How to Sing Down the Presence and Power of God

Rev. Thomas L. Pedigo

Published and Distributed by:

Winning Edge Publications, Inc. 2440 Willow Glen Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80920-1200

Copyright 2004 by Thomas L. Pedigo

All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher. The publisher or author disclaims any personal loss or liability caused by utilization of any information presented herein.

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Table of Contents

Table of Contents.................................................................................................................4 News Release.......................................................................................................................6 Acknowledgements..............................................................................................................9 Preface with Purpose..........................................................................................................11 Introductory Presentation...................................................................................................17 Chapter 1............................................................................................................................21 In Defense of Definition....................................................................................................21 Chapter 2............................................................................................................................25 Two Kinds of Musical Traditions and Torment................................................................25 Chapter 3............................................................................................................................28 Problems: ..........................................................................................................................28 Practicalities, Preachers & Pre-Service..............................................................................28 Chapter 4............................................................................................................................30 Possible Pastoral Scenarios................................................................................................30 Chapter 5............................................................................................................................32 Ritual or Relationship?......................................................................................................32 Chapter 6............................................................................................................................34 The Pattern Presented........................................................................................................34 Chapter 7............................................................................................................................38 Tabernacle and Temple Background.................................................................................38 Chapter 8............................................................................................................................42 The Three Principles of Temple Patterned Progression....................................................42 Chapter 9............................................................................................................................45 Understanding the Presence Principles..........................................................................45 Chapter 10..........................................................................................................................47 Denominational Duels or Duets?.......................................................................................47 Chapter 11..........................................................................................................................51 Dearth or Dynamism?........................................................................................................51 Chapter 12..........................................................................................................................55 Outer Court Music.............................................................................................................55 Traditional Outer Court Music.......................................................................................58 A Traditional Challenge.................................................................................................61 Contemporary Outer Court Musings.............................................................................63 Contemporary Outer Court Music.................................................................................66 Minor Key/Jewish-Sounding Contemporary Songs:.....................................................67 Outer Court Music Procedures.......................................................................................67 Chapter 13..........................................................................................................................69 Inner Court (or Holy Court) Music....................................................................................69 Traditional Inner Court Music.......................................................................................70 Contemporary Inner Court Music..................................................................................71 Chapter 14..........................................................................................................................75
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Holy of Holies Music.........................................................................................................75 Experiential Observations..............................................................................................77 Holy Happenings...........................................................................................................79 Entering In.....................................................................................................................82 Inner Court Flowing into Holy of Holies Songs............................................................83 Contemporary Holy of Holies Songs.............................................................................83 My SPECIAL Holy of Holies Song Selection:..............................................................84 Traditional Holy of Holies Moments.............................................................................85 Traditional Holy of Holies Hymns:...............................................................................87 Chapter 15..........................................................................................................................89 Holy of Holies Moments and Silence.............................................................................89 A Holy Expectancy........................................................................................................90 A Holy Hush..................................................................................................................92 Chapter 16..........................................................................................................................95 Blended Services................................................................................................................95 QUESTION #4...................................................................................................................97 Chapter 17........................................................................................................................101 Practical Progression Pattern...........................................................................................101 Traditional or Liturgical Church Setting......................................................................101 Song Selection Seriousness..........................................................................................102 Contemporary Church Setting.....................................................................................104 Chapter 18........................................................................................................................107 Worship Progression Detractions....................................................................................107 Chapter 19........................................................................................................................113 Pondering Preaching & Pandering Preachers..................................................................113 Chapter 20........................................................................................................................118 The Worship Pastor or Director of Music........................................................................118 The Mission.................................................................................................................119 The Calling...................................................................................................................121 The Focus.....................................................................................................................123 The Leading.................................................................................................................125 Chapter 21........................................................................................................................128 Effective Worship Music.................................................................................................128 The Questions..............................................................................................................128 The Criteria and Evaluation.........................................................................................129 Chapter 22........................................................................................................................135 The Worshipper...............................................................................................................135 Qualifications...............................................................................................................136 Chapter 23........................................................................................................................139 A Theology of MusicKind Of..................................................................................139 In the Beginning...........................................................................................................139 Musics Spiritual Dimension.......................................................................................140 Strength Through Songs..............................................................................................143 Extra Notes.......................................................................................................................146 APPENDICES.................................................................................................................147 A Critique of the Critics...............................................................................................148

Raucous Rock and Roll Reflections............................................................................160 Spiritual Dynamics...................................................................................................161 Physical Dynamics...................................................................................................163 Sexual Dynamics.....................................................................................................164 Emotional Dynamics................................................................................................165 Plant Dynamics........................................................................................................165 Animal Dynamics....................................................................................................166 Philosophical Dynamics...........................................................................................167 Praise and Worship Examples in Revelation...............................................................171 Epilogue...........................................................................................................................174 Bibliography ...................................................................................................................175 About the Author.............................................................................................................178 Endnotes...........................................................................................................................179

News Release
A worship service should be an intense time. (Anne Ortlund. Up With Worship.)

While this particular news release will date the writing of this book, the content is relevant to the topic being presented: Even before the music started, the 3,000 young people who filled the Beacon Theater in Manhattan for a free event called the Passion Experience were getting loud. We love Jesus, how bout you, charged a group in one corner, inciting a competitive echo from across the room. As the first band plugged in, the audience sang along, repeating choruses of praise from four giant video screens: You are my drink, they sang. You are my feast. This tour is billed not as a concert but as a worship gathering for college students. The popularity of the songs comes not from Christian radio, but from churches, and the musicians who call themselves worship leaders rather than performers sing not about God, but to God. The audience sings as much as they do. The music, which can take any style, is often described as vertical, because it is directed upward, by band and audience alike. Youre not connecting to the band, youre directly connecting to God, one on one, said Craig S., 18, who drove a long distance to get to the concert. Sales of praise and worship albums
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have doubled since 2000, to about 12 million in 2003. While Christian music sales slumped last year in general, worship music was up 5 percent. The music has drawn some criticism for emphasizing individual experiences but a recurring theme at Passion, besides the act of praise, was the diminution of the individual. Michelle S., a sophomore at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, N.J., beamed after a night of crying and singing and jumping. It was amazing feeling Gods presence, she said. Though she liked the songs, she said, It wasnt the bands, it was God who was great! (John Leland. The New York Times. Christian Musics New Wave. April 17, 2004.)

As the deer pants for streams of water, so my soul pants for You, O God. My soul thirsts for God, for the living God. When can I go and meet with God? (Psalm 42:1-2)

Acknowledgements
What an awe-inspiring and exciting thing it is to contemplate an encounter with Almighty God. (Robert H. Schaper. In His Presence.)

I would like to thank those musicians and pastors that have led me into true, music worship. Among those musicians that have impacted my life, there are some that stand out. In the beginning, when it was all new to me, I give thanks to the following musical pioneers: Andrae Crouch and his song To God Be the Glory, Bill & Gloria Gaither He Touched Me and Theres Something About That Name, Jack Hayfords Majesty, and many of the worship songs from Maranatha! Music, Integrity Hosanna! Music and Mercy/Vineyard. Most of the worship choruses that came out of the Jesus Movement and the Charismatic movement of the 70s were undiscovered territory for me. The music of those times began to spiritually stir me. My heartfelt gratitude is extended to the musical giftedness and blessed talents of Dino Kartsonakis. His dynamic piano arrangement and several concerts that I hosted ushered me into a new dimension of worship music. Dinos instrumental anointing helped bring healing to my damaged soul at a time of great brokenness. I would also like to thank Pastor Larry Starke of New Life Community Church in Saginaw, Michigan for introducing me to the concept of the Temple Theology form of musical worship. There have been many Pentecostal and Charismatic churches that incorporate great praise music but Pastor Starke knew how to progress through the three dimensions to seek the heart of God and arrive in the throne room of His presence. I remember those moments vividly. They were precious and powerful. Many thanks are extended to Ross Parsley, the worship leader of New Life Church in Colorado Springs, Colorado, for introducing me to a multitude of anointed worship songs. They were crucial for the continued, inner healing that I desperately needed during that time. Also, I want to thank Mike Harris, the former worship leader of Woodmen Valley Chapel in Colorado Springs for fulfiling my quest for, and understanding of, an effective and moving worship service. I especially want to thank my wife who, from the very beginning (and throughout my pastorates), said: Lets do something different when it comes to worship music. There is something more! I wished I had listened to her, as well as to my heart, and applied the concept of three-dimensional worship music when we were spiritually hungry. I am thankful that we both bear witness to that which is anointed singing and musical worship. I am very grateful for the Christian Student Equipper for being the only Internet ministry I know of at this time that has voiced a similar threefold theology of music worship. It was my belief that I was a lone wolf until I visited their website. Their
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insight into this pattern of worship has enhanced my vision and motivated me to move forward with my script. The Lord is birthing a concept that could revolutionize corporate worship. And, believe it or not, I definitely want to thank the multitude of churches whether traditional or contemporary that Ive attended where their music was neither inspiring nor worshipful. My inner dearth of spirit experienced in their sanctuaries from their rote, ritualistic, or passionless music or their over-experiential, meandering, or shallow music - has motivated me in a mighty way to write down these thoughts and ideas. In a similar vein, I am moved to have heard the cry of hundreds of honest believers who feel empty after a worship service again, whether in a traditional or contemporary church because they didnt have a chance to approach Gods heart and enjoy His Presence. Last but definitely not least, I want to thank the Lord for His mercy, grace and unconditional love toward me. His gracious Spirit led me through a dark valley in my life by means of anointed worship music. It was through Gods provisional ministry of Spiritfilled music that brought refreshment to my soul and a revival within my spirit. I am grateful that He used a variety of sources to bring me to a point of understanding that is, He wants to meet with us in a personal and intimate way during a corporate worship setting. Therefore, I am most blessed! Let us progress in our worship.

The Lord is my strength and my song; He has become my salvation. He is my God, and I will praise Him, my fathers God, and I will exalt Him. (Exodus 15:2)

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Preface with Purpose

God is mightily honored when a people know that they will die of hunger and thirst unless they have God. (John Piper. Brothers, We Are Not Professionals.)

According to a variety of surveys and studies, the churches that are rapidly growing in the United States, and around the world, are those that are biblically conservative and offer a certain kind or style of music. One author shares his research: The fastest-growing churches in the world today are found in the Pentecostal and charismatic traditions, which practice the praise and worship style.1 Some critics of the Church Growth Movement do not see numerical growth necessarily as a sign of being spiritually healthy. There may be some truth in that understanding. Nevertheless, it is my personal observation that most of the church growth we are seeing is intricately connected with a deep hunger for God, the kind of music that is being presented during the worship service and solid biblical teaching. A good number of these growing churches use contemporary praise and worship music that spiritually moves the congregation. That is, these believers leave their church service saying, Ive been in the Presence of the Lord today! Or, God has touched my heart in a special way during worship! How many times have you said similar comments upon leaving your church? Or, do you identify with the following unfortunate commentary: For so many people today, worship has become dull, intellectual, cold, formal, and alienating; or it has become, consciously or unconsciously, a form of emotional exercise which ultimately has little affect on what goes on in a persons life during the rest of the week. Why? What has happened?2 What has happened? The answer is so simple but the outcome has been so difficult to achieve. Believers are not experiencing the presence and power of the Almighty God in a corporate setting. Why not? As a whole, the Church doesnt know how to move musically deep into the Lord. Whats stopping the movement? The Body of Christ doesnt seem to be overcoming a prevailing practice of tradition that is, a worship service without meaning or purpose or direction. Lets call it vain repetition or playing church or status quo Christianity. How many pastors or church leaders are willing to change the course of their church service in order to truly minister to their spiritually hungry congregation? So, for the pastor, let me ask you this question: Is it possible to be biblically conservative (or traditional) and yet contemporary in methodology and application? If not, why not? Let me take a stab at that last question.

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For some believers, the word contemporary has a negative connotation and they unfortunately associate it with worldliness, compromise, and fleshliness. For others, this word means, relating to people in the language (or music) of today. To me, being contemporary means to move forward in Gods revelation while relating His truth to people in a meaningful and understandable way. On the other hand, the word traditional has negative connotations to other believers. To them, to be traditional means, to be locked into the past and a refusal to change certain methods or ways of presenting truth. Therefore, the style of church music seems to be at the center of this firestorm. One particular author echoes the beliefs of many when he says: Of all the battles in the worship wars, the battle over music probably has been the most evident and the most emotional. Changes in the style of music have divided, frustrated, and even angered worshipers.3 Its possible to spiritually grow in either a traditional or contemporary church if there was a consistent, worshipful, threefold progression in the music service. This progression can lead us into Gods presence. But, as a former traditional evangelical minister, I realize how difficult it is to break out of certain rituals or forms/norms that is, religious rote or churchy ways of doing things. While there are some exceptions there are always exceptions I believe that singing three to five verses of three to four different hymns in a disjointed pre-sermon service just doesnt cut it anymore if you are seeking a meaningful and personal worship experience. In a like manner, celebrating for a half hour in the Outer Court during a contemporary service and then slowing down for a few minutes before the sermon no longer ministers to the hearts that are hungry to meet with God. While the theology of most traditional hymns can be doctrinally moving and orthodox, some of this music lacks emotion and feeling. While the environment of much contemporary praise music is full of energy and feelings, it can lack scriptural depth and there can be an overemphasis on the experiential that is, too much feelings and emotions. I understand the dangers of both styles of music in their extremes. There must be a balance! There must be a blend of solid biblical truth and feelings that move our soul toward the Savior. The head and the heart need to come together during this time of corporate worship. I have pastored three different churches (they happened to be Baptist) for over twenty years where there was a predictable, pre-sermon service form. The preliminaries involved: Prelude music (usually the organ); the welcome followed by an opening hymn (3 to 5 verses being sung from a hymnbook); then the opening prayer followed by another hymn (3 to 5 verses); then the announcements followed by a choir presentation; a pastoral prayer then followed by one more hymn (3 to 4 verses); and then special music (usually a soloist) followed by the sermon. After the sermon, there was an invitation hymn (usually 5 to six verses sometimes more!). Then came the Closing Prayer and Postlude. And, there you have it. I did this routine for over 20 years! Arghhh!!

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May I be honest? May I risk the fallout of Christians who radically disagree with me? Well, I will because it is a heavy burden on my heart. I rarely sensed the presence and power of God during this pre-sermon service that definitely had a variety of music. I mean, really, it frustrates me when I think about the fact that we had: instrumental music, three to four hymns (sound theology within three to six verses), choir music, a soloist, and sometimes more. Shouldnt all of this music variety have moved the soul or have drawn us closer to the heart of God? Granted, sometimes the hymnal music did move the soul but didnt usually minister to the spirit. What do I mean by ministering to the spirit of a worshipper? (I will deal with this concept in a later section.) Why did my congregations seem so apathetic during this segment of music? Why did I feel so spiritually lethargic during this supposed time of worship? Is this what Heaven will be like?for eternity sitting around the Throne of Grace singing endless doctrinal stanzas and theological verses about what God is like? Is there a dimension to music and worship that I am missing? Do you sense this kind of lack in your church music service? Is there something more? What Christians or what kind of churches feel satisfied and even excited about their praise and worship time? During my early years of ministry, the Jesus Movement was strong in our culture. They brought contemporary music into the church (some thought it was demonic Rock and Roll). Then, the charismatic movement really began to take off in the 70s with their unique brand of worship music. When I first heard praise music, my soul was stirred. This is what was missing from my musical worship experience. It was personal dynamicintimatespiritualand yes, experiential. The Christian community began to get countless new songs from music publishers like Integrity Hosanna!, Maranatha Music!, Mercy/Vineyard, and other like-minded Christian companies. With great fear and trembling, I would try some of these songs at our evening service. And yes, many traditional or conservative ministers also have great fear in changing their form of service. What kind of fear(s)? One older resource grapples with the pastoral concerns: What stifles worship in the church is not lack of creativity but fear of repercussions, said one minister. The pastors I know arent asking, What should our worship or music be? but How long will we suffer if we change something?4 In many Baptist churches, the nightly service is a little more informal and relaxed at least it was under my pastorate. The attendance was usually small and I could try new things (within limits of course, and not without Elder/Deacon approval). While most of my churches I pastored were musically progressive, the old guard, for the most part, was not open to this new worldly musicespecially if there were drums and a guitar. Those were the instruments of the devilespecially if there was a beat. (You could have some rhythm; just not a beatwhich I admit, by the way, can become fleshly!) I will be discussing syncopation, tempo, rhythm and the beat later.

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Nevertheless, I eventually incorporated a guitar into our worship music and began experimenting with more contemporary music. Whats ironic is that I remember when Bill Gaithers worship choruses were considered quite radical in our departure from the traditional hymnbook. But, some of his music had grabbed the hearts of Christians like: He Touched Me or Something Beautiful and other moving songs. Later, Jack Hayford wrote some incredible worship music - like Majesty. And now, some of these songs are in the hymn books. Im not talking about discarding traditionalism, I am talking about rejecting music that does not move us toward meaningful intimacy. Consider how the following words from Jack Hayford puts this issue in perspective: It isnt that valid traditions must be scorned or discarded, but that newness must refill them with meaning. It isnt that the objective adoration of God is being traded of for a shallow subjectivism on the worshipers part. Rather, a simple, fulfilling intimacy is being discovered by more people as they praise Him.5 As traditional Christians (or, even liturgical believers) have explored Contemporary Christian Worship Music, they have begun to get hooked on intensely spiritual choruses like: Alleluia, We Are Standing On Holy Ground, Holy, Holy, Oh, How He Loves You and Me, and other beautiful songs that minister to the spirit and bring you into the presence of the Almighty God. Many Church members began to want an integration that is, Cant we have both?traditional hymns and contemporary choruses? The critics of Contemporary Christian Music say that the two styles cannot co-exist. (See my chapter on Blended Services.) Some churches have even taken the bold stance of putting the songs on an overhead instead of always having congregational noses being buried in the hymnbooks. Again, the contemporary critics see this introduction of change as the camel getting his nose in the tent. Many Traditionalists see this kind of change as a bad thing; I see it as a spiritual adventure and new wine as we are being open to the Lords leading and fresh moving of His Spirit. The Lord wants to do new things in our midstand yet, many Christians do not discern or realize or want it. The rift is wideningand continues to this day in a good portion of American churches. Another critic of contemporary Christian music says: The last few decades of the 20th century have certainly seen changes in Christian music, and these changes have resulted in a polarization of Gods people.6 My goal is not to perpetuate this riftalthough, Im sure this discussion will continue until the Lord returns. This reminds me of a story concerning two Christians who were debating their styles of worship. The ideas were quite different on the subject and the discussion was becoming heated. Finally, one man said to the other, Well, you worship God in your way, and I will worship Him in His way! Ironically, both the Traditional and the Contemporary Christian could claim this unfortunate conclusion.

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My desire is to help spiritually hungry Christians find food for their souls and to move them toward heavenly water that will quench the thirsting of their spirit. I am on a pilgrimage that corporately leads to the Throne of Grace. I totally identify with the following words of this worship author: Many Christians find themselves on a worship pilgrimage. They are coming to rethink Sunday mornings and to love corporate worship. They attend services where God meets them week after week in a dynamic and moving way. Worship has become their spiritual lifeline they simply cant live without it!7 What a concept! Just think about it: The Spirit of the Living God meeting with His children week after week in a dynamic and moving way. This is the hungry cry of numerous believers! For too long, the spiritual lifeline of the Church has been missing. Its time to provide spiritual food and water for the sheep. Anybody can argue about this material my theology or lack of it but, my heart is to help individuals and churches find a place where the worship music (and worship leader) will help bring them into the Presence of our Living Lord. If I am accused of these actions, then I will gladly respond: Guilty as charged!

Let us come before His presence with thanksgiving; let us shout joyfully to Him with psalms. (Psalm 95:2)

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Introductory Presentation
We know by experience that music has a secret and almost incredible power to move hearts. (John Calvin. Works. Vol. 6.)

Music has always been an integral part of my life. My memories include my Mom playing the piano and my Dad trying to play the guitar as well as singing with his booming baritone voice. I began piano lessons before entering grade school and later in life minored in music while at college. Playing the piano and organ has always been my passion. While I have not been called as a Minister of Music, I have led numerous worship services as a Senior Pastor and have been a participant in Worship Teams. As a former minister of twenty years, I am familiar with the personalities of congregations, styles of music, and the times of Gods moving. After many years of personal experiences, worship experimentation and visiting other churches, I have organized a method or progression of worship music. It was a pattern that I observed in other churches in which I experienced an overwhelming sense of the presence of God at every song service. Why? What was happening? What were they doing? Why was there a consistency in the Presence as the music service progressed? You dont have to be in a particular denomination to experience intimate communion with God in worship. This material is for any kind of church whether you are in a liturgical church or a Pentecostal church who wants to experience the moving of Gods Spirit through worship music. And, there seems to be a progressive and biblical method that will enhance the process. Whether you ultimately accept this process as valid or not, I ask that you experiment with it. All I know is that it works. Why? It works because it has to do with how to enhance fellowship or intimate union with the Lord on a corporate church level. We all have our own personal tastes concerning sacred music. Many of us listen to Christian music privately and regularly. What about corporate music: that is, what music do we like when we gather together as the local body of Christ? What is good and profitable (spiritually) for the local church? Corporate music has the potential to be an instrument of great revival and spiritual refreshment. Ive seen the Spirit of the Living God move in a mighty way as a result of effective worship music led by an organized and discerning music minister called by the Lord to lead in this area. And, it has been my experience that the most powerful music has been presented with a progressive pattern. (Can you tell that Im a minister with all my p alliterations? Can you PUFF those Ps?) Now, whether you are a Senior Pastor, Worship Pastor, Minister of Music, Choir Director or concerned believer, I have another question for you to ponder. Is it possible that when we come together in corporate worship, that there is a simple but effective procedure or process to come into Gods presence? The Old Testament Temple (and
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Tabernacle) gives us a clue into approaching God. Now hold on!Im not talking about a legalistic set of rules or an Old Testament ritual that was observed by the Temple priests. Im talking about a specific, biblical process of building a spiritual relationship. Worship is moving into the presence of the Lord and having His Presence move upon us therefore, worship music involves establishing a mutual relationship. This kind of relationship, which involves closeness and intimacy, is a process. It has been my experience that when this musical Temple pattern or progression is practiced, there is a powerful Presence that follows. The verse from James 4:8a continually comes to my mind that says: Come near to God and He will come near to you How do you draw near to God? There are a variety of waysbut, in this context, I am talking about worship music. This material contains a possible pattern that Ive observedand have personally experienced. When the method is applied, there is usually a special anointing. Why?because it is the method?No!because this method involves moving toward God and desiring spiritual intimacy. Who doesnt want a fresh blowing of the Holy Spirit upon our hearts? When Jesus passes by, dont you want to touch the hem of his garment? I do! But, to be honest, I want more than just touching His outer garment or sensing His passing Presence! Do you know what I mean? There is a missing element when I just sing about Jesus. I want to embrace Him and fellowship with Him and be in His Presence. This is the difference between Outer Court worship (celebrating the Lord) and being in the Holy of Holies moment (communing with the Lord). One teaching ministry that understands the Temple Pattern of worship differentiates their musical progression: As you can see, we went from fast to slow, in terms of rhythm. Also, we went from Body-of-Christ-centric to Christ-centric, and by that I mean that much praise might be focused on us as if the songs contents were such that we were singing to one another. However, the latter songs are more directed to Him and You that is, the Lord.1 A true Christian wants to drink in the Water of Life. So, do you want just a drop? or, do you want to drink in (and swim in) His Presence? Well then, jump in! If worship music isnt helping you to achieve this goal, then you need to re-evaluate the mission and calling of that corporate time. If the spiritual atmosphere of the music doesnt burn in you and isnt moving you to focus on the Savior and your need for Him and His love for you and your expressed love for Him, then it is false fire that is, vain worship and an unacceptable sacrifice. Yes, the Bible speaks of this. But, it is not necessarily the music with a beat or the type of instruments that make the music unacceptable as some critics set forth. For instance, one worship leader, who has rejected most contemporary music because of the rhythm aspect, offers a partial compromise: I also believe there is good music to be found within Contemporary Christian Music (CCM), music with biblically sound lyrics and beautiful melodies, which, if separated from the incessant rock beat and the worldly performance styles, would be acceptable for use in worship.2

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Concerning worldly performances, worship music is not an entertainment hook nor is it necessarily an evangelistic tool to draw in John Q. Public within the four walls of the church - although both can be accomplished. While some worship music can be entertaining and evangelistic, the ultimate goal is glorifying the Lord through celebration, meditation and adoration. Worship is an action directed toward God, and instigated by the children of God. Its a family thing! When true worship is fulfilledthere is a holy moment. Its hard to explain this moment, but if youve experienced it, you know what Im talking about. There is that time during musical worship, when you know you are standing on holy ground. There is something in the airlike electricity. Your heart pounds (physical)your mind is alert and your emotions are sensitive (soul) something heavenly is happening in your spirit (spiritual). Ive seen hearts broken in humility and repentance as well as those who have burst into loving adoration because the worship music has brought them into the Presence of the Living and Holy God. When you are experiencing the presence of Jesus, things begin to happen personally and corporately. You must now sincerely ask yourself: Do I really want this? If your answer is yes, then you must ask yourself: How badly do I want a consistent, deep, spiritually intimate, worship service? And a final follow-up question to ask yourself: Where would I experience this kind of worship music? Your spiritual hunger should lead you to a church where their music helps to set you at the feet of Jesus. Im not just talking about experiential, superficial and sentimental mush that the Contemporary Christian Music Movement has been accused of and rather harshly by some. I am talking about the words, the musical instruments, the melody and harmony, the leader, all working in unison to bring you ultimately into the Holy of Holies. What a moment. Its a piece of heaven on earth! Just talking about this moment of Presence makes me hungry to start the progression.

And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength. (Mark 12:30)

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Chapter 1 In Defense of Definition

If we can agree on what we are talking about, then we can proceed more seriously to debate Contemporary Worship Musics merits. (John M. Frame)

What is this Christian cultural clash over worship music all about? Is it really about the music or is it about a worldviewa lifestylea philosophya preferencean interpretation? Churches in America are being split by music styles traditional or contemporary. Most of us are familiar with the internal struggle. (How sad and ironic that Christians are fighting over worship music). There is an obvious musical chasm that is widening. There is a great gulf developing in our churches over this issue of contemporary versus traditional music.1 The battle lines seem to have been drawn. Ive heard the debate countless times as a minister. It is frustrating that the first words out of the mouths of some Christians are not, Is this local church biblically soundor evangelisticor mission-minded? No way instead, they say: Is this a traditional or contemporary church? My typical response has been: What do you mean by traditional or contemporary? And the bottom line was usually: What is your style of music?traditional hymns or contemporary choruses? The focus is almost always on the form!which is unfortunate. Few of us have had or will have the luxury of escaping the worship wars. The wars are usually waged over forms and styles, not over the essence of what worship is. But leading your people into the essence is all-important.2 Unfortunately, many Christian leaders do not know how to effectively lead worshippers into the Essence. As a result, congregations become frozen within certain styles. One editor, Marshall Shelley, confirms this musical morass: People leave churches more often not because of profound theological differences but because of worship styles or musical tastes.3 I can testify to the above quote! Some ministers can preach like Chuck Swindoll or Chuck Smith or Charles Stanley but if the church visitor doesnt like the music style, they probably wont come back. On the other hand, you can have a preacher that preaches weird doctrine or even heresy, but if the person is ministered by the worship music, they are likely to stay. Why? What is it about music that brings such reactions among believers? One author sums up our ongoing, interdenominational dilemma:

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We are a people defined by our music. We fight over it in the church. We exchange congregations based on worship music style with little concern for what the theology of the new or the old congregation may have been. Whole denominations are embroiled over worship music style with no dear outcome in sight.4 In my last church, there was a division over the kind of music that the people wanted our church to represent and offer to others. So, I thought Id please both camps (generational preferences) by having a traditional service and a contemporary service. There was still ongoing murmuring and complaining from both camps. Then I tried a mixture of contemporary and traditional worship songs in both of the two services. How can I describe the reaction?it was like a pre-eruption grumbling before the final explosion of a volcano! What did I do?I prayed for the Rapture! (Or, the Second Coming for you post-tribs or amillenialists!) There is not an easy solution or resolution for this preferential musical conflict. In fact, one author confirms this tension: Unfortunately, some blended services accomplish little more than offending everyone present. As a result, more and more churches are offering multiple services with different styles at different times so that members and visitors can worship according to the style that means the most to themI do have one word of warning: some churches that have gone to two separate services with two separate worship styles report the creation of two separate congregations.5 Before we come to any more preconceived conclusions about these conflicting music styles, lets define our words and try to find a workable frame of reference. First, what do we mean by contemporary Christian music? How is this word defined? Contemporary: 1) Living or happening in the same period; 2) of about the same age. Literally a combination of two Latin words: com meaning with and temporarious (from tempus) meaning time. (Websters New World Dictionary.) Given this definition of contemporary, there should not be an overall fear or separatist paranoia of incorporating newly-written Christian music songs, hymns, choruses into a church worship service. Just because the Christian song writer happens to be living in the same time period as we are or the words of the song happen to be written for the day-and-age in which we live, does not make the music or the musician wrong, immoral, compromising, conforming or worldly. If you consider yourself a traditionalist, permit me to ask you some questions. At what point does a contemporary Christian song become old enough to be added to a hymnbook? If a majority of Christian churches begin to sing a certain song that was written in our era (that is, it becomes popular), when is it considered to be adaptable into our mainstream hymn books? Who decides this musical inclusiveness? If a particular song is only ten years old (that is, since it was written), does that make it traditional?

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If any piece of music is in a hymnbook, does that make the song traditional? What really constitutes a traditional hymn? Therefore, what do we mean by traditional Christian music? How is this word defined? Traditional: Handed down by, or conforming to tradition; conventional. This word is derived from the Latin word tradere meaning to deliver. (Websters New World Dictionary) Or, lets take a look at a more rudimentary definition of this word: Tradition: 1) The handing down orally of customs, beliefs, etc. from generation to generation; 2) A story, belief, etc. handed down this way; 3) a long-established custom that has the effect of an unwritten law. (Websters New World Dictionary) Given these definitions of tradition, there should not be an overall suspicion or general fear of Christian music that was written years ago. Again, I ask: Is a Christian hymn traditional only if it was written from another generation? Is the music handed down from another generation better, or is it necessarily assumed to have more substance, just because it is older? Are believers who like recently-written, Christian music justified in their fear that older music may be irrelevant to our contemporary culture? Who determines if a piece of music is contemporary? What is the criteria for determining the orthodox theology of worship music? One author offers this insight: For twenty-five years, many churches have been using Contemporary Christian Music (CCM) worship songs (which I will call Contemporary Worship Music, or CWM). Yet both CCM in general and CWM in particular have been quite controversial among Christian writers, especially those who deal with the theology of worship.6 The final definition for tradition that I find compelling, and so true, is: a longestablished custom that has an effect of an unwritten law. This unwritten law incorporates a litany of philosophies that say: This is the way it is!Weve always done it this way!Only if its in the hymnbook! The only good music is old music! (You can add you own establishment phrases.) If I would write a Christian chorus today and present it to a traditionally conservative pastor, would he permit me to play it, or have the congregation sing it, during a worship service? Or, would this traditional church be suspicious that it was not canonized in an archaic hymnbook? Can an unwritten law become legalistic? Can a long-established custom become an engrained ritual and closed system? You can tell by my questions that the style and type of Christian music is a hotbed of discussion and disagreement. One author of yesteryear was already grappling with this topic of musical choice:

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Why is church music frequently a major factor in the choice of a church by people moving into a new community?7 While I was a died-in-the-wool traditionalist in terms of hymns and Christian music, I began moving toward contemporary Christian worship music. I like to use the phrase Contemporary Worship Music, like John M. Frames does in his book Contemporary Worship Music: A Biblical Defense, instead of Contemporary Christian Music because of the definitional confusion. Frame says it best: Contemporary Christian Music refers to everything from Christian heavy metal to Maranatha praise choruses, including much that nobody, not even the CCM artists, would recommend for use in worship.8 Did you catch the last phrase of the preceding quote? Some of this genre of music is not recommended for use in worship. The contemporary Christian music that I enjoy in church worship services is not Rock- and-Roll or heavy metal or hip-hop or eardrumshattering-high-decibel music. For me, Outer Court music, that is high energy and filled with celebration, praise, and jubilation, can be incorporated in the beginning of the service. My ultimate goal, for either the traditionalist or the contemporary person, is to adopt the Temple Pattern of worship and learn how to move into the Presence of the Lord through their style of music. This can be done. But, it must be learnedand then, applied!

O Come, let us sing for joy to the Lord; let us shout joyfully to the rock of our salvation. (Psalm 95:1)

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Chapter 2 Two Kinds of Musical Traditions and Torment

The divine priority is worship first and service second. (Richard Foster. Celebration of Discipline.)

May I be honest with you and upfront right from the get go? Would you permit me to bear my soul concerning something that really bugs me? Okay, ready or not, here it is. There are two kinds of church music that drives me nuts and serve no spiritual purpose: First, certain kinds of traditional music which can be rote, ritual, or robotic that is, consistently sung without feeling or depth; and secondly, certain kinds of contemporary music which can be continually loud, fleshly, or repetitive that is, presented in a worldly and over-experiential fashion. Please note that I said certain kinds for both styles! Is each style of music mutually exclusive? Is it possible to have a blended balance? Some have said that it is impossible to do this. The Traditionalists have a fear that once contemporary music is introduced into a church, that it will totally take over the service and older music is totally forgotten. This has happenedit is a fear that has come to pass in many churches. For me, Id like to see a balance without compromising styles or traditions! There can be a balance. Ive heard it. But unfortunately, the churches that are musically well-balanced and progressively worshipful are few and far between. It has been my experience that one church presentation can be robotic; another one can be hypnotic! Either music style can miss the intent of true worship. Ive been in some High Church environments where I feel like Im at a funeraland the peoples faces confirm that! On the other hand, Ive attended Hyper-Charismatic churches where I feel like Im at a Rock Concert (mosh pit and all). One style seems dead and has no feeling; the other one is overly-lively and too fleshly. Are these two styles diametrical extremes in the church music spectrum? I say nothey are the norm when it comes to missing the Presence of the Lord through musical worship. Now, please understand that I can be moved by traditional hymns as well as contemporary choruses. I can worship with piano and pipe organ (or Hammond organ especially an older B-3!) and I can worship with guitars and drums as well. (And oh, modulated percussion and/or syncopation does not have to be of the devil!) But, whether the church is traditional or contemporary, I cant stand being in the pre-sermon music service that doesnt move my soul or doesnt eventually lead me into the presence of Jesus. Why are so many churches missing this mark? And, please believe me when I say that Ive talked to numerous believers who have these same frustrations and similar

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questions. I had to laugh when I read the following statement from Robert Webber who has summed up the feelings of numerous believers: There were times when I thought I couldnt make it through another (worship) service.1 I must repeat this theme from my own personal experience. My wife and I have been impressed many times with the preacher of a local church. He may have a great command of Scripture or has a powerful personality in his presentation. But, if the music does not feed our souls or move us toward the throne of God, then something is still missing in the overall service. It is my belief as a former Senior Minister that many pastors are missing the boat when it comes to music, singing, and the power of an effective, worship progression. If they would only realize that the music service can, and will, dynamically enhance the power and outcome of their message. My favorite charismatic preacher and author, Jack Hayford, has this to say about effective, pre-sermon music: Worshipful singing expedites a process which quickens our minds to receive the Word and submits our souls to the Holy Spirits implanting it within us.2 Please understand that a well-balanced and worshipful church will have good, sound biblical preaching as well as a good, sound, spiritual music service. Again, it doesnt matter if you are a traditional, mainline church or a non-denominational, charismatic church. The principles are the same for the three-fold progression of an effective music service. The selection of songs may be differentthe instruments may vary (or, there may be no instruments) the styles may be uniquebut the outcome will be the same and that is, creating a spiritual environment whereby a person will seek and sense the presence of Gods Spirit through music. Is this happening for the most part in our churches across America? If it this question solicited an affirmative answer, I would not have asked the question in the first place. Most traditional services and contemporary services have a gaping, missing dimension in their musical worship or singing time and that is, the Presence of God and the moving of His Spirit upon the corporate believers is absent. The Body of Christ desperately needs to re-direct their musical focus; we must revitalize our worship time; we need to restore expectancy; we have to have a renewed hunger. Lets just say, Revive us, Oh Lord!

