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L I N E
E N G L I S H S E R I E S
G R A M M A R
Jeremy Harrison
PHRASAL VERBS
Written by - Escrito por: Jeremy Harrison Translated by - Traducido por: Eduardo Rosset Published by - Editado por: Editorial Stanley Design - Diseno: Angela Gomez Layout - Maquetacion: MIZAR PUBLICIDAD, S.C. Design front page - Diseno portada: DISENO IRUNES
1998 Jeremy Harrison 2003 Editorial Stanley Apdo. 207-20300IRUN-SPAIN Telf. 943 6404 12- Fax 943 6438 63 richard@stanleyformacion.com www.gentedellibro.com
ISBN: 84-7873-368-X Dep. Leg.: BI-1268-03 Primera edition 2003 Printed at - Imprime: Imprenta Berekintza
CONTENTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Introduction Verbs with up (1) Movimiento hacia arriba Aumento Verbs with up (2) Aproximandose/Llegando Verbs with up (3) Mejora Adjuntando/Cerrando Verbs with up (4) Conclusion Dano Verbs with out (1) Salida Fuera o lejos de casa Verbs with out (2) Retirada y exclusion Extincion, elimination y expiration Verbs with out (3) Por completo Distribution Verbs with out (4) Selection Peligro/Poner atencion Descubriendo Verbs with off (1) Comienzo Quitar, remover Verbs with off (2) Parando/Cancelando Previniendo Disminuyendo Verbs with off (3) Acabando/Completando Sucediendo Separation Verbs with in (1) Entrada En casa Verbs with in (2) Penetrando/Absorbiendo Inclusion Participation Verbs with in (3) Empezar Llenar/Completar Colapsar Verbs with on (1) Incluyendo/Cubriendo/Anadiendo Comienzo Verbs with on (2) Continuation Animo Actuacion/Desempeno Verbs with down (1) Movimiento hacia abajo/Comiendo y bebiendo Disminucion/Reduccion Verbs with down (2) Derrota/Colapso/Destruccion Dejar de funcionar/ Fracaso o fallo Grabacion/Atribucion a Verbs with about, around and round Sin rumbo Por todos los sitios Girar/Darse la vuelta Visitar Verbs with away (1) Movimiento alejandose/Retirandose Quitar/Disponer Verbs with away (2) Guardando/Escondiendo Ausencia/Viaje Continuo, actividad intensa Verbs with over (1) Cayendo Cambio/Transferencia Verbs with over (2) Consideration cuidadosa Cubriendo/Escondiendo Teraiinado A la casa de alguien Verbs with back Movimiento Vuelta al punto de partida Respondiendo/Reciprocidad Verbs with apart and through Desmantelar Separation Completar/A conciencia Contacto por telefono Revision: come..., go..., bring..., take..., get..., put..., turn..., keep... Answers
Pag.
1 4 6 9 12 14 16 18 20 23 26 29 32 35 37 40 43 46 48 51 54 56 59 61 64 66 68 73
PROLOGUE
This book concentrates solely on a challenging but highly important area of English Grammar: Phrasal Verbs. But What is a Phrasal Verbs? Phrasal Verbs are combinations of a verb and a particle - the particle either changes the normal meaning of the verb or adds an extra meaning to it. The introduction to this book will help you understand this and other essential points about Phrasal Verbs, such as word order, etc. Este libra se centra en un area importantisima de la gramatica inglesa: Los verbos frasales. Pero, que es un verbo frasal? Los verbos frasales son combinaciones de un verbo y una particula la particula o bien cambia el significado del verbo o le afiade un significado extra. Estelibrole ayudara a usted a entender esto y otros puntos esenciales sobre los verbos frasales, tales como el orden de las palabras, etc.
INTRODUCTION
Sobre este libro
Este libro practica los verbos frasales con adverbios. Hemos cogido las catorce particulas adverbiales mas frecuentes y explicado las varias maneras diferentes en las que se modifica el significado de los verbos. Hay ejemplos y ejercicios para mostrar los contextos tipicos y tambien los diferentes disenos sintacticos que se usan con ellos. Sin embargo, el libro es esencialmente sobre el significado de los verbos frasales. Este libro no trata con verbos preposicionales. En primer lugar porque presentan menos dificultad que los verbos frasales. Tambien porque nos parece que la mejor manera de aprenderlos es como proverbios.
Estas palabras son siempre adverbios: Ahead, apart, aside, away, back, forward, forwards, home, in front, on top, out (en ingles britanico), together. Estas palabras pueden ser adverbios o preposiciones: About, above, across, after, along, around, by, down, in, off, on, out (en ingles americano), over, past, round, through, under, up. Los adverbios en cursiva son tratados a fondo en este libro. Se presentan en orden descendente de frecuencia en veinticinco secciones de dos paginas.
El objeto de un verbo frasal preposicional debe ir siempre seguido de la preposition. En realidad, es el objeto de la preposition, no el verbo: Verbo looking looking Preposition after after Objeto the children? them1.
4A Who is 4B Mary is
El objeto de un verbo frasal adverbial puede seguir a la particula (como en el 4C) o puede preceder a la particula (como en el 4D y 4E): 4C John 4D John 4E John Verbo picked Verbo picked picked Particular adverbial up Objeto his hat it2 Objeto his hat.
Un verbo frasal adverbial puede, por supuesto, ser intransitivo. En cuyo caso no tiene objeto: 4F John Verbo ran Particula adverbial away. INTRODUCTION
Notas importantes: 1. Cuando el objeto de un verbo prepositional es un pronombre (me, you, him, her, it, one, us, them), debe seguir la preposition (como en 4B). 2. Cuando el objeto de un verbo frasal adverbial es un pronombre (me, you, him, her, it, one, us, them), debe preceder la particula (como en 4E).
Metaforicamente, tambien se puede 'levantar' I'm glad you brought up that point. It's very important. un tema para discusion Me alegro que sacaras a relucir esepunto. Es muy importante. (bring up a subject):
UNIT1
Los verbos con up tambien pueden tener el significado de 'traer o llevar a la superficie'. Despues de enterrarlo, un perro desenterrara un hueso (dig up a bone). Hablando metaforicamente, un periodista quiza quiera 'desenterrar' el pasado de un politico (dig up his past).
Aumento
Otro significado que up puede dar a menudo a los verbos es la idea de 'aumentar' como en las frases siguientes: Turn up the radio -1 can't hear what he's saying. Sube el volumen de la radio - No oigo lo que dice. Children build up a resistance to germs as they grow older. Los ninos se hacen mas resistentes a los germenes segun crecen. Hurry up or we'll miss the train. Date prisa o perderemos el tren.
EXERCISES
EXERCISE 1 (Haga este ejercicio al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2,3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI: 11. Calentar 1. Educar 6. Recoger 12. Darse prisa 2. Desenterrar 7. Subir el cuello 3. Levantarse 8. Sacar a relucir un tema 13. Hablar mas alto/levantar la voz 14. Subir el volumen 4. Subir los precios 9. Construir 15. Calentar 5. Levantar la mirada 10. Crecer
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. bring up (x2) look up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. dig up pick up get up put up go up turn up lift up
Martha a plate and threw it at George. He the corner of the carpet, to see the maker's name. I coughed loudly but the woman behind the desk didn't One day Mario an old Roman knife in his garden. If you know the answer, your hand. 'It's cold', he said and the collar of his coat. I'm glad that you that question. What time do you want to tomorrow? The cost of living every year. Then he the embarrassing subject of money.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. brighten up hurry up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. bring up speak up build up turn up grow up warm up heat up work up UNIT
Martha the volume so that she could hear the music in the bathroom. She put some flowers on the table to the room. The doctor told him to eat plenty of protein to his strength. If I have children, I want to them in the country. I'm a bit deaf. Could you , please? I in a big city, but I like the country best. We'll be late if we don't She moved near the radiator to her feet. You can this soup , or drink it cold. A five kilometre walk before lunch will an appetite.
EXERCISE 4 Una los verbos frasales 1-6 con las palabras y las frases A-H. 1. Bring up A a question. 2. Buildup B an appetite. 3. Get up c children. 4. Put up D in the morning. 5. Turnup E the volume. 6. Work up F your collar. G your hand. H your strength.
(2)
Aproximandose/Llegando
Los verbos basicos de movimiento en ingles son go y come. La mayor parte de los otros verbos de movimiento describen la 'manera' del movimiento, por ejemplo: walk significa 'a pie', drive significa 'en un coche', creep (crept, crept) significa 'despacio o a escondidas'. La particula up anade a los verbos el significado de 'aproximacion o llegada'. Fijese que la preposicion to se usa despues de verbos con up en este significado. De hecho es mejor pensar en up to como inseparables: Ejemplos: Susan went up to the tennis player and asked him for his autograph. Susan se acerco aljugador de tenis y lepidio su autografo. John is not very tall. He only comes up to his brother's shoulder. John no es muy alto. Solo llega al hombro de su hermano. UNIT2 Fijese en el uso metaforico de come up to: The match didn't come up to expectations. Elpartido no fue lo que se esperaba.
"
Los verbos measure up to y live up to tienen el mismo sentido metaforico. Los verbos de movimiento se pueden usar sin mencionar el destino, como en la frase B: A A man in a mask drove up to the bank. Un hombre con una mascara condujo el coche hasta el banco. B A man in a mask drove up. Un hombre con una mascara se acerco en coche. Sin embargo, si se menciona el destino, debe ser despues de up to, como en la frase A. Asi pues, esta frase es incorrecta (* He drove the bank up). Esta regla sirve para todos los verbos de movimiento que se usan con up to. A continuation van algunas expresiones relacionadas con ello. Fijese que las dos primeras tienen la preposicion with despues de up: catch up with someone o catch someone up (alcanzar a alguien); keep up with someone (pero no *keep someone up) (mantenerse al nivel de alguien): Show up significa 'llegar cuando la gente espera que lo hagas'. Es una expresion corriente. Turn up generalmente significa 'llegar cuando no te esperan'. Snuggle up to someone es una expresion carinosa que significa 'arrimarse a alguien'.
EXERCISES
EXERCISE 1 (Haga este ejercicio al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2,3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Catch up with someone Come up to expectations Drive up Face up to someone Keep up with your work Lead up to the house Show up Arrive unexpectedly (turn up) A B c D E F G H Alcanzar a alguien Llegar a ser lo que se esperaba Llegar en coche Enfrentarse a alguien Estar al dia con tu trabajo Conducir a la casa (sendero) Aparecer, presentarse Llegar inesperadamente
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. catch up show up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. come up snuggle up drive up turn up face up walk up keep up lead up UNIT2
You're walking too fast. I can't with you. With your long legs, you'll soon us She to him and whispered something in his ear. An avenue of lime trees to the castle. - What's the time? - It's to half-past six. As I came out of the bank, a car It was Sebastian. We need to to reality. Jack always when you least expect him. We expected him at 10 o'clock, but he didn't Martha just to George and hit him in the face.
