PROJECT STUDY REPORT On Training Undertaken at

STUDY OF INVESTER PERCEPTION TO INVEST IN

STOCK MARKET
Submitted in partial fulfilment for the Award of degree of Master of Business Administration PACIFIC INSTITUTEOF MANAGEMENT Udaipur (RAJ.)

SUBMITTED By:
BILAL AHMED MBA 3RD SEM [2010 -2012]

Acknowledgement

I express my sincere thanks to my project guide, Ms. _________________, Designation _________________, Deptt______________., for guiding me right from the inception till the successful completion of the project. I sincerely acknowledge him/her/them for extending their valuable guidance, support for literature, critical reviews of project and the report and above all the moral support he/she/they had provided to me with all stages of this project.

I would also like to thank the supporting staff ___________________________ Department, for their help and cooperation throughout our project.

(Signature of Student) Name of the Students

TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.NO 01. 02 . 03 . PARTICULARS ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION FINANCIAL SERVICE INDUSTRY COMPANY PROFILE 04. 05 . 06 . 07. 09. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.
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PAGE NO. 01-06 07 08

GEOJIT BNP PARIBAS -INTRODUCTION CORE STRENGTH MILE STONE. PRODUCT PROFILE CONCEPT OF MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY OVERVIEW HISTORY OF MUTUAL FUND TYPES OF MUTUAL FUND BENEFITS & DISADVANTAGE OF MF MAJOR PLAYERS IN MF INDUSTRY SELECTION OF MUTUAL FUND RECENT TRENDS IN MF INDUSTRY DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL IN MF ROLE OF SEBI IPO and DEMAT STOCK MARKET REVIEW DERIVATIVES DERIVATIVES TERMINOLOGY QUESTIONERS SWOT ANALYSIS FINDINGS RECOMANDATION
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09 10 11 12-13 14 15-16 17 18-21 22-24 25 26 27 28 29-32 33-50 51 52-53 54-72 73 74 75

21. 22. 23 24. 25. 26.

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28.

LIMITATION
BIBLIOGRAPHY

76
77-78

PREFACE
I had undergone a practical training under GEOJIT BNP PARIBAS UDAIPUR. It was a good exposure for me to undergo training in such a company to get the knowledge and experience regarding investment opportunities and future aspect Summer training is one of the major experiencing components of the Knowledge, gain of relevant of information with respect to finance and dealing with situation in a professional course like M.B.A. where a professional person faces a problem in a field. I was able to get familiarized with the customer relationship and got to know how a company measure to resolve their grievances and services them to the maximum for future prospect and success. Field component like survey, generation of questioner With respect to marketing helped me a lot and would be a great support in future.

OBJECTIVE
The main purpose of the On Job Training is to meet with the real life exposure & experience of the corporate world. The objectives OJT are as follows: Analyzing the market survey and thereby finding out the investment pattern of the customer. The main motive of my OJT (on the job training) is to increase the sales of the companys product (i.e. sale of DEMAT account and Mutual Fund), its a sales orientated training. Proper understanding and analysis of the perspective investor about this financial product. Create awareness about Derivative among customers Giving knowledge how Derivative helps in minimizing loss Aware customers about GEOJIT BNP PARIBAS Brand Aware customers about IPOs

ABSTRACT

There are two ways of wealth creation namely professional income and investment income. Investing money is a greater art than earning money, especially in market so volatile and with so many investment options available (mutual funds, FDs, IPOs, and Insurance etc.). At the retail level, investors are unique and are a highly heterogeneous group. The objective of investment differs from person to person. While someone wants security, other might give more Weighting to returns. Someone else might want to plan for his childs education while someone might be saving for the life after retirement. This project is a detailed study about the investment behavior towards different investment options available and main concerns of the investor. This project tries to simplify the investors behavior and tries to highlight the following matters. 1. Description of investors behavior. 2. Factors that affect investors behavior. 3. Psychology of investor. 4. Financial planning. Before we could understand investors behavior we should know all the investment alternatives available to investors and understand some products which are sought after by investors. Therefore first of all we will explain mutual funds and insurance in detail. The study analyses the reasons, for paradigm of shift of investors from FDs, Bonds, Equity markets and other investment options towards Mutual Funds after post liberalization period and their perception about the mutual funds in the current scenario and it also analyses the relationship between demographics and their investment option

1.INTRODUCTION
The report is divided into five sections. Section 1- Company Profile Section 2- Mutual Funds Section 3- Insurance Section 4- IPO and Demat Section 5- Investors Behavior and Survey Findings. This project is in the final stage and this report is on the study of primary & secondary data and the brief discussions on the work done so far. Initially, this report contains a systematic study of various investment instruments highlighting investment behavior based on different prevailing interest rates, market scenario and the conditions; towards risk taking ability and the returns expected. The study done through secondary data has been given in investors behavior section and study done through primary data has been covered in survey findings. Then this study along with primary data collected regarding investment behavior will be implemented in understanding the investors behavior & dilemma faced by investors before investing. This will help us to understand the asset allocation pattern of investors based on various factors like risk taking ability, interest rates prevailing in the market, income, and age of investor. People have different investment objective and risk appetite. So to get the highest returns, asset allocation through active portfolio management is the key.

SECTION-1 1.1Financial Services Industry One of the important pillars in the Indian economy is the service sector and financial service industry plays a major role in that. Financial service industry can be divided into two parts: 1.1.1. Banking Institutions 1.1.2. Non- Banking Institutions Banking institutions are the institutions that hold banking license which are granted by bank regulatory authority. They conduct the most fundamental banking services such as accepting deposits and making loans. Non- Banking Institutions are the one which do not hold banking license but are regulated by NBFCs (Non Banking Financial Corporations). They perform functions like: Stock Market Insurance Mutual Fund

GEOJIT BNP PARIBAS

INTRODUCTION It all started in the year 1987 when Mr. C.J. George and Mr.Ranajit Kanjilal founded Geojit as a partnership firm. In 1993, Mr.Ranajit Kanjilal retired from the firm and Geojit became the proprietary concern of Mr. C .J. George. In 1994, it became a Public Limited Company named Geojit Securities Ltd. The Kerala State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (KSIDC), in 1995, became a co-promoter of Geojit by acquiring a 24 percent stake in the company, the only instance in India of a government entity participating in the equity of a stock broking company. The year 1995 also saw Geojit being listed on the leading regional stock exchanges. Geojit listed at The Stock Exchange, Mumbai (BSE) in the year 2000. Companys wholly owned subsidiary, Geojit Commodities Limited, launched Online Futures Trading in agri-commodities, precious metals and energy futures on multiple commodity exchanges in 2003. This was also the year when the company was renamed as Geojit Financial Services Ltd. (GFSL). The Board consists of professional directors; including a Kerala Government nominee. With effect from July 2005, the company is also listed at The National Stock Exchange (NSE). Company is a charter member of the Financial Planning Standards Board of India and is one of the largest Depository Participant(DP) brokers in the country. On 31st December 2007, the company closed its commodities business and surrendered its membership in the various commodity exchanges held by Geojit Commodities Ltd. Global banking major BNP Paribas took a stake in the year 2007 to become the single largest shareholder. Consequently, Geojit BNP Paribas has been renamed as Geojit BNP Paribas Financial Services Ltd.

