Me N Mine (Mathematics)

Mathematics
Solutions to
Since 1950
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PULLOUT WORKSHEETS
FOR CLASS X
Second Terms
Surender Verma
M.Sc. (Mathematics), B.Ed.
Delhi Public School,
Dwarka, New Delhi
By
1. Quadratic Equations
V Worksheets (1 to 20) ................................................................................................ 135
Assessment Sheets (1 and 2) .................................................................................. 157
Chapter Test ............................................................................................................ 160
2. Arithmetic Progressions
V Worksheets (24 to 37) .............................................................................................. 162
Chapter Test ............................................................................................................ 178
3. Circles
V Worksheets (41 to 46) .............................................................................................. 180
Chapter Test ............................................................................................................ 189
4. Constructions
V Worksheets (50 to 54) .............................................................................................. 191
Chapter Test ............................................................................................................ 209
Second Term
3
5. Some Applications of Trigonometry
V Worksheets (57 to 62) ............................................................................................... 211
Assessment Sheets (9 and 10) ................................................................................ 219
Chapter Test ............................................................................................................ 223
6. Probability
V Worksheets (66 to 68) .............................................................................................. 225
Assessment Sheets (11 and 12) ............................................................................... 228
Chapter Test ............................................................................................................ 231
7. Coordinate Geometry
V Worksheets (72 to 82) .............................................................................................. 233
Assessment Sheets (13 and 14) .............................................................................. 247
Chapter Test ............................................................................................................ 250
8. Areas Related to Circles
V Worksheets (85 to 89) .............................................................................................. 252
Chapter Test ............................................................................................................ 260
9. Surface Areas and Volumes
V Worksheets (93 to 98) .............................................................................................. 262
Chapter Test ............................................................................................................ 273
PRACTICE PAPERS (1 to 5) ................................................................................... 275
4
Sol uti ons to Sol uti ons to Sol uti ons to Sol uti ons to Sol uti ons to
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AND AND AND AND AND
PRACTICE PAPERS PRACTICE PAPERS PRACTICE PAPERS PRACTICE PAPERS PRACTICE PAPERS
[Summative Assessments] [Summative Assessments] [Summative Assessments] [Summative Assessments] [Summative Assessments]
[SECOND TERM]
135
D A U Q A R C I T A U Q E I T S N O
1
Chapter
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
WORKSHEET1
1. (B) For real and distinct roots, D > 0
b
2
4ac > 0 16 4p > 0
4 > p p < 4.
2. (C) p(1)
2
+ p(1) + 3 = 0
2p = 3 p =
3
2
and (1)
2
+ 1 + q = 0 q = 2
pq
_

,
3
2
( 2) = 3.
3. (A)
2
( 5)
2( 5 )
5
k = 0
10 2k = 5
2k = 15
k =
15
2
.
4. Given equation: 4x
2
3x
5 = 0
Divide throughout by coefficient of x
2
, i.e.,
4 to get
x
2

3 5
4 4
x
= 0
1
2
of coefficient of x =
3
8
and square of it =
3
64
Therefore, required constant is
3
64
.
5. True
Reason: The value of t for which given
equation has real and equal roots are
2 21 which are irrational.
6.
2
2 +7 + 5 2 x x = 0
2
2 + 5 + 2 5 2 x x x+ = 0
( ) ( )
2 5 2 2 5 x x x + + + = 0
( ) ( )
2 2 5 x x + + = 0
+ 2 x
= 0 or
+ 2 5 x
= 0
2 x or
5
2
x
.
7.
+
2
2 5 3 x x
= 0
2
5 3
2 2
x x + = 0

2
5
2
x x =
3
2
Add both side
_

,
2
5
4
2
2
5 5
2 4
x x
_
+

,
=
2
3 5
2 4
_
+

,

,
2
5
4
x =
+ 24 25
16
=
1
16

5
4
x =
1
4
+
5 1
4 4
x or
5 1
4 4
x =
3
2
or 1.
8. x = 2 or 1
Hint: The given eqn. can be written as:
( )( )

+
7 4
4 7
x x
x x
=
11
30
x
2
3x 28 = 30
x
2
3x + 2 = 0.
9. Let speed of stream = x km/h
upstream speed = (18 x) km/h
downstream speed = (18 + x) km/h
Time taken to cover upstream distance of
24 km =
24
18 x
136 A M T H E M A T C S I X
Time taken to cover downstream distance of
24 km =
24
18 x +
According to question,
24 24
18 18 x x
+
= 1
24
+ +
1
1
]
2
18 18
324
x x
x
= 1
48x = 324 x
2
x
2
+ 48x 324 = 0
x
2
+ 54x 6x 324 = 0
x(x + 54) 6(x + 54) = 0
(x 6) (x + 54) = 0
x = 6 or x = 54 (Reject)
x = 6 km/h.
OR
Let size of square be x
No. of students in square = x
2
Case I. Total students = x
2
+ 24
Case II. Also total students = (x + 1)
2
25
x
2
+ 24 = (x + 1)
2
25
x
2
+ 24 = x
2
+ 2x + 1 25
2x = 48 x = 24
Number of students = (24)
2
+ 24
= 576 + 24 = 600.
WORKSHEET 2
1. (A) D =
2
( 2 2) 4 2 1 = 8 8 = 0.
2. (C) Two equal and real roots
D= 0
k
2
4 2 3 = 0
k
2
= 4 6
k = 2 6 .
3. (A) x = a must satisfy the given equation
a
2
(a + b)a + k = 0 k = ab.
4. For real and distinct roots,
D > 0
b
2
4ac > 0
16 4k > 0
16 > 4k k < 4.
5. Yes.
(x
2
)(x +
3
) = 0
x
2
+ (
3 2
) x
6
= 0.
6. x =
3 19
5
Hint: 5x
2
6x 2 = 0
x
2

6
5
x =
2
5
Add both side
_

,
2
3
5
and use
a
2
2ab + b
2
= (a b)
2
.
7. D = 0; real and equal roots, x =
1
3
or
1
3
Hint: Discriminant: D = b
2
4ac.
8. Let y =
+ 2 1
x
x
Given equation becomes
1
y
y
+ =
29
10
+
2
1 y
y
=
29
10
10y
2
29y + 10 = 0
10y
2
25y 4y + 10 = 0
5y(2y

5) 2(2y 5) = 0
(5y

2) (2y 5) = 0
y =

2
5
or y =
5
2
If y =
2
5
, then
2 1
x
x +
=
2
5
gives x = 2
If y =
5
2
, then
+ 2 1
x
x
=
5
2
gives x =
5
8
.
9. Yes, length = 40 m and breadth = 20 m
Hint: The situation will be possible if D 0.
OR
Let shorter side = x m
longer side = 30 + x
diagonal =
+ +
2 2
(30 ) x x
137
+ +
2 2
(30 ) x x
= x + 60
Squaring both sides
x
2
+ (30 + x)
2
= (x + 60)
2
x
2
+ 900 + x
2
+ 60x = x
2
+ 3600 + 120x
x
2
60x 2700 = 0
x
2
90x + 30x 2700 = 0
x(x 90) + 30 (x 90) = 0
(x + 30) (x 90) = 0
x = 30 (Rejected)
or x = 90
Shorter side = 90 m
Longer side = 120 m.
WORKSHEET 3
1. (A) For two distinct real roots,
D > 0 b
2
4ac > 0 b
2
> 4ac.
2. (C) Given equation is:
2 5x + 2x
2
= 0
2x
2
5x + 2 = 0
D = (5)
2
4 (2)(2)
D = 9.
3. (D) Since
2
3
and 3 are roots of equation
Sum of roots =
2
3
3 =
7
m
m = 3
Product of roots =
2
3
( 3) =
n
m
n = 6.
4. No, as given equation is:
x
2
+ x + 8 = x
2
4
x 12 = 0
It is a linear equation.
5. False.
x
2
3x + 1 = 0
is an equation with integral coefficients but
its roots are not integers.
6. x =
5
3
, 2
Hint: See Worksheet 1, Sol. 7 for comple-
ting square method.
7. p = 7; k =
7
4
Hint: Put x = 5 in first equation, which
gives p = 7
And p(x
2
+ x) + k = 0 to have equal roots:
D = 0
(p)
2
4 (p)(k) = 0
(7)
2
28k = 0
k =
7
4
.
8. x = 0; 2(a + b)
Hint: Given equation is:
x
2
x (2a + 2b) + 4ab = 4ab
x
2
2x (a + b) = 0.
9. 10, 5
Hint: Quadratic equation is:
1
x
+
1
15 x
=
3
10
2
15
15x x
=
3
10
150 = 45x 3x
2
3x
2
45x + 150 = 0
x
2
15x + 50 = 0.
OR
Let Ist part = x (larger)
2nd part = 16 x (smaller)
(16 x)
2
+ 164 = 2x
2
256 + x
2
32x + 164 = 2x
2
x
2
+ 32x 420 = 0
x
2
+ 42x 10x 420 = 0
x(x + 42) 10 (x + 42) = 0
(x 10) (x + 42) = 0
Larger part = 10
Smaller part = 6.
WORKSHEET 4
1. (D) x = 1 must satisfy both the equations
a + a + 3 = 0 and 1 + 1 + b = 0
a =
3
2
and b = 2
ab = 3.
2. (B) For real and equal roots, D = 0
(4k)
2
4
.
1
.
(k
2
k + 2) = 0
12k
2
+ 4k 8 = 0
3k
2
+ k 2 = 0
(3k 2)(k + 1) = 0
3k 2 = 0 or k + 1 = 0
k =
2
3
or 1.
3. (A) Putting x =
2
3
in the given equation,
we get
3
2
2 2
3 3
p

+

+ 4 = 0
4 + 2p + 12 = 0
p = 8.
4. Yes. As 16x
2
24x 1 = 0
x =
D
2
b
a

=
2
24 (24) +416
216
=
24 576 +64
32
=
24 640
32
=
3 10
4
.
5.
1 33
4

Hint: Divide the equation by 2 and then
add
1
4
on both sides of equation.
6. a = 3, b = 6
Hint: Use sum of roots =
2
coefficient of
coefficient of
x
x
Product of roots =
2
constant term
coefficient of x
7. k = 14
Hint: For real and equal roots:
D= 0
b
2
4ac = 0
Use a = k 12, b = 2(k 12), c = 2.
8. x =
9 57
4
Hint: Given equation can be written as

2x
2
9x + 3 = 0
Quadratic formula is
x =
2
4
2
b b ac
a

.
9. Let unit's digit = x
and ten's digit = y
Original number = 10y + x
Now xy = 16
y =
16
x
...(i)
Also, according to question
10y + x 54 = 10x + y
9y 9x = 54
y x = 6 ...(ii)
Substituting y =
16
x
from (i) to (ii), we get
16
x
x = 6
16 x
2
= 6x
x
2
+ 6x 16 = 0
x
2
+ 8x 2x 16 = 0
(x + 8) (x 2) = 0
y =
16
2
= 8
Number is 82.
139
OR
40 km/h
Hint: Let speed of train = x km/h

360 360
5 x x
+
= 1
WORKSHEET 5
1. (A) For real and equal roots,
D = 0 9k
2
4 4 1 = 0 k =
4
3
.
2. (D) 2(x
2
x) = 3 2x
2
2x 3 = 0
Here, D = 4 + 4 2 3 = 28 > 0.
So roots are real and distinct.
3. (A) Given equation is 2x
2
14x 1 = 0
D = b
2
4ac
D = ( 14)
2
4(2) (1)
= 196 + 8 = 204
x =
14 204
4
=
7 51
2
.
4. No.
We have, x
2
2x + 8 = 0
Put x = 2, we get
( 2)
2
2( 2) + 8 = 0
16 = 0 which is wrong.
Therefore, x = 2 does not satisfy given
equation.
5. True.
D= b
2
4ac
Put b = 0 and a = 1
D= 4c
As c < 0 4c > 0 D > 0
Roots are real
Also, sum of roots =
b
a
= 0
Roots are numerically equal and
opposite in sign.
6. Quadratic equation written as:
(2x)
2
+ 2 (2x)
3
4
+
2 2
3 3
4 4
_ _

, ,
+ 5 = 0
2
3
2
4
x
_
+

,

9
16
+ 5 = 0
2
3
2
4
x
_
+

,
=
71
16
< 0
But
2
3
2
4
x
_
+

,
cannot be negative for any
real value of x. So there is no real value of
x satisfying the given equation. Therefore,
the given equation has no real roots.
7. Let another root be .
Product of roots = 2 =
6
2
=
3
2
Sum of roots =
2
k

3
2
+ 2 =
2
k
k = 1
Thus, k = 1 and another root =
3
2
.
8. Let y =
1
2 1
x
x
Given equation can be written as:
y +
1
y
=
5
2
2y
2
+ 2 = 5y
2y
2
5y + 2 = 0
2y
2
4y y + 2 = 0
2y(y 2) 1 (y 2) = 0
(2y 1) (y 2) = 0
y =
1
2
or y = 2
1
2 1
x
x
=
1
2
or
1
2 1
x
x
= 2
2x 2 = 2x 1 Not possible
or x 1 = 4x 2
1 = 3x
x =
1
3
.
9. 15 hrs or 25 hrs
Hint: Let smaller tap takes x hrs to fill the
tank itself.
Larger tap will take (x 10) hrs to fill
the tank itself.
Given situation can be expressed as:
1
10 x
+
1
x
=
8
75
4x
2
115x + 375 = 0
x =
15
4
(cannot be taken) or 25.
OR
Let one number be x so another number be
15 x.
1 1
15 x x
+ =
3
10
15
(15 )
x x
x x
+
=
3
10
3x(15 x) = 150
15x x
2
= 50
x
2
15x + 50 = 0
x
2
10x 5x + 50 = 0
x(x 10) 5(x 10) = 0
(x 5)(x 10) = 0
x = 5 or x = 10
When x = 5, 15 x = 10;
when x = 10, 15 x = 5
Hence, the numbers are 5 and 10.
WORKSHEET 6
1. (A) x
2
4x + p = 0
For real roots, D 0
(4)
2
4 1 p 0
16 4p 0 4p 16 p 4.
2. (C) For equal roots, D = 0
(6k)
2
4 9 4 = 0
36k
2
= 4 36 k = 2.
3. (B) D = ( )
2
4 3
4 4 3 = 48 48 = 0
Since, the discriminant is zero, therefore,
the given equation has real and equal roots.
4. 5 must satisfy 2x
2
+ px 15 = 0,
i.e., 2 25 5p 15 = 0 p = 7
As p(x
2
+ x) + k = 0, i.e., px
2
+ px + k = 0 has
equal roots,
D = 0 p
2
4pk = 0
But p = 7, (7)
2
4(7) k = 0.
4 7k = 7 7 k =
7
4
.
5. +
2
3 6 6 2 x x x = 0
( ) ( )
3 3 2 2 3 2 x x x = 0
( ) ( )
3 2 3 2 x x
= 0
3 2 x
= 0 or
3 2 x
= 0
x =
2 2
;
3 3
x =
6 6
;
3 3
.
6.
+ +
2
2 2 15 2 x x
= 0
x
2
+
15 1
2 2 2
x + = 0
x
2
+
15
2 2
x =
1
2
.
Add
2
15
4 2
_

,
to both sides,

2
2
15 15

2 2 4 2
x x
_
+ +

,
=
_
+

,
2
1 15
2 4 2
_
+

,
2
15
4 2
x = +
1 15
2 32
=
+ 16 15
32
_
+

,
2
15
4 2
x =
1
32
which is not possible as square of any real

number can't be negative.
No real roots possible.
7. x =
1
2
or
4
3
Hint: Let y =
2 3
1
x
x

1
y
=
1
2 3
x
x
Given equation becomes: y
4
y
= 3
Now solve.
141
8. Let the required number has x as tens digit
of the number.
Given: Product of the digit = 8
Units digit =
8
x
Number = 10x +
8
x
If 63 is subtracted from the number the
digit interchange their places.
10x +
8
x
63 = 10
8
x
+ x
10x +
8
x
63 =
80
x
+ x
9x
72
x
63 = 0
9x
2
63x 72 = 0
x
2
7x 8 = 0
(x + 1)(x 8) = 0
x + 1 = 0, x 8 = 0
x = 1, x = 8
Reject x = 1 x = 8
Required number = 10 8 +
8
8
= 81.
9. 60 km/hr
Hint: Let speed of express train = x km/h
Speed of another train = (x 12) km/h
240 240
12 x x
= 1
Now solve.
WORKSHEET 7
1. (D) x(px + 6) = 1 px
2
+ 6x + 1 = 0
For real and distinct roots, D > 0
6
2
4 p 1 > 0 p < 9.
2. (C) D = ( 2)
2
4
4 3
3 4
_ _

, ,
= 4 4 = 0.
3. (D) For equal roots, D = 0
k
2
4 4 9 = 0 k = 12.
4. For no real roots, D < 0
(5m)
2
4 1 16 < 0
25m
2
< 64 m
2
<
64
25
m
2
<
2
8
5
_

,

8
5
< m <
8
5
.
5.
2
3 9 2 6 3 x x x + + +
= 0
( ) ( )
3 3 3 2 3 3 x x x + + + = 0
( ) ( )
+ + 3 2 3 3 x x = 0
x =
2
3
or x = 3 3 .
6.
5
x
2
+ 9x + 4
5
= 0
Dividing both sides by
5
to get
x
2
+
9
5
x + 4 = 0
Adding
2
9
2 5
_

,
to both sides to get
x
2
+
9
5
x + 4 +
2 2
9 9
2 5 2 5
_ _

, ,
x
2
+
9
5
x +
2
9 81
20 2 5
_

,
4

2 2
9 1
2 5 2 5
x
_ _
+

, ,

2 2
9 1
2 5 2 5
x
_ _
+

, ,
= 0
9 1 9 1
2 5 2 5 2 5 2 5
x x
_ _
+ + +

, ,
= 0
x = 5 ,
4
5
.
7. 13, 15
Hint: Two consecutive odd numbers are of
type 2x + 1, 2x + 3
(2x + 1)
2
+ (2x + 3)
2
= 394.
Now solve.
8. Let y =
+ 1
x
x
Given equation becomes
2y
2
5y + 2 = 2
D = b
2
4ac
D = 25 4 (2) (2)
= 25 16 = 9
y =
D
2
b
a

y =
5 9
4
=
5 3
4
= 2,
1
2

+
2
1
x
x
or
+
1
1 2
x
x
x = 2x + 2 or 2x = x + 1
x = 2 or x = 1.
9. Let the present ages (in years) of father
and son be x and y respectively.
x = y
2
... (i)
1 year ago, fathers age = (x 1) years and
sons age = (y 1) years.
According to the question,
x 1 = 8(y 1)
x 8y + 7 = 0 ... (ii)
Substituting the value of x from equation (i)
in equation (ii), we have
y
2
8y + 7 = 0
(y 1)(y 7) = 0
y = 1 or 7
Case I. If y =1 year
1 year ago, sons age = 1 1 = 0
So, 1 year ago the father could not 8 times
as old as his son.
Case II. If y = 7 years
1 year ago, sons age = 7 1 = 6 years
So, 1 year ago, the father was 8 6 = 48
years old.
x = y
2
= 7
2
= 49
Hence, present ages of the father and the
son are 49 years and 7 years.
OR
Let number of books purchased = x
Cost of 1 book =
80
x
80
x

+
80
4 x
= 1
80
1 +
1
+
]
4
( 4)
x x
x x
= 1
320 = x
2
+ 4x
x
2
+ 4x 320 = 0
x
2
+ 20x 16x 320 = 0
x (x + 20) 16 (x + 20) = 0
(x 16) (x + 20) = 0
Number of books = 16.
WORKSHEET 8
1. (C)
Hint: Discriminant is: D = b
2
4ac.
2. (B) For equal and real roots, D = 0.
( 5)
2
4
.
k
.
k = 0 4k
2
= 25 k =
5
2
.
3. (D) 4 must satisfy x
2
+ px 4 = 0
p = 3 ... (i)
x
2
+ px + q = 0 has equal roots
p
2
4q = 0 ... (ii)
From (i) and (ii), we have p = 3, q =
9
4
.
4. No.
LHS =
+
2
4(3) 14(3) 16
=
+ 36 42 16
=
10
RHS =
+ 9 12 3
+
9 9
= 0
As LHS RHS x = 3 is not a root.
5.
+
2
5 5 4 4 5 z z z
= 0
( ) ( )
5 5 4 5 z z z = 0
( ) ( )
5 4 5 z z = 0
z =
4
5
or z =
5
.
6. 4x
2
+ 4 3 x + 3 = 0
Divide both sides by 4.
x
2
+
3x
+
3
4
= 0
143
Area (A
1
) of 1st square = x
2
Area (A
2
) of 2nd square = y
2
Perimeter of 1st square = 4x
Perimeter of 2nd square = 4y
x
2
+ y
2
= 468; 4x 4y = 24 ...(i)
x = 6 + y ...(ii)
Use (ii) in (i)
(6 + y)
2
+ y
2
= 468
36 + y
2
+ 12y + y
2
= 468
2y
2
+ 12y 432 = 0
y
2
6y 216 = 0
y
2
+ 18y 12y 216 = 0
y(y + 18) 12(y + 18) = 0
(y 12)(y + 18) = 0
y = 18 or y = 12
Reject y = 18 y = 12
x = 18 m; y = 12 m.
WORKSHEET9
1. (D) For equal roots, D = 0
b
2
4ac = 0 c =
2
4
b
a
.
2. (C) Sum of roots =
1
l
l + m = l
m = 0 and l can take any real value,
e.g., m = 0, l = 2.
Product of roots =
1
m
lm = m
m(l 1) = 0 m = 0, l = 1.
3. (C) For real roots: D 0
b
2
4ac 0
k
2
4(5)(5) 0
k
2
100 0
(k 10) (k + 10) 0
k 10 or k 10.
4. Yes, (x + 2)
3
= x(x
2
1)
x
3
+ 2
3
+ 3(x + 2)2x = x
3
x
x
3
+ 8 + 6x
2
+ 12x = x
3
x
6x
2
+ 13x + 8 = 0
which is a quadratic equation.
x
2
+ 3x +
3
4
+
2
3
2
_

,

2
3
2
_

,
= 0
2
2
3 3 3
3
2 4 4
x x
1
_
_
1
+ + +

, ,
]
= 0
2
3 3 3
0
2 2 2
x x x
_ _ _
+ + +

, , ,
= 0
x =
3 3
,
2 2
.
7. x =
5
2
,
3
2
Hint: Let y =
+1
x
x
.
8. 6 km/hr
Hint: Let the speed of stream = x km/hr
24 24
18 18 x x
+
= 1 x = 6.
9. Let the usual speed of the plane be
u km/h. Let the usual time of flight be
t hours.
Distance = Time Speed
1600 = t u ... (i)
1600 =
40
60
t
_

,
(u + 400)
1600 = tu + 400t
2
3
u
800
3
... (ii)
From equations (i) and (ii), we have
400
1600 2 800
3 3
u
u
= 0
u
2
+ 400u 960000 = 0
u
2
+ 1200u 800u 960000 = 0
(u + 1200)(u 800) = 0
u = 1200 or u = 800
Since, speed in negative sign is not possible
Speed = 800 km/h.
OR
Let side of 1st square = x
and side of 2nd square = y
Let x > y
5.
2
3 10 7 3 0 x x + +
x
2
+
10
3
x + 7 = 0
2
5 25
3 3
x
_
+

,
+ 7 = 0
2 2
5 2
3 3
x
_ _
+

, ,
= 0
5 2 5 2
3 3 3 3
x x
_ _
+ + +

, ,
= 0
x =
7
, 3
3
.
6. D = (8ab)
2
4(3a
2
)(4b
2
)
= 64a
2
b
2
48a
2
b
2
= 16a
2
b
2
= (4ab)
2
0
x =
D
2
b
a

=
2
8 4
2 3
ab ab
a

=
2
12
6
ab
a

or

2
4
6
ab
a
x =
2b
a

or x =
2
3
b
a
.
7. p = 14
Hint: For real and equal roots
D= 0
Take a = p 12
b = 2(p 12)
c = 2
b
2
4ac = 0.
8. x =

2 or 1
Hint: Given equation is:
(4 3x) (2x + 3) = 5x
8x + 12 6x
2
9x = 5x
6x
2
+ 6x 12 = 0
x
2
+ x 2 = 0.
9. Son = 2 years; Father = 22 years
Hint: Let boy's present age = x
Father's present age = 24 x
1
4
x. (24 x) = x + 9
Now solve.
OR
Let the usual speed and time of journey be
u km/h and t hours respectively
Time =
Distance
Speed
t =
360
u
... (i)
But new speed = (u + 5) km/h and
time = (t 1) hours
Then, t 1 =
360
5 u +
... (ii)
Subtracting equation (ii) from (i) to get
1 = 360
1 1
5 u u
_

,
+
u(u + 5) = 5 360
u
2
+ 5u 1800 = 0
u =
5 25 + 4 1 1800
2 1

u =
5 85
2

u =

45 or u = 40
Neglecting u =

45 due to negative value,
hence u = 40 km/h.
WORKSHEET10
1. (A) For no real roots D < 0
b
2
4ac < 0 25p
2
64 < 0
25p
2
< 64 p

<
8
5

8 8
5 5
p
< <
.
2. (B) For equal roots, D = 0
2
2
(k 12)
2
4(k 12) 2 = 0
4(k 12)(k 12 2) = 0
k = 12 or k = 14
But k 12 0 as it is the coefficient of x
2
.
Hence, k = 14.
145
3. (B) For perfect square, D= 0
[4( 3)]
2
4( 3)(4) = 0
16( 3)
2
16( 3) = 0
16( 3) ( 3 1)] = 0
= 3 (Reject) or = 4
Required value is = 4.
4. Given equation is: 2x
2
4x + 3 = 0
Here a = 2, b = 4, c = 3
D = b
2
4ac = ( 4)
2
4
.
2
.
3
= 16 24 = 8 < 0.
As D < 0, so the given equation has no real
root.
5. Yes.
Given equation is
(2x + 5)(5x 3) = 16x
2
3
10x
2
6x + 25x 15 = 16x
2
3
6x
2
19x + 12 = 0
Therefore, given equation is quadratic
equation.
6. Let the Shefalis marks in Mathematics be
x and marks of English be (30 x)
(x + 2)(30 x 3) = 210
27x x
2
+ 54 2x = 210
x
2
25x + 156 = 0
x
2

12x 13x + 156 = 0
x(x 12) 13(x 12) = 0
(x 12)(x 13) = 0
(x 12) = 0, (x 13) = 0
x = 12, x = 13
30 x = 18, 17.
Thus, marks in Mathematics and in English
are 12 and 18 or 13 and 17 respectively.
7.
1 1
3
2 x x
=

2
( 2)
x x
x x

= 3
3x(x 2) =

2 3x
2
6x =

2
3x
2
6x + 2 = 0
x =
6 36 4 3 2
2 3

x =
6 12
2 3
x =
6 2 3
2 3
x =
3 3
3
.
8. D = b
2
4ac
= [3(a
2
+ b
2
)]
2
4(9)(a
2
b
2
)
= 9(a
2
+ b
2
)
2
36a
2
b
2
= 9a
4
+ 9b
4
+ 18a
2
b
2
36a
2
b
2
= 9a
4
+ 9b
4
18a
2
b
2
= (3a
2
3b
2
)
2
0
x =
2 2 2 2
D 3( ) 3( )
2 29
b a b a b
a
+
=
x =
2
6
18
a
or x =
2
6
18
b
x =
2
3
a
or x =
2
3
b
.
9. Let the breadth of the rectangular park be
b metres.
Then its length = (b + 3) metres
Area of the rectangular park = b(b + 3) sq. m
Area of the triangular park
=
1
2

base altitude
=
1
2
b 12
= 6b
Now,
area of rectangular park area of triangular
park = 4
b(b + 3) 6b = 4
b
2
+ 3b 6b 4 = 0
b
2
3b 4 = 0
(b 4)(b + 1) = 0 b = 1, 4
Reject b = 1 as breadth is not possible in
negative.
b = 4 m and b + 3 = 7 m
Hence, length = 7 m and breadth = 4 m.
OR
Let first number be x and second number
be x + 4.
1 1
4 x x
+
=
4
21
4
( 4)
x x
x x
+
+
=
4
21
2
4
4 x x +
=
4
21
2
1
4 x x +
=
1
21
x
2
+ 4x 21 = 0
x
2
+ 7x 3x 21 = 0
x(x + 7) 3(x + 7) = 0
x

= 3 or x = 7.
Reject x = 7
First number = 3
Second number = 7.
WORKSHEET 11
1. (A) We have, kx
2
2kx + 6 = 0
For real, equal roots D = 0
4k
2
24k = 0
4k(k 6) = 0
k

= 0 or k = 6
k

= 6.
2. (D)
Hint: D = b
2
4ac.
3. (B) If x = 2 is a root of the equation, then
k( 2)
2
+ 5( 2) 3k = 0 k 10 = 0
k = 10.
4. Yes.
At x =
2
3
, 9x
2
3x 2 = 9
2
2
3
_

,
3
2
3
_

,
2
= 4 4 = 0
At x =
1
3
, 9x
2
3x 2 = 9
2
1
3
_

,
3
1
3
_

,
2
= 2 2 = 0
Clearly, both the values of x =
2 1
,
3 3
_

,
satisfy the equation 9x
2
3x 2 = 0, so,
x =
2 1
,
3 3
_

,
are the roots of it.
5. Consider, + = 4
2
3
+ = 4
= 2 + 3
Equation is: (x 2 + 3 ) (x 2 3 ) = 0
(x 2)
2

( )
2
3
= 0
x
2
+ 4 4x 3 = 0
x
2
4x + 1 = 0.
6.
+

1 2 4
( 2)( 1)
x x
x x
=
6
x
(3x 5)x = 6 (x
2
3x + 2)
3x
2
5x = 6x
2
18x + 12
3x
2
13x + 12 = 0
3x
2
9x 4x + 12 = 0
3x(x 3) 4(x 3) = 0
(3x 4) (x 3) = 0
x =
4
3
or x = 3.
7. Discriminant for 3 x
2
+ 10x 8 3 = 0 is
given by
D = 10
2
4 3 ( 8 3 )
= 100 + 96 = 196
D > 0
As D > 0, the given equation has real roots.
Now, x =
10 196 10 14
2 3 2 3

x = 4 3 ,
2
3
Thus, the given equation has real roots
which are 4 3 and
2
3
.
8. Let P's obtained marks in Mathematics
be x then obtained marks in Science be
(28 x).
Consider the question,
Ps new marks in Mathematics = (x + 3)
and Ps new marks in Science = (28 x 4)
= (24 x)
Product of new marks = 180
(x + 3)(24 x) = 180
24x x
2
+ 72 3x = 180
x
2
21x + 108 = 0
x
2
12x 9x + 108 = 0
x(x 12) 9 (x 12) = 0
147
(x 9)(x 12) = 0
x 9 = 0, x 12 = 0
x = 9, x = 12
If x = 9; 28 x = 19, so, marks obtained in
Mathematics and Science are 9 and 19
respectively.
If x = 12; 28 x = 16, so, marks obtained in
Mathematics and Science are 12 and 16
respectively.
OR
Let the sides of the two squares be a and b.
Now, sum of areas = 640
a
2
+ b
2
= 640 ... (i)
Difference of perimeters = 64
4a 4b = 64
a b = 16
b = a 16 ... (ii)
a
2
+ (a 16)
2
= 640
2a
2
32a 384 = 0
a
2
16a 192 = 0
a
2
24a + 8a 192 = 0
(a 24)(a + 8) = 0
a = 24 or a = 8
Rejecting a = 8 (negative length),
.
.
.
a = 24 m
Using equation (ii), b = 8 m.
Hence, sides of the two squares are 24 m
and 8 m.
9. 3 hr 30 min.
Hint: Let average speed = x km/h
Distance = 2800 km
Original time (duration) =
2800
x
New time =
2800
100 x

2800
100 x

2800
x
=
1
2
Now solve.
WORKSHEET12
1. (A) Let x =
12 12 12 .... + + +
...(i)
x = 12 x +
[Using equation (i)]
x
2
= 12 + x (Squaring)
x
2
x 12 = 0
x = 4, 3 (Reject) x = 4.
{

2b(a + c)}
2
4(a
2
+ b
2
)(b
2
+ c
2
) = 0
4a
2
b
2
+ 4b
2
c
2
+ 8ab
2
c 4a
2
b
2
4c
2
a
2
4b
4
4b
2
c
2
= 0
b
4
2ab
2
c + c
2
a
2
= 0 (b
2
ca)
2
= 0
b
2
= ac.
3. () =
( )
2
4 +
=
( ) ( )
2
2 4 1
= 0.
4.
2 6 p
or 2 6 p
Hint: Use D 0
i.e., b
2
4ac 0.
5. D = p
2
4 1 2q = p
2
8q
q < 0 8q < 0 8q > 0 ...(i)
Further p
2
0 ...(ii)
Adding equation (i) and (ii) to get
p
2
8q > 0 D > 0 Real and distinct
roots.
6. 4x
2
+ 4bx (a
2
b
2
) = 0
x
2
+ bx
1
4
(a
2
b
2
) = 0
x
2
+ bx +
2 2
1
4 4 4
b b
(a
2
b
2
) = 0
2
2
b
x
_
+

,

2
2
a
_

,
= 0
2 2 2 2
b a b a
x x
_ _
+ + +

, ,
= 0
[ A
2
B
2
= (A + B)(A B)]
2 2
a b a b
x x
+ _ _
+

, ,
= 0
x = , .
2 2
a b a b +
7. Hint: D = 0
.
.
.
b
2
4ac = 0
(c a)
2
4(b c) (a b) = 0
(c + a 2b)
2
= 0
c + a = 2b

200 200
5 l l
+
= 2 (Accordingly question)
200
5
( 5)
l l
l l
+
+
= 2 l
2
+ 5l 500 = 0
l
2
+ 25l 20l 500 = 0
(l 20)(l + 25) = 0
l = 20 (Rejecting l =

25)
Rate =
200
20
= ` 10.
Hence, the original length of the piece is
20 m and its original rate is ` 10 per metre.
WORKSHEET13
1. (D) For real roots, D 0
( 3p)
2
4 4 9 0 9p
2
4 4 9
p 4 or p 4.
2. (A) x =
5
2
must satisfy 2x
2
8x m = 0
2
2
5 5
8
2 2
_ _

, ,
m = 0 m =
15
2
.
3. (A) Let y =
6 6 6 6 .... . + + + +
y = 6 y + y
2
y 6 = 0
(y 3) (y + 2) = 0
y = 3 or 2 (Reject).
4. 5x
2
+ (3p + 2)x + 15 = 0
Putting x = 5, we have
5 25 + (3p + 2) 5 + 15 = 0
125 + 15p + 10 + 15 = 0
15p = 150
p = 10.
5. 4x
2
+ 4 3x +3

=

0

x
2
+ 3x +
3
4
= 0
x
2
+
3x
+
2 2
3 3 3
+
2 2 4
_ _

, ,
= 0

2
3
2
x
_
+

,
= 0 x +
3
2
= 0
x =
3
2
.
b =
2
a c +
.
8.
+ + +
+ +
2 2 2
( 1)( 2)
x x
x x
=
+
4
4 x
(3x + 4)(x + 4) = 4 (x
2
+ 3x + 2)
3x
2
+ 12x + 4x + 16 = 4x
2
+ 12x + 8
x
2
4x 8 = 0
x =
+ 4 16 32
2
x =
4 48
2
= 2 2 3 .
9. Let 1st pipe fill cistern in x min
and 2nd pipe fill cistern in (x + 3) min.
The part of cistern filled by 1st pipe in
1 min =
1
x
.
The part of cistern filled by 2nd pipe in
1 min =
+
1
3 x
.
+
+
1 1
3 x x
=
13
40
2
3
3
x x
x x
+ +
+
=
13
40
80x + 120 = 13x
2
+ 39x
13x
2
41x 120 = 0
13x
2
65x + 24x 120 = 0
13x (x 5) + 24(x 5) = 0
(13x + 24) (x 5) = 0
x

=
24
13
(Rejected), x = 5
Required time = 5 min, 8 min.
OR
Let the original length of the piece be
l metres.
Cost
Length
= Rate
149
6. D= b
2
4ac
= (
3
+ 1)
2
4(1)(
3
)
= 3 + 1 + 2 3 4 3
= 4 2 3
= (
3 1
)
2
> 0
x =
D
2
b
a

x =
( )
3 1 3 1
2
+
x = 3, 1.
7. 2x
2
+ 5x 4 = 0
+ =
5
2
; . = 2
(a) +

=
2 2
+
=
( )
2
.
+ 2
=
2
5
4
2
2
_
+

,
=
41
8
.
(b)
3
+
3
= (

+ )
3
3 (

+ )
=

_
+

,
125 5
6
8 2
=
125 120
8
=
245
8
.
8. Given equation is
2 2
2 2
2 2
6
2 2
x x
x x
+
+
+
= 5 ... (i)
Putting y =
2
2
2
2
x
x
+
so that
2
2
1 2
2
x
y
x
+
,
equation (i) reduces to
y +
6
y
= 5 y
2
5y + 6 = 0
(y 3)(y 2) = 0 y = 2 or 3
Case I. If y = 2
2
2
2
2
x
x
+
= 2 x
2
+ 2 = 4x
2
8
3x
2
= 10 x =
10
3
Case II. If y = 3
2
2
2
2
x
x
+
= 3 x
2
+ 2 = 9x
2
18
8x
2
= 20 x =
5
2
Hence, x =
10 5
,
3 2
.
9. 25 min and 20 min.
Hint: Use: +
+
1 1
5 x x
=
9
100
.
OR
750 km/hr
Hint: Use: =
1500 1500
250 x x
+
=
1
2
where x = usual speed.
WORKSHEET 14
4(a
2
c
2
+ b
2
d
2
+ 2abcd) 4(a
2
c
2
+ a
2
d
2
+ b
2
c
2
+ b
2
d
2
) = 0
8abcd = 4(a
2
d
2
+ b
2
c
2
)
a
2
d
2
+ b
2
c
2
2abcd = 0
(ad bc)
2
= 0 ad = bc.
2. (D) For no real roots, D < 0
k
2
4 1 1 < 0 k
2
2
2
< 0
(k 2)(k + 2) < 0 2 < k < 2.
3. (A) Let us find the discriminant of equation
x
2
4x + 3 2 = 0.
D = ( 4)
2
4 1 3 2 = 16 12 2
= 16 16.97
D < 0.
Therefore, x
2
4x + 3 2 has no real roots.
4. Given equation is:
x
2
+ ax 4 = 0
D = b
2
4ac
= a
2
4( 4)
= a
2
+ 16 > 0
As D > 0, two real and distinct roots exist.
5. Let the required whole number be x.
x 20 = 69
1
x
x
2
20x = 69
x
2
20x 69 = 0
x
2
(23 3)x 23 3 = 0
(x 23)(x + 3) = 0
x = 23 or x =

3
But

3 is not a whole number
x = 23.
6. x =
2
3
a b +
,
2
3
a b +
Hint: See solved example 5(ii).
7. (x 5) (x 6) =
2
25
(24)
x
2
11x =
2
25
(24)
30
Add
2
11
2
_

,
to both sides.
x
2
11x +
_

,
2
11
2
=
2
25
(24)
30 +
2
11
2
_

,

,
2
11
2
x =
2
25
(24)
30 +
121
4
=
2
25
(24)
+
1
4
=
25 144
576
+
=
_

,
2
13
24
x
11
2
=
13
24
.
x =
11
2

13
24
x =
132 13
24
x =
145
24
;
119
24
x =
1
6
24
;
23
4
24
.
8. Let the tap of larger diameter takes x hours
to fill the tank. Therefore, the other tap will
take (x + 10) hours to fill the same tank.
The tap of larger diameter will fill the tank
1
x
part in one hour and the other one will
fill
1
10 x +
part in the same time.
1 1
10 x x
+
+
=
1
3
9
8
2 10
( 10)
x
x x
+
+
=
8
75
4x
2
35x 375 = 0
4x
2
60x + 25x 375 = 0
4x(x 15) + 25(x 15) = 0
x = 15,
25
4
Rejecting x =
25
4
hours due to negative
time, we have
x = 15 hours and x + 10 = 25 hours.
Hence the tap of larger diameter and of
smaller diameter can separately fill the tank
in 15 hrs and 25 hrs respectively.
OR
7 m, 4 m
Hint: See Worksheet 10, Sol. 9.
9.
1 1
a b x x
+ +
=
1 1
a b
+
( )
x a b x
x a b x

+ +
=
b a
ab
+
ab = x (a + b) + x
2
x
2
+ x (a + b) + ab = 0
(x + a) (x + b) = 0
x = a or b.
OR
Hint: D = 4a(a
3
+ b
3
+ c
3
3abc)
D = 0
a = 0 or a
3
+ b
3
+ c
3
= 3abc.
151
WORKSHEET 15
1. (C) For real roots, D 0
( k)
2
4 5 1 0 k
2
20
k
20
or k
20
.
2. (A) 3(2)
2
2p(2) + 2q = 0
and 3(3)
2
2p(3) + 2q = 0
4p 2q = 12 and 6p 2q = 27
p =
15
2
, q = 9.
3. (B) D =
( )
2
4 3
4 3 4.
= 48 48 = 0
Two roots are real and equal.
4. False.
There can be quadratic equation which have
no real roots e.g. x
2
+ 2x + 7 = 0; This equation
has no real roots because D = 24 < 0.
5. No.
Let their ages be x years and y years.
Then x + y = 20 ... (i)
And (x 4)(y 4) = 48 ... (ii)
Consider equation (ii).
xy = 112 ... (iii )
From equations (i) and (iii), we have
x
2
20x + 112 = 0
Here, D < 0
Hence, the given situation is not possible.
6. D = b
2
4ac
= 16a
4
4(4) (a
4
b
4
)
= 16a
4
16a
4
+ 16b
4
= (4b
2
)
2
0
x =
D
2
b
a

=
2 2
4 4
2 4
a b
x =
2 2
2
a b +
;
2 2
2
a b
.
7. ( 3) x
2
+ 4 ( 3) = 4
( 3) x
2
+ 4( 3) 4 = 0 ... (i)
Since equation (i) has real and equal roots,
Discriminant (D) = 0
b
2
4ac = 0
a = 3, b = 0,
c = 4 ( 3) 4 = 4 ( 4)
D = 0 4( 3) 4 ( 4) = 0
= 3 or = 4
But 3, i.e., 3 0, as ( 3) is the
constant of the leading term.
Hence, = 4.
8. Yes; 5 m and 12 m
Hint: Let distance of pole P from gate B be
x m and from A, (x + 7) m.
Therefore, x
2
+ (x + 7)
2
= 13
2
Now solve.
OR
Let the snake is caught at a distance of x m
from the pillar base
From figure, AC
2
= 9
2
+ x
2
(Using Pythagoras Theorem)
and CD = 27 x.
Since their speed are same so,
AC = CD ( Distance covered will be
equal in equal time)
AC
2
= CD
2
81 + x
2
= (27 x)
2
81 + x
2
= 729 + x
2
54x
54x = 648
x = 12m.
4. Yes.
(x 1)
3
= x
3
2x + 1
x
3
1 + 3x(1)(x 1) = x
3
2x + 1
x
3
1 3x
2
+ 3x = x
3
2x + 1
3x
2
5x + 2 = 0
That is a quadratic equation.
5. (2x 1) (x + 7) = 9
2x
2
+ 14x x 7 = 9
2x
2
+ 13x 16 = 0
D = 169 4 (2) (16)
= 169 + 128
= 297
x =
13 297
4

.
6. 4x
2
2(a
2
+ b
2
) + a
2
b
2
= 0
Here, A = 4, B = 2(a
2
+ b
2
) and C = a
2
b
2
Now,
x =
2
B B 4AC
2A

=
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2( ) 4( ) 44
24
a b a b a b + +
=
2 2 4 4 2 2 2 2
2( ) 2 2 4
2 4
a b a b a b a b + + +
=
2 2 2 2 2
( )
4
a b a b +
=
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
,
4 4
a b a b a b a b + + + +
x =
2 2
,
2 2
a b
.
7. k =
10
9
or k = 2
Hint: Put D = b
2
4ac = 0
Take a = 1, b = 2(1 + 3k)
c = 7(3 + 2k).
8. 81
Hint: See Worksheet 6, Sol. 8.
9. x
2
+
+
a
x
a b
+ 1
a b
x
a
+
+ = 0
x +
+
a
x
a
b
_

,
+
+ a b
a

a
x
a b
_
+

,
+
= 0
a b
x
a
+ _
+

,
a
x
a b
_
+

+
,
= 0
x =
a
a b
+
or
a b
a
+
OR
4x
2
+ 4bx = a
2
b
2
x
2
+ bx =
2 2
4
a b
x
2
+ bx +
_

,
2
2
b
=
2 2
4
a b
+
2
4
b
_
+

,
2
2
b
x
=
2
4
a
+
2
b
x =
2
a
x =
2
b a
.
WORKSHEET 16
1. (C) For real and equal roots, D = 0.
(4k)
2
4 12 3 = 0
16(k
2
3
2
) = 0
(k 3)(k + 3) = 0
k = 3.
2. (B) + =
2
1
and = 3
( + 2) + ( + 2) = 2 + 4
and ( + 2)( + 2) = + 2( + ) + 4
= 3 + 2 (2) + 4
S = 6 and P = 5
Required equation: x
2
Sx + P = 0,
i.e., x
2
6x + 5 = 0.
3. (B) (b)
2
(a + b) b + p = 0
b
2
ab b
2
+ p = 0
p = ab.
153
OR
25 students
Hint: Let the number of students attended
picnic = x
Per head contribution =
500
x
500 500
5 x x
= 5
5
500
( 5)
x x
x x
+ 1
1
]
= 5
500 = x
2
5x
x
2
5x 500 = 0.
9.
2 1 3 9
3 2 3 ( 3)(2 3)
x x
x x x x
+
+ +
+ +
= 0
2 (2 3) 3 (3 9)
( 3)(2 3)
x x x x
x x
+ + + +
+
= 0
2
4 10 6
( 3)(2 3)
x x
x x
+ +
+
= 0
2x
2
+ 5x + 3 = 0
2x
2
+ 3x + 2x + 3 = 0
(2x + 3)(x + 1) = 0
x = 1,
3
2
But x
3
2
. Therefore, x = 1.
OR
The given quadratic equation is
x
2
( )
2 1 2 x + +
= 0
Here, a = 1, b =

( )
2 1 +
, c =
2
Now, x =
2
4
2
b b ac
a

=
2 1 2 1 2 2 4 2
2
+ + +
=
2 1 2 2 2 1
2
+ +
=
( )
2
2 1 2 1
2
+
=
2 1 2 1
2
+ +
,
2 1 2 1
2
+ +
=
2 2 2
,
2 2
x = 2, 1
Hence, the required roots are
2
and 1.
WORKSHEET 17
1. (A) Let roots be and such that
=
3 2
3
+
and =
3 2
3
.
Required equation would be
x
2
( + )x + = 0
x
2
2x +
7
9
= 0
9x
2
18x + 7 = 0.
2. (B)
2
+
2
4 = (+)
2
6
=
2
5
2
_

,
6 ( 2) =
25
4
+ 12 =
73
4
.
3. (D) Given equation is:
+ +
+
2 1 1
( 1) (2 1)
x x
x x
= 3
x = 2x
2
x 1
2x
2
2x

1 = 0
D = ( 2)
2
4 2 ( 1) = 12.
4.