EXERCISE 3
Complete el texto con las formas correctas de cinco verbos frasales de la casilla. drive up catchup face up come up (x2) keep up lead up show up (x2) creep up
London. December. Very cold. Greg waited for Ginger at the end of the short road that (1) to the prison. From time to time people (2) to him. A man in an expensive coat wanted a match for his cigarette. A girl with green eyes asked him the way to the prison. Greg was nervous. An hour passed. Suddenly the two men from the nightclub (3) in a black Mercedes. 'Are you waiting for Ginger?' asked the driver. 'Yeah, but he hasn't (4) ', said Greg. 'He said he'd be here at four. It's (5) to five o'clock now and he hasn't (6) _ ' 'That's because he's not coming, my friend. Ginger has gone to Spain and he's not coming back. Get in the car.' Greg climbed in. 'Listen, my friend. You need to (7) to the reality of the situation. You're not going to see Ginger again - or your money.
EXERCISE 4
Una los verbos frasales 1-6 con las oradones A-F. 1. Catch up A out of nowhere. 2. Come up B to the truth. 3. Coming up c to midnight. 4. Face up D to expectations. 5. Keep up E with someone. 6. Turn up F with your work.
UNIT2.
U N I T 3
Adjuntando/Cerrando
Up se usa a menudo con un sentido de 'adjuntando' o 'cerrando' algo. Por ejemplo, segun que clase de botas (boots) pueden ser atadas con una cremallera (zip), o un lazo (a lace), o botones (buttons). Eso da estas posibilidades en ingles: Zip Lace Button up your boots
Una posibilidad mas, si se esta atando las botas con lazos o incluso cordel, cuerda, o cintas, se usa el verbo tie (atar): tie up your boots. El verbo do up se puede usar tambien para cualquier prenda de vestir: do up your boots/ your shirt. Los ejemplos anteriores demuestran algo que sucede muy a menudo, a saber, que el 'verbo' que forma parte del verbo frasal puede indicar la manera en que se hace algo. Fijese tambien en este caso en particular, que la palabra con el sentido de 'anudar' (lace, button, zip, etc.) es, a menudo, un sustantivo pero este sustantivo se usa exactamente como si fuera un verbo. Lo contrario de todos estos verbos no es un verbo frasal. Se anade el prefijo un- al verbo. Asi: undo your jacket, unzip..., unbutton..., untie..., etc.
EXERCISES
EXERCISE 1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2,3 y 4) Busque los verbos ingleses frasales y expresiones que se correspondan con las expresionesLl: 1. 2. 3. 4. Hacer una casa (decorar) Pulir tu ingles Subir la cremallera Alegrar a alguien 5. Lavar los platos 6. Atar/sujetar un caballo 7. Vestirse para una fiesta
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla.
UNIT3
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
brush up
cleanup
cheer up
do up
dress up
wash up
It's not a formal party. There's no need to for it. If we the house, we'll get a better price for it. I need to my English before I go to India. It's useful there. Please the saucepans when you've finished cooking. I must the kitchen a bit, before my mother arrives. Catherine was a bit depressed about her exam results, so we took her to see a film to her
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. board up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. doup(x2) tieup(x2) zipup(x3)
He had eaten so much that he couldn't the buttons on his jacket. He bent down to his shoes. They the empty house to keep out tramps and squatters. It's OK, Mum, I can my shirt without your help. She put her camera under a pullover and the bag. He his leather jacket, unzipped it, then it again.
7. Clint
EXERCISES
Una los verbos frasales 1-6 con las frases A-F. 1. Button up A a dog. 2. Tie up B Life's not so bad. 3. Brush up c for a formal occasion. 4. Cheer up! D your shirt. 5. Dress up E the flat. 6. Tidy up F your English.
UNIT3
Dano
La particula up a menudo se usa con verbos coloquiales que sugieren dafio de alguna especie. Por ejemplo blow up (estallar, explotar), smash up (destrozar). Mess up a room significa 'desordenar una habitation'. Pero mess up tambien se usa metaforicamente; por ejemplo: mess up someone's day significa sencillamente 'fastidiarle a alguien el dia'.
EXERCISES
(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2,3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos LI: 1. Acabar como presidente 5. Zancadillear a alguien 2. Llenar el deposito de gasolina 6. Explosionar un edificio 3. Encubrir una equivocacion 7. Terminar tu cerveza 4. Romper una carta 8. Cerrar la tienda
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. burn up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. drink up dry up eat up tear up use up
I my last 1 coin on a parking meter. The program will 20 megabytes of your hard disk. This river usually in summer. She the letter and threw it in the bin. They their beer and left the pub. Running is a good way to calories.
U N I T 4
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. cover up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. end up fill up (x2) shut up wash up
He'll in prison, if he doesn't stop cheating people. Don't bother to those pans I'll do them later. She the car with petrol. Anita decided to the shop for a week and go on holiday. There was no way she could her mistake. She used to her days with shopping and telephoning friends.
EXERCISE 4 Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. blowup 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. mess up shake up smash up trip up
I'm sorry to your plans but I'm afraid I can't lend you the car. The terrorists tried to a police station with a home-made bomb. The football fans all the cafes on that side of the street. Campbell threw himself, feet first, and the Italian player. The accident me more than I expected.
UNIT5VERBSWITHOUT(1)
Salida Fuera o lejos de casa Salida
La particula out se combina con verbos de moviCome out with your hands up! miento con el significado Sal con las manos en alto! de 've fuera/sal'. El verbo Don't go out without a raincoat. indica la manera de salir, la No saigas sin gabardina. particula out es la parte When he opened the cupboard, a skeleton fell out. que significa 'salida'. Asi Cuando abrio el armario, cayo un esqueleto. para salir de una habitation donde estoy se dice go out. Para salir hacia mi de algun otro sitio se dice come out. Pero para salir corriendo se dice run out. Mira estos ejemplos: Out tambien se suele usar con verbos como push (empujar), pull (tirar de) I squeezed out the last bit of toothpaste. etcetera, para mostrar la manera en la Estruje hasta sacar toda la pasta de dientes. que se saca algo o a alguien fuera: Fijese en el uso metaforico de stand out que significa 'que sobresale'.
UNIT5
Stay out late significa 'volver tarde a casa'. Out se puede usar con los verbos invite y ask para significar 'invitar a salir'. Ejemplo: Si usted ask someone out significa que esa persona es su invitada en un restaurante o cine, por ejemplo. Si usted take people out usted paga los gastos. Si usted go out with someone, esa persona es su novio o novia.
EXERCISES
(Hagaesto al mismo tiempo que completa EXERCISE1 los ejercicios 2, 3 y 4) Busque los verbos ingleses frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1: 1. Escaparse de la carcel 4. Dejar salir al gato 2. Salir de casa de alguien 5. Volver tarde a casa 3. Invitar a salir a alguien 6. Sacar un panuelo
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. break out put out 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. fall out run out jump out stand out let out stick out pull out take out
He took a deep breath and of the plane. At 4 o'clock, all the children of school. He a large, yellow handkerchief. As he pulled out his handkerchief, a packet of cigarettes Two prisoners of Brixton Prison early this morning. It's your turn to the dog for a walk. I always the cat at night. Don't the cat when you open the door. The director had a big cigar of his shirt pocket. As a manager, she really from the crowd.
of his pocket.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. ask out lock out call out move out go out stay out invite out UN.ITS
2. - Could I speak to Valerie, please? - I'm afraid she has She'll soon be back. 3. Jack's father forgot that Jack wasn't at home and him by mistake. 4. - Are you going to all night? - No, I'll be back at about 2 a.m. 5. Uncle Jim has been staying with us for more than a year now. I don't know when he's going to 6. I think she likes you. Why don't you her ? 7. I don't want to the doctor in the middle of the night.
La particula out tiene un sentido de retirada o extraction en los verbos take out y pull out: Out a menudo tiene un sentido de 'exclusion':
Students may only take out five library books. Los estudiantes pueden sacar solamente cinco libros de la biblioteca. I can take out 100 pounds a day with my Visa card. Puedo sacar 100 libras al dia con mi tarjeta Visa. The dentist took out my wisdom tooth. El dentista me saco la muela deljuicio. She spent the morning pulling out weeds. Sepaso la manana arrancando las malas hierbas. Private. Keep out. Privado. Prohibida la entrada. The bouncers threw him out. Los gorilas le arrojaron del local. 'He has an alibi, so we can rule him out', said the detective. 'Tiene una coartada, asi que podemos eliminarle', dijo el detective.
UNIT6
Apagar un incendio. El incendio se apaga. Apaga el fuego pisdndolo. El tiempo se acaba. Quedarse sin cigarillos.
EXERCISES
(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2,3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1: 7. Mantenerse en sitio caliente 1. Tirar cosas que no se quieren 8. Prohibida la entrada 2. Arrancar mala hierba 9. Descartar, excluir 3. Eyectar 10. Apagar un incendio 4. Aplastar un cigarrillo 5. Quitar la mantequilla (dejar de comer mantequilla) 11. Arrancar una muela 12. Coger un libro de la biblioteca 6. Quedarse sin dinero
EXERCISE 1
EXERCISE 2 Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. cut out shutout keep out (x3) take out miss out throw out rule out
1. - Where are my blue trainers? -1 them They were disgusting. 2. A notice on the gate said 'PRIVATE '. 3. The prime minister the possibility of a referendum. 4. It's ridiculous to women of the top jobs. 5. I'm wearing this enormous coat to the cold. 6. The doctor advised me to sugar and butter. 7 all thoughts of failure. 8. - January, February, March, May, June,... - You April. 9. You're allowed to three books at a time from the library.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. die out sell out 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. go out squeeze out knock out stamp out put out stub out run out (x2) wipe out UNIT5
If you leave a cigarette in an ashtray, it doesn't , but a cigar does. If the police managed to all crime, they wouldn't have a job. Many species of birds every year because of pollution. The fire service fought all night to the fire Can I my cigarette on this plate? Myxomatosis is a disease that can the entire rabbit population. Only thirty seconds to go! Time is You must answer the question. I've of cigarettes. Where can I buy a packet? Manchester United Juventus in the semi-final of the UEFA Cup. Giant supermarkets are all the small shopkeepers. I'm sorry we have of bread. But we can sell you some cakes.
