Model Question Paper of Science Xii of Bihar State Board

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MODEL PAPER
d{kkXII
thofoKku (BIOLOGY)
=n | - ln- (~l-l+-| ] [ || +
Time : 3 Hrs. + 15 Minute (Extra)] [Total Marks : 70
=|n|- l-< z| (General Instructions) :
z =|i z- ~l-| t (All Questions are compulsory)
z n- --| + ln( l+=i -t +i +|-i -ti t|i (There is No negative marking for any wrong answer.)
z z-| <| || n t (Questions are in two sections)
[k.M& I (SECTION-I)
oLrq fu"B iz 'u (Objective)
+ n ~ + (Total Marks) :
+ n z-| +i = | (Total No. of Questions) :
[k.M& II (SECTION-II)
xS j&oLrq fu"B iz 'u (Non-Objective)
+ n ~ + (Total Marks) ::
n| --|i z- (Short Answer type) ( + : ~ +|
<i| --|i z- (Long Answer type) : ( + ~ +|
:. + <i| --|i z-| n ~| -l+ l+- |i l<( ( t ~| = z-| n -n l+-| n = l+=i (+ z- +|
ti --| <
(There are internal options is some of the long answer type questions. In such questions you have to answer
any one of the alternative.)
. ||=| =|i z-| +| --| ~-i ti |||| n <
(Answer should be in your own language.)
. i-|| + <| |- +n+ n =lt- l+=i |i -t +| :n +| l-+ = | (|| n| |:n, :|l<| +| | = || l - t
(No electronic gadgets like calculator, call phone, pager are allowed during exam.)
. -l-a vz-| +| --| l<( ( ~| (n ~| =i n -+- l+- +| -in | +|n - = i -t | + <
(-<|t| + ln( l< --| (c) t| -| -in | +|n - = ( = l-l;- +
(The answer of objective type question is to be given on supplied OMR sheet by completely darking the
appropriate answer option. For exmple if answer is (c) the you should fill it as shown by blue/black pen.
(a) (b) (Q) (d)
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1. Name (in BLOCK letters) / -|n (| + ~-| n|
2. Date of Exam / i-|| +i l-l|
3. Subject / l|
4. Name of the Exam Centre / i-|| +-: +| -|n
5. Full Signature of Candidate / i-|||i +| | t-|-|
6. Invigilator's Signature / l-i-|+ +| t-|-|
OMR ANSWER SHEET OMR --| |
i-|| :
OMR NO.
Instructions :
1. All entries should be confined to the area provided.
2. In the OMR Answer Sheet the Question Nos. progress
from top to bottom.
3. For marking answers, use BLACK/BLUE BALL POINT
PEN ONLY.
4. Mark your Roll No. Roll Code No. Name of Exam. Centre
in the boxes/space provided in the OMR Answer Sheet.
5. Fill in your Name, Signature, Subject, Date of Exam, in
the space provided in the OMR Answer Sheet.
6. Mark your Answer by darkening the CIRCLE completely,
like this.
Correct Method Wrong Methods
A B C D A C D
A C D
A C D
7. Do not fold or make any stray marks in the OMR Answer
Sheet.
8. If you do not follow the instructions given above, it may be
difficult to evaluate the Answer Sheet. Any resultant loss
on the above account i.e. not following the instructions
completely shall be of the candidates only.
l-< z|
1. =|i vll| l< ||- -+ ti =iln- |
2. OMR --| | n vz- =| +nz| - = -i- +i ~| <i : t
3. --| +n +|n /-in |n -|: - ,|| l-l;- +
4. ~-| |n - |n +| -, i-|| +-: +| -|n OMR --| | =
l-l< ||ni/||-| n / ln|
5. OMR --| | n l-|l- ||- ~-| -|n, t-|-|, l| i-||
+| l<-|+ +i l- +
6. ~- --| + | +| | = v|c +- t( l-l;- +
=ti ll n- ll|
A B C D A C D
A C D
A C D
7. OMR --| | +| - n| ~|| -= t|-t| l-; - n|(
8. - l< l-< z|| +| |n- - l+( |- +i l|l- n --| || +|
n-|+- +-| +la- t|| (= n --i +i <l = l+=i |i v+|
+i -|l- +| l-n<| +n i-|||i t| |
For answering darken the circles given below / --| + ln( -i- ~l+- | +| v|c +
7. Roll Code/ |n +|
b b b b
c c c c
d d d d
e e e e
f f f f
g g g g
h h h h
i i i i
k k k k
7. Roll Code/ |n +|
b b b b
c c c c
d d d d
e e e e
f f f f
g g g g
h h h h
i i i i
k k k k
1. A B C D
2. A B C D
3. A B C D
4. A B C D
5. A B C D
6. A B C D
7. A B C D
8. A B C D
9. A B C D
10. A B C D
11. A B C D
12. A B C D
13. A B C D
14. A B C D
15. A B C D
16. A B C D
17. A B C D
18. A B C D
19. A B C D
20. A B C D
21. A B C D
22. A B C D
23. A B C D
24. A B C D
25. A B C D
26. A B C D
27. A B C D
28. A B C D
29 I. A B C D
II. A B C D
III. A B C D
IV. A B C D
30 I. A B C D
II. A B C D
III. A B C D
BIHAR SCHOOL EXAMINATION BOARD
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MODEL SET (iz k:i i=k)I
SECTION([k.M)I
OBJECTI VE (oLrq fu"B|
Time : 1 Hrs. + 10 Min (Extra)] [ Full Marks : 28
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
I. vz- = | = -+ + z-| n -| l+- l<( ( t , l-n = (+ =ti t =ti l+- +| - -| +
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
In following Questions Q. No.1 to 10 there are only one correct answer. You have to choose that
correct answer.
1. GM | =t|+ t` (GM Plants are useful in)
(A) =n-|< c|- n (increasing crop yield )
(B) | l-|i | | + -|<- c|- n (producing disease resistant plants)
(C) =||l-|i | | +| -|<- c|- n (increasing dronght resistant plants)
(D) :-n =|i (all of these)
2. |+ l-+ --| ,|| |l|| + l+|= +| l=z|- -|l- l+| |`
The theory of Origin of Species by natural selection was proposed by
(A) -|-= |l- ,|| (Charles Darwin) (B) n|n|+ ,|| (Lamarck)
(C) ~- t+n ,|| (Ernst Hacckel) (D) n|-|= ,|| (Malthus)
3. DNA +| +|- n tt| l+( |- |n| (+ (|:n t ` (An enzyme used to cut DNA)
(A) l+- (Pectinase) (B) n|: (Ligase)
(C) l-- (|-l+n( (Restriction endonuclease) (D) n|:=||:n (Lysozyme)
4. -i- <z||( ( (+ ~|t| | |n| n || +| ||- +| t`
What is the position of a tiger in a food cha in shown below ?
||= lt| || (Grass Deer Tiger)
(A) -|<+ (Producer) (B) ||ln+ -||+-| (Primary Consumer)
(C) l,-i+ -||+-| (Secondary Consumer) (D) ~|-+-| (Decomposer)
5. DNA l-lnl+| + ln( - t|-i t` (Replcation of DNA needs)
(A) DNA n|: +i (DNA Ligase)
(B) DNA | lnn +i (DNA Ploymerase)
(C) DNA | lnn -|| DNA n|: +i (DNA Polymerase and DNA Ligase)
(D) |=n|+ -|| RNA | lnn +i (Translocase and RNA Polymerase)
6. <| | i -|- l|- t` (Dudhwa National Park is situated in |
(A) ~=n (Assam) (B) --| <z| (U.P.)
(C) |- (Gujarat) (D) lz-n |n (West Bengal)
7. n| + i ll-- t` (Seeds of fruits are transformed)
(A) <n + (Corolla) (B) l-+| + (style)
(C) ~|z| l|l-| + (wall of avary) (D) i| + (ovule)
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8. l---lnl|- n +| - ~ + t ` (Which one of the following is oviparous?)
(A) i |< (Flowering plants) (B) |l|n (Crocodile)
(C) |i (Woman) (D) < (Monkey)
9. ~l-< --+ +| += +tn|-| t` (Cancer of epithelial tissue is called |
(A) ln-|n| (Lymphona) (B) n|:|=| (Liposa)
(C) - + ln| (Leukaemia) (D) +|l=-|n| (Carinoma)
10. l---lnl|- n +|- |- + |-| n -+ +i ||l- +| +-| t`
Which are of the following works as biofertilizer in Paddy field ?
(A) -intl- z| |n (blue-grane algae) (B) i (yeast)
(C) |: (funge) (D) +i i+ (insect pest)
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
In each question from Q. No. 11 to 15 two statements (Statement I and Statement II) are given
choice the correct option for each question out of options (a), (b), (c) and (d) on the basis of given
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
If both the statements are true and statement Ii is the correct explanation of statement I.
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
If both the statements are true and statement II is not the correct explanation of statement I.
(c| ~ +|- I =ti ~| +|- II n- t (If statement I is true and statemejnt Ii is talse.)
(d| ~ +|- I n- ~| +|- II =ti t (If statement I is false and statement II is true.)
11. +|- (Statement)I : ~in (+ -z|ini <| t (Opium is a narcotic drug.)
+|- (Statement)II : ~in | =|--in | = |-- t|-| t (Opium is obtained from a plant Papaver
sominiferum.)
12. +|- (Statement)I : ||l+i + -| = -| +i : :-=ln- nnln- +tn|-| t ( Insulin produced by
the application of biotechnology is known as humulin.)
+|- (Statement)II : :-=ln- t| n|- +| (+ +| t (Insulin is a type of hormone.)
13. +|- (Statement)I : ~|l+ |-l+= -|i ( --|i + i- (+ |+ +i t (Archacopteryx is a
connecting link between-birds and mammals.)
+|- (Statement)II : ~|l+|-l+= (+ ln-- -|i t (Archaeopteryx is an extinct bird.)
14. +|- (Statement)I : t | -|<+ +tn|- t (Green plants are known as producers.)
+|- (Statement)II : t | +|z| -| +| |=|l-+ -| n <n- t (They convert light energy into
chemical energy.)
15. +|- (Statement)I : - n+ (+| +|lz|+|( t (Male gametes are haploid cells)
+|- (Statement)II : - n+ n +| n| =| n +i = | n t| -i t (Male gametes have n number of chromo somes.)
III. vz- = | = -+ + vz-| + -| l+- l<( ( t ` l=n (+ = ~l+ --| =ti t =ti l+-
+| - -| +
Q. No.16 to 18 is for right have more than one correct answer. Select the correct answer to each
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. -= |l- || + ln( ~-|i |- |ni =l +n ll| t ` (Surgical methods adopted for population control are)
(A) | -=<i (Vasectomy) (B) |i -=<i (tubeclomy)
(C) MTP (D) +|n (Condom)
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17. |i- =zn|| +i ll n =l-nln- t` (Method of protein synthesis involves)
(A) -ni+z|- (Replication) (B) |=l+-z|- (Tanscription)
(C) |=n|+z|- (Translocation) (D) l,|- (Duplication)
18. l---lnl|- n = +|- z||n- n =l-nln- t`
Which one of the following is included in animal husbandry?
(A) nn+|i|n- (Bee keeping) (B) +++|n- (Poultry farming)
(C) n+i (Fish farming) (D) +|l-+ |-i (Organic farming)
IV. vz- = | = :: -+ + <| --|-II = =ti l+- - -+ --|-I + =|| z|<| +| =ti lnn|- +
Q. No. 19 to 22 are of 2 column matching type. Match correctly. 4 1 = 4
+| nn (Column)I +| nn (Column)II
19. | n ni -|- (Global warming)` (A) t|:l|n| ||l+i (Hybridoma technology)
20. n|-|+n|-n (i| i (Monoclonal antibodies) (B) +il| ~| |: (Bacteria and Fungi)
21. +n|:|l= (Clitoris) (C) CO
2
22. (i||l+= (Antibiotics) (D) lz|z- + =n|- (Homologons to penis)
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
Q. No. 23 to 25 are comprehensive type. Read carefully the passage and select one correct of given
four questions. 3 2 = 6
:= i |( |- |n =n- i -- ,|| ti ~-i =---| -|( t( t -- l+| ,|| i =n|- =-l-
+| = - +- t nl+-, l<|- n (+=n|- t| - t ( |i l+=i-l+=i n (+ <= = l|-- t|- t ti ll|---|
+tn-| t =| l+ ~| -- t , i| +i +|lz|+|~| n +< + |( |- t +< + + |i- DNA ( |i- = l-ln-
+| n|=| n t- t ti +| n|=| n ~|- lz|+ || + |t+ t|- t | -+ (n|-|l-|| = =-l- n |- t
All the organisms found on the earth maintain their continuity by reproduction. By the proces of repro-
duction organisms produce same offsprings. Although the offsprings are similar in appearance. They differ
from each other at least in some characters. This is called variation. As you know in all organisms nucleus are
found in the cells Nucleus contains chromosomes made up of DNA and protect. These chromosomes are the
carrier of hereditary characters, which pass from parents to offsprings.
23. l---lnl|- n = +|- ~|-lz|+ || +| |t+ t` (Which one of the following is the carrier of heredilary
characters ?)
(A) +| n|=| n (Chromosome) (B) n|:|+| l | (Mitochondria)
(C) -l+n|n= (Nucleous) (D) |i- ~| (Protein molecule)
24. (+ ti n|-|l-| = --- =n|- =-l-| n |i |- |ni l|---| +tn|-| t`
The differences found in the similar aftsprings reproduced by common parents are called
(A) l+|= (Evolntion) (B) ll|---| (Variation)
(C) -z|- (Mutation) (D) =n|- --|( (homologous structures)
25. l+= +n ,|| + i ~-i =---| -|( |-| t`
By which phenomenon each organism maintains its continuity ?
(A) l+|= (Evolution) (B) ~|-lz|+-| (Heredity)
(C) -- (Reproduction) (D) ll|---| (Variation)
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SECTION([k.M)II
NON-OBJECTI VE ( oLrq fu"B|
Time : 2 Hrs. + 5 Min (Extra) Total Marks : 42
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
n| --|i vz- (SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS)
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
Q. No. 1 to 11 are short answer typs questions. Each questioni carries 3 marks. 11 2 = 22
1. | | n || + -i- n|| ( -i- t|l-| +| |- +
(Describe three advantages and three disavantages of cross-pollination in plants )
2. n|- ~|z| (+ =l-|-- l-|i ln|
(Write a short notes on human ovary.)
3. nn + |++| | l=|- + l-n +| t ` =nn|(`
(What is Mendel's law of segregation? Explain)
4. (i||l+= +| t` (What are antibiotics ?)
5. --+ =- = ~| +| =nn- t`
(What do you mean by tissue onlture?)
6. iz|i ( ~||<i n ~- -|(
(Describe the difference between species and population.)
7. |ll|l-+ -| n -|<+ +i +| |ln+| t`
(What is the role of producer is an ecosystem?)
8. |||n = ||=<i + l| n ~| +| |-- t`
(What do you know about Bhopal gas tragedy?)
. n|- -n|= -| +| tin| +|ln -n -| +| +t- t ` (+ t|n| - +| -|n -| | -- + -n +| ~|=|- -|- + ln(
:== =|l- t|-| t
Why is human placenta referred to as haemochorial type ?
Name the harmone it secretes to facilitate parturition.
. |-|i ( ii n +| ~- t`
Write down the differences between predators & parasites
. +=+|+ +| t ` <| |=|l-+ +=+|+| + -|n ln|
Carcinogens are agents that tend to favour cancer development or produces cancer. They can be physical
irritants, chemical agents, radiations, or biological agents.
Two chemical carcinogens are-
(i) Cigarette smoke (N-nitrosodimenthylene) affect lungs.
(ii) Mustard gas also affects lungs.
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<i| --|i vz- (LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS)
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
Q. No. 12 to 15 are of long answer questions. Each question carries 5 marks.
12. n|- n ln l-| | +| |- + (Describe sex-determination in human being.)
Or,
nn|l+ -n +| || < (Give an account of Lamarckism.)
13. DNA +i =--| +| |- + (Describe the structure of DNA.)
14. nn+|i |n- + ll +| |- + :=+| +| nt t`
Describe the method of bee keeping. What are its importance ?
15. n <|| +| t` n<|| + ||| +| |- + n<|| + l-|| + ln( +| l+| |-| -|lt(`
What is water pollution? Describe the effects of water pollution. What measures should be adopted to check
the water pollution.
ANSWERS (mkj) )
SECTI ON ([k.M)I :OBJECTI VE (oLrq fu"B 'u )
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (c)
6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (a)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (a)
16. (a, b, c) 17. (a, b) 18. (a, b, c) 19. (c) 20. (a)
21. (d) 22. (b) 23. (a) 24. (b) 25. (c)
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SECTION([k.M)II
NON-OBJECTI VE (xS j&oLrq fu"B)
n| --|i vz-| -| (SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS)
1. || + -i- n||
(+| := ll n <| ~n~n z||- +n (hereditary Character) +| nn t|-| t l== --- =-|- + ~l+ |
t|- +i =||-| t-i t
(|| := ll = || +i -: l+n <| +i | =+-i t
(| := ll = --- i ~l+ i--|n (Viable) t|- t
|| = t| - |ni -i- t|l-| t
(+| =n || +i ~l-lz---| -i t-i t
(|| ~-+ || | -n |- t
(| :== |-- i lnl>- || |n t|- t
Advantages of cross pollination
(A) It overcomes self-sterility. (B) It eliminates defective tracts
(C) It introduces variations due to genetic recembination.
(D) The offsprings are better adapted to changes in environment.
Disadvantage.
(A) It is highly wasteful process.
(B) There is always a chance factor for it.
(C) Good characters can be diluted and undesirable characters will enter in the progeny.
2. + |i n (+ || ~|z| t|-| t -<t| + l--n || n l|- t|- t + ~|z| (+ ~|+| --|
t|-i t + ~|z| n| 3cm n| -|| 1.5 cm -| | t|-| t ~|z| + |i- ~-- ,|| ~||~| +| l-n| | t|-|
t + ~|z| =|i --+ + - (+ - = ~-|l<- t|-| t t - l-+| (-ll-| +tn|-| t := - + -i-
--(l|ilnn +i +|lz|+|~| = ~|| l+l=- t|- t ~|z| +| ~|-l+ || --~| -|| =|i --+ +| -|
t|-| t l= |n| +t- t -- (i|ilnn l||l- t|+ +i +: + l-n| | +-i t :== (+ +|lz|+| i t|+
~+|lz|+| (oocyte) -|-i t :-= l ||ln+ +, l,-i+ +, t l+ + +| |i +t- t
There is a pair of ovaries in jemales situated in the lower abdomen. Each ovary in 3 cm long and 1.5 cm wide.
Ovum is produced inside ovary by oogeneses Ovary in lined with a layer of connective tissue called tunica albuginea.
There is a germinal epithelium layer beneath it. Stroma is made of connective tissue & fibres present in cavity of
ovary, germinal epithelial cells form follicles by repeated division. One of its cell enlarge to form oocyte. It makes
primary, secondary and graafian follicle later on. The mature follicle is called gaafian follicl.
. n n - ~- | | + ln( i- n -- |n =||| n + | | +| -- l+| --t| - ~- | n li-
n-|||n | = n -|| |- || l-| l+| ~- | = nn - l-+| l-+|n| +i ~||i | (recessive trait)
= | -| - n - -| +|: <n| ~|-| t ~| - ti (=| | n-- t|-| t =+ (hybrid) -n +i ic i n |+, ~||-
~n~n t| |- t t l-+| nn +| |++| +| l-n +tn|-| t
Mendel selected garden pea for his experiment. He experimented upon long and dwarf pea-plants and
concluded that recessive trait i.e. dwarfness do not change or is lost. It remain in the hybrid unit the dominant trait. It
reappears separats in the next generation. It is Mendel's law of regregation.
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4. =-ni||~| ,|| -|( ( |=|l-+ <|| t :-+| | i||~| +i lz +| |+- | --t n|- + ln( l+|
|-| t ||l+i ,|| -|( |-|n + n| (i||l+= -i=ini-, :l||n|:=i l=n||l-, l=|+n|+=|l=-,
l-~|n|:=i- ~|l< t
These are chemical, synthesized by microbes. They are used to check bacterial growth or their elimination.
Some important antibiotics made by bio technology are penicillin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, Neomycin etc.
5. l+=i l-lz-- =- n|n (Culture medium) n | + l+=i || + --+ + =- = -( | --- l+(
|- t , - -= --+ = - +t- t
| + l= || +| =- + ln( | l+| |-| t -= +-|-|+ | (+=-n| (Explant) +t- t (+=-n| ,
|-| | -|i +| +|: (+ || t| =+-| t :-+ ~l-l+- i, | |, | |||, i| +|, i| +||, |+|| |i t| =+-
t (+=-n| +| +-- | +n|+ n | ( || +|nn =|l- (inoculate) + l<| |-| t =|i l+|(
|||lt- +-|| ~|| -n|- +-|| (incnbation chamber) n =-- t|-i -|lt( =|l- +|lz|+|~| +| =nt l||l- t|+
--+| +| (+ =nt -|-| t --+| + := ~= lt- =nt +| +n= (Callus) +t- t
Plant tissue culture is the technique of invitro maintainance & growth of plant cells, tissues or organs on a
suitable artificial culture medium contained in small containers under controlled conditions.
An excised fragment of tissue plant part used for raising a culture in called explant. It can be a part of root,
stem, leaf, seed, embryo, embryosac, ovary, anthers etc. Explant in inoculated in cultur tube with culture medium. It
is done in incubation chamber. These cells divide repcatedly & form a group of tissue. This undifferentiated group of
tissues is called callus.
6. (+ ti +| + (= i| +| | i-l|+ +|| n =t|+ t|- t ~| ~--- (Interbreeding) ,||
~- ti =i =-|-| +i -l-| +- t, |l- | iz|i +tn|- t
l+=i ||= =n ~| -|| n (+ ti +| + iz|i + l| | i| +i +n =| +| ~||<i +t- t = 2003
n ||- +i -=| = (+ l-lz-- =n ( ||- (+ =n<| lz|| +i =| +| -= ||- +i ~||<i +t- t
Species is a bigger aggregation of similar individuals. It is grouping of individuals of one of more population
which resemble one another in all characters besides ability to interbrced frecly. Like human beings present on earth
belong to same species. Homo sapiens. Population is an aggregation of individuals of the same species at the same
time in a particular area or space. e.g. fish in a pond etc.
7. l+=i |i |l|l-+ -| n = i | ||- +| =zn|| + -| +| -|<- +- t -|<+ +tn|- t
=|n|-- t | ti t|- t +|l+ t | ti +|z|=zn|| + ,|| ||- +| l-n| | +- t ~- l+=i |i |ll|l-+
-| +i ~|t| | |n| +i |n +i -|<+ ti t -|<+ + ~-l|l- n +|: |i |ll|l-+ -| |l|- -ti t|
=+-| t
The organisms which synthesize food & produce energy in an ecosystem are called producers. They are
generally green plants as they synthesize food by an ecosystem in always a producer. In absence of producer, no
ecosystem can sustain on itself.
8. 3 l<=- 1984 +i n|l| +| |||n l|l- ln||:n ~|:=|=|:- = =z +i-|z|+ -|- |ni l-- +||:
+-i + +|||- = (+ tini = +| l=| t~| :== -= -|| +i | <l|- t| : := <l|- | + +|| +i
<| t| = -|<| n|| +i =|- t( n t| : t- = n| ~=| ln|l| + lz|+| t| ( t|| n|| +i < l -ni :
n| z|= =l- || = il- t| ( := <|-| +| |||n = ||=<i + -|n = |-| |-| t
It was 3rd Dec. 1984 midnight, when a poisonous gas leaked from union carbide company factory making
methyl isocyanate related pesticides. It polluted the air of that area which caused the death of approx 2000 people
during sleep and many people are suffering from incurable disease. Many lost their eye-sight and respiratory disorder.
This accident is called Bhopal gas tragedy.
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Bio-[ 10 ]
. -n|=-| | | ( n| + i- (+ | t | |||| + <| |- --| t ~| ~||i = + n t t | | +|
l+|= + <| |- =t| <-| t | |i || +|l~| - ( (n -|:= +| -| t|-| t n| + || +| l=~| =ln= +t- t
~- := tin|+|ln -n|=-| +t- t t | | ( n| + +- + i- <||| +| -i l- = ll-n +-| t ~|
~l-=-n- --| +| +|n +-| t
-n|=-| lz|z| -n + =n lnl+=- t|n|- +| =|| +-| t | |l- -ni, ||z| i| ( -i+ l=n|:l== +|
cin| ( n|-| t
Placenta is foetomaternal connective that develops during pregnancy and forms a temporary association betwen
foetal & maternal tissues for supporting the foetus during development. Foetal part is made of chorion & allantois.
Maternal part is called decidua basalis. In the region of contact, the epithelial connective tissue & endothelial lining in
uterine mucosa get discarded so only foetal barriers persist. So it is called as haemochorial placenta. It provides for
rapid exchange of materials between foetal & maternal blood with barriers acting as ultrafilter.
Placenta secretes relaxin hormone at the time of paturitin which relaxes & dilates pubic symphysis, cervix &
vaginal tube.
. i = (|-|i| (Predators) ii (Parasites)
(i) -|| n- |- t | lz|+| +| | =-n- i | t| ~|l>- t|- t
n|+ t| +- t (These are larger & stronger Small or microscopic organisms depending on
animal which kill & consume prey the host.
(ii) lz|+| ~|l>- -ti t|- <= i| ~|> n- t
They do not take shelter on the prey They take shelter on the host.
(iii) l-z|in t|- t -|l+ lz|+| + =+ :-n l+i| - +i +n -|n-| t|-i t
They are mobile to capture the prey They have poor means of dispersal
(iv) l+ ~- z|l+- +n| t|-| t :-n l+ ~ - z|l+- -|<| t| -i t
Biotic potential is low They have higher biotic potential.
(v) lz|+| + l- l-lz-- -ti t|- i| + l- l-lz-- t|- t
They are not specific for the prey They are host specific.
. +=+| = +|+ t | += ll- | <| +- t ||l-+ --|-|+|+, |=|l-+ +|+, ll+| | l+
~l|+-| t| =+- t (Carcinogens are agents that tend to favour cancer development or produces cancer. They can
be physical irritants, chemical agents, radiations, or biological agents.)
<| |=|l-+ +=+|+ t (Two chemical carcinogens are)
. l= +| ~| ((--|: |=||:ln|ini-| | +| ||l- +-| t :. n = |i | +| ||l- +-|
t (i) Cigarette smoke (N-nitrosodimenthylene) affect lungs. (ii) Mustard gas also affects lungs.
<i| --|i vz-| -| (LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS)
12. n|- n ln l-| | +| |- + (Describe sex-determination in human being.)
n- | n - l|n n+i t| - t :-+| |=|i = |- 2 A + XY t|-| t n|<| =nn+i t|-i t l=+| |=|i = |-
2A + XX t|-| t (In human being, male is heterogametic and thus possesses AA & XY while female is homogametic
& has AA and XX.)
- n+ ( ln| <| +| + t|- t (The male gametes produced are of two types.)
A +X ~| A +Y ( ~-|-| n|<| n+ tnz|| A + X t|-| t | +| A + X n+ n|<| + A + X ~ +|
l-|l-- +-| t -| |i <| t|-i t :=+ li- -n+ A + Yn|<| + ~ A + X+| l-|l-- +-| t -| | <| t|-| t
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Bio-[ 11 ]
(One containing A+X & other containing A+Y chromosome (1:1 ratio) whereas female gamete is always A+X. When
male gamete (A+X) fertilizes an egg (A+X), 2A and XX individual is produced which is daughter. On the contrary, if
the A+Y male gamete fertilizes an egg ( A+X), the result is a son-)
AA + XX X AA + XY
Mother Father
gamete A + X egg A + X A + Y sperms.
AA + XX AA + XY
Daughter Son
l-|l-| -- + =n n- | n ln l-| | Fig : Sex determination in human being at the time of fertilization.
Or,
n n|+ |<nn|+ |= +| =l-+, |< n + +n-|i l l-l+=+ ~| ~- n + l-ni || :-t|- l+|= +| |
l=z|- l<| =|i |- --+ l+-| n <i i t l+-| +| -|n tln|i+ n|i+(|
n n|+ +| l=z| ---+ -| l=z|- t
(a) lz +| l=z|-i- +| ~|-l+ n --+ ~|+| +| c|-| t
(b) | | n l- - -|| - ~ | +i -l-|| | n <n| + +|| |l|| n --+i :-| = - ~ | +i -l-| t| -i t
(c) ~| +| -| | <|~| +| l+|= -| = t|-| t -|| --+| - t|-| <| =
+ -<|t|| = t |- =nn n ~| |-i t
. =| n +| - t| |-| :. l-i nln| n ~| || +| (+ - t| |-|
. <| + +|| ~z||i ~| +| l+|=
:. l| n l-|| -+ t -- + ln( < -| +| n| t| -|
(d) |-- n-||| +i z||l-| n-|| -| + +|| ~|- t ~ni ici n =-l- + l< |- t
l| (i) -n - t| +|- +| | l= ln - - l+| || t| +i ~- l|l- ~ni ic i n -ti | =+i
(ii) +| - +| =-| -ti t|-|
(iii) -i-i ~| -| + ,|| n|t +| -| t--| -|l+ || t| =+
(iv) =i~-i- ~| n + l|n ~l-|-+-- ~ni ici -+ -ti | =+i
|ll--n + l=z|- = l| +| n| <- =nn| | =+-| t n <- +| -l-- |<| t, ~- i|i | <-
|n l| | t|
=t| t- =| | l+ nl+- := |-| =ti -ti +t| | =+-|
(a) n +| n - -t| |n|n | | l+| ~| || l+ =i| ~ni ici n =-l- t| ti t ~ ~| -=+
=t|l| - :=+| |- l+|
(b) =n- - -t + n | -|i | +| | l+| -|+n n +|lz|+|~| +| |i ||l- +-| t ~- t
l-n +| ~-| -<|t| -ti t
(c) + n - =|nn - n | +| | l+| n l+- -=- -|:-||ti +| | ~- |-| +| +- + ln( l+|
(d) : -|| n|:|- -t| n n-= + -|| ~| +| lz|| <- + l<| ~| =|n|- n|<| -t| + =|| :=+| --
+|| ( =| n|-| | l+ n -= +| l-- l--|i -|| | l+ i.(-.(. = l-+| + ~ |- <| l+| ~| (- ( = i.(-.(. +|
--| l= | =+i (-|:n = = | t ~ | i- = ~| (- ( +| l-n| | = | t ~| -| ( =| t| -| =- t| =+-| t
l= | =l+- l--|i (|i-|~|.(-.(. i (- (
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Bio-[ 12 ]
Lamarck was French Soldier turned Bank Employee turned Medical practitioner turned Naturalist and is
known for complete theory of evolution. He discussed this in his important publication - Philosophic Zoologique (1809)
Postulates of Lamarck : There are 4 postulates
(a) Growth Principle :- Internal forces of life tend to increase size of the organism.
(b) Change in environment and formation of organTo fulfil new demands created by
environmental change individuals develop new organs at their will.
(c) Use and disuse of organ :- Organs develop by use and atrophy by disuse.
This is supported by following examples :
(i) LOSS of limbs in snakes..
(ii) Both eyes single-sided in flat-fish.
(iii) Vestigeal organs in animals due to disuse.
(iv) Lengthening of neck in Giraffe to reach to the leaves of tall plants.
(d) Inheritance of Acquired character :- Characters developed by use (acquired character) are transmit-
ted to next generation.
OBJECTIONS :
(i) Mutilation experiments by Weismann in which loss of tail in white rats is not transmitted,
(ii) Boring of ear not transmitted.
(iii) Wearing of Iron shoes by Chinese women to shorten their feet.
(iv) Artificial parthenogenesis in sea urchin eggs are not followed in later generation
(v) Inheritance of all characters mentioned in use & disuse can be explained scientifically on the basis of
Darwinism. Neck of Giraffe was lengthened because populations with long-neck had selective advantage over those
who had no long-necks Thus gradually long-necked Giraffe replaced short-necked Giraffe.
SupportMany experiments have been conducted but none is upto the mark.
(a) McDougall conducted experiment on maze-leaming in rats and found that learning is transmitted. It has
been contradicted by Agar et. al.
(b ) Sumner conducted experiment on thermal induction of long tails in rats. Temper ature effects germ cells
also hence it is not an example of the law.
(c) Kammerer conducted experiment on pigmentation in Salamanders but he used china-ink to prove his points.
(d) Lysenko conducted experiment on wheat cultivation in Russia and damaged us economy.
(e) Guyer & Smyth punctured vessels around lens in male rats and bred it with normal female rats. Many of
the progeny were blind. It is claimed that the lens antigen induced antibody formation which reacted with its respec-
tive DNA to bring about blindness-RNA to DNA is possible through reverse transcriptase. If protein to RNA be-
comes true this can happen .
13. DNA +| |=- ( l++n| n (Waston and Cricks Model of DNA):l- -|| (Erwin Chargaff) -||
||ln +ln- (Rosalind Franklin) n| l= ll-+-= (Morris Wilkins) ,| (+l|- -| + ~|| -= |=-
(James Watson), |l== l++ (Francis Crick) ~| lnl+-= (Wilkins) - =- 1953 n DNA ~| +i =--| +| l|ln
n| n (three-dimensional model) -- l+| :=+ ln( --t =- 1962 n -| n +| |-- t ~| |=- ( l++ ,||
-- DNA +i l,+ln- =--| n ~lnl|- lz||-|( |i
1. DNA ~| <| |ni- l+n~| |: | |n|~| (Polynucleotide chains) +| -| t| -| t | (+ ~-| + -|| ~| =l n|+| +n
(spiral manner) n <l-||- (clockwise) + ln- t| -i t := +| DNA ~| n <| t ln+= (double helix) t| -i t
2. <|-| | ni-l+n~||: | |n| li- l<z|| n +ln- | l-=n|-|-- (antiparallel) t|-i t ~||- :- | |n|~|
+ z|+| | < (sugar phosphate backbone) +i |n+ l<z||( (polarities) l-n| (opposite) t|-i t (+
| ni-l+n~||: | |n| n z|+| + +|- 5 3l<z|| n -|| <=i + 3 5 l<z|| n t|- t
3.+ +ni n ~-+ -l+n~||:n | |n|z t|- t
4. + -l+n~| |: n -|: |-i -||+ i~| +=i|:| (deoxyribose) -|n+ -+|-i z|+| (pent.ose sugar) -||
||l+ ~-n (phosphoric acid) +| (+(+ ~| t|-| t :=n -|: |-i -||+ +| i~| +=i|:| z|+| = ~-< +i ~|
C
1
+|- = -|| | ~| :=+ |t +i ~| C
5
+|- = =n- t| -| t
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Bio-[ 13 ]
5. (+ | |n| + =|i -l+n~||: = + z|+| ~| | ~|~| ,|| t-
t :-+ i- 5 3 |||:( - (Phosphodiester bond) t|- t
6. <|-| +lnl-| (helix) + -l+n~||: = |i ~|= n t- t :-+
-|: |-i -||+| + i- <n (weak) t|: |- - (Hydrogen bond) t|- t
7. DNA +i <|-| -|: |-i | |n|~| n -i- -|| lllni- (Purin and
pyrimidine) +i n||| | t|-i t +|l+ (+ | |n| + -i- -||+ <=i | |n| +
lllni- -||+ = t- t ~||- l< (+ | |n| n (-i- (A) t -| <=i | |n|
n :=+ =-n | ||:ni- (T) t|| ~| =||=i- (C) + =-n| |-i- (G) t|| t
-|| +i ||| A = T, G = C | -i- = lllni- +i l +-| t
8. ( -i- (adenine) ||:ni- (thymine) + i- <| t|: |- - (double
hydrogen bond) -|| =||=i- (cytosine) |-i- (guanine) + i- -i- t|: |-
- (triple hydrogenbond) t|- t
9. DNA +i <|-| | |n|~| + i- 20 t|-| t
10. (+ ti | |n| + l+-ti <| - l+n~| |: n| + i- 3.4 +i < i t| -i t
11. tln+= +| (+ -++ 37 + ~-- | t|-| t ~- + -++ n 10
-l+n~||: |l| t|-i t :=+| ~| t l+ <| -l+n~||: |l| + i- +i <i
3.4 | 0.34 nm t|-i t
12. l,+ln-i (double helix) +i ~|+ l- ( ai t: =ln =ic i (twisted or spiral
staircase) + =n|- t|-i t z|+| | =nt| + |||:( -| + - = -i <|-| | |n|( =ici + |z <|
+ =n|- t|-i t ~| :-+ i- t|: |- -| ,|| <|-| -||+| +i |l| =ici + <| (rungs) + =n|- t|-i t
13. +ni+ | + +|| DNA ~| +i i n-|: n n| ||- (minor gooves) -|| <i| ||- (major grooves) |i
|-i t
14. DNA n z|+| -|| | ~| =n|- ~-|- n t|- t
Structure of DNA. DNA is long double chain on duplex molecule formed of millions of deoxyribonucleotides.
Length of DNA is characteristic of prganism and its chromosomes. Bacteriophage
174 has 5386 nucleotides. Bacteriophage lambda possesses DNA saving all502 base
pairs (bp). Escherichia coil has DNA consisting of 4.6 10 bp. A single genome, con-
sisting of 23 chromosomes, possesses 3.165 10 bp in case of human beings. Single-
stranded DNA molecules occur in some viruses, e.g., coliphage 174.
DNa duples has a diameter of 20. The duplex is cliled plectonemically in a right
handed manner just as a tope stair is twisted to form a spiral. This coiling produces
alternate major (length 22 ) and minor (length 12 ) genoves. Face turn of spiral has a
distance of 34 . This length contains 10 deoxyribonucleoudes in each chain so that the
average distance between adjacent deoxyribonucleotides is 3.4 .
Four types of ..accur in DNAdAMP (deoxyadenoine monophosphate). dGMP
(deoxyguanosine monophosphate), dCMP (deoxycytidine monophosphate) and dtM1
(deoxythymidine monophoa phate) Each de .....is further formed of three components
deoxyribose sugar (C
5
H
10
O
4
), phosphoric acid and nitrogen base. Nitrogen bases differ.
In the four types of deoxynbomcleoudes. Two of them are ...(A0 and gunnine (G). The
remaining two are 6-membered singel ring pyrimidines, cytosine (C) and thymine (T).
Out of the three components of a deoxyribonucleotide, sugar deoxyribose and
phosphorie acid form the back-bone of DNA strand while nitrogen base lies at right
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Bio-[ 14 ]
angles to it. The back-bone is formed of alternate phosphate-sugar-phosphate-sugar-residues. The nitrogen bases
project at right angles to the back-bone from the region of sugar residues. Since there are two strands of DNA, the
nitrogen bases of the two strands come to lie opposite each other and develop hydrogenbonds between.
The Nitrogen bases are attached in ..1 of douxye ...sugar though, a glyousidie bond (CNC) by either their
N-1 (in case of pyrimidine cytosine or thymine) or N-9 (in case of purine adenine or guanine) regions Deoxyribose
sugar is bonded to phosphate radieal of its nucleotide at its carbon 3. A phosphodiester linkage (two ester formations
by same phosphate radical) is ...between sugar rosidues of adjacent nucleotides. In one chain of the DNA duplex the
last deoxyribose of one end has its carbon 5' free while in the other chain the last deoxyribose of this end has its
carbon3' free. The ..of the other and of the doplex is feverse. The direction of nucleoude chain is 5' 3' in one and
3' 5' in the other chain.
Nitrogen bases of the two chains lying opposite to each other are not similar but complementary wwith adenine
of one lying opposite thymine of the other and cytosine of one opposite guanine of the other. The opposite and
complementary nitrogen bases are held together by hydrogen bonds, two between A and T (at positions 13, 64)
and there between C and G (at positions 14, 26 and 62). Two types of forces stabilise the duplex and hold the
two DNA chains together : (i) Hydrogen bonds between the complementary nitrogen bases of the two chains (ii)
Hydropholie internetions between nitrogen bases. The latter are also kept stacked inside the helix whie the polar
groups are kept on the outside in contact with water.
Base Pairing. It is the pairing formed in DNA double helix between purine of one strand and pyrimidine of the
second strand. Base pairing is specifie with adenine lying opposite thymine and cytosine occurring opposite guanine.
A proper base pairing is required for two purposes. (i) The two DNA strands can remain exactly paralled only when
the space between them remains uniform. Presens of two purines as base pair will make the DNA double helix wide
due to bulging out while two pyrimidines as base pair will make the duples non rows (ii) Spase between the two DNA
strands of the duplex is 20. The one available for the two nitrogen bases is about 11. It can accommodate neither
two paurines, nor two pyrimidines. The space is sufficient for one pyriminline and one putine with a small area in
between for forming hydrogen bonds. (iii) Only adenine-thymine and cytosine-guanine base paire have proper apatial
arrangements and configurations to develop hydrogen bonds, two between A and T and three between C and G.
Antiparallel strands. The two strands of DNA duplex are parallel but are oriented in opposite directions. Such
strands are called antiparallel. The 5' end of one strand lies opposite 3' end of the other. In one all and the ...I direction
while in the other strand the nucleotides ,
14. n n+|i|n- (Apiculture) z|t< + ||l+ -|<- t- nnl+|| + |+ |n (mass rearing) +|
n|nl+|| (Apiculture) +t- t ||- n t (+ n| +i -| t
nn+|i +i |l-| (Species of Honey Bees)nn+|i =| ~||| || (Arthropoda) + :-=+| (Insecta) +i
+i t nnl+|| +i + |l-| +| <z| -|| + +| l<z| n |-| |-| t
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Bio-[ 15 ]
(A) < z| |l-| (Indigenous Species)
(i) (l= : l+| (Apis indica) t =|n|-- ||-i n n+|i +tn|-i t t
||- n =|n|- = |i |-i t := ~|=|-i = |n- -|| | =+-| t
(ii) (l= +n| i (Apis florae) t =|n|--| |i nn+|i +tn|-i t t
t- ~|=|-i = |n- -|: | =+-i t l+-- :== -|<- t- +n t|-| t
(iii) (l= | = | (Apis dorsata) := =|n|--| t| i n+|i (rock bee) |
i n+|i (giant bee) +t- t t ~l+ z|t -|<- +- |ni t| -i t l+-- := ~|=|-i = |n- -ti -|| | =+-| t
(B) l< z| |l-| (Exotic Species) :
(l= n ni | (Apis mellifera) t =|n|--| :|ln- n+|i (Italian bee) +tn|-i t |n- |+ l-, --- z|t<
-|<+-|, ~l+ - ~ -|<-, +n n n t- |ni ~| ~l+ =-|| l+| | +- t|- + +|| := |l- +|
~l+ n |-| <i |-i t
nn+|i +i ll|-- - nl+|| nn+|i|n- +| nt (Importance of Apiculture)n n+|i |n- +
l---lnl|- n|| t
1. n n+|i + -|< (Bee Products)nn+|i = l---lnl|- -|< |-- t|- t
(i) z|t< (Honey)t >ln+| ,|| -|l<- nia |< +| (+ |c| -n <|| t | ti- ~|| t |<|ni +|
t|-| t z|t< +| |=|l-+ =a- l--- +| t|-| t
= a- (Constituents) l-z|- (Percentage)
n 17
+| (nn|| 38
n+| 32
=+| 1.3
~- z|+|( 9
~-n 0.17
( z| 0.64
(-|:n, l|ln-, , n| ~|l< 2.92
z|t< ~l+ ||+n|- |n| <|| t :=n ~l+ ~| |i- | | |- t :=+| | ~-+ || ( || <|||
n l+| |-| t
(ii) n n+|i n| n (Bee Wax):=+| | =|-< =|-|, - =, n, | lnz| -|- -|| n|:+||-i n l+| |-| t`
(ii) n n+|i l| (Bee Venom) t ~-+ +| + || =|- -|| ~||||:l= n | l+| |-| t
(iv) | n ni (Royal Jelly)t r< |i ( --| +i lz + ln( | l-+ -|- n l+| |-| t
2. nn+|i (+ =n +i|| +|+ |i t ~- :-+ -|| (hives) +| =n + n n|- t
3. n n+|i |n- = l+=|-| +| ~l-l+- ~|n<-i t| -i t
4. n n+|i |n- n ~l+ >n -ti +-| -| t
z|t< +i ~l+ -|<+-| + ln( -- (Management for High Yields for Honey) n n+|i |n- -- n
=|i -| =l-nln- l+ |- t | nnl+|| - |||, l| -| +-, z|t< +i t| l, - -| +| l-n| | ~|l<
= =-l-- t|- t
1. n n+|i || - (Bee Forage) :=n =|i | =l-nln- t l-= n nl+|| +| | ( n+-< (pollen and
nectar) |-- n||| n |-- t| | =~|n, -|ln, |<|n, :nni, =in, ni-i, =, n~|, l-|, +|=, +|, +| i,
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Bio-[ 16 ]
z|iz|n, ==|, ~n<, -n|, =n|i ~|l< :- | | + | nnl+|| + ln( |i- n+- ~|t| t|- t -|| n+-< z|t<
+| =|+ t|-| t
2. n n+|i +| -|| (Bee Hive)t n+i +| -| <nln| +=| t|-| t l=n <| +-| t|- t l--n -i--| |:
lt= n -- +-| t|-| t l+ - (+-|||: || n z|t< +-| t|-| t <|-| +-|| +| (+<= = |+ l+| | =+-|
t <| -| +-|| + n |-i ~ + (Queen exeluder) n| t-| t t +=| (+ || |-| t l=+ || +|
+|| (bowls) n n |+ || |-| t l== -il| ~| +| - - + =+
l--n || n l|- ~|+| + -- +-| (brood chamber) n -| l|l- n 5 = 10 -| | (frames)
(+< = = 0.96 = ni + ~-- | |- t + n n -|| +i =t|-| = n| ni -||| (combfoundation) n|| |-|
t l=n - | +||i l-z||-| (Hexangonal impressions) +| ~|| -|+ >ln+ -| +| l-n|| +- t -| +i <|-|
l<z||~| n -| |- t
-i || l|- | ~|+| + z|t< +-| (honey chamber) n |i -- +-| +i -t -|| +- -|| ni t-i
t -- :- -||| +i t|: +n t|-i t
-- +-| n | | z| l< t| -| t l=+ ,|| (+ =n n (+ ti n n+|i z| + =+-i t | |t l-+n =+-i t
z|t< +-| +| - = <| ~||| ,|| c+| |-| t ~-< |n ~|| n ~-+ l< t|- t l-+ ,|| - | =-|l-
t|-i t-i t - |n| ~|| l-| | c|n t|-| t | || t|- n ~-< -ti |- <-|
3. n n+|i |n- +| ||- (Location of Apiary) ~l+ -|<- +| |- n |- t( ~-+ l (= ||-
l|- l+ |- t t| |+ l-+ | +i |n| t|-i t ~| -=+ 1 = 2 l+ni + -| | n ~l+ = ~l+ +- t| -
| t|
4. z|t< -- +i +- (Honey Flow Season)z|t< +| -|<- := |- l-| +-| t l+ l |n ||-
l+-- =n + ln( +- | -n t nnl+|| +| n+-< (+| +- + ln( l--| ~l+ =n lnn-| t, z|t<
-|<- ---| ti ~l+ t|-| t | =-- +- n | | n ~-||+ - ~l+ - t|-| t ~- z|t< l-n| | + ln( t ~-|
=n t|-| t
5. |ln (Swarming)t t l+| t l=n |-i |-i n+|i + >ln+| ( |-= + =|| |-i +| n|-i +|
|+ -: +| n|-i -|- + ln( n + =|| l-+n -i t t | -n | =<i || t|- t|-| t ~l+ |ln
+| z|t< -|<- | || t|-| t ~- ~l+ |ln -ti t|- <-i -|lt(
6. z|t< l-+| + (Honey Extractor)t (+ || +| t|-| t l=+ ~-< -+ |ni<| l| n| t-| t l=
n + |t ni (+ -|i ,|| |n|| |-| t n +i <i + ~-< +i ~| -|i t-i t -|| z|t< |t l-+|n- + ln(
(+ |i |i ni t-i t ~-< + |ni<| l n z|t< = | -| +| |+ l| +| |n|| |-| t l== ~+-< i n
+ +|| +-|| = z|t< |t ~|+ |ni = t|-| t~| n n (+l|- t| |-| t
Apiculture or bee keeping is the rearing, care and management of honey bees for obtaining honey and was.
The place were honey bees are reared is called apiary. The workers engaged in bee keeping are called bee keepers,
apiaalsts of aplenltuists.
Four species of Honey Been occur in India. One of them is exotic and is normally grown only in been boses or
artifical hives. It is Apis mellifera (Italian an Fumpean Bee) It vields good quality and quantity of honey Other three
species are Indian. They are A. dorsata (Rock Bee), A. indica (Idian Oriental
Bee) and A. Florea (Little Bee). Honey Bee belongs to family apidae of order
hymenoptera, class insecta. Rock Bee (Apis dorsata) is the largest. It occurs
only in the wild. Apis indica is docile bee which occurs both in the wild as well as
in domesticated state Apis florea (Little Bee) is low viehiling speeies.
Honey Bee is social, colonial and polymorphic insect. It lives in nests called
hives. Hives usually hang down from under surface of tree branches, roof of
eayes balconies and extensions of buildings where they are safe from their chenies.
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A natural hive on nest of Honey Bee consists of a vertical sheet of wax having a number of hexagonal cells on its
sides for rearing young ones (brood cells), storing honey (storage cells), royal chamber and chambers for worker
bees. Honey Bee has three castes or types of bees gravid female in queen, males or drones and workers.
Queen secretes an antiqueen substance or pheromone from its mandibular glands. It inhibits the worker bees to
build any brood chamber for future queen of feed any ... royal jully. Queen receives all the sperms if requires for its
life time duirng nuptial flight. the same are stored in spermatheca. Eggs take about 3 weeks to hatch. At times the
colony overgrows. At this time the queen stops secreting antiqueen substance, so that a new queen can be reared. As
soon as the new queen is ready for its nuptial flight, the old queen along with numerous workers quit the hive. The old
queen and its workers seule down at a safe place and build up a new hive.
An artifical hive or bee box has a brood chamber, 1-2 smaller honey chambers, a lid at the top a a lit like
platform for cait or entry of worker bees at the base and a stand with legs kept in water for protection against ants.
Honey frames are taken out and placed in centrituge the frames are replaced. While taking out honey frames, the bee
keeper must cover every exposed part carefully to avoid possible attack by honey bees.
Bee keeping is quite easy as it does not require much care. Beehives can be kept at one's convenience, even in
courtyard, or verandah or roof. Some specialised knowledge is required which is imparted by agriculture extension
services and several other organisations. It is important to know :
(i) Nature and habits of bees. (ii) A proper location for beehive where bees are not disturbed. (iii) Technique to
catch and hive swarms. (iv) Management requirement for different seasons. (v) Filling of honey frames. (vi) Tech-
nique to extract honey and bees wax.
Economic Importance
1. Honey. It is a near neutral aromatic sweet syrup having 1725% water, 7080% sugars, 3.3% minerals
and vitamins (B
1
, B
6
, C and D). Sugars include laevulose (L-fructose, 41%), glucose (35%), ..........................
(1.9%) and destrini (1.5%)
(i) Honey is a natural sweetener.
(ii) It is laxative, expectorant and blood purifier.
(iii) Honey is a tonic and immediate source of energy. It is good for children and convalescing persons.
(iv) It is used in preparation of honey biscuits and honey bread.
2. Bees Wax. It is secretion of worker bees from their wax glands. Bees wax is used in cosmetics, creams,
ointments, paints and polishes. Candles are only occasionally produced because bees wax tends to crack in cold. The
candles are, however, smokeless.
3. Bee Venom. Venom from sting is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
4. Propolis. It is resin derived from plants (axillary buds). Propolis has antiseptic and antibiotic properties.
5. Pollination. The biggest u se of Honey Bee is that it is the major pollinator of many crop plants, e.g.,
Sunflower, Brassica, Apple, Pear. Keeping beehives in or near fields during flowering of crop plants increases polli-
nation efficiency, crop yield as well as yield of honey.
15. n < || (Water Pollution)''l+=i |i <|| +i n n lnn| | n + ||l-+ ~| |=|l-+ n-|||
+| l-- l+=i |i n | :=+ -l-- +|| (legitimate purposes) + ln( -| n ~---| +-| t '' n <||
+tn|-| t
i n n| 1.35 + l+ l+n|ni n t l=+| 97% n =n< | n t |ni n +| n = |- || t (+ ~-n|-
+ ~-=| || +| n| 27% n t+ =n< | n t- |-| t l+ n| 72 l-z|- n |l- t| |-| t n +i ~-
n||| ti ii l=+ i n --i t =-ti n n =-n n||| n l-nl-- +| t| - t , = +| l-+ ~+| l-+
<||, =-ni :|l< :- <||| +i ~l+ =|-<-| + +|| n <l|- t|-| t ||- n n <|| (+ | ||-+ =n|
t (+ ~-n|- + ~-=| ||- n 5060% --| nl-- || + +|| +n t ~| n| 3040% n <l|- n
+ +|| t|-i t
16.4.3 n <|| + <|| (III-effects of Water Pollution)
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A. +| l-+ ~lz|| ( | n |lt- nn + ||
1. =-ni +| l-+ <||| + ~|- n ~| +=i- +| | +- t l== n n l~| +=il-z|- t| |-| t | z| |n
- +| -l- +-| t t ~|i+| =i - --- +-| t ~| n | +- n|+ -ti t-| t
2. |lt-nn i||~| (-|i|ln=, l~||~|, :z-ll-||, ++| (-+ +ln, n-|lnn=|, t z| |n|
(+nn|:|n|-|=, +n||=|, ~| l=n|l| -int z||n -|| =i =lt| || (|-i-ln=, ||n|i<|-,| | ||~-=
(|nilz|n, +|l-ln, n|+|n|| ~|l< +i l+|~| +| -< <il- +- t
3. | l- |i z||n lz +| ||l- +- t
4. | -+ =-< l|- n ll|-- +| + n| c | | = +| n |, iln|, |:| :, l-z|, lt |:l= ~|l< --- +-| t
B. n n ~| | l+ ~lz|| + ||
1. n+i, ~|=l-+ ( =i= + |l+ -|| l+=+ + l- + t|- t = ~|=l-+ +i n- =n = -l|l- = n+
| t|-| t ~|=l-+ |l|, in -|:l=, += ( -| +-= ~|l< --- +-| t n+i = l+ ln||:n
n+i -|| l+=+ t ~| n| -|i|-|, < l ~l-ln--| ~|l< +-| t
2. ln||:n n+i ln-in|-| | --- +-| t
3. (= z| (+|l== --- +- t t (+ +| +| += +-= t|-| t
4. +ln- <|| = ||- n :::: (Itai-itai) | || | || | +lnn =-<l|- -|n + | +- = t~|
5. -|: (90 ppm = ~l+| =|-|l== | n i --- +-| t
6. +n~||: <-- +| ~l+ | +nn +n~||l== | -| + |i -i l=i= (skeletal fluorosis or knock knee
disease) +| -n <-| t l=n | ( tl | =- ( +| t| |- t ||- + 13 |- i- + |-i n +n ~||: +i
--- =|-<-| (1.5 ppm ~l+| n t t +n~||l== |- | +| <<, ~|l|l+ n-|| -|| -|~| + +-=i+| + ln n
= l-n<| t
7. -ni -n t| ni i| ~| nln| +| n| <-| t
8. =i=| l||+--| ~l-=l+-|, n| -|l- ( (-iln| --- +-| t
9. =nl-n lz +| |+ <-| t || +n +-| t ~| --~| n |-- ~l-ln--|( --- +-| t
10. -ni n <|| + +|| ni i| | ~= t|-| t
1. ~lz| n +| --| (Treatment of Waste Water)= |n <l|- n +| |lt-nn --| =-| n n ||
|-| t :=n ~| |l+ ( -i ~lz| n +| |ti --| =-| (Effluent Trentment Plant; ETP) ,|| --|l- ++
n|z|| n |lt- + l<| |-| t ETP n ~lz| n +| ~ +| = --| l+| |-| t
(i) ||ln+ --| (Primary Treatment)t n n l-nl-- <||| (suspended particles) +| ||l-+ ~||
|l-|+ ll = l-+|n- +i l+| t := --| n ~|n-z|in +|+- <||| +| |-+, ~-|l- +|+ | -i- a|+
t| l<| |-|t
(ii) l,-i+ --| (Secondary Treatment)||ln+ --|l- l+| | n ~ ~| +=i- ( |i =-ni|
+ =-+ n n|| |-| t +|l-+ <||| +| ~|- ++ ~t|l-+|+ CO
2
H
2
O n -| <- t :=n i|| ~| +|
n|- + ln( - +n|l-i+| l+| |-| t :=n <| ll| +| =l-nln- l+| |-| t
(a) l +ln l- ll (Trickling Filter Method)l,-i+ --| + ln( +- |n| l- (trickling filter)
+| | l+| |-| t l=n ||ln+ --| + |< n +| << ++ i|| +- ||l-n (Biofilm) l|| |-|
t ||l-n | + +| +| -| t|-| t l+ ~|- + n ||l-n, ||n|= -|| CO
2
-- t --|l-
n +| ||n|= =lt- |t| l-+|n ln| |-| t
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Bio-[ 19 ]
(b) (+i n ll (Activated Sludge Method):=n |lt- n +| |i + n - l+| |-| t l=n
n (i|| z||n = -|| |i t|-| t i|| ~l+|z| +|l-+ <||| +| ~|- +- n =-|n t|- t l+ z| |n
:=+| ~| +=i- -n +|-| t nl+- n n ~ |i ||- n||| n -|: = ( | = t|- t
(iii) - -i+ --| (Tertiary Treatment):=n -|: = ( | n| ~-| | -+-i+ ,|| ~n + l< |-
t :== n +|i t< -+ z|z t| |-| t
2. ~lz| +| - -| ~| - -+| (Routilisationi and Recycling of Waste) -i |lt-nn, =-i
: - = ~| l- -|<- + ln( - -l+- l+| | =+-| t | = =-| ,|| n <|| +| |+| ( --| l+|
| =+-| t + n| ll| l--- t
(i) + ~lz|| = t|| -| | =+- t
(ii) |-i -n|l+ +| | - -+| ,|| l|n|- -|- n l+| | =+-| t
(iii) +-|l ~l+|z| |-+| +| n| <-i t ~| +- | ||< -|-| t
(iv) -|ln ( ~- + l| ~lz|| +| | +| ( | -|- n l+| | =+-| t
~- (= <||| +| n = |-| n -ti +-| -|lt(
3. i +-|lz|| ( - +| + | l--||i+-|lz|| +i +n = +n n||| +| | l+| |-| -|lt(
-|l+ n <| -ti - t- +n ||: - +| ~| i =t|=+| +| | +-| -|lt(
4. ni t||l=-| (Aquatic Hyacinth) l+ ( |=|l-+ <|+| +| t|-| t t + ||i |-~| =Cd,
Hg, Pb ( Ni +| |i t|-| t ~- := | +| ~l+ | +-| -|lt(
5. +n |=| (Reverse Osmosis):= -+-i+ n || n (brackish water) +| ~|l-i+| ,|| z|z l+|
|-| t :=n n +| --- <| ~z|- ln-ni = t|+ || |-| t
6. -|i < || +| z| + z|i-- | -|| ~|: z|i-- | (Wet cooling tower and dry cooling tower) n|+ +n
l+| | =+-| t
7. n - |l|| +| l--|| n n -ti +-| -|lt(
Water pollution is degradationi of quality of water due to addition of substant to be silo chemeals (e.g., metals,
Inorganic and Organic chemicals) of factors (e.g., heat) and depnvation that makes it a health hazard, unfit for human
use, use by animals and industries as well as growth of a quatic biota. Water pollutiojn is both natural and anthropo-
genic. (a) Natural Water Pollution. It is water pollution (b) Anthropogenic or Man-Made Pollution. It is water pollution
caused by human activities like industrial effluents, domestic sewage, waste from animal sheds and slaughter houses,
detergents, pesticides and fertilisers, oil spills, etc.
Water pollution is a serious problem in India. 50-60% of Indian population suffers from disorders and diseases
associated with it. 30-40% of all deaths are due to them. On the basis of their origin, sources of water pollution are of
two types, point and non-point.
Effects of Water pollution
Water pollution causes adverse changes in physical, chemical and bioligical characteristics of quatic ecosys-
tems as well as quality of ground water.
1. Changes in Physical Characteristics of Water. Pollutants change the quality of water by effecting its
taste, odour, colour, clarity, etc.
(i) Turbidity. Water becomes muddy or turbid due to suspensioni of mineral dust, silt and related collidal
particles. Turbidity hinders penetration of light. It causes clogging of gills in fishes. Therefore, 10th plant and animal
life is destroyed. Turbid water is also not suitable for drinking or inlustrial use.
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(ii) Colour. Dyes, iron and chromium compounds, and anaerobic decomposition cause colouration of water.
The coloured water is not suitable for recreational, drinking and industrial uses.
(iii) Odour. Free chlorine, ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, phenols, growth of algae and microorganisms produce
unpleasant odour.
(iv) Taste. It is impaired due to occurrence of pollutants like free chlorine, phenol, iron, manganese, detergents,
hydrocarbons, oils and decomposition products.
(v) Scum and Sludge. They are produced by organic wastes, especially H
2
S formed by them. The sulphide
combines with metallic ions and forms brownish or blackish substances that float over and inside water.
(vi) Foam. It develops over the surface of water due to mixing of detergents, soaps and alkalies. Foam makes
the water unfit for various human uses.
2. Effects on Aquatic Ecosystem. Pollutants affect the biotic community of the aquatic ecosystem either
directly or through depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO). The amount of dissolved oxygen depends upon (i) Surface
turbulence (ii) Photosynthetic activity (iii) Temperature (iv) Consumption by animals (v) Consumption by decompos-
ers. A healthy a quatic ecosystem has a dissolved oxygen (DO) content 14.0 mg/It. A DO content below 8 mg/It
indicates pollution. In heavily polluted waters, the DO content may fall below 4.0 mg/lt.
(i) PutrescibilityDomestic sewage or municipal waste water mainly consists of biodegradable organic wastes.
Putrescibility is the property of organic wastes in getting decomposed with the help of decomposer organisms.
Decomposer organisms involved in breakdown of organic matter are collectively called sewage fungus. It consists of
bacteria (e.g., Escherichia coli, Beggiatoa), cyanobacteria (e.g., Oscillatoria, Microcystis), fungi (e.g., Mucor, Fusarium)
and green algae (e.g., diatoms, Chlamydomonas, Chlorella, Scenedesmus), Sewage contaminated water also has
blood worms and sludge worms at the bottom. A number of bacteria eating pollution tolerant protozoan protists (e.g.,
Colipidium, Paramecium) and some protozoan eating animals occur in such waters. Some plants can also tolerate a
good degree of sewage pollution, e.g., moss Fontinalis antipyretica and angiosperm potamogeton pectinatus.
For their activity decomposers requir oxygen. The amout of oxygen required for microbial breakdown of
organic matter is called biochemical oxygen demand. BOD or biochemical oxygen demand is the amount of oxygen
in milligrams required in 5 days for complete degradation of organic matter in one litre of water at 20C. Requirement
of less than 1500 mg/lt indicates low pollution, 1500-4000 mg/lt medium pollution and above 4000 mg/lt indicates high
