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The Nautical Almanac 2013

Warning and Terms of Usage: The following pages have been generated by a computer program. Complex computer programs usually have bugs and may produce wrong data. The data in this Nautical Almanac is believed to be accurate but no warranty is given for its correctness. Use this Nautical Almanac only for training and exercising!

Compiled by Erik De Man (erik.de.man@freenet.de) on Thu May 31 16:41:46 2012

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Introduction
This Nautical Almanac contains the Ephemerides of the Sun, the Moon, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. It is designed for determination of Position (geographical Latitude and Longitude) from astronomical observations (Altitude of Celestial Objects). The data compiled in this Nautical Almanac is based on calculations done with the software package "NOVAS" from the U.S. Naval Observatory (http://aa.usno.navy.mil/AA/software). The basic ephemerides are taken from the "DE405" files published by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov). For the astrodynamical calculations, the following values for "delta T" (the difference between terrestrial time realized by atomic clocks and UT defined by the irregular rotation of the Earth) have been used: Jan : 66.9 s Apr : 67.0 s Jul : 67.0 s Oct : 67.1 s Feb : 67.0 s May: 67.0 s Aug : 67.1 s Nov : 67.1 s Mar : 67.0 s Jun : 67.0 s Sep : 67.1 s Dec : 67.1 s

NOTICE: This Nautical Almanac uses a slightly different approach for the interpolation of the integral-hour values of Greenwhich Hour Angle and Declination, compared to the techniques used in most commercially available Almanacs. For more information please refer to the following web site: "http://www.erikdeman.de/"

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Positions of the Celestial Objects

The charts on the following pages show the position of the Celestial Objects used in this Nautical Almanac relative to the stars (celestial background). The charts can be used to find the location of the planets and also for the planning of astronomical observations. The charts are available for each month of the year. Each chart has two parts showing a part of the celestial sphere around the ecliptic. Notice that the position of the Celestial Equator (Declination = 0) is shifted in the two different parts of a chart. The changing position of a Celestial Object through the month is drawn as a solid line (not for the Moon). Marker tics are shown to indicate the 1st, 8th 15th, 22nd and 29th day of the month (at 12:00 UT). For Jupiter and Saturn only the first day of the month is marked since their apparent positions do not change significantly over the period of one month. The position of the Moon is shown by a small circle for each individual day of the month. Notice that the circles are much larger than the apparent size of the Moon.

