt unleashed speculation ); issuance (particularly due to issuances of covered bonds in an amount of US$2.4 billion.) emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero: greenhouse gas emissions (I believe that we must use every possible means of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.) empeado en: committed to (We are all committed to the task of reconstruction.) empeo: endeavor (Bioproducts for agriculture a new endeavor of the Labiofam Entrepreneurial Group.) empeorar: aggravate (They should help enhance diplomatic efforts rather than aggravate conflicts and lead to confrontation.) empleado: employee (The Bank sees its employees as among its greatest assets.) emprender: undertake (... the Union has to accompany the social and economic reforms we are obliged to undertake.) / (a willingness to undertake gradual reform) empresa (proyecto/negocio/firma): undertaking (The opening of credit by state banks allows the addition of new resources at the disposition of private undertakings.); enterprise (The road is bordered by shopping centers, restaurants, retail outlets, and other commercial enterprises.)

empresa comercial: trading company (All export sales were handled by a related trading company.) empresa conjunta: joint venture (Joint venture creates a new entity to implement various types of project structures.) empresa cooperativa por acciones/empresa cooperativa annima: join-stock cooperative enterprises (it cannot be denied that some join-stock cooperative enterprises having been transformed in accordance with relevant governmental regulations may evolve into partnership enterprises with changes in their external environments, such as the removal of relevant preferential policies.) empresa de capital mixto: mixed-capital enterprise (ENEL, the Italian energy company, has been an important partner in this mixedcapital enterprise.) empresa de propiedad estatal: state-owned enterprise (SOEs) (The Chairman of this group is employed by a State-owned enterprise that is the largest FeMo producer in China ) empresa estatal (en Canad)/ corporacin estatal (en Canad): crown corporation (Founded in 1944, EDC is a Crown Corporation that

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operates as a commercial financial institution.) empresa estatal: state enterprise (It was created in 1948 as a state enterprise; in 1997 the State sold majority of the company's shares...) empresa familiar/negocio familiar: household business (One of the greatest omissions in the management of household business activity is the lack of a plan.) empresa mixta: joint venture (Joint venture creates a new entity to implement various types of project structures.) Empresa Municipal de Comercio y Gastronoma: Municipal Enterprise of Trade and Gastronomy empresa/negocio: concern (He heads a large concern in the midwest.) empresarial: entrepreneurial (The rise of entrepreneurial China.) empresario individual: sole trader (An SME may be as small as a sole trader or a partnership of three or four people.) empresario: businessman (What is the difference between an entrepreneur, a businessman, and an investor?); entrepreneur (He's an entrepreneur who made his money in computer software.) empresas de produccin domstica: home-based putting-out enterprises (Most women microentrepreneurs work in informal street markets and home-based putting-out enterprises for local producers.) empresas estatales: state-owned enterprises (SOEs) (Employment in state-owned enterprises may be a better way of providing social security than social assistance payments) empresas grannacionales: grannational enterprises (The concept of Grannational Enterprises emerged in opposition to that of the transnational companies.) emprestar: borrow (For personal loans and personal lines of credit, employees may not borrow more than 50% of their annual gross base salary at the reduced rate.) empujar: push (This could push the EU into a deep and longer-lasting recession: ) empuje: momentum (transition does not go smoothly and critical momentum can be lost.); boost (The president's approval rating got a boost following his speech.); drive (We demonstrate efficiency, drive and competence in everything we do.) En abril aguas mil.: April showers bring Mayflowers. en adelante: onward (From 2004 onward ) en algunos aspectos: in some respects (While Cuba believes it is not perfect and in some respects falls short of our expectations, we decided nevertheless to endorse the position of the G-21 and ) en algunos sentidos: in some respects (in some respects the old one is better) en alza: rising (Rising temperatures and more frequent floods, droughts and storms are impacting millions of people's lives.) en ambos: in both (In both cases the financial contribution shall be increased proportionately ...) en apoyo de: in support of (He produced charts and graphs in support of his argument.) en asociacin con: in partnership with (Much of our business is done in partnership with other financial institutions.) en auge: boming (Exports are booming, business confidence is up and the labour market is developing positively.) en aumento: rising (the country is faced with rising unemployment/violence) en base a: on a base of (... projects and connect diverse desires on a base of common histories and shared dreams".) En boca cerrada no entran moscas.: If you keep your mouth shut, you wont put your foot in it. en breve tiempo: early on (It was a great race for Needles, who took the lead early on (= shortly after the start). / (Business investment was a driving force of the recovery early on.) en buena parte: largely (This increase in the capital ratios was largely due to the Banks adoption of the ); mainly (Revenue growth was driven mainly by higher loan volumes ) en cambio: by contrast (By contrast, I do not believe in sanctions when they affect the general population...); in contrast (In contrast, whites constitute just 46% of California's adult population, but. 66% of the state's likely voters.) en caso contrario: otherwise (Otherwise, the representative of the government concerned should be able to ask for the communication) en caso de: in case of (This situation will likely further deteriorate in case of a surge of such imports ) en caso necesario: where necessary (The contents of this website are continuously checked and brought up to date where necessary.) en el caso de: in the case of (In the case of sensitive population groups, ozone pollution may lead to irritation of the eyes, sore throats and breathing problems.)

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en cierta medida: up to a point (This is very clear both in China and Russia, but is also valid up to a point for some countries of East Europe.); in part en cierto sentido: in some sense (I think that both interpretations are in some sense correct.) en ciertos aspectos: in certain respects (In certain respects this is clearly important.) en colaboracin con: in partnership with (en asociacin con: in partnership with (Much of our business is done in partnership with other financial institutions.) en comparacin con: in comparison with (In comparison with the previous proposal, the action plan made further progress in ); compared with (Most experts feel that the risk is very low compared with the benefits.); compared to (The number of statutory staffing grew towards 320 at the end of 2009, which is an increase of 40% compared to the year before.) en concordancia con: in accordance with ( was prepared in accordance with the requirements set out in) en conformidad con: in compliance with (Decision-making authority is determined in compliance with the delegation of authority set out in the Credit Risk Management Policy.); compliant with (conforming to requirements) ( are treated in a manner that is fully compliant with international standards.) en conjunto: altogether (Altogether, she gave away some $60 million in her lifetime.), taken as a whole / (We can accept three groups of amendments which, altogether, make up more or less half of them.) en consecuencia: in consequence (In consequence, the reliability of the information presented has not been verified by arithmetical ...); accordingly (The Commission is reviewing the state of progress and will act accordingly.); thereby (The Office of the President carries out its responsibilities as a team, thereby ensuring consistency as well as information and knowledge sharing among the Banks business units. en consideracin a: in consideration of (In consideration of the funding provided by AcRF, the university shall grant MOE, upon the written request of MOE, ) en consonancia con: in line with (This is in line with the recommendation of the External Auditor.); accordingly (Accordingly, the Member States should find a common response to the challenges.) en contraste con: in contrast with (She is quite petite, in contrast with her tall sister.) en cualquier caso: at any rate (At any rate, the Commission will examine the measures taken by Member States according to ); in all events (In all events, the report proposes encoding messages as the main form of protection.) en cuanto a eso: in that respect (The General Assembly had a major role to play in that respect and should not remain silent.) en cuanto a esto: in this respect (In this respect, particular attention will be devoted to the use of consultant services and ...) en cuanto a: as regards (There is no problem as regards (= about) the financial arrangements.), in (or) with regard to (I am calling in/with regard to (= in relation to) your recent inquiry.); as for (As for the Trade Balance); as to (I can't answer questions as to how long the concert will last.); with regard to (Meritage leads competing solutions over most time periods with regard to the rates of return delivered to investors.); regarding (This paper evaluates the three objectives of the proposed reform regarding monetary and exchange rate policy.) en cuanto: as soon as (As soon as any faxes arrive, they're put in a special box.) en cuestin: concerned (Shareholders whose shares are held by a market intermediary are asked to contact the market intermediary concerned.) en curso/en desarrollo: ongoing (We must not forget that this is an ongoing process.) (the investigation is ongoing) en cuyo caso: in which case (The simple majority, in which case the decision is taken according to...) en definitiva: eventually (The plan seemed initially attractive but it was eventually dropped.) en depsito: in escrow (Bank common shares valued at $171 million issued and placed in escrow in the name of the vendors.) en efecto/efectivamente: as a matter of fact (As a matter of fact, an examination of the accounts in question showed significant ...) en el extranjero: abroad (If somebody is ill, they should be given the possibility of receiving medical care abroad.) en el futuro: hereafter (I will let you in this time, but hereafter you have to get permission in advance.) en el mejor de los casos: at best (at best, well just manage to cover costs) en el momento de: at the time of (The enquiry was made at the time of updating the inventory.) en el mundo entero: around the world (The four big companies together buy almost half the coffee beans produced around the world.) en el otro extremo: at the far end (Is that the light at the far end of the Tunnel?) En el peligro se conoce el amigo.: A friend in need is a friend indeed.

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en el periodo posterior: in the ensuing period (The survey results were systematized and processed in the ensuing period.); in the aftermath (We are proud to be the first major Canadian bank to increase dividends in the aftermath of the financial crisis.) en el que; en la que; en los que; en las que: in which (the Bank aims to have a positive influence on the communities in which it operates) en el segundo semestre de: in the half of (In the second half of 2003 the number of false banknotes in circulation levelled off.) en l: therein (an advertisement shall not be inaccurate, misleading or inconsistent with that contained in the prospectus or that expected to be contained therein.) en ello radica: (Therein lies the true touchstone of peace, what is known as ...) en escala reducida: small-scale (Opening of a small-scale non-state sector ) en ese contexto/en ese entorno: against that background (Against that background, even if the 2008 harvest was normal, stocks would not increase significantly ) en ese sentido: in that regard (We therefore call on Russia to become more open in that regard.) en eso radica: (Therein lies the true touchstone of peace, what is known as ...) en eso: therein (therein lies the problem/risk) (Therein lies our strength.) en especial: notably (In some subject fields, notably business, there may be both bibliographic and non-bibliographic data bases covering different aspects of the topic.) en este momento: at this moment (This corresponds to reality at this moment.); at present (This research may contribute to the economic changes that are happening in Cuba at present. ) en este sentido: in this regard (Not a great deal has happened in this regard.); in this respect (In this respect, the appeal to the HDZ in Herzegovina is justified, ) en estos momentos: for the time being (For the time being, therefore, there is no need to increase the quota.) en favor de: in favor of (The city council voted in favor of (= in support of) the proposed housing development.) en fideicomiso: in trust; a legal arrangement in which a person or organization controls property or money for the benefit of another person or organization (The money is being held in trust for her until she turns 21.) en fin (quitando importancia): anyway (we've had quite a few problems this year, but anyway, we're still going); in short (in short, I haven't had a moment's rest) en funcionamiento: in operation (An agency in operation for several years shows a stable and ); in place (Therefore, China should float its currency at some point soon, and dismantle the capitals controls that are currently in place.) en general: on the whole (On the whole, I prefer classic music.); at large (Society at large will benefit from this.); in the main; mostly; by and large (There are a few things that I don't like about my job, but by and large (= when everything about my job is considered together) it's very enjoyable.); in general en gran medida: in large measure (These are in large measure the consequences of that policy,) en gran parte: largely (This increase in the capital ratios was largely due to the Banks adoption of the ); mainly (Revenue growth was driven mainly by higher loan volumes ) en la mayora de los casos: mostly (Revenues from other activities for 2010 totalled $262 million, for a $73 million increase that was mostly related to the activities of Credigy Ltd) en la medida de lo posible: to the extent posible (Missing data have been estimated for countries to the extent possible.) en la medida en que: in so far as; inasmuch as (It also links us, inasmuch as we have an obligation to satisfy the demand for solidarity); Inasmuch as and insofar as are used interchangeably. Inasmuch as, written in two words, is a long but useful synonym for because or since. ...) / (A mechanism like this will provide adequate risk measurement inasmuch as it effectively differentiates risk levels by pool.) En la necesidad o el peligro se conoce al amigo.: A friend in need is a friend indeed. en la segunda mitad de: in the second half of (The session is now scheduled in Mexico in the second half of November 2009.) en lnea: on line (I went on-line to see if I got any e-mail.) en lneas generales: broadly speaking (Broadly speaking, the most flexible and market-focused approaches have been the common denominator ) en lo adelante se denominar: hereinafter referred to as (The participants in this negotiation shall be the 23 above-listed States hereinafter referred to as "the participants".) en lo que a esto se refiere: in this respect (In this respect, additional training and consultation are required to encourage supervisors to

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assess staff more objectively.) en lo que concierne a: with respect to (Consecutive years of strong financial results have positioned the Bank favourably with respect to the new capital standards ) en lo que se refiere a: concerning (concerning your last remark) en lo que va de ao: so far this year (So far this year, over 200 000 hectares of forest have been destroyed ...); en lo que va de: so far this (So far this year, labour market conditions are firm, however, partial indicators ...) en lo sucesivo: hereafter (I will let you in this time, but hereafter you have to get permission in advance.); thereafter (on February 15, 2014 and on February 15 every five years thereafter.) en los plazos: on terms (The Federal Financing Bank is authorized to purchase and sell the Corporation's obligations on terms and conditions determined by the ...) en lugar de/en vez de: in place of ( and will be charged merely an application fee of 900 in place of the total amount of 1600 to be paid at present.); instead of (We went by train instead of by car.) rather than (She wants us to meet her here rather than go to her apartment.) en manos de la poblacin: in hands of the population (... contributing to excess liquidity in hands of the population by offering a limited amount of goods at lower prices (often below production costs). en marcha: ongoing (We must not forget that this is an ongoing process.) (the investigation is ongoing) en medio de: in between (In the new context of staff cuts, this decision has increased the number of staff in between assignments.); in the midst of (The Bank is in the midst of implementing its One client, one bank strategy, ) en muchos sentidos: in many respects (In many respects this is an unnecessary waste of energy.) en nombre de: on/in behalf of (someone) (On behalf of the executive management team, I wish to acknowledge); in/on (someones) behalf (he argued on her behalf that she had been very ill) en otras circunstancias: otherwise (people who might otherwise have died will live) en otras palabras: in other words (In other words, the obstacles we face are not of an institutional nature.) en otros trminos: in other words (In other words, an alliance between citizens and the institutions created ) en particular: notably (In some subject fields, notably business, there may be both bibliographic and non-bibliographic data bases covering different aspects of the topic.) en pie de igualdad: on an equal footing (This new legal framework puts them practically on an equal footing with the financial services and credit that SOEs can access.) en pleno/en plena: in the midst of (The Bank is in the midst of implementing its One client, one bank strategy, ) en preparacin para: in prepation for (A platform had been set up in preparation for the ceremony.) en principio: in principle en primer lugar: first of all (First of all, computers have become a crucial tool in transmitting ideas, thoughts and knowledge.); firstly (Firstly, the initiative to the reforms dates back to 1996.); first and foremost (First and foremost, we should try to get back to the facts.) en realidad/realmente: actually (I haven't actually decided what to do yet.); in fact (He was in fact near death by the time they reached him.); as a matter of fact ("Are you new around here?" "As a matter of fact, I've lived here for ten years.") en relacin con este tema: regarding this subject (Regarding this matter, Panama would like to state that we are concerned by and condemn the decision taken by ) en respuesta a: in response to (This letter is in response to your letter) en resumen: in summary (In summary, it is high time for us to start working like bees.); in short (In short, improving accessibility leads to improved competitiveness ) en seguida/enseguida: speedily (The error can be speedily corrected.) en sntesis: in summary (In summary, the results were good.) en su aspecto mas simple: at its simplest (At its simplest, resource monitoring is nothing more than obtaining information ) en su carcter de: in his character of/in her character/in its character of (In addition, in 1926, in his character of Director of the University of Buenos Aires)/In her character of representative of the Nez family) en su conjunto: on the whole (In spite of all this, on the whole, in the media only one out of five voices of experts is a woman.); as a whole (The Community objective applies to the Community as a whole.)

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en su forma mas simple: at its simplest (At its simplest, chargeback provides a quick and effective refund mechanism for the consumer.) en su mayor parte: mostly (It was mostly focused on the possibility of a bioterrorist attack.) en su mayora: mostly (The group is mostly teenagers, with a few younger children.) en su totalidad: as a whole (this will affect Europe as a whole) en tal caso: in that event (In that event the competent authorities may authorize the company); in such a case (And in such a case the following procedure is to be observed.) en tal sentido: in such sense (A taking of conscience in such sense is an urgent obligation.); in that regard (Our report sends out a political signal in that regard.) en trminos de: in terms of (In terms of economic growth,) en trminos generales: in broad terms (she talked about the problem in broad terms); generally speaking (Generally speaking, I can inform you that work is proceeding normally ) en trminos sencillos: at its simplest (At its simplest, resource monitoring is nothing more than obtaining information ) en todo caso: at any rate (At any rate, is a call for serene reflexion ...); in all events (In all events, I think that we are on the right track.) en todo el pas: all over the whole country (Children die for hunger all over the whole country); troughout the country (hospitals throughout the country reached 1.217 in 2004.); all over the country (courses are offered all over the country.) en todo sentido: in every respect (That will affect the cost of producing and marketing food in every respect.) en todos los aspectos: in all respects (Miscellaneous Application Form duly completed in all respects and signed in two places.) en todos los rincones: in every nook and cranny (Growth opportunities reside in every nook and cranny of this economy.) en todos los sentidos: in all respects (in order to allow for sustainable development in all respects.); in all senses (On such a scale that they might give rise to a process of recession in all senses.) en todos sus detalles: in every detail (Having followed the matter of the buildings in every detail, it is clear to me that it has been dominated by bad faith.); in all particulars (the obligation to provide regular sales reports that are complete, exhaustive and correct in all particulars in order to allow proper monitoring by the Commission.) en total: in all (In all, an average citizen of the United States consumes 2,483 cubic metres a year - about three times as much as a Kenyan or a Chinese.); in total (In total, a sum of 30 million euros is being spent on giving these facilities a facelift.) en un tiempo/momento de: at a time of (Mr Hammerstein, who will speak later, will launch a cross-party pamphlet, Making the Green Energy Switch at a Time of Crisis.) en una poca/un momento de: at a time of (Mr. Waldheim also came to the United Nations at a time of financial crisis.) en verdad: as a matter of fact (As a matter of fact, an examination of the accounts in question showed...) en vez de: rather than (She wants us to meet her here rather than go to her apartment.) en vas de desarrollo: developing (We must get away from the idea that it is our farmers versus the farmers in the developing world.) en vigor: in force (New regulations limiting fishing on this river are now in force.); in effect (Winter parking rules are in effect (= must be obeyed).) en virtud del mismo/en virtud de la misma: pursuant thereto (The Registry shall observe the rules, policies and procedures laid down in this Regulation and adopted by the Commission pursuant thereto.) / (Pursuant thereto, the Heads of State and Government adopted a Declaration on Social and Human Issues.) en virtud de un contrato con: under contract with (The study was prepared by Prof. U. Sieber of the University of Wrzburg under contract with the European Commission.) en vista de que: in view of the fact that (This forum was of particular importance in view of the fact that 60% of the population is under 26 years of age and this group constitutes the first generation to grow up in peacetime and in a rapidly changing society.) en: by (empleado para mostrar medidas o cantidades): (prices increased by 12%) / (Financial market fees increased by more than 7% as activity rebounded, and revenues from banking services increased as well, reflecting a resurgence in corporate activity. encaje bancario: bank reserves (Bank reserves serve two purposes: they allow banks to pay depositors on demand, and they play a role in monetary policy.) encaje legal: reserve requirements (Excludes reserve requirements on f/x deposits and various government deposits in f/x at the central bank.); legal reserve (The legal reserve in national currency was lowered from 17% to 15% in October 2008.) encaminado a: aimed at (The measures are aimed at preserving family life.)

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encaminarse a: head for (For 2010 as a whole, the Canadian economy is headed for growth of 3.1%.) encarar: face (the similarities between the problems that Cuba is facing today in relation to those faced by Vietnam since 1986) encargado de : in charge of (Three SOCBs [Banco Metropolitano, Banco de Crdito y Comercio, and Banco Popular de Ahorro] are in charge of providing the new loans and financial services.) encargado de tomar decisiones: decision-maker (A market for information and possibilities that no decision-maker should miss.) encargarse de: undertake to (I undertook to help him learn English.); deal with (We have to deal with problems as they arise.); take over (She took over management of this department last winter). encauzar/canalizar/dirigir: channel (Pursuing its social vision, Banco Improsa continued with its approach of channeling the funds of major investors into small and medium enterprises with limited financing capacity.) encomiar: commend (Lamos should be commended for creating important opportunities for minority actors.) encubrir/ocultar/esconder/disimular: conceal (The excessive value of the Cuban peso conceals subsidies as well as an artificially profitable group of companies on the one hand and a deceptively unprofitable group (especially exporters) on the other.); hide (He said nothing is wrong, but I think he's hiding something.) endeudamiento: indebtedness (This development in the labour market will counsel prudence to households, whose indebtedness leaves them vulnerable to a rise in interest rates) endosante: endorser (The category of Endorser is open to organizations of any size as well as to individuals.) endosatario: endorsee ( the endorsee must register the same in order to exercise his rights.) endoso limitado: qualified endorsement (With a qualified endorsement, the endorser will not assume any responsibility for paying the check if it is returned for any reason.) enfatizar: emphasize (She emphasized the importance of good nutrition.) enfocar: approach (We should approach this problem logically.) enfoque radical: big bang approach (The changeover in Slovenia confirms the relevance of the "Big-bang" approach for future entrants, in particular for smaller countries.) enfoque: approach (to adopt a different approach to the problem) / (a new and original approach to the problem) enfrentar problemas financieros: face financial problems (The new rules should guarantee that SME's no longer face financial problems due to the late payment of invoices addressed to public authorities or to companies ) enfrentar: face (They are faced with major financial problems.); face up to (We have to face up to the fact that there has not been full cooperation ...); confront (I had to confront many dangers.); tackle (There are many ways of tackling this problem.) enfrentarse a: deal with (We have to deal with problems as they arise.) / (Alternatives policies to deal with crisis ) engaoso: deceptive (Appearances can be very deceptive.) enmienda: amendment (As in all contractual relationships, proposed amendments have to be notified beforehand.) enorgullecerse de: take pride in (The United Nations should take pride in being subject to more public scrutiny; reform must be an ongoing effort.) enorme/inmenso: huge (The currency and exchange rate duality has huge costs for the entrepreneurial system.) enormemente/inmensamente: vastly (I think the original movie was vastly superior to the remake.); enormously (it is enormously expensive); beyond measure (our knowledge has increased beyond measure) enseanza media superior/educacin media superior: upper secondary education (Upper secondary education (ISCED 3) corresponds to the final stage of secondary education in most OECD countries.) enseanza superior/educacin superior : tertiary education (Investment in tertiary education has also increased.); higher education (European higher education must be acknowledged to be of high quality and in line with the needs) enseres y equipos de oficina: fixtures and office equipment (Plant and equipment used by mining, oil, and construction activities; except furniture and fixtures and office equipment.) entablar un pleito contra/emprender acciones legales contra: take a legal action against (He worked with Congress to regulate monopolies and take legal action against companies that violated the law. entidad con cometido especial/entidad de cometido especial/entidad de propsito especial: special purpose entity (A Special Purpose Entity (SPE) is an entity set up for a specific purpose or limited duration.) entidad financiera: financial institution (We must not forget the role played by financial institutions.)

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entidades presupuestadas: budgeted entities (The economic relations between enterprises, budgeted entities and the ...) entonces: thereupon (Thereupon the German government was prepared to reduce by one third the national aid) entorno econmico: economic environment (the EU's economic environment will also undergo changes over the next five years.) entorno financiero: financial environment (The resulting yield curve has delivered a financial environment very significantly supportive to economic recovery.) entorno: environment (a good business environment) entrada de remesas: entry of remittances (the entry of remittances into this country reached some US$4.023 billion. ...) entrada en vigor: entry into force (Two years after the entry into force of this Regulation.) entradas de: incoming (Furthermore, all operators must provide evidence of clear weekly accounts showing all incoming and outgoing milk and cheese.) entrante: coming (We look forward to even greater success in the coming year.); incoming (If so, identify the incoming and outgoing auditor.) entrar en crisis: go into crisis (after Greece comes Hungary and who knows who else, the whole European system might go into crisis.) entrar en vigor: enter into force (The Treaty of Lisbon has been ratified and must enter into force as soon as possible.); come into effect ( a unanimous vote and that it will come into effect very soon); come into force ( that we have to wait for this agreement to come into force.); take effect entrar en: enter (Since 2010, the Cuban economy has entered a new period of economic reform ) Entre la espada y la pared.: Between the devil and the deep blue sea. entre otros factores: among other factors (Since 1985 the armed conflict in Colombia, among other factors, has resulted in the displacement of between two to three million Colombians.) entrega contra reembolso: cash on deliver (C.O.D.) (Unless otherwise stated, all sales are made on a C.O.D. (cash on delivery) or C.I.A. (cash in advance) basis, at the Seller's option.) entrega de tierras en usufructo: delivery of lands in usufruct (These initiatives were accompanied by measures such as the delivery of lands in usufruct and the expansion of self-employed workers ) entregar en mano: deliver by hand entregar: deliver (...to deliver banking services that meet my exact needs.) / (Personal Bankings mission is to deliver a full range of financial products and services...); hand over (This evening the outgoing Parliament is handing over to the new Parliament) enunciar: state (The 25-29 guidelines clearly state that will create cooperatives beyond the agricultural sector as well as second degree cooperatives.); enunciate (The administration enunciated a new policy on security issues.) envejecimiento poblacional: population ageing (With regard to the country's demographic composition, the population ageing poses a challenge to social policy.) envergadura: extent (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) equilibrio entre costo y beneficio: balance between cost and benefit (The selected design is an optimal balance between cost and benefit.) equilibrio negociado: negotiated balance (Negotiated Balance of Rights and Obligations in WTO International trade relations came to be regulated within the framework of World Trade Organisation ...) equipo de trabajo: working team ( develop as an effective working team, and consequently have greater impact upon clientele problems.) equivalente a: equivalent to (A mile is equivalent to about 1.6 kilometers.) equivalentes de efectivo: cash equivalentes (Cash equivalents are defined as cash in hand, current accounts and short-term deposits with a maturity less than 3 months which are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.) error: flaw (this report precisely demonstrates the structural flaw at the heart of the European project.); error (the Financial Statements are free of significant errors); mistake (there must be some mistake) errores y omisiones: errors and omissions (These errors and omissions could not have escaped efficient quality control.) es veces mas grande: it is times bigger es casi: be about (it is about time to open) es de: stand at (unemployment stands at three million) / (Operating expenses stood at $2,811 million in 2010, ...)

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es esencial: ; is essential (A knowledge of Spanish is essential for this job.); is of the essence (I feel that it is of the essence to eliminate from this debate any demagogic and stormy rhetoric styling ) es ms: what is more (What is more, it is cut out for them.); moreover (he discovered, moreover, that this was not the first time) Es ms fcil decir que hacer: It is easier said than done. es por ello que: it is therefore that (It is therefore that I have written the book URBAN ECOLOGY, which is composed of 30 short stories.) es posible que se/es probable que se: is likely to be ( the previous trend is likely to be regained.) es que es: is that it is (The most fascinating part of the entire book is that it is true.) esbozar: outline (The Guidelines have a section on monetary and exchange rate policy that outlines the intended changes for implementation in that field.) escala salarial: salary scale (There is a basic salary scale for each grade, divided into a number of steps.); wage scale (The wage scale in the civil service sector shows no difference in wages between the sexes.) escalada: escalation (This situation is deteriorating due to the international escalation of food prices. escasez de vivienda: housing shortage (The scheme is likely to address the problem of housing shortage by providing cost-effective technology options for those who...); (California's housing shortage is not so severe) escasez: shortage (There is a severe shortage of low-cost housing in the city.); lack (German managers say lack of qualified personnel is becoming the biggest challenge for Europes biggest economy.) escatimar: spare (No effort is spared as we constantly strive to reach new heights, ) escenario monetario y financiero: monetary and financial scene (The Cuban monetary and financial scene is currently reduced to an economy based on two currencies the Cuban peso and the convertible peso, ...) escenario: scene (He disappeared from the political scene after failing to win reelection.) Escoba nueva barre bien: A new broom sweeps clean. escritura de constitucin: deed of constitution (The collective partners are to figure in the deed of constitution.); articles of association (Additional conditions and further restrictions may be set out in the articles of association.) escritura notarial/escritura pblica: notarial deed (A notarial deed is required to establish a professional partnership.) escritura/contrato/instrumento formal: indenture (Indenture is a contract between an issuer of bonds and the bondholder stating the time period before repayment, amount of interest paid, if the bond is convertible (and if so, at what price or what ratio), if the bond is callable and the amount of money that is to be repaid.) esencia: essence (the essence of his philosophy) esencial: essential (A knowledge of Spanish is essential for this job.) esencialmente/en esencia: in essence (In essence, she's saying that she may quit her job.) esforzarse por conseguir: pursue (The government decides to pursue happiness, not just economic gross. esforzarse por: strive for (We strive for achieving zero injuries and zero incidents in our workplace.); strive to (No effort is spared as we constantly strive to reach new heights, ) esfuerzo: endeavor (in spite of our best endeavors) especializarse en: specialize in (other financial institutions that solely specialize in serving this market segment.( especialmente: mostly (Current shortages, concerning mostly merchant marine officers, do not, however, affect all Member States to the same extent.) especies en vas de extincin: endangered species especular: speculate (He made his money speculating in the gold and silver markets.) esperanza de vida al nacer: life expectancy at birth (In countries with high infant mortality rates, the life expectancy at birth is highly sensitive to the rate of death in the first few years of life.) esperanza de vida: life expectancy (The life expectancy of the population is low: 52 years for men and 55 years for women) esperar (con atencin;con inters) look forward to (I look forward to hearing your reply later on.) / (I am looking forward to seeing this draft law implemented.) esperar: expect (to think or believe that something will happen)/ (We expect to see a similar increase in contract prices in); hope (to express the feeling or wish that something desired will happen) / (I'm hoping the company gives us a bonus this year.) / (We hope to see you soon.); wait (to allow time to go by, esp. without doing much, until something happens or can happen) / (Several people are waiting to use the phone.)

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espritu de cuerpo/sentido de pertenencia: esprit de corps [the proud and comfortable feeling that you are a member of a group whose purpose you believe in] / (People who live on houseboats have a certain esprit de corps.) espritu de equipo: team spirit (cooperation and team spirit) estabilidad macroeconmica: macroeconomic stability (Niger has made significant progress in restoring macroeconomic stability and liberalizing its economy.) establecer la fecha: set the date (The agreement does not, however, set the date for the elections.) establecer los procedimientos: establish procedures (Establish procedures to ensure the independence and professionalism of the External Auditors ) establecer una lnea de crdito: establish a line of credit (requires a security deposit in order to be able to establish a line of credit.) establecer: establish (It is up to governments to establish coherent education policies.); enact (Will Congress enact legislation to restrict gun ownership?; ascertain (It is not enough to ascertain the existence of the deficit ) establecido en: set out in (In accordance with the procedure set out in the Regulations of the Registry ) establecimiento: premise (Soon every dwelling or business premise in Murcia will be connected to a water treatment plant, ) establecimientos comerciales/locales comerciales: business premises (In total, over a thousand houses were damaged, and the destruction of factories and business premises meant that many people lost their livelihoods.) estadsticas demogrficas: demographic statistics (The key objective for demographic statistics will be to provide the comprehensive set of data and analyses necessary to assess the implications of demographic change ) estadsticas vitales: vital statistics (Life expectancy can be calculated from vital statistics on deaths if reporting is complete.) estado cliente/pas cliente: client state (Client state is one of several terms used to describe the subordination of one state to a more powerful state in international affairs.) estado consolidadado de ganancias y prdidas: consolidated statement of income (Instruments classified as held for trading are measured at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recognized in consolidated statement of income.) estado de cuentas consolidado: Consolidated Balance Sheet (Cash and deposits with financial institutions totalled $2.3 billion as at October 31, 2010, virtually unchanged from the Consolidated Balance Sheet amount of 2009.) estado de flujo de caja: cash flow statement (In a cash flow statement, the focus is on the timing of receipt and disbursement of cash, regardless of when the income was earned or the ) estado de movimiento de capital: capital movement statement (The Company prepared a full set of financial documentation: balance sheet, profit and loss statement, cash flow statement and capital movement statement.) estado de movimiento de utilidades retenidas: statement of movement of retained earnings (Acergy S.A. and subsidiaries. Statement of movement of retained earnings. For three months ended february 28, ...) estado de origen y aplicacin de fondos: state of origin and application of funds (The State of Origin and Application of funds allow managers, administrators and managers analyze historical sources and uses of funds. ...) estado de prdidas y ganancias: profit and loss statement ( by your financial backers on classic financial measures: the balance sheet, the profit and loss statement, and the cashflow statement.) estado de resultados: profit and loss statement (We have a team of advisors who draft the microenterprise's balance sheet, their budget, profit and loss statement, cash flow and determine their capacity for growth.); income statement (A business plan includes an income statement, balance sheet, and a cash flow statement.) estado de situacin financiera: statement of financial position (A business plan should include a statement of financial activity, a statement of financial position, and a cash flow statement.) estado financiero: financial statement (other currencies are converted into euros at the United Nations operational rate of exchange in effect at the date of the financial statement.); financial statements consolidated Estado Parte: State Party (Cuba is a State Party to the 13 existing international conventions on terrorism, ) Estados en Bancarrota de Amrica: Bankrupt States of America (Welcome to the Bankrupt States of America, where 80 of your paycheck will go to Federal Government to pay for lazy ass slackers who don't want to get a job.) estados financieros consolidados: consolidated financial statements (we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.) estados financieros: financial statements ( that audits be planned and performed to obtain reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free of material misstatement.) estamos adjuntando: we are attaching (For that reason we are attaching a short guide explaining how) estancamiento: stagnation (High costs have caused stagnation in the building industries.)

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estancarse: stagnate (The Cuban economy has stagnated since 2008, and is suffering a domestic financial crisis.) estndar de comparacin: benchmark (In contrast to other Asian funds, F&Cs does not depend much on benchmarks.) estar a punto de: be about to (I think he might well be about to bring Parliament good news from Greece.) estar acorde con: be in line with (This definition should be in line with the definition used by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO)); be attuned to estar al frente: be in the drivers seat (Emerging economies are in the drivers seat.) estar al tanto de: to be acquainted with (We want the young students to be acquainted with at least some of the tourist highlights of their home country so that they will be able to answer all...) estar casi: be just (be just ready) estar compenetrado con: be attuned to estar complacido de: to be pleased with (The Board of Directors is pleased with National Banks financial performance in fiscal 2010.) estar en aumento: be on the rise (It should be noted, however, that detection of such crimes is on the rise.) estar en consonancia con: be in line with (Those rules should be in line with today's priorities,) estar en marcha: underway/under way (Work is currently underway to upgrade production technologies to international standards, ) / (Economic recovery is already under way.) estar en sintona con: be attuned to (allows it to be attuned to the important issues that may require examination.) estar estrechamente relacionado con: go hand in hand with estar facultado a: be entitled to (banks will be entitled to use tier 3 capital solely to support market risks) estar familiarizado con: to be acquainted with (In addition, it is important to be acquainted with regulation on the ...) estar orgulloso de: take pride in (It is important that young people take pride in their intangible heritage.) estar satisfecho con: to be pleased with (The Board of Directors is pleased with National Banks financial performance in fiscal 2010.) estar satisfecho de: to be pleased with (The Board of Directors is pleased with National Banks financial performance in fiscal 2010.) estar vigente/tener vigencia: be in effect (Winter parking rules are in effect (= must be obeyed).) estatal: state-owned (Norfund is a state-owned company established by law with limited liability.); state (Accordingly, given that state aid and regional policy are complementary, they need ...) estilo: style (The book is written in the style of an 18th-century novel.); approach (It would be difficult to find two men more diverse in their approach.) estimacin: estimate (I can only make a rough estimate (= an amount that is not exact) of how many people will attend.); estimation (The estimation may be produced by means of a model.) estimaciones de/estimaciones para: estimations for (Two estimations for these values are presented, both with ) / (In the statistical appendix the observed information is presented, estimations for 2006 and perspectives for 2007) estimar: deem (When a loan is deemed impaired, interest ceases to be recorded ) / (The president asked Congress for authority to take whatever steps he deemed necessary, including the use of force.) estimular (economa, produccin, comercio, un proceso): boost (We took various steps to try to boost sales.) estimular la produccin nacional: boost (Property taxes can also help to boost domestic production,); stimulate domestic production (Develop and implement competition policies that will help stimulate domestic production while safeguarding consumer welfare,) encourage domestic production (has some discretion about how far to encourage domestic production...) estipular: provide (Many loan agreements provide that the interest rate will change.) estoy adjuntando: I am enclosing (I am enclosing a copy for your convenience.) estragos: ravages (They survived the ravages of disease and malnutrition.) estrategia a largo plazo: long term strategy (We evidently need a medium and long term strategy.) estrategia de desarrollo: strategy of development (Strategy of Development of Transport Sector in the Republic of Azerbaijan.) estrategia: approach (The Banks approach to controlling these diverse risks begins with optimizing diversification of its exposures.) estructura bancaria nacional: domestic banking structure (In both Asia and Latin America, limited availability of capital from domestic sources and an inefficient domestic banking structure were important motivations for opening up banking systems.)