C ORE S TRENGTHS

BREADTH OF SERVICES

In line with its client-centric philosophy, the firm offers to its clients the entire spectrum of financial services ranging from brokerage services in equities and commodities, distribution of mutual funds, IPOs and insurance products, real estate, investment banking, merger and acquisitions, corporate finance and corporate advisory. Clients deal with a relationship manager who leverages and brings together the product specialists from across the firm to create an optimum solution to the client needs. MANAGEMENT TEAM AR brings together a highly professional core management team that comprises of individuals with extensive business as well as industry experience. IN-DEPTH RESEARCH Our research expertise is at the core of the value proposition that we offer to our clients. Research teams across the firm continuously track various markets and products. The aim is however common - to go far deeper than others, to deliver incisive insights and ideas and be accountable for results.

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P R O D U C T P R O F I L E O F GEOJIT BNP PARIBAS

The entire firm activities are divided Individuals, Corporate and Institutions. across distinct client groups:

GROUP OVERVIEW GLOBAL WEALTH INVESTMENT BANKING & CORPORATE BROKERAGE MANAGEMENT & DISTRIBUTION FINANCE

INSTITUTIONS

M&A

EQUITIES

PRIVATE CLIENTS IPOS, BUYBACKS, OFFERS, DERIVATIVES PLACEMENTS BONDS DEBT RAISING, MUTUAL FUNDS SYNDICATION AND COMMODITIES RESTRUCTURING INSURANCE

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INDIVIDUALS 1. Private Wealth Management 2. Brokerage and Distribution 3. NRIs CORPORATE 1. 2. 3. Institutional wealth management

INSTITUTIONS 1.Institutional research including Hedge funds 2.Managed investment services

Corporate advisory services Investment banking and corporate finance 4. Cross border advisory

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SECTION-2

MUTUAL FUND
CONCEPT OF MUTUAL FUNDS

Small investors do not have expert knowledge about the share market and they dont have enough time to track the share market. So many small investors pool together their money and entrust it to an expert called Fund Manager. Fund manager invests the money entrusted to him in different securities and thus gives wide portfolio to small investors. A mutual fund gives diversification to investors and thus reduces the risk. INTRODUCTION A Mutual Fund is a body corporate that pools the savings of a number of investors and invests the same in a variety of different financial instruments, or securities. The income earned through these investments and the capital appreciation realized by the scheme is shared by its unit holders in proportion to the number of units owned by them. Mutual funds can thus be considered as financial intermediaries in the investment business that collect funds from the public and invest on behalf of the investors. The losses and gains accrue to the investors only. The Investment objectives outlined by a Mutual Fund in its prospectus are binding on the Mutual Fund scheme. The investment objectives specify the class of securities a Mutual Fund can invest in. Mutual Funds invest in various
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asset classes like equity, bonds, debentures, commercial paper and government securities An Asset Management Company (AMC) is a highly regulated organization that pools money from investors and invests the same in a portfolio. They charge a small management fee, which is normally 1.5 per cent of the total funds managed. NAV or Net Asset Value of the fund is the cumulative market value of the assets of the fund net of its liabilities. NAV per unit is simply the net value of assets divided by the number of units outstanding. Buying and selling into funds is done on the basis of NAV-related prices. NAV is calculated as follows NAV= Market value of the funds investments+ Receivables+ Accrued Income Liabilities-Accrued Expenses

MUTUAL FUNDS - INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION

The mutual fund industry consists of investment companies that sell shares in one or more mutual funds. A mutual fund is a pool, or portfolio, of financial assets. So- called open-end funds are sold publicly and their shares must be redeemed by the investment company upon request of the shareholder. The value of the shares rises and falls with the value of the pool of financial assets. Shareholders rely on the investment company to gain a favorable return on their investment instead of operating directly in the market themselves. A fund manager determines the composition of the portfolio, which may include stocks, bonds, Government securities, shares in precious metals, and other financial assets selected to meet the stated investment objective of the fund. Mutual funds are commonly categorized by their general investment objectives. Equity funds consist mainly of common stocks and are organized primarily to achieve capital appreciation, or growth, rather than periodic distribution of income. Bond funds, on the other hand, are composed predominantly of corporate, U.S. Government, or municipal bonds and
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emphasize regular income rather than growth. Income funds have the same objective as bond funds but include Government National Mortgage Association securities, Government securities, and common and preferred stocks as well as bonds. Money market mutual funds consist of short-term instruments, such as U.S. Government securities, bank CDs, and commercial paper. Short-term municipal bond funds are composed predominantly of tax-exempt, short- term municipal securities. Investment companies sell shares directly to the public or through agents. Registered representatives of brokerage firms, insurance agencies, and financial planning firms, among others, sell mutual fund shares as part of their overall financial service. The funds usually add a sales charge, or load," which is used in part to compensate agents.

Many investment companies sell shares in funds directly to the public by mail and by telephone. These shares are usually sold "no load"-that is, with no sales charge or a nominal (less than 3 percent) sales charge. About a third of mutual funds do not carry a load. Revenue for investment companies from these funds is usually provided by management fees based on size of assets, performance, or both. Some funds, known as 12b-1 funds, use a portion of their assets for marketing and distribution expenses. A mutual fund must meet specific regulatory requirements. It must register with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), issue a prospectus giving a detailed report of its operations, and adhere to strict accounting and valuation rules. A number of regulations exist to prevent conflicts of interest among officials of investment companies. Mutual funds are also governed by state regulations and securities laws. Because of the fiduciary nature of mutual funds, they are subject to closer scrutiny than the operations of other financial institutions.

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HISTORY OF THE INDIAN MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY

The mutual fund industry in India started in 1963 with the formation of Unit Trust of India, at the initiative of the Government of India and Reserve Bank the. The history of mutual funds in India can be broadly divided into four distinct phases: FIRST PHASE - 1964 87 An Act of Parliament established Unit Trust of India (UTI) on 1963. It was set up by the Reserve Bank of India and functioned under the Regulatory and administrative control of the Reserve Bank of India. In 1978, UTI was de-linked from the RBI and the Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI) took over the regulatory and administrative control in place of RBI. The first scheme launched by UTI was Unit Scheme 1964. At the end of 1988, UTI had Rs. 6,700 crores of assets under management. SECOND PHASE 1987 -1993 (ENTRY OF PUBLIC SECTOR FUNDS) 1987 marked the entry of non UTI, public sector mutual funds set up by public sector banks and Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) and General Insurance Corporation of India (GIC). SBI mutual fund was the first non UTI mutual fund established in June 1987 followed by Can bank Mutual Fund (Dec 87), Punjab National
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Bank Mutual Fund (Aug 89), Indian Bank Mutual Fund (Nov 89), Bank of India (Jun 90), Bank of Baroda Mutual fund (Oct 92). LIC established its mutual fund in June 1989 while GIC had set up its mutual fund in December 1990.At the end of 1993 the mutual fund industry had assets under management of Rs 47004 crores. THIRD PHASE 1993-2003 (ENTRY OF PRIVATE SECTOR FUNDS) With the entry of private sector funds in 1993, a new era started in the Indian mutual fund industry, giving the Indian investors a wider choice of fund families .Also 1993 was the year in which the first Mutual fund regulations came into being under which all the mutual funds except UTI were to be registered and governed .The erstwhile Kothari Pioneer (now merged with Franklin Templeton) was the first private sector mutual fund registered in July 1993. The 1993 SEBI (Mutual Fund) Regulations were substituted by a more comprehensive and revised mutual fund regulations in 1996. The number of mutual fund houses went on increasing, with many foreign mutual funds setting up funds in India and the industry has witnessed several mergers and acquisitions. As at the end of January 2003, there were 33 mutual funds with total assets of Rs. 44,541 crores of assets under management was way ahead of other mutual funds.