EXERCISE 4 Una las dos partes de las frases. 1. The government passed a law to 2. The possibility of rain cannot be 3. Before entering, all cigarettes must be 4. You really should 5. This tooth needs to be
A ruled out. B taken out. c keep out immigrants. D put out. E throw out those old boots.
UNIT7 VERBS WITH OUT (3) Por completo Distribution Por completo
Algunos verbos con out signiShe typed out her essay. fican que la actividad indicada Ella paso a mdquina su ensayo. por el verbo se hace a fondo; He wrote out a list of all her qualities. se consigue alguna clase de El hizo una lista con todas las cualidades de ella. resultado: En el primer ejemplo, el ensayo fue mecanografiado del todo. He cleared out the cellar. Notese que out a menudo se usa con verbos que se Hizo limpieza en la bodega. derivan de adjetivos como clean out, tidy out, clear out, even out, flatten out, level out, hollow out, straighten out. El resultado de tales verbos es que algo se queda clean (limpio), tidy (ordenado), clear (descongestionado), even (allanado), etc.
UNIT7
Distnbucion
Algunos verbos con out tienen el sentido de 'distribuir' (como en el primer ejemplo a continuation) o 'radiar' (como en el segundo ejemplo), o 'abrir como un abanico': Her job is to give out samples of perfume in a department store. Su trabajo es dar/repartir muestras de perfume en unos grandes almacenes. That fire gives out a lot of heat. Esefuego da mucho calor. She opened out the fan. Abrio el abanico. The policemen spread out across the field to look for clues. Lapolicia se esparcio por el campo para buscar pistas.
EXERCISES
(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa EXERCISE1losejercicios2,3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI: 1. Probar una receta 4. Cansar a alguien 7. Facilitar informacion a la prensa 2. Encontrar una solucion 5. Entregar folletos 8. Rellenar un impreso 3. Resolver un problema 6. Dar calor 9. Vaciar una habitacion
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. checkout test out 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. clean out tire out fill out try out sort out write out spread out printout
First, you will have to this application form. He asked me to a cheque for 500. The man says he was at the Paradise Club. Can you his alibi, Tom? Before marketing these shampoos, they them on animals - rabbits usually. My essay is on disk. I've just got to it Come to lunch on Sunday. I'm going to a new recipe. We sent the wrong goods to this customer. Will you _ _ the problem , Mr Smith? This table is too small. I'll the map on the floor. I think the walk from the station has your grandmother I must this cupboard. It's really dirty.
EXERCISE 3 Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. UNIT7 give out (x2) go out hand out put out send out
U N I T7
1. -What's your job? -1 leaflets in the street for a travel agency. 2. Susan, will you these photocopies, please? One to each person. 3. We are going to an invitation to all our customers. 4. This radiator a lot of heat. 5. The public relations department a press release to calm people's fears. 6. Language programmes on the BBC in the middle of the night.
"EXERCISE 4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. If you work something out, 2. If you sort a problem out, 3. If you check something out, 4. If you try things out, 5. If you give things out, 6. If you fill out a form, A B c D E F you make enquiries to see if it is correct. you use them to see what happens. you think about it until you understand it. you distribute them. you do something to solve it, or eliminate it. you leave nothing blank.
Peligro/Poner atencion
UNIT8
Out se usa con algunos verbos para querer decir 'prestar atencion': A menudo hay un peligro...: Hatch out for bits of broken glass on the bathroom floor. Cuidado con los cristales rotos en el suelo del bano. ... pero no siempre hay peligro: I'm coming to your town tomorrow. I'll look out for you. Voy a tu ciudad manana. A ver si te veo. Fijese que we'll look for you significa 'te buscaremos', pero we'll look out for you significa sencillamente que miraremos a ver si te vemos. Watch out for y listen out for se pueden usar de la misma forma. Watch out! Mind out! Lookout! Cuidado! Cuidado! Cuidado!
Descubriendo
I see her every day. How can I find out her name? La veo todos los dias. Comopuedo averiguar su nombre? This is her signature, but I can't make out the name. Esta es sufirma, pero nopuedo distinguir su nombre.
EXERCISES
(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2,3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos: EXERCISE 1 1. 2. 3. 4. Elegir Estar ojo avizor Senalar Averiguar algo 5. 6. 7. 8. Destacarauno Entender Vigilar Escuchar atentamente
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. listen out point out (x2) 1. 2. 3. 4 5 6 7. 8. 9. look out single out pick out watch out (x3)
UNIT8
He went to the bookshelf and a yellow book. 'Take this', he whispered. During the interview, he Picasso as the greatest influence on his work. I would just like to that intelligence is no substitute for hard work. ! There's a car coming. for pickpockets! They love crowds like this. ! You're going to knock over that glass with your coat. After the traffic-lights, turn left and for a pub called the Green Dragon. She sat in bed for the sound of his key in the door. He stopped from time to time to an interesting piece of architecture.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. figure out 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. find out make out (x2) work out (x2)
Where can I the time of the last train? I can't where I have seen you before. But I recognize your face. His writing is terrible. I can't this word. She's trying to how much money she needs to go to Thailand. He could just the silhouette of the statue in the fog. I'm no good at arithmetic. I can never sums like that.
EXERCISE4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. If you listen out for the telephone, 2. If you point something out, 3. If you look out for something, 4. If you can just make out what someone says on the telephone, 5. If you single someone out, A you just manage to understand them. B you stay alert so that you hear it when it rings. c you choose that person alone for special attention. D you pay attention so that you don't miss it when it appears. E you direct someone's attention to it.
UNIT8
UNIT9
Quitar, remover
Muchos verbos con off implican la idea de 'remover/quitar' (una especie de marcha, si se quiere). Una vez mas el verbo mismo puede dar una idea de quitar algo. Porejemplo: With a brush (con una brocha), you brush something off. With a knife (con un cuchillo), you cut something off. The storm blew the roof off. La tormenta arranco el tejado.
I put my glass on the table. Who took it off! He dejado el vaso en la mesa. Quien se lo ha llevado? Notese que hay a me- There are no arms on this statue. nudo una oposicion en- Somebody broke them off. tre on y off en mgles: No hay brazos en esta estatua. Alguien los ha roto. Keep your hat on. If you take it off, you might lose it. Ten puesto el sombrero. Si te lo quitas quizd lo pierdas.
PHRASAL VERBS
EXERCISES
EXERCISE 1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa EXERCISE 1 los ejercicios 2, 3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1: 1. 1. 3. 4. 5. 6. Partirtemprano Dar comienzo un partido Iniciar una discusion Comenzar como secretaria Expulsaraunjugador Quitarse el sombrero ante alguien 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Quitar, rascar lapintura Me quede con el en la mano Terminar con todo Dejar sin trabajo Pagar una deuda Abarcar mas de lo que puedes
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. UNIT9 UNIT 9 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. back off set off go off spark off kick off (x2) start off (x2) send off take of
if we want to arrive before lunch, we will have to at 10 o'clock. The flight to Los Angeles at 10.15 a.m. A terrorist bomb was discovered outside the palace but it didn't The referee held up the red card and the player When the woman pulled out a gun, the two men immediately. A mother as the most important person in a child's life. She as a secretary but ended up as the President of the company. Yesterday's match late because of the snow. The meal was wonderful. We with a delicious soup. The incident a terrible argument between the two brothers.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. bite off kill off 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. break off lay off brush off payoff come off strip off cut off take off
I my hat to people who work and study at the same time. A huge television audience saw Mike Tyson a piece of the other boxer's ear. Paula a piece of chocolate and gave it to John. Before painting a door, you need to the old paint. You've got some dust on your shoulder. Let me _
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
She's going to the legs of her jeans to make a pair of shorts. He tried to open the door but the handle in his hand. Last year, pollution in the river all the fish. For economic reasons the factory had to three hundred workers. I borrowed 1.000 from the bank. I agreed to the debt in six months.
EXERCISE4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. He did a very good job A cold winter will kill off I have bitten off She brushed off He had to pay off A B c D E his daughter's debts. the fly on her nose, I take off my hat to him. most insects. more than I can chew.
UNIT 9
UNIT 10
Previniendo
Un numero de verbos se usan con off (a veces metaforicamente) para dar la idea de 'repeler' o 'prevenir': The old man fought off his attackers with his stick. El anciano ahuyento a sus atacantes con su baston. If you burn this candle, it will keep the mosquitoes off. Si quemas esta vela, ahuyentard los mosquitos. He ate berries to stave off hunger. Comio moms para apaciguar el hambre.
Stave es un sustantivo que significa 'palo largo'. Stave off, sin embargo, se usa solo metaforicamente:
Disminuyendo
Ciertos verbos con off dan idea de disminuir. Sin embargo, a causa de la naturaleza del verbo usado, el sentido general es el de un proceso gradual de parada: The pain is easing off now. El dolor esta disminuyendo ahora. The effect is wearing off. Los efectos se estan diluyendo/desvaneciendo.
EXERCISES
EXERCISE 1
(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2,3 y 4) 6. 7. 8. 9. Ahuyentar los insectos Luchar contra un catarro Los efectos se estan desvaneciendo Quemar unas calorias Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Apagarlaluz Suspender las conversaciones Colgar el telefono Suspender/cortar los suministros Suspender/cancelar una reunion
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. break of (x2) ring off 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. call off switch off cool off turn off cut off wear off drop off work off ease off UNIT 10
Don't forget to the light when you go to bed. 'I have never...' John in the middle of the sentence. The peace talks will tomorrow if the nationalists refuse to compromise. Parents need to know when to the TV. This phone call is getting very expensive. I'd better If you do not pay your bill within seven days, we will your electricity supply. My grandmother became very ill so we our holiday. I'm waiting for the rain to before I leave. The effects of the injection are beginning to I can feel my lip now. He went for a two-kilometre run to a few calories. The tea is very hot. Better wait for it to Sales of ice cream in December.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. fight off 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. hold off keep off stave off warn off
Eating plenty of Vitamin C will help to colds and flu. This cream is guaranteed to insects. She was trying, without much success, to a cold. Farmers hang dead birds on a tree to other birds. The men tried to the enemy, while the women escaped.
EXERCISE4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. We staved off 2. Apparently, this plant keeps off 3. We had to call of 4. The pain wore off UNIT 10 5. She rang off A B c D E the match because of snow. without waiting for an answer, hunger with a bag of crisps. after a few hours. mosquitoes.