organic pollution. As Do content is reduced, anaerobic breakdown begins with the help of anaerobic decomposers.
They produce pollutant by-products like ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, methane, organic sulphides, metallic sulphides,
etc. resulting in sludge and scum.
A related term to BOD is chemical oxygen demand. COD or chemical oxygen demand is the amount of oxygen
(mg/lt or ppm) required to oxidise the total reducing substances present in water. They include both biodegradable and
non-biodegradable substances. COD is generally measured with the help of potassium permanaganate or potassium
dichromate. Its value is higher than BOD. As the content of dissolved oxygen decreases, the amount of organic
wastes and toxic reducing chemicals accumulate. This results in elimination of sensitive organisms like plankton,
molluscs and fish. Such water bodies contain a few pollution tolerant animals like annelid Tubifex and insect larvae
like those of Chironomus. These animals are called pollution indicators. In such waters, green algae are replaced by
blue green algae.
It u ntreated domestic sewage is allowed to flow into a river, there will be immediate rise in BOD as the
decomposer microorganisms required a lot of oxygen. As a result, Do (dissolved oxygen) of water falls in the area of
sewage flow. Fish and other clean water organisms are killed. However, as organic matter is degraded, there is
increase in DO downstream. Fish and other cleanwater organisms reappear (Fig. 16.6)
(ii) Hot WaterHot water is produced by thermal power plants, nuclear reactors and many industries. It is
poured into water bodies resulting in increase in temperature. Higher temperature reduces oxygen content of water,
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e.g., 14 ppm at 0C and 6.4 ppm at 14C. There is increased BOD. Aerobic decomposition of organic matter is
stopped while anaerobic decomposition takes over. As a result there is increased organic loading which gives rise to
offensive odours, seum and sludge. Many fish are killed. Trouts eggs do not hatch while Salmon does not spawn at
temperature of 30C and above. Green algae are replaced by cyanobacteria.
3. Biomagnification (Bioconcentration)Biomagnification or biological magnification is increase in concen-
tration of persistent pollutant (e.g., DDT) or other substances (e.g., toxic chemical, heavy metal) per unit weight of
the organism with the rise in trophic level. It is caused by non-utilisation of the substance in metabolism, accumulation
in fat and non-breakdown by decomposers. In one study in an island of USA where DDT was regularly sprayed for
a few years on water body for checking growth of mosquitoes, fish eating birds began to decline. Analysis of DDT
content in water and various organisms was carried out. Water body had a DDT concentration of 0.003 ppb, phy-
toplankton 2.5 parts per billion (0.002 ppm, 800 times concentration), zooplankton 40 ppb (= 0.04 ppm; 16 times
concentration over plhtoplankton), small fish 0.5 ppm (12 times over zooplankton), larger predatory fish 2.00 ppm (4.0
times the smaller fish) while the fish eating birds contained a DDT concentration of 25 ppm (a magnification of 12.5
times that of fish). There is total magnification of 8.3 million times. Due to the phenomenon of biomagnification, the
entry of non-biodegradable metals, toxins, pesticides and chemicals in food chains is highly dangerous. Extensive use
of DDT after World War-11 resulted in several disorders in higher tophic levels like thinning of egg shells, liver
cirrhosis, softening of brain. hypertension, cerebral haemorrhage, defective sex hormones, etc. Population of many
predator birds declined, e.g., Bald Eagle. Ultimately use of DDT was stopped. However, several other persistent
pestricides continue to be a use.
4. EutrophicationIt is a nutrient enrichment of water body resulting in increased growth of algae, other
plants and animals. Eutrophication is of two types, natural and cultural. Natural eutrophication occurs in all water
bodies but is so slow that it may not be noticeable within
our life time. Cultural or accelerated eutrophication is
caused by run-off of fertilizer rich agricultural fields and
discharge of sewage rich waste water into water bod-
ies. On decomposition organic wastes also release nutri-
ents. Nutrients cause profuse growth of planktoni algae
and higher plants. Algae, especially blue-green algae grow
in such abundance as to colour the surface water. It is
known as algal bloom. Bloom formation occurs both in
fresh water and sea water. The colour of the water de-
pends upon pigments present in algae. Bloom formation
reduces light to submerged plants which get killed. Or-
ganic loading increases which reduces contents of dis-
solved oxygen. Bloon forming blue-green algae also produce toxins which are extremely harmful to humans and
animals. Toxins and reduced oxygen content of water kill most of the aquatic animals, e.g., fish. There is loss of
species diversity. Due to increased organic loading, eutrophic water body starts stinking, becomes coloured and
turbid.
In some water bodies, eutrophication is accompanied by excessive growth of free floating plants. One such
plant is Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). It grows in ponds, lakes and rivers, choking other forms of life to
death.
5. Effects on Human Health. Municipal waste waters contain a number of pathogens, belonging to various
groups of organisms like viruses, bacteria, parasitic protozoa, worms, etc. They spread various water borne diseases
like jaundice, cholera, typhoid, amoebiasis, etc. Such sewage contaminated waters are unfit for
drinking, bathing, swimming, cattle and even irrigation. Industrial waters contain heavy metals which cause serious
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health problems.
(i) Mercury. It is released by paper and paint industries, combustion of coal and smelters. In water, it is
changed to soluble dimethyl state, Hg(CH
3
)
2
. The latter enters food chains and gets concentrated with the rise in
trophic level. It poisons aquatic animals. Regular intake of meat from such poisoned animals causes minimata disease
(minamata disease), first reported in Japan in 1953. The disorder is characterised by impairment of various senses
(tactile, vision, speech and hearing), numbness of lips and limbs, repeated diarrhoea, haemolysis and meningitis. It
ultimately leads to death.
(ii) Cadmium. The metal is released by welding, electroplating, pesticide and metallurgical industries.In human
beings it accumulates in liver, kidneys and thyroid. The pollutant causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, cramps, hyper-
tension, testicular atrophy, liver and lung cancers, skeletal deformities due to softening of bones and multiple frac-
tures. The disease is called itai-itai (ouch-ouch, I cannot-I cannot). (iii) Lead. The contaminant is released by battery,
pesticide, paint and chemical industries. The disorder produced by use of lead polluted water is called as plumbism. It
is characterised by colic, bluish lines around gums, anaemia, loss of appetite, convulsrons, irreparable damage to
kidneys, liver and brain.
6. Ground Water Pollution. Ground water is being polluted by percolation of water from agricultural runoff,
gravitational flow in fields, seepage from sanitary pits, sewerage channels and water bodies receiving municipal and
industrial waste waters. Three common diseases of ground water pollution are methaemoglobinaemia, fluorosis and
black foot disease.
(i) Methaemoglobinaemia. It is caused by presence of nitrate in drinking water. Nitrate is changed into nitrite
in alimentary canal. Nitrite passes into blood and oxidises ferrous iron of haemoglobin into ferric iron. The modified or
ferric haemoglobin is called methaemoglobin. It is unable to carry oxygen. Therefore, oxygen transport is impaired.
It results in cyanosis especially in infants where it is called blue-baby syndrome. In adults the disorder causes breath-
lessness, nausea, vomiting and drowsiness.
(ii) Fluorosis. It is caused by presence of excess fluorine or fluoride in drinking water. It causes motting of teeth if
the contamination occurs during enamel forming stage. Bones undergo both osteoselerosis and osteomalacia resulting in
hardening, stiffening and bending of bones that bring about painful joints. The disorder is called skeletal fluorosis.
(iii) Black Foot Disease. It is caused by arsenic in drinking water. Arsenic enters ground water either as
seepage from above or during weathering of bed-rock. Arsenic pollution causes repeated diarrhoea, hyperkeratosis
or skin thickening, peripheral neutritis (inflammation of peripheral nerves), lung and skin cancers. There is peripheral
vascular insufficiency and hyperpigmentation resulting in gangrenous condition known as black foot disease.
Waste Water Treatment
Major sources of water pollution are municipal waste waters and industrial effluents and waste waters. Both of
them should be treated in effluent treatment plants (ETPs) before discharging in water bodies.
Treatment of Municipal Waste Water
Municipal waste water is rich in sewage. It is freed of its contaminants by three step treatmentprimary,
secondary and tertiary.
1. Primary Treatment (Physical Treatment). The treatment involves removal of grit and larger pieces of
organic matter. The various steps are (i) Shredding. Withe the help of cutting machines, larger pieces are cut into
smaller ones. (ii) Churing. The sewage is churned by means of machines so as to mix all the constituents thoroughly.
(iii) Setting. The shredded and churned sewage is passed into a tank having a gentle slope. Grit, sand and other
heavier particles settle down. (iv) Screening. The sewage is now passed through stationary or moving screens or
skimmers that remove all larger pieces of organic matter. It is collected as sludge. Sludge is used for preparing
compost and manure. It can also be burnt. The water after removing the sludge contains fine organic matter. It is
passed for secondary treatment.
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2. Secondary (Biological) Treatment. In this step the organic matter is decomposed with the help of mi-
crobes. After decomposition the treated water is sterlised through chlorination.
(i) Decomposition of Organic Matter. It is carried out by one of the following three methods. (a) Water
Hyacinth Pond. The method is primitive. It liberates a lot of stench. Water having fine organic matter is allowed to
stay in ponds having good growth of Water Hyacinth or Eichhornia. Organic matter is decomposed by microbes. The
minerals released by decomposers are picked up by Water Hyacinth for its own growth. (b) Trickling Filter Method.
Waste water is allowed to trickle over a thick bed (2m or more) of gravel having sewage fungus. The organic matter
is completely decomposed. The growth of sewage fungus is monitored. It is thinned out at intervals. (c) Activated
Sludge Method. Waste water is passed through a series of four shallow tanks where anaerobic and aerobic decom-
position are carried out. They are commonly called stablisation or oxidation ponds. Algae are grown in the upper
lighted zone for providing aeration. Aeration is also carried out mechanically to provide extra oxygen. Anaerobic
decomposition produces CO
2
and sludge or biosolid. Aerobic decomposition disposes off the same. The clear water
is allowed to pass out slowly for next step.
(ii) Chlorination. After having undergone decomposition, the waste water is quite clear. It is passed out into
chambers where chlorination is undertaken. Chlorination kills microbes of sewage fungus as well as some pathogens,
spores or cysts which have escaped early treatments. Chlorinated waste water is, however, rich in minerals like
nitrate, ammonia and phosphates. It should not be passed into water body where it will cause eutrophicationi. The
treated waste water is most suitable for irrigatioin where extra minerals will help to increase crop growth while the
extra water filters down for recharging the ground water.
3. Tertiary Treatment (Fig. 16.9). It is physico-chemical process for removing turbidity in treated waste
waters that also removes nutrients, dissolved organic matter and metals.Tertiary treatment is, however, costly and is
very rarely undertaken, that also where the water has to be reeycled. The various steps are as follows.
(i) Precipitation. The impurities present in treated waste water are flocculated or precipitated with the help of
(a) Alum, ferric chloride and lime. (b) Caustic soda, ferrous sulphate and lime. (c) Zirconium. The precipitate is
allowed to settle or undergo sedimentation.
(ii) Filtration. The clear water is allowed to pass through filters for removing any precipitate left in the water.
(iii) Activated Carbon. The filtered water is allowed to pass through activated charcoal which removes
dissolved organics.
(iv) Aeration and Desalination. Air is passed through water or strong oxidants (chlorine, perchlorate salts, O
3
, UV
radiation) added to oxidise any of the remaining impurity and make the water fit for any use. In order to ensure purity of
water for industrial use, mineral impurities are removed in treated waste water with the help
of reverse osmosis or ion exchange resins. Special treatment may be required for removal of such compounds as DDT.
After tertiary treatment, waste water can be used in irrigation, discharged into natural waters or used in industry.
1. Neutralisation. The effluents are first of all tested for pH and then neutralised with the help of opposing
chemical acid or alkali.
2. Precipitation. The chemicals contained in effluents are precipitated either electrostatically or with the help
of known chemical reactions.
3. Adsorption. It is carried out for removing coloured impurities and highly toxic chemicals.
4. Photocatalysis. It is a recent technique of splitting the chemicals so as to convert toxic materials into
harmless ones.
5. Ion Exchange and Reverse Osmosis. They are carried out for removing the remaining ions after precipi-
tation and photocatalysis.
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MODEL SET (iz k:i i=k)II
SECTION([k.M)I
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (oLrq fu"B 'u)
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. = -|<- n +- i|| +| =nt t`
Group of bacteria used in biogas production is
(A) +il| (Eubacteria) (B) ~|-| | (Organotroph)
(C) n|-| | (Methanotroph) (D) n | -| - (Methanogen)
2. + +| i t`
Baker's yeast is
(A) (=. =i|:-=i (S. Cerevisae) (B) (=. nl-=i (S. Ludwingi)
(C) (=. ~| +||= (S. Octosporus) (D) z||:|=+|n|=i (Shizo saaharomyces)
3. ~|l-||lni ........... ,|| || +| +t| |-| t`
Ornithophily is pollination by
(A) n- | (Man) (B) - (Wind)
(C) l-|| (Birds) (D) -n|<| (Bats)
4. (+ ti -n + z|~| + n -- t|-| t +tn|-| t
When breeding is bet ween animals of the same breed it is called
(A) ~- -- (Inbreeding) (B) lt -- (Out breeding)
(C) lt =+| (Out crossing) (D) =+| (Cross breeding)
5. ( | l= +| ~| t
Anthesis is a phenomenon which refers to
(A) ~ + |i- |-ni +i lz (growth of pollen tube inside ovary)
(B) |+| +| --| (Formation of Pollen)
(C) +ln+| +| |n-| (Opening of flower bud)
(D) |+|z|| +| - + l-+n-| (Development of anther)
6. PCR l--- + ln( ~|z+ t
PCR method is useful for
(A) DNA =zn|| (DNA synthesis) (B) DNA =- (DNA amplification)
(C) |i- =zn|| (Protein synthesis) (D) (ln-|~-n =zn|| (Amino acid synthesis)
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7. t RNA | (ni-| ~-n + ln( |ti ~| + n +| +-| t`
Which RNA is used as aminoacid acceptor ?
(A) m RNA (m RNA) (B) t RNA (t RNA) (C) hn RNA (hn RNA) (D) r RNA (r RNA)
8. =||| ( |l+z|-| l+=n +ni n|-| t` (Eutrophication causes decrease in )
(A) |ni t: t|: |- (Dissolved hydrogen) (B) |n t( n| (Dissolved salts)
(C) |ni t: ~| +=i- (Dissolved oxygen) (D) -+- =|i (All of these)
9. ln - z|- +| | - t` (Termination codon is)
(A) UGG (B) GUG (C) UAG (D) AVG
10. +|- =i i- t|-= = -ti t` (Which in not green house gases ?)
(A) n | - (Methane) (B) CO
2
(CO
2
) (C) +n|| +n| |+|- (Chlorofluorocarbon) (D) -|: | - (Nitrogen)
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|-I : ~|- (||nl-l+z|-| +| -| t +ln+ ||| - ~|l||+- +i =|<-| n lz, +| t|-|
+|-II : :=+| +|| i ,|| =lt- ~|l||n <|| +| -=l- t|-| t
Statement-I : Biomagnification refers to increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels.
Statement-II : This happens because a toxic substance accumulated by an organism is easily excreted.
12. +|-I : -l-- + n i + i-||: ( i-||: n l-- ~| |-| t
+|-II : -l-- t l+| t | |i- ~-+n n <n| n| <-i t
Statement-I : Mutation results in changes in the genotype and phenotype of an organism.
Statement-II : Mutation is a phenomenon which results in alteration of protein sequences.
13. +|-I : ~| || +| ~| +=i- -|| ||| +i ~|l- +-| t
+|-II : ~| (+ -|l| - ,|| || = | t|-| t | || -+ =|i ~|z+ <||| +| ~< n|- -|| |t n |-
+ +| n n<< +-| t
Statement-I : The Placenta facilitate the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the embryo.
Statement-II : The Placenta is connected to the embryo through an umbilical cord which helps in the transport
of substances to and from the embryo.
14. +|-I : ~< || | |n| ||= = || t|-i t
+|-II : ~|+ ~<| + |- ,|| ~l-|- -| ( ||| |-- +- t
Statement-I : The detritus food chain begins with grass.
Statement-II : Decomposers meet their energy and nutrient requirements by degrading organic matter.
15. +|-I : ii (+ +| +| il| t | =in= i-l(=i= = l-ln- t|-| t
+|-II : =in= |i-l(=i= +|| t|: +| l-n| | +-i t | llz| +i| +| n|- n =t|+ t
Statement-I : Bt toxin is produced by a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis.
Statement-II : Bacillus thuringiensis produce carbohydrate that kill certain insects.
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+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. |-||i | <|| l--- ,|| t|-| t` (Air pollution occurs by)
(A) CO (B) NO
2
(C) SO
2
(D) O
2
17. l-- (|:n t` (Restriction enzymes are)
(A) (+=|-l+n( (Exonuclease) (B) (-| -l+n( (Endonuclease)
(C) n|: (Ligase) (D) | nin (Polymerase)
18. DNA -|| RNA n -|: | -i -|| t (Nitrogenous bases in DNA and RNA is)
(A) ( -i- (Adenine) (B) =|:|l=- (Cytosine) (C) |-|=i- (Guanosine) (D) =|:ii- (Cytidine)
19. z||l- + l-n (Laws of Genetics) (A) =- ( | i (Sutton and Boveri)
20. z||l- +| +|n|=|n l=z|-- (Chromosomal theory of inheritance) (B) i.. nn (G.J. Mendel)
21. i- (Gene) (C) | =- ( +i+ (Watson and Crick)
22. DNA +i =--| (Structure of DNA) (D) |t-=- (Johannson)
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
Some of us are sensitive to some particles in the environment. The exaggerated response of the immune
system to certain antigens present in the environment is called allergy. The substance to which such an immune
response is produced are called allergens. The antibodies produced to these are of IgE type. Common example
of allergens are mites in dust, pollens, animal dander. Allergy in due to the release of chemicals like histamine
and serotonin from the mast cells. Symptoms of allergic reactions include sneezing, watery eyes, running nose
and difficulty in breathing. Modern day life style has resulted in lowering of immunity and more sensitivity to
allergens.
+ n| || n n| < + +|| + l- =<-z|in t|- t || n n| < + l--| + l- l--|| -| +i
~l-l- ~-l+| (ni +tn|-i t (= <|| l-+ l- (=i l--|| ~-l+| t|-i t, (n- +n|- t :-+ l-
--|ni l-l-|| IgE +| +i t|-i t (n - + =|n|- -<|t| t n n l--i, |, ~|l< (ni n|
+|lz|+|~| = lt ln- ~| =i||l-- = =|-| + l-+n- + +|| t|-i t (ni ~-l+|~| + n-||| n i+-|,
-ini ~||, t-i -|+ ~| =|= n- n +la-|: z||lnn t ~|l-+ i-z| ni + n n|| n l--|| |i t
~| (n-| + l- =<-z|in-| ci t
23. (= <|| l-+ l- l--|| ~-l+| t|-i t -= ............ +t- t
The substances to which an immune response is produced are called
(A) ( n - (allergens) (B) (-i- (antigens) (C) i+| (Vaccine) (D) (i|i (antibodies)
24. ( ni n -- |ni l-l-|| t (The antibodies produced in allergy are of type)
(A) IgA (B) IgM (C) IgE (D) IgG
25. (ni + +|| l-+n- |n =|- t (Chemicals released due to allergy are)
(A) ltln- (Histamine) (B) =i| |l-- (Serotonine)
(C) <| -| (Both) (D) +|: -ti (None)
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SECTION([k.M)II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. ~|-lz|+ +| + n-||| +i || +il(
Discuss the characteristics of genetic code.
2. =n|- ( =n ~| n ~-- + --~| n | |- |n -|| | | n | |- |n =n|- ~| +| -<|t|
<il(
Distinguish between homologous and analogous organs. Give examples of homologous organs, found is animals
and plants.
3. n l+ ( ~n l+ -- n ~-- + (Distinguish between asexual and sexual reproduction.)
4. l||l|- +il( (Define) :
(a) || (Pollination) (b) || (Cross Pollination) (c) ~l-|+n- (Parthenocarpy)
5. += +| l||l|- +il( += + +|| ( --| =l-|-- l-|i ln|
Define cancer what are the causes and treatment of cancer?
6. |< -- n || n- |n ll|-- -|| +| = -| n |- +il(
Explain main steps in plant breeding.
7. ~|-lz|+ |-l- || + -| =l-|-- l-i ln| (Discuss the uses of Genetically modified plants.)
8. || | |n| +| l||l|- +il( -|| ~<- || | |n| +| |- +il(
Define food chain and explain the concept of detritus food chain.
9. || +i vn| z|-| +| ln|
Enumerate the major criterias for self pollination.
10. 'tl- t v||' +| t ` :=+ ln( l-n<| +|+ -|(
What is 'green house effect' ? Name the factors responsible for it.
11. +|l-+ |-i +| t ` =nn|(
What do you mean by organic forming ?
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. n- n z| + -- +i l+| +| =nn|( (Describe the process of spermatogenesis in human beings.)
Or, ~||,
n- n z|- l+| ,|| | l-| | +| =nn|( (Describe the various processes of contraception by operative method.)
13. | <|| +| t` | <|| + ll|-- =|-| +| =nn|( n|- | - |n | <|| + ||| +| ln|
| <|| +| l-l|- +- +i ll| +| ln| (What is air pollution. What are the different is sources of air
pollution? How does air pollution affect human beings and suggest measures to control air pollution.)
14. ~|. (-. (. +| |- +` -|| :=+ +| +| ln| (Describe RNA and its types.)
15. -+-i+i +| t` ~|-lz|+i ~l||l|+i n +- ~| || +| -|n ln| -l--l-| ,|| -| DNA -+-i+ +|
<z|| (What is biotichnology ? (Name the tools used in genetic engineering. Show Recombinant DNA technol-
ogy with appropriate diagram.
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MODEL SET (iz k:i i=k)III
SECTION([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. l--- n = +| - | -=-|l- | t (Which one of the following is a sexually transmitted disease?)
(A) || (Typhoid) (B) l=ln= (Syphilis) (C) t| (Colera) (D) nn l| (Maleria)
2. l--- i| + ~||i || +| <z||-| t` (Following is the basal part of ovule)
(A) l-|| (Chalaza) (B) i| - (Hilum) (C) -|l|+| (Nucellus) (D) +|: -ti (None)
3. |--= l=- |n n |=|| +i =| t|-i t ` (The chromosome number is Doun's Syndrome is)
(A) 48 (B) 47 (C) 49 (D) 46
4. z|+||= |-l- t|+ l+-- z|+|| -|- t` (Spermatid transforms into following number of sperms)
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
5. |:lnil- t` (Pyrimidine is )
(A) (l-i- (Adenine) (B) |ln- (Guanine) (C) l=n (Uracil) (D) =|i (All)
6. ~|l+~| -l+= =|+ +i t (Archaeopteryx is the connecting link between)
(A) amphibia and reptile (B) reptile and aves (C) Aves and mammals (D) : (N)
7. |i- =zn|| n ||+ + t` (The initiation codon in Translation process is )
(A) GUA (B) AUG (C) UGA (D) All
8. ++ nn -<|t| t (Mycorrhiza is the example of)
(A) =t| |+|l-| (Mutualism) (B) =til-| (Commensalism) (C) il-| (Parasitism) (D) =|i (All)
9. l- ( | l-- + l+n= <z||- t ` (The flippears of penguin and dolphin show)
(A) =n|--| (homology) (B) ~--| (Analogy) (C) <|-| (both) (D) +|: -ti (None)
10. n-- l,l||- || |-| t` (Longitudinal binary fission is found in )
(A) ~ni| (Amoeba) (B) |nilz|n (Paramecium) (C) ni-| (Euglena) (D) +|: -ti (None)
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
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11. +|-I : '=tni' -|n+ | l-|+ |ni (+ | n =|ni t
+|-II : t 't+- n (+ |' ni |- |ni, +n < || |ni -|| --- l-|+ -|n-| |ni t|-i t
Statement-I : Saheli is a non-steroidel eoral contracept.
Statement-II : It is once in a week pill with very few side effects and high contraeptive value.
12. +|-I : =|i i| n n+ ~l|- ti t|- t
+|-II : n+ l-n|| tnz|| ~z=|i l||- ,|| ti t|-| t -|t --| l,l|- t|
Statement-I : Gametes are haploid in all organisms.
Statement-II : Gametes are produced by meiosis only whether the sex organs are diploid themselves
13. +|-I : n- | n - | n|<| lz|z| +| -n n|<| ~l|||+ l-| +-| t
+|-II : lnl-|| + X-|=| + i -|| + Y-|=| + i- +i lnnini || = t|-| t
Statement-I : Female parent is responsible for the birth of male or female child in human beings.
Statement-II : Sex determination is combined effect of some genes present on X-Chromosome and some on y-
chromosomes.
14. +|-I : +l|l+ DNA n +l n lt| = -|n+ -||i |i- +i n | ln+| t
+|-II : lt|= |- +| + t|- t H
1
, H
2
A, H
2
B, H
3
& H
4
.
Statement-I : The basic proteins called histones has a vital role in eukaryotic DNA-packaging
Statement-II : Histones are of 5-types- H
1
, H
2
A, H
2
B, H
3
& H
4
.
15. +|-I : n|:+- z|t| n |= -ti -- t
+|-II : | <|| + l- +|i =<-z|in t
Statement-I : Lichens never grow near metropolitan.
Statement-II : They are very sensitive to wind pollution.
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. ni || || |-| t` (Hydrophily is found in )
(A) =n<i ||= (Zostera) (B) +n| |l= (Calotropis)
(C) ln=-l| (Vallisneria) (D) l (Fig)
17. n-| n ~z||i ~ t ` (Following are vestigeal organs in human beings )
(A) ~|< (Forelimbs) (B) +|lz|| (Ear-Muscles)
(C) + ln lz|l|+| (Vermiform-appendix) (D) -< lz|| (Abdominal Muscles)
18. n|-~| ||l- +-| t` (Human Placenta secretes)
(A) HCG (B) HPL (C) androgen (D) Vesopressin
19. CO
2
(A) Mercury (|||
20. CFC (B) Bhopal tragedy (|||n ||=<i|
21. Minimata (C) Ozone depletion (~||- -||
22. Methyl Isocyante (D) Green house gas. (i- t|-= =|
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V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
+ lz|| =|-| = ll|-- ~-n, (-+|tn, (|:n -|| ~- =l+ ~| + ~||l+ -|<- n =-ni| +|
| l+| |-| t (||-| n +| -|<- i ,|| t|-| t -|+|:- -|n+ ~| -|+|+= i|| ,|| ---
t|-| t l=+ |-l- +| -| |l| n '|++| | -' + n t| -| t |:+| n| | ni| n -|n+ ++
= |-- '=|:+n||l- (' +| | l--|| l-|+ + n t|-| t n|-| += -i~= -|n+ i = --- l-
+| -| +-+|n | n +| +n +- |n +|+ + n t|-| t
Some important chemicals like various acids, alcohols, enzymes and other bio-active molecules need micro-
organisms for their industrial production. Yeast is used to produce ethanol. A biomolecule streptokinase is
obtained by streptococus sp. Which is modified and used as clot buster in heart patients. Cyclosporin A is
obtained from a fungus, Trichoderma polysporum. It is used as immuno suppressive. Some statins synthe-
sized by yeast Monascus purpureus are used to lower the LDL Cholesterol level.
23. |:+|n| -|n+ ++ = |-- t|-| t
Following is obtained from fungus Trichoderma
(A) l- (Statin) (B) =|:+n| | l- ( (Cyclosporin A)
(C) -|+|:- (Streptokinase)) (D) +|: -ti (None)
24. l- +| | t|-| t`
Statin is used as
(A) +-+|n | - +| +n +- t- (Low LDL Cholesteral Level)
(B) |++|| - (Clot-buster)
(C) l--|| l-|+ (immunosuppressive) (D) =|i (All)
25. l--- +| | ~l-|| + <||- +- t`
Following is used during organ-transplanation
(A) -|+|:- (Streptokinase) (B) l-=iln- (Penicillin)
(C) =|:+-| | l- ( (Cyclosporin A) (D) l- (Statins)
SECTION([k.M)II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. +|l+ - + n|| + -i- l-< ~| +| ln|
Write threre points of advantages of vegetative propagation
2. l| -- +| t|- t ` -i =-|| n --+| +| |<|- t `
What are sacred groves ? What is their role in conservatioin ?
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3. n- | n XXY l+- + -- +i l+| +| =l-|-- l| <
Explain briefly how an XXY individual arise in humans.
4. += ||l- +|lz|+| ( =|n|- +|lz|+| n ~- +
How is a cancerous cell different from a normal cell?
5. n :n+ ||l== +| =l-|-- l| <
Explain briefly the gel electrophoresis
6. ll|-- +| + ~| (- ( + -|n ( +| -|:(`
Name the different types of RNA with their function.
7. (+n +|lz|+| |i- l+= +t- t` :=+ nt ( n- + ln( -| +i l--| +
What is singel cell protein (SCP)? Describe its importance and human use.
8. '+|: ' |i- +| t ` := <| +- |n i +| -|n -|:( n- := ~- |< + ln( += -| n n|-| t `
What are Cry proteins? Name the organism that produces it. How has man exploited it for his benefit?
9. ~l-|+ -- = +| =nn- t ` (+ n +| -<|t| <+ =nn|(
What is parthenocarpy ? Name a fruit developed by this process.
10. -| v|t + 10% l-n +| ln|
State the 10% rule of energy flow in short.
11. n n - z|| t - n + | +| +| - -| `
Why did Mendel chose garden Pea plant for his research ?
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. ll-| + -||- =-|| l-|i ln|
Write a note on ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.
Or,
-| DNA v||l+i + ll|-- v+n| +| |- +
Describe various process of recombinant DNA Technology.
13. -| i (- ( || l+i +| ~| |l -| | n ~- | +i || +
Describe the applications of recombinant DNA technology in therapeutics.
Or, |
i-l-l+=| +| t` (l-|l=- l(ln- (( i (| +i +ni +| -<|t| <- t( :=+| |- +
What is gane therapy ? Illustrate using the example of adenosine deaminase. (ADA) deficiency.
14. ~z=-|i DNA l-+ l-- l+= +t- t` := || ,|| += ~| l+=- l=z l+|` || +
What do you mean by semi-conservative DNA replication ? Who and how was it proved through an experiment?
Explain.
Or, |
|l-|< (+ l-- lnl|(
Write an essay on Darwinism.
15. ll-| + =-|| + +||| +i l- - l--| +il(`
Enumerate the reasons why should we conserve biodiversity ?
Or, |
n< l|< |<| n |ll|l-+ ~- + n- +| -<|t| =lt- || +
Write down the ecological adaptations in xerophytic plants with proper examples.
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MODEL SET (iz k:i i=k)IV
SECTION([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. Perisperm is the remained portion of
(A) i|+| (Nuclleus) (B) || (Embryo) (C) |||| (Endosperm) (D) ~|| (Integument)
2. :-n = +| - t l|-| +| <z||-| t ` Which one of the following would represents allotrioploid
(A) ~~~ (AAABB) (B) ~~~~ (AAAA) (C) (( (AABB) (D) iiii (BBBB)
3. :-n = +| - n l-|-- ~|-l+ t|- t (In which of following fertilization is internal)
(A) nni (Fish) (B) -|- (Amphibians) (C) z| -|n n (Major of algae) (D) ( i| n n (Angiosperm)
4. -|ll--= +| |ll--n n l=z|- +| n ~z|- +| t`
What is the main contribution of Neo-Darwinians to theory of Darwinism ?
(A) +|z|z=- (Photorespiration) (B) z=- (Respiration)
(C) +|z| =zn|| (Photosynthesis) (D) -|i +i ~|-l+ =--| (Leaf anatomy)
5. -|n|/- |ll|l-+ -| n -| +| l|ln t|-| t (In pond/forest ecosystem pyramid of energy is)
(A) tnz|| =i| l|ln (Always upright) (B) tnz|| --| (always inverted)
(C) =i| ~| --| <|-| (Both upright & inverted) (D) ~|+| (shaped)
6. |n |l=l ( |n l-l +il| n n ~-- t|-| t, -=+
The main difference between gram positive (+) and gram negative () bacteria lies in
(A) l-ni (Pili) (B) +|lz|+| ln-ni (Cell Wall) (C) +nn| (Flagella) (D) -n|ln (Plasmidis)
7. n-z| |=| | l+ -- + l-+|lz|+| n || |-| t +| <|| | =+-| t
Lampbrush chromosomes found in the oocytes of amphibians are seen in
(A) n-|i- n (Leptotene) (B) i-n|i- n (Diplotene)
(C) +ii- n (Pachytene) (D) :-n = l+=i n -ti (None)
8. nn + l-n +| ~|< t (An exception of Mendel's law is )
(A) ||l-| (Dominance) (B) n+ +i z|z-| (Purity of gamete)
(C) =tn--| (Linkage) (D) - | ~ t- (Independent assortment )
9. Balance between CO
2
& O
2
is maintained due to
(A) +|z|z=- (Photorespiration) (B) z=- (Respiration)
(C) +|z| =zn|| (Photosynthesis) (D) -|i +i ~|-l+ =--| (Leaf anatomy)
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Bio-[ 33 ]
10. t nln- z|< +| | t|-| t (The term humulin is used for)
(A) (+ +| + +|:l- + n (A firm of chitin) (B)(+ |-+ :|:n + n (A digestive enzyme)
(C) (+ z|l+-z||ni (-i||l+ + n (A powerful antibiotics)
(D) n|- :-=ln- + n (human insulin)
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|-I : ||ln+ -|<+-| +n --- >|i + || +i lz||-| t|-i t
+|-II : =|- =zn|| +| ||ln+ -|<+-| |i +t- t
Statement-I : Primary productivity is characteristic of higher plants only.
Statement-II : Chemosynthesis is also known as primary productivity.
12. +|-I : lz+ -|n|- n lz +| (+ | +|| -| +i +|: t
+|-II : Co
2
+ ~l-l+- <| ~- = +nz| ln|- ~| +n|| -n|| +|-n |i tl- t || + ~-- - ~|- t
Statement-I : Deforestation is one main factor contributing to global warming.
Statement-II : Besides Co
2.
Two other gases methane and cfcs are also included under green house effects.
13. +|-I : +nl+|= - n|- n -ti t|-| t
+|-II : +nl+|= t|- n (+ n-|i ~l n-i t
Statement-I : Evolution is not occurring at present.
Statement-II : Evolution takes a long time to occur.
14. +|-I : HIV +| l ||:= +t| |-| t
+|-II : HIV RNA nn -( i-| ln+ RNA +| = zn || + =+-| t :=n n-i +i ~|z+-| -ti t| -i t
Statement-I : HIV is called a retrovirus.
Statement-II : Bond between them fails to break.
15. +|-I : =n- i, =||=|| z|l- +- +| ~l|+l-- t|- t
+|-II : -- <|-| + i- +| - -ti |-| t
Statement-I : The linked genes tends to get inherited together.
Statement-II : Bond between them fails to break.
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. |= |-| t
Viruses possess
(A) RNA (RNA) (B) DNA (DNA)
(C) RNA | DNA (RNA or DNA)
(D) - RNA -ti DNA (neither RNA or DNA)
(E) RNA ~| +ni DNA <| -| (RNA and Some times DNA both.)
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17. -l+ +| + ~l+|+ t
(Genetic Code was discovered by)
(A) t| ni ~| ~|+|~| (Holley and Ochoa) (B) t| ni ~| ||-| (Holley and Khorana)
(C) n | : (Mathaei) (D) l-- ~| t| ni (Nirenberg and Holley)
18. Which of the following control the cotton bollworms ?
(A) +|: IAC (Cry IAC) (B) +|: II Ab (Cry II Ab)
(C) +|: IAb (Cry IAb) (D) +|: IAC ~| +|: IIAb (Cry IAC and Cry IIAb)
19. +|lz|+| l+| (Cell Plate) (A) z|i| (Axis)
20. n|-= (Manas) (B) || (Testis)
21. n|:l +|lz|+| (Ley dig cells) (C) |< +|lz|+| (Plant cell)
22. lt| (Deer) (D) ~=n (Assam)
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
|- lnn ~| :=+ =t|l| - i, 1997 n : - | =ln- = | n lz +| tn| - +n|- - | l+|
t +n|- (+ | +| || l= (+ <l| +|l+ +|z|| + +-<+ +| l-+|n+ (+ ~- +-<+ lti- ~|| n
z| +|+ -| l+| | || ~ + || n ll- - + l<| | :=+ z-|- (+ | + -- +| -n t~|
l= | ni +t| | l+ l-| -ti | ai+ | |<, i 2003 +| =+n| + +|| | ni +| z| l-l+=+| n||
+|lz|z|| ,|| |i -ti -|| | =+-| t n|- +| =-| lz n l-+| l+| | t| t
Ian wilmut and coworkers in February, 1997 produced the world's first clone of an adult produced the world's
first clone of an adult at Edinburgh's Rosun instyitute. The clone is a sheep developed from an enucleated egg
into which the nucleus of a somatic (udder) cells was introduced. The egg turned into an embryo which was
then transplanted in a surrogate mother i.e. substitute mother. The latter gare birth to a baby shep as Dolly as
she has on February 14, 2003 by veter9inarians after they failed to cure h er from infection. Human cloning is
being opposed all over the world.
23. | ni + +n|- +| l-n|| l+| | || (A Clone of shee Dolly has been made by )
(A) i- ||-|-| (Gene transfer) (B) +|l+ +|z|| +n|l- (Somatic cell cloning)
(C) |l| +|z|| +n|l- (Germinal cell cloning) (D) +-<+ ||-|-| (Nucleus Transfer)
24. +n|l- +| -z t (The purpose of cloning is )
(A) +|lz|+| + i-||: +| =-|| (Preserving genotype of a cell)
(B) +|lz|+| + i-||: +| =-|| (Preserving phenotype of a cell)
(C) + i| + i-||: +| =-|| (Preserving genotype of a cell or organism)
(D) +|lz|+| | i| + i-||: +| =-|| (Preserving genotype of a cell or organism.)
25. +n|l- =|n l+l=- l+| | ||
(Cloning was first developed by)
(A) :|: ~| |: ,|| (Edward and Steptoe)
(B) |- lnn ~| --+ =t|l| ,|| (Ian wilmut and worker)
(C) lz|n - ( |- ,|| (Schleiden and Schwann)
(D) =|i ,|| (All of the above)
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SECTION([k.M)II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. = i+=- :|-+ni| +| t ` (What are restriction endonucleses ?)
2. (lnl-|=l== +| t ` (What are aminocentesis ?)
3. ll|l-+i +i l|||| ln| (Write the definition of Ecology?)
Or, (|| -+n- +| t ` |-i n |( |- |n i| n l+= +| +| ~-+n || |-| t `
What is adaptation? What type of adaptation is found in organisms of water ?
4. ~| - +| t` -- -i- -t + i- +| |- + | ~| - +| l-n|| +- t`
What is an operon? Name the three types of genes, whichmake up an operon ?
5. ll-| +| +| nt t` (What is biodiversity?)
Or, (|| ||l+i tn| ln( l+= +| n||<|+ t` (How is biotechnology useful for us?)
6. tl- t || +| t` (What is Green house effect ?)
7. t -|i +|+ = ~| +| =nn- t` (+ -<|t| < (What is meant by polygenic trait? Write an example.)
8. i- l-l+=| +| t` (What is Gene therapy?)
Or, (|| ~- -|( (Give the difference between.)
9. ~-- -| (Differentiate between) : (+| =n ni ( l|n ni (Homozygous & Heterozygous)
(|| || ( || (Self pollination & Cross pollination)
10. n|ni ( ni | | n || |-|n| <|<| ~-+n- ln| (Name two adaptation each of Xerophytic &
Hydrophytic plants.)
11. n|- z|+|| +| =-< l-l-t- l-| -| (Draw a well labelled diagram of human system.)
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. ii +|= +| t ` :=+ |< =nn|( (What is BT cotton ? State its advantages.)
Or, l-l+=| + -| | n v| | l+i + -| +| l| < (Describe the application of biotechnology in the field or medicines.)
13. || +i l|||| <il( | n -|| +i ll| +| |- +
What is pollination? Give an account of the varied means of cross pollination in plants.
14. -- +| t` -- = +| n|| t ` (What is reproduction? What are the advances of reproducton ?)
Or, (|| nn + z||l- + l-n| +i l--| + (Discuss the Mendel's law of inheritance.)
15. + +i =--| +| =l-| |- + (Discribe the structure of DNA with the help of diagram.)
Or, (|| n<|| + n +|+| ~| ||| +i l--| + (Explain the main factor or water pollution.)
Or, (|| n| =i +|+| +| ~||<i - |n ||| +i l--| + (Describe the effects of climate
factors on population.)
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MODEL SET (iz k:i i=k)V
SECTION([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. (n|-|t|:l +| =| (+=+ +|= n i-||: ~-|- t|-| t
The genotypic ratio in monohybrid cross is
(A) 3 : 1 (B) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
(C) 1 : 2 : 1 (D) +|: -ti (None)
2. nnl| +| +|| t|-| t` (Malaria is caused due to )
(A) |||~| (Protoza) (B) (-i (Algae)
(C) ++ (Fungi) (D) +| || (Malnutrition)
3. || | |n| n l---lnl|- n == ~l+ ~||<i l+= +i t `
Which one of the following has largest population in a food-chain
(A) -|<+ (Producer) (B) ||ln+ -||+-| (Primary Consumer)
(C) l,-i -||+-| (Secondary consumer) (D) ~|-+-| (Decomposer)
4. n-n + ~-=| +|- =| | ||i t|-| t
According to mendalism which characters are dominant :
(A) n-| ||, ni<| i (Tall plant, wrinked seed)
(B) n-| ||, |n i (Tall plant, round seed)
(C) -|| | |, ni <| i (Dwarf plant, wrinkled seed)
(D) -|| ||, |n i (Dwarf plant, round seed)
5. ~nil|l== +| +|+ t|-| t`
Amoebiasis is caused due to
(A) (-~ni| lt|ln+| (Entamoeba histolitica) (B) -n|-n| ln (Plasmodium)
(C) -|+|++= (Streptococcus) (D) |--l| -+|+i (Wuchareia bancrofti)
6. t|n|=|l(-= +| l+|= +t| t~|`
Home sapiens arose in
(A) ~i+| (Africa) (B) (lz|| (Asia)
(C) | (Europe) (D) ~| ln| (Australia)
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7. -= +|- +| - -| + | == --|n il-| +| <z|| -| t| (Select the statement which explains best parasitism:)
(A) (+ i n|||l-- t|-| t (One organism is benefited)
(B) <|-| i n|||l-- t|- t (Both the organism are benefited)
(C) (+ i n|||l-- t|-| t, <= +|: || -ti -| (One organism are benefited other is not affected.)
(D) (=+ i n|||l-- t|-| t ~| <= |i || -| t (One organism is benefited, other is affected)
8. - n+ +| l,-i + -< + = = | - +tn|-| t ` (The fusion of male gamete with secondary nucleus is known as)
(A) =n- (Syngamy) (B) i-|ni (Xenogamy) (C) l=n- (Triple fusion) (D) +|: -ti (None)
9. +ni--= l= |n n |=| +i =| +| t|-i t `
The chromosomal constitution of klinefelter's syndrome is
(A) 2A + XY (B) 2A + XO (C) 2A + XX (D) 2A + XXY
10. i|| + ,|| --- i.i. | l+=- +| l+ -=i i|| +| -ti n|-| t +|l+ `
Crystals of Bt toxins produced by some bacteria do not kill the bacteria themselves because
(A) i|| | l+=- + l- l-|+ t|-| t (Bacteria are resistant to the toxin.)
(B) | l+=- l+ -ti t| -| t (Toxin in not muatured.) (C) | l+=- +| l+|z|in -ti t| -| (Toxins are inactive)
(D) i|| | l+=- +| lz|| | ni n |-| t (Bacteria incloses toxins in a special sac.)
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|-I : t RNA ~| - ~| |i +tn|- t
+|-II : RNA n (i+||- n + =|| ~ni-| (l= (+=- | |i t|- t
Statement-I : t RNA is also called adaptor molecules.
Statement-II : t RNA has anticodonloop and also amino-acid acceptor end.
12. +|-I : ~=n|- ~ +| =n|- -< | t|-| t
+|-II : -|i +| | ( -- + |< ~=n|- ~ t
Statement-I : Analogous organs have common origin.
Statement-II : Feathers of the birds and limbs of the animals are analogous organs.
13. +|-I : l| z|- n|n |ln + +|+| n = (+ n| +|+ t
+|-II : CO
2
+ ~n|| |i <| ~- = ln|- ~| +n||+n|| +|- |i tl- t || --- +- t
Statement-I : Deforestation is one main factor contributing to global warming.
Statement-II : Besides CO
2
two other gases methane and chloro floro carbons also cause greenhouse effect.
14. +|-I : +n t|-i n t|- |ni +- | | +| n-n +t- t
+|-II : +n t |-i n |i n| -|<+ t
Statement-I : Shallowwater rooted plants are called phytoplankton.
Statement-II : They are the dominant producers in shallowwater.
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15. +|-I : || +| | +- + ln( l =- -+-i+ +| | l+| |-| t
+|-II : l+-| + tn |+|| +| +|+ t| <- +i l+| +| l=- +t- t
Statement-I : The technique emasculation is used to prevent pollination.
Statement-II : Emasculation is the removal of anther before maturity.
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. :-n = l+- i||~| +| | ~| |l+ = ~-n -|- n t|-| t `
Which of the microbes are used in commercial production of acids
(A) (ln= -|: (Aspergillus)
(B) :l-llz|| +|n|: (Escherichia coli)
(C) +n|l ln ln+n (Clostridium butylicum)
(D) i= i (=+|n|:l== =i=i| (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae)
17. ~nl+ -- + --|~| +| -<|t| t`
Asexual reproductive structures are
(A) +ln+| (Bud) (B) i (Seed) (C) +|-il| (Conidia) (D) +|: -ti (Ovum)
18. n|:|l== + ln( -+- +|- t`
For mitosis the correct statements are :
(A) n -|<- + =n t t|-| t (It Occurs during gamete production.)
(B) |i +|lz|+|~| n |=|| +i =| n|- +|lz|+|~| + | t|-i t (Daughter cells have same no. of
chromosome as of parent cell.)
(C) (+ n|- +|lz|+| = <| |i +|lz|+|( --- t|-i t (Two daughter cells are produced from one parent cell.)
(D) -+- =|i =ti t (All statements are true.)
19. ii - (Transgenic animal) (A) |:|in (Rhizobium)
20. ii +|= (Bt Cotton) (B) -l-- (Mutation)
21. -|: | - l|i+| (Nitrogen-fixation) (C) =in= |i-l(l== (Bascillus thuringiensis)
22. i (- ( i-|= +i | |n| n l- - (D) -- l-n |n i (- ( t| - t
(Alteration of DNA sequence) (Animal having foreign DNA)
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
-z|=-n i i i- +| (+ nt-| || t =|i =-n i | +|+ -ti t|- t ~-+ =-n
i n-| + ln( -|i t|- t tn ~- <l-+ i- n =-n, i| +i n<< = -|( ( <||| +| -| +-
t nl++ ~-n i|| (LAB) -|n+ i|| < = <ti -- +i l+| n n<< +-| t ~| = -|- + ln(
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~| n |nii+| +i l+| +| = +|n|:== =l =i -|n+ i - +-| t :ni -|| |= = - -|- +i
l+| n |nii+| =-n i| ,|| ti +|| |-| t +il| -|| -|: ,|| -i + , |< ~|l< +| t-
-|| |-| t i||~| +| -| + ~-+ ~||l+ -|< (= nl++ ~-n (l=l+ ~-n -|| ~-+|tn| |--
l+( |- t , l-+| -| ~-+ ~| |l+ l+|~| n l+| |-| t ~-+ =-n i| +| -| ++ ll|--
(l-||l+ <| ( = l-l=ni-| -|: |-i t , l-+| -| ~-+ || n l+| |-| t l-|il|, -n|l-|
-|| ++||=i = =+n+ || + l-|| n (-i||l+ +| :-n|n l+| |-| t =| =|n| = |i ~l+ =n
= =-n i| +| -| ++ <l|- | n +| - -| + n|+ -| =+- t, l== n + - -+| n
=t|-| lnn-i t ln|- -|<- i|| (ln|-|-| |< ~lz|| +| ~|- + ln|- = (||=| -|- t
i||~| ,|| l-ln - := || = +| -| |ni| -||| n -| = |- + n l+| |-| t =-n i| ,|| t|l-+|+
+i| +| |i - l+| |-| t, l= l+| +| ''||+- |n'' +t- t ''||+- |n'' + =|-| +| -| ++ tn
+i| +| - +- n | l+( |- |n t|l-+|+ l||+- +i-|z|+| + -| +| +n + =+- t ~|+n
|=|l-+ - +| + ||- l+ - +| +i ~|z+-| c : t ~-+ -|| = t t|-| t l+ =-n i|
+| n- ++ lt- n ~-- nt-| ||- t
Microbes are very important component of life on earth. Not all microbes are pathogenic. Many mi-
crobes are very useful to human being. We use microbes and microbially derived products almost every day.
Bacteria called latic acid bacteria (LAB) grow in milk to Convert it into curd. The dough, which is used to make
bread, is fermented by yeast called saccharomyces cerevisiae. Certain dishes such as idli and dosa, are made
from dough fermented by microbes. Bacteria and fungi are used to impart particular texture, taste and flavour
to cheese. Microbes are used to produce industrial products like lactic acid, acetic acid and alcohol, which are
used in a variety of processes in the industry. Antibiotics like penicillin's produced by useful microbes are used
kill disease causing harmful microbes. Antibiotics have played a major role in controlling infectious diseases
like diphtheria. Whooping cough and pneumonia. For more than a hundred years, microbes are being used to
treat sewage (waste water) by the process of activated sludge formation and this helps in recycling of water in
nature. Methanogens produce methane (biogas) wile degrading plant waste. Biogas produced by microbes is
used as source of energy in rural areas. Microbes can also be used to kill harmful pests, a process called as
biocontrol. The biocontrol measures help us to avoid heavy use of toxic pesticides for controlling pests. There
is a head need these days to push for use of biofertilisers in place chemical fertilizers, it is clear from the diverse
uses human beings have put microbes to that they play an important role in the welfare of human society.
23. -= +il| +| -|n -|( | < = <ti -- +i l+| n n<< +-| t`
Name the bacteria which help conversion of mile into curd.
(A) =|:l + ~-n i|| (Citric acid bacteria)
(B) nl++ ~-n i|| (lactic acid bacteria)
(C) ~-+|tln+ i|| (Alcoholic bacteria) (D) i (yeast)
24. || = + l-n| | n l+= +| + =-ni =t|-| +- t `
Which type of molecule help in the formation of biogas.
(A) l||| (Virus) (B) i|| (Bacteria)
(C) i (Yeast) (D) -|: (Fungi)
25. ~| = -|- +i l+| n +| - =| =-ni |nii+| n n<< +-| t`
Which microbe helps in process of fermentation during bread formation from flour
(A) ln|-|- (Methanogens)
(B) n+|l=n= (Lacto Bacillus)
(C) =+|n|:== =l=i (Sacchromyces cerevisiae)
(D) -|: (Fungai)
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Bio-[ 40 ]
SECTION([k.M)II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
Q. No. 1 to 11 are short answer typs questions. Each questions carries 3 marks. 11 2 = 22
1. =i| l|ln ~| --| l|ln n +| ~- t` -<|t| + =|| ln|`
What is the difference between upright pyramide and inverted pyramide. Explain it with example.
2. = +| + n +| +t| |-| t` n +| +|- =| || n l-n|| +-| t`
Why is apple alled a false fruit? Which part of the flower forms the fruit ?
3. (+ lz|z| +| +- =nt O t l< -=+ l-| +| +- =nt A -|| n|-| +| +- =n t B t| -| -|(
lz|z| + n|-|l-| +| i-||: +| t` --+ ~l|||+| +i ~- =--|-| +| =-||l- i-||: +| t||`
A Child has blood, group O. If the father has blood group A and the mother has blood group B. Work out the
genotypes of the parents and the possible genotype of the other offsprings.
4. ||= -+ +| =l-|-- n |- + (Discuss in brief the phosphorus cycle.)
5. i (- ( +i | |n| +| +n l-|= l---lnl|- t
5 ATC GAC TGACAGTCGATC 3 i(-( + + | |n| 5'8' l<z|| n ln|
If the sequence of one strand of DNA is written as follows.
5 ATC GAC TGACAGTCGATC 3
Write down the sequence of complementary strand in 5' 3' direction.
6. -+n|||n +| t` :=+i --| +i =l-|-- |- + (What is nucleosomes briefly describe its structure.)
7. z|| -z|ini <|~| + =- = t|- |n t|l-+|+ ||| + | n ln| (Write three harmful effects caused
by Drug abuse/Alcohol.)
8. l---lnl|- <| +| l||l|- +
(A) |||:=i (Biopiracy) (B) +n|l- (Cloning)
(C) l-+ni n| l|: ~| l--n (~- lz|+- | -l- i (i (= ~| | (Genetically modified Organism (GMO)
9. =n|- ~ +| t ` -<|t| =lt- -|( (What are homologous organs ? Give some examples.)
10. DNA ~ni |i +| t ` :=+ <| -| -|( (What is DNA fingerprinting ? State its two uses.)
11. l|= n- +| t ` :=+ ,|| l+= = --| +| l-n| | t| -| t ` (What is triple fusion ? Name the structure made by it.)
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. l+=i |ll|l-+i -| + =|i ~| +| |- + (Describe all the factors of an ecosystem.)
Or,
l+=i |ll|l-+i -| n +|- -+ +| |- + (Explain the carbon-cycle in an ecosystem.)
13. (+ - l-| ,|| (+ |l+ ~| -ii ~|n + ll|-- ||| +| <z||
With a neat diagram explain the 7 celled, 8 nucleate nature of the female gametophyte.
14. l---lnl|- l-|i ln| (Write Critical notes on the following.)
(A) |i+z|- (Eutropication) (B) i (- ( (DNA) (C) =til-| (Commensalism)
15. l-l+ :-il-l +| t` t n- +-|| + ln( += -|i t| =+-| t`
What is genetic engineering ? How can it work for human welfare ?
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Chem.-[ 1 ]
MODEL PAPER
d{kkXII
jlk;u'kkL= (CHEMISTRY)
=n | - ln- (~l-l+-| ] [ || +
z =-|i z- ~l-| t (All Questions are compulsory)
| I (SECTION-I)
- l-a z- (Objective)
| II (SECTION-II)
- l-a z- (Non-Objective)
:. + <i| --|i z-| n ~| -l+ l+- -|i l<( ( t ~| = z-| n -n l+-| n = l+=i (+ z- +|
ti --| <
. ||=-| =-|i z-| +| --| ~-i ti -|||| n <
. i-|| + <| |- +n+ n =lt- l+=i -|i -t +| :n +| l-+ = | (|| n| |:n, :|l<| +| | = || l - t
. -l-a vz-| +| --| l<( ( ~| (n ~| =i n -+- l+- +| -in | +|n - = i -t -| + <
(-<|t| + ln( l< --| (c) t| -| -in | +|n - = ( = l-l;- +
(a) (b) (Q) (d)
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Chem.-[ 2 ]
3. Subject / l|
i-|| :
OMR NO.
Instructions :
from top to bottom.
PEN ONLY.
like this.
A B C D A C D
A C D
A C D
Sheet.
l-< z|
1. =-|i vll| l< ||- -+ ti =iln- |
2. OMR --| | n vz- =| +nz| - = -i- +i ~| <i : t
3. --| +n +|n /-in |n -|: - ,|| l-l;- +
4. ~-| |n - |n +| -, i-|| +-: +| -|n OMR --| | =
l-l< ||ni/||-| n / ln|
5. OMR --| | n l-|l- ||- ~-| -|n, t-|-|, l| i-||
+| l<-|+ +i l- +
6. ~- --| + | +| | = v|c +- t( l-l;- +
=ti ll n- ll|
A B C D A C D
A C D
A C D
7. OMR --| | +| - n| ~|| -= t|-t| l-; - n|(
8. - l< l-< z|| +| |n- - l+( |- +i l|l- n --| || +|
n-|+- +-| +la- t|| (= n --i +i <l = l+=i -|i v+|
+i -|l- +| l-n<| +n i-|||i t| |
7. Roll Code/ |n +|
b b b b
c c c c
d d d d
e e e e
f f f f
g g g g
h h h h
i i i i
k k k k
7. Roll Code/ |n +|
b b b b
c c c c
d d d d
e e e e
f f f f
g g g g
h h h h
i i i i
k k k k
1. A B C D
2. A B C D
3. A B C D
4. A B C D
5. A B C D
6. A B C D
7. A B C D
8. A B C D
9. A B C D
10. A B C D
11. A B C D
12. A B C D
13. A B C D
14. A B C D
15. A B C D
16. A B C D
17. A B C D
18. A B C D
19. A B C D
20. A B C D
21. A B C D
22. A B C D
23. A B C D
24. A B C D
25. A B C D
26. A B C D
27. A B C D
28. A B C D
29 I. A B C D
II. A B C D
III. A B C D
IV. A B C D
30 I. A B C D
II. A B C D
III. A B C D
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Chem.-[ 3 ]
SECTION([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. [Ni(CO)
4
] n l-+n +i ~| +=i+| =| t (The oxidation state of Nickel in [Ni(CO)
4
] is :)
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 0 (d) 2
2. l--- n l+=+| |
R
R
C = O
=
R
R
CH
2 + ~+| n -| -ti t|-| t
Which one of the following cannot be used for the reduction of
R
R
C = O
to
R
R
CH
2
(A) +ninz|- l-l+| (Clemmensen) (B) l-l+| (Wurtz Reaction)
(C) |- l+z|- l-l+| (Wolf-Kishner reaction ) (D) HI/n|n P (HI/red P)
3. l< l==- < t ~| l=- n|n a|= t - +|n|: |-| |-| t
If dispersed phase is liquid and dispersion medium is solid, the colloid is known as:-
(a) =| n (A Sol) (b) n (A gel) (c) :nn=- (An emulsion) (d) |n (A foam)
4. l---lnl|- n = +|- =|-+ tn+ -ti t (Which of the following is not a condensation polymer :)
(A) n|:n (Glyptal ) (B) -|:n|- (Nylon 6, 6)
(C) |:+|- (Dacron ) (D) PTFE
5. n NaOH + ||n = Cl
2
= l-l+| + -|-| t (The reaction of Cl
2
with hot NaOH gives)
(A) NaCl, NaClO
3
(B) NaCl (C) NaCl, NaOCl (D) NaClO
3
6. |n +n +i l-l+| + ln( l||+ +i :+|: t|-i t
The unit of rate constant of First order reaction is
(A) =n

