General Electric LMS100

Heavy Gas Turbines May 2010

Program Briefing
The General Electric LMS100 has brought together some of the benefits of the company's heavy duty industrial g as tu rb in e lin e in to its aeroderivative engines to end up with a 100-MW, super-efficient design. Variants of the LMS100 are expected to generate power at over 50% thermal efficiency in simple cycle operation. The engine features an intercooler between the LP and HP compressors that was borrowed from GE's heavy duty turbine designs, allowing the upgraded LM6000 core and power turbine to generate double the power of its original design. The LMS100 designation is a combination of the aeroderivative LM and heavy duty MS series prefixes and the turbine's target 100-MW output. Teal Group numbers have GE producing 174 units in the next 10 years with a total value of around $8.7 billion to the company.

Source: General Electric

Quick Specs:
Power class: Thermal efficiency: Heat rate (@ISO): 98 to 103 MWe 43.9% to 45% 7,592 - 7,773 Btu/kW-hr

Manufacturers
General Electric Co. GE Energy 4200 Wildwood Parkway Atlanta, GA 30339 tel: (678) 844-6000 fax: (678) 844-6690 web: www.gepower.com Partners The following companies have been involved with the design and manufacture of the LMS100:

Avio (Italy)Design and manufacturing work on the intermediate and power turbines.

Sumitomo (Japan)Generators
for electricity generation packages.

Summary Forecast
2009 Units Produced Value (2010 $Millions) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Total 174 8,700.0 14 16 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 700.0 800.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0

Teal Group Corporation

World Power Systems Briefing (I&M)

May 2010

General Electric LMS100

Thermal Engineering InternationalStainless steel intercooler unit.

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Volvo Aero (Sweden)Case and

frames for the IPT and power turbines.

Technical Description
Components Layout The LMS100 is a three-spool, aeroderivative industrial gas turbine with hot-end drive. Intake Radial inlet. LP Compressor Axial compressor with six stages taken from the MS6000FA with minor modifications. Air is delivered to an intercooler. HP Compressor A 14-stage compressor from the LM6000 turbine with some modifications. The overall pressure ratio for the compressor section is 42:1. Combustor The initial model, the LMS100PA, is equipped with a single annular combustor (SAC) with dual gas and Specifications
Model LMS100PA* LMS100PA* LMS100PB** LMS100PB** **DLE, 25 ppm NOx Output (MWe) 103,112 103,162 97,718 97,878 Elec. Cycles 60-Hz 50-Hz 60-Hz 50-Hz Heat Rate Elec. (Btu/kW-hr) Efficiency 7,773 7,769 7,592 7,579 43.9% 43.9% 45.0% 45.0% Mass Flow (lb/sec) 469 469 453 453 Turbine Speed 3,600 rpm 3,000 rpm 3,600 rpm 3,000 rpm Exhaust Temp (F) 770 767 783 784

oil capability. Steam or water injection for emissions control. Now available is the LMS100PB with a dry low emissions (DLE) system. In this configuration, a larger dual annular premixed combustor is employed. The SAC system s with steam/water injection limit NOx emissions to 25ppm. Steam injection power augmented variant (STIG) also offered. HP Turbine Two-stage axial turbine drives the HP compressor. The stage is derived from the CF6-80E aero turbine. The LM6000 HP turbine is based on the earlier CF6-80C2. IP Turbine This all new turbine is equipped with two axial stages and drives the LP compressor.

LP/Power Turbine The five-stage free power turbine is based unit used on the LM6000 model. Three thousand rpm and 3,600 rpm variants are offered to serve the 50-Hz and 60-Hz markets, respectively. Additional Features The LMS100 features a heavy duty turbine design intercooler between the LPC and HPC sections with air to water and air to air designs. The cooler air entering the HPC allows for greater mass flow and compression ratio. The unit is fabricated entirely in stainless steel. The LMS100 turbine's GE Mark VI electronic control system features dual channel redundant design.

*SAC, water injected to 25 ppm NOx

Marketing Data
Costs Our estimated value for a basic simple-cycle LMS100 power generation plant is $50 million. Recent Orders July 2004 GE Energy announces the first North American contract for a LMS100 generator set. The purchaser is Basin Electric Power Cooperative from Groton, ND. The turbine will generate 94 megawatts upon its entry into service in mid 2006. June 2005 East Kentucky Power Cooperative, of Winchester, KY, ordered five units to be used for peaking and mid-load requirements. November 2006EPCOR Power Development ordered an LMS100 and took an option for a second unit.

May 2010

World Power Systems Briefing (I&M)

Teal Group Corporation

Page 3

General Electric LMS100

June 2008Topaz Power Group o r d e r e d tw o L MS 1 0 0 0 s f o r a 200-MW simple-cycle generation plant adjacent to its Laredo Power Station.