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January
360 20 N 10
16 enif

2013
255 240 225 210
arctur ras alhague

345

330

315

300

285

270

195

180 20 N 10

altair

unuk

15

0 AQUARIUS 14 VIRGO
6 spica 5 4 31

10

PISCES

29

22

13 15

20
fomalhaut

Mars

CAPRICORN 12 29
8 1 22 15 29

LIBRA Saturn Sun

11 8 22 1 15 10 8 1 9 antares 8 7

10

20

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

Venus SAGITTARIUS

SCORPIO

30 S

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

GEMINI
25 24 23

20

LEO
denebola regulus 1 2 29 30 27 28

26

1 TAURUS 22 Jupiter aldebaran

hamel 21 20

ARIES
19 18 17

20

10

10

procyon

beteigeuse

0
31

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

February 2013
360 20 N 10
12 22 15 11 enif ras alhague altair unuk

345

330

315

300

285

270

255

240

225

210
arctur

195

180 20 N 10

0
822

AQUARIUS
1 15 22 10

10

PISCES

Mars

Sun

15

9 CAPRICORN 1 8 1

20
fomalhaut

Venus

LIBRA Saturn
7 6 5 antares 4 3

28 VIRGO 1 2 spica

10

20

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

SAGITTARIUS

SCORPIO

30 S

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

GEMINI
21 20 19

20

LEO
denebola regulus 25 23 24

22

1 TAURUS 18 Jupiter aldebaran

hamel 17 16

ARIES
15 14

20

10
26 27

10
13

procyon

beteigeuse

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

March
360 20 N 10
22 12 enif

2013
270 255 240 225 210
arctur ras alhague

345

330

315

300

285

195

180 20 N 10

altair

unuk

0 22 8 15

Sun Venus 10 PISCES

1 15

11 8 1 1 10 AQUARIUS 9

0 VIRGO
27

CAPRICORN 8
7 6 5 4 31 3

20
fomalhaut

30

LIBRA Saturn 29 2

28 1 spica

10

20

antares

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

SAGITTARIUS

SCORPIO

30 S

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

GEMINI
21 20 19 18

20

LEO
denebola regulus 24 25 23

1 TAURUS Jupiter 17 aldebaran

hamel 16

22

15

ARIES
14

20

10

procyon

beteigeuse

13 29

10
29 22 29 22 15 22

26 rigel

Mars

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

April
360 20 N 10
8 7 enif

2013
270 255 240 225 210
arctur ras alhague

345

330

315

300

285

195

180 20 N 10

altair

unuk

0 AQUARIUS 6
23 5 1

10

VIRGO 24
25 spica

PISCES

10

CAPRICORN 4

LIBRA Saturn
3 30 2 29 1 28 antares 27 26

20
fomalhaut

20

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

SAGITTARIUS

SCORPIO

30 S

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

GEMINI
17 16 15

20

LEO
denebola regulus 21 19 20

TAURUS Jupiter 14
aldebaran

hamel 13 29 12 29 22 29

18

ARIES
22 11 22 15 88 8 Venus Sun Mars 1 15 15 10

20

10

10
11 9

0
23

22

procyon

beteigeuse

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

May
360 20 N 10
5 4 31 enif

2013
270 255 240 225 210
arctur ras alhague

345

330

315

300

285

195

180 20 N 10

altair

unuk

0 AQUARIUS
3 30

10

PISCES

29 CAPRICORN

1 1 28

LIBRA
27 26 25 antares 24

Saturn
23

22 spica

VIRGO

21

10

20
fomalhaut

20

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

SAGITTARIUS

SCORPIO

30 S

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

GEMINI
14 13

29

1 22

20

LEO
denebola regulus 18 16 17

Jupiter 12

15

29 TAURUS 22 29 15 8 22 11 Venus 1 15 8 10 8 1 Sun 1 Mars 9 aldebaran

15

hamel

ARIES
8 7

20

10
19 20

10
6

procyon

beteigeuse

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

June
360 20 N 10
29 enif

2013
270 255 240 225 210
arctur ras alhague

345

330

315

300

285

195

180 20 N 10

altair

unuk

28

0 AQUARIUS 27
1

10

PISCES

26

CAPRICORN25
24 23 22 antares 21

LIBRA
20

Saturn 19

spica

18

VIRGO

17

10

20
fomalhaut

20

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

SAGITTARIUS

SCORPIO

30 S

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux 22 11

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

29

20

15 GEMINI Venus

8 29 10

22

15 1

29 8 22 8

LEO
denebola regulus 14 15 13

Sun Jupiter 9

TAURUS Mars 7
aldebaran

15 1

1 6 5

hamel

ARIES
4 3 30 2

20

12

10

10

procyon

beteigeuse

16

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

July
360 20 N 10
26 25 enif

2013
270 255 240 225 210
arctur ras alhague

345

330

315

300

285

195

180 20 N 10

altair

unuk

0 AQUARIUS
24 14 1 15 VIRGO 16 spica

10

PISCES

CAPRICORN

23

22

LIBRA
21 20 19 antares 18

17

Saturn

10

20
fomalhaut

20

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

SAGITTARIUS

SCORPIO

30 S

