The Company

Larsen & Toubro Limited is a leading engineering, construction and technology company with global operations, and turnover exceeding USD 4 billion. Its interests also cover end-to-end solutions in Information Technology. The Company's operations are characterized by its customerfocussed approach, an obsession with quality, and strong international linkages. L&T has a global spread of offices and works closely with leading international consultants, process licensors, technology partners and quality certification agencies. The Company has exported critical heavy engineering equipment to over 45 countries including U.S.A., U.K., France, China and Australia. Engineering and construction projects have been executed in the Middle East, Africa, the sub-continent and South East Asia. In the domestic market, L&T has established dominant leadership in most of its major businesses. With design and manufacturing bases in major cities, a countrywide network of offices supplemented by a tier of dealers, the Company enjoys an image and equity in virtually every district of India.

The evolution of Larsen & Toubro Limited is one of the most remarkable success stories in industry. The Company owes its name, origin and history of achievements to two Danish engineers, Henning Holck-Larsen and Soren Toubro. They came to India and in 1938 set up a small partnership firm in south Mumbai. Adopting international standards in its operations and value systems, the Company grew rapidly to become a leading engineering and construction organization. Today, L&T has offices around the world, including Copenhagen, Denmark, the city from where Holck-Larsen and Soren Toubro set off on their journey to the east.

HEAVY ENGINEERING L&T's Heavy Engineering Division (HED) has established a reputation for quality products in the global market with its strong engineering capabilities and state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities. The Division manufactures and supplies precision, custom-engineered critical static process plant equipment & systems such as reactors, gasifiers, pressure vessels, columns, high-pressure exchangers to core sector industries like Fertilizer, Refinery, Petrochemical, Chemical, Oil & Gas, Power, Aerospace, and allied Strategic sectors. The Divisions manufacturing facilities are located at Mumbai in Maharashtra, and near Surat & Baroda in Gujarat. The Division has achieved a 'preferred supplier' relationship with major EPC contractors and has been recognised as the 'Most Valuable Supplier' by Fluor Corporation of USA, a major EPC contractor. Key customers have recognised the quality and on-time delivery performance of the Division by awarding prestigious orders for Reactors on 'Nomination' basis. Key success factors for significant growth in export performance include close interaction with customers, reliable performance, improved planning for timely execution of orders and positioning the Company as a reliable, long-term partner.

State-of-the-art Manufacturing
HEAVY ENGINEERING DIVISION
Defence, Nuclear Power & Aerospace

Process Plant Equipment

Fertilizer, Petrochemical, & Heat Transfer Business Unit (FPEX)
Fertilizer Petrochemical Heat Transfer Equipment

Refinery, Cracker Plant and Oil & Gas Equipment Business Unit (RCOG)
Refinery Cracker Plants Oil & Gas

Coal Gasifiers & Thermal Power Plant Equipment Business Unit (CGPP)
Coal Gasifiers Power Plants Cement Plant Machinery

International Business Coordination Unit (IBCU)

Territory Development New Customers Joint Ventures

Industrywise focus in business units

INDIA

Ranoli Works Hazira Works Powai Works

Powai Works
L&T's Powai Works, in the suburbs of Mumbai, is spread over a total area of 385,000 sq.m with 37,500 sq.m dedicated to the fabrication shops. It has a 2500-strong highly skilled workforce. The shops can handle equipment of dimensions 6m dia x 55m long weighing over 400 MT. The average annual capacity exceeds 8000 MT.
L&T's Powai Works in Mumbai

Hazira Works
Hazira Works, situated on a 900,000 sq.m. comprises fabrication shops measuring 50, 000 sq.m. with 90,000 sq.m. of Large Equipment Manufacturing Facility (LEMF), assembly and load-out area of 100,000 sq. m. Large size over dimensional equipment can be directly loaded onto ocean-going barges/vessels, as Hazira Works has access to the Arabian Sea.The average annual capacity is more than 20,000 MT.

Ranoli Work located near Vadodara (400km north of Mumbai), fabricates process plant equipment in various grades of stainless steel, aluminium and exotic material. The average annual capacity exceeds 200 MT.

L&T's Hazira Works near Surat (300 km north of Mumbai), is a coastal facility with a load out quay and RO-RO jetty.

Design & Engineering : Technological Excellence

L&T's engineering capabilities are geared to design equipment as per specific customer requirements, and international codes and standards. The perpetual endeavour of the design engineers is to generate optimum solutions leading to lowest capital and operating costs.

