NEXUS PMR SCIENCE FORM 1•2•3

(Forecast 2008 PMR Papers) Supplementary Materials for

FORECAST 2008 PMR PAPERS

PAPER 1 [40 marks] One hour

Answer all the questions.

Instructions: Questions 1 to 40 have four possible answers for each question. Choose the best answer
for each question.
1 A small bottle which can hold 25 cm3 of water is filled with 15 cm3 of water only. One
ball bearing displaces 0.2 cm3 of water. How many ball bearings must be added into the
bottle so that the water in it fills the bottle?
A 30 B 40
C 50 D 60

2
W: Form a hypothesis
X: Form a rational conclusion
Y: Identify the problem
Z: Carry out an investigation

The above are steps taken in a scientific investigation. Arrange the steps in the correct
sequence.
A Y, W, Z, X
B W, Y, X, Z
C Z, X, W, Y
D W, Y, Z, X

3 Diagram 1 shows a plant cell.

Q
P

Diagram 1
Which labelled part stores water and nutrients?
A P
B Q
C R
D S

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NEXUS PMR SCIENCE FORM 1•2•3
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4 Which of the following is not part of the human nervous system?

A Nerve B Brain
C Spinal cord D Fallopian tube

5 Which statement best explains why a balloon filled with air expands when placed in the
sun? sunlight

balloon
air particles

Diagram 2

A The air particles receive heat energy and increase in size.

B The air particles receive heat energy and exert more pressure outwards.
C The pores in the balloon enlarge and let in more air particles.
D The rubber of the balloon becomes thinner and weaker.

6 Which of the following is most likely to be a molecule of sulphur?

A B

C D

7 Diagram 3 shows an experiment.

3V

carbon rods

copper chloride
solution

Diagram 3

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Which of the following is not an inference which can be drawn from this
experiment?
A Copper chloride is a compound.
B The elements in copper chloride can be separated by electrical energy.
C Carbon conducts electrical energy.
D Copper chloride compound in solid form conducts electrical energy.

8 There are forty students in a class. Which comparison between the air in the classroom
and the air outside it is incorrect?
Air inside classroom Air outside classroom
A Has more oxygen Has less oxygen
B Has more carbon dioxide Has less carbon dioxide
C Has more moisture Has less moisture
D 78 % of it is nitrogen 78 % of it is nitrogen

9 Diagram 4 shows a marble moving down a slope.

W
marble

Y
X
Z

Diagram 4
At which point does the marble have maximum potential energy?
A W B X
C Y D Z

10 Diagram 5 shows a flask being warmed by a candle flame.

air

heat

water air bubble

Diagram 5
Suggest a hypothesis for the experiment.
A Air is a mixture of gases.
B Air is made up of discrete particles.
C Air expands when it is heated.
D Air absorbs heat energy.

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11 The experiment shown in Diagram 6 is set up and left in the sun.

glass tube

drop of
water

shiny white black dull

surface air surface

P Q
Diagram 6
Which explanation given below is correct?
Observation Reason
A The water rises higher in tin P A shiny white surface absorbs more heat
B The water rises higher in tin P A shiny white surface reflects more heat
C The water rises higher in tin Q A black dull surface absorbs more heat
D The water rises higher in tin Q A black dull surface radiates more heat

12 Which of the following does not make use of convection currents?

A Boiling water in an electric kettle
B Enjoying the sea breeze on the seashore
C Ventilating a hall with air holes near the roof
D Frying eggs in a frying pan

13 Diagram 7 shows a section through the human ear.

X

Diagram 7
The function of which part of the ear is incorrectly stated?
Part of the ear Function
A W To vibrate at the same frequency as the incoming sound waves
B X To help in balancing the body
C Y To equalize the air pressure on each side of the eardrum
D Z To change sound waves into vibrations

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14 Which organ in the digestive system is the first to digest protein?

A Mouth B Stomach
C Duodenum D Large intestine

15 Which of the following is a mammal which lays eggs?

A Platypus
B Whale
C Dolphin
D Panda

16 Why are non-green plants such as fungi unable to carry out photosynthesis?
A They do not bear fruit and seeds.
B They do not have chlorophyll to absorb light energy.
C They do not require glucose for respiration.
D They do not have excess oxygen to be released into the air.

17 Which of the following is the correct definition of commensalism?

A Interaction between two organisms in which both organisms benefit
B Interaction between two organisms in which one benefits and the other is harmed
or killed
C Interaction between two organisms in which one benefits and the other is
unaffected
D Interaction in which two organisms complete for food and habitat.