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

20

LEO
denebola 29 12

22

15

29

22 9

15

GEMINI 29 1 8
8

22 7

Sun

Mars Jupiter

15 1

8 6

1 5

TAURUS
aldebaran

hamel 4 31 3 30

ARIES
2 29 1 28 27

20

10

regulus 11

Venus

10 beteigeuse

10

0
14

13

procyon

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

August
360 20 N 10
enif

2013
255 240 225 210
arctur ras alhague

345

330

315

300

285

270

195

180 20 N 10

altair

unuk 15 22

22 21 AQUARIUS 29 20 1 12 spica

0 Venus
10

10

VIRGO

11

PISCES

CAPRICORN 19

LIBRA
18 17 16 15 antares 14

Saturn 13

10

20
fomalhaut

20

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

SAGITTARIUS

SCORPIO

30 S

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux 15

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

29

22 5

1 GEMINI 8 4 31

1 3 30 2 29

20

LEO
denebola 1 29 8 9

10
8 15

15 22 Sun regulus

1 6

Mars

Jupiter

TAURUS
1 28 aldebaran 27 26

hamel

ARIES
25 24 23

20

7 procyon beteigeuse

10

0Venus
10

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

September 2013
360 20 N 10
19 18 enif ras alhague altair unuk 29 22

345

330

315

300

285

270

255

240

225

210
arctur

195

180 20 N 10

10

AQUARIUS 17 CAPRICORN
16 15

PISCES

1 14

8 15

20
fomalhaut

13

12 antares

11

29

9 LIBRA Saturn 22 Venus 10

8 spica

VIRGO

10

20

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

SAGITTARIUS

SCORPIO

30 S

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

20

LEO
denebola 1 5 regulus 4

29

22

15

8 2

1 29 1

GEMINI 1 Jupiter
28 27 26

Mars
30

25

TAURUS
24 aldebaran 23 22

hamel

ARIES
21

20

10
22 15 6

10
20

Sun

procyon

beteigeuse

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

October
360 20 N 10
enif 16 15

2013
255 240 225 210
arctur ras alhague

345

330

315

300

285

270

195

180 20 N 10

altair

unuk

AQUARIUS
14

10

PISCES

CAPRICORN

13

12

20
fomalhaut

11

10 29

9 22 15 antares

8 8

LIBRA 7Saturn

29

22 6

15

1 4

31

Sun

VIRGO 5

spica

10

20

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

SAGITTARIUS

Venus 30 S

SCORPIO

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

GEMINI
25 24 23

20

LEO
denebola 29 2 22

15

8 1

1 27 28

Jupiter
26

TAURUS
22 aldebaran 21 20

hamel

ARIES
19 18

20

10
30

regulus Mars 29

10
17

procyon

beteigeuse

31

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

November 2013
360 20 N 10
enif ras alhague altair unuk

345

330

315

300

285

270

255

240

225

210
arctur

195

180 20 N 10

12 11 AQUARIUS 1 29VIRGO spica 28

10

PISCES

10 9 CAPRICORN 8 29 fomalhaut 22

20

7 15 8 1

5 29 antares

22

LIBRA 3 1 8 Saturn 4 15 Sun

30

10

20

30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30

SAGITTARIUS Venus

SCORPIO

30 S

345 165

330 150

315 135

300 120
castor pollux

285 105

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

GEMINI
21 20 19

20

LEO
denebola 15 8 1 regulus 25 26 23 24

Jupiter
22

TAURUS
18 aldebaran 17 16

hamel

ARIES
15

20

10
29 22 27

Mars

procyon

beteigeuse

14 13

10

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

December 2013
360 20 N 10
10 9 29 enif ras alhague altair unuk 22 15 8

345

330

315

300

285

270

255

240

225

210
arctur

195

180 20 N 10

Mars

AQUARIUS 8 10 PISCES
7

25

CAPRICORN 6

20
fomalhaut

Venus 30 S 40 360 180 40 N 30 345 165 330 150 315 135 300 120

29 22 15 8

5 1 29

22

31

15

30 1 antares

29

1 Saturn

1 LIBRA

27 28

26 VIRGO spica

10

20

SAGITTARIUS

Sun

SCORPIO

30 S

285 105
castor

270

255 75

240 60

225 45

210 30

195 15

40 180 0 40 N 30

Right Ascension
90

pollux

1 19

GEMINI
18 17 16

20

LEO
denebola regulus 22 23 24 21

Jupiter
20

TAURUS
15 aldebaran 14 13

hamel

ARIES
12

20

10
8 1

procyon

beteigeuse

11

10

0
25

10 S 20 180 165 150 135 120

sirius

rigel

10
deneb kaitos

S 20 0

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

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Phases of the Moon

The following table lists the phases of the Moon through the year 2013. The table shows the day and the approximate time (in UTC) when the particular lunar phases occur. The calculations are based on the difference between the GHA of the Sun and the GHA of the Moon (Delta_GHA = GHA_sun - GHA_moon). The constellations "new moon", "first quarter", "full Moon" and "last quarter" are obtained when Delta_GHA is equal to 0, 90, 180 and 270 respectively.

