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Session#6

AMR Session 06: SPSS Activities

2011PGP558

In a pretest, data were obtained from 20 respondents on preferences for sneakers on a 7- point scale, 1 = not preferred, 7 = greatly preferred (v1). The respondents also provided their evaluation of the sneakers on comfort (V2), style(v3), and durability (V4), also on 7- point scales, 1= poor and 7 = excellent.
1. Calculate the simple correlation between V1 and V4 and interpret the results.

Correlations Preference for Sneakers Preference for Sneakers Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Durability Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N *. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). 20 .559
*

Durabilit y .559
*

.010 20 1

.010 20 20

Here the Pearsons coefficient r is 0.559, which means there is positive correlation and since significance is 0.01<0.05, so it significant as well 2. Run a bivariate regression with preference for sneakers (V1) as the dependent variable and evaluation on comfort (v2) as the independent variable. Interpret the result.
Model Summary Model R
a

R Square

Adjusted R Square .291

Std. Error of the Estimate 1.599

.573

.328

a. Predictors: (Constant), Comfort b. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers

From above table we can see that value of R2 is 0.328 which means 32.8% of the variation in preference for Sneakers can be explained by Comfort, but value of adjusted R2 is 0.291, hence it is actually around 29.1%

Session#6

AMR

2011PGP558

ANOVA Model Sum of Squares 1 Regression Residual Total 22.516 46.034 68.550 1 18 19 df Mean Square 22.516 2.557 8.804 .008
b

Sig.

a. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers b. Predictors: (Constant), Comfort

From above table we can see that significance of f-test is 0.008, which means that there is very little chance that the observed correlation between one or more of the independent variables and the dependent variable is solely due to random sampling error

Coefficients Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients B 1 (Constant) Comfort .028 .921 Std. Error 1.337 .310 .573 Beta .021 2.967 .983 .008 t Sig.

a. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers

From above table we can see that unstandardized constant is 0.028, shows what the model would predict if all of the independent variables were zero i.e. if comfort is zero. It would be expected to have a preference of 0.028 on the 7 point scale. The other unstandardized coefficient for Comfort is 0.921. Every one unit increase in Comfort would be associated with an increase of 0.921 in Preference. The Significance statistic of .008 shows that Comfort would partially correlate with Preference.

Session#6

AMR

2011PGP558

3. Run a bivariate regression with preference for sneakers (V1) as the dependent variable and evaluation on style (V3) as the independent variable. Interpret the results.
Model Summary Mod el 1 .642
a

R Square .412

Adjusted R Square .380

Std. Error of the Estimate 1.496

a. Predictors: (Constant), Style

Session#6

AMR

2011PGP558

ANOVA Model Sum of Squares 1 Regression Residual Total 28.272 40.278 68.550 1 18 19 df Mean Square 28.272 2.238 12.634 .002
b

Sig.

a. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers b. Predictors: (Constant), Style

Coefficients Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients B 1 (Constant ) Style .739 .208 .642 3.554 .002 1.078 Std. Error .848 Beta 1.271 .220 t Sig.

a. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers

Session#6

AMR

2011PGP558

4. Run a Bivariate regression with preference for sneakers (v1) as the dependent variable and evaluation on durability (V4) as the independent variable. Interpret the results.

Model Summary Mod el 1 .559


a

R Square .312

Adjusted R Square .274

Std. Error of the Estimate 1.619

a. Predictors: (Constant), Durability b. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers

ANOVA Model Sum of Squares 1 Regression Residual Total 21.390 47.160 68.550 1 18 19 df Mean Square 21.390 2.620 8.164 .010
b

Sig.

a. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers b. Predictors: (Constant), Durability

Coefficients Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized t Sig.

Session#6

AMR

2011PGP558

Coefficients B 1 (Constant ) Durability .598 .209 .559 2.857 .010 1.307 Std. Error .961 Beta 1.361 .190

a. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers

5. Run a multiple regression with preference for sneakers (V1) as the dependent variable and V2 to V4 as the independent variables. Interpret the result. Compare the coefficients for V2, V3, and V4 obtained in the bivariate and the multiple regressions.

Session#6

AMR

2011PGP558

Model Summary Mod el 1 .741


a

R Square .548

Adjusted R Square .464

Std. Error of the Estimate 1.391

a. Predictors: (Constant), Style, Durability, Comfort b. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers

ANOVA Model Sum of Squares 1 Regression Residual Total 37.599 30.951 68.550 3 16 19 df Mean Square 12.533 1.934 6.479 .004
b

Sig.

a. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers b. Predictors: (Constant), Style, Durability, Comfort

Coefficients Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients B 1 (Constant ) Durability Comfort Style .336 .258 .504 .214 .360 .234 .313 .161 .438 1.571 .717 2.152 .136 .484 .047 -.539 Std. Error 1.183 Beta -.455 .655 t Sig.

a. Dependent Variable: Preference for Sneakers

Session#6

AMR

2011PGP558

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