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Mech 346: Heat Transfer

J.G. Pharoah
214 – McLaughlin Hall
533-6579
pharoah@me.queensu.ca

Department of Mechanical
Engineering
Queen's University
Kingston, Ontario,
Canada, K7L 3N6

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Overview
● Introduction to J. Pharoah
– Membrane Separation
– Power Generation
– Cooling
● Overview of Mech 346
● Heat Transfer Examples
– Space Shuttle
– Fuel Cells

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Membrane Separation

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Membrane Separation

Retentate
Permeate
Feed
Feed spacer
Feed flow
Permeate spacer
Membrane

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Rotating Membrane Separation

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Power Generation

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Vehicle Cooling
Goal: Operate Motor at Correct Temperature

Compartmentalization:
•Design a Motor ÆT, Power
•Design a fan ÆDelta P, Q
•Design a heat exchanger Æ∆T, Q2
•Design a water pump ÆQ2, ∆P

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Vehicle Cooling –2
Compartmentalization also limits
the range of designs
This approach can and will fail
even though each sub-problem
works in isolation.
The complete problem
involves:
•Complex fluid flows
•Interaction with external
aerodynamics
•Convective heat transfer
•Radiation heat transfer

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Towards Integration

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Electronic Cooling

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Mech 346
Everything in this course is about conservation of
energy.

Energy is conserved – the rest are details.

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Mech 346 continued

Details with which we will concern ourselves
– Conduction
– Convection
– Radiation
– Heat Exchangers (very brief)
● Lobby for advanced elective if you want more

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Heat Transfer Examples

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The Space Shuttle

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The Space Shuttle

● Re-Entry Tmax = 1650 C

● Hydrogen -253 C

● ½ Million gallons (6:1 Oxygen:Hydrogen)

● Exhaust Nozzle Tmax = 3500 C

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Fuel Cells

● Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) – High Temperature

• Proton Exchange Membrane (PEMFC) – Low Temperature

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Solid Oxide Fuel Cel

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SOFC

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Seimens Westinghouse SOFC Unit

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Transport Phenomena in a PEM

Fuel Cell

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Transport Phenomena in a PEM

Fuel Cell
• convective heat and mass transport in flow channels

• multi-phase flow (phase change of H2O)

Anode Flow
• convection/diffusion of reactants towards catalyst Channel

• electrochemical reactions
H2
• migration of H+ through the membrane

• transport of H2Ol through the membrane H+

O2

Cathode Flow
Channel

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PEM Fuel Cell With Cooling Channel

Base Case Dimensions:
• Channel size (l x h x w): 30 mm x 1 mm x 1mm
• Membrane thickness: 0.23 mm
• GDL thickness: 0.20 mm

Gas flow channel

Anode side

Porous diffusion
layer

Membrane

Porous diffusion
layer
Gas flow channel
Cathode side

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My Philosophy
● Everyone in this room can take the textbook and
complete every problem in it.
● There is no value in me reading you the texbook.
● The value is in what I can add to your
understanding.
● I am looking for you to UNDERSTAND the
material, not just be able to reproduce a problem
solution!!

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The Thermos
● Why is the 0.5l bottle worse than the 1.0l bottle?

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