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Come, let us worship and bow down; let us kneel before the Lord our Maker. (Psalm 95:6)

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Chapter 3 Problems: Practicalities, Preachers & Pre-Service

We should not ordain young men as preachers, unless they have been well-exercised and practiced in the field of music. (Martin Luther)

Most Christians, including many ministers and religious leaders, do not have a practical theology of music. Can one actually form a systematic theology concerning music? Are there enough scriptures to give us a consistent view of what the Lord requires? (See my chapter on A Theology of Music.) Regardless of your answers to these questions, there are a variety of mindsets, attitudes and beliefs when it comes to church music mostly personal, traditional and experiential. There are those who overlook or are ignorant of the power of worship music. But, my greatest concern is for those who are apathetic, or even hostile, toward it that is, they may even see music as an unwelcome intrusion into the church service. Ive experienced this mentality that is fully expressed in the following story: One Sunday morning we had a guest preacher. Just before the service was to begin he came to me and said, Get the preliminaries over quickly. I have a lot to say today. At that time my attitude toward a worship service was similar to that of my guest: Lets sing a few hymnsand get to the sermon, the real reason for our being here. Anything and everything leading up to the sermon was a preliminary and unimportant in comparison to the sermon.1 For those of you who understand the heart of God, you know that musical worship is not just a preliminary. In reality, music is a spiritual force! Do you understand this latter concept and agree with the premise? Is it biblical to say that music is a spiritual force or has a spiritual dimension or dynamic to it? Let me put it to you this way: There is music continually around the throne of God. Angels in heaven sing. Believers in heaven sing. For those dwelling on the earth, the Bible commands us to, Sing praises unto the Lord. Therefore, there is no scriptural doubt in my mind that music is a spiritual force and can affect the body, soul and the spirit of a person. Musical worship can melt, mold and move us. To effectively worship is an act of loving surrender! Unfortunately, as I just mentioned, many church goers see the music service as an appendage an unwanted tack-on a necessary time-consuming evil. The song service is like a long spiritual commercial you know, sort of like preliminary advertisements before the big event which, in this context, is the preaching of the Word! (This is why I put the words pre-sermon service in parenthesis.) Any pastor or parishioner who sincerely wants to seek the presence of the Savior will not have this attitude about the worship service.
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Sorry to humble many of you preachers, but your sermon may just be the frosting on the cake. And, if you arent prepared or anointed, your sermon may be seen as just a blown-out candle.something to be thrown away and forgotten. Im hungry for the whole cake!frosting is good, too!! They work together as is reflected from this author: The preacher who budgets 45 minutes of preaching and five for congregational singing forfeits the catechesis of the heart which congregational singing is. Unless the parishioner is continuously singing what the preacher is continuously preaching, the preachers words will be of little effect.2 I have witnessed great frustration in the Body of Christ over worship music. Some would do away with it altogether it has become a meaningless ritual for them. Some of our younger anti-traditionalists would like to rock out the whole service, satisfy the flesh, and even forget about the preaching. That is, lets just lose ourselves in the music and sway (or dance!) to the beat. I wanna get high on the musicand the Lord is good, too! This is the divided mentality within our churches today. Again, where is the blended balance? It is my personal belief that there could be revival within our churches if the worship music was presented in an effective and spiritually moving way. The Lord has laid this on my heart. It is not only my burden but the burden of countless thousands of hungry believers. Ive just given this agenda a voice. What if your song service was presented in a biblical, three-fold progression whereby peoples hearts and lives would be touched and changed? Is this not the desire of every ministers heart? Is this not the longing of every believer? If there could be a revolution of soul and spirit within the church because of worship music, what would keep ministers and believers from seeking after this? I will tell you: Holy Spirit interruptions! Divine disturbances. Spiritual interventions. A triple threat as summed up by this pastor, Warren Wiersbe: A return to worship could be a threat to the preacher who enjoys being important and playing God in the lives of his peopleA return to worship can be a threat to the church musician who would rather perform than minister, and who has no intention of bringing his weekday life into line with his Sunday professionA return to worship could be a threat to the church member who does not want to be disturbed.3 So, my dear Christian friend, in light of this last quote: Are you willing to be disturbed in order to find the throne room of your Savior and the Presence and power of Almighty God?

Sing to the Lord a new song; sing to the Lord, all the earth. Sing to the Lord, bless His name; proclaim good tidings of His salvation from day to day. (Psalm 96:1-2)

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Chapter 4 Possible Pastoral Scenarios

In seminary I learned precious little on church music. (Garth Bolinder. Music, Youth and Education.)

As a former pastor of twenty years, I understand the mindset of ministers traditional and contemporary. I was the president of a ministerial association while I pastored in Michigan. Our clergy bunch had occasional discussions about music. In the midst of our debate, it became clear why a church does not sing down the Presence of God. When it comes to having an effective worship service, many ministers embody some of following reasons and negative characteristics concerning the Temple worship pattern: Apathy I dont care that much about music. Its not a priority to me. Our church is just fine with the tried-and-true rituals and music forms. Fear I dont want to rock the boat. Our old timers wont like the change. Really, I am afraid to try something new. It could backfire. Pride I dont need a lot of music. Its just unneeded filler. Just save me more time to preach. Besides, I know whats best for my congregation. Ignorance I dont know how to integrate and initiate a flowing, spiritual song service. I never learned about this in seminary. Guarded Openness This will be uncharted territory for me but I am willing to learn and will try to incorporate new worship methods for hungering hearts.

Of all these scenarios, I could argue with any minister about the first three hang-ups. But alas, I have found out the hard way that there is not much progress made when it comes to personal apathy, fear, or pride. There is some hope for those who are ignorant but are willing to take the next step and learn. Unfortunately, I have found the old axiom is true for some ministers in that, Ignorance is bliss. Some Christian leaders want to remain in their ignorance to prevent any change in their religious routine. Therefore, I want to concentrate my time on those men of the cloth and worship leaders (men and women) who are open (even if initially guarded) to be trained and willing to integrate into their church service a time of effective worship. My heart leaps when I find Christians who have a teachable spirit in their desire to draw close to the Lord. Acquiring knowledge and then acting on it can be an exciting adventure! But, dealing with emotions or character weaknesses like apathy, fear, pride, or perpetuated ignorance, requires a change of heart. Obviously, I cant change the heart; only the Spirit of the living God can do that. My calling is to share with you the knowledge that I have and the experiences that have proven effective. It is up to the minister(s), and sometimes the parishioner, to weigh facts and information in the balances and honestly pray for Gods guidance.
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In fact, I pray that you would pray the following prayer: Lord, keep me focused to know You intimately. Create a hunger in me that will not be filled until I meet with the Bread of Heaven. Give me a thirst that will not be quenched until I progress into the Living Water! Fill my cup, Lord. Come and quench this thirsting of my soul. Part of my prayer is inspired by a classic song by Bill Gaither entitled, Fill My Cup, Lord. Find this song and pursue the content and intent! For spiritually hungry Christians, we know what we want. As another pastor, John Piper, puts it: A people who passionately long for God on Sunday morning they are not confused about why they are here. They do not see songs and prayers and sermons as mere traditions or mere duties. They see them as means of getting to God or God getting to them for more of His fullness.1 Church leadership can adopt and adapt this acquired information to suit their situation. But, the point is, some are ready and willing to move forward in the music revolution that leads to Gods presenceand really, it is a spiritual revelation. Are you willing to walk in this revelation? Or, if you are theologically uncomfortable with the word revelation, are you willing to experiment with the illumination or leading that the Holy Spirit has given to a handful of hungry believers? Are you hungry enough and thirsty enough for God to apply this simple musical Temple process? One Canadian Vineyard pastor laments: For the past two years I have worked to make our church a seekersensitive congregation where visitors would feel welcomeHowever, we hadnt adequately considered how we might also welcome the Holy Spirit.2 If you dont desire to lead your congregation into the Presence of the Lord Jesus Christ through musical worship, then this manual will only frustrate you! In fact, let me get even more pointed: Pastor or Minister of Music, if you dont want a new wave of revival, renewal, restoration, refreshment, and reconciliation within your church, then you need to reconsider your calling and hopefully find another vocation. Your sheep are hungry to worship and the Great Shepherd desires to feed them. Help lead them to the Bread of Life. How? Draw close to Him in praise and worship!

Shout joyfully to the Lord, all the earth; break forth and sing for joy and sing praises. (Psalm 98:4)

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Chapter 5 Ritual or Relationship?

He who is weary of worship is not worshiping, just as he who tires of loving is not loving. (Edgar Brightman. The Spiritual Life.)

I am so excited about these principles that its hard to contain myself. Why? Because they work! Now, wait a minute. You may be thinking, Arent you just setting up another form or ritual that you yourself criticized earlier? Okay, you got me. We all know that anything we do can become a ritual that is, a meaningless set of things we enact to reach a desired goal. I mean, really, peeling a banana in the morning for breakfast can become a ritual and yet, there has to be a way you peel the banana skin away before you can eat or slice the edible flesh of the banana. The way I shave in the morning becomes a ritual its as if I was on autopilot. I lather my face the same way, start shaving at the same side of my face and move the razor in a predictable pattern. Or, how about social interaction? Meeting a person or being introduced to a stranger can become a ritual. When formally introduced, we extend our hand and shake his or hers. We say, Hello, nice to meet you. Sometimes, we begin a conversation. But, to really get to know someone personally, there is a process of communication or moving deeper into that relationship. And really, not all rituals have to be rote or void of feelings. There are practical processes, procedures and principles involved in many ritualswhich involve emotional investment. For instance, dating is a social ritualand yet, most teens and even older dating individuals find the process exhilarating. Why? They are coming into the presence of someone that they find attractive and winsome. Getting to know the other person on an intimate level is their goal and maybe eventually to become one through marriage. Slow down now, think about this scenario and connect the dots! The dating ritual is kind of like a music worship experience. (I know, I know, every analogy eventually breaks down.) Expressing love needs to be repetitious. Youve heard the preaching anecdote where a wife says to her husband, You never say I love you anymore! To which the husband replies, Hey, I said I love you at the altar; if anything ever changes, Ill let you know! One worship leader and author sums it up this way: The language of worship is more like the language of love than like that of scholarly prose. The language of love is repetitious: I love you has little force if it is said only once.1 The goal is to become very close to the person we like and lovewhich involves, whether you agree with me or not, a process. Please consider that a process does not have to become meaningless or a robotic ritual. Some rituals involving relationship may

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lead to intimacy. It depends upon your motivation and the condition of your heart. For instance, Oswald Chambers adds some balanced insight: There is a use for ritual in a mans religious life. When a man is in a right relationship to God ritual is an assistance; the place of worship and the atmosphere are both conducive to worship.2 We are talking about simple procedures for achieving a spiritual end. For the believer, that end is being in the Presence of our loving Heavenly Father and sensing the Power of His Spirit. Wowwhat a concept! Id think any shepherd of a flock or believer with a spiritually hungry heart would want to follow a process (or pattern or progression or principle) that would bring them into the presence of Almighty God. Im not asking that churches reject all denominational traditions or church rituals. SometimesSOMETIMESa ritual, if its not empty, may be conducive to forming an intimate relationship. One Bible scholar comments on the Old Testament prophets understanding of ritual: As a corrective In Israels worship, numerous prophets vigorously protested the empty ritualism and mixed motives of the people in their acts of worship: Amos 5:21-24, Hosea 6:6, Micah 6:6-8. This does not mean, however, that the prophets rejected the forms and the content as such. They called not for the abolition of ritual, but for sincerity in the performance of the ritual.3 My presentation of the Temple Pattern of musical worship may be mistakenly interpreted as another ritual. But please, please consider that my intention is to help a believer progress into a deep communion and intimate relationship with the Lord on a corporate level. My desire is that all church leaders fulfill their calling as overseers of their flock and our reason for being. I embrace the following words: A congregation that truly worships Almighty God, week in and week out, is fulfilling one of its primary reasons for being.4 Do you truly want to worship? Or, do you want to continue to just play church week in and week out? What is the cry of your heart? Is your primary reason for being finding fulfillment in your corporate worship service? Its up to you to decide if you want a living relationship or an empty ritual.

Shout joyfully to the Lord, all the earth. Serve the Lord with gladness; come before Him with joyful singing. (Psalm 100:1-2)

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Chapter 6 The Pattern Presented

If youve never been in church when God was obviously present, may this make you so thirsty for that to happen, youll be absolutely cotton-mouthed. (Anne Ortlund. Up With Worship.)

What is this pattern that is supposedly so revolutionary? Its based on the tri-fold nature of things we see in the Bible. (Im big on tri-partismbut, dont let my theological bias deter you di-partites!) Where there has been an effective music service, the worship leaders have applied what I call the three dimensions of worship music. What is this based on? The process I have musically observed is based on a progression through the three segments of the Old Testament Temple. Are you familiar with the Temple and the stages in which the Old Testament priest progressed? Each section of the Temple brought him closer to the Presence of God. What if the same stages were applied to our worship music? It is my belief that congregants can be brought into the presence of God through music that is patterned after entrance in and through the Temple. The process of approaching God involved three stages for the Old Testament priest as he progressed through the Outer court, Inner court (or Holy Court), and the Holy of Holies. Again, this is not an attempt to legalize the progression of worship music or ritualize your personal seeking after God. It is a pattern or basic principles that will yield spiritual results as a result of application. The three dimensions of the Temple: Outer Court Inner or Holy Court Holy of Holies

There is a powerful concept that the Apostle Paul presents to the Corinthians. And, his two verses, in their context, apply to both an individual and the local Body of Christ. In I Cor. 3:16, Paul says: Do you not know that you (plural) are a temple of God, and that the Spirit of God dwells in you? When the church (believers) comes together, the corporate body is like a temple. Then, in the first part of I Cor. 6:19, we read: Do you not know that your (singular) body is a temple of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God? Paul is telling believers that our body is likened unto a temple. And in this context, its the place of Gods indwelling that is, the Temple.

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Lets think about expanding this concept. I could be overstepping interpretive boundariesbut, lets ponder a while. If the Temple had three components to it, does the corporate church and our body have three components to it as well? Or, do you think that Im stretching Pauls analogy? Again, in my tripartite theology (which many theologians adhere to), man (generic) is: body, soul and spirit. Our being is manifested through these three unique and yet integral components. Therefore, the goal of three dimensional worship music is to bring every aspect of our being into submission to Jesus Christ. The three dimensions of our being: Body physical Soul mental, emotional, and volitional (the will) Spirit spiritual (either a dead spirit or an alive spirit by Holy Spirit)

Today, our music has several components to it as well melody, harmony, and rhythm. In their book Music in the Balance, Frank Garlock and Kurt Woetzel present a concept that appears to correspond with the Temple Pattern of musical worship. They believe that music has a triad affect on us: Melody responds to the spirit; Harmony responds to the mind; Rhythm responds to the body. They expand on this concept by noting: The melody (that part of music to which the spirit responds) must dominate music in the Christians life. Similarly, the harmony (that part of music to which the mind and emotions respond) needs to have a supportive role in musicLast, and most obvious, the rhythm (that part of music to which the body responds) must be under strict control in music.1 Have you ever wondered how certain elements of music affect different parts of your being? What aspect of music causes your body to want to move? What songs cause you to feel sentimental or want to cry? What kind of music engages your mind and has you singing along? The bottom line: Music has the ability to move us. The three dimensions of music: Rhythm relates to the physical Harmony relates to our mind Melody relates to our spirit

Its interesting that the Apostle Paul musically exhorts believers with a triadic formula: Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom, teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord. (Col. 3:16).

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Concerning this New Testament verse of scripture, Jack Hayford offers his personal interpretation and some unique insight: Colossians 3:16 gives us a triad of music forms given to the Church: In psalms, we declare His Word in song; we learn and rehearse the eternal, unchanging Word of His revealed truth in the Scriptures. In hymns, we announce His works in song; we praise Him and review His attributes, testifying to His goodness as experienced over the centuries. In spiritual songs, we welcome His will in song; giving place to the Holy Spirits refilling, and making place for His Word to dwell richly within.2 Hayford believes that this verse teaches believers about the fruitful implanting of the Word of God as it is intricately linked to our singing and worshiping. What a powerful concept! The three dimensions of New Testament music: Psalms declaring His Word Hymns announcing His works Spiritual Songs welcoming His will

How does our body, soul, and spirit (the human temple) compare to The Temple (Outer Court, Inner Court, and Holy of Holies) found in the Old Testament? How will the three elements of music be used to minister to our whole being and move us through the Temple pattern? What kind of music is representative of the different Temple stages of this worship process? It is my belief that we must approach worship music in a progression that involves all of these Temple dimensions. Its biblical. Its logical. It makes sense. It works! So, please continue to walk with me through this worship model and spiritual pilgrimage.

May God Himself, the God of peace, sanctify you through and through. May your whole spirit, soul and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. (I Thess. 5:23- NIV)
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Chapter 7 Tabernacle and Temple Background

It was in the Devir (or Holy of Holies) where God especially manifested His presence by the Shekinah glory cloud. (Pictorial Bible Dictionary)

The Tabernacle was a portable sanctuary. It was the prototype of the Hebrew temple in the wilderness. This makeshift sanctuary had all the elements necessary to worship Jehovah under nomadic conditions. What was it like? The completed structure was divided into two compartments by a curtain on which cherubim were embroideredThe holy place, or outer chamber of the tabernacle, contained a table of showbread, a small acacia-wood structure overlaid with goldThe innermost part of the tabernacle, the holy of holies or most holy place was 15 feet square. The entrance to the tabernacle was screened by embroidered curtains supported by five acacia pillars overlaid with gold.1 While the Tabernacle had only two sections - the Holy Place and the Most Holy Place outside of the tent (at the entrance) could be considered the Outer Court. The Outer Court or Entrance was a gathering place for anyone. The point Im trying to solidify is that there was a process in approaching the holiness or presence of God. The Hebrews eventually built permanent places to worship God known as temples. The Temple was elaborately laid out and each section, and all the items in the different sections, was significant and carried much symbolism. There is a detailed description of Solomons Temple in 2 Chronicles Chapters 2-4. What was involved in the Temple layout? The temple consisted of three sections: 1. The Ulam or porch through which the temple proper was entered (Outer Court). 2. The Hekhal or Holy Place, which was lighted by clerestory windows (also known as the Inner Court). 3. The Devir or Holy of Holies (II Chron. 3:8;13) or the inner sanctum.2 Ive heard some question as to if there actually was music in the Temple. Singing by the priests or high priest?many theologians and historians say probably so. But, how about instrumental music? For some reason, there is discussion if instruments were regularly used or even allowed within the Temple. One reputable Bible scholar, Alfred Edersheim, has this to say about Temple instruments: The music of the Temple owed its origin to David, who was not only a poet and a musical composer, but who also invented musical instruments, especially the ten-stringed nevel or lute.3

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But, you say, David was a king and not a priest in the formal sense. Was there singing as well as instruments in the Temple? Another scholar, Franklin Segler, says: At the dedication of Solomons Temple worship and music were blended in magnificence. 2 Chronicles 5:13-14 implies that this music brought to the people a sense of the presence of God.4 Another author, Robert Godfrey, affirms the presence of musical instruments in the Temple: In the Old Testament worship a wide range of instruments was used in the worship of the Temple.5 Musical worship or making a joyful noise unto the Lord whether vocal or instrumental - comes from the outflow of the heart. This has been the history of Gods people! One denomination gives the following insight: The people of God sing. After escaping from the Egyptians and crossing the Red Sea, the people of Israel sang a song to the Lord (Ex. 15). Singing was part of Israels formal worship in both tabernacle and temple (I Chron. 6:3132, 16:42).6 In the book of Psalms, we see different styles of music (singing and instrumental) in the Hebrews praise of God. There was an intense time of celebration and rejoicing as well as a time of deep meditation and soft reflection. While the scope of praise music was diverse, I would submit to you that there appears to be a process in their manner of musical movement. To tap into this spiritual progression is a key to experience the presence and power of Gods Holy Spirit in a corporate or personal setting. How important is worship in the scheme of our Christian life? Worship is the biblical way to love and adore God. Therefore, it should play a major role the key role to spiritual intimacy - in our lives. One Bible teacher, John MacArthur, Jr., talks about the priority of worship from the New Testament as it relates to the history of the Tabernacle: There is an order to Hebrews 11It is an order of priorities: first comes worship , then walk, then work. It is the same order we saw in the layout of the camp of Israel around the Tabernacle. The priests, those whose function was to lead the people in worship, camped immediately surrounding the Tabernacle. Beyond them were the Levites, whose function was service. The positions illustrated that worship was to be the central activity and service was secondary.7 Is worship a personal, central activity in your life? Is true worship a corporate, central activity in your church? Whats more important to you as a believer than praising and worshipping the Lord? How often do you find that Holy of Holies place that Heavenly moment in time? Are you hungry for spiritual intimacy? What will you do about it?

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The Temple Pattern of musical worship will work but, you may experience some theological tension as a result of incorporating this process. Why?Biblical interpretation. Over what?The nature of God and the nature of man. The bottom line questions revolve around: How do we approach God? How transcendent is God? How personal or familiar should we be when we come before the Lord? I have found that some of our traditional churches almost have an Old Testament concept of God when it comes to approaching Him. That is, God is so Holy that He needs to be approached with caution with continual fear and trembling. On the other hand, I have found that some of our contemporary churches have a libertine concept of God and approach worship in a flippant or irreverent manner. Both concepts need to find a New Testament balance. What is that balance? In the Old Testament, only the priest could progress through the Temple (or tabernacle) toward the Holy of holies. To the Hebrew mind, God was transcendent His holiness was unapproachable except for the high priest who entered in His Presence on behalf of the people. What about believers in the New Testament? Because of Christs death of the Cross on our behalf, everything has changed. The Bible calls us a royal priesthood (I Peter 2:9). We are spiritual priests! What does that mean? It means that we have individual access into Gods Presence the Holy of Holies. We are allowed to present spiritual sacrifices to the Lord. We read in I Peter 2:5 - You also, as living stones, are being built up as a spiritual house for a holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. I like the way one Christian author, John Frame, explains it: In the Old Testament period, only the high priest could enter the Most Holy Place (the Holy of Holies) in the tabernacle or the temple, and that only once a year, on the Day of Atonement, bringing blood to atone for his own sins and those of the people. When Jesus died, the veil separating the Most Holy Place from the Holy Place was torn in two from top to bottom. Thus, Jesus opened the way for all His people to enter into the presence of God as priests. We now have boldness to come into Gods presence, in worship and particularly in prayer.8 Sometimes I think that my more formal brethren confuse a worshippers boldness with flippant familiarity. Boldness does not mean brashness. It has to do with a spiritual confidence that is, knowing the fact that we are Gods children. And, as His sons and daughters through the shed blood of Jesus Christ, we can call God Abba, Father. I knowI knowit bugs the daylights out of some theologians and High Church preachers that we can call the Almighty God Daddy. That is what the Aramaic word Abba means Papa an intimate, childlike term for Dad. Should we be fearful in even thinking about addressing our Heavenly Father with these intimate titles? What does the Bible say?

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For all who are being led by the Spirit of God, these are sons of God. For you have not received a spirit of slavery leading to fear again, but you have received a spirit of adoption as sons by which we cry out, Abba! Father! (Romans 8:14-15) Or, lets consider another verse that the Apostle Paul writes to another church: And because you are sons, God has sent forth the Spirit of His Son into our hearts, crying, Abba! Father! (Galatians 4:6) Again, some critics of the Contemporary Christian Music Movement say that this kind of music breeds an unhealthy familiarity. To many of them, Christians should be very careful and cautious when approaching the Holy of Holies. Its the same Old Testament attitude and fear of touching the Ark of the Covenant lest you die because it is holy and set apart. Hmmmdoesnt the New Testament say that believers are holy and set apart? We can reverence God and still be bold in our approach to Him. We can still have a holy awe or fear and still be confident to enter the Holy of Holies. How can I say this? Well, what does the Bible say? Since therefore, brethren, we have confidence to enter the holy place by the blood of Jesus, by a new and living way which He inaugurated for us through the veil, that is, His flesh. (Hebrews 10:19) Or, how about a different book in the New Testament? In accordance with the eternal purpose which He (God) carried out in Christ Jesus our Lord, in whom we have boldness and confident access through faith in Him. (Eph. 3:11-12) Ah! Here we see it in one powerful and succinct phrase: boldness and confident access! John Frame captures this boldness theology that is a believers inheritance: We should be aware that boldness marks a real difference between Old and New Testament worship. While reverence and awe are still important to the worship of God (Heb. 12:28)we come before God as his mature sons and daughtersBecause of our union with Christ, we may simply and confidently walk into Gods presence as His children, talk to Him, and hear His words.9 The Temple Pattern of musical worship is workable and obtainable. This spiritual process is a method of progressing into the Holy of Holies for a time of rich union and deep communion with our Precious Lord and Savior. Is this not the cry of every believers heart? That is: I want to meet with GodMy heart longs to fellowship with Him! Amen so be it! Let us therefore draw near with confidence to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and may find grace to help in time of need. (Heb. 4:16)

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Chapter 8 The Three Principles of Temple Patterned Progression

From praise to worship, we see a progression, similar to how the priests in Moses tabernacle in the wilderness went from Outer Court of the tabernacle into the Inner Court, and finally to a special room called the Holy of Holies. (The Christian Student Equipper)

If and when I lead a worship service, and if and when I train a Worship Pastor, Music Director or Minister of Music, this is the pattern I present to them and the congregation. It works. Ive seen it happen. Ive experienced it. Try it! 1. Outer Court Worship (Celebration & Jubilation) This is a time of spiritual celebration and rejoicing. There will be high energy music and an atmosphere of excitement. This worship is more on a horizontal level. Our bodies seem to respond to this kind of music with clapping and foot tapping. We are caught up in our physical feelings. While this is acceptable worship, eventually we must volitionally move into another court. Why? How can we finally Be still and know that He is God when people are clapping, dancing or jumping around? 2. Inner Court Worship (Meditation & Anticipation) This is a time of spiritual expectation. The music begins to slow down and it (lyrics and tempo) ministers to the mind and emotions (the heart). Our worship becomes more vertical. Our soul becomes engaged in deeper truths. The songs may help us to reflect on our weaknesses and need for Christs strength. We begin to concentrate more on the characteristics of the Lord and His love and grace toward us. This stage of worship prepares our hearts to enter a unique and deeper spiritual dimension. It is a musical time of anticipation coupled with meditation. 3. Holy of Holies Worship (Communion & Adoration) This is a time of intimate spiritual union with God. The music will help us to express our love toward Jesus and our appreciation toward God in a deeply personal way. Our soul is quiet and our spirit becomes receptive to His voice. This phase of music helps usher us into the presence of God. It is a spiritual and holy moment captured in time. We begin to experience a reciprocal love. Many believers have experienced His Presence and power being manifested in a powerful way during this stage. A special oneness and spiritual communion occurs. This dimension of worship is the desired and ultimate goal.

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Do you recognize these three stages of musical worship? Have you been in a church setting or Christian gathering where this process was experienced progressively moving toward the Holy of Holies moment? People that have been a part of this kind of worship music say, Its like a piece of Heaven! Or, I felt like I could have reached out and touched Jesus. Or, God spoke to my heart so powerfully that I could hardly stand up! Or, I sense His presence so strongly that I dont want to stop this part of the serviceI want to stay in this moment forever! Do you sense the flow here? Sometimes God bypasses a progression and moves in and upon hearts in powerful ways. But usually, every stage of the Temple Pattern is integral to our spiritual pilgrimage during a church worship service. Let me repeat the ultimate goal of this corporate time together: Where there is effective worship music, people sense the presence of Christ and the power of His Spirit. I totally agree with Jack Hayfords understanding of spiritual hunger: People will recognize Gods presence and they will respond to it, for there are few human beings who do not deeply, honestly hunger for vital touch with the Fountain of their being.1 Concerning recognizing Gods Presence, I am about to make a statement that will cause you to thinkhopefully, not judge. When it comes to the desired stage of worship, why sing ABOUT the Bridegroom when the Bridegroom IS present? And as you continue through the musical Temple process, why sing TO the Lord when you can finally be WITH the Lord in intimate communion? Dont accuse me of heresy! I realize that this concept will seem foreign to some of you. The desire of my heart (for you and for me) is to understand how to apply worship music in order to help us experience the presence and power of our Lord and Savior. The bottom line is: Being in His Presence.

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The Lord is in His holy temple; the Lords throne is in heaven. (Psalm 11:4)

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Chapter 9 Understanding the Presence Principles

The man who guides others into the presence of the King must have journeyed far into the Kings country and often looked upon His face. (Charles H. Spurgeon)

The above quote by C. H. Spurgeon is very convicting to me. I dont claim to have a consistent Spirit-filled life and sometimes I wonder just how far Ive journeyed into the Kings country. But, when I apply the three-fold progression of music and seek to draw close to Jesus and look upon His face, something unique happens. Do you understand this progressive revelation? Let me explain it using a practical example. Do you remember when you dated and started to fall for that special person? I remember when I was dating my girlfriend in college (later to become my wife) and summer break was upon us. She went to her hometown and I went to mine for several months. We would write each other letters because we missed each other deeply. When I received her letter, Id read her words of love and then get all excited and jump around the place. Id call her on the phone and we would talk relate to one another our loving feelings and emotions. I was thrilled to hear her voice. But, when school started again, we saw each other face to face and were in each others presence. What a high! So, the process of letters, phone calls, and actually being in her presence, are different levels of communication and intimacy. A relationship is a process and intimacy involves an obvious progression. Or, lets look at this analogy from another perspective. Im deeply in love with my wife. When I am away from her, I call her on the telephone. During that conservation, I am talking to her. While there is a connection and I feel a sweetness, we are still apart. But, I will eventually travel back home, open the door to our house, and will see my wife face to face. And, while I will talk TO her, I will be WITH her in person. We will experience personal communion and loving closeness. This process is more than just an objective exercise the quest for love can be a rather subjective exercise the same with worship. Again, my favorite author on worship, Jack Hayford, says it best: As worship moves beyond a merely objective exercise demanded by theological posturing, and as it becomes a simple, subjective quest for God, He responds. He answers the hunger of earnest hearts and reveals Himself in personal, transforming and fulfilling ways. The hungry and thirsty are filled as we seek Him in our worship.1 Or, another worship leader, John Frame, a person whom Ive grown to respect as an author and scholar, and has similar insight, says:

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Worship music is not merely a recital of things that happened objectively in history, though it is partly that. It is also a deeply subjective interaction with the God who sees our hearts.2 Please use my analogies and the preceding quotes, as limited as they may be, to understand the progression of drawing near to God in this three step process of musical worship. The Outer Court is Gods love letter to you you are reading and singing about His love, mercy, grace and goodness. The Inner Court is God talking to your heart and you revealing your heart to Him that is, the music is relating to His characteristics and what He means to you. You are expecting to move closer into His Presence. The Holy of Holies is an experiential coming together of His Spirit and your spirit. There is a spiritual oneness and personal communion taking place. You are in His presence. Or, His Holy Spirit is ministering to your spirit. In any case, you sense His presence in a spiritually deep and loving way. In addition to fellowshipping with His Presence, many times His power is manifested during this stage as well. An author in the mid-80s contributed his worship insight about the loving, residual effects of the Lord: In worship God is speaking and acting, bringing to me the benefits of redemption. Through worship, God works on my behalf. He repairs and renews my relationship with Him. Just as He has always sought people out to bring them to Himself, so He now seeks me out in worship to bring healing into my life.3 Spiritual intimacy should always be the outcome of effective musical worship! You are ushered into the presence of the Lord. The song service is not about just reading a love letter FROM the Lord; although that is needed and very special. It is not about just talking TO the Lord; although we all need to communicate with God continually. The purpose of a worship service is to come INTO His very throne of grace and adore Him and commune with the Lord. Communing is mutualit is loving reciprocity! Many who apply the Temple Pattern of musical worship have experienced His presence and power in a profound way. The Lord satisfies the longing of our hearts when we worship. Nothing keeps God at the center of worship like the Biblical conviction that the essence of worship is deep, heartfelt satisfaction in Him and the conviction that the pursuit of that satisfaction is why we are together.4 This is the cry of my heart! Is this satisfaction happening in your church? When was the last time you were in close communion with Jesus because of worship music?

Ascribe to the Lord the glory due His name; bring an offering and come into His courts. (Psalm 96:8)

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Chapter 10 Denominational Duels or Duets?

Sometimes a light surprises the Christian while he sings. (William Cowper)

Depending on your church and the style of music, you may have experienced one or two, or hopefully all, of these three worship stages of the Temple Pattern. But unfortunately, proceeding into the Holy of Holies during the worship service is not a weekly occurrence in most churches across our nation. There is a spiritual dearth in our land and few churches are providing the environment or the proper atmosphere for effective worship. When I say effective, I mean a music service skillfully progressing to the Holy of Holies that is, an intimate time with the Lord. Skillfulness should be a musical requirement within any local church. Is your music program composed of skillful musicians? Why or why not? It is my believe that no matter what size your church is, there should be a diligent search for those who have a talent in playing an instrument and have a gifted voice. Why is it that the many Christians do not have a standard of excellence when it comes to the Church that they expect, and many times demand, from the world? I will continue to hold to the premise that: Holy shoddy is still shoddy! For me, and Id suspect for others, it is difficult to fully give myself to worship when instruments are hitting the wrong notes and the singing is shrill or off key. Am I being shallow? I think not. In fact, when it came to musical Temple worship, the Old Testament may have required that a musician be skilled and trained. Consider the following verses: And Chenaniah, chief of the Levites, was in charge of the singing; he gave instruction in singing because he was skillful. (I Chronicles 15:22) And the men did the work faithfully with foremen over them to supervise: Jahath and Obadiah, the Levites of the sons of Merari, Zechariah and Meshullam of the sons of the Kohathites, and the Levites, all who were skillful with musical instruments. Give thanks to the Lord with the lyre; sing praises to Him with a harp of ten string. Sing to Him a new song; play skillfully with a shout of joy. (Psalm 33:2-3) Im familiar with the arguments as a former pastor: Pastor, you are too concerned about being professionalthis is a church. Or, I dont want to feel like we are at some worldly productionwe are not an entertainment center. Or, Preacher, you are offending Aunt Matilda who has sung in the choir for fifty yearsso what if her voice is bad; she is sincere! Or, even more frustrating are the congregants who give themselves a

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Divine seal of approval by saying: Rev. Killjoy, the Lord has placed this music ministry on my heart and is calling me into the choirI cant sing but He wants me to make a joyful noise unto Him! Or, Pastor, I cant play a note on this instrument but the Lord has convicted me to play and learn as I go! Or, Preacher, God has called me to lead the Choirso, obey Him. When can I start? Uh-huhokaywell, alrighty thenif the Lord spoke to these people, who are we as mere Christian leaders and Undershepherds to argue, right? Well, if you want to have an effective worship service, be prayerful, wise, discerningand find (Nodemand!) skillful musicians. The same applies to the style and kind of music you sing or play. Again, music styles have become a heated debate among church denominations. There has been a methodological duel among church leaders. For instance, you have your mainline churches where usually the instruments are composed of a piano and organ and hymns are sung. The words of hymns are very doctrinal and scriptural but the music was written in a different era. Lets get real here: Many hymns sound medieval! Does this automatically impede effective worship? Not necessarily. Just remember that Martin Luthers melodies were very contemporary in his day and age. So, pause and think: These hymns are several hundred years old. The music style is difficult for some people to relate to. Fortunately, some hymn books are beginning to add more recently-written worship music and choruses. Consider the following exhortation from a worship sage: Tradition must be confronted, questioned and adjusted if Gods maximum benefits are to be realized during worship.1 But then, we have contemporary churches that have eliminated all hymns of yesteryear and will only play recently written songs and choruses. This can be as equally frustrating for some Christians who may have been brought up on classic hymns. On the other hand, some have developed another tradition that is, eliminating traditional songs. This is a mistake! Ive seen contemporary congregations moved to tears when they have sung: The Old Rugged Cross, It Is Well With My Soul, Turn Your Eyes Upon Jesus, Amazing Grace, and many more. There needs to be a balancea duet if you will between traditional and contemporary music. The goal of all Christian music is to move us toward the heart of Christ and the Throne of Grace in worship. Because of this goal, my summary of concerns (when it comes to corporate worship music) involves the following generalized church styles: 1. A liturgical church setting where the music is sung in rote fashion. The organ, and/or piano, is the dominant feature. (Catholic, Lutheran, Episcopalian, etc.) 2. A ritualized church where you sing three hymns (all five or six verses) out of a hymn book. A variety of orchestral instruments may be used. (Presbyterian, Baptist, Nazarene, etc.)

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3. A progressive church that sings nothing but praise choruses. And, unfortunately, they may sing one chorus over and over and over again in a hypnotic way. Any and all instruments are used and usually loudly. (Charismatic, Pentecostal, Calvary Chapel, Vineyard, Non-denominational, etc.) Now, of course, there are some churches within these denominations that have broken out of their mode and the label that Ive given to them. For instance, some Catholic Churches offer a very charismatic worship service. Some Baptist churches are inching out and singing some praise choruseseven with drums and guitars (gasp!). Some Charismatic churches are adding a mix of hymns and choruses for a well-balanced presentation. But, in all of these different church contexts, where there is spiritual movement, its usually when there is an application of the pattern Ive presented. While it is more difficult for a Traditional church to achieve the end product of Holy of Holies music, this type of church that sings only from a hymnbook can still proceed through the stages of the musical Temple Model. The key to achieving that intimate stage relies heavily on the Pastor and the Worship Leader or Music Director. In fact, the person who leads the musical worship is the key to this whole spiritual process. (Their specific role will be discussed later.) Does your worship leader facilitate your spiritual walk into Gods Throne Room? And once you arrive at the Inner Sanctum, does he cherish that holy moment by letting the congregation stay there for a time? What do you believe would happen if your church experienced His personal Presence on a weekly basis?

Glory in His holy name; let the heart of those who seek the Lord be glad. (Psalm 105:3)

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Chapter 11 Dearth or Dynamism?

Tragically, the element of worship is largely missing amid all the activity that goes on in the church! (John MacArthur. The Ultimate Priority.)