UNIT11
Sucediendo
Algunos verbos (come, go, bring, pass, carry) se usan con off con el significado de 'suceder' (o 'hacer que algo suceda') con exito: His attempt to break the record didn't come off. Su intento de batir el record no tuvo exito. The Italian jockey brought off the incredible feat of winning all seven races in one afternoon. El jockey italiano llevo a cabo la increible hazana de ganar siete carreras en una tarde.
Separation
Los verbos como like y shut (ambos con el significado de 'cerrar') se usan con off para dar la idea de 'separation' (a veces para prevenir el acceso): They closed off the road because of a gas leak. Cerraron la carretera a causa de un escape de gas.
Otros verbos que se usan con este sentido indican la manera en la cual el area esta separada. Verbos tipicos se derivan de sustantivos tales como: partition (partition), cordon (cordon), rope (cuerda) y fence (valla). Los verbos cut (cortar) y block (bloquear) tambien se usan de forma habitual: They partitioned off the old ballroom to make three classrooms. Dividieron el viejo salon de baile para hacer tres aulas. The village is often cut off by snow in winter. El pueblo esta a menudo aislado por la nieve en invierno.
EXERCISES
EXERCISE1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa l osejercicios2,3y4) Busque los verbos ingleses frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1: UNlT11 12. 3. 4. Conseguir hacer algo satisfactoriamente Terminar con satisfaction Escribir una carta deprisa y corriendo Salir/resultar perfectamente EXERCISE 2 Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. bring off go off 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. come off polish off dash off round off finish off 5. Terminar un trabajo 6. Dividir unahabitation grande 7. Estar aislado
John the last few chips in one mouthful. In spite of his fears, the wedding without any problems. Before leaving the house, he a letter to his bank and ran to the post office. And finally, an apple tart to the meal. Give me fifteen minutes. I just want to my homework. It was a difficult movement but the gymnast it to perfection. She hoped to persuade her father to pay for the tickets, but her plan didn't
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. block off 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. cordon off cutoff fence off partition off
The police have the pavement in front of the building because of the danger. She decided to part of the field in order to make a garden. They parked their car sideways across the road to his escape route. He part of his enormous garage and put in a snooker table. On that remote island, Robinson was from all contact with the world.
UNIT11
EXERCISE 4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. If you dash off a letter or a note to someone, 2. If a place is cut off, 3. You rope off an area so that 4. If something doesn't come off, 5. When you finish something off, A people don't go into it. B you do what is necessary to complete it. c it is isolated. D you write it very quickly. E it means it fails.
UNIT12VERBSWITHIN(1)
Entrada En casa Entrada
Muchos verbos con in llevan el significado de 'entrar'. Go in y come in ambos significan 'entrar', dependiendo de que lado de la puerta esta uno cuando habla. La particula in significa 'entrar' y el verbo indica la manera de entrar. A pie: you walk in. De prisa: you rush in. En un coche: you drive in... y asi sucesivamente. Bring in y take in significan 'entrar con alguien o algo': Take your boots off. Don't bring in all that mud. Quftate las botas. No metas a casa todo ese barro. The secretary took in some coffee for the managers. La secretaria llevo adentro cafe para los directores. UNIT12 Get somebody in es 'entrar a alguien': The exhibition was 'by invitation only', but Charles got me in. La exposition era solo 'con invitation', pew Charles consiguio que yo entrara. Check in y sign in ambos tienen el sentido de 'facturar': Check in your bags at the airport. Facture su equipaje en el aeropuerto. Sign in a visitor. Hacer firmar en el libro de invitados. Key inyour password. Teclear la palabra clave.
En casa
Con ciertos verbos in tiene el significado de 'en casa' o 'en la casa': Only rich people have servants who live in. Solo los ricos tienen criados que viven en la casa. Wait in for a phone call. Espera en casa la llamada telefonica.
Drop in significa 'visitar a alguien de forma informal'. Pop in es el equivalente a 'entrar un momento' (visita rapida). Move in significa 'ir a vivir con alguien'.
EXERCISES
EXERCISE1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa log ejercicios 2, 3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI: 1. Facturar el equipaje 2. Conseguir que alguien entre 3. Teclear im numero 4. Enchufar la radio 5. Irse a vivir con alguien 6. Esperar a alquien
"EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. bring in key in 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. check in plug in come in rush in drive in sign in get in take in go in walk in UNIT 12 '
There was a knock at the door.' , Angus. It's not locked,' said Jules. 'But don't that dog I don't want hairs all over the carpet.' 'Sit here,' Angus said to the dog. 'Jules won't let me you ' The dog made a noise that sounded like 'Why?' Angus alone. Go over to the British Airways desk and your bags. Members may invite two guests but they must them first in the Visitors' Book. First insert your bank card, then your personal identification number (PIN). It's a 'drive-in' cinema, so let's The tickets for the concert are very expensive, but my cousin can us free. 'Fools where angels fear to tread.' They were sitting in the restaurant when two men with guns. That radio hasn't got a battery. You'll have to it
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. drop. in 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. live in move in (x2) pop in stay in wait in
I've got a lot of work to do, so I'm going to tonight. I can't meet you tomorrow morning. I've got to for an electrician. They had only been married three weeks when her mother decided to You can with us until your flat is ready. My next-door neighbour sometimes for a cup of coffee. They have a housekeeper who You must some time. We'd love to see you.
EXERCISE 4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. If you pop in to the bank, 2. If you move in with someone, 3. If you have urgent news to give someone, 4. If you drop in on a friend, 5. Before boarding a plane, A B c D E you start living in their house. you arrive unexpectedly, you usually have to check in. you go in to do some quick business. you might rush in to tell it to them.
UNIT12
Otros verbos sugieren algo parecido a 'absorber'. Por ejemplo, take On arriving, she took in the situation at a glance. in puede significar 'reAl llegar, ella se hizo cargo de la situation de un vistazo. gistrar mentalmente': El verbo sink (hundir) con in significa que algo esta siendo entendido lentamente. (Imaginese el azucar en la espuma de un cappuccino; hay un lapso de tiempo antes de ser absorbido): It finally sank in that she had gone for ever. Finalmente se hizo a la idea de que ella se habia ido para siempre. Breathe in (inspirar) es lo contrario de breathe out (expirar).
UN IT 13
Inclusion
In se usa con un numero de verbos para dar idea de 'incluir' o 'incorporar': You have to add in the time it takes to get to the airport. Times que anadir el tiempo que se tarda en llegar al aeropuerto. And of course, we have built in all the latest safety devices. Ypor supuesto, hemos incorporado todos los mas modernos aparatos de seguridad. Throw in significa incluir algo extra en una transaction comercial. Encontrar tiempo para algo en un calendario muy apretado es fit something in.
Participation
Ciertos verbos con in tienen el significado de 'participation' o ' involucrar': Rope someone in = Hacer que alguien se involucre un poco contra su voluntad (piensa en un lazo). Music? Theatre? I don't go in for that sort of thing. Musica? Teatro? No me atrae ese tipo decosas. She sang the first verse, then everyone joined in. Ella canto el primer verso, despues, todo el mundo se unio. If you're going to play cards count me in. Si vais ajugar a las cartas contad conmigo.
EXERCISES
EXERCISE 1
(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercidos 2, 3 y 4)
Busque los verbos frasales que corresponden a estos verbos L1: 1. Comprender, registrar (en mente) 4. Anadir, incorporar 2. Inspirar 5. Unirse a, juntarse con 3. Revolver anadiendo algo 6. Establecerse en
EXERCISE 2 Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. add in count in 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. breathe in sink in build in stir in come in take in drink in throw in fit in
UNIT13
I opened the window and the fresh, morning air. I looked at my feet in the bottom of the boat. Water was fast. He said nothing but his eyes everything. The importance of this piece of news didn't at first. She stood in the middle of the forest and the magical atmosphere. If you the cost of the petrol, it's not cheaper to go by car. If you're going to see the new film at the Ritzy, you can me Melt the butter and the flour carefully. If you buy this car, I'll a radio and CD player for the same price. The architect has a giant TV screen on the sitting-room wall. Our delivery man is in your area today. I'm sure he can you
EXERCISES
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. cash in come in draw in fall in join in rope in settle in suck in 1. The woman in red started to shout at the politician, then everybody 2. At university he with a group of poets. 3. They tried to me for a game of football, but I told them I wasn't fit. 4. I'm sure Jane will very quickly at her new school. 5. John and Martha were arguing like cats. When they tried to me , I went home. 6. We've got a syndicate for the National Lottery. Do you want to on it? 7. Mercedes were hoping to on the new market for small cars. 8. A lot of people were taking drugs. I didn't want to get
EXERCISE 4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. When the significance of something sinks in, 2. If you cash in on something, 3. When you settle in somewhere, 4. If you don't take in what you are reading, 5. If you get roped in for something, A you begin to feel at home. B you get involved slightly against your will. c you take advantage of it for profit. D you finally understand it. E you don't register it mentally.
Llenar/Completar
Algunos verbos con in tienen el sentido de 'llenar'. Ejemplos: Fill in a form. Colour in a drawing. Brick in a doorway. Rellenar un impreso. Colorear un dibujo. Tapiar una entrada.
UNIT14
Metaforicamente, se usa la frase fill someone in de esta manera: I'm not up to date with the sales figures. Can you fill me in? No estoy al dia con las cifras de las ventas. Me puedes informar?
Colapsar
Una importante categoria de verbos con in tiene el significado de 'colapsar' o 'rendirse': The floor gave in under the weight of the machine. El suelo cedio bajo el peso de la mdquina. The walls of the tunnel suddenly carved in. Lasparedes del tunel de repente cedieron. OK. Tell me the answer -1 give in. De acuerdo. Dime la respuesta - Me rindo.
EXERCISES
EXERCISE1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2,3 y 4) Busque los verbos ingleses frasales que corresponden a estos verbos LI: 1. Antes de que comience el tiempo 2. Introducir algo escalonadamente 3. Colorear un cuadro frio 4. Traer/instalar un nuevo sistema 5. Rellenar un impreso 6. Ceder ante alguien
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. brick in phase in bring in plaster in colour in set in come in tuck in fill in (x2)
UN IT14 1. Short skirts first in the 1920s, then again in the sixties. 2. The company will a new accounting system starting on 1st January. 3. The government planned to the use of nuclear power over a period of twenty years. 4. He used to to a hearty breakfast every morning at 5 o'clock. 5. My grandfather used to play a game of golf every morning until his illness 6. Would you be so kind as to this form? 7. They gave the children some drawings of clowns to 8. I'm going to talk to the directors about Far Eastern sales. Can you me on Korea? 9. They the side windows in the 19th century to avoid paying window tax. 10. He the gap between the door frame and the wall.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. cave in 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. fall in give in (x2) kick in
If you don't open this door, we're going to it Two men were trapped when the tunnel There was a cracking noise, then suddenly the roof Everybody laughed and stamped their feet. I was afraid the floor might. His wife was the dominant partner. He often found it easier to to her.