(Time
-1
) (B) n| n ni
=+
(Mole litre
-1
sec
-1
)
(C) ni n|n
=+
(Litre mole
-1
sec
-1
) (D) ni n|n
=+ (Litre mole
-1
sec )
7. CHI
3
+ (-i=-i+ l+| +| +|| t (The antiseptic action of CHI
3
is due to )
(A) ~|:| |n (Iodoform)
(B) ~|| i- n+- t|+ l-+n-| (Liberation of free iodine)
(C) ~|lz|+ ~||i- ~| ~|lz|+ ~|| |n (Partially due to iodine and partially due to CHI
3
itself)
(D) :-n = +|: -ti (None of these)
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Chem.-[ 4 ]
8. l---lnl|- n = +| - =| =|- +| -| t|=i + ln( t|-| t (Which of the following chemicals are used as
anaesthetic)
(A) CCl
4
(B) (C) CHCl
3
(D)
9. i l-n ~- | l+ n - -+i ~|| | 1.73 B.M. <lz| - +-| t i l-n +| ~| +=i+| = | := | l+ n +| t (Tita-
nium shows magnetic moment of 1.73 B.M in its compound. What is the oxidation number of Ti in the compound.)
(A) +1 (B) +4 (C) +3 (D) +2
10. ln||:n (ni- +| -|| | =+-| t (Methylamine can be prepared by :)
(A) l-l+| (Wurtz reaction ) (B)|:n +|+ l-l+| (Friedel- crafts reaction)
(C) t| n-= |n|: l-l+| (Hofmanns bromamide reaction)
(D) +nin-=- l-l+| (Clemmension reaction)
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|- (Statement)I : | +=|: ( - lnl-n +| ~+ t| -| t (Bauxite is an ore of aluminium.)
+|- (Statement)II: | +=|: +| =| Al
2
O
3
t|-| t ( The formula of bauxite is Al
2
O
3
)
12. +|- (Statement)I : +n||| n AgNO
3
+ =|| AgCl +| =< ~-| -ti <-| t (Chloroform does not give
white ppt. of AgCl with AgNO
3)
+|- (Statement)II : CHCl
3
n n +- +n|i- -ti t| -| t (CHCl
3
does not contains free chlorine.)
13. +|- (Statement)I : =-|i ~+ |l- t|- t (All ores are minerals.)
+|- (Statement)II : =-|i |l- ~+ t|- t (All minerals are ore.)
14. +|- (Statement)I : ltn| + n ~-n- ~| = | t| -| t (Depression in freezing-point is a colligative property)
+|- (Statement)II : +|-|+ n ---- ~|= | t|-| t (Elevation in boiling point is a colligative property.)
15. +|- (Statement)I : n|t| -n | n z|i| =-||l- t|-| t (Iron get corroded readily in moist air.)
+|- (Statement)II : := l+| +i n+- -| -|n+ t|-i t (Free energy of the process is positive.)
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. |n|n|: |l- n || |-| t (Dolamite mineral contains.)
(A) Mg (B) Al (C) Ca (D) K
17. -|:n +n||: +| l+== +n|i-i+| + ,|| | n:- = - | l+| |-| t
Benzyl chloride can be prepared from toluene by chlorination with.
(A) SO
2
Cl
2
(B) SOCl
2
(C) Cl
2
(D) Naocl
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Chem.-[ 5 ]
18. l---lnl|- n +| - +|n|: t (Which of the following are colloids?)
(A) < (Milk) (B) ~|:=+in (Ice-cream) (C) l| ln- (Urea solution) (D) +- (Blood)
IV. vz- = | = :: -+ + <| ---|-II = =ti l+- - -+ ---|-I + =|| z|<| +| =ti lnn|- +
19. l-| ~l-|+n+ (Grignard reagent) (A) Protective colloid
20. l| - (Freon) (B) R Mg X
21. :n-z|- (Emulsion) (C) CF
2
Cl
2
22. lnl- (Gelatin) (D) Milk
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
l+=i ~l-|l+| +i +| l -- =|-< | <| +| | t| -i t l- || l+ = ~l-|l+| |-l+- l--| +-| t
~l-|l+| +i +| l z| -, || + | -||i t| =+-i t (Order of the reactioni is the sum of concentration terms on which
the rate of a reaction actually depends as observed experimentally. Order can be zero, whole number or in fraction.)
23. (+ ~l-|l+| + l||+ +i :+|: ~l-|l+| + + =n|- t ~l-|l+| +i +|l t
In a reaction the units of rate constant are equal to the rate of reaction. The order of reaction is.
(A) z|- +|l (Zero order) (B) |n +|l (First order)
(C) l,-i +|l (Second order) (D) <n (+||+ (Pseudo unimolecular)
24. ~l-|l+| 2NO + O
2
2NO
2
+ ln( l||+ +i :+|: t (In the reaction 2NO + O
2
2NO
2
the unit of
rate constant is.)
(A) MoIL
1
S
1
(B) Mol
1
LS
1
(C) bar
1
S
1
(D) Lit
2
Mol
2
Sec
1
25. <n (+||+ ~l-|l+| +i -<|t| t (One example of pseudo unimolecular reaction.)
(A) H
2
+ Cl
2
2HCl (B) CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
+ H
2
O
H
+
CH
3
COOH + C
2
H
5
OH
(C) CH
3
CHO CH
4
+ CO (D) 2NO + O
2
2NO
2
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. tni+| +| l-||l|- +il( (Define Polymerization.)
2. l---lnl|- =+n| n +-< i |- ~|- +i -=t=|- =| +| t ` (What is the co-ordination number of the
central metal ions in the following complexes ?)
(i) K
2
[Ni (CN)
4
] (ii) [Co (NH
3
)
6
] Cl (iii) [Ag (CN)
2
]
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Chem.-[ 6 ]
3. ||ln+, l,-i+ -|| - -i+ (-+|t| n +| t|- t ` + +| (+ -<|t| <il(
What are primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols? Give one example of each.
4. l---lnl|- + :n+ | l-+ l-|= lnl|(: (Write down the electronic configuration of )
(i) Cr
3+
(ii) Cu
+
(iii) Mn
2+
5. =|-| +i ~-|| =znl|- ~n|+ l+= +| ~l+ ~-| t`
How are synthetic detergents better than soaps ?
6. +|l+ =|| + 4 |n (~|-|| = 40) +| n n ||n+ 200 cm
3
ln- -|| | ln- +i n|n-| a|- +il(
4g of caustic soda (molar mass = 40) is dissolved in water and the solution is made to 200 cm
3
. Calculate the
molarity of the solution.
7. l---|l+- =|l-+ l-l+| ~| +| | + (Complete the following chemical reactions:-)
(i) Ca
3
P
2
+ 6H
2
O _________ + _________
(ii) 6XeF
4
+ 12 H
2
O _________ +________+________
8. l---lnl|- |l+| + ~|:i(=i -|n lnl|( (Write I.U.P.A.C. name of the following compounds.)
(i) (CH
3
)
2
CHNH
2
(ii) CH
3
(CH
2
)
2
NH
2
(iii) C
6
H
5
CH
2
NH
2
9. Give one example of a neutral amino acid. Why is it neutral in nature.
(+ -<|l=- ( ni-| ~-n +| -|n ln| t +| -<|=i- t| -| t
10. D-++| +| -| ac +| nia| +- n t|-| t nl+- n + ln( -ti, +| `
Why D-fructose used for sweetening cold drink but not hot ones ?
11. ~|+ l- -l-- -+ +| =|<|t| || + (Explain shape selectivity catalyst with a suitable example.)
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. ~n|l-| +| ~||l+, -|<- += l+| |-| t`
How is ammonia manufactured industrially?
Or,
(A) NH
3
t|: |- - -|-i t, -- PH
3
-ti -|-i +|`
Why does NH
3
from hydrogen bond but PH
3
does not?
(B) t n|- n ~| +=i+|+ +| t|- t `
Why are halogens strong oxidizing agents ?
13. l-| ~l-|+n+ +| t|-| t` l-| ~l-|+n+ = l--- +i l+| t|- +| -|<- |-- t|- t`
What is Grignard reagent ? What are the products formed when Grignard reagent react with.
(A) -||nln|t|: (Formaldehyde) (B) (=i|- (Acetone)
Or,
l---|l+- +| ll-- l+= +| l+| |-| t
Convert the following
(A) (=il+ ~-n = (=i|- (Acetic acid to acetone)
(B) (=ilni- = (=il+ ~-n (Acetylene to acetic acid)
(C) -|:+ ~-n = -l-t|: (Benzoic acid to Benzaldehyde)
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Chem.-[ 7 ]
14. (A) 298 K 0.020 M KCl ln- +i -|n+-| 0.248 S cm
1
t :=+i n|n-|n+-| +| l+n- +il(
The Specifit onductivity of 0.020 M solution of KCl at 298 K is 0.0248 S cm
1
Calculate its molar
cunductivity.
(B) ~l+ni < +| l-||l|- +il( ~l+ni a|=| + + -<|t| <il(
Define the term a morphous Give a few examples of amorphous solids.
15. l---lnl|- +i || +
Account for the following:-
(a) PCl
5
--| t nl+- NCl
5
-ti
PCl
5
is known but NCl
5
is not known.
(b) |i ~|| n =- |--+i t
Sulphur in the vapour state exhibits paramagnetism.
(c) +n|i- +n -1 ~|+=i+| ~|| <lz|- +-| t l+ <= tn|- +1, +3, +5 ~| +7
Fluorine exhibits only -1 oxidation state whereas other halogens exhibit +1, +3, +5 and +7 oxidation state.
(d) ~l+ = +n +n|i- ~| ~| +=i- + =|| |l+ -|-| t
Noble gases form compounds with fluorine and oxygen only.
(e) +n|i- ,|| n| +| l+ ||: t l+ SO
2
,|| ~||i, +|`
Bleaching of flowers by chlorine is permanent while that by sulphur dioxide is temporary why?
ANSWERS (mkj) )
SECTI ON ([k.M)I :OBJECTI VE (oLrq fu"B 'u )
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (D) 5. (A)
6. (A) 7. (B) 8. (C) 9. (C) 10. (C)
11. (C) 12. (A) 13. (C) 14. (B) 15. (C)
16. (A), (C) 17. (A), (C) 18. (A), (D) 19. (B) 20. (C)
21. (D) 22. (A) 23. (A) 24. (D) 25. (B)
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Chem.-[ 8 ]
SECTION ([k.M )II
1. tni+| (+ |-| t l=n <| | <| = Polymer ~l+ || ~| ~|= n + ~| +| l-n| | +- t
:= l-n| | + +n n H
2
O or HCl ~| +| -= - t| -|i =+-| t -ti -|i ~| +| tn+ -|| | ~| +| (+n+
+t- t =
( )
2 2
n CH CH =
(+n+
--| ( <|
- +

( )
2 2
n
CH CH
tn +
n(CH CH)
2
n( CH CH)
2 n
(+n+ tn+
Cl Cl
Polymerisation is a process in which macro molecule is formed as a union of smaller molecules with or without
elimination of a molecule like H
2
O, HCl simaller molecule is known as monomers. and bigger one is polymer.
( )
2 2
n CH CH
ethylene
(monomer)
=
High tempadpresm
Catalyst

( )
2 2
n
CH CH
(Polymer Opolyethylene)
n(CH CH)
2
n( CH CH)
2 n
mononer Pve
Cl Cl
2. (a) = 4 (b) = 6 (c) 2
.
R
(H)
CH OH, CH OH, CH CH OH, CH CH CH OH
2 3 3 2 3 2 2
R
R
CH OH CHOH,
CH
3
CH
3
CHOH,
CH
3
CH
3
R''
R'
C OH COH,
CH
3
CH
3
COH,
C H
2 5
R
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
COH,
C H
3 2
C H
2 5
CH
3
In Case of 2 and 3 R = R' R'' or R
R'
R''
4. (A) Cr
3+
1S
2
, 2S
2
, 2P
6
, 3S
2
, 3P
6
, 3d
3
(B) Cu
+
1S
2
, 2S
2
, 2P
6
, 3S
2
, 3P
6
, 3d
10
(C) M
n
2+
1S
2
, 2S
2
, 2P
6
, 3S
2
, 3P
6
, 3d
5
5. =|- +i -n-| n =znl|- l +| |t l-n n- l+| n >a t|-| t =|- +i -n-| n =znl|- l | +
n|-| l---- t (i) ~-ni, n|n n =|- n+- ~-n| n n ~|l- t| |- t nl+- =znl|- l | +| |
~-ni n|n n l+| | =+-| t (ii) =|- +| | +a| n n -ti l+| | =+-| t, l+ +a| n n -|i
l- ~=|-i = +- l+| |-| t (iii) =|- |:ln t t| l- -ti t ~- <|| +| =n| t-| t
Soap is a good cleaning agent and is 100% biodegradable Hence does, not creat any pollution problems.
Disadvantage (i) Soap may not be used in hard water since calcium and Magnesium ion present in hard water
produce crude white ppt of calcium (ii) Soap can not be used in acidic solutions since acid precipitate the
insoluble free fatty acids which adhere lo the fabrics and thus block the ability of soap to remove oil and grease
from fabrics.
Where as in detergents, there is only one disadvantage which are not completely biodegredable.
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Chem.-[ 9 ]
6. 1000 cc 40gm N Solution Approach-2
1000 cc 4 gm N/10 Solution Calculation-1
200cc 4gm
N
5
10
=
N
2
Ans
7. (i) Ca
3
P
2
+ 6H
2
O 3Ca (OH)
2
+ 2PH
3
(ii) 6XeF
4
+ 12H
2
O 4Xe +2XeO
3
+ 24 HF + 3O
2
8. (A) CH CHNH
3 2
CH
3
Methylethanamine (B)CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
NH
2
Propanamine
(C) C
6
H
5
CH
2
NH
2
Bezylamine
9. n|:=i- (+ -<|=i- (ni-| ~-n t (H
2
N CH
2
- COOH (Glycine is a neutral amino acid H
2
N CH
2
- COOH)
t -<|l=- t +|l+ :=n =n|- = | n ~-ni COOH =nt ~| =i+ NH
2
=nt t
It is neutral because it contains equal number of acidic COOH and basic NH
2
group.
10. +||:|-| nia|= t, | |-| + =|| =|-||| n t-| t ~l+ -| =|- +n nia|= |n |-| +i
~| ~=|l- t| |-| t (The sweeter form is fructopyranose on high temperature causes a shift in the
equilibrium towards less sweet furanose. )
-||:-| (Pyranose)

+|-| (Furanose)
11. - +i l-l+| | l--| +-| t |n - + +i =--| ~| l-+|+ -|| l-n +i ~|l+ ~|+| , ~|+l-
-l-- -+ +tn|-| t l|n|: ~|+ l- -l-- -+ t +|l+ :=+| t-i+|- (+|i| =--| t ZSM-5 +|
-| ln|-| n = =|ni- ( | n| <n- n l+| |-| t
The catalytic reaction that depends upon the pour structure of catalyst and molecular size of the reactant and
product is called shape selective catalyst.
Zeolites are shape selective catalyst due to their honey-comb structure. ZSM-5 in used to convert methanol
into gasoline (Petrol)
12. ~n|l-| ~| n -|: | - ~| t|: | - + i- l-+||n+-|| n ~-- +| n|- :--| ~l+ t| -| t l== t|: | -
-- ~|=|-i = - |-| t l+ |i- n t |- -ti t
In Case of NH
3
, there is sufficient electronegative. difference between N and H for the formation of hydrogen
bond where as the electronegativaty difference, between P and H is very less.
Or,
(A) CH
3
COOH + Ca(OH)
2

(CH COO) Ca
3 2
drydistallation
CH CO CH + CaCO
3 3 3
CH CH
( ) 0
4
3 3
2 4
1% HgSO
CH CHO CH COOH
20% H SO
COOH
PCl
5
COCl
+ H
2
Pd/BaSO
4
Rose mund Reduction
CHO
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Chem.-[ 10 ]
(B) tn|- ~|+=i+|+ t +|l+ -=+| ~- :n+ |l-| +| n|- --- t|-| t | tn|- ~|=|-i = <= <|||
= :n+ | - i+| +-| t (Halogen is oxidising agent because of its high reduction potential or Halogens
rechadily accept electron from other substanses.)
13.
H-C = O + RMgX HCR RCOH + Mg (OH)X
|
H
|
H
|
H
H O/H
2
+
O/MgX
|
R
Mg(OH)X
H O/H
2
+
C = O + RM X g
+ Mg(OH)X
all the step should be mentioned.
Step I 1 marks
II 1 marks
}in each case
14. (A) m =
1000L
C
Where L = Specific conductivity C = Concentration
=
2 1
1000 0.0248 248
1245 cm mol
0.2 2
= =
Formula = 2 marks Calculation = 1 marks
(B) ~l+ni <|| ~l+ni a|= <|| t|- t l-+ ~i +|| (n||~| -|| ~|-|| +| +|:
l-lz-- -|ln-i l-|= -ti t|-| t = +|-, l=-+|, -n|l+ ~|l<
Solid which unlike crystalline solid, do not have an ordered arrangement of their constituent atom or ion,
but have disorder or random arrangement are called amorphous solid .
Example : Ordinary glass, Rubber, Silca, Plastic.
15. (a) Nitrogen can not extend its valence from 3 to 5 due to absence of d-orbital while phosphorous shows
pentavalence as d-orbital are present in its valence shell.
(b) In vapour State (~1000k), Sulphur partly exists as S
2
molecule like O
2
has two unpaired electrons in the
anti-bounding molecular orbital and exhibits Paramagnetism.
(c) Electronic Configuration of fluorine is 1s
2
2s
2
2p
x
2
2p
y
2
2p
z
1
. It has only one orbital half filled and no d-orbital.
The orbital cannot be unpaired. Being highly electronegative, it shows only -1 oxidation state as it saturates
its valence shell by accepting one electron.
In all other halogen d-orbital are present and ns and p orbital can be unpaired and the electrons are
accommodated in d-orbitals, i.e. showing +3, +5 and +7 oxidation states.
(d) It is because F
2
and O
2
are the best oxidizing agents :
(e) In presence of moisture, chlorine acts as an oxidizing agent and a bleaching agent
Cl
2
+ H
2
O HCl + HOCl
Unstable
HOCl HCl + O (Nascent oxygen)
Coloured mater +O Colourless matter.
The bleaching action is permanent due to nascent oxygen. Bleaching action of SO
2
in presence of moisture
is due to nascent hydrogen. 2SO
2
+ 2H
2
OH
2
SO
4
+2H
Coloured matter +H colourless matter.
Therefore bleaching action of SO
2
is temporary.
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Chem.-[ 11 ]
SECTION([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. l+n n =||l- ~|+|z|i |n+ + l+-- +| t` (How many kind of space lattices are possible in a crystal.)
(A) 23 (B) 7 (C) 230 (D) 14
2. +t|=| +|n|:i ln- +| +|- -<|t| t` (Fog is an example of colloidal solution of.)
(A) l-|| n|n = n < l-|l- t (Liquid dispersed in gas)
(B) l-|| n|n = n = l-|l- t (Gas dispersed in gas)
(C) l-|| n|n = n a|= l-|l- t (Solid dispersed in gas)
(D) l-|| n|n < n a|= l-|l- t (Solid dispersed in liquid)
3. | +| l- l-<- l-n =l- t (Fardays laws of Electrolysis are related to)
(A) |-|- + n|| =| = (Atomic No. of the cation)
(B) +||- + n|| =| = (Atomic no. of the cation)
(C) - ~|- + =n-- || = (Equivalent weight of electrolyte)
(D) |-|- + = (Speed of cation)
4. +| - tn -|i (i||l+ t (A broad spectrum antibiotic is.)
(A) ||l=|n|n (Paracetamol) (B) -=iln- (Peniciline)
(C) (=ii- (Aspirin) (D) +n|(-i=i-| n (Chloramphenicol)
5. ~l+ n||| n - ~|+ +| +|n|: n l-+|n- t , - t
When excess of an electrolyte is added to a colloid it
(A) n || (Coagulates) (B) ln t| || (gets diluted)
(C) ~-| - || (Precipitates) (D) +|: l-- -ti t|| (does not change)
6. ~|tl-= =ni+| (In Arhenius Equation,) exp
Eo
K A A
RT

=

+| l||+ +t =+- t (may be termed as
rate constant at)
(A) t- l--- -| (very low temperature) (B) l| -| (Constant temperature)
(C) z|- =l+| -| (Zero activation energy)
(D) ~l|l+| ln>| + ~--|+ (Boiling temperature of the reaction mixture)
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Chem.-[ 12 ]
7. l---lnl|- n +|- ||--+i t (Which is paramagnetic in the following )
(A) Zn
+2
(B) Cu
+2
(C) Sc
+3
(D) Mn
+2
8. -|: |- |tn|: -ti -|-| t +|l+ (Nitrogen doesnot form pentahalide because)
(A) ~|+| || t (Its size is small)
(B) :=+| ~|-- l| ~l+ t (Its ionisation energy is high )
(C) :=n d ~|ln -ti t (No d orbital is available)
(D) :=+| En ~l+ t (Its En is high.)
9. K
+
ion l+=+| ~|:=|:n+ | l-+ t (K
+
ion is isoeletronic with)
(A) Na
+
(B) Ne (C) Ar (D) Cs
+
10. =|ln t|: |~| +=|: ~l+ n||| n Zn = l-l+| + -|-| t
Excess of sodium hydroxide react with Zn to form
(A) ZnH
2
(B) Na
2
ZnO
2
(C) Zno (D) Zn(OH)
2
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|-I : - + +i -l|l- n ~l||ni (forward) ~| l-|ni (backward) ~l|l+| +| + t< -+ c |-| t
+|-II : ~l||ni ~| l-||i <|-| ~l|l+| +| =l+| -| + t< -+ +n t| |-| t
Statement-I : The presence of a catalyst increases the speed of the forward and backward reaction to the same
extent.
Statement-II : Activation energies for both the forward and backward reaction is lowered to the same
extent.
12. +|-I : KMnO
4
(+ i- |l+ t
+|-II : KMnO
4
+| ~|z| |-|--| + +|| t|-| t
Statement-I : KMnO
4
is a coloured compound.
Statement-II : Colour of KMnO
4
is due to charge transfer.
13. +|-I : +-+n <|| + +||, l+ni a|= + |- +|: || -ti -| t
+|-II : +-+n <|| n |-|| ~| +|||, l+n +| -ti |-| t
Statement-I : Due to Frenkel defect there is no effect on the density of the crystalline solid.
Statement-II : In Frenkel defect no anion or cation leaves the crystal.
14. +|-I : = -n l-l+| n |(-| l-n n| +| +| |- + =|| n +- t `
+|-II : =-n l-l+| -| nn+ n+l--n + ,|| t|-| t
Statement-I : In Sandmeyer reaction diazonium salt is heated with Cu power.
Statement-II : Sandmeyer's reactin occurs by a free radical mechanism.
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Chem.-[ 13 ]
15. +|-I : | |= +| |t n|: t|-| t l+ -|: |- +| -ti t|-| t
+|-II : | |= +| l- +||n+-| -|: |- = +n t|-| t
Statement-I : Pentahalides of phosphorus are known but not those of nitrogen.
Statement-II : Phosphorus has lower electronegativity than nitrogen.
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. nlt|: = =l- +|- l---lnl|- +|- = t (Which of the following statements are true about
benzaldehyde)
(A) t | n-= l-+| +| ~+ - +-| t (It reduces Tollen's reagent)
(B) t +l-|i l-l+| <-| t (It undergoes Cannizzaro reaction)
(C) t (-| n =|-- <-| t (It undergoes Aldol condensation)
(D) t =|ln |:=-|: (+ -|-| t (It forms sodium bisulphite adduct)
17. B. C. C. l- =n + | n =ti t (What is true about B. C. C. unit cell.)
(A) l- =n n n|| =| <| t (Number of atom in unit cell is 2)
(B) l- =n n n|| =| -| t (Number of atom in unit cell is 4)
(C) l- =n n +-< (+ n|| (In addition to an atom at the centre of the body in the unit cell, there are
eight atoms at eight corners.)
(D) :-n =|i (All of these)
18. RCONH
2
+i l-l+| Br
2
( KOH + ln>| = +|- RNH
2
n| l-n -|-| t := l-l+| n :lnl
=+- t-| t (Reaction of RCONH
2
with a mixture of Br
2
and KOH gives RNH
2
as the main product. The
intermediates involved in the reaction are.)
(A) RCONHBr (B) R N = C = O (C) RCONBr
2
(D) RNHBr
19. ln| -n (Philosphors Wool) (A) AgNO
3
20. n- +|l+ (Lunar Caustic) (B) PbO
21. +n|nn (Calomel) (C) ZnO
22. ln|| (Litharge) (D) Hg
2
Cl
2
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
ln||:n l+|-i+ +i -l|l- +i |- KOH | NaOH = -|| +i -l|l- n l
2
= +i |-i t :=
ll|l- n tn |~|:| l+|- l-n --| t | n|z| + |< ~-- ~|:|| n -|-| t ~l-t|: +i |-,
| n-= l-+|+ + =|| | -|<i <| -|-| t -|| tln ||n + =|| | +| (| ~| +=|: +| n|n ~-| <-|
t , = +i |-i t | n+= l-+|+ (ln l+ ( (|nl+ ~l-t|: <|-| +| ~| +=i+ - + <-| t - tln ||n
+n (lnl+ ~l-t|: +| ~| +=i+ - +-| t
The presence of the methyl ketonic group is tested with l
2
in presence of an alkali like NaOH or KOH.
Under these conditions, the product trioidoketone first formed hydrolyses to give iodoform finally. Aldelyde
group is tested by Tollen's reagent which gives silver mirror or by Fehling solution which gives red precipitate of
Cu (I) oxide. Tollen's reagent oxidises both aliphatic and aromatic aldehyde but Fehling solution oxidises alliphatic
aldehyde only.
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Chem.-[ 14 ]
23. +|- ~|:|| n |- <| ` (Which will give iodoform test.)
(A)
O
CH
3
C CH C CH
2 3
||
O
||
(B)
O
CH
3
C C CH
3
||
O
||
(C)
O
CH
3
C OH
||
(D)
O
CH
3
C Cl
||
24. tln ||n ~| +=i+ - -ti +|
Fehling solution will not oxidise
(A) CHO (B)
CH CH
3
OH
|
(C) CH
2
CHO (D) HCHO
25. ~l-t|: tln ln- + =|| <| (Aldehyde will give with Fehling solution. |
(A) -n| ~-| (White precipitate) (B) n|n ~-| (Red precipitate)
(C) t| ~-| (Green precipitate) (D) -in| ~-| (Blue precipitate)
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. t|:|||= ~-n ~+|+ t l+ ||l+ ~-n -ti, || +
Explain, hypophosphorous acid acts as a reducing agent but phosphoric acid does not.
2. NO
3
( =--|n+ = += l|-- t
How do NO
3
and PO
3
differ structurally ?
3. ~| +=i- +| ~| =| O
2
t l+ =- +| S
8,
|| +
Explain oxygen molecule has formala O
2
but sulphur is S
8
.
4. NaCl n |=i ~|- + i- ~--|l|+i <i 0.282 nm ( a|= NaCl +| |- 2.17 10
3
Kg/m
3
t -| (|< |
=| (l||+| +i |-| + (Calculate the value of Avogadro constant from the internuclear distance of
adjacent ion in NaCl is 0.282 nm and the density of soild NaCl formula units is 2.17 10
3
kg/m
3
)
5. l---|l+- n|l|+ :n+ | l| 25C l<( ( t
From the following standard electrode potentials at 25C. Cu
2+
+ 2e = Cu, E = + 0.34 V Cu
2+
+ e = Cu
+
, E = + 0.15 V
=ni+| Cu + Cu
2+
= 2Cu
+
+ ln( =|- l|| + +i |-| +
Calculate the equilibrium constant of the reaction Cu + cu
2+
= 2Cu
+
6. |n +n + l-l+| + ln( < l--|+ +| =ni+| |-- + -|| =|l- + l+ :=+i ~ ~| |l|+ =|<|
l-| -ti +-i t (Derive an equation for the rate constant of a first order reaction and show that its half
life is independent of initial concentration.)
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Chem.-[ 15 ]
7. (| =- ~|:=||= +| t ` |=|l-+ (|=- n tn (|=- c-| t ~| - |-| t, +| ` || +
What are adsorption isobars? In case of chemical adsorption, explain why adsorption first increases and then
decreases.
8. l---lnl|- =ni+|| +| | + (Complete the following reactions.)
(a) XeF
4
+ H
2
O (b) l
2
+ S
2
O
3
2
(c) PCl
3
+ H
2
O
9. || + |t| n Ni (II) +-n+== ||n -i+ t|-| t - +| -n- Ni (II) +-n+== |n-l+ t|-| t
Explain tetrahedral Ni (II) complexes are Paramagnetic but squaire planar Ni (II) complexes are diamagnetic.
10. += ll- - + (How would you convert)
(a) (l=l+ ~-n +| ln||:n |n|: n (Acetic acid to methyl bromide)
(b) :||:n +n||: +| - n (Ethyl chloride to butane)
(c) (l-ln- +| |n| l- n (Aniline to bromobenzene)
11. l---|l+- =ni+| +| | +
Complete the following reactions
(a)
2
3 2
I NaOH
CH CH OH
+
(b) ( )
2
3 3
3
HI H O
CH OC CH
+

vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. +|tn| l-n +| l||l|- + :=+i n<< = (i) l-n :n+ |n|: +i +i |-| + (ii) l-n :n+ |n|: +|
l|- +| +n (l i| l-+|n
Define kohlrausch's law. How does it help in (a) Calculation of
for a weak electrolyte and (b) degree of

dissociation of a weak electrolyte ?
13. |-- + l-n --z|in ( ~--z|in |- <||| + ln( ln| ~| || + ~|<z| ~|-| = -|n+ l-n-
+i || -l-- -<|t| ( | + =|| +
State and explain Roult's law for volatile and nonvolatile solute. Explain the positive deviation from ideal behaviour
with proper example and graph.
14. tni+| +| t ` |z|in tni+| ( =|-- tni+| < +i l|||| ( || (+(+ -<|t| + =|| +
What is polymerisation ? Define and explain the term-Addition polymerisation and condensation polymerisation
with one example each.
15. (a) n|-|=+|: = +| t` l+= +| i+ - l+ |- t
What are monosaccharides ? How are they classified ?
(b) || ++| n+| ~| +|:n -|-| t - n+| |(l= -ti
Explain why glucose forms an oxime but glucosepentaacetate does not.
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Chem.-[ 16 ]
SECTION([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. l< :n+ |n|:l+ ln- +| -| || -- + l<| | -| -=+| ++-=
If an electronic solution is diluted to 9 times then its conductance
(A) -||| c |(| (increases by 9 times)
(B) -||| | |(| (decreases by 9 times)
(C) ~ll- - t| (remains constant)
(D) :-n = +|: -ti (None of these)
2. ++ -= = n n n <| -| Pt-:n+ | 1.5 +i <i t l+ + :n+ | +| +|==+=-n -||n 0.75 cm
2
t =n l--|+ +| t `
The two electrodes of Pt fitted in a conductance cell are 1.5 cm apart while the cross - sectional area of each
electrode is 0.75 cm
2
. What is cell constant ?
(A) 0.2 cm
1
(B) 0.5 cm
1
(C) 2.0 cm
1
(D) 1.125 cm
1
3. l,-i +n l-l+| +i < 3 10
5
mol L
1
5
1
t < l--|+ (K) +| t |l|+ =|-<| 0.2 mol L
1
t
The rate of second order reaction is 3 10
5
mol L
1
5
1
. What is the rate consant K, when the initial concen-
tration is 0.2 mol L
1
.
(A) 1.5 10
4
(B) 7.5 10
4
(C) 7.5 10
3
(D) 1.5 10
3
4. AlCl
3
+ ||n = 1 n| n Al +| n| t|- n l- +i ~|z+-| t|i`
The amount of electricity required to deposite 1 mole of Al from a solution of AlCl
3
will be
(A) 0.33 F (B) F
(C) 3F (D) 1 (-i (1 Ampere)
5. nl++ ~-n n +|:n +|- +i =| t
The no of chiral carbon in Lactice aid is.
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 1 (D) 3
6. l---lnl|- n = l+=+| nz|||| -i-| = t||
Which can readily undergo dehydration.
(A) CH
3
OH (B) C
6
H
5
OH (C) (CH
3
)
3
COH (D) CH
3
COOH
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Chem.-[ 17 ]
7. -|~|n +n||: +| Pd/BaSO
4
+i -l|l- n ~+| +- = --| t
The reduction of Benzoyl chloride with Pd and BoSO
4
produces.
(A) -|~|n +n||: (Benzoyl chloride) (B) -n +n||: (Benzal chloride)
(C) -|:+ ~-n (Benzoic Acid) (D) - +- n +|: -ti (None of above)
8. +| ||: +| =| t (The formula of copperpyrite is )
(A) Cu
2
S (B) CuFeS (C) CuFeS
2
(D) Cu
2
FeS
2
9. l---lnl|- n +|- == ~l+ ~-ni t (Which the following is most acidic)
(A) H
2
O (B) CH
3
OH
(C) C
2
H
5
OH (D) CH
3
(CH
2
)
2
CH
2
OH
10. ~|l+ =| C
2
Br ClFI n l+-- ~|:=|n t|
The number of isomers of the compound with moleculars formula C
2
Br ClFI is
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|-I : |-|n+ -+ l-l+| +i < +| c|-| t
+|-II : -+ G + n|- +| ||-| t
Statement-I : Positive catalysis increases the rate of reactions.
Statement-II : Catalyst decreases the value of G.
12. +|-I : n|t| +| =|-< HNO
3
~+i -| <-| t
+|-II : n|t| HNO
3
l-l+| + l+ -|: -|-| t
Statement-I : Conc. HNO
3
makes passive.
Statement-II : Iron racets with HNO
3
to form feric nitrate
13. +|-I : =|i |-~| +| +|- ~+| ll = |-- -ti l+| | =+-| t
+|-II : +|- (+ n ~+|+ t, nl+- +|- ~| +=i- +i -n-| n |- = ~l+-t |-| t
Statement-I : All metals cannot be obtained by carbon reduction.
Statement-II : Carbon is very strong reaction agent, but oxygen may have less and with metals than carbon.
14. +|-I : ~+i = =|l-+ = ~+i t
+|-II : ~+i =| +i ~|l-+ -| ~l+ t|-i -|| :n+ | - -| z|- t|-i t
Statement-I : Inert gases are chemically inert.
Statement-II : I.E. of Inert gases is high and Elactron affinity is zero.
15. +|-I : --2-~|- ~| --3~|- +| ~|||n i-|| = t-|-| | =+-| t
+|-II : --2 ~|- ln||:n l+|- t nl+- --3 ~|- -ti
Statement-I : Pentan-2-one can be distinguished from pentan-3-one, by iodoform test
Statement-II : Pentan-2-one is a methyl ketone while pentan-3-one is not.
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Chem.-[ 18 ]
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. tn|| n l-|| +|- <-| t (Hologorm test is given by)
(A) :|-n (Ethanal) (B) |-| - (Propanone) (C) -| - (Butanone) (D) |-| n: (Propnol-2)
17. l---lnl|- n = +|- l- --+i t
Which of the following are diamagnetic.
(A)
( )
2
2
6
Ni H O
+