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estructura etaria/por edades: age structure (This age structure presents a potential asset for economic development.) estructura financiera: financial set up (The financial set-up of the Project consists of a 26-year bank advance for an amount of Euro 344 million and) estudiante universitario (no graduado an): undergraduate = (a student at a college or university who has not yet received a bachelor's degree) (The U.S. undergraduate classroom environment is generally one where students are expected to actively participate in the learning experience.) etctera/etc.: so forth (UNESCO, as a laboratory of ideas, standard-setting organization, and so forth, derived from the three main strategic thrusts.); etc. (The title is distinct from the subject (landscape, portrait, still-life, etc. are subjects) evaluacin del riesgo de crdito: credit risk assessment (The credit risk assessment method varies according to portfolio type.) evaluacin: appraisal (I was pleased with the appraisal of my work.); assessment (Credit-granting decisions are based first and foremost on the results of the risk assessment.) evaluar: assess (The Bank assesses the specific risk of the shares held in its trading portfolios using an internal model.); weigh (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) evasin fiscal: fiscal evasion (Legal control would be facilitated; this would particularly contribute to reducing fiscal evasion. eventualmente: possibly (These are times of change, economic crisis, social crisis and possibly political crisis.); by chance ( evidente: self-evident (So when it was time to choose a bank that was most capable of serving his companies well, the decision was selfevident.) evitar: refrain from (A covenant is a solemn agreement to engage in or refrain from a specified action.) evolucin: development (The Bank views risk as an integral part of its development and the diversification of its activities) / (I took a history course that dealt with the development of popular culture.) exacto/exacta: accurate (the credit risk represented by the borrower or counterparty must be accurately assessed) examinar: examine (an audit includes examining); vet (Before we signed this contract, our lawyer vetted it.); screen (Screen and assess the complaint.) excedente de explotacin: operating surplus (In the event of a predetermined operating surplus, 70 % of it would be used to pay back the aid granted previously.) excelente: outstanding (You've done an outstanding job) excepcionales condiciones reinantes: exceptional conditions prevailing (Notes that, despite the exceptional conditions prevailing in 1973, ) exclusivamente: solely (banks will be entitled to use tier 3 capital solely to support market risks) exclusivo/exclusiva/solo/sola/nico/nica: sole (for the sole purpose of meeting a proportion of the capital requirements for market risks) exhaustivo/exhaustiva: exhaustive (Many thanks for that very good and very exhaustive reply.); comprehensive (Instead, we should continue to carry out a comprehensive case-by-case risk analysis.) exigir: call for (The proposal calls for sweeping changes in public land use.) existente: existing (The Bank strives to serve all the financial needs and maintain the loyalty of its existing clients.) xito en todos los sentidos: (... the strong and active dedication of members of the current College is anything to go by we will achieve success in all respects.) xito: success (On behalf of the executive management team, I wish to acknowledge their high level of engagement and thank them for their hard work and contribution to the Banks success.) experiencia reconocida: acknowledged expertise (The Member States have acknowledged expertise in the field of military shipbuilding.) experiencia: background; a background in (A background in emergency management is useful in a leadership position.) experimentar: undergo (He recently underwent heart bypass surgery.) explicar: account for (One day, we will have to account for the own goals in which the EU excels.); show (The diagram shows how to fit the pieces together.) expoliacin: plundering (the opulent North would seem to be finally starting to compensate the South for so many years of plundering.) exponer: set out (Your contract sets out the terms and conditions of your employment.); show (go a bit deeper still if we are to show cause and effect as they really are.) exportacin de servicios profesionales: export of professional services ( a growth model based on the export of profesional services with a low multiplying effect.)

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exportacin: export (In case of export or import, please specify the exporting or importing country(ies).) exportador de matera prima: raw material exporter ( which would make countries like Brazil, Chile, Argentina or Venezuela become the main raw materials exporters to China.) exportar: export (Chile exports a large amount of copper to Japan.) exposiciones problemticas: problematic exposures (Need to recognize problematic exposures in an early stage? Wish to up-sell to good clients? Predict the probability of default using behavioral approach on ...) expresado en miles de: stated in thousands of (Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Stated in thousands of Canadian dollars except per share amounts ); expressed in thousands of (and the related consolidated statements of operations and of cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2003 all expressed in thousands of constant Chilean pesos.) expresar: voice (Conservative groups voiced strong objections to the TV film about nuclear war.) extensin: extent (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) extraccin de agua dulce: freshwater withdrawal ( irrigated agriculture uses 70 per cent of freshwater withdrawal globally.) extrahotelera/extrahotelero: non-hotel ( before a packed audience comprising over one hundred businessmen and directors from the tourism industry, particularly the hotel and non-hotel.) (INICIO)

F facilitar: bring about (We support Egyptian efforts to bring about a cessation of violence, particularly in Gaza, ); furnish (Please furnish quantitative and descriptive information on the progress realized and the ...) fcilmente: easily (Send text messages cheaply and easily with goober.) factibilidad: feasibility (Feasibility studies will be conducted in those areas ...) factible: feasible (That too is feasible) / (It's no longer feasible to fund this research.) factores internos: domestic factors (Chinese monetary policy is driven more by domestic factors than by external ones,) factoring (factorizacin): factoring (The report suggested that factoring is specifically targeted and suitable for smaller businesses.) facultades suficientes: sufficient powers (In practice, the anti-corruption agency (or agencies) has sufficient powers to carry out its mandate.) facultar: authorize (To authorize the Board of Directors, as broadly as possible, to exercise the authorization granted by this resolution ); empower (It was also to empower the group to organise credit facilities.); entitle (banks will be entitled to use tier 3 capital solely to support market risks) fallar en contra de: rule against (which was supported by the decision of the World Trade Organizaton Dispute Settlement Panel that ruled against the United States) fallecido/difunto (especialmente cuando es reciente): late (She gave her late husband's clothes to charity.) fallo (judicial): ruling (Lenard must hold a new hearing to issue that ruling.) fallo: flaw (The system has a structural flaw, they argued.) falsear: misrepresent (He misrepresented facts about his legal experience on his application.) falsedad: misrepresentation (That is a vile misrepresentation.) falta de liquidez: illiquidity ( at least since 2002, has been characterised by continuous illiquidity and insolvency, increasing losses and negative asset value.); lack of liquidity (As you know, the lack of liquidity and uncertain economic outlook had a heavy impact on financial markets in 2008.) falta de vivienda: homelessness (Government documents provide a source of information on homelessness.) falta: lack (German managers say lack of qualified personnel is becoming the biggest challenge for Europes biggest economy.) favorecer: encourage (The visa facilitation agreement will help encourage contacts between the peoples of the EU and Russia.); favor (Fazio was looking to favor a concentration of banking capital in the hands of upstart Italian capitalists ); facilitate (And when this is done, we must immediately facilitate the utilisation of available funds.) favoreciendo as: thus favoring (shipping costs have been increasing, thus favoring the location of manufacturing facilities closer to retail

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outlets.) fecha de vencimiento: due date (This due date shall be the last day of the second month following the issuing of the order.); maturity date (Bank acceptances have a maturity date of up to one (1) year) fecha lmite/fecha tope: deadline (The deadline for filing income taxes is April 15th.) fechado/fechada: dated (This letter is in response to your letter dated) fenmeno econmico: economic phenomenon (We can also expect to improve understanding of economic phenomenon ) fenmenos econmicos: economic phenomena (Both economic phenomena could be taken into account only in the context of the elaboration of ...) feria comercial: trade fair (Members of the purchasing committee were taken to an international trade fair in Delhi ) feriado oficial/festivo oficial: legal holiday (A legal holiday is a day on which government offices and many businesses are closed.) fiabilidad: reliability ( the accounting methods and financial reporting shall reflect economic reality, shall be transparent and shall respect the qualitative characteristics of understandability, relevance, reliability and comparability.) fianzas y garantas: bonding and guarantees (We have a range of bonding and guarantee solutions, offered in partnership with financial institutions, which can help you to free up the working capital you need.) fideicomiso: trust (Trusts are not a recognized legal concept under Norwegian law.) fideicomisos financieros: financial trusts (Financial Trusts have acquired a lot of importance in our country in the last few years.) fidelidad/lealtad: loyalty (The Bank strives to serve all the financial needs and maintain the loyalty of its existing clients.) fiduciario: fiduciary (Much of this success is due to the fact that Banco Improsa is the primary fiduciary for many of the countrys banks ) figurar: rank (Sylvia ranks in the top 5 percent in her class.) fijacin de precios: pricing (Pricing Methods. To determine prices of goods or services, and to help, you decide what to charge for your product.); price-fixing fijar la fecha: set the date ( the Greek authorities confirm that they initially set the date of 31 December 1999 for the completion of the investment plan.) fijar: set (The Central Bank sets minimum and maximum interest rate ranges.) finalmente pero no menos importante: last but not least (And, last but not least, education is absolutely essential.) finalmente: eventually (The plan seemed initially attractive but it was eventually dropped) financiacin extranjera: foreign financing (Countries remain heavily dependant on foreign financing.); foreign funding (Most of the projects stopped when foreign funding dried up.) financiacin: financing (these businesses had greater access to markets for their financing needs.); funding (Better coordination of these funding sources will contribute to increasing the performance of both financing bodies ...) financiamiento al consumo: consumer financing (Other important activities include consumer financing, financing of distributors or intermediaries and small and medium enterprises (SME s).); consumer finance (This project involves providing consumer finance and working capital finance to micro, small and medium-size enterprises ) financiamiento corporativo: corporate financing (CIT is a global leader in corporate financing services and corporate finance solutions.) financiamiento de corto, mediano y largo plazo: short-, mdium-, and long-term financing (Ex-Im Bank can provide short-, medium-, and long-term financing for renewable energy projects that utilize U.S.-made technologies and services.) financiamiento del exterior: foreign funding (It is also reasonable for governments to regulate foreign funding of civil society groups in order to promote greater transparency, ) financiamiento externo: external financing (Definition of external financing: Money obtained from outside investors and lenders and not from a firm's internal reserves.) financiamiento extranjero: foreign financing (Foreign financing conditions have become more restrictive due to a deteriorating external scenario and growing risk ...) financiamiento presupuestario: budgetary financing (Subsidies for loss-making enterprises will be eliminated and, as a norm, enterprises will not receive budgetary financing for the production of goods and services.) financiamiento: financing (The 97.5 % of a gross balance of loan portfolio amounting to 14,435.7 million pesos corresponds to financings granted for institutional customers.); funding financiar: finance: (How will you finance a new house (= provide the money to obtain it)?) financiero/financiera: financial (financial institution); (financial management); (financial problems) / (National Bank Financial Group is an

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integrated provider of financial services to retail, commercial, corporate and institutional clients. ) finanzas informales: informal finance (This would avoid a proliferation of informal finance.) finanzas: finance (The finance sector controls trillions of dollars that could potentially be directed towards investments in a green economy.) firmar un contrato/suscribir un contrato: sign a contract (For this purpose, the Head of Mission shall sign a contract with the Commission.) firmar: sign (For the Partnership business, a total of 25 new distribution agreements were signed with various brokers/dealers, ...) firme: unwavering (My country gives its unwavering support to the peace process and the agreements...); sound (business development initiatives are accompanied by a constant concern for sound risk management.) ; tight (Tight cost management also contributed to our results and remains a strategic priority.) flete: freight (I voted in favour of liberalising the freight market because freight was not working.) floreciente: booming (One need only look at the booming Chinese economy to see proof of this.) flujo de caja/flujo de efectivo: cash flow (In a cash flow statement, the focus is on the timing of receipt and disbursement of cash, regardless of when the income was earned) flujo de capitales: flow of capitals (Its strict regulations, based on treaties and international laws, its dollarization, open flow of capitals and economic stability,) flujo de entrada: inflow (These measures resulted in the inflow of cash dollars dropping from 80% to 30%,...) flujo de remesas: flow of remittances (promote greater contact between separated family members in the United States and Cuba, and increase the flow of remittances and information to the Cuban people.) flujos de efectivo de actividades de financiacin: cash flows from investing activities (Cash flows from financing activities: these include the proceeds received as a result of the acquisition by third parties of securities issued by the Company or from loans and other financing instruments granted by banks or third parties, together with the payments made to repay such loans and financing instruments.) flujos de efectivo de actividades de inversin: cash flows from investing activities (Noteworthy in relation to the cash flows from investing activities was the volume of investments in Group companies, associates, jointly controlled entities and available-for-sale financial assets (equity instruments), ) flujos de efectivo/ flujos de caja: cash flows (The statement of cash flows is one of the main financial statements.)

flujos netos de efectivo de actividades de financiacin: net cash flows from financing activities (During the nine months ended January 25, 2009, our net cash flows from financing activities were used to repay $9.7 ...) flujos netos de efectivo de actividades de inversin: net cash flows from investing activities (Equipment purchases are shown under the net cash flows from investing activities section.) fomentar: boost (We took various steps to try to boost sales.), foster (by fostering an environment of low interest rates); promote (A new campaign has been launched to promote safe driving.) ; encourage (The city needs to encourage job creation.) fondo de comercio: goodwill (The Bank performs an annual impairment test of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives.) fondo de inversin estatal: state investment fund (In April will begin the works included in the State Investment Fund (18/03/2009).) fondo de pensiones: pension fund (A pension fund has an obligation to be generally acceptable.) Fondo de Reservas y Convergencia Comercial: Fund of Reserves and Trade Convergente (The Fund of Reserves and Trade Convergence is the third instrument to settle the payments for that purpose, Sucres will be assigned in ...) fondo habitacional: housing stock ( the illegal construction utilizing low quality materials and techniques have affected the characteristics of the housing stock.); accommodation stock (Repairing of social housing units and social institutions and rehabilitation and conservation of the accommodation fund.) Fondo Monetario Internacional: International Monetary Fund fondo mutualista/fondo mtuo: mutual fund (Mutual fund shares may be accepted by the Foundation.) fondos de cobertura: hedge funds (Hedge funds may represent a source of counterparty risk for financial institutions which lend to them.) fondos de inversin libre: hedge funds (It has also consulted specifically on a series of issues relating to the activities of hedge funds.) fondos de inversin: investment funds (As a result, the Bank must consolidate special purpose entities that were not consolidated prior to the IFRS transition date, including NBC Capital Trust, Canadian Credit Card Trust, and certain investment funds.) fondos disponibles: available funds (From now on, the management of all available funds is the responsibility of the respective...) fondos propios: equity capital (It is only when it has sufficient recognised equity capital that a bank can do business and expand its ...)

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forjar: forge (Our focus in this phase is the simplification of internal processes and the implementation of an advanced sales and service platform that will support front-line employees in forging stronger customer relationships.) forma de propiedad: form of ownership (Is its significance altered in any way by the form of ownership?) forma socialista de propiedad colectiva: socialist form of collective property (First-grade cooperatives are created as a socialist form of collective property in different sectors, ) formado por: composed of (The management board shall be composed of the representatives of the infrastructure managers); made up of (The Board is assisted by three committees made up entirely of independent members: the Audit and Risk Management Committee, the Conduct Review and Corporate Governance Committee, and the Human Resources Committee.) formar parte de: party to (Tunisia is a state party to the six core United Nations human rights treaties.) formas de gestin no estatales: non-state forms of management (Introduce non-state forms of management in commerce, above all in food services and in domestic services and tradespeople.) formas de gestin: forms of management (This requires the formulation and implementation of strategies and new forms of management that ensure efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness.); ways of management (UNESCO should furthermore seek new ways of management,); methods of management (Distinguishing between the two methods of management enables each to be defined more succinctly.) formas empresarial no estatales: non-state business forms (Other non-state business forms, such as private enterprises, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and foreign-invested enterprises, joint-stock cooperative, joint, collective enterprises,) formas no estatales: non-state forms (Why SOEs [state owned enterprises] have grown so slowly while non-state forms of ownerships have flourished? fortalecer: reinforce (reinforce the administrative structures for the coordination); buoy (Growth will be buoyed by the emerging economies.) fortalecido: reinforced (The capitalist restoration has reinforced competition within the world working class as hundreds of millions of workers reenter the world market.) fortalezas y debilidades: strengths and weakenesses (Where possible, competitors must be listed and their strengths and weaknesses identified.) fracturar: fracture (It is not intended that changes happen all at once, fracturing the macroeconomic and institutional stability of the country.) frenar/refrenar: curb (You've got to learn to curb your temper.) freno: curb (put a curb on) frente a: versus (Personal loans now account for 35.5% of total loans versus 34.3% in 2009.) fuentes de financiacin: funding sources (Emphasis will be placed on the diversification of funding sources.) fuentes renovables de energa: renewable energy sources (This criterion only applies to tourist accommodation that has access to a market that offers energy generated from renewable energy sources.) fuerte: tough (Tough new safety standards for cars are being introduced this week.); robust ( a robust industrial production) fuerza de trabajo especializada/fuerza de trabajo calificada: skilled workforce (The country has become a service-based economy a highly beneficial change given the faster growth of the service industries, lower energy consumption and better use of the skilled workforce.) fuerza de trabajo intelectual: thinking workforce(developing a 'forward thinking workforce able to contribute to the future of the business'.); intellectual workforce (the determination to tap an abundant intellectual workforce that is cheap, perfectly trained, and available in the country)

fuerza motriz: driving force (Business investment was a driving force of the recovery.) fuga de capitales: capital flight (Capital flight, where it occurs, is a major hindrance to the mobilization of domestic resources for development.) fuga de cerebros/robo de cerebros: brain drain (To avoid flows of capital and a brain drain towards the rich countries, new arrangements for the transfer of knowledge need to be devised very quickly.) funcin esencial: vital role (It plays a vital role in the resolution of issues of operational cooperation.) funcin vital: vital role (In particular, the biotech sector plays a vital role in integrating explorations of new research opportunities ) funcionamiento integral: overall operation ( the overall operation of the payment system.)

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funcionarios: officers (The Bank grants loans to its directors and officers under various conditions.) funciones y atribuciones: functions and powers (This article establishes the functions and powers of the Executive Director, ) funciones: functions (The Office of the President, which is composed of the President and Chief Executive Officer and the officers responsible for the Banks main functions and business units, ) fundamental: fundamental (We need to make fundamental changes in the way we treat our environment.); basic (We help with basic needs like food and shelter.); primary (The primary goal of the space flight was to recover a satellite.) fundamentos macroeconmicos: macro economic fundamentals (Third, the macro-economic fundamentals were quite healthy in most East Asian economies.) funesto/funesta: dire (Despite dire warnings from the experts regarding the consequences of this global problem) (INICIO) G

Gabinete (ministerial): Cabinet (The Cabinet of the United States is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the Federal government of the United States) Gaceta Oficial de Cuba: Official Gazette of Cuba gama de servicios/variedad de servicios/seleccin de servicios: range of services (National Bank Financial Group offers a complete range of services: ) gama/variedad/seleccin: range (We offer a wide range of options.) ganadera (crianza): stockbreeding ganado a duras penas/ganado con esfuerzo/ganado con mucha dificultad: hard-won (During the last years, a series of hard-won improvements in the Cuban economy have been aimed at achieving sustained growth,) ganado: livestock (We live in an area in which livestock, poultry, and dairy farming predominate.) ganancia acumulada hasta la fecha: year-to-date profit (The report includes information about the current year-to-date profit) ganancia antes de impuestos: profit before taxes (the Community industry should yield a profit before taxes of 5 %.) ganancia bruta: gross profit (The gross profit can be displayed on the basis of the ratio of the gross profit to the sales price of the item.) ganancia cada vez mayor: ever-increasing profit (transactions on financial markets created the impression of ever-increasing profits.) ganancia cada vez menor: ever-diminishing profit (Vehicle manufacturers and vehicle dealers both face stiffer competition, leading to everdiminishing profit margins.) ganancia creciente: ever-increasing profit (transactions on financial markets created the impression of ever-increasing profits.) ganancia de explotacin: operating profit (Although operating profit fell from 126 million euros to 117 million euros) ganancia de ventas: sales profit (The sender profit center, P1234, reflects the sales made with the sales profit center.) ganancia decreciente: ever-diminishing profit (Vehicle manufacturers and vehicle dealers both face stiffer competition, leading to everdiminishing profit margins.) ganancia del ejercicio: accounting year's profit (In this example the first accounting year's profits are 60000.) ganancia despus de impuestos: profit after taxes (Profit after taxes from continued operations has amounted to 200.2 million euros, which entails an increase of 13.3% with respect to 2005.) ganancia imprevista/ganancia inesperada: windfall (Vietnam had a windfall in the form of oil revenue at the time of the reform.) ganancia neta declarada: declared net profit (the ECB's declared net profit for 2009 amounted to 2,253 million) ganancia neta: net profit (Net profit in the first nine months amounted to 1.792 million euro, ) ganancia operativa: operating profit (Although operating profit fell from 126 million euros to 117 million euros) ganancias netas: net earnings (During 2006, the company increased its revenue, net earnings and margins.) ganancias o prdidas resultantes: gains or losses resulting (gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in results of operations.) ganancias por trabajador: profit per worker (Here we may calculate the rate of profit per worker per day.)

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ganancias retenidas: retained earnings (This increase is principally due to an increase in retained earnings of the foreign subsidiaries and affiliates.); retained profit (The progression of retained profit for the year will take it to a level of FRF in 2006.) ganancias: return; earning; proceeds (All proceeds from the auction hill be donated to charity.) garante: guarantor (Government was important only as facilitator for business and guarantor of debt repayment.) garanta a la vista: demand guarantee (Demand guarantee is a guarantee usually issued by a bank, under which the beneficiary is only required to make a demand. garanta bancaria: bank guarantee (A bank guarantee and a letter of credit are similar in many ways but they're two different things.) / (A bank guarantee is a one-way contract between a bank as the guarantor and a beneficiary as the party to whom a guarantee is made.) garanta en efectivo/garanta accesoria: cash collateral (Cash collateral is the predominant form of collateral used in financial transactions including securities lending, repurchase transactions and ) garanta razonable: reasonable assurance (The audit was planned and performed to obtain reasonable assurance that the accounts are reliable and the underlying transactions are legal and regular.) garanta solidaria: joint guarantee (Securities transferred by reinsured organisation with joint guarantee or substitution ) garanta subsidiaria: collateral (This enables the goods to be used as collateral for a loan.) garanta: collateral (The value of collateral must be, during the entire period of the contract, at least equal to the total value of the financial instruments lent.) garantizar: ensure (the government has ensured the safety of the refugees); gasto laboral por empleado: labour cost per employee (It is defined as an average labour cost per employee in the manufacture of motor vehicles industry group.) gasto salarial: salary expenditure (The salary expenditure in the Romanian public sector will be cut in 2011 down to the 2005 levels of 7.4 percent of gross domestic product, ...); expenditure on salaries (The rapid growth of expenditure on salaries, allowances and pensions in the last three years are the consequences of implementation of the ... ); expenditures on salaries (plural) (In Ontario, expenditures on salaries increased by 9 per cent over the entire ...) gastos acumulados a/ gastos acumulados por pagar: accrued expenses payable (I would use the liability account Accrued Expenses Payable for the accrual type adjusting entries made at the end of the accounting period for items such as ...); accumulated expenses payable (Accumulated expenses payable presented in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31 is summarized as follows.) gastos administrativos: administrative expenses (Administrative expenses in 2008 amounted to 26% of total expenditures.) gastos autorizados/gastos permitidos: allowable expenses (The intent of this list is to indicate some of the allowable and non-allowable expenses.) gastos de administracin: administration expenses (On page 14 of the 2010-2011 budget document, it states that administration expenses are 3.6% of the total budget.) gastos de consumo: consumer expenses (The consumer expenses in the U.S. have registered their smallest increase for the last three months in April.) gastos de operacin: operating expenses (In 2008, the net assets represented a reserve of 9.3 months of operating expenses.) gastos de personal: personnel expenses (Changes in exchange rates raised personnel expenses by 254 million. ...) gastos financieros: financial expenses (Financial expenses include all expenses of the business generated by the possession of capital provided by a third party.) gastos generales: overhead (The overhead is calculated according to the costing sheet in the requirements class.); overheads (Helping to reduce overheads by 400 million.); general expenses (General expenses also cover all other expenditure which has not been taken into account directly under any other heading ...) gastos no autorizados/gastos no permitidos: non-allowable expenses (The intent of this list is to indicate some of the allowable and nonallowable expenses.) gastos operacionales: operational costs (Efforts should also be made to reduce the operational costs related to the liquidation period.); operational expenses (The biggest proportion of these resources is dedicated to institutional capacity-building, but a significant proportion is dedicated to cover the operational expenses ); operational expenditures (Total expenditures, which include such items as capital spending and debt service payments in addition to operational expenditures, ...) gastos operativos: operating expenses (The effective portion is reclassified as operating expenses in net income in the same period as the hedged operating expenses are incurred.) gastos por cargos y comisiones: fee and commission expense (Fee and commission expense consists of fees paid to third parties to

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facilitate transactions between buyers and sellers.) gastos por intereses: interest expense (Interest expense decreased principally due to lower average interest rates.); interest charge (When you enter a bill of exchange receivable, you can also enter collection fees and the data to calculate the interest charge.) gastos por peso de ingreso: expenses per peso of revenue (It is also important to highlight the decrease of the index of cost and expenses per peso of revenue, the accounts due and the energy ...) gastos por provisiones de activos financieros: provision expense for financial assets (No net provision expense for financial assets was recognised during the period.) gastos por servicios: service expenses (The increase in external service expenses was due to higher commercial activity and improved service quality and customer services.) expense for services (Utilities: An expense for services such as gas, electricity, telephone, water and sewer that are provided to your facility for normal use.). gastos varios: miscellaneous expenses (This expenditure corresponds to the miscellaneous expenses incurred during the financial year ) gastos: expenses (The pattern of expenses associated with these assets and liabilities is different.); costs (The Medicare program pays for some medical costs of the elderly; the Medicaid program, for medical costs of low-income families.); expenditure (The first calculation is based on income and expenditure only for the current period.); charge (The User will have to pay the charge for post and packing.); spending (At the same time, the traditional priorities continue to require as much spending as before.); outlays (Outlays for the acquisition of subsidiaries are reduced by the cash and cash equivalents taken over.); outgoing (Authorize the incoming, outgoing and payments budget of the foundation.); outlays (It is immediately applicable and requires no specific budgetary outlays.) General de Ejrcito: Army General general: overall (The overall situation is good.) generar ingresos en divisas: generate foreign exchange earnings (The project will create two hundred direct jobs and generate foreign exchange earnings of $457 million during the first ten years ) generar ingresos: generate revenue (Few projects generate revenue, and, if they do, it is usually during the operation implementation phase only.) gerencial: managerial (Managerial experience in trade associations, both in the coffee sector and other sectors.) gerente de relaciones/director de relaciones: relationship manager (Your relationship manager starts by simplifying things and understanding your specific situation) gestin de capital: capital management (Capital management is an important component of financial management at the Bank.) gestin de fideicomiso: trust management (In 2009, Banco Improsa consolidated its leadership in trust management, occupying first place well above the rest of the Costa Rican banking system. gestin de los recursos: resource management (In organizational studies, resource management is the efficient and effective deployment of an organization's resources when they are needed.) gestin de pagos: payment management (Leading banks are now automating payment management systems.) gestin de patrimonios: wealth management (Advisory and wealth management services for major private clients.) gestin de proyectos econmicos: management of economic projects (The sound planning and management of economic projects is required for the protection of economic values,) gestin de riesgos: risk management (One of the key responsibilities of the Board is to review and assess the Banks risk management capabilities) gestin del riesgo: risk management (Inspection and control constitute risk management measure, which should not be confused with risk assessment.) gestin descentralizada: decentralized management (Today, with the increase in technical cooperation activities and funding, the decentralized management approach faces new challenges.) gestin financiera: financial management (Capital management is an important component of financial management at the Bank.); (...management's support for improving financial management at UNESCO.) gestin macroeconmica: (Macroeconomic management assesses the monetary, exchange rate, and aggregate demand policy framework.) gestin: management (Generation and management of knowledge through culture.) giro bancario: money order (In the event that you pay by check or money order, Morningside cannot process your case until the check or money order is received.) bankers draft (A banker's draft is useful for larger purchases. It is secure because only the named payee can use the draft.); bankers order (Paying through Banker's Order is the most convenient way to

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make regular contributions.) giro en descubierto/sobregiro/saldo deudor: overdraft (Overdraft protection that is linked to a line of credit can be expensive because of interest charges.) / (The Credit Union offers overdraft transfer and overdraft line of credit.) giro postal: money order (According to the available information, Poste's market share in respect of money orders and banker's orders amounted to 16 % in 2008.); postal order (Unemployment benefit will be paid to you by postal order at the end of each week of unemployment.) global: global (Furthermore, by the second half of this century global agricultural productivity may start to decrease.) ;comprehensive (In my report, I wanted to take a responsible, balanced, comprehensive approach.); overall (The overall situation is good.) gobernante: ruling (In April 2011, the Sixth Congress of the ruling Communist Party (PCC)) gobierno de cooperativistas cultos: regime of cultured cooperativists (Lenin put it with characteristic succinctness: socialism is none other than "the regime of cultured cooperativists".) gobierno nacional: national government (The coordination of international aid is led by the national government.) gobierno provincial: provincial government (The provincial government that exercise administrative control over them appoints such officers.) golpe de fortuna: windfall (Vietnam had a windfall in the form of oil revenue at the time of the reform.) gracias en gran parte a: largely thanks to (Largely thanks to the European Parliament, the Community now has significant resources to back up its policies and declarations.) gracias por anticipado: thank you in advance (Thank you in advance for your response to the following questions.) graduado de la enseanza superior: graduate of higher education (higher education is moving towards a mass enrolment system as modern economies become increasingly knowledge intensive and therefore depend more on graduates of higher education, who constitute a 'thinking workforce'; higher education graduate (how to secure maximum employment opportunities for higher education graduates.) graduado universitario: university graduate (One in every 11 citizens is a university graduate and one in eight has technical-professional qualifications.) gran escala (a gran escala/engran escala): large-scale (Large-scale state enterprises formed only a small part of its economy.) gran parte de eso: much of that (Much of that has changed over the years.) gravar a la poblacin con impuestos: burden the people with taxes (We do not want to burden the people with taxes, he said.) gravar con un impuesto: tax (In the real economy, if it is possible to tax a consumer, he or she will always be taxed.) gravar: tax (I don't see why any government would want to tax its people in that way.) gravemente: severely (These measures severely restricted trade, in many cases totally blocking exports.) grupo de trabajo: task force (For this mission LABIOFAM has created a permanent task force, integrated by specialists from different areas.) Grupo Empresarial de la Agroindustria Azucarera: Sugar Agro-Industry Management Group (The sector that was once the motor of Cuba's economy will now be directed by the Sugar Agro-Industry Management Group.); Sugar Agro-Industry Business Group (replacing the Sugar Ministry with the Sugar Agro-industry Business Group with the aim of achieving more efficient management) grupo empresarial: entrepreneurial group (Part of the activities of this summer was the attendance, for the first time, of the LABIOFAM Entrepreneurial Group to the EXPOCUBA trade fair in Havana,); business group (Norwegian Business Group is a non-profit organisation for Norwegian related companies in the United Arab Emirates.) grupo familiar/ncleo familiar: household (She became part of his household.) / (This development in the labour market will counsel prudence to households, whose indebtedness leaves them vulnerable to a rise in interest rates.) guardar algo en la manga: have something up one's sleeve (Mark Williams has a few strategies up his sleeve ) guardar: set aside (The governor wants to set aside (= keep separate and not spend) $50 million for emergencies.); put aside gubernamental: governmental (Indeed, cooperation with governmental and non-governmental institutions both within and outside the region was found to have been significant.) guerra comercial: trade war (they have increased the probability of a U.S.-Chinese trade war that would do considerable damage to both sides.) guerra econmica: economic warfare (an act of economic warfare) (INICIO)

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H habida cuenta de que: in view of the fact that (This forum was of particular importance in view of the fact that 60% of the population is under 26 years of age and this group constitutes the first generation to grow up in peacetime and in a rapidly changing society.) habilidad: ability (Someone with that kind of ability will do well.) habitual: day-to-day (Your day-to-day (= ordinary and regular) responsibilities will include sorting the mail and making appointments.) habla por si mismo/a: speaks for itself (The report deserves credit and speaks for itself.) Hablando del rey de Roma y por la puerta asoma.: Talk of the devil and he will appear. hablan por si mismos/as: speak for themselves (It may be politically incorrect to say so but the facts speak for themselves.) hablar sobre: bring up (I hate to bring up business at lunch.) hacer avances: make inroads into (the company is making inroads into the computer market) / (Some inroads have been made in terms of structural changes.) hacer bajar: bring down (recovery will be slow, and will not generate sufficient employment growth to bring down high unemployment levels.) hacer constar en acta: minute (We shall minute your point of order, Mr Posselt, ); put on the record (I wish to put on the record my support for the Treaty of Nice.); place on record (I should like to place on record, on your behalf, our thanks to the services.) hacer constar: point out (It gives me great pleasure to point out that gross profit amounted ); state hacer cumplir/hacer respetar: enforce (We need to enforce the traffic laws.) hacer efectivo: encash (And cheques are encashed very fast and no fees for cheques!) hacer entrada de dbito: make a debit entry (I authorize CSE to contact the financial institution and make debit entries and adjustments for any credit entries made in error to my account.) hacer frente a: face (They are faced with major financial problems.); deal with (We have to deal with problems as they arise.) (Alternative policies for dealing with the crisis.); confront (The government has refused to confront the problem.) hacer la guerra a la inflacin: wage war on inflation (Consumers really can wage war on inflation.) hacer lo mismo: do likewise (We put up a fence, and other neighbors did likewise.) hacer negocios en: do business in (In 2010, we helped more than 8 200 Canadian companies do business in close to 200 countries. hacer notar: set forth (The board set forth the conditions for her release.); point out (First, we should point out that the confidence shown by investors and creditor banks was one of the main pillars of stability for Grupo Financiero Improsa in 2009.) hacer resaltar: throw into relief; bring into relief (The crisis has brought into relief the weaknesses of the present EU arrangements) hacer un asiento en el debe: make a debt entry (You specify whether you are making a debit or credit entry.) hacer un asiento en el haber: make a credit entry (You specify whether you are making a debit or credit entry.) hacer un contrato con: enter into a contract with (If you doubt whether an individual with whom you are dealing has authority to enter into a contract with you, insist that the contract be reviewed and signed by by the corporation's president.) hacer un trato con: make a deal with (And we will also make a deal with the women's crafts cooperatives to send some knits to the Europes) hacer uso de: deploy (the stimulus they deployed to fight the recession) hacer/llevar a cabo (guerra/campaa): wage (In this war, waged with the most advanced and lethal military technologies) hacerse cargo: take over (... proved impossible to find an investor willing to take over the activity of these firms.) hacia arriba: upward(s)(operators will be tempted to raise prices by unfairly rounding them off upwards.) hasta ahora todo va bien: so far so good (It will be weeks before we have clear details, but markets are telling us, so far so good!); so far, so good hasta ahora: so far (So far, only two Democrats have entered the race for governor.); up to now (The US has up to now injected about 1.2 trillion dollars in its economy.); until now (Until now, we have had five risk categories.); thus far (Thus far, its response has been promising.)