FOURTH PHASE SINCE FEBRUARY 2003 In February 2003, following the repeal of the Unit Trust of India act 1963 UTI was divided into two separate entities. One is the specified undertaking of the UTI with assets under management of Rs. 29,835 crores as at the end of January 2003, representing broadly the assets of US 64 scheme, assured return & certain other schemes. The specified undertaking of UTI, functioning under an administrator & the rules framed by Govt. of India & does not come under the purview of Mutual fund regulations TYPES OF MUTUAL FUNDS By Investment Objective o o Growth Schemes Diversified Fund
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o o o o o o o o o o o

Sector Fund Index Fund Tax Saving Fund Debt Fund Liquid Funds Gilt Funds Balanced Fund Hedge Funds Open - Ended Schemes Close - Ended Schemes Interval Schemes

By Flexibility

By Geographic Location o Domestic Funds o Offshore Funds

(A) ON THE BASIS OF OBJECTIVE Equity Funds/ Growth Funds Funds that invest in equity shares are called equity funds. They carry the principal objective of capital appreciation of the investment over the medium to long-term. The returns in such funds are volatile since they are directly linked to the stock markets. They are best suited for investors who are seeking capital appreciation. There are different types of equity funds such as Diversified funds, Sector specific funds and Index based funds. Diversified funds
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These funds invest in companies spread across sectors. These funds are generally meant for risk-taking investors who are not bullish about any particular sector. Sector funds These funds invest primarily in equity shares of companies in a particular business sector or industry. These funds are targeted at investors who are extremely bullish about a particular sector. Index funds These funds invest in the same pattern as popular market indices like S&P 500 and BSE Index. The value of the index fund varies in proportion to the benchmark index Tax Saving Funds These funds offer tax benefits to investors under the Income Tax Act. Opportunities provided under this scheme are in the form of tax rebates U/s 88 as well saving in Capital Gains U/s 54EA and 54EB. They are best suited for investors seeking tax concessions.

Debt / Income Funds These Funds invest predominantly in high-rated fixed-income-bearing instruments like bonds, debentures, government securities, commercial paper and other money market instruments. They are best suited for the medium to long-term investors who are averse to risk and seek capital preservation. They provide regular income and safety to the investor. Liquid Funds / Money Market Funds These funds invest in highly liquid money market instruments. The period of investment could be as short as a day. They provide easy liquidity. They
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have emerged as an alternative for savings and short-term fixed deposit accounts with comparatively higher returns. These funds are ideal for Corporate, institutional investors and business houses who invest their funds for very short periods. These funds invest in Central and State Government securities. Since they are Government backed bonds they give a secured return and also ensure safety of the principal amount. They are best suited for the medium to long-term investors who are averse to risk Balanced Funds These funds invest both in equity shares and fixed-income-bearing instruments (debt) in some proportion. They provide a steady return and reduce the volatility of the fund while providing some upside for capital appreciation. They are ideal for medium- to long-term investors willing to take moderate risks. Hedge Funds These funds adopt highly speculative trading strategies. They hedge risks in order to increase the value of the portfolio.

(B) ON THE BASIS OF FLEXIBILITY Open-ended Funds These funds do not have a fixed date of redemption. Generally they are open for subscription and redemption throughout the year. Their prices are linked to the daily net asset value (NAV). From the investors' perspective, they are much more liquid than closed-ended funds. Investors are permitted to join or withdraw from the fund after an initial lock-in period.
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Close-ended Funds These funds are open initially for entry during the Initial Public Offering (IPO) and thereafter closed for entry as well as exit. These funds have a fixed date of redemption. One of the characteristics of the close-ended schemes is that they are generally traded at a discount to NAV; but the discount narrows as maturity nears. These funds are open for subscription only once and can be redeemed only on the fixed date of redemption. The units of these funds are listed (with certain exceptions), are tradable and the subscribers to the fund would be able to exit from the fund at any time through the secondary market. Interval funds These funds combine the features of both openended and close-ended funds wherein the fund is close-ended for the first couple of years and open-ended thereafter. Some funds allow fresh subscriptions and redemption at fixed times every year (say every six months) in order to reduce the administrative aspects of daily entry or exit, yet providing reasonable liquidity. (C) ON THE BASIS OF GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION Domestic funds These funds mobilize the savings of nationals within the country. Offshore Funds These funds facilitate cross border fund flow. They invest in securities of foreign companies. They attract foreign capital for investment.

BENEFITS OF MUTUAL FUNDS

Affordability: A mutual fund invests in a portfolio of assets, i.e. bonds, shares, etc. depending upon the investment objective of the scheme. An investor can buy in to a portfolio of equities, which would otherwise be extremely expensive. Each unit holder thus gets an exposure to such portfolios with an investment as modest as Rs.500/-. Thus it would be affordable for an investor to build a
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portfolio of investments through a mutual fund rather than investing directly in the stock market.

Diversification: Investments are spread across a wide cross-section of industries and sectors and so the risk is reduced. Diversification reduces the risk because all stocks dont move in the same direction at the same time. One can achieve this diversification through a Mutual Fund with far less money than one can on his own.

Variety: Mutual funds offer a whole variety of schemes. This variety is beneficial in two ways: first, it offers different types of schemes to investors with different needs and risk appetites; secondly, it offers an opportunity to an investor to invest sums across a variety of schemes, both debt and equity. For example, an investor can invest his money in a debt scheme and a equity scheme depending on his risk appetite to create a balanced portfolio easily or simply just buy a Balanced Scheme.

Professional Management: Mutual Funds employ the services of skilled professionals who have years of experience to back them up. They use intensive research techniques to analyze each investment option for the potential of returns along with their risk levels to come up with the figures for performance that determine the suitability of any potential investment.

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Potential of Returns: Returns in the mutual funds are generally better than any other option in any other avenue over a reasonable period of time. People can pick their investment horizon and stay put in the chosen fund for the duration. Equity funds can outperform most other investments over long periods by placing long-term calls on fundamentally good stocks. The debt funds too will outperform other options such as banks. Though they are affected by the interest rate risk in general, the returns generated are more as they pick securities with different duration that have different yields and so are able to increase the overall returns from the portfolio.

Liquidity: You are free to take your money out of open-ended mutual funds whenever you want, no questions asked. Most open-ended funds mail your redemption proceeds, which are linked to the fund's prevailing NAV (net asset value), within three to five working days of your putting in your request.

Regulations: Securities and Exchange Board of India ("SEBI"), the Capital Markets regulator has clearly defined rules, which govern mutual funds. These rules relate to the formation, administration and management of mutual funds and also prescribe disclosure and accounting requirements. Such a high level of regulation seeks to protect the interest of investors.

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DISADVANTAGES OF MUTUAL FUNDS

Professional Management: Did you notice how we qualified the advantage of professional management with the word "theoretically"? Many investors debate over whether or not the so-called professionals are any better than you or I at picking stocks. Management is by no means infallible, and, even if the fund loses money, the manager still takes his/her cut. Costs: Mutual funds don't exist solely to make your life easier--all funds are in it for a profit. The mutual fund industry is masterful at burying costs under layers of jargon. These costs are so complicated that in this tutorial we have devoted an entire section to the subject. Dilution: It's possible to have too much diversification. Because funds have small holdings in so many different companies, high returns from a few investments often don't make much difference on the overall return. Dilution is also the result of a successful fund getting too big. When money pours into funds that have had strong success, the manager often has trouble finding a good investment for all the new money. Taxes: When making decisions about your money, fund managers don't consider your personal tax situation. For example, when a fund manager sells a security, capital-gain tax is triggered, which affects how profitable the individual is from the sale.It might have been more advantageous for the individual to defer the capital gains liability.