18 A habitat has the following pyramid of numbers.

Frogs

Caterpillars

Cabbages

Diagram 8

Which of the following is the correct classification of the organisms?

Producers Primary consumers Secondary consumers
A Frogs Caterpillars Cabbages
B Caterpillars Cabbages Frogs
C Cabbages Frogs Caterpillars
D Cabbages Caterpillars Frogs

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19
K: To reduce the acidity of the water
L: To speed up sedimentation of solid particles
M: To kill microorganisms such as bacteria

K, L, and M are chemical substances used in a water treatment reservoir. Identify the
substances represented by K, L and M.
K L M
A Slaked lime Alum Chlorine
B Alum Chlorine Slaked lime
C Chlorine Slaked lime Alum
D Slaked lime Fluoride Chlorine

20 In an experiment, two pieces of equally wet filter paper are hung up to dry as shown in
Diagram 9.
thread

folded into
half unfolded

Diagram 9
Which of the following is a hypothesis which can be proved by this experiment?
A Water evaporates faster in dry air.
B Water evaporates faster from a large surface area.
C Water evaporates faster in moving air.
D Water evaporates faster in bright sunlight.

21 Why does water boil faster at the top of a mountain than at the foot of the mountain?
A It is more windy at the top of a mountain.
B It is colder at the top of a mountain.
C There is less air pressure acting on the water.
D There is more air pressure acting on the water.

22 Diagram 10 shows the same spring balance used to weigh two objects P and Q. Calculate
the weight of Q.

4 cm
6 cm
8 cm

P
1.0 N Q

Diagram 10

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A 2.0 N B 3.0 N
C 4.0 N D 5.0 N

23 newton spring
balance

Diagram 11
A block of wood is pulled along the floor, as shown in Diagram 11. When a force
is applied to pull the bock of wood to the right, there will be another force which will
resist the pulling force. Name the resisting force and the direction of action of the force.
Resisting force Direction
A Gravity Downwards
B Electrostatic Upwards
C Effort To the right
D Friction To the left

24 Which organism is correctly matched with its support system?

Organism Support system
A Scorpion Endoskeleton
B Earthworm Hydrostatic skeleton
C Rubber tree Clasping roots
D Lotus plant Secondary xylem

25 Which of the following objects is the most stable and which is the least stable?
wooden frustum

wooden
cylinder

P Q R S
Diagram 12
Most stable Least stable
A R P
B P R
C Q S
D S Q

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26 Diagram 13 shows a lever system.

load effort

fulcrum

Diagram 13
Which of the following devices has the same lever system as that shown in the above
diagram?
A See-saw B Scissors
C Bottle opener D Ice tongs

27 The lever shown in Diagram 14 is balanced horizontally.

effort, 2 N
fulcrum

load, 6 N
Diagram 14
Using the same lever, an effort of 6 N is required to lift a certain load X. How heavy is
load X?
A 9N
B 12 N
C 16 N
D 18 N

28
P: The alveoli form a very large surface area.
Q: The alveoli have a wall which is one-cell thick.
R: The alveoli are always moist.
S: The alveoli are covered with a network of blood capillaries.

The alveoli in the lungs are suitable places for the diffusion of gases between them and
the blood capillaries. Which factors listed above help in the diffusion of these gases?
A P and R only
B Q and S only
C P, Q and S only
D P, Q, R and S

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29 Diagram 15 shows a section through the human heart.

X Y

W Z

right left

Diagram 15
Which of the labelled blood vessels is an artery which carries deoxygenated blood?
A W B X
C Y D Z

30 Which of the following is not one of the functions of the kidneys?

A They produce the hormone insulin.
B They regulate glucose in the blood.
C They regulate water in the blood.
D They reabsorb glucose and amino acids.

31
bladder

duct cut
and tied penis

testis

Diagram 16
Diagram 16 shows a duct in a man being cut and tied. This is done to …
A stimulate the man’s desire for sex.
B prevent urine from the bladder from entering the testis.
C prevent sperm from the testis from flowing out.
D prevent reproductive hormones from entering the bladder.