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hasta aqu: up to here (Everything we have said up to here leads us to the conclusion that the essential categories in economics are cash and credit interpersonal exchanges) hasta cierto punto: up to a point (This is very clear both in China and Russia, but is also valid up to a point for some countries of East Europe.); to a certain extent (To a certain extent our strategy proved to be right.); to some degree (To some degree, the banking system obtained independence from fiscal policy ); to a certain degree hasta el momento: so far (So far we have been unable to arrive at acceptable solutions.) hasta la fecha: so far (So far, only two Democrats have entered the race for governor.) hasta la suma de: up to the amount of ( the credit card will be refunded up to the amount of the payment first.) hasta tanto: unless (The request shall not be deemed to be filed until the conversion fee has been paid.) hito: milestone (Therefore it represents an important milestone in the achievement of the Kyoto target.); landmark (The invention of the silicon chip is a landmark in the history of technology.); turning point (Such an event would be a historic turning point in the relations between the two States.); watershed (This is a watershed in the development of Ukraine, but also for the EU.) hoja de ruta: roadmap (The present roadmap identifies the main of these measures and decisions as well as the deadlines ...); road map (There did not seem to be any alternative to returning to the road map.) Hombre precavido vale por dos.: Forewarned is forearmed. honesto y juicioso: honest and thoughtful (The last two days of the meeting were marked by honest and thoughtful reflection on the benefits and challenges that lay ahead.) hora estndar del este: Eastern Standard Time (Eastern Standard Time restrictions start the first Sunday in November and end the second Sunday in March.) hora oficial: Standard Time (tiempo oficial en el lugar con respecto al tiempo de Greenich); Standard time is the time that is officially used in a region in the fall, winter, and spring. horario de verano: daylight saving time (Daylight saving time is the time set usually one hour later in summer so that there is a longer period of daylight in the evening.) / (Daylight saving time is a system adopted by some countries to make the best use of daylight.) hotelera: hotel trade (Some of the activities that have been started are: hotel trade, village shops, etc.) / (this information from the International Labour Union of alimentation, agriculture, hotel trade and tobacco,); hotel business (In particular, the Hotel Business Law prohibits hotels from refusing a customer merely on the ) / (The Four Seasons Resort is setting new standards in the luxury hotel business ...) hoy en da: nowadays (Nowadays, we have the problem that product placement is almost everywhere, but is illegal ...) hundirse: plunge (our banks and financial groups did see their accumulated profits plunge)

(INICIO)

idoneidad demostrada: suitability tested (In all districts, as the protocol of the meeting put it, there is an increasing number of requests by economic organizations to have their young workers suitability-tested [by vocational counseling.]); demostrated appropriateness(...its demostrated appropriateness to the level of indigenous skills and socio-cultural context.) idoneidad: suitability (there is no doubt about her suitability for the job); appropriateness (I have my doubts about her appropriateness for the job.); eligibility (It has eighteen months to decide an applicant's eligibility.) idneo: suitable (the suitable material); ser idneo para: be suited to (In other words, the restructuring plan seemed to be suited to restoring the company's longterm viability.) igualmente: likewise (Likewise, significant increases can be observed in relation to the total production and in ) ileso: unscathed (There is no sector or grouping that has emerged unscathed or unblemished.) ilimitado: unrestricted (Access to information today seems unrestricted and at the same time deficient.) iliquidez: illiquidity (During periods of illiquidity the Directors may have difficulty in obtaining a reliable valuation ...) ilustracin: artwork (As it happened before, interest in science and technology appeared not only in technological artworks.)

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impacto econmico externo: external economic impact (China will minimise any negative external economic impact and maintain stable, relatively fast growth.) impacto: shock ( the economy had to deal with consecutive impacts of negative external shocks.) impago: nonpayment (He has a long record of nonpayment of traffic violations.) impar: uneven (The jury shall comprise an uneven number of experts.) imparcialmente/con imparcialidad: fairly (these consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Bank) imperante: prevailing (The price or prices shall also reflect the prevailing market conditions for that share.) imperfeccin: flaw (... University of Chicago won the 2007 Nobel prize in economics for investigating market flaws.) mpetu: momentum (Technology seems to create its own momentum.) implentacin de los lineamientos: implementation of the guidelines (As described by Miguel Gmez, Director of the RUTA Project, the National Technical Units support implementation of the guidelines drawn up by the Central American Agricultural Council (CAC)) implementado: implemented (Problems can only arise with countries which have not implemented such a tonnage tax scheme.) implementar normativas: implement regulations (These organisations publish policy documents, develop strategies, monitor food intake or health, and in some cases implement regulations.) implicar: entail (Any investment entails risk.) / (The project will entail considerable expense.) imponible: taxable (taxable profits) / (taxable value) / (taxable income) / (taxable base) / (The Bank uses the taxable equivalent basis to calculate net interest income, other income and income taxes.) importadores de bienes de capital: importers of capital goods (These developing countries are now sources of growth and importers of capital goods and developed countries' services.) importante: significant (Any changes to these estimates and assumptions may have a significant impact on the Banks operating results and financial position.); importantly (She has a pleasant personality, but more importantly, she is well qualified for the job.); important (it is important for everyone to be here on time) importe en letras: amount in words (For example: a written amount routine where, given an amount a literal is retrieved with the amount in words [1010 => 'A thousand and ten']) improbabilidad: unlikelihood (The market research described above confirms the unlikelihood of such replacement.) improbable que: unlikely to (The 27 new ministers are unlikely to contradict the president.) impuesto a pagar: tax payable (Any tax credit that is not used because it exceeds the final amount of tax payable may be carried over and used within five years following the year in ...) impuesto sobre beneficios de actividades ordinarias/impuesto sobre ganancias de actividades ordinarias/impuesto sobre utilidades de actividades ordinarias: (Tax on profit on ordinary activities calculated at United Kingdom corporation tax rate of 28%.) impuesto sobre beneficios/impuesto sobre ganancias/impuesto sobre utilidades: profit tax (Malaysia reduced the profit tax and simplified tax filing online to reduce the time burden by 24 hours.) / (Tunisia also reduced the corporate profit tax from 35 to 30 per cent.) impuesto: tax (Taxes paid abroad are credited against the part of the domestic tax levied on the income taxed abroad.) impulsado por: driven by (The water pump is driven by a windmill.) impulsar: boost (We took various steps to try to boost sales.); drive (Moreover, targets and standards can drive green investments.) impulso: momentum (Technology seems to create its own momentum.); thrust (I believe that with the thrust of an entire people they will achieve it.) impulsor / impulsora: driving force (She was the driving force behind the company.) inactivo: sluggish (The prolonged sluggish market has proved a blessing in disguise for promoters as it offered a good opportunity to buy shares cheaper and ...) inamortizable: nonamortizable (Long-lived assets represent net property, plant and equipment, nonamortizable and net amortizable intangible assets and investments in noncontrolled affiliates.) incapacidad: inability ( this model has shown, for over 20 years, its inability to achieve significant recovery of the Cuban familys living standards after the downfall of the European socialist countries.) incapaz: unable (I was unable to find a pay phone.); not able (Consequently, the government was not able to reduce the stock of accumulated social expenditure ...)

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incentivo: fringe benefit (Some employers are offering it as a fringe benefit.) incertidumbre: uncertainty (this range reflects the level of uncertainty associated with these models.) incesante: relentless (Thanks to its relentless double-digit annual growth, it has become the worlds second- largest economy and in many ways the most dynamic.) inclaudicable: uncompromising (We understand the importance of uncompromising ethics in ensuring respect for our clients and the communities we serve as well as compliance with laws and regulations.) inclusin social: social inclusion (mobilising private and public funds and integrating social enterprises into employment and social inclusion measures.) incobrable: irrecoverable (A value reduction or write-down is thus applied for amounts considered irrecoverable.); uncollectible (It shall disclose separately the amount recognised as an expense in the period for impairment losses on uncollectible loans and advances) incomparable: matchless (The museum has a matchless collection of Rembrandt etchings.) incompetencia: inability ( this model has shown, for over 20 years, its inability to achieve significant recovery of the Cuban familys living standards after the downfall of the European socialist countries.) inconveniente: liability (Not having our own delivery trucks is a liability in our business.); hindrance (Often his training has proved a hindrance rather than a help.) incrementar (ventas, produccin): boost (We took various steps to try to boost sales.) incrementar: enhance (The Bank enhanced its offering with changes to); increase (They've increased the price of gas by two cents a gallon.); up (We won't be able to make a profit unless we up our prices.) incremento: enhancement (Enhancement of local transportation is a priority.); increase (There was a slight increase in unemployment last month.), incremental incumbir: concern (This is an issue that should concern everyone.) incumplimiento de contrato: breach of contract (The breach of a contractual duty of secrecy can constitute not only a breach of contract but also an act of unfair competition.) incumplir: breach (in so far as the overall limits in the 1988 Accord are not breached) incurrir en: incur (expense) (We incurred heavy expenses to repair the) indagar: ascertain ( carry out investigations to ascertain whether a State body had violated the rights of an individual or of a group.) indemne: unscathed (Her husband died in the accident, but she escaped unscathed.) independientemente: regardless (Activities and initiatives are now planned with the objective of providing clients with seamless financial advice, investment solutions and services that meet their needs, regardless of where the relationship was initially developed.) indicacin: indication (there's every indication that the economy is on the upturn) indicadores: indicators (we achieved positive momentum in other key performance indicators.) indicar el camino/mostrar el camino: show the way (Ill show you the way to the meeting room.) indicar: set forth (The board set forth the conditions for her release.); point out (First, we should point out that the confidence shown by investors and creditor banks was one of the main pillars of stability for Grupo Financiero Improsa in 2009.) ndice Armonizado de Precios de Consumo (IAPC): Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) (On average, the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) increased by 1.1% in 1999, ) ndice (indicio o seal de una cosa): (figurative) The rate of consumer spending is often thought to be an index of public confidence (= show the state of the public's confidence) in the health of the economy. ndice de Desarrollo Humano: Human Development Index (The country ranks 51, with a Human Development Index of 0.838, placing it among countries classified as having high human development (UNDP, 2008). ndice de eficiencia: efficiency ratio (The efficiency ratio is the traditional measure for bank productivity. At its simplest, it is the cost required to generate each dollar of revenue.) ndice de endeudamiento: indebtedness ratio (While there are several ways to measure a firm's degree of financial risk, the most common is the indebtedness ratio.) ndice de natalidad: birth rate; birthrate (Officials expressed concern over Quebec's declining birthrate.) ndice de precios al consumo: consumer price index (A consumer price index (CPI) measures changes in the price level of consumer goods and services purchased by households.); retail price index

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ndice del costo de vida: cost-of-living index (A cost-of-living index is a theoretical price index that measures relative cost of living over time or regions.) ndice: contents; table of contents; index (If you want to find the place in the text that Henry James is mentioned, look it up in the index.) ndice: rate (The rate of impunity amounts to 99 percent.); index (the Dow Jones index) indicio/seal: indication (Early indications show that ) / (The jury gave no indication of their decision as they came back into the courtroom.) indiscutiblemente/incuestionablemente: unquestionably (However, the progress that has unquestionably been made to date is now being threatened ...); undeniably (Such techniques would undeniably represent progress for humanity) indispensable: all-important (Managing information or creating new products has become all-important.) indudablemente: undoubtedly (Our fiscal 2010 results undoubtedly benefited from a favourable economic environment in Canada,); without a doubt; without doubt industria de fabricacin: manufacturing industry (It is important to know that you share the view that the manufacturing industry needs to be put back at the top of the policy agenda.) industria fabril: manufacturing industry (Between 1975 and 1991, manufacturing industry and the government (in the former West Germany) spent some US$250 billion on pollution abatement or prevention ) industria hotelera: hotel industry ( improving training in the hotel industry, with particular emphasis on hotel management and administration.) industria manufacturera: manufacturing industry (Particular attention is given to the needs of manufacturing industry and small and medium sized enterprises.) industria textil: textile industry (We have seen what has happened with the textile industry throughout Europe.) industrial: manufacturing (in certain sectors of activity and key portfolios (e.g., forestry products, manufacturing, etc.).) indito: unprecedented (Let me say that this was an unprecedented act of transparency.) ineludible: absolute (Health insurance is an absolute necessity in the United States.); unavoidable (War is now unavoidable.); inevitable (Accidents are the inevitable result of carelessness.) inestabilidad de los flujos de capital: They found that instability in capital flows has a negative effect on the growth of developing economies.) inestabilidad: instability (Teenagers often go through periods of emotional instability.) inevitable: unavoidable (the unavoidable exchange rate devaluation) inexactitud: inaccuracy (Rose says the story was loaded with inaccuracies.) inexorable: relentless (Thanks to its relentless double-digit annual growth, it has become the worlds second- largest economy and in many ways the most dynamic.) nfimo/nfima/insignificante: negligible (The use of only a negligible part of the worlds enormous nuclear arsenal will mean the end for the human species.) / (The effect on sales was negligible.) inflacin: inflation (Low inflation is an important advantage of the current Cuban reform compared to the reform of the early 1990s, ) inflexible: uncompromising (We understand the importance of uncompromising ethics in ensuring respect for our clients and the communities we serve as well as compliance with laws and regulations.) influencia significativa: significant influence (Significant influence is understood to be that which enables whoever is exercising it to influence the financial or operational decisions of the entity ) influencia: leverage (the power to influence results) financial/political leverage (The US has very little leverage in that part of the world.) informacin de primera mano: first hand information (This is also an excellent opportunity to glean firsthand information) informacin precisa y fiable: accurate and reliable information (More specifically, the objective of the proposal is to ensure accurate and reliable information on ) informacin previa: prior information (In addition, the article only covers the prior information which will eventually be reflected in the contract.); previous information (It has not been possible to rely on previous information concerning how much money is needed.) informe anual: annual report informe de gestin: management report (The following is the Fiscal Year 2007 Annual Management Report which presents FHA's accomplishments and financial condition.) informes por cada prstamo: loan-by-loan reporting (Countries collecting only aggregate data (and where enterprises are highly

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dependent on debt finance) need to move to loan-by-loan reporting, enabling forecasting based on repayment schedules, as well as risk assessment based on currency, variable interest rates, guarantee status and debt to equity ratios.) infringir: breach (in so far as the overall limits in the 1988 Accord are not breached) ingresos a cobrar: unrealized income (Unrealized income (paper profit) is profit which has been made but not yet realized or collected through a transaction, ) ingresos brutos: gross earnings (Unless otherwise specified, the level of wages refers, in principle, to gross earnings.) ingresos cobrados por adelantado: revenue received in advance (Prepayments of ARs should be treated as revenue received in advance or as a liability until the transaction is completed.) ingresos de explotacin: operating income (Such depreciation could affect our operating income and financial position.) ingresos de operacin: operating income (The investment in shares are recorded at fail value, the results obtained are recorded in other operating income.) ingresos financieros: financial income (Their financial income depends on the country in which they are situated.) ingresos globales: comprehensive income (Comprehensive income (or earnings) is a specific term used in companies' financial reporting from the company-whole point of view.) ingresos netos por cargos y comisiones: net fee and comission income (Net fee and commission income comprises fees for services performed for and by third parties in respect of securities transactions and related services. ...) ingresos netos por intereses: net interest income (Higher revenues from net interest income and insurance activity and flat operating ...) ingresos netos: net income ( a change in interest rates of 1 percent (or 100 basis points) would impact net income and cash flows by $0.8 million annually, ) ingresos operativos: operating income (... the royalty charge will have an adverse effect on our operating income and cash flow.) ingresos petroleros: oil revenue (Vietnam had a windfall in the form of oil revenue at the time of the reform.) ingresos por cargos y comisiones: fee and commission income (Fee and commission income consists primarily of investment fund management fees, distribution fees from investment funds, commission revenue ...) ingresos por dividendos: dividend income (Note that while dividend income can fluctuate it is less volatile than share price ) ingresos por intereses: interest income (... arising on purchased securities are calculated and presented as part of interest income and are amortised over the remaining life of the assets.) ingresos por operaciones de cambio: foreign exchange transaction income (This decrease in foreign exchange transaction income was partially offset by higher interest income due to higher interest rates in Brazil and increased ) ingresos por recuperacin de activos financieros: income from financial asset recovery (The financial stability report also refers to income from financial asset recovery, ) ingresos por servicios: service income (After a small increase in 2003, service income from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) remained stable in 2004 ); income for services (A captive insurance company would normally earn an income for services it provides.) ingresos: income (They will ask you to provide documentation of your income, debt, expenses and savings.); revenue (Company revenue rose 4% last year.); earnings (This has created an enormous currency mismatch between the earnings of the debtors and their debt service obligations.) proceeds (All proceeds from the auction will be donated to charity.); returns (In that case, the returns from the market and from the aid may be especially low.); incomings (You use the accrual/deferral function to calculate the expenses (outgoings) and revenues (incomings) for a period on a certain key date/period-end closing ) Iniciativas Municipales de Desarrollo Local: Municipal Initiative for Local Development ( projects to stimulate economic activity and create new jobs under a program called the Municipal Initiative for Local Development ) ininterrumpido: uninterrupted (... provider would currently be prepared to give any consumer an absolute guarantee of uninterrupted service on a particular day.); continuous (A secondary source of power shall be sufficient to replace the primary source of power for a continuous period of three days.) inmediatamente: at once (Substantial measures must be taken at once to increase employment.) inmovilizar flujo de efectivo: tie up cash flow (Posting bonds and guarantees is a necessary part of exporting that can tie up your cash flow.) inmuebles: real estate (For the first time in a half-century, Cubans will be allowed to buy and sell real estate openly, bequeath property to relatives without restriction ...) inmunizacin: inmunization (Inmunization is a strategy that matches the durations of assets and liabilities thereby minimizing the impact of interest rates on the net worth.)

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inquebrantable: unwavering (My country gives its unwavering support to the peace process and the agreements) inscribir en: register in (All Estonian companies and foreign companies doing business in Estonia must register in the commercial register) inspeccionar: examine (An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles ...) institucin financiera: financial institution (When calculating the interest rate, the financial institution should ensure that ) institucin financiera comercial: commercial financial institution (Founded in 1944, EDC is a Crown Corporation that operates as a commercial financial institution.) instituciones acadmicas que otorgan ttulos: degree-granting academic institutions (authorizes accredited US graduate and undergraduate degree-granting academic institutions to engage in travel-related transactions) instituciones financieras no bancarias: non-banking financial institutions (The financial statements of the non-banking financial institutions must be audited by the ICAP members.); non-bank financial institutions Instituto Nacional de la Vivienda: National Housing Institute instrumento convocatorio: calling instrument (Calling instrument is the document (Invitation, Publication and Book of Basis and Conditions) through which the bid and its basis and conditions become known by...) instrumento de capital: equity instrument (An "equity instrument" is a contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities.) instrumento de fideicomiso: trust deed (The trustee may resign to his office if it is expressly so authorized by the trust deed.) instrumento financiero: financial instrument (The creation of a new financial instrument by the budgetary authority should help, together with the actions of the Member States, to facilitate this process.) instrumento hbrido: hybrid instrument (As to hybrid capital instruments, CEBS proposed conditions that any hybrid instrument should meet in order to be considered to be eligible Tier 1 capital in the EU.) instrumentos de pago: payment instruments ( all euro payments are considered domestic and are made with one set of payment instruments.) insumos intermedios: intermediate inputs (Policy-makers should not forget that 20 % of intermediate inputs of manufacturing industry derive from services.) insumos: inputs (The economic benefits of soil and water conservation as inputs to livestock production (e.g. through erosion control, pasture and forage) and ); supplies (period the increase in the internal price of goods and services associated to said raw materials and supplies, intensified ) intachable: impeccable (The behavior of Cuban professionals and their leaders was absolutely void of chauvinism and remained out of the limelight.); faultless (Your professionalism is faultless and your kindness an asset.); flawless (Our laboratory has a flawless testing record.) integrado por: made up of (The Board is assisted by three committees made up entirely of independent members: the Audit and Risk Management Committee, the Conduct Review and Corporate Governance Committee, and the Human Resources Committee.) integral: comprehensive (providing a comprehensive view of each clients relationship with the Bank) intensificar: enhance ( enhance data collection and analysis on global sustainable development.) intentar conseguir: aim for (he's aiming for the presidency) intentar: intend (It is not intended that changes happen all at once ); endeavor (I endeavored to explain the legal consequences of his action.) interanual: year on year (Thus total resources on the balance sheet grew 9.2%, while credit investment increased 975 billion with a year on year growth rate of 5.8%.); yoy (Retail sales are improving on a monthly basis, but yoy growth in retail sales is consolidating at around 4%.) interbancario: interbank (the development of an interbank market.) intercambiar: barter (They also barter their products and services for others they may need.) inters acumulado: accrued interest (The accrued interest on the funds before the payment to beneficiaries belongs to the fund providers.) inters compuesto: compound interest (Compound interest is better, because it allows you to earn interest not only on your initial deposit but ...) inters por mora: defaul interest (At the end of the year, default interest shall be separately booked to the revenue); (Default interest is the interest that a borrower would pay if the borrower will not fulfill the loan covenants.)

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inters simple: simple interest (Simple interest is just that, it's added once a year to your balance.) inters sobre prstamos: interest on loans (Interest on loans is repayable from the first day of operation) inters: interest interesar: concern (This is an issue that should concern everyone.) intereses a cobrar: interest receivable ( are not generated only by the differential of interest receivable/payable, but also by the fees and commissions.) intereses a pagar: interest payable (On each payment date, the net difference between the interest payable and the interest receivable will be settled, ) intereses acumulados pero no pagados: interest accrued but not paid (Net interest reported equals interest paid plus interest accrued but not paid minus interest reported in prior years.) intereses acumulados por cobrar: accrued interest payable (The fair value of derivative positions outstanding is included in accrued interest receivable and other assets and accrued interest payable and other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets ) intereses acumulados por cobrar: accrued interest receivable (The fair value of derivative positions outstanding is included in accrued interest receivable and other assets and accrued interest payable and other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets ) intereses de adelantos de bancos: interest on bank advances (Though there was a significant fall in the inflation rate in 1995-96, real rates of interest on bank advances remained high.) intereses devengados por las inversiones: interest earned on investments available.) (interest earned on investments also increase funds

intereses ganados: interest earned (Excluding oil revenues, oil-related expenditures, and interest earned and paid ); interest income (Other revenues are recognized when services are rendered and interest income on bank deposits and investments are recognized as accrued.) intereses generados por: interest generated by (As regards the principle of unity of the budget, the rule governing interest generated by pre-financing should be simplified.); interest produced by (the interests produced by these sums are to be allocated to the mass of creditors.); interest yielded by (The interest yielded by this account will be recorded as budget revenue.) intereses moratorios/de mora/de demora: interest on arrears (The rate of interest on arrears shall be no more than one percentage point higher than the rate of credit interest ) intereses moratorios: interest on overdue payments (Interest on overdue payments: Payment within 30 days and interest on overdue payments of 1.5% per month.) intereses pagados: interest paid ( investments on the profitability of the Community industry is mostly taken into account in the form of depreciation and interest paid.); interest expense (The net effect of such instruments was recorded as part of interest expense ) intereses sobre depsitos: interest on deposits (The banks have to pay a high rate of interest on deposits to mobilize funds for their operations.) intereses sobre prstamos: interest on loans (Interest on loans are repayable from the first day of operation) interino: acting (Ms. Lopez-Smith will be the acting treasurer (= temporarily perform those duties). intermediacin financiera: financial intermediation (Financial intermediation continued to grow from a still relatively low level.) intermediario: intermediary (Shareholders whose shares are held by a market intermediary are asked to contact the market intermediary concerned.); counduit (The Bank administers a multi-seller conduit that purchases various financial assets from clients and funds these purchases by issuing asset-backed commercial paper.) interventor corporativo: corporate controller (Perkins was promoted to corporate controller.) interventor financiero: financial controller (The report by the financial controller, for example, was submitted relatively late.) intranet: intranet (The Bank uses its intranet to better inform employees.) intransigente: uncompromising (People are intimidated by her uncompromising ways.) intrarregional: intra-regional (Intra-regional trade refers to trade which focuses on economic exchange primarily between countries of the same region or economic zone.) inventario: inventory (Inventory represents one of the most important assets that most businesses possess,...); stocktaking (Physical stocktaking has been completed.) inversin comercial: business investment (TD Canada Trust offers small business investment solutions to let you choose the best

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option.) inversin de capital/inversin en capital: capital investment (Capital investments are used for the financing of long-term tangible and intangible property, ); (Capital investment over the next two years will probably come in at about US$1 million ) inversin directa extranjera: foreign direct investment (Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has become a key component of national development strategies for almost all the countries over the globe.) inversiones estatales/inversin estatal: state investments (State investments, tax cuts, cash injections measures aimed at stimulating the economy are dominating the headlines in these times of recession.); state investment inversiones permanentes: permanent investments (This line item also includes other permanent investments in which there is no significant influence.) inversiones temporales: temporary investments (Financial instruments potentially subject to risk concentration consist mainly of accounts receivable and temporary investments.) investigaciones ssmicas: seismic research (an ambitious plan for seismic research and drilling operations) investigacin: enquiry (The enquiry was made at the time of updating the inventory.); inquiry investigar: screen (Three States have implemented procedures and methods to screen travellers effectively against national and international databases.) inviable/no factible: unfeasible (Perfection is the enemy of good: pursuing unfeasible projects would mean not achieving the goal); nonviable (Markets are often weak, with some sectors completely non-viable.); unviable (The proposal of agrifuels is unviable, and it is ethically and politically unacceptable.) inviabilidad: unfeasibility (Allegations of unfeasibility are not completely unjustified;) involucrado: involved (In the normal course of their business, the Bank and its subsidiaries are involved in various claims) involucrar: involve (In the normal course of their business, the Bank and its subsidiaries are involved in various claims,) ir camino de: head for (Canadian economy is headed for growth of 3.1%.) ir en pos de: pursue (She single-mindedly pursued her goal of earning a law degree.) Ir por lana y salir trasquilado.: To go for wool and come home shorn. ir rumbo a: head for (Canadian economy is headed for growth of 3.1%.) irrevocable e incondicionalmente: irrevocable and unconditionally (The Guarantor irrevocable and unconditionally guarantees in favour of the Bank the due and prompt payment by the Borrower of principal ...) (INICIO)

jubilacin anticipada: early retirement (It would also make sense to introduce an early retirement regulation.) jubilacin por incapacidad permanente (invalidez): retirement for permanent disability (invalidity) (The pensions for retirement or retirement for permanent disability (invalidity) under the Special Scheme for Civil Servants ) jubilacin: retirement (This reduction was possible, in particular, due to the retirement of a number of directors.) junto a : alongside (That is why solidarity and security must and will remain central European objectives alongside prosperity.) junto con esta/junto con este: herewith (I enclose three documents herewith.) junto con: together with (should be examined together with the other items of trading activity revenues.); coupled with (This set of rigid rules, coupled with a modern production process, ) justo y razonable: fair and reasonable (I would argue quite strongly that we have achieved a very fair and reasonable balance of interests.) (INICIO)

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La avaricia rompe el saco: A rich man and his money are son parted La caridad empieza por casa: Charity begins at home la cual/las cuales/los cuales/la que/las que/los que: which (your letter, which I received this morning, cheered me up) / (the cities to which we are going) / (he explained the means by which we could achieve our objective) / (the meeting which we attended) / la decisin es inapelable y vinculante para las partes: the decision is final and binding on the parties la Ley de Administracin de las Exportaciones de 1979: the Export Administration Act of 1979 la ley de Asistencia Exterior de 1961: the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 la Ley de Comercio con el Enemigo de 1917: the Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917 la Ley Helms-Burton de 1996: the Helms-Burton Act of 1996 la Ley Torricelli de 1992: the Torricelli Act of 1992 la mayor parte de: much of (Much of Connecticut's countryside is dotted with large estates and horse farms.) La misma ocasin no se presenta dos veces.: Time and tide wait for no man. La necesidad carece de ley.: Necessity knows no law. La necesidad hace maestros./La necesidad aguza el ingenio.: Necessity is the mother of invention. la personalidad jurdica: the legal personality (That information was intended to confirm the legal personality of the organization); the juridical personality (This Constitution recognizes the juridical personality of the Catholic Church.) lacra: blight (Violence against women is a blight on society.) lanzar: launch (The Cuban peso has been the historical national currency since it was launched in 1914.) / (to launch a product on to the market) / (Improsa SAFI launches the first real estate development fund in Costa Rica ) larga conservacin: long-life (SIG Combibloc, one of the world's leading systems suppliers of carton packs for fresh and long-life food products such as milk, juice, soups and sauces as well as the corresponding filling machines.) Las apariencias engaan.: Appearances are often deceitful. / Appearances are deceptive. Las desgracias nunca vienen solas.: Misfortunes never come singly. lavado de activos: asset laundering (forms of crime that make use of corrupt practices as an effective mechanism for committing crimes of a fiscal, economic or financial nature, such as tax evasion, business fraud and asset laundering.) lavado de dinero y otros activos: money laundering and other assets ( to incorporate legislative measures to prevent, control and sanction money laundering and other assets in order to protect the national economy and the stability of the Guatemalan financial system.) lavado de dinero: money laundering (Money laundering empowers corruption and organized crime.) lazos comerciales: trade ties (and creating trade ties with other Latin American countries, which also have a great deal to offer.) lazos econmicos: economic ties (Chvez and Fidel Castro strengthen their political and economic ties.) lazos: ties (family ties are strong) le agradecemos su: We thank you for your(We thank you for your interest in our product ...) / (We thank you for your kindness ) / (We thank you for your support ) le agradecera tuviese a bien acusar recibo de: I should be obliged if you would acknowledge receipt of (I should be obliged if you would acknowledge receipt of this letter and confirm your Government's agreement to its contents.) legalidad: legality (Attorneys questioned the legality of the police officer's actions.) legalizacin: legalization (Small and medium-sized enterprises would suffer most from the legalization of software patents.) legalizar: legalize (make legal) (The consular authorities are the only bodies competent to legalize these documents, ) legalmente: legally (The contract is legally binding.) legar/disponer: bequeath (Under the law, citizens may own property, including foreign currency, both within and outside Tajikistan; inherit and bequeath property) / (The artist cannot therefore bequeath that right by will.) lejos de: far from (What is more, since the cold war era this threat, far from decreasing, is actually increasing.) lento: sluggish (sluggish growth); (sluggish economy); (These factors combined with the sluggish recovery in manufacturing will weigh on employment growth.)

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letra a la vista: demand bill (The entire non-state sector may use, in addition to cash, the following payment instruments: a) bank transfers, b) checks, c) payment orders, d) debit or credit cards, e) local letters of credit, f) demand bills, g) promissory notes, and h) others that are used in banking. letra de cambio: bill of exchange (A bill of exchange must be in writing and signed and dated.); levantar acta de: minute (The proceedings of the Board of Directors / General Meeting shall be minuted.) ley de zonificacin/ley de urbanismo: zoning law (Under the Zoning Law, local zoning plans specify the purpose of the land, the layout of public purpose investments and a specification of the methods and conditions of land development.) ley del menor esfuerzo: line of least resistance (The tendency of human nature is to follow the line of least resistance---like water---and thus in youth, the formative period may neglect to form right habits of ...) Ley mnibus: Omnibus Appropriations Act (Such denial was issued under the protection of Section 211 of Omnibus Appropriations Act sactioned by the United States Congress at the end of 1998, prohibiting the recognition and renovations of trademarks associated to properties nationalized by the Cuban Government,) Ley Patriota de EE.UU: USA PATRIOT Act (As required by the USA PATRIOT Act, we also collect information and take actions necessary to verify your identification.) ley: act (parliamentary) leyenda de foto: caption (Caption: Students at a school for the visually impaired in Tanzania working on their ) liberar: free up ( which can help you to free up the working capital you need.) librado/girado: drawee (Drawee is a person or bank that is ordered by its depositor, a drawer, to withdraw money from an account to pay a designated sum to a person according to the terms of a ...) librador/girador: drawer (A personal cheque is an order of payment issued by a drawer to a third party (transferee/exporter) or to the drawer him or herself through a charge to his or her account at a financial ) / (... a bill of exchange on which he is named as the drawee and the vendor as the drawer.) libre a bordo: free on board; f.o.b.; FOB (export price was made on the basis 'fob Polish border' and 'fob Russian border' respectively.) libre de impuestos/exento de derechos de aduana: duty-free (duty free shop) libre disponibilidad: free availability (Decree regarding free availability of foreign financing for mining industry projects.) libreta de racionamiento: ration book (Consideration of a phasing out of the ration book, ) libro de actas: minute book (The minutes of each meeting of the congregation shall be attested by the moderator and the secretary and shall be entered in the minute book of the session.) licencia de maternidad: maternity leave (It prohibited gender-based discrimination in the workplace and provided for maternity leave, including compensation during such leave.) licenciado en ciencias: B.S.; Bachelor of Science licenciado en derecho: Bachelor of Laws licenciado en letras: B.A.; Bachelor of Arts licenciante: licensor (The two parties, licensor and licensee, are able to accomplish far more together in this type of partnership ...) licenciarse en: earn a degree in (He earned a degree in mechanical engineering.) licenciatario: licensee (The two parties, licensor and licensee, are able to accomplish far more together in this type of partnership ...) lder: leading (As the leading investment bank in Quebec with a strong presence across Canada, the Financial Markets segment provides a diverse range of financing solutions) liderazgo: leadership (The company was extremely successful under Murphy's leadership.) lidiar con: deal with (the economy had to deal with consecutive impacts of negative external shocks.) ligera: nimble (The abolition of the ministry is part of a plan to make the sugar industry more nimble.) limitar: limit (to fix prices or to limit production or sales) lmite: breaking point (We've been working 18 hours a day and we are all at the breaking point.) lmites mnimos y mximos de las tasas de inters: minimum and maximum ranges of interest rates (Central Bank will regulate the minimum and maximum ranges of interest rates.) lineamiento: guideline (These policies cover methodological considerations as well as the guidelines and processes to be applied. Lineamientos de la Poltica Econmica y Social del Partido y la Revolucin: Guidelines of the Economic and Social Policy of the Party and the Revolution; Economic and Social Policy Guidelines of the Party and the Revolution

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lineamientos generales: general guidelines (The following are general guidelines for Republic of Cuba-related financial transactions.) liquidar: pay off (debts); pay the debts off ("I had to sell one of my houses and a car, and also borrow some money from my friends to pay the debts off about four months ago.) liquidez acumulada: accrued liquidity (Money currency circulation- Accrued Liquidity in the hands of the people ...) liquidez: liquidity (the Bank maintains an up-to-date liquidity contingency plan.) listo/lista/preparado/preparada: poised (Cooperatives seem poised to multiply, expand their range of activities and play a critical role in the new Cuban socialist-oriented economic model that is emerging.) llamado: so-called (These so-called experts dont know anything.) llegar a consenso: arrive at consensus ( country delegates struggled through to the evening of the last day to arrive at consensus.); arrive at a consensus (BoS are clearly contradictory and it does not seem possible to arrive at a consensus.); reach a consensus; reaching consensus; achieve a consensus; come to a consensus llegar a un acuerdo con: to do a deal a with (Essentially Lula did a deal with Washington and got Washington's support and ...) llegar a: make it (they made it through to the finals) / (I made it to work on time this morning.) / (youre good enough to make it to the top) llegar al punto sin retorno: reach the point of no return (Once the contract is signed, we've reached the point of no return.) llegar lejos: make it (you've got the talent to make it) llenar el vacio: to bridge the gap (My journey to Cuba bridged the gap between these two separate spheres of my life; it was as healing as it was painful.) llevando el total a: bringing the total to (During 1995 eight more plants were installed, bringing the total to 22. ...) llevar a cabo: carry out (Any redemption may be carried out without the consent of the Trust, subject to prior written notice and Superintendent approval.); conduct (we conducted our audits); pursue (Pursuing its social vision, Banco Improsa continued with its approach of channeling the funds of major investors into small and medium enterprises with limited financing capacity.); achieve; accomplish

llevar las riendas: be in the drivers seat (Emerging economies are in the drivers seat.) Lo barato sale caro.: If you buy cheaply, you pay dearly. lo cual/lo que: what (I don't agree with the boss either, but what he says goes.); (he refused to come, which did not surprise me) / (he lost, which was sad) Lo dicho, dicho est.: Time and words can never be recalled. lo ms novedoso en: state-of-the-art in (It is state-of-the-art in that respect,) lo mas probable es que: be likely to (global GDP is likely to expand about 3.5% in 2011.) Lo pasado, pasado est.: Let bygones be bygones. Lo que abunda no daa.: Store is no sore. lo que es ms: what is more (What is more, the report of the independent doctor did not give sufficient reasons and ) lo que representa: which represents (The amount allocated to offices in the region during the current biennium is $7,608,254 which represents an increase of 18.1 per cent over that of the previous biennium.); representing (In 2008 $6.4 million was spent, representing a 45 per cent increase from the previous year.) lo ltimo en: state of the art in (State of the art in developing allergen vaccines in Cuba: ) local: premises (In 2009, the city of Mondeville gives to PACTE association two new premises which will replace the current premise in June.) logstica (la logstica): logistics (There is also considerable innovative potential in the services and logistics sectors.) logstico: (The social and logistic role played by the Armed Forces in rainforest regions to the benefit of those communities should be stressed.) lograr superar el problema: manage to overcome the problem (But Professor Mitchell warned: "The fact that the Cubans have managed to overcome the problem is very promising. "However, it is not just a ...) lograr: achieve (To achieve this goal, the Bank is); attain (You need financial security in order to attain emotional well-being.) logro: achievement (The year 2010 was a year of achievements for Personal and Commercial Banking.); accomplishment (There's a feeling of accomplishment (= achievement) from having a job and all that goes with it.); success (On behalf of the executive management team, I wish to acknowledge their high level of engagement and thank them for their hard work and contribution to the Banks success.)