(B)
( )
2
4
Ni CN

(C)
( )
2
3
4
Zn NH
+

(D) ( )
3
3
6
Co NH
+

18. ||ln+, l,-i+ ~| - -i+ (ni- n l|< l+=+ l-l+| = + =+- t
Primary, Secondary and Tertiary amine can be distinguished by the action of
(A)
2
2
CS
HgCl
(B)
2
NaNO
HCl
(C)
3
CHCl
KOH
(D)
2
X
NaOH
19. =|:+n||- (Cyclopropane) (A) =n-ni -ti t (Non-planar)
20. =|:+n|- (Cyclobutane) (B) =n-ni t (Planar)
21. =|:+n|-- (Cyclopentane) (C) ~l-l--- ||i =|:+n| (-+- (Least stable cyclo alkane)
22. =|:+n|t+=- (Cyclohexane) (D) +-| nz|- <z||-| t (Shows conformation)
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
| z| in-in|- ~l|l+| n (nlt|: nn+ +| z| l-| n + (|nl+ n + ~| |||ni t
t|-| t t ~l|l+| :n+ | - -ti l-||- l-l+| n z||lnn t|-| t t l-||l- =ln=|:nn lt|: -|- +i
=n|- ll t | -i- l< t
PARAGRAPHRiemer-Tiemann reaction introduces an aldehyde group on to the aromatic ring of
phenol,ortho to the hydroxyl group. This reaction involves electrophilic aromatic substitution. This is a general
method for the synthesis of substituted salicyldehydes as depicted below.
CH
3
CH
3
(1)
(n-i|
OH ONa
+
CHO
Aq.KOH
CH
3
OH
CHO
(I) (II) (III)
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Chem.-[ 19 ]
23. l---lnl|- n = l+= l-+|+ +| -| - l< ~l|l+| n t~| t `
Which of the following reagents is used in the above reaction?
(A) aq. NaOH + CH
3
Cl (B) aq. NaOH + CH
2
Cl
2
(C) aq. NaOH + CHCl
3
(D) aq. NaOH + CCl
4
24. := ~l|l+| n +| - :n+ | - -ti t (The electrophile in this reaction ?)
(A) : CHCl (B)
+
CHCl
2
(C) : CCl
2
(D) .CCl
3
25. |n n-i (Intermediate) +i =--| +|- =| t` (The structures of the intermediate I is?)
(A)
CH
3
O Na
CH Cl
2
+
(B)
CH
3
O Na
CHCl
2
+
(C)
CH
3
O Na
CCl
3
+
(D)
CH
3
O Na
CH OH
2
+
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. (+ |-i a| = <| - P ~| Q = - t( t l=n Q + n|| |- + +| -| t| -| t ~| P + n|| -=+ ~-+-<
t|-| t - |l+ +| ~|=| ~| =t=|- =| +| t
A cubic solid is made of two elements P and Q. Atom of Q are at the corners of the cube and P at the body
centre. What is the formula of the compound ? What is the coordination numbers of P and Q.
2. |-i +| +|-| + 750 mm Hg 99.63C t -| 500 |n |-i n l+--| =+| lnn| l+ -=+| +|-|+ 100C t|
| (Boiling point of water at 750 mm Hg, is 99.63 C. How much sucrose is to be added to 500 g of waters
such that it boils at 100C.)
3. l---|l+- +| += l| < + (How will you distinguish between the following.)
(A) ||n ~| |= (Solution and emulsion)
(B) n||| l+ +|n|: ~| n||lln+ +|n|: (Lyophobic colloid and Lyophilic colloid.)
4. l---lnl|- + +|| < (Give reasons for the following.)
(A) =-+= ~--| ~|+=i+|+ ~| ~+|+ <|-| +i -t +| +-| t (Sulphurous acid acts both as an
oxidising and reducing agent.)
(B) +n|l- +| l+ | ||i t l+ =-|+=|: +| ~||i t (Bleaching action of chlorine is
permanent where that of sulphur dioxide is temporary).
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Chem.-[ 20 ]
5. l---|l+- t n+ + l-n| | n l+= n| -|n +| -| t| -| t
(Give the monomers used for preparing the following polymers.)
(A) |nil-|:n+n| |: (Polyvinylchloride) (B) n|- (Teflon)
(C) +n|: (Bakelite) (D) |nii-i- (Polystyrene)
6. l---lnl|- +| (+ n| -| -| (Give one important use of each of the following)
(A) +n||n|:l=i- (Chloramycetin) (B) |n|:=i- (Streptomycin)
(C) |=|:+ni- (Tetracycline) (D) l-l=ln- (Penicellin)
7. l---lnl|- +i || +` (Explain the following terms.)
(A) -i ~|- (Zwitter ion) (B) ~|:=| :n+ i+ -|: (Isoelectic point)
8. l---lnl|- l-- += |-- +` (How can the following conversions be carried out)
(A) :||:n(ni- (Ethylamine) :||:n ~-+|tn (Ethyl alcohol)
(B) (-iln- (Aniline) +n||l- (Chlorobenzene)
9. ~||l- |-i +i ~-|| KI n ~l+ | n-z|in t , || + (Iodine is more soluble in KI than in water exaplain.)
10. HI +| ni ||n HCl +i - n-| n ~l+ ~-ni t, || +
HI in aqueous solution is a stronger acid than hydrohloric acid, Explain.
11. +| + -|<- n +-+|=|: +| |l- l+| |-| t - l+ +-=|:-, +|`
Why is Chalcocite roasted and not calcined in the recovery of copper ?
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. (A) (+ :| (~|l+ < n|- = 74) +| |<| 293K 442 mm Hg t l< 3 |n (+ -n - A +| 50g |n :|
n :=i -| |n|- t -| |<| l+ 42.6 mm of Hg t| |-| t - ~|l+ <n|- +i |-| + (||n
+|i -- t| (The vapour pressure of ether (md ut = 74) is 442 mn of Hg at 293 K. If 3g of a sample A
is dissolved in 50g of ether, at this temperature, the vapour pressure falls to 426 mm Hg. Calculate, the
molecular mass of A, assuming that the solution is very dilute.)
(B) n+| +| |-i n lnn|- = ||n +| |<| |-i = +n +| t| |-| t (Why is the vapour pressure of a
solution of glucose in water is lower than that of water.)
Or,
(A) |n +|i ~l|l+| +| ~zi- +|n 60 ln- t -| :=+ ~l|+|+ +| 90% l+-- =n n - t| ||
(The Half-life time of a first order reaction is 60 minutes. How long will it take to consume 90% of the
reaction.)
(B) l---lnl|- ~l|l+| + +| <z|| 2 N
2
O
5
2N
2
O
4
+ O
2
-| + (i) N
2
O
5
+| =|-<| l-- (ii) O
2
+| =|-<| l--
Express the rate of reaction of the following reaction : 2 N
2
O
5
2N
2
O
4
+ O
2
Using : (i) Concentration change of N
2
O
5
(ii) Concentration change of O
2
13. (A) =n, Ni(s) |Ni
+2
(aq 0.01 M)| |Ag
+
(aq 0.1 M)| Ag (s) + ln( - =ni+| +| l||l|- + ~| =n l|
+| |i n|- a|- + (Derive Nerst equation for the cell, Ni(s) |Ni
+2
)aq 0.01 M)| |Ag
+
(aq 0.1 M)| Ag (s)
Also find the cell potential Given :)
EAg
+
/Ag = 0.80V and E Ni
2+
1/Ni = 0.25V
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Chem.-[ 21 ]
(B) l---lnl|- n = + +| l- l-< -|< +| <z||
(i) AgNO
3
+| ni ||n, Ag :n+ | + =|| (ii) AgNO
3
+| ni ||n, Pt :n+ | + =||
Predict the products of electrolysis is each of the following.
(i) an aqueous solution of AgNO
3
with Ag electrodes. (ii) An aqueous solution of AgNO
3
with platinum.
Or,
(A) (i) || +, +| ~n|l-| -|<| -||l t l+ BiH
3
t- +n -||l t
Explain why NH
3
is basic while BiH
3
is only feebly basic.
(ii) NH
3
+| +|-|+ -|<| t PH
3
=
Explain why NH
3
has highes boiling point the PH
3
.
(B) l---lnl|- |l+ n =- + =+| ~| =--| +| -|
Discuss the hybridisation Sulphur and structure of the following molecules
(i) SF
6
(ii) SF
4
(iii) SCl
3
14. (A) ~-+|tn = :| -|- + <| ll +| |- + =|| ti =|l-+ =ni+| |i ln|
Give two Methods of preparation of ethers from alcohol with chemical equations.
(B) llnn=- =zn|| l-|i ln|
Write short not on Williamson synthesis.
(C) :| l=+| ~|l+ =| C
4
H
10
O t
Write the structural formula of all possible ethers having the molecular formula C
4
H
10
O and name them.
Or,
(A) +| t|-| t l+
What happens when
(i) | nl- +i l-l+| FeCl
2
+ -l|l- n Cl
2
= t|-i t
Toulben reacts with Cl
2
in presence of FeCl
2
(ii) :|-n +i l-l+| =|| HCl = +i -l|l- n :||:n ~-+|tn = t|-i t
Ethanal is treated with ethanol in the presence of dry HCl gas.
(iii) -|:n (ni- +i l-l+| <| n|n CH
3
Cl = t|-i t
Benzyl amine reacts with two moles of CH
3
Cl.
(B) || + +| (nlt|: -|<| l+|z|in t|-| t l+|- =
Explain why aldehydes are more reactive than ketones.
15. :- | i +| l||l|- + t ~|| +| n- t +|` l+=i - + :- | i c t( -| +| || ln|
Define entropy. Why is it a state function ? Explain the effect of in areased temperatures on the entropy of a
substance.
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Chem.-[ 22 ]
SECTION([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. l--- n = +|- (+ l,-i =+n| >|i +| - -ti t `
Which one of the following is not an element of the second transition series.
(A) n| ln-n (Molybodenum) (B) -|<i (Silver)
(C) -n l-n (Platinum) (D) l+| l-n (Zirconium)
2. 4 M + 8 CN
+ 2H
2
O + O
2
4 [M(CN)
2
+ 4OH
|- M t
4 M + 8 CN
+ 2H
2
O + O
2
4 [M(CN)
2
+ 4OH
the metal M is
(A) Ag (B) Fe
(C) Cu (D) Zn
3. ln=| n (+
Glycerol is a
(A) |:ni ~-+|tn (Primary alcohol) (B) n|-|t|: i+ ~-+|tn (Monohydric alcohol)
(C) =+- i ~-+|tn (Secondary alcohol) (D) |:t|: i+ ~-+|tn (Trihydric alcohol)
4. C
3
H
5
Cl
3
+ l+-- =--|n+ =n| t|
The number of structural isomers of C
3
H
5
Cl
3
is.
(A) <| (Two) (B) -i- (Three)
(C) -| (Four) (D) |- (Five)
5. =|ln +| =t=|- =| NaCl n l+--| t|-| t
Coordination number of sodium ion Na
+
in NaCl is
(A) -| (Four) (B) -i- (Three)
(C) (Six) (D) |- (Five)
6. l---lnl|- n = +|-=| |- +| ~|- l- --+i t
Which one of the following metal ions is diamagnetic.
(A) Ca
3+
(B) V
3+
(C) Ti
3+
(D) Sc
3+
7. ||l=n |=|:-|: n ln= t `
The ligand in potassium ferrocyanide is
(A) K
+
(B) CN
(C) Fe
3+
(D) (CN)
6
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Chem.-[ 23 ]
8. l---lnl|- n = +|- ~|= |n -ti t
Which of the following is a non-colligative property.
(A) ltn| + +| ~-n- (Depression in freezing point) (B) +|-| + ---- (Elevation in boiling point
(C) +|z|i l+|lz|n-| (Optical activity) (D) |<| +| ~| l-|+ ~-n- (Relative lowering of V.P.)
9. ~l|l+| AB, ~l|l+| +| < <-| t| |-| t ~ l-+|+ +| =|<| -| -| + l<| |-| t ~l|l+| +i
+|i t|i
In reaction AB, the rate of reaction increases two times on increasing concentration of reactant four times,
the order of reaction is
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C)
1
2
(D) 4
10. R
2
NH + N + =|| +|-=| =+| t
Which of the following hybrid state of N in R
2
NH is
(A) sp
3
(B) sp
2
(C) sp (D) dsp
2
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|-I : ||n + +n ~| +| n|n|| :+|: t
+|-II : n|n || -|+n l-| +-| t
Statement-I : The sum of mole fraction of all the components of a solutioin is unity.
Statement-II : Mole fraction is temperature dependent.
12. +|-I : n+- -| |- = ~l|l+| n|-| t-i t
+|-II : n|-| t|- |ni ~l|l+| -n|<||i t|-i t
Statement-I : Decrease in free energy comes spontaneons reaction.
Statement-II : Spontaneous reactions are exothermic.
13. +|-I : n|n -|n+, - ~| +| --||n -|- + c-| t
+|-II : --||n n ~|- -i = |n- t
Statement-I : Molar conductance of an electrolyte increases with dilution.
Statement-II : Ions move faster in dilute solution.
14. +|-I : + = n| l- -+i <|| t|- t
+|-II : Cu
+
~|- n || t~| d-=|| t
Statement-I : Cuprous salts are diamagnetic.
Statement-II : Cu
+
ion has filled d-subshell.
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Chem.-[ 24 ]
15. +|-I : l-|n + =|| +|- ~l|l+| t|-i t nl+- :|-| n + =|| -ti
+|-II : l-| +=|: ~|-, :||+=|: ~|- = ~l+ |l|-n t|-| t
Statement-I : Phenol undergos kolbey's reaction but Ethanol does not.
Statement-II : Phenoxide ion is more basic tham ethoxide.
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. l---lnl|- n +|- (l-=-i+ =| +| +-| t`
Which of the following act as antiseptic ?
(A) ~||i- (Iodine) (B) -=ini- (Penicilline)
(C) n|i- (Morphine) (D) |:||:-n (Bithional)
17. l-|--lnl|- n +| - =t =|+ -- |n| | l+ t
Which of the following compounds are covalent
(A) CaCl
2
(B) CaO
(C) HCl (D) CO
2
18. l---lnl|- n +|-+|- | ln t
Which of the following is/are polyester.
(A) +n|: (Bakelite) (B) iln- (Terylene)
(C) n|:-n (Glyptal) (D) Bun
19. ni= -|| (Lwise Base) (A) CaO
20. -in| +=i= (Blue Vitrol) (B) C
6
H
5
NC
21. +ni --| (Quick lime) (C) NH
3
22. +||:n ~ln- (Carbylamine ) (D) CuSO
4
. 5H
2
O
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
-|l|+i l||- l-l+| + ln( +|- tn|- - +i i-| --|<|i t, ~|-+|:n tn|: n ~l+|z|-
-|l|+i l||- l-l+| SN
2
l+| ll ,|| t|-i t SN
2
l-l+| < =nt + ~|+|z|i ~|+| |n +|+
l-| +-| t l+ SN
1
l-l+| l-| +-i :-nil + ||l SN
2
l-l+| +|:n ~-+|:n tn|: n
:-|=- ~| +-+ z|- t| -| t l+ SN
1
l-l+| n =n|:z|- t|-| t
The Polarity of carbon-halogen bond is responsible for the nucleophilic substitution reaction of alkyl
halide which mostly occur by SN
1
and SN
2
mechanism the rate of SN
1
reaction among other thing is governed
by steric factors while that of SN
1
reactions are governed by the stability of intermediate carbocations. Chirality
has a profound role in undergoing the mechanism of SN
1
and SN
2
reaction whereas SN
2
reactions of chiral
alkyl halides are accompained by inversion of Configurationi, SN
1
reactions are charaterised by racemisation.
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23. l--- n = +|- =| +|- SN
1
l-l+| + ln( =ti -ti t
Which of the following statement regarding the SN
1
reaction shown by alkyl halide is not correct?
(A) |n| | -|l|+ -ti SN
1
l-l+| +i l-l+ n || -ti n-| t
(The added nucleophile plays no kinetic role in SN
1
reaction.)
(B) SN
1
l-l+| + :-|=- ~| +-iz|- = | t
(The SN
1
reaction involves the inversion of configuration of the optically active substrate.|
(C) +||+|:- :-nl + ||l = SN
1
l-l+| -i t|-| t
(The more stable carbocation intermed intermadiate the faster is the SN
1
reaction.)
(D) SN
1
l-l+| l+n +|- + -|< + =n|:z|- |n t|-| t
(The SN
1
reaction on the chiral starting material ends up with recemisation of the product.)
24. An SN
2
reaction at an asymmetric Carbon of a compound always gives.
(A) = +| :-|-l=|n
(An enantiomers of the substrate.)
(B) (+ -|< l=+| ~l-+n |z|- --| t
(A product with opposite optical rotation)
(C) |ii|n= +| ln>|
(A mixture of diastereomers.)
(D) (+ i| n=
(Single stereoisomer)
25. ~| l-+ni (l+ ~-+|:n t-||: +i SN
1
l-l+| l+== | t
SN
1
reaction of optically active alkyl halide leads to.
(A) i-z|- ~| +-iz|- (Retention of configuration)
(B) = n|: z|- (Recemisation)
(C) :-|z|- ~| +-iz|- (Inversion of configuration)
(D) +|: -ti (None)
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. l---lnl|- n + +i || +
Explain each of the following.
(A) ||--+i | (Paramagnetism) (B) +n <|| (Frenkel defect)
(C) l=|+ <| +| <| (Osmotic pressure)
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2. l---lnl|- + | n -|
Account for following :
(A) :| +|-|+ ~-+|tn = +|i +n t|-| t
(The boiling points of ethers are much lower than those of alcohols)
(B) -| n, ~-+|tn = ~l+ ~-ni t|- t
(Phenols are much more acidic than alcohols.)
3. l---lnl|- + n| ~+| + -|n =| =ltln| Hg, Al, Cu, Fe, Mg ~| Na
Write the name and chemical formula of the main ores of the following metals : Hg, Al, Cu, Fe, Mg and Na.
4. l---lnl|- + IUPAC -|n|+| +
Write the IUPAC Name of the following
(A)
CH CHCONH
|
CH
3 2
3
(B)
CH CH CHCH CH
|
COOH
3 2 2 3
(C)
Cl
|
CH CH C= CHCH
3 2 3
5. l---lnl|- l--| +| =ni+| ln|
Write the equations of the following conversion.
(A) -| n = | n :- (Phenol to Toluene) (B) -i- = (-ini- (Benzene to Aniline)
(C) -| n = =ln=|:-=it|: (Phenol to salicy ladehyde)
6. +|-t|= l-n ln| -|| llz| -|n+-| +i l|||| <
Write Kohlrausch's law and define specific conductivity.
7. l---lnl|- + | n -|(
Account for the following
(A) PH
3
, NH
3
= +n| |n t (PH
3
is a weaker base than NH
3
.)
(B) +n|i- + :n+ | -il- (Ea) +| n|- +n|i- = +n t (The electron affinity of Fluorine is less than that
of chlorine.)
(C) HI, HF = =n ~-n t (HI is strong than HF acid)
8. -= =ni+| ln| -|| l---lnl|- =n + ln( e.m.f. +i |-| +
Mg/Mg
+2
(0.001M) // Cu
+2
(0.0001M)/Cu. l<| | t Ecu
+2
/cu = 0.337 V E Mg
+2
/Mg = 2.37 V
Write Nernst equation and calculate e.m.f. of the following cell.
Mg/Mg
+2
(0.001M) // Cu
+2
(0.0001M)/Cu. l<| | t ECu
+2
/Cu = 0.337 V E Mg
+2
/Mg = 2.37 V
9. Cu
2+
+ ~-ni ||n n H
2
S = |lt- +- ~-| <-| t l+ Zn
2+
-ti, +|`
Why does only Cu
2+
form precipitate by passing H
2
S gas through an acidified solution but not Zn
2+
?
10. || + [Fe(CN)
6
]
3
l-n |n-l+ t l+ [Fe(CN)
6
]
4
||n-l+ t
Explain [Fe (CN)
6
]
3
is a weakly paramagnetic while (Fe (CN)
6
]
4
is diamagnetic.
11. =|i l=z|- +i n<< = [(Cr (NH
3
)
6
]
3+
n - +i || +
Discuss the bonding in [Cr (NH
3
)
6
]
3+
complex with the help of valence bond theory.
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Chem.-[ 27 ]
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. ~--+i <|| | i- +| t|- t -|l|+-ti l-||- ~l|l+| +| t|-i t PCl
5
+i --| ln|
Why are paramagnetic substances usually coloured ? What is nucleophilic substitution reaction ? Draw the
structure of PCl
5
.
Or,
'n|nn ~-n- (ltn|+l|-|i| l||+' < +i l|||| <il( l+=i <|| + 4.0 gm. +| 80.0 gm |-i n ||n-
|-i + ltn| + n 1.5k +| ~-n- t~| <|| +| ~| <n|- l+ln- +il( [l<| | t |-i + ln( k
f
= 1.85 [kg mol
1
]
Define the term molal depression constant. 4.0g of a substance dissolved in 80.g of water produced a depres-
sion of 1.5 k in the freezing point of water. Calculate the molecular mass of the substance. (Given : k
f
H
2
O
= 1.85 [kg for mol
1
]
13. l---lnl|- <| +i || +
Explain each of the following terms :
(A) ~lz|||| (Adsorption) (B) =|z|- (Sorption)
(C) l=|z|- (desorption and) (D)~|+ l- -l-- -+ (Shape-Selective catalyst.)
Or,
l---lnl|- +| |=|l-+ =ni+| <+ ln|
Write giving chemical equations.
(A) ~-|n +--=z|- (Aldol condensation)
(B) +l-|| l-l+| (Cannizzaro's reaction)
(C) +||:n ~ni- l-l+| (Carbyl amine reaction)
(D) -i- +| -|: i+| (Nitration of benzene)
14. (A) l---lnl|- =ni+|| +| | +
(Complete the following reaction)
(i) CH
3
CH
2
Br
[ ] [ ]
K Cr O H SO
aq. NaOH
7 2 2 2 4
A B
+

(ii) (CH
3
COO)
2
Ca
heat
[A]
Zn/ HCl (heat)
[B]
(B) 1 2 ~| 3 ~ni- n ~-- +
(Explain the difference of 1, 2 and 3 Amines.
(C) 15% (<n|-| H
2
SO
4
||n +i n|nn-| a|- +
(Find out the molality of 15% solution of H
2
SO
4
by mass.
15. ~=|n|- ~| || = ~| +| =nn- t` ~=|n|--| n|- |n +|+| +i || -<|t| + =|| +
What do you mean by abnormal molecular mass? Explain the factors with suitable examples which bring about
the abnormality?
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Chem.-[ 28 ]
SECTION([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. l-+| l- =n ln|| a = 0.352 nm, b = 0.352 nm. c = 6.498 nm, = = 90 ( = 120 t
The crystal System of a compound with unit cell dimension a = 0.352 nm, b = 0.352 nm, c = 0.498 nm
= = 90 ( = 120 t
(A) +l+ (Cubic) (B) t+=||-n (Hexagonal)
(C) ~|||| nl+ (orthorhombic) (D) | -|t n (rhombohedral)
2. -| ~-| +| +| n| n ln- n <n| | =+-| t
The fresh precipitate can be transformed in colloidal solution by
(A) +| n z|- (Coagulation) (B) -|:z|- (Peptization)
(C) l+- (Diffusion) (D) :-n = +|: -ti (None of these)
3. ( = | +- + ln( +- <| t
The drug used against AIDS is
(A) (n. (=. i. (L. S. D.) (B) i. (-. (. (B. H. A.)
(C) (. . i. (A. Z. T.) (D) |:|| -|n (Bithional)
4. -+i n|| |l+ ~-n n P-O-P +i =| t
The number of P-O-P bonds in cyclic metaphosphonic acid is
(A) z|- (Zero) (B) <| (Two)
(C) -i- (Three) (D) -| (Four)
5. nnl n |- + ~| +=|: + ~+| n =+- t
Smelting involves reduction of metal oxide with.
(A) C (B) CO (C) Mg (D) Al
6. l+=i ||n +| |=| l-l- l+| |-| t `
Osmotic pressure of a solution is given by the relation.
(A)
ST
C
=
(B)
CT
S
=
(C)
SC
T
=
(D)
ST
C
=
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Chem.-[ 29 ]
7. l---lnl|- n = +|- == +n -||i t
Which of the following is least alkline.
(A) NH
2
NO
2
(B) NH
2
CH
3
O
(C) NH
2
C
6
H
5
(D) NH
2
EtO
2
C
8. | ln+ ~-n +| H
2
SO
4
+ =|| n l+| |-| t - t <-| t
Formic acid when heated with H
2
SO
4
gives
(A) (COOH)
2
(B) CH
3
COOH
(C) C
2
H
5
OH (D) CO
9. +in + |- +| =| t
The density of a crystal is given by Thue formula.
(A)
3
a M
ZNo
(B)
3
NoM
Za
(C)
3
ZM
a No
(D)
3
a No
ZXM
10. l-l+| H
+
+ OH
H
2
O t
Reaction H
+
+ OH
H
2
O is
(A) t- ini (Very slow) (B) ini (Slow)
(C) - (Fast) (D) n| (Mode rate in speed.)
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|-I : |:+ ~-n | ln+ ~-n = -|<| l-n ~-n t
+|-II : +| |l-n = l-|:n | t-| t - :n+ | - <|-| +i -t t| +-| t
Statement-I : Benzoic acid is a weaker acid than formic acid
Statement-II : Phenyl group when attached to carbonyl group becomes electron donating.
12. +|-I : Pb
4+
+| Pb
2+
n ~|=|-i = ~+ - l+| | =+-| t
+|-II : Pb
2+
||n-l+ t
Statement-I : Pb
4+
can be reduced rasily to Pb
2+
Statement-II : Pb
2+
is paramagnetic.
13. +|-I : HNO
3
,

HNO
2
+i -n-| n =n ~-n t
+|-II : HNO
3
n <| N-O t l+ HNO
2
n +n (+ ti N O t
Statement-I : HNO
3
is stronger acid than HNO
2
.
Statement-II : In HNO
3
there are two N O bonds whereas in HNO
2
, there is only one N O bond.
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Chem.-[ 30 ]
14. +|-I : Zn
2+
||n-l+ t
+|-II : Zn
2+
-|- 4s orbital = :n+ | - l-+n-| t
Statement-I : Zn
2+
is diamagnetic.
Statement-II : The electrons are lost from 4s orbital to form Zn
2+
.
15. +|-I : (l=|:nz|- ,|| NH
2
+| =l-|- |- t( (l-ln- +| -|: z|- l+| |-| =+-| t
+|-II : (l-ln- +| (l=n|:nz|- l- l n :n + | - |- c-| t
Statement-I : Nitration of anilline can be done by protecting NH
2
group through acetylation.
Statement-II : Acetylation of aniline results in the increase of electron density in the benzene ring.
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
n- + n +|| +|- t`
The main factor which affect corrosion are
(A) l- =|l-+ >|i n |- +| l|l- (Position of metal in electrochemical series.)
(B) n n CO
2
+| t|-| (Presence of CO
2
in water.)
(C) |- n ~z|lz| +| t|-| (Presence of impurities in metal)
(D) -|<| -- +| t|-| (Presence of protective coating.)
17. +|- LiAlH
4
= ~+| + |< :||:n (-+|tn <|`
Which of the following on reduction with LiAlH
4
will give ethyl alcohol.
(A) (CH
3
CO)
2
O (B) CH
3
COCl (C) CH
3
CONH
2
(D) CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
18. l+=+| - +|i 2 t
Species having bond order 2 is/are
(A) N
2
+
(B) O
2
+
(C) O
2
2
(D) N
2
2
19. +|- ( l=ln+| (Glass and fused silica) (A) +|z| =zn|| (Photosynthesis)
20. +|n =| +| ~|| (Basis of quantum Number) (B) :| - n:= ~-n (Ether + Lewis acid)
21. ~+=|l-n n| (Oxonium salt) (C) =|i (Schrodinger)
22. |- (Starch) (D) <| a|= <|| (Amorphous solid)
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
Nucleic acid is the prosthetic groups of nucleo proteins. These are natural bio-polymers made of nucle-
otide units i.e. polynucleotides. They are present in all living cells and direct protein synthesis. They are respon-
sible for transfer of genetic information. Nucleic acid are of two types DNA and RNA. Nucleic acids are made
up of three units namely nitrogeneons bases sugar and phosphates.
23. DNA n ||:ni- <| t|: |- - = l+=|n = | t~| t `
In DNA thyamine is held by two hydrogen bonds with the base.
(A) ( -i- (Adenine) (B) =|:|=i- (Cytosine) (C) ||:ni- (Thyamine) (D) ~|-i- (Guanine)
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Chem.-[ 31 ]
24. '(-|=i-' l---lnl|- n l+=+| -<|t| t
Adenosin is an example of
(A) -+ni||: (Nucleotide) (B) -+ni|=|: (Nucleoside)
(C) -ini- |n (Purimenbase) (D) |:inii- |n (Pyrimidine base)
25. :-n = +|- |:inii- |n -ti t`
Which is not a pyrimidine base ?
(A) ||:ni- (Thyamine) (B) |=in (Uracil) (C) ~|-i- (Guanine) (D) =|:| =i- (Cytosine)
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. ||n n -l|- ~|z|in ln + ln |-- + l-n +| |- +`
State and derive Roault's Law for a solution containing non-volatile solutes.
2. | |n +i n<< = -i-| |-|+| l+n| + i- ~-- +| l<||( `
Explain with the help of diagram, the difference between three types of cubic crystals.
3. l---lnl|- -in =n +| ~z ~l|l+| ( =n ~l|l+| ln| `
Zn (S)| Zn
+2
(aq) (IM) || Cu
+2
(aq) (IM) | Cu(S)
Write down the half reactions and cell reaction for the Daniel cell.
Zn (S)| Zn
+2
(aq) (IM) || Cu
+2
(aq) (lM) | Cu(S)
4. ~l|l+| +i +|i ( ~|+-| + ~-- +| -|(`
What is the difference in between molecularity and order of reaction.
5. l---lnl|- +| +|| -|(`
Account for the followiong?
(A) CO
2
= t nl+- SiO
2
a|= t (CO
2
is gas, but SiO
2
is a solid.)
(B) CCl
4
+| ni ~|- -ti t|-| t l+ SiCl
4
+| t|-| t (CCl
4
is resistant to hydrolysis, but SiCl
4
is
hydrolysed)
6. l-| n +i -|i l---lnl|- = += t|-| t` (How is phenol prepared from ?)
(A) -i- (Benzene) (B) +n||-i- (Chlorobenzene)
7. <|| A +| l|- |n +|i ~l|l+| + ~-=| t|-| t || n [A] = 2.00 M, 200 l-n + |< [A] = 0.250 M.
:= ~l|l+| + ln
1
I II K
2
+
+i |-| +
A substance A decomposes by first order reaction starting initially with [A} = 2.00 M, after 200mins [A]
= 0.250 M. For this reactioin what is
1
I II K
2
+
]
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Chem.-[ 32 ]
8. |ln+ ~-n, (=ii+ ~--| = n ~-n t || +
Formic acid is stronger than CH
3
COOH explain.
9. [Co (en)
2
Cl
2
]
+
ln ~|- + =n|i +| ln|
Draw isomers of the complex ion [Co (en)
2
Cl
2
]
+
10. l|-| ~-|- +| t ` :=+i n|-|~| +| ln|
What is radius ratio ? What is its significance.
11. l+=i |=|l-+ ~l|l+| + H -|| S -|n+ t l+=i ll|l- n t ~l|l+| - t| i, || + `
H and S are positive for a chemical reaction. Under what condition is the reaction expected to occur
spon taneonsly ? Explain.
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. tni+| +| t ` |z|in tni+| ( =|-- tni+| +i || + + +| -<|t| <
What is polymerisation ? Define and explain the term addition polymensation and condensation polymersiaton.
Give one example of each.
13. l---lnl|- +|l-+ |l+| +| IUPAC z-i n -|n|+| +
Write IUPAC names of.
I.
CH COCH CH
|
CH
3 3

3
II.
CH
|
CH CHCH CHO
3
3 2
III.
IV. CH
3
CH
2
CHOH CH
2
CH
2
COOH
14. l---lnl|- ~l|l+| + ln =|- l||+ +i |-| +
Fe
+2
+ Cu
+4
Fe
+3
+ Ce
+3
l<| t~| t E Co
+4
|Ce
+3
= 1.44V, E Fe
+3
| Fe
+2
= 0.68 V
Calculate the equilibrium const. for the reaction Fe
+2
+ Ce
+4
Fe
+3
+ Ce
+3
Given E Co
+4
|Ce
+3
= 1.44V, E Fe
+3
| Fe
+2
= 0.68 V
15. = +n| - +| l--- = <| n =|n|- || +i l --| + `
Describe the general characteristics of transition elements with special reference to the following.
(A) i- n| +| l-n| | n
formation of coloured salt.
(B) ll|-- ~| +=i+| ~||
Variable oxidation state.
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Math[1]
MODEL PAPER
d{kkXII
xf.kr (MATHEMATICS)
=n | - ln- (~l-l+-| ] [ || +
z =|i z- ~l-| t (All Questions are compulsory)
[k.M& I (SECTION-I)
oLrq fu"B iz 'u (Objective)
+ n z-| +i = | (Total No. of Questions)
[k.M& II (SECTION-II)
xS j&oLrq fu"B iz 'u (Non-Objective)
+ n ~ + (Total Marks)
:. + <i| --|i z-| n ~| -l+ l+- |i l<( ( t ~| = z-| n -n l+-| n = l+=i (+ z- +|
ti --| <
. ||=| =|i z-| +| --| ~-i ti |||| n <
. i-|| + <| |- +n+ n =lt- l+=i |i -t +| :n +| l-+ = | (|| n| |:n, :|l<| +| | = || l - t
. -l-a vz-| +| --| l<( ( ~| (n ~| =i n -+- l+- +| -in | +|n - = i -t | + <
(-<|t| + ln( l< --| (c) t| -| -in | +|n - = ( = l-l;- +
(a) (b) (Q) (d)
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Math[2]
3. Subject / l|
i-|| :
OMR NO.
Instructions :
from top to bottom.
PEN ONLY.
like this.
A B C D A C D
A C D
A C D
Sheet.
l-< z|
1. =|i vll| l< ||- -+ ti =iln- |
2. OMR --| | n vz- =| +nz| - = -i- +i ~| <i : t
3. --| +n +|n /-in |n -|: - ,|| l-l;- +
4. ~-| |n - |n +| -, i-|| +-: +| -|n OMR --| | =
l-l< ||ni/||-| n / ln|
5. OMR --| | n l-|l- ||- ~-| -|n, t-|-|, l| i-||
+| l<-|+ +i l- +
6. ~- --| + | +| | = v|c +- t( l-l;- +
=ti ll n- ll|
A B C D A C D
A C D
A C D
7. OMR --| | +| - n| ~|| -= t|-t| l-; - n|(
8. - l< l-< z|| +| |n- - l+( |- +i l|l- n --| || +|
n-|+- +-| +la- t|| (= n --i +i <l = l+=i |i v+|
+i -|l- +| l-n<| +n i-|||i t| |
7. Roll Code/ |n +|
b b b b
c c c c
d d d d
e e e e
f f f f
g g g g
h h h h
i i i i
k k k k
7. Roll Code/ |n +|
b b b b
c c c c
d d d d
e e e e
f f f f
g g g g
h h h h
i i i i
k k k k
1. A B C D
2. A B C D
3. A B C D
4. A B C D
5. A B C D
6. A B C D
7. A B C D
8. A B C D
9. A B C D
10. A B C D
11. A B C D
12. A B C D
13. A B C D
14. A B C D
15. A B C D
16. A B C D
17. A B C D
18. A B C D
19. A B C D
20. A B C D
21. A B C D
22. A B C D
23. A B C D
24. A B C D
25. A B C D
26. A B C D
27. A B C D
28. A B C D
29 I. A B C D
II. A B C D
III. A B C D
IV. A B C D
30 I. A B C D
II. A B C D
III. A B C D
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Math[3]
SECTION ([k.M )I
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (- l-a vz-|
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
I. From Question No. 1 to 25 there is one correct answer. In each question you have to mark that
correct option from the given options.
vz- 1 = 25 -+ l--- n l<( ( -| l+-| n = (+ ti --| =ti t v vz- + =ti --| +| --| -|ln+|
n l-l-t- + 28 1 = 28
1. Derivative of x
x
with respect to x is (x + =|-| x
x
+| +n t|||
(a) x
x
(log x + 1) (b) x / x
x1
(c) x. x
x
(d) (1 + log x)
2. The radius of a circle is increasing at the rate of 0.7 cm/s. What is the rate of increase of its circumference ?
(0.7 cm/s +i < = -| +i l|-| c t| t -| +i ll| + lz +| < +| t||`|
(a) 2 cm/s (b) 0.7 cm/s (c) 1.7 cm/s (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
3. If (l<| x = a cos , y = b sin then (-|| find (l-+|n |
............
dy
dk
=
(a)
cot
b
a

(b) 0 (c)
tan
b
a

(d)
tan
b
a

4.
2
1 sin
cos
x
d x
x
is equal to (| t|||
(a) tan x sec x + c (b) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
(c) tan x + sec x + c (d) sec x tan x + c
5. The value of
/ 2
0
4 3 s i n
l o g
4 c o s
x
d x
x
is
/ 2
0
4 3 s i n
l o g
4 3 c o s
x
d x
x
+| n|- t||
(a)
3
4
(b) 2 (c) 0 (d)
1
4
6. If E and F are events such that P (E/F) = P (F/E) then
(l< E ~| F |-|( := v+| t| l+ P (E/F) = P (F/E) -| |
(a) P (E) = P (F) (b) E = F (c) E F but E F (d) E F =
7. If P and Q are symmetric matrices of same order then PQ QP is a
(l< P ~| Q =n|- +n + =nln- ~| t t| -| PQ QP t|||
(a) Zero Matrix (z|- ~|t| (b) Identity Matrix ((+| + ~| t|
(c) Skew-symmetric Matrix (l|n =nln- ~|t| (d) Symmetric Matrix (=nln- ~| t|
8. Let A be a square matrix of order 3 3 then |KA| is equal to
(n|-| l+ A (+ 3 3 +n +| ~|t t - |KA| | t|||
(a) 3K|A| (b) K
3
|A| (c) K|A| (d) k
2
|A|
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Math[4]
9. The Parameter on which the value of the following determinant is not dependent
(l---lnl|- =|l|+ +| n|- l+= v|-n l-| -ti +-| t|
2
1
cos( ) cos ( )
sin( ) sin sin( )
m m
p d x px cox p d x
b d x px p d x
+
=
(a) d (b) x (c) m (d) p
10. If (l<| =
11 12 13
21 22 23
31 32 33
a a a
a a a
a a a
and A
ij
is the Cofactor of a
ij
then D = ....(a
ij
+| =t | A
ij
t| -| = ....)
(a) a
11
A
11
a
21
A
21
+ a
31
A
31
(b) a
11
A
12
+ a
21
A
22
+ a
31
A
32
(c) a
11
A
11
+ a
21
A
21
+ a
31
A
31
(d) A
11
+ A
12
+ A
13
11. The area of the quadrilateral formed by the lines y = 2x + 3, y = 0, x = 4, x = 6 is
(||| y = 2x + 3, y = 0, x = 4, x = 6 = - --| +| -| t|||
(a) 26 square unit ( :+|:| (b) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
(c) 20 square unit ( :+|:| (d) 24 square unit ( :+|:|
12. The degree of the diff. equation (~+n =ni +| ||- t|||
2
3
3
cos 7 0
d y dy dy
dx dx
dx

+ + + =

(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) Not defined (~l||l|-|
13.
2
(1 )
x
xe
dx
x +
is equal to (| t|||
(a)
1
x
e
c
x
+
+
(b)
2
(1 )
x
e
c
x
+
+
(c) e
x
(x + 1) + c (d)
2
1
x
e
c
x
+
+
14. The direction ratio of a line are 2, 3, 7 then its direction cosines are
(l+=i =n || + l<+ ~-|- 2, 3, 7 t -| :=+| l<+ +|-| t|
(a)
1 1 7
, ,
6 4 12
(b)
2 3 7
, ,
62 62 62
(c)
2 3 7
, ,
62 62 62
(d)
2 3 7
, ,
12 12 12
15.
1 1
tan tan .............

x x y
y x y
=
+
(a)
3
(b)
4
(c)
2
(d)
3
4
16. Let A be a non-singular matrix of the order n n the |adj A| = ..................

l< A (+ +n|i ~| t t l=+| +n n n t -| |adj A| = .................
(a) n |A| (b) |A|
n 1
(c) |A| (d) |A|
n
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17. If A ={1, 2, 3}, B = {5, 6, 7} and f : A B is a function such that f(x) = x + 4 then what type of a function is f?
l< A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {5, 6, 7} -|| f : A (+ n- t -| l+ f(x) = x + 4 -| f l---lnl|- n = l+= v+| +| n- t `
(a) many-one-onto (~-++ ~|-|<+| (b) constant function (~- n-|
(c) One-one-onto ((++ ~|-|<+| (d) into (~ --| i|
18. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, ........n}. How many bijective function f : A A can be defined?
(n|-| l+ A = {1, 2, 3, 4........n} -| l+-- bijective n- f : A A l||l|- t| =+- t `|
(a)
1
( !)
2
n
(b) (n 1) ! (c) n! (d) n
19. The point with position vectors (2, 6), (1, 2) and (p, 10) are Collinear if the value of p is
(l|- =l<z| (2, 6), (1, 2) ~| (p, 10) |n l< (+ l|+ t|, l< p +| n|- t|
(a) 3 (b) 3 (c) 12 (d) 6
20. The differential equation coresponding to curve
1
cos p x
y e =
is (+
1
cos p x
y e =
+| ~+n =ni t|||
(a) (1 x
2
) y
n
xy' p
2
y = 0 (b) (1 x
2
) y" xy' + p
2
y = 0
(c)
2
1 ' x y py =
(d) (1 x
2
) y" + xy' p
2
y = 0
II. In the following questions (21-25) there are two statements. Statements I follows Statement II. You
have to go through these statement and mark you answer from the givn options.
(l---lnl|- (21-25) vz-| n <| +|- l< ( t , +|-I + |< +|-II +| |- = c -|| l<( (
l+-| n = =ti l+- +| --| -|ln+| n l-l-t- + |
(a) l< <|-| +|- =ti t -|| +|-II, +|-I +i =ti || t
If both the statements are correct ant statement II is the correct explanation of statement I.
(b) l< <|-| +|- =ti t -- +|-II, +|-I +i =ti || -ti t
If both the statements are correct but statement Ii is not the correct explanation of statement I.
(c) +|-I =ti t -- +|-II n- t
Statement I is correct but statement Ii is wrong.
(d) +|-II =ti t -- +|-I n- t
Statement is wrong but statement II is correct.
21. Statement (+|-| I : p, q, r are non-coplaner vectors and (- +-ni =l<z| t -||| a, b, c are scalars such.that(~l<z|
:= v+| t l+| pa + qb + rc = 0
Statement (+|-| II :a = b = c = 0
22. Statement I : f(x) = sin x is increasing function in ]o,
[
2
Statement II : f (x) = sin x is decreasing function in

] , [
2

+|- I : n- f(x) = sin, ~-|n
]o [
2
n z n|- n- t
+|- II : n- f(x) = sinx, ~-|n
] , [
2

n r|=n|- n- t
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23. A line is drawn in the direction

( 2 ) i j k +
and it passes through a point with position vectors (

(2 4 ) i j k +
((+ ||

( 2 ) i j k +
+ l<z|| n |i-i | ti t ~| t l|- =l<z|

(2 4 ) i j k +
+ l< = -i t
Statement I : Vector equation of line is
(2 4 ) ( 2 ) r i j k i j k
+ + +
Statement II : Certesian form of the line is
2 1 4
1 1 2
x y z +
= =
+|- I : || +| =l<z| =ni t
(2 4 ) ( 2 ) r i j k i j k
+ + +
+|- II : || +| +|-i =ni t
2 1 4
1 1 2
x y z +
= =
24. If A = [a
ij
]
mxm
is a square matrix
(l< (+ A = [a
ij
]
mxm
~|t t |
Statement (+|-| I : A (adj A) = |A| l
m
Statement (+|-| II : (adjA) A = |A| l
m
25. Statement (+|-| I : Binary operation * on N (family of natural numbers) defined as (l,- =l+| N (v||-
=|~| +| =nt l||l|- t, := v+|| a* b = a + b + 3 has no identify element.(l= -=n+
~ -ti t|
Statement (+|-| II : For x N (+ ln| a * x = x * a = a a N
III. In the following questions (26 to 28) there may be more than one correct answers. You have to mark
all the correct answers.
l---| l+- vz-| (26 = 28) n (+ = ~l|+ l+- =ti t| =+- t ( = vz-| n =|i =ti l+-| +| --|
-|ln+| n ~ l+- +
26. Let (n|-|| l+|
1 2 3
A= 2 3 2
0 3 4

then (-||
(a) A
13
= 6 (b) A
13
= 6
(c) A
11
= 3 (d) A
11
= 6
27. A function g(x) is said to bhe Continuous at a point x = a if
(n- g(x) l< x = a = -- +t| |-| t l<|
(a) g(a) is defined (g(a) l||l|- t|
(b)
x a
lim ( ) ( ) g x g a

(c)
x a
lim ( ) ( ) g x g a
=
(d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti
28. The value of
2 2
1
sin cos
dx
x x
is (
2 2
1
sin cos
dx
x x
+| n|- t|||
(a) tan x + cot x + c (b) 2 cot 2x + c
(c) tan x cot x + c (d) 2 cot 2x + c
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IV. In the following question 29 there are two column. You have to match Column I to Column II
correctily. 41 = 6
vz- = | 29 n <| +| nn l<( ( t +| nn I +i vll| +| +| nn II n l<( ( l+-| = =ti=ti ln- +
29. Column (--||I Column (--||II
I. If (l<| sin
1
(1 x) 2 sin
1
x =
2
Then (-|| x is (t| (a)

1
2
II. If (l<|
3 2
A=
4 2

and (~||
1 0
I=
0 1

Such that (:= v+|| (b) 1
A
2
= A 2I then (-|| the value of l is (l +| n|- t|
III.
/ 2
2 2
0
( sin cos
2 2
x x
dx
(c) 1
IV. A Coin is tosses 5 times independently. The probability of getting head most of (d) 0
the times.((+ l=++| 5 | -| = -|n| |-| t
~l|+- | z|i| |- + v|l+-||
V. There is a paragraph for question 30. You have to understand the paragraph and then mark your
answer from given options. 32 = 6
vz- = | 30 + ln( (+ -,| l<| | t =|||-i = := -,| +| c + =nn -|| -=+ |< -i- l<(
( -i- vz-| + =ti --| l< ( l+-| n = l-l-t- +
30. The integral
cos
ax
e bx dx
and
sin
ax
e x dx
can be solved by using integration by parts. We get.