12 < k < 12
Hint: D < 0
k
2
144 < 0
(k 12) (k + 12) < 0
12 < k < 12.
5. D = 0
(11 + m)
2
4(3m + 1)(9) = 0
121 + m
2
+ 22m 108m 36 = 0
m
2
86m + 85 = 0
m
2
85m m + 85 = 0
m(m

85) 1(m 85) = 0
m = 1 or m = 85.
6.
2 2
2 2
3 4
,
a b
a b
Hint: Use x =
2
B B 4AC
2A

7. Let the triangle be ABC.
AC = 50 cm ...(i)
AB + BC + AC
= 112 cm ...(ii)
AB + BC = 62 cm ... (iii)
Using Pythagoras theorem in ABC,
we have
AC
2
= AB
2
+ BC
2
... (iv)
From equations (i), (iii) and (iv), we have
(50)
2
= AB
2
+ (62 AB)
2
2AB
2
124AB + 3844 2500 = 0
AB
2
62AB + 672 = 0
AB
2
48AB 14AB + 672 = 0
(AB 48)(AB 14) = 0
AB = 48 cm or AB = 14 cm
BC = 14 cm or BC = 48 cm
[Using (iii)]
Now, ar(ABC) =
1
2
14 48
= 336 cm
2
.
8.
4 3 x
=
+ 6 2 3 x
Squaring both sides,
4x 3 = 36 + 2x + 3 + 12 2 3 x
2x 42 = + 12 2 3 x
x 21 = + 6 2 3 x
Again, squaring both sides, we get,
x
2
+ 441 42x = 36(2x + 3)
x
2
+ 441 42x = 72x + 108
x
2
114x + 333 = 0
x
2
111x 3x + 333 = 0
x(x 111) 3(x 111) = 0
(x 3)(x 111) = 0
x = 3 or x = 111 (Reject).
9. Let required number of soldiers in each
row be x.
When the number of soldiers in each row
is 2 more than the total number of rows,
Number of soldiers in each row = x
and number of rows = x 2
Therefore, total number of soldiers
= x(x 2) ... (i)
When total number of rows are doubled,
number of soldiers in each row
= x 7
and number of rows = 2(x 2)
Therefore, total number of soldiers
= 2(x 2)(x 7) ... (ii)
According to the question, we arrive
equation (ii) equation (i) = 160
2(x 2)(x 7) x(x 2) = 160
x
2
16x 132 = 0
x
2
22x + 6x 132 = 0
(x + 6)(x 22) = 0
x = 6, 22
Negative value of x cannot be taken, so
required number of soliders is 22 in each
row.
OR
2
5
.
Hint:
+
+
+
2 1 29
2 1 10
x x
x x
8x
2
11x 10 = 0
x = 2 or
5
8
.
WORKSHEET18
1. ()

5 is a root of 2x
2
+ px 15 = 0
2(5)
2
+p (5) 15 = 0
p = 7
p(x
2
+ x) + k = 0
7x
2
+ 7x + k = 0
For equal roots, D= 0
49 28k = 0
k =
7
4
.
2. (A) D = b
2
4ac
= ( 6)
2
4
7
( 13
7
)
= 36 + 364 = 400.
155
3. (A) For no real roots, D < 0.
25k
2
64 < 0 k
2

2
8
5
_

,
< 0

8
5
< k <
8
5
.
4. The given equation is a perfect square, if
D = 0.
(2p + 4)
2
4(4 p)(8p + 1) = 0
4p
2
+ 16p + 16 + 32p
2
124p 16 = 0
36p
2
108p = 0
p(p 3) = 0 p = 0 or 3.
5. No.
If x = 3 is a solution of x
2
+ 2
2x
+ 3 = 0
x = 3 satisfies it.
So, LHS =
( )
2
3 + 2 2 ( ) 3 + 3
= 3 2 6 + 3 = 6
2 6
0
Hence, x = 3 is not a solution of the
given equation.
6. x =
2
2
q
p
, 1
Hint: D = b
2
4ac
= (p
2
q
2
)
2
4 p
2
(

q)
2
= (p
2
+ q
2
)
2
x =
D
2
b
a

.
7. If the quadratic equation
x
2
+ (4x + 1) + 2 = 0, that is x
2
+ 4x +
2
+ 2 = 0 has real and equal roots, then
D = 0. i.e., b
2
4ac = 0
Here, a = 1, b = 4, c = (
2
+ 2)
(4)
2
4 1 (
2
+ 2) = 0
16
2
4
2
+ 4 8 = 0
12
2
+ 4 8 = 0
3
2
+ 2 = 0
3
2
+ 3 2 2 = 0
( + 1)(3 2) = 0
+ 1 = 0, 3 2 = 0
= 1,
2
3
.
8. x = 3, 1, 1 2
Hint:
Let y = x
2
2x
Given equation becomes y
2
4y + 3 = 0.
9.
5
8
Hint: Let numerator = x
Denominator = x + 3
Fraction =
+ 3
x
x
+
+ +
1
4 3
x x
x x
=
1
24
.
OR
84
Hint: Let unit's place = x
ten's place = y
Original number = 10y + x
10y + x = 7(y + x) ... (i)
and 10y + x = 3(xy) 12 ... (ii)
Substitute the value of y from (i) to (ii) and
solve.
WORKSHEET 19
1. (C) S = 8 + 2 10 = a a = 10
(For 1st eqn.)
P = 3 3 9 = b b = 9 (For 2nd eqn.)
x
2
10x + 9 = 0 x = 9, 1.
2. (A) For equal roots, D = 0.
64k
2
4 9 16 = 0 k = 3.
3. No.
At x = 1, x
2
+ x + 1 = 1
2
+ 1 + 1 = 3 0
At x = 1, x
2
+ x + 1 = ( 1)
2
1 + 1 = 1 0
Hence, neither x = 1 nor x = 1 is a solution
of the equation x
2
+ x + 1 = 0.
4.
a b
x a x b
+

2c
x c

( )( )
ax ab bx ab
x a x b
+

=
2c
x c
(ax + bx 2ab)(x c)
= 2c(x
2
ax bx + ab)
(a + b 2c) x
2
2abx + bcx + cax = 0
x[(a + b 2c) x (2ab ca bc)] = 0
x = 0 or x =
2
2
ab ac bc
a b c

+
.
5. x =
2
, 2
Hint: Let y = (5 + 2
6
)
x
2
3
1
y
= (5 2 6 )
x
2
3
y +
1
y
= 10
y =
10 96
2 1
(Using: D = b
2
4ac)
y = 5 2 6 .
Now compare the exponent.
6. x =
1 5
2
Hint: Use a
2
+ b
2
= (a b)
2
+ 2ab
2
1
x
x
x
_

+ ,
+

2x
1
x
x
_

,
+
= 3
2
2
1
x x x
x
_
+

+
,
+ 2
2
1
x
x +
= 3
2
2
1
x
x
_

+
,
+ 2
2
1
x
x
_

+
,
= 3
Let y =
2
1
x
x +
y
2
+ 2y 3 = 0
y = 1 or y = 3
2
=1
1
x
x +
or
2
1
x
x +
= 3
x
2
x 1 = 0 or x
2
+ 3x + 3 = 0
Now solve.
7. Hint: Take a = 1 + m
2
, b = 2mc, c = c
2
a
2
Use D = b
2
4ac = 0.
8. Hint: Let roots of
Ax
2
+ 2Bx + C = 0 be

and

= + ;
= +

= ;
(

)
2
= ( )
2
(

+ )
2
4

= ( + )
2
4

2
2
4B C
.
4
A A
=
2
2
4
.
4
b c
a a
2
2
b ac
a
=
2
2
B AC
A
2
2
B AC
b ac
=
_

,
2
A
a
.
9. Let ABC is a right-angled
triangle such that C = 90 and
b > a.
c
2
= a
2
+ b
2
a
2
+ b
2
= (3
5
)
2
= 45
4a
2
+ 4b
2
= 180 ... (i)
Let the new corresponding sides be a', b'
and c' such that
a' = 3a, b' = 2b and c' = 15 cm
Then, (3a)
2
+ (2b)
2
= (15)
2
9a
2
+ 4b
2
= 225 ... (ii)
Subtracting equation (i) from equation (ii),
we have
5a
2
= 45 a = 3
Substituting a = 3 in equation (ii), we have
9 9 + 4b
2
= 225
4b
2
= 225 81 = 144 b = 6
Hence, the original length of sides are 3 cm,
5 cm and
3 5
cm.
OR
According to the question, the two times:
(i) t minutes past 2 p.m. and
(ii)
2
60 3
4
t
_

,
minutes past 2 p.m. are
equal. It means
t =
2
60 3
4
t
_

,
t +
2
3
4
t
60
t
2
+ 4t 252 = 0
t
2
+ 18t 14t 252 = 0
157
t(t + 18) 14(t + 18) = 0
(t + 18)(t 14) = 0
t = 18 (rejected), t = 14.
WORKSHEET 20
1. (A) The wrong equation is x
2
+ 17x + q = 0
q = ( 2) ( 15) = 30
Now, the original equation will be
x
2
+ 13x + 30 = 0. Its roots are 10, 3.
2. (D) x =
2
3
must satisfy kx
2
x 2 = 0
k
4 2
9 3
2 = 0 k = 6.
3. (C)
Hint: For no real root D < 0.
4. x
2
+ p(2x + 4) + 12 = 0
x
2
+ 2px + 4p + 12 = 0
For real and equal roots, D = 0
4p
2
4 (4p + 12) = 0
4p
2
16p 48 = 0
4(p 6) (p + 2) = 0
p 6 = 0 or p + 2 = 0
p = 6 or 2.
5. Product of roots =
c
a
1
( 2)
2
=
1
q
p
+
p 1 = q
q p = 1 ... (i)
Also sum of roots =
1
2
2
=
+
3
1 p
1
2
=
+
1
1 p
p = 3 ... (ii)
From (i), q = 2
p + q + 5 = 3 2 + 5 = 0.
6. Hint: Use D 0 for both the equation.
7. Hint: Use sin + cos =
b
a
... (i)
and sin
.
cos =
c
a
... (ii)
Squaring both sides of (i) and using (ii)
you will get the result.
8. The given equation is
1 3
2 4
x x
x x

+

=
1
3
3
( 1)( 4) ( 2)( 3)
( 2)( 4)
x x x x
x x
+

=
10
3
2 2
2
5 4 5 6
6 8
x x x x
x x
+ + +
+
=
10
3
2
2
5 5
6 8
x x
x x
+
+
=
5
3
5x
2
30x + 40 = 3x
2
15x + 15
2x
2
15x + 25 = 0
Let us use quadratic formula.
x =
2
4
2
b b ac
a

=
15 225 4225
22

x =
15 5
4
x = 5,
5
2
.
9. Yes, 25 m and 16 m
Hint: Let the two adjacent sides of the field
be a and b.
Then 2(a + b) = 82 a + b = 41
And ab = 400.
OR
3 cm and 9 cm
Hint: Let smaller leg = x
From figure,
x
2
+ y
2
= (3 10 )
2
= 90
y
2
= 90 x
2
... (i)
Also (3x)
2
+ (2y)
2
= (9 5 )
2
9x
2
+ 4y
2
= 405 ... (ii)
Use (i) and (ii) and then solve.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 1
1. (C) D = ( )
2
5
4 2 1 = 5 8 = 3 < 0.
Given equation has no real roots.
2. (C) 3x
2
+
2 6x
+ 2 + x
2
= 4x
2
4x
i.e., ( )
6 2 +
x + 1 = 0
which is not a quadratic equation.
A
B
C
y
x
3 10 cm
3. (x 1)(x + 2) + 2 = 0 x
2
+ x = 0
x(x + 1) = 0 x = 0 or 1
So, roots are 0 and 1.
4. False, because a quadratic equation having
negative discriminant has no real root.
5. 3x
2
+
5 5x
10 = 0 ... (i)
We divide
5 5x
into two parts such that
sum and product of them are
5 5x
and

30x
2
respectively.
Such parts are 6 5x and 5x so equation (i)
forms as follows:
3x
2
+ 6 5x 5x 10 = 0
or 3x ( )
2 5 x +
( )
5 2 5 x +
= 0
or ( )( )
2 5 3 5 x x +
= 0
i.e., x +
2 5
= 0 or 3x
5
= 0
i.e., x = 2 5 or x =
5
3
Hence, the roots of equation
3x
2
+
5 5 10 x
= 0 are 2 5 and
5
3
.
6. If a quadratic equation has equal real roots,
then its discriminant vanishes.
i.e., D = 0
or b
2
4ac = 0
From the given equation,
a = k 12; b = 2(k 12); c = 2
So, b
2
4ac = 0 provides
{2(k 12)}
2
4(k 12) 2 = 0
i.e., 4(k
2
24k + 144) 8k + 96 = 0
i.e., k
2
24k + 144 2k + 24 = 0
i.e., k
2
26k + 168 = 0
i.e., k
2
14k 12k + 168 = 0
i.e., k(k 14) 12(k 14) = 0
i.e., (k 14)(k 12) = 0
i.e., k 14 = 0 or k 12 = 0
i.e., k = 14 or 12.
But k 12. k = 14.
7. a
2
x
2
3abx + 2b
2
= 0
Dividing throughout by a
2
, we get
x
2

3bx
a
+
2
2
2b
a
= 0
Here,
1
2
of coefficient of x is
3
2
b
a
Adding both the sides to
2
3
2
b
a
_

,
, we get
x
2
3bx
a
+
2
3
2
b
a
_

,
+
2
2
2b
a
=
2
3
2
b
a
_

,
i.e.,
2 2 2
2 2
3 9 2
2 4
b b b
x
a a a
_

,
=
2
2
4
b
a
i.e.,
2
3
2
b
x
a
_

,
=
2
2
b
a
_

,
i.e.,
3
2
b
x
a
=
2
b
a
i.e.,
3
2 2
b b
x
a a

or
3
2 2
b b
x
a a

i.e.,
2b
x
a
or x =
b
a
Hence, the roots of the given equation are
2b
a
and
b
a
.
8. Let the speed of the faster train be x km/hr
and that of the slower train be y km/hr.
Time =
Distance
Speed
Time taken by the slower train Time taken
by the faster train = 3 hrs.
600
y

600
x
= 3 ... (i )
The speed of the slower train is 10 km/hr
less than that of the faster train
i.e., x y = 10
or x = y + 10 ... (ii)
Substitute x = y + 10 from equation (ii ) in
equation (i) to get
600 600

10 y y
+
= 3
600(y + 10) 600y = 3(y + 10)y
200y + 2000 200y = y
2
+ 10y
159
y
2
+ 10y 2000 = 0
y
2
+ 50y 40y 2000 = 0
y(y + 50) 40 (y + 50) = 0
(y + 50)(y 40) = 0
y = 40, 50
Neglecting y = 50 because speed is a non-
negative quantity, we get
y = 40
Substitute this value of y, i.e., y = 40
in equation (ii ) we get
x = 40 + 10 = 50
Hence, speed of the faster train = 50 km/hr
and speed of the slower train = 40 km/hr.
ASSESSMENT SHEET2
1. (B) 7
2
2
3
_

,
+ t
2
3
_

,
3 = 0
28 2
9 3
+ t 3 = 0
t =
3 28
3
2 9
_

,
t =
3 1
2 9
=
1
6
.
2. (A) Let us find the discriminant of:
x
2
+
2 3x
1 = 0
D = ( )
2
2 3x
4 1 (1) = 12 + 4 = 16 > 0
x
2
+2 3x 1 = 0 has real roots.
3. Consider x
2
+ 5px + 16 has no real roots.
D < 0
(5p)
2
4 1 16 < 0
25p
2
< 64 p <
64
25

8
5
< p <
8
5
.
4. True.
Let equation is ax
2
+ bx + c = 0
Case I. a > 0 and c < 0 ac < 0 ac > 0
D = b
2
4ac > 0 b
2
0
Case II. a < 0 and c > 0 ac < 0 ac > 0
D = b
2
4ac > 0.
5. (a b) x
2
+ (b c) x + (c a) = 0
As this equation has equal roots, the
discriminant of it vanishes.
i.e., D = 0
(b c)
2
4 (a b) (c a) = 0
b
2
2bc + c
2
4ac + 4a
2
+ 4bc 4ab = 0
4a
2
+ b
2
+ c
2
4ab + 2bc 4ac = 0
(2a b c)
2
= 0
[ (x + y + z)
2
= x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
+ 2xy
+ 2yz + 2zx]
2a b c = 0
2a = b + c.
Hence proved.
6. x
2
( ) 3 1 3 0 x + + ... (i)
Coefficient of x = ( )
3 1 +
Half of coefficient of x =
3 1
2
+
Adding
2
3 1
2
_
+

,
to both the sides of
equation (i), we get
x
2
( )
3 1 +
x +
2
3 1
2
_
+

,
+
3
=
2
3 1
2
_
+

,

2
3 1
2
x
_
+

,
=
3 1 2 3
4
+ +

3

2
3 1
2
x
_
+

,
=
3 1 2 3
4
+
2
3 1
2
x
_
+

,
=
2
3 1
2
_

,
x
3 1
2
+
=
3 1
2
i.e., x =
3 1
2
+
+
3 1
2
,
3 1
2
+
3 1
2
i.e., x =
3
or x = 1.
Hence, x =
3
, 1.
7. Given equation is
a
2
b
2
x
2
(4b
4
3a
4
)x 12a
2
b
2
= 0 ... (i)
General quadratic equation is
Ax
2
+ Bx + C = 0 ... (ii)
Comparing the coefficients of like powers of
x of equations (i) and (ii), we get
A = a
2
b
2
; B = (4b
4
3a
4
); C = 12a
2
b
2
Now,
D = B
2
4AC
= { (4b
4
3a
4
)}
2
4a
2
b
2
( 12a
2
b
2
)
= 16b
8
24b
4
a
4
+ 9a
8
+ 48a
4
b
4
= 16b
8
+ 9a
8
+ 24a
4
b
4
= (4b
4
+ 3a
4
)
2
.
Using the quadratic formula to solve
equation (i), we have
x =
B D
2A

=
4 4 4 4 2
2 2
4 3 (4 3 )
2
b a b a
a b
+
=
4 4 4 4
2 2
4 3 (4 3 )
2
b b b a
a b
+
i.e., x =
4 4 4 4
2 2
4 3 4 3
2
b a b a
a b
+ +
,
4 4 4 4
2 2
4 3 4 3
2
b a b a
a b

i.e., x =
4
2 2
8
2
b
a b
,
4
2 2
6
2
a
a b
i.e., x =
4
2
4b
a
,
2
2
3a
b
.
8. Let the present age of Sumita be x years
and that of her daughter Riya be y years.
According to the first given condition,
x = 2 + y
2
... (i)
Riya would reach at the age of x years after
(x y) years.
After (x y) years, Sumitas age
= x y + x
= (2x y) years
According to the second given condition
2x y = 10y 1
2x 11y + 1 = 0 ... (ii)
Putting x = 2 + y
2
from (i) in equation (ii),
we get
2(2 + y)
2
11y + 1 = 0
4 + 2y
2
11y + 1 = 0
2y
2
11y + 5 = 0
2y
2
10y y + 5 = 0
2y (y 5) 1 (y 5) = 0
(y 5)(2y 1) = 0
y = 5 or
1
2
Let us use equation (i).
When y =
1
2
, x = 2 +
2
1
2
_

,
=
9
4
= 2.25
But at the age of 2.25 years, Sumita cannot
be mother. So, we must reject y =
1
2
years.
When y = 5, x = 2 + 5
2
= 27
Hence, present age of Sumita is 27 years
and Riya is 5 years.
CHAPTER TEST
1. (C) Let us consider option (C).
2x
2
+ 3 + 2 6x + x
2
= 3x
2
5x
(5 + 2 6 ) x + 3 = 0
which is not a quadratic equation.
2. (B) 9x
2
+
3
4
x
2
= 0
Let us add and subtract
1
64
.
9x
2
+
3
4
x +
1 1
2
64 64
= 0

2
1
3
8
x
_
+

,
2
1 64 2
8
_
+

,
= 0
Clearly, the required number is
1
64
.
161
3. (C) The given equation can be written as
x
4
+ x
2
+ 1 = 0
Here, D = 1
2
4 1 1 = 3 < 0
As D < 0, there is no real root.
4. 2x
2
kx + k = 0 has equal roots, if discrimi-
nant = 0.
( k)
2
4 2 k = 0 k(k 8) = 0
k = 0 or 8.
5. True.
Let us consider a quadratic equation
2
3 7 3 12 3 0 x x +
Here, D =
( )
2
7 3
4
3
12 3
D = 147 144 = 3
D > 0
Roots are real and distinct.
So, x =
7 3 3
2 3
x = 4, 3 which are
rationals.
OR
No.
(x 1)
2
+ (2x + 1) = 0
x
2
2x + 1 + 2x + 1 = 0
x
2
+ 2 = 0
Here, D = 0
2
4 1 2 = 8 < 0.
Hence, the given equation has no real root.
6.
2
1
11
2
x x + 1 = 0
Here,
1
=
2
a , b = 11 , c = 1
D = b
2
4ac
=
( )
2
11
4
1
2
1 = 9
x =
D
2
b
a

=
( ) 11 3
2 1

=
11 3
2
+
, =
11 3
2
.
7. Let the required natural number be N.
N
2
84 = (N + 8) 3 N
2
3N 108 = 0
(N 12)(N + 9) = 0 N = 12 or 9
But 9 is not a natural number.
So, N = 12 is the required natural number.
8. (b c)x
2
+ (c a) x + (a b) = 0
A quadratic equation is a perfect square, if
its discriminant (D) is equal to zero.
Here, A = b c, B = c a and C = a b
Now, D = 0
D = B
2
4AC = (c a)
2
4(b c)(a b)
c
2
+ a
2
2ca 4 (ab b
2
ca + bc) = 0
c
2
+ a
2
+ 4b
2
+ 2ca 4bc 4ab = 0
(c + a 2b)
2
= 0
[ (x + y + z)
2
= x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
+ 2xy
+ 2yz + 2zx]
c + a 2b = 0 b =
2
a c +
.
Hence proved.
9. Let the thickness of the region having the
grass be x metres.
From the adjoining figure, we have
AB = PQ = DC = SR = 50 m
AP = BQ = KQ = x m
KL = QR = JM = PS = (40 2x) m
Now, area of the grass field = 1184
AB AP 2 + QR KQ 2 =1184
50 x 2 + (40 2x) x 2 = 1184
180x 4x
2
= 1184
x
2
45x + 296 = 0
x
2
37x 8x + 296 = 0
(x 37)(x 8) = 0
x = 8 or x = 37
But x = 37 is not possible as 2x > 50
x = 8 m
Length of the pond
= JK = 50 16 = 34 m
And breadth of the pond = JM
= 40 16 = 24 m.
2
Chapter
ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS
WORKSHEET 24
1. (D) Let us consider option (D).
2
nd
term 1
st
term = 6 (10) = 4
3
rd
term 2
nd
term = 2 ( 6) = 4
4
th
term 3
rd
term = 2 ( 2) = 4
10, 6, 2, 2,........ is an A.P.
2. (B) 11
th
term of the A.P. 62, 59, 56, ..., 7,
10 is 62 + (11 1) 3, i.e., 32.
3. (A) n
th
term= 15 + (n 1) ( 3)
= 15 3n + 3 = 3n 12.
4. T
n
= 7 4n
T
n 1
= 7 4(n 1) = 11 4n
Now, d = T
n
T
n 1
= 7 4n 11 + 4n
= 4.
5. False
Let first term be a and common difference
be d of an A.P.
Then
3
rd
term, a + 2d = 4 ... (i)
9
th
term, a + 8d = 8 ... (ii)
Subtracting equation (ii) from (i), we get
6d = 12
d = 2
Putting d = 2 in (i), we get
.
.
. a = 8
.
.
. Given a + (n 1)d = 0
8 + (n 1) ( 2) = 0
2n = 10 n = 5
5
th
term= a + (n 1)d
= 8 + (5 1) ( 2)
= 0
Thus its 5
th
term is 0. So the given statement
is false.
6. First term = a = 1
Second term= a + d = 1 +
1
2
=
1
2
Third term = a + 2d = 1 + 2
1
2
= 0
Fourth term= a + 3d = 1 + 3
1
2
=
1
2
Hence, the first four terms are: 1,
1
2
, 0,
1
2
.
7. Let the first term be a and the common
difference be d.
A.P. = a, a + d, a + 2d,........
T
3
= 16 and T
7
= 12 + T
5
a + 2d = 16 and a + 6d = 12 + a + 4d
a + 2d = 16 and d = 6
a = 4 and d = 6
So, the required A.P. will be 4, 10, 16, ......
8. (i) Here, a = 9, d = 17 9 = 8
Let 636 be the sum of n term of this A.P.
where (n N)
Lets use S
n
=
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d]
636 =
2
n
[2 9 + (n 1)8]
636 =
2
n
[18 + 8n 8]
636 =
2
n
[10 + 8n]
636 =
2
n
2[5 + 4n]
4n
2
+ 5n 636 = 0
Using quadratic formula
n =
2
. .
5 5 4 4 (636)
.
2 4
=
5 10201
8
163 T I R A M H I T E G O R P E R S S C I N O S
=
5 101
8
=
106 96
,
8 8
n = 12, 13.25
Rejecting n = 13.25 due to negative
value.
n = 12
Thus the number of terms will be 12.
(ii)
33
20
Hint : d =
1
60
a
n
=
1 1
+ ( 1)
15 60
n
_

,
a
n
=
1 1
+ 10
15 60
=
4 10
60
+
=
14
60
=
7
30
S
11
=

11 1 7
2 15 30
+ =
11 9
2 30
=
33
20
.
9. ` 80n where n = 1, 2, 3, ..., 30; yes; ` 2400
Hint: S.I. =
PR
100
n
S.I. = 80n
Interest at the end of 30 years = ` 2400.
OR
S
n
= 55350
Hint: Sequence is:
108, 117, 126, ......, 999
a
n
= 108 + (n 1)
.
9
999 108 = 9(n 1)
891 = 9(n 1) n = 100
S
n
=
100
2
(108 + 999) = 50 1107
= 55350.
WORKSHEET 25
1. (A) S
15
=
15 3 3
2 + (15 1) 5
2 5 5
1 _
1
, ]
=
17 15 15 6 28
+ =
2 5 5 5
_

,
=
51 5
.
2. (C)
Hint: Let a
n
= 22
.
.
. 5 + (n 1)(3) = 22
3n = 30 n = 10 a
10
= 22.
3. (B) Common difference = 2 1 = 5 ( 2)
= 3.
4. p = 4
Hint: Use: if a, b, c are in A.P. 2b = a + c.
5. False
In an A.P., having n
th
term a
n
= a + (n 1)d,
we know that a
n
is a linear polynomial in n.
Here a
n
= n
2
+ n + 1 is not a linear
polynomial in n. So it can't be n
th
term of
an

A.P.
difference be d.
Middle term =
th
21 1
2
+
_

,
term = 11
th
term.
Sum of three middle terms:
a
10
+ a
11
+ a
12
= 129
(a + 9d) + (a + 10d) + (a + 11d) = 129
3a + 30d = 129 ... (i)
Sum of last three terms:
a
19
+ a
20
+ a
21
= 237
(a +18d) + (a +19d) + (a +20d) = 237
3a + 57d = 237
...(ii)
we have
27d = 108 d = 4
Substituting d = 4 in equation (i), we have
a =
129 120
3
= 3
So the required A.P. will be 3, 7, 11, ...
OR
a
5
+ a
9
= 72 2a + 12d = 72 ... (i)
also a
7
+ a
12
= 97 2a + 17d = 97 ... (ii)
(i) (ii) 5d = 25
d = 5
From (i), a = 6
A.P. is 6, 11, 16,....
7. S
n
= 2n 3n
2
Hint: a
1
= 5 6 = 1
a
2
= 5 12 = 7
a
3
= 5 18 = 13
.
.
. d = a
2
a
1

= 6
.
.
. S
n
= ( )( )
2+ 1 6
2
n
n
= 4 6
2
n
n
= n(2 3n) = 2n 3n
2
.
8. a = 7
d = 11 7 = 4.
Let a
n
= 111
a + (n 1) d = 111
7 + (n 1) 4 = 111
7 + 4n 4 = 111
4n = 108
n = 27
.
.
. S
n
= S
27
=
( )
27
7 111
2
+
=
27
118
2
= 27 59
= 1593.
9. 60, 80, 100, 120
Hint: Let the angles be:
a 3d, a d, a + d, a + 3d.
OR
S
n
= 5n
2
3n
S
n1
= 5(n 1)
2
3(n 1)
= 5n
2
+ 5 10n 3n + 3
= 5n
2
13n + 8
n
th
term (a
n
) = S
n
S
n 1
= 5n
2
3n (5n
2
13n + 8)
= 10n 8
a
1
= 10 1 8 = 2
a
2
= 10 2 8 = 12
a
3
= 10 3 8 = 22
Therefore, the A.P. is 2, 12, 22,.......
Substituting n = 10 in a
n
= 10n 8, we get
10
th
term = 10 10 8 = 92.
WORKSHEET 26
1. (A) a = 3, d =
1
2
( 3) =
5
2
a
11
= a + (11 1)d = 3 + 10
5
2
= 22.
2. (B) Let n
th
term be 81.
21 + (n 1)( 3) = 81
24 3n = 81
n = 35.
3. (C) a
18
a
13
= a + 17d a 12d = 5d
= 5 5 = 25.
4. The given A.P. is 17, 14, ......, 34, 37, 40.
5
th
term from the end= 40 + (5 1) 3
= 40 + 12 = 28.
5. 178
Hint: Let the first term be a and the common
difference be d.
a + 10d = 38 and a + 15d = 73.
OR
The given A.P. is 8 , 18, 32, ......
or
2 2
,
3 2
,
4 2
, .........
Here d =
3 2
2 2 = 2
Hence, the next two terms will be 4 2 + 2
and 4 2 + 2 2 or 5 2 and 6 2 .
6. As 3k + 4, 7k + 1, 12k 5 are in A.P.
2 (7k + 1) = 3k + 4 + 12k 5
14k + 2 = 15k 1
2 + 1 = 15k 14k
3 = k
Thus, value of k = 3.
7. n = 4 or 13
Hint: Use
( )
S 2 1
2
n
n
a n d +
.
8. Let the first term and the common difference
be a and d respectively.
Second term = 14
a + (2 1) d = 14 [ a
n
= a + (n 1)d]
a + d = 14 ...(i)
Third term = 18
a + (3 1)d = 18
a + 2d = 18 ...(ii)
Solving equations (i) and (ii), we obtain
d = 4 and a = 10.
Sum of first 51 terms
S
51
=
51
2
[2a + (51 1)d]
[ ]

S = 2 ( 1)
2
n
n
a n d +
=
51
2
[2 10 + 50 4]
=
51
2
220 = 5610.
9. The sequence of all months' savings (in rupees)
is 320, 360, 400, .......
Let S
n
= 20000
20000 =
( )
2 1
2
n
a n d +
Using a = 320
d = 40,
we get
20000 =
( )
640 1 40
2
n
n +
40000 = 40 600 n n +
40n
2
+ 600n 40000 = 0
4n
2
+ 60n 4000 = 0
n
2
+ 15n 1000 = 0
n
2
+ 40n 25n 1000 = 0
n(n + 40) 25(n + 40) = 0
n = 25 or 40 (Reject)
.
.
. n = 25 months.
WORKSHEET 27
1. (D) 5a
5
= 10a
10
5(a + 4d) = 10(a + 9d)
5a = 70d a = 14d
Nowa
15
= 14d + 14d = 0.
2. (B) a
n
= 505 a + (n 1) d = 505
1 + 7n 7 = 505
n =
511
7
= 73
Middle term is
th
1
2
n +
_

,
= 37
th
a
37
= 1 + 36 7 = 253.
3. (A) 2 (p +10) = 2p + 3p + 2
2p + 20 = 5p + 2
18 = 3p
p = 6.
4. a
4
=
1
9
2
=
19
2
a + 3d =
19
2
5 + 3d =
19
2
d =
3
2
First box =
1
6
2
=
13
2
Second box = 8.
5. 15
th
term from end of 10, 20, 30, ............,
980, 990, 1000
= 15
th
term of 1000, 990, 980, .............,
20, 10
= 1000 + (15 1) ( 990 + 1000)
= 1000 + 140 = 860.
6. 6n 1
Hint: Use
a
n
= S
n
S
n1
7. Hint: Use S
20
= S
30
and show that S
50
= 0.
8. A.P.: 63, 65, 67, ...........
a = 63, d = 65 63 = 2
n
th
term of 63, 65, 67,.....
= a + (n 1) d = 63 + (n 1) 2 ... (i)
A.P.: 3, 10, 17,.........
a = 3, d = 10 3 = 7
n
th
term of 3, 10, 17,.......
= a + (n 1)d = 3 + (n 1) 7 ... (ii)
63 + (n 1) 2 = 3 + (n 1) 7
[Using (i) and (ii)]
2n 2 7n + 7 = 3 63
5n + 5 = 60
5n = 65 n = 13.
9. The sequence of savings (in rupees) is
4, 5.75, 7.5, ........, 19.75
Here, a = 4
d = 1.75
a
n
= 19.75
a + (n 1) d = 19.75
4 + (n 1) (1.75) = 19.75
4 + 1.75n 1.75 = 19.75
1.75n = 19.75 2.25
1.75n = 17.50
n = 10
.
.
. In 10
th
week her saving will be ` 19.75.
OR
Let first term be a and common difference
be d.
a
4
+ a
8
= 24
a + 3d + a + 7d = 24
a + 5d = 12 ... (i)
and a
6
+ a
10
= 44
a + 5d + a + 9d = 44
a + 7d = 22 ... (ii)
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get
2d = 10
d = 5
Putting d = 5 in (i), we get
a = 13
First three terms of this A.P. will be 13,
8, 3.
WORKSHEET 28
1. (B)
3 2 7
2
a a +
= a + 4
5a 7 = 2a + 8
3a = 15
a = 5.
2. (A) We need to obtain the sum:
1 + 3 + 5 +............+ 49
a
n
= a + (n 1)d 49 = 1 + (n 1) 2
n = 25
S
n
=
2
n
(a + a
n
) =
25
2
(1 + 49) = 625.
3. (D) a
n
= a + (n 1) d
50 = 5 + (n 1) 3
n 1 =
50 5
3
n = 16.
4. Let missing terms be x and y such that 2, x,
26, y are in A.P.
Common difference = x 2 = 26 x = y 26
x =
28
2
= 14 and
y = 26 + 26 14 = 38.
5. a
9
= 10 a + 8d = 10
a + 8
5
4
= 10 a = 20
Now, a
27
= a + 26d = 20 + 26
_

,
5
4
= 20 +
65
2
=
25
2
=
1
12
2
.
6. 5, 7, 9
Hint: Let the three numbers be
a d, a, a + d.
7. The sequence of such numbers is:
101, 108, 115, .............., 997
a
n
= 997 101 + (n 1) 7 = 997
n = 129 S
129
=
129
101 997
2
+
= 129 549 = 70821.
8. S
24
= 672
Hint: a
1
= 5,
a
2
= 7,
.
.
. d= 2
.
.
. S
24
= 12(10 + 46) = 672.
9. ` 40, ` 60, ` 80, ` 100
Hint: Let the prizes (in `) be x, x + 20,
x + 40, and x + 60.
OR
According to the given question, we have
a = 8 ...(i)
a
n
= 33 a + (n 1)d = 33 ...(ii)
S
n
= 123
2
n
(a + a
n
) = 123 ...(iii)
Substituting the value of a from equation (i),
and that of a
n
from equation (ii) in equation
(iii), we get
2
n
(8 + 33) = 123 n =
123 2
41
n = 6
Substituting a = 8 and n = 6 in equation (ii),
we get
8 + (6 1) d = 33 d =
33 8
5
d = 5
Thus, n = 6 and d = 5.
WORKSHEET 29
1. (A) Hint: 12, 16, 20,...., 248
.
.
. 248 = 12 + (n 1)4
236
4
= n 1
n= 60.
2. (B) S
n
= 90 90 = ( )
4 1 8
2
n
n +
180 = n (8n 4)
2n
2
n 45 = 0
(2n + 9) (n 5) = 0
n = 5
a
n
= a
5
= a + 4 d = 2 + 4 8 = 34.
3. (C) a
n
=
n
a
63 + (n 1) 2 = 3 + (n 1) 7
2n + 61 = 7n 4
5n = 65
n = 13.
4. Common difference = 2p 1 p
= 7 (2p 1)
2p p + 2p = 7 + 1 + 1
3p = 9 p = 3.
5. a = 103; d = 101 103 = 2
.
.
. a
n
= 49
103 + (n 1) ( 2) = 49
2n = 49 105
n = 28
S =
28
2
{103 + 49)
= 14 152 = 2128.
6. 1, 4, 740
Hint: a
3
= 7
a
7
= 3 a
3
+ 2.
difference be d.
S
n
=
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d] 42 =
6
2
[2a + 5d]
2a + 5d = 14 ...(i)
a
n
= a + (n 1)d
+
+
9
29
a d
a d
=
1
3
3a + 27d = a + 29d 2a 2d = 0 a = d
Substituting a = d in equation (i), we have
d = 2 and so a = 2
Now, a
18
= 2 + 17d = 2 + 17 2 = 36.
Hence the first term is 2 and 18
th
term is 36.
8. Hint: ma
m
= na
n
m{a + (m 1)d} = n{a + (n 1)d}
m{a + (m 1)d} n{a + (n 1) d} = 0
a(m n) + {m(m 1) n(n 1)} d = 0
a(m n) + {(m
2
n
2
) (m n} d = 0
a(m n) + {(m n) (m + n 1) d = 0
a + (m + n 1) d = 0 {
.
.
.
m n}
a
m + n
= 0.
9. The penalty (in `) is in A.P. as follows:
200, 250, 300, ........... 30 terms
So, the contractor has to pay the penalty
(in `) as the sum of the following series:
200 + 250 + 300 + ............30 terms
Here, a = 200, d = 250 200 = 50, n = 30
Sum =
2
n
[ 2a + (n 1)d]
=
30
2
[ 2 200 + 29 50]
= 15(400 + 1450) = 27750
Hence, the required penalty is ` 27750.
WORKSHEET30
1. (B)
Hint: The sequence is:
3, 9, 15, ......., 99.
Use: S
n
=
2
n
a l + .
2. (A) a
n
= S
n
S
n1
= (2n
2
+ 5n) [2(n 1)
2
+ 5(n 1)]
= 2n
2
+ 5n 2(n
2
+ 1 2n) 5n + 5
= 2n
2
+ 5n 2n
2
2 + 4n 5n + 5
= 4n + 3.
3. Here,
5
6
(1), i.e.
1
6
and
2
3

_

,
5
6
,
i.e.,
1
6
are equal. So, the given sequence is
in A.P. with common difference
1
6
.
Therefore, the next three terms will be
2 1 2 1
+ , + 2
3 6 3 6
and +
2 1
3
3 6
These are
1 1 1
, and
2 3 6
.
4. 8x + 4, 6x 2 and 2x + 7 are in A.P.
6x 2 (8x + 4) = 2x + 7 (6x 2)
2x 6 = 4x + 9
2x = 15
x =
15
2
.
5. 3, 9, 15
Hint: Let the three numbers be
a d, a, a + d.
OR
a
17
= a
10
+ 7
a + 16d = a + 9d + 7
7d = 7
d = 1.
6. 30
Hint: Let S
n
< 0.
7.
1 5
,
2 2
Hint: a
4
+ a
8
= 24
2a + 10d = 24 ...(i)
and a
6
+ a
10
= 34
2a + 14d = 34 ...(ii)
Solve (i) and (ii).
difference be d.
a
3
= 7
a + 2d = 7 ...(i)
a
7
= 3a
3
+ 2
a + 6d = 3 7 + 2
a + 6d = 23 ...(ii)
Using equations (i) and (ii), we get
4d = 16 d = 4 ...(iii)
Substituting d = 4 in (i), we have
a + 2 4 = 7 a = 1 ...(iv)
Now, using the formula of sum of n terms:
S
n
=
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d]
S
20
=
20
2
[2 ( 1) + (20 1) 4]
= 10( 2 + 76) [Using (iii) and (iv)]
= 740.
9.
S
S
n
n
=
2 3
3 2
n
n
+
+
( )
( )
2 1
2 1
a n d
a n d
+
+
=
2 3
3 2
n
n
+
+
1
2
1
2
n
a d
n
a d
_
+

,
_
+

,
=
2 3
3 2
n
n
+
+
...(i)
.
.
. To obtain
7
7
a
a
, i.e.,
6
6
a d
a d
+
+
replace
1
2
n
by 6 i.e. n by 13
We get from (i),
6
6
a d
a d
+
+
=
( )
( )
2 3 13
3 2 13
+
+

7
7
a
a
=
41
29
Thus, the ratio of 7
th
terms is 41 : 29.
WORKSHEET 31
1. (C) a
1
= x; a
2
= y; l = 2x
d = y x
2x = x + (n 1)
.
(y x)
x
y x
= n 1
n =
x y x
y x
+
=
y
y x
S
n
= ( )
1
+2
2
y
x x
y x
=
3
2( )
xy
y x
.
2. (B) 10
th
term from end of 4, 9,....., 244, 249,
254
= 10
th
term from begining of 254, 249, 244,
...., 9, 4.
= 254 + 9 (5) = 254 45 = 209.
3. (D) 105, 112, 119, ........., 994
a
n
= a + (n 1)d
994 = 105 + (n 1) 7
994 = 105 + 7n 7
994 = 98 + 7n
n =
994 98
7
= 128.
4. S
n
=
2
n
(a + l) 144 =
9
2
(a + 28)
a + 28 = 32 a = 4.
5. Yes,
Hint: a
30
a
20
= a + 29d a 19d
= 10d = 40.
6. Let the first term and common difference of
first A.P. be A and D respectively and that
of the second A.P. be a and d respectively.
[ ]
[ ]
+
+
2A ( 1) D
2
2 ( 1)
2
n
n
n
a n d
=
+
+
7 1
4 27
n
n
+
+
2A ( 1)D
2 ( 1)
n
a n d
=
+
+
7 1
4 27
n
n
_

,
_

,
1
A + D
2
1
+
2
n
n
a d
=
+
+
7 1
4 27
n
n
To prepare the 5
th
term in numerator and
denominator of LHS of this last equation,
we should put
1
2
n
= 4, i.e. n = 9.
Therefore,
A + 4D
+ 4 a d
=
+ 7 9 1
4 9 + 27

5
5
A
a
=
64
63
Hence, the required ratio is 64 : 63.
7. Hint: Use a

+ (p 1)d= a
a

+ (q 1)d= b
a

+ (r 1)d= c.
OR
Let the first term be a and the common
difference be d.
Now, a
19
= 3 a
6
a +