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los del: those of (The transferred assets have been isolated from those of the Bank) los firmantes se hacen responsables: the undersigned become liable (Not withstanding the issuer's liability, the undersigned become liable for these contents, pursuant to applicable legal provisions. los prximos aos: the next few years (When the relationship between the US and Cuba changes in the next few years, travel and investment opportunities will open for all US Citizens, greatly ...) los que/las que: which (thing) los que/las que: who (person) lucha contra la financiacin del terrorismo/luchar contra la financiacin del terrorismo: combat the financing of terrorism (CTF) (I have tried to make a positive contribution to the Borghezio report to help combat the financing of terrorism.) / (The resolution contains inter alia measures to combat the financing of terrorism ); terrorism financing combat (TFC) (The case was filed by the "Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing Combat Unit at the Central Bank.) luchar contra la inflacin: wage war against inflation luchar por: strive for (However, the point is that we can strive for these values.) luego de ser: after being (Diana Nyad gave up her attempt to swim from Cuba to Florida today after being stung on the body and on the face by Portuguese man o' war ...) (INICIO)

M macroeconmico: macroeconomic (Strangely enough, despite the significant macroeconomic changes affecting Cuba's health sector, the country's basic health indicators still continued to increase ...) mafia anticubana de Miami: Miamis anti-Cuban mafia (as a result of the maneuvers of Miamis anti-Cuban mafia and its allies in Congress) magnitud: extent (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) Mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos.: It is a fool consolation to think that everyone is in the same boat. mandato judicial: writ (service a writ) manejo: handling (This would reduce the risk and cost of handling and accumulating excessive amounts of cash.) manera de hacer las cosas: approach (It would be difficult to find two men more diverse in their approach.) mantener (atencin; inters): hold (His speech held the audience's attention for over an hour.) mantener a flote: buoy (Growth will be buoyed by the emerging economies.) mantener informado en todo momento: keep informed every step of the way (we'll keep you informed every step of the way) mantenimiento de cuentas: maintenance of accounts (For non-residents, the opening and maintenance of accounts in foreign currencies or in euros with offices inside Spain of registered Entities is free from control.) mantenimiento y reparacin de inmuebles: maintenance and repair of buildings (Facilities Management is often asked who is responsible for the maintenance and repair of buildings and equipment.) marca commercial: trade mark (The name or trade name or trade mark and the address of the manufacturer.) marca registrada: trade mark (The name or trade name or trade mark and the address of the manufacturer.) marcar: tick (tick the correct box); show (the thermometer shows a temperature of 20 degrees) marchando: proceeding (The world recovery is proceeding at an uneven pace.) marco de la ley: framework of the law (Journalists shall freely exercise their profession within the framework of the law.) marco jurdico: legal framework (The legal framework for cooperatives must ensure that cooperatives, as social property, cannot be sold nor their ownership transferred to other cooperatives, non-state forms of management or to individuals.) marco legal: legal framework (The legal framework for cooperatives must ensure that cooperatives, as social property, cannot be sold nor their ownership transferred to other cooperatives, non-state forms of management or to individuals.) marco macroeconmico: macroeconomic framework (South Africa's macroeconomic framework has served the economy well, but should be strengthened to make the economy more resilient to ...)

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marco para las negociaciones: framework for negotiations (The European Council invited the Commission to present the Council with a proposal relating to a framework for negotiations with Turkey ) margen de beneficios: profit margin (A profit margin is the amount that is made in a business after the costs have been subtracted: Many farmers claim that the profit margin for growing trees remains slim.) margen de ganancias: profit margin (A profit margin is the amount that is made in a business after the costs have been subtracted: Many farmers claim that the profit margin for growing trees remains slim.) margen de inters neto: (The Bank's net interest margin widened significantly during the first nine months of the year, but was relatively flat in the final quarter.) margen de intermediacin financiera: margin of financial intermediation (It is worth indicating that the reduction of the margin of financial intermediation was given in 19 banks, where in 6 it measured a slight increase.) margen de utilidades: profit margin (A profit margin is the amount that is made in a business after the costs have been subtracted: Many farmers claim that the profit margin for growing trees remains slim.) margen financiero bruto: gross financial margin (The gross financial margin in the months elapsed in this year reached 5.15%.) margen financiero neto: net financial margin (Net financial margin rose 3.6%, mainly due to higher financial income at Interbank, ...) margen operacional neto: net operating margin (definition of net operating margin: Net operating income divided by revenues, expressed as a percentage.) / (The total income of private hospitals rose by 9.0%, and expenditure by 9.9%, for a net operating margin of 8.6%.) margen operacional/margen operativo: operational margin (the gross cash flow per share rose 25.6% between 1998 and 1999 mainly due to a better operational margin and to the increase in depreciation.) ms all de: beyond (The 25-29 guidelines clearly state that will create cooperatives beyond the agricultural sector as well as second degree cooperatives.) ms an: furthermore (Furthermore, this estimate also has an impact on Other comprehensive income in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. ms de (+ cantidad): = in excess of (For the record, schools and libraries in the late 1960s recovered in excess of $10,000,000 from publishers and wholesalers as a result of unfair practices highlighted by Mr. Scilken.); over (The ISDS has now been in operation for over ten years.); more than (One 5 1/4' disk can thus hold more than a million characters (one megabyte).) ; upwards of (IFLA's annual conference, held at a different venue each year and attracting upwards of 3,000 participants, is a major plank in its professional programme.) ms importante: ultimate (Some people believe that he is the ultimate painter of this century.) ms o menos: just about (it's just about finished); about (that's about all I could find); more or less (It weighs 50 pounds, more or less (= approximately). ms rpido de lo esperado: quicker than expected (The stronger Canadian dollar is slowing a recovery that has been quicker than expected.) Ms vale algo que nada.: Half of loaf is better than no bread. Ms vale malo conocido que bueno por conocer: Better the devil we know than the devil we dont know. Ms vale maa que fuerza.: Brain is better than brawn. Ms vale pajaro en mano que ciento volando.: A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. Ms vale prevenir que lamentar.: Better safe than sorry. Ms vale tarde que nunca.: Better late than never. ms: further (Call your local library for further information.) Matar dos pjaros de un tiro.: To kill two birds with one Stone. materia prima:; raw material (The cost of raw materials was going up.) materiales de construccin:; building materials (Accidental fires are common in areas with highly inflammable building materials); construction materials (in other sectors that are generally private in the developed economies, such as fertilizers, mining, electricity, construction materials and so forth.) maximizar las ganancias: maximize profits (They have acted like traditional investors, seeking to maximize profits, not meddle in other countries' politics.) maximizar: maximize/maximise (The companies belonging to the group share a philosophy for project management aimed at maximising profitability and contributing profits to sustainable development.) mayor: bigger (This would give those affected a bigger safety margin in terms of planning.); greater (this could bring even greater benefits)

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; higher (in 2003 the gross profit was newly higher); larger (Poverty also blights a larger proportion of families in the regions.) mayormente: mostly (Parties derive their existence mostly from demographic realities that cannot be undone through ...) me complace: it gives me great pleasure (it gives me great pleasure to inform you that ); I am pleased to; me reconforta saber que: I am comforted by the knowledge that (I am comforted by the knowledge that many people's lives have been concretely improved as a result of my work and the work of others.) mediante: through (Ownership can be fostered through the availability of locally based finance and credit schemes.); by means of (This should be effected by means of a verified, legally binding treaty.); via (I sent the application papers via fax.) medicina alternative: alternative medicine (Alternative medicine is a wide range of treatments for medical conditions that people use instead of, or with, Western medicine.) mdicin de los riesgos de mercado: measuring market risks (In measuring market risks both assets and liabilities must be valued at their actual 'market values'.) medidas de poltica fiscal: fiscal policy action (After you have finished, visit the following two websites to see the fiscal policy action taken by the President and Congress,) medidas proactivas: proactive measures ( a series of proactive measures that have positive impacts on clients, employees, the economy, governance management, the environment and the community as a whole.) medio de visa: livelihood (Better health leads to greater capacity to develop and maintain a livelihood.) medios de radiodifusin y teledifusin: broadcast media (The broadcast media play a central role in the functioning of modern democratic societies, in particular in the development and transmission of social values.) medios de subsistencia: livelihood (Thirdly, measures must be taken to improve the livelihood of the people.) medios electrnicos de pago: electronic means of payment (the euro was introduced, first as an electronic means of payment ) mejora: improvement (there was improvement in the external trade balance of goods and services); upgrade (An additional 59 branch upgrades are planned for 2011); enhancement (The new system is a major enhancement in security.) mejoramiento: enhancement (Enhancement of local transportation is a priority.); improvement (They will then develop an improvement plan.) mejorar la calidad de: upgrade (They're spending more than $4 million next year to upgrade computer systems.) mejorar la utilidad de: upgrade (They're spending more than $4 million next year to upgrade computer systems.) mejorar: improve (The Council will continue to look for ways to improve its report.); upgrade (upgrade quality control is a positive step.); enhance (This will also enhance the quality of the projects submitted.) membrete: letterhead (A letterhead is the printing at the top of a piece of writing paper telling the name and address of the person or business sending the letter.) memoria annual/informe anual: annual report mencionado anteriormente: above mentioned (Along with the above mentioned elements,) mencionado: aforementioned (This request must be made within the aforementioned time limit.); aforesaid (The aforesaid legal practice is not static.); aforesaid (On November 22 of that year a copy of the aforesaid Report was dispatched to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Peru.) menos an: let alone (They cannot even market it in their own countries let alone sell it abroad.) mercado bursatil: stock market (Rumors about the president's illness caused the stock market to go down yesterday.) mercado a gran escala/mercado masivo: mass market (This promotes the creation of a personal service and information environment as opposed to standard mass market services.) mercado de divisas: currency market (PIP (or Points) - The term used in a currency market to represent the smallest incremental move) mercado de exportacin: export market (Canada has plentiful supplies of softwood lumber and the U.S. is virtually its only export market.) mercado del trabajo/mercado laboral: labor market (The U.S. labor market lost 8.4 million jobs) mercado emisor (turismo): source market (region of Europe which is considered the main source market of tourists to Morocco.) mercado financiero: financial market (The level of own capital sufficient to meet the minimum solvency ratio required by Banco Central de Cuba is 15.0% for the Cuban financial market ...) mercado laboral: labor market (The U.S. labor market lost 8.4 million jobs) mercado libre: free market (They agreed that establishing a free market economy should not imply establishing a market society.)

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mercado nacional/mercado interno: domestic market (Companies of the future will require a large domestic market.) mercado negro: black market (You can sell dollars on the black market.) mercado paralelo: parallel market (The government issued El Venezolano bonds to refinance the public debt, which experts considered also an effort to curb dollar demand in the parallel market ) mercado privatizado: privatized market (1990s resulting from the traumatic transition from a socialist centralized economy to a privatized market created much anger among Russians) mercado: trading (The dollar rallied against the yen in trading today.); market (Are you sure there's a market for something like this?) mercados callejeros: street markets (Most women microentrepreneurs work in informal street markets and home-based putting-out enterprises for local producers.) mercados emergentes de rpido crecimiento: fast-growing emerging markets (about 30 per cent of our business was done in fastgrowing emerging markets.) mercados emergentes: emerging markets (Newly emerging markets also should in principle be free from regulation.) mercados financieros: financial markets (Financial Markets provides corporate, public sector and institutional clients with banking and investment banking services, ...) mercados financieros globales/mercados financieros mundiales: global financial markets (Despite the support of global financial markets, these instruments have not been very successful.) merecer atencin especial: deserve special attention (At a time of multiple global crises, including those related to finances, food and flu, the poorest and most vulnerable deserve special attention) mesa de dinero: fixed income desk (In the case of transactions conducted at the fixed income desk, issuer risk and counterparty risk may occur.) mes entrante/ mes prximo/ mes venidero: coming month (The coming months will show whether that mechanism is able...) mes natural: calendar month (Typical entry types are calendar day or calendar month.) mtodo de compra: purchase method (The acquisition will be accounted for by the purchase method which values the total assets acquired and its debt at market value.) mtodo de lnea recta: straight-line method (Depreciation is computed for tax purposes using the straight-line method at a rate of 10% per year.) mtodo del costo histrico: historical cost convention (The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with the United Nations system accounting standards.) mtodo lineal: straight-line method (Depreciation is calculated by the straight line method over the estimated life of the asset.) mtodos de medicin de los riegos de mercado: methods of measuring market risks (Several methods of measuring market risks have been implemented in the financial markets.) microempresarios: microentrepreneurs (Most women microentrepreneurs work in informal street markets and home-based putting-out enterprises for local producers.) mientras (con idea de futuro, condicin): as long as (As long as the unemployment level in main economies maintains the increasing pace) Mientras ms rpido, mejor.: The sooner the better. mientras que: whereas (whereas productions for export were prioritized new investments were limited to those that generate foreign exchange earnings in the short term and substitute imports) mil millones: billion (Congress cut spending by $255 billion.) millardo: billion= one thousand million (With a supplemental in excess of $1 billion, the U.S. Government also has more resources at its disposal that it has had before.) milln: Mio (The turnover generated by these sales increased from 410 Mio EUR in 1999 to 441 Mio EUR in 2001, but subsequently decreased by 5 percentage points to 420 Mio EUR during the IP.) mineral de hierro: iron ore Ministerio de Comercio Interior: Ministry of Domestic Trade Ministerio de Finanzas y Precios: Ministry of Financial and Prices Ministerio de la Industria Ligera: Ministry of Light Industry Ministerio de la Informtica y las Comunicaciones: Ministry of Informatics and Communications

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Ministro Presidente del Banco Central de Cuba: Minister-President of the Central Bank of Cuba mismo/misma (preciso): very (a situation that may eventually threaten the very existence of the human species.) / (from the very beginning) / (that very day) mismo/misma (exactamente igual): same (Our grades were exactly the same.) mismo/misma (no otro/no otra): same (Production is down by 80% from the same period last year.) modalidad: form (Cuba authorized new forms of bank loans to boost self-employment, agricultural production and housing rehabilitation.); type (The new scheme is based on substantial financial incentives for employers to recruit young people under a new type of contract.) modalidades de financiamiento: financing modalities (The Resolution does not prescribe the financing modalities of the program); funding modalities (A number of funding modalities are available for joint evaluations.) modelo de gestin empresarial: business management model (MFD applies its business management model) modelo econmico cubano de orientacin socialista: Cuban socialist-oriented economic model (Cooperatives seem poised to multiply, expand their range of activities and play a critical role in the new Cuban socialist-oriented economic model that is emerging.) modelo econmico estatal centralizado: centralised state economic model (There is a domestic consensus that the centralised state economic model has multiple shortcomings and distortions and needs ...) modelo integral: comprehensive model (the Committee has not set a time limit for the transition to comprehensive models) moderna instalacin: state-or-the-art facility (This new state-of-the-art facility will help to attract and retain the very best medical/clinical staff) modernizacin: modernization (However, the embargo has impeded faster modernization of that sector, and has made it more costly.) modernizar: modernize (The recent financial crisis has underlined how acutely Russia needs to modernize and diversify its economy.); upgrade (Draw up a plan to upgrade agri-food establishments.) mdico: reasonable (You can still get a good house for a very reasonable price.) momento decisivo/crucial: turning point (This experience was a turning point in my life.) moneda convertible: convertible currency (Payment shall be made in convertible currency.) moneda de curso legal: legal tender (Legal tender is the official money used in a country.) moneda extranjera: foreign currency (as a result of foreign currency translation adjustments) moneda libremente convertible: freely convertible currency (a balance between expenditures and revenues in freely convertible currency,) moneda mundial: world currency (Demand for the euro as a world currency is comparatively weak.); global currency (We think the solution is creating a new global currency.) moneda virtual: virtual currency (The 7th summit meeting of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA) ended Oct. 17, in Cochabamba with the decision to establish a virtual currency.) monetizar: monetize (With no domestic market for public debt, the fiscal deficit is monetized by the Central Bank.) monitoreo: monitoring (A second stage, during which the monitoring plan will be implemented at national level.) mora: arrears (The list of delegations in arrears is provided in Annex IV); default (Defaults rose to 4 percent of all the bank's loans.) / ( the default of part of its foreign debt commitments.) morosidad de la cartera: delinquency of the portfolio (The underlying loan delinquency of the portfolio is 1.10 percent compared to the market average of 1.26 percent.) morosidad: delinquency (Delinquency is the state of being late for a payment on a loan or other liability.) (Failure to make payments on time,) moroso: slow payer (The company is well known as a slow payer.); delinquent (... dues by the 15th day of the month in which they become due shall be considered delinquent.); defaulter (We have minor arrears but there are no defaulters.) mostrar: show (These statements show the movement of retained earnings or accumulated deficits.) motivo de orgullo: source of pride (This is indeed a source of pride for all of us.) motivo por el cual/motivo por el que: which is why (We expect great things of you which is why we ask a lot.); which was why (Of six recovery orders examined, there were two for which no notice had been sent, which was why the debtors had not made payment.); reason for which (That is the reason for which a number of our members will abstain on that issue and will consequently vote in favour of our amendment.)

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motores: driving forces (Countries of the periphery are the driving forces of the global economic recovery for the first time in history.) Movimiento de Pases No Alineados: Non-Aligned Countries Movement (Equally unequivocal views have been endorsed by the NonAligned Countries Movement,) movimiento de utilidades retenidas: movement of retained earnings (These statements show the movement of retained earnings or accumulated deficits.) movimiento del inventario/rotacin del inventario: inventory turnover (The Company regularly reviews inventory quantities on hand and records an allowance for obsolescence based upon inventory turnover, aging, specific physical conditions by type of inventory considering current expectations of future product demands and production requirements.); turnover of inventory mucho mejor: far better (It seems far better for sustainable economic growth ); much better mucho menos: let alone (most of the children in the care of the Samuel Foundation would not be able to attend elementary school, let alone a secondary school.) multiplicar: multiply (To find the total benefits we must multiply this amount times the total population.) muy escasos/muy escasas: few and far between (Sunny, warm weekends have been few and far between this summer (= there have not been many). muy importante: major (We awaited major new developments in the peace talks.) muy por debajo de: far below (this translates into an interannual increase of 17.8%, far below the 31.8% reported for the private banking industry.) muy superior: far superior (The new technologies are usually far superior to the old technologies in terms of ...) (INICIO)

nacional: domestic (The president's domestic policy has been more successful than his foreign policy.); internal narcotrfico/trfico de drogas: drug-trafficking (aimed at making progress in areas of common interest such as the combat against drugtrafficking,) Nadie est contento con su suerte.: The grass is always greener on the other side. Nadie sabe lo que tiene hasta que lo pierde.: You never know what you've got till it's gone. Nasdaq, asociacin de comerciantes de acciones de valores en sistema computarizado, una de la organizaciones mas grandes de la bolsa de valores computarizado en los EEUU: NASDAQ (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation) necesidad de: need for (There's a growing need for low-cost housing.) necesidad ineludible/necesidad inaplazable: absolute need (These two figures perfectly illustrate the absolute need to implement these financial perspectives without delay.) necesidad urgente/necesidad apremiante: pressing need nefasto/nefasta: dire (Despite dire warnings from the experts regarding the consequences of this global problem) negociar con: negotiate with (I believe free trade is important, because to trade is to negotiate with the other country.) negocio en marcha/empresa en marcha: going concern (These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, conforming to the historical cost convention using the accrual method of accounting.) nicho de mercado: market niche ( our chief achievements in such critical areas as strategic partnerships, financial performance, product and service development, our market niche approach and business diversification.) nivel de vida: standard of living (Our country has a very high standard of living.); living standards (Unequal terms of trade create differential living standards across countries;) / nivel sin precedente: record-breaking level (Singapore bilateral trade reached record-breaking levels.) nivel: tier (And the public authority, at whatever tier of government, is the sole guarantor ...) niveles alcanzados: levels reached (The longer-term related question is whether prices will eventually return to or even surpass the levels

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reached before the crisis. no cabe duda de que/no hay duda de que: there is no doubt that no consta en acta: it does not appear in minutes; it is not in minutes; it has not been minuted no cumplir las expectativas: fall down on the job (The armed forces will take over if the local authorities fall down on the job.) no dejar nada al azar/no dejar nada a la casualidad: leave nothing to chance (Leaving nothing to chance, its organization has been designated as one of the main objectives of the Research and Development Unit of Labiofam.) no dejar ningn cabo suelto/no dejar ningn cabo por atar: leave nothing to chance (Leaving nothing to chance, its organization has been designated as one of the main objectives of the Research and Development Unit of Labiofam.) No dejes para maana lo que puedes hacer hoy.: Never (Dont) put off till tomorrow what you can do today. No es oro todo lo que brilla./No todo lo que brilla es oro.: All is not gold that glitters. / All that glitters is not gold. no es possible que se/no es probable que se: is not likely to be (the previous trend is not likely to be regained.) No hay atajo sin trabajo.: No gains without pain. No hay mal que por bien no venga.: Every cloud has a silver lining. No hay que hacer caso de las apariencias sino de los hechos.: Handsome is as handsome does. No hay que vender la piel del oso antes de cazarlo.: Dont count your chickens before theyre hatched. No hay rosa sin espina.: There is no rose without a thorn. No hay tiempo como el presente.: There's no time like the present. no obstante: nevertheless (Nevertheless, good performance of stock prices were not reflected in operation volumes ); however (However, successful management of the company enabled us to reach our planned objectives.) No se gan Zamora en una hora.: Rome was not built in a day. No se puede estar en misa y en procesin.: You cannot have it both ways. no sujeto a impuesto: noncontributory (A new solidarity and guarantee fund was created to articulate contributory and noncontributory financing, and to fund the system's solidarity component.) nombrado mediante: appointed by means of (They are appointed by means of a resolution of the Cabinet, upon proposal of the Finance Minister.); appointed by way of (The Project Teams shall be appointed by way of a resolution of the Foundation's Board of Directors.); appointed through (The Committee recommends that the Management Board is appointed through an open and transparent process.) nombrar: appoint (The independent auditors were appointed by); designate (The chairman designated his daughter as his successor.); name (The president has yet to name a new ambassador to Russia.) nominado en moneda nacional: denominated in domestic currency (Estonia does not have a developed market for long-term bonds denominated in domestic currency.) Norma Especfica de Informacin Financiera: Specific Financial Reporting Standard Normas Cubanas de Informaciones Financieras: Cuban Financial Information Standards (problems associated with accounting and internal controls, and characteristics of the new Cuban financial information standards to take effect in 2006) Normas Internacionales de Informacin Financiera (NIIF): International Financial Reporting Standards normas de auditora: auditing standards (We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards.) normas de contabilidad: accounting standards (The Bank implemented and prepared for fundamental regulatory changes in a number of areas, including accounting standards and capital management.) normas y reglamentos: regulations and rules (In addition, significant deviations have occurred in recent years in the implementation of existing regulations and rules.); regulations and rulings (The Plan is governed by regulations and rulings of the Internal Revenue Service and the Department of Labor, and current tax law.) normas: standards (is subject to the same credit approval, credit limit and monitoring standards as those applied to the Banks other credit transactions.); regulations (The durable solution to this issue is to follow logic, and to follow international law and regulations.) normativa/normativas: regulations (The government introduced a number of measures to simplify regulations on public procurement.) nos complace: we are pleased (We are pleased to inform you that ...); we have the pleasure (We have the pleasure to invite you to participate in the International Conference) nota de advertencia: warning note (On that day, despite a warning note from the Tunisian authorities, a representative of the delegation of

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the European Commission attended) notas al balance: notes to the balance sheet (Details on this impairment test are presented in the notes to the balance sheet.) notas complementarias: complementary notes notas de orientacin anti lavado de dinero: anti-money laundering guidance notes (The MLSA, in April 2008 issued a revised edition of the Anti-Money Laundering Guidance Notes to scheduled entities for consideration.) notificar: service (service a writ) Nuevo Acuerdo de Capital de Basilea: New Basel Capital Accord (The New Basel Capital Accord (Basel II) is the international standard that banking regulators can use when creating regulations about how much capital banks need to put aside to guard against the types of financial and operational risks banks) nueva arquitectura financiera internacional: new international financial architecture (In this context, the construction of this new international finance architecture must be congruent with socioeconomic development.) nueva arquitectura financiera regional: new regional financial architecture (In an April 28 interview with the Spanish newspaper El Pas, President Rafael Correa, a trained economist, offered succinct and revealing statements on the creation of a new regional financial architecture.) nuevo modelo econmico: new economic model (For example a new economic model for Romania which transforms our obsolete agriculture into a cash cow.) nuevo orden financiero y econmico internacional: new international economic and financial order (With the pace of globalization accelerating, it is essential to establish a new international economic and financial order that is fair and ...) (INICIO)

O o o: either or (As a consequence, we suggest that you either open several accounts or that you give access to your...) o: either (Written communication flows through either the legal representative or the Central Authority.) objetivo jurdicamente vinculante: legally binding target (The final compromise does not have a legally binding target for waste reduction.) objetivo: aim (The aim of our initiative is therefore also to change attitudes and behaviour.) objetivos sociales: social objectives (The social objectives of enterprises will be made more flexible in order to maximise their potential.) objeto social: corporate purpose (Since then, its corporate purpose and principal activity have comprised the management, support and promotion of ) obligacin: debenture= a certificate acknowledging the debt of a stated sum of money to a specified person / (On November 2, 2011, the Bank redeemed for cancellation $500 million in subordinated debentures maturing on November 2, 2016, at par value plus accrued interest.) obligaciones con el Banco Central: obligations with Banco Central obligaciones con el pblico: obligations with the public (Time series of obligations with the public are important to liquidity risk management in emerging economies, ) obligaciones con instituciones financieras: obligations with financial institutions (These accounts record the company's obligations with financial institutions in the country and abroad, ) obligaciones contractuales/compromisos contractuales: contractual commitments (Credit risk is the risk of a financial loss if an obligor does not fully honour its contractual commitments to the Bank.) obligaciones externas: external obligations (Low petrol prices forced the country to dip into its currency reserves in order to meet its external obligations and) obligaciones subordinadas: subordinated debentures (The oustanding balance of the Bank's subordinated debentures increased in 2009 with two new issues.) obligar legalmente/exigir legalmente: bind over obligatorio/obligatoria: mandatory (This training should be supplemented by mandatory continuing training.) obsrvese que: note that (Please note that we will be closed on Saturday.) obtencin: attainment (She achieved scholarly distinction with the attainment of the Ph.D.)

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obtener beneficios/obtener utilidades: make a profit (... will only be able to travel where entrepreneurs can expect to make a profit.) obvio/obvia: self-evident (So when it was time to choose a bank that was most capable of serving his companies well, the decision was self-evident.); obvious (For obvious reasons, he needs to find work soon.) ocasionar importantes cambios: bring about important changes (The wars helped to bring about important changes in the British colonies.) ocasionar: entail (Any investment entails risk.); bring about (We need to use our voice to bring about positive and meaningful social change.) ocioso: idle (idle money) / (The machines are standing idle because there are no spare parts.) ocuparse de: deal with (We have to deal with problems as they arise.); take care of (we will continue strengthening the appeal of National Bank as an institution that truly takes care of its clients) oferente/proponente: offeror (A contract is formed when one party (the "offeror") makes an offer which is accepted by the other party (the "offeree) oferta monetaria/masa monetaria: money supply (Changes in the money supply and the general level of interest rates can impact the Banks profitability.) oferta y demanda: supply and demand (Oil prices should be set by supply and demand, and not artificially regulated.) oficial de cumplimiento: compliance officer (the appointment of a compliance officer for combating the financing of terrorism.) oficina central: headquarters (the coordination between Headquarters and field offices was highlighted.) Oficina de Control de Activos Extranjeros: Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) (Denounces the decision adopted by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the US Treasury Department of prohibiting publishing by Cuban scientists in US territory.) Oficina de Marcas y Patentes de los Estados Unidos (USPTO): United States Patents and Trademark Office (United States Supreme Court denied to the Cuban company Cubaexport the possibility to defend its right to renew the registry of the prestigious brand Havana Club before the United States Patents and Trademark Office,) Oficina Nacional de Estadstica de Cuba (ONE): Cubas National Statistics Office (Cuba's National Statistics Office said the island imported $410 million worth of goods from the U.S. in 2010, mostly food products.) oficina principal: main office (Applications and instructions are available in the main office.) ofrecer: deliver (Better use of resources makes it possible to deliver quality services.) / (This enables us to deliver high quality language services at ...) Ojos que no ven, corazn que no siente: Out of sight, out of mind. oleoducto/gasoducto: pipeline (The pipeline provides an export route that is independent of the Russian pipeline system and the Bosphorus and Turkish Straits.) / (I refer to the proposal for a Baltic gas pipeline.) oneroso: burdensome (burdensome restrictions); onerous (The tax bill was aimed at lifting the onerous tax burden from the backs of the middle class.); oppressive opcin de compra: purchase option (When the lease's term is up, you can exercise the purchase option to obtain outright ownership of the asset.) opcin de venta: put option (A put option is a contract that gives the purchaser, in return for a premium paid, the right to sell the underlying securities at the specified exercise price during the term of the option.) operaciones bancarias de inversion: investment banking operations (As part of its investment banking operations, the Bank invests in several limited liability partnerships and incorporated entities.) operaciones bancarias: bank operations (Risk, in all its forms, must be rigorously managed. That means it must be identified, measured and controlled to ensure that Bank operations yield an adequate return for the level of risk assumed.) operaciones cambiarias: foreign exchange transactions (More than 17,000 business and corporate customers carry out their foreign exchange transactions with Monex.) operaciones con fondos obtenidos ilegalmente: transactions with illegally obtained funds (Reportable Transactions and Prevention and Detection of Transactions with Illegally Obtained Funds.) operaciones con recursos de procedencia ilcita: transactions with illegally obtained funds (Reportable Transactions and Prevention and Detection of Transactions with Illegally Obtained Funds.) operaciones de depsito: deposit operations (Professionals with the job title Deposit operations specialist are on LinkedIn.); deposit transactions (For deposit transactions, identify the sales revenue account that the deposit represents.) operaciones de crdito interbancario:

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operaciones de fideicomiso: trust operations (Our Corporate Trust Operations group is dedicated to providing excellent service to our bondholders.) operaciones de trueque: barter transactions (The value of the barter transactions with the Syrian Government ) operador de cambio/operador de cambio de divisas/operador cambiario/agente de cambio: foreign exchange trader (A foreign exchange, or FX, trader applies financial acumen and securities markets knowledge to buy, hold or sell assets on behalf of a financial institution. An FX trader has a flexible work schedule as currencies markets are continuously open from Monday through Friday. A currency trader typically holds a Bachelor's degree in business. oponerse a: argue against (They argued against a tax cut.) oportunidad de la informacin: timing of information (This paper examines the consequences of the differences in the timing of information disclosure between the U.S. and Japanese patent systems.) optar por: opt for (We opted for the second plan.); opt to (We opted to pay the fine.); choose (We chose the cash prize.) orden de pago: payment order (The entire non-state sector may use, in addition to cash, the following payment instruments: a) bank transfers, b) checks, c) payment orders, d) debit or credit cards, e) local letters of credit, f) demand bills, g) promissory notes, and h) others that are used in banking. orden monetario-financiero international: international monetary-financial order (The first chapter identifies some of the main problems of the current international monetary-financial order, within the context of the ongoing global economic crisis ) orden:sequence (Allow me to comment on them in the same sequence and using the same numbering of the paragraphs as in your letter.); order (they are arranged in strict alphabetical/numerical/ chronological order) ordenada por: sorted by (The database has information sorted by date, hazard, region, country, etc.,) ordenado/de forma ordenada/de manera ordenada: orderly (in order to contribute to the monetary and exchange rate stability, as well as the orderly development of the economy.) organismo madre/organismo paraguas/organismo que aglutina a varios grupos: umbrella organization (In 1997 the Central Bank of Cuba was created as an umbrella organization for banking supervision, the payment system and was also responsible for monetary and exchange rate policy.) organismos estatales: state bodies (The administrative capacity of state bodies for fighting corruption continues to need further improvement.) organismos: bodies ( has delegated the function to the intermediate bodies.) ( in coordination with the bodies responsible for management and systematize it.) Organizacin de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentacin: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (As pointed out by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, ) Organizacin Mundial de la Salud (OMS): World Health Organization (WHO) Organizacin para la Cooperacin y el Desarrollo Econmico (OCDE): Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) organizar: mastermind (The Cuban territory has never been used, nor will it be ever used to mastermind, finance or carry out terrorist acts against any country, including the United States.) organizativo/organizativa: organizational (organizational structures) rgano de gobierno: governing body (This report is reviewed by the governing body to ensure accountability.) rgano rector: governing body (Its function is to be the governing body of the environmental management system.) rganos: organs (Provided substantive servicing for the Assembly and its organs.); bodies (We believe that such thematic debates should become an integral part of the deliberations of other United Nations bodies as well.) orientacin socialista: socialist-oriented (Cooperatives seem poised to multiply, expand their range of activities and play a critical role in the new Cuban socialist-oriented economic model that is emerging.) orientacin: guidance (She never got any guidance when she needed it.) originar: bring about ( the mistrust of consumers that, together with a reduction in earnings, brings about the fall in the consumption, ) originarse en: be rooted in (The causes are rooted in the balance of payments crisis and in the systemic risks ); originate from (Until now, capital for private businesses has originated from the savings of the entrepreneurs, remittances from abroad, and informal finance.) oscilar entre y : range between and ; range from to (Prices range from $50 to $250.) otorgamiento de crdito: credit granting (Credit-granting decisions are based first and foremost on the results of the risk assessment.) otorgar (favor/prstamo): grant (the Bank does not grant this type of loan.)