=n|+n-
cos
ax
e bx dx
~|
sin
ax
e x dx
|z| =n|+n- + v| ,|| a|- l+| | =+-| t tn |- t

2 2
( cos sin )
cos
ax
ax
e a bx b bx
e bx dx C
a b
= +
+
and (-|||
2 2
( sin cos )
sin
ax
ax
e x x
e x dx C

= +
+
I.
5
cos(12 )
x
e x dx
is equal to (| t|
(a)
5
(12cos12 5sin12 )
169
x
e
x x C + + (b)
5
(5cos12 12sin12 )
34
x
e
x x C + +
(c)
5
(5cos12 12sin12 )
169
x
e
x x C + + (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
II.
4
sin3
x
e x dx
is equal to (| t|
(a)
4
(4sin3 3cos3 )
14
x
e
x x C + (b)
4
(4sin3 3cos3 )
25
x
e
x x C +
(c)
4
(4sin3 3cos3 )
25
x
e
x x C + + (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
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III.
2
sin
x
e x dx
is equal to (| t|
(a)
2
(sin cos )
5
x
e
x x (b)
2
(cos 2sin )
5
x
e
x x C +
(c)
2
(cos 2sin )
5
x
e
x x + (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 60
I. Question No. 1 to 8 carry 4 marks each. These questions are of short answer type.
vz- = | 1 = 8 -+ n| --|i +| l + t v + vz- + ln( 4 ~ + l-|| l- t 8 4 = 32
1. Show that the relation R defined in the set A of all triangles as R = {(T
1
, T
2
) : T
1
is similar to T
2
} is an
equivalence relation.
l=z +il( l+ =n- l||| + =n-- A n R = { (T
1
, T
2
) : T
1
, T
2
+ =n t} + ,|| l||l|- =| R (+
---| =| t
2. Show that (l<||( l+|
1 1 1
3 8 84
sin sin cos
5 17 85
=
3. Solve (tn +|
1
4 5
1
5 1
x x dx
Or, (~|||
Evaluate (n|- l-+|n|
1
2
0
x
xe dx
4. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of a function f given by f(x) = 2x
3
15x
2
+ 36x + 1 on the
interval [1, 5]
l<( ( n- f, f(x) = 2x
3
15x
2
+ 36x + 1 +| ~--|n [1, 5] l- -| nt-|n -|| l- -| - --n n|- l-+|n
Or, (~|||
1
2
0
x
xe dx
5. Integrate (=n|+ln- +|
1
sin x xdx
6. Find the general solution of the differential equation y dx (x + 2y

2
) dy = 0
~+n =ni y dx (x + 2y
2
) dy = 0 +| |+ tn l-+|n
7. Fine the angle between the planes
(2 ) 6 r i j k
+ =
and
( 2 ) 5 r i j k
+ + =
=n-n|
(2 ) 6 r i j k
+ =
~|
( 2 ) 5 r i j k
+ + =
+ n +| +|| a|- +
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Or, (~|||
1
A 1
1
x yz
y zx
z xy
=
8. Find the mean and variance for the following probability distribution.
l---lln|- v|l+-| - + ln( n| -|| v=| l-+|n
0 1 2 3
1 3 3 1
8 8 8 8
i
i
X
p
Or, (~|||
Find X and Y if x ~| y +| n|- l-+|n (l<| x + y =
7 0
2 5

and x y =
3 0
0 3

II. From question no 9 to 12 carry 7 marks each. These questions are of long answer type.
vz- = | 9 = 12 <i| --|i +| l + t v + vz- + ln( 7 ~ + l-|| l- t 4 7 = 28
9. The cost of 4 kgs; Onion, 3 kgs; Whaeat and 2 kgs; Rice is Rs. 60. The Cost of 2 kgs. Onion, 4 kgs. Wheat and
6 kgs. Rice is Rs. 90. The cost of 6 kgs. Onion, 2 kgs. Wheat and 3 kgs rice is Rs. 70. Find the xost of each item
per kg. by matrix method.
(4 l+. |. -|, 3 l+.|. t ~| 2 l+. |. -|n +i +in- 60 t 2 l+. |. -|, 4 l+. |. t ~| 6 l+.|. -|n
+i +in- 90 t 6 l+.|. -|, 2 l+.|. t ~| 3 l+.|. -|n +i +in- 70 t ~|t ll| = v+ +|
vl- l+.|. n- aa- +|
10. Prove that the functions (=|l- + l+ n-|
f(x) = x sin
1
x
when x 0 when x = 0, is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0 ( =-- t nl+- ~+n-i
-ti t|
Or, (~|||
Find
dy
dx
(
dy
dx
l-+|n| (i) sin
2
x + cos
2
y = 1 (ii)
cos
, 0
log
x
y x
x
= >
(iii) x
y
= y
x
11. The two adjacent sides of a parallelogram are

2 4 5 i j k +
and

2 3 , i j k
find the unit vector parallel to its
diagonal. Also find its area.
(+ =n|-- --| +i =n- ||(

2 4 5 i j k +
~|

2 3 , i j k
t :=+ l+| + =n|-- (+ n||+ =l<z| a|-
+il( :=+| -||n |i a|- +il(
Or '~||'
The surface area of a balloon being inflated changes at a constant rate. If initially its radius is 3 units and after
2 second, it is 5 units find the radius after 1 second.
(+ | +| -||n ~- < = ll-- t|-| t l< v|-| n :=+i l|-| 3 :+|: ~| |< n 2 =+ -|-- t
5 :+|: t| |-i t, 1 =+ + -|-- l|-| a|- +
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12. One kind of cake requires 200 g. of flour and 25 g. of fat, and another kind of cake requires 100 g. of flour and
50 g. of fat. Find the maximum number of cakes which can be made from 5 kg. of flour and 1 kg. of fat. It has
been assumed that there is no shortage of other ingradients used in making cakes.
(+ v+| + ++ +| 200 |. ~|| ~| 25 |. =| +i ~|z+-| t|-i t -|| <=i v+|= + ++ + ln(
100 |. ~|| ~| 50 |. =| +i ~|z+-| t|-i t ++| +i ~l|+-n =| -|( | 5 l+.|. ~| -|| 1 l+.|.
=| = - =+- t t n|- ln| | l+ + +| +| -|- + ln ~- <||| +i +ni -ti t i
Or '~||'
Using integration find the area of the region enclosed between the circles x
2
+ y
2
= 4 and (x 2)
2
+ y
2
= 4.
=n|+n- +i =t|-| = -| x
2
+ y
2
= 4 ( (x 2)
2
+ y
2
= 4 = z -||n +| n|- a|- +il(
ANSWERS (mkj) )
SECTI ON ([k.M|I :OBJECTI VE ( oLrq fu"B 'u )
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (c)
6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (c) 15. (b)
16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (d)
21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (a)
26. (c, d) 27. (d) 28. (a, b)
29. I(d) II(c) III(b)
30. I(c) II(b) III(c)
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SECTION ([k.M)II
NON-OBJECTI VE ( xS j&oLrq fu"B)
1. The given relation R = {(T
1
, T
2
) : T
1
is similar to T
2
}
l<| | =| R = {(T
1
, T
2
) : T
1
=n t T
2
+}
Since every triangle is similar to itself, therefore
-l+ v+ l|| +| =n t|-| t :=ln( (T, T) R = T A R is reflexive 1
Again, If T
1
is similar to T
2
then T
2
is also similar to T
1
l l< T
2
=n t T
1
+| -| T
1
|i =n t T
2
+|
So, (:=ln(| (T
1
, T
2
) R (T
2
, T
2
) R is R is symmetric (R =nln- t| 1
Simally (~---| It T
1
is similar to T
2
and T
2
is similar to T
3
then T
1
is also similar to T
3
.
(l< T
1
=n t T
2
+| -|| T
2
=n t T
3
+| -| T
1
|i =n t|| T
3
+||
So (:=ln(| (T
1
, T
2
) R and (~|| (T
2
, T
3
) R (T
1
, T
3
) R is R
3
is transitive 1
Hence (:= v+|| R is an equivalence relation. =| R (+ - --| = | t 1
2. Let (n|-| l+|
1
3
sin
5
=
and (~||
1
8
sin
17
=
Therefore (:=ln(|
3
sin
5
=
and (~||
8
sin
17
=
Now (~|
2
9 16 4
cos 1 sin 1
25 25 5
= = =
1
and (~||
2
64 225 15
cos 1 sin 1
289 289 17
= = =
1
cos ( )= cos . cos + sin. sin =
4 15 3 8
5 17 5 17
+
=
12 24 84
17 85 85
+ =
=
60 24 84
85 25
+
=
=
1
84
cos
85
1
Hence (:= v+||
1 1 1
3 8 84
sin sin cos
5 17 85
=
3. Puts (|- | x
5
+ 1 = t then (-|| 5x
4
dx = dt 1
4 5
5 1 x x dx +
=
1/ 2 3/ 2
2
3
t dt t dt t = =

=
5 3/ 2
2
( 1)
3
x +
2
Hence (:= v+||
1
4 5
1
5 1 x x dx +
=
1
5 3/ 2
1
2
( 1)
3
x

+

= ( ) ( )
3/ 2 3/ 2
5 5
2
1 1 (1) 1
3

+ +

=
3/ 2 3/ 2
2
2 0
3

4 2
3
= 1
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Or '~||'
Let (n|-| l+|
1
2
0
I
x
xe dx =
Let (n|-| l+| x

2
= t then (-|| 2x dx = dt xdx =
2
dt
1
When (| x = 0 then (-|| t = 0; When (| x = 1 then (-|| t = 1 1
I =
1
0
2
t
dt
e
=
( )
1
1
1 0
0
0
1 1 1
2 2 2
t t
e dt e e e

= =

=
1
( 1)
2
e
1
4. Given function (l<| | n-| f(x) = 2x
3
15x
2
+ 36x + 1
then (-|| f'(x) = 6x
2
30x + 36 = 6(x
2
5x + 6) = 6(x 3) (x 2) 1
Now (~| f '(x) = 0
x = 2 and (~|| x = 3 1
Now we evaluate the value of f at these points and at the end points of the interval [1, 5] i.e., at x = 1, x = 2, x
= 3 and at x = 5 (~ tn ~-|n [1, 5] + ~l-n l < -|| :- = l < ~| n- f +| n|- l-+|n- t ~||- x
= 1, x = 2, x = 3 -|| x = 5
f(1) = 2.(1)
3
15.(1)
2
+ 36 1 + 1 = 2 15 + 38 = 24
f(2) = 2.(2)
3
15.(2)
2
+ 36 2 + 1 = 16 60 + 73 = 27
f(3) = 2.(3)
3
15.(3)
2
+ 36 3 + 1 = 54 1356 + 109 = 28
f(5) = 2.(5)
3
15.(5)
2
+ 36 5 + 1 = 250 375 + 181 = 56 2
Thus (:= v+|| The absolute max. value of f on [1, 5] is 56 at x = 5.
~-|n [1, 5] n- f +| l- -| nt-|n n|- 56, x = 5 t
And absolute min. value of f on [1, 5] is 24 at x = 1 (~ -|n [1, 5] n- f +| l- -| - --n n|- 24, x = 1 t
5. Let (n|-| l+| I =
1
sin x x dx
Integrating by parts method, taking sin

1
x as first function and x as second
function we have I= sin
1
x
1
(sin )
d
xdx x xdx dx
dx

1
|z| l=z|-- = =n|+ln- +- sin
1
x +| v|n n- -|| x +| l,-i n- n- t( tn |- t
I =
2 2
1
2
1
sin
2 2
1
x x
x dx
x
=
2 2
1
2
1
sin
2 2
1
x x
x dx
x
+
=
2 2
1
2
1 (1 1)
sin
2 2
1
x x
x dx
x
+
1
=
2 2
1
2 2
1 1 1
sin
2 2
1 1
x x
x dx
x x

+

=
2
1 2
2
1 1
sin 1
2 2
1
x
x x dx dx
x

+

1
=
2
1 2 1 1
1 1
sin 1 sin sin
2 2 2 2
x x
x x x x

+ +

=
2
2 1
1 1
(2 1)sin
4 4
x x
x x C + + 1
Where C is any constant (t| C (+ ~- t|
6. The given differential equation can be written as (l<( ( ~+n =ni l--- v+| = ln|| | =+-| t|

dx x
dy y
= 2y ...(i)
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This is a linear diff. equation of the form 1 1
.
dx
Px Q
dy
+ =
(t 1 1
dx
Px Q
dy
+ =
+ v| n (+ l|+ ~+n =ni t |
Where (t|| 1
1
P
y
=
and (-||| Q
1
= 2y 1
Therefore (~-| I.F.=
1
1
log log( )
1
dy
Pdy y y y
e e e e
= = =
=
1
y
1
Equation (i) is multiply by I.F. both sides and integrating.
=ni (i) + <| -| -|| +| I.F. = || + =n|+ln- +-
1
dy x
dy
dx y y

=
2y
dy
y
1

1
. x
y
=
2dy C +
or,
x
y
= 2y + C x = 2y
2
+ cy 1
This is a general solution of the given diff. equation. (t l<( ( ~+n =ni +| |+ tn t|
7. Let the angle between planes be . (n|-| =n-n + n +| +|| t| cos =
1 2
1 2
| || |
n n
n n

1
Where (t|)
1

2 n i j k
= +
and (~||
2

2 n i j k
= + +
,
1 2
n n

=

(2 ) ( 2 ) i j k i j k + + +
= (2 1 + 2) = 4 1 = 3 1

1 i i j j k k = = = ,

0 i j j k k i = = =
1
| | n
=
2 2 2

| 2 | (2) (1) (1) 4 1 1 6 i j k + = + + = + + =
,
2
| | n
=
2 2 2

| ( 2 ) | (1) (1) (2) 6 i j k + + = + + =
1
cos =
3 3 1
6 2 6 6
= =
=
3
1
Or, '~||'
Given (l<| | t l+|
1
A 1
1
x yz
y zx
z xy
=
Applying R
2
R
2
R
1
and R
3
R
3
R
1
we get (R
2
R
2
R
1
-|| R
3
R
3
R
1
+ v| = tn |- t 2
A =
1
0 ( )
0 ( )
x yz
y x z x y
z x y x z
= (y z) (z x)
1
0 1
0 1
x yz
z
y
= (y x) (z x) [1 (y + z) + 0 + 0) = (x y) (y z) (z x) 2
8. Mean (n|| = E(X) =
i i
x p
=
1 3 3 1
0 1 2 3
8 8 8 8
+ + +
=
3 3 3 3
0 1.5
8 4 8 2
+ + + = =
1
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Again (l|E(X
2
) =
2
i i
x p
=
2 2 2 2
1 3 3 1
(0) (1) (2) (3)
8 8 8 8
+ + +
=
3 3 9 24
0 1 4 3
8 8 8 8
+ + + = =
1
Variance (v=|| s
2
= E(X
2
) {E(X)}
2
= 3 (1.5)
2
= 3 2.25 = 0.75
Or, '~||'
X + Y =
7 0
2 5

...(i) X Y =
3 0
0 3

...(ii)
Solving (i) & (ii) we get ((i) -|| (ii) +| tn +- tn| 2X=
7 0 3 0
2 5 0 3

+

=
10 0
2 8

X =
5 0
1 4

2
2Y=
7 0 3 0 4 0
2 5 0 3 2 2

=

Y =
2 0
1 1

2
9. Let the cost of 1 kg. of onion (n|-| l+ 1 l+|. -| +i +in-| = Rs. x
The cost of 1 kg of wheat (1 l+|. t +i +in-| = Rs. y andthe cost of 1 kg of Rice (-|| 1 l+|. -|n +i
+in-| = Rs. z then in equation form we have (- =ni + n tn |- t 1
4x + 3y + 2z = 60 2x + 4y + 6z = 90 6x + 2y + 3z = 70 1
In matrix form we have (~|t + n tn |- t|
4 3 2 60
2 4 6 90
6 2 3 70
x
y
z

=

1
Let (n|-|| AX = B
4 3 2
A 2 4 6 , X
6 2 3
x
y
z

= =

and (~|| B =
60
90
70

4 3 2
|A| 2 4 6
6 2 3

=

2
=
3 2
4 6 2 6 2 4
4
2 3 6 3 6 2
+
= 4 (12 12) 3(6 36) + 2(4 24) = 0 + 90 40 = 50
The co-factors of the elements of |A| are
We have (tn |- t| X = A
1
B =
0 5 10 60
1
30 0 20 90
50
20 10 10 70

x
y
z

=
250 5
1
400 8
50
400 8

=

2
x = 5, y = 8, z = 8
10. For Continuity (= -- + ln(| We have (tn |- t| f(x)= x sin
1
x
, x 0 = 0 x=0 Here (t|| f(0) = 0
R.H.L.=
lim ( ) lim (0 )
h
x
f x f h
+
0
0
= +
=
1
lim(0 )sin
0 h
h
h 0
+
+
=
1
lim( sin
h
h
h 0

1
1
sin 1
h

and
0
lim( ) 0
h
h
=
= 0
R.H.L. =
0 0
lim ( ) lim (0 )
x h
f x f h

=
=
0
1
lim(0 )sin
0 h
h
h

=
0
1
lim( ) sin
h
h
h

= 0
L.H.L. = R.H.L. = f(0)
Hence f(x) is continuous at x = 0 (:= v+| n- f x = 0 =-- t Proved (=|l-| 4
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For Diff. (~+n + ln(|
Now (~| Rf'(0)=
0
(0 ) (0)
lim
h
f h f
h
+
=
0
1
sin 0
lim
h
h
h
h
=
0
1
sin
lim
h
h
h
h
=
0
1
lim sin
h h
which does not exist 2
(:=+| ~l- -ti t| Similary (:=i v+|| Lf'(0) does not exist (~l- -ti t|
Hence f(x) is not differentiable at x = 0 (:= v+| f(x), x = 0 ~+n-i -ti t|
Finally (~---| given function is continuous but not diff. at x = 0 l<| | n- f, x = 0 =-- t nl+-
~+n-i -ti t 1
Or '~||
(i) sin
2
x + cos
2
y = 1 Differentiating both sides w.r.to 'x' we get <| -| - x + =| -| ~+ln- +- tn lnn-| t
2 2
(sin ) cos (1)
d d dy d
x y
dx dy dx dx
+ =
or, 2sinx.cosx + (2 cosy.siny)
0
dy
dx
=
or, sin2x sin 2y.
0
dy
dx
=

dy
dx
=
sin 2
sin 2
x
y
2
(ii)
cos
log
x
y
x
=
Differentiating both sides w.r. to 'x' we get (<| -| - x + =|-| ~+ln- +- tn lnn-| t|
dy
dx
=
cos
log
d x
dx x

=
2
(log ) (cos ) cos (log )
(log )
d d
x x x x
dx dx
x
=
2
( sin .log cos )
, 0
(log )
x x x x
x
x x
+
>
2
(iii) x
y
y
x
taking legarithm both sides, we get (<|-| - n||+ n- tn |- t|
y logx = x logy
Differentiating both sides w.r. to 'x' we get (<|-| - x + =|-| ~+ln- +- tn |- t|
1
log . .
dy
x y
dx x
+
=
1
1.log . .
dy
y x
y dx
+
or,
(log )
x dy
x
y dx
=
log
log
y x y y
y
x x
=
or,
dy
dx
=
( log )
( log )
y x y y
x y x x
3
11. Let ABCD is a parallelagram (n|-| ABCD (+ =n|-- --| t|
and (~||
AB
=

2 4 5 i j k +
,
BC
=

2 3 i j k
,
AC
=
AB BC

+
=

3 6 2 i j k +
1
now
1 2 3

a i a j a k
= + +
is a unit vector which is parallel to diadonal
AC
also.
~
1 2 3

a i a j a k
= + +
(+ :+|: =l<z| t | l+|
AC
+ =n|- t| 1

is a unit vector (
(+ :+|: =l<z| t|
2 2 2
1 2 3
1 + + =
...(i)
and
AC
are parallel then

AC 0

=
AC

=
1 2 3

3 6 2
i j k
1
=
2 3 1 3 1 2

(2 6 ) (2 3 ) ( 6 3 ) i j k + +
= 0
2
2
+ 6
3
= 0
2
= 3
3
; 2
1
3
3
= 0
1
=
3
3
2
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From (i) we get
2 2 2
3 3 3
9
9 1
4
+ + =
or,
2
3
49
1
4
=

2
3
4
49
=

3
2
7
=
1 3
3 3
2 7
= =

2 3
6
3
7
= =
Hence the required vector
1

( 3 6 2 )
7
i j k
= ; Now the area of parallelogram

| AB AC|

2
AB BC

=

2 4 5
1 2 3
i j k
=

(12 10) (6 5) (4 4) 22 11 i j k i j + + + = +
Area
| AB BC|

=
2 2

| 22 11 | (22) (11) 484 121 i j + = + = + = 605 11 5 = square unit ( :+|:| 2
Or '~||'
Let r be the radius and S be the surface area of balon at any time 't' then (n|-| | +i l|-| r -|| l+=i =n
t =-t +| -||n S t, -| S = 4r
2

ds
dt
= 4r 2
dr
dt
= 8r
dr
dt
...(i) 2
It is given that
ds
dt
= constant = k (l<| t
ds
dt
= ~- = k)
Putting
ds
k
dt
=
in (1) we get (
ds
k
dt
=
(1) n |- | k = 8r..
dr
dt
or, 8r dr = k dt
Integrating both sides we get (<|-| -|| +| =n|+n- +- tn |- t | 2
8 rdr
= k dt
or,
2
8
2
r
= kt + C 4 r
2
= kt + C ...(2)
Given that (l<| | t l+| at t = 0, r = 3 and (-||| at t = 2, r = 5
By (2) 4 (3)
2
= k 0 + C C = 36
Again by (2)(l (2) =| 4 (5)
2
= k 2 + C = 2k + 36 2k = 100 36 = 64 k = 32 3
Putting these value in (2) (:- n|-| +| (2) n |- | 4r
2
= 32t + 36
r
2
= 8t + 9 r =
8 9 t +
12. Let the no. of cakes produced of type first are x and that of type
second are y.
(n|-| v|n v+| +| x ++ -|| l,-i v+| +| y ++ -|l<- t|-|
t|
Then we have (- tn |- t| Max (~l|+-n| z + x + y
constraints are (|- t|
200x + 100y 5000 (Flour conspaints --| vl-|| 1
25x + 50y 1000 (Fat copnstrains =| vl--|
Hence mathematically we have
(~- l|-i n tn |- t | max. (~l|+-n| z = x + y
2x + y 50
x + 2y 40
x 0, y 0 non-negative conspaints 2
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Now drawing the graph of the graph of the equation. For this we consent (+||-| vl-| the inequallty into
corresponding equations and draw the corresponding lines. The feasible region of L.P.P. is shaded in the figure
OABC.
(~ =ni +| | |i-- t :=+ ln( tn ~=ln+|~| +| =ni n ll-- +- t ~| =- ||~| +| |i-- t
2x + y = 50 .....(i), x + 2y = 40 ....(ii)
we get, (tn |- t| x = 20, y = 10
The feasible region is shaded the corner points are 0(0, 0), A(25, 0) B (20, 10) and C(0, 20)
=-|| -|| l-| n ||l+- n l<||| | t l=+ +||i l< 0(0, 0) A(25, 0), B(20, 10) -|| C(0, 20) t
The value of z = x + y (+| n|-|
at 0(0, 0) = 0 + 0 = 0 at A (25, 0) = 25 + 0 = 25; at B (20, 10) = 20 + 10 = 30; at C (0, 20) = 0 + 20 = 20
Clearly max. z is 30 at x = 20 and y = 10 (- ~l|+-n z = 30 | x = 20 -|| y = 10) 2
Or '~||'
Given (l<| | t| x
2
+ y
2
= 4 ...(1)
and (-||| (x 2)
2
+ y
2
= 4 ...(2)
From (1) we have (=ni (1) = tn a|- t|
equation (1) is a circle of radius 2 units and having centre (0, 0) As
equation (2) is a circle of radius 2 units but centre at (2, 0).
=ni (1) n -| +i l|-| 2 :+|: ( +: (0, 0) t -|| =ni (2) n l|-|
:+|: l+-- +-: (2, 0) |n -| +| v<lz|- +-| t
Now solving (1) & (2) we get the points of intersections as (1,
3
)
|- t 1
Required Area = area of OBCAC (~|i -| = -| |n OBCAO)
= 2 area ODCAO
curve is symmetrical about x-axis (+ x-~-| + =|-| =nln- t|
=
1
0
2 ydx
for II circle ( -| II + ln(| 2
+
2
1
2 y dx
for Ist circle ( -| I + ln(| =
1 2
2 2
0 1
2 4 ( 2) 2 4 x dx x dx +

=
1 2
2 1 2 1
1 0
1 4 2 1 1
2 ( 2) 4 ( 2) sin 2 4 4sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
x x
x x x x

+ + +

=
1 2
2 1 2 1
1 0
2
( 2) 4 ( 2) 4sin 4 4sin
2 2
x x
x x x x

+ + +

=
1 1 1 1
1 1
( 3 4sin 4sin (1) 4sin (1) 3 4sin
2 2

+ +

2
=
( 3 4 ) 4 4 3 4
6 2 2 6

+ +

=
2 2
3 2 2 3
3 3

+ +

=
8 4
2 3 2 3
3 3

=

square unit ( :+|:|
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SECTION ([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
n l-l-t- + 28 1 = 28
1. The angle between the lines whose direction cosines satisfy the equation l + m + n = 0. l
2
+ m
2
n
2
= 0 is given
by (-- ||~| + i- +| +|| l-+i l<+ +|-|( l, m, n, =ni+|| l + m + n = 0 -|| l
2
+ m
2
n
2
= 0 +| =-
+-i t|
(a)
5
6
(b)
3
(c)
2
3
(d)
6
2. If (l<| y = tan
1

sin
,
1 cos
x

+

then (-| |
dy
dx
=
(a) 1 + cos
2
x (b)
1
4
(c)
1
4
(d)
1
2
3. Area lying between the curves y
2
4x and y = 2x is (+ y
2
4x -|| y = 2x || + i- l| -| | +| -| |n t |
(a)
1
4
(b)
3
4
(c)
2
3
(d)
1
3
4.
1
1
| |
+
x dx
| t
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c)
1
2
(d) none of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
5. The function (n-| f(x) = x
3
6x
2
+ 12x 18 is
(a) Increasing on ]a, 0[ and decreasing on ]0 ,[ (], 0[ n lzn|- ~| ]0 ,[ n r|=|
(b) Monotonic increasing for all x ( x R n (+ l< lzn|- t|
(c) Monotonic decreasing for all x ( x R n (+ l< lzn|- t|
(d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
6. The angle between two lines (<| ||~||
1 3 4

2 2 1
x y x + +
and (-||)
4 4 1

1 2 2
x y z + +
is + i- +|
+|| t|
(a)
1
3
cos
9
(b)
1
4
cos
9
(c)
1
1
cos
9
(d)
1
2
cos
9
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7. The slope of the tangent to the curve x t
2
+ 3t 8, y 2t
2
2t 5 at the point (2, 1) is
(+ x t
2
+ 3t 8, y 2t
2
2t 5 + l-< (2, 1) z| || +i v|-| t|
(a)
7
6
(b)
6
7
(c)
22
7
(d)
6
7
8.
9 10
10
10 10 log
10
x
x
x e
dx
x
+
+
is equal to (| t|
(a) (10
x
x
10
)
1
+ c (b) log[10
x
x
10
] + c (c) 10
x
x
10
+ c (d) 10
x
+ x
10
+ c
9. Smaller area bounded by the circle x
2
+ y
2
= 4 and the line x + y = 2 is
( -| x
2
+ y
2
= 4 -|| =n || x + y = 2 + i- l| | || +| -||n t||
(a) 2p 1 (b) 2(p + 2) (c) 2 (p 2) (d) p 2
10.
3
2
5 +
x
dx
x x
(| t|
(a)
1
2
(b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 2
11. The area of a parallelogram having diagonals (-= =n|- --| +| -||n l=+ l+||
3 i j k

+
and
(-|||
3 4 i j k

+
( t|
(a) 8 (b) 4 (c)
3
30
2
(d)
5 3
12.
2
3
2
0
4 9 +
dx
x
is equal to (| t|
(a)
24
(b)
4
(c)
6
(d)
12
13. Two events A and B have probabilities 0.25 and 0.50 respectively. The probability that both A and B occur
simultaneously is 0.14. Then, the probability that neither A nor B occurs is
(<| |-|~| A ( B +i v|l+-| +nz| 0.25 ( 0.50 t <|-| |-|~| A ~| B + =||=|| |- +i v|l+-| 0.14
t -+ <|-| A ~| B n = l+=i + -ti |- +i v|l+-| t
(a) 0.11 (b) 0.25 (c) 0.39 (d) None of these (:-n = +|: -ti|
14. The slope of the normal to the curve y = 2x
2
+ 3sinx at x = 0 is
(+ y = 2x
2
+ 3sinx + l-< x = 0 ~l|n +i c|n t|
(a) 3 (b) 1/3 (c) 3 (d) 1/3
15. A plane passes through (1, 2, 1) and is perpendicular to the planes 2x 2y + z = 0 and x y + 2z = 4, then the
distance of the plane from the point (1, 2, 2) is
(l-< (1, 2, 2) = -= -n +i <i | l-< (1, 2, 1) = -i t 2x 2y + z = 0 -|| x y + 2z = 4 -n| (
n- t|
(a)
2
(b)
2 2
(c) 0 (d) 1
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16.
1 1
tan 3 sec (2)
is equal to (| t|
(a)
3
(b)
2
3
(c) (d)
17. If 9 is the root of the equaton (l< =|l|+ +| (+ nn|

3 7
2 2 0,
7 6
x
x
x
= then other two roots are (t| -| ~-
<| nn t||
(a) 2, 7 (b) 2, 7 (c) 2, 7 (d) 2, 7
18. Let E = {1, 2, 3, 4} and F = {1, 2}, then number of onto functions from E to F is
(n|-| l+ E = {1, 2, 3, 4} ( F = {1, 2} -| E = F n ~|-|<+ n-| +i =| t
(a) 12 (b) 8 (c) 16 (d) 14
19. If
3
+ =
then sin.sin has a maximum value at equal to
(l<
3
+ =
-| sin.sin +| ~l|+-n n|- t|| +| n|- t|||
(a)
4
(b)
3
(c)
6
(d) None of these (:-n = +|: -ti|

20. If (l<| P(A) =
1
,
2
P(B) = 0, then (-| ) (
A
P
B

is (t|
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c)
1
2
(d) not defined (l||l|- -ti|
(l---lnl|- (21-25) vz-| n <| +|- l< ( t , +|-I + |< +|-II +| |- = c -|| l<( (
l+-| n = =ti l+- +| --| -|ln+| n l-l-t- + |
(a) If both the Assertion and Reason are corredt and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(<|-| +|- =ti t -|| +|-II +|-I +i =ti || t|
(b) If both the Assertiona nd Reason are correct but Reason is not the explanation of the Assertion.
(<|-| +|- =ti t -- +|-II +|-I +i =ti || -ti t|
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is wrong. (+|-I =ti t -- +|-II n- t
(d) Assertion is wrong but Reason is correct. (+|-I n- t -- +|-II =ti t|
21. Statement (+|-| : I. Let (n|-| l+|P (A B) =
1
4
, P(A) =
1
2
and (-||| P(B) =
1
2
. Then the event A and B
are independent events. ( - |-| A ( B -| |-|( t |
Statement (+|-| : II. P(A B) P(A) . P(B)
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22. Statement (+|-| : I. The vector (=l<z|| 2 3 a i j k

= + + and (-||| 5 2 4 b i j k

= + + are perpendicular
to each other. ((+ < = n- t|
Statement (+|-| : II. The vector (=l<z||
a
(
b
n-- t|| l<

0 a b

=
)
23. Statement (+|-| : I. Rolle's Theorem apply for f(x) = x
2
+ 2x 8 on [4, 2]
(n- f(x) = x
2
+ 2x 8 ~--|n [4, 2] n | n vn +i z|-| +| =- +-| t
Statement (+|-| : II. f '(x) exists on [4, 2] (~--|n [4, 2] n f '(x) +| ~l- t|
24. Statement (+|-| : I. For the function f(x) = 4x
3
+ 9x
2
12x has local maxima at x = 2
(n- f(x) = 4x
3
+ 9x
2
12x +| l-< x = 2 nt-|n n|- t|
Statement (+|-| : II. f '(2) = 0 and f ' (2) > 0 (+|l+ f '(2) = 0 -|| f ' (2) > 0|
25. Statement (+|-| : I. If (l<| A = {1, 2, 3} and (-||| R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (1, 2) (2, 1)} then R is reflexive relation.
(-| R (+ - - =--| t|
Statement (+|-| : II.The relation R is symmetric and transitive. (=--| R =nln- ( =+n+ t |
-|ln+| n ~ l+- +
26. Let In n|-| l+ =
4
0
tan
n
xdx
, n I, then (-|
(a) I
n
+ I
n2
=
1
1 n
(b) I
n
+ I
n 2
=
1
n
(c) I
1
= I
3
+ 2I
5
27. At (l--- +| n|-|
3
2
x =
the value is real for ( |-l+ t|||
(a) cos
1
2x (b) cosec
1
x (c) tan
1
x (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
28. If
| | 4 a
=
| | 2 b
= and the angle between a
and
b
is
6
then,
2
( ) a b

is equal to
(l<
| | 4 a
=
( | | 2 b
= -|| a
~|
b
+ i- +| +||
6
t -|
2
( ) a b

+| n|- t|||
(a) 2
a
(b) 16 (c) 48 (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|

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correctily. 41 = 6
I. If (l<| tan
1
2x + tan
1
3x =
4
then (-| x = (a)

log2
2
II.
2
0
logsin . x dx
(b) 2
III. The value of for which planes (l< -n| 2x 4y + 3z = 7 and (( |
x + 2y + z = 18 are perpendicular to each other18 n-- t| -| +| n|- t||| (c)
1
6
IV. If (l<| f(x) =
1, 1
3 5, 0
kx x
x x
+
>
Is continuous at x = 5, then value of k is

=-- t| -| k +| n|-| (d)
9
5
vz- = | 30 + ln( (+ -,| l<| | t =|||-i = := -,| +| c + =nn -|| -=+ |< -i- l<(
( -i- vz-| + =ti --| l< ( l+-| n = l-l-t- +
30. Paragraph : A square matrix A is called ((+ ~|t A +t| |-| t|
(i) Idempotent if A
2
= A ( =n l< A
2
= A (ii) Involuntary if A
2
= I (~-n-i l< A
2
= I)
(iii) Nilpotent matrix of index K if A
R
= O and A
k 1
O, K 2
(k ||-|+ +| z|- ||i ~|t l< A
k
= 0 (z|- ~|t| -|| A
k 1
0, K 2|
I. Matrix
2 2 4
1 3 4
1 2 3

is (t|
(a) Nilpotent of order 2 (2 ||-|+ +| z|-||i| (b) Idempotent ( =n|
(c) Involuntary (~-n-i| (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
II. Matrix (~|t|
5 8 0
3 5 0
1 2 3

is (t|
(a) Nilpotent of order 2 (2 ||-|+ +| z|-||i| (b) Idempotent ( =n|
(c) Involuntary (~-n-i| (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
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III. Matrix (~|t|
1 3 4
1 5 0
1 3 4

is (t|
(a) Nilpotent of order 2 (2 ||-|+ +| z|-||i| (b) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
(c) Involuntary (~-n-i| (d) Idempotent ( =n|
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 60
vz- = | 1 = 8 -+ n| --|i +| l + t v + vz- + ln( 4 ~ + l-|| l- t 8 4 = 32
1. In any triangle ABC, if A = tan
1
2 and B = tan
1
3 then Prove that
C
4
=
Or,
For what value of [ ]
1 3 2 1
: 1 1 2 5 1 2
15 3 2
O x x
x

=

2. Find the value of k so that the function f(x) = kx + 1, if x = cos x, if x Is continuous at x = .
3. If siny = x sin(x + y), prove that
2
sin ( )
sin
dy a y
dx a
+
=
Or,
If y = (tan
1
x)
2
, prove that (1 + x
2
)
2

2
2
2
2 (1 ) 2
d y dy
x x
dx
dx
+ + =
4. Find (a|- +|
3 1
( 1)( 2)( 3)
x
dx
x x x
Or,

2
0
1 sin x dx
5. Find (a|- +|
1 sin
1 cos
x
x
e dx
x
+

+

Or,

1
(1 )
0
n
x x dx
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6. Find the area of triangle whose adjacent sides are determined by the vectors (-= l|| +| -||n l-+|n
l=+i n|-| ||( t|
2 5 a i k

and
2 b i j k

=
7. Find (a|- +|
dy
dx
where (t||
cos log tan
2
x a

= +

and y = a sin
O r ,
If y = x
x
+ x
1/x
, find
dy
dx
:
8. A couple has two children. Find the probability that both children are boys if it is known that at least one of the
children is a boy.
Or,
A pair of dice is thrown 4 times. If getting a doublet considered a success, find the probability of getting 2
success
II. From question no 9 to 12 carry 7 marks each. These questions are of long answer type.
vz- = | 9 = 12 <i| --|i +| l + t v + vz- + ln( 7 ~ + l-|| l- t 4 7 = 28
9. Show that (=|l- +|
2 2 2
2 2 2 3
2 2 2
( )
( ) 2 ( )
( )
b c a a
b c a b abc a b c
c c a b
+
+ = + +
+
10. Prove that the curves (=|l- + l+ +| x = y
2
and (-||| xy = k cut at right angles if 8k
2
= 1
Or,
Find (a|- +|
2
0
2
( 3) +
x dx as the limit of sum ? (<| lnl- + | + n|

11. Find the equation of the line of intersection of planes 4x + 4y 5z = 12 and 8x + 12y 13z = 32 in the symmetric
form ?
Or,
The two adjacent sides of a parallelogram are
2 4 5 i j k

+
and
2 3 . i j k

Find the unit vector parallel
to its diagonals. Also find its area.
12. One kind of cake requires 200g of flour and 25g of fat and another kind of cake requires 100g of flour and 50g
of fat. Find the maximum number of cake which can be made from 5kg of flour and 1kg of fat assuming that
there is no shortage of the other ingredients used in making the cakes.
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SECTION ([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
n l-l-t- + 28 1 = 28
1. Value of c for lagrange's mean value theoren for the function f(x) = 3x
2
+ 5x + 7 in the intervol [4, 3] is
(n- f(x) = 3x
2
+ 5x + 7 + ln( n| + n|n|- vn +| c, ~--|n [1, 3] n n|- t| ||
(a) 3 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) 1
2. If (l<|
| | | | a b a b

+ =
then (-|| the angle between (+ i- +| +||
a
and (~| )
b
is t|||
(a)
4
(b)
6
(c)
2
(d) 0
3. The order of the differential equation (~+n =ni+| +i +|l )
3
2 2
2
1
dy d y
dx
dx

+ =

is ( t|
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) 3
4. The solution of the differential equation (~+n =ni+||
tan sec
dy
y x x
dn
+ =
is (+| =n|||- t|
(a) y = tanx + cotx + c (b) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
(c) y = sinx + c cos x (d) y = sinx c cos x
5. If 3 2 , 3 4 i j k i j k

+ + + and 2 6 a i j k

are coplanar then a =
(l< 3 2 , 3 4 i j k i j k

+ + + ~| 2 6 a i j k

=n-ni t| -| a =)
(a) 0 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 2
6. If f(x) = 8x
3
and g(x) = x
1/3
then gof is
(l< f(x) = 8x
3
~| g(x) = x
1/3
-| gof =)
(a) 2x (b) 6x (c) 8x (d) 4x
7. The radius of a circles is increasing at the rate of 0.7 cm/sec. Then rate of increase in circumference is
((+ -| +i l|-| 0.7 cm/sec +i < = c ti t :=+i ll| +i lz +i < t|i|
(a) 0.7 cm/sec (b) cm/sec (c) 2.1 cm/sec (d) 1.7 cm/sec
23. i j k
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8. The slope of the tangent to the curve x = t
2
+ 3t 8, y = 2t
2
2t 5 at the point (2, 1) is.
(+ x = t
2
+ 3t 8, y = 2t
2
2t 5 + l-< (2, 1) z| || +| c|n t|
(a)
7
6
(b)
6
7
(c)
22
7
(d)
6
7
9. Value of
2 2
dx
x a
is (+| n|- t||| :
(a)
2 2
log | | x x a c + + +
(b)
2 2
log | | x x a c + +
(c)
1
sin
x
c
a
+
10. The equation of the plane through the origin and passing through the line of intersection of the planes x + y + z
= 4 and 5x 2y + z = 2 is (-n| ~| +i +|- || ~| nnl< = -|n -n +| =ni+| t|||
(a) 4x 3y = 0 (b) 9x 5y + z = 0
(c) 6x y + 2z = 0 (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
11. If A and B aree mutually exclusive events then (l< A ~| B <| ~i |-|( t| -|,
(a)
A
P =0
B

(b)
B
P =0
A

(c) P(A B) = 0 (d) P (A B) = 0
12.
1 1
tan tan
x x y
y x y
=
+
(a)
4
(b)
3
(c)
3
4
(d)
2
13. If f(x) = sin

1
x, then domain of f(x) is :
(l< f(x) = sin
1
x -| f(x) +| v|-- t|| |
(a) x 1 or x 1 (b) 1 x 1 (c) x 1 (d) None (+|: -ti|
14. The value of f(0), so that the function (+| n|- +| t|| l< n-|
1
3
1
5
(27 2 ) 3
( ) ( 0)
9 3(243 5 )
x
f x x
x
=
+
is contineory
at x = 0 is given by =-- t| |
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c)
2
3
(d) 6
15. If (l<|
1 0
A+B=
1 1

and (~||
1 1
A 2B=
0 1

then (-| ) A ==
(a)
2/3 1/3
2/3 1/3

(b)
1/3 1/3
2/3 1/3

(c)
1 1
2 1

(c)None (+|: -ti|
16. Let (n|-|| A = {(1, 2) (1, 1) (2, 2) (2, 1)}. Let (n|-|| R be a relation on ( (+ =z t| A then ( -| | R is
(a) Transitive (=+|n+| (b) Reflexive (--| (c) Symmetric (=nln-| (d) None (+|: -ti|
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17. Let A = {1, 2} how many binary operations can be defined on this set.
(n|-| l+ A = {1, 2} := =n-- l+-- l,- =l+|( l||l|- t| =+- t
(a) 16 (b) 20 (c) 8 (d) 10
18. For what values of x, the function x
3
+ 3x
2
+ 3x + 7 is increasing.
(x + l+= n|- + ln n- f(x) = x
3
+ 3x
2
+ 3x + 7 |n|- t|||
(a) x > 0 (b) x = 0 (c) for all x (=|i x + ln| (d) x < 0
19. If A and B are two events such that P(A B) = P(A) then
(l< A ~| B <| |-|( := v+| t| -|l+ P(A B) = P(A) -| |
(a)
A
P 1
B

=

(b)
B
P 1
A

=

(c)
B
P 0
A

=

(d)
A
P 0
B

=

20. If a * b = a + b 2 and if x * 3 = 7 then what is the value of x
1
?
(l< a * b = a + b 2 ~| x * 3 = 7 -| x
1
+| n|- t|||
(a) 6 (b) 1 (c) 4 (d) 2
(l---lnl|- (21-25) vz-| n <| +|- l< ( t , +|-I + |< +|-II +| |- = c -|| l<( (
l+-| n = =ti l+- +| --| -|ln+| n l-l-t- + |
(<|-| +|- =ti t -|| +|-II +|-I +i =ti || t|
(<|-| +|- =ti t -- +|-II +|-I +i =ti || -ti t|
21. If f : A B and g : B C are one one onto function.
(l< f : A B ~| g : B C (++ ~|-|l<+ +n- t
Statement (+|-|I : gof : A C is one one (|i (++ t|||
Statement (+|-| II : gof : A C is onto (|i ~|-|l<+ t|||
22. Let (n|-| l+| A and (~|| B be two events such that (<| |-|( t -|l+| P(A B) =
1
,
4
P(A) =
1
2
and (~|)
P(B) =
1
2
Statement (+|-| I : A and B are independent events (A ~| B -| |-|( t |
Statement (+|-| II. : P(A B) P(A).P(B)
23. Let a * b =
2
a b +
n|-| l+ a * b =
2
a b +
Statement (+|-| I : * is commulative but not associative (+nll-n t|| -- =|t- -ti|
Statement (+|-| II : * is a binary operation (* (+ l,- =l+| t|
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24. Let (n|-| l+| I
n
=
/ 4
0
tan
n
xdx
where (t|) n N.
Statement (+|-| I :
/ 4
9
0
1
tan (3 8)
12
xdn
Statement (+|-| II :
2
1
I I
1
n n
n
+ =
25. Statement (+|-| I :
4 5 , a b c b c

+ +
and (~|| 5 9 4 a b c

+ + are coplanar, where ((+-ni t, l+|

, , a b c

are non coplanar. (-+-ni t|
Statement (+|-| II : If (l<| ( ) p q r

= then (-| ) , , p q r

are non coplonar. ((+-ni -ti t|
-|ln+| n ~ l+- +
26.
2 2
1
sin cos
dx
x x
=
(a)
2
sec
9
2
x
+ (b)
2
3 sec
2 2
x
(c)
2
tan
5
2
x
(d)
2
tan
3
2
x
27. If (l<|
, a b c

+ =
then (-||
a b

=
(a)
c a

(b)
a c

(c)
b c

(d)
c b

28. If the direction ratio of a line are 1 + , 1 , 2 and it makes an angle of 60 with the y-axis then l is.
l< l+=i =n || + l<+ ~-|- 1 + , 1 , 2 t| | y ~-| + =|| 60 +| +|| -|-| t, -| =
(a)
1 3
(b)
2 5
(c)
1 3 +
(d)
2 5 +
correctily. 41 = 6
I. If
1 1 2
A 0 2 3
3 2 4

=

then (-|| |adj A| (a) 6
II. Minimum value of f(x) = x
3
2x
2
+ x + 6 (+| l---a n|- t||| (b) 12
III.
( 2 3 ) (2 ) ( ) i j k i j k j k