What I am about to say will disturb a lot of status quo Christians and that is: Most worship services are not experiencing the Presence of God. The congregations are not making a spiritual connection. Now, hold on!Im not even talking about traditional churches. Among contemporary evangelical churches, and even many charismatic churches, I hear believers say that they are leaving the worship service feeling empty and unfulfilled. This frustration and spiritual dearth seems to be growing. On the other end of the church satisfaction spectrum, I hear a good number of Christians say that they do not notice anything wrong or negative or missing during their time of worship music. This concerns me the most. In fact, it scares me to my knees! Theres seems to be a contentment with the form of the service while there is no familiarity with Gods Presence. Several decades ago, one worship author, James White, gave the following warning: Much that passes for Christian worship can be doctrinally correct and yet be so remote and detached from life that it neither conveys meaningful insight nor elicits sincere response.1 Again, I am not just talking about Traditional church services that adhere to a strict form of their Order of Worship while interspersing hymns. The claim of no familiarity also applies to Contemporary worship services. Matt Redman offers a stinging rebuke: Too many times Ive found myself in a meeting where Im longing to engage with God while struggling to get past the impressive yet ultimately distracting show going on up front.2 Some Charismatic and Pentecostal churches almost pride themselves on their freedom and flow during worship service. But, in all their spiritual fervor, they do not progress into the Holy of holies. They have fun praising in the Outer Court and dancing toward the Inner Court, but in their excitement about the Lord, they fail to be with the Lord. I know for a fact that some charismatic worship intensity can also become a form. Emotionalism is a poor substitute for being in His Presence. Celebration, jubilation, meditation, expectation and reflection are needed aspects of worship but ultimately, we are to move toward spiritual union and communion. If there is not a holy moment, does that bother you?

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This whole scenario reminds me of an old preaching anecdote that says: If the Holy Spirit left your church, would anybody notice? Of course, I already think that the Holy Spirit does not show up at most worship services. There is a sobering biblical passage dealing with Sampson after he sinned with Delilah and the Philistines were about to take him. The Bible says: And he awoke from his sleep and said, I will go out as at other times and shake myself free. But he did not know that the Lord had departed from him. (Judges 16:20) Sampson thought it would be business as usual but he did not have the spiritual awareness that God was not with him the power of God had departed! It grieves me to say that this is the state of most churches and their worship services today. Am I being too hard on the Church and just reflecting a negative spirit? Maybe butlets be honest with ourselves! Is their a holy hunger and a desire to press into Christs presence?with you personally?with your pastor or music director? with your church congregation with Americas Body of Christ in general? As the scripture verse and worship song says: As the deer pants for the water brooks, so my soul pants for Thee, O God. My soul thirsts for God, for the living God. (Psalm 42:1-2a) So, what is the state of your soul? Is your spiritual thirst consistently quenched? In a like manner, there is an interesting verse about Jacob in the Old Testament. We read: Then Jacob awoke from his sleep and said, Surely the Lord is in this place, and I did not know it. And he was afraid and said, How awesome is this place! This is none other than the house of God, and this is the gate of heaven. (Genesis. 28:16-17) How often does God show up in a church service and we did not know it? By the way, these Jacob verses remind me of two worship songs - Surely, the Presence of the Lord is in this Place and How Awesome is Your Name. These are songs that will lead from the Holy Court into the Holy of Holies. The Word tells us in Psalms 22:3 that, God inhabits the praises of Israel (that is, those He set apart His children). Do you want His holy inhabitation as a result of our praise to Him? Many Christians have no discernment when the Lord is present. Whats even more devastating is when believers have no idea that the Lord is not present or moving during their music service. The Bible teacher A. W. Tozer presented a powerful question pertaining to this issue. Coming from a different perspective, he asked: If the Spirit of the Living God showed up during our music worship, what would happen and how would this affect us? Lets not leave this as a rhetorical question. Honestly think it through and come to a conclusive answer. What would really happen to you and your church if Gods Presence consistently showed up during the worship service? How would this personally affect you? Let me share a quote with you from one of my favorite authors on worship. In her down-to-earth manner, Anne Ortlund sums up some of the what questions (or desired results) of an effective church worship service:

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Not often do churchgoers find themselves in the Presence! But when they do all is changedThey are moved to move! Repent weep rejoice something! When God is present in power, if the people dont respond the very stones willOne thing is sure: you knew, Oh, God, this is what I was made for. This is stretching and rewarding and fulfilling, down deep in my bones. This is Eternity Business. Im being caught up into the Important. This is breaking into glory! After that, you will never again be satisfied to just play church.3 Have you ever had a chance during a worship service to break into glory? Are you satisfied with the progression of music in your church? Im not talking about if the music is traditional or contemporary, but has whatever style moved you into the glorious presence of God Almighty? What will it take for churches to move from ritualized and rote religion to a real and robust relationship? I love the spiritual passion of Warren Wiersbe who said it strongly: What will it take to motivate us to worship God? What will have to happen before we will dismantle our shabby religious sideshows and build once again an altar to the Lord?4 Lets quit playing church and get serious about seeking hard after the Lord. How do we progress into the Holy of Holies in a practical way? How do we begin this Temple Pattern? Lets get practical as we continue this musical worship pilgrimage.

For where two or three have gathered in my Name, there I am in their midst. (Matthew 18:20)

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Chapter 12 Outer Court Music

The heart is so warmed by righteousness and love that, figuratively, it reaches the boiling point. Praise is the boiling over of a hot heart. (John MacArthur. The Ultimate Priority.)

Whether you participate in a traditional or a contemporary music service, you are now familiar with what I call Outer Court music. Lets recap this dimension of the Temple Pattern. You experience high-energy songs that create an environment of excitement and time of rejoicing. The Outer Court is a place of spiritual celebration and jubilation. The founder of the Methodist church, John Wesley, exhorted believers with these words: Sing, not lulling at ease or in the indolent posture of sitting, drawling out one word after another, but all standing before God, and praising Him lustily, and with good courage. The Outer Court stage of worship is more horizontal in nature as it affects us (and moves us) physically. How so? The music is upbeat and a faster tempo. In some contemporary worship services, participants may clap their hands, tap their feet, sway, lift their hands, and in a variety of Pentecostal or Charismatic churches there may even be those who (gasp!) dance. In some traditional worship services, participants in Outer Court music sing loudly and some tap their foot (quietly) and tap their fingers on the side of their hip or hymnbook (discreetly or secretively). In fact, when there is a fastmoving hymn or sacred marching song, you can almost see the physical torment on the faces of those that want to move but dont want to act worldly or be accused of fleshly (sigh) behavioror, Heaven forbid, a Charismaniac! Oh boy, I can just hear some of you traditionalists murmuring judgments under your breath as you read this, saying: Well, we lost another Baptist minister to the ways of the world and the Contemporary Christian Music Movement! Well then, you can just call me an Evangelimatic Baptiscostal. I mean, really! Is it wrong to express celebration with reasonable physical expressions during praise and worship? No!thats what the Outer Court stage of music is all about. But unfortunately, some worship leaders who are critical of the Charismatic Movement or Contemporary Christian Music, lump some physical manifestations of worship music into one category. One such critic mistakenly notes: I have often observed that when (church members) are confronted with the glory and awesomeness of God during a prayer, a song or a sermon, the typical reaction is more of go to your knees than lift up your hands.1

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Wait a minute!there can, and SHOULD be, both! We read in Nehemiah 8:6 Then Ezra blessed the Lord the great God. And all the people answered, Amen, Amen! while lifting up their hands; then they bowed low and worshiped the Lord with their faces to the ground. Again, it depends on what place you are in the Temple Pattern of worship progression or how the Lord is dealing with your heart. During the last part of the Inner Court as we move into the Holy of Holies segment, believers may kneel in humble adoration or bow down in complete submission to the Lord. But, in the Outer Court, there can be clapping and hands can and will, and maybe should, be raised in praise. I like what John Frame has to say about this: God wants body as well as spirit to be engaged in His worship. Clapping expresses joy; lifting the hands is a way of drawing toward God as the object of our worship and the source of our blessing.2 For you who claim traditionalism or a non-charismatic stance, please refrain from judging or having disdain for those who do get physical during Outer Court worship. What if this kind of outward or physical celebration is Biblical? Lets take a quick look at some Scripture verses. Concerning the clapping of hands (and other celebratory actions): O clap your hands, all peoples; shout to God with the voice of joy. (Psalm 47:1) For you will go out with joy, and be led forth with peace; the mountains and the hills will break forth into shouts of joy before you, and all the trees of the field will clap their hands. (Isaiah 55:12) Concerning the lifting up of hands: Hear the voice of my supplications when I cry to Thee for help, when I lift up my hands toward Thy holy sanctuary. (Psalm 28:2) So I will bless Thee as long as I live; I will lift up my hands in Thy name. (Psalm 63:4) May my prayer be counted as incense before Thee; the lifting up of my hands as the evening offering. (Psalm 141:2) I really am intrigued with the last verse I quoted. Did you notice that the Psalmist likens his lifting of hands to an offering to the Lord? The lifting of our hands can be a total act of submission and spiritual surrender. We are saying to God that we are a living sacrifice for Him. I knowI can just hear it: Wait a minute, preacher, all of this is Old Testament stuff. We dont see these physical antics in the New Testament. No!? what if the Apostle Paul actually gives the church his strong desire, possibly a command, to do something while praying? Would you do it without bitterness or dissension? I find the following verse quite pointed:

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Therefore I want the men in every place to pray, lifting up holy hands, without wrath and dissension. (I Timothy 2:8) Paul seems to be giving an instructional exhortationa very strong desireI mean, he wants these uplifted prayer hands to occur. What do you think? I knowI can just hear it: But preacher, wait a minutein this context it meansblah, blah, blah. Yea, yea, yeatalk to my hand! It says what it says. And yet, in many mainline churches today, there is cause for alarm if someone should exhibit their palms extended and facing upward. One man who truly understands praise and a Christian who seeks after the heart of God, reflects the beliefs of spiritually growing worshippers today: Upraised hands are less and less a badge of the Charismatic and becoming a simple sign of Christian praise.3 How can you read the book of Psalms and not see the raw emotions and physical reactions (or responses) of the writers? It was the Psalmists who helped make God approachable to the Old Testament Hebrew people. For instance, all of Psalm 98 deals with praise music and how we are to enter into this time before the Lord: Singing a new song to the LordShout joyfully to the LordBreak forth and sing for joySing praisesSing praises with the lyre (a stringed instrument)Sing praises with trumpets and the sound of the horn (brass section)the sound of melodyShout joyfully before the KingLet the seas roarlet the rivers clap their handslet the mountains sing for joy. How can you read this particular Psalm and not get all excited about praising and worshipping God?!even for those of you who have found outward expressions during worship as repugnant. John Frame calls clapping, the lifting of hands, and even dancing before the Lord, as the music of the body. And yes, the Bible does talk about Gods people sometimes dancing as an act of praise. If you want scriptural prooftexts, feel free to look up: Exodus 15:20, I Sam. 21:11, I Sam. 29:5, II Sam. 6:14, Psa. 30:11, Psa. 149:3, Psa. 150:4, and Jeremiah 31:13. Some of you are feeling really uncomfortable right now, right? Okay, now for those of you displaying various degrees of discomfort, hold on one minute! The same Christian (that may be you) who whines about the musical physicality or showiness of some contemporary worship participants is the same person who can make a fool out of himself at his sons sports event. Do you know what Im talking about? Dont try to fool me! As a pastor, Ive been at church bastketball games, football games, softball games, volleyball games, Christian school swim meets and the likeand I couldnt believe the yellers and screamers and hand-wavers and jumper-uppers at these events! I mean, it was like being in the Roman Colloseum with my brethren and sistern leading the intensity. Thats right! Ive seen religious elders of my churches go crazy (Im talking total nutcakes!) in front of a television set watching their favorite sports event. No inhibitionsno second thoughts about what others think about their spastic behavior.

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And yet, they wouldnt dare tap their foot or clap their hands within a church! In their minds, there is a massive chasm between the sacred and the secular. Obviously, to them, God does not like the expression of emotions especially holy celebration or sacred jubilation. But alas, God does honor our emotions and expressions of praise when they are a byproduct of seeking after Him. These emotions may be expressed in a different way for the liturgical church or the traditionalist. But, there is definitely an Outer Court stage of musical worship for this particular group. This initial segment will help prepare you and move you into the Presence of your Lord.

Traditional Outer Court Music

It has been my observation that a hymnbook for a Baptist may not be the same as a hymnbook for a Catholic or Lutheran or Episcopalian or other high church services. That is, the song selection is different. Some of their hymns would be considered classical music and are even older than some conservative evangelical churches. So, who is more traditional? To paraphrase the Dean of my seminary, who lovingly confronted me on my self-righteousness and unrealistic expectations: There is always going to be someone more traditional than you! How disconcerting for some of you Baptists or Nazarenes or Plymouth Brethren or liturgical churches who think that you have the cornerstone on traditional hymns or conservative music. Think about this - there are some Monks, past and present, who chant just a melody and think harmony is worldly. (Ever heard Gregorian chants? for me, hauntingly beautiful.) Anyway, some Christians even get into arguments over who is more traditional! If you could see me now, I am shaking my head in amazement while thinking: How in the world has the church survived for almost 2,000 years?! So, I am exhorting you, no matter what your style of worship, to not be piously smug in your personal assessment of having the right kind of music. I think both styles, the traditional and the contemporary, have been woefully lacking in progressing people to a place of musical holiness and the Presence of God. But, this can change! The pattern is not difficult. As far as my personal history goes, I became a Christian in a fundamentalist Baptist church. Since I was a pianist, I was asked to play the piano on a variety of occasions for the worship service. Whenever Id play Outer Court hymns, Id always kick them up a notch! Id add rifts and runs and tempo enhancement. Even in a strict fundamentalist church, the pastor and congregation loved my musical enthusiasm. They didnt mind because they considered it Southern Gospel church music. This genre of music, for some reason, was acceptable in my circle of fundamentalists. Outer Court music should be fun and a time of celebration! The very nature of Outer Court music moves you physically as it has an energy that is, in the tempo. (Yes, even some old-time, traditional music had, and has, a tempo!) I like what one author, Albert Palmer, said about worship over a half century ago:

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Worship means a release of energy. It puts into life something which steps it up to a higher voltage. Through worship man comes to God at first hand, has an immediate experience with God, and goes forth transformed and stimulated to new levels of endeavor.4 I remember in my early fundamentalist days that the measuring-stick of books for a good Independent, Bible-believing church service was written by Jack Hyles. Just think about this, even a leader of the fighting fundies (as we were frequently accused of being) understood the power of Outer Court music and an upbeat tempo. This fundamentalist pioneer shares his pastoral experience: I have often taken a trip only to find myself going slower or faster depending upon the type of music being played on the car radio Probably nothing affects a preaching service or a congregation any more than music Those involved in the music program of the church need to know how to direct music to the heart and how to prepare both congregation and preacher for the message.5 Did you notice that he called the time together for the church as a preaching service and not a worship service? For many Baptist, Reformed or Independent Bible churches, the preaching of the Word is the focal point or centrality of the worship service. Everything revolves around preaching and the preacher. According to Dr. Hyles, the music is instrumental (excuse the pun) in preparing the people for the sermon. And usually, this musical preparation involves evangelistic themes or salvation songs. But, my point is that the music is preparatory it tills the fallow ground of the heart. Many pastors have come to understand this flow. The church is first a worshipping community. Evangelism and other functions of ministry flow from the worship of the church.6 In many of these preaching churches, the thrust is on salvation thus, the major musical emphasis is on the Invitation Hymn. To me, this is a continual preaching-to-thechoir scenario. I get concerned when the whole aspect of corporate worship and praising God seems to take a back seat to spoken Word alone. In the final analysis, the understanding of church service priorities involves doctrinal interpretation and some denominational tradition. There is a dynamic tension between worship and the Word. One worship leader chimes in on certain church service practices: The emphasis and the practice of worship that is demonstrated and encouraged in the Scriptures is distinctly different from that which is practiced and emphasized in the church as we know it today. There is a difference between what we say we value and believe, and that which we practice.7

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Since I served as a pastor in a traditional, Baptist setting for over 20 years, I believed in the centrality of Gods Word (expository preaching) and yet I had a special place in my heart for musical worship. Even though, at the time, I was not familiar with the Temple Pattern of musical progression, I applied some of the concepts nevertheless. Something unusual happened during the services where the music was moving. That is, the hearts of people seemed to me more tender and receptive to the Gospel and the convicting power of the Holy Spirit. Its like the music softened them up! I understood this truth before I ever had it confirmed by another pastor who noticed the same thing. The nationally-known pastor and teacher, Jack Hayford, shares his key to evangelism and experiencing the Presence of the Lord: Worship could also be the key to evangelism. It follows that if God moves in if He truly wants to be present in power and bless His people at worship services then people would be drawn to ChristWhen worship is warm, it provides the ideal setting for evangelistic results.8 There were so many times during my ministry that I thought that spiritual results were directly related to my prayers and preparation and powerful preaching. But, if Id only put two and two together and realized that when there was Spirit-filled music before the sermon, and God seemed to be thickly present, that it was nothing in my own works or power that was softening their hearts. The Holy Spirit had used anointed music and lyrics to melt, move and mold the congregation. Again, Hayford agrees with this concept: Having been raised on the notion that evangelistic sermons are essential to evangelistic results was that worship was the source of this mighty moving of the Holy Spirit among us. People were receiving Jesus Christ not because I preached them under conviction, but because they sensed the presence of God as we worshiped His Majesty.9 Sensing Gods Presence can be achieved as a result of the Temple Pattern. Therefore, Let me share some songs from my own experience that are Outer Court in nature. And, if you dont experience a desire for outward expression, or you try to restrain yourself, during the singing of these hymns, there is a form of cognitive dissonance and/or an inner pain or pressure that takes place from repressing any physical movement! (Brethren, sometimes you just gotta move!) Concerning Outer Court music, when you hear it, you get spiritually excited and want to move. But, what if you are a conservative traditionalist? If you come from a liturgical church or mainline, Protestant denomination, what hymns do you use that are high energy? What gets the blood pumping and the soul soaring? For instance, in the conservative and evangelical but traditional-music churches, they all use similar Outer Court music. Let me speak from a personal perspective coming from the Baptist tradition. Baptists are the largest Protestant body of believers in the United States. Southern Baptists are predominant. For most conservative churches, here is a sampling of potential Outer Court songs listed according to the year of publication:

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A Mighty Fortress (Martin Luther 1529) All Hail the Power of Jesus Name (Perronet 1779) Crown Him with Many Crowns (George Elvey 1868) Praise Him! Praise Him! (Fanny Crosby 1869) To God Be the Glory (Fanny Crosby 1875) I Will Sing the Wondrous Story (Francis Rowley 1886) Standing on the Promises (R. Kelso Carter 1886) Leaning on the Everlasting Arms (Hoffman/Showalter 1887) At Calvary (Newell/Towener 1895) Higher Ground (Charles Gabriel 1898) When We All Get to Heaven (Hewitt/Wilson 1898) There is Power in the Blood (Lewis Jones 1899) Theres Within My Heart A Melody (Luther Bridgers 1909) Since Jesus Came Into My Heart (Rufus McDaniel 1914) Wonderful Grace of Jesus (Haldor Lillenas 1918) In My Heart There Rings A Melody (Elton Roth 1924) Ill Fly Away (Albert Brumley 1932) I Serve a Risen Savior (Alfred Ackley 1933) Victory in Jesus (Eugene Bartlett 1939) Depending on the copyright date of your hymnbook, Im sure you can add other songs that you consider Outer Court music. But, did you notice that more than half of the songs listed were written in the latter 1800s? And, over a third of these hymns was written in the early 1900s! These are still tempo enhanced hymns but, dear Christian, we are living in the 21st century now. While the Message is still the same, music styles mood and tempo - have changed. Therefore, to avoid hymns or songs that have been recently written and produced, because that would make them contemporary or compromised to you, is ridiculous!

A Traditional Challenge
As a fundamentalist or conservative evangelical, you must ask yourself: Is being stuck in the past the only means for true musical godliness if Im a traditionalist? And by the way, if you answer yes, then youll probably keep speaking King James English when you pray, witness or quote the Bible I mean, God communicates in old English, right? There are believers who think the world system that is, unbelievers and pagans will somehow think we are more spiritual the more archaic we sound, right? Im sorry please forgive my sarcasm but I see this as the mindset of so many traditional believers that is, older is better! On the other hand, Im not saying that newer is necessarily better either.

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Listen, its okay to me if you want to remain traditional. Although, if you continue to use older music in your church service, then at least use the Temple Progression when you sing. But alas, even this challenge is problematic. Why? Id imagine even the form or Order of Worship in your service is considered sacrosanct that is, totally sacred and holy untouchable. I wish I received ten dollars for every time a parishioner would say to me, Weve always done it this way so why change? Id be a millionaire! Why change?because if people are not encountering the living Christ and sensing the power and Presence of Gods Holy Spirit during the music time, something is wrong, wrong, wrong! There are those who are comfortable in their form and order and would say, If it aint broke, dont fix it! Hey saint, it is my belief and theme of this book that most worship services in our land are broken! Now, here is how I would fix or change a traditional service: Most importantly, eliminate the disjointedness of the service. Where does it say in the Bible, or from your denominational hierarchy, that you have to follow a certain Order in your church service? For instance, why do so many churches have a greeting and opening song, followed by an opening prayer and another hymn, followed by announcements and another hymn, followed by the offering and a choir special, followed by a pastoral prayer and another song (hymn, soloist, etc.), and then the sermon? An effective worship environment hasnt been created and you dont have time to move into the Holy of Holies in this system. You are forever stuck in the Outer Court or Inner Court. While these two Temple Courts are a vital part of the worship progressions, they are not the final part. The ultimate court yet to be entered into is the Holy of Holies! So, take a risk and experiment. What do you have to lose?except being in the Presence of God in a communal moment. After the welcome, greeting and opening prayer, have a block of hymns that will move the congregation into a partial Temple Pattern of Outer Court and Inner Court hymns. During the Pastoral Prayer, move into a time of Holy of Holies music. Or, if you are a Baptist, use the Invitation Prayer and the Invitation Song as a time of Holy of Holies. Pray about your present form and familiar order versus potential Presence and intimate, spiritual fellowship. But alas, this brings up a possible fear among traditional church leaders: What will really happen if my congregation encounters God?Will they roll on the floor, foam at the mouth and bark like dogs? Well preacher, they will if you permit that to happen. As a former preacher, I understand the fear of losing control. This is a common fear and Pastor Hayford sums it up this way: I wonder how many of us simply fear the possibility that if we transformed our worship, Gods power might actually manifest itself in a way we would be unable to control.10 The last time I read the Bible, it still contained a passage that said, For God is not a God of confusion but of peace, as in all the churches of the saints. (I Cor. 14:33) The context of this verse is the regulation of spiritual gifts (speaking in tongues, interpretation, prophesy, revelations, etc.) within the local church. The Apostle Paul ends his thought on this topic by saying,

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But let all things be done properly and in an orderly manner. (I Cor. 14:40) No confusionno chaosspirit of peacedecent and proper actionsan orderly manner of things!So pastor, are you afraid of these church attributes? Depending on your denomination, if something weird happens, the Senior Pastor or Worship leader is to bring orderYOU are the undershepherd of the flock. Listen, as a former Baptist minister, I had a good dose of Charisphobia! Dont laugh. There are numerous pastors that are so afraid that their congregation may be attracted to the Charismatic movement, that they will have nothing to do with contemporary Christian music, clapping, uplifted hands or tarrying before the Lord. Ive heard the fear vocalized with variations: If we wait on the Lord, someone in the congregation will do something strangeIf we tarry in His Presence, I just know something charismatic will happen If we seek after the Lord with our whole heart, I just know His Presence will be manifested and it will be Pentecost all over again hereNo way!if you want to find the Holy of Holies moment, find it on your own in your prayer closetBUT NOT IN MY CHURCH! There you have it. Charisphobia. Or, is it just a fear of the Presence and Power of the Almighty God? If we are that afraid of God and possible spiritual manifestations as a result of seeking Him, then we dont understand the nature of God. What is His true nature? God is love (I John 4:8b). John tells us: There is no fear in love; but perfect love casts out fear, because fear involves punishment, and the one who fears is not perfected in love. (I John 4:18) Friend, sing away this fear lets PRAISE Him!

Contemporary Outer Court Musings

This style of music is also different from church to church depending on your definition of contemporary. For some churches, the loudness of the music with songs from well-known Christians groups and artists are showcased. It can seem like an earshattering Rock concert or just another professional, entertainment venue. For others, contemporary music means not singing songs of the 1800s from a hymnbook but using recently written music. But again, how would a church person define recently written? For instance, I was attending one church where the pastor was musing over a parishioner who had said, Why cant we sing traditional songs from our hymnbook again? The pastor said, Like what older hymns did you have in mind? The man said, Oh, you know, like Majesty by Jack Hayford. The pastor replied, Sir, that is a relatively new song in fact, some would call it contemporary. The man vehemently replied, No way, its in the hymnbook! This is a true story. By the way, this song was written in 1981 and, at the writing of this book, Jack Hayford is still very much alive and worshipping heartily. So, lets hear it for updated hymnbooks! So again, we come full circle to ask the same question: At what point does contemporary Christian music become traditional music for the hymnbook? In the final analysis, you will have to grapple with this whole concept.

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My main concern is that any church using the music they feel comfortable with will also incorporate the Temple Pattern Model for their overall, church music service. Concerning Outer Court music for contemporary churches, I prefer music that has an identifiable melody and is high energy, but not necessarily appealing to the flesh. (For instance, heavy metal, Rock n Roll, Hip Hop, Rap, etc.) I know, I knowthis is a very subjective issue and I can just hear some Youth Pastors or younger believers say, We must use the music of the day to draw in the John Q. Pagan teenager. (Or Baby Boomer or Baby Buster or) I might agree to this kind of pre-evangelism if there was a separate church outreach. But again, my theology of the church involves ministering to the believers; equipping the saints for the work of service; teaching them the truths of Gods Word; fellowship; and most of all, helping to create an environment where we can praise God and worship Him in spirit and truth. Evangelizing John Q. Pagan with secularized music requires another venue. One worship author sees this tension as well: Some of the differences over worship seem rather superficial though they may generate heated debatesOften these differences rest on the question of whether services should be oriented to the unchurched visitor or the faithful church member.11 The Bible does not appear to teach that the gathering of believers (the local church) is the place to do evangelism although that will and should and can take place. Therefore, Im not in total agreement with seeker sensitive churches. We have enough baby food and spiritual milk in our churches right now. Sunday night teaching services are beginning to vanish. Wednesday night Bible studies are becoming rare. All thats left is the Sunday morning service. There is a hunger for the meat of the Word and a thirstiness of soul to draw close to Jesus in worshipon a corporate level! We need to rethink our calling and mission as the gathered body of believers. Are we going to continually water down the true nature of the Church in our vain attempt to attract the world into the local church? I tell you whatwhere people experience the Presence and Power of the Lord God Almighty, there you will find people gathering believers and unbelievers. Why?there is a deep spiritual longing that is not being satisfied in most Christiansand especially in unbelievers! Music is a key in helping to quench this spiritual thirst by moving us to a place of seeking and surrender. Contemporary churches do not have to compromise their music ministry with certain Outer Court music that is either offensive or questionable. Sure, weekly church rock concerts may attract young people to the Outer Court of the Lord, but is there a movement toward the heart of God? Do they even have a hunger to move toward the Holy of Holies in their quest to know the Lord in a deep and intimate way? I ask these questions because I am concerned about the state of the church. I also ask these questions because I dont see too many contemporary churches creating a musical environment to move from Outer Court to Inner Court to a Holy of Holies time. And, its not because that most

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Contemporary Christian Music is profane or worldly, as some have accused it of being. One well-known CCM critic, Dan Lucarini, goes so far as to call this music demonic: Where other devices have failed, Satans craftiness in deceiving us through contemporary Christian music has infiltrated the Church to the point that we now wholeheartedly embrace it.12 He is not alone. There are a handful of other critics that have written books about the CCM movementand they make harsh, generalized statements like the following author, Kimberly Smith: Satan has used contemporary Christian music to lead astray many young people who were once fully committed to the Lord.13 On the other hand, remember, theres always the other hand! Several authors who have watched the CCM movement say: Pop music is upbeat by nature and when you add uplifting lyrics about the Lord, its no wonder kids want to get up off their feet and start clapping their hands and moving.14 Whats frustrating is that both of the CCM critics that I cited later do turnarounds and say that not all CCM is bad. Now wait a minute! I feel a crazymaking session happening. If this music is of the devil, then how can some of it be good? The answer: Some lyrics are good; the beat is always bad! In Kimberly Smiths book Oh, Be Careful Little Ears, her whole thrust, from the first to the last chapter, is detailing why an unnatural beat is from the Pit. On the other hand, some writers in favor of CCM (who wrote the book What About Christian Rock?) add the following challenge: In many Christian circles, the beat, along with any other worldly properties is often grounds for instant condemnation of a tuneWe trust you will resist the temptation to brand music sinful because of its rhythm.15 Im not totally insensitive to the concerns of the CCM critics especially if a continual beat causes: distraction, fleshliness, sensuality, worldliness or drifting to the Dark Side. (Read my chapter on Raucous Rock n Roll.) Again, some contemporary churches make the mistake of having much of their song service, if not most of the worship time, filled with high energy, driving beat, ear-drum shattering music. The drums need to decrease (get quieter, back off, diminish) during the Inner Court stage of worship. And there may be a time I strongly recommend it when the drums stop altogether (Holy of Holies segment). During that time there may be a capella singing there is a quietnessa spiritual silencethat holy momentthe Holy Spirit is communing with your spiritthere is a holy hush! (Read my chapter on Holy of Holies Moments & Silence.) But, until then, when we first come togetherwe need a battle cry.

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Contemporary Outer Court Music

Outer Court music calls us to attention! We are soldiers in Gods army and we have victory through the finished work of Calvary. Its time to be jubilant! Therefore, I offer the following Outer Court music that has proven effective over the years. Does the phrase over the years make me, or the music, more traditional? (Sigh!) I have noticed that many of the songs I selected come from the 1980s. Yipes!some of these songs are over 20 years old. Holy moly!maybe I am drifting into archaic music that relates to my Baby Boomer/Jesus Movement generation. How you label music is pretty relative, isnt it? In any case, I believe these songs are infused with high energy and are filled with celebration. Some of you may agree with this list; some of you may disagree. Thats okay. Create your own list that is representative of your church style and degree of musical acceptance. Lets begin the Temple Pattern process. I have enjoyed the following Contemporary Outer Court music listed according to date: Look What the Lord Has Done (Mark David/Exaltation Music 1974) Garment of Praise ( David Ingles/David Ingles Music 1978) The Lord Reigns (Dan Stradwick/Scripture in Song 1980) Worship the Lord (Edwin Hawkins/Word Music 1981) In Him We Live (Randy Speir/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1981) I Will Enter His Gates (Author Unknown/Lillenas Publishing - 1982) Let Your Spirit Rise Within Me (Randy Speir/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1982) Be Bold, Be Strong! (Morris Chapman/Word Music 1984) You Are Crowned with Many Crowns (John Sellers/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1984) We Bring the Sacrifice of Praise (Kirk Dearman/Stamps Baxter Music 1984) My Life is in You, Lord (Daniel Gardner/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1986) Jesus, We Celebrate Your Victory (John Gibson/Maranatha! Music 1987) Shine, Jesus Shine (Graham Kendrick/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1987) Jesus is Alive (Ron Kenoly/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1987) What a Mighty God We Serve (Author Unknown/Maranatha! Music 1990) I Love to Be in Your Presence (Paul Baloche/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1990) Holy, Holy, Holy (Gary Oliver/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1991) Ancient of Days (Jamie Harvil & Gary Sadler/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1992) Cry of My Heart (Terry Butler/Mercy Publishing 1992) Ive Got the Victor Living in Me (Dave Bell/Dancing Heart Music 1992) Let the Walls Fall Down (John Barbour/Maranatha! Music 1993) Yes Lord, I Believe (Paul Baloche/Integritys Hosanna Music 1994) Jesus, You Are So Good (Jamie Harvill/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1995) Celebrate the Lord of Love (Paul Baloche/Intregritys Hosanna! Music 1995) I Love Your Grace (Rick Founds/Maranatha! Music 1996) Open the Eyes of My Heart (Paul Baloche/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1997)

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Minor Key/Jewish-Sounding Contemporary Songs:

Jehovah-Jireh (Merla Watson/Sound III, Inc. 1974) The Celebration Song (Brent Chambers/Maranatha! Music 1977) Victory Song (Dale Garratt/Maranatha! Music 1979) Cornerstone (Leon Patillo/Word Music 1982) The Mighty One of Israel (Jim Hendricks/Gaither Music Co. 1989) As you may have noticed, a majority of the songs I selected came from Integritys Hosanna! Music and Maranatha! Music. There are many other music publishers that have great Outer Court music as well. This is just a personal, partial listing. Again, my parting suggestions for Outer Court music, even if the song was written yesterday, is that the music should have an identifiable melody, be easy to sing and creates a sense (dare I say feeling?) of jubilation or celebration. Dont you want to leave the sanctuary humming the songs you sang that day? I doand I have!

Outer Court Music Procedures

Whether you are a traditional or contemporary church, Outer Court music is a valuable part of worship. But, it is so often misused. Keep this segment of music at the beginning of your worship service. Obviously, this kind of music is not calmingit is not conducive to personal reflectionit does not move you into a time of quiet meditation. Therefore, a worship leader or music director should not bounce back and forth between progressions. Once the leader has taken the church into the Inner Court, do not go back to an Outer Court song. And, if you have entered the Holy of Holies time of worship, definitely dont bounce back into an Outer Court song. To me, doing a bounce back comes close to spiritual abusemaybe done unknowingly, but still a spiritual hindrance and a possible stumbling block. Do you understand this principle? Ive been in church services where there was a slower song being sung and the Lord was beginning to melt hearts. There was a quiet moment you could sense the moving of Gods Presence and the congregants had a worshipful spirit. But the song director, because of time constraints or his pre-ordered agenda, immediately jumped back into an Outer Court songand, that special moment was gone. And, by the way, you can definitely alter a corporate mood and quench the Spirit. Instead of intimate communion and fellowshipping with the Savior, we were singing about Him again. This is a typical progressional mistake that is made in many contemporary services. Ive seen this mistake (procedural malfunction) perpetuated in conservative traditional churches as well. During the pastoral prayer, there may be slow and worshipful music playing in the background as the pastor is prayingit is a time of repentance and confessionhearts are openGod is movingthe pastor says, Amen and, for some reason, there is a bounce back into Outer Court celebration music. Whether its another hymn or a choir special, the music needs to be adjusted to that progressional moment.

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Or, after the pastor has delivered a powerful messagehearts are broken or touchedthe Spirit of the Living God is drawing people unto the Saviorsome are at a moment of spiritual surrenderand the pastor gives an invitation. Its a holy moment. The final song is crucial to this time of spiritual drawing. The Invitation Hymn or song should be a moving Inner Court or Holy of Holies song. Unfortunately, Ive seen ministers give a moving invitation only to be followed by an upbeat or Outer Court music for the final song. I attended one church for a period of time where the pastor did this every week and then he wondered why no one hardly ever came forward. If this is a somber or holy moment, then the song or music needs to reflect the moment. Rarely have I seen people go forward to receive Christ or be prayed for if the music is high energy or jubilation in orientation. The momentthe moodcalls for a different progression through the Temple pattern that person wants to meet with Jesusthat is a Holy of Holies moment. Are you grabbing this concept? It doesnt matter if you consider yourself an independent, fundamentalist minister, this pattern or musical mood applies to your services as well.

Praise Him with trumpet sound; praise Him with harp and lyre. Praise Him with timbrel and dancing; praise Him with stringed instruments and pipe. Praise Him with loud cymbals; praise Him with resounding cymbals. Let everything that has breath praise the Lord. (Psalm 150:3-6)

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Chapter 13 Inner Court (or Holy Court) Music

The songs of praise should become quieter after some time and have an emphasis on worship. (Archdiocese of Melbourne, Australia)

This type of music in the Temple Pattern is a crucial interconnection. It is a bridge from the Outer Court into the Holy of Holies. As a rule of thumb, Inner Court music should begin to slow down. While the intensity is still present, the tempo of the music diminishes and becomes quieter more reflection and introspective. The words of the music begin to point us toward a time of expectation, anticipation and meditation. Our time of praise (which is usually more horizontal in emphasis) starts moving toward vertical worship. According to an Internet teaching ministry, their Temple worship approach involves: Our song lists, ideally, should be patterned in this fashion. Praise would go first with its upbeat energy.When peoples hearts are softened and are in tune with God, then we enter into Gods presence with a royal and majestic style of worship.1 The words of the songs should engage our soul (the mind, will, and emotions) toward deeper truths. Inner Court (also know by some as the Holy Court) music begins to dwell more on the characteristics of the Lord and finding sanctuary in Him. Remember, this segment is an exciting time of expectancy! We may be singing about our dependence on Jesus, our weakness and His strength, Gods love, grace and mercy, and more intimate truths. This stage of worship prepares us to enter a unique spiritual and intimate dimension. Again, be sensitive to Gods Spirit and be prepared to make modifications in the song service. Spiritual spontaneity and divine discernment is a coveted aspect of effective worship musicand an effective worship leader. Depending on the mood and the moment, Inner Court music can easily move back into Outer Court music or move forward into Holy of Holies music. The Inner Court is a transitional time in our worship experience. This stage of music can be confusing if you arent familiar with the Temple Progression of moving into Gods Presence. Remember my analogy Outer Court music is like reading a letter from the love of your life; Inner Court music is like talking to your loved one on the telephone; and the Holy of Holies music is like being in the very presence of your beloved other. In a like manner, the Temple Pattern of worship music is a progression toward different levels of spiritual intimacy. In the Inner Court, you are doing some serious talking to your Beloved and intimately moving closer.

