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RIO Unit 07- Biology

Meiosis and Heredity

1. What are variations within a species 3. Why can mutations be considered as


most likely the result of? (Generating) one of the raw materials of evolution?
(Evaluating)
A mutations and sexual reproduction
A Because they contribute to new
B synapsis and disjunction variations in organisms

C mitosis and asexual reproduction B Because they are usually related to


the environment in which they
D overpopulation and recombination appear
2. During synapsis, chromatids in C Because they are usually
homologous pairs of chromosomes often beneficial to the organism in which
twist around each other, break, exchange they appear
segments, and rejoin. What does this
process usually contribute to? D Because they usually cause
(Analyzing) species of organisms to become
extinct
A the formation of polyploid
offspring 4. Which process is illustrated by the
diagram below? (Knowing)
B nondisjunction of homologous
chromosomes

C the production of identical twins

D increased variability in offspring


A crossing over

B nondisjunction

C sex determination

D independent assortment
5. A child is born with an extra 8. A hybrid black-coated guinea pig
chromosome in each of its cells. What is produces two million sperm cells.
this condition usually the result of? Approximately what number of its
(Applying) sperm cells would contain the recessive
gene for white coat color? (Applying)
A nondisjunction
A1 million
B crossing over
B 2 million
C segregation
C0
D hybridization
D .5 million
6. Which of the following is normally
impossible because the gene for
hemophilia is located on the X-
chromosome? (Generating)

A carrier mother to pass the gene to


her son

B hemophiliac father to pass the


gene on to his son

C hemophiliac father to pass the


gene to his daughter

D carrier mother to pass the gene to


her daughter

7. If many hybrid tall pea plants are


cross-pollinated, what will the offspring
produced probably be? (Evaluating)

A 100% homozygous tall

B 100% heterozygous tall

C 50% homozygous tall

D 50% heterozygous tall


9. In which structure do chromosomes 12. What percentages can be expected in
normally occur as homologous pairs? the offspring of cross between a female
(Organizing) carrier for color blindness and a male
with normal color vision? (Applying)
A a sperm cell
A 25% normal male, 25% colorblind
B an egg cell males, 25% normal females, 25%
carrier females
C a zygote
B 25% normal males, 25%
D a gamete colorblind males, 25% carrier
females, 25% colorblind females
10. Some individuals with blood group A
may inherit the genes for blond hair, C 75% normal males, 25% carrier
while other individuals with blood group females
A may inherit the genes for brown hair.
Which principle is this best explained D 50% colorblind males, 50%
by? (Evaluating) colorblind females

Dominance

B multiple alleles

C incomplete dominance

D independent assortment

11. What is the outward appearance


(gene expression) of a particular trait in
an organism referred to as? (Knowing)

A a genotype

B a phenotype

C an allele

D a chromosome
13. Which represents the genotype of a 16. In squirrels, the gene for gray fur (G)
homozygous condition? (Analyzing) is dominant over the gene for black fur
(g). If 50% of a large litter of squirrels
A Bb are gray, what was most likely the
parental cross that produced this litter?
B BC (Generating)
C bb A GG x Gg
D bc B GG x GG
14. What does the process of meiotic cell C Gg x gg
division in a human male usually form?
(Applying) D gg x gg

A one diploid cell, only 17. Which represents the number of


autosomes and type of sex chromosomes
B four diploid cells normally present in a human egg cell?
(Analyzing)
C one haploid cell, only
A 44 + XY
D four haploid cells
B 44 + XX
15. Which cross could produce a child
with type O blood? (Integrating) C 22 + Y
A A female who is heterozygous for D 22 + X
type A blood and a male who is
homozygous for type B blood