New Moon

First Quarter

Full Moon

Last Quarter

January Fri February Sun March Mon April Wed May Fri June July August September October November December Sat 10 8 00:20 15:24 Fri Sun 17 16 22:39 19:14 Sat Sun 25 23 03:55 11:38 10 11:27 Thu 18 05:55 Thu 25 20:34 11 23:18 Tue 19 17:40 Wed 27 12:04 10 10:26 Mon 18 05:08 Tue 26 00:11 11 20:56 Sat 19 10:36 Sun 27 07:20

Sat

11:27

Sun

23:07

Tue

01:44

Wed

01:30

Thu Fri Sun

2 31 30

04:49 16:19 10:37

Mon

08:26

Tue

16

11:46

Mon

22

20:04

Tue

30

04:00

Wed

01:06

Wed

14

19:01

Wed

21

04:49

Wed

28

16:24

Thu

15:06

Thu

12

19:32

Thu

19

13:54

Fri

27

02:44

Sat

02:23

Fri

11

19:02

Sat

19

00:27

Sat

26

16:31

Sun

12:39

Sat

23:45

Sun

17

14:27

Mon

25

14:25

Mon

23:41

Mon

14:08

Tue

17

09:11

Wed

25

17:39

Tidal Phase

spring

neap

spring

neap

Lunar Phases and Tides

The lunar phases may be used to roughly estimate the occurrence of spring and neap tides. Spring tide occurs around new and full moon. Neap tide occurs around the first and last quarter. Each tidal region on Earth, has a characteristic "tidal delay" which, specifies the time difference between the occurrence of a particular lunar phase and the occurrence of the resulting tidal phase. The tidal delay can be a couple of hours for the open seas, or up to several days for branched tidal waters such as parts of the North Sea. Reliable tidal predictions are obtained from a Tidal Almanac.

Lunar Eclipses
An eclipse of the Moon - or lunar eclipse - can only occur at Full Moon, and only if the Moon passes through some portion of the Earths shadow. The Earths shadow is composed of two concentric cone-shaped components. The outer or penumbral shadow is a region where the Earth blocks part (but not all) of the Suns light from reaching the Moon. The inner or umbral shadow is a region where the Earth blocks all direct sunlight from reaching the Moon. Based on this, three types of lunar eclipses are distinguised: 1. Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: the Moon passes through the Earths penumbral shadow. These kind of eclipses are subtle and very difficult to observe. 2. Partial Lunar Eclipse: a part of the Moon passes through the Earths umbral shadow. 3. Total Lunar Eclipse: the Moon passes entirely through the Earths umbral shadow. During this phase of the eclipse the Moon will take a vibrant range of dark red and brown colors. NOTICE: Eclipse contact times depend on the angular diameters of the Sun and Moon. The calculations in this Almanac are based on a perfect circular form for the limb of the Moon, and do not take into account effects of refraction of the sunlight in the Earth atmosphere. Since this is only an approximation of reality, contact times are accurate only within a couple of minutes. The following lunar eclipses may be observed during the year 2013: April 25 :
Rp = 1.2909 Ru = 0.7504

a partial lunar eclipse

begin [ Apr 25, 18:03 UTC ] / end [ Apr 25, 22:14 UTC ]

penumbra umbra

April 25
1218:03 UTC 19:52 UTC 20:07 UTC 6720:24 UTC 22:14 UTC begin of penumbral eclipse begin of partial eclipse moment of greatest eclipse end of partial eclipse end of penumbral eclipse

1 6 7 2

April 25

May 25 : October 18 :

a penumbral lunar eclipse

begin [ May 25, 03:45 UTC ] / end [ May 25, 04:38 UTC ]

a penumbral lunar eclipse

begin [ Oct 18, 21:49 UTC ] / end [ Oct 19, 01:53 UTC ]

Solar Eclipses
An eclipse of the Sun - or solar eclipse - can only occur at New Moon, and only if the Earth passes through some portion of the Moons shadow. Seen from the Earth, the Moon passes in front of the Sun and thus a part - or all - of the light of the Sun is eclipsed. The shadow cast by the Moon is composed of two concentric cone-shaped components. The outer or penumbral shadow zone is the region where the Moon blocks a part of the sunlight. The inner or umbral shadow zone is a region where the Moon blocks all sunlight. Based on this, three types of solar eclipes may be distinguised: 1. Total solar eclipse: occurs when the umbra of the Moons shadow touches a region on the surface of the Earth. 2. Partial solar eclipse: occurs when the penumbra of the Moons shadow passes over a region on the Earths surface. 3. Annular solar eclipse: occurs when a region on the Earths surface is in line with the umbra, but the distances are such that the tip of the umbra does not reach the Earths surface Because of the relative sizes of the Moon and Sun and their specific distances from the Earth, only a small part of the Earth surface is covered by the Moon shadow during a solar eclipse. Especially the path of totality is usually very narrow (a few hundreds of kilometers across). A much broader region is covered by the penumbral shadow of the Moon. However, an observer in this region will see only a partial solar eclipse. The appearance of a specific solar eclipse can be summarized conveniently by mapping the path of totality and the region covered by the penumbral shadow of the Moon for the complete duration the eclipse. The lines of constant time, included in the charts, indicate the instances of greatest eclipse.