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otorgar un permiso/una licencia: license (She is licensed to teach elementary school.) otra cosa: otherwise (unless otherwise agreed) otro de los factores: another of the factors (Expanding the quantity and quality of the workforce is another of the factors of economic growth.) otros activos: other assets otros ingresos y gastos no operacionales: other non-operational income and expense ( consist primarily of interest income, interest expense and other non-operational income and expense items.) (INICIO)

P Pacto Andino: Andean Pact pacto de recompra: repurchase agreement (which the buyer is obliged to sell back assets to the seller in relation to a transaction under a repurchase agreement.) pacto/convenio/contrato solemne: covenant (International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.) / (A covenant is a solemn agreement to engage in or refrain from a specified action.) padecer: undergo (He recently underwent heart bypass surgery.); bear (a too-slow adjustment that would require another twenty years of bearing the costs of monetary duality.) pagadero a la vista: payable on demand (Sight bills (also known as sight drafts or bills payable on demand) are the documents that allow for the collection of an amount previously agreed between ...) pagadero al portador: payable to the bearer (A bearer cheque is made payable to the bearer i.e. it is payable to the person who presents it to the bank for encashment.) pagadero a plazos: payable in instalments (payable in monthly instalments over two years) pagadero: payable (Please make your check payable to Broadway Antiques.) pagar: pay off (debts); pay the debts off; settle (to pay money owed); to settle old debts pagar a la vista: demand note (As a warranty to the faithful observance of these Regulations, the Exhibitor must submit a demand note for an amount equivalent to 20% (twenty percent) of the net value of the leased area.) pagar: promisory note (The promissory note is a legally binding document and you will be obligated to make payments ...); IOU= (I owe you) An informal document that acknowledges a debt owed. IOU is an abbreviation, in phonetic terms, of I owe you. / (... indigenous communities in which people sign an IOU, receive a loan for one thousand pesos, and then have to pay back ten thousand pesos.) / (In other words, a bond is an IOU, and as a bond investor you are a creditor or lender.)actfnd.orgactfnd.org pago a cuenta: payment on account (Such amounts as were retained hereunder shall have the character of payment on account to be offset against any tax payment or advance, under the procedure herein provided".) pago a la entrega de la mercancia: cash on delivery (COD) (To pay-now system we can include COD or money transfer.) pago a plazos/pagos a plazos: installment payment (Check one of the boxes below to indicate the Installment Payment that you wish to elect.:); installment payments (installment payments over a period of less than 10 years;) pago adelantado: advance payment; payment in advance (Payment in advance may be required or guaranteed by credit card.) pago anticipado: prepayment (Prepayment is good for the borrower because it relieves him/her of the debt, but it deprives the lender of interest ...) pago contra reembolso: cash on delivery (Methods of Payment: Sales via Internet can use traditional payment means, such as transfers, payment orders, cash on delivery but also other electronic commerce payment means such as virtual POS or Paypal, especially designed for business with consumers.) pago inicial: down payment (Credit Cards are accepted for your 20% down payment only.) pago por adelantado/pago por anticipado: payment in advance (Payment in advance may be required or guaranteed by credit card.); advance payment (No advance payment should be requested from patients, even more so as cost of care for rare diseases is often very high.) pago por resultados: payment by results pago: payment (in order to guarantee interest payments)

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pagos documentarios: documentary payments (Documentary Payments reduce the risk involved in foreign trade transactions.) / (One of the most common types of documentary payments is the letter of credit.) pas agrcola/pas agrario: farming country (Galicia has traditionally been considered a farming country) pases en vas de desarrollo: developing countries (Is this all we can manage to offer the developing countries?) pases exportadores de materias primas: commodity-exporting countries (On the other hand, if rising commodity prices do not result in higher imports by the commodity-exporting countries, they tend to have a global contractionary effect.) pases exportadores de petrleo: oil-exporting countries (Oil-exporting countries also played an increasingly important role with regard to global imbalances owing to the spike in oil prices.) pases industrializados: industrialized countries (In industrialized countries, scientific research and technological innovation are recognized as key factors in economic growth.) pases integrantes: member countries (General information on the European Union member countries, candidate countries and other European countries.); integrant countries (The external sales for the integrant countries of Mercosur had a 57% high in comparison to) pases miembros del ALBA: ALBA member countries (the ALBA member countries reiterated their condemnation of the economic, commercial and financial embargo of the US against Cuba); member countries of ALBA (On August 25, 2008, representatives of several member countries of ALBA met in Tegucigalpa ) palabra clave: keyword (You have 2 kind of search: search by keyword or by theme.) palabra de nuevo cuo/frase de nuevo cuo: coinage palanquilla de acero: steel billet (Ultimately, the minimill will create steel billets for further processing.) Panel de Solucin de Diferencias de la Organizacin Mundial del Comercio: World Trade Organizaton Dispute Settlement Panel (which was supported by the decision of the World Trade Organizaton Dispute Settlement Panel that ruled against the United States) papel esencial: vital role (It plays a vital role in the resolution of issues of operational cooperation.) papel fundamental: vital role (I am sure the European Parliament will play a vital role in all this.) papel vital: vital role (The vital role of women in peace building.) papeleo burocrtico: bureaucratic red tape (This would help prevent bureaucratic red tape and duplication of effort.) para el cumplimiento de sus funciones: to the fulfillment of its functions (Audit Committee determines are appropriate to the fulfillment of its functions under this Charter.) for the fulfillment of its functions (For the fulfillment of its functions the department of population health will have a coordinator); para el final de: by the end of (...announced that it would purchase $600 billion in Treasury securities by the end of the second quarter of 2011...) para ello cuenta con: in order to accomplish this, it counts on (In order to accomplish this, it counts on various retail and wholesale financing sources) para ello: for that (For that, basic structures and accountability processes are important.) Para gustos se han hecho colores.: There is no accounting for taste. para informacin adicional: for further information (For further information, or to request a brochure, please contact ) paraso fiscal: tax haven (Liechtenstein will soon cease to be a tax haven for the British.) para la cual: for which (If the quality of the sugar differs from the standard quality for which the intervention price was fixed, then this price shall be increased or reduced accordingly.) para lograr esto: in order to accomplish this (In order to accomplish this, a series of indicators have been created to measure certain aspects such as decisionmaking.) para tartar el problema: to bear on the problem (... description of the relevant technologies that this research brings to bear on the problem, ) para: in order to (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) parmetro: benchmark (Her performances set a new benchmark for classical pianists.); parameter (Aspin outlined the parameters of the debate between Congress and the Pentagon.) parar: halt (inflation was halted) (Congress voted additional funds in an effort to halt the spread of AIDS.) parece haber: appear to have (between six and ten of the dead appear to have been executed at the site with gunshot wounds to the head and body.)

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parece ser/estar: appear to be (More recently, however, its contribution to GDP growth has appeared to be fading.) parecer destinada: seem poised (Cooperatives seem poised to multiply, expand their range of activities and play a critical role in the new Cuban socialist-oriented economic model that is emerging.) parecer: appear (More recently, however, its contribution to GDP growth has appeared to be fading.); seem (The news seemed too good to be true.) parecerse a: look like (Do you want to see what a 21st century economic depression looks like? Just look at Greece.); resemble (These are one hundred percent Cuban companies which do not resemble any other company in the world.) paridad del poder adquisitivo (ppa): purchasing power parity (ppp) (We are the fourth largest economy of the world in terms of purchasing power parity.) / (Purchasing power parity is calculated by determining what each item purchased in a country would cost if it were sold in the U.S. These are then added up for all the final goods and services produced in that country for that given year.) paridad del poder adquisitivo per capita: purchasing power parity per capita / (PPP) per capita (This article includes three lists of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita, ) paridad: parity (Argentina opted for a fixed parity arrangement because it considered this the most appropriate...) paro: stoppage (After a two-day work stoppage in early July, another strike started in September.) parqu/patio de operaciones/sala de mercados: trading floor (Each company being negotiated at the trading floor must send its own brokers.) parte contratante: contracting party (Norway is not yet a contracting party to the revised Kyoto Convention.) parte cumplidora/ parte que cumple: non-breaching party (the non-breaching party may terminate the Agreement, by written notice to the breaching party, 30 days after first delivering notice of such breach and the failure to cure such breach within the 30 days.) parte incumplidora/parte que incumple: breaching party (the non-breaching party may terminate the Agreement, by written notice to the breaching party, 30 days after first delivering notice of such breach and the failure to cure such breach within the 30 days.) parte: party (Bangladesh is party to all major disarmament treaties.); share (We encourage the Security Council to devote a share of its attention to the issue of illicit brokering.) partes contratantes: parties to the contract (There are rules for interpreting written contracts in the event of a dispute among the parties to the contract.) partes involucradas: parties involved (Payments may be classified by the number of parties involved to consummate a transaction.) participacin: involvement (He was accused of involvement in the murder.) particularidades del sector bancario: (Tailor such schemes to the particularities of the banking sector being treated in order to ensure maximum effectiveness and restore lending.) particularmente: notably (Other sports have had work stoppages, most notably baseball.) partida de gasto: item of expenditure (In future years, they are likely to become the largest item of expenditure.) partida doble: double entry (finanzas) (The general accounts shall show, by the double entry method, all budgetary and non-budgetary revenue and expenditure for the financial year and are intended to establish the institution's assets.) partida: tem (Moreover, the Bank has adjusted certain specified items to make the data from fiscal 2011 and 2010 comparable.); entry (contabilidad) (The budget entry reflecting the budget guarantee for the loan component of the assistance will be activated only in the case of an effective call on the guarantee.) partidario de la economa de mercado libre: (a proponent of a free-market economy) free marketeer (George Osborne, the freemarketeer, ridicules the Robin Hood Tax.) partidario: supporter (He is a strong supporter of states' rights.) partir de la base de que: work on the principle that pase lo que pase: regardless (We want tax cuts, but regardless, we need to limit expenditures.) pasivo corriente/pasivo circulante: current liabilities (Bank overdrafts are shown within financial liabilities under current liabilities on the balance sheet. pasivo financiero: financial liabilities (Bank overdrafts are shown within financial liabilities under current liabilities on the balance sheet.) pasivo no corriente: non-current liabilities (As of March 31, 2009 the liability recognized by us is $71.1 million and is included as noncurrent liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.)

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pasivo/pasivos: liabilities (The business has liabilities of $5 million.) / (Items of the assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are converted into the currency of the capital at the average cash rates in force on the closing date.) pasivos con costo: cost-bearing liabilities (As of December 31 2005, the share of cost-bearing liabilities in total liabilities was 92.3 percent.) pasivos monetarios: monetary liabilities (During the past three years, our monetary liabilities have exceeded our monetary assets, ) pasivos que devengan intereses: interest-bearing liabilities (The increase in the average balance of total interest-bearing liabilities of $116.9 million increased interest expense by $.7 million and ...) pasivos que no devengan intereses: non-interest-bearing liabilities (A business's liabilities can be broadly categorized as interest-bearing and non-interest-bearing liabilities.) pasivos sin costo: non-cost-bearing liabilities (Debt includes non-cost-bearing liabilities.) paso: pace (Its pace of technological innovation outruns that of practically any other ) patrimonio de la humanidad: heritage of humanity (The heritage of original digital content-which might be digital photos, a web page or a database-makes up an integral part of the heritage of humanity.); heritage of mankind (Since 1894, we have been working in close partnership with records custodians around the world to preserve the heritage of mankind.) patrimonio neto y pasivo: net worth and liabilities (Total net worth and liabilities); net assets and liabilities (Net assets and liabilities.); equity and liabilities (Total equity and liabilities) patrimonio neto: equity capital (It is only when it has sufficient recognised equity capital that a bank can do business and expand its ...) patrimonio: net worth (to raise funds mainly from individual private investors, including high net worth individuals.) patrocinador/patrocinadora: sponsor (Corporate sponsors support many public TV programs.) patrocinar: sponsor (this team is sponsored by a hi-fi company) patrocinio: sponsorship (Participation and sponsorship from industry has itself become a national agenda ) pecuario/pecuaria: livestock (Concerns arise when the pace of change in the livestock sector exceeds the capacity of the rest of the economy to provide alternative employment opportunities.) pedir prestado: borrow (Could I borrow your bike until next week?) / (For personal loans and personal lines of credit, employees may not borrow more than 50% of their annual gross base salary at the reduced rate.) pedir: apply for (The self-employed and micro entrepreneurs may apply for loans starting at 3,000 CUP, ) peligros naturales: natural hazards (Natural hazards pose a major threat to the agricultural sector ...) pendiente (de pago): outstanding (oustanding accounts;outstanding debts) / (My credit cards usually have an outstanding balance.) pendiente (por resolver): outstanding (outstanding issues); unsolved; not finished Peor es el remedio que la enfermedad.: The cure is worse than the cause. / The solution is worse than the problem. / The cure is worse than the disease. pequeas y medianas empresas: small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) (Many businesses in the tourism industry are small and medium-sized enterprises and would already benefit from regulations for this category.) / (Commercial Banking serves the needs of small and medium-sized enterprises and large companies across Canada.) percibir un inters del: earn interest of (What amount of principal will earn interest of $175.50 at 6.5% in 8 months?) prdida de convertibilidad : loss of convertibility (The loss of convertibility of the convertible peso damaged companies with accounts in this currency. perfeccionamiento empresarial: enterprise improvement (Enterprise Improvement grants more autonomy to state enterprises within the framework of the plan.) perfeccionamiento: enhancement (The enhancement of reporting systems improved the quality of information provided to the subprogramme ) perfeccionar: improve (Ways and means should be found in order to introduce and improve mechanisms for cost-recovery aiming at pursuing the financial autonomy ...) perfilar: outline (The Guidelines have a section on monetary and exchange rate policy that outlines the intended changes for implementation in that field.) pericia: know-how (Marlo has the know-how to fix your computer.) / (financial know-how) / (technical know-how) peridicamente: from time to time (special issues of the journal will be published from time to time) periodicidad: regularity (assess the regularity and structure of credit committees at branches)

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peridico: recurring (Recurring costs represent costs for one year.) periodificaciones acreedoras: accrued expenses and deferred income (Expenses accrued and not yet paid and income accrued and not yet received are recorded under Accrued expenses and deferred income.) periodificaciones deudoras: prepayments and accrued income (Expenses paid in advance and income received in advance are recorded under Prepayments and accrued income.) Perodo Especial en Tiempo de Paz: Special Period in Peacetime (The term 'Special Period in Peacetime' has a curious etymology that explains much about its nature. It is derived from the phrase 'Special Period in time of war' ...) Permanecer vigente/permanecer en vigor/permanecer en vigencia: remain in effect permanente: standing (African-Americans headed five standing committees in the House of Representatives.) permiso de ausencia: leave of absence (No leave of absence shall be granted to any member who has completed a leave of absence within the preceding twenty-four months.) permitir (autorizar): allow (Youre not allow to talk during the exam.) / (Allow me to congratulate you on your election.) permitir (de posibilitar, de facilitar): enable (new technology will enable better communications) / (the new system will enable better communication between doctor and patient) permitirse: afford (Most citizens cannot afford to pay high court costs and legal fees when they are victimized.) Perro que ladra no muerde.: A barking dog seldom bites. perseguir: pursue (She single-mindedly pursued her goal of earning a law degree.) persona jurdica/persona social/persona civil: legal entity (references to a "person" shall be construed as references to both a natural person and a legal entity); body corporate (an authority to take decisions on behalf of the body corporate); legal person; juridical person; artificial person persona natural: natural persons (A cooperative is a group of legal or natural persons (associates) united voluntarily to meet needs and aspirations through a company that belongs to all equally and should be managed or controlled by them democratically. personal de apoyo/personal de respaldo: back-up staff (with perhaps up to twenty dealers, and a back-up staff of some fifty further individuals) personal directivo: executive staff (Each party has appointed one of these executive staff members.); managerial staff (The organigramme should include both the managerial staff (one person only), and the technical-administrative staff.) personal dirigente: managerial staff (In the ongoing expansion of our worldwide activities, we are looking for experienced managerial staff to successfully implement our strategic objectives.) personal ejecutivo: executive staff (Of the 36 executive staff members, 12 are from the South and 13 are women.) personal: staffing (There have been various references already to the staffing issue.) personalizar: customize (We will customize existing software to meet our clients' needs.) perspectiva: perspective(s); vistas (has opened new vistas for cooperation); prospect (the prospects of slow growth); outlook (The economic outlook is good.) / (world economic outlook) pertenecer a: belong to (Twelve countries belong to the eurozone ) perteneciente a: belonging to (Special attention will be paid to the rights of persons belonging to minorities in non-member countries.) pesar: weigh (these factors will weigh on employment growth) Pescar en ro revuelto: To fish in troubled waters. petrolfero: oil (...proposal would provide an appropriate or effective response in the event of an oil crisis.; oil bearing pie de cra: breeding stock pie de foto: caption ( include the required copyright credit after the caption in the body of your email.) / (Captions are a crucial part of the contest.) pignorable: pledgeable (Bonds pledgeable as a security for public deposits.) pignoracin de cuentas de ahorros: pledge of savings accounts (Any association may take the pledge of savings accounts of the association owned by a member other than the borrower as additional security for any loan ...); Piensa el ladrn que todos son de su condicin.: Evildoers always think the worst of others. / We all judge others by our own standards. pignoracin: pledge; pignoration (The word pignoration is used by Justinian in the title of the 52d novel, and signifies not only a pledge of property, but an engagement of the person.)

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pignorar (dar o dejar en prenda): pledge = (Something left as security with someone to whom one owes money, etc.) / (The property that will be pledged as collateral for a loan.) pilar de la economa: pillar of the economy (The manufacturing sector has been and is the pillar of the economy.) planear: mastermind (The Cuban territory has never been used, nor will it be ever used to mastermind, finance or carry out terrorist acts against any country, including the United States.) planta de produccin de ltima generacin: state-of-the-art manufacturing facility (State of the art manufacturing facility with two automated chemical processing lines.) plantear: bring up (This is the reason why I bring up this issue.); pose (This could pose challenges to local environments.) / (We would like to pose the following questions.) plantilla: staff (She joined the staff of the Smithsonian Institution in 1954.) plantillas infladas: inflated staffs (Under the above heading Izvestia printed an article about inflated staffs in the Ukraine Republic Ministry of the Food Products Industry.); bloated staffs (with higher labor productivity and reducing the "bloated staffs", that, by April, will lay off half a million workers, displaced to the private sector.); inflated payrolls (If we keep the inflated payrolls in nearly every sector of national life and pay salaries that fail to correspond with the result of work) plataforma continental: continental shelf (The continental shelf is the extended perimeter of each continent and associated coastal plain.) plataforma de servicio virtual: virtual service platform (Virtual Service Platform enables multiple and diverse operating systems and applications hosted in virtual environments, terminal servers, ...) plazo: installment (In respect of the payment of the second installment, the procedures and requirements which apply to the renewal of ...) / (Amount calculated according to the installment percentage.) plena fe: full faith ( full faith and credit should be given to such certificate.) pleno apoyo/ pleno respaldo: full endorsement (... Member States have given the Programme their full endorsement.) / (I am sure that those conclusions will receive the full endorsement of the European Parliament.) pleno empleo: full employment (Cancellation of the full employment policy, which includes rationalization of state employment of more than one million workers ) plica: escrow (The Bank expects that the conditions will be met, and that the shares held in escrow will be released over the next year.) / (The escrow holder has the obligation to safeguard the funds and/or documents while they are in his/her possession and to disburse funds and/or convey title only when all provisions of the escrow have been complied.) plusvala: goodwill (The purchase price exceeded the fair value of the net assets acquired by $224 million, and this excess amount was recorded as goodwill in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.) poblacin de 65 y mas aos de edad: population aged 65 and above (The proportion of the population aged 65 and above is more than 12% of the total in Cuba, ) poblacin en edad laboral/poblacin activa: working age population (By raising the employment rate of the working age population we can counter to a large extent the effect of demographic ageing on economic dependency ratios.) poblacin mundial: worlds population (That right is currently denied to more than one fifth of the world's population.) poco a poco: gradually (Sales of the product are improving gradually.) poco ms de: a little more than (The entire family survives on a little more than a dollar a day.); rather more than ( to allow Palestinians to live and breathe rather more than they have the chance of doing at the moment.) poco ms o menos: approximately; roughly (The town's population has roughly doubled.) poco menos que/de : little less than (A little less than 70% of the reported measures initiated last year ); slightly less than (Slightly less than half (49.1 %) of the same cohort of enterprises survived ) poco probable que: unlikely to (In addition, as a group they were unlikely to meet the goal of eradicating extreme poverty and hunger by 2015.daccess-ods.) pocos/pocas: few (He is one of the few (people) I can trust to keep a secret.) poder terminar: make it (the deadlines on Friday and were not going to make it) poder adquisitivo: purchasing power (the dual currency tends to be associated with the low purchasing power of wages and inequality.) poder/estar capacitado para/ser capaz de/ saber: be able to (After high inflation at the beginning of the 1990s, the economic authorities were able to stabilize prices.) Poderoso caballero es Don dinero.: Money talks. poltica comercial: trade policy (Therefore, trade policy and trade reform need to be made)

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poltica de ajuste: adjustment policy (The government has been applying a tough adjustment policy ) poltica de precios: pricing policy (However, issuing banks cannot pursue an individual pricing policy for the services they provide for acquiring banks.) poltica econmica: economic policy (Cuban economic policy was able to control the three-digit inflation that had emerged at the beginning of the decade as a result of the crisis and macroeconomic imbalances.) poltica macroeconmica: macroeconomic policy (An appropriate and tension-free macroeconomic policy approach consists of the following ingredients) poltica monetaria anticclica: counter-cyclical monetary policy (Counter-cyclical monetary policy in developing countries is needed) poltica monetaria y financiera: monetary and financial policy (In addition, they address issues of common interest related to international monetary and financial policy.) polticas contables: accounting policies (When necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group, the accounting policies of the associate companies are modified.) polticas monetarias: monetary policies (The Bank of Canada has no control over changes in monetary policies or capital market conditions.) ponderar: weigh (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) poner a disposicin de: make available to (In that event the competent authorities may authorize the company only to make available to the public either the own or the consolidated accounts, provided that the accounts which are not made available to the public do not contain any significant additional information.) poner a prueba: pilot (Our district is piloting a day-care program.) poner a punto: hone (Growth Research helps you hone your growth strategy by looking at opportunities from multiple perspectives ) poner de manifiesto: set forth (She set forth her views in) poner de relieve: throw into relief ( was thrown into relief by concerns over the European sovereign debt.); bring into relief; underscore (It should be underscored that 90% of the Banks direct portfolio is collateralized with real guarantees or outside repayment sources, ) poner en funcionamiento: put in place (New guidelines were put in place to facilitate and promote referrals among our three business segments.) poner en marcha: put in place (New guidelines were put in place to facilitate and promote referrals among our three business segments.); get underway (It's time to get this project underway (= started).) poner en vigor: put into effect; put into force poner freno/poner coto a: put a curb on (High interest rates put a curb on spending.) poner punto final a: put a stop to (We found the perfect solutions to put a stop to the most common household energy vampires.) poner: put (This puts me in a very difficult position.); place (As with every year, we take this opportunity to reciprocate the trust our shareholders and investors have placed in us, ) poqusimos/poqusimas: few and far between (Sunny, warm weekends have been few and far between this summer (= there have not been many). por (alguien): on (sbs) account (Don't cook on my account, I'm perfectly happy with a sandwich.) por arriba de: above (Our wages are above average.) por causa de: on account of (She claimed that she was denied admission to the school on account of her race.) por consiguiente: therefore (Therefore, for the quarter ended January 31, 2012, the Bank will present consolidated financial statements in accordance with); hence (Hence, the advantages outweigh some problems that will emerge as the provisions of this decision are applied.) ; as a result; accordingly (Accordingly, actual results could differ from these estimates,); thereby (The Office of the President carries out its responsibilities as a team, thereby ensuring consistency as well as information and knowledge sharing among the Banks business units.) por cuenta propia: on own account (firms which provide investment services and/or perform investment activities consisting exclusively in dealing on own account on markets in financial futures) por debajo de: below (the decline in value below its cost) por diversas razones: for a variety of reasons (This is of vital importance for a variety of reasons.) por ejemplo: e.g. abbreviation for exempli gratia (= Latin for "for example") (Eat foods containing a lot of fiber, e.g., fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.) USAGE: In spoken English, people say "for example" or "such as" instead of "e.g."; for instance (Can you tell us a little of your background? For instance, where were you born?)

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por el cual/por la cual/por lo cual/por lo que/por los cuales:; which (which there have been confrontations between the different groups, resulting in persons injured and imprisoned.); whereby (a system whereby payments are made automatically) por el momento: for the time being (Nevertheless, for the time being, the economic and monetary rebalancing is proceeding fairly harmoniously, ) por el presente/por la presente: hereby (We hereby undertake to attain these objectives ) / (I hereby certify that the above named groom and bride were joined by me in marriage in accordance with the laws of ) por el que / por los que: by which por ello: this is why, thereby (The Office of the President carries out its responsibilities as a team, thereby ensuring consistency as well as information and knowledge sharing among the Banks business units.) por encima de la media: above average (Ireland is now above average and continues to see productivity gains.) por encima de toda duda: without question por encima de: in excess of (the Bank seeks to ensure that trading and investment decisions do not entail risks in excess of preset limits.); above (Our wages are above average.) / (September was the second month in a row when indus- trial sector sales grew above 10% yoy) por ende: as a result (As a result, 'powerful schools' were able to attract more funds.); hence (Hence, the credit system accelerates the material development of the productive forces and the establishment ...) por equivocacin/por error: in error (I authorize CSE to contact the financial institution and make debit entries and adjustments for any credit entries made in error to my account.) por esa razn: thereby (The Office of the President carries out its responsibilities as a team, thereby ensuring consistency as well as information and knowledge sharing among the Banks business units.) por escrito: in writing (We need to have your offer in writing before we can respond to it.) por eso: thereby (They had failed to agree to a settlement, thereby throwing 250 people out of work.); that is why; hence (A better working environment improves people's performance, and hence productivity.) por este medio: hereby (I hereby certfy that the anexed documents) por la cual/por la que: for which (The information must be provided as soon as the reason for which the information is withheld ceases to exist.) por la presente: hereby (in documents) (I hereby declare) / (I hereby commit to inform the United Nations Environment Programme that ) por lo comn: as a rule (As a rule (= Usually), we don't allow children in here.) por lo cual/por lo que: for which; which is why (... need to carry out more accurate assessments of the risks involved in the granting of loans by banks, which is why adopting a new agreement (Basel II) is important.) / (For us, our consumers and customers are the most important part of the company, which is why we are committed to offering them the best brands, products, and services.) por lo dems: otherwise (She mentioned her marriage; otherwise she said nothing about herself.) por lo general: generally (Generally, it is sufficient to include financial statements from the prior three years ); as a rule (The Minister of State and the government councillors make up the Government Council, which meets as a rule once a week.); for the most part (We have our differences but for the most part we work together as allies and friends.); habitually (They habitually have a high school level of formal education.) por lo que a respecta: as far as is concerned (As far as after-service medical benefits are concerned, such liability should normally be determined by actuarial evaluation.) por lo que todo este/por lo que toda esta: so that all this (Ultimately I'm planning to release the whole website under some kind of open licence, so that all this information will be free forever.) por lo que todo lo que: so that all that (This document details a much faster method of producing a standard PC image so that all that is needed for a new PC is to image it and enter a new Windows ...) por lo tanto: therefore (Therefore, the results are reviewed periodically and lead to model adjustments if necessary.); hence (Hence, armed intervention must be seen as an ...); accordingly por otra parte/por otro lado: on the other hand (On the other hand, the indebtedness ratio (liability/equity) decreases to 9.62 times.); what is more (What is more, there is no evidence that the aid is degressive if the purpose of it is to cover...); moreover (the contract moreover stipulates that ) por pagar: outstanding (not yet paid) (My credit cards usually have an outstanding balance.); overdue (past the time required for payment) por parte de: on the part of (There is a greater understanding on the part of the international community concerning )

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por principio: on principle (I never borrow money, on principle); as a matter of principle (I never borrow money, as a matter of principle); as a point of principle por razones de seguridad: for security purposes (In any global framework for exchange of mass commercial data for security purposes, the EU must forcefully project its own laws and principles.) por regla general: as a general rule (As a general rule I try to avoid reading internet comments.) por su parte: in turn (Developing countries in turn are reluctant to constrain their emissions.) por todas partes, por todos lados: all over the place (You see them all over the place, you see them in America.) por ultimo: finally (Finally, I recommend that all extrajudicial negotiation between the parties, would be more useful ) por ultimo pero no menos importante: last but not least (Last but not least, I want to thank our interpreters for their tireless efforts.) Por un clavo se pierde una herradura.: For want of a nail the shoe is lost. por una parte: on the one hand (On the one hand, human security involves the construction of a civic ethos.) por: because of (I did it because of you.); via (I sent the application papers via fax.) porcentaje sobre el PIB/como porcentaje del PIB: as a percentage of GDP (Additional problems are Japan's much weaker financial position (gross debt as a percentage of GDP is close to 200%) and the country's ageing population.) porcin: share (You can ask us to reimburse you for our share of the cost.) posdata: postscript; P.S. posibilidad: alternative; possibility; likelihood (There's little likelihood of a compromise.); prospect posibilidades: prospects (the prospects of slow growth) / (Prospects in the computer industry are excellent.); scope (this should give you plenty of scope for your talents) posibilitar: make posible (These projects will make possible the exchange of good practice and the experimentation ...) posicin de maxima supremaca: be in the drivers seat (Emerging economies are in the drivers seat.) posicin de mxima autoridad: be in the drivers seat (Emerging economies are in the drivers seat.) posicin de mxima dominacin: be in the drivers seat (Emerging economies are in the drivers seat.) posicin: standing (financial standing) / (You must pay dues to remain a member in good standing.) posponer: defer (You can order the furniture now and defer payment until September.) / (The deferred devaluation of the official rate of the Cuban peso, ) postergar: defer (You can order the furniture now and defer payment until September.) / (The deferred devaluation of the official rate of the Cuban peso, ) potenciar (comercio): boost (measures to boost trade) potenciar (conocimiento, entendimiento, comprensin): advance (Research has advanced our understanding of the virus.) prctica comn: common usage (There are seven common usage patterns, that help to speed up the process of implementing connectivity and integration solutions.) prctica contable: accounting convention prctica del costo histrico: historical cost convention (The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with the United Nations system accounting standards.) prcticamente: just about (I have just about finished now.) precedente legal: legal precedent precedente: foregoing (The foregoing list of risk factors is not exhaustive.); preceding (The table on the preceding page shows the test results.) preceder: forego; precede (Nouns are often preceded by adjectives.) precio de mercado/valor de mercado: mark-to-market/mark to market severely exacerbated the crisis.) (Application of the mark-to-market accounting method has

precio de venta: selling price (The selling price is determined by an independent expert.) precios actuales del mercado: current market prices (Total credit risk exposure to a counterparty must include the cost of replacing unmatured transactions at current market prices.) precisar: pin down (As for the date, that is more difficult to pin down.) / (But the real figure is impossible to pin down.)

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preciso/precisa: accurate (We need accurate information before we can develop a plan of action.) predecir: foretell (... economic recession is temporary or how long it will last and how deep it will be, is not possible to foretell.); forecast (The government is forecasting that unemployment will continue to fall.) predominante: prevailing (Fortunately the prevailing tendency of national governments seems to indicate the sensible path to take ); dominant (the current dominant big state sector in Cuba.) preparacin (de un asunto): preparation (By April, war preparations were moving ahead.); make preparations for something; preparacin del presupuesto: budgeting (For budgeting purposes, you really have to start estimating costs now.) preparacin: readiness (t is vital to maintain our readiness for war); in readiness for= prepare and waiting (the troops held themselves in readiness for further orders) preponderante: dominant (the current dominant big state sector in Cuba.) presenciar: witness (This decade also witnessed the establishment of the two tiers that replaced the former single bank system.) presentacin razonable: fair presentation ( the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, ) presentan razonablemente; ( present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of.) presentar (a consideracin): submit (Reports are also submitted to the Audit and Risk Management Committee and to the Banks Board of Directors.) presentar (queja/demanda/reclamacin/solicitud): file (ensuring that inmates may avail themselves of legal representation to file complaints) / (You must file a claim for any benefits you are entitled to from any other source.) / (If management required additional time, it could file an application with the judge.) / (You can file your Appeal any time within 180 days of the date of the original coverage denial.) presentar a/ presentar ante: file with (On an unspecified date, a similar complaint was filed with the General Prosecutor of Belarus;) presentar/proponer (argumento/idea/plan): put forward (None of the ideas that I put forward have been accepted.); put forth (He put forth a clear, logical argument.); set out (at the same time, the Commission must set out the overall strategy that it intends to pursue.) presentar: submit (The most important document you must submit when you apply for a visa is your passport.); present (The Government intends to present the law proposal in the course of the spring 2008.) preservacin del medio ambiente: protection of the environment (In the middle of a financial crisis, it serves as a reminder that protection of the environment is not a luxury, ...) Presidente (in the US): Chief Executive (is the US president) Presidente de los Consejos de Estado y de Ministros: President of the Councils of State and Ministers presidente interino/presidente provisional: acting president (At the year-end meeting of the National Assembly, acting president Raul Castro says there is no excuse for the transportation and food production problems that anger many Cubans.) Presidente/Presidenta (que preside algo: una reunin, un comit, una organizacin) :chairperson (All the members of the committee take turns acting as chairperson.); chairman; chairwoman Presidente/Presidenta: President (de una compaa, de un banco) (The company's board of directors will name a new president at its next meeting.) prestaciones de la seguridad social/pagos de la seguridad social: welfare payments (In countries where welfare payments are still largely paid in cash we encourage the use of lower denomination bank notes.) prestaciones por jubilacin: old-age benefits (Old-age benefits cover benefits that provide a replacement income when the aged person retires from the labour market,) prestaciones sociales: social provision ( economic growth can make a decisive contribution to job creation and that that is the best guarantee for social provision.) prestamista de ltima instancia: lender of last resort (In the end the Central Bank did its job as lender of last resort.) prestamista: lender (If the borrower defaults, the lender has the right to sell the collateral ...) prstamo con intereses: interest-bearing loan (Interest-bearing loans and borrowings are recorded at approximately fair value.) prstamo de ltima instancia: last resort loan (Clearly regulators do not extract all the value available in banks which come to them for last resort loans.) prstamo deteriorado: impaired loans (The allowance for credit losses, which includes specific allowances for impaired loans and...) prstamo sin intereses: interest free loan (Interest free loans are fee free, free money or cash in your wallet - its as easy as that.)