EXERCISE 4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. If you fill a person in (on something), 2. If you phase in a new system, 3. When you plaster in a gap, 4. When something gives in, 5. When winter sets in, A B c D E you fill it with plaster. it collapses under pressure. you give them the latest relevant details. you call this the 'onset' of winter. you introduce it by stages.
UNlT14
Muy en relation a esta notion es la idea de 'juntando/sujetando': Screw a handle on = Sujetar un mango con un tornillo (a screw). Glue the nose on = Pega laparte delantera con cola (glue). All the contestants must pin their numbers on. Todos los concursantes deben sujetar los numeros con un imperdible. UNIT15 On tambien se usa con otros verbos con la idea de 'adicion': The bill was expensive after they added on my phone calls. La factura subio mucho despues de que anadieran mis llamadas telefonicas. Don't take on too much work. You won't have time to do it properly. No cojas demasiado trabajo. No tendrds tiempo de hacerlo bien.
Comienzo
Muchos verbos con on dan la idea de comenzar (a veces de 'causar que algo comience'): Put on the lights. Enciende las luces. The fashion for paper dresses didn't catch on. La moda de los vestidos depapel no cuajo. What brought on all that sneezing? iQue ha ocasionado todos esos estornudos? I've got flue coming on. Estoy cogiendo la gripe. What's going on? Que estd sucediendo? I get on well with my mother-in-law. Me llevo bien con mi suegra.
EXERCISES
EX ER CISE 1
Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI: 1. Ponerse un vestido 2. No quitarse los zapatos 3. Coger demasiado trabajo 4. Poner/enchufar la radio 5. Trajo/ocasiono un catarro 6. Probarse una chaqueta
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. addon keep on put on take on (x2) try on UN 11 .**
1. Martha a red shirt with a blue and green skirt. She looked terrible. 2. This is a very nice suit, sir. Would you like to the jacket? y o u c ro a t s 3 .I t ' sc o l di nt h i sc l a s s r o o m I .s u g g e s ty o u thewineandthetip,it'sanexpensive 4.Thefoodisquitecheapbut,whenyou restaurant. 5. Looking after somebody else's children is a big responsibility to 6. It's difficult to say no. But I don't want to more work than I can do.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. bring on 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. catch on come on (x2) put on turn on
Atchoo! Atchoo! I think I've got a cold It's getting dark. Shall I the light ? The central heating will by itself at six o'clock. Every time I the radio, I hear that song. It was sitting by the open window that my cold. It's a clever invention but I don't think it will
EXERCISE4
UNIT15 Una los verbos frasales 1-6 con las oraciones A-F. A the service charge. Take on B a stamp. Switch on c a lot of work. Try on D clothes. Add on E the light. Stick on F with my mother-in-law. Get on
Algunos verbos son menos evidentes. Go on y carry on significan ambos 'continuar': He just went on reading the book as if nothing had happened. Siguid leyendo como si nada hubiera sucedido. Keep on trying significa 'no dejes de intentar'. Hold on y hang on ambos significan 'esperauntiempocorto': Stay on at school or university significa 'continua tus estudios mas alia de un minimo'. Get on with something significa 'continua despues de parar' o 'comienza despues de tergiversar'. Get on a veces tiene el sentido de progresar: Get on with it! We haven't got all day!' ' Sigue con eso! No tenemos todo el dm!' How are you getting on? Are you nearly ready? tComo vas? ^Estds ya listo? Nota: On no se usa generalmente (con el sentido de 'continuar') con un verbo transitivo (ej.: con un objeto). Se puede decir They played on (intransitivo). Pero no se puede decir They played on the game (transitivo). El significado 'ellos continuaron jugando el partido' se expresa con they carried on o They went on playing the game.
'
UNIT 16
Animo
On se usa con unos pocos verbos para indicar animo:
The spectators urged the runner on with cheers and shouts. Los espectadores animaron al corredor con gritos de animo. Come on Liverpool! Venga/dnimo Liverpool!
Actuacion/Desempeno
On se usa con unos pocos verbos con el sentido de 'en escena' o 'en el terreno de juego'. Porejemplo: Put on a play. Poner en escena una obra teatral. Bring on a substitute. Poner un sustituto.
EXERCISES
(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejerddos 2, 3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos: UNIT16 1. 2. 3. 4. jEspere un momento, por favor! jSiga intentandolo! jSiguecontutrabajo! Venga! 5. Seguirhaciendo algo 6. Poner en escena una obra teatral 7. Queechan?
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. carry on keep on 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. get on live on go on (x2) play on hang on stay on hold on
He said good morning and reading the newspaper. Stop talking, please, Terry, and with your work. I'll ringing the bell until he opens the door. Most people at school after the age of sixteen. I'll just see if she is in her office. Will you , please? 'Sudden death' means the two teams have to until someone scores a goal. The minister : 'And there will be no immediate rise in taxation...' The film too long, in my opinion. The person who can help you will be here soon. Can you for another five minutes? 10. Duke Ellington is dead, but his music will for ever.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. be on go on (x2) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. bring on put on cheer on come on (x2)
At rugby and football matches the spectators shout:' , England!' Spectators stood on both sides of the road to the marathon runners. The Opera House recently Puccini's 'La Boheme'. In the last five minutes of the match, the trainer decided to a substitute. What at the Apollo Theatre at the moment? The 'curtain call' is when the actors at the end of a play and the audience applauds. I don't know what behind closed doors, but they look very happy to me. There are hundreds of people standing outside the supermarket. What's ?
EXERCISE4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. She stayed on 2. The music lives on 3. The National Theatre puts on 4. I must get on with 5. Keep on A B c D E trying. at university. my homework. in my memory. six plays a year. UNIT16
Un uso especial de down con ciertos verbos se relaciona con comer y beber. 'Tragar algo rapidamente' es gulp it down, 'comer algo vorazmente' es wolf it down: UN IT17 He was so hungry' he wol fed down tow large pizzas. Tenia tanta hambre que devoro dos grandes pizzas.
Disminucion/Reduccion
Down se usa con muchos verbos para dar una idea de 'disminucion' o 'reduction'. Por ejemplo, settle down y calm down ambos significan 'calmarse'. Si quiere vender algo rapidamente, you bring the price down justed baja los precios). A continuation van mas ejemplos: Turn down the volume. Baja el volumen. I want to cut down on cigarettes, Quiero reducir el consumo de cigarrillos. All problems come down to love or money. Todos los problemas se reducen a amor o dinero. She stopped speaking till the noise died down. Dejo de hablar hasta que el ruido desaparecio.
EXERCISES1
EX E RC ISE1
(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2,3 y 4) a estos verbos LI: 7. Bajar el volumen 8. Calmarse 9. Las carcajadas se extinguieron
Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden 1. Dejar algo en el suelo 4. Bajar los precios 2. El sol se pone 5. Los precios descendieron 3. Echarse/tumbarse 6. Dejar de tomar azucar
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. come down keep down 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. fall down lie down go down put down gulp down wolf down jump down
I'm terribly tired. I'm going to on the sofa for half an hour. Mr Brown's office is on the sixth floor. I'll phone and ask him to to Reception. That bag is too heavy for you it I'll carry it. At this time of year, the sun at about 6 o'clock. The children stood on the wall and , one after another. That tree is completely dead. It's probably going to soon. Mary her coffee and ran out of the house with a croissant in her hand. For the first two months of her pregnancy she found it difficult to any food So she didn't have breakfast. 9. Until I was about thirty-five I could masses of fat and sugar, stay in bed all day and still stay thin. ~~ EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. bringdown die down calm down (x2) settle down come down (x3) turn down cut down (x2)
UNlT17
1. The temperature will sharply tonight. 2. That music is rather loud. Could you it , please? 3. There were hundreds of customers in the shop earlier this morning, but things have now. 4. The children were very excited, so I read them a story to them 5. Prices usually after Christmas. 6. The actor waited for the laughter to before he continued. 7. If sterling is weak, it the price of British products abroad. 8. The popularity of German cars to two things: good design and good quality. 9. I'm trying to on the number of cigarettes I smoke. 10. The doctor advised him to on fat and sugar. 11. The students chatted for a few minutes in the library, then they to work.
EXERCISE4
Una los verbos frasales 1-5 con las oraciones A-E. 1. Jump down A a noisy class of children. 2. Comedown B on cream and sugar. 3. Cut down c off a chair. 4. Bring down D from the top floor. 5. Calm down E the price.
UN IT 18 VERBS WITH DOWN (2) Derrota/Colapso/Destruccion Dejar de fimcionar/ Fracaso o fallo Grabacion/Atribucion a Derrota/Colapso/Destruccion
Un numero de verbos combina con down para dar idea de 'destruction' o en un sentido metaforico de 'derrota': We must stop cutting down the rainforests. Debemos dejar de talar los bosques. Accusations of fraud brought down the government. Las acusaciones defraude han derribado al gobiemo. UNIT18 Crack down on something y come down heavily on something ambos significan 'castigar severamente/ tomar medidas energicas contra'. Hay una idea de 'retroceder' en verbos tales como back down y climb down: His opponents were strong but the chairman refused to climb down. Sus oponentes eran fuertes pero elpresidente se nego a ceder. Los verbos keep down y stand down ambos significan 'retirarse' o 'ceder la position a alguien': The Prime Minister stepped down from office after just ten months. El primer ministro dejo el cargo justo despues de diez meses.
Grabacion/Atribucion a
Write down y take down ambos se pueden usar con el sentido de 'grabando' algo: Quick, write down his registration number! jDeprisa, anota la matricula! Notese que la segunda parte de la expresion go down (in history) se puede omitir: This match will go down as the most important of the season. Estepartido sera considerado como el mas importante de la temporada. Proverbio: what do you put it down to? Significa ' ,a que lo achacas?'
UNlT18
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. backdown knock down 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. break down cut down crack down shoot down turn down step down
They some beautiful villas to build office blocks in their place. For every tree we , we should plant another. 'If the door is locked, we'll it ,' said the policeman. Saddam threatened to the US planes. The police should on the drug dealers, not just the users. I would be the first person to an unrealistic idea. Seven years as prime minister is enough for me. I will next month. Her critics were strong and numerous but she refused to
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. be down * put down (x2) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. breakdown take down closedown go down let .down turn down (x2) writedown
I was driving along the motorway when, suddenly, the car After twenty-five years, the shop finally in April. I can't give you a copy of the report just now. My computer I wanted a job as a fireman, but they my application. When he came out of prison, he applied for a job as a teacher, but they him We're counting on you to buy the tickets, so please don't us We all every word the professor said. He'll in history as the meanest employer who ever lived. Some people his success to intelligence and hard work, but I it to luck. If you have a problem with a taxi, you can the driver's number.