Technology Solutions from a Single Source

Mechanical
Design to International Codes and Standards ASME DIV 1,2 PD5500 - British AS1210 - Australian ADM German JIS Japan Stoomweezen - Holland TEMA for heat exchangers Wind & Seismic Analysis

Thermal
Members of HTFS & HTRI Design of equipment All types of shell & Tube Exchangers Helixchanger/Helitower Waste Heat Boiler systems Spiral Heat Exchangers Air Cooled Exchangers Feed Water Heater Surface Condensers Unsteady Heat Transfer Analysis

Analysis
Finite Element Analysis Static Dynamic Thermal Fatigue & Fracture Modelling 2D / 3D Piping Flexibility Lifting & Transportation Computational Fluid dynamics FIV analysis

Special
Experiment Stress Analysis Corrosion analysis Destructive testing Failure analysis

Stress Analysis of thin knuckled tube sheet for Reformed Gas Boiler

Stress Analysis of Bottom Dished End, Nozzle & Skirt for Gassifier Reactor

Flexibility Analysis Model for Waste Heat Recovery Package

Transient Thermal Analysis For Catalytic Converter

3D Model of Steam Drum internals

Quality Assurance : Uncompromising Standards

The Total Quality Management approach ensures that deliveries are made as per customer specifications. The Quality procedures guarantee that safety and reliability of operations is built into the equipment and systems delivered.

The workshops are ASME certified and authorised to use U, U2 and S stamps. The quality systems - right from personnel training, vendor development to final equipment commissioning, are covered under ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certification. The workshops have MLO registration for exports to China, and are authorized for CE marking for exports to European countries. The quality systems are backed by the latest facilities for radiography, including 12 MeV linear accelerator, ultrasonic, magnetic particle & liquid penetrant examination, high pressure and high vacuum testing, helium and freon gas detection, fracture and impact testing.

Quality Assurance and Inspection Facilities include : X-Ray Radiography - Capacity : 420 kV Max. Thk. : 75 mm Linear Accelerator - Capacity : 12 Mev Max. Thk. : 500 mm Gamma Ray Radiography - IR-192 & Co-60 Camera unit Ultrasonic Flaw Detectors Helium Leak Detectors Magnetic Particle Testing Time of Flight Diffraction Technique (TOFD)

12 MeV LINAC Enclosure

Fabrication : World Class

L&T's world-class fabrication capabilities have been achieved through perfect integration of efficient material handling & preparation, precision machining and welding processes for a range of material in varying thicknesses, backed by technological excellence in design & engineering and responsive quality systems.

CNC Flame / Plasma Cutting Machine Plate Size : 21m x 5.3m Plate Thk : C.S. - 300mm : S.S. - 150mm

Material Handling & Preparation

The plate material on receipt and inspection is stamped with specific codes and is kept in assigned enclosures ensuring that there is no intermixing of materials or any inter-material storage contamination. The plates are cut on CNC flame/plasma cutting machines; edges are prepared on an edge planer and rolled on heavy duty bending rolls capable of rolling 125mm and 250mm thick plates in cold and hot conditions respectively. A ring frame type 1000-tonne hydraulic press with a movable ram and table is used for plate forming.

Plate Rolling Machine Plate Size : 4500mm wide Plate Thk : Hot - 250mm : Cold - 125mm

Multi-wall Vessels
To combine the corrosion resistance properties of certain materials with mechanical strength of others, multi-wall vessel fabrication technology is used. Heating facilities are extensively used to manufacture multi-wall vessels through shrink-fitting.

Shrink fitting operation for multi-wall construction of an ammonia convertor

Machining
The capabilities of CNC Floor-Mounted and Special Purpose machines are supported by a battery of general purpose machines all geared to the precision machining needs of a world class fabricator.

Three CNC Floor-Mounted Horizontal Boring Machines at L&T's Hazira workshop. Spindle Diameter : 200 mm Travel : 5m x 17m

CNC Vertical Boring Machine Max. Diameter : 12m Max. Job Weight : 130 MT CNC Vertical Multi-spindle Deep Hole drilling Machine Drilling Depth : 900mm Number of Spindles : 2

Heat Treatment
The workshops are equipped with automatic control gas fired bogie type furnaces for heat treatment & stress relieving/post weld heat treatment.

