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PWHT

REQUIREMENT (UCS56)

All welds in pressure vessels or pressure vessel parts shall be PWHT. When it is impractical to post weld heat treat at the temp specified ,it is permissible to carry out the PWHT at lower temp for longer period of time. PWHT is mandatory when it is a service requirement as per UCS-68.(i.e. when the MDMT is colder than 480C. When welding ferritic material greater than 3.2mm thick with electron beam welding process. Welding P No-3,P No-4,P No-5A 5B & 5C and P No 10 material of any thickness using the inertia and continuous welding process. Electro slag / Electro gas welds in ferritic material over 38mm thickness at the joints shall be given a grain refining (austenitizing) heat treatment. PWHT is mandatory for carbon steel material when welded joint is over 38mm nominal thickness. PWHT is mandatory for carbon steel material when welded joints over 32mm nominal thickness through 38mm nominal thickness unless (if not) preheat is applied at a minimum temp temp. of 2000 F(930 C) during welding. Means if we do pre heating during welding then over 38 mm PWHT is required otherwise over 32mm PWHT is required. In lethal service PWHT is required. PWHT is not mandatory in following conditions:1) for groove welds not over than 13mm size and fillet welds with a throat not over than 13mm that attach nozzle connection that have a finished inside diameter not greater than 51mm, provided the connection dont form ligaments that require an increase in shell or head thickness, and preheat to a minimum temp.of 2000 F(930 C). 2) for groove welds not over than 13mm size and fillet welds with a throat not over than 13mm or less that attach Tubes to tube sheet when the tube diameter doesnt exceed 51mm. A preheat of 2000 F (930 C) is applied. 3) for groove welds not over than 13mm size and fillet welds with a throat not over than 13mm or less used for attaching non pressure parts to pressure parts provided preheat to a min. of 2000 F (930 C).is applied when the thickness of pressure part exceeds 32mm. 4) for corrosion resistant weld metal overlay cladding or for welds attaching corrosion resistant applied lining provided preheat to a min temp of 2000 F (930 C) is maintained during application of first layer when the thickness of the pressure part exceeds 32mm. When pressure parts of two different P No groups are joined by welding, the PWHT shall be higher post weld temp. When non-pressure parts are welded to pressure parts the PWHT temp of the pressure parts shall be controlled. The temp of furnace doesnt exceed 4270C at the time the vessel or part is placed. The rate of heating shall not be more than 2220 C.or divided this temp with maxm metal thickness of shell or head whichever is less. The rate of Cooling shall not be more than 2780 C.or divided this temp with maxm metal thickness of shell or head whichever is less. During the heating & holding period the furnace atmosphere shall be controlled to avoid oxidation of the vessel surface. Direct impingement of flame on the vessel shall be prevented. PWHT is mandatory for P-No 3 Gr.No 3 material in all thickness.(SA-302B,C,D, SA-533 A,C,D,B,SA-672 H-80,J-80,J-90,SA-541)-not in used MATERIAL

PWHT is required for P No 3 Gr 1 and P No 3 Gr 2 over 16 mm nominal thickness.For these materials PWHT is mandatory on material up to and including 16 mm nominal thickness unless a welding procedure qualification has been made in equal or greater thickness than the production welds. PWHT is not mandatory in following conditions 1) For attaching to pressure parts that have a max carbon content of not more than 0.25% or non pressure part with groove welds not over 13mm in size and fillet welds with a throat not over than 13mm or less provided preheat to a min. of 2000 F (930 C).is applied. 2) For circumferential butt joints in pipes or tubes have both a nominal wall thickness of 13mm or less and maximum carbon content of not more than 0.25%. 3) for corrosion resistant weld metal overlay cladding or for welds attaching corrosion resistant applied lining when welded to pressure parts which have maximum of carbon content of not more than 0.25% provided preheat to a min temp of 2000 F (930 C) is maintained during application of first layer. Weld repairs to P No-1 Gr 1,2,3 material and P No-3 Gr No 1,2 3 and to the welds metals used to join these materials may be made after final PWHT but before Hydro test. PWHT is mandatory for all P No-4 Gr 1,2 material. 1) On material of SA-202 Grade A & B over 16mm nominal thickness.For these materials PWHT is mandatory up to and including 16mm nominal thickness unless a welding procedure qualification has been made in equal or greater thickness than the production welds. PWHT is not mandatory in following conditions A) For circumferential butt joints in pipes of P 4 material where the pipe or tube fulfill the following conditions a) maximum nominal outside diameter (DN 100) b) maximum nominal thickness 16mm c) maximum carbon content not more than 0.15% d) a minimum preheat temp of 2500F (1210C)

MATERIAL P-1 Gr.1,2,3

Holding temp(0C) 593

Holding time (up to 51 mm) 1Hr.15 min/25mm Do Do Do `

51 to 127 mm 2Hr+15mm for each additional 25mm Do Do 1Hr/25mm

Over 127mm 2Hr+15mm for each additional 25mm Do Do 5Hr+15 min for each additional 25mm DO 1Hr.15 min/25mm Do Do

P-3 Gr 1,2,3 P-4 Gr 1,2 P-5A,5b Gr.1 & 5C Gr.1 P-5B Gr 2 P-9A Gr 1 P-10B Gr 1 P-10F Gr 1

593 Do 677

704 593 593 538

DO 1Hr.15 min/25mm Do Do

DO 1Hr.15 min/25mm Do Do

Method to check pre heat Temperature: Temperature indicating crayons.

1) Thermocouple, Contact pyrometers, or

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