18d = 3 (a + 5d)
2a = 3d ...(i)
Also, a
9
= 19 a +

8d = 19 ...(ii)
From equations (i) and (ii),
3
2
d + 8d = 19 19d = 38
d = 2 and so a = 3.
[From equation (i)]
Hence the A.P. is a, a + d, a + 2d, ..........
i.e., 3, 5, 7, .........
8. As given numbers are in A.P.
.
.
. 2 [2k
2
+ 3k + 6] = 4k + 8 + 3k
2
+ 4k + 4
4k
2
+ 6k + 12 = 3k
2
+ 8k + 12
k
2
2k = 0 k (k 2) = 0
k = 0 or k = 2.
9. ` 7250
Hint: The sequence is 125, 150, 175, .....
Here, a = 125, d = 25, n = 20
Use S
n
=
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d].
WORKSHEET 32
1. (A) S
n
= 3n
2
n
Put n = 1 S
1
= a
1
= 2
Put n = 2 S
2
= a
1
+ a
2
= 10
a
2
= 8
d = a
2
a
1
= 6.
2. (B)
Hint: a + 2d = 4
a + 8d = 8
+
6d = 12
d = 2
a = 8
a
10
= a + 9d
= 8 18 = 10.
3. (D)
Hint: a
n
= S
n
S
n1.
4. Let the n
th
term be 44.
a
n
= 44
a +(n 1)d = 44
40 + (n 1)( 4) = 44
(n 1) = 21
n = 22.
5. 8930
Hint: a = 5; d = 8 (5) = 3.
a
n
= 230. Find n.
Then use S
n
=
2
n
a l +
.
6. n
th
term is a
n
= 5n 3
Substituting n = n 1, we have
(n 1)
th
term is a
n1
= 5 (n 1) 3 = 5n 8
Common difference is d = a
n
a
n 1
= 5n 3 5n + 8
= 5
Substitute n = 1 in a
n
= 5n 3 to get first
term
a
1
= 5 1 3 a
1
= 2
Now, using
S
n
=
2
n
[ 2a
1
+ (n 1)d]
The sum of first 20 terms is
S
20
=
20
2
[2 2 + (20 1) 5] = 10 99
= 990.
7. Let the same common difference be d.
30
th
term of one A.P. = 3 + (30 1) d
= 3 + 29d ...(i)
30
th
term of other A.P. = 8 + (30 1)d
= 8 + 29d ...(ii)
Now, the required difference
= (8 + 29d) (3 + 29d)
[Using equations (i) and (ii)]
= 8 + 29d 3 29d = 5.
8. Hint:
( )
2 1
2
p
a p d + = a
( )
2 1
2
q
a q d + = b
( ) 2 1
2
r
a r d +
= c
OR
Let the first term and the common difference
of the given A.P. be a and d respectively.
5
th
term= 0 a + 4d = 0
a = 4d ...(i)
23
rd
term: a
23
= a + 22d
a
23
= 4d + 22d
[From equation (i)]
a
23
= 18d ...(ii)
11
th
term: a
11
= a + 10d
a
11
= 4d + 10d
[From equation (i)]
a
11
= 6d a
11
= 6
23
18
a
[From equation (ii)]
a
23
= 3a
11
23
rd
term= 3 11
th
term
Hence proved.
9. Let the digits of the number be a d, a and
a + d such the required number is
100(a d) + 10a + a + d as the digits are in
A.P.
So, the required number = 111a 99d ...(i)
Sum of the digits = 15
a d + a + a + d = 15
a = 5 ...(ii)
The number obtained by reversing the digits
= 100(a + d) + 10a + a d
= 111a + 99d ...(iii)
According the given condition, we have
111a 99d = 594 + 111a + 99d
[Using equation (i) and (iii)]
2 99d = 594
d = 3 ...(iv)
Using equations (i), (ii) and (iv), we arrive
that the original number is
111 5 99 (3), that is 852.
OR
16 rows, 5 logs are placed in top row.
Hint: Put S
n
= 200, a = 20, d = 1
in formula S
n
=
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d]
So 41n n
2
= 400
n = 16, 25
.
.
. n = 25 not possible
because if n = 25 then the number of logs in
top row
= 4
.
.
. n = 16 and a
16
= 5.
WORKSHEET 33
1. (A) a = 10, d = 7 10 = 3
a
30
= a + 29d = 10 + 29(3) = 77.
2. (C) x + 10 2x = 3x + 2 (x + 10)
x 2x 3x + x = 2 10 10
x =
18
3
= 6.
3. (C) a
n
= 2n + 1 a
1
= 2 1 + 1 = 3
Now, S
n
=
2
n
(a
1
+ a
n
) =
2
n
(3 + 2n +1)
= n(n + 2)
4. No.
Let a
n
= 68
a + (n 1) d = 68
7 + (n 1) 3 = 68
3n = 64
n =
64
3
which is not a whole number so a
n
= 68 not
possible.
5. General term is a
n
= ( 1)
n
3
n + 1
Substituting n = 1, 2, 3, 4 successively we get
a
1
= (1) 3
2
= 9, a
2
= (1)
2
3
3
= 27
a
3
= (1)
3
3
4
= 81, a
4
= (1)
4
3
5
= 243.
Therefore, first four terms are 9, 27, 81,
243.
6. The sequence is 23, 21, 19, ............, 5
a = 23
d = 21 (23)
= 2
a
n
= 5
a + (n 1) d = 5
23 + (n 1) ( 2) = 5
23 2n + 2 = 5
2n = 20
n = 10.
Hence, number of rows is 10.
7. In the series (5) + ( 8) + (11) + .....+ ( 230),
a = 5, d = 8 (5) = 3.
Let the number of terms be n, then
230 = 5 + (n 1) (3)
[ a
n
= a + (n 1)d]
n 1 =
225
3
n = 76
Now, sum of first n terms is given by
S
n
=
2
n
(a + a
n
)
=
76
2
(5 230) ( a
n
= 230)
= 38 235 = 8930.
8. n
2
Hint: S
7
= 49
S
17
= 289
Find a and d and then
find S
n
=
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d].
9. To pick up the first potato, distance run
= 2(5) m
To pick up the second potato, distance run
= 2(5 + 3) = 2 (8) m
To pick up the third potato, distance run
= 2(8 + 3) = 2 (11) m
.........................................................................
.........................................................................
Sequence of the distance run is:
2 (5), 2 (8), 2 (11), ............, till 10 terms.
Total distance covered
= 2 [5 + 8 + 11 + ........ + 10 terms]
= ( ) ( ) ( )
10
2 2 5 10 1 3
2
1
+
1
]
= ( ) 2 5 37 1
]
= 10 37
= 370m.
WORKSHEET 34
1. (A) 2 (6x 2) = 8x + 4 + 2x + 7
12x 4 = 10x + 11 x =
15
2
.
2. (B) S
n
= 1 + 3 + 5 + ......... (n terms)
a = 1, d = 2
S
n
=
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d]
S
n
=
2
n
[2 + (n 1) 2] = n
2
.
3. (D) a
n
= S
n
S
n1
= n
2
+ 2n (n 1)
2
2(n 1)
= n
2
+ 2n n
2
1 + 2n 2n + 2
= 2n + 1.
4. Let the common difference and the first term
be d and a respectively.
Now, a
18
a
14
= 32
a + 17d a 13d = 32
4d = 32
d = 8.
5. a
n
= S
n
S
n1
=
( )
( )
2
2
3 1
3 13 13
1
2 2 2 2
n
n
n n

+ +
, ,

=
( )

+ + +
, ,

2
2
3 13 3 13 13
1 2
2 2 2 2 2
n
n n n n
= + + +
2
2
3 13 3 3 13 13
3
2 2 2 2 2 2
n
n n n n .
= 3n + 5
a
25
= 3 25 + 5 = 80.
6. Hint: Let a = first term
and d = common difference
a
m
=
1
n
a + (m 1)d=
1
n
a
n
=
1
m
a + (n 1)d=
1
m
Solving d =
1
mn
and a =
1
mn
S
mn
= ( ) 2 1
2
mn
a mn d +
= ( )
1
1
2
mn+ .
7. Let a
3
= x; a
7
= y
x + y = 6
x y = 8
x
2
6x + 8 = 0
(x 4) (x 2) = 0
x = 4 or x = 2
x = 4, y = 2; x = 2, y = 4
a
3
= 4 and a
7
= 2
a = 5; d =
1
2
S
16
= 20
and a
3
= 2 and a
7
= 4
a = 1; d =
1
2
S
16
= 76.
8. (i) 12 (ii) 62
Hint: (i) S
n
= 636.
(ii) Let a
n
= a
51
+ 132.
9. l
1
= Length of 1
st
semicircle = r
= (0.5)
l
2
= Length of 2
nd
semicircle = (1)
l
3
= Length of 3
rd
semicircle = (1.5)
l
4
= Length of 4
th
semicircle = (2)
..............................................................
..............................................................
Sequence is:
(0.5), (1), (1.5), (2), ......... till 13
th
term
We will find
S
13
= [0.5 + 1 + 1.5 + 2 +....... + 13
th
term]
=
( ) ( ) ( )
13
2 0.5 13 1 0.5
2
1
+
1
]
= ( )
13
7
2
=
13 22
7
2 7

= 143 cm.
WORKSHEET 35
1. (A)
Hint: a + 6d = 34
and a + 12d = 64
a = 4, d = 5.
2. (C)
Hint: d = 8 2 = 2 2 2 =
2
.
a =
2
Use S
n
=
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d].
3. (D) 21 is an odd number a
21
= 1
40 is an even number a
40
= 1
4. Let n
th
term be 181
a = 5, d = 8, a
n
= 181
Now, 5 + (n 1) 8 = 181
n 1 =
176
8
n = 23.
5. 28
th
term
Hint: Let a
n
< 0
83 3
0
4 4
n
<
83 3n < 0
3n > 83

2
27
3
n >
n = 28.
6. Hint: Use
2
2
S
S
m
n
m
n
.
7. 6 or 12
Hint: Let S
n
= 72

2
n
[2a + (n 1)d] = 72.
8. n = 9; angle = 32.
Hint: Sum of all angles = 360.
9. Volume of concrete required to build the
1
st
step =
3
1 1
50 m
4 2

Volume of concrete required for
2
nd
step =
3
2 1
50 m
4 2
_

,
Volume of concrete required for
3
rd
step =
3
3 1
50 m
4 2
_

,
..............................................................
..............................................................
Volume of concrete required for 15
th
step.
=
3
15 1
50 m
4 2

Total volume of concrete required:
S
15
=
50
8
[ 1 + 2 + 3 + ............ + 15]
= ( )
25 15
1 15
4 2 2
n
n
S a l
1
+ +
1
]
=
25 15 16
8

= 750 m
3
.
WORKSHEET 36
1. (A)
Hint: Use: S
n
=
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d].
2. (B)
Hint: Use: a
n
= a + (n 1)d.
3. (B)
Hint: Common difference = 2 1 or 5 + 2,
i.e., 3.
4. 10n 2
Hint: a
n
= S
n
S
n1
= 5n
2
+ 3n 5 (n 1)
2
3 (n 1)
= 5n
2
+ 3n 5 (n
2
+ 1 2n) 3n + 3
= 5n
2
+ 3n 5n
2
5 + 10n 3n + 3
a
n
= 10n 2.
5. a = 2
S
5
=
( )
10 5
1
S S
4
+
5
4 4
2
d =
( ) ( )
1
+ +
1
]
1 5
5 4 9 4 4
4 2
d d

5
4 1
2
d +
=
5
4 9 2 2
4
d d + 1
]
8 + 8d = 4 + 9d 2 2d
d = 6
S
30
= 15 {4 + 29 (6)}
= 15 (170) = 2550.
6. Hint: S
1
=
( )
2 1
2
n
a n d +
S
2
=
( )
2
2 2 1
2
n
a n d +
S
3
= ( )
3
2 3 1
2
n
a n d +
Calculate 3(S
2
S
1
).
7. 900
Hint: S
24
= 12(a
1
+ a
24
)
Also note:
a
5
+ a
20
= a
1
+ a
24
a
10
+ a
15
= a
1
+ a
24
Hence given relation gives:
3(a
1
+ a
24
) = 225
a
1
+ a
24
= 75
S
24
= 900.
8. 7, 8, 9
Hint: Let the three numbers be:
a d, a, a + d.
9. We have
1 1
n n
n n
a b
a b

+
+
=
2
a b +
2a
n
+ 2b
n
= a
n
+ ab
n1
+ ba
n1
+ b
n
a
n
+ b
n
ab
n1
ba
n1
= 0
a
n1
(a b)

b
n1
(a b) = 0
(a b) (a
n1
b
n1
) = 0
a = b or
1 n
a
b
_

,
= 1
Taking
1 n
a
b
_

,
= 1
1 n
a
b
_

,
=
0
a
b
_

,
n 1 = 0
.
.
. n = 1.
OR
a
n
= x
a + (n 1) d = x
1 + (n 1) 3 = x
3n 2 = x ...(i)
S = ( )
2
n
a l +
590 = ( ) 1
2
n
x +
1180 = n(1 + 3n 2)
1180 = 3n
2
n
3n
2
n 1180 = 0
3n
2
60n + 59n 1180 = 0
3n(n 20) + 59 (n 20) = 0
n =
59
3
(Reject) or n = 20
From (i) x = 3 20 2
x = 60 2 x = 58.
WORKSHEET 37
1. (C) Let x = n
th
term
x = 2 + (n 1) 3 x = 3n 1
S
n
= 2
2
n
x + 155 = + 2 3 1
2
n
n
310 = 3n
2
+ n 3n
2
+ n 310 = 0
n(3n+31) 10 (3n + 31) = 0 n = 10
.
.
. x = 29.
2. (A)
Hint: Use a
n
= a + (n 1)
.
d.
3. 19668
Hint: The sequence is:
103, 119, 135, ......., 791.
4. n = 6
Hint: Let a = 3, b = 17
a, x
1
, x
2
, ..........., x
n
, b are in A.P.
d =
1
b a
n
+
=
14
1 n +
x
1
= a + d = 3 +
14
1 n +
=
3 17
1
n
n
+
+
...(i)
x
n
= a + nd = 3 +
14
1
n
n +
=
17 3
1
n
n
+
+
...(ii)
1
n
x
x
=
1
3
3x
1
= x
n
Using (i) and (ii), we get
n = 6.
5. Hint: S
1
=
2
n
(n + 1); a = 1, d = 1
S
2
= n
2
; a = 1, d = 2
S
3
=
2
n
(3n 1); a = 1, d = 3
S
1
+ S
3
=
( ) ( )
1 3 1
2 2
n n
n n + +
S
1
+ S
3
= 2n
2
S
1
+ S
3
= 2S
2
.
6. Let a
1
= a and common difference = d.
Now, a
1
+ a
7
+ a
10
+ a
21
+ a
24
+ a
30
= 540
a + a + 6d + a + 9d + a + 20d + a + 23d + a + 29d
= 540
6a + 87d = 540
2a + 29d = 180 ...(i)
Further, the required sum
S
30
=
30
2
(a
1
+ a
30
) = 15(a + a + 29d)
= 15(2a + 29d)
= 15 180 [Using equation (i)]
= 2700.
7. Hint: Let the first term and the common
difference be a and d respectively.
a
9
= 0 a + 8d = 0 a = 8d
a
29
= a + 28d = 8d + 28d = 20d
a
19
= a + 18d = 8d + 18d = 10d.
8. 2, 6, 10, 14.
Hint: Let the four parts be:
a 3d, a d, a + d, a + 3d.
OR
The sequence is: 150, 146, 142, ..........
Total number of workers who worked
all the n days
= 150 + 146 + ....... + n terms.
= n(152 2n)
Now had the workers not dropped then
the work would have finished in (n 8)
days with 150 workers working on each
day.
Total number of workers who would
have worked all the n days is 150(n 8).
n(152 2n) = 150(n 8)
n
2
n 600 = 0
(n 25) (n + 24) = 0
n = 25 or n = 24 (Reject)
n = 25.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 3
1. (B) a
n
= a + (n 1)d
210 = 21 + (n 1) 21
n 1 =
210 21
21
n = 10.
2. (A) a
18
a
14
= 32 a + 17d (a + 13d) = 32
d =
32
4
d = 8.
3. S
n
= 2n
2
+ 5n
S
n1
= 2(n 1)
2
+ 5(n 1)
= 2(n
2
+ 1 2n) + 5n 5
= 2n
2
+ n 3
n
th
term= S
n
S
n 1
= 2n
2
+ 5n (2n
2
+ n 3)
= 4n + 3.
4. False, because n
th
term of an A.P. is always
a linear polynomial in n.
5. First term of the A.P. = a =
4
3
Common difference of the A.P. = d
= 1
_

,
4
3
=
1
3
Let the A.P. consists n terms.
n
th
term =
1
4
3
=
13
3
...(i)
But n
th
term is given by
a
n
= a + (n 1)d
=
4
3
+ (n 1)
1
3
=
3
n

5
3
...(ii)
From equations (i) and (ii), we get
3
n

5
3
=
13
3
n = 18
Since n = 18 is even number so, the middle
most terms will be
th
18
2
_

,
and
th
18
1
2
_
+

,
terms, i.e., 9
th
and 10
th
terms.
Now, a
9
=
4
3
+ (9 1)
1
3
=
4
3
+
8
3
=
4
3
And a
10
=
4
3
+ (10 1)
1
3
=
4
3
+
9
3
=
5
3
Therefore, the required sum
= a
9
+ a
10
=
4
3
+
5
3
=
9
3
= 3.
6. First term= a =
+
x y
x y
Common difference = d =
+
3 2 x y
x y

+
x y
x y
=
+
2 x y
x y
Now, sum of n terms
=
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d]
=
2
n 2
2 ( 1)
x y x y
n
x y x y
1
+
1
+ +
]
=
2 2 2 2
2
x y nx ny x y n
x y
1 + +
1
+
]
=
2
2
nx ny y n
x y
_

+
,
=
( ) + 2
n
x y
{n(2x y) y}.
7. Let the first term and the common difference
of the given A.P. be a and d respectively.
According to the given condition,
11
18
a
a
=
10 2 2
3 17 3
a d
a d
+

+
[Using a
n
= a + (n 1)d]
3a + 30d = 2a + 34d
a = 4d
Now,
5
21
a
a
=
+
+
4
20
a d
a d
=
4 4
4 20
d d
d d
+
+
(Substituting a = 4d)
=
8 1
24 3
d
d
i.e., a
5
: a
21
= 1 : 3.
Now,
5
21
S
S
=
+ 1
]
+ 1
]
5
2 4
2
21
2 20
2
a d
a d
( )
Using S 2 1
2
n
n
a n d
1
+
1
]
=
( )
( )
5 8 4
21 8 20
d d
d d
+
+
[Substituting a = 4d]
=
60
588
d
d
=
5
49
i.e., S
5
: S
21
= 5 : 49.
8. Distances covered by a girl during 1
st
minute, 2
nd
minute, 3
rd
minute,..... are
respectively 20 m, 18 m, 16 m,.......which
form an A.P. with first term (a) = 20 m and
common difference (d) = 2 m.
(i) Distance covered in 10
th
minute
= 10
th
term of the A.P.
= a + (10 1)d = 20 + 9 ( 2) = 20 18
= 2 m.
(ii) Distance covered in 10 minutes
= sum of first 10 terms
=
10
2
[2a + (10 1)d] = 5[2 20 + 9 ( 2)]
= 5 22 = 110 m.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 4
1. (D) 2 + 4 + 6 +....... n terms
= k(1 + 3 + 5 +..... n terms)
2(1 + 2 + 3 +........ n terms)
= k(1 + 3 + 5 + ...... n terms)
2
+ ( 1)
2
n n
= k
2
n
{2 + (n 1) 2}
n
2
+ n = kn
2
k =
1 n
n
+
.
2. (D) a + 8d = 449 and a + 448d = 9
a = 457; d = 1
Further, 0 = 457 + (n 1) (1)
n = 458.
3. Let the A.P. has n terms. So, a
n
= 2a.
2a = a + (n 1) (b a)
2a = a + n(b a) b + a
n =
b
b a
S
n
=
( ) 2
b
b a
(a + 2a)
S
n
=
( )
3
2
ab
b a
.
4. Yes; the first term is ` 2000 of an A.P. and
the common difference is ` 200 which is
interest per year.
5. The integers between 100 and 200, which
are divisible by 9 are:
108, 117, 126,........, 198.
Which is an A.P. with first term(a) = 108
and common difference (d) = 9.
Let this A.P. has n terms n
th
term is given by
a
n
= a + (n 1)d 198 = 108 + (n 1) 9
n 1 =
198108
9
n = 1 +
90
9
n = 11
Now,
S
n
=
2
n
(a + l), l being last term
S
11
=
11
2
(108 + 198) =
11
2
306
= 1683.
Required sum
= 101 + 102 +....+ 199 S
11
=
99
2
(101 + 199) 1683 = 14850 1683
= 13167.
6. We need to prove
(x + 2y z) (2y + z x) (z + x y) = 4xyz
...(i)
If x, y, z are in A.P., then
y x = z y y =
2
z x +
...(ii)
Let us take LHS of (i)
(x + 2y z) (2y + z x) (z + x y)
= (x + z + x z) (z + x + z x)

2
z x
z x
+
_
+

,
[Using (ii)]
= 2x 2z
2
z x +
= 2xz(z + x)
= 2xz 2y [Using (ii)]
= 4xyz = RHS. Hence proved.
7. Let first term= a,
Common difference = d
Sum of first n terms =
2
n
[2a + (n 1)d]
Sum of first 20 terms = 400
20
2
[2a + (20 1)d] = 400
2a + 19d = 40 ...(i)
Sum of first 40 terms = 1600
40
2
[2a + (40 1)d] = 1600
2a + 39d = 80 ...(ii)
we get
20d = 40 d = 2
Substituting d = 2 in equation (i), we get
2a + 38 = 40 a = 1
Now,
sum of first 10 terms =
10
2
[2a + (10 1)d]
= 5(2 + 9 2)
= 100.
8. See Worksheet 37, Sol. 8 (OR part).
CHAPTER TEST
1. (C) S
n
=
2
n
(a + a
n
) 399 =
2
n
(1 + 20)
21n = 2 399 n = 38.
2. (B) a + d = 13 and a + 4d = 25
a = 9, d = 4
Now, a
7
= a + 6d = 9 + 24 = 33.
3. (A) a
p
=
3 1
6
p
a
n
=
3 1
6
n
and a
1
=
1
3
Now, S
n
=
2
n
_
+

,
1 3 1
3 6
n
=
12
n
(3n + 1).
4. Let the n
th
term be required
a
9
= 449 a + 8d = 449
a
449
= 9 a + 448d = 9
So, a = 457 and d = 1
Now, a
n
= 300 457 + (n 1) (1) = 300
(n 1) = 157 n = 158.
5. True, the reason is:
d = 14 8 = 6, a = 8
a
53
= a + 52d = 8 + 52 6 = 320
a
41
= a + 40d = 8 + 40 6 = 248
Now, a
53
a
41
= 72.
6. The first two digit number divisible by 4 is
12 and the others are: 16, 20, 24,............., 96.
Now, we have to find the sum of the
following series:
12 + 16 + 20 +.............+ 96
Here, a = 12, d = 16 12 = 20 16 = 4
Let the number of terms in the series be n.
n
th
term is given by
a + (n 1)d = 96
12 + (n 1) 4 = 96
(n 1) = 21
n = 22
Now, S
22
=
22
2
(12 + 96)
S ( )
2
n
n
a l
1
+
1
]
= 11 108 = 1188.
7. Let the profit to be ceased at n
th
day.
Sale on first day = ` 8100
Sale on second day = ` (8100 150)
= ` 7950
So, the sale (in `) will be day by day as
follows:
8100, 7950, 7800,..........n terms
Here, a = 8100, d = 150
The profit will be ceased when it is equal
to or less than ` 1500.
Therefore, 8100 + (n 1) ( 150) 1500
[ a
n
= a + (n 1)d]
8100 150n + 150 1500
150n 6750 n 45
Hence, the profit to be ceased at 45
th
day.
8. If x, y and z are in A.P., then
y =
+
2
x z
...(i)
Now, in the given equation,
LHS = (x + 2y z) (2y + z x) (z + x y)
= (x + x + z z) (x + z + z x) (2y y)
= 2x 2z y
= 4xyz
= RHS. Hence proved.
9. Total number of rungs =
_
+

,
2.5 m
1
25cm
=
250
25
+ 1 = 11
Length of the largest rung = 45 cm
Length of the shortest rung = 25 cm
Let the length of each rung decreases by
x cm from bottom to top.
So, lengths (in cm) of all rungs from
bottom to top are respectively
45, 45 x, 45 2x, .......25.
This is an A.P. of 11 terms
45 + (11 1) ( x) = 25
[Using a + (n 1) d = a
n
]
10x = 20 x = 2 cm
So, the A.P. now becomes
45, 43, 41,........., 25
Now, required length of wood
= Sum of this A.P.
=
11
2
(45 + 25) =
11
2
70
= 385 cm
Hence, the required length of the wood is
3.85 m.
3
Chapter
CIRCLES
6. See solved example 4.
7. AB = 13 cm, AC = 15 cm
Hint:
Use
ar(OBC + OAC + OAB)
= ar(ABC).
8. Hint: Join AB
Let OA= r OP = 2r
In OAP,
sin =
OA 1
OP 2 2
r
r
= =
= 30
APB = 2 30 = 60
In ABP, AP = BP
A = B
But, A + B = 180 APB = 120
A = B = 60
APB is an equilateral triangle.
WORKSHEET 42
1. (B) As OQP = 90
x = 90 30 = 60.
2. () QOR = 180 30 = 150
PRQ =
1
2
150 = 75.
3. (C) BC = BP + PC
= BR + CQ
= 3 + [AC AQ]
= 3 + [11 4]
= 10 cm.
WORKSHEET 41
1. (B) Join OX.
In XOY,
OXY= 90,
XY =
2 2
OY OX
=
2 2
13 5
= 12 cm.
2. (D) OT
2
+ TQ
2
= OQ
2
OT
2
+ (24)
2
= (25)
2
OT
2
= 625 576 = 49
OT = 7 cm.
3. (B) As AB || PR
BQR = ABQ = 70
(Alternate interiar angles)
Also ABQ = BAQ = 70
{ AMQ BMQ}
In AQB, using Angle sum property
AQB = 180 70 70 = 40.
4. False,
Perimeter of ABC = AB + BC + AC
= AB + BQ + CQ + CR + AR
= AB + BP + CQ + CQ + AP
= AB + (BP + AP) + 2CQ
= 2(AB + CQ)
= 2(8) = 16 cm.
5. LHS
= AB + CD
= (AP + PB) + (CR + RD)
= AS + BQ + CQ + DS
= (AS + DS) + (BQ + CQ)
= AD + BC
= RHS.
181 C R I C S E L
4. True.
Let M be the point of
contact and O be the
centre of the circle.
ABM = ACM
( AB = AC)
1
2
ABM =
1
2
ACM
OBM = OCM ... (i)
BMO = CMO ... (ii) (Each 90)
OM = OM ... (iii) (Common)
Using equations (i), (ii) and (iii) in BMO
and CMO, we have
BMO CMO (AAS corollory)
BM= CM (CPCT)
BC is bisected at the point of contact.
5. As AD + BC = AB + CD
AD + 7 = 6 + 4
AD= 3 cm.
6. 11 cm
Hint: OQBP is a square
OQ= BP = 11 cm.
7. Let the tangents be PQ and
PR corresponding to the
chord QR of the circle with
centre O.
Join OQ, OR and OP.
In PQO and PRO,
PQO = PRO = 90
(Angles formed between
tangent and corresponding
radius)
PO = PO (Common)
QO = RO (Radii of same circle)
Therefore, we arrive at
PQO PRO(RHS axiom of congruence)
So, PQ = PR ( CPCT)
Thus, PQR is an isosceles triangle.
PQR = PRQ. Hence proved.
8. Let the given parallelogram
be ABCD whose sides
touches a circles at P, Q, R
and S as shown in the
adjoining figure.
Since, length of two
tangents drawn from an
external point to a circle are equal.
AP = AS ...(i)
Similarly, we have
PB = BQ ...(ii)
DR = SD ...(iii)
RC = QC ...(iv)
Adding these four equations, we have
AP + PB + DR + RC = AS + BQ + SD + QC
(AP + PB) + (DR + RC)
= (AS + SD) + (BQ+QC)
AB + DC = AD + BC
AB = DC and AD = BC
(ABCD is a parallelogram)
AB = BC
Thus, AB = BC = CD = DA
Hence, ABCD is a rhombus.
9. Let line l be the
tangent at a
point P to the
circle with centre
O. Let us take
any point Q on
the tangent l as shown in the figure.
Join OQ to meet the circle at M.
We know that if a point is met with the
different points of a line, then the shortest
line segment is the perpendicular on that
line. Consider the adjoining figure:
OM = OP (Radii of same circle)
OQ = OM + MQ
OQ = OP + MQ
OQ > OP
i.e., OP < OQ
Clearly, OP is the shorter than OQ. Similarly,
we can prove that OP is the shortest all OV,
V being a variable point on the line other
than P. Therefore, OP is the perpendicular to
line l.
Hence, tangent l radius OP.
2nd Part: Join OY
OYX = 90
and OAY = b + a = OYA
[ OA = OY = radius]
b + a = 90 a
b + 2a = 90.
WORKSHEET 43
1. (B) Q = R = 90
In quadrilateral PQOR,
P = 360 (90 + 130 + 90) = 50
2. (C)
Hint: AC = 10 cm
ar(ABC)
= ar(AOB) + ar(BOC)
+ ar(AOC)
24 =
1
2
(8 r + 6 r + 10 r)
48 = r 24 r = 2 cm.
3. PTQ + POQ = 180
PTQ = 180 110
= 70.
4. CP = CQ = 11 cm
BQ = CQ CB
= 11 7 = 4 cm
BR = QB = 4 cm.
5. See Worksheet 42, Sol. 8.
6. Hint: XP = XQ
XA + AP = XB + BQ
XA + AR = XB + BR

AP AR
and BQ BR
=
.
7. Hint:
As PA= AC
.
.
. PAO CAO (SSS)
PAO= CAO (CPCT)
PAC = 2CAO
Similarly,
CBQ= 2CBO
As PAC + CBQ= 180
1
2
PAC +
1
2
CBQ=
1
2
180
CAO + CBO= 90
.
.
. AOB = 90.
8. 9 cm
Hint: AMP = 90
cos 60 =
AM
AP

1
2
=
AM
9
AM =
9
2
AB = 2AM AB = 9 cm.
WORKSHEET 44
1. (A)
See Worksheet 41, Sol. 2.
2. (C) PTQ + POQ = 180
PTQ = 180 115 = 65.
3. False.
OQL = 90
OQS = 90 SQL = 40
183 C R I C S E L
Similarly,
ORS = 90 SRM = 30
In SOQ, OSQ = OQS = 40
And in SOR, OSR = ORS = 30
QSR = OSQ + OSR
= 40 + 30 = 70.
4. Perimeter of ABC
= AB + BC + AC
= (AQ BQ) + BC + (AR CR)
= AQ+ AR + BC (BP + PC)
= 2AQ [ AQ = AR]
AQ = AR =
1
2
(Perimeter of ABC).
5. Let OT intersects PQ at M.
OM =
2 2
7 5
=
24
= 2 6 cm ... (i)
Let PTM = ... (ii)
Then TPM = 90 ... (iii)
And OPM = ... (iv)
( OP PT)
And MOP = 90 ... (v)
In TPM and POM,
TPM = POM = 90
[From (iii) and (v)]
PTO = MPO =
[From (ii) and (iv)]
TMP = PMO (Each 90)
So, by AAA criterion of similarity, we have
TPM ~ POM
TP
PO
=
PM
OM

TP
7
=
5
2 6
TP =
35
2 6
6
6
=
35 6
12
cm.
7. Let the given two
tangents be PA and PB
to the circle with
centre O.
We need to prove
APB + AOB = 180.
We know that the angle formed by a
tangent to the circle and the radius passing
through the point of contact is 90.
PAO = PBO = 90
Applying angle sum property in the
quadrilateral AOBP, we get
PAO + AOB + PBO + APB = 360
90 + AOB + 90 + APB = 360
AOB + APB = 180.
Hence proved.
8. We have given
l || m to a circle. DE
is intercept made
by tangent at C,
between l and m.
We have to prove DEF = 90
Construction: Join A to F, F to B and F to C.
Proof: In a triangles ADF and DFC, we have
DA= DC
(Tangents drawn from an external point
are equal in length)
DF = DF (Common)
AF = CF (Radii of the same circle)
ADF CDF (SSS)
ADF = CDF (CPCT)
ADC = 2CDF ... (i)
Similarly, CEB = 2CEF ... (ii)
Now, ADC + CEB = 180
Sum of the interior angles on the same side
of transversal is 180.
2CDF + 2CEF = 180
CDF + CEF = 90 ... (iii)
In DEF,
DEF + EDF + DFE = 180
90 + DFE = 180 [From (iii)]
DFE = 90.
Hence proved.
WORKSHEET 45
1. (D) Let radius = r
PO = PB = BQ = r
AB =
2 2
17 15
= 8 cm
Now,
AC = AR + RC
17 = 8 r + 15 r
2r = 23 17 = 6
r = 3 cm.
2. (B) AB =
2 2
OB OA
= 169 25
=
144
= 12 cm.
3. True, because in right angled isosceles
triangle AOB,
OP =
2 2
+ a a = 2 a
4. In APQ,
PAQ = AQP = (say)
( AP = PQ = radius)
RPB = QAP =
(Corresponding angles)
RPQ = AQP =
(Alternate angles)
Now, in RPQ and RPB,
RP = RP (Common)
RPQ = RPB (Each )
PQ = PB (Each radius)
So, by SAS creterion of similarity, we have
RPQ ~ RPB
RBP = RQP
But RQ PQ,
RQP = 90
RBP = 90
BR is tangent at B. Hence proved.
5. Join OR and OS.
Let AP = x AS = x
In quadrilateral OSDR,
O + S + D + R = 360
O + 90 + 90 + 90 = 360
( OS AD and OR CD)
O= 90
OSDR is a square.
DR = DS = r
Now, ABCD is a subscribed quadrilateral
AB + CD = BC + DA
x + 27 + 25 = 38 + r + x
r = 14 cm.
OR
We know that two
tangents drawn from
an external point to a
circle are equal in
length.
PA = PB
PBA = PAB = (say) ...(i)
APB = 180 2 ...(ii)
(Using APB)
Further, PA is tangent and AO is corres-
ponding radius
PA AO
PAO = 90
185 C R I C S E L
OAB = 90 PAB
OAB = 90 ...(iii)
Dividing equation (ii) by equation (iii), we
get
APB
OAB
=
180 2
90

=
( ) 2 90
90

= 2
APB = 2OAB. Hence proved.
7. Let the given quadrilate-
ral be ABCD subscribing
a circle with centre O. Let
the sides AB, BC, CD and
DA touch the circle at P,
Q, R and S respectively
(see figure).
Join OA, OB, OC, OD, OP, OQ, OR and OS.
We need to prove
AOB + COD = BOC + DOA = 180.
Proof: In AOP and AOS,
OP = OS (Radii of same circle)
AP =AS (Tangents from external points)
AO= AO (Common)
AOP AOS(SSS axiom of congruence)
1 = 8 ...(i) (CPCT)
Similarly, we can prove that
2 = 3, 4 = 5 and 6 = 7 ... (ii)
As, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are
subtended at a point
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8
= 360
1 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 5 + 5 + 6 + 6
= 360
Also, 8 + 8 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 4 + 7 + 7
= 360
[Using results from equations (i) and (ii)]
2(1 + 2) + 2(5 + 6) = 360
Also, 2(3 + 4) + 2(7 + 8) = 360
2AOB + 2COD = 360
Also, 2BOC + 2DOA = 360
AOB + COD = BOC + DOA
= 180
Hence proved.
8. See solved example 4 for first part.
Second part:
x + y = 12 ...(i)
10 x = 8 y
x + y = 2 ...(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii):
2y = 10
y = 5
x = 7
AD = 7 cm, BE = 5 cm, CF = 3 cm.
WORKSHEET46
1. (A)
As CD= DB = 4 cm
AD= CD = 4 cm
AB = 4 + 4
= 8 cm.
2. (B) Hint: AB = 2AM
3. Let CQ= x and
BQ= y such that x + y = c ... (i)
As CR and CQ are
tangents from the
external point C,
CQ= CR
x = a r ... (ii)
Similarly,
y = b r ... (iii)
Add (i) and (ii).
x + y = a + b 2r
c = a + b 2r [Using (i)]
r =
2
+ a b c
.
4. 16 cm
Given: AP = 5 cm
BP = 12 5 = 7 cm
also AP = 5 cm = AQ
QC = 14 5 = 9 cm
BC = BR + RC
= BP + CQ
= 7 + 9 = 16 cm.
7. For proof of theorem see solved example 4.
2nd Part.
See Worksheet 41, Sol. 5.
8. Join OB, OG, OA, OH and OC.
Radius = OD = OG = OH = 4 cm
HC = DC = 6 cm
BG= BD = 8 cm
Let AG= AH = x
ar(OBC)
=
1
base height
2

=
1
14 4
2

= 28 cm
2
ar(OAB) = ( )
1
+ 8 4
2
x
= (2x + 16) cm
2
ar(OBC) = ( )
1
+ 6 4
2
x
= (2x + 12) cm
2
ar(ABC) = 28 + 2x + 16 + 2x + 12
ar(ABC) = (4x + 56) cm
2
... (i)
In ABC,
s =
AB BC CA
2
+ +
=
8 14 6
2
+ + + + x x
= x + 14
ar(ABC) = ( ) ( ) ( ) AB BC CA s s s s
ar(ABC) = ( ) +14 6 8 x x ... (ii)
Comparing equations (i) and (ii), we get
4x + 56 = ( ) +14 6 8 x x
4
2
(x + 14)
2
= (x + 14) 6 x 8
(On squaring both sides)
16 (x + 14) (x + 14 3x) = 0
x = 7 as x 14 ( x > 0)
So, AB = x + 8 = 7 + 8 = 15 cm
and AC = x + 6 = 7 + 6 = 13 cm.
ASSESSMENT SHEET5
1. (B) BC = 2AB
= 2 169 25
= 24 cm.
2. (C) If a circle touches the sides of a
quadrilateral, then the angles subtended by
each pair of opposite sides are supplementary.
AOB + COD= 180
130 + COD= 180
COD= 50.
3. In right triangle AOP,
tan (APO) =
Perpendicular
Base
tan 30 =
AO
AP
1
3
=
5
AP
AP =
5 3
AP = BP = 5 3 cm.
4. True, because
MAB = ACB
and NAC = ABC,
But ABC = ACB
MAB = ABC
and NAC = ACB
But these are alternate pair of interior angles.
MN || BC.
5. Note that tangents
drawn from an
external point to a
circle are equal in
length.
Tangents are drawn from A, B and C, so we
respectively get
AQ= AR ... (i)
BQ= BP ... (ii)
And CR= CP ... (iii)
Taking equation (i), we
AQ= AR = AC + CR = AC + CP
[From (iii)]
= AC + BC BP
= AC + BC BQ [From (ii)]
= AC + BC (AQ AB)
187 C R I C S E L
= AC + BC + AB AQ
2 AQ= Perimeter of ABC
AQ=
1
2
(Perimeter of ABC)
Hence proved.
6. We are given two
tangents AP and BP
corresponding to
the chord AB of a
circle with centre O.
We need to prove
PAB = PBA
Join AO, BO and PO.
In AOP and BOP,
PAO= PBO = 90
(Angle between tangent and corresponding
radius)
OP = OP (Common)
AO= BO (Radii of same circle)
Therefore,
AOP BOP (RHS criterion)
PA= PB (CPCT)
Thus, PAB is an isosceles triangle.
PAB = PBA. Hence proved.
7. Let O be the
centre of the
circle. Join OT to
meet PQ at R.
Join OP and OQ.
In PTR and QTR,
PT = QT
(Tangents from an external point to the
same circle)
PTR= QTR
(Line segment joining the centre and the
point of intersection of the tangents bisects
the angle between the tangents)
TR= TR (Common)
Therefore,
PTR QTR (SAS criterion)
PR= QR (CPCT)
Also, ORP = ORQ = 90
(Angle between chord and the line segment
joining the centre and mid-point of the
chord)
ORP = PRT = 90
In OPR, OR=
2 2
OP PR
=
25 16
= 3 cm
(Pythagoras theorem)
Further in ORP and PRT,
ORP = PRT = 90
(Proved above)
OPR= PTR
( OPR = 90 RPT = 90 (90 PTR))
Therefore,
ORP PRT (AA criterion)
OR
PR
=
OP
TP
(Corresponding sides)
3
4
=
5
TP
TP =
20
3
cm.
8. Join QO and TO
to intersect PQ
at R.
In TOP and
TOQ,
TP = TQ
(Tangents from same external point)
PO= QO (Radii of same circle)
TO= TO (Common side)
So, TOP TOQ
(SSS criterion of congruence)
POR= QOR ... (i) (CPCT)
Now, in POR and QOR,
PO= QO (Radii of same circle)
POR= QOR [From (i)]
OR= OR (Common side)
So, POR QOR
(SAS criterion of congruence)
PRO= QRO ... (ii)
(Corresponding angles)
PRO + QRO = 180 ... (iii)
(Linear pair axiom)
From (ii) and (iii),
PRO= 90 ... (iv)
In TPO,
TPO= 90 ... (v)
(Angle between tangent and
corresponding radius)
Further, in PRO and TPO,
PRO= TPO = 90
[From (iv) and (v)]
POR= TOP (Common angle)
So, PRO~ TPO
(AA criterion of similarity)
OPR= OTP
OPQ=
1
2
PTQ
( OTP = OTQ)
i.e., PTQ= 2OPQ Hence proved.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 6
1. (D) Join OA
cos 30 =
AT
OT
AT = 6
3
2
= 3 3 cm.
2. (D) BAT = ACB = 55.
3. AD = DC = 4
AD = 4 cm
Similarly CD= DB = 4 cm
DB = 4 cm
AB = AD + DB = 4 + 4 = 8 cm.
4. False, because the centres of the circles lie on
the perpendicular of PQ, which passes
through A.
5. Let the sides AB,
BC and CA of the
ABC touch the
circle with centre O
at the point P, Q
and R respectively.
In quadrilateral OQCR,
OQC= ORC = 90
(Angles between tangent and
and QCR= 90 (Given)
QOR= 90
OQCR is a square
CQ= CR = r
BQ= a r, AR = b r,
AP = b r, PB = a r
But AB = c
b r + a r = c
2r = a + b c
r =
c
2
a b +
. Hence proved.
6. Draw a line QT
passing through Q
and perpendicular to
QP to meet SR at T.
In PQR,
PQ= PR
(Tangents from an external point)
PRQ= PQR ... (i)
(Angles opposite to equal sides)
PQR + PRQ + QPR = 180 ... (ii)
(Angle sum property for a triangle)
PQR + PQR + 30 = 180
PQR = PRQ = 75 ... (iii)
Now, TQR + PQR = 90
(Angle between tangent)
TQR = 15 ... (iv) [Using (iii)]
SR || QP and QT QP
QT SR
ST = TR ... (v)
( TQ passess through the centre of the
circle)
In STQ and RTQ,
ST = TR [From (v)]
STQ= RTQ ( QT SR)
TQ= TQ (Common)
STQ RTQ (SAS criterion)
SQT = RQT = 15 [Using (iv)]
SQT + TQR = 15 + 15
RQS = 30.
189 C R I C S E L
OR
APB = 120
APO = OPB = 60
In right-angled OAP
cos 60 =
AP
OP
1
2
=
AP
OP
OP = 2AP
7. Let O be the centre
of the circle with
radius r.
Join SO and RO.
In quadrilateral
DROS,
SDR = 90 ... (i) (Given)
and OSD= ORD = 90 ... (ii)
(Angle between tangent and
Therefore,
SOR = 90 ... (iii)
Quadrilateral DROS is a rectangle
[From (i), (ii) and (iii)]
But SO= SR (= r)
DROS is a square.
r = SO = DR = SD = OR ... (iv)
We know that tangents drawn from an
external point to a circle are equal.
BQ= BP = 27 cm
(Tangents from point B)
QC = BC BQ= 38 27 = 11 cm
RC = QC = 11 cm
(Tangents from point C)
DR = DC RC = 25 11 = 14 cm
r = 14 cm [From (iv)]
Hence, radius of the incircle is 14 cm.
8. Let AD = x. We
know that the
tangents drawn
from an external
point to a circle
are equal.
AD= AF = x
BD= BE and CE = CF
Now, BD= AB AD = 8 x = BE
and CE = BC BE = 10 (8 x)
= 2 + x = CF.
AF = AC CF = 12 (2 + x)
= 10 x = AD
But AD= x
10 x = x x = 5 cm, i.e., AD = 5 cm
BE = 8 x = 8 5 = 3 cm
and CF = 2 + x = 2 + 5 = 7 cm
Thus, AD= 5 cm, BE = 3 cm and CF = 7 cm.
CHAPTER TEST
1. (C) OA AT
OAT = 90
In OAT,
cos T =
AT
OT
cos 30 =
AT
4
AT = 2 3 cm.
2. (A) PAO = 90
OAB = PAO PAB
= PAO
1
2
(PAB + PBA)
( PAB = PBA)
= PAO
1
2
(180 APB) (ASP)
= 90
1
2
(180 50) = 25.
3. In right POQ,
PQ =
2 2
13 5
= 12 cm
PR = PQ = 12 cm
ar( PQOR)
= ar(PQO) + ar(PRO)
=
1
PQ QO
2

+
1
PR RO
2

=
1
12 5
2

+
1
12 5
2

= 2 30 = 60 cm
2
4. True, as BPA = 90, ( AB is diameter)
PAB = OPA = 60 ( OP = OA)
Also OP PT.
APT = 30
and PTA= 60 30 = 30.
5. Let the given chord be AB
and two tangents to the
circle with centre O be AP
and BP.
We need to prove
PAB = PBA
Join OA and OB.
Proof:
In AOB, AO = BO
ABO = BAO ... (i)
As, the tangent is perpendicular to the radius
passing through the point of contact,
PAO = PBO = 90 ... (ii)
Again, PAO= PBO [Using (ii)]
PAB + BAO= PBA + ABO
PAB + ABO= PBA + ABO
[Using (i)]
PAB = PBA.
6. Hint: AP = AU,
BP = BQ,
CR = CQ,
DR = DS,
ET = ES
FT = FU.
7. We know that the
tangents drawn from an
external point to a circle
are equal in length.
AQ= AR ... (i)
BQ= BP ... (ii)
and CP = CR ... (iii)
Now,
AQ= AB + BQ
= AB + BP [From (ii)]
= AB + (BC PC)
= AB + BC CR [From (iii)]
= AB + BC (AR AC)
= AB + BC + CA AR
= AB + BC + CA AQ [From (i)]
AQ + AQ= AB + BC + CA
AQ=
1
2
(AB + BC + CA)
Hence proved.
8. BCA= 90 ... (i) (Angle in semicircle)
PCA= PCB + BCA
110 = PCB + 90
PCB = 110 90 = 20 ...(ii)
Since PC is a tangent and CB is a chord
BAC = PCB = 20 ... (iii) [Using (ii)]
Now, applying angle sum property in ABC,
we have
CBA + BCA + CAB = 180
CBA + 90 + 20 = 180
CBA= 180 90 20 = 70.