UNlT18
EXERCISE4
Una los verbos frasales 1-5 con las oraciones A-E. A as president. Go down B a building. Turn down c in history. Step down D someone's address. Pull down E an application for a job. Take down
Sin rumbo Por todos los sitios Girar/Darse la vuelta Visitar Sin rumbo
Las particulas about y around se usan (lo mismo una que otra) con ciertos verbos para anadir la idea de 'sin rumbo fijo' (haciendo algo que no tiene la seguridad de tener exito o beneficio). Verbos muy comunes son: sit around, stand around, lie around, hang around, mess around (encordiando) y fiddle around (perder el tiempo). Stick around significa'noirselejos': They stand around all day outside the underground station. Sepasan el diafuera de la estacion del metro. We haven't got time to mess about. No tenemos tiempo que perder/ No podemos perder el tiempo de esa manera. About se usa con come con un sentido de 'suceder' y con bring con un sentido de sensacion de 'hacer que algo suceda': They've split up! How did that come about? jSe han separado! Comopuede haber sucedido? I don't know what brought about her sudden change in attitude towards me. No se lo que haproducido su repentino cambio de actitud hacia mi.
Por
UNIT19 '
Around (o about) se usa con ciertos verbos para anadir la ideade'portodo': A menudo da una idea de 'esparcir':
Don't leave your books around. Put them away. No dejes tus libros por ahi. Recogelos.
Shop around significa 'vete a muchas tiendas diferentes a fin de encontrar algo'. Hand something around (o pass something around) significa 'pasa algo a alguien en la habitation'. Tambien se puede decir hand round y pass round.
Girar/Darse la vuelta
Round o around se puede usar (indistintamente) con algunos verbos con el significado de 'girar'. For ejemplo, turn round (darse la vuelta), look round (echar un vistazo), spin round (hacer girar). Win someone round significa 'hacerles ver tu punto de vista'.
Visitar
Come round, go round y call round significan todos ellos 'visitar la casa de un vecino'.
EXERCISES
v (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercidos 2, 3 y 4) 5. No mires a tu alrededor 6. Ven despues de cenar 7. Las noticias se divulgaron Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos L1: 1. 2. 3. 4. Merodear, estar por ahi (sin hacer nada) Me sigue por todos los sitios Hacer compras Ensenar fotos
UN IT19 *
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. follow around mess around sit around get around (x2) pass round stand around (x2) leave around run around stick around shop around
1. On Sundays I always used to doing nothing. Nowadays, I spend most Sundays working. 2. There were one or two me in the bus station who obviously weren't waiting for a bus. 3. At a cocktail party you have to and make polite conversation. 4. If you outside the theatre long enough, somebody may buy your extra ticket. 5. Stop ! There's work to be done. 6. Before my sister's wedding, my mother spent the whole morning like a headless chicken. 7. Photographers her wherever she goes. 8. - New York on Monday, Paris on Wednesday. Tomorrow I'm going to Rome. - You certainly ' 9. My little sister always her books and clothes lying She's very untidy. 10. To get the cheapest price, you have to 11. Susanna her photos for everyone to see. 12. The news that she had left her husband.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. bring round look round 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. call round spin round come round turn round (x2) go round win round
If you , I'll brush the back of your jacket for you. Don't just now. I don't want her to know we're talking about her. They used to locomotives on an enormous disc called a turntable. How do ballet dancers so fast without getting dizzy? The audience hated him at first but in the end he them We're to see Jim. Why don't you come with us? If you after supper, we can do the homework together. I like it when people unexpectedly, so I always keep something extra in the fridge. He has fallen in love with your sister and wants you to her to his house one day.
EXERCISE4
Una los verbos frasales 1-5 con las oraciones A-E. 1. Shop around A to my house. 2. Come round B doing nothing. 3. Lie around c for a good price. 4. Pass round D on your heels. 5. Spin round E the photocopies. UNIT19
Quitar/Disponer
Away combina con muchos verbos para dar la idea de 'quitar' o 'disponer'. Muchas de estas combinaciones de verbos son sencillamente metaforicas extensiones de la idea: throw a pair of shoes (tirar un par de zapatos) es verdaderamente tirarlos (lanzarlos), pero throw the shoes away (tirar los zapatos) puede significar sencillamente tirarlos a la basura. Give something away significa 'dar algo sin obtener nada a cambio'. Give a secret away significa divulgar algo (quiza por equivocation). He aqui otros ejemplos: La expresion corriente Get away with something, signi- Take that cigarette a^j. It's making me sneeze. .Quita ese cigarnllo. Me esta haciendo estornudar. fica tener exito en hacer algo His confldence drained away. pehgroso sm dano o castigo'. Su confianzafue desapareciendo. The crowd soon got bored and drifted away. La muchedumbre pronto se aburrio y se alejo.
EXERCISES
EXERCISE1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejerdcios 2, 3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a los verbos L1: 1. Escaparse 4. Tirar algo 2. Despedir a alguien/Mandar a alguien con cajas destempladas 5. Remolcar un coche 3. Mantenerse alejado (no acercarse) 6. Escapar
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. back away fly away run away (x2) scare away 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. get away stay away go away keep away turn away (x2)
The doormen will anybody who doesn't have a ticket for the concert. I know it's closing time but I don't want to customers When I opened the window the bird on the tree The boy stole the lady's handbag and as fast as he could. An alarming number of children from home before the age of eleven. As I approached the dog it began to , watching me suspiciously as it went. Farmers put scarecrows in the middle of their fields to the birds 'I never want to see you again , and !' she said. I've got a terrible cold. You'd better from me. What! You've lost two prisoners? How did they ?
EXERCISE 3
C o m p e lt ea l sf r a s e sc o a ln f o r m ac o r r e c t ad eu v n e r b of r a s a ld e c a a ls a l i.
UNIT20
If you leave your car there, the police will come and it When I cleared the table last night I one of the spoons by mistake. We live in a society where people too many things Just leave the bottles outside your door and somebody will them the morning. He all his money on horse races. Confidence in the government began to _ The police the protesters A lot of magazines free samples of perfume and shampoo. Heavy rain the new paint on the wall.
in
EXERCISE 4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. If you turn someone away, 2. If you talk the night away, 3. If you keep away from something, 4. If you give something away, 5. If you get away with something, A B c D E you don't go near it. you receive nothing in return. you don't let them come in. there are no unpleasant consequences. you talk till morning.
UNIT21
Ausencia/Viaje
Be away significa 'estar ausente' (o bien de viaje o enfermo). Go away a menudo significa 'irse de vacaciones', y get away puede significar 'encontrar el tiempo de ; irse de vacaciones': We were very busy last summer, but we got away for a week in September. Estuvimos muy ocupados el verano pasado, pero nosfuimos una semana en septiembre.
Notese que la preposition at se usa para el enfoque de la actividad: The cat was scratching away at the door post. El gato estaba aranando elposte de lapuerta. Y notese esta expresion con get: get carried away (se dejo llevar).
PK:
EXERCISES
(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2,3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI: 1. Guardar/apartar algun dinero 4. No te dejes llevar 2. Guardar la vajilla 5. Le gusta encerrarse 3. El esta fuera en este momento
EXERCISE 1
"EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. be away (x2) lock away clear away put away (x2) get away shut away go away todu away UNIT21
1. If you do the washing-up, I'll dry the things and them 2. Before leaving her desk, Jane liked to everything into the drawers. 3. The writer himself in his study for eight hours every day until the book was finished. 4. His grandmother said he should some money for his old age. 5. It doesn't help children if their parents them from the realities of the world. 6. Are you this Christmas? 1. We didn't last summer. We spent the holiday painting our flat. 8. 'I'm afraid Mr Jones at the moment. He'll be in the office on Friday.' 9. 'You're going to China tomorrow! How wonderful! How long will you ?' 10. During the speech, waiters came and the dirty plates and dishes.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. flash away 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. get carried away polish away talk away workaway at her windows.
A police car passed us with its blue light The woman from the flat next door was standing on a chair John was at his Maths homework. The students were in the classroom. - We've won! We've won the lottery! -Don't It's only 20.
UNIT21
EXERCISE 4 Una los verbos frasales 1-5 con las oraciones A-E. 1. Put away A at a keyboard. 2. Tap away B some money (for a rainy day). 3. Workaway c for a holiday. 4- Getaway D your valuables. 5. Lock away E at a problem.
Otras combinaciones corrientes son: push something over (empujar algo para que se caiga); blow something over (soplar algo para que se caiga), y topple over (hacer caer algo pesado). Turn over y tip over significan 'volcar': The demostrators turned over the cars in the street. Los manifestantes volcaron los caches en la calle. Don't stand in the boat or you'll tip it over. No te pongas de pie en el bote o lo volcards.
Cambio/Transferencia
Over se combina con ciertos verbos para dar idea de cambio o transferencia (a menudo 'cambio de propietario'). Por ejemplo: Mohammed Al Said took over Harrods in 1985. Mohammed Al Said se hizo cargo de Harrods en 1985. Keep quiet and hand over your money! Estense qmetos y entreguen el dinero! Jaguar wants to win customers over from Mercedes. Jaguar quiere ganarse los clientes de Mercedes. The plan was to change over to the Euro in 1999. El plan era cambiar al euro en 1999. Move over. You're taking up too much space. Muevete. Estds ocupando demasiado sitio.
EXERCISES
EXERICE 1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejerddos 2, 3 y 4)
Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos L1: 1. Tirar/derribar un vaso 4. Hacerse cargo como director 2. Ser atropellado 5. Ganarse a alguien (su confianza) 3. Entregar tu dinero (a la fuerza)
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. blowover(x2) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. fall over (x2) knock over (x2) run over (x3)
As she walked past our table, she a vase with her handbag. The poor man was by a bus on his thirty-first birthday. Every time the little boy , he just laughed and got up again. The big willow tree in the middle of the field was in the storm. The waiter a glass, spilling wine all over the woman's silk dress. My mother used to say: 'Always wear clean underwear in case you are by a bus.' 7. There is a noticeboard outside the restaurant, but the wind it about ten times a day. 8. The clown couldn't take three steps without 9. The parachutist landed in the middle of the airport runway and was immediately ..... by a jumbo-jet.