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prstamo sindicado: syndicated loan (One of the measures proposed under the financing plan was a syndicated loan.) prstamo: loan (In such cases, the interest rate of the loan will be reduced by); lending (I would like to tackle money lending as well, but that is another issue.); borrowing (Jefferson opposed government borrowing.) prstamos bancarios: bank loans (Authorized new forms of bank loans to boost self-employment, agricultural production and housing rehabilitation.) prstamos en moneda nacional: local currency loans (small farmers may apply local currency loans in country's banks) prstamos hipotecarios: mortgage loans (mortgage loans are granted at the posted rate less 2%) prstamos pendientes: oustanding loans (In addition, capital repayments on the outstanding loans were made according to plan.) prstamos vencidos: overdue loans (well before the loan is delinquent, striving to create proactive strategies to diminish the occurrence of overdue loans.); past-due loans (As of year-end 2008 the ratio of loan loss provisions to past-due loans was healthy, at 11 times.) prstamos vigentes: outstanding loans (The provision for credit losses nearly doubled to $83 million from $43 million a year ago, reflecting an increase in outstanding loans for the ...) prstamos y anticipos a bancos/prstamos y adelantos a bancos: loans and advances to banks (Loans and advances to banks and customers are initially recorded at fair value, ) prstamos y anticipos a clientes/prstamos y adelantos a clientes: loans and advances to customers (The number of loans and advances to customers at the end of the accounting year is included here.) prestar servicio: render service (It included activities that render services as well as those that produce goods.) prestar: lend (Can you lend me a few dollars till payday?); deliver (the need to build institutions that could deliver services to the people.) / (Administrations have to deliver more and better services with equal ...) / (Personal Bankings mission is to deliver a full range of financial products and services, ) prestatario: borrower (n) (If the borrower defaults, the lender has the right to sell the collateral) presupuesto del estado: State Budget (According to the State Budget for 2011,) presupuesto: budget (In addition, governments intent on bringing budgets back into balance in the medium term will wind down the stimulus they deployed to fight the recession.) pretender: aim (We aim to get there by noon.); intend (It is not intended that changes happen all at once ) prevaleciente, predominante: prevailing (The prevailing view is that economic growth is likely to slow down.) prevenir y detectar movimientos de capitales ilcitos: prevent and detect illegal capital flows (the Cuban banking and financial system has been implementing systematic measures to prevent and detect illegal capital flows.) prever: foresee (He foresaw the need for cars that would be less polluting.); expect (A GDP growth of 3.1% is expected for the year 2011.) previo aviso: advance warning (We got no advance warning of the changes.); advance notice previsible: foreseeable (A foreseeable challenge is whether, effectively, these three banks whose basic experience and knowledge was formed under the logic of credit for medium-size and large SOEs will be able to speedily assume the principles that govern microfinance.) previsto: foreseen (... the sales volume increased less than foreseen.); provided (provided by the statutes) prima: premium (We collect interest on our loans and premiums on our insurance products.) primas y descuentos: premiums and discounts (Premiums and discounts are an important factor to consider before investing in an exchange traded fund.) primario: primary (the primary stages of development) Primer Secretario de Partido Comunista de Cuba: First Secretary of the Comunist Party of Cuba primeramente: firstly (Firstly, by dedicating an important part of our budget to grants and scholarships and to supporting projects in progress,) primeros: early (Early indications are that there was another increase in 2004.); primordial: primary (The primary goal of the space flight was to recover a satellite.) principal: main (the main thing is that); chief (This report will summarize our chief achievements ) principales componentes: major components (The major components of a database system include: 1. Data; which is the most relevant.2. The data structures used to store the data e.g tables, columns, views,) principales economas: major economies (None of the world's major economies will escape a slowdown, the Organization for Economic

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Co-operation and ...) / Late last month, the United States convened the second meeting of the world's major economies.) principalmente: primarily (The company's failure was primarily due to weak sales.); mostly (Community legislation indeed is mostly implemented at Member State level.) principios y procedimientos de contabilidad: principles and procedures of accounting prioridad: priority (Tight cost management also contributed to our results and remains a strategic priority.) privacidad: privacy (In Switzerland, banking secrecy protects the financial privacy of citizens from unauthorised access by third parties or by the State.) proactiva: proactive (It is also working to build a proactive sales and service culture focused on customer needs.) probabilidad: likelihood (There's little likelihood of a compromise.) probablemente: likely (it will likely rain) (Despite growth of only about 2% in the advanced economies, global GDP is likely to expand about 3.5% in 2011,) probar ser: prove to be (The new safety procedures have so far proven to be satisfactory.) probar: prove (The new safety procedures have so far proven to be satisfactory.) problema de liquidez: cash flow problem (Late payments from Member States may create a cash flow problem.) proceder: proceed (we decided to proceed with the plan as agreed) procedimiento a seguir en tales casos: procedure to be followed in such cases procedimiento a seguir: procedure to be followed (Procedure to be followed by employees in depositing gifts of more than minimal value and reporting acceptance of travel or travel expenses.) procedimiento de estimacin: estimation procedure (The estimation procedure is based largely on the use of ) procedimientos: procedures (In charge of implementing governance rules, procedures and policies.) procurar: strive (The Bank strives to serve all the financial needs and maintain the loyalty of its existing clients.) produccin y comercializacin: production and marketing (Livestock production and marketing are interrelated.) producir importantes cambios: bring about important changes (The new law will bring about important changes in the educational system.) producir intereses: bear interest (These financial transactions bear interest.); que produce intereses: interest bearing (including shares in other entities and interest-bearing instruments.) producir: bear (These measures bore more fruit in Canada.); yield (to ensure that Bank operations yield an adequate return for the level of risk assumed) / (this new variety yields more fruit) productividad del trabajo: labor productivity (In labor productivity is expected a growth relatively higher than the average wage,) productividad laboral: labor productivity (In labor productivity is expected a growth relatively higher than the average wage,) productividad: productivity/productiveness (A pleasant working environment increases productivity.) producto altamente rentable (vaca lechera): cash cow (For example a new economic model for Romania which transforms our obsolete agriculture into a cash cow.) productor agropecuario: agricultural producer (This paper has been prepared by the International Federation of Agricultural Producers.) productor/fabricante: producer (Our researchers are also producer.) productos bsicos: commodities (The countries that have commodities must be paid a fair price for their resources.) productos manufacturados: manufactured goods (Manufactured goods are goods that have been processed by way of machinery. As such, they are the opposite of raw materials, but include intermediate goods ...) productos primarios: commodities (It concerns many other commodities and commodity-dependent countries.) profundizar en: pursue (Pursuing its social vision, Banco Improsa continued with its approach of channeling the funds of major investors into small and medium enterprises with limited financing capacity.) programa de cumplimiento: compliance program (A A compliance program needs to address the specific risks that a corporation faces. needs to address the specific risks that a corporation faces.) Programa de la Revolucin Energtica: Energy Revolution Programme (In this regard, the experience gained by the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and the Republic of Cuba through the "Energy Revolution" programme is to be made available to PetroCaribe member countries.)

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progresista: forward-looking (The dictates is challenging new shapes and design combined with forward looking finishing technology.) prolongado: lengthy (en el tiempo) (This will set us on the right course and avoid a lengthy conciliation procedure.) promediar: average (My grades vary from year to year, but they average (out to) 3.2, or a little better than a B.) / (the temperature has averaged 5C over the last 12 days) promedio: average (The appreciation of the Canadian dollar, whose average exchange value could somewhat exceed parity with the U.S. dollar in 2011, ...) prometedor: promising (Finally, for the future of this sector to be genuinely promising, constant attention must be paid to developing it.) prometer: pledge (To our clients and shareholders, we appreciate your support and pledge to work hard to maintain your trust.) promocin inmobiliaria: property development promover: boost; foster (by fostering an environment of low interest rates); advance promulgacin: enactment (Supporters were pleased with the enactment of the bill.) promulgar: enact (It is up to the Member States to enact the right sort of regulations.); promulgate (OFAC promulgates general licenses and special licenses to authorize certain activities, transactions, and dealings) pronosticar: foretell (... economic recession is temporary or how long it will last and how deep it will be, is not possible to foretell.); forecast (The government is forecasting that unemployment will continue to fall.) prontamente: speedily (The error can be speedily corrected.) pronunciada cada: steep plunge (Of note was a steep plunge in other operating income ) pronunciado descenso: steep plunge (Of note was a steep plunge in other operating income ) pronunciar (discurso, fallo, sentencia, veredicto): deliver (Speech delivered by Bruno Rodrguez Parrilla at the United Nations General Assembly) / (The jury delivered a verdict of not guilty.) propagar: disseminate (disseminate information to people on the streets and in their homes.) propiedad inmobiliaria: real estate (For the first time in a half-century, Cubans will be allowed to buy and sell real estate openly, bequeath property to relatives without restriction ...) propiedad social: social property ( cooperatives, as social property, cannot be sold nor their ownership transferred to other cooperatives, non-state forms of management or to individuals.) propiedad, planta y equipo: (Property, plant and equipment are initially recorded at their cost of acquisition and/or construction.) propietario beneficioso/propietario efectivo: beneficial owner (A customer or beneficial owner who is a politically exposed person, in which case such measures include obtaining the approval of the senior management of the said institutions for the establishment of a business relationship ) proponer: propose (Most of those guidelines are still fully valid, and it is extremely difficult to propose a synthesis.) proporcin de los nacimientos por sexo: sex ratio at birth (Data for 2005 show a sex ratio at birth of 119 boys to every 100 girls, rising from 109 in 1982.) proporcin deuda/PIB: debt-to-GDP ratio (governments of the mature economies are about to implement in order to put debt-to-GDP ratios on more sustainable paths.) proporcin por sexos: sex ratio (statistical data from the past seven years indicate that the imbalance in the sex ratio is decreasing.) proporcin: ratio (The ratio of men to women at the conference was ten to one.) proporcionalmente: pro rata (adverb) (expenses will be charged pro rata) proporcionar a: provide (Provide our customers superior financial solutions tailored to meet their needs.) proporcionar: furnish (Please furnish detailed statistical information about the housing situation in your country.) / furnish (Please furnish quantitative and descriptive information on the progress realized and the ...) prorrateado/prorrateada: pro rata (adjective) (to make a pro rata distribution) prorratear: prorate (For multiterritory enterprises, it is necessary to prorate the total operations of the enterprise into the individual economies.) proseguir: proceed (The world recovery is proceeding at an uneven pace.); pursue (Pursuing its social vision, Banco Improsa continued with its approach of channeling the funds of major investors into small and medium enterprises with limited financing capacity.) prspero: affluent (An ever more affluent Europe needs mobility.) pros y contras: the pros and cons (We considered all the pros and cons carefully before deciding to buy a bigger house.)

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protagonistas: players (We are active players in the rapidly changing world of financial institutions.) Proteccin de la Capa de Ozono: Ozono Layer Protection proteccin del consumidor: consumer protection (Environmental and consumer protection have the highest priority.) / (Strengthen the administrative capacity in the area of consumer protection.) proteger: safeguard (Judges have an obligation to safeguard our right to free speech and a free press.) proveedores de crdito no financiero: non-financial credit providers (Estimates are that 60 percent of all credit issued in Mexico is offered by non-financial credit providers.) proveer: furnish (The Insured must furnish proof to the Company that full reimbursement has been obtained from the airline) / (... officers, members, agents or employees are under an obligation to furnish the books, documents, accounts or securities required by the examiner.); supply (The dam supplies San Francisco with water and power. provisin para prdidas en prstamos: loan loss provision (The loan loss provision went from US$55.1 million in 2008 to US$66.5 million in 2009.) provisiones de activos financieros: financial asset provisions (Provisions include loan loss provisions, other financial asset provisions, ) provisiones para insolvencias: loan-loss provisions (Operating expenses remained stable (inflation of 3.7%), while loan-loss provisions reinforced the trend of previous quarters.) provisiones para la cartera de prstamos: provisions for loan portfolio (In consideration of the macroeconomic situation of the country Swedbank in Lithuania has increased provisions for loan portfolio and reduced ...) provisiones para las deudas incobrables: provisions for bad debts (We maintain provisions for bad debts for estimated credit losses that result from the inability of our customers to make required ...) provisiones para prdidas: allowances for losses (the necessary allowances for losses in accounts receivable, fixed assets, contingent liabilities and other similar accounts) provocar importantes cambios: bring about important changes (The wars helped to bring about important changes in the British colonies.) provocar: bring about (the mistrust of consumers that, together with a reduction in earnings, brings about the fall in the consumption,), trigger (Eating chocolate can trigger a migraine headache in some people.) prximo mes/prximo ao: next month/year; coming month/year prximo/venidero: coming (We look forward to even greater success in the coming year.); next proyecciones econmicas: economic projections (In June, the National Bank of Belgium (NBB) presented its economic projections for Belgium for 2011.) pruebas documentales: documentary evidence (The Office shall retain a copy of those pieces of documentary evidence in its files.) pues: because (probable have to book this service in advance because demand fluctuates depending on the time of year.) puesto de cara al cliente: customer-facing position (the addition of over 300 cusomer-facing positions in Personal and Commercial Banking.) puesto que: since (Since the Bank does not consolidate the Trust, the deposit note is presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet under Deposits.), as (As it was getting late, I decided to stop at a motel.); inasmuch as (Inasmuch as funding is not available, building plans have been delayed.) puesto: position (she applied for the position of manager) pujante: booming (However, the big media continues to speak about China's booming economic power.) pulir: hone (He helps performers hone their skills as dancers and singers.) puntero: leading (As the leading investment bank in Quebec with a strong presence across Canada, the Financial Markets segment provides a diverse range of financing solutions) punto crtico: turning point (I believe that we have reached a turning point.) punto de inflexin: turning point (This marked an important turning point.) punto de referencia: benchmark (The Banks objective is to be the benchmark in the Quebec retirement market and a key player outside Quebec.) punto de ruptura: breaking point (This was probably the breaking point in relations between the European Commission and the Member States) punto de venta al por menor/punto de venta al detalle: retail outlet (The company has more than 1200 retail outlets nationwide.)

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punto de venta: outlet (Investment solutions, products and specialized services are provided directly to clients or through some 775 investment advisors working in over 100 service outlets across Canada..) punto de vista: point of view (We're interested in hearing all points of view.); viewpoint (from the viewpoint of the economy); standpoint (a strategic financial standpoint); position punto decisivo: turning point (Today, Europe stands at a turning point.) punto por punto: point by point (One of the most important elements of a revision is the point-by-point response.) punto sin retorno: point of no return (Once the contract is signed, we've reached the point of no return.) puntos de inters comn: issues of mutual interest (Government's commitment to cooperating fully with our neighbouring countries to reach solutions to all issues of mutual interest.) puntos porcentuales: percentage points (Over the period considered, the decrease amounted to 5 percentage points.) puntuacin: scoring (The credit scoring models are used to grant credit to new clients.) puntual: on time (The plane is expected to arrive on time (= when scheduled).; punctual (Please try to be punctual, so we can start the meeting on time.) PYMES: SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) (INICIO)

Q que a su vez: which in turn (This will require domestic savings and employment, which in turn might help reduce aid dependency.) que debe declararse/que debe notificarse/que debe informarse: reportable (California taxpayers participating in reportable transactions must disclose certain information with their income tax return in accordance with provisions ...) que devengan intereses: interest bearing (Cash and term deposits comprise funds held in demand deposit accounts and interest bearing bank deposits.) que enfrenta: facing (Credit risk is the most significant risk facing the Bank in the normal course of business.) que producen intereses: interest bearing (including shares in other entities and interest-bearing instruments.) que rene los requisitos necesarios: eligible (Loans to eligible officers are granted under the same conditions as those applicable to loans granted to any other employee of the Bank.) que rinden intereses: interest bearing (Cash and term deposits comprise funds held in demand deposit accounts and interest bearing bank deposits.) que viene: coming (We look forward to even greater success in the coming year.) que: which (the book which you lent me) quebrar: fracture (It is not intended that changes happen all at once, fracturing the macroeconomic and institutional stability of the country.); go bankrupt; become bankrupt queda mucho para llegar a: have far to go to (have far to go to regain the ground lost in the recession) quedar atento a su repuesta: looking forward to your reply; I am looking forward to your reply. quedarse atrs: lag behind (John's always lagging behind the others in the class.) quehacer: job; task; work Querer es poder.: Where there is a will there is a way. querer: aim to (We value the long lasting relationship of trust and confidence we have built with our clients over the years and aim to preserve.) (we aim to get there by noon) querer: care to (Would you care to join us for dinner?) quiebra bancaria: bank crash (Following the bank crash in the US, the financial crisis has now struck home in Europe.) quiebra: crash (On some indicators it has surpassed the gravity of the 1929 crash ) Quien a hierro mata, a hierro muere.: They that live by the sword shall die by the sword. Quien no malgasta no pasa necesidades.: Waste not, want not.

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Quien mucho abarca poco aprieta.: Do not bite off more than you can chew. / Grasp all/lose all. Quien no tiene, no teme.: No cows, no care. Quien rie ltimo, rie mejor.: He who laughs last, laughs better. Quien roba una vez roba diez: Once a thief, always thief. Quien siembra vientos recoge tempestades.: As you sow, so shall you reap (INICIO)

radical: sweeping (Because this is the most sweeping transformation of business processes we have ever undertaken, ) / (The proposal calls for sweeping changes in public land use.) radicar en: base in (Athletics is a design collective based in New York City.); base at (an agency that will take the form of an interministerial council based at the Ministry of Finance.); located in (This event was first held in 1996 in two or three small museums located in Havana's Historical Centre); located at (Welcome to NASA Headquarters located at 300 E Street, SW, Washington DC.); establish in (The Institute will be established in the Republic of Cape Verde.); established at (ALC Press Inc. headquarters established at 4-10-7 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo.); situated in (Catholic Syrian Bank Limited is a private sector bank situated in Thrissur city of Kerala state in India.); situated at (The Lancashire and Yorkshire Bank situated at the junction of Union Street and Market Street) ralentizacin: slowdown (Consumer buying has picked up again after a summer slowdown.) / (The slowdown in the export of services and the absence of a new engine for economic growth essentially explain this dynamic.) ralentizar: slow down (We cannot allow ourselves to slow down the pace of our efforts.) ralentizacin: slowdown (Consumer buying has picked up again after a summer slowdown.) rama: branch (Tourism, one of the branches that brings more revenue to the Cuban economy.) rango: range ( the effectiveness test results are within a range of 80% to 125%.) rpidamente: speedily (The error can be speedily corrected.) ratio de endeudamiento: indebtedness ratio ( stockholders will increase by more than 50% while maintaining the current indebtedness ratio.) razn de endeudamiento: indebtedness ratio ( stockholders will increase by more than 50% while maintaining the current indebtedness ratio.) razn por la que/razn por la cual: which is why (As travel times are short and passengers may be carrying luggage, quick loading and unloading are crucial, which is why they are fitted with large doors and little seating capacity.); for which reason ( the amendment is incompatible with the statutes currently in force, for which reason we have felt obliged to vote against it.) razn social: trade name (The name or trade name or trade mark and the address of the manufacturer.) razn: ratio (cost-efficiency) (the ratio of costs in relation to output ) razonable: reasonable (to obtain reasonable assurance) razonablemente: fairly (In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Bank); reasonably reactivacin coyuntural: economic upturn (Thus, the recent economic upturn has only had a very limited positive impact on the labour market.) reactivar: kick-start (Shock therapy kick-starts revival.) readquirir/readquisicin: repurchase (The rules for sale and repurchase operations are brought up to market standards.) reajustar: readjust (readjust values according to the rate of inflation) real: actual (We expected 50 people but the actual number was a lot higher.) realizacin: performance (she has to rely on others for the performance of the simplest tasks) realizar: conduct (we conducted our audits in accordance with); carry out (The Bank also carries out stress tests to evaluate its sensitivity

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to crisis situations in certain sectors of activity and key portfolios (e.g., forestry products, manufacturing, etc.).) realmente: actually (I haven't actually decided what to do yet.) reanimacin: revival (We feel that this is a good way to start a thorough debate aimed at the revival of Europe.) rebajar: knock down; to reduce the price of (something); (He wanted $300 for the ring, but we got him to knock it down to $250.) rebasar: surpass (Our team's achievements surpass those of teams in earlier years.) recargo de mora: penalty surcharge (is used to report the employees exempt from the penalty surcharge through the RED system.) recargo por mora: penalty charges for late payment (Penalty charges for late payment shall not be regarded as interest payments.); extra charge for late payment; late payment charge; fees for late payments recargo: premium (A premium of 10% was charged to the population and to tourists for cash dollar exchanges.); surcharge (If you order the tickets by mail, there is a $5.00 surcharge.); extra charge recaudar fondos: raise funds (The city was exploring the possibility of raising funds from the carbon market to finance partially those investments.) recelo/duda: misgiving (This cooperation produced an excellent result, in spite of some misgivings.) reciclar: recycle (The law requires us to recycle paper products, glass bottles, soda cans, and some kinds of plastic.) recientemente: of late (of late ( that should also include the entire generation of conventional weapons of a similar lethal power developed of late.); recently (We just recently moved to Texas.) reciprocidad econmica: economic reciprocity (The reflection on economic reciprocity should continue as part of the reflection on strengthening the EU's negotiation position.) reclamacin: claim (Lawyers tried to establish their claim to refugee status.) reclamar: claim (If no one claims the money, I can keep it.) recobrar: regain (There is a need to regain competitiveness through measures enhancing productivity growth and adequate wage policies.) recoger: collect (We endeavour to collect personal data only with your knowledge or consent.) recomendacin: recommendation (on the (por) recommendation of the Board) recompra: repurchase (The rules for sale and repurchase operations are brought up to market standards.) reconocer: acknowledge (On behalf of the executive management team, I wish to acknowledge their high level of engagement and thank them for their hard work and contribution to the Banks success.) reconocido/renombrado: renowned (Jorge Luis Borges, though renowned chiefly as author, reflects in his works the very essence of libraries and librarians.) reconocindose mtuamente: mutually recognising each other (in this respect, welcomes the fact that the EPFL and Fifpro, mutually recognising each other as social partners) recopilar: collect (Therefore, it is important to be able to also collect statistics from these institutions...) recordar: recall (In this regard, it will be recalled that as part of Phase I of its strategic plan, the Bank achieved) recordar a: remind of (remind us of some important facts regarding Vietnamese labor adjustment that can be useful for todays Cuban reform.) recorte de plantilla: staff cut (In the new context of staff cuts, this decision has increased the number of staff in between assignments.) rectificacin: restatement (Restatement of comparative financial information.) recuperacin de activos financieros: recovery of financial assets (Wanta should pursue liquidation of corporations, recovery of financial assets, and pay all required taxes in accordance with the law.) recuperacin de deudas incobrables: bad debt recovery (When a bad debt recovery takes place, another accounting entry is required.) recuperacin econmica: economic upturn (Such anticipation of future skills needs is crucial, not least to prepare for the economic upturn.) recuperacin: rebound (Although a global rebound is expected in 2010, even emerging economies have proven considerably more vulnerable than previously believed.); recovery (The process of recovery will necessarily be a complex and delicate one.); revival (This economic revival was due to the exploitation of hydrocarbons and the resultant surplus increased public spending.) recuperar: regain (There is a need to regain competitiveness through measures enhancing productivity growth and adequate wage policies.) recuperarse: rebound (The international trade flows have rebounded strongly.); rally (The dollar rallied against the yen in trading today.)

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recurrente: recurring (Unfortunately, this is a recurring problem.) recursos financieros: financial resources (Financial resources are generated through grants, donations, bilateral agreements, and collaborations with government agencies, local and foreign funding ...) recursos hdricos renovables: renewable water resources recursos humanos: human resources (This will allow for a more efficient management of human resources.) recursos propios: own resources (The overall amount of own resources needed to finance the budget is determined by total expenditure less other revenue.); own capital (These have very little own capital; they are highly leveraged.) recursos renovables: renewable resources (investments in hydroelectric projects and other renewable resources) recursos/medios: wherewithal (Most people don't have the wherewithal to hire the best lawyers.) red de transmisin de datos: data transmission network (All the offices are interconnected through the data transmission network.) red nacional del sistema bancario cubano: national network of Cuban banking system (BANDEC holds dozens of ATMs dislocated in several cities that are integrated into the national network of Cuban banking system,) redaccin: wording (The wording of the agreement was too vague.) redimensionar: resize (The financial sector will be resized.) reduccin de personal (por retiro, renuncia o muerte): attrition: a gradual reduction or weakening of something, esp. a reduction in the number of people who work for an organization that is achieved by not replacing those who leave (Most of the job losses will come through attrition.) reduccin de personal: staff cut (Further cutbacks in production over the next few years will inevitably lead to further staff cuts.) reduccin progresiva: phasing out (Consideration of a phasing out of the ration book, ) reduccin: slowdown (Consumer buying has picked up again after a summer slowdown.) / (The slowdown in the export of services and the absence of a new engine for economic growth essentially explain this dynamic.) reducir: wind down (in the medium term will wind down the stimulus they deployed to fight the recession.); narrow (Net interest margin narrowed to 2.49% in 2010 compared to 2.51% in 2009 and 2.66% in 2008.) reembolsable: repayable (Interest on loans is repayable from the first day of operation) reembolsar: reimburse (US Defense Secretary Leon Panetta has spent about $17000 to reimburse the Treasury for frequent travel to his California home, ) / (The international arbitration in the Hague obligated the government of Great Britain to reimburse (to) Iran the advanced payment for the failed ...) / (We were able to reimburse the sum of 3.2 billion to them.); repay (The obligation of a depositor to repay to the bank the amount of money that the depositor has drawn against a dishonored check is based upon the fact that the ...); pay back (Whatever amount you do have to pay back to your creditors, you will normally be given five (5) years ...) refund (the Secretary-General is authorized to refund to him or her the amount of staff assessment collected from him or her provided that) reembolso: reimbursement (Reimbursement of expenses for members is limited to one expert per Member State.) / (Payment of indemnities, compensation for damages and the reimbursement of expenses and costs.); redemption (Any redemption may be carried out without the consent of the Trust, subject to prior written notice and Superintendent approval.) referido: aforesaid (Because of the aforesaid reasons, many mothers become working mothers by pursuing any careers that they consider favorable and rewarding ...) refinera azucarera/refinera de azcar: sugar refinery reflexivo: thoughtful (a thoughtful examination) reforma monetaria y cambiaria: monetary and exchange rate reform (Monetary and exchange rate reform in Cuba: Lessons from Vietnam.) reforma: renovation (The museum is closed for renovations.) Reformas del Sistema Monetario y Financiero Internacional (la Comisin Stiglitz): Reforms of the International Monetary anf Financial System (the Stiglitz Commission). reformas econmicas: economic reforms (A national debate on economic reforms takes place at workplaces and neighbourhoods.) reforzar: reinforce (And globalisation has only reinforced this tendency.) regimen de cooperativistas cultos: regime of cultured cooperativists (Lenin put it with characteristic succinctness: socialism is none other than "the regime of cultured cooperativists".) registrar: book ( to book such higher costs in the first year corresponds to normal accounting practices.) reglamento complementario: complementary regulations (Design and submit to the General Assembly complementary regulations as

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required for the functioning of the Association.) Reglamento de Control de Activos Cubanos: Cuban Assets Control Regulations (The U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) issued a final rule amending the Cuban Assets Control Regulations, 31 C.F.R. Part 515 (CACR), to implement the President's initiative of April 13, 2009, ) reglamento: regulations (make sure that policies and procedures that ensure compliance with the regulations in effect in all territories where the Bank and its subsidiaries operate, including regulations related to money laundering and terrorist financing activities, are in place and operational); rules (Smoking is against the rules.) / (The top corporate entity to which the Basel II rules apply at the consolidated level is National Bank.) reglas: regulations (Customs regulations in most countries around the world allow for people to have medicines for ...) regulacin: regulation (The numerous changes in regulations and existing standards during recent years have expanded the oversight role of the Board.) reinante: prevailing (The prevailing climate of impunity is a major obstacle to long-lasting social reconciliation ...) relacin calidad/precio: value for money (We believe in the need for liberalisation, competition and value for money.) / (The budget must demonstrate a satisfactory level of value for money.) relacin comercial: business relationship (You create a customer master record when you start a business relationship with a new customer.) relacin de causa y efecto/relacin de causalidad/relacin causal: cause and effect relationship (They highlighted the cause and effect relationship between environment, good health and economic development.) / (there is a cause and effect relationship between the use of weapons containing depleted uranium and the health problems that we have been seeing.) / (Brotman and colleagues noted that this does not prove a cause-and-effect relationship,) relacin de confianza: relationship of trust and confidence (We value the long lasting relationship of trust and confidence we have built with our clients over the years and aim to preserve.); relationship of trust (They require high levels of qualification and a special relationship of trust with clients.) relacionado con: concerned with (Her job is only concerned with costs and fees.); concerning (If you have any information concerning the incident, please contact the police.); connected with (He's always found a way to connect with his audience.); regarding (I have a question regarding your last statement.); relating to; related to (The kids need a teacher who can relate to them.) relacionado con: germane to (The Central Bank began to carry out fiscal duties not germane to the objectives of an issuing institution.) relaciones comerciales/mercantiles: trading relations (If food production cannot be increased we must change the basis for its distribution as well as our trading relations.); mercantile relations (Mercantile relations are very important for everybody); commercial relations relaciones contractuales: contractual relationships (As in all contractual relationships, proposed amendments have to be notified beforehand.) relaciones diplomticas: diplomatic relations (A direct and transaparent dialogue took precedence and we resumed our diplomatic relations in three hours.); diplomatic relationships relaciones econmicas intrarregionales: intra-regional economic relations ( the region has to be based on stronger intra-regional economic relations and cross-border trade and investment.) relaciones econmicas: economic relations (In both countries, smooth economic relations contrast with ups and downs in terms of political ... ); economic relationships (There is a huge untapped potential in the economic relationships between the EU and Russia.) relaciones financieras: financial relations (Trade and financial relations and regional integrationobreal.); financial relationships relaciones pblicas: public relations (For most companies, public relations are a central element of corporate social responsibility, ); public relationships relaciones: relations (That is why we must take into account our relations with third countries.); relationships ( and supports maintaining good customer and supplier relationships.) relativo a/respecto a/tocante a: regarding (This paper evaluates the three objectives of the proposed reform regarding monetary and exchange rate policy.) relevancia: relevance ( the accounting methods and financial reporting shall reflect economic reality, shall be transparent and shall respect the qualitative characteristics of understandability, relevance, reliability and comparability.) rememorar/recordar: recall (The Minister recalled with pleasure his visit to Cuba with the ex- Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi in 2004, ) remisin: referral (Her doctor gave her a referral to a specialist.) remunerabilidad: profitability (Financial Markets generated good profitability despite volatile trading conditions and lower customer

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activity) remuneraciones extrasalariales: fringe benefits (Fringe benefits here include health insurance, three weeks' vacation, and tuition reimbursement.) rendicin de cuentas: accountability for ( the introduction of effective risk management processes and greater management accountability for internal controls will provide a sustainable framework for the longer term.); rendering accounts (Rendering Accounts: We commit ourselves to use efficiently our resources, achieving concrete and measurable results, rendering accounts transparently to all our contributors, partners and above all, children and teenagers.) rendimiento de la inversin: return on investment (Return on investment ranges from three to seven years.) rendimiento de los activos rentables: yield on earnings assets (The spread, the differential between the rate of yield on earning assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, was virtually unchanged) rendimiento de los fondos propios: return on equity (The governance challenge is, according to Khan, to create compulsions for firm management to perform and deliver a return on equity.) rendimiento del capital promedio: average return on capital (Average return on capital employed for the three companies has increased from 3,6 % ...) rendimiento promedio anual: average annual return (A look at the difference between average annual return and compounding, also known as compound annual return.); average annual yield (You can calculate the average annual yield by adding all the income you received on an investment and dividing that amount by the number of years the money ...) rendimiento promedio histrico: average historical yield (and its 185-partnered farmers have achieved an average historical yield.) rendimiento sobre el capital promedio: return on average equity (ROAE) (The return on average equity (ROAE) refers to the performance of a company over a financial year.) rendimiento sobre el capital: return on equity (ROE) (Return on equity was robust at 18.1% ) rendimiento sobre los activos totales promedio: return on average total assets (ROA) ( return on equity (ROE) stood at 9.78% and return on average total assets (ROA) stood at 0.68%.) rendimiento: yield (Yield on treasury bills in U.S. dollars.) / performance (the best performance in six years) (surpassed the record performance achieved in the previous year.) rendimientos por encima del promedio: above-average returns (Here we run into a problem of asset classes: the limited number of categories of assets from which investors can seek above-average returns.) rendir intereses: bear interest (personal loans bear interest at the customer rate divided by two) rendir mas fruto: bear more fruit (These measures bore more fruit in Canada because of the soundness of its financial system.) rendir: yield (Some mutual funds are currently yielding 15% on new money invested.) rendirse: yield (It's easy to yield to the temptation to borrow a lot of money.) renegociacin: rescheduling (In recent years, the country has found alternatives that have enabled the reaching of bilateral debt rescheduling accords with creditors); renegotiation renegociar: reschedule renovacin: renovation (But today we seek justice for those people and renovation of the environment in that part of the world and ); renewal (We need documents, articles, books, pamphlets, etc. which make are documents and elaborations available as contributions to that renewal of the socialist project ) rentabilidad: profitability (The forecast economic profitability of such a scenario is very low.) rentable: profitable (We can only accept investment in products which are profitable under market conditions.); cost-effective (The objective of collaboration should be to allocate limited resources in a cooperative and cost-effective way.) repercusin: impact (Impact of wage rises on production costs.) / ( the economy had to deal with consecutive impacts of negative external shocks.) reponsables polticos: policy makers (to adapt the system to the changing requirements of the policy makers) representacin legal: legal representation (They increase psychological burdens and the costs and complexity of legal representation.) representado en este acto por: represented in this act by (FirstBank , represented in this act by Mr. Dacio Pasarell Coln , of legal age, married, an executive and resident of San Juan, Puerto Rico, with social security ...) representar: account for (wages account for 70% of the total) / (Personal loans now account for 35.5% of total loans versus 34.3% in 2009.) reproductora (animal): breeding reproductora (cerdo): breeding hog

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repuntar: rebound (The international trade flows have rebounded strongly.); recover; rally (The dollar rallied against the yen in trading today.) repunte econmico: economic upturn (temporary deficits can and may be tolerated during economic upturns, but during the next economic upturn these new debts must then be cleared again.) repunte: rebound (The strong return reflected the US dollar's rebound against the yen ); upturn (The price had risen significantly in the light of the upturn in the coke and steel market.); upswing (This represents a slight improvement on the previous estimate as a result of the 2% upswing in the last quarter of 2009.); recovery (Albo said that everything related to trade, services and construction will experience a recovery.); rally (However, all of this changed - around March when equity markets began to rally.) requisitos de reservas: reserve requirements (Reserve requirements are necessary to mitigate the risk of bank runs.) / (In the USA, reserves have been set by law for centuries; as a percentage of liabilities, this percentage has declined over the centuries to its current level of 3-10% (as of 1992). In the Eurozone, this rate is 2%; in Japan, it is about 1.5%; and in Commonwealth countries like the UK & Canada, it is voluntary--there are no reserve requirements.) rescatar: bail out (Governments around the world have bailed out their nations' businesses with some frequency since the early 20th century.) / (When the savings and loan companies began to fail, they asked the government to bail them out.) rescate: bailout (A situation in which a business, individual or government offers money to a failing business in order to prevent the consequences that arise from a business's downfall. Bailouts can take the form of loans, bonds, stocks or cash. They may or may not require reimbursement.) / (He warned banks that they would not receive any more bailout funds unless they joined the program.) / (The government mounted a massive bailout of troubled savings and loan institutions.); rescue (The international financial crisis has forced the central banks to perform an unprecedented rescue operation of the big capitalist conglomerates.) rescindir el contrato: cancel the contract reserva de contingencia: reserve for contingencies ( it can be be said that the reserve for contingencies managed by the Ministry of Economy and Finances has been between 1.5% and 2.5% of the total budget.) reserva legal: legal reserve (Legal reserves, which can also be considered total reserves, are divided between require reserves and excess reserves.) reserva obligatoria/reserva estatutoria/reserva legal: statutory reserve (A statutory reserve is an amount of cash a financial institution, such as a bank, credit union, or insurance company, must keep on hand to meet the obligations ...); compulsory reserve (The compulsory reserve imposition: the national bank can compel banks to deposit in it a part of their deposits, immobilizing them.); required reserve (Definition of required reserves: reserves which a US bank is required to hold in cash in its vaults or as deposit with the Federal Reserve.) reserva para amortizacin: reserve for depreciation (Accumulated Depreciation represents the expense related to the fixed assets still carried on the books of the company; sometimes the term 'reserve for depreciation' is used.) reserva para contingencias: contingency reserve (For next year we need a contingency reserve again to enable us to make funds available for Iraq.); reserve for contingencias (The Board of Directors approved a reserve for contingencies and working capital.) reserva: provision (A provision takes into account an expected expense, showing it as a liability on the balance sheet.); supply (water supplies are at a minimum) reservar: set aside (The governor wants to set aside (= keep separate and not spend) $50 million for emergencies.); put aside (We're putting aside $20 a week for our vacation.); reserve (He reserved the right to veto any future plans.) reservas bancarias: bank reserves (Bank reserves serve two purposes: they allow banks to pay depositors on demand, and they play a role in monetary policy.) reservas de activos: asset reserves (The financial information of the above companies included in the consolidation scope (total IFRS assets, company capital spent, asset reserves, other IFRS reserves,) reservas de capital: equity reserves (This reduction is included within "Other equity reserves.) reservas legales y voluntarias: legal and voluntary reserves ( it has not taken into account the legal and voluntary reserves which the company had, which were of an amount more than sufficient to cover all the losses.) reservas para financiar inversiones: reserves to finance investment (to the government's reported intention to use the country's international reserves to finance investment in strategic oil reserves. ...) reservas patrimoniales: asset reserves (The financial information of the above companies included in the consolidation scope (total IFRS assets, company capital spent, asset reserves, other IFRS reserves,); equity reserves (The Board of Directors approved the establishment of other equity reserves, which consider programs to support Canal operation ...) / (Changes in fair value are recognised with a charge or a credit to "Equity - Reserves" in the consolidated balance sheet until the asset is disposed of, ) reservas primarias: primary reserves (Definition of 'Primary Reserves': The minimum amount of cash required to operate a bank. Primary reserves also include the legal reserves that are housed in a Federal Reserve or other correspondent bank. Checks

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that have not been collected are included in this amount as well.) reservas voluntarias: voluntary reserves (Insurance companies hold voluntary reserves to appear to be more financially stable and improve their ...) residuos domsticos: household waste resistencia al avance: drag (Keeping a large staff is a drag on our income.) resistir: withstand (withstand the test of time); weather (which have weathered the economic and financial uncertainties of recent years better than most jurisdictions around the world.) resolucin (determinacin): resolve (It must be fought in unity and with resolve.) resolucin: ruling (This ruling may have systemic implications from the point of view of developing countries.) resolver: resolve (The right way to resolve our differences over the details is through negotiating.) respaldar: support (The control systems are supported by) respectivamente: respectively (George and Kenneth were married in 1980 and 1985, respectively.) respecto a/respecto de: in respect of (The other area where serious concern exists is in respect of the rights of terrorist suspects.) responsabilidad (jurdica): liability (He denies any liability in the accident.) responsabilidad: accountability (It should also allow for greater transparency and accountability.); responsibility (This is in line with assuming responsibility for global development.) responsable de: responsible for (The office will be responsible for the management of all steps of the project cycle.) responsable por: accountable for (He knew he would be held accountable for any flaws in the programming.) restauracin: renovation (The museum is closed for renovations.); restoration (She is in charge of the restoration of paintings in the collection.) restriccin: constraint (In Egypt, the biggest constraint on new agricultural production is water.) restringir: curtail (In this respect, the Committee regrets the emerging trend in a number of countries to further curtail or abolish users' rights) resueltamente: resolutely (he remained resolutely opposed to the idea); single-mindedly (She single-mindedly pursued her goal of earning a law degree.) resuelto a: intent on (The climbers were intent on reaching the mountaintop.) resultados de desarrollo: development results (The assessments of development results in Benin and the Republic of the Congo were reported in the 2007 annual report, but lessons from these evaluations are incorporated in this report.) resultados de explotacin: operating results (profit/loss/costs) (The figures for both turnover and operating results have been constantly revised downwards in the above period.) resultados del ejercicio: results of the accounting period (Annual General Meeting of the Shareholders of 11 May 2010 approved unanimously the non-distribution of dividend from the results of the accounting period ...) resultados financieros: financial results (National Bank once again delivered solid financial results) resultados operativos: operating results (The accounting policies and methods used by the Bank determine how the Bank reports its financial position and operating results) resultados reales: actual results (Actual results could differ materially from estimated amounts.) resultados: performance (he didn't put up a very good performance in the exams) resultar conveniente: to be appropiate (It is appropriate to ensure that the staff of the Office can execute their mission ); resultar ser: prove to be (The new safety procedures have so far proven to be satisfactory.) resultar: prove (This personal credit assessment approach, which has proven particularly effective for estimating loan defaults and losses, takes a number of factors into account, ); turn out (It turns out (that) Ray had borrowed the money from one of his students.) resumen/sumario/compendio: summary (The assignment was to write a summary of the news.); abstract resumir: summarize (Before each episode, the narrator summarizes earlier events in the story.), to make a summary of resurgimiento: revival (There's been a revival of ancient disputes in the region.) retirada masiva de depsitos: massive deposit withdrawal (The cause of the banking crisis does not lie in a massive deposit withdrawal.)

