THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF HYBRID CAR

Recent years, technology has changed the world we live in the invention and development of hybrid car. All the automobile companies have started doing research and some of them had produced their own hybrid car with some specialties that make them different from other competitors in the industry. As example are Toyota that proud with Prius and Camry, Honda produced Civic Hybrid and also Escape Hybrid by Ford. If we look into its history, certain inventors have been work on it. The first person who moves toward hybrid car is Ferdinand Verbiest in 1665. He created a simple four wheeled vehicle that could run on steam or be pulled by a horse. Then, in 1769, Nicholas Cugnot came up with a working steam-powered carriage. While, the first electric powered car have been produce at Scotland in 1839 by Robert Anderson of Aberdeen. This just a short list of the inventors and the effort on this technology are continuous and never end until now. Generally, hybrid means something that is powered by more than one source of power. Therefore, hybrid car can be define as a vehicle that uses an on-board rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) and a fuel based power source for vehicle propulsion. Definitely, there are many pros and cons on manufacture of hybrid car. Some of the advantages are to promote a better environment for people and nature, improve fuel saving and produce more powerful vehicle. While, the disadvantages of hybrid car are the price is expensive, the maintenances are still rare and prone to car accident occur. As the number of automobiles is increasing, our world is threatened by toxic pollutants and global warming, due to their exhaust contents. Hybrid car also called as green car for their environmental benefits. This car will promote better environment for society and nature. Contrary to conventional car that usually emits carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxides the result of fuel burned. However, hybrid car produces less pollutant or greenhouse gas emission because of their dependence on fossil fuels is reduced. Usually there are many harmful content in gas emission which will affect the society health like benzene that are carcinogenic, carbon monoxide that reduce the amount of oxygen in air that leads to asthma and also particulate matter that may lead to chronic bronchitis. Besides, there are hybrid car that use hybrid fuel. Since the term hybrid was applied, hybrid fuel means that there are combination of diesel with ethanol and biodiesel. Both ethanol and biodiesel are renewable energy and environmentally friendly. Hybrid

car will improve fuel savings. Nowadays, there are worries on amount of fossil fuels that decrease day by day and the source will be end in future. This will lead to increasing price of the fuel and people have faced this situation now. By using hybrid car, consumer will not be suffering about the price anymore. With this technology, the usage of petrol can be cut to half. This can be achieved because the two engines work jointly to cut fuel usage. Hybrid cars have two engines for it to efficiently save petrol usage. By having rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) and gas motor, the hybrid car will be more powerful vehicle. The gas motor will charge the batteries while its running. When the batteries get low, the gas motor will started automatically and charged the battery without being plugged into an outlet. If consumers want to own the hybrid car, there are some aspects that need to be considered by them. Firstly, the price of hybrid car commonly is expensive because the amount of this car still less in the market compare to conventional car. The high price is also caused by the complicated combination of battery pack and motor engine to propel the car. Furthermore, the battery pack also needs a high cost. The prices of battery are high and the batteries have to be replaced after 80000 miles run depend on the car. So, this car will cost more when the owner travels more. Besides, the maintenances for hybrid car are still rare. It will take longer time to fix the car when the car breaks down and the owner have to spend more since the part of the car is limited. If the maintenances issue has been solved, another problem that will arise is to find the skilled-mechanic on hybrid car. Therefore, a lot of problems have to be encountered if the hybrid car breaks down. Another disadvantages of hybrid car is this car is prone to accident occur. This car is been made by light body weight material and small in size in order to be able for high speed. If an accident happen, this car are easily spinning compared to conventional car. There are also some risks of this car since some of the problem still unforeseen due to the existence of this car is quite new and the performance not really be tested. After weighing the pros and cons using hybrid car, this car have a lot of advantages and some of them are not listed here. Of course, hybrid car have disadvantages but, all the drawbacks can be improved in future since the researches are work hard on it and its still worth to buy this car. The advantages include environmentally friendly, fuel save and powerful car. The disadvantages that have been listed are the high price of this car, the maintenances that rare and

prone to car accident. Perhaps hybrid car is still not the best choices now but, will be beneficial in future as it was the car for future. ( 939 words)

References Hybrid car (June 13, 2011). History of hybrid car. Retrieved on October 24, 2011, from http://www.hybridcars.com/history/history-of-hybrid-vehicles.html. Hybrid car. Retrieved on October 24, 2011, from http://www.tech-faq.com/hybrid-cars.html Melissa ( February 6, 2011). Advantages of hybrid car. Retrieved on October 26, 2011, from http://blog.carlist.my/2011/02/helpful-tips/advantages-of-hybrid-car/ Disadvantages of hybrid cars. Retrieved on October 24, 2011, from http://www.hybridcarsmoney.com/Hybrid_Cars_Disadvantages.html

PART B Energy can be defined as the capacity of physical system to perform work. Energy has a vast purpose in our life such as to heat ourselves, manufacture goods, propel vehicles and others. There are two forms of energy which is renewable energy and non renewable energy. Renewable energy is natural energy which does not have limited supply, can be used again and again and never run out. Non renewable energy is the energy from a source that will be depleted regardless how it is managed when it is use. There are five types of renewable energy which are solar energy, biomass energy, wind energy, geothermal energy and hydropower energy. Solar energy is radiant light and heat from sun. Solar energy have been utilize in three ways which are solar cell, solar water heating and solar furnace. Biomass produces energy by the burning of organic materials like wood, sugarcane and other solid wastes. For wind energy, a tower will stands high above the sea level with a large propeller at the top, the energy of wind was produced and then will generate electricity. Geothermal energy is produce when the water is replenished by rainfall and the heat is continuously produced deep within earth. Hydropower energy is water energy that use hydroelectric power station to produce electricity. Fossil fuel oil, coal, natural gas and nuclear are being grouped in non renewable energy. The most dominant non renewable energy is fossil fuel. Fossil fuel includes fossil fuel oil, coal and natural gas. Fossil fuel has been formed over million years ago when there are incompletely decomposed animal and plant under the earth crust. Coal is formed when carbonaceous matter was first compressed into a spongy material called peat. When peats are buried deeply, the increased pressure and temperature turned it into coal. Natural gas is the mixture of hydrocarbon gases that form naturally beneath the earth surface. Methane is the higher content in natural gas. Fossil fuel oil is the most useful substances and can be refined into numerous different compounds and be main component to produce many products. Nuclear is functioning when there is fission of uranium atom in the reactor providing heat to produce steam for generating electricity.

Thus, renewable energy is the best choice of energy since the resources is come from natural resources and environment friendly. In the same time, we must use the non renewable energy wisely.

( 399 words)

References Types of renewable and non renewable energy. Retrieved on October 25, 2011, from http://www.energyrant.com/non-renewable-energy/ Basic information on renewable energy type. Retrieved on October 26, 2011, from http://www.new-energy-portal.com/information.html Non renewable energy sources. Retrieved on October 25, 2011, from

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