EXERCISE 3 UNIT22
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. change over 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. hand over (x3) take over (x3) win over (x3)
:
A financier from London their family business two years ago. Hoddle from Venables as manager of the England football team in 1997. I've got a gun in my pocket _ all your money! On his seventieth birthday, the chairman of the company the job to his son. At election time, politicians need to as many new supporters as they can. Our company is losing money. We need to new customers. I don't like the idea of my children to a nanny while I go out to work. In 1967, Sweden from driving on the left to driving on the right. At first, the audience booed and shouted at the actor, but in the end he them Many British people were surprised when VW Rolls Royce.
EXERCISE 4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. A new management team 2. The old oak tree was 3. On the day he retired, the poor man was 4. I was taking out a jacket when the wardrobe 5. In the accident, the car A B c D E turned over. took over the company. fell over. run over by a bus. blown over.
Cubriendo/Escondiendo
Unos pocos verbos se usan con over para mostrar que algo esta cubierto o escondido: The sky clouded over. El cielo se cubrio. The artist didn't like the necklace so he painted it over. Al artista no le gusto el collar asi que lo volvio apintar. Si no, use cover something over with... como en este ejemplo: We covered the holes over with wallpaper. Cubrimos los agujeros con papel de empapelar.
Terminado
Be over significa 'estar acabado' como en: The party's over. La fiesta se ha acabado.
Blow over sugiere que las tormentas y las nubes se disipan, se usa metaforicamente para problemas, discusiones y malos tiempos. Si presta dinero a alguien... 'to tide him over', significa 'hasta que el periodo sin dinero seacabe'. Get something over with significa 'terminar con algo'.
A la casade alguien
Over tiene el sentido de 'la casa de alguien' o a esa persona, en estas combinaciones: invite someone over (invitar a alguien); go over (ir alia); come over (venir, acudir), etc.
EXERCISES
EXCRCISE UNlT23 1. 1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2, 3 y 4) 5. 6. 7. 8. Pintaralgo El partido no ha terminado El cielo se nublo Terminemos con ello Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos L1: Buscarunpiso 2. Darle vueltas a algo, pensar en algo 3. Hablar sobre algo 4. Invitar a alguien a que venga
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. cloud over paint over cover over talk over freeze over think over look over
1. Would you this report before I give it to the manager? 2. You have twenty-four hours to our proposal Phone us if you accept the terms. 3. I want to this with my wife before I give you an answer. 4. When the sky began to , we left the beach and went back to the hotel. 5. First, the painters the tables and chairs with sheets. 6. In winter, the canal sometimes and then we all go skating on it. 7. Municipal workers the graffitti before the Queen arrived.
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un verbo frasal de la casilla. be over get it over with 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. blow over invite over come over (x2) tide over
We sometimes have terrrible arguments in our family, but they always very quickly. Can you lend me a little money to me until the end of the month? Take the tooth out now. I'd like to _ You must and see us some time. Dad, I've some friends on Saturday. Is that OK? I didn't know what to say when the Princess and spoke to me. When the match , the players all exchanged shirts.
UNIT23
EXERCISE4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. The stream always used to 2. These problems will soon 3. Fifty pounds will be enough to 4. The sky is beginning to 5. What time will the celebrations A B c D E cloud over. freeze over, be over? tide me over. blow over.
UN1T24
Give something back Put something back Take something back Send something back
Notese tambien:
Don't lend him any money. You'll never get it back. No leprestes dinero. No lo recuperards nunca.
Respondiendo/Reciprocidad
Una idea mas que da la palabra back es la de 'reciprocidad' o 'respuesta': He smiled at her and she smiled back. El le sonrio y ella le devolvio la sonrisa. I'll phone you back in five minutes. Te telefoneare dentro de cinco minutos.
EXERCISE 1
(Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2, 3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI: 1. Eso me lleva a mis buenos tiempos 4. Mirar hacia atras 2. Eso me trae recuerdos 5. Volar/coger un avion de vuelta 3. Ponlos en su sitio 6. Devolver (dinero) EXERCISES
EXERCISE 2
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un drop back go back (x2) look back push back verbo frasal de la casilla. stand back (x2) take back think back tie back 1 , please! Let the ambulance men pass. 2. It's important to and consider things objectively. 3. When you work with this machine, you must your hair 4. 'Don't talk to me like that,' he said, and John with the palm of his hand. 5. The British runner is not doing so well in the race now. He's _ 6. The Minister's friendship with the actress to their schooldays together. 7. A flashback is a scene in which the film to an earlier stage of the story. 8. 'Ah, that music me !' said Grandma. 'Your mother used to play that on the piano.' 9. 'When did you last see the victim?'said the policeman.' ' 10. When I on those years, I realize they were the happiest years of my life. Complete las frases con be back bring back (x2) put back come back (x2) la forma correcta de un fly back go back . pay back verbo frasal de la casilla. ring back send back smile back write back 1. If the goods are not in perfect condition when they arrive, them to us. 2 ! All is forgiven! 3. We took the train to Paris but because we were in a hurry, we decided to 4. I'm just going out for a bite of lunch. I'll at two o'clock. 5. You can borrow these books for three weeks, but please this one tomorrow. 6. Ah, this music wonderful memories. 7. She thought about the chocolates for a few seconds, then them on the shelf. 8. My brother's on holiday at the moment. He's on Saturday. 9. When are you to your country? 10. You can borrow my pen, but please it It's the only one I've got. 11. Stay by the telephone. I'll you immediately. 12. When you smile at people, they usually 13. I wrote and asked for an explanation, but the company didn't 14. I lent him 30, but he never it EXERCISE 4 Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. Bring back A the money you owe. 2. Payback B your chair. 3. Go back c later.
UNIT24 "
EXERCISES
Separacion
UNIT25 Apart tambien combina con algunos I hate it when we are apart verbos para dar la Detesto el que estemos separados. sensation de 'sepaHer quick intelligence always set her apart from the others. rar' o 'distinguir': Su rapidez intelectual siempre le hacia distanciarse de los demos.
Completar/A conciencia
Unos pocos verbos combinan con through para dar una idea de completar algo o hacerlo a conciencia. Estos verbos a menudo estan conectados con planes, proyectos, estrategias, discusiones, etc. Carry a project through, por ejemplo, significa conseguir que un proyecto tenga un fin exitoso. Talk something through significa 'hablar sobre ello en detalle'. Notese estos otros usos metaforicos: I agreed to do it, so I'm going to go through with it. Acepte hacerlo, asi que voy a seguir adelante con ello. His plan /f// through for lack of money. Suplan se vino abajo por falta de dinero.
EXERCISE1 (Haga esto al mismo tiempo que completa los ejercicios 2, 3 y 4) Busque los verbos frasales ingleses que corresponden a estos verbos LI: 1. Desguazar, desmontar algo 5. Llevar a cabo un proyecto 2. Caerse en pedazos 6. No puedo coger linea (telefono) 3. Crecieron aparte 7. El plan fracaso 4. No puedo diferenciarlos
EXERCISES
EXERCISE
Complete las frases con la forma correcta de un come apart fall apart (x2) grow apart pul1 apart verbofrasaldelacasilla. set apart (x2) take apart tear apart tell apart 1. The repairer the clock and cleaned all the pieces. 2. We gave the child a cheap toy car for Christmas, but it when he sat on it. 3. I'm sorry about your sunglasses. They just in my hands. 4. The lion jumped on the antelope and it 5. After he lost his job, his life began to 6. The two boys were fighting in the kitchen. Their mother tried to them 7. A Ferrari will you from the crowd. 8. Her parents were happy together for a few years, but then they began to 9. What him from other footballers is his speed in front of the goal. 10. The twins are identical. Only their mother can them
UNIT25
EXERCISE 3
Complete las frases con carry through fall through get through go through la forma correcta de un put through think through talk through verbo frasal de la casilla. 1. It's a wonderful plan, and John O'Connor is the right man to the plan _ 2. 'I can't with it,' she said. 'I know I promised, but I can't marry him.' 3. I accepted a job in Rome, learned Italian and sold my London flat, but the day before I left England, the job 4. Before I agree to your proposal, there are one or two points that I would like to with you. 5. Before we ask the bank to lend us money, we need to our marketing strategy more clearly. 6. - Could I speak to Pamela Stone, please - on extension 3452? - Hold on a moment, please. I'll you 7. - Hello, Pamela. It's Joan speaking. I've been trying to to you all morning. - Sorry. I've had a lot of calls.
EXERCISE 4
Una las dos mitades de las frases. 1. The plan 2. The receptionist 3. Nobody can 4. The old book 5. They were once friends but they A B c D E will put you through to me. fell apart in his hands. fell through. grew apart. tell the sisters apart.
REVISION
Come, go, bring, take, put, y get son los verbos mas comunes que combinan con particulas. Las cinco paginas siguientes estan dedicadas a ejercicios que practican las combinaciones con estos verbos asi como con los verbos turn y keep. Las frases de estos ejercicios estan cogidas de las primeras paginas del libro. Esto significa que se pueden comprobar las respuestas. Si pone una respuesta equivocada vuelva a la pagina donde trata la particula correcta y busque en el ejemplo. Los numeros de las paginas donde salen las frases se dan en parentesis despues de cada frase. Por cada ejercicio, complete las frases con las particulas correctas en las casillas.