Furnaces in shops are suitable for equipment of dimensions 14m long x 9.5m wide x 9m high and can handle weights up to 350 tonnes. A modular furnace takes larger jobs of 48m long. For large vessels beyond the practical dimensions of furnaces, insitu PWHT is undertaken by internal gas heating and suitable insulation of the vessel. Through systematic configuration of gas burners and regulated air flow, uniform heat treatment is ensured.
Natural Gas Fired Bogie HearthFurnace

Natural Gas / Diesel Fired Modular Furnace for Over Dimensional Equipment Current Size : 48m x 9m x 10m

Comprehensive Welding Capabilities

Continuous improvement in Welding Technology has enabled the development of over 4000 welding procedures qualified as per international codes and standards ASME, BS, AWS, AD Merkblatter for a variety of materials in a range of thicknesses (2mm to 250mm) covering the complete spectrum of welding processes. Specialised fabrication facilities include 100,000 class dust-free enclosures with areas of 1000 sq. m. and 400 sq. m.

Welding Processes
Shielded metal arc welding Submerged arc welding Gas tungsten arc welding Gas metal arc welding Flux cored arc welding Submerged arc strip cladding Electro slag strip cladding

Materials Welded
Carbon steels Low alloy steels including Cr-Mo-V Quenched & tempered steel Austenitic stainless steels Duplex & Super duplex stainless steel Super Austenitic stainless steel Nickel based alloys (Inconel, Incoloy) Copper based alloys (Monel, Cupro-Nickel, Aluminium bronze) Titanium & Titanium alloys Aluminium & Aluminium alloys Maraging steel Clad steels with stainless steel, Inconel, Monel, Cupro-Nickel, Titanium etc.

Automatic tube-to-tube sheet welding

Narrow Gap Tandem SAW on Reactor Circular Seam

Laser Spot Temp. Sensor

Nozzle cut-out overlay under uniform preheat temperature

Electro slag strip cladding - ESSC 120 mm wide strip

Specialised Welding Techniques

Narrow gap welding Trijunction welding Mechanised nozzle welding Automatic tube-to-tube sheet welding Internal bore welding Overlay of small ID Pipes

Project Management & Logistics : Timely Deliveries

Critical Chain Project Management
Heavy Engineering Division has embarked on the implementation of Dr. Eli Goldratt's 'Theory of Constraints' for improving on-time delivery performance and for reduction in the cycle time of order execution. HED has a 'Critical Chain Project Management' software 'Concerto' which helps in multi-project scheduling of activities across all their locations.

Customer Relationship Module (CRM)

HED has implemented Customer Relationship Module for its overseas projects. This module enables clients to track the progress of jobs on a regular basis from their desk tops. This module is customer and contract specific. On logging onto www.lnthed.com, the client is able to access the following features: Home page: This is a welcome page giving details about the contract. Kick off meeting : All minutes of the meeting pertaining to this contract are enclosed. Current Status : It provides details of the latest status of this project. Drawings : All completed drawings are attached. Video Clipping: Photographs covering all stages of fabrication are attached. These are updated every week. Query : This allows the customer to post technical as well as commercial queries. The moment a query is posted, it is flashed to all the concerned personnel in the organization through e-mail and it is added to the query list. Once the query is answered and resolved, it is transferred to the list of resolved queries. Net Meeting : This module facilitates net meeting with clients in passing of documents and drawings through this system.

This module enables clients to keep track of projects from their desktop and results in substantial savings as it reduces communication and review expenses.

Traffic & Logistics

Specialists provide traffic and logistics services for domestic and international customers. All arrangements are made for safe, low-cost and timely deliveries. Traffic and logistics regularly carry out comprehensive route surveys from point of origin to final destination; plan and arrange the right mode of transport; obtain statutory clearances; organise inter-agency co-ordination as per the specific needs of customers.

450MT American Hoist Crane, 400 T gallow frame arrangement and heavy-duty RO-RO trailers enable loading of heavy cargo onto ocean-going vessels from the Hazira waterfront facility.

ODC equipment up to 350 tonnes in weight, 7.5 metres diameter and 50 metres in length has been delivered safely over land to remote locations in India.

Global Presence

Offices Engineering & Construction Projects Equipment Supplied Agents

Clients include:

Note : Map is broadly indicative of L&T's presence in markets worldwide.

EPC Contractors include:

Refinery Projects
EQUIPMENT SUPPLY
Fluid catalytic crackers including reactors, regenerators and accessories Hydrocracker reactors Coke chambers Columns including cracker vacuum column, crude column, fractionators. High pressure vessels (separators for hydrocracker, merox vessels, etc.) High pressure heat exchangers with threaded lock closures Heat exchangers in various materials of construction including Cr - 0.5 Mo, 2-1/4 Cr - 0.5 Mo, cupronickel, duplex. Helixchangers/Helitowers

VACUUM / CRUDE COLUMNS

No. Supplied Material Weight Diameter Length : Over 20 : CS/SS Clad/ Monel Clad : 200 to 450 MT : more than 7M : more than 50M

FCC REACTORS / REGENERATORS

No. Supplied : 6 Process : UOP, Exxon Mobil, Stone & Webster Experience also includes supply of reactor regenerator, orifice chamber, riser/downcomers including refractory lining and erection at site.