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MAJOR PLAYERS IN THE MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY

Mutual Fund Schemes

No. of Schemes

Franklin Templeton Investments Pru ICICI Mutual Fund Birla Mutual Fund HDFC Mutual Fund DSP ML Mutual Fund Fedility Mutual Fund HSBC Mutual Fund Kotak Mahindra Mutual Fund Reliance Mutual Fund Tata Mutual Fund Standard Chartered Mutual Fund Sundaram Mutual Fund LIC Mutual Fund SBI Mutual Fund UTI Mutual Fund

136 172 157 95 60 8 70 88 106 145 136 80 56 85 140

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FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED BEFORE SELECTING A MUTUAL FUND

1. Making Risk- adjusted returns comparison. By doing this the investor will know whether the returns generated by the scheme have been adequately compensated for the extra risk undertaken by the scheme. 2. The investor depending upon his risk appetite and preferences should subclassify the schemes on the basis of the characteristics of the schemes, which may be defensive or aggressive in nature. 3. Portfolio objective is also an important factor to be considered. It is always advisable to choose a scheme, which has a well-diversified portfolio rather than a concentrated portfolio, as it carries lesser risk. 4. Liquidity of the portfolio is also one of the critical parameters.
5.

The fund size of the scheme is also of importance. A large corpus size firstly denotes investors confidence in the scheme and its fund manger abilities over the years and, secondly it allows the fund manager to diversify the portfolio, which reduces the overall market risk.

6. Other factor like turnover rate. low expense ratio load structure etc. of the schemes etc should also be considered before finally zeroing down on a scheme of your choice. 7. The rankings undertaken by ICRA is an initiative to inform the investorswho Does not have the time or the expertise to undertake the analysis on their own- about the relative performance of the schemes.

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RECENT TRENDS IN MUTUAL FUNDS In the last few years Mutual Funds industry has evolved a lot. Private and foreign mutual funds are operating in the Indian market and constitute a substantial portion of the mutual fund industry. Today the industry consists of Unit Trust of India, mutual funds sponsored by public sector banks and insurance corporations, private and foreign mutual funds. The following changes can be observed in the Mutual Funds industry. Investors preference for debt fund has decreased due to low interest rates. liquid funds have immerged as a new fund option. A lot of foreign AMCs have entered into the Indian market and a lot more are in the queue. India is emerging as a high potential market. Ceiling on aggregate investments by mutual funds in overseas instruments to be raised from $ 1 billion to $ 2 billion with removal of requirement of 10% reciprocal shareholding. Limited number of qualified Indian mutual funds to be allowed to invest, cumulatively up to $ 1 billion, in overseas exchange traded funds. Definition of open-ended equity-oriented schemes of mutual funds in the Income tax Act aligned with the definition adopted by SEBI pen ended equity oriented scheme and close ended equity oriented schemes to be treated on par for exemption from dividend distribution tax. As per the SEBI circular (SEBI/IMD/CIR No.1/64057/06) dated April 4, 2006, Initial Issue Expenses will henceforth be permitted for closed-ended schemes only. Open ended schemes should meet the sales, marketing and other such expenses connected with sales and distribution of schemes from the entry load and not through initial issue expenses.

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DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL In the recent years the distribution channel of mutual funds has become very strong mutual funds are being distributed not only directly through AMCs but also through internet, brokers, banks and other agencies. The chart given below shows the distribution channel of Mutual Funds. Large corporate usually purchase mutual funds directly through AMC;s. small investors for the sake of convenience prefer buying mutual fund schemes from distributors and through internet.
ROLE OF SEBI IN MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY

In the year 1992, Securities and Exchange Board of India Act was passed. The objectives of SEBI are to protect the interest of investors in securities and to promote the development of and to regulate the securities market. As far as Mutual Fund is concerned, SEBI formulates policies and regulates the Mutual Fund to protect the interest of the investors. SEBI notified regulations for the Mutual Funds in 1993. Thereafter, Mutual Funds sponsored by private sector entities Were allowed to enter in stock market .The regulation were fully revised in 1996 and have been amended thereafter from time to time. SEBI has also issued guidelines to the Mutual Funds from time to time to protect the interest of investors. All Mutual Funds whether promoted by public sector or private sector entities including those promoted by foreign entities are governed by the same set of regulations. There is no distinction in regulatory requirements for these Mutual Funds and all are subject to monitoring and inspections by SEBI. The risks associated with the schemes launched by the Mutual Funds sponsored by this entity are of similar type. It may be mentioned here that Unit Trust of India is not registered with SEBI as a Mutual Fund (as on Jan 15, 2002.)
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IPO AND DEMAT Initial Public Offering

Intital public offer(IPO)is when unlisted company maks either a fresh issue of securities or an offer for sale of its existing securities or both for the first time to the public. This paves way for listing and trading of the issuers securities. Follow on Public Offering

A follow on public offering (FPO) is when an already listed company makes either a fresh issue of securities to the public or an offer for sale to the public, through an offer document. An offer for sale in such scenario is allowed only if it is made to satisfy listing or continuous listing obligations
Red Herring Prospectus is a prospectus, which does not have details of either

price or number of shares being offered, or the amount of issue. This means that in case price is not disclosed, the number of shares and the upper and lower price bands are disclosed. On the other hand, an issuer can state the issue size and the number of shares are determined later. An RHP for and FPO can be filed with the RoC without the price band and the issuer, in such a case will notify the floor price or a price band by way of an advertisement one day prior to the opening of the issue. In the case of book-built issues, it is a process of price discovery and the price cannot be determined until the bidding process is completed. Hence, such details are not shown in the Red Herring prospectus filed with ROC in terms of the provisions of the Companies Act. Only on completion of the bidding process, the details of the final price are included in the offer document. The offer document filed thereafter with ROC is called a prospectus. Who decides the price of an issue? Indian primary market ushered in an era of free pricing in 1992. Following this, the guidelines have provided that the issuer in consultation with Merchant Banker shall decide the price. There is no price formula stipulated by SEBI. SEBI does not play any role in price fixation. The company and merchant banker are however required
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to give full disclosures of the parameters which they had considered while deciding the issue price. There are two types of issues one where company and LM fix a price (called fixed price) and other, where the company and LM stipulate a floor price or a price band and leave it to market forces to determine the final price (price discovery through book building process).