1. - Nobody eats meat any more in our house. - Oh, how did that come ? (42) 2. All problems come to love or money. (38) 3. Atchoo! Atchoo! I think I've got a cold coming (35) 4. Come ! All is forgiven! (53) 5. Come , Liverpool! Come , Liverpoo l! (36) 6. I miss you. Come soon. (52) 7. He tried to open the door but the handle came in his hand. (23) 8. His attempt to break the record didn't come (26) 9. I'm sorry about your sunglasses. They just came in my hands. (55) 10. I didn't know what to say when the Princess came and spoke to me. (51)
EXERCISE 2
up(x3) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. in (x2) up(x3) out on I know you're in there! Come with your hands up! (14) It's coming to five o'clock now and he hasn't shown up. (9) John is not very tall. He only comes to his brother's shoulder. (8) I looked at my feet in the bottom of the boat. Water was coming fast. (31) Mr Brown's office is on the sixth floor. I'll phone him and ask him to come to Reception. (39) Prices usually come after Christmas. (39) The 'curtain call' is when the actors come at the end of a play and the audience applauds. (37) The fashion for jeans came after the war. (32) The match didn't come to expectations. (8) The popularity of German cars comes to two things: good design and good quality. (39)
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EXERCISE 1 down (x2) out off back (x2) through on
1. 'Go to square one' means return to the starting point. (52) 2. A flashback is a scene in which the film goes to an earlier stage of the story. (53) 3. A terrorist bomb was discovered outside the palace but it didn't go (23) 4. At this time of the year, the sun goes at about six o'clock. (39) 5. Don't go without a raincoat. (14) 6. He'll go in history as the meanest employer who ever lived. (41) 1. He just went reading the book as if nothing had happened. (36) 8. I agreed to do it, so I'm going to go with it. (54)
EXERCISE 2
down
to me.
away
(37)
in
out (x2)
back
up (x2)
on (x2)
ReVISION 2. I never want to see you again. Go , and stay away! she said. (45) 3. If you go with someone, that person is your boyfriend or girlfriend. (14) 4. If you leave a cigarette in an ashtray, it doesn't go , but a cigar does. (17) 5. Music? Theatre? I don't go for that sort of thing. (30) 6. Susan went to the tennis player and asked him for his autograph. (8) 7. The cost of living goes every year. (7) 8. The film goes too long, in my opinion. (37) 9. The Irish problem goes to the 17th century. (52) 10. This match will go as the most important of the season. (40)
Accusations of fraud brought the government. (40) Ah, this music brings wonderful memories. (53) Don't bring that dog I don't want hairs all over the carpet. (29) He has fallen in love with your sister and he wants you to bring her to his house one day. (43) I'm glad you brought that question. (7) I don't know what brought her sudden change in attitude towards me. (42) If I have children, I want to bring them in the country. (7) If sterling is weak, it brings the price of British products abroad. (39) If you want to sell something quickly, you bring the price (38)
EXERCISE 2
up in (x2) on (x2) back of 1. In the last five minutes of the match, the trainer decided to bring a substitute. (37) 2. It was sitting by the open window that brought my cold. (35) 3. The company will bring a new accounting system starting on 1st January. (33) 4. The Italian jockey brought the incredible feat of winning all seven races in one afternoon. (26) 5. The new manager brought a more attacking style of play. (32) 6. Then he brought the embarrassing subject of money. (7) 7. You can borrow these books for three weeks, but please bring this one tomorrow. (53)
EXERCISE
on (x2) away back out (x2) in apart over 1. It's difficult to say no, but I don't want to take more work than I can do. (35) 2. Looking after somebody else's children is a big responsibility to take 3. Many British people were surprised when VW took Rolls Royce. 4. On arriving, she took the situation at a glance. (30) 5. Students may only take five library books. (16) 6. Take that cigarette ! It's making me sneeze. (44) 7. That smell takes me to my first school. (52) 8. The dentist took my wisdom teeth. (16) 9. The repairer took the clock and cleaned all the pieces. (55)
(35) (49)
EXERCISE 2
up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. in (x2) on (x2) away (x2) over REVISION She doesn't get very well with her mother-in-law. (34) Stop talking, please, Terry, and get with your work. (37) Take the tooth out now. I'd like to get it with. (51) The exhibition was by invitation only, but Charles got me (28) The tickets for the concert are very expensive, but my cousin can get us free. (29) 6. We didn't get last summer. We spent the holiday painting our flat. (47) 7. What time do you want to get tomorrow morning? (7) 8. What! You've lost two prisoners! How did they get ? (45)
EXERCISE 2
up out (x2) on down (x2) back 1. She thought about the chocolates for a few seconds, then put them on the shelf. (53) 2. Susanna put her hand to ask the teacher a question. (6) 3. That bag is too heavy for you. Put it I'11 carry it. (39) 4. The fire service fought all night to put the fire (17) 5. The Opera House recently put Puccini's 'La Boheme'. (37) 6. The public relations department put a press release to calm people's fears. (19) 1. I wonder why he did that? What do you put it to? (40)
(50)
ANSWERS
I VERBS WITH
UP(l) EXERCISE 1 1 bring up 2 dig up 3 get up 4 go up 5 look up 6 pick up 7 turn up 8 bring up 9 build up 10 grow up I1 heat up 12 hurry up 13 speak up 14 turn up 15 warm up EXERCISE 2 picked up lifted up look up dug up put up 6 turned up 7 brought up 8 get up 9 goes up 10 brought up EXERCISE 3 1 turned up brighten up build up bring ... up speak up 6 grew up 7 hurry up 8 warm up 9 h e a t . . . up 10 work up EXERCISE 4 1 A/C 2 H 3 D 4 G 5 E/F 6 B
8 turns up/shows up 9 show up/turn up 10 walked up EXERCISE 3 1 led up/leads up 2 came up 3 drove up 4 shown up 5 coming up 6 shown up 7 face up EXERCISE 4 1E-2D-3C-4B 5 E/F 6 A
EXERCISE 3 1 end up 2 wash ... up 3 filled... up 4 shut up 5 cover up 6 fill up EXERCISE 4 1 mess up 2 blow up 3 smashed up 4 tripped up 5 shook... up
3 ruled out 4 keep ... out 5 keep out 6 cut out 7 shut out 8 missed out 9 takeout EXERCISE 3 1 go out 2 stamp out 3 die out 4 put. . . out 5 stub ... out 6 wipe out 7 running out 8 run out 9 knocked out 10 squeezing out 11 sold out EXERCISE 4 1C-2A-3D-4E 5B
ANSWERS
4 VERBS WITH
UP (4) EXERCISE 1
1 end up 2 fill up 3 cover up 4 tear up 5 trip up 6 blow up 7 drink up 8 shut up EXERCISE 2 1 used up 2 eat up 3 dries up 4 tore up 5 drank up 6 burn up
5 single out 6 make out 7 watch out 8 listen out EXERCISE 2 1 picked out singled out point out 4 watch out 5 watch out 6 watch out 7 look out 8 listening out 9 point out EXERCISE 3 find out figure out make out 4 work out 5 make out 6 work out EXERCISE 4 1B-2E-3D-4A-5C
4 cut off 5 call off 6 keep off 7 fight off 8 wear off 9 work off EXERCISE 2 1 switch off/turn off 2 broke off 3 break off 4 turn off/switch off 5 ring off 6 cut off 7 called off 8 ease off 9 wear off 10 work off 11 cool off 12 dropped off EXERCISE 3 1 stave off 2 keep off 3 fight off 4 warn off 5 hold off EXERCISE 4 I C-2E-3A-4D-5B
4 went in 5 check in 6 sign... in 7 key in 8 drive in 9 g e t . . . in 10 rush in 11 walked in 12 p l u g . . . in EXERCISE 3 1 stay in 2 wait in 3 move in 4 move in 5 drops in/pops in 6 lives in 7 drop in/pop in EXERCISE 4 1D-2A-3E-4B-5C
4 tuck in 5 set in 6 fill in 7 colour in 8 fill... in 9 bricked in 10 plastered in EXERCISE 3 1 kick ... in 2 caved in 3 fell in 4 give in 5 give in EXERCISE 4 1C-2E-3A-4B-5D
1 polished off 2 went off 3 dashed off 4 round off 5 finish off 6 brought... off 7 come off EXERCISE 3 1 cordoned off 2 fence off 3 block off 4 partitioned off 5 cut off EXERCISE 4 1D-2C-3A-4E-5B
14 VERBS WITH
IN(3) EXERCISE 1
1 sets in 2 phase in 3 colour in 4 bring in 5 fill in 6 give in EXERCISE 2 1 came in 2 bring in 3 phase in
10 VERBS WITH
OFF (2) EXERCISE 1
1 switch off 2 break off 3 ring off
EXBRCISE 3
broke down closed down is down turned down turned . . . down let ... down wrote down go down put . . . down/put . . . down 10 take down EXERCISE 4 1C-2E-3A-4B-5D
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
5 run away 6 back away 7 scare . . . away 8 go away/stay away 9 keep away 1 0 get away EXERCISE 3 1 tow . . . away 2 threw away 3 throw . . . away 4 take . . . away 5 gambled . . . away 6 ebb away 7 dragged . . . away 8 give away 9 washed away EXERCISE 4 1 C-2E-3A-4B 5D
EXERCISE 3 1 took over 2 took over 3 Hand over 4 handed . . . over 5 win over 6 win over 7 handing . . . over 8 changed over 9 won .. . over 10 took over EXERCISE 4 1B-2E-3D-4C 5A
21 VERBS WITH
AWAY (2) EXERCISE 1 1 put away 2 put away 3 be away 4 carry away 5 shut away EXERCISE 2 1 put . . . away 2 tidy . . . away 3 locked . . . away 4 put . . . away 5 shut . . . away 6 going away 7 get away 8 is away 9 be away 10 cleared away EXERCISE 3 1 flashing away 2 polishing away 3 working away 4 talking away 5 get carried away EXERCISE 4 1B-2A-3E'4C 5D
A N S W E R S
22 VERBS WITH
OVER (1) EXERCISE 1 1 knock over 2 run over 3 hand over 4 take over 5 win over EXERCISE 2 1 knocked over 2 run over 3 fell over 4 blown over 5 knocked over 6 run over 7 blows . . . over 8 falling over 9 run over
EXERCISE 3 1 send . . . back 2 come back 3 flyback 4 be back 5 bring . . . back 6 brings back 7 put. . . back 8 coming back 9 going back 10 give . .. back 11 ring . .. back 12 smile back 13 write back 14 paid . . . back
EXERCISE 4 1D-2A-3E-4B 5C
6 get through 7 fall through EXERCISE 2 1 took .. . apart 2 fell apart/came apart 3 came apart/fell apart 4 tore . . . apart 5 fall apart 6 pull. . . apart 7 s e t . . . apart 8 grow apart 9 sets . . . apart 10 tell. . . apart
EXERCISE 3 1 carry . . . through go through 3 fell through 4 talk through 5 think . . . through 6 put. . . through 7 get through EXERCISE 4 1 C-2A-3E-4B 5D
REVISION
PHRASAL VERBS WITH COME . . . EXERCISE 1
1 about 2 down 3 on A N S W E R S 4 back 5 on/on 6 back 7 off 8 off 9 apart 10 over EXERCISE 2 1 out 2 up 3 up 4 in 5 down 6 down 7 on 8 in 9 up 10 down
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 out out in up up on back down
PHRASAL VERBS
WITH GET . . . EXERCISE 1 1 in 2 around 3 back 4 through 5 on 6 on 7 away EXERCISE 2 1 on 2 on 3 over 4 in 5 in 6 away 7 up 8 away
PHRASAL VERBS
WITH GO ... EXERCISE 1 1 back 2 back 3 off 4 down 5 out 6 down 7 on 8 through EXERCISE 2 1 on 2 away
PHRASAL VERBS
WITH PUT . . . EXERCISE 1 1 through 2 away