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retirar dinero: take out money (ATM cards are a typical way to take out money.); withdraw money (The fraudster may use the card to obtain products or services or to withdraw money from your account.); withdraw cash (Debit cards can be used to make purchases or to withdraw cash.) retirar progresivamente/retirar paulatinamente: phase out (Many airlines have begun to phase out (= stop using) airplanes 20 years old or older.) retiro de depsitos en efectivo de los bancos: cash withdrawals from banking accounts (In particular, the authorities can reconsider the recent regulation that limits cash withdrawals from banking accounts to the equivalent of about US$5000,) retomar: regain (the previous trend is not likely to be regained.) reunir: collect (you may have to collect primary information yourself) revaluar/revalorizar: revalue (After running actual price calculation, you can choose to revalue actual activities with actual prices.) / (I believe that it is important to revalue the coca leaf, but I would like to say that, while during my government there will never be free cultivation of coca,) revelacin: disclosure (Full financial disclosure is required.) revelar: disclose (Terms of the agreement were not disclosed.) revs: setback (Democrats suffered a serious setback in yesterday's election, losing all three contested seats.) revisar: examine (an audit includes examining) revisin a la baja: downward revision (the very weak result for the first quarter of 2009 significantly contributed to this downward revision.) rezagarse: lag behind (Europe must not lag behind in this regard.) riesgo de mercado: market risk (Market risk is defined as the risk of losses in on and off-balancesheet positions arising from movements in market prices.) riesgo de precio: price risk (These risks include market risk (which in turn includes foreign currency risk, interest rate risk and price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.) riesgo de tasa de reinversin: reinvestment risk rate (Reinvestment Risk Rate the risk of a decline in income due to a drop in interest rates. ) riesgo mximo: maximum risk (This maximum risk exposure will, due to amortisation of the loans, decrease over time.) riesgo mnimo: mnimum risk (credit, range from 1 to 10, with 1 representing the minimum risk and 10 representing the maximum risk.) riesgo operacional: operational risk (Operational risk is present in every activity of the Bank.) riesgo: risk (This group proposes risk management policies and implements tools and models for identifying, measuring and monitoring risks.) riesgos sistmicos: systemic risks (... in the systemic risks to which the banks were exposed as a result of the series of monetary decisions that led to the de-dollarisation.) riguroso/rigurosa: tight (Tight cost management also contributed to our results and remains a strategic priority.) ritmo promedio anual: annual average pace (At an annual average pace of growth of five percent annually, per capita GDP in the region would reach $20000 by 2030, ) ritmo: pace (The world recovery is proceeding at an uneven pace.) robotizacin: robotization (FANUC incorporates broad robotization into all manufacturing activities, with more than 1,000 robots now operating at FANUC factories.) robotizar: robotize (It is possible to digitalize and robotize olden equipments.) rompecabezas: jigsaw puzzle (We spent the evening working on the jigsaw puzzle of the Monet painting.) / (It is a veritable monetary and financial jigsaw puzzle.) romper: break; fracture (It is not intended that changes happen all at once, fracturing the macroeconomic and institutional stability of the country. (INICIO)

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sacar (de la biblioteca): borrow (I borrowed it from the library.) / (books can be borrowed for up to three weeks) sala de mercado: dealing room (improvements continued to be made to the dealing room operating processes) sala de negociacin: dealing room (Central banks in Asia continued to make good use of the services provided by the regional treasury in the Asian Office's dealing room.) salario nominal: nominal wage (The Member States must ensure that nominal wage increases are consistent with price stability and productivity gains.) salario: salary (pago fijo, a menudo mensual, a profesionales y administrativos) (This sum shall be added to net basic salary to give gross basic salary.) saldo acreedor/saldo positivo: credit balance; in credit saldo comercial externo de bienes y servicios: external trade balance of goods and services saldo de cuenta/saldo de la cuenta: account balance (The prize will be added to your account balance.) saldo de las obligaciones con: balance of obligations with ( mainly by the rise of the balance of obligations with Banco Central de Cuba and financial institutions. saldo del ejercicio anterior: balance from the previous accounting period (It is the balance from the previous accounting period that is carried forward.) saldo deudor: debit balance (However, if a debit balance occurs for this item, a minus sign is entered/displayed for the value to indicate a reversed sign.) saldo final: ending balance (Ending balance of bank account after all transactions on the bank statement have been taken into account.); closing balance (After posting, the control total in the system must correspond to the closing balance of the account.); final balance (The reports always show the final balance of the selected reporting period.) saldo inicial: opening balance (If the opening balance is specified in the foreign currency, the system calculates the opening balance in the national currency on the basis of the exchange rate that applies on the reference date ); beginning balance (Beginning balance of past service cost and changes to the plan.); initial balance (Initial balance of foreign currency holdings per type.) saldos activos de corresponsales: due to correspondents (The increase in credit to consumers in past 5 years is mainly due to correspondents, which are the primary way mass market consumers repay) saldos con otros bancos: due from banks (For the purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents represent those amounts that are included in cash and due from banks.) saldos pasivos de corresponsales (bancos): due from correspondents (This statement shows the amounts due from correspondents arising from money transfer.) salida de mercado: outlet (the company must find new outlets for its products) saliente: outgoing (This evening the outgoing Parliament is handing over to the new Parliament) salir adelante: get ahead (They know they have to work hard to get ahead and they want to.) salpicado/a de: dotted with (Minnesota is dotted with lakes, especially in the north.) salvaguardar: safeguard (We need to safeguard investment and appropriations for research, ) salvar: rescue (The bank rescued the company from bankruptcy.) salvo error u omission: errors and omissions excepted salvo que se acuerde lo contrario: unless otherwise agreed (Credit card billing occurs, unless otherwise agreed, when your order ships.) salvo que se indique lo contrario/salvo indicacin de lo contrario: unless otherwise indicated (Unless otherwise stated, all amounts presented in the Managements Discussion and Analysis are expressed in Canadian dollars.) salvo que se indique otra cosa: : unless otherwise indicated (Annual percentage change, unless otherwise indicated.) saqueo: plundering (Part of our wealth came from the colonial plundering inflicted on Africa.) satisfacer: meet (Provide our customers superior financial solutions tailored to meet their needs.) se agregue: to be added (We would therefore ask for this point to be added to the agenda.) se aada: : to be added (We would therefore ask for this point to be added to the agenda.) se basa en gran medida: is based largely on (The estimation procedure is based largely on the use of ...) se continu trabajando en: work continued to be done in (Clearly, much technical work continued to be done in the traditional way through contracts with industry and through research)

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se dice que: it is said that (it is said that these cars are produced in Spain) se desplom: slumped (Home computer sales slumped dramatically last year.) se explica: be accounted for (the increase is accounted for by the rise in oil prices) se mantuvo cercano a: remained close to (short-term local interest rates remained close to zero throughout the quarter) se puede observar que: it may be observed that (On the contrary, it may be observed that there is a clear relationship between the quality of the environment ...) se trata de: it is sea o [sea]: whetheror secreto bancario: bank secrecy (In Switzerland, banking secrecy protects the financial privacy of citizens from unauthorised access by third parties or by the State.) sector agrario: agricultural sector (one of the sectors which is in the limelight is the agricultural sector) sector de la economa social: social economy sector (This first decade of the 2000s has revealed across Europe and the world the huge innovative potential of the social economy sector.) area of the economy sector de servicios: service sector (In terms of export trade, the service sector is also particularly important for the developing countries.) sector domstico: household sector (Cubas exchange rate adjustment in the 1990s was incomplete, since it took place only in the household sector.) sector empresarial: enterprise sector (However, the restructuring of the large enterprise sector and financial sector reform need to be continued vigorously,) sector financiero: financial sector (However, the restructuring of the large enterprise sector and financial sector reform need to be continued vigorously,) sector industrial: manufacturing sector (Last year 9 500 jobs were lost in the manufacturing sector in the region alone.) sector manufacturero: manufacturing sector (Last year 9 500 jobs were lost in the manufacturing sector in the region alone.) sector primario: primary sector (In the primary sector, in addition to oil companies, large mining and metal companies from China and India have become increasingly aggressive in acquiring overseas assets.) sector privado y cooperativo: private and cooperative sector (The success of this rationalisation process depends on two things: economically, on the expanding small-scale private and cooperative sector ...) sector privado: private sector (This requires cooperation between the public and the private sector.) sector secundario: secondary sector (The contribution of the secondary sector, dominated by uranium mining, remains minor (13.2 per cent).); sector terciario: tertiary sector (... more than 50% of the employed population works in the tertiary sector); service sector secuelas: aftermath; in the aftermath of: en las secuelas de (We are proud to be the first major Canadian bank to increase dividends in the aftermath of the financial crisis.); consequences seguido de: followed by (extremely rapid development has not been followed by development of the law.) seguidos: in a row (They've won six games in a row.) seguimiento: followup (Financial entities like this enjoy exceptionallyhigh international risk ratings and manage their portfolio by means of extremely rigorous processes of due diligence and follow-up. ) seguimiento: monitoring (Effective monitoring will show warning signs if something is failing.) seguir el ejemplo: follow suit (When one airline reduces its ticket prices, the rest usually follow suit.) seguir: keep on (keep on improving); proceed (we decided to proceed with the plan as agreed); pursue (Pursuing its social vision, Banco Improsa continued with its approach of channeling the funds of major investors into small and medium enterprises with limited financing capacity.) segn el cual/segn los cuales: whereby (a system whereby payments are made automatically) segn proceda/segn el caso/segn corresponda: as applicable (The estimates shall relate to the six-week period following admission to trading, or the end of that period, as applicable,) Segn siembres, as consechars.: As one sows so must he reap. segn tenemos entendido: as we understand it (As we understand it, we still have no formal declaration, no common position, ...) segn y conforme a/ segn y en conformidad con: under and in compliance with (We hereby agree with you that all drafts drawn under and in compliance with the terms of the Letter of Credit shall by duly honored upon presentation to us.

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segn: according to (All sales and service activities are designed according to customer needs); in accordance with (The consolidated financial statements of the Bank are prepared in accordance with) seguridad de los datos: data security (It is Toshibas policy to ensure a maximum level of data security.) seguridad razonable: reasonable assurance (The procedures carried out in our limited review are substantially less than those required to provide reasonable assurance.) seguridad social: social security (Social Security is a US government program that provides financial help and services for old people, people whose husbands or wives have died, and people who are unable to work because of illness.); welfare (The family had to go on welfare.) seguridad: assurance (to obtain reasonable assurance) sello fiscal: tax stamp semestral: biannual (a biannual report); half-yearly (The company shall send a copy of its half-yearly report simultaneously to the competent authorities of each Member State ) sealar la fecha: set the date (Those measures shall also set the date from which the use of credits ) sealar: point out (First, we should point out that the confidence shown by investors and creditor banks was one of the main pillars of stability for Grupo Financiero Improsa in 2009. seor: Mr. (Mr. is used for men: Can I speak to Mr. Grant, please?) seora (cuyo estado civil es casada): Mrs. (Mrs. is used for married women: Dear Mrs. Park seora (cuyo estado civil es desconocido): Ms. (Ms. is used before the family name or full name for women, both married and unmarried. Many women prefer this title to Miss or Mrs.: Ms. McCracken/Ms. Elizabeth McCracken/ What can I do for you, Ms. Jackson?) sentencia: ruling (Court rejected this appeal in its ruling of 28 October 2002.) ser aplicable/ser pertinente: apply (The new financial regulations apply equally to the forthcoming non-agricultural cooperatives and other non-state entities that may be allowed in the future.) ser responsable de: be in charge of (Three SOCBs (Banco Metropolitano, Banco de Crdito y Comercio, and Banco Popular de Ahorro) are in charge of providing the new loans and financial services.) ser testigo de: witness (This decade also witnessed the establishment of the two tiers that replaced the former single bank system.); be witness to (We are witness to the increasing influence of India and its steady economic growth that has brought prosperity to an increasing number of people.) seriamente: severely (Finally, large expenditure outlays are concentrated in the last weeks of the year, severely affecting budgetary credibility and predictability.) serie cronolgica: time series (They possess a time series of observations that extend back in time.) serie: array (Wealth Management serves the investment and savings needs of a broad range of clients to whom it offers an array of complementary services.) servicios afines: related services (Department of Defence (Defence) requires suitable banking service providers to deliver banking related services to Defence ) servicios bancarios de corresponsala: correspondent banking services (Correspondent banking services might decrease owing to the centralisation of treasury functions by large firms.) servicios bancarios de inversion: investment banking services (Financial Markets provides corporate, public sector and institutional clients with banking and investment banking services, ...) servicios consultivos: advisory servicios (He appreciates the advisory services, particularly in the areas of mergers and acquisitions, credit capital markets, and conversion to a public corporation.) Servicios de Tesorera Internacional: International Treasury Services (ITS) (ITS.gov is a comprehensive international payment and collection system used for processing international direct deposit payments to benefit recipients and both electronic and check payments to vendor, foreign payroll, and miscellaneous payment recipients. ITS.gov offers a governmentwide common solution for issuing international payments in established and emerging markets worldwide.) servicios generales: general services servicios pblicos: utilities (Expenses can be broken down by various categories such as food, rent and utilities.) servicios sociales gratuitos generalizados: widespread free social services (its socialist centralised economy and widespread free social services may attenuate the effects of the crisis.) servir a: serve (other financial institutions that solely specialize in serving this market segment.)

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severa: tough (Tough new safety standards for cars are being introduced this week.) severamente: severely (Several people were severely injured in the accident.) si bien: even though (Women's participation in sport has steadily increased since then, even though it could and should develop more quickly today.) si corresponde: if applicable (Please include the apartment or unit number, if applicable.) si fuera pertinente/si fuese pertinente: if aplicable (If applicable, the rate of degressivity of the financial contribution ...) si no: otherwise (Tell me if you want it, otherwise I will give it to Freda.) si procede: if applicable (tick here below, more than once if applicable) si: whether (To establish whether the assets have been impaired, it is necessary to consider whether the reduction in its fair value is significantly below cost ); if (If the productive base of the local economy can not provide for that demand, imports of goods will then ensue.); should (Should the United States do nothing, it will be the sole responsible for the plundering of Havana Club trademark from his legitimate owner,) siempre cambiante: ever-changing (The Bank is continually adapting its market risk management and oversight framework based on an ever-changing regulatory framework.); everchanging siempre que: provided (that); (You may come provided it is early.) / (You may go out this evening provided [that ] you first finish your homework.) siempre y cuando: as long as (You can have a dog as long as (= if) you promise to take care of it.); provided that (the amount will be paid until the end of the trial period, provided that the farmer still fulfils the conditions for the simplified scheme.) siendo los mejores resultados: being the best results (The financial year under review has proved to be one of two halves, the final outcome being the best results in the 110-year history of the Company) siendo los peores resultados: being the worst results (The rating scale is from 1 to 5 with 1 being the best and 5 being the worst results.) significar: mean (Revenues exceeded 2 221.0 million convertible pesos (CUC), which means an increase of 5.5% compare to 2009.); account for (Choice of the right partner could account for half the success of the activity.) signo @ en correo electrnico: at (lewis@example.net se lee como lewis at example dot net.) silvicultor: forester (The farmer or forester is supposed to work the land purchased at preferential rates and earn a livelihood by that means.) sin complicaciones: smoothly (the business is running very smoothly) sin contratiempos: smoothly (the business is running very smoothly) sin duda alguna: without any doubt (he is, without any doubt, the best); undoubtedly; without a doubt; without doubt sin duda: undoubtedly (This work will undoubtedly lead to improved management of destinations, businesses and tourists); unquestionably (Sakow is unquestionably the most remarkable woman writing today.); without doubt sin embargo: nevertheless (Nevertheless, good performance of stock prices were not reflected in operation volumes ); however (However, successful management of the company enabled us to reach our planned objectives.) sin lugar a dudas: unquestionably; without a doubt; without doubt; without question; there is no doubt sin precedentes: unprecedented (Let me say that this was an unprecedented act of transparency.) sin prisa pero sin pausa: slowly but surely (We will continue actually agreed, slowly but surely, with the required integrity and gradual, without haste or improvisation, contributing to the overcoming of the old dogmatic mentality and timely correcting the mistakes we may make.) sin problemas: smoothly (the business is running very smoothly) sin que sea necesario: without being necessary (Below, you can find several suggestions on how to speed your operating system without being necessary to spend money.) sin restriccin: unrestricted (Unrestricted net assets are net assets with no restricted use.) sin mancha/sin tacha: unblemished (There is no sector or grouping that has emerged unscathed or unblemished.) sin: without (they can acquire common shares in the Bank without paying commissions or administration fees.); with no sincera: heartfelt (heartfelt thanks) / (His goodbye was awkward but his good wishes were heartfelt.) sincero: heartfelt (heartfelt thanks) / (His goodbye was awkward but his good wishes were heartfelt.) sincero agradecimiento: grateful thanks (I should like to extend my grateful thanks to); heartfelt thanks sndico: receiver (The company's operations are currently being supervised by a receiver appointed by the Court.)

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sistema bancario en la sombre/sistema bancario paralelo: shadow banking system (All financial activities should be effectively regulated and monitored, including those conducted in the socalled shadow banking system.) / (I say that every part of what has been a shadow banking system must now come under the supervisory net.) sistema de gestin de riesgo: risk management system (it is satisfied that the bank's risk management system is conceptually sound and is implemented with integrity) Sistema de Pago en Monedas Locales: Payment System in Local Currencies (The Payment System in Local Currencies will decrease or eliminate the use of the U.S. Dollar, reducing costs that are generated by the use ...) sistema de planificacin socialista: system of socialist planning (The system of socialist planning continue to be the main route to the address of the national economy,) Sistema de posicin global: GPS (Global Positioning System) sistema financiero de dos niveles: two-tiered financial system (A two-tiered financial system was created that replaced the previous scheme of a single bank which works as central bank and at the same time has commercial functions, as was typical in socialist countries.) sistema financiero y monetario internacional: international financial and monetary system (It thereby contributes to the stability of the international financial and monetary system.) sistema financiero: financial system (At a time of uncertainty in the global financial system) Sistema Unitario de Compensacin Regional de Pagos (SUCRE): Unitary System of Regional Compensation ("Sucre" stands for Sistema Unitario de Compensacin Regional, or Unitary System of Regional Compensation, and is also the name of the general who led the ...); Unitary System of Regional Compensation (of Payments); Regional Clearance Unitary System (Promote the use of the Regional Clearance Unitary System (SUCRE) as a payment mechanism in order to strengthen the integral development of the ALBA-TCP (ECOALBA-TCP) Economic Space.) sistemas automatizados: automated systems (They also have automated systems to facilitate the processing of card transactions with bank systems.) sistmica/sistmico: systemic (This breads systemic corruption, which is very dangerous.) sitio en la internet: website/web site (which will soon be available on the Banks website) situacin financiera/econmica: financial position (The financial position of the company was always sound.); financial standing (The banks only loan money to companies with solid financial standing, which eliminates the majority of small businesses,"said Araya. situarse entre: rank among (They rank among those people who are without doubt.) sobre con el nombre y direccin del remitente: self-addressed envelope (send a self-addressed envelope) sobre el que: over which (over which the Bank exercises significant influence) sobre este tema: on this subject (Previously, resolutions on this subject have been adopted by consensus.) sobre franqueado con el nombre y direccin del remitente: self-addressed stamped envelope (send a self-addressed stamped envelope) sobre franqueado: stamped envelope (enclose a stamped envelope) sobre la base de: on the basis of (Costs are calculated on the basis of the most expensive of alternatives in each region.) sobre la que: over which (over which the Bank exercises significant influence) sobre todo: above all; primarily (Although the Bank operates primarily in Canada, it also has business operations in the United States and other countries.); mostly (We operate worldwide, with an intensive focus in Latin America and Central America, and mostly focussed to technology.) sobre: about ("What's that book about?" "It's about the Civil War.") sobrecargo: surcharge (Set a surcharge on the personal income tax.) sobrecumplimiento: overfulfillment (Thanks to an overfulfillment of a profitable part of the budget and the balanced budgetary policy general fund of the State Budget); overcompliance (overcompliance of the revenues) sobrecumplir: overfulfill (fulfilled and overfulfilled); (overfulfilled by 2.5%); (the UN Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Inmates, fulfilled and overfulfilled in some cases by our country) sobrellevar: endure (the island endured a growing external debt); weather (Rotary weathered the recent financial crisis with less damage than feared.) sobrepasar: surpass (Our team's achievements surpass those of teams in earlier years.); exceed= to be greater than (a number or amount), or to go beyond (a permitted limit). (a fine not exceeding 50) (He was exceeding the speed limit by 15 miles an hour.)

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sobresalir: stand out (The applicant we hired was so well qualified, she stood out from all the rest.) sobrevalorado: overvalued (With regard to the highly overvalued euro exchange rate,) sobrevaluado: overvalued (The Cuban economy currently operates with two local currencies- the Cuban peso and the convertible peso, both with convertibility problems and multiple and overvalued exchange rates- ) sobrevenir: ensue (If the productive base of the local economy can not provide for that demand, imports of goods will then ensue.) sociedad annima de capital variable (S.A. de C.V.): variable capital company (from a fixed to a variable capital company, and an increase in the variable portion of its capital stock); variable capital corporation (In Argentina, we are incorporated as a variable capital corporation since October 1991.); variable stock corporation (in 1988, it was established as variable stock corporation and today stands as the most reliable developer in the industry.); stock corporation with variable capital (We are a stock corporation with variable capital, or sociedad annima de capital variable, organized under the laws of the United Mexican States ("Mexico")) sociedad annima: limited company (Procedures for setting up a limited company are lengthy and complex.) sociedad de consumo: consumer society (However we are strictly fulfilling our financial obligations precisely because we are not a consumer society.) Sociedad para las Comunicaciones Financieras Interbancarias Internacionales (SWIFT): Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) (SWIFT: Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication supplies secure messaging services and interface software to wholesale financial entities.) socio comercial: trade partner (Kazakhstan is a very important trade partner for the Community,) solamente: as few as (as few as 30% pass first time); solely (other financial institutions that solely specialize in serving this market segment.) solicitar: apply for (The self-employed and micro entrepreneurs may apply for loans starting at 3,000 CUP, ) slida gestin de la poltica macroeconmica: sound macroeconomic policy management (Sound macroeconomic policy management contributes to sustain economic growth and employment.) solidez: soundness (The first table below shows the soundness of the funding structure.) slido/slida: sound (A sound legal system in Europe can only function if the public knows where to turn to.); robust ( a robust industrial production) / (The Bank also maintained sound credit quality.) solo: solely (other financial institutions that solely specialize in serving this market segment.) soluciones de financiacin: financing solutions (Official aid efforts must catalyse innovative financing solutions for the private sector.) soluciones financieras: financial solutions (The bank competes to be the leading global provider of financial solutions for demanding clients, ) solvencia (financiera): financial standing (The banks only loan money to companies with solid financial standing,); solvency (The government should certify the solvency of the companies it regulates.); credit worthiness (The possession of e-M is not directly linked to credit worthiness.); ability to pay (Ability to pay refers to the borrower's ability to make interest and principal payments on debts.) solvente: financially sound (Financially sound banks can borrow directly from Federal Reserve Banks even if they have not exhausted other sources of funds.); solvent (A solvent person has credit worthiness.); free of debt; able to pay someter (someter algo a la aprobacin de alguien): submit (Companies are required to submit monthly financial statements to the board.) someter a su consideracin: submit for your consideration (I am pleased to submit for your consideration a recommended budget for 2004- 05.) someter a consideracin del (de la): submit for consideration by the (This Decree establishes that the Executive must submit for consideration by the citizens of the city the name of the candidate being proposed.) / ( the Director-General should submit for consideration by the Board at its first session in the second year of each biennium a final performance report ) somos testigos de: we are witnesses to (We are witnesses to one of the greatest of natural disasters); we are witness to (We are witness to an extremely dangerous trend.) sopesar: weigh (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) soportar: endure (We had to endure a nine-hour delay at the airport.); weather (When asked why saving banks have not weathered the crisis as well as other banks, Salgado pointed out that "savings banks have ...); bear ( a too-slow adjustment that would require another twenty years of bearing the costs of monetary duality.) soporte: support (BANDEC maintains the technology as support of the service.) sortear: weather ( which have weathered the economic and financial uncertainties of recent years better than most jurisdictions around

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the world.) sostn de la familia: breadwinner (... the traditional family model - with a male breadwinner and a female homemaker - has become the exception.) sostn: support (AWR is responsible for raising much of its own financial support in order to reach the world.) / (All Member States must throw their full moral, diplomatic, political and economic support behind its early realization.) sostener (creencia; opinin): hold (He holds unpopular views on many subjects.) sostenibilidad: sustainability (The issue of sustainability does not only apply to towns and cities.) sostenible: sustainable (Sustainable development (SD) is a pattern of growth in which resource use aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs ...) suavizar las restricciones: ease the restrictions (and continue the process of easing restrictions on self-employment) sub-: deputy (deputy director; deputy manager) subdirector/subdirectora: deputy director; deputy manager subir a: go up to (the nation's jobless rate went up to 9 percent from 8.8 percent ...); raise to (Yes, I agree that the smoking age should be raised to 21, because it is more addictive and dangerous than alcohol, which has a 21-year old age limit, ) subir: move up (There have been so many years of price deflation, retailers need to move up prices to stay profitable.) subrayar: underscore (It should be underscored that 90% of the Banks direct portfolio is collateralized with real guarantees or outside repayment sources, ) subsecretario asistente de Estado: Deputy Assistant Secretary of State (the logics contained in the memorandum drafted by the former Deputy Assistant Secretary of State, Lester Mallory, on April 6, 1960 that was declassified a few years ago,) subsidio de desempleo: unemployment benefit (Unemployment benefit is a weekly payment which helps people who are looking for work or training for work.) subsistencia: livelihood (One of the foremost characteristics of their livelihood is the use of natural resources.) sucursal: branch (a local branch of the bank) suficiente: adequate ( ensure the consistency of such proposals by making adequate financial resources available.) sufrir: suffer (Block's own farm has suffered large financial setbacks.), undergo (the company has undergone several changes of ownership), incur (We incurred heavy expenses to repair the poor work done by the builder.); bear (a too-slow adjustment that would require another twenty years of bearing the costs of monetary duality.) sugerencia: recommendation (on the (por) recommendation of the Board) suma un total de: add up to a total of (This adds up to a total of 18 notifications one year after the implementation deadline had elapsed.) suministrar: supply (The dam supplies San Francisco with water and power.) ;furnish (In such cases, applicants were informed about the difficulties and an estimate of the additional time needed to furnish the information.); provide (The company provides medical benefits to all employees.) suministros bancarios: banking supplies (Budco has been serving the banking industry with quality cashier and banking supplies for 40 years.) superacin profesional: professional improvement (General Training: to seek the professional improvement of the employee through the knowledge of new working tools, new techniques, the updating of professional content and management methods, among others.) superar las expectativas: exceed expectations (Our new offering in the high-networth segment exceeded expectations ) superar: overcome (We will overcome the present trends with tolerance and togetherness.); get over; surpass; weather ( which have weathered the economic and financial uncertainties of recent years better than most jurisdictions around the world.) superarse profesionalmente: excel professionally (Excel professionally and reach personal goals.) superarse: excel oneself; excel yourself; excel themselves (But this year the organisers want to excel themselves.) supervit en la balanza de pagos: surplus in the balance of payments (The government has been applying a tough adjustment policy which has led to the reduction in the fiscal deficit and to a surplus in the balance of payments, ) supervit ganado: earned surplus (In Brazil, interest payments related to remuneration on shareholders' equity are treated as an expense by tax legislation and as a reduction of the earned surplus account by corporate legislation.) superintendente: superintendent (The Superintendent of Financial Institutions has asked Canadian banks to apply certain recommendations published in April 2008 in the report of the Financial Stability Board.) superior a la media: above average (Companies are targeted that exhibit above average economic growth)

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superior a: above (a sensitivity analysis to determine a margin of capital above minimum regulatory levels.); in excess of (National Bank Financial Group Personal and Commercial, Wealth Management and Financial Marketswith total assets in excess of $145 billion as at October 31, 2010.) superior/muy moderno/ultra moderno/mas moderno/ltimo modelo: advanced (to authorize Poland to purchase nearly $ 60 millones in advanced oil refinery equipment.) supervisar: oversee (As marketing manager, her job is to oversee all the company's advertising.); supervisin bancaria: banking supervision (the latest guidelines from the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, known as Basel III,) supervisin: oversight (The FBI provided technical expertise and general oversight to the investigation.) / (The numerous changes in regulations and existing standards during recent years have expanded the oversight role of the Board.) supervisor: supervisor; superintendent (The Superintendent of Financial Institutions has asked Canadian banks to apply certain recommendations); overseer suponer: entail (Any investment entails risk.) suposicin: assumption (The plan was based on the assumption) supresin: removal (Removal of prohibitions on the domestic consumer market, including the opening of a market for cars and houses.); elimination (One might expect that the final objective of the elimination of the dual monetary system is the restoration of the Cuban peso as the sole monetary unit.) supuesto/suposicin: assumption (The plan was based on the assumption) surgir: emerge (New business opportunities will emerge with advances in technology.) surtido de servicios: range of services (National Bank Financial Group offers a complete range of services: ) surtido/seleccin/serie: array (the scientific institutions of our country have developed a wide array of biological products with agricultural applications.) / (The airport shops offer a wide array of merchandise.) surtir efecto: take effect (All salary increases will take effect (=begin) in January.) suscribir (acuerdos; contrato; seguro): sign (Gazprom and pipe producers sign Agreements on Sci-Tech Cooperation.); subscribe (However, it can subscribe agreements with public or private institutions whose purpose is to help and protect the animals.); underwrite (Applicants should in principle underwrite insurance in their State of residence.); conclude (Chevron, Statoil and Repsol conclude agreements for exploration offshore Atlantic Canada.) suscriptor: underwriter (Furthermore, the Bank granted the underwriters an over-allotment option to purchase up to an additional 3,000,000 shares at the exercise price of $25.00 per share at any time in the 30 days following the closing date.) sustentar (idea, teora): maintain; uphold sustitucin de importaciones: substitution of imports (Industry Minister Dbora Giorgi reported that the substitution of imports amounted to 4 billion dollars during the first half of the year.); replacement of imports (The total replacement of imports with local production is improbable, however, it may be possible to ) sustituir importaciones: substitute imports (new investments were limited to those that generate foreign exchange earnings in the short term and substitute imports ) (INICIO)

tal como est/tal como est: as is (With the end of the Vietnam war these warships became available for loan to other countries on the usual as is basis.) / (All merchandise is sold as is -- no refunds, no exchanges.) tal como nosotros la entendemos: as we understand it (I would say that architecture, as we understand it today, differs from building in that the concept, or ideas, ) tal como nosotros lo entendemos: as we understand it (As we understand it, the company has concluded an agreement with . . .) tambin: also (this group also proposes risk limits that reflect the risk tolerance established by the ARMC); as well (They advertised the new movie on television, and in newspapers as well (= also).) tan ampliamente como sea possible: as broadly as possible (To authorize the Board of Directors, as broadly as possible, to exercise the authorization granted by this resolution )

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tan pronto como sea posible/a la mayor brevedad/con la mayor brevedad/con la mayor brevedad posible/cuanto antes/ lo ms pronto posible/ lo antes posible: as soon as possible (Something must be done about this as soon as possible.) tan pronto como: as soon as (As soon as any faxes arrive, they're put in a special box.) tan slo: as few as (as few as 30% pass first time) tanto con como: bothand (In addition, significant increases can be noted in relation to both total production and production destined for sales.) tanto en trminos absolutos como relativos: in both absolute and relative terms (Poverty has been approached in both absolute and relative terms.) tanto encomo: in bothand (denominated in both Cuban pesos and hard currency.); (The Bank maintained ratios that satisfied these requirements in both 2010 and 2009.); (in both absolute and relative terms); (placing the Bank among industry leaders, in both Canada and globally.); both inand (This is very clear both in China and Russia, but is also valid up to a point for some countries of East Europe.) tantocomo: bothand (this has enabled to perform transactions both of the bank and its customers in other geographic regions.) tarea: assignment (In the new context of staff cuts, this decision has increased the number of staff in between assignments.); task (We are all committed to the task of reconstruction.) tarjeta de crdito: credit card (A credit card is a small plastic card that you can use to buy something and pay for it in the future.) tarjeta de dbito: debit card (A debit card is a small plastic card used to make a payment by taking the amount of the payment automatically from your bank account: The supermarket takes debit cards, credit cards, cash, and checks.) tarjeta de presentacin/tarjeta de visita/tarjeta comercial/ tarjeta profesional: calling card (It was more than a calling card, but a representation of a relationship.); business card (The presentation of your Business Card is obligatory.) tarjeta magntica: magnetic card (The branch of electronic means of payment had issued more than 255,000 magnetic cards in its various forms and currencies.) tasa anual de variacin: annual rate of change (The compounded annual rate of change shows what the growth rate ...) tasa de cambio fija: fixed exchange rate (If a fixed exchange rate was entered in the purchase order, an error message is displayed.) tasa de cambio: exchange rate (Exchange rates calculator, this free to use exchange rate calculator gives up-to- date foreign exchange rates for the Australian Dollar (AUD) against most of the ...); rate of exchange (Under special circumstances, the Central Bank may temporarily suspend its own quotation of the rate of exchange of the krna.) tasa de crecimiento poblacional: population growth rate (The most current of population growth rate is) tasa de descuento: discount rate (The assumption regarding the discount rate is determined using an interest rate curve that represents the yield for high-quality corporate bonds.) tasa de desempleo: unemployed rate (in the United States, the slight growth is imperceptible compared to high and persistent rates of unemployment,) tasa de desercin escolar: drop out rate in schools (Plans to reduce the drop out rate in schools will be implemented this year.) tasa de fecundidad/fertilidad: fertility rate (The total fertility rate (TFR) is a more direct measure of the level of fertility than the crude birth rate, since it refers to births per woman. tasa de inflacin: inflation rate (The inflation rate fell to 1%.) tasa de inters interbancario: interbank interest rate (The average interbank interest rate in domestic currency at August 16 recorded 4.25 percent. tasa de inters simple: simple interest rate (The interest rate applied to Eurosystem reverse open market operations is a simple interest rate ) tasa de inters: interest rate (An interest rate is the rate at which interest is paid by a borrower for the use of money that they borrow from a lender.) / (The interest rate applied to Eurosystem reverse open market operations is a simple interest rate ); rate of interest tasa de morosidad: delinquency rate (Delinquency rate is the percentage of loans within a loan portfolio that have delinquent payments) tasa de mortalidad infantil: infant mortality rate (deaths of babies under one year of age per 1000 live births) tasa de mortalidad: mortality rate (Mortality rate is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit time.); death rate (Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1000 population estimated at midyear.) tasa de natalidad: birth rate (Obviously a high birth rate is a good thing, but it would take years before this was reflected in the labour force.)