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Of course, if you havent noticed by now, the Temple Pattern that Im presenting is more adaptable for churches that have contemporary music than for traditional churches. Why the adaptability? Its the contemporary churches that usually have a reserved block of time for extended singing. Many Charismatic and non-denominational churches usually sing for 15 to 30 minutes! In these contexts, it is a workable and attainable goal to apply the worship progression and see unbelievable, spiritual results. I am convinced about this concept! In a liturgical and/or traditional church setting, Inner Court music has to be accomplished in one or two hymns. It is more of a challenge to accomplish the pattern because the service is usually so disjointed from the flow of music that is, greetings, opening prayer, announcements, offering, pastoral prayer, and so on. I must now repeat myself. In some traditional churches, I fear that hymns are seen as a necessary distraction or just a time-filler before the sermon. So many people do not sing with a spirit of expectancy. Lets put corporate worship in a shocking perspective: Imagine for a moment that Jesus arrived at a Sunday morning service in a visible, human form. What impact would His presence have on the singing?2 For the traditional church setting, consider re-arranging your Order of Service so there is a block of time to sing hymns in a progressive way maybe leading up to the pastoral prayer. (By leading up I mean: descending in tempo and expectantly moving closer and tenderly ascending in humble adoration!) Obviously, song selection is a subjective exercise. My hymns or choruses may not fit your church situation. Fine. Pick your own appropriate Inner Court music as long as you are following the pattern or spiritual flow. Does this make sense to you? Please understand that music must flow like a stream during the worship service. It has a beginning place and moves toward an ending place. The Inner Court is the middle of this fantastic journey.

Traditional Inner Court Music

Keep in mind that the Inner Court songs are still expressive but more introspective dealing with the truths of Gods Word and His character. The tempo, while upbeat in some instances, is beginning to slow down. The congregation is moving from celebration to meditation. (In this context, meditation means thinking about, focusing in and reflecting on the things of God.) The following selection (in order of dates) provides some possible Inner Court hymns for traditional churches. A Mighty Fortress (Martin Luther 1529) There is a Fountain (William Cowper 1771) All Hail the Power of Jesus Name (Perronet 1779) Fairest Lord Jesus (Munster 1677; Music arr. 1850) Savior, Like a Shepherd Lead Us (William Bradbury 1859)

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My Jesus, I Love Thee (Featherstone 1862) Take the Name of Jesus with You (Baxter 1870) Beneath the Cross of Jesus (Clephane 1872) Blessed Assurance (Fanny Crosby 1873) How Great Thou Art (Carl Boberg 1885) His Eye is on the Sparrow (Civilla Martin 1905) In the Garden (C. Austin Miles 1912) The Old Rugged Cross (George Bennard 1913) Great is Thy Faithfulness (Chisholm/Runyan 1923) Of course, many more great hymns of yesteryear could be added to this list. These songs are given as a sampling for you to consider. Notice that the tempo of these tunes is not quite as fast as the marching rhythm of the Outer Court hymns but still upbeat. The Inner Court hymns deal with doctrinal truths about the Lords character and His accomplished work. These songs should have deep, spiritual significance and for some, an emotional impact. This music is setting the stage for the pastoral prayer or a time of personal meditation. As a side note to Directors of Music, you do not have to sing every verse in the hymn. Some music leaders feel obligated sometimes compulsively in doing the song writer justice by singing every verse of the hymn. Be familiar with the content of the hymn. Then, select the verses that will tie into the theme or topic of the sermon. Also, while some church leaders may rebel at this next thought, I suggest putting the hymns on an overhead projector. Why? It will get the peoples faces out of the hymnbook and looking up at the screen and/or director. The singing will sound louder as the voices are not buried in a book nor are the mouths pointing downward. Now, we all know that hymnbooks are expensive. This may be a major objection if its a small church. We also realize that putting the words on an overhead will take time, effort, and more money. But, the benefits may pay off in the long rununless you think that this will be the slippery slope into adapting that vulgar, profane, self-centered, demonic contemporary Christian music. (The last phrase of biting sarcasm was thrown in free of charge!so, please forgive menot for it being free of charge, but for the sarcasm. Sigh!)

Contemporary Inner Court Music

My life was changed listening to the praise and worship music coming out of Integritys Hosanna!, Maranatha, Vineyard/Mercy, ZionSong, Hillsongs, Scripture in Song, Birdwing music, Word music and other terrific publishers. It frustrates me to no end when I hear critics lump the whole Contemporary Christian Music Movement together in one discredited heap. It is not only unfair but it does a disservice to the Body of Christ. There have been powerful songs, and doctrinally sound lyrics, coming out of this musical revival era. I have been blessedas well as countless other believers!

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Because many contemporary churches dont know how to effectively use music to usher believers into Gods inner sanctum, I have listed more songs for the worship leaders to consider. Again, Ive heard well-meaning leaders start a service with a Holy of Holies song or chorus and then bounce back to an Outer Court song. Their rationale was to quiet peoples hearts and minds first, and then begin to celebrate. Sometimes that works. Sometimes that kind of selection creates experiential confusion. After having said this, I dont want the Temple Musical Pattern being presented to become the new spiritual legalism even contemporary churches can develop another meaningless ritual. I do want pastors and worship leaders to realize that establishing intimacy and moving closer in a relationship is a process. And, as I said, a process can be enjoyable and filled with anticipation; it does not, and should not, consist of emotionless rote or robotic behavior. Some music directors start with an Inner Court song, which is acceptable, but fail to realize that they determine the tempo and are responsible for the direction of the worship service. Some have started out with slower Inner Court songs and then have spent a good portion of time transitioning into the Holy of Holies segment. Thats fine. Be open and receptive to the leading of the Holy Spirit. But overall, the Temple progression works and has proven true. Now, I know that some well-intentioned Christians may say, You cant program or manipulate God to do things!You cant have a neat little method of moving of His Spirit! While this statement is so true, the attitude is so cold and spiritually unfamiliar with loving, interpersonal truths. Again, one of my favorite Bible verses says: Draw near to God and He will draw near to you. (James 4:8) Or, consider this verse as a confidence booster for holy place worship: Since therefore, brethren, we have confidence to enter the holy place by the blood of Jesuslet us draw near with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith (Hebrews 10:19, 22a) So, the Temple Progression is simply a musical way to draw near to God. And, what is the promise? He will draw near to us. Whether these verses incorporate a method, pattern, program, progression or whatever, they sound like winners to meand the desire of my heart! There are hundreds of moving Inner Court songs and choruses. Please feel free to pick you own as you now know the general direction were headed. In fact, after this book has circulated for a number of years, these contemporary songs Ive listed may well end up in a hymn book! Anyway, here are some possible titles listed according to the year that Ive selected for Contemporary Inner Court music: I Just Came to Praise the Lord (Wayne Romero/Paragon 1975) Give Thanks (Henry Smith/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1978) A Shield About Me (Thomas-Williams/Word Music 1980) You Are My Hiding Place (Michael Ledner/Maranatha 1981) Exodus XV (Frank Gallo/Mercy Publishing 1982) As the Deer Panteth (Martin Nystrom/Maranatha 1984) I Will Come and Bow Down (Martin Nystrom/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1984)

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Lord, I Lift Your Name on High (Rick Founds/Maranatha! Music 1989) White as Snow (Leon Olguin/Maranatha! Music 1990) The Power of Your Love (Geoff Bullock/Word Music 1992) Shout to the Lord (Darlene Zschech/Hillsongs 1993) I Could Sing of Your Love Forever (Martin Smith/EMI 1994) Show Me Your Ways (Russell Fragar/Hillsongs 1995) Open the Eyes of My Heart (Paul Baloche/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1997) Come, Now is the Time to Worship (B. Doerksen/Vineyard 1998) Here I Am To Worship (Tim Hughes/Worship Together 2004) Ive seen the Lord break into the worship service at any part of the music presentation. It doesnt just have to be Holy of Holies singing that causes Him to move. The phrases breaking into or the Lord moving has different interpretations depending on your denomination or biblical background. In Charismatic or Pentecostal circles, Gods moving or breaking into a service may mean spiritual gifts being manifested. For instance, one charismatic, teaching organization gives this insight: Be sensitive not to let people delivering a prophetic message or song abruptly change the mood or style of the service thus far. If the worship service has come to a point of, say, intimate repentance, and the deliverer suddenly changes key and does an up-beat Gospel number, the Spirit is quenched and the musicians are aggravated.3 Or, in non-charismatic churches, Gods moving could mean a holy hush, deep conviction, repentance or a time of spiritual surrender. The point is that a worship service should draw you into the presence of God whether traditional or contemporary in your style. And, prayerfully, you will know when He is present! I must continue to reiterate a doctrinal corrective: that is, this Temple pattern is not forcing the hand of God it is a means of drawing close to Him and seeking spiritual intimacy. Sometimes there is such a spirit of joy and celebration in the opening Outer Court song that the power of God to begins to move upon the congregation. Sometimes just one song from the Inner Court will cause a sense of awe like Shout to the Lord (Hill Songs) and the congregation senses the overwhelming Presence of Gods Spirit. And at other times, the song service is like the peeling of they layers of an onion before our hearts are surrendered and we have a desire to break through usually as a result of the musical progression leading us to the throne room of God and the communal intimacy of the Holy of Holies. Biblically, I dont know of any verse where you can command the Holy Spirit to act. The Temple Pattern in our musical worship is not a demand but an invitation. We are inviting the Spirit of the Living God to move in our midst as we praise and worship the King of kings and Lord of lords! We are instructed to actively seek the Lord and love Him with all our heart, soul, mind and strength. When we do that, I believe we are inviting Gods Spirit to commune with us in a deep and intimate way.

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Just writing about this is causing me to want to bow down, open my heart and worship the King of kings! I can identify with the following quote: At some point, then, will come the thirsting for Him. Your soul will thirst for God. David said in Psalm 42:1-2 As the deer pants And this is exactly what happens to us. Our soul thirsts to come before the living God; it thirsts for His presence.4 Continue to ponder this transitional part of the worship service that will help create an environment conducive to being in His Presence. Our desire is to approach Him on an intimate (not flippant) level as well as in a loving way. Always remember that our spiritual confidence, because of Christs finished work on our behalf, is a biblical approach to worship. This heavenly position we have as His children grants us the privilege to approach the inner throne room of grace of our Heavenly Father. Thank You, Lord!

The Lord is my strength and my song; He has become my salvation. He is my God, and I will praise Him, my fathers God, and I will exalt Him. (Exodus 15:2)

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Chapter 14 Holy of Holies Music

True musical worship is a journey, from point A which is us down here to point Z which is the presence of God. (The Christian Student Equipper)

This is the most coveted progression of the Temple Pattern of musical worship. Therefore, I will spend more time dealing with Holy of Holies music and the process of entering in. This phase of music helps to usher us into the presence of God as we love and adore Him. This is pure vertical, spiritual communion! As much as humanly possible, we begin to experience intimate fellowship and union with the Lord. The physical aspect of worship fades away; the soul quiets down (racing thoughts, mental struggles, surrender problems, etc.); and our spirit intertwines with His Spirit in humble adoration. One Charismatic leader offers his unique insight: David declares that his flesh longs for God, while his soul thirsts (Psalm 63). Isaiah, meanwhile, in 26:9, says that with his spirit he will seek God. So we have the flesh longing for God, the soul thirsting, and the spirit seekingIt is noteworthy that in Moses accounts of the Tabernacle we find: the Outer Court, which is symbolic of the flesh; the Holy Place (or Inner Court), which is symbolic of the soul; and the Holy of Holies, which is symbolic of the spirit. Longing takes one to the Outer Court; thirsting takes one to the Holy Place; and seeking leads one to the Holy of Holies.1 This time happens so rarely in most churches. Entering into this segment of worship is a holy moment. Again, some people have said, Its like a piece of Heaven captured in a moment of time! During this period of spiritual communion, you can sense His Presence so strongly, its like you can reach out and embrace Jesus. For those that have experienced this divine moment, they say: I never wanted it to end! Why do people say this? As you continue to adore Him and totally surrender to His love, He begins to minister to you and you feel His love being poured out upon you. I know, this sounds inconsistent with the progression Ive presented. The question arises, Isnt feel tied into the physical (Outer Court) or the soul-realm of emotions (Inner Court) and not the spiritual (Holy of Holies)? Good question. Im not a theologian although I have a seminary degree. Im not a psychologist although Ive been a pastoral counselor. Im not a physician although Im very familiar with how my body works. These are the complex dynamics of our tripartite human being that is, we are body, soul and spirit. I believe those aspects of our being are separate and distinct and yet intertwined and work together. As Christians, our spirits have been made alive (or regenerated) by the Holy Spirit. We can discern or appraise things in the spiritual realm, according to I Cor. 2:10-14

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. Spiritual phenomenon goes through the filter of my body and soul as well. Therefore, there are times that I feel things or sense them in my spirit. There seems to be an ongoing attack, by various Traditionalists, concerning churches or Christians that are experiential or feelings oriented. For those coming from a Reformed tradition (or many Baptist denominations), you have been taught to distrust feelings. Its Sola Scriptura that is, the Bible alone and its the truth of Gods Word, not emotions, that move us toward God. While its true that we are to put our faith in the facts of Gods Word and not our feelings, we cant deny our feelings nor should we suppress emotions. How can you read the Psalms only from an intellectual point of view? The Psalmists, especially David, oozed emotions both positive and negative! One worship teachers goes so far as to say: (Concerning Davids worship-style in Psalms), we can conclude that: God not only is unopposed to emotional worship, He welcomes it.2 In Hebrew thinking, they saw their being as a total unit (body, emotions, the spirit); the Greeks compartmentalized their being. Some believers have adapted a Greek interpretation to the point of Gnosticism, Asceticism or Stoicism in their Christian living and outlook. For instance: Its knowing the Word that only counts; not what I feel. Or, the philosophy of: I will die to my emotions and only seek knowledge! I call this the Christian version of the Star Trek Vulcan knowledge and logic rules; total self-control over the emotions and denial of them. Unfortunately, this sci-fi axiom applies to a certain segment of Christians: knowledge is sacred; feelings are sacrilegious. Im pretty sure this mentality can eventually lead to heresy. In fact, some Contemporary Christians feel that this is the status of the Traditional Christians. Do you sense the tension? On the other hand, there is always the other hand! (I still like this Fiddler on the Roof quote.) There are some Christians who go to another extreme teaching of the ancient Greeks and are guided solely by their feelings or impressions without guidance from Gods Word. They glorify what they feel as an emotional leading from the Lord. During the Apostle Pauls time, he dealt with a variety these people some of the feelings groups were called Epicureans, Libertines, and Antinomians. The philosophy of these groups was basically: Live, love, laugh, feel, eat, drink, and be merry! They indulged their five senses. Im sure these feeling-driven motivations can lead to heresy as well. Some Traditionalists believe this is the spirit or teaching of the Contemporary Christian Music Movement. Hmmmconnect the dots! When approaching our Lord in loving worship, how would each of our two groups describe love? A Traditionalist might say: Love is an action. It has nothing to do with an emotionWe are to love God regardless of what we are feeling. A Contemporary might say: When I love God with all my heart, soul, mind and strength, that includes my emotionsKnowing that Im loved causes me to feel accepted. Who is right? Both are partially right. When it comes to worship, the total human temple is involved body, soul (mind, emotions, and will) and spirit.

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But, too often, one or two aspects of the human temple are missing in our quest for meaningful worship. What is the result? Throughout the church today we can see a fruitless style of worship worship without expectation, worship without the manifest presence of God.3 If a believer does not come with a heart of jubilation, expectation and adoration during worship, and if the Pastor or Worship leader does not provide a corporate outlet to do this for the believers, then there probably will not be the manifest Presence of God. On the other hand, once you experience spiritual union in the Holy of Holies when you are totally surrendered and humbly adoring Him and He reciprocates with His love toward you you will never want to go back to church as usual. Listen to the heart of this worship leader: We have merely glimpsed the glory of God a few small drops in the ocean of His splendor. We live with a constant thirst for more of Him in our lives.4

Experiential Observations
How do you know when youve approached the Holy of Holies in your time of worship? How do you know when Gods Presence is surrounding you, upon you, within you, and communing with you? Its hard to explain and put into words. Its like trying to explain an incredibly beautiful sunset to a person who has been born blind. Benny Hinn, who is familiar with leading a congregation into a Holy of holies worship time, says: When praise eruptsand is genuineyou will know that you are in the Holy Place. Every part of your being will be thanking Him even for those things that an hour ago you could not thank Him for. Everything will become beautiful.5 I am also absolutely enthralled with Anne Ortlunds final chapter entitled Suppose It Really Happens in her book Up With Worship: How to Quit Playing Church. When we finally proceed into the Holy of Holies through worship, this is how she describes it: He descends over all the people like a canopy and together you become aware that youre in a new dimension. Youve broken into glory!6 Permit me to put her last chapter title into a question for you to ponder: Suppose it really happens? At this point, some may accuse me of being a mystic or overlyexperiential or spiritualistic or hyper-charismatic or whatever. Im familiar with labels. As a minister from a traditional standpoint for over twenty years, I used to throw around derogatory labels as well as negative connotations toward those who seemed like spiritual radicals or those who were overly, heavenly-minded.

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Its the attitude that says: When I worship, I will worship with dignity and decorum! Jack Hayford calls this the Michal Syndrome. His insight into worship amazes me by opening up new avenues of truth. He defines the worship philosophy of some Christians by saying: Michals Syndrome is characterizes those of us who are more preoccupied with our style, sophistication or dignity than we are with being childlike in praising God.7 Some of you traditionalists reading this right now know exactly what I mean. There is an attitude, conscious or subconscious, that says, Control is everything we must avoid any appearance of fanaticism we must not let ourselves get too worked up worship must be done decently and in order what if something weird happens blah, blah, blah. Im sure this list could extend for several more pages! Perhaps undiscovered territory or the unknown is just plain scary! If youve never experienced something before, there is a fear or hesitancy involved in moving into the new experience. I understand this. Been there done that! And yet, how ironic that a pastor would fear moving his congregation into the Presence of God. I disagree with various TV or radio preachers who say, We are in the midst of a revivalwe are beginning to see a fresh move of the Holy Spirit across our landGod is renewing His Church. We have seen pockets of revivalwe have experienced a limited moving of Gods Spiritbut, be honest, a true revival?I think not. But I am seeing something that is brewing among the Body of Christ: a deep spiritual thirst and hunger for the Presence of the Lord. One evangelist, LaMar Boschman, affirms this idea: There is a desire for the Presence of God. Many Christians are longing for spiritual impetus in their worship and are experiencing dissatisfaction with a worship service that is routine and lacking of spiritual power. Worshiping churches seek to develop a worship that is open to the Presence of God, aware of mystery and committed to participation of all.8 Even among some contemporary evangelicals, there is a fear of progressing too far into the Holy of Holies because of possible past phenomenon that theyve heard about or read about or even experienced. Listen, I am the first to agree that excesses can have negative repercussions on a believer and an unbeliever. And, from my perspective and understanding, any excesses demonstrated during a holy moment that interferes with worship can be fleshly or even demonic. On the other hand, I think it would be helpful to define excess. Are we talking about laughing uncontrollably? How about barking, screaming, yelling, or rolling on the floor while foaming at the mouth? What about falling backwards like the person is fainting dead away (slain in the Spirit)? Speaking in an unknown tongue? Prophesying? What?! Again, I guess it depends on your denominational background and doctrinal training. Would crying be considered an excess? Would bowing down or prostrating yourself on the floor be considered over-the-top? How about lifting your hands toward heaven

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while repeating, Thank you, Jesus!is that extreme? I knowI knowjust talking about these things is causing some traditionalists to say, Hold on there! Ill never enter the Holy of Holies during worship if these things happen! May I get blunt and in-yourface at this juncture, dear fundamentalist friend? Dont try to fool anybodyyouve personally experienced great emotion and conviction during your services as well. How? When? Where? Some of my spiritual pilgrimage involves getting saved in a fundamentalist, Baptist church as a pre-teen. This kind of church service is centered around the sermon (usually evangelistic) and the Invitation. If a powerful sermon on salvation (or surrender) is given and then a prolonged alter call, tell me, dear pastor, that you havent seen people come forward broken under the weight of sin?! Some of these people are on their knees at the altar crying, weeping, shaking uncontrollably because of deep conviction. You say in your heart, The Lord has used His Word through me and Gods Spirit has brought this person to a point of brokenness and surrender. Thats a crowning moment for youthey are feeling the weight of sin and the convicting, drawing power of the Holy Spirit. Pastor, are you embarrassed that there is an outbreak of emotions as this persons spirit is getting regenerated? Are they not experiencing a holy moment? Sometimes Damascus Road Experiences are part and parcel to encountering the Living God. Because worship is a conversation, and not a mere review of the past, it is dynamic, unpredictable, and open-ended.9 I knowmost pastors can handle dynamic but they are very uncomfortable with worship being open-ended and especially unpredictable. Hey, let not your heart be troubled! When we look to the Bible for our rule of thumb for Christian living and experience, we dont see believers actually encountering God (being in His Presence) where there is laughing, giddiness, floating backwards or jubilant dancing. Now, in the Outer Court when there is celebration and jubilation, and in the Inner Court when there is intense meditation and expectation and a person is worshipping God, there can be an outbreak of emotions as well as physical manifestations. But, in that actual moment of encounter, where deep is calling out to deep, there is usually a sense of awe and humility. Perhaps this time of entering the Holy of Holies being in Gods Presence is to understand the fear of the Lord. Its difficult to put this concept into words.

Holy Happenings
From what Ive personally experienced, seen, heard and read about, there may be an initial sense of wretchedness, feeling undone, unworthy, unclean, humbled, contrite, broken, or a surrendered condition of being spiritually prostrate (bowed-down-ness), as you enter the Holy of holies segment. In the beginning, there may be tears of humility or an intense feeling of finiteness. After all, He is absolutely holy! I agree with this author:

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Theres a time in worship to be joyful, content and even comfortable. But there also comes a time when God will make us distinctly uncomfortable. He puts us under the spotlight of His holiness, where we begin to search our hearts ever more closely.10 Or, another author presents her insight on experiencing Gods Presence: Gods presence is such a cleansing fire, confession and repentance are always there.11 Many scholars quote the experience of Isaiah when he encountered the Holiness of God and felt unclean. Here is the account: I saw the Lord sitting on a throne, lofty and exalted, with the train of His robe filling the temple. Seraphim stood above Himand one called out to another and said, Holy, Holy, Holy, is the Lord of hosts, the whole earth is full of His glory. And the foundations of the thresholds trembled at the voice of Him who called out, while the temple was filling with smoke. Then I said, Woe is me, for I am ruined (or undone)! Because I am a man of unclean lips, and I live among a people of unclean lips; for my eyes have seen the King, the Lord of hosts. (Isaiah 6:1-5) Obviously, Isaiah was initially overwhelmed and humbled being in Gods presence. And yet, the Lord forgave his sins and even invites Isaiah into His service. Isaiah responds to the call in Isa. 6:8 by saying: Here am I. Send me! What a beautiful scenario. No condemnation from God Who is about to commission a confessing and willing servant. How does this make you feel? I must answer that question by going down a rabbit trail for a moment. What concerns me is when certain theologians or preachers use the I am undone theme and turn into a permanent doctrine of Worm Theology which includes the teaching of Gods holy transcendence and His unapproachable nature. This is an Old Testament concept. Come on!we should all see the Lords mercy, love and grace in this passage as well as Isaiahs bold response and that, while still being in Gods presence. Jack Hayford gives this commentary: Isaiah relates his suddenly being stricken with a sense of his unworthiness as the pure power of Gods presence shakes the placeJust as with Isaiah, living worship will increase our sense of His holiness and our unworthiness, but it also makes room for a transforming encounter which will purge our sin.12 Why was Isaiah so bold?because his unclean lips and sins were forgiven. I mean, he went from worm to warrior Im undone! to Here am I. Send me! The bottom line is: When the finite (us) meets the Infinite (Him) with a surrendered heart, we recognize our insignificance without Him but our invincibility with Him. That is, when the Lord gives us a loving call to service, we can have the confidence that He will be with us and fulfill His mission. After all, we have this promise:

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For I am confident of this very thing, that He who began a good work in you will perfect it until the day of Christ Jesus. (Phil. 1:6) When it comes to musically moving into the Holy of holies, as we stay in the Presence of God, His Spirit will minister to us in waves of grace, forgiveness, mercy and most of all love. Remember our Hebrews verse - because we are clothed with Christs righteousness, we can confidently come before His very throne of grace. I believe this boldness does not precede brokenness, but proceeds it. We are only bold because of the grace we have received by faith and a belief in His unconditional love because we are His children. This may remind some of you about the Prodigal Son. After this son left his father and lived in rebellion for a period of time, he came to his senses and wanted to go back to his home. This wayward child knew he would have to face his dad. He rehearsed his apology and was even willing to be treated like a slave. He was broken, contrite, humbled and was willing to bow down before his father like a servant. And yet, the father, seeing him in the distance, ran toward him and embraced him. The father loved on him in an incredible way. As the son opened his mouth in contrition and began to recite his apology, the father interrupted him thats right, he cut him off in mid-stream to announce his never-ending love for his formerly wayward child and reaffirms his sonship and status in the family. He ministers to his son physically, mentally, emotionally, and physically. I get the chills just thinking about this story. And the son said to him, Father, I have sinned against heaven and in your sight; I am no longer worthy to be called your son. But the father said to his slaves, Quickly bring out the best robe and put it on him, and put a ring on his hand and sandals on his feet; and bring the fattened calf, kill it, and let us eat and be merry (Luke 15:21-23) This is a powerful picture of what its like to enter that Holy of Holies moment! We know weve strayed; we know we dont deserve His mercy; we are broken and humbled in His presence; we confess our wrongs; and in the midst of this, the Father quickly draws near to us and loves us. He loves us with an unconditional love thats difficult to comprehend; and in that precious moment, God ministers to us spiritually, mentally, emotionally, and physically. The more I write about this, the hungrier I become to be in His presence. And, of course, in this context I am not talking about dying I am talking about a living relationship and communing with Him on a intimate level in a moment of time. This requires that there be time and be a time. Obviously, we need to seek God and find this holy moment apart from the corporate church worship service. So, lets not totally blame the local church for not meeting our spiritual needs. If we are sensing a spiritual dearth or emptiness in our life, we are responsible to remedy that. As the old preaching anecdote goes: If God feels far away from you, ask yourself the question, Who moved? While music, and biblical truths set to music, can help create an environment conducive to worship and entering the Holy of Holies, do not depend on this avenue as the sole method of meeting with the Lord.

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We need to be prayed up, praised up and powered up before we enter a church worship service. Anne Ortlund pointed says: Christian, its up to you, when you come to church, to worship. Nobody can do it for youYou, personally, must lift your heart to God and say, How can I please You today, Father?13 I am so guilty of not doing this. Thats right. I freely admit that many times I enter a church service and leave saying, The music didnt move me or minister to my spirit. Boo hoo! (Uh-oh, Im throwing an emotional pity-party!) While some church services are just plain cold, sterile, and boring, that is not an excuse for me, or you, not to seek hard after God! So, a church that will follow the Temple Pattern of musical worship will help to enhance your goal of being in His Presence.

Entering In
Again, the Outer Court is a time of celebration singing about God and our victory in Him. The Inner Court is a time of intense reflection and expectation concerning the character of God and our love for the Bridegroom. The Holy of Holies is that moment when we personally sing to Jesus and we sense a withness or intimate communion. There is usually a quietness during this time that I will explain in detail a little later. In this Inner Sanctum, something is happening to my spirit. Again, I like the way this Charismatic leader says it: In the Outer Court, my mouth was talking to God. In the Holy Place (or Inner Court), my soul was talking. In the Holy of Holies, my spirit talks deep calling unto deep (Psalm 42:7).14 As you progress into this time of spiritual communion, there may be different phases of the Holy of Holies music. Some of the songs sung could be seen as the latter part of the Inner Court worship music. As we begin to sing about His glory, holiness, honor and power, we are humbled in His Presence. As we enter into a time of loving adoration, we sense a union of His Presence and we intimately commune with Him. We dont have to be over-analytical or legalistic in our worship setting. Just keep in mind that we are progressing or ascending toward the King. For me, the Inner Court can be divided into two sections as well music that comes from the Outer Court and music that begins the entrance into the Holy of Holies. Sometimes, it can be one particular song that transitions the worshippers into the Holy of Holies. Let me share some contemporary transitional songs so you can get a sense of this stage of worship:

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Inner Court Flowing into Holy of Holies Songs

A Shield About Me (D. Thomas/Word Music 1980) At the Cross (Terry & Randy Butler/Mercy Vineyard 1993) Change My Heart, O God (Eddie Espinoza/Mercy Publishing 1982) Come into the Holy of Holies (John Sellers/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1984) Here I Am To Worship (Tim Hughes/Worship Together 2004) Holy Spirit, Thou Art Welcome (Dottie Rambo & David Huntsinger/Benson Co. 1977) How Awesome is Your Name (Integritys Hosanna Music 1995) I Could Sing of Your Love Forever (Martin Smith/Curious? Music 1994) I Will Never Be the Same (Geoff Bullock/Word Music 1996) Its Your Blood (Michael Christ/Mercy Vineyard 1985) Jesus, Love of My Soul (John Enzy, Daniel Grul & McPherson/Hillsongs 1992) Let Your Glory Fall (Daniel Ruiz/Mercy Vineyard 1993) Lord of the Heavens (Lucy Fisher/Hillsongs 1996) Open Our Eyes (Bob Cull/Maranatha Music 1976) The Power of Your Love (Geoff Bullock/Word Music 1992) Purify My Heart (Eugene Greco/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1990) Shout to the Lord (Darlene Zscech/Hillsongs 1993) Spirit Song (John Wimber/Mercy Publishing 1979) Take Me in to the Holy of Holies (Dave Browning/Gloria Alleluia Music 1986) Welcome Into This Place (Orlando Juarez/High Praise Publishing 1991) White As Snow (Leon Olguin/Maranathas! Music 1990) Worthy (Rick Cook/Benson Co. 1977) Since you know the general teaching of the Temple Pattern of worship music, select your own songs (more newly written) appropriate to the progression. Let me introduce you to some of my own personal Holy of holies song selections that seem appropriate for this worship stage:

Contemporary Holy of Holies Songs

Agnus Dei (Michael W. Smith/Milene Music 1990) Awesome in this Place (Dave Billington/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1992) Be Glorified (Billy Funk/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1991) Be Magnified (Lynn DeShazo/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1992) Draw Me Close (Kelly Carpenter/Mercy Vineyard 1994) Exalted (Betty Nicholson/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1986) Glorify Thy Name (Donna Adkins/Maranatha! Music 1976) Glory to the Lamb (Larry Dempsey/ZionSong Music 1983) Great are You Lord (Steve Cook/Maranatha! Music 1984) Holy, Holy Holy is the Lord of Hosts (Nolene Prince/Scripture in Song 1986) Holy, Holy Lord (Jimmy Owens/Maranatha! Music 1989) I Just Want to Praise You (Arthur Tannous/Action Music 1984) I Sing Praises to Your Name (Terry MacAlmon/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1989)

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I Stand in Awe of You (Mark Altrogge/Destiny Music 1988) I Want to Be Where You Are (Don Moen/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1989) I Will Come and Bow Down (Martin Nystrom/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1984) I Worship You, Almighty God (Sondra Corbett/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1983) In Your Hands (Rueben Morgan/Hillsongs 1996) Jesus, Lord to Me (Greg Nelson & Gary McSpadden/River Oaks Music 1981) Jesus, What a Wonder You Are (Dave Bolton/Maranatha! Music 1987) Let There Be Glory and Honor and Praise (Greeneish/Integritys Hosanna Music 1978) Lets Just Praise the Lord (Bill Gaither/Bill Gaither Music 1972) Lord, Be Glorified (Bob Kilpatrick/Lillenas Publishing 1984) Majesty (Jack Hayford (Rocksmith Music 1981) Oh, the Glory of Your Presence (Steven Fry/Birdwing Music 1983) O Lord, Youre Beautiful (Keith Green/Birdwing Music 1980) Theres a Sweet, Sweet Spirit in This Place (Doris Akers 1963) We Sing Alleluia (Walt Harrah/Maranatha! Music 1988) Where the Spirit of the Lord Is (Stephen Adams/The Benson Co. 1973) Worthy is the Lamb (Gerald Schlabach/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1974) Songs for the holy moment are continually being written. Again, add your own Holy of holies music to these selections. The songs of yesterday that I selected are still proving effective as a congregation progresses through the Temple Pattern of worship music. At the time of this writing, I continue to enjoy the Australian Hillsongs music and the choir arrangements of the Brooklyn Tabernacle Choir. The Vineyard movement (Mercy music), Calvary Chapel movement (Maranatha! Music) and Intergritys Hosanna! Music, continue to produce powerful songs and choruses as well as many other Christian music publishers.

My SPECIAL Holy of Holies Song Selection:

I have added my personal picks that seem to have a unique anointing when they are sung corporately. Maybe you have your own as you were especially moved during a worship service. Add your personal favorites to this list as the Lord would lay certain songs on your heart that youd consider part of the Holy of Holies progression: Alleluia (Jerry Sinclair/Manna Music 1972) Breathe (Marie Barnett/Vineyard-Mercy Music 1996) Glory to the Lamb (Larry Dempsey/ZionSong Music 1983) He is Lord (Unknown/Lillenas Publishing Co. 1984) Holy Ground (Geron Davis/Meadowgreen Music Co. 1983) I Exalt Thee (Pete Sanchez, Jr./Maranatha! Music 1977) I Love You, Lord ((Laurie Klein/Maranatha! Music 1978) Lord, We Praise You (Otis Skillings/Lillenas Pub. 1972) No Higher Calling (Lenny LeBlanc/Doulos Publishing 1989) Spirit of the Living God (Daniel Iverson/Birdwing Music 1965) This is Holy Ground (Christopher Beatty/Birdwing Music 1982)

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To Him Who Sits on the Throne (Debbye Graafsma/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1984) You Are My God (Macon Delevan/Integritys Hosanna! Music 1984) We Are Standing on Holy Ground (Geron Davis/Meadowgreen Music 1983) When I Look Into Your Holiness (Wayne Perrin/Integritys Hosanna Music 1976)

Traditional Holy of Holies Moments

Church traditionalism takes many forms depending on the denomination. If you are a liturgical church (Catholic, Episcopalian, some Lutheran and Presbyterian), your holy moment is not from a block of worship music. Your time usually comes during communion. Therefore, the Senior Minister or Director of Music needs to select vertical music during that time the lyrics and/or the tempo need to be careful select for this spiritually communal moment. In a traditional evangelical or biblically conservative church (Baptist, Nazarene, Wesleyan), the Holy of Holies moment may be either during the Pastoral Prayer (which is usually pretty long) or the Invitation (the music after the sermon is delivered). The Pastoral Prayers in these denominations usually are geared toward sanctification and the Invitation Hymn is usually directed toward salvation. In either situation, the pastor is praying that the Holy Spirit moves in a special way on the congregant. Therefore, the Music Director needs to be discerning on the selection of music that will move people close to the Lord. Even in the evangelical movement or among fundamentalist churches, communion is also a time when music can create an atmosphere for drawing close to Jesus. As a Pastor or Worship Leader within these churches, if your music seems to be Outer Court or Inner Court, try switching it to Holy of Holies music. In a traditional or liturgical church setting, I suggest having the Pastoral Prayer accompanied by the organ and/or piano using a Holy of Holies hymn while he prays. Many times the pastoral prayer is a reflective, meditative and introspective time when the Lord can move upon hearts. I highly recommend soft, familiar music in the background as the pastor prays. And if its hard for the pastor to concentrate when the music is playing, then he needs to learn to adapt to this new situation. Sure, there is a time for total silence. Pastors and Music Directors need to be sensitive to Gods leading and moving. But Holy of holies music will enhance the prayer and make the atmosphere conducive to fellowshipping with the Lord. This, in turn, prepares the congregants hearts for the message. Please indulge me with another side note and personal perspective. Even though I was a Baptist minister for over twenty years, I must share my problem-areas concerning the philosophy of a sermon. I have found it disconcerting that many conservative Baptist churches, and Independent Bible or fundamentalist churches, have a tendency to preach strong salvation messages at every service. In essence, they are usually preaching to the choir (excuse the pun!). Granted, the pastor encourages his flock to bring unbelievers to the services. And, there may be a few non-Christians in attendance depending on how large the church is. Therefore, these pastors usually highlight or emphasize the

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Invitation Hymn. I mean, some preachers are begging and pleading for people to come forward to get saved. So again, please reflect on this doctrinal question: Is the local fellowship of believers the place to always preach the Gospel or is it a gathering place to teach believers and equip the saints for the work of service? Should the emphasis in a church service always be on the kerygma (preaching salvation) or the didache (teaching sanctification)? Your answers to these questions will determine how you interpret the emphasis of music within the church service and the end result of worship. Some of the churches where Ive worshipped have anywhere from 2,000 to 5,000 people in attendance. (Remember, Ive been in the ministry for over three decades so Im always thinking about these things!) So, even if only 1% of those in attendance were unbelievers, that would be 20 to 50 people that need to hear the Gospel. While I believe that the salvation message should be presented at every service, I dont believe the whole sermon has to be salvation in orientation every week. In any case, the Invitation Hymn is an important part to these churches the proverbial frosting on the cake with the cake being the sermon. Or, if the sermon happens to be topical, the Invitation Hymn usually is focused on surrender or moving a believer to recommitment or rededication of ones life to Christ. I find it interesting that some leaders in the traditional setting have accused the Contemporary Christian Music Movement of vain repetition. You know the familiar theme: Your music choruses are repeated over and over again sometimes for 10 minutes or more they become hypnotic, robotic and overly repetitious! John Frame capsulizes this frequent CCM slam: The traditional joke-description of Contemporary Worship Movement songs: four words, three notes and two hours.15 Now, dont get mad at me especially if you are a Baptist minister or an independent fundamentalist but hey!dont you preachers do the same thing during the Invitation Hymn. Good grief!Ive been in these particular churches where theyve sung Just As I Am for 15 to 20 minutes. Many of you know what I mean. The pastor is bound and determined to keep singing until that one person comes forward! Talk about beating down a person emotionally, mentally, and physically! as well as being hypnotic and robotic. There have been times when I thought I should go forward just to make the pastor happy and finally end the service! (Sigh) Pastor, the Invitation Hymn is not another platform to cajole or browbeat the saint or sinner into surrender. Isnt that the role of the Holy Spirit to convict and convince and draw a person unto Jesus? (Please nod your head up-and-down in a yes movement!) So, when these final hymns are being selected, please pray that the Lord will use the words of the song and mood of the music to facilitate the Holy Spirit in moving your flock toward the feet of Jesus Christ.