L&T has supplied one of the world's largest FCC regenerator (1200 MT) to the 540,000 bpd refinery of Reliance Industries, India. Size : 16.3m dia x 40m long

HYDROCRACKER REACTORS No. supplied : 2

Process Dimensions Thickness Material Weight : Chevron : 3.35 m dia x 23 m long : 223 mm + 9.5 mm overlay : SA 336 F12 + SS 347 Overlay : 450 MT

DHDS/HYDROTREATER REACTORS
Over 50 AXENS, Exxon Mobil, HTAS, UOP.... 6 m dia x 48 m long SA 387 Gr11/Gr22/Gr22V (Cr-Mo-V) with SS347 Clad Overlay. Weight : 100-800 MT These reactors were supplied to refinery projects. No. Supplied Process Dimension Material : : : :

SCREWPLUG CLOSURE EXCHANGERS

No. Supplied : Over 100 Process : Chevron, UOP, AXENS Material : LAS with SS weld overlay and tubes of SS 321/410/Incoloy. Tubesheet : 125 to 300 mm thk. Weight : 25 to100 MT

10

Oil & Gas Projects

EQUIPMENT SUPPLY Columns, vessels, heat exchangers for onshore
and offshore oil & gas projects

Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) Reactors

L&T is geared and qualified to take up the challenge of manufacturing GTL reactors by leading Process Licensors and EPC Contractors.

Modules and skid-mounted equipment such as

separators and manifolds, gas dehydration packages, water treatment skids, etc.

Waste Heat Recovery Boilers

(for Sulfur recovery) Waste heat boiler supplied to Saudi Aramco Shedgum Gas Project through Black & Veatch Pritchard, U.S.A in 1999.

Slug Catchers
Dimensions : 3700 mm dia x 99 mm thk x 18288 mm T/T Weight : 220 MT. Material : SA 516-70 Supplied to Saudi Aramco Shedgum Gas Project through Black & Veatch Pritchard, U.S.A in 1999.

Three Phase Separators

Dimensions : 3660 mm dia x 57 mm thk x 14630 mm T/T Weight : 115 MT. Material : SA 516-70 Supplied to Saudi Aramco Shedgum Gas Project through Black & Veatch Pritchard, U.S.A in 1999.

11

Production Separators
HP Separator : 200 MT, 126 mm thk. (SA537 CL II + 904L clad) supplied to Brown & Root for Shell Malampaya Platform Development project, Philippines

Test Separator Skids

Supplied on skids with materials like CS / CS NACE / Incoloy clad / SS clad, etc.

Vessels and Heat Exchangers

Heat exchangers supplied with SS & Incoloy materials for various onshore gas development projects Large vessels (7.3 m dia, 200 MT) for Ras Laffan LNG Project supplied to JGC, Japan.

Columns & Towers

Max. Dia of Columns : 8.5 m Max. Length Supplied : 103 m 90 mm thick Stainless Steel Column for Kellogg JV / Woodside LNG Project in Australia.

12

Fertilizer Projects
EQUIPMENT SUPPLY
Ammonia Convertors Convertor Baskets High Pressure Exchangers for Synthesis Loop Waste Heat Recovery Boiler package including RG, CG Boiler, steam drums, and piping. Secondary Reformer, HT/LT Convertors CO2 Absorbers / Regenerators Urea Reactors Urea Stripper Carbamate Condenser Vacuum Separators, Urea Hydrolyzers, etc. Chillers

Ammonia Convertors
No. Supplied : Over 20 Process : Haldor Topsoe, Kellogg Krupp Uhde. Material : Cr-Mo-V L&T has supplied the world's Largest Multiwall Ammonia Convertor (110mm thick), weighing 710 MT (including 160 MT SS Convertor Basket) and 37.2 m long, was fabricated from SA 387 Gr11 Cl2 and supplied to Burrup Fertilisers Pty Ltd., Australia.

Convertor Baskets
No. Supplied : 20 Process : Haldor Topsoe, Kellogg. Material : SS 321 & Incoloy 600 material. L&T has supplied the world's largest Ammonia Convertor Basket weighing 160 MT and 32 m long, comprising vertical interchangers and intricate SS internals, was manufactured and supplied to Burrup Fertilisers Pty Ltd., Australia.