191 R T S N O C U C T I O N S
4
Chapter
CONSTRUCTIONS
WORKSHEET 50
1. (D) Since, the angle between two radii of a circle and the angle between corresponding two
tangents are supplementary.
Required angle = 180 35 = 145.
2. (B) Out of the numbers 8 and 5 in
8
5
, the greater one is 8, so the required number of
points is 8.
3.
AB = 8.5 cm and
AC
CB
=
3
7
AC = 2.55 cm, CB = 5.95 cm.
4. Steps of construction:
First, we draw a triangle ABC such that AB = 4 cm, AC = 5 cm and BAC = 90. Further, we
will draw a triangle ABC similar to triangle ABC using the following steps.
Step I: Draw a ray BX making an acute angle with BC on the side opposite to vertex A.
Step II: Locate five points X
1
, X
2
, X
3
, X
4
and X
5
on BX so that BX
1
= X
1
X
2
= X
2
X
3
= X
3
X
4
= X
4
X
5
.
Step III: Join X
3
C and draw X
5
C || X
3
C to intersect BC extended at C.
Step IV: Draw CA || CA to intersect BA extended at A.
4
c
m
5
c
m
90
90
B C
C
A
A
X
X
1
X
2
X
3
X
4
X
5
Then, ABC ~ ABC.
Step I: First, draw a circle with radius as 5 cm and centre at O. Then take a point P so that
OP = 11 cm.
Step II: Bisect OP to find mid-point M of OP. Then take M as centre and MP = MO as radius,
draw a circle to intersect the previous circle at Q and R.
Step III: Join PQ and PR which are the required tangents.
After measuring PQ and PR, we find PQ = PR = 9.8 cm (approximately).
Justification:
Join OQ and OR.
In OPQ, OP = 11 cm, OQ = 5 cm and PQ = 9.8 cm
OP
2
OQ
2
= 11
2
5
2
= (11 + 5)(11 5) = 96
And PQ
2
= (9.8)
2
= 96.04
Clearly, OP
2
OQ
2
PQ
2
OP
2
= OQ
2
+ PQ
2
Also, OP
2
= OR
2
+ PR
2
Therefore, POQ and POR are right triangles with PQO = PRO = 90.
So, tangents are perpendicular to radii passing through their respective points of contact.
i.e., PQ OQ and PR OR.
6. C = 180 (B + A) = 180 150 = 30.
Steps of construction:
In order to construct a triangle similar to ABC, follow the following steps:
Step I: First, construct a ABC in which BC = 7 cm, B = 45 and C = 30.
Step II: Make an acute angle CBX such that X is on the side opposite to vertex A.
Step III: Locate four points namely X
1
, X
2
, X
3
and X
4
on BX such that BX
1
= X
1
X
2
= X
2
X
3
=
X
3
X
4
.
Step IV: Join X
3
C and draw a line X
4
C || X
3
C to intersect BC produced at C.
Step V: Draw a line CA parallel to side CA of ABC to intersect BA produced at A. Then,
ABC is the required triangle.
WORKSHEET 51
1. (B) Since 4 + 7 = 11, therefore, B will be joined to A
11
.
2. (D) The required angle and the angle between the two tangents are supplementary.
Required angle = 180 60 = 120.
3. Here, 5 + 8 = 13
AB = 7.6 cm
AC : BC = 5 : 8
AC = 2.92 cm and BC = 4.68 cm
First, we draw ABC with the given
measurements. Then we draw another
triangle ABC similar to ABC and of
scalar factor
3
4
using the following steps:
Step I: Draw a ray BX such that CBX is
an acute angle.
Step II: Mark X
1
, X
2
, X
3
, X
4
on BX such
that BX
1
= X
1
X
2
= X
2
X
3
= X
3
X
4
.
Step III: Join X
4
C and draw X
3
C || X
4
C.
Also, draw AC || AC.
Thus, ABC ABC.
5. Justification: In PQR and PQR, P = 45 is common and RQ || RQ.
PQR ~ PQR
We have draw PP
1
= P
1
P
2
= P
2
P
3
= P
3
P
4

3 4
3
P P 1
=
PP 3

3 4
3
P P 1
+ 1 = 1
PP 3
+

3 4 3
3
P P PP 4
=
PP 3
+

4
3
PP 4
=
PP 3
And P
3
Q || P
4
Q

PQ
PQ 3
4
= .
Also, PQR ~ PQR
Hence,
PQ
PQ
=
PR
PR
=
R Q
RQ

.
6. Steps of construction: In order to construct a pair of required tangents, follow the following
steps:
Step I: Draw a circle with radius OA = 3 cm and centre O.
Step II: Take any point P outside the circle
drawn in step I and join OP.
Step III: Obtain mid-point M of OP obtained
in step II and draw another circle with radius
OM = PM and centre M to intersect the
circle drawn in step I at A and B.
Step IV: Join PA and PB.
These PA and PB form the required pair of
tangents.
WORKSHEET 52
1. (C) The next step should be the line parallel
to B
5
C should be passed through B
4
as the
sides of required triangle are
4
5
of the
corresponding sides of ABC.
2. (C) Two distinct tangents to a circle can be
constructed from P only when P is situated
at a distance more than radius (here 2r)
from the centre.
3. False. In the ratio 3 + 2 : 3 2 , i.e.,
11 + 6 2 : 7, 11 + 6 2 is not a positive
integer, while 7 is.
4. Steps of construction: In order to construct a
ABC and its similar triangle with given
measurements, follow the following steps:
Step I: Draw a ABC in
which BC = 7 cm, B = 45 and
C = 180 (45 + 105) = 30.
Step II: Make an acut e
CBX such that X is on the
opposite side of the vertex
A and locate points B
1
, B
2
,
B
3
and B
4
on BX such that
BB
1
= B
1
B
2
= B
2
B
3
= B
3
B
4
.
Step III: Join B
3
C and draw
B
4
C || B
3
C to intersect BC
produced at C. Also draw
CA || CA to intersect BA produced at A.
Hence, ABC ~ ABC.
5. Steps of construction: In order to draw a pair of tangents to the given circle, follow the
following steps:
Step I: Draw a radius AO in the given circle with centre O and draw another radius making
an angle AOB of measure 180 60 = 120.
Step II: Make OAP = 90 and BOP = 90 to intersect each other at P.
Such obtained AP and BP are the required tangents such that APB = 60.
6. We are given a PQR with each
side of measure 6 cm.
Steps of construction: In order to
construct ABC follow the
following steps:
Step I: Make an acute angle RQX
and locate seven points Q
1
, Q
2
,
Q
3
, Q
4
, Q
5
, Q
6
and Q
7
on the ray
OX such that QQ
1
= Q
1
Q
2
= Q
2
Q
3
= Q
3
Q
4
= Q
4
Q
5
= Q
5
Q
6
= Q
6
Q
7
.
Step II: Join Q
7
R and draw Q
6
C
parallel to Q
7
R to intersect QR at
C.
Step III: Draw CA parallel to RP
to intersect BP (B and Q coincide)
at A.
Then, ABC is the required
triangle.
WORKSHEET 53
1. (A) Angle between the tangents is less than 180.
2. (B) Line segment A
5
B
7
divides the line
segment AB in the ratio 5 : 7.
3. False, because the point P lies inside the circle.
4.
Measuring the tangent AP, we get AP = 4.0 cm
5. We are given a circle of radius
4 cm and centre O.
Steps of construction: In order to
draw the required pair of tangents,
follow the following steps.
Step I: Draw a pair of radius OA
and OB inclined at an angle of
180 120 = 60 to intersect the
given circle at A and B respectively.
Step II: Draw perpendiculars AP and
BP which intersect each other at P.
Then AP and BP are the required
tangents.
Justification: In quadrilateral,
OBPA, applying Angle sum property,
we have
O + A + B + P = 360
60 + 90 + 90 + P = 360
P = 360 240 P = 120.
Angle between the tangents is 120.
6.
In the figure, ABC ~ ABC.
Steps of construction:
First, we draw ABC with the given
measurements. Then we draw another
triangle ABC similar to ABC and of
scalar factor
3
4
Step I: Draw a ray BX such that CBX is
an acute angle.
Step II: Mark X
1
, X
2
, X
3
, X
4
on BX such
that BX
1
= X
1
X
2
= X
2
X
3
= X
3
X
4
.
Step III: Join X
4
C and draw X
3
C || X
4
C.
Thus, ABC ABC.
1. (D) The minimum number of points should
be 9 as 9 > 5 out of the numerator and
denominator of
9
5
. The next step is to be
joined B
5
to C.
2. (B) Angle of inclination, here , can lie
between 0 and 180. So, the most
appropriate option is (B), i.e., 0 < < 180.
3. In the adjoining figure,
ABC ~ ABC such that
AB
AB
=
B C
BC

=
AC
AC
=
3
2
.
WORKSHEET 54
First, we draw ABC with the given measurements. Then we draw another triangle ABC
similar to ABC and of scalar factor
3
4
Step I: Draw a ray BX such that CBX is an acute angle.
Step II: Mark X
1
,

X
2
, X
3
, X
4
on BX such that BX
1
= X
1
X
2
= X
2
X
3
= X
3
X
4
.
Step III: Join X
4
C and draw X
3
C || X
4
C.
Thus, ABC ABC.
5.
1 5
2 =
2 2
Steps of construction: In order to construct an isosceles triangle and another triangle having
5
2
of its corresponding sides, follow the steps given below:
Step I: Construct an isosceles triangle having any length of equal sides by drawing base
QR = 8 cm and altitude PM = 4 cm passing through the mid-point M of side QR.
Step II: Draw a ray QX such that RQX is and acute angle; and divide the ray in five equal
parts, namely QQ
1
, Q
1
Q
2
, Q
2
Q
3
, Q
3
Q
4
and Q
4
Q
5
.
Step III: Join Q
2
R and draw Q
5
R || QR intersecting QR produced at R.
Step IV: Draw RP || RP intersecting QP produced at P.
Hence PQR is formed so that
P Q QR P R 5
= = =
PQ QR PR 2

.
6. Steps of construction: In order to draw the required pairs of tangents, follow the following
steps:
Step I: Draw a line segment AB of length 9 cm. Taking A as centre and radius 4 cm; and
B as centre and radius 3 cm, draw circles.
Step II: Find the mid-point M of AB. Then, taking M as centre and radius as AM = MB,
draw a circle to intersect circles drawn in step I at P, Q and R, S respectively.
Step III: Join AR, AS, BP and BQ.
Thus, obtained AR, AS and BP, BQ are the required pairs of tangents.
ASSESSMENT SHEET7
1. (C) The required angle say and the angle between the tangents are supplementary.
+ 120 = 180 = 60.
2. (C) Since AB is divided in the ratio s : t.
Therefore, the minimum number of points on AX would be s + t.
3. AB is the required tangent drawn from
point A to the circle with centre O
such that OA = 5 cm and OB = 3 cm.
4. True, because the angle between the tangents must be less than 180.
5.
We are given a circle with centre O and radius =
7
2
= 3.5 cm. We take points P and Q on
its extended diameter AB. Draw tangents PP
1
, PP
2
from P and QQ
1
, QQ
2
from Q, which
are the required tangents.
6. We are given a PQR with
PQ = QR = RP = 5 cm. To
draw AQB ~ PQR and
wi th gi ven scal e factor,
draw RQX < 90 and mark
Q
1
, Q
2
, Q
3
and Q
4
such that
QQ
1
= Q
1
Q
2
= Q
2
Q
3
= Q
3
Q
4
.
Join Q
4
R and draw Q
3
B || Q
4
R
and AB || PR.
Hence AQB ~ PQR with
AQ
PQ
=
QB
QR
=
AB
PR
=
3
4
.
7. First we draw ABC using the given measurements. Further, we follow the steps given
below:
(a) Draw acute angle BCX and mark C
1
, C
2
and C
3
on it such that CC
1
= C
1
C
2
= C
2
C
3
. Join
BC
3
and draw BC
2
|| BC
3
to meet BC at B.
(b) Draw BA || BA to meet AC at A.
Thus ABC ~ ABC.
Justification:
In ABC and ABC, AB || AB and BC is
transversal.
ABC = ABC = 90
Similarly, BAC = BAC
Therefore, ABC ~ ABC.
A B
=
B C
BC
=
A C
AC
...(i)
Let us take the ray CX.
CC
1
= C
1
C
2
= C
2
C
3
CC
1
+ C
1
C
2
= 2CC
1
and CC
1
+ C
1
C
2
+ C
2
C
3
= 3CC
1
CC
2
= 2CC
1
and CC
3
= 3CC
1
2
3
CC
CC
=
2
3
CB
CB
=
2
3
(Using Basic propor-
tionality theorem in BCC
3
)
From (i) and (ii),
A B
=
B C
BC
=
A C
AC
=
2
3
.
8. Let the common centre
of the two circles be O.
The point P is taken on
the outer circle. To draw
a pair of tangents from
P to the inner circle, we
follow the instructions
given below:
(a) Join PO and find its
mid-point M. Taking M
as centre, draw a circle
passing through P and
O to intersect the inner
circle at A and B.
(b) Join PA and PB.
PA and PB are the
required tangents.
Length of PA: On
measuring, the length of
PA is 4.0 cm.
Verification: Join AO.
AO = 3 cm.
In AOP, OAP = 90
PO
2
= AO
2
+ PA
2
5
2
= 3
2
+ PA
2
PA
2
= 25 9
PA
2
= 16 PA = 4
Clearly, PA is 4.0 cm.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 8
1. (C) Q
7
to R.
2. (D) 5 + 7 = 12.
3.
AP : PB = 4 : 5.
4. False, because in the ratio 3 1 : 3 1 + ,
i.e.,
2 3 : 1
, 2 3 is not a positive
integer, while 1 is.
5. To draw a pair of tangents from P to the
circle with centre O, we follow the steps as
given:
(a) Join OP and find its mid-point M.
(b) Taking M as centre and radius = MP =
MO, draw a circle to intersect the given
circle at A and B.
(c) Join PA and PB.
PA and PB are the required tangents.
On measuring, PA = 6.35 cm and
PB = 6.35 cm. Clearly, PA and PB are of
same length.
6. We know that the angle between a pair of tangents to a circle and the angle between
their corresponding radii are supplementary. Therefore, the angle between these radii
= 180 90 = 90.
PA and PB are the required tangents drawn from the external point P to the circle with
centre O and radius 4 cm.
In quadrilateral OAPB formed by tangents PA, PB and radii OA, OB, each internal
angle is of 90 and each side is of length 4 cm. Therefore, OAPB is a square. Perimeter
of square OAPB = 4 4 = 16 cm.
7. First we construct a ABC with the
given measurements. Then we
construct a ABC similar to ABC
and scale factor
5
7
. For it, we follow
the steps given below.
(a) Draw a ray BX such that O < CBX
< 90 and mark points B
1
, B
2
, B
3
, B
4
,
B
5
, B
6
and B
7
on it such that BB
1
=
B
1
B
2
= B
2
B
3
= B
3
B
4
= B
4
B
5
= B
5
B
6
=
B
6
B
7
.
(b) Join B
7
C and draw B
5
C' || B
7
C to
intersect BC at C and hence draw
AC || AC to intersect AB at A.
Thus ABC ~ ABC.
Justification: In CBB
7
,
CB
7
|| CB
5
and
5
7
BB
BB
=
5
7
.
So, by Thale's theorem,
BC
BC
=
5
7
...(i)
Similarly, in ABC,
A B
AB
=
5
7
...(ii)
Now, in ABC,
BC
BC
=
A B
AB
=
5
7
[Using (i) and (ii); and B = 90 (Given)]
ABC ~ ABC and
A B
AB
=
BC
BC
=
AC
AC

=
5
7
. Hence justified.
8. First we draw an isosceles triangle ABC with base BC = 7 cm and altitude AD = 4 cm.
Altitude passes through the mid-point D of BC. Hence we construct a ABC similar to
ABC and of scalar factor
1
1
2
, i.e.,
3
2
using following the steps given below:
(a) Draw an acute angle CBX opposite to the vertex A with respect to BC.
(b) Mark points X
1
, X
2
, X
3
on ray BX such that BX
1
= X
1
X
2
= X
2
X
3
.
(c) Join X
2
C and draw X
3
C || X
2
C to meet BC produced at C.
(d) Draw CA || CA to meet BA produced at A.
Thus formed ABC is similar to ABC and of scalar factor
3
2
.
CHAPTER TEST
1. (B) A line segment can't be divided in the ratio 6 1 + : 6 1, i.e., 7 2 6 + : 5 as
7 2 6 +
is
not a positive integer while 5 is.
2. (C) Line segment P
3
Q
2
divides PQ in 3 : 2 at M. Therefore, P
3
M: Q
2
M = 3 : 2 and so
Q
2
M: P
3
M = 2 : 3.
3. True, because the irrational ratio
1
3 :
3
can be converted into the rational ratio that is 3 : 1.
4. 180 60 = 120
Radius = 3 cm
Required tangents are
PA and PB.
5. Steps of construction: In order to draw pairs of tangents, follow the steps given below.
Step I: Draw a line segment AB = 6 cm and then taking A and B as centres, draw the circles
of radii 3 cm and 2 cm respectively.
Step II: Find M as mid-point of AB and taking it as centre and radius as AM= MB, draw a
circle intersecting the circle having the centre as A at P, Q and the circle having the centre as
B at R, S.
Step III: Join AR, AS, BP and BQ.
Thus, AR, AS and BP, BQ are the required pairs of tangents.
6. Steps of construction: In order to construct triangles ABC and AQR, follow the steps given
below:
Step I: Draw any line XY and take any point D on it.
Step II: Draw any ray DZ such that ZDY = 90. Locate point C on DZ such that CD = 3 cm.
Step III: Make an DCB = 30 such that CB intersects XY at B.
Step IV: Locate a point A on
XB such that AB = 5 cm and by
joining AC, we find ABC.
Step V: Make an acute angle
YAT and locate T
1
, T
2
and T
3
on the ray AT such that
AT
1
= T
1
T
2
= T
2
T
3
.
Step VI: Join T
2
B and draw
T
3
Q || T
2
B to intersect line AY
at Q. Also, draw QR to intersect
AC extended at R.
Thus, AQR is obtained such
that
ABC ~ AQR and
AQ QR AR 3
= = =
AB BC AC 2
.
211 E M O S C I L P P A A T I O N S O F N O G I R T O ...
5
Chapter
SOME APPLICATIONS OF TRIGONOMETRY
WORKSHEET 57
1. (A) cos 30 =
3
l
l = 2 3 m.
2. (B) sin 30 =
65
l
l = 130 m.
3. Let the height of the
tower be h.
tan 30 =
Perpendicular
Base
1
3
=
30
h
h = 10 3 m.
4. Let OA be the horizontal
ground and K be the
position of the kite at a
height h m above the
ground, then AK = h m. It
is given that OK = 100 m,
AOK = 60.
In AOK, right angled at A, we have
sin 60 =
100
h
h = 100 sin 60
h = 100
3
2
= 50 3 = 50 1.732
h = 86.60 m.
5. 4.28 m, 2.14 m
Hint: sin 60 =
3.7
l
tan 60 =
3.7
x
.
6. Height = 94.64 m, Distance = 109.3 m
Hint:
tan 45 =
QM
YM
YM = QM
But XP = YM
XP = QM
tan 60 =
40 + QM
QM
.
7. Let BD be the tower of
height h m and CD be
the pole. In right-angled
triangle ABD,
tan 45 =
BD
AB
1 =
AB
h
AB = h
In right-angled triangle ABC,
tan 60 =
BC
AB

3
=
BD + CD
AB
5 h +
h
=
3
h =
5
3 1
h =
5
1.732 1
h = 6.83 m.
8. Let the chimney be AB with base B and
anyone is walking from the point C to D.
In ABD, B = 90 and D = 45
DAB = 45 BD = BA ...(i)
In right angled ABC,
tan 30 =
AB
BC
1
3

AB
CD + BD
1
3
=
AB
50 + AB
3 AB = 50 + AB
AB =
3 1 50
3 1 3 1
+
+
=
( )
+ 50 3 1
2
AB = 25
( )
+ 3 1 = 25 (1.732 + 1)
= 68.30 m.
WORKSHEET 58
1. (A) ACB = XAC = 45
sin (ACB) =
20
x
and tan (ACB) =
20
y
x = 20 2 m and y = 20 m.
2. (D) tan 60 =
20
h
.
3
=
20
h
h = 20 3 m.
3. Let the length of
shadow of pol e
AB be BC = x, then
AB = x.
Also let be the
angle of elevation of
Sun's altitude.
In right-angled
triangle ABC,
tan =
x
x
= 45
Hence the angle of elevation of the Sun's
altitude is 45.
4. Let the angle of
elevation be . Let
the observer be AB
with his eye at A
and the tower be
EC.
CD= AB = 1.5 m
ED= 30 1.5 = 28.5 m
And AD= BC = 28.5 m
In right-angled ADE,
tan =
DE 28.5
1
AD 28.5
= 45.
5. Let the balloon be at the point O, the thread
be OA and the required height be OB.
Case I. The cable is inclined at 60.
sin 60 =
OB
OA
3
2
=
OB
215
OB =
215 3
2
=
215 1.732
2
= 186.19 m.
Case II. The cable is inclined at 60 15
= 45
sin 45 =
OB
OA

1 OB
215 2
OB =
215 2 215 2
2 2 2
=
215 1.414
2
= 152 m (approx.)
So, reduced height = 186.19 m 152 m
= 34.19 m.
6. Let AB is a hill and C and D be two city
centres subject to the angles of elevation
of the top A of hill AB at C and D are 30
and 60 respectively, then ACB = 30,
ADB = 60, AC = 9 km.
In right-angled ABC,
sin 30 =
AB
9
AB = 9 sin 30 = 9
1
2
= 4.5
In right-angled ABD, we have
sin 60 =
AB
AD
AD = AB cosec 60
AD = 4.5
2
3
=
9 3
3 3
= 3 3 = 3 1.732
= 5.196 5.20 km.
3. True.
tan C =
AB
BC
=
h
x
If AB =
11
10
h
and BC =
11
10
x
Then, tan C =
AB
BC
=
h
x
.
4. Let the height of the
tower CD be y metres
and the horizontal
distance of point A
from the building BC
is AB = x metres.
In right-angled triangle
ABC,
tan 45 =
20
x
x = 20 m
Also, in right-angled triangle ABD,
tan 60 =
+ 20 y
x
20 3
= 20 + y
y =
( )
20 3 1 m
Thus, the height of the tower is
( )
20 3 1
m.
5.
( )
7 3 1 + m
Hint: tan 45 =
AE
EC
EC = 7m
tan 60 =
DE
EC
.
6. Let the width of the river be AC such that
AC = AB + BC
Let P be the point on the bridge such that
BP = 3m.
7. Let the ladder and the
wall upto which the
ladder reaches be AC and
BC respectively.
(a) In ABC,
sin 30 =
BC
AC
1
2
=
BC
4
BC = 2 m.
(b) Also, cos 30 =
AB
AC

3
2
=
AB
4
AB =
2 3
m.
8. 2 m
Hint: h = height of pedestal
tan 45 =
h
x
x = h
tan 60 =
1.46 h +
h
.
WORKSHEET 59
1. (B) In ABC,
tan A=
BC
AB
tan A=
BC
3 BC
(
.
.
.
AB = 3 BC)
tan A=
1
3
= tan 30
Angle of elevation is 30.
2. (C) In ABC,
tan 60 =
AB
BC
3
=
30
BC
BC =
30
3
, BC = 10 3 m.
In right-angled triangle ABP,
tan 30 =
3
AB
AB = 3 3 m
Also in CBP, tan 45 =
3
BC
BC = 3 m
Now, AC = AB + BC= 3 3 + 3 = 3( 3 + 1) m
Hence, width of the river is 3(
3
+ 1) m.
7. Let the tower be BC the flagstaff
be AB and the point on the plane
be P.
Let BC = h
In right-angled BCP,
tan 30 =
PC
h
PC = h cot 30 ...(i)
In right-angled ACP,
tan 60 =
5+
PC
h
PC = (5 + h) cot 60 ...(ii)
Comparing equations (i) and (ii), we have
h cot 30 = (5 + h) cot 60
3 h
= (5 + h)
1
3
3h = 5 + h
h = 2.5
Hence, the height of the tower is 2.5 m.
OR
Let the two planes be at A and B respectively.
Also P be the point on the ground
In right-angled triangle APC,
tan 30 =
3125
PC
PC = 3125 3 m
Also in right-angled triangle BPC,
tan 60 =
BC
PC
BC = 3125 3 3 = 3 3125
AB = BC AC = 3 3125 3125
= 2 3125 = 6250 m.
Hence, distance between the two planes is
6250 m.
8. Let the tower be PQ and the objects be A
and B.
XQA= 45
and XQB = 60
QAP = 45
and QBP = 60
(Alternate angles)
In right APQ,
PAQ + PQA= 90
PQA = 90 45 = 45 (PAQ = 45)
AP = PQ = 150 ( PQ = 150 m)
AB + BP = 150 ...(i)
In right BPQ,
tan 60 =
PQ
BP

3

150
BP
BP =
150
3
...(ii)
Putting BP =
150
3
in equation (i), we get
AB +
150
3
= 150 AB = 150
_

,
1
1
3
AB = 150
3 1
3

3
3
= 50
( )
3 3
= 50 (3 1.73) = 50 1.27
AB = 63.50 m
Thus, distance between the two objects is
63.50 m.
WORKSHEET 60
1. (C) tan 45 =
OP
PQ
=
QP
a
1 =
QP
a
QP = a m
ar(OPQ) =
1
2
QP OP
=
1
2
a a =
1
2
a
2
.
2. (B) tan 60 =
TP
PO
3
=
TP
40
TP = 40 3 m.
3. True
tan 30 =
AB
BC
1
3
=
AB
81
AB =
81
3
=
81 3
3
AB =
811.732
3
= 46.76 m.
4. Let the height of the pole AB = x m
Length of the rope AC = 20 m
In ABC,
ACB = 30
sin 30 =
AB
AC
1
2
=
20
x
x = 10 m
Height of the pole = 10 m.
5. Let the tree be PQ, the width of the river be
MP and the person moves from M to S.
In right PQS,
tan 45 =
PQ
PS
1 =
PQ
PS
PS = PQ
PM + MS = PQ
PM + 40 = PQ ...(i)
In right PQM,
tan 60 =
PQ
PM

PQ
3
PM
PQ= 3 PM ...(ii)
PM + 40 = 3 PM
PM=
3 + 1 40
3 1 3 + 1
PM=
( )
20 3 + 1 ... (iii)
From equations (ii) and (iii),
PQ =
( ) ( )
3 20 3 + 1 20 3 + 3
Hence height of the tree and the width of the
river are
( )
20 3 + 3 m and
( )
20 3 + 1 m
respectively.
6. 6.34 m
Hint: tan 45 =
1 2 +
15
y y
y
1
+ y
2
= 15 (i)
tan 30 =
1
15
y
y
1
=
15
3
(ii)
y
2
= 15 y
1
= 6.34 m.
7. Distance = 17.32 m, Height = 40 m
Hint: tan 30 =
10
x
x = 10 3 m
tan 60 =
10 3
y
y = 30 m.
8. Let the plane moves from P to Q in 30
seconds and the points H and K on the
ground be just below the points P and Q
respectively.
In right AQK,
tan 30 =
QK
AK

1
3

3600 3
AK
AK = 10800 ...(i)
In right APH,
tan 60 =
PH
AH
3
=
3600 3
AH
[ PH = QK = 3600 3]
AH= 3600 ...(ii)
Now, PQ= HK = AK AH
PQ= 10800 3600
PQ= 7200
Speed =
Distance travelled
Time
Speed =
PQ 7200
=
30 30
= 240 m/s =
3600
240
1000
km/h
= 864 km/h.
WORKSHEET 61
1. (A) tan C =
AB
BC
tan C =
AB
AB
( BC = AB)
tan C = 1 = tan 45
C = 45.
2. (D) tan C =
AB
BC
tan 60 =
15
BC
3
=
15
BC
BC =
15
3
BC = 5 3 m.
3. False.
Let height of the tower is h metres so the
angle of elevation is 30.
tan 30 =
BC
h
1
3
=
BC
h
BC = h 3 ... (i)
When height = 2h,
tan =
AB
BC
tan =
2
3
h
h
[From (i)]
tan =
2
3
tan 60.
4. Let AB be the ladder leaning against a wall
OB such that OAB = 60 and OA = 9.6 m.
In OAB right angled at O, we have
cos 60 =
OA
AB
AB =
OA
cos 60
AB =
9.6
0.5
= 19.2 m.
5. Let the point, cloud and reflection of the
cloud be at P, Q and Q respectively.
Let PM = x, QM = y
We have to find QB, i.e., y + h
In right-angled triangle QPM,
tan =
y
x
x =
tan
y
(i)
Also in right-angled triangle QPM,
tan =
+ 2 y h
x
tan
tan
y
= y + 2h
[From equation (i)]
y
_
,
tan
1
tan
= 2h
y + h = h
2 tan
1
tan tan
1
+
1

]
=
( ) tan tan
tan tan
h +

.
Hence proved.
6. Hint:
ED = AC = length of ladder = l (say)
Now, cos =
BC y
l
, sin =
+ b x
l
,
cos =
+ y a
l
, sin =
x
l
,
Consider,
cos cos
sin sin

=
y y a
l l
x b x
l l
+
=
a
b
=
a
b
.
7. 250 m
Hint: tan =
h
x
=
5
7
tan =
+ 150
h
x
=
1
2
.
8. Let the tower, the flagstaff
and the point on the plane
be AB, BC and P respec-
tively.
Let AB = y and AP = x
In ABP,
tan =
y
x
1
x
=
tan
y
...(i)
In ACP,
tan =
+ h y
x
1
x
=
+
tan
h y
...(ii)
tan
y
=
+
tan
h y
y tan = h tan + y tan
y (tan tan ) = h tan
y =

tan
tan tan
h
. Hence proved.
WORKSHEET 62
1. (C) sin 30 =
AB
AC
1
2

AB
15
AB =
15
2
m.
2. (B) tan C =
AB
BC
=
3
h
h
tan =
1
3
= tan 30
= 30.
3. True.
As tan =
AB
BC
tan =
AB
AB
( AB = BC)
tan = 1 = tan 45
= 45.
4. Let AB be the tower and C be the point on
the ground.
In ABC,
tan 30 =
AB
BC
1
3
=
AB
30
AB =
30
3
= 10 3 m.
Hence, the height of the tower is 10 3 m.
5. Let the height (PQ) of mountain be h km.
sin 30 =
BC
1
BC =
1
2
km
DP =
1
2
km (i)
Also, cos 30 =
AB
1
AB =
3
2
km (ii)
Similarly, from right-angled APQ,
AP = PQ = h (iii)
And from right-angled CDQ,
3
=
DQ
CD
3
=
DP
AB
h
h
[From (iii)]
3
=
1
2
3
2
h
h
[From (i) and (ii)]

h =
1
3 1
=
3 1
2
+
= 1.366 km.
6. Let the aero-
plane' s first
situation be at
A and second
at B. Let the
point of obser-
vation be at O.
From right-angled AOD,
tan 45 =
AD
OD
OD = 3000 m
Again from right-angled BOC,
tan 30 =
3000
3000 +DC
DC = 3000 ( )
3 1
m
Now speed of the plane
=
Distance
Time
=
( )
3000 3 1
15

[ ] DC AB =
= 146.42 m/sec
7. Let the height of
the tower PQ and
the width of the
canal AP be h and
x respectively.
Let the another
point be B such that
AB = 20 m
In right APQ,
tan 60 =
h
x
h = 3 x ...(i)
In right BPQ,
tan 30 =
+ 20
h
x
h 3 = 20 + x ... (ii)
3 x 3 = 20 + x 2x = 20
x = 10
Substitute x = 10 in equation (i) to get
h = 10 3
Hence, the height of the tower is 10 3 m
and the width of the canal is 10 m.
8. Let O be centre of
the balloon of radius
r and P the eye of
the observer. Let PA,
PB be tangents from
P to the balloon.
Then,
APB =
.
.
. APO = BPO=
2
.
.
. OL PX, OPL =
.
.
. In OAP, sin
2
=
OA
OP
OP = r cosec
2
In OPL, sin =
OL
OP
OL = r cosec
2
sin .
ASSESSMENT SHEET 9
1. (C) Given:
AB : BC = 1 :
1
3
i.e., AB : BC =
3 : 1
i.e.,
AB
BC
=
3
1
tan =
AB
BC
=
3
= tan 60
= 60.
2. (A) sin 30 =
BC
AB
1
2
=
BC
5
BC =
5
2
m.
3. Wire is AB.
CE = BD = 14 m.
AE = AC + CE
20 = AC + 14
AC = 6 m
In ABC, C = 90,
sin 30 =
6
AB
1
2
=
6
AB
AB = 12 m.
4. False, because the tangent of the angle of
elevation doubles not
the angle of elevation.
5. BC is the multi-storeyed
building with the foot
B and the top C as the
point of observation.
AD is the building with
bottom A and the top D. Draw DE AB
(see figure).
Given angles are XCD = 30 and
XCA = 45. CDE and XCD are alternate
interior angles.
CDE = XCD = 30.
Similarly, CAB = XCA = 45
BE = AD = 8 m
In right triangle ABC,
tan 45 =
CE+BE
AB
1 =
CE+8
AB
AB = CE + 8 ...(i)
Also, in right triangle DCE,
tan 30 =
CE
DE

1
3
=
CE
AB
( DE = AB)
AB = 3 CE ...(ii)
From equations (i) and (ii), we get
( )
3 1
CE = 8
CE =
8 3 + 1
3 1 3 + 1
=
8 (1.73 + 1)
3 1
= 10.92 m.
Substituting CE = 10.92 in (i), we get
AB = 10.92 + 8 = 18.92 m
Further, BC = BE + CE = 8 + 10.92
= 18.92 m
Hence, the height of the multi-storyed
building and the distance between the two
buildings is 18.92 metres each.
6. Let AB be the first tower
with bottom A and CD
be the second tower
with bottom C.
BE = 80 m
CD = 160 m
AB = CE
XD || BE and BD is the transversal
DBE = XDB = 30
In right triangle BDE,
tan 30 =
DE
BE
=
CD CE
BE
1
3
=
160 AB
80
160 AB =
80
3
AB = 160
80 80 3
160
3 3
=
=
480 80 3
3
=
480 80 1.732
3
= 113.81
Hence, the height of the first tower is 113.81
metres.
7. Let the lower window, upper window and
the balloon be at A, B and C respectively.
AB = AD = EF = FG = 2 m ...(i)
BG = AF ...(ii)
In right triangle BCG,
tan 30 =
CG
BG

1
3
=
CG
BG
CG =
1
3
BG
...(iii)
In right triangle ACF,
tan 60 =
CF
AF
3
=
CG+2
BG
BG =
CG+2
3
...(iv)
From equations (iii) and (iv),
CG =
1
3

CG+2
3
3CG = CG + 2
CG = 1 ...(v)
Now, CE = CG + FG + EF
= 1 + 2 + 2 [Using (i) and (v)]
= 5
Hence, the height of the balloon is 5 metres.
8. Let the tower be AB, the flagstaff BC and
the point on the plane P.
Let AB = y and AP = x
In PAB,
tan =
AB
AP
=
y
x
...(i)
In PAC,
tan =
AC
AP
tan =
+ h y
x
...(ii)
x =
tan
y
=
+
tan
h y
tan
y
=
tan
h
+
tan
y
_

,
1 1
tan tan
y =
tan
h

tan tan
tan tan
y =
tan
h
y =

tan
tan tan
h
Hence, the height of the tower AB is

tan
tan tan
h
.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 10
1. (A) cos 45 =
10 2
AC

1
2

10 2
AC
AC = 20 m.
2. (B) YAM = XYA = 45; tan 45 =
25
AM
AM = 25 m
Time =
25
5
= 5 seconds.
3. Let the kite be at A and the thread AB.
AC = 75 m;
ABC = 60
sin 60 =
AC
AB
3
2
=
75
AB
AB =
150 3
3 3
= 50 3 = 50 1.732
AB = 86.6
The length of the string to the nearest
metre is 87 metres.
4. False, the angle of elevation will remain
unchanged if the height of the tower is
increased by 10% too.
5. Let the trucks be at A
and B; the balloon at P
and the vertical line PQ.
XPA = 45
XPB = 60
PAQ and
PBQ are alternate
interior angles with
XPA and XPB respectively.
PAQ = 45 and PBQ = 60
In right PAQ,
tan 45 =
PQ
AQ
1 =
PQ
100 + BQ
BQ= PQ 100 ...(i)
In right PBQ,
tan 60 =
PQ
BQ

3
=
PQ
BQ
PQ= 3 BQ = 3 (PQ 100)
[Using (i)]
PQ
( )
3 1 = 100 3
PQ=
100 3
3 1
PQ=
100 3
3 1

+
+
3 1
3 1
= 50
( )
3 3 +
Therefore, height of the balloon is
50
( )
+ 3 3 metres.
6. Let P be the point on the bridge; A and B
are the two points on the opposite banks of
the river such that AB is the width of the
river. X
1
PA = 45, X
2
PB = 30.
Draw PC AB to meet AB at C.
PAB = X
1
PA
= 45
PBA= X
2
PB
= 30.
In right PAC,
tan 45 =
PC
AC
1 =
30
AC
AC = 30
In right PBC,
tan 30 =
PC
CB

1
3
=
30
CB
CB =
30 3
Now, AB = AC + CB = 30 + 30
3
= 30 + 30 1.732
= 30 + 51.96 = 81.96
Hence the width of the river is 81.96 metres.
7. Let the wall be AM.
Let the ladder changes its position from
AB to AB. Let the length of the ladder be
l such that
AB = AB = l
Let BM= y and
AM= z
In right triangle
ABM,
sin =
AM
AB
sin =
+
3
x
z
l
3 sin =
+3 x z
l
...(i)
And cos =
BM
AB
cos =
y
l
...(ii)
Add equations (i) and (ii) to get
3sin + cos =
+ +3 x y z
l
...(iii)
In right triangle ABM,
sin =

AM
AB
=
z
l
3 sin =
3z
l
...(iv)
And cos =

B M
A B
=
+ x y
l
...(v)
Add equations (iv) and (v) to get
3sin + cos =
+ +3 x y z
l
...(vi)
Divide equation (iii) by equation (vi) to get
+
+
3sin cos
3sin cos
= 1. Hence proved.
8. Let the observer be at P on the ground.
When the plane is at A vertically above C,
APC = 60.
When the plane is at B vertically above D,
BPD = 30.
AC = BD = 1.2 km = 1200 metres.
AB = CD
In right triangle APC,
tan 60 =
AC
PC
PC =
AC
tan60
=
1200
3
In right triangle BPD,
tan 30 =
BD
PD
=
BD
PC+CD
1
3
=
+
1200
1200
AB
3

1200
3
+ AB = 1200 3
AB = 1200 3
1200
3
AB =
2
1200
3
AB =
800 3
metres
Speed =
Distance travelled AB
Time 15sec
=
800 3 m
15sec
=
1
800 3 km
1000
15
h
60 60
=
800 3 60 60
1000 15

km/h
= 192 3 km/h = 192 1.73 km/h
= 332.16 km/h
Hence, the aeroplane is flying at a speed of
332.16 km/hr.
CHAPTER TEST
1. (A) From the adjoin-
ing figure, angle of
depression of P is
XOP = and angle
of depression of Q is
XOQ = 90 .
2. (B) tan 30 =
20 3
h
h = 20 m.
3. Let the tower be BC and the length of
shadow be AB.
tan 60 =
BC
AB
3
=
20
AB
AB =
20
3
m
AB =
20 3
3
m.
4. True, because the vertical tower, length of
the shadow and the ray of the sun make a
right angled isosceles triangle.
5. Let the ships be at A and B; and the tower
be PQ.
PAQ = XPA = 30
PBQ = XPB = 45
In right BPQ,
PBQ = 45, BPQ = 45
BQ = PQ = 75 ...(i)
In right PAQ,
tan 30 =
PQ
AB + BQ
AB + 75 = 75 3 [Using (i)]
AB =
( )
75 3 1 m.
6. 8 3 m
Hint: AC = AC
cos 30 =
8
AC
tan 30 =
BC
8
.
7. Let the window be
at P and height of
the opposite house
be h.
In right APQ,
tan 45 =
60
AQ
AQ = 60 BP = 60
In right BCP,
tan 60 =
60
60
h

60 3
= h 60
h = 60 +
60 3
= 60
( )
1 3 +
Thus, the required height is 60
( )
1 3 + m.
8. Let the cloud be at C, the point of
observation be at P and the reflection of
the cloud in the lake be at D. Let Q be any
point just below the cloud, 60 m above the
water level.
In right CPQ,
tan 30 =
CQ
PQ
1
3
=
60
PQ
h
PQ=
( ) 3 60 h ...(i)
In right DPQ,
tan 60 =
+60
PQ
h
PQ=
+60
3
h
...(ii)
Using equations (i) and (ii), we have
( ) 3 60 h =
+60
3
h
3h 180 = h + 60
h = 120
Hence, height of the cloud is 120 metres.