+ + +
(c) 1
IV. The experiment is done 10 times. The most propable no. of success
of getting white ball is (v| 10 | l+| |-| t =|l|+ | =| (d) 7
=< < |- +i =n-| +i =| t|i|
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vz- = | 30 + ln( (+ -,| l<| | t =|||-i = := -,| +| c + =nn -|| -=+ |< -i- l<(
( -i- vz-| + =ti --| l< ( l+-| n = l-l-t- +
If A is a non empty set, then R A A is said to be a relation on A. A relation R on 'A' is said to be
(l< A (+ ~l+- =|n - t| ( R A A -| R +| =n-- n (l,~|||i =z +t- t |
l+=i =n-- A n = | R +| +t- t
(i) Reflexive if aRa, i.e. (a, a) R a A. (--, l< aRa, ~||- (a, a) R a A
(ii) Symmetric if aRb then bRa i.e. if (a, b) R then (b, a) R and (b, c) R then (a, c) R. a, b, c A.
(=nln-, l< aRb -| bRa ~||- (a, b) R -| (b, a) R, a, b A
(iii) Transitive if aRb and bRc then aRc i.e. if (a, b) R and (b, c) R then (a, c) R. a, b, c A.
(=+n+ l< aRb ~| bRc -| aRc ~||- l< (a, b) R and (b, c) R -| (a, c) R. a, b, c A.
30. Relation R on A is an equivalence relation if R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. Now answer the question.
(=n -- A n = | R +| (+ - --| = | +t- t l< R, - -, =nln- ~| = +n+ t| ~ l--- vz-| + --| <|
I. The relation = (equals to) on the set of all integers Z is (|| +| + =n-- n '=' (|| =| t
(a) reflexive and symmetrici but not transitive (-- | =nln- l+- =+n+ -ti|
(b) equivalence relation (---| |
(c) reflexive but not symmetric (- - l+ - =nln- -ti|
(d) symmetric but not transitive (=nln- l+ - =+n+ -ti|
II. On the set of all integrs Z, the relation '>' (greater than) is (|| +| + =n-- n '>' (| t| =| t
(a) transitive (=+n+| (b) equivalence relation (---| |
(c) reflexive (--| (b) symmetric (=nln-|
III. On the set of all integers Z, the relation '<' (less than) is : (|| +| + =n-- n '<' (||| t| =| t|
(a) symmetric but not tronsitive (=nln- l+ - =+n+ -ti| (b) trorsitive (=+n+|
(c) reflexive but not symmetric (-- l+-- =nln- -ti|
(d) symmetric but not reflexive (=nln- l+ - - - -ti|
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 60
vz- = | 1 = 8 -+ n| --|i +| l + t v + vz- + ln( 4 ~ + l-|| l- t 4 8 = 32
1. A binonial variate X has mean = 6 and varionce = 2. What is the probability 5 X 7?
(+ l,< - X ++ ln n| = 6 ~| v=| = 2 t +| v|l+-| t l+ 5 X 7`
Or, '~||'
Find the probability distribution of the numbers obtained in throwing a die once ?
(+ |= +i (+ + n v|-- = |~| +| v|l+-| - a|- +|
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2. solve the differential equation (~+n =ni+| +| tn + |
2
2
1
1
dy y
dx
x
+
=
+
3. Using properties of determinant show that (=|l|+ + || +| v| + l=z +|
2
2
2
( )( )( )( )
x x yz
y y zx x y y z z x xy yz zx
z z xy
= + +
4. Find k, if 'f' is contineour at
2
x

=
(k, +| n|- l-+|n -|l+ n- 'f'
2
x

=
=- t||
cos
, if
2 2
( )
3, if
2
k x
x
x
f x
x

=

if (l<|
Or, '~||'
Find
dy
dx
if/
dy
dx

a|- +| l< x
y
+ y
x
= 1
5. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the point (1, 2, 3) which is perpendicular to the lines l-<
(1, 2, 3) = |- t ( =n || +| =ni+| a|- +il( | ||~| |
1 2
2 3 2
k y z +
= =
and (-|||
3 2 1
.
1 2 3
x y z + +
= =
( n t||
6. Using properties of definite integrals, evaluate (l-lz-- =n|+n- + || +i n<< =, n|- l-+|n||
I =
8
2
| 5| x dx
Or '~||'
Evaluate the definite Integrals as limit of sum. ( =n|+n- +| >|i + | +i =in| = a|- +|
I =
8
2
| 5| . x dx
7. If (l< )
3 2
A=
4 2

and
1 0
I=
0 1

, find k, so that (n|- a|- +| l<| A
2
= kA 2I.
Or '~||'
Show that (l=z + |
0 1 1
A= 1 0 1
1 1 0

is a skew symmetric matrix. ((+ l|n =nln- t|
8. If (l<|
1 1
1 1
tan tan ,
2 2 4
x x
x x
+
+ =
+
find the value of x ? (+| n|- a|- +|
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II. From question no 9 to 12 carry 7 marks each. These qu3stions are of long answer type.
vz- = | 9 = 12 <i| --|i +| l + t v + vz- + ln( 7 ~ + l-|| l- t 4 7 = 28
9. Prove that the rectangle of greatest area inscribed in a circle is a square.
l=z + l+ (+ -| + ~- - t-n -| |n |n| ~|- (+ t
10. Find the area of Ellipse
2 2
2 2
1
x y
a b
+ =
(<i| -|
2 2
2 2
1
x y
a b
+ =
+| -||n l-+|n
Or, '~||'
Integrate (=n|+n- +|
( )( )( )
dx
x a x b x c + +
11. How far is the point (4, 1, 1) from the line of intesection of the planes x + y + z = 4, x 2y z = 4?
-n| x + y + z = 4, x 2y z = 4 +i vl--< || = l-< (4, 1, 1) l+--i <i l|- t`
Or, '~||'
A furniture dealer deals in only two items, tables and chairs. he has Rs 5000 to invest and a space to store at
most 60 pieces. A table costs him Rs. 250 and a chair Rs. 50, he can sell a table at a profit of Rs. 50 and a chair
at a profit of Rs 15. Assuming that he can sell all the items that he buys how should he invest his money in order
that he may maximize his profit.
(+ -i- ||i n|| <| -( n ~| +=i --| t -=+ |= l-z| + ln( 5000 t ( +n 60 - l~|
+| |- +| ||- t (+ n 250 ~| (+ +=i +| 15 n|| + =|| --| t t n|-- t( l+ t l--i
-( |i<-| t --t - =+-| t, -= ~-| |-l += v+| l-lz|- +-| -|lt( l+ -= ~l|+-n n|| t|
12. Find the inverse of the following matrix using elementary operation. (l---lln|- ~|t +| vl-n|n v|l|+
=l+| +| v| + l-+|n|
1 3 2
A= 3 0 5
2 5 0

Or, '~||'
Express the following matrix as the sum of a symmetric and a skew symmetric matrix. (l---lnl|- ~|t +|
(+ =nln- ~| (+ l|n =nln- ~| t + | + n +- + |
1 3 2
A= 3 0 5
2 5 0

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SECTION ([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
n l-l-t- + 28 1 = 28
1. A Matrix has 18 elements, then possible orders of a matrix are (l< matrix A + 18 =< t, -| A + =|i =-|
+|l +i =| t|
(a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 4
2. If (l<|
3 1
A =
1 2

then (-| AA
2
5A 7I is (+| n|- t|
(a) diagonal matrix (l+| ~|t| (b) anidentity matrix (=n :+|: ~|t|
(c) zero matrix (z|- ~|t| (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
3. If (l<|
1 2
A =
2 4

then (-|
(a) A
2
= 2A (b) A
1
exists (A
1
+| ~l- t| (c) |A| = 0 (d) None (+|: -ti|
4. If
( )
{
; is an integer
; is not an integer
0
x x
x
f x =
then at x = 2, f(x) is
(l< f(x) = x, x (+ || + =| t = 0, x (+ || + =| -ti t -| f(x), x = 2 |
(a) not defined (l||l|- -ti t| (b) discontinuous (=-- -ti t |
(c) continuous (=-- t | (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
5. If (l<| y= cosex (cot
1
x) then
dy
dx
=
(a)
2
1
x
x
(b)
2
1
x
x +
(c)
2
1
x
x +
(d) None (+|: -ti|
6. The maximum value of (+| nt-|n n|-|
1
x
x

is (t|
(a)
1
e
e
(b)
1
1
e
e

(c) e (d) e
e
7. The value of c of Rolle's theorem for the function f(x) = x
2
1 is interval [1, 1] is
(n- f(x) = x
2
= 1 ~--|n [1, 1] n Rolle's vn + ~-=| c +| n|- t|
(a)
1
4
(b)
1
2
(c) 0 (d) None (+|: -ti|
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8.
1 cos
1 cos
x
dx
x
=
+
..............
(a)
2tan
2
x
x +
(b)
2tan
2
x
x c +
(c)
2
2
x
x tan c + +
(d) None (+|: -ti|
9.
/ 2
0
sin
sin cos
x
dx
x x
+
equal to (+| n|- t|
(a) (b)
2
(c)
4
(d) None (+|: -ti|

10.
2
1
4 9
dx
x +
equal to (| t|
(a)
1
1 3
tan
6 2
x
c

+

(b)
1
1 2
tan
2 3
c
x
+
(c)
1
1 3
tan
3 2
x
c
x
+
(d) None (+|: -ti|
11. If (l<| 2 3 6 ; 3 2 1 a i j k b i j k

= + = + then (=l<z| -| a b

=
(a) 6 (b) 18 (c) 12 (d) None (+|: -ti|
12. If A and B are such events that P(A) > 0 and P(B) 1 then P(
A
B
) is equal to
(l< A ~| B (= t l+ P(A) > 0 ~| P(B) 1 - P(A/B) | t|
(a)
1 P(A B)
P(B)
(b)
P(A)
P(B)
(c) 1 P (A/B) (d) 1 P (B/A)
13. If A and B are two events associated with same random experiment such that P(A) = 0.4, P(B) = 0.8 and P(B/
A) = 0.6 then P(A/B) is (l< A ~| B <| |-|( (+ ti |< l-+ v| = t| -|l+ P(A) = 0.4, P(B) = 0.8
~| P(B/A) = 0.6 -| P(A/B) t|
(a) 0.5 (b) 0.6 (c) 0.3 (d) 0.4
14. Area of the region bounded by the curve y = cosx between x = 0 and x = 2 is
(l+=i +i -|| +| -||n | l+ + y = cos x || t~| (l|| t~|| t| x = 0 ~| x = 2 t|||
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 4 (d) 3
15. Let f : N N be defined by f(x) = 2x + 3 x N then 'f ' is (l< f : N N := v+| t| l+ f(x) = 2x + 3
x N -| f)
(a) one-one onto ((++i~|-|<+ t| (b) into (~-|-|<+| (c) onto (~|-|<+| (d) None (+|: -ti|
16. Let f : R R is defined as f(x) = 2x
3
1. Then f
1
is
(l< f : R R := v+| l||l|- t| l+ f(x) = 2x
3
1 -| f +| vl-n|n t|||
(a) (1 2x)
3
(b)
1
3
1
2
x +

(c) 2x
3
+ 1 (d) (2x)
3
+ 1
17. A function 'f ' is ssid to be continuous as x = a if
((+ n- 'f ' x = a =-- +t| |-| t l<|
(a) f(a) exists (f(a) =-| t| (b)
Lt ( )
x a
f x
exists (
Lt ( )
x a
f x
+| ~l- t|
(c)
Lt ( )
x a
f x
does not exists (

Lt ( )
x a
f x
+| ~l- -ti t| (d) None (+|: -ti|

18. The binary operation * on Z is defined as a * b = a + b + 1 a, b z, then the identity element in Z is
(l< Z l,~|||i =l+| * := -t = l||l|- t| a * b = a + b + 1 a, b z -| Z n -=n+ ~ t||
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) None (+|: -ti|
19. If f : R R be a function defined as
( )
{
1; is irrational
rational ; 1 is
x
x
f x
=
Then f() is equal to
(l< f : R R := v+| l||l|- t| f(x) = 1 l< x ln t = 1 l< x ~ln t -| f() | t|||
(a) 1 (b) can't be found (-ti l-+|n =+- t| (c) 0 (d) 1
A
B
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20. f : A B will be onto mapping if (f : A B (+ ~-|<+ n- t|| l<|
(a) f(A) f(B) (b) f(A) B (c) f(A) = B (d) None (+|: -ti|
(l---lnl|- (21-25) vz-| n <| +|- l< ( t , +|-I + |< +|-II +| |- = c -|| l<( (
l+-| n = =ti l+- +| --| -|ln+| n l-l-t- + |
(<|-| +|- =ti t -|| +|-II +|-I +i =ti || t|
(<|-| +|- =ti t -- +|-II +|-I +i =ti || -ti t|
21. Statement (+|-| I : Let (n|-| l+| P(A B =
1
,
4
P(A) =
1
2
and (-||| P(B) =
1
2
then the events A and B
are independent. (-| |-|( A -|| B -| t |
Statement (+|-| II : P(A B) P(A) .P(B)
22. Statement (+|-| I : Let f : N Y be a function defined 7. as f(x) = 9x + 3 where Y = {y : y = 9x + 3, x N},
then f is one-one. (n|-| l+ f : N Y (+ n- t | f(x) = 9x + 3 l||l|- t, t| Y = {y :
y = 9x + 3, x N}, -| f (++i n- t|
Statement (+|-| II : For (+ ln(| x
1
, x
2
N we ahve f(x
1
) = f(x
2
) x
1
= x
2
23. Statement (+|-| I : If (l<| 3 2 a i j k

= + and (-||) 2 4 3 b i j k

=
Statement (+|-| II : | 2 | 86 a b

=
24. Statement (+|-| I : Let R be a relation over set A = {1, 2, 3} defined as R={(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 1)}
then R is an equivalence relation. (n|- ln| l+ R =n-- A = {1, 2, 3} (+ =--| t t|
R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 1)} - ---| =-| t |
Statement (+|-|II : R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive (R --, =nln- ( =+|n+ =--| t |
25. For the differential equation
dy
py Q
dx
+ =
( ~+n- =ni+|
dy
py Q
dx
+ =
+ ln(|
Statement (+|-| I : I.F. =
pdx
e
Statement (+|-| II : Solution is

Y Q
pdx pdx
e e dx c

= +
(tn t|
-|ln+| n ~ l+- +
26. The tangents to the circle x
2
+ y
2
= 25, which parallel to the line 2x y + 1 = 0 are
( -| x
2
+ y
2
= 25 =n || 2x y + 1 = 0 + =n|-|- z| || t|
(a)
2 4 5 y x = +
(b)
2 4 5 y x =
(c)
2 5 5 y x = +
(d)
2 5 5 y x =
27. Let (n|-| l+|
2 2
1 1
A =
then (-|
(a) |A| = 0 (b) A
1
exists (A
1
+| ~l- t| (c) A
2
= A (d) A
2
= I
28. The direction cosines of a line equally inclined with the co-ordinate axes are
(l-<z||+ ~-|| + =|| =n|- = n+ =n || +i l<+ l|-|( t|
(a)
1 1 1
, ,
3 3 3
(b)
1 1 1
, ,
3 3 3
(c)
1 1 1
, ,
3 3 3
(d)
1 1 1
, ,
3 3 3
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correctily. 41 = 6
I. (g * f)
1
is equal to (g * f)
1
| t| (a)
1
1
2
II. tan
1
(cot ) = 2 then is equal to (l< tan
1
(cot ) = 2 -| =) (b)
r i

=
III. The value of
/ 4
0
sin x dx
is (
/ 4
0
sin xdx
+| n|- t||| (c) f

1
* g
1
IV. Vector equation of x axis is (x-~-| +| =l<z| =ni+| t||| (d)
6
+
vz- = | 30 + ln( (+ -,| l<| | t =|||-i = := -,| +| c + =nn -|| -=+ |< -i- l<(
( -i- vz-| + =ti --| l< ( l+-| n = l-l-t- +
30. A differential equation of the form
Q
dy
py
dx
+ =
where P and Q are functions of x only is called a linear
differential equation in y. Integrating factor of this differential equation is
pdx
e
and solution is given by
. .
pdx pdx
y e Qe dx c

= +
(~+n =ni+|
Q
dy
py
dx
+ =
t| P -|| Q l= x +| n- t, y n l|+ ~+n- =ni+| +tn|-| t :=
~+n =ni+| + ln( =n|+n- ||+
pdx
e
t -|| :=+| tn
. .
pdx pdx
y e Qe dx c

= +
,|| l<| |-| t|

I. The integrating factor of the differential equation
2
dy
x y x
dx
=
is
(~+n =ni+|
2
dy
x y x
dx
=
+| =n|+n- ||+ t|
(a)
1
x
(b)
1
x
(c) x (d) x
II. The solution of the differential equaiton
dy y
x
dx x
=
is
(~+n =ni+|
dy y
x
dx x
=
+| tn t|
(a) y = 2x
2
+ ex (b) y = x
2
(c) y = x
3
+ ex (d) y = x
2
+ ex
III Integrating factor for the differential equation
2
tan (sec ) sin ;0
2
dy
x x y x x
dx
= < <
is
(~+n =ni+|
2
tan (sec ) sin ;0
2
dy
x x y x x
dx
= < <
+ ln( =n|+n- ||+ t|
(a) cot x (b) tan x
(c) tan x (d) cot x
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SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 60
vz- = | 1 = 8 -+ n| --|i +| l + t v + vz- + ln( 4 ~ + l-|| l- t 4 8 = 32
1. Show that the function f : R R defined by f(x) = |x| is neither one-one nor onto.
(=|l- + l+ n- f : R R | l+ l||l|- t f(x) = |x| - -| (++ ~| - ti ~-|<+ t|
Or, '~||'
Prove that
1 1 1
( )( )( ) a b c a b b c c a
bc ca ab
=
(=|l- + l+
1 1 1
( )( )( ) a b c a b b c c a
bc ca ab
=
2. A die is thrown. Find the probability of the occurence of a number more than 5. It is known that only odd
number occur.
((+ |= +i + n l< l|n =| - ~|-i t -| -= 5 = ~l|+ ~|- +i +| v|l+-| t|
3. Show that 1
x y
a b
+ = touches the curve
x
a
y be = at the point where the curve crosses the axis of y.
(l<|| l+
1
x y
a b
+ =
+
x
a
y be = +| -= l-< z| +-i t | y-~-| +| +|-i t|
4. I f x
m
y
n
= 1 find
dy
dx
(~ x
m
y
n
= 1 t| -|
dy
dx
+| n|- l-+|n|
5. Evaluatge cos x x dx
(n|- l-+|n cos x x dx
)
6. Solve the differential equation
2 x y y
dy
e x e
dx
+
= +
(~+n =ni+|
2 x y y
dy
e x e
dx
+
= +
+| tn l-+|n|
7. If

2 a i j k
= + + and

3 2 b i j k
= +
find the value of
( 3 ) (2 ). a b a b

+
(l<

2 a i j k
= + + -||

3 2 b i j k
= +
-|
( 3 ) (2 ). a b a b

+
+| n|- l-+|n`|
8. Find the shortest distance between the lines
3 6
4 3 2
x y z +
= =
and
2 7
4 1 1
x y z +
= =
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(<| =n ||~|
3 6
4 3 2
x y z +
= =
-||
2 7
4 1 1
x y z +
= =
+ i- +i ---n <i a|- +`|
vz- = | 9 = 12 <i| --|i +| l + t v + vz- + ln( 7 ~ + l-|| l- t 4 7 = 28
9. Find the inverse of the matrix (a|- +| A, where (t| )
3 1 2
A= 2 0 1
3 5 0

Or '~||
Find the image of the point (1, 6, 3) in the line
1 2
1 2 3
x y z
= =
(=n ||
1 2
1 2 3
x y z
= =
n l-< (1, 6, 3) +| vl-l- a|- +`|
10. Solve graphically and find the maximum values of z = 5x + 2y subject to the constraints 2x + 3y 6; x 2y
2; 6x + 4y 24; x 0, y 0
(~l|+-n n|- a|- + z = 5x + 2y l+ 2x + 3y 6; x 2y 2; 6x + 4y 24; x 0, y 0|
11. If
2 2
1 1 1 x y y x + = Prove that
2
2
1
1
dy y
dx
x
=
(l<
2 2
1 1 1 x y y x + = -| =|l- + l+
2
2
1
1
dy y
dx
x
= |
Or, '~||'
If (~| sin y = a sin (a + y), Prove that (-| =|l- + l+|
2
sin ( )
sin
dy a y
dx a
+
=
12. Evaluate
cos
dx
a b x +
. Find the area of the smaller part of the circle x

2
+ y
2
= a
2
cut of by the line
2
a
x =
(n|- l-+|n
cos
dx
a b x +
=n ||
2
a
x =
,|| -| x
2
+ y
2
= a
2
+| ( n|- | +| -| l-+|n|
Or, '~||'
Prove that (=|l- + l+|
/ 2
0
sin
sin cos 4
x
dx
x x

=
+
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SECTION ([k.M)I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
n l-l-t- + 28 1 = 28
1. The area bounded by parabola y
2
= 4ax and its latus recturn is
(n y
2
= 4ax ~| -=+ ~l|n- = l| -|| +| -||n t|||
(a)
2
8
3
a
sq. units (b)
2
4
3
a
sq. units
(c)
2
2
3
a
sq. units (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
2.
2 2
1 1 ( ) x y a x y + =
then
dy
dx
is equal to
(l<
2 2
1 1 ( ) x y a x y + =
-
dy
dx
+| n|- t|||
(a)
2
2
1
1
x
y

(b)
2
2
1
1
y
x

(c)
2
2
1
1
x
y
(d)
2
2
1
1
y
x
3. If a relation R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive then the relation is
(~ (+ =| R, - -, =nln- -|| = +|n+ t| -| , =--| +tn|-| t |
(a) Binary (l,~|||i| (b) Conuugate (= n|
(c) Equivalence (---|| (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
4. Slope of normal to the curve x
3
= 8a
2
y, a > 0 at the point in the first quadrant is
2
,
3
then the point is
(+ x
3
= 8a
2
y, a > 0 + l+=i l-< + ~l|n- +i v|n < n v|-|
2
,
3
t -| t l< t|||
(a) (a, 2a) (b) (a, a) (c) (2a, a) (d) (2a, a)
5. Let A = {1, 2, 3} then number of equivalence relations containing (1, 2) is
(l< A = {1, 2, 3} t| -| ~ (1, 2) |n ---| =|| +i =| t |
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 1 (d) 2
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6. The maximum value of sinx + cosx,
0
2
x

< <
is
(sinx + cosx +|
0
2
x

< <
~-|n n nt-|n n|- t| ||
(a)
2
(b)
3
2
(c) 1 (d) 2
7. If
1
( )
2
f x x =
then
1
f
x

is (l<
1
( )
2
f x x =
-|
1
f
x

t|||
(a) 0 (b) f(x) (c) f(x) (d) none
8.
2
tan x dx
is equal to (
2
tan x dx
| t|||
(a) xtanx + c (b) x tanx + x + c (c) tanx + x + c (d) tanx x + c
9. If f : R R is defined by f(x) = x
2
3x + 2, then the value of f(2) is
(l< f : R R t| f(x) = x
2
3x + 2 ,|| l||l|- t| -| f(2) +| n|- t|||
(a) 0 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 4
10. If a and b are the order and degree of the differential equation
2
3
2
cos ,
dy d y
y x sy x
dx
dx
+ + =
then
(l< a -|| b ~+n- =ni+|
2
3
2
cos ,
dy d y
y x sy x
dx
dx
+ + =
+| +|l -|| ||- t| -||
(a) a > b (b) a = b
(c) a < b (d) None (:-n = +| : -ti|
11. If f : R R such that f(x) = x
2
then what type of a function is f ?
(l< f : R R t| f(x) = x
2
-| f +=| n- t`
(a) bijective ((++|
(b) neither injective nor surjective (- (+ + ~| - ~|-|<i|
(c) injective, not surjective ((++, ~|-|<i -ti| (d) surjective, not injective ((++ ~|-|<i|
12. The value of

( ) ( ) ( ) i j k j i k k i j + + is (+| n|- t|
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 0 (d) 1
13. The binary operation * is defined on the set R of real numbers is a * b =
1
( ).
2
a b +
Which of the following laws
do not hold for this operations ?
(|-l+ =|~| + =n-- R n l,- =l+| * := v+| l||l|- t l+ a * b =
1
( ).
2
a b +
:= =l+| + ln(
+|- =| l-n ~= t`|
(a) associative law (=|t- l-n|
(b) closure law (=+ l-n|
(c) commutative (+nll-n l-n|
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14. The direction cosines of a line equally inclined with the coordinate axes are
(l-<z||+ ~-|| + =|| =n|- = n+ =n || +i l<+ +|-|( t|
(a)
1 1 1
, ,
3 3 3
(b )
1 1 1
, ,
3 3 3
(c)
1 1 1
, ,
3 3 3
(d)
1 1 1
, ,
3 3 3
15. The value of the determinsnt having two rows (or columns) identical is
(l+=i =|l|+, l=+i +|: <| l+-| (| --|| =n|- t, +| n|- t|-| t|
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 1 (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti
16. A and B are two independent events then P(A B) is equal to
(A ~| B <| -| |-|( t -| P(A B) is equal to
(a)
B
P(A)P
A

(b) P(A + B) (c) 0 (d) P(A).P(B)
17. The value of (=|l|+|
2
2
2
1
1
1
w w
w w
w w
is equal to (+| +|- t|||
(a) w (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) 1
18. Distance between the two planes 2x + 3y + 4z = 4 and 4x + 6y + 8z = 12 is
(=n-n| 2x + 3y + 4z = 4 ~| 4x + 6y + 8z = 12 + i- +i <i t|
(a) 8 units (8 :+|:| (b)
2
29
units (
2
29
:+|:|
(c) 2 units (2 :+|:| (d) 4 units (4 :+|:|
19. Let A be a square matrix of order 3 3, then |kA| is equal to
(l< A (+ 3 3 +|l +| ~|t t -| |kA| +| n|- t|||
(a) k
3
|A| (b) 3k |A| (c) k |A| (d) k
2
|A|
20. The maximum value of z = 4x + 2y subjected to the constraints 2x + 3y 18, x + y 10 x, y 0 is
(~l|+-n n|- z = 4x + 2y vl--| 2x + 3y 18, x + y 10 x, y 0 + ~--- t|
(a) 30 (b) 40 (c) 36 (d) None (+|: -ti|
(l---lnl|- (21-25) vz-| n <| +|- l< ( t , +|-I + |< +|-II +| |- = c -|| l<( (
l+-| n = =ti l+- +| --| -|ln+| n l-l-t- + |
(<|-| +|- =ti t -|| +|-II +|-I +i =ti || t|
(<|-| +|- =ti t -- +|-II +|-I +i =ti || -ti t|
21. Statement (+|-| I : If A be the set of all lines in the plane then the relation parallel is an equivalence relation.
(=n-n + =n ||~| + =n-- A n = | 'II' - --| = | t |
Statement (+|-| II : Relation parallel is not transitive.(=| 'II' =+n+ -ti t|
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22. Statement (+|-| I : Let (n|-|| A = R {3} and (-||| B = R {1}. Consider the function (n- ) f : A
B defined by ( | = l||l|- t|
2
( )
3
x
f x
x
=
then f(x) is - f (+ +(++ t
Statement (+|-| II : f(x) is onto.(~|-|<+ t|
23. Statement (+|-| I :
1
3
1
0 x dx =
( ) 0
a
a
f a dx =
where f(x) is an odd function. (l+ f(x) (+ l|n n- t|
24. Statement (+|-| I : Vector (=l<z| ) 2 3 a i j k

= + and (-|||
5 2 4 b i j k

= +
are perpendicular to
each other. ( n- t|
0 a b

=
25. Statement (+|-| I : Let P(A B) =
1
4
, P(A) =
1
2
, P(B) =
1
2
then evemts A and B are independent
(n|-| l+ P(A B) =
1
4
, P(A) =
1
2
, P(B) =
1
2
- A ~| B -| t |
Statement (+|-| II : P(A B) P(A) P(B)
-|ln+| n ~ l+- +
26. For differential equation
2
1
dy dy
y x a
dx dx

= + +

(~+n- =ni+|
2
1
dy dy
y x a
dx dx

= + +

+ ln(|
(a) degree is 1 (||- 1 t| (b) degree is 2 (||- 2 t|
(c) order is 2 (+|l 2 t| (d) order is 1 (+|l 1 t|
27. Let (n|-| l+|
2 2
A=
1 1

then (-|
(a) |A| = 0 (b) A
1
exist (A
1
+| ~l- t|
(c) A
2
= A (d) A
2
= I (unit matrix) (A
2
= I :+|: ~|t|
28. If z is the set of integers a relation R is defined by xRy (x y) = odd number then R is :
(l< || +| +| =n-- z xRy (x y) = (+ l|n || + ,|| l||l|- (+ =| t, -| R t
(a) Not transitive (=+|n+ -ti| (b) equivalence relation (---| =| t|
(c) symmetry (=nlnl-| (d) reflexive (--|
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correctily. 41 = 6
I. The range of the function
1
( )
2 cos3
f x
x
=
is (a) 0
(n-
1
( )
2 cos3
f x
x
=
+| |= t|
II.
2
0
log tan xdx
(b)
2
III. sin
1
x + cos
1
x (c)
1
, 1
3

IV. The maximum value of f(x) = x
3
6x
2
+ 9x + 15 (d) 19
(f(x) = x
3
6x
2
+ 9x + 15 +| nt-|n n|- t| ||
vz- = | 30 + ln( (+ -,| l<| | t =|||-i = := -,| +| c + =nn -|| -=+ |< -i- l<(
( -i- vz-| + =ti --| l< ( l+-| n = l-l-t- +
30. A differential equation of the form
dy
py Q
dx
+ =
where P and Q are functions of x only is called a linear
differential equation is y. Integrating factor of this differential equation is
pdx
e
and solution of the differential
equation is given by
pdx pdx
ye Qe dx c

= +
(~+n- =ni+|
dy
py Q
dx
+ =
t| P -|| Q l= x +| n-
t, y n l|+ ~+n- =ni+| +tn|-| t := ~+n- =ni+| + ln( =n|+n- ||+
pdx
e
t -|| :=+| tn
pdx pdx
ye Qe dx c

= +
,|| l<| |-| t|

I. The integrating factor of the differential equation
tan
dy
x y x
dx
+ =
is
(~+n- =ni+|
tan
dy
x y x
dx
+ =
+| =n|+n- ||+ t|
(a) x
3
(b) 2x (c) x
2
(d)
2
x
e
II. The solution of the differential equation
2
cos tan
dy
x y x
dx
+ =
is
(~+n- =ni+|
2
cos tan
dy
x y x
dx
+ =
+| tn t|
(a) y = tanx + ce
tan x
(b) y = (tanx + 1) + ce
tanx
(c) y = (tanx 1) + ce
tanx
(d) y = (tanx 1) + ce
tanx
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III. The solution of the differential equation
2 tan sin ,
dy
y x x
dx
+ =
y = 0 at
3
x

=
(~+n- =ni+|
2 tan sin ,
dy
y x x
dx
+ =
y = 0,
3
x

=
+| tn t|
(a) y = cosx 2 cos
2
x (b) y = cosx + 2cos
2
x
(c) y = cosx + cos
2
x (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|
SECTION ([k.M )II
NON-OBJECTI VE (xS j&oLrq fu"B)
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 60
vz- = | 1 = 8 -+ n| --|i +| l + t v + vz- + ln( 4 ~ + l-|| l- t 4 8 = 32
1. Prove that (l<|| l+|
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1
a
b abc
a b c
c
+

+ = + + +

+
Or, '~||'
If ~
A
a b
c d

=

such that (:= v+|| ad bc 0 then find A A
1
. (a|- + |
2. Discuss the continuity of the function f given by f(x) = x
3
+ x
2
+ 1
(l< ( n- f, f(x) = x
3
+ x
2
+ 1 +| =|- l-||| +|
Or '~||'
Consider (n|- nil(| f : N N, g : N N and h : N R defined by (l||l|- t| f(x) = 2x
g (y) = 3y + 4 and (~|| h(z) = sinz
, x,y,z, in N. Show that (l<||( l+|(hog)of = ho(gof).

3. Verify Rolle's theorem for the function f(x) = x
3
3x
2
+ 2x in the interal [0, 2] or
sin(log ) x
dx
x
(~-|n [0, 2] n | n vn +i =-| |-, l< f(x) = x

3
3x
2
+ 2x, or
sin(log ) x
dx
x
|
4. Evaluate (n|- l-+|n|
4
1
( ) f x dx
where (t|| ( )
{
2 8; 1 2
6 2 4
;
x x
x x
f x
+

=
5. If
a
and
b
are unit vectors and is the angle between them, prove that
1
| | sin
2 2
a b

=
(l<
a
~|
b
+| (+|+ =l<z| t ~| --+ n +| +|| t| -| l=z +
1
| | sin
2 2
a b

=
|
6. Prove that the lines x = ay + b, z = cy + d and x =
' a
y +
' b
, z =
' c
y +
' d
are perpendition if a ' a + b ' b = 1.
(l<|| l+ || x = ay + b, z = cy + d -|| x =
' a
y +
' b
, z =
' c
+
' d
n-- t l< a ' a + b ' b = 1|
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7. Define independent events and prove that if A and B are independent events, then P(A B) = 1 P(A') P(B')
(-| |-| +i l|||| < ( l=z + l+ l< A ~| B -| |-|( t| -| P(A B) = 1 P(A') P(B')|
8. If
2
1 1
2 2
2 1
sin sec
1 1
x x
y
x x

+
= +

+

find
dy
dx
(l<
2
1 1
2 2
2 1
sin sec
1 1
x x
y
x x

+
= +

+

dy
dx
v|-- +|
vz- = | 9 = 12 <i| --|i +| l + t v + vz- + ln( 7 ~ + l-|| l- t 4 7 = 28
9. A manufacturing company makes two models A and B of a product. Each piece of model A requires 9 labour
hours for fabricating and 1 labour hour for finishing. Each piece of model B requires 12 labour hours for
fabricating and 3 labour hours for finishing for fabricating. The maximum labour hours available are 180 and 30
respectively. The company makes a profit of Rs. 8000 on each piece of model and Rs. 12000 on each piece of
model B. How many piece of model A and model B should be manufactured per week to get a maximum profit
and what is the maximum profit per week ?
((+ l-n||+-|| +-i (+ -|< + <| -n- (vl-n|-| A -|| B -|-i t -n-| A + v+ - -|- + ln(
9 >n | ~| 1 || | lnz| +- + ln( n-| t l+ -n-| B + v+ - -|- n 12 >n | -|| | lnz| +-
n 3 >n || +i ~|z+-| t|-i t -|- -|| | lnz| +- + ln( -n| ~l|+-n >n | +nz| 180 -|| 30
| t +-i -n -| A + v+ - 8000 -|| -n-| B + v+ - 12000 +| n|| +n|-i t -n-|
A ~| -n-| B + l+-- -| +| ~l|+-n n|| +n|- + ln( vl- =--|t l-n|| +-| -|lt(` vl- =--|t ~l|+-n
n|| +| t `
10.
1
1
x
dx
x +
Or, '~||'
2
0
logsin x dx
11. Find the area bounded by the curve y = cos x between x = 0 and x = 2
(x = 0 ( x = | + n + y = cos x = l| -| | +| -| |n a|- + |
12. Prove that if a plane has intercepts a, b, c and is a distance p units from the origin, then
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
a b c p
+ + =
(l< (+ =n-n + ~-| a, b, c t ~| :=+i nn l< = <i p :+|: t -| l=z + l+
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
a b c p
+ + =
Or, '~||'
A die is thrown 6 times if getting an odd number is a success. What is the probability of at least 5 success.
((+ |=| +| 6 | -|n| | l< l|n =| +| ~|-| =n-| t -| ---n 5 =n-| v|-- t|- +i v|l+-| a|-
+|
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Ph-[ 1 ]
MODEL PAPER
d{kkXII
HkkS frdh (PHYSICS)
=n | - ln- (~l-l+-| ] [ || +
=-|i z- ~l-| t (All Questions are compulsory)
n- --| + ln( l+=i -t +i +|-i -ti t|i (There is No negative marking for any wrong answer.)
z-| <| || n t (Questions are in two sections)
| I (SECTION-I)
- l-a z- (Objective)
| II (SECTION-II)
- l-a z- (Non-Objective)
:. +z <i| --|i z-| n ~| -l+ l+- -|i l<( ( t ~| = z-| n -n l+-| n = l+=i (+ z- +|
ti --| <
. ||=-| =-|i z-| +| --| ~-i ti -|||| n <
. i-|| + <| |- +n+ n =lt- l+=i -|i -t +| :n +| l-+ = | (|| n| |:n, :|l<| +| | = || l - t
. -l-a vz-| +| --| l<( ( ~| (n ~| =i n -+- l+- +| -in | +|n - = i -t -| + <
(-<|t| + ln( l< --| (c) t| -| -in | +|n - = ( = l-l;- +
(a) (b) (Q) (d)
OOO
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Ph-[ 2 ]
1. Name (in BLOCK letters) / -|n (z| + ~-| n|
3. Subject / l|
i-|| :
OMR NO.
Instructions :
from top to bottom.
PEN ONLY.
like this.
A B C D A C D
A C D
A C D
Sheet.
l-< z|
1. =-|i vll| l< ||- -+ ti =iln- |
2. OMR --| | n vz- =| +nz| - = -i- +i ~| <i : t
3. --| +n +|n /-in |n -|: - ,|| l-l;- +
4. ~-| |n - |n +| -, i-|| +-: +| -|n OMR --| | =
l-l< ||ni/||-| n / ln|
5. OMR --| | n l-|l- ||- ~-| -|n, t-|-|, l| i-||
+| l<-|+ +i l- +
6. ~- --| + | +| | = v|c +- t( l-l;- +
=ti ll n- ll|
A B C D A C D
A C D
A C D
7. OMR --| | +| - n| ~|| -= t|-t| l-; - n|(
8. - l< l-< z|| +| |n- - l+( |- +i l|l- n --| || +|
n-|+- +-| +la- t|| (= n --i +i <l = l+=i -|i v+|
+i -|l- +| l-n<| +n i-|||i t| |
7. Roll Code/ |n +|

C C C C
C C C C
C C C C
C C C C
C C C C

C C C C

7. Roll Code/ |n +|

C C C C
C C C C
C C C C
C C C C
C C C C

C C C C

1. A B C D
2. A B C D
3. A B C D
4. A B C D
5. A B C D
6. A B C D
7. A B C D
8. A B C D
9. A B C D
10. A B C D
11. A B C D
12. A B C D
13. A B C D
14. A B C D
15. A B C D
16. A B C D
17. A B C D
18. A B C D
19. A B C D
20. A B C D
21. A B C D
22. A B C D
23. A B C D
24. A B C D
25. A B C D
26. A B C D
27. A B C D
28. A B C D
29 I. A B C D
II. A B C D
III. A B C D
IV. A B C D
30 I. A B C D
II. A B C D
III. A B C D
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Ph-[ 3 ]
MODEL SET (iz k:i i=k|I
SECTION([k.M|I
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (oLrq fu"B 'u|
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. +n+= +| S.I. n||+ t|-| t (S.I.unit of flun is)
(A) ~|n (Ohm) (B) (Weber) (C) =n| (Tesla) (D) +|: -ti (None)
2. --+ +i -|ln-i n-|: (L
g
) -|| --+i n-|: (L
m
) n = t|-| t
The relation between geometric lenth (L
g
) and magnetic lenth (L
m
) is
(A)
5
6
m g
L L =
(B)
6
5
m g
L L =
(C)
m g
L L = (D) 2
m g
L L =
3. |-i -|| =i=| +| ~--|+ +nz|
3
2
-||
4
3
t =i=| = |-i |-i t: (+ +|z| l+| + ln( +|l-+ +||
Reflactic index of glasses and water are
3
2
and
4
3
respectively for say of light going to water for glan, the
critical only will be
(A)
1
8
sin
9

(B)
1
9
sin
8

(C)
1
3
sin
4

(D)
1
2
sin
3

4. ~||n n|n=|- =--|+ (The modulation Index in amplitude modulation is)
(A) =<| z|- t|-| t (Always zero) (B) + i- t|-| t (Between 0 & 1)
(C) -||
+ i- t|-| t (Between 1 &
) (D) :-n = +|: -ti (None of these)

5. l+= +|| = |-i + ~< ~l|- tn +| nn| -n+-| - ~|-| t ` (Air bulbla inside water shines due to?)
(A) ~-- = (Reflaction) (B) |-- = (Reflution)
(C) | ~|-l+ |-- = (T.I.R.) (D) :-n = +|: -ti (None of these)
6. (+ | - =n|-- = -|l| + -n | + i- |n <- |l-| +| n|-
When a dielectric in introduced into the gap of a parallel plate capacitor, the capacitance of the capacitor :
(A) |-| t (Decreases) (B) c-| t (Increases)
(C) =n|- t-| t (Remains same) (D) :-n = +|: -ti (None of these)
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7. + lz< | n ln +i -| |: 1 mm -|| ln = < +i <i 1 m t l< +|z| +i - n-|: 6000 t| -|
l+ +i -||: t|i (In a double-sit experiment the distance between the slits is 1 mm and the distance of the
screen from the slit is 1 m. If light of wavelength 6000 is used, then the fringe width ( ) is )
(A) 0.4 nm (B) 0.5 nm (C) 0.6 nm (D) 0.8 nm
8. (+ =n|- --+i -|| n (+ ~|l +| + | +i l|-| =i- =n|-|-i t (The radius of curvature of the path
of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field is directly proportional to the|
(A) ~|z| + (Charge on the particle) (B) = + (Momentum of the particle)
(C) -| + (Energy of the particle) (D) -| | +i -i -| + (Strength of the field)
9. UHF ~| l-| + - | l--- ll = =-l- t|- t (Frequencies in the UHF range normally propagate by
means of)
(A) |- - (Ground waves) (B) ~|+|z| - (Sky waves)
(C) =-t - (Surface waves) (D) z| - (Space waves)
10. l<| | =+- l-l- +-| t GAGE. (The given symbol represents the GATE. |
(A) AND (B) OR (C) NAND (D) NOR
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|-I : P. N. +z|- || |l +i -||l- +| +-| t
+|-II : P. N. +z|- || ~ ~l-|-l- n +| +-| t z- n -ti
Statement-I : A P. N. Junction diode acts as a natural transister.
Statement-II : P. N. Juction diode operates in the forward bias and does not operate in the reverse bias.
12. +|-I : | + l- --+i | + l-n|-=|, --+i +n+= l-- +i +||n+ < -|t+ n +
-- t
+|-II : n l-n = +| l-; +i || -| =-|| + ~|| t|-i t
Statement-I : According to faraday's electromagnetic induction, the negative rate of change of magnetic flux is
equal to the induced emf.
Statement-II : Lenz's explains the negative sign on the basis of conservation of energy.
13. +|-I : -||i -|l-|+ l|- | t-+ -|l-|+ =n- t|-| t -| -| --- t|-i t
+|-II : -||i -|l-|+ +i - -| l- -l-+~| - Z + =|| c-i t l+ t-+ -|l-|+| +i |-i t
Statement-I : Energy is released when heavy nuclei undergo fission or light nuclei undergo fusion.
Statement-II : For heavy nuclei, binding energy per nucleon increases with Z while for light nuclei it decreases
with increasing Z
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14. +|-I : z- +|z| n|= l-n = -| t -| |+ | n |-| t
+|-II : l-|| +| +|| ~-|-|+ +| -< l--| +-| t
Statement-I : When a beam of white light passes through a glass, the light splits into constitutent colours.
Statement-II : The dispersion of light takes place because the refractive index of a medium depends on the
wavelength of light.
15. +|-I : l< x --+i l-| -|| T l--| -| t| -| x ~ T | l---+i <|| + ln( T ~-| + =n|-- =n
|| t|i
+|-II : l---+i <|| +i l-n +| |n- +- t
Statement-I : If x is suseptibility and T is absolute temperature, the x-T graph of a diatomic substance is a
straight line parallel to T-axis.
Statement-II : Diamagnetic materials follow curie law.
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. t|: | - +i n|| l|-| (Radius of Hyderogen atom.)
(A) Z + =n|-|-i t (
Z| (B) n
2
+ =n|-|-i t (
n
2
|
(C) Z + +n|- |-i t (
Z
1
| (D) n + =n|-|-i t (
n|
18. 15 cm |+= <i + (+ ~-n <| = l+--i <i - |- -i- -| lz||ln- l-l- --| t `
The distance of object from concave mirror of focal lyth 15 cm. so that image is there times magnified.
(A) 7.5 cm (B) 10 cm (C) 17.5 cm (D) 20 cm.
17. -|+ +ni (+ | +ni t l=+| (Choke coil is an inducter of)
(A) l-||- --- t (High reactance) (B) l-||- l--- t (Low induction)
(C) l-| --- t (High resistance) (D) l-| l--- t (Low resistance)
19. |-l+ - +i +|-l-+ l-l- (A) - + l- - + ~|+| +| -<
(Virtual imge of real object) Wave, wavelength of the size of the object
20. | ~|-l+ |-- (Total internal reflection) (B) ~|+|z| +| -in| (Blue colour of sky)
21. +i|- (Scatting) (C) +|z| --- (Optical Fibre)
22. l-- (Diffraction) (D) --|n <| (Convex Mirrore)
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
12 V +i (+ ~|<z| i +i >|i
1
2 R = (
2
4 R = + <| - t( t -|
23. l| n l- || t (The current in the circuit is)
(A) 2 A (B) 2.5 A (C) 3 A (D) 3.5 An
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24. - R
2
+ ln( l-||-- t (The potential difference across the both with
2
4 R = is.)
(A) 2 V (B) 4 V (C) 6 V (D) 8 V
25. + - n z|l+- -| t (The power dissipation in each bulb is :)
(A) 4 W, 6 W (B) 4W, 8 W
(C) 8W, 16 W (D) 8W, 12 W
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. +~| +=- +| t `
What is Vacus Junction ?
2. +|| +i l-|||| ln| -|| +|| ( ~- -|+ + i- = ln|
Define Brewster's angle and write down the relationship between Brewster's angle and refractive index.
3. l<||( l+ (+ l+- |ni -|n+ +i |l-| -=+i l|-| + =n|-|-i t
Show that the capacitance of an isolated charged spherical conductor is directly proportional to its radius.
4. l+= | +i n<< = +|z| +| i+| l+| |-| t (+ =-|l- +|z| +i -i-| (+ + (-|n|: + i-
+ +|| = += =l- t := | + n|n = l<||(
Name the device for producing polarised light. How does the intensity of transmitted light depend uopn the
angle between the polariser and the analyser ? Show it graphically.
5. l<||( ( (+=n|- --+i -|| n l-|n| +- ~|l|- +| + =|+n| i- ~| l-| -=+ <n|- + +n|-|-i
t|-i t
Show that the cyclotron frequency is inversely proportional to the mass of the orbiting charge in a uniform
magnetic field.
6. =|ln +| +|n- 2.3 eV t +| t 680 nm + +|z| + ln( +|z|l- -|| <lz|- +| `
The work function of sodium is 2.3 eV. Does sodium show photoelectric effect for light of wavelength 680 nm?
7. (+
8
+ l-| |n -| +| n =
n| l<| |-| t ~| <|-| -|| +| (+ =|| (a l<| |-|

t ~ := - ~|+ l- + -| + l-| +i |-| +
A 8
resistance wire is bent at the middle by 180

0
. Both the halves are twisted together. what is the new
resistance?
8. :n+ | - n|:+|+| +|z|i n|:+|+| = t- t (+ n +|| <
Electron microscope is considered better instrument than optical microscope. Give one single reason.
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9. --+i -|| = -<|=i- l-< = ~| +| =nn- t `
What do you mean by neutral point ?
10. l-+| ( l- - n ~- +
What are the point of differences in inpreference and diffraction of light ?
11. (+ ~|<z| l-ln+| +| + |-- +
Obtain an expression for the chapacitance of a parallel plate capacitor.
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
:. l|l-|| + n|n = P-N =l +
(i) ~ ~l-|-l- 1+1+1+1=5 mark
(ii) z- ~l-|-l- +| =nn| -|| ~l-|n-|| + |i- l| l-|| + =t| P-N =l +| | (+ l<+|i +
n +
Or, ~||
-| i +| t` :=+ ~|| -|n+, ~z-|n+ +n -|n+ n ~- + l+=i ~z-|n+ + l-| -|n|-
n l-- + =|| l+= -t <n-| t, =nn|( 1+3+1=5 mark
Explain : (i) Forward biasing (ii) reverse biasing of a p-n junction diode and draw characteristic curve. With
the help of a circuit
diagram, explain the use of this device as a rectifier.
Or, ~||
| + n|| =--| + ~l-| t-| +| =nn| -|| l+=i +-|| n |n- |n :n+ | - + -| +i |-|
+ ` +n -| + +||n+ t|- +| ~l-|| +
State Bohrs postulates for an atom? Calculate energy of moving electron for n
th
orbit? What is the significance
of negative energy? 2+2+1=5 mark
13. lz< | n +||i l+ -| |: +| + |-- + 5 mark
Or, ~||
n=n+ =|
( )
1 2
1 1 1
1 n
f R R

=

||l- + (t| =+-| + ~| =|n|- t | 5 mark
Derive an expression for angular fringe width in Young double-stet experiment.
Or, ~||
Establish Lense Maker's formula
( )
1 2
1 1 1
1 n
f R R

=

(Where n is the refractive index of the material of the lens, R
1
is the radius of curvature facing the object and
R
2
that of the other surface.)
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Ph-[ 8 ]
14. l-||--| V
1
( V
2
-+ ~l =||l||, l-+i |l-|( C
1
( C
2
t, + =n|-- =|- = -| +| +
|-- + 5 mark
Or, ~||
L-R l| n l<||( l+ || -|-|+i = c-i t
Find the loss of electrical potential energy when two charged capacitors are connected in parallel. 3 mark
Or, ~||
In a L-R circuit, show that current grows exponentially.
15. (+ - l, + +|| l--|i l-< (l|- l-<| - -|| +i -i-| +| + |-- + 5 mark
Or, ~||
(+ |-i || + ln( n| nn || lz|| || ( -l-+ || +| =nn|( -|| --+ i- = ||l- +
Find an expression for electric field intensity at an equatorial point of an electric dipole.
Or, ~||
Define instructions, rms and peak value of a.c. and also establish relation between them. 5 mark
ANSWERS (mkj| )
SECTI ON ([k.M|I :OBJECTI VE (oLrq fu"B 'u |
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (c)
6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (c)
16. (b) 17. (a, c) 18. (b, d) 19. (d) 20. (c)
21. (b) 22. (a) 23. (a) 24. (d) 25. (c)
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SECTION ([k.M )II
1. := l+- = A. C. -|| D. C. <|-| +i n| +i | =+-i t :=n n =
contant +| -| MN t|-| t, l=+ l-< C nln l=n- = l-ln- |n| +n + =||
=l t|-i t t i || =i= + (+ l-l-- |n n i t-i t
|n| + n + >|i+n n - -|ni (G) | t-| t -| = || |lt- t|-i t
-| l-< C -|i n t| |-| t -| -n +i =l| + i- -||-- t|- + +|| See
back effect = l| n l-|| --- t|-i t, l= --|ni + l-| = <|| |
=+-| t
This device measure A.C. and D.C. both. It consists of a wire MN of constant
at with a thermocouple junctions of Tellarium Bismuth at C. This entire arrangement
is enclosed in an evacuatial sphere. 1 mark
A galvanometer is allowed to flow though wire the point C luomer hot. Due to
genested temparature difference current flows in the circuit as on seaback effect. Which is exhibited by diflection in
the galvanometer. 1 mark
2. +| | ~l- +|z| l+| +| =n-n t ~|-- +| | l=+ ln( ~l-- l+| ( |l-- l+|
n- = +|| +tn|-| t 1 mark
l-| n t +| |
p
t
l-| =, ~--|+
( )
p
p
2
sin
sin

p
tan =
t =-- l-n +tn|-| t 1 mark
Brewster's angle ( i
p
) is defined as the ancidence angle at
which the reflectd ray and refracted ray are perpendicular to
each other, as show in the fig. i.e.
. l+- |ni -|n+ ~|z| Q <- l-| V t||
The potential of an isolated capacitor having changes Q is).
The capacitance of it is -|n+ + |l-|
Q
V
4 G.R
=
1 mark
0
Q Q
C 4 R
Q V
4 G.R
= = =

C R 1 mark
4. Calcite Prism or Nicol Prism : 1 mark
According to Malus law, when a completely plane polarised light is incident
on an anlyser, the intensity I of the transmited light is proportional to the square of
cosine of the angle
between the planes of transmission of analyser and polariser..