32 Diagram 17 shows a foetus in the uterus of its mother.

P

Diagram 17

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Which of the following is not supplied by the mother to the foetus through the structure
labelled P?
A Dissolved nutrients B Carbon dioxide
C Antibodies D Hormones

33 P: Baby Q: Zygote
R: Foetus S: Embryo
The stages in the development of a fertilized ovum are shown in the above list. Arrange
them in the correct sequence.
A Q, R, S, P
B S, R, Q, P
C Q, S, R, P
D S, Q, R, P

34 W, X and Y are three fractions of petroleum obtained from fractional distillation. Tests
on them give the following results.
W X Y
Viscous Not viscous Very viscous
Burns with a yellowish Burns with a blue flame Burns with a bright
flame yellow flame
Table 1
If the fractions used are petrol, fuel oil and diesel, identify them from the tests.
W X Y
A Petrol Fuel oil Diesel
B Fuel oil Diesel Petrol
C Fuel oil Petrol Diesel
D Diesel Petrol Fuel oil

12 V
35

A
4 ohms

4 ohms

Diagram 18
What will be the reading on the ammeter?
A 6A B 8A
C 10 A D 12 A

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36 A negatively charged plastic ruler is brought close to a negatively charged electroscope.

negatively
metal cap charged
ruler

negatively
charged gold leaf
electroscope

Diagram 19
Which of the following explains what you will observe?
Gold leaf Explanation
A Diverges Protons are attracted to the gold leaf
B Diverges Electrons are repelled to the gold leaf
C Collapses Protons are repelled to the gold leaf
D Collapses Electrons move up to the metal cap

37
When a conductor cuts the lines of force of a magnetic field, an electric current is
generated in the conductor.

A device which uses the principle stated above is the …

A transformer.
B turbine.
C dynamo.
D miniature circuit breaker.

38 live wire
W

Diagram 20
Diagram 20 shows a part of a circuit in a house. W, X, and Y represent a switch, a lamp
and a fuse wire (not in the correct order). Identify W, X and Y.
W X Y
A Fuse Switch Lamp
B Switch Lamp Fuse
C Lamp Fuse Switch
D Switch Fuse Lamp

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39 Which of the following planets is now known as a “dwarf planet”?

A Mars
B Pluto
C Neptune
D Uranus

40 Angkasawan Dr. Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor was launched into outer space on 10 October
2007. What was his mission?
A To land on the Moon and study its rocks
B To land on Mars and look for water
C To search for aliens in outer space
D To carry out experiments in the International Space Station

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PAPER 2 One hour thirty minutes

Section A [40 marks]

Instructions: Answer all the questions in this section.

1 Diagram 1 shows a substance being heated, causing it to change from state P to state Q.

heat

P Q

Diagram 1
(a) Name the process which takes place during the heating.

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Explain how heat causes the process to take place.

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(c) State the difference between the movement of the particles in P and Q.

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

(d) What do we call the smallest particle of …

i iron?
____________________________________________________________
ii ice?
____________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

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2 Diagram 2 shows an organ system in the human body.

Diagram 2

(a) i. Identity the system.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

ii. What is the function of this system?

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Name the organ marked X.

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(c) An organ is made up of different tissues. Name two types of tissues present in
organ X.

__________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

(d) Emily accidentally touched a beaker of hot water and quickly pulled her hand
away from the hot beaker. What system in her body enables her to feel the heat?

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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3 Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set up to study a phenomenon.

wet sawdust

germinating
seed

block of
wooden tray
wood
with holes

Diagram 3
(a) Suggest a hypothesis that can be proved correct by this experiment.

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) What is the phenomenon shown by the seeds in this experiment known as?

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(c) State one way by which this phenomenon benefits plants.

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(d) Rubber trees growing near a road are observed to bend towards the road.
i. What stimulus causes the rubber trees to grow in that manner?

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

ii. How does the stimulus help the rubber trees?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(e) What is meant by a negative tropism?

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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4 Diagram 4.1 shows four substances.

Toothpaste Apple Tea Milk of magnesia

Diagram 4.1
(a) Classify the substances into two groups as shown in Diagram 4.2.

Substances

Characteristic Characteristic

Name of substance Name of substance

Diagram 4.2 [2 marks]

(b) i. Complete the following equation.

dilute
Magnesium + hydrochloric +
acid
[1 mark]

ii. Based on the equation in (b) i., suggest a definition for an acid.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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(c) A test tube containing dilute sodium hydroxide solution and ammonium chloride
is heated as shown in Diagram 4.3?

dilute sodium hydroxide

solution
test tube
holder
ammonium
chloride

heat

Diagram 4.3

i. State one observation that you can make.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

ii. Write a word equation to show the chemical reaction that takes place.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

5 Diagram 5 shows three beakers of chicken blood.

sodium
chloride

oxygen carbon dioxide

P Q R

chicken blood
Diagram 5

Oxygen is bubbled into the blood in beaker P; carbon dioxide is bubbled into the blood in
beaker Q, and sodium chloride is added into the blood in beaker R. The blood in the three
beakers are stirred.

