Comparison of Different Coal-based Power Generation Technologies

A Subcomponent of the WHRC Project on Climate Policy for Development in Emerging Economies Sponsored by Hewlett Foundation Conducted by Energy Technology Innovation Policy and Institute of Engineering and Themophysics of China Prepared by Lifeng Zhao (ETIP) Oct. 12, 2007

Contents
Brief Introduction Data Collection Thermodynamic Performance Environmental Performance Economic Assessment Next Steps
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Brief Introduction
Cost and performance differences among different technology options
Sub-critical PC, 600MW Sub-critical PC, 600MW+Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) Sub-critical PC, 600MW+FGD+ Flue gas denitrification Super Critical PC 600MW Super Critical PC 600MW+FGD Super Critical PC 600MW+FGD+ Flue gas denitrification USC PC, 600MW USC PC, 600MW+FGD USC PC, 600MW+FGD+ Flue gas denitrification CFB300MW IGCC200MW

What should we do
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Data Collection
Data needed for calculation of performance
typical coal types steam parameters, steam consumption, and heat recovery system parameters of typical sub-critical, SC, and USC PC plants technical parameters of gas turbine combined cycle power generation system

Data needed for calculation of economics

equipment cost construction work cost installation work cost primary material cost fuel and power cost
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Data Collection
Pathways to data collection
plant visits attendance at conferences technology vendor and manufacturer contacts interviews with experts

No. 1 2

Title Shan Xi Fertilizer plant

Contents Fixed bed gasifier (equipment, construction engineering, and installation engineering)

Jilin Changshan Fertilizer Fluidized bed gasifier (equipment, construction (Group) Co., LTD. engineering, and installation engineering) Entrained-bed gasifier (new coal-water slurry with opposed multi-nozzles gasifier), sysgas cleanup unit (equipment, construction engineering, and installation engineering) Entrained-bed gasifier, including GE, Shell, and new coalwater slurry with opposed multi-nozzles gasifier ShanxGaisifier manufacturei Luan Group Air Separation Unit (equipment, construction engineering, and installation engineering) Air Separation Unit (equipment, construction engineering, and installation engineering)China Huadian Corporation 6B and 9E gas turbines, HRSG , steam turbine, auxiliary system, Control system, electric system, water treatment system, water supply system, fuel supply system, 6 thermodynamic system

Yankuang Group

East China University of Science and Technology Sichuan Bluestar Machinery Co., Ltd Air Products and Chemicals (China) Air Liquide (Hangzhou) LTD., CO. Test and demoNanjing Turbine & Electric Machinery (Group) Co., LTD.

6 7

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Harbin Boiler Company Limited Shanghai Electric

subcritical, supercritical, ultra supercritical boilers and CFB boilers subcritical, supercritical, ultra supercritical boilers and steam turbines, electric motors

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Financial discount rate, loan rate, loan ratio, depreciation period, depreciation residual rate, amortization of intangible Zhengjiang Electric assets, amortization of deferred assets, Urban construction Power Design Institute charge rate, Extra charges rate of education funs, Operating earning tax rate, Income tax rate Financial discount rate, loan rate, loan ratio, depreciation period, depreciation residual rate, amortization of intangible assets, amortization of deferred assets, Urban construction charge rate, Extra charges rate of education funs, Operating earning tax rate, Income tax rate subcritical, supercritical, ultra supercritical PC power plants (capital, operations and maintenance costs), Construction period, Operation period, Load of first year in the operation period, Load of second year in the operation period, Annual operation hours Coal price FGD, flue gas denitrification
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North China Power Engineering Co., LTD.

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China Huaneng Group

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Shenhua Group Clean Environmental Protection Engineering Co., LTD.

Site
The design and calculation basis Site characteristics Coal characteristics
Site Characteristics
Design Air Pressure Design Temperature Relative Humidity Transportation Water 1atm 298K 55% Rail access Municipal
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Coal
Base Coal Analysis Shendong Coal
Proximate Analysis%wt Moisture Fixed Carbon Volatile Matter Ash 10.56 52.52 30.64 6.28 Ultimate Analysis%wtdry basis Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulfur ASH 26110
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76.99 4.58 10.07 0.94 0.4 7.02

As-Received LHVkJ/kg

Emissions Standards
Particulate matter: 100mg/Nm3 SO2: 450mg/Nm3 NOx: Vdaf 20% 450 mg/Nm3 10%Vdaf 20% 650 mg/Nm3 Vdaf 10% 1100 mg/Nm3

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Thermodynamic Performance

Su power suppl y ef f i ci ency( % ) bcr Su Sub iti -c bca r it cr lP ica iti C ca lP lP C+ C+ FG FG D D+ SN CR SC SC PC SC PC PC+ F +F GD GD +S NC US R C US US PC C C PC PC +F +F GD GD IG CC +S N (M CR ul IG t CC i-N C oz (d zle FB ry ga co si al p u fier ) lv er iz ed )