13

High Pressure Heat Exchangers for Ammonia Synthesis Loop

No. Supplied : Over 100 Process : Haldor Topsoe, Kellogg, Linde, Krupp Uhde. Synthesis Loop Heat Exchangers with thick tubesheet (varying from thicknesses of 200 to 350mm), fabricated from Cr-Mo steel. Typical weight ranges from 30-70 MT.

L&T has supplied Unitized Chiller to Kellogg design, weighing 300 MT.

Waste Heat Recovery Packages

No. Supplied : Over 40 Application : Ammonia, Hydrogen, CO, Methanol. The supply includes RG/CG Boiler, Steam drum, Risers & Downcomers as a package. The material of construction is generally low alloy steel.

Secondary Reformers
No. Supplied : Over 20 Process : Haldor Topsoe, Kellogg, Krupp Uhde. L&T has supplied 210 MT Secondary Reformer fabricated from 2.25 Cr:0.5 Mo with refractory lining, to Ruwais Fertilizer, Abu Dhabi.

Absorbers / Regenerators
No. Supplied : Over 20 Process : Haldor Topsoe, Kellogg, Krupp Uhde. Typical weight ranges from 200-300 MT. Material of construction: CS/SS.

3.3 m dia, 38 m-long Absorber for Burrup Peninsula, Western Australia for Kellogg JV / Woodside Energy Limited.

14

Urea Reactors
No. Supplied : Over 10 Process : Snamprogetti, Mitsui Toatsu. The reactor weighs 180 - 300 MT supplied in multiwall construction with SS 316 L / titanium liner.

Urea Strippers
No. Supplied : Over 10 Process : Snamprogetti Supplied with bimetallic tubes 25:22:2Cr:Ni:Mo Zirconium. Typical weight range is 60-80 MT.

Carbamate Condensers
No. Supplied Process : Over 20 : Snamprogetti

TECH. DETAILS : 1500 to 2400 sq.m. 960 to 1650 'U' Tubes Tube Material 25:22:2 Cr:Ni:Mo. Tubesheet thk. 300-350 mm

Exported to Indonesia for Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Project.

15

Petrochemical Projects
Equipment Supply
ACN Reactors Polypropylene Reactors. Ethylene Oxide Reactors. Methanol Convertors. RG Boiler for Methanol Plant. Cracker Furnace. PVC Polymerisers. Oxychlorination Reactors. Solution Absorbers. Finishers. TLX Heat Exchangers. USX Heat Exchangers. Catofin Reactors & Products Splitters

Polypropylene Reactors
No. Supplied : Over 10 Max. Size : 8.5 m dia Weight : 400 MT

Ethylene Oxide Reactors

No. Supplied : Over 15 Max size : 9 m dia Weight : 1000 MT

Cement Plant Machinery

L&T offers a range of equipment, machinery and spares for cement plants. This includes cement mills, kiln sections, grinding rollers, coolers and rotary equipment such as dryers, granulators, coolers, roasters and calciners for various applications.

Cement mill weighing 106 MT (Dimensions: 4.8m dia x 16m length) Supplied to Lafarge, Bangladesh

16

Power Plant Projects

Equipment Supply (includes Process & Mechanical design)
Water Cooled Steam Surface Condensers High Pressure and Low Pressure Feedwater Heaters.

Water Cooled Steam Surface Condensers

No. Supplied : Over 50 Power Plant Capacity : 500 MW (max)

High Pressure and Low Pressure Feedwater Heaters

No. Supplied : Over 120 nos. (HP) : Over 50 nos. (LP) Power Plant : 500 MW (max) Types : Horizontal : Vertical (with Channel Up & Channel Down)

Coal Gasification Projects

With rising cost of oil and natural gas, Syn-gas from coal gasification is becoming a cost-effective alternative feedstock for fertilizers, chemicals (methanol, etc.), power and coal liquefaction plants.

Gasification Equipment Supply : Gasifires Syngas Coolers

The Shell Coal Gasification Process and its Applications

Chemical Chemical feedstock feedstock Gas Treating Clean Syngas (CO + HO2) Refinery Refinery use
Synthesis of Synthesisof Hydrocarbons Power Generation Power Generation IGCC

Coal Lignite Gasification Petcoke Biomass Oxygen - Sulfur earlier - Useful by-products

Ammonia Methanol Hydrogen Chemicals Hydrogen Transportation fuels Electricity

IGCC

The key gasification equipment to the design of Shell, the Netherlands, which includes Coal Gasifiers and Syngas Coolers, are being supplied for the Ammonia Plant of Yunnan Tianan, Yunnan Province; Methanol Plant of Zhong Yuan Da Hua Group, Henan Province; and Hydrogen Plant for China Shenhua Coal Liquefaction Corporation Ltd., Inner Mongolia.