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The following Traditional Holy of Holies hymns are my personal selection. Again, if you have others that have proven effective in the past, use them.

Traditional Holy of Holies Hymns:

Almost Persuaded (Phil Bliss - 1871) Cleanse Me (J. Edwin Orr - 1936) Have Thine Own Way, Lord (A. Pollard 1902) I Have Decided to Follow Jesus (Author Unknown - 1950) I Must Tell Jesus (E. Hoffman 1984) I Surrender All (J. Van De Venter 1896) Is Your All on the Altar of Sacrifice (Elisha Hoffman - 1900) It Is Well with My Soul (Horatio Spafford 1873) Just As I Am (Charlotte Elliott 1834) Living for Jesus (T. Chisholm 1917) Lord, Im Coming Home ( William Kirkpatrick - 1892) Near to the Heart of God (Cleland McAfee 1903) Search Me, O God (J. Edwin Orr 1936) Softly and Tenderly (Will Thompson 1880) Spirit of the Living God (Daniel Iverson 1935) The Savior is Waiting (Ralph Carmichael 1958) Turn Your Eyes Upon Jesus (Helen Lemmel 1922) As a traditional or formal church, if you absolutely refuse to sing newer songs or choruses, for whatever reason, at least use the Temple Pattern of musical worship to help move people progressively toward the feet of the Lord Jesus Christ. Some of you preachers may say, The sermon is supposed to do that! Or, I believe in the centrality of the Word and its the preaching of Gods Truth that brings conviction! A very wellknown Bible teacher, author and writer of many hymns says: I had been ignorant of worship as a means by which Gods presence could be realized consistently. Consequently, I had grown to depend on preaching alone as the instrument bringing people to repentance. Suddenly I was finding a teamwork between the Spirit and the Word.16 The Word of God either preached or put to music is powerful! Accepting the Gospel can bring salvation and surrendering to His truths can bring sanctification. Since I was a preacher and a musician, I believe that the musical worship service is composed of little sermons and sometimes, a song contains a BIG sermon! The words of the hymn or song and even the mood of the music can convict and be used of Gods Spirit to draw people unto Jesus. In fact, most preachers say that the music service can greatly enhance the preaching of Gods Word! Again, I totally agree with what Pastor Hayford has to say on this issue:

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Worship is not a substitute for the teaching and preaching of the Word. It does precede it, however, and sometimes is entwined with it. In that way worship expands the possibilities of preaching, because it establishes an atmosphere of respondency to Gods will.17 For those leading the worship service into the Holy of holies, you must remember one key attribute of your function: You are to help people focus on the Lord Jesus Christ and not on yourself or the music or the singers! Any flesh that gets in the way of this progression will affect spiritual intimacy with the Lord. Your heart needs to embrace the following exhortational quote from Matt Redman: Gods throne room allows no room for the proud. If were to usher others into that place of holy beholding, we need to make sure theres nothing in us that, deep down, still wants to be the center of attention. He must increase and we must decrease. He must become greater and we must become less.18 Also, let me repeat myself for all those churches who take singing seriously and are willing to adapt the Temple Pattern of musical worship. Once we are quietly communing with God and our spirit is sensitive to Gods Spirit, we do not want to jump back into the Outer Court style of music. This is a jolt to our soul and a distraction to the spirit! To move from a communing, spiritual presence back into a physically-oriented (sometimes fleshly) or soulish form of music detracts from our ultimate worship journey that is, to be in the presence of Godand then, stay there for a period of time. Effective worship music changes your life continually!

Through Him then, let us continually offer up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of lips that give thanks to His name. (Hebrews 13:15)

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Chapter 15 Holy of Holies Moments and Silence

We will never be deep without silence. (Church Swindoll)

Ive read a variety of books on worship and music and have encountered some Internet critics who say that all worship music is basically the same. That is, some actually believe that the Outer Court music is really no different than the Inner Court music or even the Holy of Holies music except some music is faster and some is slower. For some undiscerning church attenders, it doesnt matter if there is a loud, driving beat and musical instruments that overpower the singers which in turn distract us from the voice of the Lord as He is trying to reach our hearts. Unfortunately, some traditional critics are right when they say that some contemporary church music can be a carbon copy of the world system. Is it possible that some contemporary congregations dont really care about going deeper into the Holy of holies and His Presence as long as The music makes me feel good! Some Christian leaders want to be so relevant and so seeker sensitive that they miss what God can do during a worship service even when there are hungry people are truly seeking after Him. How powerful is music? Even scientists and secular researchers have confirmed that the style of music and volume of the music can affect us. In fact, certain kinds of music can affect even plants and animals let alone human beings. Havent you read some of these reports? Plants grow faster and thrive under classical music while they are stunted and die under heavy metal or discordant music. Hens lay more eggs and seem content when there is classical or relaxing/serene music and dry up or go sterile with a drivingbeat or heavily pulsating music. (See chapter on Rock and Roll Raucous) Babies even relax and go to sleep more readily with a slow steady rhythm (like a heartbeat) along with gentle, repetitious music but are excitable and fussy with loud, discordant, harsh, or heavy-beat music. As a side note, my wife and I have sold a product called Baby-Go-ToSleep music for years founded by Terry Woodford of Audio-Therapy Innovations and have hundreds of testimonies about the effects of relaxing music on their babies! So, do not be deceived into believing that the kind of music being sung or listened to doesnt make any difference to your body, soul or spirit. It does! Thats why I am including this section on soft music, quieter songs and a time of silence. It is my experience that the anointing comes many times, if not most of the time, when a congregation gets quiet before the Lord. When I say anointing, I mean a special visitation by Gods Holy Spirit where you can sense His presence. Its difficult to describe this moment but some have said, The atmosphere is so thick that you could cut it with a knife. I love knife-cutting worship!

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Concerning the simplicity of silence, there may be a point where either the music drops to a slow pace, or a low volume, or may cut out at all. Do this only as the Holy Spirit leads, because in that silence He may want to touch His people. So, not only be creative, but be sensitive.1 At this point, I may alienate some of my evangelical, conservative, or traditional brothers and sisters in Christ. It is not my intention to put a stumbling block in anyones path. And, my prayer is that you dont stop reading this material or refuse to consider the validity of the Temple Pattern because of some of my past, present and future quotes. I have studied the worship practices of a variety of Charismatic or Pentecostal leaders past and present. Some of their worship insights have been invaluable! Personally, I have found that the most effective type of worship music that Ive heard or experienced has come from individuals (usually Charismatic leaders or Pentecostals) who have applied the Temple Pattern of worship progression Outer Court, Inner Court (or Holy Court) and Holy of Holies music. While theology or certain biblical interpretations are points of debate within Christian circles, we should be unified when it comes to worshipping the Lord Jesus Christ. So, before some of you Baptists or Traditionalists tune me out, please keep reading and understand that my heart is to help all churches musically worship in a progressive way that leads to spiritual intimacy. From history, it appears that the pioneers of the Pentecostalism, and later the Charismatic movement, have sought to create an environment where there is a tarrying or waiting for the Lord a desire to find the inner sanctum or holy place where the Presence and Power of God can be experienced. They want to personally meet with Jesus and fellowship with Him. I commend them for this. During my thirty years of ministry, Ive heard accusations toward these brands of Christians as being: self-centered seekers or overly emotional or mind manipulators or feelings facilitators or sentimental suckers or crowd controllers or deluded deceivers or heralders of heresies and it gets worse. But, one thing is for certain those who have followed these kind of Charismatic musical stylings have a hunger for God and a thirst for His Spirit.

A Holy Expectancy
If I was to say to you: Were going to worship. What does that conjure up in your mind? Is there anticipation or apathy? What will worship accomplish for you? James White sums up these thoughts by saying: Worship is highly influenced by the expectations with which people approach it.2 There is a core of Christians who desperately want to meet with Jesus and they are seeking hard after Him! Whether you agree with the doctrine or not, many charismatic venues have ministered to the cry of spiritually hungry hearts.

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Why? Their expectations are being met! When it comes to praise and worship, those who are hungry for His Presence fulfill the following promise of asking, seeking and knocking: And I say to you, ask, and it shall be given to you; seek, and you shall find; knock, and it shall be opened to you. For everyone who asks, receives; and he who seeks, finds; and to him who knocks, it shall be openedIf you then, being evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more shall your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask Him? (Luke 11:9-10,13) And yet, the majority of mainline (and evangelical) churches are failing to help answer the spiritual knockings and desires of those seeking Gods Spirit. So, you shepherds, whether contemporary or traditional, must provide your flock with a sense of spiritual expectancy. Do you understand this concept? There is a holy anticipation that they will be meeting with the Lord of lords. A couple of decades ago, one worship author says: What an awe-inspiring and exciting thing it is to contemplate an encounter with Almighty God.3 Pastor, your sheep must have a time where there is an environment conducive to meet with the Great Shepherd and I believe that worship music can be that spiritual avenue. Lets take a brief look at some of the pioneers of experiential worship music. Some of you may be familiar with Aime Semple MacPherson (founder of the Foursquare Gospel church), or Katherine Kuhlmann, or more recently, Benny Hinn. Now before some of you quit reading, I realize that their theology and practices may not be according to your belief system or personal liking. At this point, I am not arguing for or against Pentecostal theology or Charismatic teachings. It just so happens that the leaders of this movement have tapped into something spiritual, mystical, dynamic and powerful and that is, bringing people into the Throne Room of the Almighty God. They have introduced believers, and non-believers, to the Living God who is personal and loving and desires to have intimate fellowship with us. But alas, the leaders within the Body of Christ in America has been too caught up in form and ritual and order and man-made traditions and thus have usually missed the opportunity to be in the Presence of God. This bothers mebut, there is a way to change this ecclesiastical stalemate. If you are a believer, then the Bible says that you belong to a holy priesthood (I Peter 2:5, 9). Therefore, as a priest, you can take a walk through the Temple! The faith healer, Benny Hinn, (while some do not condone his on-stage antics and various aspects of his theology) has been a present day, leading Christian TV figure in administrating the Temple Pattern of musical worship. It is no wonder as he is a great admirer of the late faith healer, Kathryn Kuhlman, who also had a keen insight and ability to lead a gathering through the musical

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Temple progression. Miss Kuhlman used this pattern of worship to bring people to a point of quietness exhorting the congregation to sense the voice and gentle blowing of the Holy Spirit. While both of them have been subject to controversy, they seem to have a great heart to experience Gods Presence and an intense passion to get people close to Jesus Christ through worship.

A Holy Hush
In his book The Anointing, Benny Hinn was reflecting on Miss Kuhlmans worship style and how she promoted a spiritual stillness. It obviously made an indelible impression on him as he says: There was always a lot of singing in Kathryn Kuhlmans services, and she often would join in with great gusto and joy. And then there were times when she said to the audience, Quietly, now, quietly.minutes passed. And at last she said, barely audibly, just a whisper, He comes in when youre quiet. She repeated it, even softer. He comes in when youre quiet.4 What does the Bible say about stillness or quietness in worship or seeking after God? What have other Christian leaders said about silence as we seek after the Lord? Let me share some scriptures with you and insight from others. For you theologians or armchair Bible scholars, Im not trying to prooftext anything or apply eisegesis (reading into the biblical text) to this topic at hand. Just take some time out and ponder this intriguing aspect that Ive discovered and quietly meditate on my thoughts. (You know I am just yanking your chain with that last phrase, right?) In any case, are there Bible examples dealing with quietness that we can consider? Yes, some. For instance, there seemed to be times of silence in Israels worship of God. Habakkuk exclaimed, The Lord is in His holy temple; let all the earth keep silence before Him. (Habakkuk 2:20) Why? What is the purpose of this silence? Perhaps it is our chance to get to know God in an intimate way. God spoke through the Psalmist when He exhorted believers: Be still, and know that I am God. (Psa. 46:10) Why? What does being still have to do with getting to know God? Cant we know God through pew-jumping, clapping, and dancing to eardrum shattering, driving-beat kinds of music? Why would God instruct us to be still? I can attest to the fact that it takes self-control to be still. In fact, your mind must be surrendered and focused on the Lord for spiritual quietness to be effective. I am fascinated with this aspect of worship that can prove to be very spiritually powerful. Again, Benny Hinn attests to this experience of stillness when he says: Quietness. I learned of its power. The Holy Place is quiet. You must learn to get still before God and worship Him quietly. You will discover the anointing. Be still and know that I am God.5

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Is being quiet before the Lord a new concept? Is it a principle discovered by the Charismatic movement? One great evangelist and Bible teacher of yesteryear had some interesting insight into this area of silence and his soul-winning endeavors. Its been reported that D. L. Moody said: If I can take an unbeliever and get him quiet for five minutes, and in those minutes have him think about eternity, I can get him saved. I wont have to say anything. Lets admit it! Moodys statement is kind of humbling to us preachers who have to say everything! Biblically, we know that faith comes from hearing, and hearing by the Word of Christ. (Romans 10:17) Obviously, he was making a point about a powerful principle that works parallel to preaching. Moody, and a handful of others, have understood quietness as a dynamic concept when it comes to meeting with God. Many of us do not know how to be silent and listen to the meditations of their heart and the voice of the Lord. In fact, I believe that some of us are actually afraid to be by ourselves in that silent place. We might actually come face to face with who we really are (and what were really not) and that can be scary! A famous French physicist, philosopher and Christian once said: Most of the evils in life arise from mans being unable to sit still in a room. (Blaise Pascal. 1623-1662.) So, be honest. Can you sit still and be quiet? For more than one minute? Two minutes? How long? When we do finally have a moment to sit still, we have a tendency to busy ourselves with the things of the world and our concerns therefore, we cant get quiet enough to hear God. We hear our own thoughts as we are: planning for next week, thinking about our bank account, working on a vacation or get-away, fretting over our children or spouse, wanting to watch TV or our favorite sports game, worrying about the future, wondering what were going to eat for lunch, and on and on and on. You might as well sign up for a 12-Step support group that we will should call On-and-On Anonymous. Stop now! Reflect on the following quote of another sage from yesteryear known as Fenelon: How can you expect God to speak in that gentle and inward voice which melts the soul, when you are making so much noise with your rapid reflections? Be silent and God will speak again.6 Who or what should we be allowing to enter our reflections during this quiet time? What happens when you begin to silently meditate but future needs begin to create worry within you? How can we be intimately communing with God when we are filled with anxiety? We cant! Do you realize this? If our public and personal lives are out-of- order or out-of-balance, its usually because we are consumed with self and havent sought the Lord for that quiet moment. One Christian woman, Maude Royden, gives her insight about why life is disordered:

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The reason why our public life is so disordered and our private life so hampered by anxiety is because we will not be still and know God.7 Faith and fear can not co-exist they are opposites. One or the other will win out. But, coming into Christs Presence through faith with adoration can banish our anxieties. And, just like your Mom used to say to you when you had ants in your pants and couldnt settle down as a kid: Sit still! Personally, I dont think the Lord would say it in the same manner or fashion as our mother did, but he does invite us to calm our heart and mind in his Presence to be still and listen to His still, soft voice. Can you hear the gentle blowing of His voice? And behold, the Lord was passing by! And a great and strong wind was rending the mountains and breaking in pieces the rocks before the Lord; but the Lord was not in the wind. And after the wind an earthquake, but the Lord was not in the earthquake. And after the earthquake a fire, but the Lord was not in the fire; and after the fire a sound of a gentle blowing. (I Kings 19:11-13) My prayer is: Lord, teach us and help us to be still before You so we can know that You are God. In Your Presence is peace, rest and satisfaction that we all long for. We yearn for the Holy of holies and that special moment in time with You. We now quiet ourselves expectantly before You. Amen.

There is an appointed time for everything. And there is a time for every event under heavena time to be silent. (Ecclesiastes 3:1, 7b)

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Chapter 16 Blended Services

Many congregations would identify their worship style as a blend or combination of two or more styles. (Paul Basden. The Worship Maze)

This was a difficult chapter for me to evaluate and write about because the topic is so opinion-based. I will definitely interpret this issue from my own personal experiences and bias. Discussing blended services creates a lot of emotion within me positively and negatively probably because this is a very emotionally-charged and highly debated topic. The whole area of church music styles causes me to cringe when I think about Christians being so dogmatic on either end of the music spectrum. Both Traditionalists and Contemporaries have caused substantial hurt toward one another. How ironic and terribly sad! The very thing that is supposed to bring us together as a corporate body that is, praise and worship music that honors and glorifies our Lord has turned into a battleground. Is there an answer to his dilemma? Dont be quick to give your answer! Paul Basden puts the musical styles in perspective: What the New Testament never does is identify one particular style of worship as more Christian, more biblical or more holy than another. Diversity in worship styles is here to stay, and no amount of wishful thinking or biblical arguing is going to change that reality! The simple fact is that not all people meet God or express thanks and praise in the same way. Therefore different churches have different styles of worship.1 Among the critics of contemporary music, there has been a strong conviction (or concern) against the modern style of music. And yet, to me, this conviction seems to be laced with fear , sometimes a realized fear. That is, they fear what they hold dear is being pushed aside. Among the progressives of contemporary churches, some have been critical of traditional music and have strong convictions about their new style of worship music. Sometimes, to me, their convictions seem to be based on revelational rebellion that is, theres an attitude that says: God has given us new wine and we refuse to pour it into the old wineskins again! Or, We need to follow the direction the wind of Spirit is blowing us. And sadly, this new direction has caused those who love traditional music to feel dejected and rejected. Lets look at some pertinent questions on this topic. But before I give my answers and explanations to possible blended services, why dont you answer the following questions first. Lets see where we differ or agree. So, come to your own conclusion before you read mine. Lets see how close we can come to a win-win situation.

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QUESTION #1 Is it possible to blend traditional music with contemporary music or contemporary music with traditional music in a church setting? Answer: Yes. It is possible to blend these different music styles and has proven to be workable and a blessing in many churches. But, it requires a Pastor who knows the heart of God and how to effectively lead his congregation in worship. One author hits it on the head: The pastor should lead the church from his own vision and then patiently wait for the members to follow.2 Or, it requires a Worship Pastor or Music Director who knows how to progress through the Temple Pattern of worship. Regardless of the style of music, it should move toward one goal to glorify God and spiritually move close to the Lord. QUESTION #2 Is it possible to blend traditional music with contemporary music (or vice versa) without creating division within the local church? Answer: Probably not. There will always be divisions and schisms within the church. Its difficult for everybody to agree on any one thing whether its music, the order of service, the budget, the color of the rugs (or choir robes usually, if you are Traditional), the church constitution, and on and on and on. When it comes to church disagreements, most Christians seem to have a unique talent in this area. As Ive said earlier (with tongue in cheek), Where two Christians are gathered together, there are at least three opinions! My final answer: It is possible to blend two styles of music traditional and contemporary as long as the music adapts to the Temple Pattern of worship for it to be spiritually effective. But, that does not mean there will be total agreement or even harmony (excuse the pun) within the church. For those churches from liturgical or traditional backgrounds, you might want to find the book Planning Blended Worship by Robert Webber. He sets out to explore music outside his liturgical setting without compromising traditional substance and relevance. QUESTION #3 Is it a true statement that once contemporary music is introduced into a traditional setting that eventually the new style of music wins out and hymns either take a back seat or are eliminated altogether? Answer: Yes and no. Hows that for political correctness? The answer to the above question depends on the leadership of that particular local church or the majority vote of the congregation (depending on your church polity).

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Who decides the order of service in your church?the Senior Pastor, the Elder Board (or ruling committee), the Music Director or the congregation? Styles of music dont just happenthey are orchestrated (excuse another pun). That is, someone in leadership sets up the musical worship service. If you are a traditional church and want to remain predominantly hymn-oriented in your service, then your Senior Pastor (usually along with the ruling board) must make it so. The same goes for a contemporary church desiring only choruses or newly written music. The wild card in this whole scenario is the congregation. There are times when the majority of a congregation wants to go in a certain direction and try new things usually, its a traditional church wanting to add some contemporary worship choruses. Unfortunately, testimonies abound from traditionalists that their fears have come to pass as contemporary music now rules the day and hymns have taken a back seat or have been basically eliminated from the worship service. Thats why some CCM critics are adamant never to let the camels nose into the tent! Unless you are an extremely well-balanced church with godly leadership and a great Spiritdirected congregation, usually moving from traditional hymns to contemporary choruses will cause rifts. But again, my idea is that the Temple Pattern progression of music can incorporate both hymns and choruses as we move closer to the Holy of Holies. QUESTION #4 Arent these two styles of music mutually exclusive and basically incompatible with one another? Answer: Maybe. Maybe not. It depends on ones definition of exclusivity. Some critics mistakenly believe that all contemporary Christian music is in the genre of ungodly Rock and Roll. This is an overgeneralization in fact, its downright shortsighted. There have been powerfully moving choruses during the last several decades that do not have an unnatural beat or driving syncopation. On the other hand, its also a generalization to think that all hymns are boring and set up in a march or waltz tempo. It depends on the mood of the hymn and the message it is trying to communicate. Some hymns can easily have drums added to the music (I can just feel the blood pressure rise in some Traditionalists!) and even guitars. And, some contemporary music can be played with an organ or a piano. Also, contemporary songs can, and sometimes should, be sung with no drums along with it. So, in this sense, the two styles can be inclusive and there is some compatibility. For Traditionals, what do you think the bottom line is to the above question? Simple: Instrumentation! Traditionalists usually do not want two specific instruments present on their platform: drums and guitars. Why?because for many of them, these instruments symbolize Rock and Roll and the essence of worldliness. Now, I knowI knowthere are various books and tons of arguments written by contemporary musicians against this criticism. Let me ask you another question:

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Who or what determines musical synergism or compatibility? Ummmwow this is a hard one for even me to answer. Isnt this a rather subjective area and comes down to personal tastes, convictions, and even biblical interpretations? Id say yes to my two-part question. So again, while the traditional and contemporary styles are different and sometimes clash, they can be blended and work compatibly as one adapts the Temple pattern of worship. QUESTION #5 If you say that these two styles of music are so compatible, then why do so many churches have two distinct and separate services that is, one for traditional worship music and one for contemporary progressive music? Answer: You got me! I admit that there still persists a great divide. In fact, this was exactly the situation in one of the churches that I pastored. The older generation and Traditional folk wanted to stick with hymns only, a hymnbook only, strict order of service, and piano and/or organ accompaniment only. But, I faced a pastoral and procedural predicament. The majority of this church was composed of the younger generation (Baby Boomers, Ex-hippies, Baby Busters) who wanted to sing the songs and choruses they were hearing on Christian radio that is, contemporary music. In addition to this scenario, I enjoyed and wanted to incorporate new choruses in our music service which caused some consternation among the Traditionalists. In this church, we also had a Sunday night service which was more informal. Upon employing some of these newer songs, most of the nightly church attenders seemed to like them. But, the ruling elders were getting complaints from the older members that they didnt want this kind of music during the Sunday morning worship service. So, we tried to have two different services one traditional and one more informal. Aye, aye, ayethe informal music was at the earlier service and the Contemporaries complained that it was too early to bring their kids and whole family. I switched the styles of services and then the older generation complained that the second service had the greater attendance and better outreach and therefore should have the traditional style. The Elders received numerous murmurings, grumblings and complaints. What is the bottom line? Personal tastes, convictions and interpretations! How did I resolve the situation? I eliminated the early service and stayed traditional except for choir specials and special music. I used the nightly service, which was only one-fourth the amount of people, to sing some new choruses and songs. Was this blending experiment the reason that so few people returned to the service? I dont think so. There was, and is, a national growing trend for churches not to have an evening service. Most churches, including conservative evangelical and charismatic congregations, will admit to a radical drop-off for their nightly service. Is there an easy solution for Traditional pastors that want to incorporate contemporary Christian music? No. For me, a twentyyear-old Traditionalist preacher, it wasnt until I left the pastorate that I discovered the power of those churches that applied (even in part or inaccurately) the Temple Pattern of musical worship.

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QUESTION #6 If I attend a church with traditional music, should I try to change it by introducing contemporary songs and choruses? Or, if I attend a church dedicated to a contemporary worship service, should I try to reform it by demanding that they play traditional music? Answer: No to both parts of this question. Whether a traditional or contemporary church, if they desire to stay with their particular kind of music, then dont try to change their style. This creates conflict, obviously! Find a church where you enjoy the musical worship service. On the other hand, I would challenge the pastor(s) and the leadership of the church to adopt the Temple Pattern of worship music. Whether the church stays contemporary or traditional, if the Pastor or Worship Minister musically progresses through the stages of the Temple Outer Court, Inner Court, and Holy of holies then this relational and spiritual exercise will help bring the congregation to the feet of Jesus and the Presence of God. Maybe there will be a day when churches traditional or contemporary wont be so concerned about musical style or form and just be concerned about the worship essence that is, seeking the Presence of God and communing with the Lord. In fact, a blend of worship styles just might be biblical!

And Jesus said to the, Therefore every scribe who has become a disciple of the kingdom of heaven is like a head of a household, who brings forth out of his treasure things new and old. (Matthew 13:52)

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Chapter 17 Practical Progression Pattern

What is it that offends (or bothers) you about the way worship is conducted in your church? (Robert E. Webber)

Lets pretend, for some reason, that your church does not want to have a blended service of traditional and contemporary music. What would an effective worship service look like for your particular church? Lets get practical with the worship progression using the Temple Pattern of music for each church style. Lets look at a combination of songs that would be used in a contemporary church or a traditional/liturgical setting.

Traditional or Liturgical Church Setting

As was mentioned before, a traditional church usually does not have a block of time for continual singing of hymns by the congregation. The singing is usually broken up with other activities: Opening prayer, welcome, announcements, offering, pastoral prayer, choir special and/or soloist. Therefore, it is more difficult to musically progress through the Temple Pattern of worshipbut, not impossible. The following Order of Service is just a suggestion for the kind and placement of music that could be used for the Temple progression: Welcome and Opening Prayer Outer Court Hymn (See previous traditional examples) Outer Court Hymn Announcements & Offering Choir Special or Soloist during Offering Inner Court Hymn (See previous examples) Inner Court or Holy of Holies hymn Pastoral Prayer Instrumental Holy of Holies music as pastor prays Holy of holies hymn or hymns (See previous examples) Sermon Invitation Hymn Holy of holies song (See Note) (Note: Depending on the topic and direction of the sermon, you can be flexible with the final hymn. If the message is one of exhortation or victory, an Outer Court hymn would be appropriate. If the sermon is for salvation, usually you would use a Holy of holies hymn. If the message is directed toward the believers for rededication, consecration or a fresh surrender, a slower Inner Court or Holy of holies hymn should be the preferred choice.)

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Song Selection Seriousness

I realize that some Christians traditional or contemporary may sometimes think that the selection of the lyrics or the mood of the music can be used in an emotionally manipulative way. While I understand this concern, the word manipulate is such a negative verb and hot-button word to be applied to sacred music. As I mentioned briefly in a past section, and I will expand upon it in the A Theology of Music chapter, music has a spiritual dimension to it. That is, the very essence of music can, and will, move us physically, mentally, emotionally, volitionally and spiritually and, either positively or negatively. Concerning the positive aspects of music, one great reformer of yesteryear understood the moving power of music: For whether you wish to comfort the sad, to terrify the happy, to encourage the despairing, to humble the proud, to calm the passionate, or to appease those full of hate what more effective means than music could you find?I truly believe, and do not mind saying, that next to the Word of God, the noble art of music is the greatest treasure in the world. (Martin Luther. A.D. 1483-1546) Or, other Christian musicians agree with this concept of musical power. For instance, Garth Bolinder offers his experiential insight: Music reaches the depths of human personality in ways mere words never can.1 Another famous singer and songwriter, John Michael Talbot, says: Music has incredible power. Wrongly used, it can stir our darkest inner impulses lust and anger and despair. But Christian music, music that truly speaks about the Lord and to the Lord, draws upon that great power to stir our hearts in their longing for God.2 Even secular researchers, like Dr. Steve Halpern, understand the positive power of music: Music is energy, just like food. Having the right music around the house is as important to having the right food and the right vitamins.3 In light of this, selecting the right music for a church worship service is not manipulation but rather that of motivation that is, desiring the proper progression that will help create spiritual intimacy. Therefore, it would behoove the person leading the musical part of the worship service to be circumspect about the contents or makeup of the music he is presenting. This includes the lyrics, melody, harmony, mood and tempo of the song. In fact, songwriter and worship leader Matt Redman offers some incredible insight on musical timing during worship:

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If we do what the Father is doing, when He is doing it, God will break into our services in powerful and surprising ways.4 As a past traditional pastor, my worship services were very regimented and orderly. There was no deviation or breaking away from the printed Order of Worship. The bulletin was like inspired, sacred text! To break the order would create chaos and confusion (plus, some of my parishioners would give birth to a cow should a deviation occur). If you are presently in this kind of church, some of you are laughing right now and, some of you are definitely not laughing! If God really wanted to break into our service and minister to hearts, we would maybe allow Him a few minutes during the Pastoral Prayerand maybe a few minutes during the Invitation Hymn. Church tradition is okay as long as we dont force God out of the equation. Jack Hayford pointedly says: Tradition must be confronted, questioned and adjusted if Gods maximum benefits are to be realized during worshipIf church tradition has lost its contact with God, it becomes a mere formality for Gods touch is no longer on it.5 I used to wonder after Id preached my heart out why the Lord wasnt convicting people and moving them to make decisions for Him. Perhaps our formalism was a little too rigid for us to hear God knocking on the door of our hearts. I mean, as a corporate body of believers, even when (or if) He was knocking, when was there an effective time to open the door and let Him fellowship with us? Lord, forgive me for my past insensitivityand others who are perpetuating this spiritually, inhospitable atmosphere. The following repeated quote from Furr & Price is a challenge for traditionalists: Because worship is a conversation, and not a mere review of the past, it is dynamic, unpredictable, and open-ended.6 I used to sing hymns like I was reading a passage from a theological book. My worship wasnt a conversation, it was a monologue that is, me talking to God about God. My worship, for the most part, was not dynamic, it was dead. My time of musical worship was not open-ended, it was a one-way street that is, I didnt expect God to really respond to the words I was singing. Concerning new acts from God and His call for new songs from His children, one Reformation author and worship leader says: The picture is not one of a static hymnal given by God for all time; rather, it is the dynamic picture of God continually doing wonderful deeds and His people responding to them with shouts of praise.7 Im not sure if shouting will ever be a part of a traditional or liturgical church setting. But singing with Spirit-filled gusto, and having an expectation that God will meet us in our praise and worship, is a good start! So, start the progression.

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Contemporary Church Setting

As Ive said earlier, a church that plays contemporary music usually has a block of time (anywhere from 15 to 30 minutes or more) for the first part of the praise and worship service. The Worship Leader has more flexibility to transition from one musical Temple progression to another. Id encourage the song director to initially make the length of time for each Temple segment rather equal. But again, it depends whats been happening that week or even that dayit depends on the sermon or theme of the day (that sometimes the Lord intervenes and picks out for you)and it depends upon the moment or how the Spirit of the Lord chooses to move. Sometimes, the Worship Leader should cut the Outer Court music shortersometimes, the Outer Court time of celebration should be longer. The transitional Inner Court music is a necessary musical segment. But, the most important progression is into the Holy of holies. In most church situations, there is rarely enough time for the Holy of holies music. Why? Perhaps the pastor or song leader just doesnt know how to musically progress or make proper transitions. Or, perhaps the Worship Leader is unable to discern the moment or how to tarry in His Presence. Let me repeat myself: I am convinced that there would be revolutionary church revivals if the Worship Leader would help create the atmosphere for the congregation to consistently seek to be in the Lords Presence! I knowI knowsome of you are going to get theological on me now concerning the Presence. We know that God is always present. We know that where two or more are gathered in the name of Jesus, there He is in our midst. We know that God inhabits the praises of His children. You know that I am talking about something else. For me, to be in His Presence as a local church is a corporate fulfillment of James 4:8a Draw near to God and He will draw near to you. Im talking about a loving, intimate, dynamic, mutual time of fellowship with the Lord of lords as we humbly worship Him and actively seek His face! The musical worship service is not an exact science even though some of you may think that this Temple Pattern of worship is my way of putting God and this holy time in a nice, neat little box. Again, let me share my heart: Worship is a living relationship whereby we are glorifying our Savior, seeking to know the heart of God and desiring to be in His Presence. The progressive pattern I am presenting is a way to move closer (or draw near) to the Lord in an intimate and relational way. The Temple Pattern is not necessarily a script to be followed in a legalistic way it is an ongoing invitation to encounter Gods love in a dynamic way. I like what the following authors say: Worship is meant to be an encounter, an exciting meeting place where love is given and received in an unscripted manner.8

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While love does not, and should not, be scripted, it does involve a process. That process will assist us in moving toward an intimate, spiritual level. Again, Matt Redman says it best: He burns with a heart of love for His people, longing to usher each one of us into deeper levels of glory (according to) II Cor. 3:18.9 Instead of putting this book down and looking up the verse from the preceding quote, permit me to share this scriptural truth with you coming from the Apostle Paul: But we all, with unveiled face beholding as in a mirror the glory of the Lord, are being transformed into the same image from glory to glory, just as from the Lord, the Spirit. (II Cor. 3:18) As a contemporary music leader, select your love songs that will effectively progress through the musical Temple toward that time of face-to-face from glory to glory worship and adoration. Heres a sample of a contemporary worship order: Welcome Outer Court Music: (10 minutes 2 to 3 songs) Announcements, Prayer, Offering Inner Court Music: (10 minutes 2 to 3 songs) Holy of Holies Music: (10 minute 2 to 4 songs/choruses) Sermon Final song: (Discerningly choose usually Inner Court or Holy of holies song) This kind of tri-fold progression is not foreign to many worship authors or Worship Pastors. They just havent fully developed or discerned the principle. For instance, on page 84 in his book The Worship Maze, the author (Paul Basden) gives an Order of Worship for a Praise & Worship style of church. What is interesting is that his model service uses the terms: Songs for the Outer Court, Songs for the Inner Court, and Songs for the Holy of holies. Many Church leaders understand the Temple Pattern in worship, they just havent consistently applied the progression. And finally, I have an exhortation for the Worship Pastor: Once the worship leader has progressed to that slowed down and quiet moment when hearts are still before the Lord and waiting on Him and the congregation is adoring the Lord and transitioning into the Holy of Holies do not bounce back into an Outer Court song! More pointedly, once you are musically positioned in the Spirit, do not jump back in the flesh with an inappropriate or inopportune song selection. I agree with the writers of the Christian Student Equipper:

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If you reversed the song list from beginning to end, you would have a very strange worship that would feel like youre sliding backwards down Mount Zion, away from the presence of the Lord!10 This book is one of repetition. My goal is to drive these points home! I cant count how many times I have slid backwards during the musical worship service. We are in the Holy of holieswe are softly singing, Lord, we love You; Lord, we love You and the Lord is responding to our humble adoration, but then, the leader starts singing an upbeat, rocking-out, driving Outer Court song. Arghhh! This is spiritual abuse! Its like ripping a person out of the intimate presence of their loved one only to have that person just read her (or his) letters in a one-way fashion. Again, why read about your lovers love when you can be with your lover in close fellowship? Its the same spiritually. In this light, think about the Temple Pattern and grab the concept. Its this particular point in which I encounter the most resistance from Worship Pastors (especially Charismatic ones). For some reason, many of them equate high energy praise songs and spiritual fervor (meaning: clapping, shouting, jumping, twirling and the like) with spirituality or holiness. I dont mean to offend these dear brothers in Christ with my observations. But, the more commotion that is made or the more outbursts of joy and celebration they exhibit, I think they think it means the Lord is always in that style of worship and will only respond to those acts of worship. Of course, this is an overgeneralization; but, thats what it seems like. Making holy noise and being physically active during worship does not necessitate nor enhance the Presence. In fact, as the old preaching anecdote says: It doesnt matter how loud you shout or how high you jump that counts but how straight you walk when you hit. Thats what counts! The physically exuberant aspects of worship are to be observed in the Outer Court with the jubilant music; but not following a Holy of holies song or after arriving within that special spiritual communion segment of time. Again, you (as a worship leader) may disagree with this progressional Temple Pattern. Well, okay, but once you get to heaven, youll find out that I was right. (In spite of my jocular, hyper-spiritual sarcasm, I still love you progression resisters!)