Fixed Price offers

An issuer company is allowed to freely price the issue. The basis of issue price is disclosed in the offer document where the issuer discloses in detail about the qualitative and quantitative factors justifying the issue price. The Issuer company can mention a price band of 20% (cap in the price band should not be more than 20% of the floor price) in the Draft offer documents filed with SEBI and actual price can be determined at a later date before filing of the final offer document with SEBI / ROCs.
Book building process

Book Building means a process undertaken by which a demand for the securities proposed to be issued by a body corporate is elicited and built up and the price for the securities is assessed on the basis of the bids obtained for the quantum of securities offered for subscription by the issuer. This method provides an opportunity to the market to discover price for securities. Book building is a process of price discovery. Hence, the Red Herring prospectus does not contain a price. Instead, the red herring prospectus contains either the floor price of the securities offered through it or a price band along with the range within which the bids can move. The applicants bid for the shares quoting the price and the quantity that they would like to bid at. Only the retail investors have the option of bidding at cut-off. After the bidding process is complete, the cut-off price is arrived at on the lines of Dutch auction. The basis of Allotment (Refer Q. 15.j) is then finalized and letters allotment/refund is undertaken. The final prospectus with all the details including the final issue price and the issue size is filed with ROC, thus completing the issue process.
Price band The red herring prospectus may contain either the floor price for the securities or a price band within which the investors can bid. The spread between the floor and the capital of the price band shall not more than 20%.In other, it means that the cap should not be more than 120% of the floor price. The price band can have
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a revision and such a revision in the price band shall be widely disseminated by informing the stock exchanges, by issuing press release and also indicating the change on the relevant website and the terminals of the syndicate members. In case the price band is revised, the bidding period shall be extended for a further period of three days, subject to the total bidding period not exceeding thirteen days. It may be understood that the regulatory mechanism does not play a role in setting the price for issues. It is up to the company to decide on the price or the price band, in consultation with Merchant Bankers. The basis of issue price is disclosed in the offer document. The issuer is required to disclose in detail about the qualitative and quantitative factors justifying the issue price.

DEMAT ACCOUNT Dematerialization as the name suggests as an account in which share are kept in electronic form. If shares are kept in physical form one can not sell shares partly if he wants. But through Demat account this restriction is removed. Dematerialization and trading in the Demat mode is the safer and faster alternative to the physical existence of securities. Demat as a parallel solution offers freedom from delays, thefts, forgeries, settlement risks and paper work. This system works through depository participants (DPs) who offer Demat services and the securities are held in the electronic form for the investor directly by the Depository. As per the requirement, all the public issues of size in excess of Rs.10 crores, are to made compulsorily in the Demat more. Thus, if an investor chooses to apply for an issue that is being made in a compulsory Demat mode, he has to have a Demat account and has the responsibility to put the correct DP ID and Client ID details in the bid/application forms.

Procedure for getting a Demat Account

An investor can apply for a Demat account to a depository participant who charges little annual fees for that. Investor is required to fill a form and attach documents like PAN copy, Address proof and photo proof. Demat Account is to be renewed every year on the payment of annual charges. Depository participants are companies like Anand Rathi, Anagram, HDFC etc which are registered with NSDL and CDSL.

ENTITIES INVOLVED IN AN ISSUE

31

Merchant Banker to the issue or book running lead manager (BRLM) syndicate members, Registrars to the issue, Bankers to the issue, Auditors of the company, Underwriters to the issue, Solicitors, etc. are the intermediaries to an issue. The issuer discloses the addresses, telephone/fax numbers and email addresses of these intermediaries. In addition to this, the issuer also discloses the details of the compliance officer appointed by the company for the purpose of the issue.

ROLE OF A LEAD MANAGER (PRE AND POST ISSUE)

In the pre-issue process, the Lead Manager (LM) takes up the due diligence of companys operations/ management/ business plans/ legal etc. Other activities of the LM include drafting and design of Offer documents, Prospectus, statutory advertisements and memorandum containing salient features of the Prospectus. The LMs shall ensure compliance with stipulated requirements and completion of prescribed formalities with the Stock Exchanges, RoC and SEBI including finalization of Prospectus and RoC filing. Appointment of other intermediaries viz., Registrar(s), Printers, Advertising Agency and Bankers to the Offer is also included in the pre-issue processes.

The LM also draws up the various marketing strategies for the issue. The post issue activities including management of escrow accounts, coordinate noninstitutional allocation, intimation of allocation and dispatch of refunds to bidders etc are performed by the LM. The post Offer activities for the Offer will involve essential follow-up steps, which include the finalization of trading and dealing of instruments and dispatch of certificates and demat of delivery of shares, with the various agencies connected with the work such as the Registrar(s) to the Offer and Bankers to the Offer and the bank handling refund business. The merchant banker shall be responsible for ensuring that these agencies fulfill their functions and enable it to discharge this responsibility through suitable agreements with the Company.

ROLE OF A REGISTRAR
The Registrar finalizes the list of eligible allottees after deleting the invalid applications and ensures that the corporate action for crediting of shares to the Demat accounts of the applicants is done and the dispatch of refund orders to those applicable are sent. The Lead manager coordinates with the Registrar to ensure follow up so that that the flow of applications from collecting bank
32

branches, processing of the applications and other matters till the basis of allotment is finalized, dispatch security certificates and refund orders completed and securities listed.
ROLE OF BANKERS TO THE ISSUE

Bankers to the issue, as the name suggests, carries out all the activities of ensuring that the funds are collected and transferred to the Escrow accounts. The Lead Merchant Banker shall ensure that Bankers to the Issue are appointed in all the mandatory collection centers as specified in DIP Guidelines. The LM also ensures follow-up with bankers to the issue to get quick estimates of collection and advising the issuer about closure of the issue, based on the correct figures.
SYNDICATE MEMBER

The Book Runner(s) may appoint those intermediaries who are registered with the Board and who are permitted to carry on activity as an Underwriter as syndicate members. The syndicate members are mainly appointed to collect and entire the bid forms in a book built issue.

Indian Stock Market Overview

33

The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange of India Ltd (NSE) are the two primary exchanges in India. In addition, there are 22 Regional Stock Exchanges. However, the BSE and NSE have established themselves as the two leading exchanges and account for about 80 per cent of the equity volume traded in India. The NSE and BSE are equal in size in terms of daily traded volume. The average daily turnover at the exchanges has increased from Rs 851 crore in 1997-98 to Rs 1,284 crore in 1998-99 and further to Rs 2,273 crore in 1999-2000 (April - August 1999). NSE has around 1500 shares listed with a total market capitalization of around Rs 9,21,500 crore (Rs 9215-bln). The BSE has over 6000 stocks listed and has a market capitalization of around Rs 9,68,000 crore (Rs 9680-bln). Most key stocks are traded on both the exchanges and hence the investor could buy them on either exchange. Both exchanges have a different settlement cycle, which allows investors to shift their positions on the bourses. The primary index of BSE is BSE Sensex comprising 30 stocks. NSE has the S&P NSE 50 Index (Nifty) which consists of fifty stocks. The BSE Sensex is the older and more widely followed index. Both these indices are calculated on the basis of market capitalization and contain the heavily traded shares from key sectors.

34

The markets are closed on Saturdays and Sundays. Both the exchanges have switched over from the open outcry trading system to a fully automated computerized mode of trading known as BOLT (BSE On Line Trading) and NEAT (National Exchange Automated Trading) System. It facilitates more efficient processing, automatic order matching, faster execution of trades and transparency. The scripts traded on the BSE have been classified into 'A', 'B1', 'B2', 'C', 'F' and 'Z' groups. The 'A' group shares represent those, which are in the carry forward system (Badla). The 'F' group represents the debt market (fixed income securities) segment. The 'Z' group scripts are the blacklisted companies. The 'C' group covers the odd lot securities in 'A', 'B1' & 'B2' groups and Rights renunciations. The key regulator governing Stock Exchanges, Brokers, Depositories, Depository participants, Mutual Funds, FIIs and other participants in Indian secondary and primary market is the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) Ltd.