225
B O R P T I L I B A Y
6
Chapter
PROBABILITY
WORKSHEET 66
1. (C) Sample space: {HH, HT, TH, TT}
Favourable events: {HT, TH}
Required probability =
2 1
=
4 2
.
2. (D) Probability of non-happening of an
event = 1 Probability of happening of
that event
=
3
1
7
=
4
7
.
3. (C) Sample space is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} and
favourable events are {2, 3, 5}
3
6
=
1
2
.
4. No, because the number of favourable out-
comes of getting 6 and not 6 are respecti-
vely 1 and 5; and so their probabilities are
1
6
and
5
6
.
5. Sample space: {1, 2, 3, ......... ,99}
n(S) = 99.
The numbers divisible by 3 and 5 both are
numbers divisible by 15.
So, favourable outcomes are: {15, 30, 45, 60,
75, 90}
Let E be the event getting a number
divisible by 3 and 5.
n(E) = 6
P(E) =
(E) 6 2
(S) 99 33
n
n
= = .
6. (i)
1
23
(ii)
5
46
Hints:
(i) Prime numbers are 5 and 7.
(ii) Perfect square numbers are
9, 16, 25, 36, 49.
7. Let A = The event that 5 will not come up
either time.
Now sample space is given by
S ={(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5),
(1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5),
(2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4),
(3, 5), (3, 6), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4),
(4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4),
(5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4),
(6, 5), (6, 6)}
Total number of outcomes in sample space
n(S) = 36
A
= {(1, 5), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5),
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4),
(5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 5)}
n( )
A = 11
n(A) = n(S) n
( )
A = 36 11 = 25
(i) P(A) =
(A)
(S)
n
n
=
25
36
(ii) P( )
A =
(A)
(S)
n
n
=
11
36
.
8. Total number of marbles = 5 + 8 + 4 = 17
i.e., n(S) = 17
(i) Let E
1
be the event a red marble is
taken out.
n(E
1
) = 5
Now, P(E
1
) =
1
(E ) 5
(S) 17
n
n
= .
(ii) Let E
2
be the event a white marble is
taken out.
n(E
2
) = 8
Now, P(E
2
) =
2
(E ) 8
(S) 17
n
n
= .
(iii) Let E
3
be the event a non-green marble
is taken out.
n(E
3
) = 17 4 = 13
Now, P(E
3
) =
3
(E ) 13
=
(S) 17
n
n
.
9. The sample space is
S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
n(S) = 8
(i) Let E
1
be the event that the arrow will
point at 8, then
n(E
1
) = 1
P(E
1
) =
1
(E )
(S)
n
n
=
1
8
.
(ii) Let E
2
point at 1, 3, 5 or 7; then
n(E
2
) = 4
P(E
2
) =
2
(E ) 4 1
= =
(S) 8 2
n
n
.
(iii) Let E
3
point at 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8; then
n(E
3
) = 6
P(E
3
) =
3
(E ) 6 3
= =
(S) 8 4
n
n
.
(iv) Let E
4
point at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8; then
n(E
4
) = 8
P(E
4
) =
4
(E )
(S)
n
n
=
8
8
= 1.
WORKSHEET 67
1. ()
Hint: Outcomes in favourable event of
getting the sum as a perfect square are
(1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 6), (4, 5), (5, 4), (6, 3).
2. (D)
Hint: |x| 4 4 x 4
x = 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.
3. (B) P(getting a number less than 3)
=
2 1
6 3
= .
4. No, because the theoretical probability of
getting a head on tossing a coin is
1
2
and
the experimental probability tends to
1
2
when the number of tosses increases.
OR
n(S) = 100
Let E be the event of getting a prime.
The primes from 1 to 100 are:
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41,
43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97.
n(E) = 25
Now, P(E) =
(E) 25 1
(S) 100 4
n
n
= = .
5. Let S be the sample space and E be the
event that the sum of numbers appearing
on the dice is a prime.
E = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 1),
(2, 3), (2, 5), (3, 2), (3, 4), (4, 1), (4, 3),
(5, 2), (5, 6), (6, 1), (6, 5)}
n(E) = 15, n(S) = 36
Now, P(E) =
(E)
(S)
n
n
=
15
36
.
6. The sample space is
S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}
n(S) = 4
(i) The outcomes for at least one head:
{HH, HT, TH}
Probability (at least one head) =
3
4
.
(ii) The outcomes for at most one head:
{HT, TH, TT}
Probability (at most one head) =
3
4
.
(iii) The outcomes for one head: {HT, TH}
Probability (one head) =
2
4
=
1
2
.
OR
Total number of students = 23
n(S) = 23
Let E be the event that the selected student
is not from A, B and C.
n(E) = 23 4 8 5 = 6
Now, P(E) =
(E) 6
(S) 23
n
n
= .
227
7. All possible outcomes are
(1 1), (1 4), (1 9), (2 1), (2 4), (2 9),
(3 1), (3 4), (3 9),
i.e., 1, 4, 9, 2, 8, 18, 3, 12, 27.
n(S) = 9
n(favourable outcomes) = 5
Hence, probability (xy is less than 9) =
5
9
.
8. Let S be the sample space, then
n(S) = 52
(i) Let E
1
be the event that the card drawn
is neither a hearts nor a king.
Number of hearts = 13
Number of kings = 4
But one king is of hearts.
n(E
1
) = 52 13 4 + 1 = 36
Now, P(E
1
) =
1
(E )
(S)
n
n
=
36
52
=
9
13
.
(ii) Let E
2
is an ace of spades.
Since number of ace of spades is 1
n(E
2
) = 1
P(E
2
) =
1
52
(iii) Let E
3
is either a black card or a king.
Number of black cards
= Sum of numbers
of cards of clubs
and spades
= 13 + 13 = 26
Number of kings = 4
But 2 kings are black
n(E
3
) = 26 + 4 2 = 28
P(E
3
) =
28 7
52 13
= .
9. Number of outcomes in sample space
n(S) = 6
2
= 36
(i) Favourable outcomes are
E
1
= {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 6),
(2, 1), (2, 3), (2, 5), (3, 2), (3, 4),
(4, 1), (4, 3), (5, 2), (5, 6), (6, 1),
(6, 5)}
n(E
1
) = 15 P(E
1
) =
15
36
=
5
12
.
(ii) Favourable outcomes are
E
2
= {(4, 6), (5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 4), (6, 5),
(6, 6)}
n(E
2
) = 6 P(E
2
) =
6
36
=
1
6
.
(iii) Favourable outcomes are
E
3
= (2, 2), (4, 4), (6, 6)
n(E
3
) = 3 P(E
3
) =
3 1
=
36 12
.
(iv) Favourable outcomes are
E
4
= {(2, 3), (2, 6), (4, 3), (4, 6), (6, 3),
(6, 6), (3, 2), (3, 6), (3, 4), (6, 4), (6, 2)}
n(E
4
) = 11 P(E
4
) =
11
36
.
WORKSHEET 68
1. (C)
Hint: Sample space is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} and
set of favourable numbers is {2, 4, 6}.
2. (A)
Hint: The sum of probabilities of having a
particular event and not having the same
event is one.
3. (D) Total number of coins
= 100 + 50 + 20 + 10 = 180
So, total number of elementary events
= 180
Favourable number of elementary events
= 180 10 = 170
170
180
=
17
18
.
4. False, because the probability of each
outcome will be
1
2
only when the two
outcomes are equally likely otherwise not.
5. No, because areas of regions 3, 5 and 7 are
not equal.
6. All possible outcomes are given by
{(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6),
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6),
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6),
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6),
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
(i)
5
36
Hint: Favourable outcomes:
(2, 6), (6, 2), (3, 5), (5, 3), (4, 4).
(ii) 0
Hint: No, favourable outcome is possible.
(iii) 1
Hint: Favourable outcomes are the
same as the outcomes in sample space.
7. Let the number of black balls be x.
So, total number of balls = x + 5
Probability of drawing a black ball is
P
1
=
+ 5
x
x
Also, probability of drawing a red ball is
P
2
=
5
+ 5 x
According to the question, we have
P
1
= 2. P
2

2 5
=
+ 5 + 5
x
x x
x = 10.
Hence, the number of black balls is 10.
8. Number of all cards = 50 5 + 1 = 46
i.e., n(S) = 46
(i ) Let E
1
be the event that the number
on the card taken out is a prime less
than 10.
Prime numbers from 5 to 9 are 5
and 7.
n(E
1
) = 2
P(E
1
) =
1
(E ) 2 1
(S) 46 23
n
n
= = .
(ii ) Let E
2
be the event that the number on
the card taken out is a perfect square.
The perfect square numbers from
5 to 50 are 9, 16, 25, 36 and 49.
n(E
2
) = 5
P(E
2
) =
2
(E )
(S)
n
n
=
5
46
.
9. Number of all possible outcomes,
n(S) = 52
(i ) Number of spades = 13
Number of aces = 4
But 1 ace is of spades.
Number of favourable outcomes
= 13 + 4 1 = 16
P(card drawn is a spades or an ace)
=
16
52
=
4
13
.
(ii) Number of red kings = 2
P(card drawn is a red king)
=
2 1
52 26
= .
(iii) Number of kings = 4
Number of queens = 4
= 52 4 4 = 44
P (card drawn is neither a king nor a
queen)
=
44 11
=
52 13
.
(iv) Number of kings = 4
= 4 + 4 = 8
P(card drawn is either a king or a
queen) =
8 2
=
52 13
.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 11
1. (D) We know that probability (P) of any
event can be 0 P 1. Therefore,
15
14
> 1
cant be probability of an event.
2. (B) Let the number of bolts be x. Then
400
x
= 0.035 x = 400 0.035 x = 14.
229
3. Number of cards = 50
Prime numbers from 51 to 100 are: 53, 59,
61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97
Therefore, number of all possible outcomes
= 50.
And number of favourable outcomes = 10.
10 1
=
50 5
.
4. True,
Ratio of probabilities
= Ratio of areas of regions a, b and c
= Ratio of areas of corresponding sectors
= Ratio of corresponding angles
= 60 : 120 : 180 = 1 : 2 : 3.
5. A leap year contains 366 days, wherever
52 weeks and 2 days. There are 52
Thursdays in 52 weeks. Therefore, a leap
year consists 52 Thursdays and 2 days.
These two days may be one choice out of
the seven given below:
(i) Thursday and Friday
(ii) Friday and Saturday
(iii) Saturday and Sunday
(iv) Sunday and Monday
(v) Monday and Tuesday
(vi) Tuesday and Wednesday
(vii) Wednesday and Thursday
So, two days are either Thursday and
Friday or Wednesday and Thursday.
Clearly, the number of all possible
outcomes is 7 and the number of favourable
outcomes is 2.
Hence, required probability =
2
7
.
6. Let number of blue marbles= x
Number of green marbles = y
Number of white marbles = z
Therefore, x + y + z = 54
P(selecting a blue marble) =
x
x y z + +
1
3
=
54
x
x =
54
= 18
3
P(selecting a green marble) =
y
x y z + +
4
9
=
54
y
y =
454
9
= 24
Now, substituting x = 18, y = 24 in
x + y + z = 54, we get
18 + 24 + z = 54
z = 54 42
z = 12
Hence, the jar contains 12 white marbles.
7. Number of blue triangles = 3
Number of red triangles = 8 3 = 5
Number of blue squares = 6
Number of red squares = 10 6 = 4
Number of all possible outcomes
= 8 + 10 = 18
(i) P(a lost piece is a triangle)
=
8 4
18 9
= .
(ii) P(a lost piece is a square)
=
10 5
18 9
= .
(iii) P(a lost piece is a blue square)
=
6 1
18 3
= .
(iv) P(a lost piece is a red triangle)
=
5
18
.
8. Let E be the event of placing at least one
letter in the wrong envelope. Anyone
envelope can be filled with a letter in 4
ways. Second one can be filled by 3 ways.
Third one can be filled by 2 ways. And the
fourth one can be filled with the remaining
one letter in 1 way. Therefore, the four
letters are placed in the four envelopes in
4 3 2 1 = 24 ways. Out of these 24
ways, only 1 way is such that all the letters
are placed in the right envelopes and 23
ways are such that at least one letter is
placed in the wrong envelope.
P(E) =
23
24
.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 12
1. (B) P(getting X or Y)
= P(getting X) + P(getting Y)
=
2 1 3 1
+ = =
6 6 6 2
.
2. (C) Given: P(E) = 3 P(E) ... (i)
We have P(E) + P(E) = 1 ... (ii )
(i ) and (ii ) gives P(E) = 3 {1 P(E)}
i.e., 4 P(E) = 3, i.e., P(E) =
3
4
.
3. The number of outcomes when a pair of
dice is rolled = 6
2
= 36.
The outcomes such that the sum is divisible
by 3 are:
(1, 2), (1, 5), (2, 1), (2, 4), (3, 3), (3, 6), (4, 2),
(4, 5), (5, 1), (5, 4), (6, 3), (6, 6).
These are 12 outcomes.
by 2 are:
(1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 5), (2, 2), (2, 4), (2, 6), (3, 1),
(3, 3), (3, 5), (4, 2), (4, 4), (4, 6), (5, 1), (5, 3),
(5, 5), (6, 2), (6, 4), (6, 6).
by 6 are:
(1, 5), (2, 4), (3, 3), (4, 2), (5, 1), (6, 6).
Now, the number of outcomes which are
divisible by 3 or 2 is 12 + 18 6 = 24.
Hence, the required probability =
24 2
=
36 3
.
4. No.
An unbiased die has six equally likely
outcomes. These are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
Each of them has equal probability.
Therefore, the probability of getting 6 is
1
6
and that of not 6 is
5
6
.
5. All possible outcomes are given by
S = {1, 2, 3, ....., 1000}
n(S) = 1000
(i) Let E
1
be the event that the first player
wins a prize. Then,
E
1
= Perfect square numbers
greater than 500 and less
than 1001.
= 529, 576, 625, 676, 729,
784, 841, 900, 961.
n(E
1
) = 9
Now, P(E
1
) =
( )
1
E
(S)
n
n
=
9
1000
(ii ) Let E
2
be the event that the second
player wins a prize, if the first has won.
n(E
2
) = n(E
1
) 1 = 9 1 = 8
And number of all possible outcomes
= n(S) 1 = 1000 1 = 999
Now, P(E
2
) =
2
(E )
999
n
=
8
999
.
6. Let E
1
be the event the mobile phone is
acceptable to Varnika and E
2
be the event
the mobile phone is acceptable to the
trader.
n(E
1
) = Number of good mobile
phones
= 42
And n(E
2
) = Number of good mobile
phones + Number of mobile
phones having only minor
defects
= 42 + 3 = 45
Number of all mobile phones is given by
n(S) = 48
(i) P(E
1
) =
1
(E )
(S)
n
n
=
42
48
=
7
8
(ii) P(E
2
) =
2
(E )
(S)
n
n
=
45
48
=
15
16
.
231
7. When two dice are thrown, the sample
space is given by
S = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6),
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6),
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6),
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6),
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
n(S) = 36
(i) Let A
1
be the event product of the
numbers on the top of dice is 6. Then
A
1
= {(1, 6), (2, 3), (3, 2), (6, 1)}
n(A
1
) = 4
P(A
1
) =
1
(A ) 4 1
= =
(S) 36 9
n
n
.
(ii) Let A
2
numbers on the top of dice is 12.
Then,
A
2
= {(2, 6), (3, 4), (4, 3), (6, 2)}
n(E
2
) = 4
P(E
2
) =
2
(E )
(S)
n
n
=
4
36
=
1
9
.
(iii) Let A
3
numbers on the top of dice is 7. Then,
A
3
= Nil
n(E
3
) = 0
P(E
3
) =
3
(E )
(S)
n
n
=
(0)
36
= 0.
8. On tossing a coin 3 times, all possible
outcomes are given by the sample space as
S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT,
TTH, TTT}
n(S) = 8
(i) Let E
1
be the event of getting all heads,
then
E
1
= {HHH}
n(E
1
) = 1
Now, P(E
1
) =
1
(E )
(S)
n
n
=
1
8
.
(ii) Let E
2
be the event of getting at least
2 heads, then
E
2
= {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH}
n(E
2
) = 4
Now, P(E
2
) =
2
(E )
(S)
n
n
=
4
8
=
1
2
.
CHAPTER TEST
1. (B) Number of faces having B or C
= 2 + 1 = 3
Number of all faces = 6
P(getting B or C) =
3 1
=
6 2
.
2. (C) P(drawing a green ball)
= 3 P(drawing a red ball)
5 +
n
n
= 3
5
5 n +
n = 15.
3. (C) The even prime numbers from 1 to 6 is
2 only
P(getting an even prime number) =
1
6
.
4. Case I. 2 dice are thrown.
Number of all outcomes in the sample
space, n(S) = 6
2
= 36
Favourable numbers, n(E
1
) = 1
P(E
1
) =
1
36
Case II. 1 die is thrown.
Number of all outcomes, n(S) = 6
Favourable numbers, n(E
2
) = 1
P(E
2
) =
1
6
So, the student throwing one die has the
better chance because he has more
probability.
OR
The sample space is
S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT,
TTH, TTT}
n(S) = 8
The outcomes having at least two heads are
E = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH}
n(E) = 4
P(E) =
(E) 4 1
(S) 8 2
n
n
= = .
5. False, because there are equal probabilities
of getting the head or tail, that is
1
2
.
OR
Total number of outcomes, n(S) = 36
Favourable outcomes,
E = {(2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2)}
n(E) = 5
P(E) =
5
36
.
6. There are 52 cards in the pack. Therefore,
the number of outcomes in sample space is
given by
n(S) = 52
Number of hearts cards = 13
Number of queens of hearts = 1
So, number of favourable outcomes is given
by
n(E) = 52 (13 + 4 1) = 36
Now, the required probability will be given
by
P(E) =
(E) 36 9
= =
(S) 52 13
n
n
.
7. Area of the rectangular region
= Length Breadth
= 3 2 = 6 m
2
Area of circular region
= Radius
2
=
22 1
7 4
=
11
14
m
2
Now, required probability
=
Area of circular region
Area of rectangular region
=
11
14
6
=
11
14 6
=
11
84
.
8. (i)
1
2
(ii)
1
4
Hint: A, B, C and D can be arranged in 24
ways. A before B can be arranged in the
following ways:
CADB, DACB, CABD, DABC, ABCD,
ABDC, CDAB, DCAB, ACDB, ADCB,
ACBD, ADBC.
Out of these A just before B occurs in
6 ways.
9. Let the number of white balls be x and the
number of red balls be y.
Therefore,
2
x
=
3
y
3x 2y = 0 ... (i)
and 2(x + y) = 3y + 8
2x y = 8 ... (ii)
Solving equations (i ) and (ii ), we get
x = 16, y = 24
Number of non-red balls = number of white
balls = 16
P(choosing ball is not red)
=
16
16 24 +
=
16
40
=
2
5
.
233
O O C M O E G E T E D R I A N T R Y
7
Chapter
COORDINATE GEOMETRY
=
1
5(5 5) 4(5 7) 4(7 5)
2
+
=
1
(0 8 8)
2
+ + = 8 sq. units.
7. Let A(1, 7), B(4, 2), C(1, 1), D( 4, 4)
be the vertices.
AB =
( ) ( )
2 2
4 1 2 7 + =
34
BC =
( ) ( )
2 2
1 4 1 2 + =
34
CD =
( ) ( ) + + +
2 2
4 1 4 1 =
34
AD =
( ) ( )
2 2
4 1 4 7 + =
34
Also,
AC =
( ) ( )
2 2
1 1 1 7 + =
68
BD =
( ) ( )
2 2
4 4 2 4 + + =
68
So, AB = BC = CD = AD and diagonals,
i.e., AC = BD.
ABCD is a square.
8. Draw DE AB and join BD.
Since, diagonals of a parallelogram bisect
each other.
Mid-point of AC= Mid-point of BD
1
2
a +
=
2 4
2
{ Comparing only x-coordinate}
1 + a = 2
a = 3.
WORKSHEET72
1. (C)
Hint: Condition of collinearity must be
satisfied,
i.e., k( 2 4) + 6(4 3) + (3) (3 + 2) = 0
6k + 6 15 = 0 k =
3
2
.
2. (B)
Hint: Let the ratio is k : 1
Using section formula
0 =
5
1
k
k
+
+
k = 5.
3. 2 units
Hint: Distance =
2
2
2 8
(2 2)
5 5
_
+ +

,
=
10
5
= 2 units.
4. 2
Hint: Use AO = OB and apply distance
formula.
5. P( 7, 0)
Hint: Any point on x-axis is P(x, 0)
OR
Since, P is equidistant from A and B,
PA = PB PA
2
= PB
2
(x 3)
2
+ (y 6)
2
= (x + 3)
2
+ (y 4)
2
x
2
6x + 9 + y
2
+ 36 12y
= x
2
+ 6x + 9 + y
2
8y + 16
6x 6x 12y + 8y + 9 + 36 9 16 = 0
12x 4y + 20 = 0
3x + y 5 = 0. Hence proved.
6. LetA( 5, 7) A(x
1
, y
1
); B( 4, 5) B(x
2
, y
2
)
and C(4, 5) C(x
3
, y
3
)
Now, area of ABC
=
1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2
1
( ) ( ) ( )
2
x y y x y y x y y + +
Now,
ar(ABD) =
1
1(3 3) 2( 3 2) 4( 2 3)
2
+ + +
=
+
1
(6 2 20)
2
= 12 ...(i)
Also,
ar(ABD) =
1
2
base altitude
=
1
2
AB DE
=
1
2

26
DE ...(ii)
1
1
]
2 2
AB = 1 + 5 26
Comparing equations (i) and (ii), we have
1
2

26
DE = 12 DE =
24
26

26
26
DE =
12 26
13
Hence, a = 3 and required height
=
12 26
13
units.
WORKSHEET 73
1. (B) Let coordinates of A be (x, y).
As O will be mid-point of AB,
2 =
1
2
x +
x = 3
and 3 =
4
2
y +
y = 10.
2. (C) Any point on y-axis be (0, y)
( ) ( )
2 2
6 5 y + =
( ) ( )
2 2
0 4 3 y + +
y = 9
Point is (0, 9).
3. (A)
Hint: Let the ratio is k : 1.
Now use section formula.
4. Since diagonals of parallelogram bisect each
other.
Mid-point of AC = mid-point of BD
i.e.,
6 9 1 4
,
2 2
+ +
_

,
=
8 5
,
2 2
p +
_

,
15
2
=
8
2
p +
p = 7.
OR
Given vertices are:
A( 3, 0), B(5, 2) and C( 8, 5). We know that
centroid G is
1 2 3 1 2 3
,
3 3
y y y x x x + + + +
_

,
Centroid =
3 5 8 0 2 5
,
3 3
+ +
_

,
= (2, 1).
5. True, because distance between (6, 4) and
(7, 2); and distance between (6, 4) and
(5, 2) are equal.
6. (1, 3)
Hint: Use section formula.
7. Area of triangle
= ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2
1
2
x y y x y y x y y 1 + +
]
=
( ) ( ) ( )
1
2 0 4 1 4 3 +2 3 0
2
1 +
]
=
1
8 7 6
2
+ + 1
]
=
21
2
sq. units.
8. As the given points are collinear, the area
of the triangle formed by these points must
be zero.
Let (2, 1) (x
1
, y
1
); (p, 1) (x
2
, y
2
); and
( 1, 3) (x
3
, y
3
)
Now, area of the triangle = 0
1
2
[x
1
(y
2
y
3
) + x
2
(y
3
y
1
) + x
3
(y
1
y
2
)] = 0
1
2
[2(1 3) + p(3

1) 1(1 + 1)] = 0
1
2
( 8 + 2p 2) = 0
2p = 10 p = 5.
9. Hint: Proceed as done in solved example 5.
235
WORKSHEET 74
1. (D)
Area = + + +
1
4( 6 5) 1( 5 5) 4(5 6)
2
=
1
( 4 10 44) 29
2
= 29 sq. units.
2. (B) Condition

of collinearity must be satisfied
5(p + 2) + 1(2 1) + 4(1 p) = 0
5p 10 3 + 4 4p = 0
p = 1.
3. 2 : 3
Hint: Use section formula.
4. True
Hint: Any point P on x-axis will be of type
P(x, 0)
Let A(7, 6), B(3, 4)
Use PA = PB.
5. k = 8
Hint: Using section formula
Coordinates of A
=
1 6 + 2 3 6 1 + 2 3
,
3 3
_

,
= (4, 0)
As it lies on 2x + y + k = 0
2 4 + 0 + k = 0
k = 8.
6. Let O be the centre and P be the point on
the circumference such that O (2a, a 7)
and P (1, 9).
Radius = OP =
10 2
2
= 5 2 units
i.e.,
( ) ( ) + +
2 2
2 1 7 9 a a
=
5 2
Squaring both sides, we get
(2a 1)
2
+ (a + 2)
2
=
( )
2
5 2
4a
2
4a + 1 + a
2
+ 4a + 4 = 50
5a
2
= 45 a = 3
Thus, a = 3.
7. Let the required ratio be k : 1.
Using x =
1 2 2 1
1 2
+
+
m x m x
m m
and y =
1 2 2 1
1 2
+
+
m y m y
m m
, we have
1
2
=
7 3
1
k
k
+
+
and 6 =
+
+
9 5
1
k
k
k + 1 = 14k + 6 and 6k + 6 = 9k + 5
k =
1
3
and k =
1
3
8. Let D = Mid-point of BC
=
7 5 3 7
,
2 2
+ +
_

,
= (6, 5)
Median AD =
( )
2
2
6 3 0 +
= 3 units.
9. Hint: Show that all sides are equal.
WORKSHEET 75
1. (A) Centroid is
1 2 3 1 2 3
,
3 3
x x x y y y + + + +
_

,
=
3 5 8 0 2 5
,
3 3
+ +
_

,
= ( 2, 1).
2. (C) ar(ABC)
=
1
2(1 2) 2( 2 3) 3(3 1)
2
+ +
=
+ +
1
(6 10 6)
2
= 11 sq. units.
3. (D) AB =
2 2
( 2 2) (3 4) +
= + 16 1
=
17
.
4. Let ratio is k : 1.
Using section formula
2 =
3 2
1
k
k
+
; y =
7 2
1
k
k
+
+
4 = k ; y =
7 2
1
k
k
+
+
k = 4 ; y =
( ) 7 4 2
4 1
+
+
= 6
Ratio is 4 : 1; y = 6.
5. True,
Pythagoras Theorem is satisfied.
AB
2
= ( 2)
2
+ (1 3)
2
= 4 + 4 = 8
AC
2
= ( 1)
2
+ (4 3)
2
= 2
BC
2
= (1)
2
+ (3)
2
= 10
AB
2
+ AC
2
= BC
2
A = 90.
6. k = 0, 6
Hint: PQ =
58
PQ
2
= 58
(k 3)
2
+ (2 + 5)
2
= 58
(k 3)
2
= 9
k 3 = 3 k = 0 or 6.
7. Let the coordinates of R be (x, y)
Then, x =
+
+
4 2 3 1
4 3
and y =
+
+
4 3 3 2
4 3
x =
11
7
and y =
18
7
Therefore, the coordinates of R are
_

,
11 18
,
7 7
.
8. 25 sq. units
Hint: Join SQ.
Find ar(PQS)
and ar(RQS)
Required area = ar(PQS) + ar(RQS).
9. Each side of a square and rhombus are
equal, but the diagonals of a square are
equal and that of a rhombus may or may
not equal.
Side PQ = + +
2 2
(3 2) (4 1)
= + 1 25 =
26
Side QR =
2 2
(2 3) (3 4) +
= + 25 1 =
26
Side RS =
2 2
(3 2) (2 3) + +
= + 1 25 = 26
Side SP =
2 2
(2 3) (1 2) + + +
= 25 1 + =
26
Diagonal PR =
2 2
( 2 2) (3 1) + +
= 16 16 + = 4 2
Diagonal QS =
2 2
( 3 3) ( 2 4) +
= 36 36 + = 6 2
Clearly, the sides are equal but the
diagonals are not equal. Hence, PQRS is a
rhombus but not a square.
WORKSHEET 76
1. (C) As given points are collinear.
So, a(b 1) + 0 (1 0) + 1 (0 b) = 0
ab a b = 0
a + b = ab
237
1 1
a b
+ = 1.
2. (B)
A, B, C are collinear so condition of
collinearity must be satisfied
x
1
(y
2
y
3
) + x
2
(y
3
y
1
) + x
3
(y
1
y
2
) = 0
1(3 3) + ( 5) (3 p) + 0(p 3) = 0
0 15 + 5p = 0
5p = 15
p = 3.
3. (A)
Distance =
( ) ( )
2 2
cos sin sin + cos +
= ( )
2 2
2 sin cos +
=
2
.
4. (A) Let A (x, 1) and B (3, 2).
AB = 5
+ +
2 2
(3 ) (2 1) x
= 5
9 6x + x
2
+ 9 = 25 (On squaring)
x
2
6x 7 = 0
(x 7) (x + 1) = 0 x = 7 or 1.
5. False.
As mid-point of AC =
6 9 1 4
,
2 2
+ +
_

,
=
15 5
,
2 2
_

,
and mid-point of BD =
8 2 3
,
2 2
p + +
_

,
Mid-point of AC = Mid-point of BD
15
2
=
8
2
p +
p = 7.
6. ar(ABD)
=

1
5( 5 5) 4(5 7) 4(7 5)
2
+ +
=
1
(50 8 48)
2
+ + = 53 sq. units.
ar(BCD)
=
1
4(6 5) 1(5 5) 4( 5 6)
2
+ + +
=
1
(44 10 4)
2
+ = 19 sq. units.
Now, ar(quadrilateral ABCD)
= ar(ABD) + ar(BCD)
= 53 sq. units + 19 sq. units
= 72 sq. units.
7. Let the points P, Q and R divide AB into four
equal parts AP = PQ= QR = RB as shown
below in the adjoining figure.
Clearly, Q is the mid-point of AB
Q
2 2 2 8
,
2 2
+ +
_

,
i.e., Q (0, 5)
P is the mid-point of AQ
P
2 0 2 5
,
2 2
+ +
_

,
i.e., P
7
1,
2
_

,
and R is the mid-point of QB.
R
0 2 5 8
,
2 2
+ +
_

,
i.e., R
13
1,
2
_

,
.
Hence, the required points are P
7
1,
2
_

,
,
Q(0, 5) and R
13
1,
2
_

,
.
8. Let P(2, 3) and Q(10, y) be the given
points. Then, PQ = 10
( ) ( )
2 2
10 2 3 y + 10
( )
2
64 3 y + + 10
2
64 9 6 y y + + + 10
y
2
+ 6y + 73 100
y
2
+ 6y 27 0
y
2
+ 9y 3y 27 0
y(y + 9) 3(y + 9) 0
(y + 9) (y 3) 0
y = 9 or 3.
OR
9
1,
2
_

,
Hint:
R divides AB internally.
i.e. ratio 3 : 1.
Now, use section formula.
9. Let P(x, y), A(7, 1), B(3, 5)
As P is equidistant from A and B
.
.
. PA= PB PA
2
= PB
2
(7 x)
2
+ (1 y)
2
= (3 x)
2
+ (5 y)
2
49 + x
2
14x + 1 + y
2
2y
= 9 + x
2
6x + 25 + y
2
10y
8x + 8y = 16 x y = 2.
OR
Let the required ratio be k : 1 and the point
of division be (l, m) using section formula,
we have
l =
+
+
2 1
1
k
k
and m =
+
+
7 3
1
k
k
So, the point of division is
2 1 7 3
,
1 1
k k
k k
_ + +

+ +
,
.
This point lies on the line 3x + y 9 = 0.
_ + +
+

+ +
,
2 1 7 3
3 9
1 1
k k
k k
= 0
6k + 3 + 7k + 3 9k 9 = 0
4k = 3 k =
3
4
WORKSHEET77
1. (A)
Hint: Use condition of collinearity.
2. (D)
Hint: Any point on x-axis be (x, 0).
Let ratio be k : 1
3. (C)
Hint: Origin is (0, 0).
4. False
Hint: A, B, C will not form a triangle.
ar(ABC) = 0
5. Diagonals AC and BD cut each other at the
mid-point P.
1
3
2
x +
= 2 ;
1
2
2
y +
= 5
x
1
= 1 ; y
1
= 12.
Similarly,
2
1
2
x
= 2 ;
2
0
2
y +
= 5
x
2
= 5 ; y
2
= 10.
Hence, two other vertices of the parallelo-
gram are (1, 12) and (5, 10).
6. Area of quadrilateral ABCD
= ar(ABD) + ar(BCD)
239
=

1
1( 3 21) 7(211) 7(1 3)
2
+ + +
+

1
7(2 21) 12(21 3) 7(3 2)
2
+ + +
=
1
( 24 140 28)
2
+ + +
1
(133 288 35)
2
+
= 72 + 60 = 132 sq. units.
7.
1 3 7 5 3
,
2 2
_

,
Hint:
As AB = BC = AC
AB = BC
AB
2
= BC
2
(x 3)
2
+ (y 4)
2
= 26 ...(i)
Similarly,
AC = BC (x + 2)
2
+ (y 3)
2
= 26 ...(ii)
Solve (i) and (ii).
8. PA= PB
PA
2
= PB
2
(x 3)
2
+ (y 6)
2
= (x + 3)
2
+ (y 4)
2
x
2
+ 9 6x + y
2
+ 36 12y
= x
2
+ 9 + 6x + y
2
+ 16 8y
3x + y = 5.
9. Coordinates of P are
+
_

,
6 6 8 4
,
2 2
,
i.e., (2, 0).

Coordinates of Q are
4 10 6 8
,
2 2
_

,
i.e., ( 7, 1).
Coordinates of R are
6 8 8 10
,
2 2
_

,
,
i.e., ( 1, 7).
Now, ar(ABC)
=
+ +
1
8(6 8) 4(8 6) 10( 6 6)
2
=
+ +
1
(112 8 120)
2
= 120 sq. units.
and ar(PQR)
=
1
2(1 7) 7(7 0) 1(0 1)
2
+ +
=
+
1
(12 49 1)
2
= 30 sq. units.
So,
( PQR)
( ABC)
ar
ar

=
30
120
=
1
4
ar(PQR) =
1
4
ar(ABC).
Hence proved.
WORKSHEET78
1. (A)
Hint: Use formula of centroid of a triangle.
2. (C)
Using condition of collinearity,
k[3k 1] + 3k[1 2k] + 3[ k] = 0
3k
2
k + 3k 6k
2
3k = 0
3k
2
k = 0
k(3k + 1) = 0
k =
1
3
or 0.
3. (D) Using mid-point formula:
1 =
2 2
2
a
; 2a +1 =
4 3
2
b +
a = 2 ; b = 2.
4. Let the ratio is k : 1
Using section formula, the point is
8 3 9 1
,
1 1
k k
p
k k
_ +

+ +
,
As it lies on x y 2 = 0
8k + 3 9k + 1 2k 2 = 0
3k + 2 = 0
k =
2
3
Ratio is 2 : 3.
5. Let the coordinates of vertices of the triangle
ABC are A(x
1
, y
1
), B(x
2
, y
2
) and C(x
3
, y
3
).
Since, the point (1, 2) is the mid-point of AB.
+
1 2
2
x x
= 1,
+
1 2
2
y y
= 2
i.e., x
1
+ x
2
= 2, y
1
+ y
2
= 4 ...(i)
Similarly, x
2
+ x
3
= 0, y
2
+ y
3
= 2 ...(ii)
and x
3
+ x
1
= 4, y
3
+ y
1
= 2 ...(iii)
x
1
+ x
2
+ x
3
= 3, y
1
+ y
2
+ y
3
= 0
...(iv)
Solving results (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get
x
1
= 3, y
1
= 2, x
2
= 1, y
2
= 2, x
3
= 1, y
3
= 4.
Hence the required vertices are A(3, 2),
B( 1, 2) and C(1, 4).
6. (7, 2) or (1, 0)
Hint: ar(PAB) = 10
ar(PAB) = + 10 or ar(PAB) = 10
Let P(x, y) Use area of triangle
( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2
1
2
x y y x y y x y y 1 + +
]
.
7. The given points would be collinear, if the
area of triangle formed by them as vertices
is zero.
i.e.,
( )
1
( )
2
( ) 0
a c a a b b a b b c
c b c c a
+ + +
+ +
Here, LHS
= ( )
1
( ) ( )
2
a c b b a c c b a + +
= ( )
1

2
ac ab ab bc bc ac + + = 0
= 0 = RHS. Hence proved.
8. 24 sq. units
Hint: Area of rhombus =
2
1
d
1
d
2
where d
1
, d
2
= length of diagonals.
9. ar(ABC) = 5
( ) ( ) ( )
1
6 1 2 1 2 3 2 6
2
k k k + = 5
( )
1
5 2 4 6 18
2
k k k + + = 5
( )
1
15 20
2
k
= 5
15
10
2
k = 5

15
10
2
k = 5
15
2
k = 10 5
15
2
k = 15 or 5 k = 2 or
2
3
.
WORKSHEET 79
1. (B) A(0, 0), B(3,
3
), C(3, )
As AB = BC = AC
AB =AC AB
2
= AC
2
12 = 9 +
2

2
= 12 9

2
= 3 =
3
Required value of =
3
.
2. (D) Mid-point of (6, 8) and (2, 4) is P(4, 6).
If A(1, 2), then
AP =
( ) ( )
2 2
4 1 6 2 +
= 9 16 +
= 5 units.
241
3. 2 or 4
Hint: Use Pythagoras Theorem.
4.
PA
PQ

2
3
PA : AQ = 2 : 1
Using section formula.
x =
2
3
; y =
1
3
.
Coordinates of A are
2 1
,
3 3
_

,
.
5.
11 5
2 ,
2 2
_

,
;
11 5
2 ,
2 2
_
+

,
Hint:
Let AB = AC = 3.
Use distance formula.
6. Let the points of trisection be P(x
1
, y
1
) and
Q(x
2
, y
2
) such that P is the mid-point of
A(3, 2), Q(x
2
, y
2
) and Q is the mid-point
of P(x
1
, y
1
), B( 3, 4).
i.e., AP = PQ = QB
AP : PB = 1 : 2
Using section formula,
x
1
=
3 23
1 2
+
+
, y
1
=
4 2 (2)
1 2
+
+
x
1
= 1, y
1
=
8
3
Again AQ : QB = 2 : 1
x
2
=
2( 3) +3
2 1 +
, y
2
=
2( 4) 2
2 1 +
x
2
= 1, y
2
=
10
3
.
Hence, the required points are P
_

,
8
1,
3
and Q
_

,
10
1,
3
.
7. A(1, 10), B( 7, 6), C(9, 2)
Hint: x
1
+ x
2
= 2 (3) = 6
x
2
+ x
3
= 2
Adding, x
3
+ x
1
= 10
2(x
1
+ x
2
+ x
3
) = 6
x
1
+ x
2
+ x
3
= 3
x
1
= 1, x
2
= 7, x
3
= 9
Using same method,
y
1
+ y
2
+ y
3
= 6
and y
1
= 10, y
2
= 6, y
3
= 2.
8. Area of DBC
=
1
5 ( 2) + ( 3)( 2 3 ) +4(3 5)
2
x x x 1
]
=
1
(28 14) (14 7)
2
x x
Area of ABC
=

1
6 5( 2) + ( 3)( 2 3) +4(3 5)
2
1
]
=
1 49
(42+15 8)
2 2
From question
( DBC)
( ABC)
ar
ar
=
1
2
14 7
49
2
x
=
1
2
14 7
49
2
x
=
1
2
or
14 +7
49
2
x
=
1
2
8x 4 = 7 or 8x + 4 = 7
x =
11
8
or
3
8
.
WORKSHEET 80
1. (B) As the distance of a point from x-axis is
equal to its y-coordinate, i.e., 3.
2. (A) A(a + b, a b), B(2a + b, 2a b),
C(a b, a + b), D(x, y)
Mid-point of AC = Mid-point of BD
x = b
y = b.
3.
5 1
, 0 ; , 2
3 3
_ _

, ,
Hint:
Use AP : PB = 1 : 2
and AQ : QB = 2 : 1
4. Let the third vertex be C(x, y) of the given
ABC. Using, AC = AB and BC = AB,
we have x
2
+ y
2
= 12 and
(x 3)
2
+
2
( 3) y
= 12
Solving these, we obtain
x = 0, y =
2 3
or x = 3, y = 3 .
Hence, the required vertex is ( 0, 2 3 ) or
(
3, 3
).
5. Let ABCD be the given square such that
A(3, 4) and C(1, 1). Let D(a, b) be the
unknown vertex.
Using AD
2
= CD
2
, we have
(a 3)
2
+ (b 4)
2
= (a 1)
2
+ (b + 1)
2
4a + 10b 23 = 0
b =
23 4
10
a
...(i)
Using AD
2
+ CD
2
= AC
2
, we have
(a 3)
2
+ (b 4)
2
+ (a 1)
2
+ (b + 1)
2
= (3 1)
2
+ (4 + 1)
2
a
2
+ b
2
6a 8b + 9 + 16 + a
2
2a + b
2
+ 2b + 1 + 1 = 4 + 25
a
2
+ b
2
4a 3b = 1 ...(ii)
Using equations (i) and (ii), we get
a
2
+
_ _

, ,
2
23 4 23 4
4 3
10 10
a a
a = 1
116a
2
464a 261 = 0
4a
2
16a 9 = 0
(Dividing by 29)
a =
16 256 4 4 9
2 4
+
=
9
2
or
1
2
Substitute a =
9
2
and a =
1
2
successively
to get b =
1
2
and b =
5
2
.
Hence, the required vertices are
9 1
,
2 2
_

,
and
_

,
1 5
,
2 2
.
OR
(4, 5), (2, 3), (6, 9)
Hint:
x
1
+ x
2
= 6 y
1
+ y
2
= 8
x
2
+ x
3
= 8 y
2
+ y
3
= 12
x
1
+ x
3
= 10 y
1
+ y
3
= 14
Adding,
2(x
1
+ x
2
+ x
3
) = 24 2(y
1
+ y
2
+ y
3
) = 34
243
x
1
+ x
2
+ x
3
= 12 y
1
+ y
2
+ y
3
= 17
x
1
= 4 y
1
= 5
x
2
= 2 y
2
= 3
x
3
= 6; y
3
= 9.
6. Let O(x, y) be the circumcentre passing
through A(3, 0), B( 1, 6) and C(4, 1).
Then OA= OB = OC
Taking OA= OB
OA
2
= OB
2
(Squaring)
(x 3)
2
+ (y 0)
2
= (x + 1)
2
+ (y + 6)
2
x
2
6x + 9 + y
2
= x
2
+ 2x + 1 + y
2
+ 12y
+ 36
2x + 3y + 7 = 0 ...(i)
and OA = OC OA
2
= OC
2
(Squaring)
(x 3)
2
+ y
2
= (x 4)
2
+ (y + 1)
2
x
2
6x + 9 + y
2
= x
2
8x + 16 + y
2
+ 2y
+ 1
x y 4 = 0 ...(ii)
Solving equations (i) and (ii), we get
x = 1, y = 3.
Thus, the coordinates of the centre are (1, 3)
Now, radius = OA=
( ) ( ) + +
2 2
3 1 0 3
= + 4 9 =
13
units.
OR
The area of the triangle formed by the given
points must be zero.
i.e.,
( )
1
2 6 2 ( 1) (6 2 2+2 )
2
k k k k k k +
( )( )
4+ 2 2 2 k k k = 0
k(4k 6) (k 1) 4 (4 + k) (2 4k) = 0
4k
2
6k 4k + 4 8 + 16k 2k + 4k
2
= 0
8k
2
+ 4k 4 = 0 k
2
+
1
2
k
1
2
= 0
k
2
+
1
2
k +
1
16

1
16

1
2
= 0
_

,
2
1
+
4
k

_

,
2
3
4
= 0
_ _
+ + +

, ,
1 3 1 3
4 4 4 4
k k
= 0
k = 1 or
1
2
.
7. SP = +
2 2 2
( ) (2 0) at a at
= +
2 2 2 2 2
( 1) 4 a t a t
= a + +
4 2 2
2 1 4 t t t = a + +
4 2
2 1 t t
= a(t
2
+ 1)
SQ=
2 2
2 2
2
0
a a
a
t t
_ _
+

, ,
=
+ +
2 2 2
2
4 2 2
2 4
a a a
a
t t t
= a
+ +
4 2
1 2
1
t t
= a
_
+

,
2
1
1
t
Now,
1 1
SP SQ
+ =
( )
2
2
1 1
1
+1
+1
a t
a
t
+
_

,
=
1
+
1
1
]
2
2 2
1 1
+1 1+
t
a t t
=
_
+

+
,
2
2
1 1
1
t
a t
=
1
a
which is independent of t.
8. As P(x, y) is mid-point of AB,
x =
+ 3
2
k
and y =
+ 4 6
2
i.e., x = +
3
2 2
k
and y = 5
The value of x and y will satisfy x + y 10 = 0
+
3
2 2
k
+ 5 10 = 0
2
k
= 5
3
2
k = 7.
WORKSHEET 81
1. (A) Let the coordinates of the third vertex
C be (x, y).
+ 3 2
3
x
=
5
3
and
+ + 2 1
3
y
=
1
3
i.e. x = 4 and y = 2
C (4, 2).
2. (B) As BP = ( )
3
2
2
a
= 3 a
and OP =
1
2
OA = a
Coordinates of B are (a, 3a).
3. (A) Let the required point be (h, k).