B A female who is homozygous for


type A blood and a male who is
heterozygous for type B blood

C A female who has type AB blood


and a male who has type O blood

D A female who is heterozygous for


type A blood and a male who is
heterozygous for type B blood
18. In humans, what does the fusion of 20. What term is used to refer to
the nuclei of two functional gametes offspring that result from crosses
result in? (Knowing) between true-breeding parents with
different traits? (Knowing)
A The formation of a haploid cell
A True- breeding
B The formation of a zygote
B Parental generation
C The formation of a cotyledon cell
C F2 Generation
D The formation of a polyploidy cell
D Hybrids
19. When Mendel crossed true-breeding
tall plants with true-breeding short 21. In the P generation, a tall plant is
plants, why were all of his offspring tall? crossed with a short plant. Short plants
(Integrating) reappeared in the F2 generation. Why is
this? (Evaluating)
A Because the allele for tall
plants is recessive. A Because some of the F2 plants
produced gametes that carried the allele
B Because the allele for short for shortness.
plants is dominant.
B Because the allele for
C Because the allele for tall shortness is dominant.
plants is dominant.
C Because the allele for
D Because they were true- shortness and the allele for tallness
breeding like their parents. segregated when the F1 plants produced
gametes.

D Because they inherited an


allele for shortness from one parent and
an allele for tallness from the other
parent.
22. How many different allele 25. When do homologous chromosomes
combinations would be found in the form tetrads? (Organizing)
gametes of an individual whose
genotype was RrYy? (Generating) A Prophase of Meiosis I

A2 B Metaphase of Meiosis I

B4 C Prophase of Meiosis II

C8 D Metaphase of Meiosis II

D 16

23. Which of the following patterns of 26. Which of the following statements is
inheritance explains why a cross true regarding meiosis? (Evaluating)
between a black rooster and a white hen
produces a checkered chicken? A It produces two genetically
(Analyzing) different haploid cells.

A Incomplete Dominance B It produces four genetically


different haploid cells.
B Polygenic Inheritance
C It produces two genetically
C Codominance identical haploid cells.

D Multiple Alleles D It produces four genetically


different diploid cells.

24. What is the haploid number of an


organism whose diploid number is 12? 27. What did Gregor Mendel study in
(Applying) pea plants? (Knowing)

A6 A Flowering

B 12 B Gamete formation

C 24 C Inheritance of traits

D3 D Cross-pollination
28. What are Mendel’s ‘factors’ called 30. What pattern of inheritance deals
today? (Knowing) with traits that are produced by the
interaction of several genes?
A Alleles (Evaluating)

B Traits A Codominance

C Genes B Polygenic Inheritance

D Characters C Incomplete Dominance

29. What does the law of dominance D Pleiotropy


state? (Analyzing)

A That all alleles are dominant

B That all alleles are recessive

C That some alleles are recessive


and others are dominant

D That alleles are neither


dominant nor recessive
32. What is the diagram above referred
to as? (Organizing)

A A karyotype

B A genetic map
31. What can you tell about the
individual above? (Evaluating) C A gametic representation chart
A That they are trisomic for D A pedigree
chromosome # 21

B That their gametes will result


from nondisjunction

C That they are male

D That they are sterile


The following is a diagram representing 35. Which of the following is possible?
the inheritance of cystic fibrosis (Generating)
throughout four generations of a family.
Answer the following questions with A A child of individual III-2 and
regards to this diagram. III-3 that does not have cystic fibrosis

B Individual IV-2 having a child


that is not a carrier of cystic fibrosis

C Individuals II-1 and II-2


having different genotypes

D Individual IV-1 having a child


that is a carrier of cystic fibrosis

33. What is true about individuals in this 36. Which of the following disorders is
diagram represented by a square? caused by nondisjunction of
(Applying) chromosomes? (Analyzing)
A Hemophilia
A They are homozygous

B They are heterozygous B Huntington’s Disease

C They are female C Down’s Syndrome

D They are male D Cystic Fibrosis

34. What is true about individual IV- 1? 37. What is the phenotypic ratio of
(Integrating) offspring expected from the cross of two
individuals that are heterozygous for two
A They are a carrier traits? (Applying)

B They have cystic fibrosis A 9:3:3:1

C They do not have cystic B 3:1


fibrosis
C 1:2:1
D They are heterozygous for
cystic fibrosis D 1:1:1:1
38. Which pattern of inheritance is
observed in human blood types?
(Organizing)

A Incomplete dominance

B Multiple Alleles

C Epistasis

D Multiple Alleles

39. Which individual is credited with


discovering our basic knowledge of
genetics? (Knowing)

A Carrolus Linnaeus

B Gregor Mendel

C James Watson

D Charles Darwin

40. Which of the following organisms


undergoes meiosis? (Analyzing)

A Yeast

B Prokaryote

C Mammal

D Amoeba

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