15

43. ENVIRONMENT
43.1Average Gaseous Composition of Dry Air in the Troposphere 43.2National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 43.3State of Ambient Air Quality in Major Cities of Tamil Nadu 43.3(a) State of Ambient Air Quality in Chennai City 43.4Ambient Noise Standards as prescribed by Pollution Control Board 43.5Emission Limits for Diesel Driven Vehicles 43.6National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring, Chennai 43.7Summary Status of Pollution Control in 17 Categories of Industries in Tamil Nadu 43.8Analytical Output (Water) of Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board Laboratories 43.9Number of Industries visited for Air Survey and Number of AAQS/SM Samples Collected 43.10Number of Goods and Transport Vehicles Tested and Emission level Recorded

16

ENVIRONMENT

43. ENVIRONMENT
43.1 AVERAGE GASEOUS COMPOSITION OF DRY AIR IN THE TROPOSPHERE 2009-10

Gas
Nitrogen Oxygen Argon Carbondioxide Neon Helium Methane Krypton Hydrogen Xenon Ozone

Percent by Volume (%)

78.084 20.947 0.934 0.036 0.0018 0.0005 0.00017 0.00011 0.000053 0.0000087 0.0008

By Weight Parts Per Million (ppm)

780840 209470 9340 360 18.18 5.24 1.70 1.14 0.53 0.087 8.0

Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32

ENVIRONMENT
43.2 NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS)

17

CONCENTRATION IN AMBIENT AIR (in g/m3 ) Pollutant

Time Weighted Average Industrial Area Residential Rural & Other Areas Sensitive Area Method of Measurement

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Oxides of Nitrogen

(as NOx)

Annual Average * 24 Hours ** Annual Average * 24 Hours **

80 120 80 120 360 500 120 150 1.0 1.5 0.1 0.4 5.0
mg/m3

60 80 60 80 140 200 60 100 0.75 1.0 0.1 0.4 2.0

mg/m3

15 30 15 30 70 100 50 75 0.5 0.75 0.1 0.4 1.0

mg/m3

Improved West & Geake Method Ultraviolet Fluorescence

Jacob + Hochheiser Modified method (Na-Arsenitel) Method Gas Phase Chemiuminescence High Volume sampling (Average flow rate not less than 1.1 m3 / minute)

Suspended Annual Average * Particulate matter (SPM) 24 Hours ** Respirable Particulate matter (size
less than 10Z)

Annual Average * 24 Hours ** Annual Average * 24 Hours **

Respirable particulate matter sampler

Lead (Pb)

ASS method after sampling using EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper

Ammonia1

Annual Average * 24 Hours **

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

8 Hours * 1 Hour

Non-dispersive infra Red (NDIR) Spectroscopy

10.0mg/
m3

4.0
mg/m3

2.0
mg/m3

Note: * ** 1.

Annual Arithmetic Mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval. 24 hourly /8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on consecutive days. National Ambient Air Quality Standard. The levels of air quality necessary with an adequate margin of safety to protect the public health, Vegetation and property. Whenever and wherever two consecutive values exceeds the limit specified above for the respective category, it would be considered adequate reason to institute regular / continuous monitoring and further investigations. The State Government / State Board shall notify the sensitive and other areas in the respective states within a period of six months from the date of Notification of National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

2.
3.

Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32

18

ENVIRONMENT

43.3 STATE OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN MAJOR CITIES OF TAMIL NADU 2009-10 (ANNUAL AVERAGE)
(Unit 106 grams per cubic metre)

City
I CHENNAI
1. Kathivakkam 2. Manali 3. Thiruvottiyur

Category
Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial Mixed Residential Mixed Residential Industrial Mixed Industrial Mixed Industrial

SO2
11.7 13.0 14.6 11 10 10 5 5 7 8.5 15 15 17

NOx
19.3 19.7 21.7 25 24 25 23 23 27 24 12 13 11

TSPM
181 174 218 81 104 97 121 98 231 133 254 97 138

RSPM
78 83 108 36 48 46 60 51 100 85 135 47 70

II MADURAI
4. M/s. Sucee Cars & Truks 5. Avvai Girls Hr. Sec. School 6. Highways Buildings

III COIMBATORE
7. G.D.Matric School 8. Ponnaiyarajapuram 9. SIDCO, Kurichi

IV Salem
10. Sowdeswari College Building

V Thoothukudi
11. Raja Agencies 12. AVM Buildings 13. SIPCOT

Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32

43.3 (A) STATE OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN CHENNAI CITY 2009-10