So. I = Io Cos
2
Io represents maximum intensity of the transmitted light.

figure shows the variation of intensity (I) with

Io
I
Graph 1 mark
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5. The period (~- ~|-+|n|
2 r 2 r 2 m
T
V V qB

= = =
1 mark
~| l-| (Frequency)
1 qB
T 2 m
= =
~- ~| l-|
1
m
Hence frequency is
1
m
1 mark
A charge q as projected with speed v and is perpendicular to the megnatic field B, as shown in the fig.
Since the magnetic does no work, hence the speed will not change. Force experenced by the speeding change
is F q B = . Which acts perpendicular to both v and B. This force will more the particle along a circle of radius r
(say).
l+=i ~|z| q +| v -|n = --+i -|| B + n-- +| |-| t, -| ~|z| +i -|n -ti <n-i t l+ -=
n F = q v B n|-| t t n
Thus, v -|| B <| -| + n-- t| -| t , ~- ~| z| -i l- +- n-i t , -||

2
m
q B
r
v =

m
r
qB
=
1 mark
6.
0
, <tni -< (there hold)
hc 1242
nm 540 nm
2.3
= = = 1 mark
Given wavelenth of incident radiation.
<i : - n-|: = 680 nm.
~- +|z| l- -|| nl-|- -ti t|| (Hence no photo dictic effect will be observed) 1 mark
7.
,
l
R
A
=
When = Resitivity; l= length; A= Cross-section 1 mark
In given question the length is halved and cross-sctional area is doubled. (l<| | t l+ -|n+ +i n-|: ~||i
+i |-i t -|| ~-| +| +| -||n <-| t| 1 mark
1
/ 2 1 1
* *8 2
2 4 4
l l
R
A A
= = = =
8. -l+ :n+ | - n|:+|+| +i l+| |ni - ~||l- t 1 mark
:n+ | - +i - n-|: +i ~|z+-|-=| =n||l- l+| | =+-| t l+ +|lz|+ =-n<z|i l-lz-- -<
ti +|n +-| t 1 mark
Because of the fact the the working of electron microscope is based on de Broglie wave, which implies the
wavelangth can be adjusted according to the need, where as optical microscope works on fixed wavelength.
9. l= l-< +n | z|- t|, t l-< -<|=i- l-< +tn|-| t l= --+i -|| n n ||( |i-i |-i t
t =|||-| <| --+i -||| = -| t|-| t tn| i + --+i -|| +i -i -| +| -| l- |+ (Bn) ~| <=| --+
| - -+i -| | ~- -| | n n ||( |i-- +z ||- |-- t| - t l- <| -| n| + n|- | l+-- li- l<z||
n t| |-i t :- ||-| <|-| n (+<= +| =-ln- + <- t l== -= ||- = +|: n || -ti -i t t|
--+ |- +|: l-| -ti t|-| t 1 mark
-<|=i- l-< --+ + -|| +i -i-| -|| i + --+i -|| +i -i-| +| -|l- |+ | li-
t|-| t 1 mark
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10. l-+| ( l- - n ~ -
l-+| (Interference of Light) l- - (Diffraction of Light)
(i) l-+| +i |-| <| =-z =|-| = -n- |n l-- -= l-+| +| -|| t | (+ ti -| +
<| |++ - -| | + i- t|-i t ll-|-- l-<~| = -n-|ni l,-i+ -l+|~| + i-
t|-| t
(ii) l-+| l-| n =-|i <i-- l+ (+ =n|- -i-| l+ l-- l-| n l+ ll-|-- -i-|~| +i t|-i t
+i t|-i t
(iii) l-+| l-| n l+ =n|- -||: +i t|-i t l+ l-- l-| n l+ +-|i -|i =n|- -||: +i -ti
t|-i t
(iv) l-+| l-| n l-l--a | | ~+|n l+ l-- l-| n (=| -ti t|-| t
(+|n| t|- t
Difference between interference and differaction of light :
(i) The phenomenon of interference place between Diffraction is the effect of interference taking place
two sparate wavefronts starting from coherent between the secondary wavelets starting from
sources. different points of the same wavefront.
(ii) All the bright fringes in the interference pattern But diffraction fringese are of different intensity.
are of equal intensity.
(iii) In the interference pattern, all the fringes are of In diffraction it is found that all the fringes are not of
equal width. the same width.
(iv) In the interference pattern, the minima is atmost It is not so in the diffraction pattern.
dark. 1 mark each (with any two)
11. ~|<z| l-ln+| n |
n|-ln| l+ n = l- (+|+ n-|: n | +i =| q = |lt- || A = ~-| +| +| -||n
B, --+i | =
0
n
2
1 mark
(-l+| +i n-|: l = =-z +n+=

= BA (nl) = (
0
ni A) (nl) = (
0
n
2
i Al)
|,
L
i
=

2
0
n i A
i
l
=

2
0
n Al = 1 mark
l- (+|+ ~|-- +| +
2
0
n =
12. ~l-|-- p-n =l
p-n =l |ti l-||- ~||l- l+| |-| t -| := =l +| ~l-|-- p-n =l" +t- t p-n =l <|
+| +i ~l-|-l-| =-| t ~ ~l-|-l- =l ( z- ~l-|-l-
p-~z-|n+ --- l-| -|| n-~z-|n+ l--- l-| =|l- l+| |
-| p-n =l ~~l-|-- +ti |-i t := ~l-|-l- n l-niz|- -| | n '|i l- -| |' ( )
b
E
r
+ li- |ti l- -||
1
( ) E
r
n-| t | +n l- -|| + n|- +| E
b
= +n +
<-| t :=+ +|| +i =-n- +i l|l- |i, ~ <n |-i t -|| ~ ~|z| l=l-
t|- n-| t l + || := =n -|i - ti t-i t-i t ~- +n || P = N +i
~| |-i t
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:= || +| l-||- + =|| | =ii || -ti ~|-| ~- p-n =l ~|n + l-n +| |n- -ti +-i |||l-||- +
= =l + | +| -| -n-| t, ~- := ~l-|n|-|l|+ + +t- t l-| n := OA--|| ,|| =l-- l+| | t 1 mark
l< n-~z-|n+ +| --- l-| -|| p-~z -|n+ + l--- l-| =|l- + -| p-n =l z- ~l-|-- +ti
|-i t := l|l- n ||i l- -||
b
E
+i ti l<z|| n |ti l- -||
E
1
-|i n-| t
l= +|| t=+ l=| l-+n < t| |-| t -|| l|- -|| +i -| |: c |-i t
t| l=| -| +| t-| t ~- =+| + |t = l + || --i t | N = P +i
~| +z|- t|+ -n-i t l-| n t OP ,|| <lz|- t t| ||i=i | -|i || l<|-i
t t ~-=+l-- t t A+ +n +i t|-i t 1 mark
~l-|n|-|l|+ +P-N = l + ~| ~l-|-l- l-|| - V ( I || + i- + =|n|-- ~|n +| l-n +| |n-
-ti +-i +|l+ I-V + =ii || -ti t|-i t
l-| n OA ~~l-|-i-, OB z- ~l-|-i- -|| BC --- z- ~l-|-l- + I-V- | t 1 mark
pn-=l (+ l<+|i + n |-i |- = (+ <lz|+ || |- |-- +-| l<i+| t p-n =l
,|| ~~l-|-i- n ~-- +n l-| -|| z- ~l-|-l- n ~- ~l+ l-| <z||- + -n- := = tn |-i || +|
l< | (+<lz|+ || n l-i- + =+- t ~- p-n =l l<+|i + n +- t| =+-| t
1 mark
pn-=l (+ | l<+|i + n| l<+|i n nt ||+ 40.6% -|| |l<+|i n 81.2% t|-| t
Energy bands in solids
Forward biasing of PN junction diode.
A pn junction is said to be forward if an external battery of emf greater
than the potential barrier (Vb) is connected to pn junction in such a way that +ive
terminal of teh external batter is connected to p-side and -ve terminal to n-side
of teh junction diode.
In forward biasing, applied forward potential establishes an electric field
which acts opposite to field due to potential barrier. Therefore resultant field is
weak end due to which potential barrier is considerably reduced and hence the
depletion layer becomes thin. As a result a low resistance path is established for
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entire circuit. Thus current flows in the circuit. This current is called forward
current.
Reverse biasing of pn junction diode :-
A pn junction is said to be reverse viased if the +ve terminal of external
battery is connected to n-side of the junction on diode and -ve terminal is con-
nected to p-side of diod.
In reversbiasing, applied reverse voltage establishes an electric field in
same direction of potential barrier. The reverse voltage supports it, as a result
majority charge carriers are pulled a way from the junction and hence depletion layer increases. Therefore a high
resistance path is established for the entire circuit and hence no current flows in the
circuit. i.e. in reverse biasing of diode no current does not flows in the circuit.
PN Junction diode as half wave rectifier :
The rectifier, which converts only one half of a.c. intput into d.c. is called half
wave rectifier.
During +ve half cycle of the a.c. input voltage the diode is forward biased and current flows through load
RL. This current develops a voltage across load PL.
During -ve half cycle pf the a.c. input, diode is reverse biased. No current flows in the circuit and hence no
voltage is developed across load RL
Thus alternating voltage fed to primary coil (P) of transformer (Tr) appears as pulsating d.c. across the output load
RL. Since voltage across the load appears only during +ve half cycle of the input a.c.the other half is missing, thus
this process is called half wave rectification and the arrangement used is called half wave rectifier.
Or,
~-|= + (Self Practice)
Or,
| +| n|| n| n (Bohr's Atomic Model)
n -i-= | - <| + n||n| n n -n| + + +| n l=z| - +| n|+ t|: |-n|| +
+ n +i =n || +i -|| n|| +| (+ -| n| n l<| := n| n +| | +| n|| n| n +t|
|-| t, | | + l---lnl|- ~l-| ti-| ~|||l- t
(a) n|| + +< -|lz|- -|l-|+ t|-| t l=+| ~|z| Ze + | t|-| t, t| Z n||+n|+ -||
e :n+ | - + ~|z| + ln|| +| - ~|z| t
(b) :n+ | -, -|l-|+ + -|| ~| -|i +-||~| n |n-| t-| t :- +-||~| n |n-|n :-|+ | - ll+|
-ti --- +- t :- +-||~| +| ||i +-||( +t| |-| t
(c) l+=i -|i ||i +-|| + ln( :n+ | - ~| -|l-|+ + i- l+|z|in ~|+||n ~|z+ ~l-|+< n
<|- +-| t
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Ph-[ 14 ]
(d) :n+ | - +i =-|i +-||( =-| -ti t|-i t :n+| - +n --ti +-||~| n |n =+- t l-n --+|
+||i =
h / 2
+| || + | t|-| t, t| h -n|+ +| =|l|+ l||+ t := | +|i+|
l- +t| |-| t l< :n+ | - +| <n|- m
e
t| -|| t v = r l|-| +i -|i +-|| n |n t| t|,
-| -=+| +||i = m vr
e
t|| | + := ~l-| ti- + ~-=|,
m vr n
h
e
=
2
... (| 2 mark
t|, n (+ || + (n = 1, 2, 3, .......) t l= n +|n =| | +-|| +i +n=| +t| |-| t
~-i ||i +-|| +| z|+ --i ||i +-|| n -n| |-| t ~| (+ :n+ | - l+=i --i ||i +-||
= -i- +i ||i +-|| n ~|-| t, ~||- -=+| =+n| t|-| t, -| -| +| -=- t|-| t := +| =
-=l- (| ~z||l|-| -| :n+ | - +i <|-| +-||~| n -| + ~- + | t|-i t -|| -=l- (|
~z||l|-| -| +|n +| || - + n t|-i t, ~||- E E hv
2 1
= ... (:|
+|n l=z|- ~||l- | +| -+- n||n| n ~|l-+ -||l-+i +| nn ~|| t :=+ ln( --t
:: n -|n +| = =-n|l-- l+| | ||
t|: |- + n +| | l=z|-
| + ~-=|, t|: |- +| n|| + -|l-|+ + -|| ~| -||+| +-|| n (+ :n+ | - |n-| t n|-ln|
l+ :n+ | - +| <n|- m
e
-|| ~|z|
e
t, -|| -|l-|+ -~|z| +| ln||
+e
t
n|-ln| l+ :n+ | - v = l|-| r
n
+i ni +-|| n |n t| t (l-|| := -|i l- + ln( ~|z+
~l-|+<i n -|l-|+ ,|| :n+ | - l| - | +n| n ~|+|| n ,|| <|- t|-| t
~|| -
m v
r
e e
r
e
n
n
2
0
2
1
4
=

m v
e
r
e
n
2
2
0
4
=

... (|
| + ~l-| ti- + ~-=|, :n+ | - +n --ti +-||~| n |n =+-| t l=n l+ -=+| +||i =
h
2
+| | | t|, ~||-
m vr n
h
e n
=
2
... (:|
t|, n (+ || + t (n = 1, 2, 3, .......) l= +-|| +i +n=| +t- t
=ni+| (:| +| ++ =ni+| (| = -|| <-
r
n h
m e
n
e
=

0
2 2
2
... (|
:= +| | +-||( =-| t --+i l|-|(
n
2
+ =n|-|-i t|-i t, +|l+ =ni+| (| n z|| |lz||
l--|+ t ~- +n|-, +-||~| +i l|-|( || + , :, ....... + + =n|-|-i t|i :-ti || +| +|
=- +-||~| +i +|n =| +t| |-| t t|: |- n|| + ln( |n ~| == +n +|n =, ~||-
n = 1 +i +-|| +i l|-| +| n|- n-|
5 10
11

m
|-- t|-i t l= | l|-| +t- t
t|: |- + n|| +i +n -| :n+ | - +i l- -| ~| n|| +i l|l- -| + | + |
t|-i t
:n+ | - +i l- -|
E m v
k e
=
1
2
2
. =ni+| (| =,
m v
e
2
+| n|- |-
2
0
1 1
2 4
k
e
E
r

=

... (|
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.
1
0
0
m
a
r
k
s
.
i
n
Ph-[ 15 ]
~-, n|| +i - l|l- -|
( )( )
2
0 0
1 1
4 4
p
e e e
E
r r
+
= =

... (|
~-, n|| +i +n -|
2 2
0 0
1 1
4 4
n k p k
e e
E E E E
r r

= + =

E
e
r
n
=
2
0
8
... (|
=ni+| (| = r +| n|- =ni+| (| n |- , 2 mark
E
m e
n h
n
e
=
4
2
0
2 2
8
... (|
- +- = | = t|: | - n|| +i -| (l= +-|i -| +t| |-| t | |-- t| -i t -=+| :n + | -
n +|n +-|| n |n t| t|-| t := =| n n + ~l-l+- =-|i |lz|| l-- t, ~- n|| +i -| +|n
=| +
( ) n
2
+ +n|-|-i t|-i t
-| + =|| n| +||n+ l--t t -|-| t l+ n|| (+ l =--| t -|| n + c- -| +|
|-l+ n|- c-| t ~-, |t +-||~| +i -| ~< +i +-||~| +i -| = ~l+ t|-i t
-l+ |n +-|| + =- -| ---n t|-i t, ~- t == ~l+ ||i t|-| t, ~||- =|n|- ~||
n :n+ | - :=i +-|| n |n-| t
Postulates of Bohrs Theory : 1 mark
(i) The central part called nucleus, contains the whole of the (+) charge and almost whole of the mass of
the atom.
(ii) While revolving around in a permitted orbit, an electron possesses angular momentum L
(= mvr) which is an integral multiple of h/2 . i.e., L = nh 2
(iii) Electrons are capable of changing the orbits. On absorbing energy, they move to a higher orbit.
Emission to a lower orbit. If f is the frequency of the radiant energy, then hf = E
2
E
1
where E
1
= energy of electron in lower orbit, E
2
= energy of electron in higher orbit.
Energy of an electron :
Total energy = K.E. + P.E.
(a) K.E. = mv
2

=
1
2
1
4
0
2
m .
mr
Ze
from equation (i)
K E
Ze
. . . .
r
=
1
2
4
0
2
(b) P.E.=Potential at the point charge which is placed there

=
1
4
0
1 2
.
q q
r
where q
1
= e and q
2
= Ze
P E
Ze
. .
r
=
1
4
0
2
P.E. = 2 times K.E.

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a
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k
s
.
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Ph-[ 16 ]
(c) E
n
(total energy of the electron, also called its binding energy) = K.E. + P.E. =
1
2
1
4
0
2
.
r
Ze
E
n'
Total energy (i.e., binding energy) = K.E. or, = 1/2 of P.E.
Substituting the value of r from equation (iii)
E Ze
n
=
1
2
1
4
0
2
0
2
2 2
. .
mZe
n h
E
Z
n
=
1
8
0
2
2 4
2 2
.
me
n h
= E R Z
n H
ch /n
2 2
where R
H
= Rydbergs constant = 1.097 10
7
m
1
& c = speed of light in vacuum
Substituting the values,
E J eV
n
=

=
2 18 10 13 6
18
2 2
.
n
.
n
Total energy of an electron is a negative quantity means its is bound to the nucleus
13. Young's arrangement is shown schematically in monochromatic light emanating from a narrow slite S
0
is
divided into two other narrow slight S
1
and S
2
very close together, at a distance d. A screen is kept at a distance D
from the slits S
1
and S
2
. The two sets of wavlets leave is phase. But they do not mnessarily arrive at P in phase
because of the path difference (ar
2
) for the two veves the path difference is given by
1 mark

2
r dsin = = 1 mark ...(1)
constructive interference occure at p when
( )
2
n
r dsin n n sin
d
= = =

The central bright fringe at 0, or zeroth fringe (n = 0), corrsponds to zero path difference, or
sin 0. =
If point
P as at the centre of the with fringe, the distance yn from the zeroth to the nth fringe is, from figure

n n
y Dtan = 1 mark ...(3)
If y < < R, then on for all values of n is axtrenaly small. In that case,
n n
tan sin ; and
n n
y Dsin = .
Therfore,
n
n
y D
d
=

...(4)
(Fig.& Description) 2 mark
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.
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0
0
m
a
r
k
s
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i
n
Ph-[ 17 ]
Or, n|-| l+ l+=i n= L + |- ~-| (+ - O |i : t n= + <|-| |ni =-t +| +-< C
1
( C
2
t
Let an object O is placed on the principal axis of a lens L as shown in the fig. The two spherical surfaces of the
lens have their centres at C
1
and C
2
(Fig.& Description) 2 mark
1 mark
n|-| l+ n-= +| +|z| +-< P t -|| ~--|+ n t |n =-t = ~-- + |< O +| l-l- O
1
t, |
<= =-t + ln( - +| +| +-| t -|| ~l-n l-l- I --| t (The optical centre is at P, and the refractive
index of the material on the lens in N. Refraction from the centre surface, the image of O is formed at O
1
. The image
O
1
now acts as an object for the concave surface and image is formed at I.)
|n ~- - + ln( l< u
1
= - +i <i ( v
1
= l-l- +i <i (For the first refraction, if u be object distance
v
1
be the image distance, then|
-|
1 1
n 1 n 1
v u R
=
...(1) 1 mark
<= =-t + ln(, + t|| (For the second refraction, the relation may be)
1 2
1 n 1 n
u v R
=
...(2)
=ni+| (1) -|| (2) +| |- , (Adding (1) and (2) we have)
( )
1 2
1 1 1 1
n 1
v u R R

=

...(3)1 mark
l< O +| n-= = < l+| |-| t -| ~l-n l-l- |+= --| t (If the object O is taken far away from
the lens, the image is formed close to the focus, Thus, for u = , v= f we have.)
1 1 1 1 1
v u
= =
f f
...(4)
=ni+| (4) -|| (3) +| |- , (Putting Eq (4) in into Eq (3), we obtain.)
( )
1 2
1 1 1
n 1
R R

=

f
...(5)
t n-= n+ =| +| ~-|i + t (Which is called the lens maker's formula.)
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.
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0
0
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a
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s
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Ph-[ 18 ]
14. (Fig. & Description) 1 mark
n|-| l+ C
2
|l-| + <| =|-+ +| ~|lz|- l+| |-| t -|| --+| |l-|+ ( ~l-n l-||- V
1
-||
V
2
t <|-| =|-+| +| |l-|+ l-i l|l- -| t , ((Let the two changed capacitors have capacitances C
1
and
C
2
and wich at potantial difference V
1
and V
2
. The initial electrical potential energy asociated with the two capaciters
will be) 1 mark
2 2
i i 1 2 2
1 1
V C V C V
2 2
=
...(1)
~ <|-| =|-+| +| =n|-|-- +n n | l<| |-| t, -|l+ <|-| + i- l-||-- =n|- t| | ~ l< C
i

q ~|z| t -|| C
2
q
1
+ q
2
q ~|z| t -|| <|-| +| --|l-a l-||-- v t, -| ~|z| + =-|| + l=z|- =, (Now
the two capacitors are connected in parallel change distribution between he two capaciors take place hill the potential
differences actross them become same, Now, let q be the change on C
1
and
1 2
q q q + be the change on C
2
and let
V be the common pd's.
Them, from consunction of change,)

1 2
q q q +
( )
1 1 2 2
1 1 2 2 1 2
1 2
C V C V
C V C V C C V V
C C
+
+ = + =
+
1 mark
=|-+| +| =n|-|-- +n n | | |-| t , -| ~l-n l-i l|l- -| t|i (Final electrical potential energyy
of the system when the capaciters are connected as parallel is)
( ) ( )
2
2 1 1 2 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
C V C V 1 1
U C C V C C
2 2 C C
f
+
= + = +

+

( )
1 1 2 2
1 2
C V C V 1
2 C C
+
=
+
1 mark
l-i l|l- -| n r|= (Loss in electrical potential energy is therefore,)
( )
2
1 1 2 2 2 2
i 1 1 1 2
1 2
C V C V
1 1 1
U U U C V C V
2 2 2 C C
f
+
= = +
+
( )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2
2 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
C V C C V C C V C V C V C V 2C C VV
C C 1 1
V V 2VV
2 2 C C
+ + +
+

=
+
( )
2
1 2
1 2
1 2
C C 1
U V V
2 C C

=

+

1 mark
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a
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s
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n
Ph-[ 19 ]
Or,
An inductance L
1
and a resistance R is connected in series with a source of emf.
. Let at any time t

a current i flows through the circuit, As the current increases is the inductor, a self, induced and
di
L
dt

=

is
produced and potential drop across resistance R is iR. From Kirchoff's loop law,
di
L iR
dt
= +
Or,
di
L iR
dt
=
Or,
di dt
iR L
=
At t = 0, i = 0 and at time t the current is i. Integrating the above equatin, we have.

i t
0 0
di dt
iR L
=

or,
1 iR t
ln
2 L
=
or,
iR t
ln
L
R
or,
t
iR e
L
R
=
or,
t
i iR e
L
R
R

=

The constant
L
R
is called time constant, t and
0
i ,
R
=
place current. The Eq. (1) thus shows that current in on
L R circuit grows exponantially.
15. Let us consider an eletric dipole of dipole length d. Negative deage (q) is placed at P and position change
(+ q) at Q. 1 mark
Let O be the mid point. Now consider an equatorial point R along its axis and take OR = r
The electric field at R due to q is

( )
2
0
1 q
E
4
r d
=
+
mark ...(1)
and the electric field at R due to +q is
( )
2
0
1 q
E
4
r d
+
=
+
mark ...(2)
Adding (1) and (2) gives net field intensity at R
1
i.e.
E = E
+
E

( ) ( )
2 2
0
1 1 1
4
r d r d

=
+

( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2
2 2
0
r d r d
1
4
r d

+

=

( )
2
2 2
0
q 2dr
4
r d
2 mark

( )
2
2 2
0
1 pr
E
4
r d
P
q
d
O
d
Q
R
+q
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0
0
m
a
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k
s
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i
n
Ph-[ 20 ]
Where p = (q) (2d) is the dipole moment. For d < < r, we have 3
0
1 p
E
4 r
=
1 mark
Or,
|-i || +| ~| =-- n|- (Average value of alternating current)|- - + | -+ + <| -| | -|||
n |-i || + ~| =- n|- | t| - t , nl+- -+ + <| -| ~| -||| n || +i l<z|| li- t
( ) ( )
0 0
2l 2l
l &l

+
= =
[ I
0
= -l-+ || ]
~- | -+ +i ~l + ln( || ~|=- n|- z|- t|-| t :=i +| |-- + | -+ +i ~l + ln( .
|. n +| ~|=- n|- z|- t|-| t ~-- |-i || + ~|=- n|- +| +|: nt -ti t|-| 1 mark
~|-||=i | n|n n || (virtual or RMS current)||~| +| -|i -|| || +i l<z|| l--| -ti +-|
t :=i +| -| + |-i || n|i | =+-i t l+=i |-i || +| ~|-||=i n|- l< || (d.c.) + --- n- +
| t|-| t | ---i ti -n| <| +-i t l--i +i |-i || +-i t 1 mark
2 2 z
1 2 n
I I ... I
I
n
+ +
=
0
2
rms
I
I =
[Derive from integration method fill yield 2 mark ]
~|-||=i || +| n| n n || -|i +t| |-| t
Relation, (=--|
0
1
2
RMS
I
I
=
1 mark
O O O
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a
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Ph-[ 21 ]
MODEL SET (iz k:i i=k|II
SECTION ([k.M|I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. l+-| +| l-n l---lnl|- n = l+=+| l||n t
(A) l- -|| +| ~=l-|- -l| (B) l- -| | +| = l-|- -l|
(C) --+i -|| +| =l-|- -l| (D) --+i -|| +| ~=l-|- -l|
Kirchhoff loop rule is a consequence of
(A) Non conservative nature of electric field (B) Conservative nature of electric field
(C) Conservative nature of magnetic field (D) Non conservative nature of magnetic field
2. l- || |lt- t| t -i +ni + --+i -|| B t ~ || +| ~ll-- |- t(, l|-| <-| + l<|
|( -| ~ +-< +| --+i -|| l+--| t| ||
The magnetic field at the centre of a current carrying circular loop is B. If the radius of the loop is doubled
keeping the current unchanged, the magnetic field at the centre of the loop will become.
(A)
B
4
(B)
B
2
(C) 2 B (D) 4 B
3. +n- n (+ |i- l+--| ~|z| t|-| t
(A) 1.6 10
19
C (B) 9.1 10
31
C (C) 1.6 10
19
C (D) :-n = +|: -ti
Change on one proton in coulomb is
(A) 1.6 10
19
C (B) 9.1 10
31
C (C) 1.6 10
19
C (D) None of these
4. . |- l- |t+ n +| +|: =n =i 0.05 + l-| = | l<| | ~ l| n 2.0A +i || |lt-
t|-i t -| =n +| ~|-l+ l-| +| t
A cell of emf 1.5 v is connected directly to an ammeter of resistance 0.05 . If the current in the circuit is
2.0A, the internal resistance of the cell is
(A) 0.7 (B) 0.8 (C) 0.9 (D) 1.0
5. n ln | n ~ ln ~| < + i- +i <i <-i + <i |( -|| ln = + i- +i <i ~|i +
<i |( -| l+| +i -| |: +| +| t||
In young's double slit experiment the distance between the slits and the screen is doubled and the separation
between the the slits is reduced to half. The fringe width.
(A) <-| t| || (is doubled) (B) -| || t| || (becomes four times)
(C) ~|| t| || (is halved) (D) ~ll- - t| (remains unchanged)
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Ph-[ 22 ]
6. | + n|| n| n + n -|l+, t|: | - + n|| n l| +-||~| +i l|-| r
n
, ll-=n +|-n -- n = l+=
+| =l- t
According to Bohr's theory of hydrogen atom, the radii r
0
of stationary orbits are related to principal quantum
number n as
(A) 0.
(A)
n 2
1
r
n
(B)
n
1
r
n
(C)
n
r n (D)
2
n
r n
7. f |+= <i + l+=i ~l-|=|i n= = l+=i l- +| |-l+ l-l- -|- + ln( l- +| |-l+ l-l-
-|- + ln( l- ~| < + i- +n = +n l+--i <i t|-i -|lt(
In order to obtains the real image of an object on the screen by means of a convex lens of focal length 'f' the
distance between the object and the screen must be greater than a minimum value, which is
(A) f (B) 2 f (C) 3 f (D) 4 f
8. r <i = ~n <| ~|z|| q
1
(n q
2
+ i- n F n-| t ~ ~|z|| +| n|- <-| + l<| | -|| --+ i-
+i <i ~|i + <i |( - --+ i- +| - |l-+ n l+--| t| ||
The electrostatic force between two charges q
1
and q
2
separated by a distance 'r' is F. If the charges are
doubled and the separation between them is reduced to half then the electrostatic force between the charges
will become
(A) F (B) 4 F (C) 16 F (D) 64 F
9. lnili +| S.I. n||+ +| t|-| t
S. I. unit of permittivity is
(A) C
2
N
1
m
2
(B) NC
2
m
2
(C) NC
2
m
2
(D) N
1
C
1
m
2
10. l+=i -|n+ -| +i n-|: := |i-+ <-| + l<| | :=+| l-| l+--| || t| ||
The length of a conducting wire is doubled by stretching it. The resistance of the wire becomes.
(A) <| || (two fold) (B) ~ll- - t| (remains unchanged)
(C) -i- || (three fold) (D) -| || (four fold)
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|-I : =n| +| >|i+n || - :-n|n l+| |-| t --+| ~|-l+ l-| |n l-| = +n t|-| t
+|-II : (=| :=ln( t|-| t +|l+
NE
I ,
R 1nr
=
t| = +-| + ~- n|-+ ~| t
Statement-I : A series combination of cell is used when their internal resistance is much smaller than the
external resistance.
Statement-II : It follows from the relation
NE
I ,
R 1nr
=
where the symbols have their standard meaning.

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a
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Ph-[ 23 ]
12. +|-I : n+- - | - ||i -ti t|-|
+|-II : -|l-|+ + |t - | - (+ || -, (+ :n+ | - ~| (+ (i - | -| n l|l- t|-| t
Statement-I : Free Neutron is not stable.
Statement-II : A neutron outside the nucleus decays into a proton, an electron and antineutrino.
13. +|-I : ~ l+=i =n|-|-- -n =||l| + -n = + i- +i <i ~|i + <i |( ~| |::n+ i+ +|= -i-
|| + l<| |( -| +l=| -= z || t| ||
+|-II : =||l| +| +l=| -= -=+ -n = + nln l--| -ti +-| t
Statement-I : If the distance between parallel plates of a capacitor is halved and di-electric constant is made 3
times then the capacitance becomes 6 times.
Statement-II : Capacitance of the capacitor does not depend upon the nature of the material of the plates of the
capacitor.
14. +|-I : n- +| l-n -| =-|| + l=z|- +| --n|- +-| t
+|-II : l- l- |t+ n tnz|| -= --+i +n+= +| l| +-| t -| -=+ | + ln( l-n| t|-| t
Statement-I : Lenz's law violets the principle of conservation of energy.
Statement-II : Induced emf alsways opposes the change in the magnetic flux responsible for its production.
15. +|-I : (+ --|n ( ~-n n= +i |+= <i t| n =n|- t :-t |-i n || |-| t -| :-+i |+= <i
~ll- - t |-i t
+|-II : |-i +| ~--|+ t| = -|<| t|-| t
Statement-I : A concave lens and a convex lens both have the same focal length in air. When they are sub-
merged in water their lengths remain unchanged.
Statement-II : The refractive index of water is greater than the refractive index of air.
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. LED n|: :lnl || (The LED or the light emitting diode)
(A) | |= t|-| t -| +|z| -=l - +-| t (emits light when forward biased)
(B) ~z-|n+ |l+ lnn ~|=-|: = -| t|-| t (is made from the semiconducting compound gallium
arsenide)
(C) <| ~z -|n+| l=ln+|- | n l-n n = l+=i +| -| t|-| t (is made from one of the two basic
semiconducting materials silicon and Germanium)
(D) l= |= t|- +|z| -=l- +-| t (emits light when reversed biased.)
17. ln- ~+l|- + n-|l+ ~ A = B = 1, -| A. B + A +| n|- +| t||
In Boolean algebra if A = B = 1 then the value of A.B + A is
(A) A (B) B
(C) A + B (D) B.A + A
18. (+ p n =l || l--- = -| t|-| t -| (When a p n junction diode)
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a
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k
s
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Ph-[ 24 ]
(A) lnz|- n ~- ~-| =|n|- -||: = ~l+ -|| t| |-| t (The depletion layer widened
compared to its normal unbiased thickness.)
(B) l| n |lt- t|-|ni || n|:-|li +l + |t + +|| t|-| t (The current flowing in the circuit
is due to minority charge carriers.)
(C) l= |= |- + c- + =|| l| n |lt- t|-|ni || t- +n c-i t l= |= |- +|
(+ ||= n|- |-- + n- + |< || +|i -i = c-i t (The current increases only slightly with an
increase in the applied reverse bias voltage but shows a sudden sharp increase as the applied bias voltage
reaches a particular value characteristic of the diode.)
(D) || n|li +l + |lt- t|- + +|| t|-| t -|| |= |- + =|| ~l|+ = <n-| t (The
current is due to majority charge carriers and increase with applied bias voltage in a non-linear way.)
(+ || |lt- t|-| t~| -i +ni X Y -n- n || t~| t (+ --+i -||
^
0
B B K
-|i -l|- t -| =||i

I +| =||i II = lnn|( (A circular current carrying loop is placed in X Y plane as shown in figure. A uniform
magnetic field
^
0
B B K
is present is the region. Match column I with column II. |

19. n n ~||| (Torque on the loop) (A) ---n (Minimum)
20. n +| --+i ~||| (Magnetic moment of the loop) (B) z|- (Zero)
21. n +| =-n- (Equilibrium of the loop) (C) l| (Stable)
22. n +i l|l- -| (Potential energy on the loop) (D) +Ve z-axis + ~- | (Along +Ve z-axis)
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
| + n|| n| n + n-|l+ :n+ | - -|l-|+ + -|| ~| -|i | n := +| |n-| t l+ -|l-|+ + l-
:n+ | - +| +||i =
h
2
+| |+ t|-| t -|| -|i | n |n |- + ln( ~|z+ +-<|l-|n| n -|l-|+ +|
:n+ | - l| - ~|+|| = lnn-| t (Read the passage : According to Bohr's atomic model an electgron
revolves around nucleus in circular or bits of such radii that the angular momentum of electron about nucleus is
integral multiple of
h
2
and the centrip etal force required for the circular motions of electrons in their orbits is
provided by electrostotic attraction of nucleus on orbiting electrons.)
Answer the following questions on the basis of the above passage :
23. :n+ | - (+ ~|i = <= ~|i n |-| t -| -|l-|+ + |l- +||i = :in nl-n t|-| t (When
elctron goes from one orbit to the other, its angular momentum about nucleus changes by integral multiple of)
(A)
h
2
(B)
2h
2
(C)
2h
(D) +|: -ti (None)
X
Y
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24. :n+ | --|l-|+ l=n +| l|- - l|l- -| t|-i t
The electrostatic potential energy of electron nucleus system is
(A) |il (Positive) (B) l-l (Negative) (C) z|- (Zero)
(D) ~|i n :n+ | - +i -|n l--| +-| t (Depends upon the speed of electron in its orbit.)
25. ~|i n :n+ | - + l- -| -|| l|l- -| +| | t|-| t
Sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of electron in its orbit is
(A) |ii (Positive) (B) z|- (Zero)
(C) l-l (Negative) (D) l-|l- -ti t| =+-| (Cannot be deternined.)
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. Two wires of same material having lenghts in the ratio 1 : 2 and diameters in the ratio 2 : 3 are cannected in
series with an accumulator. Compute the ratio of the P.D. across the two wires.
Or,
Show that the energy stored in an inductor L, when a current 1 is established through it, is 1/2 LF/I
2
.
2. Use mirror formula to show that the virtual image formed by a convex mirror is always diminished in size and
is located between the focus and the pole.
3. Two bulbs rated 60W, 100 W, 100V and 30W, 100V are connected in series to 100 V supply. Which bulb will
glow more and why ?
4. Explain the term modulation. State types of modulation.
5. If the emmiter and the base of a n-p-n transistor have same doping concentration, explain how will the collector
and the base current be affected.
6. Why does the electric field inside a dielectric decrease when it is placed in an external electric field ?
7. State the huygen's principle and give geometrical construction for wave front.
8. Prove that
2
m
,
ne
=
where, m = mass of an electron, e= charge on an electron, n = number of electrons per
unit volume of the conductor. = relaxation time.
9. l+|z|in-| +| l-||l|- + -|| :=+| S.I. n||+ -| <| ~n~n l|(l+ <||, l=+| ~z+|n T
1
-||
T
2
t, + ~l|l- ||n|i +i l| +nz| (+ t :-+ =| + ~-|- +i i l+=i l-- =n +
Define the term 'Activity' of a radioactive substance, State its S.I. unit. To different radioactive elements with
half lives T
1
and T
2
have N
1
and N
2
(undecayed atoms respectively present at a given instant. Determine the
ratio of their activities at this instant.
10. l+=i =n|-|-- -n |n =|-+ +i -|n-| +| + |-- +
Obtain an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor.
11. Aray of light is incident on a refracting surface of refractive index . If f
1
and f
2
are the first and second focal
lengths, show that f
2
+ .f
1
= 0
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vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. (a) Draw a ray diagram to show the refraction of light through a glass prism. Hence obtain the relation for
the angle of deviation in terms of the angle of incidence, angle of emergence and the angle of prism.
1+1=3
(b) A right angled isosceles glass prism is made from glass of refractive index I.5. Show that a ray of light
incident normally on
(i) One of the equal sides of this prism is deviated through 90.
(ii) The hypotenuse of this prism is deviated through 180 1 + 1 = 2
Or,
(a) With the help of a lebelled ray diagram, show the image formation by a compound microscope. Derive an
expression for its magnifying power. 2 + 1 = 3
(b) How does the resolving power of a compund microscope get affected on
(i) decreasing the diameter of its objective ?
(ii) increasing the focal length of its objective ? 1 + 1 = 2
13. What is the photoelectric effect and how did Einstein explain it ? 5 mark
Or,
Define capacitance of a capacitor. Give its S. I. unit. Prove that the total electrostatic energy stored in a parallel
plate capacitor is 1/2 CV
2
. Hence derive the expression for the energy density of a capacitor.
14. An electric dipole is held in a uniform electric field. ++2+1
(i) Show that no net force acts on it
(ii) Obtain an expression for torque acting on it.
(iii) The dipole is aligned parallel to the field. Calculate the work done in rotating it through 180.
1+2+2=5
Or,
(i) Derive an expression for the energy stored in parallel plate capacitor with air as medium between the
plates. 2
(ii) Air is replaced by a dielectric medium of dielectric constant k. How does it change the total energy of the
capacitor. 2+1=3
15. State Gauss's threorem. Apply this theorem to obtain the expression for the electric field intensity at a point due
to an infinitely long, thin, uniformaly charged straight wire. 2+3=5
Or,
Write down the expression for capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor. Derive an expression for the capaci-
tance of a parallel plate capacitor with a dielectric medium between its plates and also derive an expression for
the energy stored in the above case. 1+2+2=5
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MODEL SET (iz k:i i=k|III
SECTION ([k.M|I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. +|z| | n||+ t(Light year is the unit of)
(A) <i +| (Distance) (B) =n +| (Time)
(C) -| +| (Energy) (D) +|z| +i -i-| +| (Intancity of light)
2. z- +|z| +i l+| n= n z| +-| t -| -=+ l--- n l- - t|-| t
When a ray of light (white) enters a lens, it under goes a change in
(A) - < n (Wave congth only) (B) +| +n n (Velocity only)
(C) ~| l-| n (frquency only) (D) ~| -< (both velocity and wavelength)
3. l--- n = +|- l- -|| +i -i-| +| n||+ t (Which one of the following is the unit of electricfied a intencity)
(A) +n- (Coulomb) (B) -- (Newton) (C) |- (Volt) (D) N-C
4. l+=i l< <i l|- <| :n+ |i- l+|z|in |+|| n ( l-i n +nz| Fg -|| Fe t| -| Fg/Fe
+| ~-|- t|| (Fg and Fe represent the gravitational and electrostagific forces respectively between two
electrons situated at some distance, the ratio of Fg/Fe is of the order of)
(A) 9.8 (B) 10
9
(C) 10
42
(D) 10
42
5. +|z| +i l+| (+ n|n = <= n|n n n- +-i t -| :-+| l--- n = -ti <n-| t
When light travels from one medium to an other, which of the following does not change
(A) ~| l-| (Frquency) (B) ~--|+ (refractive) (C) (velocity) (D) -< (wavelength)
6. l+=i ~+n R
1
l|-| + |n +| R
:
l|-| + -|ln- |||n |n = | |-| t -| -=+ -|n-| n n | +i
lz t| |-i t (=i l|l- n <|-| | n + l|-|~| +| ~-|- t|| (Capacity of an isolated sphere is increased n
times when it is enclosed by an earthed concentric sphere. The ratio of their radii is :)
(a|
1
2
n
n
(b)
1 n
n
(c)
1
2
+ n
n
(d)
1
1 2
+
+
n
n
7. | + n ln | n ln + i- +i <i d, ln ( < + i- +i <i t -< |n +|z| +
+|| l- n-|: + ln( l+| +i =| t|i
Between the slits is d, the distance between the slits and the screen is . With light of wave length , the
number of tringes of observed per meter on the screen will be
(A)
D
(B)
D
(C)
D
(D)
d
D
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8. (+ =n || | <i l|- -i- l-< ~| +nz| +3q, +q ~| Q ~|z| | |- t ~ +q +n l||ni
+n z|- t| -| Q +| -|n t|| (Three chagres +3q, +q and Q are placed on a st. line with equal separation.
In order to make the net force on q to be zero, the value of Q will be)
(A) +3q (B) +2q (C) 3q (D) 49
9. R ~|n l-| |n +| |i- + <- n-|: +| + l<| |-| t -| := l|l- n -| +| l-| t||The resis-
tance of wire is R ohm. The wire is stretched to double its length. Now the resistance of the wire will be come
(A)
R
2

(B) 2R (C) 4R (D)
R
4

10. X- l+|| + ~|l+|+ t (X-rays were discovered by)
(A) ++n (Becquerel) (B) n i+ i (Marie curie) (C) - (Roentgen) (D) -||- n| (Van Law)
II. vz- = | = n +|-I ( +|-II l<( ( t , l<( ( -| l+-| n (+ =ti l+- t | +|-
+| =ti | - +-| t
Questions No. 11 to 15 contain StatementI and StatementII. Of the four choices given, choose the
one that best describes the two statements. 5 1 = 5
(A) +|-I -|| +|-II = t ~| +|-II ,|| +|-I +i || t|-i t
StatementsI is true and StatementII is true, but StatementII is a correct explaination of StatementI.
(B) +|-I = -|| +|-II = t +|-II ,|| +|-I +i || -ti t|-i t
StatementsI is true and StatementII is true, but StatementII is not a correct explaination of
StatementI.
(C) +|- Statement I =ti t, +|-II ~= t (Statement I is true but statement II is false.)
(D) +|-I n- t, +|-II = t (Statement II is false but statement I is true.)
11. +|-I : ni i | n ~a|- l-| + ln( z|- l-| +i l|l- +| n|| | ~ n|l|+ l-| +| n|- ||-
t( ( ~a|- l-| +| ---- -|+n |n ~-n-+ + =|| || | ~| | +| <t|| | -| z|- l-| +i
l|l- +| l-< - || |
+|-II : |- +| -|+n <|- = -=+| l-| c-| t
Statement-I : In a Meter Bridge experiment, null point for an unknown resistance is measured. Now, the
unknown resistance is put inside an enclosure maintained at a higher temp. The null point con be obtained at the
same point as before by decreasing the value of the standerd resistance.
Statement-II : Resistance of a metal increases with in crease in temperature.
12. +|-I : -n +ni n-|ni +i =|t+-| +| c|- t- +| n + n n (+ -+- --+i <|| +| +|
+ n t| l+| |-| t
+|-II : nn|n n|t +i --+z|in-| ~l+ t|-i t ~| := ~||ni --+i | ~--+i -ti l+| | =+-| t
Statement-I : The sensitiviry of a moving coil galvanometer is increased by placing a suitable megnetic material
as a core in side the will.
Statement-II : Soft iron has ligh megnetic permeability and can not be easily megnetized or demagnetized.
13. +|-I : ~ X- l+| -ni n --| + l-| +| c || |-| t -| + ni +| -ni = ~|-|ni X-l+|| +| - <
<n-| -ti t
+|-II : ~ X--ni n ~|| l|- l-||-- +| c|| |-| t -| -=l - ll+| +i -i -| ~ll- - t-i t
Statement-I : If the acceprating potential in a x-ray tube is increased, the cut off manelergth of x-rays coming
from coolidge tube does not change.
Statement-II : If the potential difference applied to x-ray tube is increased, the intersity of emitted radia from
remains in changed.
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14. +|-I : l- n + <n|- + =< z| t|-| t
+|-II : ~l+ < n|- +| t| -| l- +i -|n-| +| +n +-| t + -|i ~| z| +| nt-|n l- |-- +- = | +-| t
Statement-I : In electricity inducter is similar to mass.
Statement-II : Greater the mans, lessor, the obility to be motion. Induetance also delays the charge to reach
maximum value.
15. +|-I : l-i l| n t|l+ -| i z|- l-| n|-| |-| t
+|-II : l+=i R l|-| Q =n ~|z| |n |n + =-t l- l-|
0
Q
4 R
.
Statement-I : For practical purposes, the earth is used as a refrence at zero potential in electric circuit.
Statement-II : The electrical potential of a shpere of radius R with charge Q uniformly distributed on the
surface is given by
0
Q
4 R
.
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. l-| n -|| +i || +| <lz| - l+| | t t || l= -|| +| <lz|- -ti +-| t t t )a field line the shown
inthe fig. this filed can not represent.)
(A) --+i -|| (Magnetic field) (B) |l-+ l- -|| (Electrostatic field)
(C) -|l<- l- (Indueted electric field)
(D) l| <n|- + +|| --- |+|| -|| (Gravitational field of mass at rest.)
17. l-| n -|| + + +| <lz| - l+| | t t l= -|| +| <lz| - +-| t t t (A field curve is shown in the
fig. This field can repress out.)
(A) --+i -|| (Magnetic field) (B) |l-+ l- -|| (Electrostatic field)
(C) -|l<- l- -|| (Induced electric field)
(D) l| <n|- + +|| --- |+|| -|| (Gravitational field of mass at rest.)
18. :-n | -=n t/t (In Trasformer is/are)
(A) -|n -| (copper loss) (B) n|t -| (Iron loss)
(C) (-lnl-n -| (Alluminium loss) (D) =-|i (All)
IV. vz- = | = :: -+ + <| ---|-II = =ti l+- - -+ ---|-I + =|| n - +-| t
ColumnI ColumnII
19. (+ l| l-||-- |n i ~| -<|=i- =|-+ +| -|n+ (A) l| || -| = |lt- t|-i t (A constant
+ l=| || |-| t (A fully discharged capaciter and a current flows through the wire.
battery of constant Emf. is connected to the end of the wire.)
20. =n - -+i -| | n l|- (+ -| +| ~-i n-|: +| (+ (B) -| n -|i -| --- t|-i t (Thermal
l= + l-| -| | + n-- -n n | n|| |-| t (The wire energy is genrated in the wire.)
is rotated about one end of its length with constant angular
`velocity in a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the
plane of motion.
21. -| +| ~z -| + n n|| |-| t ~| :=+ |= +| (C) -| l=| + i- l| l-||-- --- t|-|
l- -|| + n-- || |-| t (The wire is bent into a t (A constant potential difference deve-
semi circular ring aned placed in a constant electric field lops between the ends of the wire.
with its diameter perpendicular to electric field)
22. A.C. l- >|- +| -| + l=| = || |-| t (A A.C. (D) -| + l=| + i- l| ln|| n ~|z|
current source is conncted to the end of the wire. --- t|-| t (Charge of constant magni
tude appear at the inds of the wire.)
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V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
|n --|l- |-= +-| t ~| || - -=l - +-| t =--n --|l- n l|- ltlnn ~|- :=
-=l- || - +| ~z||l|- +-| t ~z|| || + |< ltlnn ~|- =--n --| l- | = Nf +|n -- |n ----|
--|l- n +<-| t
Pragraph : A hydrogen octum in third excited state makes a transtion to first excited state and emit
photon. This emitted photon is absorbed by He
+
ion which was already in seventh excited state. After absorp-
tion of photon He
+
ion jumps from seventh excited state to heigher excited state having quantum number ns.
23. ltlnn ~|- n nf +|n -- +i l||ni =| t|i
The quantum number nf of the state finally populated in He
+
ion.
(A) (B) (C) (D) :
24. < z +|z| +| (+ || - 'P' ltlnn ~|- -=l- + l--- - n +<-| t |z| n l|- ~|| := || -
+i -| ltlnn ~|- ,|| ~z||l|- || - +i -| + n-| -- t -| || - 'P' +| -< n-| t||
Now He
+
ion jumps to lower state by imitting single photon 'P' of visible light. The energy satatis photon is as
possible as close to energy of the obsorbed photon by He
+
ion (as mentioned in paragraph). Then wave length
of the photon 'P' is nearly.
(A) 6760 (B) 5000 (C) 4480 (D) 3500
25. N = 4 :n + | - + ln( t|: |- n|| +i l- -| ~| ltlnn ~|- +i l- -| +| ~-|- P
1
t n = 6 :n+| -
+ ln( t|: |- n|| ~| ltlnn ~|- +i l- -| +| ~-|- P
2
t -|
1
P
P2
+| n|- t||
The ratio of K.E. of the n = 4 electron for H atom to that He
+
ion is P
1
and the ratio of the total energy of
n = 6 electron for H atom to that of He
+
ion is P
2
then ratio of
1
P
P2
is.
(A) (B)
9
4
(C)
4
9
(D) :
SECTI ON ([k.M|II
NON-OBJECTI VE (xS j&oLrq fu"B|
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. ~z ~| -|| l--- l|| + n +| = t <n|-| l +| l-||l|- +
What is the relationship between Half life and Decay constant? Define mass defect?
2. -i -|| +| ln| ( || +
(State and explain Pelteir effect.)
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3. (+ =i -| = (-i +i || |lt- t| ti t -| = (-i +i <i --- --+i -|| +| ln|| +|
a|- + --+i -|| +i l<z|| +| <lz|- +- t- (+ ~|| |i-
A straight wire carries a current of 3 A. Calculate the magnifield of the magnitic field at a point 10 emp. away
from the wire. Draw a diagram to show the direction of the magnetic field.
4. +n n|:-= +| t ` :=+| += ---|l- l+| | =+-| t
What is colour blindness ? How can it be cured ?
5. -z ~|| +i n<< = -- n+-| ni +i l+| +i || +
With the help of a diagram explain the working of a tangent galvanometer ?
6. l-|n|i + l=z|- +i ln| -|| :-+i n<< = l+=i =n + ~|-l+ l-| a|- +- +| l| ~|| -|
State the principle of potantionant. Draw a circuit to determine internal desistance of a call.
7. (a) Show that the de Broglie wavelength 1 of electrons of energy E is given by the relation
=
h
m 2 E
(b) The threshold frequency for certain metal is 3 10
14
Hz. If light of frequency 8.2 10
14
Hz is incident
on the metal, predict the cut off voltage for photoelectric emission. (h = 6.6 10
34
Js).
+ 10 x 10
-8
-|| -4 x 10
-8
+n- + <| l-< ~|z| =ni. +i <i t| n t
(i) := =--| + l-i l|l- -| +i |-| +
(ii) l-i l-| +i |-| + ln(| =<l-|- l-< +i +| ~|z+-| t|-i t
8. l< ( l| n l-| R + <|-| z|| + i- --- t|- |n -~|+ l-| +| |i- -|| -=+
+ +|| +| =nn|(
Draw and explain the output waveform across the load resistor R, if the input waveform is as shown in the
given figure.
. |ni l|- +| += +n l+| | =+-| t
How can spherical aberration be minimized?
10. l| (l+li + l-n| +i || +
Give an account of the laws of radioactivity.
11. l-|--lnl|- n = l+-ti <| +| =nn|(
(i) -| - (ii) ~-l-| - (iii) ~+|z|i -
Explain the following terms:
(i) Ground waves (ii) Sky waves (iii) Space waves
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vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. -| i +| t` :=+ ~|| -|n+, ~z-|n+ +n -|n+ n ~- + l+=i ~z-|n+ +
l-| -|n|- n l-- + =|| l+= -t <n-| t, =nn|(
What are energy bands in solids? How semiconductor, metal and Insulators can be classified on the basis
of band theory. Explain variation of resistance with temperature in case of semi conductor with reference to
conductor. 1+2+3=5
Or,
+n|-- ~|| +| t|-| t` :=+i n<< = l+=i |-i || |lt- L-C-R l| + ''l-|||'' t-
+ |-- +
(+ >|iz L-C-R l| n +, =|+ -|| l-| + <|-| z| -|i : l-||-- +nz| 30
V, 30 V -|| 60V t := l| n ~||l- l-| |lt- || + i- +| +|n|-|-- t`
What is a phasor diagram? With its help, derive an expression for the impedance of an ac series L-C-R
circuit. In series LCR circuit, voltages across an inductor, a capacitor and a resistor are 30v, 30v and 60v
respectively. What is the phase difference between the applied voltage and current in the circuit.
1+1+2+1=5
13. | = n +i n<< = l+=i ~l =n ~|lz|- |n|+| -|n+ + l+=i |ti l-< l- -i-|
+i |-| + -|| l<||( l+ l+=i |ti l-< + ln( |n +| || ~|z| -=+ +-< l|- n|-| |
=+-| t ~|lz|- |||n |n + -|i- l- -|| =-|i ||-| +| z|- t|-| t
Using Gausss theorem, show mathematically that for any point outside the shell, the field due to a uniformly
charged thin spherical shell is the same as if the entire charge of the shell is concentrated at the centre. Why
do you expect the electric field inside the shell to the zero according to this theorem? 3+2=5
Or,
| +i |-| =nn|( ~| | ||+ +i l-|||| < (+ N | n| |ni L n-|: -|| r l|-| +
l-|ln+| + ln( + +i |-| +
Define self-inductance and give its S.I. unit. Derive an expression for self inductance of a long, air-cored
solenoid of length l, radius r, and having N number of turns. 2+1+2=5
14. (i) =nl-|i -n = ~| +| =nn- t :=+i lz||-|~| +| ln|
(ii) l-i -|| +i -i-| ( l-| n =-- |n -|| l-<z||+ -|lnl- n ||l- +
(i) What are equipotential surfaces ? Discuss its properties. 1+1=2
(ii) Derive an expression for relation between electric potential and field in certesian and polar
co-ordinater. 2+1=3
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Ph-[ 33 ]
Or,
<lz|- l+( ( l---lnl|- -| n = +|-+|- =-| -ti t ` ~- --| +| +|| ln|
Which among the curves shown in the figure cannot possibly represent electrostatic field lines .Give reason
for your answer. 1+1+1+1+1=5
15. l+=i -|-|l+ l(+ +| =--| -| +| =nn|(
Explain a nuclear reactor in detail. 5
Or,
(I) -|l-|+i ~l-|l+| A + B = C +D n A, B, C ( D +i - -| +nz| E
A,
E
B,
E
C
( E
D
t
:= ~l-|l+| n n+- -| a|- +
(II) l+=i -n- n |t = l- (+|+ =n n n -|l-|+ | | t :-+| -||+
t =n t = 0
-|l-|+| +i =| N
0
t =n t :-+i =| -|(
(I) Find the energy released in the nuclear reaction A = B = C + D the binding energies of A, B, C are E
A
,
E
B
, E
C
and E
D
. 3
(II) Nuclei are being added at the rate n nuclei per second in a sample. Its decay constant is
At t = 0,
the number of nuclei is N
0
. Determine the number at time t. 2
Or,
l+=i =-| --n + -- + ln( -+- l+-ti <| +|+| +| -|n -|( =n l-| +i n<< =
=n|-|i +n +| =-| --n + n -| +| =nn|( =n|-|i +n +i +| lz||-|( t

