Sassan Caspiani Lab 3 8323896061 Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to study the reaction between Sn2+ ion

and MeO through the method of initial rates. Equipment: The equipment that is needed for this experiment is a Redtide spectrometer, 4 cuvets, 4 50 mL beakers, 4 10 mL volumetric pipets with pumps, 4 test tubes, a large beaker, and a stirring rod. Chemicals: The Chemicals that are needed for this experiment is 10-4 M MeO solution, 5M HCl, .0050 M SnCl2 in 1.0 M NaCl, and distilled water. Procedure: The first step of this experiment is to determine the maximum absorption wavelength of methyl orange. First obtain 50 mL of each of the chemicals labeled above. Obtain the 4 10 mL volumetric pipets and assign one to each solution. Pipet 2 ml of MeO, 2 mL of HCL, and 6 ml of deionized water into a test tube and mix the solution. Calibrate the spectrometer with distilled water, then place the solution previously made, into a cuvet and obtain the max wavelength for absorbance. For part A, pipet mL of 2 Sn solution, 2 mL of HCL and 0 mL of deionized water into a test tube. Change the computers data analysis to record the absorbance at the max wavelength at every second. Then add 6 ml of MeO to the previously made solution and pour into a cuvet and begin recording for 2 minutes. Repeat the previous steps but change the solutions of Sn 2+ and H+: Run MeO mL Sn2+ mL HCl mL H2O 1 6 2 2 0 2 5 2 2 1 3 4 2 2 2 4 3 2 2 3 5 2 2 2 4 6 2 6 2 0 7 2 5 2 1 8 2 4 2 2 9 2 3 2 3 10 2 2 2 4 11 2 2 6 0 12 2 2 5 1 13 2 2 4 2 14 2 2 3 3 15 2 2 2 4 For Part B, the same procedures will be run as part A but with varying temperatures. The run that will be used is Run 5 from the above table. Two test tubes will be used, one filed with MeO and

HCl and the other test tube with Sn2+. These two will be placed in cold water and hot water baths and then introduced into a cuvet so the spectrometry can be taken. 16 Room Temperature + 10 degrees C 17 Room Temperature + 20 degrees C 18 Room Temperature - 10 degrees C 19 Room Temperature - 20 degrees C Results: In this experiment beers law is used to convert between the absorptivity and concentration. Since the max wavelength that was found is 507, we shall use beers law to find the concentration of MeO at any given time. (A=elC). Through calculations the molar absorptivity is found by using the length of the cuvet, the concentration of MeO and the absorption max. e is found to be 2.54 x 104 m-1 cm-1. This means to found the concentration C, the molar absorbitivity has to divide the wavelength. This is useful in finding the initial rate.

Now since we have the molar absorptivity, we can now find the concentration at time t. For run #1, find the initial concentration. To do this multiply the MeO concentration by the number of MeO liter/the number of total liters in the mixed solution. This is found to be 6*10-5, and then the concentration at t=10 seconds can be found with beers law and the use of the absorptivity at 10 seconds. A = 686. Using beers law the concentration is found to be 2.70*10-5. From this the initial rate equation(equation 5) can be used to find the initial rate. This is found to be -3.30*10-6 M/s. Now we can do this for the rest of the results Run Initial conc. T (s) 0.00006 10 1 0.00005 2 0.00004 3 0.00003 4 0.00002 5 0.003 6 0.0025 7 0.002 8 0.0015 9 0.001 10 11 3 2.5 12 2 13 1.5 14 1 15

A at T .686 .589 .484 .360 .246 .255 .258 .239 .259 .246 .116 .183 .274 .361 .246

Conc at T (M) Initial Rate

2.70E-05 2.32E-05 1.91E-05 1.42E-05 9.69E-06 1.00E-06 1.02E-06 9.41E-07 1.02E-06 2.70E-05 4.57E-07 7.20E-07 1.08E-06 1.42E-06 2.70E-05 -3.29922E-06 -2.6811E-06 -2.09449E-06 -1.58268E-06 -1.0315E-06 -0.0002999 -0.000249898 -0.000199906 -0.000149898 -9.72992E-05 -0.299999954 -0.249999928 -0.199999892 -0.149999858 -0.099997299

Graphing the natural log of concentration over log of initial rate gives your order of each reactant. The order of MeO is 1.051, the order of Sn2+ is 1.022, and the order of H+ is 1. After the

equation (2) the rate law, was used to find out K. All the data points were used and the average was found.

Concentration Initial at t Conc Initial Rate k 2.70E-05 0.00006 -3.29922E-06 2.32E-05 0.00005 -2.6811E-06 1.91E-05 0.00004 -2.09449E-06 1.42E-05 0.00003 -1.58268E-06 9.69E-06 0.00002 -1.0315E-06 1.00E-06 0.003 -0.0002999 1.02E-06 0.0025 -0.000249898 9.41E-07 0.002 -0.000199906 1.02E-06 0.0015 -0.000149898 2.70E-05 0.001 -9.72992E-05 4.57E-07 3 -0.299999954 7.20E-07 2.5 -0.249999928 1.08E-06 2 -0.199999892 1.42E-06 1.5 -0.149999858 2.70E-05 1 -0.099997299

-105.093 -103.441 -102.167 -104.457 -104.252 -156.502 -61.920 -78.666 -107.090 -161.105 -36.689 -44.439 -56.184 -76.019 -116.409 -94.3

Part B was no

Part B was not completed Discussion: Overall for the lab, I did was not able to finish the lab. I made a mistake on how I was supposed to plan the lab and as a result it did not work. Overall the lab data makes sense but are not similar to the data in part 1. There was not nice whole numbers as integers for the bond orders. They were deviated away from first order except for H + which was exactly 1.