Rolling Settlement Cycle:

In a rolling settlement, each trading day is considered as a trading period and trades executed during the day are settled based on the net obligations for the day. At NSE and BSE, trades in rolling settlement are settled on a T+2 bases i.e. on the 2nd working day. For arriving at the settlement day all intervening holidays, which include bank holidays, NSE/BSE holidays, Saturdays and Sundays are excluded. Typically trades taking place on Monday are settled on Wednesday, Tuesday's trades settled on Thursday and so on. Concept Of Buying Limit Suppose you have sold some shares on NSE and are trying to figure out that if you can use the money to buy shares on NSE in a different settlement cycle or say on BSE. To simplify things for ICICI Direct customers, we have introduced the concept of Buying Limit (BL). Buying Limit simply tells the customer what is his limit for a given settlement for the desired exchange. Assume that you have enrolled for a ICICI Direct account, which requires 100% of the money required to fund the purchase, be available. Suppose you have Rs 1,00,000 in your Bank A/C and you set aside Rs 50,000 for which you would like to make some purchase. Your Buying Limit is Rs 50,000. Assume that you sell shares worth Rs 1, 00,000 on the NSE on Monday. The BL therefore for the NSE at that point of time goes upto Rs 1,50,000. This means you can buy shares upto Rs 1,50,000 on NSE or BSE. If you buy shares worth Rs 75,000 on Tuesday on NSE your BL will naturally reduce to Rs 75,000. Hence your BL is simply the amount set aside by you from your bank account and the amount realized from the sale of any shares you have made less any purchases you have made.

35

Your BL of Rs 50,000, which is the amount set aside by you from your Bank account for purchase is available for BSE and NSE. As you have made the sale of shares on NSE for Rs.100000, the BL for NSE & BSE rises to 1,50,000. The amount from sale of shares in NSE will also be available for purchase on BSE. ICICI Direct makes it very easy for its customers to know their BL on the click of a mouse. You just have to specify the Exchange and settlement cycle and on a click of your mouse, the BL will be known to you.

Shares and Trading:

What is a share? Having a share of a company means you own a part (SHARE) of the company

When a company wants to sell its Shares it comes out with an IPO Initial Public Offer

Investors can fill in Forms and apply for buying the shares Post IPO the shares are listed on a Stock Exchange a stock exchange is a place where the shares of a company are bought and sold

The everyday buying and selling, demand-supply determines the price and therefore the value of the share.

Working of a stock market A person desirous of Buying/Selling shares in the market has to first place his order with a broker The broker routes the order through his system to the stock exchange The order is in the queue in the exchange's systems It gets executed when the order logs on to the system within buy limit that has been specified

36

 The shares purchased are sent to the purchaser by the broker either in physical or demat format.

The stock Exchanges

India has: 24 Regional Stock Exchanges 2 Leading Exchanges : Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) & National Stock

Exchange of India Ltd (NSE) The Indices: BSE : BSE Sensex comprising 30 stocks NSE : S&P NSE 50 Index (Nifty) which consists of 50 stocks

Bombay Stock Exchange Mumbai's (earlier known as Bombay), Bombay

Stock Exchange is the largest, with over 6,000 stocks listed. The BSE accounts for over two thirds of the total trading volume in the country. Established in 1875, the exchange is also the oldest in Asia. Among the twenty-two Stock Exchanges recognised by the Government of India under the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956, it was the first one to be recognised and it is the only one that had the privilege of getting permanent recognition ab-initio. Approximately 70,000 deals are executed on a daily basis, giving it one of the highest per hour rates of trading in the world. There are around 3,500 companies in the country which are listed and have a serious trading volume. The market capitalization of the BSE is Rs.5 trillion. The BSE `Sensex' is a widely used market index for the BSE. The main aims and objectives of the BSE is to provide a market place for the purchase and sale of security evidencing the ownership of business property or of a public or business debt. It aims to promote, develop and maintain a well regulated market for dealing in securities and to safeguard the interest of members and the investing public having dealings on the Exchange. It helps industrial development of the country through efficient resource mobilization. To establish and promote honorable and just practices in securities transactions

BSE Sensex
The BSE Sensex is a value-weighted index composed of 30 companies with the base April 1979 = 100. It has grown by more than four times from January 1990 till
37

date. The set of companies in the index is essentially fixed. These companies account for around one-fifth of the market capitalization of the BSE. We can use information from April 1979 onwards in estimating the long-run rate of return on the BSE Sensex and that comes to 0.52% per week (continuously compounded) with a standard deviation of 3.67%. This translates to 27% per annum, which translates to roughly 18% per annum after compensating for inflation.

New Developments In November, 1996, as a move to reduce the counter party risk, the Exchange set up a trade guarantee scheme i.e. all trades carried out on the BOLT are guaranteed by the Clearing House of the Exchange. A depository has been set up as a joint venture by the Bank of India and the Exchange. However, it will be a subsidiary of the Bank of India. The Exchange introduced trading in fixed income securities under a separate group to give impetus to trading in debentures and other corporate debt instruments, to increase trading in government dated securities.

National Stock Exchange

The National Stock Exchange (NSE), located in Bombay, is India's first debt market. It was set up in 1993 to encourage stock exchange reform through system modernization and competition. It opened for trading in mid-1994. It was recently accorded recognition as a stock exchange by the Department of Company Affairs. The instruments traded are, treasury bills, government security and bonds issued by public sector companies.

Membership
1026 trading members on the Capital Market segment, of which around 86% account for corporates and the remaining individuals and firms. 113 trading members on the Wholesale Debt Market segment, all of which account for corporates. (Out of these 113 trading members, 106 are members of the Capital Market segment also and are included in the 1026 members indicated above).

Geographic Distribution
Over 2600 trading terminals Over 1500 VSATs across the country with a 24 hour Network monitoring system in over 160 cities as of December 31st, 1997.
38

Number of Companies
On the Capital Market segment, 600 securities are listed and 762 securities are permitted to trade as of December 31st, 1997. On the Wholesale Debt Market segment, 470 securities are listed and 369 securities are permitted to trade as of December 31st, 1997. Of the 470 securities listed, 267 are Government Securities, T-Bills and the balance account for other securities.

Capital Market Operations

NSE is working to increase the capacity of the trading system from the present 4,00,000 trades per day to more than 10,00,000 trades per day. The average daily numbers of trades have gone up from over 893 trades in November-94 to over 1,48,783 trades in November 97. On August 7, 97 the number of trades reached a record high of 2,36,411 which makes NSE one of the largest stock exchanges in the world. Average daily traded value has increased from Rs.7 crores in November-94 to more than Rs. 1480 crores in December-97 with a high of Rs.3,080.61 crores recorded on 26th June-97. Number of shares traded has increased from 76.10 lakhs in November-94 to 11,148.21 lakhs in December-97. Net traded value has increased from Rs.125 crores in November -94 to Rs. 32,549 crores in December-97. Delivered value (settlement wise) has increased from Rs.60 crores in November -94 to Rs.5,008 crores in December -97. Number of shares traded (depository segment) has increased from 200 shares in December -96 to 1,19,102 shares in December-97. Net traded value (depository segment) has increased from Rs.0.43 lakhs in December -96 to Rs.185.44 lakhs in December-97. Market share of cities other than five metros (Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai & Ahmadabad) which was about 16% in first quarter of 1996 grew to as high as 24% during the last quarter of 1997. The ratio of contribution to turnover from Non Stock Exchange centers to Stock Exchange centers has risen from 0.36% in first quarter (Jan to Mar) of 1996 to over 10% in fourth quarter of 1997.
39

The market capitalization of companies has increased from Rs. 292637 crores in November'94 to Rs. 4571663 crores in February'98.