Name two factors which determine the choice of a communication channel. Explain the use ofcoaxial
cables as a communication channel with the help of its simple diagram. What are the advantages of coaxial
cable? 2+2+1=5
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Ph-[ 34 ]
MODEL SET (iz k:i i=k|IV
SECTION ([k.M|I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. -|-|+i =n- (Fusion) +i l+| --- -| t|-i t, +|l+(Fusion taken place at high temperature because:)
(A) n|| --- -| ti ~|l-+ - t|- t (atoms are ionised at high temperature)
(B) ~| --- -| - t (molecules break u p at high temperature)
(C) -|l-|+ --- -| -| t (nuclei break up at high temperature)
(D) --- l- -| -|l-|+il+|| + n + li- -|l-|+| +| |= n- + ln( ~|z+ t|-i t (kinetic
energy is high enough toi overcome repulsion between nuclei.)
2. l+=i l, +| (+ =n l-i -|| n || | -| -= l||ni l-i n t||
If an electric dipole is kept in a uniform electric field then resultant electric force on it, is
(A) tnz|| z|- (always zero) (B) +-|i z|- -ti (never zero)
(C) l, +i -|n-| l--| +-| (depends upon capacity of dipole)
(D) +|: -ti (none)
3. LCR l| n l- ~--|< t|- + ln( ~|z+ t (In LCR circuit to produce resonance)
(A)
1
C
c
=
(B)
1
C
c
=
(C) = C + (D) None
4. (+ =-|n+ z +| l-n
( )
V
= l+=i --+i -||

( )
B
n |n|| |-| t z + <|-| l=| + i- l-||--

<| t|| (A conducting rod is rotated in uniform magnetic force field
( )
B
with constant velocity

( )
V
. The
p.d. is developed between ends of rod when)
(A)
V II l

(B)
V II B

(C)
l II B
(D) +|: -ti (None)

5. <| + L
1
-|| L
2
+| =n|-|-- +n n || |-| t -|| l-||-=| (+ |-i || l| = t-i t -| l+=i l--
=n l- || +| ~-|- (i
1
/i
2
) t||
Two inductros L
1
and L
2
are connected in parallel and a time varying current flows. The ratio of (i1/2) at any
time t is i
1
and i
2
are currents through L
1
and L
2
respectively.
(A) L
1
/L
2
(B) L
2
/L
1
(C)
( )
2
1
2
1 2
L
L L +
(D)
( )
2
2
2
1 2
L
L L +
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Ph-[ 35 ]
6. |-i = | l=z|-- n 111 l-l- +-| t
Inbinary system 111 represents
(A) (+ (1) (B) -i- (3) (C) =|- (7) (D) (100)
7. tn- -| (||| +i t-|- n +| -=t|+- t|-i t
Which of the following help us for recognition of precious stone ?
(A) ~- |-||n l+| (Ultravoilet rays) (B) ~+- l+| (Infrared)
(C) x-ray (x-rays) (D) +|: -ti (none)
8. l< <| =-|n+ |n ~n~n ~|lz|- +- + |< | l< | -|
If two conducting spheres are connected after charging separately then
(A) <|-| |n| +i -| =l-|- ti (both sphere energy will remain conserved)
(B) <|-| +| ~|z| =l-|- t-| t (both charge remains conserved)
(C) -| ( ~|z| <|-| =l-|- t (both energy & charge remain conserved)
(D) +|: -ti (none)
9. NOR gate +| n| l+ =+- t (The logic symbol of NOR gate is)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
10. -l+n -=ii +| +n t|-| t (The order of nuclear density is )
(A) 10
3
(B) 10
17
(C) 10
6
(D) +|: -ti
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t
11. +|- (Statement)I : |- +| Signal =|n|-- n|n + t|- t (Danger signal are made of red colour.)
+|- (Statement)II : n|n +|z| +i -|n == ~l+ ~| ~ n -|<| < z t|-| t (Velocity of red light is mex
and more visible in dark.)
12. +|- (Statement)I : ~||n n|nz|- +| |l +i n<< = |-- l+| | =+-| t (Am (amplitude modulation)
canbe obtained by using a transistor.)
+|- (Statement)II : ~||n n| n z|- +| |-- +- t - -|n+ l- lz|- (i +| +-| -| t (There is
need of positive feedback to obtain AM.)
13. +|- (Statement)I : 60 + |-- +|| -||
2
~--|+ |n l-n + ln( ---n l-| 30 t (For a prism
of refracting angle 60 and refractive index, =
2
, the Minimum deviation is 30
+|- (Statement)II : - --n l-| + ln( r
1
= r
2
=
A
2
= 30 (Atminimum deviation, r
1
= r
2
=
A
2
= 30)
14. +|- (Statement)I : |lz||ni l-|t+ n n|-| t (Potentiometer measures emf.)
+|- (Statement)II : |-ni l-||-- n|-| t (Voltmeter measures potential difference.|
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15. +|- (Statement)I : >|iz l-|+| +| +n l-| l+-- l-| = ~l+ t|-| t (Total resistance of
resistances in series is greater than individual values.)
+|- (Statement)II : |zz l-|+| +| +n l-| l+-- l-|| = +n t|-| t (Total resistance of
resistances in parallel is smaller than the individual values.)
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 316.
t|: |- n|| + ln( +- | + l=z|-- + ~-=|, l+=i n n Orbit n ~l|- :n + | -
According to Bohr's theory of h ydrogen atom
(A) +| = (1/n) + =n|-|l- t|-| t (linear momentum is proportionel to 1/n)
(B) + Orbit +i l|-| (n) + =n|-|-i t|-| t (the radius is proportionel to n)
(C) +i l- -| + (1/n2) + =n|-|-i t|-| t (the K.E. is proportional to 1/n
2
)
(D) +||i = (1/n2) + =n|-|-i t|-| t (the angular momentum is proportional to n)
17. A point object is placed at 30 cm from a convex glass lens 8
3
2

=

of focal length 20 cm. The final image of
object will be formed at infinity if :
(A) another concave lens of focal length 60 cm is placed in contact with the previous lens
(B) another conves lens of focal length 60 cm is placed at distance of 30 cm from the first lens
(C) the whole system is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 4/3
(D) the whole system is immersed ina liquid of refractive index 9/8
18. l< +|: l| ~|lz|- +| l+=i l- --+i n +| ~--| -ti +-| t| -|
If a charged particle at rest experiences no electromagnetic force then ?
(A) l- -|| ~z z|- t|| (Electric field must be zero)
(B) --+i -|| ~z z|- t|| (Magnetic field must be zero)
(C) l- -|| z|- t| -|i =+-| ~| -ti -|i (Electric field may or may not be zero)
(D) --+i -|| z|- t| -|i =+-| t ~| -ti -|i (Magnetic field may or may not be zero)
19. n ||( =-t n-- t ((Lines of force are normal to surface) (A) -|n+ (Conductor)
20. l-| -- +i < nt-|n t (B) =nl-|i -n
(Rate of potential fall is maximum) (equipotential surface)
21. =-|i l-< (+ ti l-| t (C) l- -|| +i l<z|| n
(All the points are at the same) (in the direction of electri field)
22. l<| | ~|z| |ti -n t (D) l- -|| +i -i -| z|- t
(Given charge is on outer surface) (electric field intensity is zero)
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
| z|l< <| - l-+ ~||n a -|| b t , ~||- +-i t ~| l||ni ~||n A t -
A =
2 2
a b 2ab cos + + t| (+ +n| l--|+ t +|z| +i -i-| (I), ~||n + + ~-+n|-|-i t
I s A
2
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~||- 1 s a
2
+ b
2
+ 2ab cos ; =||i l+-+| +i l|l- n cos = 2n; Imax = k (a + b)
2
l+ l-z|+|i l+-+| n Imin = k (a b)
2
l< <| +n| =-- +|z| = |-| = |-- +|z| -| + -i -|~| +|
~-|- 81 : 1 | l+-+| +-i t -| = --| + ~|| l---lnl|- z- n --| <
If two waves having amplitudes a and b make superposition the resultant amplitude A is given as
A = 1
2 2
a b 2ab cos + + where is phase constant. The intensity (I)
2
is directly proportional to
square of amplitude. I A
2
I.e. I (a
2
+ b
2
+ 2ab cos )
In case of constructive interference cos = 2np. I
max
= k (a + b)
2
While in case of destructive interference I
max
= k (a b)
2
Light wave from two coherent sources of intensity ratio 81 : 1 produce interference. Using these information
choose correct answer in the following.
23. nt-|n ~| ---n -i -|~| +| ~-|- t|| (The ratio of maxima and minima in the interference pattern is.)
(A) 9 : 1 (B) 81 : 1 (C) 25 : 16 (D) 16 : 25
24. <| +|z| = |- + ~||n| + ~-|- t (The ratio of amplitudes of light waves from two sources is )
(A) 1 : 4 (B) 4 : 1 (C) 2 : 1 (D) 1 : 2
25. <| =|- + ~||n| + ~-|- t (The ratio of amplitudes of two sources is )
(A) 9 : 1 (B) 81 : 1 (C) 1 : 9 (D) 1 : 81
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. l---lnl|- +| =nn|( (Explain the following terms)
(i) -| - (Ground waves) (ii) ~-l-| - (Sky Waves) (ii) ~|+|z|i - (Spaces waves)
2. l+=i =n|-|-- -n | |n = |-+ + ln( l---lnl|- l|l-| n |l-| +| + ln|
Write an expression for capacitor of a parallel plats capitor.
(i) -n| + i- +|: K |-|+ |n| n|n -|| t| (When a dietectric medium of district constant K
is completely imested between plate of the capaitor.
(ii) -n | + i- t -| |: (t < d, d = = |-+ + <| -| -n | + i- +i < i| ( k | -| + |n -n +| |n| |(
(When a slab of thicknen t (t < d, d = separation between plate of the capacitor) and dutric costant t is
introduced between the plates.
3. <| + -|l-|+ + |= =i ~|l-- ~-| l+| |n | + =<-| n '---n -<i+i +| l-||l|- +- t ( -=+|
+ l-+|n
Explain the term distance of desert approach in Ruttherford experiment and deduce the exprenion for it.
4. l+|l-| +i n<< = (+ =-n<z|i | || ni <i- n l-l- -- +| <z||
Draw a ray diagram to show formationi of an image by a compound microscope or an astronomical telescope.
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5. -|-|+i ~l-|l+| +i n<< = (i) ~-| -| -|| (ii) i|-| + ,|| <n- |n - |- -|| | | - + ~-|- +|
=nn| (Explain with the rays of ..the following cases, how the neutron to proton ratio changer during (i) alpha-
dicay (ii) beta-decay.
6. l|- l + l=z|-- +| ln| l+=i ~a|- l-| +| a|- +- + ln( +- l| +| <z||
State the principle of wheat stone Bridge. Drow a circuit diagram used to evalual an unknaown resistence.
7. + l, lz< l-+n| | n <| =t~||ni +|z| | +i -i-| +nz| I -|| I + I t, t| I << I. =|l- +
l+ <i-- l +i -i-| 4I -|| ~<i-- l| +i -i -|
( )
2
I
4I
t (In a double slit expriment, the two cohunt beams

have slightly different intensities I and I + lI (lI << I). Show that the resultant intersity at the maxima is nearly
4I while that at minima is
( )
2
I
4I
)
8. --+i z|l|- | +| t` :=+i n<< = ''||z|in-|'' ( ''l-|lt-|'' +| =nn|(
What is hystesis loop ? Explain with the help of the graph term retentivity and Coercivity.
. l+=i ~-- -+ |n <|| + -| || +| ln| (Give any Four properties of diamagnetic substances.)
. --+i z|l|- | +| t` :=+i n<< = ||z|in-| -|| l-|lt-| +| =nn|(
What is hysteresis loop ? Explainwith its help the terms retentivity and coercivity.
. l+=i ~|z| =nt ,|| (+ ~|z| ~||l- n| + ln( ~||| + l=z|-- +| =nn|(
State the superposition principle for electrostatic force on a charge due to a number of charges.
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. l-i l, + +|| l+=i l-< P (r, Q) l- l-| ( -i -| +| + a|- + t| (r, Q) l, + +-<
= P +| i l-|n+ t (Calculate ...P (r, Q) due to an electric dipole.)
Or,
=|l- + l+ <| ~|l ~|lz|- = |-+| +| -| = | - tnz|| -| +| r|= t|-| t (Prove that these in always
loss of electrostatic potential energy, when two charged capacitors are toined with wire.)
Or,
<| e ( +e ~|z||, l-+| < +nz| m -|| 3m t , +| ~--- <i | + z| l<| |-| t <|-| ~|z||
+ i- +i <i r t|-| :-+ -|n + ln( + a|- + (Calculate the speed of two charges e and + e with
respective masses m and 2 m at a separation of r after being redused from a for-off distance.)
13. f
1
-|| f
2
|+= <i |n <| n=| +| +z <i || |-| t .......... |+= <i -|| =n-- n= +i l|l- a|- +
An equiconvex lens with radii of culvature of magnitude r each in put over a liquid leyer poured on top of a plane
mirror. A small needle, with its tip on the principle axis of the lens is moved along .....Concider
Or,
l+=i --|n n= +| (+ =n-n <| + - || |-| t <| +|z| |n| |-| t, -| l+=i - +| a +i
<i |- = l-l- - ti ... + -=i - +| l-l- b +i <i (+<= = lnn-| t :- -| + ~|
| --| ~--|+ +ln( + a|- + (with the needle itself. The distance of it, needle from the lens is
measured to be a. On removing the liquid layer and repeating the experiment the distance is found to be b.
With the help of these data obtain an expression for the reflaction index of the liquid.)
Or,
t|:-= + -| l=z|-- +| =nn|( -|| := l=z|-- +i n<< = |-- + l-n +| ||l- +
Find the focal length and position of equiralent lens for a system of two lenses separated at a distance d.
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Or,
Explain Huygin's principal of wavelets and on the basis of the principle establish law of reflection.
14. || =| nn|= + l-n +| =nn|( (Explain Biot-Savart's law.)
Or,
| +i |-| =nn|( ~| | ||+ +i l-|||| < (+ N | n| |ni L +i n-|: -|| r l|-| + l-|ln+|
+ ln( + +i |-| + (Define Self-inductance and give its S.I. unit. Derive an expression for say-
inductances of a long air-Corcd Solinid of length l, radius r and having N number of turns.)
Or,
=|:+n| |- + -|, l=z|-- +|l-l +i =l-| || + -|| -|( l+ -~|lz|- +| += l- t|-| t
Write Contruction, Principle and working of a cycle tron and explain accebration of positivel .............. practicles.
15. =n|- <n|- m + <| l| | n =n|- n-|: l + <| l=-+ || = (+ ti l-< = n+| t <|-|
=n|- ~|z| q l< |- t (Two pith balls of equal masses m each are
suspended from a common point by silk threads,each of length l |
l<|| l+ z| +||
+ ln( :-+ i- +i <i x +| n|- (They are given

equal charges of q. Show that the seperation x between balls is)

1
2
3
0
q l
2p mg
t|| (for small
. )
Or, ~||"
l< -|n+ + <|-| l=| + i- l-| a|- + l< R ( r n
~-- t- +n t
Find the resistance of the conductor shown in the figure, If the difference
between radiiR & r is very small.
Or, ~||"
(I) l+=i |-|=n +| l- |t+ n |- t +| =n + ~-< l- -|| z|- t
(a) l| |n| t (b) < l| = (+ =n || t-i t
+ l|l- n ~- --| +| +|| + (A simple voltaic cell has e.m.f. of 1V. Is there
a net field inside the cell when (i) circuit is open (ii) circuit is closed and a steady current is drawn
from it ? Explain your answer is each case.)
(II) <| =+-<i a -|| b l|-| |n |n + i- + -|| +| R l-|+-| |n n|n = -| l<| |-|
t , -| := -| | + l-| +i |-| + (The in between space between concentric spheres of radii
a and b (when a < b) is filled with a medium of resistivity p. What is the resistance of the gap?)
(III) +| + --+i -|| +i =--| + ln( --|i -|| <l-||i +| t|-| ~l-| t ` l+=i || :
= --- l-i -|| + | n ~| +| =|-- t 2+1+2=5 (Is it necessary for every
magnetic field configuration to have a north pole and a south pole? What about the field due to a
toroid ?)
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MODEL SET (iz k:i i=k|V
SECTION ([k.M|I
=n 1 | | + 10 ln. (~l-l+-| ] [ || + :
--| -|ln+| n l-l;- + 10 1 = 10
correct answer.
1. |-i =| l=z|- n l-l- +-| t (In binary system 111 represents)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2. ~z -|n+ n l- -|n+-| + ln( --|<|i t (In semiconductors which are responsible for conduction)
(A) +n :n+ | - (only electron) (B) :n+ | - -|| t|n <|n| (electron & holes both)
(C) +n t|n (only holes) (D) +|: -ti (none)
3. |-i =| l=z|- n l-l- +-| t (In binary system 111 represents)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4. l---lnl|- n = l+=+ -=- = element n change -ti t|-| t (By emission of which of the following element
remains unchanged.)
(A) -decay (B) -decay (C)
decay (D) -decay

5. l+=i ~-|lz|- - (+ +n- ~|z| t|- + ln( -=n = l-+|n :n+ | -| +i =| t|i (The number
of electrons taken out from a body to produce 1 coulumb of change with to)
(A) 6.25 10
18
(B) 6.25 10
8
(C) 6.23 10
23
(D) None
6. <| n-= l-+i -|n-| 15D -|| +5D t, +| =+- +- =|- +i |+= <i t|i (Two lens of power
15D and +5D are placed is contact co-axially. The focal length of equlvalent lens is)
(A) 10 cm (B) 20 cm (C) +10 cm (D) none
7. - -|| n l+=i l, +| |n|- n l+| | +| t|-| t (The work done in rotating an electric dipole in an
electric field is)
(A) W = ME (1 cos )(B) W = ME tan ) (C) W = ME sec (D) None
8. l+=i ~-|n+ <|| + |n +| ~|<z| <- t l-l- t|-| t
If spere of bad conductor is given charge then it is distributed on
(A) =-t (surface) (B) =-t + ~n|| ~< -|i (Inside the surface also)
(C) +n -|i- (only inside the surface) (D) +|: -ti (None)
9. l---lnl|- n = l+=+i --+z|in-| ~l+ t|i `
Which of the following has higher magnetic susceptibility ?
(A) ~---+i (diamagnetic) (B) l- --+i (paramagnetic)
(C) n|t --+i (ferromagnetic) (D) +|: -ti (None)
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10. |-i -|| =i=| + ~--|+ +nz|
4
3
-||
5
3
t (+ +|z| +i l+| =i=| = |-i n | ti t , -| +|l-+ +||
t| | (Refractive index of water and glasses are
4
3
and
5
3
. A light ray is going to water from glass. Then its
critical angle will be )
(A)
1
4
sin
5
(B)
1
5
sin
4
(C)
1
1
sin
2
(D)
1
2
sin
1
II. vz- = | = -+ + + z- n <| +|- (+|- I ( +|- II) l<( ( t :- +|-| + ~||
l<( ( l+-| (a), (b), (c) ( (d) n = =ti l+- +| - -| +
statements. 5 1 = 5
(a| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i ti || t |If both the statements are true and statement
Ii is the correct explanation of statement I.)
(b| ~ <|-| +|- =ti t ~| +|- II +|- I +i =ti || -ti t (If both the statements are true and
statement II is not the correct explanation of statement I.)
11. +|- (Statement)I : -|n+ ~|z| +| |t tnz|| --- l-| = l--- l-| +i ~| t|-| t (Positive charge
always move from a point of higher potential to a point of lower potential.)
+|- (Statement)II : l- l-| (+ ~l<z| |lz| t (Electric potential is vector quantity.)
12. +|- (Statement)I : i +| l-| z|- t|-| t (Electric potential is a vector quantity.)
+|- (Statement)II : i +| l-i -|| z|- t|-| t (Electric potential of earth is zero.)
13. +|- (Statement)I : (+ =ii l-|ln+| l=n || t ti t|, (+ z --+ + -- t|-| t A linear solenold
carrying current equivalent to a bar magnet.)
+|- (Statement)II : <|-| +| --+i n ||( (+ ti =-t +i t|-i t (The magnetic field lines of both are
same.)
14. +|- (Statement)I : |- +| signal =|n|-- n|n + t|- t (Danger signals are made of red colour.)
+|- (Statement)II : n|n +|z| +i -|n == ~l+ ~| ~ n -|<| <- t|-| t (Velocity of red light is
max and more visible in dark)
15. +|- (Statement)I : l-| -| ||+ +| n|- tnz|| -|n+ t|-| t (The tem. co-effecient of resistance is
always positive.)
+|- (Statement)II : |- | --+ (-| +| -| c|- --+| l-| c-| t (On increasing the temp. the
resistance of metais & alloys increases.)
+| - -| +
questions. 3 1 = 3
16. l+=i l-< l-i -|| +| n|- l--| +-| t (Electric field intensity at a point depends upon)
(A) -|| ~|z| (Field charge) (B) ~|z| (Test charge)
(C) n|n +i l-z|in-| (Permittivity of medium)
(D) l-< ~|z| -|| ~|z| +i i- +i <i (Distance between point & test charge)
17. l +| -| l--- n = l+=+ n||+ n | t|-i t (Rydberg is used as unit of)
(A) - =| (Wave number) (C) -< (Wave length)
(B) n|| -||l-+i n -| + ln( (Energy in atomic physics) (D) +||i = (Angular momentum)
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Ph-[ 42 ]
18. n (Led) n (High doping level)
(A) --- |l n-|n (High doping level)
(B) i+|-i-z|- + +|| +|z| +| -=- (Light is emitted due to recombination)
(C) lnn ~|=-|: +| | t|-| t (Gallium arsenide is used)
(D) nl-n -|| l=ln+| - +| | t|-| t (Germenium & sillicon are used)
19. LC <|n- +i ~| l-| (Freq. of LC osc.) (A) l-|+i l| (Resistive circuit)
20. l| +i ~|=- z|l+- (Mean circuit power) (B) l-|| (Impedance)
2
2
1
R l
C

= +

21. >|iz LCR l| (LCR in series) (C)
2
I Zcos
22. LCR ~--|<i l| (LCR resonant circuit) (D)
1
Z LC
V. vz- = | : = : -+ + ln( (+ -z| l<| | t -z| +| |- = c ( -=+ |< l<( ( z-|
+| =ti --| l<( ( l+- = - -
=-| zl- (+ = ~ t l= =--| +i (+ ||- = <= ||- -+ =-|l- +- n | l+| |-| t -n|-
=-| zl- | -, :n+ | l-+ | +|z|i :=n -i- n ~z| t | -=ni, +-l-+z|- --n -|| l=i-| (+
l=-n =n +| (+n-|- +z|- t t function t l-< (+ l-+ n|- t|-| t ~l+|z| speech | =--| +|
=i| < -+ =-|l- -ti l+| | =+-| t :=n n|nz|- +i ~|z+-| t|-i t l=lz|-| n (+ l+~ (--|, (+
ln|n, (+ (-ni| -|| | -= t|-| t
A communication system is set up, used in the transmission of information from one place to another present
communication systems are generally electricak, electronic or optical. The main three parts of communicaiton
system are : Transmitter, communication channel and Reciever. A signal is defined as a single valued function
of time. This function keeps unique value at every instant of time. Most of the speech or information signals
can't be transmitted directly are a lng distance. They need modulation. The reciever consists of pick up an-
tenna, an amplifier 8 transducer. Now answer the following using these information.
23. (+ l=-n =--| +| (+ ~z| t l=nn l+=i ||= =n t|-| t
A signal is a place of information, which at a particular time has
(A) (+n n|- (single value) (B) nt-|n n|- (max value)
(C) ---n n|- (main value) (D) <| n|- (two value)
24. +z nt| =-| --n t
Some of the important communicaiton channels are
(A) t| (air) (B) | -=lnz|- (transmission lines)
(C) n +- = (free space) (D) =-|i (all of the above)
25. l+~ (--|, ln|n, (+ (--ni| ~| (+ |-= = + ~n|| ll=-| n ~|z+ t||
Out of a pick up antenna, a demodulator, an amplifier and a transducer, the reciever most have.
(A) (+ +| : (any one) (B) +|: <| (any two)
(C) +|: -i- (any three) (D) -|| (All four)
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Ph-[ 43 ]
SECTION ([k.M )II
=n 2 | | + 5 ln (~l-l+-| + n ~ + 42
vz- = | = -+ n| --|i vz- t + z- : ~ + + t
1. <| l- X ( Y +| (+ =ni --+i -|| n || |-| t, -| --+i n|| n --- l|l-
l-| n <z|| i i t A uniform magnetic field gets modified as shown below, when two specimens X and
Y are placed in it.
:= ~||
(i) X -|| Y t-|- + -|| (Identify the two specimens S and Y.)
(ii) n|| +i l|l- + +|| +| + (State the reason for the behaviour of the field lines in
X and Y.)
2. A converging and a diverging lens of equal focal lengths are placed co-axially in contact find the power and the
focal length of the combination.
3. Draw a ray diagram of an astronomical teslescope in the normal adjustment position. What will be the length of
the telescope for this position.
4. What do you mean by the resolving power of optical instrument ? Write expession for resolving power of a
telescope.
5. Write equation for Rydberg's const and give its unit.
6. Compare the radii of two nuclel of mass numbers A
1
& A
2
.
7. Define average life and half life of radio active substance. What is the relation between them.
8. If the total number of neutrons and protons in a nuclear reaction is conserved, how then is the energy absorbed
or evolved in the reaction ? Explain.
9. Draw the common emitter configuration.
10. The adjoining figure shows tracks of three charge particles 1, 2, and 3 in uniform electric field E Give the Signs
of three charges.
Write equation for transverse deflection.
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Ph-[ 44 ]
11. Which of the graph represents ohmic and nonohmic material behaviour.
In which port in zener diode works ?
vz- = | : = <i| --|i vz- t + z- ~ + + t 4 5 = 20
12. Calculate the energy in charging a conductor. Show that there is always loss in energy when two charged
bodies shared. 2+3=5
Or,
State & Prove gausses theorm. Calculate the intensity at a point outside and inside due to a charged hollow
sphere. 1+2+2=5
13. Give the theory of oscillation magnetometer. How the magnietic moments of two bar magnets are compared
without measuring moment of inertia. 2+3=5
Or,
State and explain kirchhoff's law prove the Condition of wheat-stone bridge.
14. Give the condition for sustaionable interference Calculate the conditions for maximum and minimum intensties
of du to superposition of two waves. 2+1+1=5
Or,
Write dwon lens makes formula, explaning each them. A lens of focal length 15 cm is dippend in water. What
is the new focal length (Given
a g a w
3 4
,
2 3
= =
). If the lens is dipped in a liquid under what condition, the rays
are not deviated. 1+1+3=5
Or,
(a) With the help of a labelle diagram, explain the principle and working of a moving coil galvanometer.
one diagram =1 mark
(b) Two paralle coaxial circular coils of equals radius R and equal number of turns N carry equal currents I
in the same direction and are separated by a distance 2R. Find the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic
field produced at the mid-point of the line joining their centres. 2 mark
15. Draw the Input/Output characteristic curve in CE mode. What do we understand by the cut off, active and
saturation states of the transistor ? 1+1+2=5
Or,
What is meant by the term modulation? Explain with the help of a block diagram, how the process of modulation
is carried out in radio brodcasts. what are limitations of Amplitude Modulation. 2+2+1=5
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HkkS frd 'kkL=k (Physics)] jlk;u 'kkL=k (Chemistry)]
thofoKku (Biology)] ,oa xf.kr (Mathematics).
mPp ek;fed (12oha ) ijh{kk
SENIOR SECONDARY( XII
TH
) EXAM.
izk:i iz'u i=k mkj ,oa EkkfdZax Ldhe
: ~- -|l- | | =lt-

foKku (SCIENCE)
2010(A)
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[ ii ]
z +|z|+
lt| l|n i-|| =lnl-, -|
lt| l|n i-|| =lnl-, -|
z n -
/ (-i= n|||
z n < +
n|| ln+ z|-, ||-
|l-+ - -|-i
:= | | +| +| : -|i ~ z| | -=+| --|
lt| l|n i-|| =lnl- +i | - nl- + l-|
n l< - | +|lz|- +-| <-i ~| t| | -||
+| i|: ~ll-n + li- t| |
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[ iii ]
#~-| +i +nn =
lt| l|n i-|| =lnl- (--- n|ln+| + XIi ( XIIi + z||z|||~| +| : +i
|l| + i-|| + ln( n|-| < =i | | z- |(Model Question- Answer| -n +|- t ( ~|
t| t| t| t =lnl- +| t -i- tn =+| +i 'lz|-||' + | n (+ llz| <l+|| ~||l-
t --- n|ln+ la|- +i c |: +| =ni-i- ( l+-= - -|- +i l<z|| n t n| ln+ |= t |-
n |-- z|-|l|+ ll|l-, ~|-| z||| + lz|-||- ( vz||=l-+ =in|~| +| |- n |- t(
=i. i. (=. : . + vz- - n || =z||- + =|| := v| vz-| +i =| - --|i t : n XIi
+i i-|| +| v| vz-| -n +|- =n =lnl- - - l+| || l+ : +i |l|+ i-|| = -||||
l|| +| z|+ =-|i la|-/+n|/|l|- l|| n | I + n - l-a vz- t| , l-+| --|
z||| +| ~| (n ~| (Optical Magnetic Recognition) =i <-| t|| : +i |l|+ i-|| = t(
~- -| + ~|| =lnl- +i t =| - -i l+ |l| + ~l--n i-|| = z||| +| O.M.R. =i +|
~-|= -|<| = -|<| +|| |( -|l+ --t OMR =i -|- n <-|-| t|l=n t| |( ~| n-i - +
lzn | -| +| ( v| vz-| +i i+||n+-|, +<|-| n +- i-|| -|| z||| +
~|nlz|= +i c | -i n :=+i -|l-| +| |- n |- t( =lnl- z|| =-||| +| +n (Student
Support Programme) + ~-- - := | (+ ti =|| XIi XIIi + z||| + ln( =-|i = +| n v|
vz-| -n +| ti t
v| vz-| + n|n = n-| : -l-a ( n-| -l-a -i vz- <- +
iz =lnl- +| n -z t| t | |a+n +i c|: +| + z||| n ~|nlz|= <| +-| -|l+
n t-- + i-|| n =n t| =+ ( ~-z = ~-z| ~ + -|i v|-- + =+ =lnl- +| n|--|
t l+ l< z|| =-|i v| vz- +| tn + c n -|| --+| | -| ~-|= + n -| --t XIi | XIIi
- + |a+n +i lz|-|| +| (+ ~| =- = t- - t|l=n t| |(| ~| :== ~-i =n- | -|~|
+| =n l-- l+|= + =+ (= z||| +| |-/<z| + - +i vl-|l-| i-||~| +| =|n-| +- n -|i
~|nlz|= t |
= +|| la|-/+n|/n|-l+i ( |l|- -| -+| +| z||| +| -n| +|| | t| t
v + l| + | -| - = l< t =| l+ - | ||, -- := | l= (+ n| n = +| ti
--| - | +|+ l<| | t| t =lnl- ,|| n|n vz-v| + -| l-| + ln( ~|| l- |-
-i +| z||n| n ln l-| + ~|n| + n t = z|| - l+| | t := (+ n|n --| |n =
n n|l+ +in +i -|i |-+|i <i : t -|| -| ~--|l- vz-v| + iz -z t l+ z||| n nt--
+- +i v l- t| , =|| ti n| n vz- +| < | -ti t| , =| + z i-|| + -:| - | t ~| ||
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[ iv ]
- l+ |- + ~l+| z| z||| +i c |: lt-<i n|n n t| -i t , ~- vz-v| lt-<i ~ i <| -|
n|n| n (+ =|| -n +|| | t| t :- vz-v|| +| lzn|||n+ ~- = z||| +| =ti
c = vz-| + v| +i |-+|i t| |(i
lt| | + z||| = ~in t l+ n|n vz-| + =-|i =| +| n|-+ --| lz|-|+ ~l-|-||+ +i n<<
= -| + n -|| -=+i =nn -| n |l| + i-|| n :=i - vz- z |( -|| :-n = +z
vz-| +| ~||ni i-|| n z |- +i -|i =-||-| = :-+| -ti l+| | =+-| t +n lnn|+ :=
v|vz- + t- ~- = z|| ~-z ~ + v|-- +- n =n t| -|| ll-|-- --- lz|-|| (
-+-i+i =||-| n -|n| +- t- ~|| l- vl-|l-| i-||~| n ~|=|-i = =n t| =+
tn := |- +| ~-- |< t l+ +z ~lt| +|| = =n n| n vz-v| tn -ti < =+
z|-|l|+ +|| +| =n | -ti +- +i t ( = +|| + ln( ~- + n c|-|- || -|| -+-i+i
n <-| n|-z|l+- +i +ni ti t l -|i t v|= |i t ~| |i t|, -|l+ ~|n z||| +|
z| -|l|+ n|-| -|i =lnl- + n|n = lnn-| t
n| n vz- +| - | +- n lzl|n ( --- n|ln+ - + =+|i l|n| + ~- -|i
lz|-|+| +i n<< ni : t =-|i lz|-|+ ~- ~- l|| + |l- v|-- lz|-|+ t -|| -: +i lz|-||
= n- =n = t t --+i n t-- ~| <c =| - + +|| ti n| n vz-| +| v+|z|- := |
-|i < =i | =--| t| =+| t n =lnl- +i ~| = -- =-|i lz|-|+| + vl- ~|-|| +- +-| t
z||| = ~- | t l+ n| n vz-| lnn- ti i-|| +i - |i n n |( =| vz-| +| =nn+
~-|= + n lz|-|+, z|| ( ~l-|-||+| = ~|z|| t l+ | - +<|-|n +- i-|| n =+| + v|=
n n<< + |-||l+ -| ~ -|i n|n vz- n +z-+ z |l| t| i ~- lz|-|+| ( z||| =
~| t t l+ |l| +i ~| =lnl- +| |- ~|| +|- t( ~- lnl|- = n| =lnl- +| < lz|-|+|
+| =t| ~l- ~|z+ t , | z||| +i c |: n n<< +- t |- n t- z| -|l|+ n|t| n +|n t| ,
t =|nlt+ v|= = ti =--| t :=+ ln( =lnl- +lz t ~| ~|+| =t| ~l-|- t
| (|| ( + i |<
-| -i, : ~-|
lt| l|n i-|| =lnl-,
-|
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[ v ]
z-| +| |
z-| <| || n t| | | (- l-a| -|| | : ( - l-a|
l| + +n ||+ +| : l-z|- -l-a +| l + z- t| l+ z|| l-z|- ~z| - l-a
z- t| | z-| + -- + +n n := |- +i lz|| =-+-| |i : t, l+ l| + |a +n n l-
| l- ~|| + ln( - ~ +| + +| +| || | ll-|-- ~|| + ln( ~|l- ~+| +i
l|i |a+n l-< lz|+| n <i | - +i t
I -|| l-+i + ll-|-- :+|: | + ln( ~| l- ~ + -|ln+|
:+|: l| l-+i ~ +
:+|: : l - || ~ +
:+|: l - || +| - -+i -|| (
- -+ ~ +
:+|: : l -- -+i | |-i || ~ +
:+|: l - - -+i - ~ +
:+|: +|lz|+i : ~ +
:+|: < ( ll+| +i <| ti +l- : ~ +
:+|: n|| ( -|l-|+ ~ +
:+|: :n+ |l-+ l+-| ~ +
:+|: = -| ||ln| ~ +
~ +
II =|- + ll-|-- :+|: | + ln( ~| l- ~ + -|ln+|
:+|: a| = ~|| : ~ +
:+|: : ln- ~ +
:+|: l- =|- ~ +
:+|: : ||l-+ l-+i ~ +
:+|: =-t =|- : ~ +
:+|: -| +| ~n +- +i =|n|-
l=z|-- ( l+|( ~ +
:+|: p- n| + - ~ +
:+|: d & f- n| + - ~ +
:+|: =--+ |l+ ~ +
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[ vi ]
:+|: ( -+- (i-= + t n|- |l+ : ~ +
:+|: ~-+|tn, i-| n -|| :| : ~ +
:+|: : (-it|:, +i|-, -||
+|| l+=ln+ ~-n ~ +
:+|: -|: |- +- : ~ +
:+|: : +| l-+ |l+ : ~ +
:+|: ~| ~ +
:+|: t n+ ~ +
70 va d
III ila|- + ll-|-- :+|: | + ln( ~| l- ~ + -|ln+|
:+|: -- ~| l+|= ~ +
:+|: : ~|- |lz|+i ~| l+|= ~ +
:+|: -+-i+i ( -=+ ~- | ~ +
:+|: : t|l+ i l|- (
n|- +-|| ~ +
:+|: n- ~| -| | ~ +
70 va d
IV l|- + ll-|-- :+|: | + ln( ~| l- ~ + -|ln+|
:+|: =-- (+ n- ~ +
:+|: : il|- ~ +
:+|: +n- : ~ +
:+|: : =l<z| ( i l-|n+ -|nil- ~ +
:+|: l|+ ~=ni+| ( l|+ | |ln+ ~ +
:+|: |l+-| ~ +
100 ~ +
z-| +| --+i ln-| + ~|| := -t || | t
~|=|- (Easy Level) - :
~| =- (Average level) -
--- -i = |- ~||l-
(Higher Order thinking)
l= z- ti ( = t| , l-n z||| + lzn |-|n+ -|n-| +i = -n-| = | - t| i
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[ vii ]
l|- ( ila|- +| z| z| | la|- l|| n + n ||+ +| : l-z|- ~z| ~|l++ +| l + z-
t| z-| n =-|i z- ~l-| t| + z <i| --|i z-| n ~|l--l+ l+- +i || t|i
~|-l+ l+- +| n-n t l+ l+- |a +n + -=i :+|: = t||
| (- l-a| +| l + z-| n | - +| + z- t|
-|| l-+i/=|-/ila|- n z-| +| || l---lnl|- t
> |i z- =| = :=n --| + n -| l+-
l<( ( t , l-n = (+ ti =ti t 1 x 10 = 10
> |i : z- =| = :=+ ~-- - + z- n <|
+|-/+| l<( ( t
<|-| +-| + <| -+ +i l--|
+-i t| i -|| -- +-|
+i =-| | --i t|i 1 x 5 = 5
>|i z- =| = :=n -| l+- l<( ( t| , l-n =
(+ = ~l+ --| =ti t| =+- t
=-|i =ti --|| +| l-l-t- +-| t 1 x 3 = 3
>|i : z- =| = :: -|| z- +| nn (---|| I +i -|
ll| + n l<( t ---| (+|nnII|
n -| l+- a, b, c, d l<( t ---|I +i
ll| + ---|II +i ll| + l+-
= lnn|- +-| t 1 x 4 = 4
> |i z- =| : = : -i-| z- (+ l< |z| ~||l-
t| |z| + ~- + |< -i-| z-| +|
--| l<( ( -| l+- n = < -| t 2 x 3 = 6
28 va d
| : ( - l-a| n <| +| + z- z |
> |i z- =| = -|| -i z- 11 x 2 = 22
>|i : z- =| : = <i| -i z- 4 x 5 = 20
42 va d
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[ viii ]
l|- n z-| +| || l---lnl|- t
> |i z- =| = : :=n --| + n -| l+- l<( ( t ,
l-n = (+ ti =ti t 1 x 20 = 20
> |i : z- =| : = : :=+ ~-- - + z- n <| +|-/+|
l<( ( t <|-| +-| + <| -+ +i
l --| +-i t| i -|| -- +-| +i
=-| |--i t|i 1 x 5 = 5
>|i z- =| : = : :=n -| l+- l<( ( t|, l-n = (+
= ~l+ --| =ti t| =+- t =-|i =ti
--|| +| l-l-t- +-| t 1 x 3 = 3
>|i : z- = | : -|| z- +| nn (---|| I +i -| ll|
+ n l<( t ---| (+| nn II| n -|
l+- a, b, c, d l<( t ---| I +i ll|
+ ---| II +i ll| + l+- = lnn|-
+-| t 1 x 4 = 6
>|i z- = | -i-| z- (+ l< |z| ~||l-
t| |z| + ~- + |< -i-| z-| +|
--| l<( ( -| l+- n = < -| t 2 x 3 = 6
40 ~ +
| : ( - l-a| n <| +| + z- z |
> |i z- = | = -|| -i z- 8 x 4 = 32
>|i : z- =| = : <i| -i z- 4 x 7 = 28
60 ~ +
n| -i z-| +| --| z|<| + ~-< ti < -| t <i| --|i z-| +| --| || =--|
~- ti z|<| n |: < ~|l--+ l+- +| ~l-|| t|-| t , -= z-lz| | +| l+- |a+n
+ -=i :+|: = t| -| <i| --|i z-| n ~|--l+ l+- + =|| ~| l++ z- -|i l+- + n t|
=+- t
| z- | + (+= +| --| ( ~+| + Stepwise | +i = -i z|-| -i+
= -|ln+| + n - - +i : t :== z||| lz|-|+| +| ~+| + | +| =nn- n n<< lnni
~-|
lt| l|n i-|| =lnl-,
-|
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Model Question Paper of Science Xii of Bihar State Board

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Model Question Paper of Science Xii of Bihar State Board

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Bio-[ 1 ]

<i| --|i vz- (LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS)

for a weak electrolyte and (b) degree of

tan tan .............

16. Let A be a non-singular matrix of the order n n the |adj A| = ..................

Statement II : f (x) = sin x is decreasing function in

Then (-|| x is (t| (a)

can be solved by using integration by parts. We get.

|z| =n|+n- + v| ,|| a|- l+| | =+-| t tn |- t

6. Find the general solution of the differential equation y dx (x + 2y

Let (n|-| l+| x

Integrating by parts method, taking sin

are parallel then

= ; Now the area of parallelogram

17. If 9 is the root of the equaton (l< =|l|+ +| (+ nn|

(d) None of these (:-n = +|: -ti|

n-- t|| l<

= and the angle between a

(b) 16 (c) 48 (d) None of these (:-n = +| : -ti|

then (-| x = (a)

Is continuous at x = 5, then value of k is

x dx as the limit of sum ? (<| lnl- + | + n|

13. If f(x) = sin

(d) None (+|: -ti|

does not exists (

+| ~l- -ti t| (d) None (+|: -ti|

Statement (+|-| II : Solution is

+| n|- t||| (c) f

,|| l<| |-| t|

(n|- l-+|n cos x x dx

. Find the area of the smaller part of the circle x

,|| l<| |-| t|

, x,y,z, in N. Show that (l<||( l+|(hog)of = ho(gof).

(~-|n [0, 2] n | n vn +i =-| |-, l< f(x) = x

+ i- t|-| t (Between 1 &

) (D) :-n = +|: -ti (None of these)

n| l<| |-| t ~| <|-| -|| +| (+ =|| (a l<| |-|

resistance wire is bent at the middle by 180

between the planes of transmission of analyser and polariser..

Io represents maximum intensity of the transmitted light.

+i ti l<z|| n |ti l- -||

(b) P.E.=Potential at the point charge which is placed there

P.E. = 2 times K.E.

. Let at any time t

At t = 0, i = 0 and at time t the current is i. Integrating the above equatin, we have.

where the symbols have their standard meaning.

-|i -l|- t -| =||i

is present is the region. Match column I with column II. |

=n|-|i +n +| =-| --n + n -| +| =nn|( =n|-|i +n +i +| lz||-|( t

= l+=i --+i -||

n |n|| |-| t z + <|-| l=| + i- l-||--

with constant velocity

(D) +|: -ti (None)

t (In a double slit expriment, the two cohunt beams

+ ln( :-+ i- +i <i x +| n|- (They are given

decay (D) -decay

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