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Mesh organization
Unstructured
Elements generally tets (triangles)
Structured
Elements hexes (quads) only
Valence 5 Valence 3
Conformal Meshes
Mesh is conformal iff:
Completely and exactly covers the domain Intersection of any two elts in mesh is either:
Empty set Single point An entire edge of both An entire face of both
Conformal Meshes
Some definitions also require convex quad elements
non-conformal quad mesh
Solvers can often still run on non-conformal meshes, but bigger errors
Hybrid mesh
Unlike VD-DT duality, only derive the topology (not geometry) in the dual space
2D STC
Quad mesh (primal space) Node Edge Row of quads Quad
Centroid
Intersection of 2 chords
2D Example
3D Mesh Duality
Spatial Twist Continuum is hex mesh dual STC is an arrangement of intersecting sheets
Another 3D example
STC Terminology
Vertex Sheet
Chord
Whisker
STC
Hex mesh
3D STC
STC (dual space) Sheet Chord
Intersection of 2 sheets
Hex mesh (primal space) Layer of hexes Column of hexes Quad face Hex
Whisker
Dangling edge of chord
Vertex
Intersection of 3 sheets
2D Loop Example
Acknowledgements
Jonathan Shewchuk
Los Angeles basin meshes
CRC Handbook of Grid Generation The Spatial Twist Continuum (Murdoch, Benzley, Blacker, Mitchell)