O Lord, open my lips, and my mouth will declare Your praise. You do not delight in sacrifice, or I would bring it; You do not take pleasure in burnt offerings. The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit; a broken and contrite heart, O God, you will not despise. (Psalm 51:15-17)

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Chapter 18 Worship Progression Detractions

Too many times Ive found myself in a meeting where Im longing to engage with God while struggling to get past the impressive yet ultimately distracting show going on up front. (Matt Redman)

Upon experiencing numerous worship services, there are some things that may detract you from progressing in the Holy of Holies during this musical time. While I may be hypersensitive, or at times overreacting, Ive heard a variety of believers voice the same concerns. You dont have to accept my list as Gospel, but please consider these items of concern if you are leading the worship or determining where to worship. 1. Overly loud music. The worship leader and the sound board man must take into consideration a variety of elements: the size of the sanctuary, the power of the sound system, the age of the congregation, the decibel level that causes pain, etc. 2. Out-of-balance instruments. When one of the instruments is too loud or pronounced, that is a distraction. If there is a worship band, all instruments must be balanced unless the reason is purposeful like a lead part in the song that requires a keyboard or guitar to stand out. Instrumental overload is not good as it detracts from the words of the song/hymn/chorus that plants the seed in the heart and prepares the believer. (This is especially true for the drums.) 3. Singers too loud. When the singers are so loud that your ears begin to bleed, something again is wrong with the sound balance. It must be the younger generation! How else can you explain the apparent desire to emulate a Rock Concert and the broken ear drums at many contemporary services?! 4. Singers not loud enough. On the other hand, when you have to strain to hear the singers, this can be as equally disturbing and distracting. The singers that cant be heard then cause the instruments to stand out and the words of the music go unheard although still seen if there is an overhead projector. 5. Untrained soundboard person. The person at the soundboard has a pivotal position. His very job is to help create at atmosphere conducive to worship. This person should definitely be trained and exhorted to stay alert. He needs to be in synch with the Worship Leader and be on top of sound mixing as well as possible feedback (high pitch squealing that can kill the mood!) And, by the way, the sound level is different when the sanctuary is full of people versus when it is empty.

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6. Untrained or unresponsive overhead person. If your church uses overheads for singing, make sure the person running the overhead is trained and prepared. Again, Ive been in worship services where the Worship Team is singing one hymn and the overhead person has projected a different song. Or, the Worship leader is singing one verse that the overhead person puts up a different verse. Again, while this may seem petty, its these kind of distractions that hinder a spiritual forward movement. 7. Song Director too showy. If the attention of the congregation is focused on the fleshliness or antics of the Worship leader, then it will be difficult to concentrate on the Lord and move into His presence. 8. Song Director too drab. On the other hand, the attention of the congregation can be focused on a boring Music leader that has no sense of direction and lacks passion and enthusiasm. 9. Worship Team too animated. There have been many music services I attended where the people singing in the worship group have stolen the show by their hyper-spiritual antics swaying, falling to their knees, jumping, spinning, dancing, bumping or grinding. That person needs to be confronted and/or instructed that their behavior or movements need to be toned down. While the Outer Court time of worship is more celebrative and physical, the congregation should not see fleshliness. Any bodily movements should be appropriate and not in excess that is, sexual or overtly sensual. We all express ourselves in different ways during times of rejoicing and celebration. But as we move toward intimate communion with God, there should be less of us and more of Jesus. 10. Worship Team too lifeless. On the other hand, I have seen worship teams that are so sullen and listless that they appear to be singing at a funeral. Let us rejoice and be glad, they say with lemon-puckered lips and prune-faced scowls. There must be a godly and reasonable balance. 11. Worship Team member off key. The singers should have trained voices and have the songs well-rehearsed. There is nothing more distracting than hearing a song being sung off key. I knowI knowthe Bible says, Make a joyful noise unto the Lord and thus many justify singing out of key. Biblically and historically, the singers of the Temple were trained professionals. I think we need the same kind of level of training in our churches today. Remember the saying: Holy shoddy is still shoddy! I also realize that many believers want to sing in a Worship Team or Choir but really are not qualified. There are many discussions and arguments around this issue. Prayerfully consider my advice. 12. Team Members Clothing. Most worship stages are elevated in front of the congregation. The warning here is obvious especially for women on the worship team. Ladies should wear longer dresses or a modest fashion.

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13. I dont offer this suggestion as a form of legalism but an encouragement not to cause a weaker brother to stumble. Plus, if you add questionable clothing along with dancing and gyrating, this is not conducive to progressive worship unless the worshippers eyes are closed or the person is visually challenged. 14. Rowdy congregation. There are times when the congregation needs to be exhorted from the pulpit or stage to focus and enter into worship. While church is also a time of fellowship with one another, our main desire is to fellowship with the Lord and draw close to Him. The church needs to be trained to turn off cell phones, hand-video games discouraged, excessive talking to others needs to be channeled into talking to Jesus during worship time. Overly exuberant worshippers (like Holy Ghost dancers) need to be sensitive to those around them. Also, parents with infants or young children should be made aware of crying or noise. (I attended one church where they did not allow babies or children into the sanctuary.) In any case, this kind of training or exhortation from the pulpit can be accomplished lovingly but pointedly. 15. Progression transgression. By this I mean jumping from quieter progression into the Outer court. For instance, when you are approaching, or are in, a musical Holy of Holies moment and you sense the Presence of the Lord in a time of spiritual communion, the next song sung should not be celebration per se. Ive seen churches, when God is about to break through in that holy moment, have that time foiled by switching the momentum back to the Outer Court. Why? Our objective is to commune and adore Jesus the time has come we are spiritually at His feet we are with the King of Kings and all of the sudden, we are thrust into a time of singing about Him. Some churches move from vertical to horizontal music without blinking. At moments like that, I feel spiritually abused. Are you tracking with me? Its like you are ravenously hungry and this delicious feast has been set before you. You are ready to take your first longing biteonly to have your whole plate taken away from you. So, tell me, how would you feel? I thought so! 16. Song Selection. The pastor or music leader needs training and special discernment when it comes to music selection. Knowing the Temple progression (mood and motive) is vital. For instance, I was in one charismatic church where the pastor gave a great sermon. His message ended with a powerful call to salvation. He had given an invitation and asked people to come forward for prayer. The moment was hushed the Spirit was moving. But then, we sang this loud song of Celebration, filled with energy, which did not fit the moment. And this minister wonders why few people come forward during that time of invitation. What was the problem? There was an improper song selection that was not conducive to the moment. Some of you still doubt the power of music the words, style, and form to move a person either toward the Presence of God or away from Him. Again, Ive seen it happen both ways!

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17. Unfamiliar or new music. I love to learn new choruses and praise songs. But, I dont like it when the Worship Leader introduces a multitude of new songs. It has been my experience that the familiar music captures our heart and moves our soul. Its difficult to move musically into the Holy of Holies stage if a persons mind is engaged on learning instead of spiritually flowing. There is a definite place for new music, but not at the apex of the worship progression. 18. No Identifiable Melody. Aye, aye, aye!some of the songs coming out today have no identifiable melody and the musical structure is complex. Meaning, it is very difficult to sing along. Therefore, there is a lack of worship participation. I become an observer. There is no rhyme or reason to the timing of the music or the structure of the words. Some songs I have heard a dozen times and still cant get the singing of the stanzas down. (And its not because Im uncoordinated or dont know music!) I do not like music that causes me to concentrate more on trying to sing the song rather than being facilitated to seek the Savior! 19. Repetitious Choruses. On the other hand, there are some churches, many times Charismatic, that take a chorus and repeat it hypnotically sometimes for 10 to 15 minutes. This is not only uncalled for, but I believe borders on fleshliness and soul-realm manipulation. When the Lord is moving during a song, of course, it can be repeated you can tarry over certain words or themes. But, after a period of time, that theme or chorus should end perhaps just plain silence or soft whisperings of praise, prayer or adoration. There is a time for silence. 20. Excessive Beat. The introduction of drums into Christian worship is a relatively new experience for the Body of Christ. While the Hebrews had some percussion in the Old Testament, I think we need to be careful in our day and age as to the intensity of the beat during the worship service even the Outer Court celebration time. A loud and persistent beat (not necessarily rhythm) can lead to fleshliness. (See my chapter on Rock and Roll Raucous.) It is my personal belief that the Church is not to be a seeker-sensitive Rock Concert. The local Body of Christ is to be geared toward saved saints surrendering to the Savior. We are to corporately fellowship with the Father. The word ecclesia, where we get the word church, means those who are called out. Inside the local church, we are not necessarily called to save the sinner as much as satisfy the Savior with surrendered saints. It is a time of equipping and upbuilding the believer. Therefore, to worship in spirit and in truth requires that the participants have the Spirit and know the Truth. As a former Rock and Roll performer, I know firsthand that a heavy beat is not conducive to meditation, reflection, soul searching, and that ultimate sanctified and silent place within the Holy of Holies. 21. Questionable Doctrine. Its difficult to fully surrender to the Lord when my mind is dwelling on scriptural inaccuracies or doctrinal deviations. Now, Ive heard a lot of negative things said about Contemporary Christian Music concerning the depth of the musical orthodoxy. Yes, some of it is shallow and sentimental. But, on the other hand, I have sung some old-time hymns that arent that doctrinally

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sound either. So again, its up to the pastor and Music Director to weigh the words of the music as related to sound doctrine. For those proud critics who say, Todays music is too simplistic, then please consider that the angels around Gods throne continually sing Holy, Holy, Holy! I rest my case. 22. Wandering mind. If you come to church to worship, then it seems logical and reasonable that you should be prepared to worship. If your mind is in other places and thinking about other things, you are definitely not present to be in His Presence. This is not the pastors fault or the worship leaders fault although they should see it as a challenge and a calling. That is why a good worship leader a person truly called of God to lead others to the Lord through music is a position highly needed and desired. The person leading the worship service can create an environment conducive to worship that is, refocusing your mind and thoughts on the Lord. 23. The Offering. Wait a minute, you may ask. How can an offering be a distraction? Ahhhlet me count the ways! If a church is going to take an offering during the corporate gathering, placement is everything. For some reason, I have seen numerous churches take the offering after the final song or Invitation Hymn. This placement is spiritually distracting especially if the pastor has delivered a powerful message, the Lord has convicted hearts, he gives an invitation for unbelievers to come forward for salvation or believers to come forward for prayer or rededication, the proper song for the proper moment is being played and people begin to respond. You sense the Spirit of the Lord melting, molding and moving hearts. This is a holy momentbut unfortunately, it usually stays a short moment as the Order of Service dictates that an offering be taken. As people are on their knees praying, tears flowing, hearts being changed, the Presence of the Lord is thick, then a Worship Leader or Pastor stops the flow and announces the ushers to come forward for the offering. (Hey, just stick a fork in me and call me done!) Also, you dont want to place the offering during the latter part of Inner Court singing or especially not during the Holy of holies music time. Be sensitive and discerning of your musical patterns and progression. 24. Strained Silence. Silence is valuable in worship; but sometimes it is awkward. Some see it as a distraction; others see it as a blessing. Silence can be beneficial during those holy moment times. On the other hand, silence can be painful if the Lord is not in it or can not enter it. How so? When believers are approaching that silent moment, it is easily smashed when a baby begins crying like an ambulance siren, or a child yells or screams in rebellion or from boredom, or cell phones that arent turned off and begin playing their quaint little tune, or verbal or physical hyper-spiritual antics (that should be controlled). Also, not knowing when to accept a time of silence and how to use it, or flow with it, is distracting. A trained Worship Leader will know how to discern acceptable or needed times of silence. Have you ever noticed that many people have to fill quiet spots or down time with noise? Maybe you are one of them. For some, there is a fear of silence

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or there are feelings of discomfort when there is quietness. If this is your case, you need to ask yourself: Why? Where is this fear or discomfort coming from? What is really going on within me? In some contemporary churches (especially Charismatic), there will be times before, and during, the Holy of holies worship where there is no music or no singingjust the hushed sounds of people whispering their love and adoration to the King of kings. 25. Other distractions. So, continue your own list. The above mentioned distractions are mine. Some of these distractions can be changed; others will be a challenge. At some point, you (as an individual worshipper) may have to say the Serenity Prayer, which is: God, grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change; the courage to change the things I can; and the wisdom to know the difference. And, you can also add: Thy will, not mine be done! Most of these distractions can be eliminated if we abide by the biblical advice of the seasoned worship leader, Matt Redman: Lets keep our worship pleasing to the Father, centered around the Son and led by the Spirit, not the flesh.1 My word of wisdom to you is to always keep on the forefront of your mind that the focus (that is, the ultimate, spiritual focal point) of the congregation is to be on the Lord. The pastor or music leader is to be a facilitator to help bring the worshippers into deep communion with God. The less attention we can bring toward ourselves when up front, the better the congregation can concentrate on bringing glory and honor to the Lord on a personal level. Musical worship is a journey a spiritual process whether it is duets, solos, instrumental specials, congregation singing, or a worship team. The Temple progression can help lead any church service into the presence and power of God.

O God, Thou art my God; I shall seek Thee earnestly; My soul thirsts for Thee, my flesh yearns for Thee, in a dry and weary land where there is no water. Thus I have beheld Thee in the sanctuary, to see Thy power and Thy glory. (Psalm 63:1-2)

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Chapter 19 Pondering Preaching & Pandering Preachers

Pastors have neglected their rightful oversight of worship, including the doctrinal content of music. (The Cambridge Declaration)

All pastors, and concerned parishioners, should consider asking themselves the following question: How important is worship to me? And, there should be a follow-up question that really puts it all into perspective: How important is worship to God? For those of you who know your Bible, how many verses do you think relate to worship? Even though we can find over 540 worship-related scriptures, the church today fails to heed their message.1 These worship scriptures are not just related to praying they mostly pertain to music and singing. So much instruction given to us about musical worship and yet so much discord about interpretation and application within the Body of Christ. Ive been an ordained minister for over 25 years now. During my last pastorate, I was the president of a ministerial alliance for several years in Michigan. As a former preacher, Im familiar with the mindset of my clergy brethren within a variety of conservative or evangelical denominations. Ive also dialogued with a number of ministers from liturgical or traditional church backgrounds. The kind of music during the worship service is always a point of controversy or heavy discussion when we gather together and talk church. But, no matter which way the discussion goes, traditional or contemporary, the bottom line is the leadership of the minister and his vision for an effective, Spirit-led church service is necessary. The pastor is the key to facilitating an effective and worshipful music service. Again, Garth Bolinder gets right to the heart of the issue: Pastors are the catalysts for the music ministry. If music is going to thrive, it must begin with us.2 Every Christian who has ever attended more than one church knows that the Order of Worship varies from church to church regardless of the denomination and, regardless of it being traditional or contemporary. For the believer who is hungry for corporate worship and desires to find a well-balanced, biblical church, that person usually ends up frustrated or disappointed. While this sounds judgmental, it is my opinion that there are few balanced and biblical churches that emphasize spiritually progressive, corporate worship. And, much of the blame rests on the priorities and leadership of the pastor or Senior Minister. (I know...I knowmany pastors are subject to their Elder Board or Deacon Board which are subject to church tradition and congregational pressure. Sigh!) There should be no doubts that there is a problem!
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Pastor, what is your goal when the church gathers? That is, what are your priorities for a church service? If you were to rate the importance of various aspects of your church service, what would it look like? For instance, in priority order, rank the following: the welcome, offering, sermon, prelude, opening prayer, announcements, pastoral prayer, Choir special, soloist, hymns (or choruses), Postlude or Invitation, or service extras (that is: baptisms, baby dedication, communion, confirmation, etc.). Once you rank the church service items according to your own priority beliefs, how much time would you allot to these different segments? What would you guess is the number one priority of a church service to most pastors and the most time allotted to this particular item? Of course, its the sermon! Anywhere from 20 minutes to 45 minutes sometimes an hour in some situations. So, 50-75% of the allotted time of gathered Christians in a local setting is dedicated to the preaching or teaching of the Word of God. Now, hold on, Im not saying that this is good or badeven though Robert Webber had this pointed comment in his book Worship is a Verb: Some pastors are questioning the overwhelming dominance of the sermon. What is the second supposed priority of a church service and the second most time allotted to one item? Yes, you guessed it! Usually the music offered during the service receives the runner-up status. Sometimes this music is sung in one block of time; most of the time, it is disjointed and broken up throughout the church service. How much time is spent singing or listening to music during a church service? Lets do some ciphering. In a traditional or liturgical church, there is usually a Prelude (organ or piano or both sometimes an orchestra), there are two to three hymns sung (3-5 verses), a Choir Special, many times Special Music (soloist, duet, trio, quartet, etc.), instrumental music played during the offering or communion, the Invitation Hymn or Song of Consecration, and then the Postlude (organ or piano). Id say anywhere from 15 to 30 minutes of music is presented. What is the purpose of this music? Is it just filler? You know, preliminaries before the big event that is, the sermon? Or, is the goal actually to encounter the Lord and His goodness as a result of this music? For the regular church attender, do they effectively worship during this music? Why or why not? If you adopted the Temple Pattern of worship music, at what points in your service would they experience the three progressions Outer Court, Inner Court and Holy of Holies music? Does your congregation feel fragmented or fulfilled when it comes to corporate worship? What is keeping you, the head minister, from developing a church service that flows toward spiritual intimacy by incorporating meaningful worship music? If the worship service could enhance your sermon, wouldnt you want to strengthen that part of the service? If your worship service would create a hunger for God and a desire to seek after Him in your congregation, is this not a fulfillment of your calling as the Undershepherd of this flock? Do you want to play church or pursue Christ? As James F. White has said:

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Take away Christian worship, and it is hard to conceive of Christianity as long enduring. In a contemporary church, you have many of the same worship components found in a traditional service but they are given different priority. The hymns, choruses, choir number, and special music (soloist, etc.) are usually presented in one unified block of time. Their main emphasis is twofold praising and preaching. In many of these churches, there is a balance between the worship (music) time and the preaching or Bible teaching time. This is the kind of church that seems to be attracting people! I have discovered that some of these progressive churches are eliminating a lot of the announcements (putting them on an overhead or encouraging the congregation to read the bulletin); some have eliminated the formal passing of the offering plate and instead, they are putting donation boxes within the sanctuary for the people to place their offering either before or after the service; some are trying to tighten up every aspect of their service in order to spend more time in two areas worship and the Word. Praising then preaching is a powerful dynamic! Pastor(s), can you grab this concept? Great preaching is like an automobile and great congregational singing is like the key. Without the key, the automobile is no better than a plastic pink flamingo on the front lawn.3 And yet, among most churches that have congregational singing, they (traditional and contemporary churches) have a problem moving toward a time of intimate worship. Why? If you are the pastor of a contemporary church, how much time in your musical worship is spent on particular progressions of the Temple Pattern? Is most of your music time spent in the Outer Court (celebration, jubilation, high energy, fast tempo, loud music)? Are there identifiable transitions? That is, is there a time when the music slows down (the Inner Court) and the songs become more spiritually reflective and vertical? How much time is spent singing to the Lord and quietly drawing close to Him (the Holy of Holies)? If the Holy of Holies segment of the Temple progression gets the least amount of time, why is that? Is there a sense of holy expectancy? If your church sings contemporary songs and choruses, how often do you find your music bouncing back and forth between the different Temple progressions from Holy of Holies to Outer Court or any variety of combinations? Again, it is my firm belief that these actions create spiritual chaos and a frustrated heart. A pastor or music director must understand the interaction of body, soul and spirit in a worship service and especially how to direct each aspect of our being into submission unto Him. It is my opinion that the majority of contemporary churches in our land do not know how to progress into the Presence of the Lord. Thus, many congregants still leave their church feeling spiritually dry and unfulfilled. Who is responsible for the planning of the entire worship service? Who determines the criteria for the music? Perhaps the next section will be of assistance to those who plan, prepare and lead the worship music.

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God is spirit, and those who worship Him must worship in spirit and truth. (John 4:24)

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Chapter 20 The Worship Pastor or Director of Music

Wonder is the basis of worship. (Thomas Carlyle)

Next to the pastor or Senior Minister of a church, the Minister of Music or Worship Director is vital to the spiritual stability and growth of the church. Like the Levites of the Old Testament, the music director should be called and trained to lead the people in worship of Almighty God. What an awesome responsibility! The Pastor or Senior Minister has a very important role as an overseer to the congregation during the service and that is, helping to lead, or training someone to lead, the flock into meaningful worship. Some churches are so small, and the budgets are so limited, that the pastor may also lead the worship music. Let me ask the lone pastor these questions: Did you have any courses at Bible college or seminary dealing with worship or church music? Have you had any experience in leading a congregation in worship? Have you ever considered that just because you have studied the Bible and know how to preach that you still arent fully qualified to pastor until you have a workable and practical theology of music and worship? The great reformer and preacher, Martin Luther, says it pointedly: We must, of necessity, maintain music in schools. Neither should we ordain young fellows to the office of preaching except they have been wellexercised and practiced in the field of music. Unless you have someone in your congregation who is talented and called to help lead the music ministry, you are the main man. So, this chapter is also for preaching pastors who have to lead the worship music and this material is for specific people added to the church staff that is: Worship Pastors, Choir Directors, Song leaders, etc. But alas, dear lone ranger pastor, when at all possible, find a person called and trained to lead the worship service. Why? because this position is a full-time calling and a formidable task. And, when I say trained, I mean a person acquiring the knowledge and having the ability to lead through the different musical progressions of the Temple pattern of worship. Your churchs corporate worship goal is to help create an atmosphere conducive to the moving of the Holy Spirit in our lives that will draw us closer to Jesus and the throne of God. Do you want a church that is in love with Jesus and seeks the heart of the Lord?

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The Mission
There will be some doctrinal and denominational disagreements within this subsection. Most fundamentalist Bible churches and traditional churches (this includes liturgical), as well as many evangelical churches, view the role of musical worship as secondary to the preaching service (or proclamation of the Word). This tension has been cited and reiterated throughout the book. For most Pentecostal and charismatic churches, as well as some non-denominational and evangelical churches, corporate worship is primary and all other ministry is secondary. Carl Tuttle affirms this notion: Worship is our first or foundational ministry. It is not our only ministry, but the one that all other spheres of ministry should be built upon. As one peruses Scripture the constant thread of worship runs through the lives of those who were intimate with their God and used mightily by Him.1 One author, Leonard Payton, sees the biblical balance of worship and the Word: Ecclesiastical authorities, while recognizing that music is important to congregational life, usually fail to see that its biblical role puts it squarely within the ministry of the Word as a partner to preaching.2 Another worship leader says it succinctly: Music has always been at the center of the worshiping community.3 Or, Richard Foster even gets more to the point: The divine priority is worship first and service second.4 Fortunately or unfortunately, I do not feel led to add quotes from fundamentalist or traditional or liturgical sources that stress the priority of preaching. Obviously, the spoken Word is important. For historical students, it would appear that since the Reformation and Sola Scriptura battlecry, preaching and teaching has been the centerpiece of most churches. And, the scriptures should be our central focus but Gods Word proclaims both praising and preaching as needed spiritual food for the believer. For those of you who are traditionalists, one great Christian philosopher and theologian, Francis Schaeffer, offered his insight: A good hymn book is a wonderful companion to the Bible. It is my belief that corporate worship has been lacking and suffering from spiritual anemia within our churches for decades.no, centuries! And yet, how ironic that it was the Protestant Reformation that introduced the use of more popular styles of music in worship, according to John Frame. In spite of this historical popularity, if you come from a traditional setting but are serious about a deeper worship service (that is, the Temple pattern), you will undoubtedly face some criticism. If the congregation begins to

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progress into the Inner Court and Holy of holies in worship, you may be accused of promoting feelings or spiritual sentimentalism. Meaning, if the congregation is experiencing blessings in real time, theres a fear that this may lead to fanaticism or some kind of extremism. Jack Hayford shares his assessment of the situation: Todays ecclesiastical convictions tend to render any hint at seeking to be blessed as being suspect of carnal motivation.5 Traditional churches, especially those that are fundamental or evangelical, stress knowledge of the Word and downplay the touchy-feely or experiential spirituality. But, can we divorce our feelings and emotions from the essence of our being? Are we modern day Gnostics? Are we Christian Vulcans (for you who are Stark Trek fans)? Why cant we have both in balance knowledge along with experience? I realize that some traditionalists have Charisphobia and are afraid that deep congregational worship could lead to spiritual acting out you know, upraised hands, verbal acclamations (Amen! Hallelujah! Praise the Lord! Glory to God!), tears of repentance or tears of joy, or other outbursts of emotion. Again, Hayford accurately says: The issue is expressiveness: openness, forthrightness any assertive display of praise in worship settings beyond socially acceptable, cooperative singing. It begets a bevy of opinions for wild support to angered resistance.6 Why is there angered resistance to showing emotions or having feelings or being experiential during worship? There arent too many reasons that can be justified. On the other hand, I must admit that there is one main factor that justifies this resistance: selfcenteredness. Obviously, our emotions tend to be focused on self. Some fear, and rightly so, that experiences usually cause us to go inward. Thus, our upward goal of worship may be thwarted by inward feelings and self-absorption. While one author highlights these fears and accompanying resistance, he also adds a truth as to the power of music: Music speaks strongly to the emotions, and God intended it to be so.7 Here is my desire, as flawed as it may be, in a nutshell: Worship music must be balanced with scriptural truths as well as having the ability to spiritually move the congregation. There must be a divine conjunctive between my mind and emotions my head and my heart! While he is a major critic of contemporary music, Dan Lucarini shared his opinion why some people leave traditional churches for contemporary ones: I believe this desire for genuine worship is one of the primary reasons why people such as us leave conservative churches for contemporary ones. Each of us longs for a deeper, strong relationship with our Lord and Savior manifested through genuine worship (as contrasted to the fake worship we felt characterized the traditional church service) and we are led to believe this can be gained or enhanced through music.8

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While the preceding author rejects any worship music that has drums or unnatural rhythm, he understands the longing of most believers today. That is, he acknowledges a corporate hunger to know the Lord better and a desire to draw near to Him. Another author, Robert Godfrey, contrasts the two styles of worship with a similar critique: Traditional Protestant worship has probably been strong on reverence, and what has been called contemporary worship often seems enthusiastically joyful. But proponents of each approach must ask whether their views achieve a biblical balance. Traditional worship may proceed so mechanically and formalistically that emotion seems absent. Contemporary worship may be so insistent on fun and excitement that reverence and joy seem lost.9 There is a solution to these two extremes: the Temple Pattern of musical worship. Whether you are a traditional or contemporary church, progressing from the Outer Court to the Inner Court and into the Holy of holies with the proper music will bring a needed balance. And most of all, people will sense the Presence and Power of God and yes, this will involve the emotions. To know God with the head is one thing; to experience His love, joy and peace with the heart is another thing. I want both! We need both!!

The Calling
If you are a larger church or a growing congregation that can afford a full-time Worship Director, then this section is of vital importance to you. The bottom line is that any church that desires to add a Worship Pastor or music minister to their staff, this person must believe he is called of God to do this work and he must be trained to lead the church in effective worship. One worship leader and author says: Music ought to be of high quality, led by skillful (I Chron. 15:22; 2 Chron. 34:12; Psa. 33:3) artists. It should be memorable, bringing its text to dwell in the heart and mind.10 But wait, training is not the same as being called! While this potential leader may have a degree in music or can play an instrument or has a good voice (while necessary and beneficial), it does not mean he has the ability or calling to lead a congregation in dynamic worship. In a like manner, any person can acquire a Bible college or seminary degree and a talent for speaking but that does not mean that they are called to preach or pastor. And sometimes, because a pastor is so overworked and needs to desperately delegate some of his work load, he will appoint a person in his church that is not qualified, called or prepared. The minister needs to understand that the one who leads the worship needs to be as trained and as qualified as the senior pastor. These ideas are affirmed by one author: The worship music load I have described cannot be carried by most preachers. The biblical church musician has the ministry of the Word and prayer just like the pulpit preacher, but with musical means.

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He needs a corollary training to that of the preacher. He needs to operate under the same standards of accountability and doctrinal scrutiny as the preacher.11 On the other hand, even after agreeing with the preceding quotes, Ive seen people whom God has raised up from within the congregation. These individuals have a holy urgency from the Lord, they know music and usually have a talent (singing, playing piano or organ, another instrument, etc.), they love God and understand the heart of worship, and finally (and most importantly), the church recognizes the calling and giftedness of these persons. As a Worship leader, you have a sacred calling and divine imperative! The Worship leader helps create an environment for spiritual communion. A true leader of worship does not sing just to fill up space or promote his talents or hype the quality of the presentation. This person must make opportunities for the congregation to seek the Holy of holies. Robert Schaper offers his insight: If we are worship leaders, we must ask if we are giving adequate opportunity for people to participate in corporate praise, thus leading them into a deepening experience of personal praise. When we seek to give glory to God, it is a transforming process. We become like the One whom we adore.12 The Director of Music or Worship Pastor is a pivotal position. Why?because this person is singing the people through the Temple into the Inner Sanctum. Again, your ultimate goal as a Worship leader is to draw the congregants closer to the Lord and then stay there for a time enjoying the very presence of God worshiping and adoring Him. And for worship leaders to do this, they themselves must have a consistent and close walk with the Lord. This whole chapter is not to discourage any Worship leader, but to strongly encourage them in their position as a servant of the Lord. This is an awesome calling that requires a variety of godly characteristics. Franklin Segler comments: It is an awesome thing to come into the presence of God. The leader must commit himself anew for each particular occasion.The leader should subordinate himself and exalt God as the objective or worship. The spirit of the leader should be characterized by seriousness, reverence, joy, disciplined enthusiasm, hope, expectancy, and humility.13 Concerning expectancy, churches today need worship leaders who help create an atmosphere of spiritual anticipation a HOLY EXPECTANCY. As we are gathered in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, do we believe that He will be in our midst as He promised? Should we expect more than just singing about Jesus? Shouldnt we expect to move into His Presence and fellowship with Him? Anne Ortlund sums up all effective ministries in her book Up With Worship: When the crowds gathered under John the Baptists ministry, Luke 3:15 says they were waiting expectantly. Thats the idea.14

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The whole issue of leader subordination deserves a whole subsection. This is the one characteristic that can be easily compromised therefore, the aspect of humility needs to be stressed and applied. A Worship leader needs to continually ask himself: What is my focus? Or rather, Who are we to focus on? Listenwhat people are focusing on will either make or break the worship service.

The Focus
In most instances, Christians do not understand the role of the players in a worship experience. And unfortunately, many times the Worship Leader doesnt even understand his role. I agree with the insight of a past theologian whose theology of worship was explained by this author: The Danish philosopher and theologian, Soren Kierkegaard, compared worship to a dramatic production. In worship it often seems as though the worship leader is the actor and God is the prompter, whispering in his ear, telling him what to do next. The congregation listens and, at the end, they applaud if they like the way theyve led worship, or throw things (grumble or complain) if they dont. But Kierkegaard said that is all back to front. Rather, God is the audience, the congregation is the actors and the person leading worship is the prompter, simply keeping the production going. So when we come together to worship, we come not to observe but to connect fully with God.15 For all Ministers of Music and Song Directors - you are to be a prompter and not necessarily a producer. You are to be a pastor and not a performer. This message is affirmed by another educator: We are learning that worship is not something done for us but by us. The Lord is the only audience and we all are the worship priests. The platform ministers are merely the prompters and facilitators for the congregational worship.16 Too often the person leading the worship service gets into a performance or entertainment mode that is counterproductive to true worship. Consider the exhortations (or loving rebukes) from a variety of worship leaders: Services often become more performance than participation. The people tend to become critics rather than worshipers. The music director becomes a producer rather than a minister.17 Or, another author, singer, song writer and worship leader, Matt Redman gives worship leaders some needed instruction:

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We must always make sure (our worship energy) is simply the abundance of our hearts for Jesus and never a show for the benefit of others. Worship leaders take note of that. Its all too easy for what was once a pure act out of the abundance of the heart to become more of a performance when were on a stage in front of others. We need to guard against elements of performance creeping in when were leading people before the heavenly throne.18 This whole issue of misdirected performance is such a burden on Matts heart, that he reiterates the same theme later in his book: Performance is not necessarily a good way of leading worship. A worship leader needs as much as possible to be the unnoticed worshipper, simply encouraging the worship of God by setting an example for others to follow.19 The books written by Matt Redman on worship are powerful and a recommended read for traditional churches and especially for contemporary churches. As a worship leader, Matt has unique insight and gives special instruction for other worship leaders or song directors. (Note: Matt Redman has adapted a different phrase for his musical calling when he is in front of a body of believers. He has embraced the phrase lead worshipper instead of worship leader. To him, the person up front is to follow the leadings of the Holy Spirit and throw himself or herself wholeheartedly into worship as an example for others to follow. In Matts humble way, his understanding of being a lead worshipper is to focus on the One we want to please that is, the Lord.) Again, Matt gives the following excellent advice: I often define good worship leaders as those who lead strongly enough so that people follow but not so strongly that they themselves become the focus. Worship leaders must point as sensitively as possible to the Lord and never to themselvesWorship leaders who end up with a whole lot of attention arent actually very good at their job. Its as simple as that. They are not achieving their ultimate goal.20 This last quote has some pretty pointed statements about focus. If I would interview any local church attender and, when it comes to their assessment of the worship leader, ask them: How much attention does the worship leader attract to himself versus focusing the congregation on the Lord? Would they say: He actually doesnt do a very good job! Or, Actually, I dont notice him; we are all too busy worshipping the Lord! Which worship leader gets the prize? As a prompter and facilitator, you have a challenge set before you as the people congregate to worship: You must get them into the present with the Presence! The worshippers must become spiritually in synch. Consider the following instruction: Many come to church with a whirlwind of thoughts, cares, concerns and problems on the mindsthese tricks are not necessarily slick techniques but are more musical artistry in its truest sense.

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The goal is to synch everyone up to focus in on God as early on in the worship service as possible.Were not here to manipulate people or push buttonsbut to get people to focus in on the worship service.21 Matt Redman understands what true worship is all about. He wrote a powerful song after his pastor had taken away the sound system, the instrumentalists, and the Praise Team for a time in order to get back to simple form of worship. Matt was upset at first but soon surrendered to the new order of worship. This author said, By stripping everything away, we slowly started to rediscover the heart of worship. (p. 103) Here is a partial lyric and chorus from his well-known song that was inspired by his pastors actions: When the music fades, all is stripped away, and I simply come, Longing just to bring, something thats of worth that will bless Your heart. Ill bring You more than a song, for a song itself is not what You have required, You search much deeper within through the way things appear. Youre looking into my heart. Im coming back to the heart of worship, And its all about You, All about you, Jesus. Im sorry, Lord, for the thing Ive made it, When its all about You, All about You, Jesus.22

The Leading
In all the worship services Ive attended where they have been moving and effective, Ive noticed one outstanding characteristic about the worship leader and that is, he leads! In the book The Worship Maze, the author sees the leading as having a dual purpose: Leading worship is both a privilege and a burden. The privilege is obvious: there is not time in the week that is more important to individual Christians and to the entire congregation than the hour when the church gathers for corporate worshipThe flip side of this privilege is the burden of high expectations.23 A worship leader should understand that he faces high expectations from the King of kings. As a faithful undershepherd, you are to lead your sheep into greener pastures and still waters. How? Let me offer three practicalities. From my personal observations, here is how the worship leader accomplishes effective leading:

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1. Verbal communication A Spirit-led worship leader doesnt just sing hymns, songs and choruses; he communicates with the congregation. He gives verbal direction. For instance, the worship leader may share with the congregation what progression or Temple Pattern they are in or transitioning into: We praise You, O God, for our victory through your Son. Lets now rejoice and be glad! Or, Fellow believers, lets worship His majesty! Or, People of God, lets quiet our hearts as we begin to draw near to Jesus. Or, Right now, Im asking the drums and all instruments to quit playing. Lets softly sing our Hallelujahs as a congregation to the King of kings. Dear Leader of Worship, you need to be spiritually discerning and know when and how to verbally herd the sheep into the Shepherds presence. Remember, you are a prompter! 2. Physical communication The song leader models and reflects the spiritual flow of the service with his bodily actions or reactions. For instance, he may begin to clap which encourages the people to clap for a time of celebration; he may be closing his eyes which signals the congregation that this is a time of reflection or meditation; he may be raising his hands in praise which tells the people that this is a time of adoration. Im sure someone may now say, But isnt this just for show or a put-on? I hope and pray not! If the Worship Pastor isnt in tune with God or if he doesnt spiritually connect with or get into the flow of the Spirit, then he shouldnt be leading these sacred moments in the first place. 3. Spiritual communication This characteristic involves intercession and verbal supplication between and during the music. The very prayers of a Worship Pastor help create a holy environment for the Presence of God to move freely. Im not saying that there should be prayers after every song that is sung. But, when the director senses a holy moment or discerns that God is blessing and moving, he should stop the singing temporarily and pray that is, acknowledge the Lord and His loving Presence. And, many times, the music is softly playing in the background during this time. For instance, the leader might pray: Father, after singing that song, my heart is breakingand I sense the hearts of others are moved as well. May Your Holy Spirit continue to move and melt usmold us according to Your perfect will. Or, Lord Jesus, we believe You are here among us as You promised in Your Wordwe bow before Your Presencewe magnify the mighty Name that is above all names. Be free to pray for whats happening in that moment! The bottom line: Dynamic songs with heartfelt singing and worship coupled with powerful intercessory prayer draws us into His Presence! WARNINGto the Senior Pastor! Hopefully, the Senior Minister or administrator(s) will grant the Worship Pastor the freedom to lead worship as the Spirit leads and directs. Ive seen too many Worship Ministers who are restricted to singing only that is, no talking or praying during the music time. That restriction is a procedural mistake! especially if this music director has been called by God and affirmed by you or the Elders or the whole church. If he is trained and has some degree of spiritual maturity, the head pastor should trust this man with helping to lead the congregation into Gods Throne room.