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tasa de prevalencia entre los adultos: adult prevalence rate (The adult prevalence rate is calculated by dividing the estimated number of adults living with HIV/AIDS at yearend by the total adult population at yearend.) tasa de rendimiento: return rate (The results of the calculations of the internal return rate were not shown in the previous chart, because in all of the cases this indicator was bigger than 100% ...); rate of return (In finance, rate of return (ROR), also known as return on investment (ROI), rate of profit or sometimes just return, is the ratio of money gained or lost ) tasa de rentabilidad: return rate (The results of the calculations of the internal return rate were not shown in the previous chart, because in all of the cases this indicator was bigger than 100% ...); rate of return (In finance, rate of return (ROR), also known as return on investment (ROI), rate of profit or sometimes just return, is the ratio of money gained or lost ) tasa declarada: posted rate (mortgage loans are granted at the posted rate less 2%) tasa preferencial/tasa de inters preferencial: prime rate (The interest rates are floating at prime rate plus spread composed of risk premium and term charge.) tasa: rate (In 2004-2007, gross domestic product grew at an average rate of 9%, while in 2008-2010 this dropped to 2.5%.) tasas y comisiones: fees and charges (And then the one that was supposed to be free is as follows: credit card fee: EUR 12; taxes, fees and charges: EUR 39.96; insurance: EUR 14.) tecnologas de punta: state-of-the-art technologies (...in this field require economies of scale to be able to afford state-of-the-art technologies.) tecnologas de vanguardia: state-of-the-art technologies (The fact remains that state-of-the-art technologies are developed in the richer countries.) tecnologas modernas/tecnologas ms avanzadas: state-of-the-art technologies (The new models are equipped with state-of-the-art technologies) tema: issue ( as well as issues regarding transparency in the monetary policy.) tendencia a la baja/tendencia descendente: downward trend (Demand is lumpy and cyclical with a downward trend.) tendencia al alza/tendencia alcista: upward trend (This indicates that the market is on an upward trend.); uptrend (On the other hand Mexico short-term rates continued the uptrend seen in prior quarters.) tendencia ascendente/tendendencia alcista: uptrend (These can tell you if the market is moving in an uptrend or downtrend.) tendencia descendente/tendencia decreciente: downtrend (If it's a downtrend, meaning that the rate is decreasing, selling the currency pair will give you a better chance of making money.) tendencia: trend (There is reason to believe that this trend will continue in coming years.) tenedor de bonos/titular de bonos/obligacionista: bondholder (A bond is issued under an indenture that specifies the issuer's obligation to the bondholder and the manner in which the debt is secured.) tenencia de activos en divisas: holding of foreign exchange assets (Holdings of foreign exchange assets (total of all currencies, in millions of euro equivalent): the figure reported shall be the higher ...) tenencia de deuda pblica y valores extranjeros: holding of government debt and foreign securities (Many institutional investors in the region have high liquidity levels and large holdings of government debt and foreign securities, reflecting in part the dearth of attractive local investment alternatives.) tenencia de ttulos extranjeros: holding of foreign securities (Holdings of foreign securities by insurance companies and pension funds.) tenencia de valores denominados en moneda extranjera: holdings of securities denominated in foreign currency (The statistical category should be larger than the accounting category because it includes holdings of securities denominated in foreign currency and some other securities holdings.) tener derecho a: be eligible for (You have to be employed six months to be eligible for medical benefits.); be entitled to (banks will be entitled to use tier 3 capital solely to support market risks) tener el mandato de: be mandated to (The Office of the President, which is composed of the President and Chief Executive Officer and the officers responsible for the Banks main functions and business units, is mandated to define the Banks culture and philosophy, ) tener en cuenta: bear in mind (It is essential to bear in mind the importance of having coordinated...); note that (It is important to note that payments can be made to a number of individuals or their community.) allow for (we have to allow for that possibility) tener en mente: bear in mind (When referring to school education, one should always bear in mind that it is just one aspect of a wider education process.) tener lugar: take place (We want to stress, too, that reconciliation can take place only under the leadership of the Afghan Government.) tener obligaciones contractuales con: be under contract to (This one-year pilot project is under contract with a non-profit employee development organization.)

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tener por objetivo: aim at (the talks were aimed at ending the strike) tener presente: bear in mind (That is something we have to bear in mind.) tener que ver con: bear on (There have been a number of reference books/bibliographies produced which bear on this problem.) tener relaciones comerciales con: deal with; do business with (The firm deals with many overseas suppliers.) tener su origen en : originate from (Until now, capital for private businesses has originated from the savings of the entrepreneurs, remittances from abroad, and informal finance.) tener un contrato con: be under contract to teniendo en cuenta que: in view of the fact that (in view of the fact that sanctions committees had been set up to avoid over-burdening the Council's work with technical details, ) terapia de choque: shock therapy (Shock therapy kick-starts revival.) tergiversacin deliberada: willful misrepresentation (If the board determines that willful misrepresentation occurred and therefore fraud is suspected, it shall direct the agency to pursue one or more of the following: ...) tergiversacin: misrepresentation (Misrepresentation of the facts and failure to collect reliable evidence is a very significant problem.); misstatement (the financial statements are free of material misstatement) tergiversar: misrepresent (No campaign material should misrepresent the truth, cause undue offence or present opinion as fact.) terminacin: completion ( the Greek authorities confirm that they initially set the date of 31 December 1999 for the completion of the investment plan.) terminales de punto de venta (TPV): point of sale terminals (POS terminals) (and also maintains point of sale terminals (POS terminals) in almost all its branches nationwide) trminos de comercio (precios de los productos que son exportados de un pas con respecto a los precios de los productos que son importados a dicho pas): terms of trade (The terms of trade fell 35% in 2008 and 15% in 2009.) trminos de intercambio desiguales: unequal exchange terms (It established and consolidated an international market division (with extremely unequal exchange terms),); unequal terms of trade (Unequal terms of trade create differential living standards across countries;); unequal terms of exchange; unequal trade terms tesorera: treasury (announced that it would purchase $600 billion in Treasury securities by the end of the second quarter of 2011.) test de efectividad: effectiveness test (Hedges are considered to be effective or efficient for derivatives in relation to which the effectiveness test results are within a range of 80% to 125%.) Tiempo Universal Coordinado: Universal Time Coordinated (base uniforme para medir la hora en cada zona del mundo, est basado en el reloj atmico (sistema nuevo y mas preciso que el GMT) tienda al por menor: retail outlet (The company has more than 1200 retail outlets nationwide.) tiene entre sus atribuciones/tienen entre sus atribuciones: has within its powers (Congress has within its powers the right to legislate against discrimination against women without a new amendment.); have within their powers ( financial services providers, such as banks, have within their powers to access external capital and have fewer restrictions on business lending.) tierra cultivable ociosa: idle arable land (Despite having idle arable land, Cuba currently imports 80% of its food.) tierra en usufructo: land in usufruct (These follow a decentralized structure the essence of which is to assign state lands in usufruct to a workers' collective, so that they can work together in production and marketing through the State.) tierras raras: rare earth elements (Rare Earth Elements (REE) are becoming increasingly important in electronic devices used in defense, alternative energy and communications industries.) tipo de cambio fijo: fixed exchange rate (If a fixed exchange rate was entered in the purchase order, an error message is displayed.) tipo de cambio: exchange rate (Revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the average exchange rates for the period.); rate of exchange (Under special circumstances, the Central Bank may temporarily suspend its own quotation of the rate of exchange of the krna.) tipo de inters simple: simple interest rate (The interest rate applied to Eurosystem reverse open market operations is a simple interest rate ) tipo de inters: interest rate (The interest rate applied to Eurosystem reverse open market operations is a simple interest rate ); rate of interest tipos de financiamiento: types of financing (Both types of financing will be provided under programs with the Export Import Bank of the United States (Ex-Im Bank); types of funding (There are different types of funding needed and these will influence the funding mechanism sought.)

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titular de la cuenta: account holder (Only the account holder can make changes to the account.) titular de la licencia: licensee (Licenses are only personally granted to the purchaser who becomes licensee due to that.) titular: holder ( a representative shall not relieve the marketing authorisation holder of his legal responsibility.) ttulo de participacin: equity security (Equity securities are valued at the lower of market and acquisition cost.) ttulos de inversiones/valores de inversin: investment securities (A company may, among other reasons, be deemed to be an investment company if it owns investment securities with a value exceeding 40% of its total assets ) ttulos/valores/efectos: securities (Securities are sold to investors around the world.) toda clase de: all manner of (He has survived all manner of difficulties.) todava eran claramente visibles: were still clearly seen (Especially in the most developed economies were still clearly seen the consequences of the great crisis that broke out in 2008.) todava mas: further (These measures will further aggravate the situation.) todo lo cual: all of which (People acquire and apply literacy for different purposes in different situations, all of which are shaped by culture, history, language, religion and socio-economic conditions.) todo: every (all possible) (Every effort is being made to fix it.) / (She has every right to be proud of herself.) / (they have every confidence in us) / (every parent will have experienced this at one time or another) Todos los caminos conducen a Roma.: All roads lead to Rome. todos: every (not every child is as fortunate as you) / (They're open every day.) / (Every employee will receive a bonus this year.) tolerancia/amplitud de criterio/amplitud de miras: broad-mindedness (What is really needed is broad-mindedness.) tolerante/de miras amplias: broad-minded (As legislators, we need to be broad-minded enough to create tools for the public that solve the problems of today,) toma de decisiones: decisionmaking (It supports decisionmaking for carrying out investment in the country.) / He is good at decisionmaking.) tomar decisiones acertadas/tomar decisiones adecuadas/tomar decisiones atinadas: make sound decisions (Let us trust in the ability of Member States to make sound decisions.) tomar en cuenta: to take into account ( to take into account the fiscal adjustments) tomar medidas para: take steps to ( to take steps to normalize monetary policy); to take measures to tomar prestado: borrow (We couldn't afford to borrow money for a house as a result of the rise in interest rates.) tope salarial: wage ceiling (A maximum wage, also often called a wage ceiling, is a legal limit on how much income an individual can earn.) tpico: issue ( as well as issues regarding transparency in the monetary policy.) total: absolute (There is absolute agreement between the parties.) totalizar: amount to (Federal and state costs for building and operating prisons amounted to $25 billion.); total (Net income for the Personal and Commercial segment totalled $587 million in 2010 ); add up to totalmente automatizado/a: fully automated (The model has been designed to work in a fully automated environment.) trabajador a destajo: pieceworker trabajador por cuenta propia: self employed person (A self-employed person is defined as an independent worker, who works independently of an employer, in contrast with an employee, ); freelance worker (A freelancer, freelance worker, or freelance is somebody who is self-employed and is not committed to a particular employer long term.); freelancer; freelance trabajador social: social worker (As a social worker, you would provide people with advice and emotional support and arrange care services to help people.) trabajo a destajo: piecework (direct remuneration calculated on the basis of time worked, output or piecework and paid to employees for hours worked.) trabajo libre asociado: free associated labor (free associated labor employed by large associated capital) trabajo por cuenta propia: self employment (the increase of 351 000 in other non-state forms, including the self employment) traer consigo: entail (Any investment entails risk.) tramitacin de facturas: processing of invoices (the functions related to the processing of invoices were transferred from the Procurement Office to the Finance Office)

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trmites legales: legal procedures (In both cases, it was a matter of purely legal procedures.) tranquiliza notar que: it is reassuring to note that (It is reassuring to note that exports to Germany and sales by Irish-owned companies into the German market are rising.) tranquiliza observar que: it is reassuring to note that (It is reassuring to note that exports to Germany and sales by Irish-owned companies into the German market are rising.) tranquiliza saber que: it is reassuring to know that (However it is reassuring to know that you can learn how to treat this problem.) transacciones de bienes y servicios: goods and services transactions (The current account records all receipts and payments from goods and services transactions with foreigners.) transacciones financieras turbias: shady financial dealings (Three years later, Dick was indicted by a grand jury for shady financial dealings and died in 1974 before his case went to trial.) transacciones: dealings (He was accused of being involved in shady financial dealings.) transferencia bancaria: bank transfer (The entire non-state sector may use, in addition to cash, the following payment instruments: a) bank transfers, b) checks, c) payment orders, d) debit or credit cards, e) local letters of credit, f) demand bills, g) promissory notes, and h) others that are used in banking. transferencia contable: book transfer Transferencia Electrnica de Fondos: Electronic Funds Tranfer (Electronic funds transfer (EFT) is the electronic exchange or transfer of money from one account to another, either within a single financial institution or across multiple institutions, through computer-based systems.) / (However, we recommend that districts provide all information necessary to facilitate sending funds via electronic funds transfer.) transferencias de fondos al exterior: outbound fund transfers (With our extensive foreign correspondent bank network, outbound fund transfers can be executed to foreign beneficiaries worldwide.) transferencias de fondos del exterior: inbound fund transfers (For inbound fund transfers only and for relatively little cost, you could conceivably transfer funds from your foreign bank account to your ) transformacin gradual: gradual change (a new phase in the field of migration policy in the 25 Member States, as this gradual change from national policy to a collective policy was further extended.); gradual transformation (Gradual transformation will require a stable, long term policy framework.) transparencia econmica: economic openness (Since then, China's policy of reform and economic openness has unlocked unprecedented levels of growth and development.) / (European economic openness is vital for creating jobs and growth in Europe and for our international competitiveness.) transparencia: openness (Openness at our company also includes open communication with each other.); transparency (However, it is considered that transparency measures alone will not be effective to address these problems.) transporte terrestre: terrestrial transport (Basque Government estimates external costs of terrestrial transport at 2 billion euros per year.) transporte: transportation (Enhancement of local transportation is a priority.) transportista areo/porteador areo: air carrier (During the Soviet era Aeroflot was synonymous with Russian civil aviation, as it was the only air carrier.) transportista fluvial: inland waterway carrier (promoting and renewing the occupation of inland waterway carrier.) transportista martimo/porteador martimo: sea carrier (the owner of goods, makes a contract with a sea carrier to carry them from Zenda to Xanadu.); maritime carrier (even though the substance spilled at sea was being transported by a third party, in this case a maritime carrier.) transportista terrestre: land carrier (China has at least one land carrier training center for few years already) transportista tierra adentro/transportista hacia el interior: inland carrier (Inland Carrier is a transportation line which hauls cargo inland: truck, rail, barge, inland waterways, or domestic airline flights.) transportista/porteador: carrier (The carrier is responsible for the compliance of the maximum fare by such companies.) tras: in the wake of (in the wake of the recent global financial crisis); in the aftermath of (We are proud to be the first major Canadian bank to increase dividends in the aftermath of the financial crisis.) trasfondo: background (To understand the war, we need to consider its historical and political background.) traspaso a reserva obligatoria: transfer to statutory reserve (Sec.17 of the banking regulation act requires transfer to statutory reserve, of 20% of profits before declaring dividens.) traspasos: transfers (However, the additions, disposals and transfers of all fixed assets are shown in the balance sheet or ...) tratar con: deal with (We have to deal with problems as they arise.) / (She had a marvelous ability to deal with people.) / (We only deal with companies that have a good credit record.)

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tratar de: bear on (There have been a number of reference books/bibliographies produced which bear on this problem.) Tribunal Supremo Popular: Peoples Supreme Court trimestralmente: quarterly (It's published quarterly.) triplicar: treble ( the export of physicians to Venezuela grew to treble the income from tourism) triunfo: success (On behalf of the executive management team, I wish to acknowledge their high level of engagement and thank them for their hard work and contribution to the Banks success.) trueque: barter (Also much of the economy works on barter and is therefore impossible to tax.) turbio: shady (They'd been involved in shady real estate deals.) turbulencia financiera: financial turbulence (Aviation industry hit by financial turbulence in 2011.); financial turmoil turistas: visitors (Every summer, this tiny fishing village receives thousands of visitors.), tourists (Millions of tourists visit Rome every year.) turistas: visitors (Every summer, this tiny fishing village receives thousands of visitors.), tourists (Millions of tourists visit Rome every year.) (INICIO)

U ubicarse en torno a: come in at about (Inflation will come in at about 5.5%, as a result of stronger domestic demand and higher prices ...) ulterior: further (The CEO and CFO also took further steps that enabled them to conclude that, ) ltima instancia/ltimo recurso: last resort (It is understood that suspension would be a measure of last resort.) ltimamente: lately (pace that has had for some years, increased lately by the crisis, ); of late ( that should also include the entire generation of conventional weapons of a similar lethal power developed of late.) ltimo modelo: state-of-the-art (it is the best and most modern of its type)(a state-of-the-art computer system) ltimo: past (Over the past eight quarters, consolidated net income has been positive, ) una buena parte de: much of (Much of Connecticut's countryside is dotted with large estates and horse farms.) Una puntada a tiempo ahorra ciento.: A stitch in time saves nine. una vez ms: once again (I'll explain it once again/once more (= another time).) once more; one more time una y otra vez: over and over (again) (Words such as love lose their impact because they've been said over and over again.) nicamente: solely ( other financial institutions that solely specialize in serving this market segment.) Unidad de Cuenta Comn: Common Account Unit (Thus, we have initiated a Single Regional Compensation System (SUCRE), which includes a Common Account Unit, ) unidad de inteligencia financiera: financial intelligence unit (The budget of the Financial Intelligence Unit would initially be included in the State budget.) / (That financial intelligence unit shall be established as a central national unit.) Unidad Empresarial de Base (UEB): Base Business Unit unidad generadora de efectivo: cash-generating unit (Under international financial reporting standards, a cash-generating unit is the smallest group of assets that independently generates cash flow and whose cash flow is largely independent of the cash flows generated by other assets.) unidad presupuestada: budgeted unit (its going to reduce the amount of budgeted units) Unidades Bsicas de Production Cooperativa (UBPC): Basic Units of Cooperative Production (The sector outside the state includes: workers employed in joint ventures, cooperative workers employed in the agricultural sector, which includes the members of Agricultural Production Cooperatives (CPA) and the Basic Units of Cooperative Production (UBPC), as well as independent farmers.) unido a: coupled with (Coupled with more positive price developments in some markets), along with unificacin monetaria: currency unification (This paper evaluates the three objectives of the proposed reform regarding monetary and exchange rate policy: 1) currency unification, 2) improving the monetary policy strategy and 3) financial transformations.

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Unin de la Industria del Mueble: Union of Furniture Industry unir a: couple with (the fall in demand, coupled with competition from abroad) unirse a: join (The Commission will be invited to join the evaluation team as observer.) Universidad de Ciencias Informticas: University of Informatics Sciences (Albet Engineering and Syst ems, Inc. is a Cuban company whose origin and development is closely linked to the University of Informatics Sciences, uno de cada: one in every (One in every six Europeans lives in poverty.) unos cuantos/unas cuantas: a few (I'm going to the supermarket to get a few things.) unos/unas: a few (a few days ago) / (there are a few left) uso: usage (The study tracks credit card usage over the last ten years.) usuario de Internet (internauta): Internet user (A good result: Internet users told us they keep their computers in good shape.) usuario/socio (de una biblioteca): borrower (library user) usuario: user (The number of cell phone users has grown tremendously.) usufructuario: beneficial owner (Is there an obligation to renew identification of the client or the beneficial owner when doubts appear as to their identity in the course of business relationships?); usufructuary (As owner, tenant or usufructuary of lands, buildings or premises used to perform the above mentioned activity.) usurpar: usurp (It was always aimed at usurping Cuban trademarks of recognized international prestige that were duly registered in the U.S. territory) utilidad antes de impuesto: profit before tax (The historical limit of profits before tax has been surpassed) utilidad del ejercicio: profit for the accounting period (But you can deduct this interest as an allowable expense when calculating your taxable profit for the accounting period when your company incurred the interest ...) utilidad despus de impuesto: profit after tax (In the US, net profit is often associated with net income or profit after tax ) utilidad en actividades ordinarias antes de impuesto: (The Group's profit on ordinary activities before tax increased by 24% to DKK 20.2 million.) utilidad retenida del ejercicio: (Profit retained for the financial year amounted to 16752000 and will be transferred to reserves.) utilidades imponibles: taxable profit (mutual recognition of the various methods of calculating taxable profit.) utilidades por trabajador: profit per worker (Suppose that the workers run the firm, and that they want to maximize profit per worker, not total profit.) utilidades reinvertidas: reinvested earnings (These reinvested earnings are recorded as income with an offsetting capital transaction.) utilidades retenidas al final del ejercicio econmico: retained earnings at the end of the accounting period (Because Dividends is a temporary account, it must be closed to Retained Earnings at the end of the accounting period.) utilidades retenidas del ejercicio anterior: retained earnings brought forward (Yes, you do need to add the earnings for this year to the retained earnings brought forward.) utilidades: earnings (Oil and gas prices will have a direct impact on the Company's earnings and are subject to volatile price fluctuations ) utilizacin: usage (The study tracks credit card usage over the last ten years.); deployment utilizar: deploy (the stimulus they deployed to fight the recession) (INICIO)

V va dirigida a: is intended to (The proposal before us is intended to create these uniform standards.); is aimed at (This service is aimed at all companies manufacturing and installing elevators.); is directed to (My second question too is directed to both Tribunals.) validar: validate (All valuation models are validated, and controls have been implemented to ensure that they are applied.) validez: validity (The legal validity of any collateral obtained and the Banks ability to correctly measure the collaterals value on a regular basis ...)

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valor absoluto: absolute value (Enter either an absolute value or a percentage.) valor actual: present value (Actuarial valuations are made periodically to determine the present value of plan obligations.); current value valor adquisitivo: purchasing power (Increased purchasing power and higher living standards in these countries are leading to changes) valor agregado/valor aadido: added value (The capacity of generating products that sell is today the key factor to create value added.) / (There is no value added in the new legislation.) valor contable: book value (The book value of a fixed asset is equal to its acquisition price or production cost, plus or minus revaluations, depreciation and other amounts written off.) valor de cambio promedio: average exchange value (The appreciation of the Canadian dollar, whose average exchange value could somewhat exceed parity with the U.S. dollar in 2011,) valor de mercado: market value (The assets of individuals under management and under administration increased 20% to total $231 billion, due to higher market values and the addition of major clients in our Correspondent Network.) valor en libros: book value (Any excess of the book value of goodwill over the implied fair value of goodwill is recorded as impairment in net income.) valor en uso: value in use (An impairment loss is recognized if the value in use is lower than the net book value of the reporting unit.) valor impositivo: taxable value (the taxable value is established by the Ministry of Finance.) valor intrnseco: absolute value (information technology is a tool, not an absolute value.) valor nominal: face value (Bonds issued are stated at their face value.); par value (Redemption should always be possible at any time, at par value.) / (An unlimited number of shares without par value.); nominal value valor razonable: fair value (The estimated fair value reflects market conditions on a given date and, consequently, may not be indicative of future fair value.) valor recuperable: recoverable value (The recoverable value is the higher value between the net sales value of an asset and its value in use.); recoverable amount (A loss of value is recorded when the recoverable amount is less than the book value.) valor: worth (The estimated worth of her jewels alone is about $30 million.); value (The Bank has policies governing the process for determining fair value.) valoracin: valuation (For each Member State the valuation rule applied has to be indicated); assessment (An expert has made an assessment of this agreement.); appraisal (I was pleased with the appraisal of my work.) valorar: appraise (This is a complicated problem, which means we need to carefully appraise the measures to be adopted.) valorar: weigh (In order to weigh the extent of the visible contents of the Cuban monetary and exchange rate reform ) valores bancarios/ttulos bancarios: bank securities (you can explore opportunities in the stock market through hdfc bank securities account) valores negociables/ttulos negociables: marketable securities (Marketable securities consist primarily of certificates of deposits with original maturities greater than 90 days but ...) valores no cotizados en bolsa/ttulos no cotizados en bolsa: unlisted securities (Unlisted securities: underlying book value of the investment per the latest available balance sheet.) valores/efectos/ttulos: securities (The securities present a specific risk, which is a particular variant of market risk associated with adverse movements in market prices due to factors specific to the issuer of a security.) van juntos/van juntas/van de la mano: belong together (In the capacity planning table you can select or highlight operations that belong together.) / (Growth, employment and social welfare belong together.) variable: changeable (The national and international macroeconomic context in which the Argentine economy has developed over the last few years has been somewhat changeable.) variables econmicas: economic variables (the economic variables which could explain the better part of the growth of the GDP over the past few years) variaciones: changes (Other changes in net assets.) / (make it possible to record changes in net worth (the difference between assets and liabilities).); variations (Other variations in equity.) velocidad: pace (Our world is changing at a rapid pace and we are changing with it.) vencer: overcome (There is work underway designed to overcome these obstacles.); mature (When her bonds matured, she moved the money into stocks.) vencido y pagadero: due and payable (Due and payable in full within 30 days from date of invoice unless otherwise agreed upon in writing.)

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vencimiento..acelerado: ..accelerated..maturity vencimiento: maturity (The amount at maturity, which the Bank will be contractually required to pay to the holders of these deposits, may vary and will be different from the fair value as at October 31, 2010.) vendedor: vendor (Bank common shares valued at $171 million issued and placed in escrow in the name of the vendors.) vender al por mayor: wholesale (In the sixteenth century the English book trade was centred in London, and consisted chiefly of publishers (usually operating in small syndicates) who wholesaled their own books.) venidero/venidera: forthcoming (The new financial regulations apply equally to the forthcoming non-agricultural cooperatives and other non-state entities that may be allowed in the future.) venta al contado: cash sale (Normally, in a cash sale, you sell only the quantity you can deliver on the spot.) venta al por mayor: wholesale (Wholesale clothing, jewelry, accessories, perfume and more for women and men at 70 to 80% below wholesale prices.) venta al por menor: retail sale (Retail sales are rising.) venta de talonarios de cheques: sale of checkbooks (Other operating income represents fees from safe deposit box rentals, sales of checkbooks, sales of cashiers' checks and money orders, ...) venta: sale (all sales and service activities are designed according to client needs) ventaja: edge (because of her experience she has the edge over the other applicants) ventas de servicios profesionales: selling of professional services (The successful selling of professional services is dependent on self- confidence and the careful planning of an effective sales presentation.) verdadero: actual (We expected 50 people, but the actual number was a lot higher.), true (His staff tried to keep the true nature of his illness a secret.) real (There is a real possibility that he will lose his job.), veritable (If current projections hold, Montgomery County will experience a veritable explosion in its school-age population (= it will have many more students). verificar: ascertain (The Commission must ascertain whether the aggregate aid intensity is admissible and does not exceed the ...) vertedero: landfill site vertidos marinos: Marine Dumping viabilidad: viability (The viability of our future requires that our company is sustainable, not just financially, but also in social and environmental terms.); feasibility (It makes possible to test the feasibility of actions implemented.) viable: viable (Germany does not see any viable alternative.) viajar diariamente de la casa al trabajo: commute (However, it is not easy for all of us just to commute across the border from Germany.) vas martimas: sea lanes vice-: deputy (deputy president; deputy chairman) vicecanciller: deputy foreign minister viceministro; viceministra: deputy minister vicepresidente: vice-president vida til: useful life (The salvage value and useful life of the fixed assets are reviewed every year ); service life (additions, alterations, improvements and renovations which prolong the service life or increase the productive capacity of buildings.) working life (value adjustments calculated so as to systematically depreciate the value of those assets over their estimated working life.); shelf life (The shelf life of the product is about one year from the date of production.); lifespan (The satellite's lifespan is estimated at five to eight years.) vigencia: in effect (Winter parking rules are in effect (= must be obeyed).) vigente: in force (New regulations limiting fishing on this river are now in force.); in effect (Winter parking rules are in effect (= must be obeyed).); in place (controls that are currently in place) vinculante: binding (The law is unambiguous and binding.) / (Both sides agreed to submit the dispute to binding arbitration (= to a decision they would have to obey) vincular estrechamente: closely link (Albet Engineering and Systems, Inc. is a Cuban company whose origin and development is closely linked to the University of Informatics Sciences UCI). vnculos econmicos y comerciales: economic and trade ties (the development of its economic and trade ties is already all but irreversible.) vnculos: ties (family ties are strong) / (economic ties) / (diplomatic ties)

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visitante: visitor (The visitor will find information on Cuba) Vsteme despacio que tengo prisa.: More haste, less speed. vital: vital (Effective use of the media will be vital to the success of your strategy for change.) vivienda: housing (the governments policy on housing); dwelling (The house was a modest one-story dwelling.) volatilidad de los mercados/inestabilidad de los mercados: volatility of the markets (taking into account the current worldwide economic situation and the high volatility of the markets,) volver a nombrar: reappoint (A resolution to reappoint Ernst & Young Caribbean Services, Ltd. and Interaudit S.A. as auditors of the bank) volumen comercial: trading volume (Trading volume is the amount of shares traded among parties in a certain period of time. volumen de negocios: turnover (tourism is the largest global economic activity, both in terms of turnover and number of jobs.) / (turnover is the amount of business done) volumen de trabajo: workload (Secondly, the three institutions will seek collectively to programme our legislative workload.) volumen de venta/volumen de ventas: turnover (turnover is the amount received in sales for a stated period) voluntad de continuar fortaleciendo: willingness to continue strengthening (the willingness to continue strengthening the ties of friendship and cooperation between the two countries.) voluntad poltica: political will (For that all members have to demonstrate flexibility and strong political will.) votacin a mano alzada: show of hands (a show of hands) (INICIO)

y as sucesivamente: so forth and so on (a vicious circle of work, unemployment, training and so forth and so on.) y el del: and that of the (Whatever the reason, the gap between American justice and that of the rest of the world is enormous and growing.) y los del: and those of the (The Reserve Banks' financial statements and those of the consolidated LLC entities are audited annually by an independent audit firm) y para que as conste: so that this may be officially recorded ya en: as long ago as; as early as (As early as February 21, Commander in Chief Fidel Castro had warned that NATO was irremissibly preparing a war against Libya.) ya no/dej de: no longer/ not any longer (Today the economy is no longer dollarized) / (He does not live here any longer.) ya que: since (Since all of the headings are alphabetical words, it is possible to interfile entries regardless of the nature of their heading.); because; inasmuch as (Inasmuch as funding is not available, building plans have been delayed.) ya sea por o: whether byor (whether by chance or by design); (nothing in these Terms of Use shall be construed as conferring any license to any intellectual property rights, whether by implication, estoppel, or otherwise.); either byor (Indeed, it is an affront to international humanitarian law, which clearly prohibits such practices, either by armed forces or armed groups.) ya va siendo hora: it is about time (It is about time to open.) yacimiento petrolfero/campo petrolfero: oilfield (oilfield is an area containing reserves of petroleum, esp. one that is already being exploited) yancfilo: pro-American; pro-United States yanquilandia: the USA; the States yuxtaponer: juxtapose (The exhibition juxtaposes architectural drawings with photographs of the buildings as constructed.) yuxtaposicin: juxtaposition (The juxtaposition of the original painting with the fake clearly showed up the differences.) (INICIO) Z zafra azucarera (cosecha): sugar harvest (Cuba begins the sugar harvest.)

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zafra azucarera (fabricacin): sugar making zanjar la brecha: bridge the gap (He was trying to bridge the gap between elders and youth, the middle class and poor.) zona comercial: trading area (The Community is an important trading area and must therefore protect not only itself but also the rest of the world) zona de libre comercio/zona franca: free trade area (The creation of the free trade area in the Western Balkans has been one of the priorities of the pre-accession process.); free trade zone Zona Econmica Exclusiva de Cuba: Cubas Exclusive Economic Zone (drilling operations both on land and in shallow waters, as well as in the depths of Cubas Exclusive Economic Zone.) (INICIO) Banco de Crdito y Comercio (BANDEC) Compilacin: Juan Cajaraville (cajaraville@oc.bandec.cu) Ud. puede acceder a este Glosario actualizado a travs del Portal Interbancario (http://www.interbancario.cu/), en la Seccin Publicaciones de la pgina inicial, bajo el ttulo Glosario de trminos)

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