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(a) State what you will observe in each beaker.

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
[3 marks]

(b) What substance in the blood absorbs and transports oxygen?

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(c) What substance in the blood is able to destroy bacteria?

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(d) What happens in the blood of a person who is suffering from leukaemia?

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(e) State two differences in structure between an artery and a vein.

__________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

6 (a) The circuit in Diagram 6.1 shows two resistors arranged in parallel.
V

A
5 ohms

V1
6V
5 ohms

V2
6V
Diagram 6.1

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NEXUS PMR SCIENCE FORM 1•2•3
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i. What is the voltage (V) across the battery?

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

ii. Calculate the total resistance in the circuit.

(Show your working)

[1 mark]

iii. State one advantage of arranging resistors in parallel in an electric circuit.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Diagram 6.2 shows a transformer.

lamp
lamp

primary VP VS secondary
voltage voltage

Diagram 6.2

i. The transformer has 300 turns of wire in the primary coil and 100 turns of
wire in the secondary coil. If the primary voltage (Vp) is 15 V, calculate
the secondary voltage (Vs). (Show your working)

[2 marks]

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ii. The primary voltage (Vp) is drawn against the secondary voltage (Vs) for
two transformers as shown in Diagram 6.3.
Primary
voltage (V) transformer P

3
transformer Q

Secondary
voltage (V)
1 2 3 4 5 6

Diagram 6.3

What type of transformers are P and Q?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

iii. Why are laminated soft iron plates used as the core of a transformer?

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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Section B [20 marks]

Instructions: Answer all the questions in this section.

7 Diagram 7.1 shows lead sulphide being heated in a test tube.

lead sulphide

heat

acidified potassium
manganate(VII) solution

Diagram 7.1

(a) Why is the test tube containing lead sulphide powder clamped horizontally?

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) i. State one precaution which should be taken when this experiment is being
carried out.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

ii. Give a reason for taking this precaution.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(c) What change will you observe in the acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution
after a while?

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(d) Write a word equation to show the effect of heat in lead sulphide.

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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(e) Name a metal sulphide which cannot be decomposed by heating.

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(f) Diagram 7.2 shows a mixture of metal powder and sulphur powder being heated.

mixture of metal powder

and sulphur powder

heat

Diagram 7.2
This experiment is carried out by heating two mixtures, one at a time. The results
are given in Table 7.3.

Mixture Reaction Product

Metal X and The heated mixture glows. Black substance
sulphur The glow spreads slowly by itself.

Metal Y and The heated mixture glows brightly. White substance

sulphur The bright glow spreads quickly by
itself.
Table 7.3
i. Which metal (X or Y) is more active?

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

ii. What is metal Y most likely to be?

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

iii. What inference can you form from observing that the glow spreads by
itself through the mixture after initial heating?

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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iv. The products obtained in the experiment are metal sulphides. Suggest how
you can get back iron from iron sulphide.

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

8 Diagram 8.1 shows the apparatus set up to study how the nature of the surface in contact
with a block of wood affects the frictional force produced between the surface and the
block of wood.
block of newton spring
wood balance

frictional force
pulling force

Diagram 8.1

(a) State the variables involved in the experiment.

i. Constant variable: ____________________________________________

ii. Manipulated variable: _________________________________________

iii. Responding variable: __________________________________________

[3 marks]

(b) The results of the experiment are given in Table 8.2.

Nature of surface Frictional force produced (N)
Glass surface 3.0
Table surface 5.0
Rough floor 8.0
Table 8.2

What conclusion can you draw?

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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(c) Predict the results of the experiment if …

i. a heavier block of wood is used.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

ii. the same block is used with its narrow side touching the surface.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(d) In an experiment which is carried out to study the relationship between the
extension of a spring and the force pulling it (Diagram 8.3), the results shown in
Table 8.4 are obtained.

spring
Force (N) 1 2 3 4 5
long needle
Extension 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5
(cm)
pan Table 8.4

ruler

Diagram 8.3
i. Based on Table 8.4, draw a graph of the extension of the spring against the
force puling it.
Extension of
spring (cm)
10

Force (N)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 [2 marks]

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ii. Based on the graph you have drawn, what conclusion can you draw
regarding the relationship between the extension and the force?

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

iii. From your graph, read the extension of the spring when the force is 6.5 N.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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