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While scouring the Internet for other resources on worship leading, I found the following four points entitled Keys to Effective Worship Leading: 1. 2. 3. 4. An effective worship leader is first and foremost a worshipper. An effective worship leader is spiritually mature. Preparation is a key to effective worship leading. Communication is a key to effective worship leading.24

If you are a worship leader, how would those in your worship service rate you according to these four points? Or, worship author, Paul Basden, gives the following goals for an effective worship leader: In choosing music for worship, the worship planner should consider several goals: 1. Choose music with a specific intention and purpose in mind. 2. Choose music that brings people into closer contact with God, with self and with the world. 3. Choose music that balances objectivity and subjectivity. 4. Choose music that balances the familiar with the less familiar. 5. Choose music that is doctrinally sound and experientially valid.25 It is my prayer that this section has been encouraging and motivating and not frustrating. Worship is such a vital aspect of congregational life. If God inhabits the praises of His children, then we should prepare to praise and worship. True believers hunger for Holy Spirit inhabitation! It grieves my heart when I see churches approach their music service in a shoddy way. Again, I believe the old anecdote: Holy shoddy is still shoddy! Lets give the Lord our best and create a spiritual environment best suited for Him to move in, on, and through our lives!

And Chenaniah, chief of the Levites, was in charge of the singing; he gave instruction in singing because he was skillful. (I Chronicles 15:22)

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Chapter 21 Effective Worship Music

To connect your people with God takes strategy all the strategy you can scratch, claw, and dig for. (Anne Ortlund. Up With Worship.)

I have used the term effective a number of times in my description of worship music. To be effective is a very subjective concept especially in a corporate church atmosphere. Therefore, the definition will come from my own personal point of view as well as the input of others who have a hunger to seek after God through worship music. To bring some objectivity and direction to this topic, we should ask the main question: How does a person (pastor or parishioner) gauge the effectiveness of a worship service?

The Questions
Here are some possible questions to consider which Ive accumulated from a variety of resources: 1. Are you engaged during the song service? That is, do you sing along, or at least follow the words of the song, as it is being sung? (Note: One of my concerns is when most, or a good portion, of the congregation is in an observant mode and not participating. Its like they are watching a performance.) 2. Does the music or songs illicit emotions? Are you stirred? 3. Do you come away from church still humming a worship song? Do certain words continue to resound in your head? 4. Is there a defined time of celebration, expectation and adoration? 5. Do you sense the presence of God during this time of singing? (Note: God is worthy of praise regardless of what we feel or if emotions are present or absent. I am talking about a Holy Presence and reciprocal love being spiritually discerned.) 6. Do you sense the power of God as the worship leader takes you deeper into worship? 7. Do you feel changed or ministered to as a result of this song service? 8. Were the lyrics of the songs biblically accurate?
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9. Was the focus of the songs on the Lord Jesus Christ? 10. In the end, was God glorified during this time?

The Criteria and Evaluation

Over 25 years ago, two joint-authors offered the following criteria for effective worship music. Is their criteria still applicable for today? Answer the following questions in light of your own church worship service: Does the music speak the feelings and thoughts of the true worshiper? Is it related to life itself? Does the music express universal truths as well as individual emotions? Does the music help each individual to grow in Christian stature? Does the music speak of eternal mysteries? Does the greatness of the music suggest the greater majesty of God? Is the music creative in design and performance? Does it help make the time of worship one of new insights, new visions, and new approaches to God? Have composer and performers assumed moral responsibility for creative integrity and excellence of craftsmanship in presenting the Word of God.1

Another Bible scholar, pastor and author has a detailed checklist for believers concerning how they should evaluate the musical worship service: Biblical content If there is no message in the song, or if the message does not square with orthodox biblical doctrine, then there is no place for it in Christian worship. Technical Excellence No amount of beautiful melody can compensate for poor poetry nor should beautiful poetry be wedded to an ugly tune. Spiritual motive The line between performance and ministry is a fine one. We need to minister to the glory of God. Authenticity Worship ministry must be a true and sincere expression of the person and his culture. We must leave room for variety. Balance Variety and balance are important if we are to have a healthy worship experience. Setting I realize the dangers that are involved when we get too concerned about atmosphere, but perhaps we could afford to take a few risks!2

So, how does your church measure up? Are you taking risks? Do not be discouraged if you believe your worship service is lacking. The flow of worship and methodologies can be changed if the pastor or music director is willing.

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If they are not willing to change, then dont blame yourself for feeling frustrated or discouraged. If you arent being spiritually lifted up during worship time, then find a gathering that offers an atmosphere where you can seek the Presence of the Lord in a corporate setting! Jack Hayford offers these questions for consideration: In any search of the real meaning of worship, (there are) questions of us who worship: What value are you placing here? Is the manner of honoring the One being worshiped proportionate to His character and attributes? Do the praises of worshipers indicate their awareness of the traits inherent in the One they extol? What is present of adoration of plain, heartfelt, emotional love and affection? Does the worship involve genuine devotion or is it only intellectualized in truth, but no in spirit?3 Christians in America are not the only ones concerned about effective worship music. The following Guidelines for the Selection of Sound Christian Music, coming from a church in the nation of Singapore, asks questions concerning the message as well as the music: The first and foremost guide for choosing a hymn/song is to ask ourselves concerning the content and message it intends to convey. Does it have a sound scriptural message in the lyrics? Is it just mere repetitive and hollow words? What is in the lyrical content, musical character and theology of the music? Are there scriptural and moral flaws? The musical arrangement must be in tandem with the words that go with the music. Consider the tune or melody and rhythm. Is it harmonious, consonant music or dissonant? Is it uplifting, devotional and edifying? Is it jarring, loud, and distracting? Does the harmony and rhythm overwhelm the main melody?4 (Note: This overseas Bible church is radically opposed to certain kinds of music within their church that has any semblance to Rock and Roll. They have a large section in their Internet website that teaches of the dangers or evils of this kind of worldly and fleshly music.) Or, another worship author, Robert Godfrey, wants a church seeker to ask the following questions: You need to ask these questions about the worship of any church you plan to attend:

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How much of the service is given to singing that is biblical in content and character? Are both joyful thanksgiving and reverent awe expressed and balanced in the service?5

Leonard Payton offers the following personal comments and questions about corporate worship: We will need to review the way we spend our time in corporate worship. Each (time we gather as a local church) we will need to ask: Did the music ministry today cause the word of Christ to dwell in us richly? Did we teach and admonish one another with psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs? Did we sing with gratitude in our hearts to God for Christs finished work on the Cross? My guess is that we will quickly find that we do not sing together enough to accomplish these biblical demands.6 In a must-read book called The Worship Maze, Paul Basden offers the following evaluative questions for the worship service: Ministers who do not evaluate worship services miss the valuable learning experience of improving corporate worship for the glory of God Consider evaluative questions like these: Were the facilities and equipment ready? (sound system, lights, air conditioning, instruments, and so on) Were the worship leaders fully notified and prepared? Did each element of worship meet its goal? Did the congregation actively participate in worship? Did the service have an identifiable flow and direction? Were Gods transcendence and immanence portrayed? Did people leave the service aware of Gods love, grace and power? Did people leave knowing that their sins were forgiven? Did people encounter God in a life-changing way? Asking these kinds of questions will assist any worship planner with the critical job of worship evaluation.7 Finally, I would like to present one of the most comprehensive church presentations on their requirements for a worship service. The following guidelines come from Pastor John Piper and the Bethlehem Baptist Church of Minneapolis, Minnesota: What Unites Us in Worship A Philosophy of Music and Worship at Bethlehem Baptist Church:

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1. God-centeredness. A high priority on the vertical focus of our Sunday morning service. The ultimate aim is to so experience God that He is glorified in our affections. 2. Expecting the powerful presence of God. We do not just direct ourselves toward Him. We earnestly seek His drawing near according to the promise of James 4:8. We believe that in worship God draws near to us in power and makes Himself known and felt for our good and for the salvation of unbelievers in our midst. 3. Bible based and Bible saturated. The content of our singing and praying and welcoming and preaching and poetry will always conform to the truth of Scripture. The content of Gods Word woven through all we do in worship and will be the ground of all our appeal to authority. 4. Head and heart. Worship aims at kindling and carrying deep, strong, real emotions toward God but does not manipulate peoples emotions by failing to appeal to clear thinking about spiritual things based on shareable evidences outside ourselves. 5. Earnestness and intensity. Avoid a trite, flippant, superficial, frivolous atmosphere but instead set an example of reverence and passion and wonder. 6. Authentic communication. Utterly renounce all sham and deceit and hypocrisy and pretense and affectation and posturing. Avoid the atmosphere of artistic or oratorical performance, but cultivate the atmosphere of a radically personal encounter with God and truth. 7. The manifestation of God and the common good. We expect and hope and pray (according to I Cor. 12:7) that our focus on the manifesting of God is good for people and that therefore a spirit of love for one another is not incompatible with but necessary to authentic worship. 8. Undistracting excellence. We will try to sing and play and pray and preach in such a way that peoples attention will not be diverted from the substance by shoddy ministry nor by excessive finesse, elegance, or refinement. Natural, undistracting excellence will let the truth and beauty of God shine through. 9. The mingling of historic and contemporary music. And he said to them, Therefore every scribe who has been trained for the kingdom of heaven is like a master of a house who brings out of his treasure what is new and what is old. (Matt. 13:52.)8 Are there other questions that come to your mind about an effective worship service? What would they be? Write them down and use this chapter as a guideline. Bring these concerns to your Senior Pastor and/or the Worship Pastor and see how they respond. Remember, I am not necessarily pushing for contemporary Christian worship music (although I like this style), but I am pushing for the Temple Pattern of musical worship and helping to create an environment conducive to corporately moving toward an intimate time with the Lord. Whether your style is traditional or contemporary, you can have an effective worship service if you musically progress toward spiritual intimacy.

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I was glad when they said to me, Let us go to the house of the Lord. (Psalm 122:1)

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Chapter 22 The Worshipper

Worship is an opportunity for man to invite Gods power and presence to move among those worshiping Him. (Jack Hayford. Worship His Majesty)

So far, Ive described what I consider to be effective worship music and an effective worship leader. But, there is another crucial component to Singing Down the Presence and Power of God and that is, the worshipper. Again, we must try to answer the question: Who or what is an effective worshipper? Remember that worship is based on an intimate relationship. Intimacy involves ones heart the attitudes and intentions. Therefore, you can have the most Spirit-filled music in the world and have one of the most Spirit-led Worship Directors in all Christendom and still not personally enter into a true worship experience. Without a loving or desiring heart, worship will not fly for you. One could look at the corporate worship experience as two wings of an airplane. The form of the worship (music melody, harmony, or lyrics, the choir, praise band or praise team, worship leader, etc.) is one wing of the plane. You, the worshipper, are the other wing. And unfortunately, in many worship services, one or both of the wings are malfunctioning or absent. Even if the plane has plenty of power and strong engines, it will not fly straight with a wing missing. I knowevery analogy eventually breaks down. I cant tell you how many times Ive observed people merely observing during a worship service whether contemporary or traditional. They are not active participants. While they are present, they arent really present. And, Im not just talking about not singing. Its as if some people are merely counting the minutes that this worship time is merely a necessary evil or an unwanted appendage. Some seem distracted and disassociated. Im sure there are a number of other reasons: bad mood, bad week, bad attitude, bad hair day, bad kids, bad spouse, bad job, bad life, blah, blah, blah! I feel sad when I dont see individuals moving toward the Throne of Grace. I feel doubly sad when I dont see the church corporately moving toward the Holy of holies. We are not to be observers; God is supposed to be the Observer. You, the worshipper, are the performer and God is the audience. Therefore, this requires active participation on your part. It is not a time to daydreamplan the weekthink about foodworry about troubles (money, spouse, kids, job, etc.)unless it is to surrender them to the Lord as we approach His majesty. And again, a good worship leader leads the sheep that is, he gets them to move toward the Great Shepherd. Of course, on any given day some sheep are bound to act like goats! This should not be the norm.

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If Jesus calls us to worship in spirit and in truth, then there are obviously conditions or qualifications for being an effective worshipper. What does the Bible say about acceptable worship? What would these qualifications entail? The Bible does not come right out and give us a specific list of qualifications as it does for Overseers or Deacons of a church (found in I Timothy 3 and Titus 1). The principles for worship must be interpreted and then applied from different verses and fundamental Bible truths. Again, I am sure that interpretations will vary but, lets concentrate on some basics.

Qualifications
Being a Christian: First, and foremost, the worshipper must be a born-again Christian. This should be obvious. How can a person enter into Gods Presence if he or she is not covered with Christs righteousness by receiving Him as their personal Savior and Lord? Jesus said in John 14:6 I am the way, and the truth, and the life; no one comes to the Father, but through Me. A person can sing hymns or choruses their whole life in a church and still not truly worship. One must be a child of God in order to approach the Father. This is a positional requirement! Being Christlike: This quality is an experiential and temporal requirement for an acceptable worshipper. The Christian should be living a consecrated and Christ-centered life that is, living in holiness and striving to remain pure. This trait also involves being Spirit-filled and surrendered. The following verses may help you identify a worshippers qualifications and conditions for acceptable worship. I Peter 1:15-16 But like the Holy One who called you, be holy yourselves also in all your behavior; because it is written, You shall be holy, for I am holy. Heb. 12:14 Pursuethe sanctification without which no one will see the Lord. Psalm 24:3-4a Who may ascend into the hill of the Lord? And who may stand in His holy place? He who has clean hands and a pure heart James 4:8b Cleanse your hands, you sinners; and purify your hearts, you double-minded. Romans 6:19c Present your members as slaves to righteousness, resulting in sanctification. Matt. 15:8-9 This people honors Me with their lips, but their heart is far away from Me. But in vain do they worship Me, teaching as doctrines the precepts of men.

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I Peter 2:5b Offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. Romans 12:1-2- I urge you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies a living and holy sacrifice, acceptable to God, which is your spiritual service of worship. Being Respectful: Every believer, as a child of the King, has the authority and ability to boldly come before the Throne of Grace. A variety of scriptures affirm this right and privilege. But, boldness should never be confused with brashness! There is a concern among Christian leaders that worship has become too flippant too casual too cozy - and in the process, the church has lost the reverence and fear of God. As Gods children, we must approach the Father with awesome respect and honor. Psalm 96:8-9 Ascribe to the Lord the glory of His name; bring an offering, and come into His courts. Worship the Lord in holy attire; tremble before Him all the earth. Psalm 99:1-3, 5 The Lord reigns, let the people tremble; He is enthroned above the cherubim, let the earth shake! The Lord is great in Zion, and He is exalted above all the peoples. Let them praise Thy great and awesome name; Holy is HeExalt the Lord our God, and worship at His footstool; Holy is He. Hebrews 12:28-29 Therefore, since we receive a kingdom which cannot be shaken, let us show gratitude, by which we may offer to God an acceptable service with reverence and awe (a godly fear); for our God is a consuming fire. II Cor. 7:1 Therefore, having these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all defilement of flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God. Being Expectant: Do you want to know a vital condition for me as an effective worshipper?ANTICIPATION! When I seek the face of God and hunger to be in His Presence, I humbly expect Him (according to scriptural promises) to reciprocate my love and meet me at my very need. I need Himyou need Him! We should anticipate a time of intimate fellowship with Jesus. Expectancy is an aspect of faith that is, the substance of things hoped for and the evidence of things not seen! Matthew 7:7-8 Ask, and it shall be given to you; seek, and you shall find; knock, and it shall be opened to you. For everyone who ask receives, and he who seeks finds, and to him who knocks it shall be opened. Matthew 18:20 - :For where two or three have gathered together in My name, there I am in their midst. James 4:8a - Draw near to God and He will draw near to you.

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James 4:10 - Humble yourselves in the presence of the Lord, and He will exalt you. Hebrews 4:16 Let us therefore draw near with confidence to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and may find grace to help in time of need. Are you an effective worshipper? Are you spiritually qualified? When you enter into a time of corporate worship, do you offer acceptable spiritual sacrifices? Do you truly have a hungry heart and thirsty soul to seek hard after Jesus? Do you really believe that His Spirit is present (as He promised) when you are corporately gathered? Is your spirit haughty or humble?calloused or contrite?sassy or surrendered?brash or broken? proud or pure? Do you actively participate or passively observe the worship service? You alone must look inward and answer these questions. No one but God knows your heart and innermost thoughts. But, if you need spiritual heart surgery, then ask the Great Physician to give you a new hearta softened hearta pliable hearta hungry heart that desires the Bread of Life. I readily confess to my readers that there have been numerous times that I whine and complain about a worship service the music, the singers, the choir, the worship leader, the instruments, the volume, etc. and honestly, the real problem is ME! Now granted, worship can be, and should be, an exciting and fulfilling event when a church applies the Temple Pattern of musical worship with a skillful and Spirit-led leader. But, even creating the perfect worship atmosphere does not change my heart. This requires the supernatural. I need a divine touch for this to happen! One nationally-known Bible teacher and pastor, John MacArthur, Jr., gives his insight on this issue: Music and liturgy can assist or express a worshiping heart, but they cannot make a non-worshipping heart into a worshiping oneSo, the crucial factor in worship in the church is not the form of worship, but the state of the hearts of the saints.1 Truthfully, I want the best of both worlds! We should want the form of worship to be spiritually effective as well as wanting an expectant faith and a pure heart as an acceptable worshipper. If Im a Kings Kid, then I expect the Undershepherds of the Fathers nursery (the local church) to help lay me onto His lap. If were ready, eager and willing, then there should be a platform provided in which we can experience His Presence and intimately fellowship with Him. Im ready for a Heavenly Lovefest! If I may paraphrase a line from a charismatic singer and evangelist whose down home statement would be my hearts desire and goal as a worshipper, it would be: When heaven kisses the worship service, I want to be right in the middle of the smack! And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength. (Mark 12:30)

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Chapter 23 A Theology of MusicKind Of

Worship without theology is sentimental and weak; theology without worship is cold and dead. (William Temple)

In the Beginning
There are a variety of scholarly books that can provide you with an extensive theology or methodology of music. I would encourage you to find such a book and study it. (Look at the bibliography in the back of this material.) In this theological section, I am going to present some biblical passages dealing with music according to my own research and interpretation. Of course, there will be some armchair theologians that may accuse me of reading into the text or taking a passage out of context. In fact, I will tell you upfront that there are a number of interpretations that arise when you read about praise, worship, singing and music in the Bible. Its okay if you disagree with my scriptural insights. I understand that whenever there are two believers gathered in His name, there are usually three opinions! Therefore, this chapter is not a comprehensive theology of music. Instead, Id like to share some passages of scripture that are interesting to me because of my Temple Pattern presentation and progression of musical worship. You need to personally search the scriptures for yourself and come to your own conclusions about the place of music as it relates to God and how the Lord wants to use music in your life and the life of the Church. Music definitely has a spiritual dimension to it. Does that statement sound kind of New Age-ish to you? Is this merely an assumption on my part or is there biblical precedence for this concept? We know that music can appeal to all parts of our being body (physical), soul (intellect, emotions, will) and spirit (the inner sanctum or spiritual part of us). As believers, we should especially be concerned about the spiritual dimension of music. And, by the way, the word spiritual does not always mean Godly or close to Jesus. The devil also functions in the spiritual realm. Hold that last thought! Can music have a spiritual dynamic about it? Of course! I believe God created music originally as a means to express His glory and majesty. Think about it. There is music in the presence of God. In Heaven, around the Throne of God in His very Shekinah glory there is music! What a concept! We read in Rev. 14:3a And they sang a new song before the throne And in Rev. 15:3 And they sang the song of Moses the bondservant of God and the song of the Lamb, saying, Great and marvelous are Thy works, O Lord God, the Almighty; Righteous and true are Thy ways, Thou King of the nations.

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The angels of God and the saints (believers) of God sing before His mighty throne of grace! On the other hand, I believe there is music that is orchestrated and used by the devil. Some theologians say that Satan, once known as Lucifer (also interpreted as the shining one or star of the morning Isaiah. 14:12) was once the master musician around Gods throne before he fell. While some scholars argue about the context and the person being addressed, I find the following passages quite interesting. In Ezekiel 28:14a we read, You were the anointed cherub who covers, and I placed you there. You were on the holy mountain of God. Lucifer was a shining angel appointed by God to cover Gods holy mountain (or throne) some believe this covering was that of music. In Isa. 14:11a we read, Your pomp and the music of your harps have been brought down to Sheol Is this verse referring to an earthly king or Lucifer? If the verses refer to just a king, then Verses 1314 are very problematic as this being or personage is seeking the very throne of God. Some scholars say in Ezek. 28:13c that the workmanship of the cherubs settings and sockets refers to musical instrumentation. In the King James Version, it says: the workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in thee in the day that thou was created. A tabret, or toph in Hebrew, translates as tambourine an instrument of percussion and rhythm. I find it fascinating that some scholars conjecture that Lucifers whole being was created as a musical instrument. Do you understand this concept? Instead of playing an instrument, he was the instrument! Music came from his very created being. I would imagine that at his fall, he didnt lose his ability to play music since that was his whole essence but, that the nature of his music and mission became totally distorted, perverted and corrupt.

Musics Spiritual Dimension

It makes sense to me then why the origin of music can be seen as spiritual in nature and therefore, the dynamic of music can be used to move us toward God or move us toward the flesh, the world, or the demonic side of life. In light of this, is it any wonder that many believers are quite concerned about the kind of music (or style or form) presented in the church? There is a justified fear that some music is merely an adaptation of the worlds system and not really worshipful music that glorifies God. Both sides (traditional and contemporary) need to be careful on this issue! Some writers say that music with any beat is demonic and to be avoided. (See my chapter on Rock n Roll Raucous.) While we dont want to become overly legalistic in our musical exclusiveness, we dont want to become overtly libertine in our musical inclusiveness either. Can certain styles of music appeal to the physical side of our being thus creating an atmosphere of fleshliness or carnality? Yes. Can certain forms of music create an atmosphere conducive to soulishness (that is, appealing to the emotions, feelings and sentimentality)? Of course. Can some music lead us to the dark side? Unfortunately, yes.

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How will you know? You must ask yourself some penetrating questions. (See my chapter on Effective Music Worship and questions to ask yourself.) On the other hand, can certain kinds of music minister to our spirit to our very inner nature that comes alive by the Spirit of God? Most certainly! And, if you are tracking with me, the three Temple Progressions line up with these areas. Think through the Outer Court, Inner Court and Holy of Holies process again and determine what makes certain music worshipful and draws you to the Throne Room of God. What music touches you to the very spiritual core of your being and why? Music is a powerful, spiritual tool. God knows it He created it. Satan knows it he perverted it. The styles of music can moves us in different directions with positive or negative outcomes. In the positive realm, researchers affirm that certain music can heal, soothe, and restore. I know this personally. There was a time in my life when my wife and I were going through an incredible valley experience. I felt I was walking through the valley of the shadow of death. My wounded spirit was dragging me down as well as hurting the soul of my wife. As one preacher has coined it, I was experiencing the midnight of my soul. Vertical praise and worship music is what sustained us and fed our soul and strengthened our inner spirit. We bear testimony to the spiritual dynamic of praise music to refresh, revitalize, revive, and restore our inner selves. I know what some of you are thinking: Wait a minute, biblically speaking we know that worship is to be theocentric (God-centered)you have explained the results of your praise in terms of anthropocentrism (man-centered). Your focus is wrong! Not really! What we experience is always a byproduct of being in His Presence and focusing on Him. There will always be this theological and experiential tension between the reason and results of worship. Jack Hayford says it best: So God designed worship to be fulfilling to man, but there is one problem a monstrous theological fly in the ointment of prospective joy: anthropocentrism. Anthropocentric means centered in man. Its a term cast up by any theologian who is nervous about experience-oriented spirituality. Its the unpardonable sin in some quarters of evangelical orthodoxy.1 During our valley experience of spiritual dearth, our worship was God-centered but as we progressed into His Presence, and He received our love and adoration, He loved us back and ministered to us in powerful ways. What?you think worship is a one-way street? I knowI knowworship is coming before God and honoring Him with adoration and love. I also know that God is worthy regardless of my love toward Him. On the other hand, the Bible says that as believers we are children of God. So, when your child jumps into your lap with hugs and kisses and unconditional love, do you just sit there and receive it but offer nothing back? As you are holding your loving child, do you think: Yes, as an all-providing parent, I am worthy of my childs love and deserve his or her affection! but you dont give any love back? This does not normally happen. Come onif an earthly father knows how to give love, how much more does our Heavenly Father eagerly respond to those of us who love and seek after Him?

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One well-known pastor and author offers an alternative view to the reciprocal scope and nature of worship: A worship service is convened: (1) to serve God with our praise and (2) to serve peoples need with His sufficiencyWorship is to be to God and for manAccording to Gods heart and Word worship is for people.2 When it comes to worship and finding the heart of God, one of the books Ive enjoyed most reading has to be Worship His Majesty by Jack Hayford. This is a book worth getting and studying as well as applying. He offers biblical insights that you will not find in most other books on this topic. While he is Pentecostal in theology, his approach to worship is scriptural and well-balanced. I enjoyed his discovery concerning a historical church teaching: The Westminster Shorter Catechism says: The chief end of man is to glorify God and to enjoy Him forever. I was surprised: the dual emphasis had been there all the time, but I hadnt seen itI saw, to my delight, that this classically approved and theologically acceptable statement declares a dual truth: First, God is to be the focus of our praise; second, He has always planned that in worship we would find joy, blessing, fulfillment and purpose.3 Now, wait a minute, before you begin to point a finger at me or this Bible teacher and accuse us of using praise music just for our own edification, we realize the ultimate goal of music: to glorify God. Again, Pastor Hayford adds a caution: In saying that worship is for man, I havent said worship is to him; and, in saying worship is a gift to man, I didnt say it is not to be expressed unto God.4 We receive the blessed benefits of drawing close to Godand He promises that He will draw close to us. I dont know about you, but for me, this is a win-win situation! The point is that worship is vital to our spiritual healthand, music enhances this experience. How important is the scope of music and songs presented to God? Reflect on the following statement: The whole book of Psalms means songs and thus we have Godinspired scripture set to music (voice and instruments). And what is the thrust or nature of the Psalms?PRAISE TO GOD! Psalm 69:30 I will praise the name of God with song, and shall magnify Him with thanksgiving. To the Hebrew or Jewish mind, music was the primary way to praise God vocally and with instruments. (Also, turn to Psalm 33:1-5 and read this passage.) Bible scholars say that one of the Hebrew words that we translate as meditation means: a musical notation; a murmuring sound. So, in some cases, meditation means to hum praises to God. Psalm 19:14 says: Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart be acceptable in Thy sight, O Lord, my rock and my Redeemer. If you cant hold a note, then hum or murmur some praises to God. Just do it!

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While our objective is to use music to exalt God, He also uses music to bring healing and wholeness to us. Have you ever been sad, scared, down or depressed, and at that moment started to hum a godly song? You begin to have hope as your heart is strengthened and your spirit begins to get fed. Something spiritual happens as you worship! Many have experienced a supernatural inner strength because of godly music. For some people, and Im one of them, night times can be difficult. If we have a high anxiety day and heightened emotions, along with tiredness, our defenses are down. These are the times when struggles, fear, and discouragement can be overwhelming. The writers of the Bible acknowledge that night can be tough. We need faithbuilding or soulquieting songs of God to minister to us. We read in Job 35:10 But no one says, Where is God my maker who gives songs in the night. We also see this in Psalm 77:6 I will remember my song in the night; I will meditate with my heart; and my spirit ponders. Or, in Isaiah 30:20 You will have songs as in the night when you keep the festival; and gladness of heart as when one marches to the sound of the flute, to go to the mountain of the Lord, to the Rock of Israel.

Strength Through Songs

So, when some writers try to make you feel guilty for using godly music for your own self-edification or personal use, ask God to forgive them of their ignorance or selfrighteous pride. Since music can be spiritual in nature, we can use it to bless the Lord and He can use it to bless us! We need to remember what Paul and Silas did when they were beaten and thrown into prison with stocks and chains. In Acts 16:25 we read, But about midnight Paul and Silas were praying and singing hymns of praise to God, and the prisoners were listening to them. It appears that their spirits were kept strong as they prayed and sang songs in the night! Hmmma midnight Prayer and Praise meeting sounds interesting! And, whats even more fascinating is what follows their worship time. As a possible spiritual by-product, we read in Verse 26 that: Suddenly there came a great earthquake, so that the foundations of the prison house were shaken; and immediately all the doors were opened, and everyones chains were unfastened. Some authors think that this deliverance came as a result of their humble surrender and worshiping God in the midst of their circumstances. Was this a name-it-and-claim-it scenario? No. Did they expect to be delivered as a result of their prayer time? No. They were just loving their Godand He chose to respond in a unique and miraculous way. When we need spiritual strength and then we come before God to worship Him, isnt this need rather anthropocentric and not theocentric? You theologians can argue about this all day long! But, for those of us who hunger to seek after God in the midst of our weaknesses, a needed spiritual dimension is added when we come to Him with musical praise. We find our true satisfaction in the Lord. John Piper, writing to pastors, shares a perspective that causes some gasps among theologians:

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The essence of worship is satisfaction in God. It will transform your pastoral leadership in worship if you teach your people that the basic attitude of worship on Sunday morning is not to come with your hands full to give to God but with your hands empty to receive from God. And what you receive in worship is God, not entertainment. Teach them that they ought to come hungry for God.5 In Exodus 15:1-2 we read, Then Moses and the sons of Israel sang this song to the Lord, and said, I will sing to the Lord, for He is highly exaltedThe Lord is my strength and song. When we are lacking in spiritual strength, we need to turn to the Lord, pray, and seek His face. And, one of the greatest ways to seek His face is to offer praise and adoration in song and music. In the midst of our weaknesses, He provides our hearts with songfor He is our song. Psalm 118:14 says: The Lord is my strength and my song. Or, Isaiah 12:2 says: Behold, God is my salvation, I will trust and not be afraid; for the Lord God is my strength and song, and He has become my salvation. One of the wisest men in the Bible was Solomon. What place did music have in this man of wisdoms life? In I Kings 4:32 we read: He also spoke 3,000 proverbs, and his songs were 1,005. Wow!in the 21st century, King Solomon would have been rich from his music royalties alone! Does God still inspire people today to write music about Him and to Him? Well, of course. And who are the writers, or what music publishers, have been doing this today? Most of the music comes from the Contemporary Christian Music Movement. What about the New Testament? Are these scriptures quiet in reference to songs and music? No! In fact, as a result of being filled with the Holy Spirit we read in Eph. 5:19 speaking to one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody with your heart to the Lord. And again, Paul says in Col. 3:16 Let the word of Christ richly dwell within you, with all wisdom teaching and admonishing one another with psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with thankfulness in your hearts to God. Did you notice the phrase spiritual songs in both verses? Music is definitely spiritual in its original dimension and created purpose. When you can, saturate yourself with Christian music. And, progress your musical worship according to the Temple Pattern strive to move toward the Holy of Holies. Outer Court music is exciting; Inner Court music is filled with reflective expectancy; and the Holy of holies music is intimately ethereal! To arrive at this final musical progression, you must have a desire to commune with Him and want to be in spiritual union with the Lord. You can minister to God with your loving praises and He can minister to your heart with His agape love. Permit me to repeat myself: Godly music can be a tremendous spiritual force in our lives. As we draw close to Jesus, He will draw close to us and we can be ministered to in a tri-fold way: body, soul, and spirit.

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God is spirit, and those who worship Him must worship in spirit and truth. (John 4:24)

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Extra Notes

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APPENDICES

I A Critique of the Critics II Raucous Rock and Roll Reflection III Praise and Worship Examples in Revelation

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A Critique of the Critics

Contemporaries do not see the need for any discussion about music styles. (Dan Lucarini)

While I want to keep my presentation positive, motivational and visionary, I must add my thoughts about a handful of rather negative books, articles and quotes that have circulated among various denominations and certain Christian circles. The major critique of the critics seems to be: Contemporary Christian Worship Music. And, contrary to the above quote, many Contemporaries do want to discuss music styles and methodologies with Traditionalists. The main elements of the critics concern involve: worldly instruments (guitars and especially drums), a fleshly beat or unnatural rhythms, simplistic and repetitious music, overly experiential, spiritually narcissistic or self-centered experiences, and a general fear of change (traditions being uprooted). One scholar offers a transitional observation: There has been a shift toward a more informal, experience-centered style of religion. Celebration is replacing meditation, praise choruses are supplanting hymns, worship teams have succeeded robed choirs, organs are sitting unused in favor of guitars, hymns are replaced by words projected on a screen, casual attire is worn instead of Sunday-go-to-meeting clothes. This youth-oriented trend is gaining momentum.1 My critique of this critic. For those churches adopting a contemporary worship service, there is a trend to be more informal. In my traditional church past, I wore a threepiece suit with a silk hanky every week. One particular week I preached a sermon on judging and wore blue jeans and a plaid hunting shirt. One of my Elders commented not on the content of the sermon but on my apparel by saying: That is an interesting outfit to wear for one week. I hope you dont get too comfortable in it! While I was pastoral in my response to him, what I really wanted to say was: Hey Bucko!I enjoy dressing up and also being casual. But, I dont enjoy your hard-nosed legalism. Why is a change in worship procedures or form considered experience-centered by some versus just a different way of approaching worship while still being spiritually-based? An effective contemporary worship service is Christ-centered along with the expression of emotions. Does worship have to be a formal, head-knowledge-only, ritualistic time of spiritual non-connection? Mr. Ericksons preceding critique was more of an observation laced with possible fear of change that is, being absorbed by the youth culture. In contrast, the following author offers a reactionary invective: The bottom line is this: Modern worship music is man-centered instead of God-centered, contains a theology of experience rather than a theology of the Cross, is based on moralism instead of Christ, desires sentimentalism and pragmatism instead of the Gospel, and seeks for emotionalism rather than truth.
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The state of modern worship music is neither glorifying to God, nor is it truly worship. It has been designed to offer a more convenient opportunity for worship.2 My critique of this critic: Contemporary Christian Worship Music is a blend of being God-centered (we glorify the Lord) and man-centered (He blesses us and loves us back) which is, as previously discussed, quite biblical; CCWM does sing about the Cross and how His finished work affects us (which can become experiential-Christs death moves us); CCWM is based on the love of Christ and obeying Him (not just moralistic platitudes); CCWM can be emotional because participants actively get involved with the Truth and experience spiritual intimacy (our emotions should not be divorced from true worship); and CCWM can be sentimental and pragmatic while being based upon the Good News. In reality, I do not understand the broad-stroke intensity of this mans critique. Im wondering how much Contemporary Christian Worship Music he has really heard. Anybody can pick a handful of songs and make a case for their cause. Or, I found this article from a newspaper where a theologian adds his experiential slant: A lot of this worship is interfacing with narcissism, said Robert E. Webber, a professor of ministry at Northern Baptist Theological Seminary in Lombard, Illinois. The dominant word in these songs is I, he said. Its I enthrone you, I love you. The focus in not on God but how I experience God. We congratulate God for being God. Theologically, that says I, a creature of God, have something to contribute to Gods well-being.3 My critique of this critic. Fortunately or unfortunately, I graduated from NBTS with a M. Div. Degree in 1977. The professors statement is an embarrassment to me. This seminary is supposed to be on the cutting edge of theological progressiveness and open to new things and yet this professor basically trashes most of the contemporary Christian music scene. My critique of the foregoing statement will probably sound unprofessional to some of you but I just want to say to this professor: Lighten up! Id love to see this professor and Jack Hayford dialogue over the theology of worship as contributing to Gods well-being. Does God delight in our praises? Again, a casual reading of the Psalms should convince any unbiased person that the Psalmists worshiped God and came before Him with I messages much of the time: I cried unto Thee, My heart yearns for Thee, Be gracious to me, O Lord, I have taken refuge in Thee. I mean, really, underline all the I, me, my, mine statements in the Psalms too many to count and yet, the Psalmists placed their faith in God and magnified Him. There was spiritual interaction with the Creator and the creature. There can be a beautiful blend and balance. But, another well-known critic goes for the throat in his demonization of two great Christian music publishers: While Integrity Hosanna! Music expends considerable energy on a victorious, combative Christianity, Vineyard Music focuses more on how we feel, leaving us with an image of Jesus as the great psychotherapist waving a magic wand. It is the perfect theology for the age of victimization. Both models,

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God as spiritual gang leader and God as psychological prosthesis, are appealing and they are marketable. Unfortunately (this kind of) gospel is offensive. It is a stumbling block.4 My critique of this critic: Wow!what an analysis! These two companies, that have produced the bulk of contemporary Christian music in the last three decades, supposedly see the Lord as Jesus the Warmonger or Jesus the Psychotherapist. They see God as the Spiritual Gang Leader and God the Psychological Prosthesis. Good grief! Again, this writer is guilty of gross overgeneralization. Sometimes I see these critics as being caught in a vortex of analysis paralysis. He must have spent a lot of time analyzing all the words of these songs that could be interpreted as combative or counselor-oriented. I mean, that critic really got into the spirit of worship and sought the Lord through the vehicle of this music (please excuse my sarcasm). The Old Testament, on a variety of occasions, portrays God as Warrior and Protector. The New Testament, on a number of occasions, portrays Jesus as a Friend who talks about the Comforter (the Holy Spirit). Finally, I disagree with his assessment that this kind of music is offensive and a stumbling block. I ask: To whom? Ahthat is the question. But, one of the central themes of the critics is a rejection of the whole Contemporary Christian Music Movement because of the dreaded beat that is, any music that affects the body. One female critic of the CCMM says: If the music causes your body to move in a way that could be construed as sensual or suggestive or, to be more precise, causes you to want to thrust out your head, shoulders, or hips or even tap your toes in time to an additional, identifiable beat, it is appealing to the flesh.5 My critique of this critic. This authors book has one main theme: that is, proving that any beat is fleshly, worldly, and even demonic. She is not alone in her aversion toward unnatural rhythms and carnal syncopation especially if its supposed to be Christian music. (See my chapter on Raucous Rock and Roll.) Not all CCM has an unnatural or driving beat; although, a good portion of these songs do have a soft rock beat. This is where the Temple Pattern of musical worship should be enthusiastically adopted by these kinds of churches. There comes a point, as you are moving into the Holy of holies, that any percussion should fade if not stop altogether. I understand this concern of having even a soft rock beat during certain moments of worship. And yet, another author, John Frame, defending CCM says: Contemporary Worship Music is not always soft rock.6 Unfortunately, many CCM critics usually throw the baby out with the bathwater. They seem to lump this genre of music as deleterious to ones spiritual health and reject it all or, until some of the songs make their way into hymnbooks. (Lets hear it for contemporary hymnbooks!) Or, whats frustrating is that some of the critics have said that a portion CCM music (lyrics and melody) is okay as long as there are no drums or guitar. (Sigh!) Sometimes I wonder how the Church has lasted for two thousand years!