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

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St andar d coal consum i on r at e( g/ kW pt h)

Su

270

280

290

300

310

320

330

bc rit ic al PC

Su Su bc rit ic al PC +F G D +S N CR PC +F G D bcr iti ca l

SC PC SC SC PC +F G D +S N CR PC +F G D

U SC PC U SC PC + FG D U SC PC +F G D +S N

CR

IG

CC

(M

ul ti IG CC

-N

CF B oz zl (d ry eg as ifi co al p ul ve riz

er )

Thermodynamic Performance

ed )

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SO Em ssi ons( g/ kW 2 i h) 0. 000 0. 500 1. 000 1. 500 2. 000 2. 500

Su bc rit ic al PC Su bc Su bcr iti c al PC +F G D +S N CR lP C+ FG D rit i ca

SC PC SC SC PC +F G D +S N CR U SC PC U SC U SC PC + PC +F G PC +F G D

FG D D +S N CR

IG CC

(M ul ti IG CC

-N oz z (d ry

CF B le ga sif ie r) co al pu lv er iz

Environmental Performance

ed )

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SO Em ssi ons( m N 3) 2 i g/ m 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Su

bc rit i ca lP C

Su bc Su bc rit i ca lP C+ F G D +S N CR D rit i ca lP C+ FG

SC PC SC SC PC +F G D +S N CR D PC +F G

U SC PC U SC PC U SC PC + +F FG D

D +S

N IG

CR CC

(M

ul ti IG CC

-N

CF B oz zl (d ry eg co al

as ifi e pu lv

r) er iz ed )

Environmental Performance

Standard

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NOx Emissions (g/kWh) 0.000 0.200 0.400 0.600 0.800 1.000 1.200 1.400 1.600
Su bcr iti ca iti ca l PC +F G D +S N CR lP C

Su Su bcr iti ca l PC +F G D bcr

SC PC SC SC PC +F G D +S N CR SC PC PC +F G D

U U SC U SC PC +F G

PC +F G D D +S N

CR IG CC (M IG

ul tiN CC (d ry

CF B oz zl eg as ifi

Environmental Performance

er ) co al pu lv er iz ed )

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NOx Emissions (mg/Nm3)

Su
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 50 0

Su Su bcr it ic al PC +F G D ic al PC +F G D +S N CR bcr it C

bcr it ic al P

SC PC SC SC PC +F G D +S N CR G D PC +F

U SC PC U SC U SC

PC + PC +F G

FG D D +S N

CR IG (M CF ul tiB N oz zl IG eg CC as ifi (d ry er ) co al pu lv er iz ed ) CC

Environmental Performance
Standard

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Particulate Matter Emissions (g/kWh) 0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100 0.120 0.140 0.160 0.180 0.200
Su ic Su al bPC cr iti Su ca blP cr C+ iti ca FG lP D C+ FG D +S N CR SC PC SC SC FG D PC +F G D +S N CR U SC U SC U SC PC + PC + bcr it

PC

FG D PC +F G D +S N CR IG CC (M

Environmental Performance

CF ul tiB N oz zl IG eg CC as (d ifi ry er ) co al pu lv er iz ed )

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CO2 Emissions(kg/kWh) 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 0
PC Su bcr iti ca l iti ca l PC +F G D D +S N CR

Su bcr it ic al PC +F G

Su bcr

SC PC SC SC PC +F G D +S N CR PC +F G D

U SC U SC U SC PC PC +F G D PC +F G D IG +S N CC

CR (M ul ti

Environmental Performance

CF B -N oz zl IG eg CC as ifi (d ry er ) co al pu lv er iz ed )

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Economic Assessment
Formation and Analysis System for Investment Project Feasibility Study is used to calculate total plant investment and COE The system was developed based on the guidelines on investment project feasibility study issued by NDRC in 2002

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capital cost (RMB Yuan/kW) 10000

Su
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

b0

cr iti ca lP C

Su Su bcr iti ca lP C+ FG D +S N CR GD +F PC ic al bcr it

SC PC SC SC PC +F G D +S N CR G D PC +F

US C PC US C PC +F D U SC PC + FG GD +S NC R IG CC (M IG

ul CC

tiN (d r

CF oz y zl co eg al as pu

ifi e lv er

r) iz

Economic Assessment (cont.)

ed

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Plan for Next Steps

Scenario design
Chinas own prediction for mid-term power demand Efficiency improvement goals Emission reduction goals

Costs and benefits (efficiency improvement and emission reductions) of different scenarios Policies for realizing a certain scenario
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