Station
1. Anna Nagar 2. Adyar 3. Kilpauk * 4. T. Nagar * 5. Vallalar Nagar *
SO2 NOX RSPM SPM * : : : : :

SO2 g/m3
9.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 12.0

NOx g/m3
22.0 16.0 32.0 30.0 35.0

RSPM g/m3
92.0 40.0 110.0 143.0 136.0

SPM g/m3
207.0 78.0 240.0 285.0 315.0

Sulphurdioxide Oxides of Nitrogen Respirable Suspend Particulate Matter (<10 Micron size) Suspended Particulate Matter Traffic intersection areas

Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32

ENVIRONMENT
43.4 AMBIENT NOISE STANDARDS AS PRESCRIBED BY POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD 2009-10

19

Area
Industrial Area Commercial Area Residential Area Silence Zone

Log dB (A)
Day Time * dB (A) 75 65 55 50 Night Time ** dB (A) 70 55 45 40

* Day Time : 06.00 Hours to 22.00 Hours (16 Hours) ** Night Time : 22.00 Hours to 06.00 Hours (08 Hours) Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32

43.5 EMISSION LIMITS FOR DIESEL-DRIVEN VEHICLES 2009-10

Test

Light Absorption Co-efficient 1/m

2.45

Standard Smoke Density

Bosch Units -Hartridge Units 65.0

Free Acceleration Test

Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32

43.6 NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING, CHENNAI 2009-10

Annual Mean Concentrations of Air Pollutants g/m3 Place

SO2 Chennai Madurai Coimbatore Salem Thoothukudi
L: Low

Industrial NOx L L L L L
H: High

Residential/ Mixed SPM L L M L L SO2 L L L L L

C: Critical

NOx L L L L L

SPM M M M M

L L L L L
M: Moderate

Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32

20

ENVIRONMENT
43.7 SUMMARY STATUS OF POLLUTION CONTROL IN 17 CATEGORIES OF INDUSTRIES IN TAMILNADU 2009-10
(As on 31-03-2010)

Category
1. 2. Aluminium Smelting Basic Drugs & Pharmaceuticals Manufacturing Chlor Alkali / Caustic Soda Cement ( 200 TPD and above ) Copper Smelting Dyes and Dye Intermediate Fermentation (Distillery) Fertilizer Integrated Iron & Steel Leather Processing including Tanneries Oil Refinery Pesticide Formulation & Manufacturing Pulp and paper ( 30 TPD and above ) Petrochemical Sugar Thermal Power Plants Zinc Smelting TOTAL

No. of Units
1 27

Complying 0 22

Defaulting 0 2

Closed 1 3

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

3 19 1 1 17 6 2 55 3 1 3 12 41 41 0 233

3 12 1 1 15 6 2 54 3 1 3 12 40 40 0 215

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 9

0 1 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 9

Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32

ENVIRONMENT
43.8 ANALYTICAL OUTPUT (WATER) OF TAMIL NADU POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD LABORATORIES

21

Year
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2008-09 2009-10

Trade Effluents (Received / Analysed)

17646 15489 17385 15490 15499 15563 15109 14776 16605

Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32

43.9 NUMBER OF INDUSTRIES VISITED FOR AIR SURVEY AND NUMBER OF AAQS/SM SAMPLES COLLECTED

Period of Monitoring
2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2008-09 2009-10

No. of Industries
574 606 687 659 823 783 927 973

Number of Samples Collected

AAQS 3113 3375 3785 3727 4320 4224 5147 5367 SM 1098 1305 1447 1507 1879 1938 2486 2530

Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32

22

ENVIRONMENT
43.10 NUMBER OF GOODS AND TRANSPORT VEHICLES TESTED AND EMISSION LEVEL RECORDED DURING 2009-10

Station
1

Diesel Total Vehicles

2

Within the limit

3

Exceeding the limit

4

Chennai Chengalpattu Kancheepuram Udhagamandalam Kattery Dindigul Palani TOTAL

21718

21219

499

-------------------- CLOSED --------------------

21718

21219

499

Station
1

Total Vehicles
5

Petrol Within the limit

6

Exceeding the limit

7

Chennai Chengalpattu Kancheepuram Udhagamandalam Kattery Dindigul Palani TOTAL

294

285

-------------------- CLOSED --------------------

294

285

Station
1

Total Vehicles
8

Total (Diesel + Petrol) Within the limit

9

Exceeding the limit

10

Chennai Chengalpattu Kancheepuram Udhagamandalam Kattery Dindigul Palani TOTAL

22012

21504

508

-------------------- CLOSED --------------------

22012

21504

508

Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32