Warning: never look directly at the Sun without proper eye protection, even during an eclipse. Even when the Sun is partially covered, your eyes can be seriously damaged by looking directly at it. Sunglasses are not an adequate eye protection for viewing the Sun.

The following solar eclipses may be observed during the year 2013: May 10 : annular solar eclipse begin [ May 9, 21:25 UTC ] / end [ May 10, 03:26 UTC ]
N 60 45 30 15
01:00 01:30 00:30 24:00 23:30 23:00 02:00

0 15 30 45 60

P1

075 Time:

090

105

120

135

150

165

180

165 Penumbra 21:25 UTC

150

135

120

105

090

Circumstances at Moment of Greatest Eclipse

00:25 UTC Location: N 02.2 E 175.5

Fist Contacts (P1/U1)

Last Contacts (U4/P4)

Penumbra 03:26 UTC

November 3 :

annular solar eclipse

begin [ Nov 3, 10:04 UTC ] / end [ Nov 3, 15:29 UTC ]

N 60 45 30
12:00 12:30 13:00

P1

11:30

15
13:30 14:00

P4

14:30

0 15 30 45 60

105 Time:

090

075

060

045

030

015

000

015

030

045

060

075

090

Circumstances at Moment of Greatest Eclipse

12:46 UTC Location: N 03.4 W 011.7

Fist Contacts (P1/U1)

Penumbra 10:04 UTC

Last Contacts (U4/P4)

Penumbra 15:29 UTC

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Equation of Time
The "Equation of Time" is the difference between the Apparent Solar Time and the Mean Solar Time at the Prime Meridian of Greenwich. The value for the Equation of Time (EoT) for a specific day can be obtained from the Nautical Almanac. The section of the Sun records the "Greenwich Culmination Time" (GCT), which is the UT time at which the Geographical Position of the Sun transits the Prime Meridian of Greenwich. This is also the UT time of Local Apparent Noon for the Prime Meridian. Thus, the value for the Equation of Time is obtained from: EoT = 12:00:00 - GCT. Examples: GCT = 11:57:23 EoT = 12:00:00 - 11:57:23 = +00:02:37 GCT = 12:01:57 EoT = 12:00:00 - 12:01:57 = -00:01:57

Notice that EoT has a sign: positive if the Sun "culminates" before 12 UT (then Apparent Time is "leading" Mean Time) and negative if the Sun "culminates" after 12 UT (then Apparent Time is "lagging" Mean Time).

The next graph shows the values for the "Equation of Time" (in Minutes) over the year 2013.
16 12 8 4 0 -4 -8 -12 -16

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

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Nautical Almanac
The following pages contain the coordinates of the Geographical Position (in Greenwich Hour Angle and Declination) for each integral hour of the year for the recorded celestial objects. Each page compiles the complete Almanac data for one day of the year. The time used in this Almanac is Universal Time (UT).

NOTICE: This Nautical Almanac uses a slightly different approach for the interpolation of the integral-hour values of Greenwhich Hour Angle and Declination, compared to the techniques used in most commercially available Almanacs. For more information please refer to the following web site: "http://www.erikdeman.de/"

Abbreviations used in the Almanac tables: UT GHA Dec ddGHA dDec SD HP a Universal Time Greenwich Hour Angle Declination the increment of the GHA value for the next hour of time, additional to the "linear" increment of 15/h the increment of the Dec value for the next hour of time Semi-Diameter of the celestial object Horizontal Parallax the "age" of the Moon, according to the following scheme:

[degrees] [degrees] [minutes of arc] [minutes of arc] [minutes of arc] [minutes of arc]

a = 0.00 : new moon a = 0.25 : first quarter a = 0.50 : full moon a = 0.75 : last quarter

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