The engine will be installed at the company's Clover Bar Generating Station ion Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Milestones
Date 2000 Dec. 3, 2003 November 2004 Jul. 29, 2004 Dec. 6, 2005 July 2006 2010 Milestone Internal program launch LMS100 unveiled Initial testing completed First contract announced GE announces first unit shipped in October 2005 First unit enters service First LMS100 PB planned for shipment

Program Overview
Background Initial Development General Electric unveiled the LMS100 at the December 2003 Power-Gen International as the world's most efficient simple-cycle gas turbine. The turbine has its roots in the late 1980s when the plans for a 100-MW industrial aeroderivative was initially launched at GE. Progress was slowed during the next 10 years as technology and cash flow caught up to the idea, so it wasn't until the peak of the power generation boom in 2000 that the program was officially launched. The LMS100 concept, conceived in 1992, was to put together the front end of a heavy duty industrial turbine together with an intercooler ahead of the core of the LM6000 turbine to increase the overall pressure ratio and boost the output and efficiency of the unit. GE brought together teams from its Aero Engine (GEAE), Power Systems (GEPS), Industrial Systems and Global Research Center group with outside partners Avio, Volvo Aero and Sumitomo for the development and production of the turbine. MRO Maintainability Features The LMS100 has many features designed to enhance the powerplant's availability and maintainability. Principal among these are its modular construction which permits replacement of the aero components without total disassembly. The so-called "super corecomprising the front GEAE had overall program management and designed the core engine, intermediate turbine frame, power turbine module, core engine control, and led the system engineering and integration efforts, including the intercooling system. GEPS's Gas Turbine Technology group in Greenville, SC, designed the low-pressure compressor, exit and inlet scrolls, power turbine aft shaft system, and exhaust diffuser/collector. GE Energy of Houston, TX, designed the engine mounting system, package enclosure, control system software, and auxiliary support systems. GE Industrial Systems designed and supplies the control system using its Mark VIe control system with dual-channel architecture. GE Global Research Center conducted combustion testing and provided technical expertise. Avio was responsible for the design, development, manufacturing, and assembly of the intermediate power turbine rotor/stator module and fore the design of the power turbine, as well as manufacturing a large portion of the power turbine module components. Volvo Aero is a risk and revenue-sharing partner in the LMS100. It was responsible for the design, development and production of the power turbine case, as well as production of the compressor rear frame and intermediate power turbine frame. Sumitomo has responsibility for the supply of a significant share of production generators. The unit's LMS100 designation is a blend of the General Electric Industrial MS and aeroderivative LM prefixes with the turbine's 100 megawatt power output. The company credits its adoption of Six Sigma process management with helping it introduce the LMS100 as well as its H technology heavy duty turbines. The stated benefits of the end-result of the program is a reliable turbine able to take the rigors of operating in peak/mid-load environments while maintaining high efficiency at a wide range of environmental conditions.

Teal Group Corporation

World Power Systems Briefing (I&M)

May 2010

General Electric LMS100

frame, HP compressor, combustor, HP turbine, IP turbine and turbine mid-frameare designed to be exchanged in less than four days. Other features include multiple borescope ports; condition-based maintenance and remote diagnostics; split casing construction; externally mounted accessories for ease of on-site replacement; and package-mounted maintenance cranes in the auxiliary module. CSAs GE offers Contractual Services Agreements (CSAs) that provide Recent Activity First Installation On July 29, 2004, GE announced that it had booked its first order for the LMS100 with Basin Electric Power Cooperative of Bismarck, ND. The completed unit finished testing and was shipped from Houston in October 2005. On July 5, 2006, GE reported that the gas turbine had entered commercial service. DLE System The latest upgrade to the LMS100 is the option for a dry low emission (DLE) system. Modifications include a new larger dual annular premixed combustor, first stage HP turbine nozzle cooling, and the addition of fuel field service, labor, and parts and repairs. The company's lease engine program provides a spare "super core" that can be installed in 24 hours when service center maintenance is required. The power turbine module can also be replaced within an additional 24 hours. Service Intervals Every 4,000 hours a borescope inspection is recommended. This takes 12 hours, including cool-down time. The first hot section interval is reached at 25,000 hours of operation. This includes an on-site hot section

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(combustor, HPT, and IPT) replacement. The first depot maintenance comes at 50,000 hours. This includes a major hot-section overhaul; inspection of booster, intercooler, scroll frames, HPC, aft shaft and turbine bearings. A hot section interval occurs at 75,000 hours, followed by the next depot maintenance at 100,000 hours.

metering valves, and eighth-stage and CDP bleeds. The designation of the DLE engine is LMS100PB (original mo d e l is n o w k n o w n as th e LMS100PA). Program Status As of October 2009, it was reported that GE had received orders for a total of 38 LMS1000 units

Teal Group Evaluation

The LMS100 is clearly a technologically superior product and has set the standard for simple-cycle efficiency in its power class. Its high unit costs are justified by the fact that its efficiency compares favorably with the combined cycle numbers of many current heavy duty offerings. The 100-MW power range and aeroderivative characteristics (quick start, high efficiency, low lapse rate) of the LMS100 make it a good fit for the mid-load market. We suspect that in the longer term, evolutionary improvements could bring the thermal efficiency of a combined-cycle variant closer to the 60% range. With all this in its favor, we see a constantly growing order book for the LMS100. Teal Group numbers have GE producing 174 units in the next ten years with a total value of around $8.7 billion to the company.

Production Forecast
Units Power Generation LMS100 Value (2010 $Millions) Power Generation LMS100 Thru 2009 8 2010 14 2010 2011 16 2011 2012 18 2012 2013 18 2013 2014 18 2014 2015 18 2015 2016 18 2016 2017 18 2017 2018 18 2018 2019 18 2019 Total 182 Total

700.0 800.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 8,700.0

May 2010

World Power Systems Briefing (I&M)

Teal Group Corporation