Then
h =
3( 4) + 2 6
3 + 2
and k =
+
+
3 5 2 3
3 2
i.e., h = 0 and k =
21
5
.
So, the required point is
21
0,
5
_

,
.
4. (A)
Hint: Use AB = BC = AC
Take AB
2
= BC
2
and BC
2
= AC
2
.
5. True.
Let O(0, 0), A(5, 5) and B( 5, 5) be the three
points.
OA= 5 2 = OB
and AB
2
= 100 = OA
2
+ OB
2
.
OR
True,
AB =
2 2
( 4 6) (6 10) + +
=
20 = 2 5
BC =
2 2
(3 4) (8 6) + +
=
245 = 7 5
AC =
2 2
(3 6) (810) = 405 = 9 5 + +
AB + BC = AC.
Also,
AB 2 2
= AB = AC
AC 9 9
.
6. As A, P, B will be collinear,
.
( ) ( 0) 0 (0 ) a y b x b y + + = 0
ay ab + xb = 0 ay + xb = ab

y
b
+
x
a
= 1
x
a
+
y
b
= 1.
7. Let the coordinates of P be (x, y).
AP
AB
=
3
7

AB
AP
=
7
3
AB
AP
1 =
7
3
1
PB
AP
=
4
3
AP
PB
=
3
4
.
Using section formula, we have
x =
( ) 32+4 2
3+4
and y =
( ) 3( 4)+4 2
3+4
i.e., x =
2
7
and y =
20
7
Thus, the coordinates of P are
2 20
,
7 7
_

,
.
8. Let the coordinates of P be (x, y).
PA= PB
PA
2
= PB
2
(Squaring)
(x 3)
2
+ (y 4)
2
= (x 5)
2
+ (y + 2)
2
x
2
6x + 9 + y
2
8y + 16
= x
2
10x + 25 + y
2
+ 4y + 4
4x 12y

4 = 0
x 3y

1 = 0 ...(i)
245
Area of PAB = 10
( ) ( ) ( )
+ + +
1
4 2 3 2 5 4
2
x y y
= 10
6x 6 3y + 5y 20 = 20
6x + 2y 26 = 20
3x + y 3 = 0 ...(ii)
or 3x + y 23 = 0 ...(iii)
Now, we have to solve equations (i) and
(ii) as well as equations (i) and (iii).
Solving equations (i) and (ii), we get
x = 1, y = 0
Solving equations (i) and (iii), we get
x = 7, y = 2
Hence, the coordinates of P are (1, 0) or
(7, 2).
OR
P is mid-point of AB
P
+
_

,
1 3 5 7
,
2 2
,
i.e., P (2, 1)
Q is mid-point of BC
Q
3 0 7 4
,
2 2
+ +
_

,
, i.e., Q
_

,
3 3
,
2 2
R is mid-point of CA
R
+ +
_

,
0 1 4 5
,
2 2
, i.e., R
_

,
1 9
,
2 2
Now, ar(PQR)
=
1 3 9 3 9
2 1
2 2 2 2 2
_ _
+ + +
,
, ,
_
+
,
,
1 3
1
2 2
=
_
+ +

,
1 33 1
12
2 4 4
=
7 7
4 4
...(i)
ar(ABC)
=

1
1(7 4) 3(4 5) 0(5 7)
2
+ + +
=
1
(11 3 0) 7 7
2
+ ...(ii)
Dividing equation (i) by equation (ii), we
have
( PQR)
( ABC)
ar
ar
=
7
4
7
ar(PQR) =
1
4
ar(ABC).
9. Since, A is on
the x-axis, so its
coordinates will
be of the form
(x, 0). Similarly,
the coordinates
of B will be of
the form (0, y).
Since P is the mid-point of AB.
2 =
0
2
x+
and 3 =
+ 0
2
y
x = 4 and y = 6
Coordinates of A are ( 4, 0) and coordi-
nates of B are (0, 6).
Now,
PO =
2 2
( 2) (3) 4 9 13 + +
PA =
2 2
( 4 2) (0 3) 4 9 + + + =
13
Clearly, PA = PB = PO
P is equidistant from A, B and the
origin O.
WORKSHEET 82
1. (A) ( 5, 1), (1, p) and (4, 2) are collinear.
5(p + 2) + 1 (2 1) + 4(1 p) = 0
5p 10 3 + 4 4p = 0 9p = 9
p = 1.
2. (C)
Area =

1
1(4 6) 2(6 3) 0
2
+
=
1
( 2 6)
2
= 4 sq. units.
4. False, because P does not lie on the line
segment AB.
6. As P is equidistant from A and B,
PA = PB PA
2
= PB
2
(Squaring)
(a + b x)
2
+ (b a y)
2
= (a b x)
2
+ (a + b y)
2
(a + b x)
2
(a b x)
2
= (a + b y)
2
(b a y)
2
(a + b x + a b x) (a + b x a + b + x)
= (a + b y + b a y)

(a + b y b + a + y)
2(a x)

2b = 2(b y) 2a
ab bx = ab ay bx = ay
Hence proved.
OR
Let the third vertex
be C(x, y) of the
given ABC such
that A(0, 0) and
B(3, 3).
Using AC = AB
i.e. AC
2
= AB
2
(Squaring)
x
2
+ y
2
= 9 + 3
x
2
+ y
2
= 12 ...(i)
Also, using BC = AC
i.e., BC
2
= AC
2
(Squaring)
(x 3)
2
+
2
( 3) y = x
2
+ y
2
x
2
6x + 9 + y
2

2 3y
+ 3 = x
2
+ y
2
3x

+
3
y 6 = 0 ...(ii)
Solving equations (i) and (ii), we obtain
x = 0, y =
2 3
or x = 3, y =
3
Hence, the third vertex is (0, 2 3) or
(3, 3)
.
7.
AD
AB
=
AE
AC
=
1
4
AB
AD
=
AC
AE
=
4
1
AB
AD
1 =
AC
AE
1 =
4
1
1
(Subtracting 1 throughout)
AB AD
AD
=
AC AE
AE
=
4 1
1
BD
AD
=
CE
AE
=
3
1
AD : BD= AE : EC = 1 : 3
Let the coordinates of D and E be (x
1
, y
1
)
and (x
2
, y
2
) respectively.
Let us use section formulae.
x
1
=
1 1+3 4
1+3
, y
1
=
1 5+3 6
1+3
and x
2
=
1 7+3 4
1+3
, y
2
=
1 2+3 6
1+3
i.e., x
1
=
13
4
, y
1
=
23
4
and x
2
=
19
4
, y
2
= 5
So, the coordinates of D are
13 23
,
4 4
_

,
and
of E are
19
, 5
4
_

,
.
ar(ADE)
=

_ _
+ +
, ,
, ,

1 23 13 19 23
4 5 (5 6) 6
2 4 4 4 4
=

+
, ,

1 3 13 19 1
4
2 4 4 4 4
=
15
32
sq. units.
Again, ar(ABC)
=

1
4(5 2) 1(2 6) 7(6 5)
2
+ +
=
1
(12 4 7)
2
+ =
15
2
sq. units
ar(ADE) : ar(ABC) =
15
32
15
2
= 1 : 16.
247
8. P(at
2
, 2at), Q
2
2
,
a a
t t
_

,
, S(a, 0)
SP =
2 2 2
( ) (2 ) at a at +
=
2 4 2 2 2 2 2
2 4 a t a a t a t + +
=
2 4 2 2 2
2 a t a a t + +
=
2 2
( ) at a +
= at
2
+ a
SQ =
2 2
2
2a a
a
t t
_ _
+

, ,
=
2 2 2
2
4 2 2
2 4 a a a
a
t t t
+ +
=
2
2
a
a
t
_
+

,
=
2
a
t
+ a

1
SP
+
1
SQ
=
2
1
at a +
+
2
2
t
a at +
=
2
2
1
( 1)
t
a t
+
+
=
1
a
ASSESSMENT SHEET13
1. (B) x =
27+33
2+3
=
23
5

y =
29+35
2+3
=
33
5
Hence, the coordinates of P are
23 33
,
5 5
_

,
.
2. (B) Let the centroid be P(x, y).
x =
2+ 5+3
3
; y =
1+2+4
3
;
i.e., x =
10
3
; y =
7
3
Thus P
10 7
,
3 3
_

,
.
3. D is mid-point of BC
D
1 3 5 1
,
2 2
_

,
;
i.e., D ( 1, 2)
AD=
2 2
(5 1) (12) + +
= 36 1 +
=
37
units.
4. False, because area of the triangle formed
by joining the given points is not zero as,
area =
1
2
4(6 3) + 7(3 5) + 6(5 6)

1
2
12 14 6 = 4 0.
5. As P(x, y) is the mid-point of A(3, 4) and
B(k, 6),
x =
3
2
k +
and y =
4 6
2
+
(Using mid-point formula)
i.e. x =
3
2
k +
and y = 5.
Substituting these values of x and y in
x + y 10 = 0, we get
3
2
k +
+ 5 10 = 0
3
2
k +
= 5
3 + k = 10 k = 7.
6. Using the distance formula
Distance =
2 2
2 1 2 1
( ) ( ) x x y y + ,
we get
AB =

2
2
4 ( 5) ( 2 6) +
= 1 64 + =
65
BC =

2 2
7 ( 4) 5 ( 2) +
= 121 49 + =
170
and CA =
( ) ( )
2 2
5 7 6 5 +
= 144 1 + =
145
Since the lengths of all the sides of ABC
are different, therefore, ABC is a scalene
triangle.
7. Let the mid-points of sides AB and AC be
D and E respectively. Such that D(2, 1)
and E(0, 1).
AD=
1
2
AB and AE =
1
2
AC ...(i)
According to the converse of Basic
Proportionality Theorem, DE BC, and
therefore, ADE ~ ABC.
Now,
( ABC)
( ADE)
ar
ar

=
2 2
2 2
AB (2AD)
=
AD AD
[Using (i)]
ar(ABC) = 4 ar(ADE) ...(ii)
Now, ar(ADE)
=
1
2
x
1
(y
2
y
3
) + x
2
(y
3
y
1
) + x
3
(y
1
y
2
)
=
1
2
1( 1 + 1) + 2( 1 + 4) + 0( 4 +1)
=
1
2
0 + 6 + 0 = 3 square units
Substituting this value of ar(ADE) in
equation (ii), we have
ar(ABC) = 4 3 = 12 square units.
8. Let the given line divides the given line
segment at P(h, k) in the ratio : 1.
Using section formula, we have
h =
2 1 8
1
+
+
and k =
1 1 ( 9)
1
+
+
i.e., h =
2 8
1
+
+
and k =
9
1
+
Since, P(h, k) lies on the line
2x + 3y 5 = 0, therefore, x = h and y = k
must satisfy it.
Therefore, 2h + 3k 5 = 0
2 8 9
2 3 5
1 1
_ _ +
+

+ +
, ,
= 0
4 + 16 + 3 27 5 5 = 0
2 = 16 = 8 : 1 = 8 : 1
h =
2 8 8
8 1
+
+
and k =
8 9
8 1 +
i.e., h =
8
3
and k =
1
9
P(h, k) = P
8 1
,
3 9
_

,
.
Hence, the given line divides the given line
segment in the ratio 8 : 1 at the point
8 1
,
3 9
_

,
.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 14
1. (C) Let the coordinates of P and Q be (x, 0)
and (0, y) respectively.
0
2
x +
= 3 and
0
2
y +
= 7
i.e., x = 6 and y = 14
Here, P (6, 0) and Q (0, 14).
2. (C) Area of triangle formed by A, B and the
origin = 0
249
1
2
1(b 0) + a(0 2) + 0(2 b) = 0
(b 2a) = 0 2a = b.
3. Let the required point be P(h, k).
Then PO= PA = PB
h
2
+ k
2
= (h 2x)
2
+ k
2
and h
2
+ k
2
= h
2
+ (k 2y)
2
h
2
= h
2
+ 4x
2
4xh
and k
2
= k
2
4yk + 4y
2
h = x and k = y
P is (x, y).
4. False, because AB CD and BC AD as
AB =
2 2
2 1 +
=
5
;
BC =
2 2
(1) (10) + =
101
;
CD =
( )
2
2
8 11 + =
185
;
AD =
( )
2
2
7 2 + =
53
.
5. Radius = r =
Diameter
2
=
10 2
2
= 5 2 units
Coordinates of centre O are (2a, a 7).
Coordinates of a point P on the circumference
are (11, 9)
r = OP
5 2
=
2 2
(11 2 ) (9 7) a a + +
( )
2
5 2 = (11 2a)
2
+ ( a 2)
2
(On squaring)
121 + 4a
2
44a + a
2
+ 4a + 4 = 25 2
5a
2
40a + 75 = 0
(Dividing throughout by 5)
(a 5) (a 3) = 0 a = 5 or 3
Hence, a = 5, 3.
6. Let the required ratio be : 1.
Here, we will use section formula as given
below.
x =
2 1
mx nx
m n
+
+
and y =
2 1
my ny
m n
+
+
In this question,
3 =
2 5
1
+
and k =
3 4
1
+
3 3 = 2 5 and k =
3 4
1
+
= 2 and i.e., k =
3 2 4
2 1
+
: 1 = 2 : 1 and k =
2
3
Hence, the ratio is 2 : 1 and k =
2
3
.
7. First, we find the length of each side of
quadrilateral ABCD.
AB =
2 2
(1 5) (5 6) + =
2 2
(4) (1) +
= 16 1 + =
17
BC =
2 2
(21) (1 5) + =
( )
2
2
1 4 +
= 1 16 + =
17
CD =
2 2
(6 2) (21) + =
2 2
4 1 +
= 16 1 + =
17
AD =
2 2
(6 5) (26) + =
2 2
1 ( 4) +
= 1 16 + =
17
Clearly, AB = BC = CD = AD
All the sides of quadrilateral ABCD are
equal.
Therefore, ABCD is a rhombus. It may be a
square if diagonals are equal. To confirm it,
we have to find out the lengths of diagonal
AC and BD.
AC =
2 2
(2 5) (1 6) + =
2 2
(3) (5) +
= 9 25 + =
34
BD =
2 2
(6 1) (2 5) + =
2 2
5 (3) +
= 25 9 + =
34
Clearly, AC = BD.
Hence, quadrilateral ABCD is a square.
8. To find area of quadrilateral ABCD, we
divide it into two parts by either diagonal
(see graph).
Area of a triangle ABC
=
1
2
x
1
(y
2
y
3
) + x
2
(y
3
y
1
) + x
3
(y
1
y
2
)
=
1
2
5 ( 5 + 6) 4( 6 7) 1(7 + 5)
=
1
2
5 + 52 12 =
1
2
35
=
35
2
sq. units

ar(ACD) =
1
2
5( 6 5) 1 (5 7) + 4(7 + 6)

1
2
55 + 2 + 52
1
2
109
=
109
2
sq. units
Now, ar(quadrilateral ABCD)
= ar(ABC) + ar(ACD)
=
35
2
+
109
2
=
144
2
= 72 square units.
Alternative Method:
ar(quadrilateral ABCD)
=
1
2
[(x
1
x
3
) (y
2
y
4
) + (x
2
x
4
) (y
3
y
1
)]
=
1
2
[( 5 + 1) ( 5 5) + ( 4 4) ( 6 7)]
=
1
2
[40 + 104] = 72 sq. units.
CHAPTER TEST
1. (D) Let the point of division be (x, y)
x =
1 3 + 2 7
1+2
, y =
1 4 + 2( 6)
1+ 2
x =
17
3
, y =
8
3

_

,
17 8
,
3 3
lies in the IV
th
quadrant.
2. (A) Mid-point of hypotenuse AB is
equidistant from the vertices A, B and O.
Therefore, the required point is
0 2 2 0
,
2 2
x y + +
_

,
, i.e., (x, y).
3. Let the required point be P(0, y) such that
PA = PB
+
2 2
(0 1) ( 5) y = +
2 2
(0 4) ( 6) y
1 + y
2
10y + 25 = 16 + y
2
12y + 36
(Squaring)
y = 13
Hence the coordinates of the point P be
(0, 13).
251
4. False, because Q lies outside the circle as
OQ > radius of circle.
5.
9a 2 =
3 8 1 (3 1)
3 1
a a + +
+
and b =
3 5 1( 3)
3 1
+
+
36a 8 = 24a + 3a + 1
and 3b b = 15 3
9a = 9 and 4b = 12
Thus, a = 1 and b = 3.
6. We know that area of a triangle is four
times the area of a triangle formed by
joining the mid-points of it.
D
_

,
1 5
,
2 2
, E(7, 3), F
_

,
7 7
,
2 2
ar(DEF)
=
1 1 7 7 5 7 5
3 7 3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2

_ _ _
+ +
, ,
, , ,

=
1 1 7
7
2 4 4
_
+

,
=
11
4
sq. units.
Since, D, E and F are the mid-points of
sides of ABC,
ar(ABC) = 4 ar(DEF)
= 4
11
4
= 11 sq. units.
8. Let the coordinates of the vertices be
A(x
1
, y
1
), B(x
2
, y
2
) and C(x
3
, y
3
)
Observe the adjoining figure.
3 =
+
1 2
2
x x
and 4 =
+
1 2
2
y y
x
1
+ x
2
= 6 ...(i)
and y
1
+ y
2
= 8 ...(ii)
Similarly,
x
2
+ x
3
= 16 ...(iii)
y
2
+ y
3
= 18 ...(iv)
x
3
+ x
1
= 12 ...(v)
y
3
+ y
1
= 14 ...(vi)
Add equations (i), (iii) and (v) to get
x
1
+ x
2
+ x
3
= 17 ...(vii)
Add equations (ii), (iv) and (vi) to get
y
1
+ y
2
+ y
3
= 20 ...(viii)
Subtract equation (iii) from equation (vii)
to get
x
1
= 1
Similarly, x
2
= 5 and x
3
= 11
Subtract equation (iv) from equation (viii)
to get
y
1
= 2
Similarly, y
2
= 6 and y
3
= 12
Hence, the coordinates of the vertices of
the ABC are (1, 2), (5, 6) and (11, 12).
8
Chapter
AREAS RELATED TO CIRCLES
WORKSHEET 85
1. (A) A =
2
360
r
=
8 8 135
360

= 24 cm
2
.
2. (B) Perimeter = AB + BC + CD + length of
arc
q
AED
= 20 + 14 + 20 + (7)
= 76 cm.
3. Perimeter = Outer arc length + Inner
arc length + 2 (14).
=
30
(21 7) 28
180

+ +
=
22 28
28
7 6
+ =
44
28
3
+
=
44 84
3
+
=
128
3
=
2
42
3
cm.
4. No.
The correct statement is: "Area of a segment
of a circle = Area of the corresponding
sector Area of the corresponding triangle."
5. 154 m
2
Hint: Find area of shaded part.
6. (i)
77
8
cm
2
(ii)
49
8
cm
2
Hint: Area of quadrant =
2
4
r
7. 686.18 cm
2
, 20.32 cm
2
Hint: Area of minor segment
=
2
sin
360 2
r

_
,
Area of major segment
= Area of circle Area of minor segment.
8. (i) Length of wire used
= 2r + 5 (2r)
=
22 35 35
2 10
7 2 2
+
= 110 + 175
= 285 mm.
(ii) Area of each sector
=
2
360
r
=
22 35 35
36
7 2 2
360

=
385
4
mm
2
.
WORKSHEET 86
1. (B) R
1
2
+ R
2
2
= R
2
(R
1
2
+ R
2
2
) = R
2
R
1
2
+ R
2
2
= R
2
.
2. (C)
Hint: Area of shaded part
=
2 2
45
21 7
360

1
= 154 cm
2
.
3. 228.57 cm
2
Hint: Shaded portion
= Area of quadrant Area of square ABCD
Radius OB = 20 2
= Diagonal of square.
4. No, because radius of the largest circle must
be
2
b
cm such that the area will be
2
4
b
cm
2
.
253 A E R A S E T A L E R D T O E L C R I C S
5. Area of rectangle ABCD = AB BC
= 50 28
= 1400 cm
2
Radius of each semicircle (r) =
BC 28
2 2
= 14 cm.
Area of each semicircle =
1
2
r
2
=
1
2
22
14 14
7
= 308 cm
2
.
Now, area of remaining paper
= Area of rectangle ABCD 2 area
of either semicircle
= 1400 2 308
= 784 cm
2
Further, observing the
adjoining figure, we
have length of curve
APD or curve BQC.
r =
22
14
7

= 44 cm.
Now, perimeter of remaining paper
= AB + CD + curve APD + curve BQC
= 50 + 50 + 44 + 44 = 188 cm.
6. Radius = 6 cm
Diameter PS
= 2 6 = 12 cm
Also, PQ = QR = RS
=
12
3
= 4 cm.
Perimeter = length of
p
PQ
+ length of
p
QS
+ length of o
PS
= [2 + 4 + 6] = 12
22
7
= 37.71 cm.
Area = ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
6 4 2
2 2 2

+
=
2
(36 16 + 4) =
22
7 2
24
=
528
2 7
=
264
7
= 37.71 cm
2
.
7. 98.4 cm
2
Hint: Inner radius = r
r =
S
;
where = area of ABC
S = semiperimeter of ABC.
Shaded part = ar(ABC) ar(circle)
8. (i) Perimeter of sector = 2r + Arc length
= 2 5.7 +
180
r
27.2 = 11.4 +
180
r
180
r
= 27.2 11.4
= 15.8 m
Arc length = 1580 cm.
(ii) 450300 cm
2
Hint: Area of sector =
1
2
l r.
WORKSHEET 87
1. (A)
Hint: 2r = r
2
r = 2 units.
2. (A)
Hint: 2r = 2r
1
+ 2r
2
r = r
1
+ r
2
= 19 + 9 = 28 cm.
3. False, because radii are different so their
areas will also be different if their
corresponding arc lengths are equal.
4. 22 cm
Hint: Arc length =
180
r
.
5. Shaded part = Area of square 4 Area
of circle
= (14)
2
4(r
2
)
= 196 4
22 7 7
7 2 2

= 196 154
= 42 cm
2
.
OR
Length of arc AEB =
2.8
2
= 1.4 cm.
Length of arc BFC =
1.4
2
= 0.7 cm.
Length of arc ADC =
2.8 1.4
2
+
= 2.1 cm
Now, perimeter of shaded region
= Sum of lengths of the arcs AEB, BFC
and ADC
= 1.4 + 0.7 + 2.1
= 4.2 = 4.2
22
7
= 13.2 cm.
6.
154
3
cm
2
Hint: r = 14 cm
Angle swept in 1 min = 6
Angle swept in 5 min = 30
Area =
2
360
r
.
7. 88.44 cm
2
Hint: Use
2
2
1
sin
360 2
r
r

sin120 = sin60 =
3
2
.
8. 66.5 cm
2
Hint: See solved example 7.
WORKSHEET 88
1. (C) Circumference = 2r
=
22
2 42
7

= 264 cm.
No. of revolutions =
792 100
264
= 300.
2. (B) 2r = 22
r =
22
2
=
11
Area of quadrant =
2
1
4
r
=
1 11 11

4

=
121
4
cm
2
.
3. Area of sector =
2
360
r
=
3.14 4 4 30
360

= 4.19 cm
2
Area of major sector = ar(circle) 4.19
= 3.14 (16) 4.19
= 46.05 cm
2
4. True.
Hint: AOB = 60
ar(OAB) =
3
4
(side)
2
.
5.
1
51
3
cm
2
Hint: Use, area of shaded part
=
2 2
40 R
360
r
1

]
R = Outer radius
r = Inner radius.
6. (i) The horse can graze in the shape of a
quadrant of a circle with radius 5 m
Required area =
1
4
(radius)
2
=
1
4
3.14 5 5
= 19.625 m
2
.
(ii) Radius of quadrant of circle
= Length of the rope = 10 m
Area of the sector =
1
4
10
2
=
1
4
3.14 100
= 78.50 m
2
So, the increase in the grazing area
= (78.50 19.625) m
2
= 58.875 m
2
.
7. Let us mark the four unshaded parts as
I, II, III, IV in figure.
Area of I + area of III = area of ABCD
area of two semicircles of radius 5 cm each.
= 100 3.14 25
= 21.5 cm
2
Similarly, area of II + area of IV = 21.5 cm
2
Area of shaded part
= ar(ABCD) ar(I + II + III + IV)
= 100 2 21.5
= 57 cm
2
.
8. Radius of the circle having ABC as quadrant
= AB = AC = 14 cm
Area of this quadrant ABC =
1
4
14
2
= 49 cm
2
Area of isosceles ABC =
1
2
AC AB
=
1
2
14 14 = 98 cm
2
BC =
2 2
AB AC +
=
2 2
14 14 +
= 14 2 cm.
Area of semicircle having diameter as BC
=
1
2

2
14 2
2
_

,
=
1
2

( )
2
7 2
= 49 cm
2
Now, area of shaded region = Area of ABC
+ Area of the semicircle with BC as
diameter Area of quadrant ABC
= 98 + 49 49 = 98 cm
2
.
WORKSHEET 89
1. (A) Angle =
360
35 210
60
.
2. (C) Perimeter of square
= Circumference of circle
= 2r = 2
22
7
21 = 132 cm
Side of the square =
132
4
= 33 cm.
3. Let O be the centre of circle.
In OBD, cos 60 =
OD
OB
and sin 60 =
BD
OB
OD
32
=
1
2
and
3
2
=
BD
32
OD= 16 and BD = 16 3
BC = 2BD = 32 3
.
.
. Area of design
= Area of circle Area of ABC
=
( )
2
2
3
32 32 3
4

, ,

cm
2
= 32
2

3 1.73
3.14
4
_

,
cm
2
= 1024
12.56 5.19
4
_

,
cm
2
= 256 7.37 = 1886.72 cm
2
.
4. 161.31 cm
2
Hint: Required area =
1
2
r
2
ar(PRQ).
5.
(i) The distance around the track along the
inner edge = 106 + 106 + ( 30 + 30)
( Inner radius = 30 m)
= 212 +
22
7
60
= 212 +
1320
7
=
2804
7
m =
4
400
7
m.
(ii) The area of track
= (106 80 106 60) + 2
2 2
40 30
2
]
= 2120 + 700
22
7
= 2120 + 2200 = 4320 m
2
.
6. AB = 56 m
Area of lawn ABCD= AB
2
= 56
2
= 56 56
= 3136 m
2
... (i)
Draw OM AB.
AC = 2AB = 56 2 m
AO =
AC
2
=
56 2
2
= 28 2 m
Radius (r) of circular flower bed
= 28
2 m
OM =
BC 56
=
2 2
= 28 m
Area of each circular flower bed
= Area of sector AOBP Area of AOB
=
1
4
r
2

1
2
AB OM
=
1
4

22
7

28 2

28 2
1
2
56 28
= 1232 784
= 448 m
2
...(ii)
Using equations (i) and (ii), we get the
required area
= 3136 + 2 448
= 4032 m
2
.
7. Inner area of ring I = (Radius)
2
=
2
32
2
_

,
= 256 cm
2
Outer area of ring I =
2
34
2
_

,
= 289 cm
2
So, area of ring I = Outer area Inner
area
= 289 256
= 33 cm
2
Inner area of ring II =
2
19
2
_

,
= 90.25 cm
2
Outer area of ring II =
2
21
2
_

,
= 110.25 cm
2
So, area of ring II = 110.25 90.25
= 20 cm
2
Therefore, total area of these two rings
= (33 + 20) cm
2
= 53 cm
2
.
8. Sum of areas of 4 quadrants
= 4
2
1
Radius
4
_

,
= 1
2
= cm
2
Area of the circle in the middle
= (Radius)
2
=
2
2
2
_

,
= cm
2
Area of the square = (Side)
2
= 4
2
= 16 cm
2
.
Now, area of the remaining portion
= 16 = 16 2
= 16 2
22
7
= 9.71 cm
2
.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 15
1. (A) R
2
=
2
16
2
_

,
+
2
12
2
_

,
R
2
= 64 + 36 = 100
R = 10 m.
2. (C) Area = (21)
2

120
360
=
22 1
21 21
7 3
= 462 cm
2
.
3. Let central angle be .
Area = r
2

360
54 = 36
2

360
=
54 360
3636

= 15
Now, length of arc
(l) =
180
r
=
22
36 15
7
180
=
22
3
7
=
66
7
= 9.43 cm.
Alternative Method:
Area of sector =
1
2
lr.
54 =
1
2
l 36
l =
54 22 2
7 36
=
66
7
= 9.43 cm.
4. False, as the corresponding radii are
unequal so the area is different.
5. Join SP and QR.
ar(rectangle ABCD) = AB CD = 26 12
= 312 m
2
Semicircles SPM and RQN are congruent.
Radius(r) of the semicircle SPM
=
1
(12 4 4)
2
= 2 m
ar(semicircle SPM) + ar(semicircle RQN)
=
1
2
r
2
+
1
2
r
2
= r
2
=
22
7
4 =
88
7
m
2
SP = RQ = 2r = 4 m
PQ = SR = AB 3 3 r r
= 26 3 3 2 2 = 16 m
Now, ar(rectangle SPQR) = SP PQ
= 4 16 = 64 m
2
Area of the shaded region
= 312
88
64
7
= 312 12.57 64
= 235.43 m
2
.
6. ACB is the minor segment of a circle with
centre O and radius OA = OB = r = 14 m
Join AB.
In OAB,
OA = OB (Radii of same circle)
2 = 1 ... (i )
(Angles opposite to equal sides)
1 + 2 + 60 = 180
(Angle sum property for a triangle)
1 + 1 + 60 = 180 [Using (i )]
1 = 2 = 60 [Using (i)]
AOB is equilateral
ar(AOB) =
3
4
r
2
=
3
4
14
2
= 49
2
3 m
ar(sector AOBC) = r
2

60
360
=
22 1
14 14
7 6

=
2
308
m
3
Now, ar(segment ACB)
= ar(sector AOBC)
ar(AOB)
=
2
308
49 3 m
3
_

,
.
7. Sides of ABC are AB = 15 m, BC = 16 m
and CA = 17 m. Areas grazed by three
animals tied at A, B and C are respectively
APU, BQR and CST.
The ungrazed area is shaded, i.e., PQRSTU
(see figure) which to be required.
In ABC,
1
+
2
+
3
= 180 ... (i)
(Angle sum property of a triangle)
ar(sector APU) + ar(sector BQR)
+ ar(sector CST)
= r
2
1
360
+ r
2
2
360
+ r
2
3
360
=
2
360
r
(
1
+
2
+
3
)
=
2
22 7
7 360
180 [Using (i)]

= 77 m
2
For ABC, semiperimeter
s =
15 16 17
2
+ +
= 24 m
ar(ABC) = 24(24 15)(24 16)(24 17)
=
24 9 8 7
= 24
2
21 m
Now, area of shaded region
= ( )
24 21 77
m
2
Hence, area of ungrazed region
= ( )
24 21 77
m
2
.
8. ar(ABC) =
1
2
Base Height
(A = 90)
=
1
2
10 10 = 50 cm
2
.
ar(sector APR) = (7)
2

90
360
=
22
7
7 7
1
4
= 38.5 cm
2
.
ar(PBCR) = ar(ABC) ar(sector APR)
= 50 38.5 = 11.5 cm
2
.
Cost of the silver plating on PBCR
= ar(PBCR) Rate
= 11.5 20
= ` 230.00.
ASSESSMENT SHEET16
1. (B) r
2
= 1.54 r
2
=
1.54
22
7 r = 0.7 m
Number of revolutions =
176
22
2 0.7
7

= 40.
2. (A) This rhombus must be a square with
diagonals as the diameters of the circle.
r
2
= 1256
r
2
=
1256 7
22
r = 20 cm (approx.)
Diameters = d
1
= d
2
= 40 cm
Area of the rhombus =
1
2
d
1
d
2
=
1
2
40 40
= 800 cm
2
.
3. Minutes elapsed by minute hand
= 6.40 6.05 = 35
Angle covered by minute hand in
60 minutes = 360
Angle covered by minute hand in
35 minutes =
360
60
35 = 210
Area = r
2
210
360
=
2
22 7 275
5 =
7 12 6
=
5
45
6
cm
2
.
4. True, because when areas are equal, the
radii are equal and so circumferences are
equal.
5. In AOB, AB
2
= 20
2
= 400
And AO
2
+ BO
2
=
( ) ( )
2 2
10 2 10 2 +
= 400
i.e., AO
2
+ BO
2
= AB
2
AOB = 90
ar(AOB) =
1
2
AO BO
=
1
2
10 2 10 2
= 100 cm
2
ar(sector AOB) = (AO)
2

90
360
= 50 cm
2
ar(rectangle ABCD) = AB BC
= 20 10 = 200 cm
2
Now, area of the shaded region
= ar(rectangle ABCD)
ar(sector AOB) + ar (AOB)
= 200 50 + 100
= 300 50 = 50(6 ) cm
2
.
6. r = 10 cm
Let AB is the chord
which subtend an
angle of 60 at centre
of circle.
Area of corresponding segment
= Area of APB
A =
2
360
r
ar(AOB)
As AOB is equilateral
A =
2
60 (10)
360
3
10 10
4
=
157
25 3
3
_

,
cm
2
.
7. Area of square ABCD = BC
2
= 14
2
= 196 cm
2
EFG, GHI, IJK and KLE are four semicircles
of radius
14 3 3
4

= 2 cm each.
EGIK is a square of side as the diameter of
either circle, that is, 4 cm.
Sum of areas of the four semicircles
= 4 area of one semicircle
= 4
1
2
2
2
= 8 cm
2
Area of square EGIK = (Side)
2
= 4
2
= 16 cm
2
Now, area of shaded region
= Area of square ABCD
Sum of areas of four semi-
circles Area of square EGIK
= 196 8 16
= (180 8) cm
2
.
8. In right ABC,
AC
2
= AB
2
+ BC
2
AC
2
= 14
2
+ 14
2
AC = 14 2 cm
ar(ABC) =
1
2
Base Height
=
1
2
14 14
= 98 cm
2
Radius of quadrant ABCP = AB = BC = 14 cm
ar(quadrant ABCP)
=
1
4
Area of corresponding
circle
=
1
4
(AB)
2
=
1
4
22
7
14 14
= 154 cm
2
ar(semicircle ACQ) =
1
2

2
AC
2

=
1
2
22
7
14 2
2
14 2
2
[ AC =
14 2
]
= 154 cm
2
Now, area of shaded portion
= ar(semicircle ACQ)
ar(quadrant ABCP)
+ ar(ABC)
= 154 154 + 98 = 98 cm
2
.
Hence, area of shaded portion is 98 cm
2
.
CHAPTER TEST
1. (A) Two vertices of the
triangle should coincide
with the two extremities
of the diameter of the
semicircle and the third
one lies on the curve.
ar(ABC) =
1
2
BC AO
=
1
2
2r r
= r
2
sq. units.
2. (B)
Hint: Diameter of circle = 16 cm
Diagonal of a square = 2 side.

2
side = 16
side = 8 2
Area of square =
2
(8 2)
= 128 cm
2
.
3. Let radius of given circle and side of given
square be r and a respectively.
Perimeter of the circle = perimeter of the
square
2r = 4a r =
2a
Required ratio =
2
2
r
a
=
2
a
2
2
4a
=
4
=
4
22
7
=
14
11
i.e., 14 : 11.
4. True.
Let radius of smaller circle = r =
5
2
Let radius of larger circle = R =
5
.
2
2

Ratio of areas =
2
2
R
r
=

2
2
5
2
2
5
2
= 2 : 1.
5. Length of arc = Length of the wire = 20 cm
Angle = 60 =
60
180

radian =
3
radian
Radius of the curve ABC
=
Length of arc
Angle
r =
20
3
=
60
cm.
Area of sector OABC =
3
2
r
2
=
1
6

60 60

=
600
cm
2
.
6. Let the angle subtended by arc at the centre
be .
Area of sector = 54
360
(Radius)
2
= 54
360
(36)
2
= 54
= 360
54
36 36
= 15
Now, length of the arc = Radius Angle in
radian
= 36
15
180

3 cm.
7. In ABC,
BC = 48 cm, AC = 50 cm, AB = 14 cm
Here, AB
2
+ BC
2
= 14
2
+ 48
2
= 196 + 2304
= 2500 = (50)
2
= AC
2
So, ABC is a right-angled triangle with
ABC = 90
ar(ABC) =
1
2
AB BC
=
1
2
14 48
(A
1
) = 336 cm
2
... (i)
Now area of sectors drawn at each corner
of triangle ABC
(A
2
) =
2 2 2
3 1 2
+
360 360 360
r r r
+

=
2
360
r
(
1
+
2
+
3
)
=
55
360
180
(Using Angle sum property)
=
25
2
=
25 3.14
2
= 25 1.57 = 39.25 cm
2
Required area = A
1
A
2
= 336 39.25 = 296.75 cm
2
.
8. See Assessment Sheet 16, Sol. 7.
9
Chapter
SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES
WORKSHEET 93
1. (C) Edge of cube = 4 cm
Length of resulting cuboid = 4 + 4 = 8 cm
Breadth of resulting cuboid = 4 cm
Height of resulting cuboid = 4 cm
Surface area = 2(lb + bh + hl)
= 160 cm
2
.
2. (B) Volume of big sphere
V
1
=
4
3
(3)
3
Volume of 1 small sphere
V
2
=
4
3
(0.3)
3
Number of balls obtained
=
1
2
V
V
=
27
0.027
= 1000.
3. 3 : 1.
Hint: Volume of cylinder = V
1
= r
2
h
Volume of cone = V
2
=
1
3
r
2
h
V
1
: V
2
= 1 :
1
3
= 3 : 1.
4. 176 mm
2
Hint:
Surface area of capsule
= Lateral surface area of cylinder
+ 2 Lateral surface area of hemisphere
5. Volume of water filled in the cone
=
1
3
r
2
h =
1
3
4 4 12
= 64 cm
3
Let the number of lead shots be x.
So, volume of x lead shots =
1
4
capacity
of the cone
x
4
3
(0.5)
3
=
1
4
64
x =
16 3
4 0.125
=
48
0.5
= 96
Hence, the required number of shots is 96.
6. Volume of earth dug out = r
2
h
=
22
7
7 7 20 = 154 20 = 3080 m
3
Area of platform= 22 14 r
2
= 22 14
22
7
7
2
= 154 m
2
Now, height of the platform
=
Volume of earth dug out
Area of platform
=
3080
154
= 20 m.
7. Radius of the pipe = r =
14
2
= 7 cm =
7
100
m
Rate of flowing of water
= 15 km/h
=
15 1000
3600
m/s =
25
6
m/s
Let the required time be t.
Water flowing through the pipe in 1 second
= r
2
Rate of water flowing
=
3
22 7 7 25
m
7 100 100 6
=
3
77
m
1200
Water flowing into the tank in t seconds
=
77
1200
t m
3
263
F R U S A E R A C A S N A D U L O V E M S E
This volume of the water is the same as
the volume of the water in the tank at the
height of 21 cm.
77
1200
t = 50 44
21
100
t =
50 44 21 1200
77 100

= 7200 seconds
t = 2 hrs.
8. r = 8 cm; R = 20 cm; h = 16 cm
Slant height = l =
( )
2
2
+ R h r
=
2 2
16 +12
=
400
= 20 cm.
Total surface area of container
= l (R + r) + r
2
= [l (R + r) + r
2
]
= 3.14 [20 28 + 64]
= 1959.36 cm
2
Cost of metal sheet used
= 1959.36
15
100
= ` 293.90.
WORKSHEET 94
1. (A) Volume of sphere =
4
3
(3)
3
Let length of wire = l.
Radius of wire (r) =
4
2
= 2 mm =
2
10
cm.
Volume of wire = r
2
l =
2
2
10

l
Volume of sphere = Volume of wire
4
3
27 =
4
100
l
l = 900 cm.
2. (B)
Hint: V =
1 2 1 2
A A A A
3
h
1
+ +
]
= 5(20 + 8) = 140 cm
3
.
3. Let the base radii be 3x and 5x respectively
and let the same height be h.
V
1
=
2
1
(3 )
3
x h ; V
2
=
2
1
(5 )
3
x h

1
2
V
V
=
2
2
9
25
x
x
, i.e., V
1
: V
2
= 9 : 25.
4. 53.625 cm
2
Hint:
H= height of cone
= 7.75 1.75
= 6 cm
l = slant height of
cone
=
2 2
H r +
T.S.A.
= C.S.A. of cone + C.S.A. of hemisphere
= rl + 2r
2
= r [l + 2r].
5. T.S.A. = C.S.A. + 2 (C.S.A. of hemisphere)
= 2rh + 2(2r
2
) = 2rh + 4r
2
=

2r [h + 2r] = 2
22
7
3.5 [10 + 7]
= 2 22 0.5 17
= 374 cm
2
.
6. 4158 cm
3
Hint:
Volume of solid
= Volume of cone
+ Volume of hemisphere
=
1
3
r
2
h +
2
3
r
3
=
2
3
r
(h + 2r).
7. Volume of material of hollow spherical shell
= External volume Internal volume
=
3 3
4 4
(5) (3)
3 3

=
3 3
4
(5 3 )
3
=
3
4 98
cm
3
Let the radius of the cylinder be r.

Volume of the cylinder = r
2

3
8
cm
3
As volume of the material will remain
same.
r
2

8
3
=
4 98
3
r
2
= 49 r = 7 2r = 14
Hence, the diameter of the cylinder is
14 cm.
8. Radius of bottom = r
1
=
20
2
= 10 cm
Radius of top = r
2
=
40
2
= 20 cm
Height = h = 12 cm
Volume of the bucket =
3
h
(r
1
2
+ r
2
2
+ r
1
r
2
)
=
3.14 12
3
(10
2
+ 20
2
+ 10 20)
= 12.56 700 = 8792 cm
3
Slant height of the bucket
l =
( )
2
2
1 2
+ h r r
=
( )
2
2
12 20 10 +
=
244
=
2 61
= 2 7.81
= 15.62 cm
Surface area of the bucket
= (r
1
+ r
2
) l + r
1
2
= 3.14 (10 + 20) 15.62 + 3.14 100
= 1785.40 cm
2
= 17.85 dm
2
Now,
Cost = Surface area Rate
= 17.85 1.20 = 21.42
Hence, the volume is 8792 cm
3
and cost is
` 21.42.
WORKSHEET 95
1. (A) Let the increase in level be h.
Increase in volume of water = Volume of
the sphere
8
2
h =
3
4
6
3
h = 4.5 cm.
2. (D) Let radius of the cone = r
2
1
3
r x =
3
4
3
x
r = 2x cm.
3. Let the required number of cubes be n.
Volume of n cubes = Volume of the ball
n 1
3
=
4 22 21 21 21

3 7 2 2 2
n = 4851.
4. T.S.A. of remaining solid
= C.S.A. of cylinder
+ Area of circular base
+ C.S.A. of cone.
= 2rh + r
2
+ rl
= r [2h + r + l];
=
22
7
0.7 [4.8 + 0.7 + 2.5]
( ) ( )
2 2
2.4 0.7 2.5 cm l
1
+
1
]
= 17.6 18 cm
2
.
5. Volume of 1 conical depression
V
1
=
2
1
3
r h
= ( )
2 1 22
0.5 1.4
3 7
=
22 0.25 0.2
3
= 0.37
265
Volume of 4 conical depressions
V
2
= 4 V
1
V
2
= 1.48 cm
3
Volume of wood in stand
= 15 10 3.5 1.48
= 523.52 cm
3
.
6. Let n cones are required.
Volume of ice cream in n cones
= Volume of ice cream in 4 cylinders

2 3
1 7 2 7
12 +
3 2 3 2
n
1
_ _

1

, ,
1
]
= 4
2
21
2
_

,
38
2
1 7 7
2 6 +
3 2 2
_ 1

1
, ]
n
= 4
2121
4
38
49 19
12
n
= 21 21 38
n = 3 3 2 12
n = 216.
7. 157.5 cm.
Hint: Volume of water flows out of pipe in
1 hour (V
1
) = (1)
2
70 3600 cm
3
Let level of water rise in tank = h
Volume of tank (V
2
) = (40)
2
h
V
1
= V
2
h =
70 3600
40 40
= 157.5 cm.
8.
4
782
7
cm
2
Hint: Area of sheet required = Surface area
of cylinder + Surface area of frustum
= 2r
1
h + (r
1
+ r
2
) l;
where r
1
= radius of smaller base
and r
2
= radius of larger base.
WORKSHEET 96
1. (A) ABC ~ ADE
2
1
r
r
=
2h
h
r
2
= 2r
1
Volume of upper part
V
1
=
1
3
r
1
2
h
Volume of lower part
V
2
=
1
3
h (r
1
2
+ 4r
1
2
+ 2r
1
2
) =
2
1
7
3
r h
V
1
: V
2
= 1 : 7.
2. (C) Let required height = H.
r
2
H +
2
1
3
r h = 3
2
1
3
r h
H +
1
3
h = h H =
2
3
h
.
3. Volume of whole solid
= Volume of cone + Volume of cylinder
+ Volume of hemisphere.
=
1
3
r
2
H + r
2
h +
2
3
r
3
=

1
3
r
2
[H + 3h + 2r]
=
( )
1 22 7 7
2.8 19.5 7
3 7 2 2
+ +
=
22 7
29.3
3 4
= 376.016 cm
3
.
4. False, because the volume of the ball
having radius as
2
a
=
4
3
3
2
a
_

,
=
3
4
24
a .
5. Height of the cylinder = h = 20 cm.
Radius of the cylinder or of the hemisphere
= r =
10.5
2
= 5.25 cm
Total surface area
= Curved surface area of the cylinder
+ 2 curved surface area of
either hemisphere
= 2rh + 2 2r
2
= 2r (h + 2r)
= 2
22
7
5.25 (20 + 10.5)
= 33 30.5 = 1006.5 cm
2
.
6. Let the radius and slant height of the
conical heap be r and l respectively.
Volume of sand filled in the bucket
= (18)
2
32
Volume of sand in conical form
=
2
1
24
3
r
As volume of sand will remain same.
2
1
24
3
r = (18)
2
32
r
2
=
3 18 18 32
24
= 1296
r = 36 cm
Further, l =
( ) ( )
2 2
Radius Height +
=
2 2
36 24 + =
1872
= 12 13 cm
Thus, radius = 36 cm and slant height
= 12 13 cm.
7. Rate of water flowing =
5
6
m/sce
In 1 second water flows =
5
6
m
Internal diameter =
1
5
m
Volume of water flows out from pipe
in 1 second = r
2
h
=
2
22 1 5

7 10 6

=
3
11
m
420
.
Volume of water in tank = r
2
h
=
2
22 10
2
7 2

=
3
1100
m
7
Time taken to fill the tank
=
1100
7
11
420
= 100 60 seconds
= 1 hr 40 min.
8. h = 16 cm, r
1
= 8 cm, r
2
= 20 cm
Capacity of container (frustum)
=
( )
2 2
1 2 1 2
+ +
3
h
r r r r
=
3.14 16
3
(8
2
+ 20
2
+ 8 20)
=
50.24
3
(64 + 400 + 160)
=
50.24
3
624 = 50.24 208
= 10449.92 cm
3
=
10449.92
1000
l
= 10.44992 l
Cost of milk
= Capacity in litres Rate per litre
= 10.44992 20
= ` 208.9984 ` 209.
If l be the slant height of the frustum, then
l =
( )
2
2
2 1
+ h r r =
2 2
16 12 +
=
400
= 20 cm
Total surface area of the frustum
= (r
1
+ r
2
) l + r
1
2
= 3.14 [(8 + 20) 20 + 8
2
]
= 3.14 624 = 1959.36 cm
2
Cost of metal sheet used
=
1959 . 36
8
100
= 156.7488 ` 156.75
Thus, cost of milk is ` 209 and cost of metal
sheet is ` 156.75.
267
WORKSHEET 97
1. (A) Surface area of cone
= Surface area of hemisphere
r
2 2
+ r h
= 2r
2
r
2
+ h
2
= 4r
2
3r
2
= h
2
2
2
r
h
=
1
3
r : h = 1 : 3 .
2. (D) N
3
4 4.2
3 2
_

,
= 66 42 21
N =
66 422137
4 222.12.12.1
= 1500.
3. Let H = 120 cm= height of cone
h = 180 cm= height of cylinder
r = 60 cm= radius of cone, cylinder
and hemisphere
Volume of water left in cylinder
= Volume of cylinder Volume of cone
Volume of hemisphere
=
2 2 3
1 2
H
3 3
r h r r
=
2
H 2
3 3
r h r
1

1
]
=
22
7
60 60 [180 40 40]
=
22
7
60 60 100 cm
3
= 1.131 m
3
.
4. False, because
3
4
R
3
= 8
3
4
3
r r =
R
2
.
5. r = 14 m
h = height of cone
= 13.5 3 = 10.5 m
H = height of cylinder
= 3 m
l =
2 2
14 + 10.5
=
196 + 110.25
=
306.25
= 17.5 m
Area to be painted = C.S.A. of cone + C.S.A.
of cylinder.
= rl + 2rH = r [l + 2H]
=
22
7
14 23.5 = 1034 m
2
Cost = 1034 2 = ` 2068.
6.
r = radius of cone =
40
2
= 20 cm
h = height of cone = 24 cm
Volume of cone (V
1
) =
1
3
r
2
h cm
3
Also, volume of water flows out of pipe in
1 min
V
2
= R
2
H
=
2
3
5
1000 cm
20
_

,
Let conical vessel fills in 't' min.
V
1
= t V
2
t =
1
2
V
V
=
( )
2
1
20 24
3
5
1000
20
2

_

,
400 8 400
25 1000
= 51.2 min.
= 51 min 12 sec.
7. r
1
= radius of small cylinder = 8 cm
h
1
= height of small cylinder = 60 cm
r
2
= radius of big cylinder = 12 cm
h
2
= height of big cylinder = 220 cm
Volume of pole
= Volume of small cylinder
+ Volume of big cylinder.
= r
1
2
h
1
+ r
2
2
h
2
= 3.14 [64 60 + 144
200]
= 3.14 [3840 + 31680]
= 111532.8 cm
3
Mass = 111532.8 8 g
= 892.26 kg.
8. 340 m
2
Hint:

Quantity of canvas required
= C.S.A. of cone + C.S.A. of frustum.
WORKSHEET 98
1. (A)
2. (C)
3. Number of bags =
Volumeof circular drum
Volumeof each bag
=
2
3.14(4.2) 3.5
2.1
92.
4. L = 15 cm, B = 10 cm and H = 5 cm
Volume of block = L B H
= 15 10 5
= 750 cm
3
.
The hole is only possible throughout the
surface having area 15 cm 10 cm.
Volume of circular hole
= r
2
h =
2
22 7
5
7 2
_

,
=
22 7
5
4
=
154 5
4
= 192.5 cm
3
Volume of remaining solid
= 750 192.5
= 557.5 cm
3
5. 6.521 kg (approx.)
Hint: Volume of metal in pipe = h (R
2
r
2
)
where, R = outer radius and r = inner radius.
Also, mass = volume density.
6. Canal is in the form of cuboid.
So, width = 30 dm = 3 m
height = 12 dm = 1.2 m
length = distance travelled by water
in 30 min.
= 5 km = 5000 m
Volume of water in canal = Volume of
cuboid
= 3 1.2 5000
= 18000 m
3
Let the required area for irrigation be
x square metre. Then
8
100
x = 18000
{
.
.
.
Area height = volume}
x = 225000 m
2
.
269
7. Let BO= r
OD= r
AC =
2 2
15 20 +
= 225 400 +
=
625
= 25 cm.
Area of ABC =
1
BC AB
2
=
1
15 20
2
= 150 cm
2
...(i)
Again area of ABC
=
1
AC BO
2
=
1
25
2
r
...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we obtain
r = 12 cm.
From AOB,
AO =
2 2
20 12 = 16 cm.
Now, volume of double cone
= Volume of cone BADOB + Volume
of cone BCDOB
= ( ) ( )
2 2 1 1
12 16 + 12 9
3 3

=
( )
1 22
144 16 + 9
3 7
= 3771.43 cm
3
Surface area of double cone
= 1220 + 1215
= ( )
22
12 20 +15
7
= 1320 cm
2
.
8. Let height and radius of the original cone
ABC be AO = 3h and BO = 3r respectively.
As planes PQR and STU trisect the cone
ABC,
AQ = QT = TO = h
In ABO, PQ & BO,
PQ
BO
=
AQ
AO
PQ
3r
=
3
h
h
PQ = r
Similarly, ST = 2r
Now, V
APR
=
2
1
3
r h ...(i)
V
PSUR
=
3
h
[r
2
+ (2r)
2
+ r 2r]
=
2
7
3
r h ...(ii)
V
SBCU
=
3
h
[(2r)
2
+ (3r)
2
+ 2r 3r]
=
2
19
3
r h ...(iii)
Using equations (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
V
APR
:

V
PSUR
:

V
SBCU :
= 1 : 7 : 19
Hence proved.
OR
1.05 l; 1961.14 cm
2
Hint: Capacity = Volume
=
( )
2 2
1 2 1 2
3
h
r r r r
+ +
Surface area =
( )
2
1 1 2
r r r l + + , r
1
< r
2
ASSESSMENT SHEET 17
1. (C) 4x 7x = 792
x
2
=
792 7
22 4 7

x = 3
Radius = 4x = 12 cm.
2. (B) AMN ~ AOC
h
h h
+
=
2
1
r
r
hr
1
= hr
2
+ hr
2
h(r
1
r
2
) = hr
2
h =
2
2
hr
r r
h + h =
1
1 2
hr
r r
.
3. h = 12 m
2
1
r = 9 and
2
2
r = 4
2
1
r
=
9
and
2
2
r =
4
Volume =
3
h
(
2
1
r +
2
2
r + r
l
r
2
)
=
12
3
9 4 9 4
+ +
_

,
= 4
1
(9 + 4 + 6) = 76 m
3
.
4. False, volume of the ball with radius
2
a
=
3
4
3 2
_

,
a
=
3
1
6
a .
5. Edge of the cube = l
Radius of the hemisphere
= r =
2
l
After cutting out the
hemispherical depres-
sion, the surface area of
the remaining solid
= Surface area of the cube + Inner
curved surface area of hemisphere
Base area of the hemisphere
= 6l
2
+ 2r
2
r
2
= 6l
2
+ r
2
= 6l
2
+
2
2
l
_

,
=
2
1
(24 )
4
l + sq. units.
6. Let the width of the embankment be x.
Let radius of well (r)
=
7
2
m
Volume of the earth
dug out = r
2
h
=
2
7
2
_

,
22.5
Volume of the embankment
= (r + x)
2
H r
2
H
= H (r + x + r) (r + x r)
= 1.5 (7 + x) x
Since, the embankment is formed by using
the earth dug out. Therefore, their volumes
should be equal.
i.e., 1.5 (7 + x) x =
2
7
2
_

,
22.5
7x + x
2
=
157 7
22
4x
2
+ 28x 735 = 0
This is a quadratic equation in x. Now, we
have to solve it.
( )
2
2 7 + x = 735 + 49 = 28
2
2x + 7 = 28
x = 10.5, 17.5
Since the width cannot be negative.
Therefore, x = 10.5
Hence, width of the embankment is 10.5 m.
7. Radius of the pipe = r =
14
2
= 7 cm
Rate of flowing the water = 15 km/hr
= 1500000 cm/hr
Volume of water flowing per hour from the
pipe = r
2
h
=
2
22
7 1500000
7

= 22 7 1500000 cm
3
Volume of water required in the tanks
= Length Width Height
= 50 m 44 m 21 cm
= 5000 4400 21 cm
3
Required time
=
Volume of water required
Volume of water flowing per hour
=
5000 4400 21
22 7 1500000
= 2 hours.
8. In the adjoining figure,
in ABE and ACD,
BE CD, CD AC and
BE AC
ABE ~ ACD
AB
AC
=
BE
CD
2
h
h
=
R
r
r =
R
2
r = 5 cm ... (i)
( R = 10 cm as given)
271
V
1
= Volume of upper part =
2
1
3
r h
=
1
25
3
h ...(ii)
[Using (i)]
V
2
= Volume of lower part
=
2 2
1
( R R)
3
+ + h r r
=
( )
1
25 +100 +50
3
h
=
1
175
3
h ... (iii)
Required ratio
1
2
V
V
=
1
25
3
1
175
3
h
h
[Using(ii) and (iii)]
=
1
7
Hence, the ratio of the volumes of the two
parts is 1 : 7.
ASSESSMENT SHEET 18
1. (B) C.S.A. = Inner C.S.A. + Outer C.S.A.
= 2
2
1
r + 2
2
2
r = 2 ( )
2 2
1 2
+ r r
.
2. (A) n
4
3

3
6
2
_

,
= ( )
2
1
12 24
3

n =
12128 3
4 333
n = 32.
3. r
2
h = 448 r
2
7 = 448
r =
64
r = 8 cm
Curved surface area = 2rh = 2
22
7
8 7
= 352 cm
2
.
4. False, sides become a, a and 2a and so surface
area will become
2(a a + a 2a + 2a a) = 2(a
2
+ 2a
2
+ 2a
2
)
= 10a
2
.
5. Let the edge of the cube be a and the radius
of the sphere be r.
Surface area of the sphere
= Surface area of the cube
4r
2
= 6a
2
r
2
=
2
6
4
a
r =
3
2
a
Volume of the sphere (V
1
) =
3
4
3
r
=
3
2
3
4 3
3 2
a
_

,
Volume of the cube (V
2
) = a
3
Ratio in their volumes
1
2
V
V
=
3
2
3
4 3
3 2
a
_

,
: a
3
=
3 3
2
2 2
3
2
2 2
3 3

a
3
: a
3
=
1
2
1
3
a
3
: a
3
=
6
: 1.
V
1
: V
2
= 1 :
6
.
6. h = 7 cm; r =
5
2
mm = 0.25 cm
Volume of the barrel = r
2
h
=
22
0.25 0.25 7
7
= 1.375 cm
3
Volume of ink in the bottle
=
1
5
litre =
3
1
1000 cm
5
= 200 cm
3
Number of barrels filled by the ink of bottle
=
200
1.375
=
200000
1375
=
1600
11
Number of words written by 1 barrel = 330
Number of words written by
1600
11
barrels
= 330
1600
11
= 48000.
7. The given hollow
cone of base radius r
2
is cut at a distance h
1
from the vertex of it.
The upper part is also
a cone of height h
1
,
base radius r
1
and the
slant height l
1
. The
remaining part is a frustum of height h
2
, base
radii r
1
, r
2
and slant height l
2
. Thus, the height
and slant height of the whole cone will be h
1
+ h
2
and l
1
+ l
2
respectively (see figure).
ABC ~ ADE (AA criterion of similarity)
AD
AB
=
DE
BC
=
AE
AC
1 2
1
+ h h
h
=
2
1
r
r
=
1 2
1
+ l l
l
... (i)
2
1
1 +
h
h
= 1 +
2
1
l
l
1
2
h
h
=
1
2
l
l
... (ii)
Curved surface of the frustum =
8
9
curved
surface of the whole cone
(r
1
+ r
2
) l
2
=
8
9
r
2
(l
1
+ l
2
)
9r
1
l
2
+ 9r
2
l
2
= 8r
2
l
1
+ 8r
2
l
2
8r
2
l
1
9r
1
l
2
= r
2
l
2
1
2
8 l
l
1
2
9 r
r
= 1
(Dividing throughout by r
2
l
2
)
8
1
2
h
h
9
1
1 2
_

+
,
h
h h
= 1
2
1 1 2 1 2
2 1 2
8 + 8 9
( + )
h h h h h
h h h
= 1
8
2
1
h h
1
h
2
= h
1
h
2
+
2
2
h
8
2
1
h
2
2
h = 2h
1
h
2
8
1 2
2 1
h h
h h
= 2
(Dividing throughout by h
1
h
2
)
Put
1
2
h
h
= x to get
8x
1
x
= 2
8x
2
2x 1 = 0
(2x 1) (4x + 1) = 0
x =
1
2
or x =
1
4
Since ratio of heights can't be negative,
so x
1
4
x =
1
2

1
2
h
h
=
1
2
h
1
: h
2
= 1 : 2
Hence the plane divides the altitude of the
cone in the ratio 1 : 2.
8. Radius of cylindrical vessel = R =
21
2
cm and
height of it = H = 38 cm
Volume of each cylindrical vessel = R
2
H
Volume of ice cream in 4 vessels = 4R
2
H
Radius of cone = r =
7
2
cm
Height of cone = h = 12 cm
Volume of ice cream in the
each conical shape =
2
1
3
r h
Radius of hemisphere = r =
7
2
cm
Volume of ice cream in each hemispherical
shape =
3
2
3
r
273
Volume of ice cream in one cone
=
2 3
1 2
3 3
+ r h r
=
2
1
( 2 )
3
r h r +
Number of required cones
=
Volume of ice creamin 4
cylindrical vessels
Volume of ice creamin 1 cone
with hemispherical top
=
( )
2
2
4 R H
1
2
3
r h r
+
=
( )
2
2
12R H
2 + r h r
=
( )
21 21
12 38
2 2
7 7
12 + 7
2 2
=
12 3 3 38
19
= 216.
CHAPTER TEST
1. (D)
1
2
V
V

64
27

3
1
3
2
4
3
4
3
r
r

3
3
4
3

1
2
r
r
4
3
1
2
S
S

2
1
2
2
4
4
r
r

2
1
2
_

,
r
r
2
4
3
_

,
16
9
S
1
: S
2
= 16 : 9.
2. (A) 49 33 24 =
3
4 22

3 7
r
r =
3
9261
r = 21 cm.
3. r
1
=
44
2
= 22 cm,
r
2
=
24
2
= 12 cm, h = 35 cm
Capacity =
3
h
2 2
1 2 1 2
( ) r r r r + +
= ( )
22 35
484+144+264
7 3
= 32706.67cm
3
=
32706.67
1000
l
= 32.7 l.
4. True, because capacity
=
2 3
2
3
r h r
=
2
(3 2 )
3
r
h r .
5. Radius of each cone = r =
6
2
= 3 cm
Let the heights of the cone be h
1
and h
2
respectively.
h
1
+ h
2
= 21 cm ...(i)
Given:
1
2
V
V
=
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
3
1
3
r h
r h
=
2
1
h
1
= 2h
2
Substitute h
1
= 2h
2
in equation (i) to get
h
2
= 7 cm h
1
= 14 cm
Now, V
1
=
2
1
1
3
r h =
2
1 22
3 14
3 7
= 132 cm
3
and V
2
=
2
2
1
3
r h =
2
1 22
3 7
3 7
= 66 cm
3
Volume of remaining portion
= Volume of the cylinder (V
1
+ V
2
)
= r
2
21 (132 + 66)
= ( )
2
22
3 21 132 66
7
+
= 594 198 = 396 cm
3
.
6. Let the edge of the new formed cube be a.
Note that volume of a cube = (Edge)
3
Sum of the volumes of three cubes
= Volume of the new formed cube
3
3
+ 4
3
+ 5
3
= a
3
a
3
= 27 + 64 + 125
a = ( )
1
3
216
a = 6 cm
Hence, the required edge is 6 cm.
8. Let height of the building be h.
Radius of dome or cylinder
= r =
2
3
h
1
2
=
1
3
h
Capacity of the building = 67
3
1
m
21
r
2
(h r) +
3
2
3
r =
1408
21
r
2
h r
3
+
3
2
3
r =
1408
21
1
3
r
2
(3h r) =
1408
21
1
3
22
7
2
1
9
h
1
3
3
_

,
h h =
1408
21
h
3

1408 219 3
22 8 21
h
3
216
h = 6 m
Hence, height of the building is 6 m.

275
R S I T C E P A E P A C R P
Practice Paper1
SECTION-A
1. (C) D= b
2
4ac = ( 4)
2
4
( ) ( )
2 2
= 16 + 8 = 24.
2. (B) a = 5, d =
1
2
a
n
= a + (n 1) d
a
n
= 5 + (n 1)
1
2
= 5 +
2
n

1
2
=
11
2 2
n
+ = ( )
1
11
2
n .
3. (C) M is the nearest point from P because
PMO is a straight line.
PO
2
= OQ
2
+ PQ
2
( Q = 90)
(PM+ 6)
2
= 6
2
+ 8
2

PM + 6 = 10
PM= 4 cm.
4. (C) tan P =
AB
BP
=
2
2 3
=
1
3
= tan 30
P = 30.
5. (D)As we know AB + DC= AD + BC
18 + x = 16 + 10
18 + x = 26
x = 8 cm.
6. (C)
Arc length =
180

r
3 =
(6)
180

3 180
6

=
= 90.
7. (D)
OPQ = OPT QPT

= 90 60
= 30.
8. (C) N
4
3

3
6
2

=
2
4
2

45
N 36 = 4 45
N=
180
36
= 5.
9. (A) In a single throw of die, the even
number may be 2, 4 or 6.
P(getting an even number) =
3
6
=
1
2
.
10. (D) Let the required angle be .
We know that angle between tangents
and the angle between corresponding
radii are supplementary
+ 35 = 180
= 145.
SECTION-B
11. V
1
= Volume of cone =
2
1
3
r h
= ( )
2
1
2.1 8.4
3

V
2
= Volume of sphere =
3
4
R
3
As V
1
= V
2
3
4
R
3
= ( )
2
1
2.1 8.4
3
R
3
= (2.1)
3
R = 2.1 cm.
12. As APB = 80
APO= 40
(
.
.
.
OP bisect APB)
Also PAO= 90
In OAP,
A + P + O= 180
O= 50
POA= 50.
PRACTICE PAPERS
276
A M T H E M A T C S I X
13. We have kx
2
5x + k = 0
Comparing it with ax
2
+ bx + c = 0,
we get a = k, b = 5 and c = k.
For real and equal roots,
b
2
4ac = 0 25 4k
2
= 0
4k
2
= 25 k =
5
2
.
14. Let the common difference of the two
A.P.s be d. Then, their n
th
terms are:
a
n
= 3 + (n 1)
.
d
and a
n
= 8 + (n 1)
.
d
a
n
a
n
= 3 + (n 1)
.
d 8 (n 1)
.
d
= 5 for all nN
a
2
a
2
= 5.
15. The coordinates of centroid are:
1 2 3 1 2 3
+ + + +
,
3 3
x x x y y y

=
0 + 8 + 6 8 +12 + 0
,
3 3

=
14 20
,
3 3

.
16. Since A(x, y), B(1, 2), C(7, 0) are collinear.
So ar(ABC) = 0
1
2
x(2 0) + 1(0 y) + 7(y 2) = 0
2x y + 7y 14 = 0
x + 3y 7 = 0.
17. Total number of cards = 1000
The cards each bearing a perfect square
number greater than 500 are: 529, 576,
625, 676, 729, 784, 841, 900 and 961.
Number of such cards = 9
(i) P(the first player wins a prize)
=
9
1000
(ii) After winning the first player:
Number of total cards = 999
and number of card each bearing a
perfect square number greater than
500 = 8
P(the second player wins a prize, if
the first has won) =
8
999
.
18. Let OAB be the given sector.
Then perimeter of OAB = 22 cm
OA + OB + l = 22 cm
6 + 6 + l = 22 cm
l = 10 cm
Area of sector =
1
2
lr
=
1
2
10 6 = 30 cm
2
.
OR
ND =
CD
2
=
12
2
= 6 cm
MB =
AB
2
=
16
2
= 8 cm
In ODN, ON =
2 2
OD ND
ON =
2 2
10 6
=
64
= 8 cm
In OBM, OM =
2 2
OB MB
OM =
2 2
10 8
=
36
= 6 cm
Required distance,
i.e., MN =ON OM = 8 6 = 2 cm.
SECTION-C
19. tan =
15
8
=
AB
BC
AB = 15k and BC = 8k
AC =
2 2
225 64 + k k
= 17k.
17k = 90
k =
90
17
AB = 15k =
15 90
17
= 79.41 m.
Height of kite above the ground is
79.41 m.
277
20. Given equation is 4x
2
+ 4bx (a
2
b
2
) = 0
Comparing with Ax
2
+ Bx + C = 0, we get
A = 4, B = 4b, C = (a
2
b
2
)
D = B
2
4AC
D = 16b
2
+ 16(a
2
b
2
)
= 16a
2
> 0
Two distinct real roots are given by
x =
B D
2 A
=
2
4 16
8
b a
=
4 4
8
b a
x =
2
a b
or
2
a b +
.
21. Let first term of an A.P. = a
and common difference = d
a
m
=
1
n
a + (m 1)d =
1
n
...(i)
and a
n
=
1
m
a + (n 1)d =
1
m
...(ii)
Subtract equation (ii) from (i),
(m n)d =
1
n

1
m
(m n)d =
m n
mn
d =
1
mn
Using d in (i), we get
a + (m 1)
1
mn
=
1
n
a +
1
n

1
mn
=
1
n
a =
1
mn
S
mn
=
2
mn
{2a + (mn 1)d}
=
2
mn ( ) 1 2
+
, ,

mn
mn mn
S
mn
=
1
( 1)
2
+ mn .
Hence proved.
22. We have
SP =
( ) ( )
2
2
2
2 0 + at a at
= a
( )
2
2 2
1 4 t t +
=
4 2 2
1 2 4 a t t t + +
=
4 2
2 1 a t t + +
=
( )
2
2
1 a t + = a ( )
2
1 + t
and SQ=
2 2
2
2
0
a a
a
t t
_ _
+

, ,
=
( )
2
2 2
2
4 2
1
4
a t
a
t t
+
SQ=
2
a
t
( )
2
2 2
1 4 + t t
=
2
a
t
( )
2
2
1 + t
=
2
a
t
(1 + t
2
)
1 1
SP SQ
+ =
( ) ( )
2
2 2
1
1 1
+
+ +
t
a t a t
=
( )
2
2
1
1
+
+
t
a t
=
1
a
;
Hence proved.
23. As we know that opposite sides of the
circumscribing quadrilateral sub-tend
supplementary angles at the centre of the
circle.
278
DOC + AOB = 180
95 + AOB = 180
AOB = 180 95 = 85
Similarity, AOD + BOC = 180
AOD + 92 = 180
AOD = 180 92 = 88.
24. Let A (3, 4) and B (1, 2).
As AP = PQ = QB.
So AP : PB = 1 : 2
Using section formula,
p =
.
1 (1) + 2(3)
1 + 2
=
7
3
again Q is mid-point of PB.
Using mid-point formula,
q =
2 +2
2
= 0.
Thus, p =
7
3
; q = 0.
25.
ABC is required triangle.
OR
AP and AQ are required tangents.
26. OA = 7 cm = R (say)
Area of outer circle
= R
2
= (7)
2
=
22
7
49 = 154 cm
2
Also OD = OA = 7 cm
r =
7
2
cm
Area of smaller circle
= r
2
=
22 7 7
7 2 2

=
77
2
= 38.5 cm
2
.
Required area= 154 38.5
= 115.5 cm
2
.
OR
The sectors made by drawing arcs are
equal in area.
279
Sum of areas of the three sectors
=
2
60
3 5
360
.
Area of shaded region
=
1
3 25
6

=
25
2
cm
2
Area of equilateral triangle ABC
=
2
3
10
4
=
2
25 3 cm
Now, area of unshaded region
= Area of ABC Area of shaded
region
=
25
25 3
2

= 25 1.732
25
3.14
2
= 43.3 39.25
= 4.05 cm
2
.
27. Since each design
occupy an area equal to
a segment of a circle of
radius 28 cm and having
central angle 60.
Area of 6 designs
= 6
2 2 2
sin cos cm
360 2 2
r r

= 6
60 22
360 7

28 28 28 28
sin 30
.
cos 30
cm
2
= 6 28 28
1 22 1 3

6 7 2 2

= 2464 1999.2 = 464.8 cm
2
Cost of making the designs
= 464.8 3.50
= ` 1626.80.
28. Hint: Total events = 36
Even sum: 2; (1, 1)
4; (2, 2), (1, 3), (3, 1)
6; (1, 5), (5, 1), (2, 4), (4, 2), (3, 3)
8; (2, 6), (6, 2), (3, 5), (5, 3), (4, 4)
10; (4, 6), (6, 4), (5, 5)
12; (6, 6)
Number of favourable events = 18
18 1
36 2
= .
OR
Total number of balls = 10 + 5 + 7 = 22
(i) Probability of drawing a red ball
=
Number of red balls
Total number of balls
=
10
22
=
5
11
(ii) Probability of drawing a green ball
=
Number of green balls
=
7
22
(iii) Probability of drawing a blue ball
=
Number of blue balls
=
5
22
Probability of drawing not a blue ball
= 1 Probability of
drawing a blue ball
= 1
5
22
=
17
22
.
SECTION-D
29. Height of the cylinder h = 2.4 cm
and radius r =
1.4
2
= 0.7 cm
Also height of the conical cavity
= 2.4 cm
and radius = 0.7 cm
Slant height of the cavity l
=
2 2
+ l h
=
2 2
(0.7) +(2.4)
=
6.25
= 2.5 cm.
280
Now, T.S.A. of remai-
ning solid = C.S.A. of
cylinder + C.S.A. of
cone + Area of base
of cylinder.
2rh + rl + r
2
r (2h + l + r)
=
22
7
0.7
(4.8 + 2.5 + 0.7)
= 17.6 cm
2
18 cm
2
.
30. Let V = Volume of pool
Let x = Number of hours required by
second pipe to fill the pool
x + 5 = Number of hours taken by first
pipe to fill the pool
x 4 = Number of hours taken by third
pipe to fill the pool.
The parts of pool
filling in one hour
by first, second and
third pipe would be
V
+5 x
,
V
x
and
V
4 x
respectively.
V V
+
+ 5 x x
=
V
4 x
1 1
+
+ 5 x x
=
1
4 x
(2x + 5)(x 4) = x
2
+ 5x
x
2
8x 20 = 0
x
2
10x + 2x 20 = 0
(x 10)(x + 2) = 0
x = 10 or x = 2
x = 10.
(Value with negative sign is rejected)
Hence times required by first, second and
third pipe to fill the pool individually are
15 hours, 10 hours and 6 hours
respectively.
OR
Let Nishas present age be x years, so at
present Ashas age be (x
2
+ 2) years when
Nisha grows to her mothers present age,
i.e., (x
2
+ 2) years then Ashas age would
be (10x 1) years.
That means Nisha grows (x
2
+ 2x x) year
and hence Asha also grows the same
years. That means Ashas age would be
{(x
2
+ 2) + (x
2
+ 2 x)} years.
Now equating Ashas both of above
mentioned ages, we get:
(x
2
+ 2) + (x
2
+ 2 x) = 10x 1
2x
2
x + 4 = 10x 1
2x
2
11x + 5 = 0
2x
2
10x x + 5 = 0
2x(x 5) 1 (x 5) = 0
(x

5) (2x 1) = 0 x = 5,
1
2
But x =
1
2
does not satisfy all the given
conditions.
Therefore, Nishas present age = 5 years
and Ashas present age = x
2
+ 2 = 27 years.
31. Join OA, OC, OB;
and also join OE,
OF; E and F being
point of contacts.
Now, radius of
circle
= OD = OE
= OF = 4 cm
and BC = CD + DB = 14 cm
Also CD= CF = 6 cm
and BD= BE = 8 cm.
Let AF = AE = x
AC = 6x; AB = 8 + x
a =14, b = 6 + x, c = 8 + x
Now, using Herons formula
ar(ABC) = ( )( )( ) s s a s b s c
where, s =
+ +
2
a b c
=
14 + 6 + + 8 +
2
x x
= 14 + x
281
ar(ABC) = (14 + ) 8 6 x x
= 48 (14 + ) x x ... (i)
Also,
ar(ABC) = ar(OBC) + ar(OAB)
+ ar(OAC)
=
1 1
BC OD + AB OE
2 2
1
+ AC OF
2
=
1
4 (BC + AB + AC)
2
= 2(14 + 6 + x + 8 + x)
= 56 + 4x ... (ii)
From (i) and (ii),
48 (14 + ) x x = 56 + 4x
4 3 (14 + ) x x = 56 + 4x
3 (14 + ) x x = 14 + x
3x (14 + x) = (14 + x)
2
3x = 14 + x
2x = 14
x = 7
AB = 8 + x = 15 cm
And AC = 6 + x = 13 cm.
OR
We have, radius (OP) = 5 cm = OE and
OT = 13 cm.
OP PT so in right-angled OPT,
OP
2
+ PT
2
= OT
2
(Pythagoras Theorem)
5
2
+ PT
2
= 13
2
PT =
169 25
= 12 cm.
Let AE = x so PA = x.
TA= PT PA = 12 x
As OE AB, in right-angled AET,
AE
2
+ ET
2
= AT
2
x
2
+ (8)
2
= (12 x)
2
x
2
+ 64 = 144 24x + x
2
24x = 80 x =
80
24
=
10
3
cm
Similarly, BE =
10
3
cm
Therefore, AB = AE + BE =
20
3
cm.
32. r
1
= Radius of top
= 28 cm
r
2
= Radius of bottom
= 7 cm
V = Capacity
= 21560 cm
3
h = Height of bucket
V=
2 2
1 2 1 2
1
( + + )
3
h r r r r
21560 =
1 22
3 7
h (784 + 49 + 196)
20580 = h 1029
h = 20 cm.
Now, whole surface area (S)
= r
2
2
+ (r
1
+ r
2
)l
Here, l =
2 2
1 2
+ ( ) h r r
= 400 + 441

= 841 = 29 cm
S =
22
7
(7)
2
+
22
7
(28 + 7) 29
=
22
7
(49 + 35 29)
= 3344 cm
2
.
33. Cash prizes are:
` 320, ` 280, ` 240, ` 200, ` 160, ` 120, ` 80.
282
Hint: S
7
= 1400; d = 40; n = 7
1400 =
7
2
[2a 6 40]
( S
n
=
2
n
{2a + (n 1)d})
200 = a 120
a = 320.
34. In Figure, PC
denotes the multi-
storeyed building
and AB denotes
the 8 m tall
building. We are
interested to deter-
mine the height of the multi-storeyed
building, i.e., PC and the distance between
the two buildings, i.e., AC.
Look at the figure carefully. Observe that
PB is a transversal to the parallel lines PQ
and BD. Therefore, QPB and PBD are
alternate angles, and so are equal. So
PBD = 30. Similarly, PAC = 45.
In right-angled PBD, we have
PD
BD
= tan 30 =
1
3
or BD = PD 3
In right-angled PAC, we have
PC
AC
= tan 45 = 1
i.e., PC = AC
Also, PC = PD + DC.
Therefore, PD + DC = AC.
Since, AC = BD and DC = AB = 8 m,
we get
PD + 8 = BD = PD 3
This gives
PD =
( )
( )( )
8 3 +1
8
=
3 1 3 +1 3 1
=
( )
m 4 3 +1 .
So, the height of the multi-storeyed
building =
( ) { }
4 3 + 1 + 8 m= 4
( )
3 + 3 m
and the distance between the two buildings
is also 4
( )
3 + 3 m.
Practice Paper 2
SECTION-A
1. (A) D > 0
6
2
4 1 k > 0
k < 9.
2. (D) 5
th
term from the end
= 201 + (5 1) ( 2)
= 201 8
= 193.
3. (B) 7
Hint: To draw a triangle similar to a given
triangle with a scalar factor
p
q
, p > 0, q > 0,
we should locate the number of points
which is greater of p and q.
4. (C) Sum of opposite sides of a
quadrilateral having a circle inscribed it
are equal.
PQ + RS = PS + QR.
5. (B) Join AC and PC.
PC bisects APB
APC = 45
ACP = 45
In APC,
APC = ACP
AC = AP = 4 cm
Length of each tangent = 4 cm.
283
6. (A)
4
3
R
3
= 49 33 24
3
4 22
R
3 7

= 49 33 24
R
3
=
49 33 24 3 7
4 22
= 49 7 3 = 7
3
3
3
= (21)
3
R = 21 units.
7. (B) Average
=
3 5 5 7 7 7 9 9 9 9
10
+ + + + + + + + +
= 7
P(selected number is 7) =
3
10
.
8. (B) In quadrilateral POQT,
P + O + Q + T = 360
90 + 110 + 90 + T= 360
PTQ= 70.
9. (D) r =
4.2
2
= 2.1 cm;
h = 4.2 cm
Volume=
2
1
3
r h
h =
1 22
2.1 2.1 4.2
3 7
= 19.404 cm
3
19.4 cm
3
.
10. (A) In right ABC,
sin 30 =
6
AC
1
2
=
6
AC
AC = 12 m.
SECTION-B
11. r
1
=
8
2
= 4 m , r
2
=
4
2
= 2 m; h = 6 m
Volume of frustum
= + +
2 2
1 2 1 2
1
( )
3
h r r r r
=
1 22
6(16 + 4 + 8)
3 7
=
44
7
28 = 176 m
3
.
Thus, the capacity of the reservoir is 176 m
3
or 176 kl.
12. Let E be the event of getting the sum as a
perfect square.
E = {(1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 6), (4, 5),
(5, 4), (6, 3)}
n(E) = 7,
Now, P(E) =
(E)
(S)
n
n
=
7
36
. [ n(S) = 36]
13. Since 4 is a root of x
2
+ px 4 = 0
( 4)
2
+ p( 4) 4 = 0
16 4p 4 = 0
4p = 12 p = 3.
Also as the equation x
2
+ px + k = 0 has
equal roots.
D = 0 b
2
4ac = 0
p
2
4k = 0
9 4k = 0
( p = 3)
k =
9
4
.
OR
False, because consider the equation
2x
2
+ 3x 1 = 0; its coefficients are all rational
but its roots are x =
3 9+8
2 2
=
3 17
4
both of them are irrational.

14. The numbers are: 3, 9, 15, 21,.......,99.
It is an A.P.
Let a = 3, d = 6
a
n
= 99
a + (n 1)d = 99
3 + (n 1) 6 = 99 n = 17
284
Required sum= S
n
=
2
n
(a + a
n
)
S
17
=
17
2
(3 + 99) = 867.
15. True.
Let PQ be the tangent at A to the circum-
circle of isosceles ABC.
Given: AB = AC.
ABC = ACB
Construction: Draw AD; perpendicular
bisector of BC as AB = AC.
Perpendicular bisector of BC will pass
through A as well as centre of circle O.
1 + 2 = 90 and 3 + 4 = 90
2 = 3
CAQ= ACB.
So ACB = QAC
Therefore, PQ|| BC
( Alternate interior angle pair is equal).
16. Here, r
1
= 6 cm,
r
2
= 12 cm
and h = 8 cm
Slant height (l)
= +
2 2
2 1
( ) r r h
= +
2 2
(12 6) 8
= 36 64 + = 10 cm.
17. Let the required ratio be : 1.
We will use section formula:
x =
1 2 2 1
1 2
m x m x
m m
+
+
Here, x =
3
4
, x
1
=
1
2
, x
2
= 2, m
1
= , m
2
= 1
3
4
=
1
2 + 1
2
+1
8 + 2 = 3 + 3
5 = 1 =
1
5
: 1 =
1
5
: 1 = 1 : 5.
Thus, required ratio is 1 : 5.
18. Area of the triangle
=
1
2
{x
1
(y
2
y
3
) + x
2
(y
3
y
1
) + x
3
(y
1
y
2
)}
=
1
2
{9(7 + 4) + 4( 4 2) + 7(2 7)}
=
1
2
(99 24 35)
=
1
2
40 = 20 sq. units.
SECTION-C
19. Let the point on the y-axis be P(0, y) and
on the x-axis be Q(x, 0).
For point P:
PA= PB
PA
2
= PB
2
(0 6)
2
+ (y 5)
2
= (0 + 4)
2
+ (y 3)
2
36 + y
2
10y + 25 = 16 + y
2
6y + 9
4y = 36 y = 9.
For point Q:
QA= QB
QA
2
= QB
2
(x 6)
2
+ (0 5)
2
= (x + 4)
2
+ (0 3)
2
x
2
12x + 36

+ 25 = x
2
+ 8x + 16 + 9
20x = 36
x =
9
5
.
Required points are (0, 9) and
9
, 0
5

.
285
OR
Let in ABC;
D(1, 2), E(0, 1)
and F(2, 1) be
the mid-points
of sides BC, AC
and AB respec-
tively.
Let A(x
1
, y
1
), B(x
2
, y
2
), C(x
3
, y
3
) be vertices
of ABC.
Now, using mid-point formula
1 2
+
2
x x
= 2 x
1
+ x
2
= 4 ...(i)
+
2 3
2
x x
= 1 x
2
+ x
3
= 2 ...(ii)
+
3 1
2
x x
= 0 x
3
+ x
1
= 0 ...(iii)
Similarly,
y
1
+ y
2
= 2 ...(iv)
y
2
+ y
3
= 4 ...(v)
y
1
+ y
3
= 2 ...(vi)
Adding equations (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
x
1
+ x
2
+ x
3
= 3 ...(vii)
And from equations (iv), (v) and (vi), we get
y
1
+ y
2
+ y
3
= 0 ...(viii)
By solving equation (vii) with equations (i),
(ii) and (iii) respectively pairwise, we have
x
3
= 1, x
1
= 1, x
2
= 3
Similarly, we can find that
y
3
= 2, y
1
= 4, y
2
= 2
Thus, A = (1, 4), B = (3, 2), C = ( 1, 2)
Coordinates of the vertices are
(1, 4); (3, 2) and ( 1, 2).
20. Let ABCD be
the square in
which A(1, 2)
and C(3, 2) are
given vertices.
Let coordinates
of B are (x, y).
As AB = BC AB
2
= BC
2
(x + 1)
2
+ (y 2)
2
= (x 3)
2
+ (y 2)
2
(x + 1)
2
= (x 3)
2
x
2
+ 2x + 1 = x
2
+ 9 6x
8x = 8 x = 1
Also B = 90.
So, AB
2
+ BC
2
= AC
2
(x + 1)
2
+ (y 2)
2
+ (x 3)
2
+ (y 2)
2
= (4)
2
+ 0
2
Put x = 1,
4 + (y
2
+ 4 4y) + 4 + (y
2
+ 4 4y) = 16
2(y
2

+ 4 4y) = 8
y
2
+ 4 4y = 4
y
2
4y = 0 y(y 4) = 0
y = 0 or y = 4
Coordinates of B and D may be taken as
(1, 0) and (1, 4).
21. a = 5, l = 45, S
n
= 400
Now, S
n
=
2
n
{a + l} 400 =
2
n
{5 + 45}
50n = 800 n = 16
Now a
n
= 45
a + (n 1)
.
d = 45
5 + (16 1)
.
d = 45 15d = 40
d =
40 8
15 3
Hence, number of terms is 16 and common
difference is
8
3
.
OR
Consider:
3 2 5 3
+
+ + +
a b a b a b
a b a b a b
+ +
............
11 terms
=
3 2
+
+ + + +
5 3
.............
+ +
a a b b
a b a b a b a b
a b
a b a b
_ _

, ,
_
+ +

,
=
1 3 5 .........11terms
A.P.
a
a b
+ + +
_

+
,

b
a b +
1 2 3 ......... 11 terms
A.P.
+ + + +
_

,
=
a
a b +

11
.
2 1 (11 1) 2
2
_
+

,
b
a b +
( ) 11 1
11
2
+
, ,

286
=
( ) ( ) 121 66
a b
a b a b + +
=
121 66 a b
a b +
=
11(11 6 ) a b
a b +
.
22. Let AB be the tower of height 22 m and
CD be an observer of height 1.5 m.
In ACE, CE = DB = 20.5 m,
AE = AB BE (i.e., CD)
= 22 1.5 = 20.5 m
and ACE =
So, tan =
AE
CE
tan =
20.5
20.5
= 1
tan = tan 45 = 45.
23. Join AB.
As OA = r; OP = diameter = 2r
As AP is tangent,
OA AP
OAP = 90
In right-angled OAP,
sin (1) =
OA 1
= =
OP 2 2
r
r
1 = 30
Similarly, 2 = 30 APB = 60
As AP = PB PAB = PBA
Using Angle sum property in APB,
PAB = PBA = 60 = APB
APB is equilateral. Hence proved.
24. The ratio between sides is 3 : 2
Let ABC; AB = AC and AM BC;
AM= 4 cm
ABC is required triangle such that
A BC ~ ABC.
287
25. As AB = 28 cm;
BC = 21 cm;
B = 90
AC
2
= AB
2
+ BC
2
AC
2
= 28
2
+ 21
2
= 784 + 441
= 1225
AC = 1225 = 35 cm
Area of semicircle at AC as diameter
A
1
=
_

,
2
1 35
2 2
=
35 35 1 22

2 7 2 2
=
55 35
4
= 481.25 cm
2
Area of ABC
A
2
=
1
BC AB
2
=
1
21 28
2
= 294 cm
2
Area of quadrant PCB
A
3
=
2
1
(21)
4
=
1 22
21 21
4 7
= 346.50 cm
2
.
Required area
= Area of ABC + Area of
semicircle Area of quadrant
= A
2
+ A
1
A
3
= 294 + 481.25 346.50
= 428.75 cm
2
.
26. The given equation is
3x
2
+ 5 5 x 10 = 0
The discriminant = b
2
4ac
= (5 5 )
2
4 3 ( 10)
= 125 + 120 = 245 > 0
So, the given equation has two distinct
real roots.
Now, 3x
2
+ 5 5 x 10 = 0
3x
2
+ 6 5 x 5 x 10 = 0
3x(x + 2 5 ) 5 (x + 2 5 ) = 0
(x + 2 5 ) (3x 5 ) = 0
Therefore, x + 2 5 = 0 or 3x 5 = 0
x = 2 5 or 3x = 5 x =
5
3
The two real roots are 2 5 and
5
3
.
27. The total surface area of the cube = 6 (edge)
2
= 6 5 5 cm
2
= 150 cm
2
.
Note that the part of the cube where the
hemisphere is attached is not included in the
surface area.
So, the surface area of the block
= T.S.A. of cube base area of hemisphere
+ C.S.A. of hemisphere
= 150 r
2
+ 2r
2
= (150 + r
2
) cm
2
=
_
+

,
2 2
22 4.2 4.2
150 cm cm
7 2 2
= (150 + 13.86) cm
2
= 163.86 cm
2
.
OR
AOB ~ AOB
AO'
AO
=
O'B'
OB
6
12
=
8
r
r = 4 cm
Volume of the whole cone (V )
=
1
3
8
2
12
= 256 cm
3
Volume of the upper part (small cone)
V
1
=
1
3
r
2
6
=
1
3
4
2
6
= 32 cm
3
288
Now,
volume of upper part
volume of lower part
=
1
1
V
V V
=
32
256 32

=
1
7
.
28. Total number of coins = 100 + 50 + 20 + 10
= 180
(i) Total number of 50 paise coins = 100
Probability of getting a 50 paise coin
=
100 5
=
180 9
.
(ii) Total number of 5 rupee coins = 10
Total number of coins other than 5 rupee
= 180 10 = 170
Probability of getting a coin other than
of 5 rupee =
170
180
=
17
18
.
SECTION-D
29. First instalment = ` 1000
Second instalment = ` 1100
Third instalment = ` 1200
.........................................................
.........................................................
.........................................................
30th instalment = ? (to be calculated)
Here, 1000, 1100, 1200,........ forms an AP
with a = 1000
d = 100
n = 30
Using a
n
= a + (n 1)d,
a
30
= a + 29d
= 1000 + 29 100
= 1000 + 2900
= 3900
30th instalment will be of ` 3900
Now, using S
n
=
2
n
(a + a
n
)
Also S
30
=
30
2
(1000 + 3900) = 15 (4900)
= ` 73500
Total amount left to be paid is
118000 73500 = ` 44500.
30. Let units digit = x
and tens digit = y
Then, original number = 10y + x
Now, xy = 15 ... (i) (Given)
(10y + x) + 18 = 10x + y
9x + 9y = 18
y x = 2
y = x 2
Using it in equation (i), we get
x(x 2) = 15
x
2
2x 15 = 0
x
2
5x + 3x 15 = 0
x(x 5) + 3(x 5) = 0
(x + 3)(x 5) = 0
x = 3 or x = 5
As negative digits are not acceptable here,
x = 5
Units digit = 5
And tens digit = 3
Hence, number is 35.
31. Let C(O, r) be a circle
with centre at O and
radius r. The circle
touches the sides AB,
BC, CD and DA of a
quadrilateral ABCD
at the points P, Q, R
and S respectively.
To show:
AOB + COD= 180
AOD + BOC = 180
Construction: Join OP, OQ, OR and OS.
Proof: Since two tangents drawn from an
external point to a circle subtend equal
angles at the centre
1 = 2; 3 = 4;
5 = 6; 7 = 8
Now1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6
+ 7 + 8 = 360
2 (2 + 3 + 6 + 7) = 360
and 2 (1 + 8 + 4 + 5) = 360
(2 + 3) + (6 + 7) = 180
289
and (1 + 8) + (4 + 5) = 180
AOB + COD = 180
and AOD + BOC = 180
Hence proved.
OR
We are given a circle
with centre O, an
external point T and
two tangents TP and
TQ to the circle,
where P, Q are the points of contact (see
figure) . We need to prove that
PTQ= 2OPQ
Let PTQ=
As we know that tangent segments
drawn from an external point to the circle
are equal. So, TP = TQ
TPQ is an isosceles triangle.
Therefore, TPQ= TQP =
1
2
(180 )
= 90
1
2
Also, OP PT,
i.e., OPT = 90
So, OPQ= OPT TPQ
= 90
1
90
2
_

,
=
1
2
=
1
2
PTQ
This gives PTQ= 2 OPQ
Hence proved.
32. Speed of water = 3 km/h
Let r
1
= radius of pipe (cylindrical)
=
20
2
= 10 cm = 0.1 m.
And r
2
= radius of tank =
10
2
= 5 m
Also, H= height of tank = 2 m.
Volume of cylindrical tank V
1
= r
2
2
H
V
1
=
2 3
22 1100
(5) 2 = m
7 7
Now let time required to fill the tank = t hours
Volume of water delivered by pipe in
t hours
V
2
= t (0.1)
2
(3000)
=
22
30
7
t
V
2
=
660
7
t
Consider: V
1
= V
2
1100
7
=
660
7
t
t =
1100 5
h
660 3
=
5
60
3
min= 100

min
or 1 h 40 min.
33. 2r
1
= 18 r
1
= 9
2r
2
= 6 r
2
= 3
(r
1
+ r
2
) = r
1
+ r
2
= 9 + 3 = 12
Curved surface area
= (r
1
+ r
2
) l = 12 4 = 48 cm
2
.
34. Let AB = DE = h = Height of each pole
C = Position of point on street
BE = 30 m
ACB = 45, DCE = 30
In ABC, tan 45 =
AB
BC
290
1 =
BC
h
BC = h ... (i)
In CED, tan 30 =
DE
EC
1
3
=
EC
h
EC = 3 h ... (ii)
On adding (i) and (ii),
BC + CE = + 3 h h
30 =
( )
+ 1 3 h
(
.
.
.
BC + CE = BE = 30 m)
h =
+
1 3 30
1 3 1 3
h =
( )
30 3 1
30 0.73
=
2 2
= 15 0.73
h = 10.95 m
BC = 10.95 m
and EC = 30 10.95 = 19.05 m.
OR
Let C=Position of cloud
AB=60 m, CAD = 30
F=Position of reflection of cloud in the
lake
DAF=60
Let CE=h = Height of cloud above the lake
CE=EF = h
Now in right-angled CDA,
tan 30 =
CD
AD
1
3
=
60
AD
h
AD =
( 60) 3 h
... (i)
Now in right-angled FDA,
tan 60 =
+ 60
AD
h
3 =
+ 60
AD
h
AD =
+ 60
3
h
... (ii)
Equations (i) and (ii) give
( 60) 3 h =
+ 60
3
h
3h 180 = h + 60
3h h = 60 + 180
2h = 240
h = 120 m.
Practice Paper3
SECTION-A
1. (C) 64x
2
1 = 0 (8x)
2
= 1
8x = 1 x =
1
8
Out of which positive real root is x =
1
8
.
2. (A) Given A.P. becomes: 5, 8, 11, ....., 113.
a
n
= a + (n 1) d
113 = 5 + (n 1)3
n 1 =
113 5
3
= 36 n = 37.
291
3. (A) In OAD,
OA = 5 cm, OD = 3 cm
ODA= 90
AD =
2 2
OA OD
=
2 2
5 3
= 4 cm
AB = 2AD = 2 4 cm = 8 cm.
4. (C) R
2
+ 8
2
= 10
2
R
2
= 100 64
= 36
R = 6 cm.
5. (D) PBA + PAB + APB = 180 (ASP)
PBA + PBA + 52 = 180
(PA = PB)
PBA =
180 52
2

= 64.
6. (B) ar(APQB) = ar(sector AOB)
ar(sector POQ)
= (21)
2

60
360
(14)
2

60
360
=
60
360
[21
2
14
2
]
=
22 1
35 7
7 6
=
385
3
cm
2
.
7. (D) A non-leap year having 365 days
has 52 weeks and one day out of 7 days.
That one day could be Sunday, Monday,
Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday or
Saturday.
Total probabilities = 7.
Favourable outcomes = 1

Required probability
(i.e., having 53 sundays) =
1
7
.
8. (C) Let radius = 4x; slant height = 7x
Consider, 4x 7x = 792
x
2
= 9
x = 3
Radius = 4x = 12 cm.
9. (C) From figure,
AB = AP + BP
= AQ + BS
= AQ + (BC CS)
= AQ + (BC CR)
= 5 cm + (7 cm 3 cm)
= 9 cm. x = 9 cm.
10. (D) Let height of pole be x m
In ABC,
sin 30 =
AB
AC
1
2

AB
AC
1
2
=
20
x
x = 10 m.
SECTION-B
11.
Using distance formula,
2 2
(10 2) ( 3) y + + = 10
64 + (y + 3)
2
= 100
(y + 3)
2
= 100 64 = 36
y + 3 = 6 y = 3 or 9.
12. Let number of blue balls = x
Total balls = x + 6
P(drawing a blue ball) =
6
x
x +
and P(drawing a red ball) =
6
6 x +
According to questions,
6
x
x +
=
6
3
6 x
_

+
,
x = 18.
OR
No, the sample space has 8 outcomes. Out
of them only one outcome say, TTT,
represents no heads, so the probability of
no heads is
1
8
.
292
13. For real roots D 0 k
2