Clearing & Settlement

Completed 170 settlements successfully without any delay or postponement as on February 28, 1998. Value of shares handled by the Clearing house per week has increased from Rs. 30 crores in November-94 to over Rs.1042 crores per week in December-97. The highest value of shares handled during the period was more than Rs. 2251.40 crores.

Inter-Region Clearing : NSCCL has Regional Clearing Centers at Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai and a Central Clearing Centre at Mumbai. Members have the option of delivering/receiving the securities at a clearing centre chosen by them.

Wholesale Debt Market Operations

The WDM segment commenced operations on June 30, 1994 with 224 securities carrying an outstanding debt value of Rs. 1,35,000 crores (US$ 34 billion). This has now increased to 839 securities with a market capitalization of Rs. 3,50,565 crores (US$ 88 billion). More than half of the securities available for trading are listed and the balance are permitted to trade. Currently, the Exchange has 78 registered participants on the WDM segment which includes 24 Public sector banks, 18 Foreign banks, 15 Private sector banks, 6 Primary dealers, 5 Financial institutions, the others being corporate bodies, mutual funds and foreign debt fund. Average daily value in the WDM segment increased from Rs. 2.4 crores in June-94 to Rs. 298.17 crores in December -97 with a high of Rs. 1831.27 crores recorded on 12-Aug-97. Net traded value in the WDM segment increased from Rs. 1096.25 crores in July -94 to Rs. 7,752.52 crores in December-97 with a high of Rs. 15,545.40 crores recorded in July '97.
40

There has been a consistent increase in NSEs share of the total volume of activity in the market (gilt securities) over the period. Government securities along with Treasury bills together account for over 80% of the total market activity.

The share of the Exchange of the total market activity in Government Securities and T-Bills has increased from a mere 22% in 1996 to 53% in 1997.

Stock Exchange Working..

Buyer of Share

Seller of Share

Broker

Broke r

ONLINE TRADING A/C

Stock Exchange
41

Problems In Traditional Way Of Trading

Problem 1: Broker is not available in place. Problem 2: Broker takes a wrong order by mistake. Problem 3: Broker takes a right order. But before he puts the order to the exchange, the price of share changes. Your order is placed at the wrong price. Problem 4: The broker may not inform the investor of the trade. Problem 5: Broker is supposed to send contract notes; many brokers do not send such notes. Problem 6: Investor cant track pay-in and payout dates and write cheques / transfer instructions for transfer of monies and shares. Problem 7: Investor will therefore transfer monies/shares to his brokers pool account.

42

 Problem 8: On the payout date, broker needs to give monies/shares to the investor. Normally, investors will chase brokers for receiving monies and shares.

43

Competitors
44

There are many competitors prevailing in the market but the most powerful Ones Being : India bulls Share Khan Angel Broking Religare Almondz SBI Capital Securities Reliance Money India Infoline ICICI Direct.Com UTI Bonanza These companies are differentiated on the following bases like : Opening charges, Margin money Brokerage, AMC, etc.

45

Comparison Chart Company Name India Info line Opening Margin Charges Money 555(Life Time) 5000 350(if margin money given then no opening charges) 10000 900 750 625 450 500 NA NA NA 5000 10000 Brokerage Intraday 0.05 Brokerage Delivery 0.20

AMC 0

Geojit bnp paribas India bulls Share Khan Angel Broking SBI capital Security Bonanza

0.03 0.03 0.05 0.025 0.05 0.03

0.30 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.35 0.30

350 NA 250 200 NA NA

46

What is Demat Account?

An investor can hold securities either in the form of physical paper certificates or in electronic form. A Demat account enables an investor to hold securities in electronic form. The conversion of securities of electronic format is held on the investors behalf by an entity called a Depository. This depository interfaces with investors thought its agents called depository participants (DP). Investors are required to open an account, called the Demat account. It is just like opening a bank account where actual money is replaced by share. As you open an account with a bank to save your money & make cheque payments etc, you need to open a demat account if you want to buy or sell stocks. You have to approach the DPs to open your demat account. Demat aacount allows you to buy, sell and transact shares without the endless paperwork and delays. It is also safe, secure and convenient. Investors have to open a Demat account with a depository through a depository participant (DP). A depository is similar to a bank which holds securities in an account. Currently, there are two depositories : (1) NSDL : National Securities Depository Ltd (2) CDSL : Central Depository Services Ltd Whish are registered with the securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). These depositories operate through a number of DPs, who are agents of these depositories. Thought SEBI has allowed for transactions of less than 500 shares in physical format, not many people accept physical shares these days, as to is difficult to sell them. Keeping Demat securities is also far more advantageous. It does away the need for paperwork, making transactions faster and more efficient. It saves investors from destruction or loss of securities in transit, name transfer, stamp duties etc.

What is Initial Public Offering - IPO

The first sale of stock by a private company to the public is called IPOs. They are often by smaller companies seeking capital to expand, but can also be done by large private companies planning to invite public to invest in there companies.

47

In an IPO, the issuer obtains the assistance of an underwriting firm, which helps it determine what type of security to issue (common or preferred), best offering price and time to bring it to market

BROKERAGE RATES
Delivery-based Volumes * Volume *(Rs.) < 10 lacs > 10 lac < 50 lac > 50 lac < 1 cr > 1 cr < 2 cr > 2 cr Intra-day Volumes * Volume *(Rs.) < 2 cr > 2 cr < 6 cr > 6 cr < 12 cr > 12 cr < 15 cr > 15 cr F&O Volumes * New Brokerage Rate 0.30% (current) 0.25% 0.20% 0.15% 0.10% New Brokerage Rate 0.030% (current) 0.025% 0.020% 0.015% 0.010% Futures (including Mini Nifty) 0.030 % 0.025 % 0.020 % 0.015 % 0.010 %

Volume (Calendar Month) Options (Cr.) less than 5 5 to 10 10 to 20 20 to 30 > 30 Rs. 75 /Rs. 65 /Rs. 50 /Rs. 40 /Rs. 30 /-

48

Network & Manpower Strength

49

Presence across India

Amristar Ambala Chandigarh Sriganganagar Delhi Dehradun Haridwar Roorkee Lucknow Bareilly Saharanpur Kurukshetra Moradabad Kanpur Aligarh Patna Bhopal Ujjain Indore Jamshedpur Bhilai Mumbai Thane Nasik Bhubaneshwar Kolhapur Belgaum Hubli Bangalore Vijaywada Cochin Manjeri Madurai Trichi Coimbatore Trivandrum Bhimavaram Hyderabad Secunderabad Nizamabad Guntur Vizianagram Nizamabad Kakinada Rajmundhry Vizag Pondicherry Chennai Gwalior Ranchi Asansol Durgapur Kolkata

Meerut Jaipur Jodhpur Udaipur Bhuj Gandhinagar Surat Baroda Rajkot Vapi

Guwahati

Dewas

Goa

50

Where do you invest your Money today?

INVEST in
Saving banks Insurance Fixed Deposits Postal Savings Real Estate Stock Markets

51

Introduction to Title Equity Market:

A stock market is a market for the trading of company stock, and derivatives of same; both of these are securities listed on a stock exchange as well as those only traded privately. The share of equity issues in total new equity and debt issues is a strong predictor of U.S. stock market returns between 1928 and 1997. In particular, firms issue relatively more equity than debt just before period of law market returns. The equity share in new issues has stable predictive power in both halves of the sample period and after controlling for other known predictors results. Instead, the fact that the equity share some times predicts significantly negative market returns suggests inefficiency and that firms time the market component of there returns when issuing securities. General terms referring to the organized trading of securities through the various physical and electronic exchange and the over the counter market. The securities involved include common stock, preferred stock, bonds, convertibles, options rights, and warrants. The term may also encompass commodities when used in its most general sense, but more often then not the stock market and the commodities (or futures) market and distinguished. The query How did the market do today? is usually answered by a reference to the dow jones industrial average, comprised of stock listed on the New York stock exchange.

Research Methodology Definitions of sample

A small part of something intended as representative of the whole sample distribution.

Sample Size: 100 individual Sampling Techniques: Random Sampling

Random sampling techniques is sampling in which all items have some chance of selection that can be calculated. A sample is a subject chosen from a population for investigation. A random sample is one chosen by a method involving an unpredictable component. Random sampling can also refer to taking a number of independent observations from the same probability distribution, without involving any real population. A probability sample is one in which each item has a known probability of being in the sample.
52

Types of Random Sample

Simple random sample. Stratified sampling. Cluster sampling Systematic sampling

Data Collection Sampling 1. Primary Data: Primary data collected from directly to the
Respondents the researcher is directly involved in the collection of information. With the collected by questionnaire, survey interview, measurement, direct observation.

2. Secondary Data: That are already exists. Secondary data can help
Identify, clarify and redefine the research problem. It might also hold a solution to the problem; secondary data may provide alternative methods that can be used for primary research. Sources of secondary data include web site, trade association, journals, books etc .with the help of internet and employee handout book.

53

Derivatives What is derivative? Derivatives are the financial contract, which derives its value from the prices or index of prices of underlying securities. Underlying assets are equity, forex, and commodity. Types of Derivatives

Forward Future Option

54

Swap

Future
Trade on organized exchange Standardized contract More liquid Margin payment Follows daily settlement

Forward
OTC in nature Customized contract Less liquid No margin payment Settlement happens at end of period

Future Contract

Contract value Spot price Strike price Expiry date Initial margin Duration of contact

- 200000 Rs. - Price at which asset trades - Price at which future contract trade - Last Thursday of month - Deposited at the time of entering - One,Two and Three month
55

Future types

Stock Future Index Future

Option contract
Call option- A call option gives the right to holder but not the Obligation to buy an asset by an certain date for a certain price

Put option- A put option gives the right to holder but not the obligation to sell an asset by a certain date for a certain period

Option Terminology
Option Price Expiration Date Contract Duration Premium Last Thursday of month one,two and three month
56

Minimum Contract Option Type Option Money -

50 nifties Stock option Index option

in-the money (Spot price>strike price) at-the-money (Spot price=strike price) out-of-money (Spot price<strike price)

1.Do you invest ?

N o 15% yes N o yes 85%

57

2.Where do you like to invest your money?

where do you like to invest your money? Real Estate 15% Gold 3% Equity 51% Debt Market 7% Bank FD 10% Post Office 14%

58

3.Whom do you prefer to ask before making your invest?

N .o c s m r o f u to e 5 0 4 5 4 0 3 5 3 0 2 5 2 0 1 5 1 0 5 0 4% 4 3% 4 2% 2 advisors/Consultants Personal Analysis Friends/Relative F n s e tiv rie d /R la e

Financial

F ac l in n ia a v o /C n u d is rs o s lta n ts P rs n l A a s e o a n ly is

59

4.Rank the following investment according to your preference.

1 tR N s AK 5 0 4 5 4 0 3 5 3 0 2 5 2 0 1 5 1 0 5 0
B a n k

4 5

N .o C s mr o f u to e

1 4

1 9 1 3 1
C Eq o u m it m y o d M it u ie tu s a l F u N n d o re m a rk

F R e

a l

E s

60

ta te

5.Which is the safest investment option?

61

Which is the safest investment option?

Real Estate 29%

Debt Market 1%

Bank FD 29%

Gold 12%

Equity 11%

Post Office 18%

6.In which of the following return is maximum?

62

Inw ic o th fo w g th re rn is h h f e llo in e tu m xim m a u ? 5 % 2% 6 7% Bn F ak D P st O o ffice Eu q ity G ld o R a E te e l sta D bt M rk t e a e N R m rk o e a

2 %

2% 9

2 4%

7 %

63

7.Why Do you invest in equity?

W you investing in equity? hy

No rem ark 35%

High return 19% H return igh Divident Fast return other N rem o ark

Divident 14% other 8% Fast return 24%

64

8.For how much duration you invest?

For how much duration you invest? 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
12

44%

27% 19% 7% 3%
ar k re m no

N of customer o.

0y r.

yr

yr

25

51

65

10 -

15 y

r.

9.What are factors that motivate you for investment?

What are factors that motivate you for investment?
Professional investment, 7% Professional investment Capital Appreciation, 11% Capital Appreciation High return Dividend High return, 34% Safety & security No remark

No remark, 2% Safety & security, 33%

Dividend, 13%

66

10.How much % you invest on equity of your income

How much % you invest on equity of your income?

40 30 20 10 0 0-10% 10-20% 20-30% 30% & no above remark

Number of customers

67

11.How much return (annually) do you expect from your investment?

How much return (annually) do you expect from your investment ?

Maximum 20% 0-20% 24%

Avrage 30%

20-40% 19% 40% & above 7%

0-20% 20-40% 40% & above Avrage Maximum

68

12. Why are you investing in Derivatives?

13.Which is more profitable Investment in Derivative and equity?

69

14.Derivatives you like most as ?

70

15

25 For Hedging For Trading Both

60

15.Through which security are you trading in Derivative?

71

40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

Geojit Reliance Indiabulls Zuari bnp Money paribas

16.How you apply for IPOs ?

72

23%

On-Line Off-Line

77%

73

17.How much return (annually) do you expect from your investment?

20% 35% 0-20% 20-40% 40% &above Avg. Maximum

30% 5% 10%

74

18.Through which Broker are you applying for IPO?

20 30 35 15 Geojit bnp paribas SMC Global Karvi Zuari

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Swot Analysis (IPOs) Strength

Lucrative investment option Safe investment High rate of return

Weakness
Grading system not applied High competition

Opportunities
Vast scope Increase the relationships

Threats
Expenses increasing

Swot Analysis (Derivatives)

Strength Easy Prediction of market More used in hedging High earning Weakness High risky Less knowledge in customer Less knowledge provide center

Opportunities Aware customer about derivative Emerging Product

Threats Volatile market

76

Findings

Derivative
Easy prediction Moderate risk Investment ratio increasing spurtly Investor wants awareness about derivative High return

IPOs
Lucrative investment option High Return Less Risky Investors are crazy toward IPOs

77

Recommendations
No. of SUB-Brokers should be increased Build a separate IPO department Increase the demand of IPO form to head office Build a separate department for trading Make awareness programme for Derivative Make brokerage plans according to consumer

78

Limitations
Less no. Of IPO form was available

On-Line IPO facility not provided to sub-broker

No. Of Bolt was less

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Bibliography

www.geojitbnpparibas.com www.demataccount.com www.icicidirect.com www.moneycontrol.com www.nseindia.com www.bseindia.com C.R.Kothari, Research methodology, New Delhi, Wishwa praksashan,2004

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References

1.Mr. Dharmendra Gupta (Company guide) 2.Gr.Cap. Manoj Kumar (Placement Officer) 3.Customer hand out book.

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Always Try to Do Good

Credit has done a thousand times more to enrich mankind than all the gold mines in the world. It has exalted labour, stimulated manufacture, and pushed commerce over every sea" Daniel Webster

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