4 0
(k 2)(k + 2) 0
k 2 or k 2.
Required value of k is 2.
14. No.
Each side of the outer square
= diameter of the circle
= d
So, area of square = d
2
Each diagonal of the
inner square = d
i.e., 2 side = d
Side =
2
d
Area =
2
2
d
.
Hence area of inner square
=
1
2
area of outer square.
15. a
n
= 2n + 1 a
1
= 3
S
n
=
2
n
(a
1
+ a
n
)
2
n
(3 + 2n + 1)
= n(n + 2).
16. Let third vertex be C(x, y).
We have A(2, 3), B( 2, 1) and G(1,
2
3
)
Using Centroid formula,
1 =
2 2 +
3
x
;
2
3
=
3 +1+
3
y
x = 3, y = 2
Vertex C is (3, 2).
17. As XP = XQ ... (i)
AP = AR ... (ii)
BQ = BR ... (iii)
From equation (i),
XA + AP = XB + BQ
{
.
.
.
XP = XA + AP; XQ = XB + BQ}
XA + AR = XB + BR [Using (ii ) and (iii)]
Hence proved.
18. As A =
1
2
lr
20 =
1
2
5 r
r = 8 cm.
SECTION-C
19. The possible outcomes of the experiment
are listed in the given table the first number
in each ordered pair is the number
appearing on the blue die and the second
number is that on the grey die.
So, the number of possible outcomes
= 6 6 = 36.
(i) The outcomes favourable to the event
the sum of the two numbers is 8
denoted by E, are: (2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 4),
(5, 3), (6, 2) (see figure).
i.e., the number of outcomes
favourable to E = 5.
Hence, P(E) =
5
36
(ii) As you can see from figure, there is
no outcome favourable to the event
F, the sum of two numbers is 13.
So, P(F) =
0
36
= 0
(iii) As you can see from figure, all the
outcomes are favourable to the event
G, sum of two numbers 12.
So, P(G) =
36
36
= 1.
293
20. Comparing given equation with
ax
2
+ bx + c = 0, we get
a = p
2
, b = p
2
q
2
, c = q
2
D = b
2
4ac
D = (p
2
q
2
)
2
4(p
2
)( q
2
)
= p
4
+ q
4
+ 2p
2
q
2
= (p
2
+ q
2
)
2
> 0
Given equation has two real roots given by:
x =
D
2
b
a
=
2 2 2 2
2
( ) ( + )
2
p q p q
p
x =
2
2
q
p
or 1.
OR
2
3 2 5 2 x x
= 0
We need to divide 5x into two parts such
that sum of them is 5x and product of
them is
2
3 2 ( 2) x
= 6x
2
. Such parts
are 6x and x.
2
3 2 6 2 x x x + = 0
or
3 2 ( 2) 1 ( 2) x x x +
= 0
or ( 2)(3 2 1) x x + = 0
i.e., x
2
= 0 or
3 2x
+ 1 = 0
i.e., x =
2
or x =
1
3 2
=
2
6
Hence, the required roots are 2 and
2
6
.
21. As a
3
+ a
7
= 6 and a
3
.
a
7
= 8
(a + 2d) + (a + 6d) = 6 ... (i)
and (a + 2d)(a + 6d) = 8 ... (ii)
From (i), 2a + 8d = 6
a + 4d = 3 a = 3 4d
Using it in (ii), we get
(3 4d + 2d)(3 4d + 6d) = 8
(3 2d)(3 + 2d) = 8
9 4d
2
= 8 4d
2
= 1
d
2
=
1
4
d =
1
2
Case I. If d =
1
2
, then a = 3 4
1
2
_

,
= 1.
S
16
=
16
2
{2 1 + (16 1)
1
2
}
= 8

15
2
2
+ =
8 19
2
= 76.
Case II. If d =
1
2
, then a = 3 4
1
2
_

,
= 5
S
16
=
16
2
1
25 + (16 1)
2
_
, ,
,
= 8

15
10
2
=
8 5
2
= 20.
22. From figure, ar(ABD)
= [ ]
1
5( 5 5) 4(5 7) + 4(7 + 5)
2
=
1
[50 +8 + 48]
2
=
106
2
= 53 sq. units.
Also, ar (BCD)
=
1
[ 4(6 5) 1(5 + 5) + 4( 5 + 6)]
2
=
1
2
[44 10 + 4] =
38
2
= 19 sq. units.
So area of quadrilateral ABCD
= ar (ABD) + ar (BCD)
= 53 + 19 = 72 sq. units.
23. Let ABCD is a parallelogram.
AB = DC and AD = BC
Consider
AD = AS + DS
= AP + DR
{ AS = AP, DS = DR}
= (AB PB) + (DC RC)
= (AB BQ) + (AB CQ)
{ DC = AB and PB = BQ and RC = CQ}
= 2 AB (BQ + CQ)
= 2 AB BC
AD = 2 AB AD { BC = AD}
2 AD = 2 AB AD = AB
ABCD is a rhombus. Hence proved.
294
24.
ABC is required triangle.
OR
AP = AQ and BR = BS are required tangents.
295
25. Let PQ be the tower of height h m.
In right APQ,
tan =
4
h
... (i)
In right BPQ,
tan (90 ) =
9
h
cot =
9
h
... (ii)
Multiplying corresponding sides of
equations (i) and (ii), we get
tan cot =
4 9
h h
1 =
2
36
h
h
2
= 36
h = 6 m.
26. It is given that the point A divides the join
of P(5, 1) and Q(3, 5) in the ratio k : 1. So
the coordinate of A are:
3 5 5 1
,
1 1
k k
k k
+
_

,
+ +
Area of ABC
=
1
2
x
1
(y
2
y
3
) + x
2
(y
3
y
1
) + x
3
(x
1
y
2
)
=
+ _
+ +
, ,
+ + ,
1 3 5 5 1
(5 2) 2
2 1 1
k k
k k
+ 7
+
_

+ ,
5 1
5
1
k
k
=
28 1 21 35 7 3
2 1 1 1
k k
k k k
+
+
+ + +
=
1 14 66
2 1
k
k
+
=
7 33
1
k
k
7 33
1
k
k
+
= 2 [
.
.
.
ar(ABC = 2]
+
7 33
1
k
k
= 2
7 33
2
1
k
k
+
or
7 33
2
1
k
k

+
7k 33 = 2k + 2 or 7k 33 = 2k 2
5k = 35 or 9k = 31
k = 7 or
31
9
k .
Therefore, required values of k = 7,
31
9
.
27. Total area= Area of sector OAB + Area of
sector ODC + Area of OAD
+ Area of OBC.
=
90 22 90 22
28 56 +
360 7 360 7
28 56
+
1
4
56 56 +
1
4
56 56 m
2
= 22 56 + 22 56 + 14 56 + 14 56
= 56(22 + 22 + 14 + 14) m
2
= 56 72 m
2
= 4032 m
2
.
OR
We can divide the given figure into two
parts, one part as a rectangle with length
a = 8 m, breadth b = 4 m and the other one
as a semicircle with radius r = 2 m.
Now, required area
= ar(rectangle) + ar(semicircle)
= a b +
1
2
r
2
= 8 4 +
1
2
22
7
2
2
= 32 + 6.29 = 38.29 m
2
.
28. Let BPC be the hemisphere and ABC
be the cone standing on the base of the
hemisphere (see figure). The radius BO of
the hemisphere (as well as of the cone)
296
=
1
2
4 cm = 2 cm.
So, volume of the toy =
3 2
2 1
3 3
r r h +
=
3 2
2 1
3.14 (2) 3.14 (2) 2
3 3
1
+
1
]
= 2
3

2 1
3.14 3.14
3 3
_
+

,
= 8 3.14
= 25.12 cm
3
.
Now, let the right circular cylinder EFGH
circumscribe the given solid. The radius of
the base of the right circular cylinder = HP
= BO = 2 cm, and its height is
EH = AO + OP = (2 + 2) cm = 4 cm
So, the volume required
= Volume of the right circular cylinder
Volume of the toy
= (3.14 2
2
4 25.12) cm
3
= 25.12 cm
3
Hence, the required difference of the two
volumes = 25.12 cm
3
.
SECTION-D
29. Let PQ be the leaning tower.
Let PM = x and QM = y,
In right PMQ,
cot =
x
y
x = y cot .... (i)
Similarly, right triangles AMQ and BMQ
respectively provides.
a + x = y cot ... (ii)
and b + x = y cot ... (iii)
Eliminating x from equation (i) and (ii), we
get
a = y (cot cot ) ... (iv)
Again eliminating x from equations (i) and
(iii), we get
b = y (cot cot ) ... (v)
Eliminating y from equations (iv) and (v),
we get
a
b
=
cot cot
cot cot

b cot b cot = a cot a cot
a cot b cot = a cot b cot
cot (b a) = b cot a cot
b a =
cot cot
cot
b a
Hence proved.
OR
Let AB = height of building = 30 m
CD = height of boy = 1.5 m
AG = AB GB
= AB CD { GB = CD}
= 30 1.5 = 28.5 m
Let the distance travelled by the boy towards
the building be x m.
In AEG,
tan 60 =
AG
GE
3
=
AG
GE
GE =
AG 28.5
=
3 3
... (i)
297
Again in AGC,
tan 30 =
AG
GC
=
AG
GE + x
1
3
=
28.5
GE + x
GE + x = 28.5 3
From equation (i),
28.5
+
3
x = 28.5 3
28.5 + 3 x = 28.5 3
3 x = 85.5 28.5
x =
57 3
3 3
=
57
3
3
= 19 3 m.
30. Let side of 1st square = x m
and side of 2nd square = y m
(Assuming y > x)
Area of 1st square = x
2
And area of 2nd square = y
2
x
2
+ y
2
= 468 ... (i)
Also, perimeter of 1st square = 4x
And perimeter of 2nd square = 4y
Again according to question,
4y 4x = 24
y x = 6
y = 6 + x ... (ii)
Using (ii) in (i),
x
2
+ (6 + x)
2
= 468
x
2
+ 36 + x
2
+ 12x = 468
2x
2
+ 12x 432 = 0
x
2
+ 6x 216 = 0
x
2
+ 18x 12x 216 = 0
x(x + 18) 12(x + 18) = 0
(x + 18) (x 12) = 0
x = 18 or x = 12
As side cant be negative, so take
x = 12 m
y = x + 6 = 18 m.
OR
During 2 pm to 3 pm the minutes hand
complete one round, i.e., 60 minutes.
At t minutes past 2 pm, the minutes hand
needed
2
3
4
t
_

,
minutes to show 3 pm.
i.e.,
2
3
4
t
_

,
+ t = 60
2
12
4
t
+ t = 60
t
2
12 + 4t = 240
t
2
+ 4t 252 = 0
t
2
+ 18t 14t 252 = 0
t(t + 18) 14(t + 18) = 0
(t 14) (t + 18) = 0
t 14 = 0 or t + 18 = 0
t = 14 or t = 18
(Rejected because time cannot be negative)
t = 14.
31. 1st Part
Let AP and AQ are tangents drawn from an
external point A to the circle with centre O.
Join OP, OQ and OA.
Now in OPA and OQA,
OP = OQ = r (Radius of circle)
OA = OA (Common)
298
OPA = OQA = 90
OPA OQA (RHS)
AP = AQ (CPCT)
Hence proved.
2nd Part
Using above theorem in figure,
AD = AF ... (i)
BD = BE ... (ii)
CE = CF ... (iii)
As given, AB = AC
AB AD = AC AD
AB AD = AC AF
[Use equation (i)]
BD = CF
BE = CE
[Use equations (ii) and (iii)]
Hence proved.
32. Volume of frustum
=
1
3
h (r
1
2
+ r
2
2
+ r
1
r
2
)
=
1
3
22
7
45 (28
2
+ 7
2
+ 28 7)
=
22 15
7
7 (28 4 + 7 + 28)
= 330 147 = 48510 cm
3
Curved surface area
= (r
1
+ r
2
)l, i.e., (r
1
+ r
2
)
2 2
1 2
( ) h r r +
=
22
7
(28 + 7)
2 2
45 (28 7) +
= 110 2025 441 + = 110 49.65 cm
2
= 5461.5 cm
2
.
Now, the total surface area of the frustum
= Curved surface area + r
1
2
+ r
2
2
= 5461.5 cm
2
+
22
7
(28)
2
cm
2
+
22
7
(7)
2
cm
2
= 5461.5 cm
2
+ 2464 cm
2
+ 154 cm
2
= 8079.5 cm
2
.
33. Let an A.P. is a, a + d, a + 2d, ....
Here, n = 37 which is odd.
So three middle most terms are:
th th th
1 1 1
1 , , 1
2 2 2
n n n + + +
_ _ _
+

, , ,
i.e.,
th th th
37 1 37 1 37 1
1 , , 1
2 2 2
+ + +
_ _ _
+

, , ,
i.e., a
18
, a
19
, a
20
As sum of three middle most term = 225
a
18
+ a
19
+ a
20
= 225
(a +17d) +(a +18d) +(a +19d) = 225
(d is common difference)
3a + 54d = 225
i.e., a + 18d = 75 ...(i)
Again, sum of last three term= 429
a
35
+ a
36
+ a
37
= 429
(
.
.
.
n = 37)
(a + 34d) + (a + 35d)(a + 36d) = 429
3a + 105d = 429
i.e., a + 35d = 143 ...(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get a = 3, d = 4
Therefore, A.P. is 3, 7, 11, 15, ........
34.
9
8
m
Hint: Volume of earth dug out =
2
3
2
_

,
14
Volume of embankment = [(5.5)
2
(1.5)
2
] h
9
4
14 = 7 4 h
h =
9
4
14
7 4
=
9
8
m.
Practice Paper 4
SECTION-A
1. (D) b
2
4ac = 0
c =
2
4
b
a
.
2. (C) a
n
= a + (n 1)d
10
3
= 1 + (n 1)
1
6
299
1
6
n
=
10
3
+ 1 n 1 = 6
13
3
n = 27.
3. (A) In OPR,
POR = 55, ORP = 90
OPR = 180 (55 + 90) = 35
QPR = 2OPR = 2 35 = 70.
4. (B)
x =
2 2
25 7 = ( )( ) + 25 7 257
=
576
= 24 cm.
5. (A) ar(segment APB)
= ar(sector APBO) ar(AOB)
=
60
360
r
2

3
4
r
2
=
3
6 4
_

,
r
2
sq. units.
6. (C).
7. (A)Volume of n balls= Volume of the cone
n
4
3
3
3
=
1
3
12
2
24
n 36 = 144 8
n = 32.
8. (C) Number of cards which are neither
red nor queen = 52 26 4 + 2 = 24
P(a drawn card is neither red nor
queen) =
24 6
52 13
.
9. (C) tan 30 =
15
h
h =
15 3
3 3
h =
15 1.732
3
h = 8.66 m.
10. (B) OQ PR and AB PR.
So, QO perpendicular bisector of AB
AQB is an isosceles triangle.
QO is also angle bisector of AQB.
AQB = 2BQO
= 2 (90 70) = 40.
SECTION-B
11. From figure,
OSQ = OQS (As OS = OQ)
= OQL SQL
= 90 50 = 40.

and OSR = ORS (As OS = OR)
= ORM SRM
= 90 60 = 30
Now, QSR = OSQ + OSR
= 40 + 30 = 70.
OR
False.
Let a number of
circles with centres
O
1
, O
2
, O
3
....... touch
the line PQ at A. Join
A to O
1
, O
2
, O
3
, ...... .
Therefore, O
1
A PQ,
O
2
A PQ, O
3
A PQ, ..... at same point A.
So; all the centres O
1
, O
2
, O
3
, ...... lie on a
line perpendicular to PQ but the line does
not bisect PQ.
12.
Let coordinates of B are (x, y)
300
Using section formula:
+ +
_

,
3 8 3 20
,
7 7
x y
= (1, 2)
+ 3 8
7
x
= 1 and
+ 3 20
7
y
= 2
3x = 15 and 3y = 6
x = 5 and y = 2
B( 5, 2) is required point.
13. For equal roots,
D= 0
b
2
4ac = 0
4(1 + 3k)
2
28(3 + 2k) = 0
1 + 9k
2
+ 6k 21 14k = 0
9k
2
8k 20 = 0
9k
2
18k + 10k 20 = 0
9k(k 2) + 10(k 2) = 0
(k 2) (9k + 10) = 0
k 2 = 0 or 9k + 10 = 0
k = 2 or
10
9
.
14. n
th
term, i.e., a
n
= S
n
S
n 1
= n
2
+ 8n {(n 1)
2
+ 8(n 1)}
= n
2
+ 8n (n
2
2n + 1 + 8n 8)
= 2n + 7
a
15
= 2 15 + 7 = 30 + 7 = 37.
15. True, because the coordinates of the mid-
points of both the diagonals coincide, that
is, the diagonals bisect each other at
1 5
,
2 2
_

,
.
16. =
15. 7
20
radian
=
l
r
_
=
15.7 180 15.7 180
= 45
20 20 3.14

180
1 radian =
Required area OAPB

= Area of the circle Area of minor
sector OAQB
= 20
2
20
2

45
360
= 400 50 = 350 3.14
= 1099 cm
2
.
17. As 2R = 48 and 2r = 36
R =
24
and r =
18
V=
1
3
h(R
2
+ r
2
+ Rr)
=
1
3
11
2 2
2 2 2
24 18 24 18
_
+ +

,
=
11
3

2
1332
= 11 444
7
22
= 1554 cm
3
.
18. Total number of cards
n(S) = 50 2 = 48
Let E be the event that the card is not
primes. Prime numbers are: 3, 5, 7, 11, 13,
17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47.
n(E) = 48 14 = 34
P(E) =
( )
( )
E 34 17
S 48 24
n
n
.
SECTION-C
19. (i) Total outcomes = 36
E = 6 will not come up either time
E = (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5)
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5)
301
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5)
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5)
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5)
n(E) = 25
25
36
.
(ii) P(6 will come up at least one)
P(E) = 1 P(E)
= 1
25
36
=
11
36
.
20. Multiplying the equation throughout by
5, we get
25x
2
30x 10 = 0
This is the same as
(5x)
2
2 (5x) 3 + 3
2
3
2
10= 0
i.e. (5x 3)
2
9 10 = 0
i.e. (5x 3)
2
19 = 0
i.e. (5x 3)
2
= 19
i.e. 5x 3 =
19
i.e. 5x = 3
19
i.e. x =
3 19
5
Therefore, the roots are
+ 3 19
5
and
3 19
5
.
21. Let first term = a
Common difference = d
Now, a
k
= a + (k 1)
.
d ...(i)
Let S
1
= Sum of odd terms
S
1
= a
1
+ a
3
+ a
5
+ ........+ a
2n + 1
S
1
=
+ 1
2
n
{a
1
+ a
2n + 1
}
=
+ 1
2
n
{a + a + (2n + 1 1)d}
[ Using (i)]
=
1
2 2
2
n
a nd
+
+
S
1
= (n + 1) (a + nd)
also S
2
= Sum of even terms
= a
2
+ a
4
+ ........ + a
2n
=
2
n
{a
2
+ a
2n
}
=
2
n
{a + d + a + (2n 1).d}
[ Using (i)]
=
2
n
{2a + 2nd}
= n(a + nd)
S
1
: S
2
= (n + 1) (a + nd) : n(a + nd)
= n + 1 : n
Hence proved.
OR
Let the angles be a d, a and a + d.
Now,
a d + a + a + d = 180
(Angles sum property of a triangle)
3a = 180
or a = 60 ...(i)
Also, a d =
1
2
(a + d)
(Given condition)
2a 2d = a + d
or a = 3d
Using (i), we get
3d = 60
d = 20
a d = 60 20 = 40
and a + d = 60 + 20 = 80
Hence, the required angles are 40, 60
and 80.
22. 24 sq. units.
Hint: PQ =
26
; QR =
26
;
RS = 26 ; SP = 26
PQRS is a rhombus.
As PR = 4 2 ; QS = 6 2 .
PR QS
diagonals are unequal.
PQRS is not a square.
302
Area of PQRS =
1
2
(Product of diagonals)
= 24 sq. units.
23. We are given a circle
with centre O, an
external point T and
two tangents TP and
TQ to the circle,
where P, Q are the points of contact (see
figure). We need to prove that
PTQ= 2OPQ
Let PTQ=
As we know that tangent segments
drawn from an external point to the circle
are equal. So, TP = TQ
TPQ is an isosceles triangle.
Therefore, TPQ= TQP =
1
2
(180 )
= 90
1
2
Also, OP PT,
i.e., OPT = 90
So, OPQ= OPT TPQ
= 90
1
90
2
_

,
=
1
2
=
1
2
PTQ
This gives PTQ= 2 OPQ
Hence proved.
OR
We are given a chord AB of a circle and two
tangents CP and CQ drawn at the points A
and B respectively, which intersect at C.
We need to prove that
CAB = CBA and PAB = QBA
We know that pair of tangents drawn from
an external point to a circle are equal in
length.
CA= CB
In CAB, CAB = CBA ...(i)
( CA = CB)
Now, CAB + PAB = 180 (Linear pair)
PAB = 180 CAB ...(ii)
Similarly, QBA= 180 CBA
QBA= 180 CAB ...(iii)
[Using (i)]
From (i), (ii) and (iii), we have
CAB = CBA and PAB = QBA
Hence proved.
24. Let A be the point on the bridge. From A,
the angles of depression of the banks C
and D are 30 and 45 respectively.
Also let AB be the height of bridge which
is 30 m.
Let us find the width CD of the river.
In ABC,
tan 30 =
AB
BC
1
3
=
30
BC
BC = 30 3 m ... (i)
Again in ABD,
tan 45 =
AB
BD
1 =
30
BD
BD = 30 m ... (ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
BC + BD = 30 3 + 30
CD = 30( 3 + 1)
= 30(1.732 + 1)
= 30 2.732
= 81.96 m.
303
25.
As PT = PT and QS = QS are required tangents.
26. Let us mark the four
unshaded regions as I,
II, III and IV (see figure)
Area of I + Area of III
= Area of ABCD Area of two
semicircles of each of radius 5 cm
=
2
1
10 10 2 5
2
_

,
cm
2
= (100 3.14 25) cm
2
= 21.5 cm
2
Similarly, Area of II + Area of IV = 21.5 cm
2
So, area of the shaded design
= Area of ABCD Area of (I + II + III + IV)
= (100 2 21.5) cm
2
= (100 43) cm
2
= 57 cm
2
.
27. Let coordinate of P be (x, y)
Given: Points A and B are (3, 4) and (5, 2).
Also, PA= PB
PA
2
= PB
2
(x 3)
2
+ (y 4)
2
= (x 5)
2
+ (y + 2)
2
x
2
6x+9 + y
2
8y+16 = x
2
10x + 25
+ y
2
+ 4y + 4
x 3y 1 = 0 ...(i)
Now, area of PAB = 10

1
2
x
1
(y
2
y
3
) + x
2
(y
3
y
1
) + x
3
(y
1
y
2
)
10
( ) ( ) ( ) + + +
1
4 2 3 2 5 4
2
x y y
= 10
6x 6 3y + 5y 20 = 20
6x + 2y 26 = 20
6x + 2y 46 = 0 or 6x + 2y 6 = 0
3x + y 23 = 0 ...(ii)
or 3x + y 3 = 0 ...(iii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get x = 7, y = 2
Solving (i) and (iii), we get x = 1, y = 0
Required point is (7, 2) or (1, 0).
28. Radius of the hemispherical tank
=
3
2
m
Volume of the tank =
3
2 22 3

3 7 2
_

,
m
3
=
99
14
m
3
304
Also, t
n
= t
1
+ (n 1)d
c = a + (n 1) (b a)
c a = (n 1) (b a)
c a
b a
= n 1
n =
c a
b a
+ 1 =
c a +b a
b a
n =
+c 2
b a
b a
.
As we know S
n
=
2
n
(a + l) where a is first
term and l is last term.
i.e., S
n
=
( 2 )
2
b c c
b a
+
. (a + c)
S
n
=
( )( 2 )
2( )
a c b c a
b a
+ +
Hence proved.
30. Let the speed of the stream be x km/h.
Therefore, the speed of the boat
upstream = (18 x) km/h and the speed
of the boat downstream = (18 + x) km/h.
The time taken to go upstream
= =
distance 24
speed 18 x
hours.
Similarly, the time taken to return downstream
=
24
18+x
hours.
24 24
18 18+ x x
= 1
i.e., 24(18 + x) 24(18 x) = (18 x) (18 + x)
i.e., x
2
+ 48x 324 = 0
Using the quadratic formula, we get
x =
+
=
2
48 48 1296 48 3600
2 2
=
48 60
2
= 6 or 54
So, the volume of the water to be emptied
=
1 99
2 14
m
3
=
99
28
1000 litres =
99000
28
litres
Since,
25
7
litres of water is emptied in 1
second.
So,
99000
28
litres of water will be emptied
in
99000
28
7
25
seconds, i.e., in 16.5 minutes.
OR
Volume of the wall= 24 m 0.4 m 6 m
= 2400 cm 40 cm 600 cm
= 2400 40 600 cm
3
Volume of the mortar
=
1
10
Volume of the wall
= 240 40 600 cm
3
Let the number of bricks used in the
construction be N.
Now, Volume of the wall = Volume of the
mortar + Volume of N bricks
2400 40 600
= 240 40 600 + N 25 16 10
N =

240 40 600 (10 1)
25 16 10
= 1440 9
N = 12960
Hence, 12960 bricks are used.
SECTION-D
29. Given: In an A.P., t
1
= a, t
2
= b and t
n
= c.
We have to show that S
n
=
( + )( + 2 )
2( )
a c b c a
b a
Common difference d = t
2
t
1
= b a.
305
Since x is the speed of the stream, it
cannot be negative. So, we ignore the root
x = 54. Therefore, x = 6 which gives the
speed of the stream as 6 km/h.
OR
Hint:
x
2
+ (x + 2)
2
= 290
2x
2
+ 4x 286 = 0
x
2
+ 2x 143 = 0
(x + 13) (x 11) = 0
x = 11
Numbers are 11, 13.
31. Proof: We are given a circle with centre
O, a point P lying outside the circle and
two tangents PQ and PR on the circle
from P(see figure). We are required to
prove that PQ = PR.
For this, we join OP, OQ and OR. Then
OQP and ORP are right angles,
because these angles are between the radii
and tangents. Now in right triangles OQP
and ORP,
OQ= OR
(Radii of the same circle)
OP = OP (Common)
Therefore, OQP ORP (RHS)
This gives PQ = PR (CPCT)
Consider: AB + CD
= (AS + BS) + (DQ + CQ)
= (AP + BR) + (DP + CR)
(Using above theorem)
= (AP + DP) + (BR + CR)
AB + CD = AD + BC. Hence proved.
32. Let r
1
= radius of top of frustum
= radius of base of cone = 3 m
r
2
= radius of base of frustum = 10 m
FG= h = height of frustum = 24 m
AF = H = height of cone = 28 24 = 4 m
L = slant height of cone
= + +
2 2 2 2
1
H 3 4 5 m r
l = slant height of frustum
= +
2 2
2 1
( ) r r h
= + +
2 2
7 24 49 576 =25 m
Quantity of canvas required
= C.S.A. of cone + C.S.A. of frustum
= r
1
L + (r
1
+ r
2
) l
= (3 5 + 13 25)
=
22 22
(15 325) = 340
7 7
+
= 1068.57 m
2
(approx.)
33. Let AB = 40 m = Height of tower
CD= h = Height of lighthouse
CAE = 30; CBD = 60
In CBD, tan 60 =
CD
DB
3
=
CE+ DE
DB
306
3
=
CE + 40
DB
(
AB = DE = 40 m)
3
= +
CE 40
DB DB
...(i)
Also in AEC,
tan 30 =
CE
AE
1
3
=
CE
DB
...(ii) (
AE = DB)
Using (ii) in (i), we have
3
= +
1 40
DB 3
40
DB
=
1 2
3
3 3
DB = 20 3 m
From equation

(ii),
1
3
=
CE
20 3
CE = 20 m
h = CE + DE
= 20 + 40
h = 60 m.
Also distance of foot of tower from top of
lighthouse = CB.
sin 60 =
CD
CB
3
2
=
60
CB
CB =
120 3
3 3
CB = 40 3 m.
OR
In figure, O is the centre of the balloon.
OP = R, PAQ = , OAB = .
Let the height of the centre of the balloon
be h. Thus OB = h
In right-angled triangle AOP,
sin OAP =
OP
AO
sin
2
=
R
AO
AO= R cosec
2
...(i)
Also, in right-angled triangle AOB,
sin =
OB
AO
sin =
AO
h
AO= h cosec ...(ii)
From equation (i) and (ii), we get
h cosec = R cosec
2
h = R sin cosec
2
Hence proved.
34. Since the inner diameter of the glass = 5 cm
and height = 10 cm
So, the apparent capacity of the glass
= r
2
h
= 3.14 2.5 2.5 10 cm
3
= 196.25 cm
3
.
307
But the actual capacity of the
glass is less by the volume of
the hemisphere at the base of
the glass.
i.e., it is less by
2
3
r
3
=
2
3
3.14 2.5 2.5 2.5 cm
3
= 32.71 cm
3
So, the actual capacity of the glass
= apparent capacity of glass
volume of the hemisphere
= (196.25 32.71) cm
3
= 163.54 cm
3
.
Practice Paper5
SECTION-A
1. (A)
_ _
+

, ,
2
1 1 5
2 2 4
k = 0
1
2
k =
5 1
4 4
k = 2.
2. (B) The given A.P. is 11, 8, 5, ........, 49.
To find 4
th
term from last, a = 49, d = 3.
Required term= 49 + (4 1) ( 3)
= 49 9 = 40.
3. (A) In OPQ,
PQ
2
= 13
2
5
2
PQ= 12 cm
ar( PQOR) = 2 ar(POQ)
= 2
1
2
5 12
= 60 cm
2
.
4. (A) Area of a triangle
drawn in a semicircle
is directly proportional
to its height.
ar(largest ABC) =
1
2
2r r
= r
2
sq. units.
5. (D)
1
2
V
V
=
64
27
3
1
3
2
4
3
4
3
r
r
=
3
3
4
3
1
2
r
r

4
3
2
1
2
2
r
r

16
9
1
2
S
S
2
1
2
2
4
4
r
r
2
1
2
2
r
r

16
9
i.e., S
1
: S
2
= 16 : 9.
6. (D) Let O be the centre of the circle and PA
and PB are two tangents inclined at 60.
In right-angled OAP,
OPA= 30
APB
OPA = OPB =
2
_

,
tan 30 =
OA
AP
1
3
=
3
AP
AP = 3 3 cm.
7. (D) Each pair of opposite sides of a
quadrilateral circumscribing a circle
subtends complementary angles at the
centre of the circle.
AOB + COD = 180
COD = 180 125
= 55.
8. (C) Let the girl bought n tickets.
6000
n
= 0.08
n = 480.
308
9. (B) Let the suns elevation = .
tan =
AB
BC
=
6
2 3
=
3
= tan 60
= 60.
10. (D) As XY AB and CD XY so CD AB.
CD is bisected by AB at M.
CD= 2 DM.
In OMD,
DM=
2 2
OD OM
=
2 2
5 3
(
.
.
.
r = 5 cm, OM = AM AO = 8 5 = 3 cm)
DM= 4 cm
Therefore, CD = 2 4 = 8 cm.
SECTION-B
11. Side of square = a = 7.5 2 = 15 cm
Area of shaded part = Area of square
Area of circle
= a
2
r
2
= 15
2
3.14 (7.5)
2
= 225 176.625
= 48.375 cm
2
.
12. Let first term = a
1
and common
difference = d.
7a
7
= 11a
11
7(a
1
+ 6d) = 11(a
1
+ 10d)
7a
1
11a
1
= 110d 42d
a
1
= 17d
a
1
+ 17d = 0
a
18
= 0.
13. 6x
2

2x
2 = 0
Comparing the coefficients of like powers
of the given equation with ax
2
+ bx + c = 0,
we get a = 6, b =
2
, c = 2
D = b
2
4ac = 2 + 48 = 50
Quadratic formula:
x =
2
4
2
b b ac
a
x =
2 50
12
=
2 5 2
12
x =
6 2
12
or x =
4 2
12
i.e., x =
2
2
or x =
2
3
Hence, required roots are
2
2
and
2
3
.
OR
Consider the equation,
2x
2
3x 5 = 0
2x
2
(5 2)x 5 = 0
(Spliting middle term)
2x
2
5x + 2x 5 = 0
x(2x 5) + 1 (2x 5) = 0
(2x 5) (x + 1) = 0
2x 5 = 0 or x + 1 = 0
i.e., x =
5
2
or 1
Thus,
5
2
and 1 are the required roots.
14. We are given three points are A( 4, 0),
B(4, 0) and C(0, 3).
Using distance formula, we find the
lengths of segments (sides) as
AB =
+
2 2
8 0
= 8;
BC =
+
2 2
4 3
= 5
CA=
+
2 2
4 3
= 5
BC = CA AB
ABC is an isosceles triangle.
309
15.
2 20
,
7 7
_

,
Hint: Use Section formula
x =
2 1
lx mx
l m
+
+
: y =
2 1
ly my
l m
+
+
where l : m = 3 : 4.
16. Sample space (all possible outcomes)
when rolling a pair of dice is given by:
S = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6),
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4) (2, 5), (2, 6),
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6),
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6),
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}.
n(S) = 36
Favourable outcomes are: (1, 3), (2, 2),
(2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2),
(6, 6). These are 9 in counting.
Hence, the required probability
=
9
36
=
1
4
.
17. Volume of the remaining solid
= Volume of the cube
Volume of the cone.
= l
3

1
3
r
2
h
= 7
3

1
3
22
7
3
2
7
= 343 66 = 277 cm
3
.
18.
Extend AB and CD to meet at P.
Since the pair of tangents drawn from an
external point to a circle are equal,
i.e., BP = DP and AP = CP.
So, AP BP = CP DP
i.e., AB = CD. Hence proved.
SECTION-C
19. Number of cards with numbers from 2
to 101
= 101 2 + 1 = 100
n(S) = 100
(i) Let E
1
be the event of drawing a card
having an even number.
Even numbers are : 2, 4, 6, ....., 100,
which are 50.
n(E
1
) = 50
Now, P(E
1
) =
1
(E ) 50 1
= =
(S) 100 2
n
n
.
(ii) Let E
2
be the event of drawing a card
having a square number. Square numbers
are: 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100.
n(E
2
) = 9 P(E
2
) =
2
(E ) 9
(S) 100
n
n
.
OR
Number of non-defective bulbs
= 24 6 = 18
P(First bulbs is not defective)
=
Number of non-defective bulbs
Total number of bulbs
=
18
24
=
3
4
If the first selected bulb is defective, then
the number of remaining defective bulbs
= 6 1 = 5 and the remaing total number
of bulbs = 24 1 = 23.
P(Second bulb is defective) =
5
23
.
20. Given equation:
abx
2
+ (b
2
ac)x bc = 0
Comparing it with
Ax
2
+ Bx + C = 0, we get
A = ab; B = b
2
ac; C = bc
Quadratic formula:
x =
2
B B 4AC
2A
=
2 2 2
( ) ( ) ( )
2
b ac b ac 4ab bc
ab
310
=
2 4 2 2 2
2
2
ac b b + ab c + a c
ab
=
2 2 2
( )
2
ac b b +ac
ab
=
2
( )
2
2
ac b b +ac
ab
x =
2
2
ac
ab
or x =
2
2
2
b
ab
x =
c
b
or x =
b
a
.
21. S
n
=
2
3 5
+
2 2
n n
Substituting n = n 1, we get
S
n1
=
3
2
(n 1)
2
+
5
2
(n 1)
=
3
2
(n
2
2n + 1) +
5
2
(n 1)
=
3
2
n
2
3n +
3
2
+
5
2
n
5
2
=
3
2
n
2

1
2
n 1
n
th
term of an A.P. is given by
a
n
= S
n
S
n 1
=
3
2
n
2
+
5
2
n
3
2
n
2
+
1
2
n + 1
= 3n + 1
a
31
= 3 31 + 1 = 94.
OR
Common difference = a
3
a
2
= a
2
a
1
3k
2
+ 4k + 4 (2k
2
+ 3k + 6)
= 2k
2
+ 3k + 6 (k
2
+ 4k)
k
2
+ k 2 = k
2
k + 6
2k = 8 k = 4
Common difference = 4
2
+ 4 2 = 18
Hence, the given terms are:
4
2
+4 4, 4
2
+ 4 4 + 18 and4
2
+4 4 + 2 18
i.e., 32, 50 and 68.
22. We are given
that AB = 8 cm;
BC = 10 cm and
CA = 12 cm
Let AD= x, then AF = x;
BD= AB AD = 8 x = BE
EC = BC BE
= 10 8 + x = 2 + x = CF.
AF = AC CF
= 12 2 x = 10 x
Here, we observe that
AF = x and AF = 10 x
x = 10 x x = 5 cm
Hence, AD= 5 cm; BE = 8 x = 3 cm;
CF = 2 + x = 7 cm.
23. Use ASP:
A + B + C = 180
105 + 45 + C = 180
C = 180 150= 30
C = 30.
ABC ~ ABC such that
AB
AB
=
BC A C 4
BC AC 3

.
311
24. Circumcentre of a triangle is equidistant
from the vertices of the triangle
Let O (x, y), be the circumcentre of the given
ABC.
OA = OB = OC
i.e., OA
2
= OB
2
= OC
2
Taking OA
2
= OC
2
, we get
(x 8)
2
+ (y 6)
2
= (x 2)
2
+ (y + 2)
2
x
2
16x + 64 + y
2
12y + 36
= x
2
4x + 4 + y
2
+ 4y + 4
12x 16y = 8 100
12x + 16y = 92
3x + 4y = 23 ...(i)
Also taking OB
2
= OC
2
,
(x 8)
2
+ (y + 2)
2
= (x 2)
2
+ (y + 2)
2
(x 8)
2
= (x 2)
2
x 8 = (x 2)
But x 8 = (x 2) as 8 2
x 8 = (x 2)
i.e., 2x = 10
i.e., x = 5
Substituting x = 5 in equation (i), we get
3 5 + 4y = 23
i.e., 4y = 23 15 = 8
i.e., y = 2
Circumradius = OA
=
( ) ( ) +
2 2
8 8 x y
=
( ) ( ) +
2 2
5 8 2 6
= + 9 16 = 5
Hence, the circumcentre is (5, 2) and the
circumradius is 5 units.
25. Given chord is AC. Exterior angle
AOC = 270. ACDA is the major segment.
ar(segment ACDA)
= ar(sector AOCDA) + ar(AOC)
=
270
360
(20)
2
+
1
2
20 20
=
3
4
3.14 400 + 10 20
= 942 + 200
= 1142 cm
2
.
26. Area of square = (side)
2
= (4)
2
= 16 cm
2
Area of each quadrant =
1
4
r
2
=
1
4
3.14 (1)
2
=
3.14
4
cm
2
Area of 4 quadrants = 4
3.14
4
= 3.14 cm
2
Also area of the circle drawn in middle of
the square = r
2
= 3.14
2
2
2
_

,
= 3.14 cm
2
312
27. In the figure drawn here, let AB be a wall
of height h m and AC be a ladder 15 m
long that makes an angle of 60 with the
wall.
cos 60 =
AB
AC
1
2
=
15
h
2h = 15
h =
15
2
= 7.5 m.
28. Let the required ratio be : 1
We will use section formula,
3 =
2 5
+1
; p =
4 + 3
+1
i.e., 3 3 = 2 5 ; p =
4 + 3
+1
i.e., = 2 ; p =
4 + 6
3
=
2
3
Required ratio is 2 : 1 and p =
2
3
.
SECTION-D
29. r = AO = BO = CO

= 3.5 cm
CD= 15.5 cm
OD= CD CO
= 15.5 3.5 = 12 cm
Now, area of shaded part = Area of square
Sum of areas of 4 quadrants Area of
circle drawn in centre.
= 16 3.14 3.14
= 16 6.28 = 9.72 cm
2
OR
Side of ABC = a = 10 cm
Radius of each circle = r =
10
2
= 5 cm
ar(ABC) =
3
4
a
2
=
3
4
10
2
= 25 3 = 25 1.732
= 43.30 cm
2
Area of each sector situated in ABC
=
2
60
360
r =
1
6
3.14 5
2
cm
2
.
Area of the shaded region
= ar(ABC) 3 area of any one
sector
= 43.30 3
1
6
3.14 25
= 43.30 39.25 = 4.05 cm
2
.
313
l = AD =
2 2
OD AO +
= + 144 12.25
= 12.5 cm.
Now, total surface area
= C.S.A. of the cone ABD
+ C.S.A. of the hemisphere ACB
= rl + 2r
2
= r(l + 2r)
=
22
7
3.5 (12.5 + 7)
= 22 0.5 19.5 = 214.5 cm
2
.
OR
Given: r
1
= 20 cm, r
2
= 8 cm and h = 16 cm
Volume of the container
V = ( )
2 2
1 2 1 2
1
3
h r r r r + +
=
( )
2 2
1
3.14 16 20 8 20 8
3
+ +
= ( )
1
50.24 400 64 160
3
+ +
=
1
3
50.24 624 = 10450 cm
3
(approx)
Capacity of container
=
10450
1000
l = 10.45 l
Cost of milk = Volume of the container
Rate per litre
= 10.45 ` 15
= ` 156.75.
30. Let the tap of larger diameter takes t hours
to fill the tank. So the smaller one will take
(10 + t) hours on the same work.
The part of the tank filled by larger tap in
1 hour =
1
t
And the part of the tank filled by the smaller
tap in 1 hour =
+
1
10 t
So, the part of the tank filled by both the taps
simultaneously in 1 hour =
1
t
+
+
1
10 t
...(i)
But it is given that the taps together fill the
tank in
3
9
8
=
75
8
hrs.
So, the part of the tank filled by both the taps
simultaneously in 1 hour =
1
75
8
=
8
75
hrs
...(ii)
From the results (i) and (ii), we have
+
+
1 1
10 t t
=
8
75
10
( 10)
t t
t t
+ +
+
=
8
75
750 + 150t = 8t
2
+ 80t
8t
2
70t 750 = 0,
314
i.e., 4t
2
35t 375 = 0
D = ( 35t)
2
4 4 ( 375) = 1225 + 6000
D
= 7225 = 85
t =
35 85
2 4
=
120
8
or
50
8
t =
120
8
= 15 hrs
(Time cannot be negative so t =
50
8
is rejected.)
And t + 10 = 25 hrs.
Thus, time taken by the larger tap = 15 hrs.
and time taken by the smaller tap = 25 hrs.
31. DA and DC are two tangents from D to the
circle with centre F.
ADF = CDF ...(i)
Similarly,
BEF = CEF ...(ii)
As l m and DE is transversal,
ADE + BED= 180
(Cointerior angles)
(ADF + EDF) + (BEF + DEF) = 180
(EDF + EDF) + (DEF + DEF) = 180
2 EDF + 2 DEF = 180
EDF + DEF = 90 ...(iii)
In EDF,
EDF + DEF + DFE = 180
(Angle sum property of a triangle)
90 + DFE = 180
[Using (iii)]
DFE = 90.
Hence proved.
32. Let us take LHS of the given equation
4 + ( 1) + 2 +......+ x
Here, 2
nd
term 1
st
term = 3
rd
term 2
nd
term
= 3. So, this is the sum of A.P. with common
difference d = 3 and the first term a = 4.
Let this A.P. contains n terms.
Then, using a
n
= a + (n 1)d, we get
x = 4 + (n 1) 3
n 1 =
+ 4
3
x
n =
+7
3
x
Now, LHS =
+7
3
x
( 4 + x)
[Using S
n
=
2
n
(a + l)]
=
2
4 28 7
6
x x x + +
=
+
2
3 28
6
x x
Hence, the given equation becomes
+
2
3 28
6
x x
= 437
x
2
+ 3x 2650 = 0
x
2
+ 53x 50x 2650 = 0
(x + 53) (x 50) = 0
x = 53 or x = 50
But x = 53 is not possible because the A.P.
has no negative term after the second term.
Therefore, x = 50.
OR
Ruchi has 13 flags to be fixed at one side
of her, each at R
1
, R
2
,......., R
3
(see figure)
and the same no. on the opposite side of
it such that the flags are on the straight
passage.
315
Let initially Ruchi is at the point R with
her books and 27 flags.
Ruchi fixed one flag at the point R also
RR
1
= R
1
R
2
= ..... = R
12
R
13
= 2 m
Fixing one flag at R
1
, distance covered by
Ruchi
= RR
1
+ R
1
R
= 2 + 2 = 4 m
Fixing one flag at R
2
, distance covered by
Ruchi = RR
2
+ R
2
R
= 4 + 4 = 8 m and so on.
Therefore distance covered by Ruchi to fix
all flags on one side of R.
= 4 + 8 + 12 + ....... to 13 term
= 4(1 + 2 + 3 +.......to 13 terms)
= 4
13 14
2
= 364 m
Similarly, distance covered by Ruchi to fix
all flags on other side of R = 364 m.
Hence, total distance covered
= 364 + 364 = 728 m
Maximum distance travelled by Ruchi
carrying a flag = RR
3
= 2 13 = 26 m.
33. Let XP = x and PQ = y
YM = x; PM = 40 m; QM = y 40
In right-angled triangle QYM,
tan 45 =
QM
YM
1 =
40 y
x
x = y 40 ...(i)
In right-angled triangle QXP,
tan 60 =
QP
XP
3

y
x
x =
3
y
...(ii)
y 40 =
3
y
3 y 40 3 = y
(
3
1)y = 40 3
y =
40 3
3 1
y =
40 3
3 1

+
+
3 1
3 1
y =
40(3 3)
3 1
+
y = 20
(3 3) +
...(iii)
i.e. PQ= 20(3 3) + metres
Again in right-angled triangle QXP,
sin 60 =
QP
XQ
3
2
=
20(3 3)
XQ
+
XQ
20(3 + 3) 2
3
XQ
40( 3 1) +
Hence, PQ =
20(3 3) +
metres and
XQ=
40( 3 1) +
metres.
316
34. h = 16 cm
r
2
= 8 cm
r
1
= 20 cm
l =
2 2
1 2
( ) h r r +
=
2 2
16 12 +
=
256 144 +
=
400
= 20 cm.
Area of sheet used to make bucket
= C.S.A. of frustum + Area of base
= l(r
1
+ r
2
) + r
2
2
= [l(r
1
+ r
2
) + r
2
2
]
= [20 28 + 64]
= 3.14 624
= 1959.36 cm
2
Cost =
1959.36
100
15
= ` 293.90

Me N Mine (Mathematics)

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Copyright:

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Me N Mine (Mathematics)

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Mathematics

Hint: Given equation can be written as

which is not possible as square of any real

[From (i) and (ii)]

180 [Using (i)]

Let the radius of the cylinder be r.

OPQ = OPT QPT

both of them are irrational.

Required area OAPB

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