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Another CCM critic, that has created a lot of controversy, wrote a book entitled Why I Left the Contemporary Christian Music Movement: Confessions of a Former Worship Leader. His writing has produced quite a stir among many Christians divisiveness if you will. Therefore, since my book deals with worship music both traditional and contemporary I need to jump into this fray. In fact, the rest of this chapter will engage with and confront a variety of statements from this particular author, Dan Lucarini. Many ideas he presents in his book are challenging although mostly critical concerning contemporary music within our churches today. Dans testimony will cause the average Christian to reflect on how music can affect us both negatively and positively. Some of his points and insights I could even endorse if his overall definition of contemporary Christian music were accurate. Instead, I found his definition of the Contemporary Christian Music Movement (CCMM) to be typically over-generalized. After he sets his own definition parameters, frames the issues and pushes his preconceived agenda, he tears down a the greater portion of contemporary Christian music and basically demonizes the whole movement. My main critique of this critic is the fact that Dan frames the CCMMs style as mostly worldly Rock n Roll. In this respect, he has done a tremendous disservice to hundreds of song writers who have a heart for God and great love for Jesus Christ. And, by the way, most of this music can be played without drums or guitar that is, they are adaptable to a piano and/or organ. Of course, the style or tempo of music is very important for the Temple Pattern of worship. My primary rebuttal is that not all contemporary Christian music is fleshly or ego-centered or demonic or given to Rock n Roll excesses as he sees it. Like Ive said, you can have Outer Court music that appeals to celebration, high energy, and influences the physical dimension because of the tempo (or, heaven forbid, syncopation or, an unnatural BEAT). After the ascension of celebration, worship must progress to the Inner Court (becoming slower and reflective with expectant music) and eventually the Holy of Holies (quiet, intimate, adoration music). My vision for worship music would apply to either a traditional or contemporary church. Unlike Dan Lucarinis book, that wishes to eradicate all vestiges of the CCMM, I believe both styles of music and churches can benefit from the Temple Pattern of worship. He gives his testimony as to once being in a Rock and Roll group. I, like Dan, was also in a Rock group in the late 60s. While some of his concerns with music style may be valid, his overall rejection of the Contemporary Christian Music Movement is extreme. My prayer is that God would use Dans repentance from the evils of the CCMM by incorporating the Temple Pattern of worship music within his reclaimed traditional church music scene. In his book, he continues to repeat the theme of getting back to true worship. Without an Inner Court and Holy of Holies opportunity within his structured church service, I am unclear how his congregation will be free to enter into a deep worship. Perhaps he will write another book instructing Traditionals how to do this.

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From this point on, please forgive me if it appears that I am picking on this repentant contemporary worship leader and author, but his book has caused quite a stir (really, a polarization) within numerous churches of our land. I dont doubt the sincerity of this mans convictions and his personal decisions. But, his generalized accusations and seeming contradictions about the spiritual quality of church music and worship concern me. His ideas and feelings reflect similar philosophies that I have read from a number of other critics. So, when I comment on his work, I am basically responding to other critics who have voiced similar issues. I became a Christian as a pre-teen in a strict, fundamentalist Baptist church. I find it interesting that one of Mr. Lucarinis biggest supporters comes from the Fundamental Baptist Information Services Way of Life Literature. They would say a hearty amen to never having a guitar or the demon-driven drums in their worship services. They highly promote his book as I offer a partial excerpt: After a long experience of defending the Contemporary Christian Music philosophy, the author was brought to repentance by the Lord for his worldliness and compromise and began to find his way back to a traditional position, to come full circle, in fact, back to the type of church that he first joined after he was savedThe author gives some practical tips about how to keep CCM out of the church.7 Repenting from a style of Christian musicinteresting! Tips for keeping contemporary Christian music out of the churchintriguing! The quotes that are presented from Lucarinis book are in context. That is, I am not reading into nor distorting what he is trying to say. In fact, he repeats his themes! His book is a radical in-your-face exposition of his personal understanding of contemporary music. In fact, the one area where he really offends me is when he likens the newer music of our churches to divisive, deceptive, and demonic influences. Of course, if you define the whole CCMM as entirely Rock n Roll music, then I might even agree. But lets get real - there have been hundreds of scripturally-based and spiritually moving songs that have been written during the last thirty years that are not Rock and Roll or demonic in origin. But for Dan, he perceives the birth of the CCMM in this way: In the 1990s, this movement blew into our church services accompanied by powerful forces8 Just what are these powerful forces that he is talking about? Drums? A driving beat? Loud guitars? Platform bands? Charismatic leaders? All of the above? I think he is using this phrase as a synonym for the works of the devil. Sometimes his phraseology is subtle and yet we know what his beliefs are shouting out as he begins to embellish his beliefs and ideas: Others had their souls weighed down by the immorality, deception and divisiveness that accompanied the CCM storm.9

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Okay now. Lets break these concepts down. What is the origin of this storm that weighed down all these deceived Christians? Lets seeweighed down is a phrase for oppressive sin and storm can be equated to destructive forces. Lets not mince words! He believes this new-fangled music comes from the Pit! On top of his proposed demonic origins, Lucarini gives three nasty accusations that he attaches to this newer church music phenomenon immorality, deception and divisiveness. And, according to the Bible, other than our sinful flesh and depravity, who is the author of immorality, deception and divisiveness? The author shares his personal interpretation: When we brought rock music (and all its musical cousins) into the church service, we invited along with it a spirit of immorality with which that music is unavoidably associated.10 To be a part of the Contemporary Christian Music Movement, is to invite a spirit of immorality into your church service, according to Lucarini. You see, definition and context is everything! Again, this author has framed the topic according to his erroneous definition of Contemporary Christian Music. According to him, the new musical revival movement is based solely on Rock Music and therefore it is worldly, carnal and demonic. Again, I will be the first to admit that some songs may have a Rock genre background. Some of the performers or Christian bands may emulate secular groups. ButBUT!most of the lyrics of this style of music are composed of words right out of the Bible especially the Psalms. Has anyone who is a part of a contemporary church service felt immoral as they were singing As the Deer Pants? Were all these Biblebelieving Christians deceived when they sang Majesty? Was the Body of Christ introduced to divisiveness when we sang Great Are You Lord? Did anybody receive a spirit of immorality as they sang, Holy Lord or You Are Worthy? Where is the discernment here? Mr. Lucarini is talking about a specific genre of music meant for the Outer Court segment alone. Of course, if a contemporary church service has only loud, high decibel, driving, pulsating music for the entirety or a good portion of the service, then something is wrong. And the wrongness may not be in the style of the music per se, but the one leading the music service. The Worship Leader needs to be trained in the Temple Pattern of worship. The Senior Minister needs to clearly define his objective for the musical time. Again, my theology of the church is that the gathering of believers needs to fellowship, be taught and equipped, and have an outlet for corporate worship. The church gathered is not primarily for evangelism; the church scattered is our time to evangelize the world. Like Dan, I have some concerns about seeker-sensitive churches that have music that basically, or only, appeals to an unbeliever. This misses the heart of true worship and the nature of the church. In fact, Ive seen unbelievers come to know Christ in a personal way because of the musical worship service and the message the songs have proclaimed. Again, Dan seems to be defining the CCMM as only Rock music or an extreme Outer Court style of music that can be worldly, fleshly, and even demonic.

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When he had his revelation about the evils of the CCMM, it was when he was leading the church with this style of music and from his testimony, one particular style (Rock) of music. How could this meltdown have been avoided? As the Senior Pastor, I would have rebuked him in his limited selection and style of music presented and I would have instructed and trained him concerning a worship progression. If he wasnt teachable or wouldnt adapt a well-balanced style of music presentation, I would have fired him. So, I place a good portion of the blame on the pastor over him for not defining a corporate vision of scriptural or acceptable worship. And, I am saddened that this man of music has had such a knee-jerk reaction and total rejection of what can be, and has been, beneficial to the Body of Christ. I believe much, if not most, of the music produced by the CCMM (Integrity Hosanna! Music, Mercy/Vineyard music, Maranatha! Music, etc.) is scriptural and has a heart for God. Current or recently written worship music draws people who desperately want to seek after Him and desire to get close to Jesus. People dont want church as usualthey dont want to just sit in a pew like a mindless robotthey want to personally, and corporately, connect with the Almighty God. Is this flippant or casual or vulgar? No!...it is the heart of a spiritual child who loves their Heavenly Father (Abba) and wants to intimately fellowship with Him. I am concerned for Mr. Lucarini as he assigns music, that I believe is inspired by God, to the world, the devil, and to the fleshliness of man. He gets bold in his multiple assertions: But I believe that the use of CCM in praise and worship is a man-made phenomenon and should be exposed as such because it lacks strong biblical foundation and ignores Gods instructions for acceptable worship.11 This statement really galls me. He sets himself up as the judge, jury and executioner of CCM by ascribing to himself special insight into acceptable worship. I have a personal exhortation for this writer: Dan, as you go back to your traditional church setting, tell all of us (in another book) at what point in your ritualized, pre-ordered, formal service do you really approach the heart of God. This insight would be of great interest to those who hunger after God in a corporate setting but usually leave the church feeling spiritually dry. The author would undoubtedly blame these feelings on attitude dysfunction as he says: Using (CCM) for worship has produced wrong attitudes and encouraged carnal lifestylesI also believe the real motive isa need to satisfy our own desires for our favorite music.12 Who has a wrong attitude as they sing No Higher Calling? How many of us have developed carnal lifestyles as we sing Down at Your Feet, Oh Lord or We Are Standing on Holy Ground? How many Christians have wanted to satisfy their own desires as they sing Glory to the Lamb? Now, here is my own personal prejudice: I was a preacher in a traditional setting for over twenty years and Ive attended a variety of those churches for another ten years, and I will not go back to a disjointed pre-order of service that is seen as a necessary evil before the big event the sermon! It appears that

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Dans former contemporary Christian music overshadowed any preaching of the Word that came from the pulpit of his church. With a strong degree of disdain, he says: To create a non-judgmental atmospherea God accepts us as we are philosophy, with which CCM seems to go hand in handthis teaching produced a church that attracted people who wanted God in their lives but did not want to change their lifestyles.13 To say his last phrase is a generalization is an understatement! Is it the music that produces this unwillingness to change or repent? Or, is it perhaps the preaching, or lack of it, that comes from the pulpit that produces this? Or, is it maybe the world system that has crowded into the hearts of believers? With Dans last statement in mind, he better drop the age-old hymn Just As I Am because that would affirm the belief that God wants us to come to Him just as we are. So, lets get biblical here. Are we supposed to clean ourselves up in our own power and strength brush ourselves off a little and present ourselves in our man-made good works to God? But, wait a minute, a good fundamentalist Baptist or independent Bible denomination probably wouldnt sing that hymn anyway. Why? Ive heard it preached that Billy Graham used this Invitation Hymn during all his crusades and, unfortunately, he is accused of being a neo-evangelical and an ecumenical compromiser by the fighting fundies. Guilt by association. (Sigh!) Mr. Lucarini gave his readers a three-point summary on why he left the CCM scene. In his second point, he subjectively reflects on his biblical understanding of worship by saying: When I saw what the Bible teaches about true worship and what it really means to be in the presence of God, I became sickened at the way my generation so glibly used profane and vulgar music accompanied by vulgar dress to offer up worship and praise to a holy God!14 Again, if there was vulgar dress in his church, then lets question the Senior Ministers leadership and sermon content, not necessarily the music. Of course, any person can find some contemporary Christian music that may be simplistic in content but profane or vulgar is an exception and definitely not the rule. Again, with a wide brush stroke, this author categorizes the entire CCM movement and bashes over thirtyfive years of sound, Christian music. Is it profane when contemporary churches sing This is Holy Ground? Is it vulgar when CCM churches sing To Him Who Sits on the Throne? Again, my desire is that Mr. Lucarini will truly offer up worship and praise to a Holy God in his traditional church setting. I am wondering if his worship has, or will have, an Inner Court or even Holy of Holies moment. He says: Worship is not looking up and feeling good, it is bowing down and feeling lowlyWhen we try to feel an experience of affirmation from worship, we are not worshipping God.15

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Are some Traditionals (Lucarinis term) perpetually stuck in worm theology? You know the script: I am a dirty, lowly, scum bucket, sinner in the hands of an angry God! Its a lifestyle of always begging for forgivenessnever walking in freedom and liberty. Am I to feel like a continual worm as a regenerated child of God? Am I not forgiven? Do I not have access into the throne room of God? This is definitely a theological issue and one that needs a well-balanced interpretation. On the other hand, some Contemporaries are stuck in Hyper-Faith theology. You also may know this script: I am the Kings kid and I can name-it-and-claim-it because my Heavenly Daddy wants to bless me big time! This is a lifestyle of always blabbing and grabbing becoming self-centered and overly flippant with the Almighty God. I understand both of these extremes. There needs to be a biblical balance! Granted, when you approach the holiness of God as a believer, you will sense His Presence, power and perfection and be struck with your finiteness and feel lowly. But Dans kind of theology seems to be lacking the grace of the New Covenant. Hebrews tells us that we may approach the throne of grace with boldness. Why?because we are clothed with the righteousness of Jesus Christ and we are spiritual sons and daughters. We have the privilege to cry out Abba, Father. I must repeat an example at this point: When a child sits safe and secure in the lap of his or her loving Daddy, tell me they dont experience affirmation and love. Give me a break, Dan! When you are in the Presence of the Lord, or, when you cry out Abba!, you dont have to try to feel an experience it just is. When I am loved or when I am being loved, I know itI feel itI experience it! It is what it is. Now, hold onI am not saying that we should approach worship with the sole desire of feeling a feeling. God is worthy of all our praise, adoration and worship whether we feel something or dont feel anything. But again, I say, when you progress into that holy momentwhen you enter the Holy of Holies and sense His presence because youve poured out your love to Him and He is reciprocating His love toward you you will feel it. If a person does not, then maybe they do not fully understand love and how to receive itor truly give it. That is a possibility. While some churches put too much emphasis on feelings and libertinism, other churches put too much emphasis on form and legalism. The Temple Pattern of musical worship would bring balance to these two extremes. Let me reframe this whole topic that Dan has found harmful and disgusting. The kind of Contemporary Christian Music that I like does not have to have a pounding, driving Rock-and-Roll beat. The music decibel-level does not have to be louder than the singers. Your ear drums do not have to bleed! (Nor should they.) The songs I like are not overly simplistic or soft on doctrine. On the other hand, like I said earlier, simple tunes and melodies do not make a song un-worshipful or wrong. Again, do the angels around the throne of God sing a complex, multi-compounded song? I believe the Bible tells us they sing: Holy, Holy, Holy is the Lord God Almighty. Now, wait a minute, what the angels sing almost sounds like some of the contemporary songs that have come out of the CCM during the last three decades! (Forgive the sarcasmagain!)

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Finally, I do agree with Dan Lucarini on one main issue and that is the topic of modesty. The music must not influence the flesh in such a way that there is blatant bumping and grinding. I remember going to a CCM concert where a very famous group was performing in a large Pentecostal church. The young lady leading the group cried out prophetically: God is speaking to my heart and telling me that some of you men are eaten up with lust! After she prayed for these lustful hearts, she began a hard-driving song where she began to bump and grind like a stripper. I first started laughing at what was just said and what was presently happening and then, I got up and left the concert. Im hoping that this display is not normative. For me, most Worship Teams Ive seen display modesty and discernment during the jubilation stage. While Outer Music is physical and filled with celebration, it should not produce a carnal dancing display. (The Senior Pastor or Worship Leader can correct this through exhortation or loving rebuke!) Nor should the platform singers (especially the women) be so hip, mod, jazzy, foxy, cool, hot, rocking, or whatever word is used for seductively worldly, that it causes men to stumble because of their clothing (or lack of it). The Bible does speak of modesty and not causing a brother to stumble. Lucarini says it succinctly: When you combine the sensual dancing with the immodest dress of the women on the platform (in the praise teams), you place a very large stumbling block in front of the men of the congregation.16 My repeating theme for this concern is that the Worship Leader or the Worship Pastor or the Music Director or the Praise Team Leader is responsible for overseeing this important time of worship. There must be obvious guidelines. To be on a platform representing the Lord is a serious thing and every person should be accountable to God and to the one in authority. But, to label the whole CCMM with an indicting broad stroke, by saying its all carnal or fleshly or worldly, is a sin. (Sin literally means to miss the mark.) Dan Lucarini needs to heed his own warning. He is concerned that, Contemporaries decide that people are also expendable. (p. 76. Ibid.) But, on the other hand, he needs to understand that many Traditionals see contemporaries as expendable as well. In fact, to him, a whole movement and generation of people is expendable! In his book, he actually lays out a detailed method of how to keep CCM out of your church. What is in the heart of this author? It would appear that Dan is very concerned that the CCMM has caused a division in the Body of Christ. He is disheartened that the Contemporaries have waged a Musical Crusade against the Traditionals and there has been a beheading of sacred music. While he wants to reverse the effects of this movement and prevent further division, he may be causing a greater tearing and ripping from within the Body of Christ. There are a variety of written reviews and chat boards (on the Internet) about his book and ideas. Personally, I am saddened when I read them. Instead of working with both sides to bring them to the feet of Jesus in a worship experience, he excoriates one side.

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So, I end my critique of this particular critic as I began that is, I pray for Dan and his new adventure of rediscovering traditionalism. Any believer can accept traditional music as long as there are moments to seek after Jesus and worship Him with your whole heart. The Temple Pattern can help create this environment by seriously seeking after the heart of God. Anything less than this is not acceptable, musical worship. Dan Lucarinis book is not the only one on the market that is overly critical and rejects the CCMM. There are others I have encountered, such as: The Christian and Rock Music: A Study of Biblical Principles of Music by Samuele Bacchiocchi; Oh, Be Careful Little Ears by Kimberly Smith; and Snakes in the Lobby by Scott MacLeod. As a balance, Id also encourage you to find other books that respond to these kinds of accusations in depth. As a balance to Why I Left the Contemporary Christian Music Movement: Confessions of a Former Worship Leader by Dan Lucarini and other critical books on the whole CCM movement like this, I strongly suggest the book by John M. Frame entitled Contemporary Worship Music: A Biblical Defense. Professor Frame goes into great detail to defuse various subjective judgments against the CCMM and gives well-balanced, biblical advice and historical insight. Finally, I truly believe that this drum-phobia among some would be assuaged if there was a well-balanced Temple Pattern of musical worship during a church service. The beat should be kept in the Outer Court and some Inner Court. But, having said all of this, I understand the fear of these critics.

Unless the Lord builds the house, they labor in vain who build it. (Psalm 127:1a)

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Raucous Rock and Roll Reflections

There is a moral component of music that is totally separate and independent of any lyrics. (Greg MacKay)

After having been critical of the critics, I must add this chapter for a balance. Because deep down in my heart of hearts, I somewhat agree with the critics about possible negative effects resulting from some forms of music. For me, there are certain styles of music that can have a harmful effect on my body, soul and spiritwhich, in the final analysis, may have the same effect on any person. Even though discussing the effects of music styles (or genre) can be quite relative and subjective, various studies have been done. Music does influence us physically, mentally, emotionally and spiritually. According to researchers, music can be observed to have an effect on all living organisms. We need to ask ourselves some tough questions as believers. In fact, we should seriously consider the following questions proposed by the following proponents of Contemporary Christian Rock: Is contemporary Christian music (CCM) a ravenous wolf in disguise, or is it pleasing to God? Is the description Christian rock a contradiction in terms or is it a legitimate, edifying art form? Are Christian rock artists just deluded and deluding as their mainstream counterparts, or do they perform a vital ministry in which the Lord takes great pleasure?1 Another well-known composer and contemporary singer says that the CCM movement has let in a lot of wolves in sheeps clothing. This musician, Charlie Peacock, has written an expose entitled At the Crossroads: An Insiders Look at The Past, Present, and Future of Contemporary Christian Music and he concludes that some Christian rock music is a contradiction in terms. Can a Christian Rock Concert truly produce holiness and intimacy with God? My concern is with the pure, raw power of music in and of itself! Whether it is classical music or certain types of rock or rap or even country music, these styles can affect different aspects of our being body, soul and spirit either negatively or positively. Not only have I read the concerns of traditional critics, but researchers as well, who give evidence that there are countless people being negatively affected by music harmful music. They believe some styles of Christian music can appeal to the fleshly and worldly side of life (spiritually destructive) as well as an ever-present medium that can create a negative and harmful environment (physically and emotionally destructive). I was in a Rock and Roll band in the late sixties. In college, I minored in music and taught myself how to play Gospel music (my favorite was Southern Gospel and Black
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Gospel). Whether secular or sacred music, I understood the dynamics of the different styles of music and how it affected people (babies, children, teenagers, and adults) physically and emotionally. Ive read a number of studies where neurochemists have done research that suggests that music causes certain chemicals to be released in our brains. Music can create a sedating/calming effect or an agitating/hyper and manic effect. When you think about it, music is really a natural drug. Even secular materials understand the power of music to influence our entire being: Music has a potent impact on the mind, body and spirit, and it can be used to effect healthful changes. More and more doctors are using music as part of their treatments to help patients stay healthy and recover more quickly from illness. For example: Heart patients derived the same benefits from listening to 30 minutes of classical music as they did from taking 10 mg. of the anti-anxiety medication Valiumat a Baltimore hospital. Migraine sufferers were trained to use music and relaxations techniques to reduce the frequency, intensity and duration of their headachesin a California State University study. Students who listened to 10 minutes of Mozart prior to taking SATs had higher scores than students who werent exposed to musicat the University of California. People who listened to light classical music for 90 minutes while editing a manuscript increased accuracy by 21%in a University of Washington study.2 But, it goes deeper than a mere chemical reactions and physical alterations there is something spiritual that transacts when we are confronted with music. Again, spirituality does not have to be divine or holy in origin. Satan operates in the spiritual realm as well. Music can build us up spiritually or tear us down in the arena of the soul by appealing to the flesh or carnal side of our life. One well-known musician, John Michael Talbot, affirms the two spiritual facets of music: Music has incredible power. Wrongly used, it can stir our darkest inner impulses lust and anger and despair. But Christian music, music that truly speaks about the Lord and to the Lord, draws upon that great power to stir our hearts in their longing for God.3 Have you ever heard the expression: Songs that sooth the savage beast? If there are kinds of songs that are soothing, are there other forms of music that stimulate? I think you already know the answer to this last question.

Spiritual Dynamics
Many of us know about David playing his harp in the presence of King Saul in the Old Testament.
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Theres an indication that Saul was controlled by demons and the anointed music of David caused the demons to cease their activity and, in fact, he became refreshed and well. One author affirms this biblical occurrence: In the Old Testament, we read about the power and therapeutic value of beautiful music. Saul, an ancient king, was troubled by an evil spirit. He was advised as follows: seek out a man, who is a wise player on a harp: and it shall come to passthat he shall play with his hand and thou shalt we well. (I Sam. 16:16)David took a harp, and played with his hand: and Saul was refreshed, and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him as we read in I Samuel 16:23.4 My wife and I have had some experience with deliverance ministry. We can attest to the fact that demons do not like praise music and words that talk about the blood of Jesus Christ and the victory we have in Him. The bottom line: Music that glorifies Jesus Christ brings torment to the forces of darkness. Jack Hayford rightly elaborates: Just as music in the physical realm may strike a wavelength that shatters glass, so songful worship in the spiritual realm can shake Satans dominion, topple principalities of hell and extend the Kingdom of God through Jesus Christ!5 And the hopeful corollary to this should be: Music that glorifies the devil should bring discomfort to the company of believers. Unfortunately, this is not always the case for a variety of reasons. Those reasons include: the flesh, the world and the devil! We need to ask ourselves some pointed questions: Are we sensitive enough to the Holy Spirit that we can discern when music is spiritually negative? Various Christian leaders are saying that spiritual discernment is grossly lacking. Religious rock in worship is dangerous. The church service becomes a make-believe fantasy-world used to satisfy the less noble traits of the adamic natureNo matter how one might try, or what one believes, musical immaturity does not produce holistic Christian maturity.6 If we, as growing Christians, do discern that certain music is not spiritually edifying or maybe even demonic, do we have the faith and conviction to resist it? Or, are we used to the world-system? Doesnt Sodom and Gomorrah seem repulsive to us anymore? Is it possible that movies, television, radio, CDs and DVDs have inculcated us with the carnal rhythm of the world? Has the Rock and Roll generation compromised Christian music? One charismatic musician, Scott MacLeod, wrote the book entitled Snakes in the Lobby and he affirms these preceding questions. He believes there has been radical compromise in the Body of Christ. The snake, according to MacLeod, represents the powerful evil spirits that plague and control much of the Christian music industry and much of Christendom. The Snake Keepers are the people who have been in power and have, knowingly or unknowingly, let the ways of the world enter into Christian music.

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Another author, Kimberly Smith, feels so strongly about the infiltration of the beat in Christian music, that she makes a very radical statement about the younger generation: Satan has used contemporary Christian music to lead astray many young people who were once fully committed to the LordWhere other devices have failed, Satans craftiness in deceiving us through contemporary Christian music has infiltrated the Church to the point that we now wholeheartedly embrace it.7 In the Temple Pattern of musical worship, every Christian should wholeheartedly embrace any style of music that progresses them into the Presence of our Lord and Savior. Please understand that too many critics concentrate on the form of music and not the intent or motivating essence of the worship. As you are now familiar with, Outer Court music, there may be loud music and even drums and cymbals. Sometimes, Old Testament worship was loud and noisy as well. Therefore, to say that the whole CCM movement is of satanic origin is an arrogant statement and shortsighted. On the other hand, since the word contemporary can encompass hard rock and heavy metal, I prefer many times (like John Frame) to use the phrase Contemporary Christian Worship Music. Again, please understand that if one uses the Temple Pattern of worship, it would be difficult to progress from the Inner Court into the Holy of holies using a driving beat. Hard Rock or Soft Rock is not conducive to Holy of holies worship!

Physical Dynamics
So, whats all the concern over the beat of a song? Lets try to get objective even scientific at this point in time. Is it possible that a loud, hard driving Rock beat affects a persons body more than they know? Can a relentless beat produce a hypnotic effect? One CCM critic in Chapter 5 of his book entitled The Rock Rhythm and a Christian Response has an interesting statement: The underlying assumption is that Christians and secular people are attracted to rock music because of what it offers them in terms of excitement, worldview, value system, and religious experienceboth groups seek to fulfill the inner urge for a pleasurable experience of the supernatural through the relentless beat and hypnotic effects of rock music.8 It is a proven fact that music can affect the body that is, there are physical alterations and heightened senses that take place with certain kinds of Rock music. Thats why there is a grave concern among some Traditionalists or critics of the CCM movement. They truly believe that music with a driving beat will cause physical, emotional and spiritual compromise: According to research scientists Daniel and Bernadette Skubik, the conclusion of their studies is twofold

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First, lyrics are of minor importance. Whether the words are evil, innocuous, or based in Holy Scripture, the overall neurophysioloical effects generated by rock music remain the same. There is simply no such thing as Christian rock that is substantively different in its impactin specific context, we should expect that abilities to receive and deliver the gospel, to pray discursively, and to study Scripture are compromised by rock music.9

Sexual Dynamics
The whole aspect of sensuality and carnality concerns many Christian leaders. There is a fear that a continual, driving beat will lead to worldliness and fleshly behavior. And, in some cases, studies have shown that this fear can be realized. One well-known Christian talk show host and controversial author has this to say: The major issue for consideration from a moral and spiritual standpoint is the extent to which a pulsated or syncopated beat overrides the other musical elements in a song so that the level of communication is primarily sexual and physically arousing.10 Some CCM musicians and bands do perform exactly like the secular bands with all the physical gyrations. As I mentioned earlier, I have been in the presence of Contemporary Christian Bands that were very licentious (or sexually seductive) with their on-stage antics. I doubt that a person can progress into the Holy of holies jutting ones hips and gyrating ones pelvis. There is a definite line that we must draw. There are music forms, whether secular or sacred, which create moods of pensiveness, of idealism, of awareness of beauty, of aspiration, and of holy joyousness. There are other forms of music which create moods of recklessness and sensual excitement. Surely it does not take much judgment to know which forms are most appropriate for religious functions.11 In spite of my critique of various critics, I do understand their concern of loss of judgment when it comes to certain styles of Christian music in the worship service. While there is a time and place for everything under the sun, hard rock or thrash metal or mosh-pitting will not progress you through the musical Temple Pattern. In fact, some music may just keep people outside of the Outer Court. One previously mentioned critic likens CCM worship services to a nightclub and a highly charged sexual atmosphere: We all desire intimacy in our relationship with the LordWe all want to reach a point of heightened praise and emotions that tells us, Yes! God is here! So we use CCM to create this atmosphere (dimmed lights, mood music, right atmosphere)What is wrong with this? It is exactly what the world does to create sexual intimacy.12

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For those of you who are married, havent you ever put on mood music for a night of romance? What instruments or style of music helped to create that romantic mood? Should the same music be used as a Christian crossover? Why or why not?

Emotional Dynamics
There is no doubt that music, either sacred or secular, can move us emotionally. Music can either soothe the savage beast or it can make us hyper and a lot of different shades in between the emotional spectrum. Music can, and does, affect the emotionsIf we can be soothed through music, it only stands to reason that we can be energized as well.13 In addition to this, there is even evidence that certain kinds of instruments can create certain emotions and moods. When you want to relax, what kinds of music do you listen to? What instruments are predominant in this relaxing music? One worship author, Scott Aniol, offers some interesting biblical insights into music moods and modes: Certain musical techniques and styles inherently depict and produce certain emotions. Dynamics in music can portray specific emotions. Even specific timbres of instruments depict particular emotionsExamples of instruments found in Scripture show this very fact. Job says, Therefore my harp is turned to mourning, and my flute to the sound of those who weep. (Job 30:31) Jeremiah described the sound of the wailing of his heart as the sound of flutes. (Jer. 48:36) Isaiah says, Therefore my heart intones like a harp for Moab and my feelings for Kirhareseth (Isa. 16:11), and in later he says that the Israelites will have gladness as when marches to the sound of the flute (Isa. 30:29). Certainly, certain musical styles or instruments can depict specific emotions.14 As a teenager, didnt you listen to specific kinds of music to create certain types of emotions? Or, even as an adult, when you are feeling a certain way, what kind of music enhances those emotions like: anger, rage, sorrow, depression, joy, ecstacy, etc.?

Plant Dynamics
Music is a powerful medium! If music can affect a person in a variety of realms, can certain music also affect plant life? I kind of laughed when I read a statement from a book defending Christian rock. Like most defenders of a cause, these authors, in one sentence (really, one phrase), tried to discredit various studies that have been done on this style of music.

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Some people sighting somewhat sketchy evidence from plant and animal studies, say Satans tool is the beat of rock music.15 Sketchy evidence? Go to the Internet and look up the topic, How Music Affects. and just fill in the blank (plant, animal, emotions, heart rate, etc.). There has been significant research on music that is, its loudness and vibrational affect on living things. For instance, one music researcher, David Tame, shares the following study: A researcher named Dorothy Retallack did some pioneering studies into the effects of different kinds of music on plants. Using strictly controlled conditions, she found some fascinating results using groups of beans, squash, corn, morning glory and coleus plants. These plants were divided up into groups that had the hard music played to them; another group had contemporary avant-garde atonal music played to it; another group was kept in silence and an additional group had peaceful, devotional music played to it. After ten days, Retallack found the following: 1. The group exposed to hard rock music were all leaning away from the speaker and after three weeks these plants were all stunted and dying. 2. The plants exposed to the avant-garde atonal music were leaning 15 degrees away from the speaker but they had medium-sized roots. 3. The plants left in the silence had the longest roots of these three groups and grew the highest. 4. However, the last that had the devotional music played to it produced plants that not only grew two inches taller than the plants left in silence, but they grew toward the speaker!16 In addition to the preceding study, the sam eauthor cites another interesting study: Dr. T. C. Singh, the head of the Department of Botany at Anamalia University in India, also has done plant and music research. He discovered that classical music caused plants to grow twice as fast as plants not exposed to classical music. He also found that certain musical instruments created sound waves that caused the protoplasm of cells to increase its motion. Dr. Singh found that violins produced the most movement of the protoplasm.17 In the created order of things, if plants respond to certain kinds of music in specific ways with measurable outcomes, how much more would human beings respond and react to different kinds of music.

Animal Dynamics
In a like manner, what about our furry little critters that inhabit planet earth? Is animal life affected by different kinds or certain styles of music specifically, an incessant drum beat? Over twenty-five years ago, a magazine shared an interesting study:

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Physicist Dr. Harvey Bird from Fairleigh Dickinson University and neurobiologist Dr. Gervasia Schreckenberg from Georgian Court College in Lakewood, NJ, did a study on the effects of sound and music on laboratory mice. They subjected one group of mice to (1) incessant voodoo drum beats, (2) one group to Strauss waltzes and (3) one group was kept in silence. The experiment used music played at low volume so that volume was not a cause for any behavioral changes observed. The test was to see how well the mice could run through a maze to get to their food and remember the maze over time. The researchers found that: 1. The group that listened to the voodoo music had a very difficult time with the maze that increased over time to the point where they were totally disoriented and unable to complete the maze. 2. The other two groups had no problem learning the maze. 3. But, there was an edge given to the mice listening to the waltz music. What was fascinating to the researchers was that when the mice were given a break from the music for three weeks, the group that had previously listened to the voodoo music still could not remember how to get to their food, while the others found it quickly with no problem, said Schreckenberg. Not only was the evidence compelling that different kinds of music affected mental functioning, but when the mice brains were later dissected at the end of the experiment, it was found that the mice that had been listening to the voodoo drum beat had abnormal structural changes in their brain cells. What we are seeing here is the effects of disharmonious music on mammalian brains. And, insofar as human beings have mammalian brains, we cannot preclude the possibility that disharmony may affect human brains as well, said Dr. Bird.18 In the created order of things, if animals respond to certain kinds of music in specific ways with measurable outcomes, how much more would human beings respond and react to different kinds of music. Hmmmdoes the last sentence create dj vu?

Philosophical Dynamics
So, did I just indict myself after including this particular chapter of the book? If loud music, and especially music with a driving beat, can have negative ramifications, how can I justify using it in a worship service? Some of my Contemporary Christian Music critics will say: Well then, how in the world can you support Rock and Roll in the church masquerading itself as worship music?You, yourself, have attested to the fact that a sustained beat can affect the physical, emotional, behavioral, and spiritual dimensions of a personlet alone plant and animal life!So, how can you defend the Contemporary Christian Music Movement? And, depending on your own mindset and position on this whole topic, you can add your own questions and comments to this chapter.

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Again, I am sensitive to both sides of the beat issue. I understand the excesses of libertinism perpetuated by certain contemporary Christian performers as well as the legalism perpetuated by of some Christian traditionalists. For both sides, it will be very difficult to find a balance. For both sides, finding a balance is tantamount to compromise. And fortunately or unfortunately, we all know that a good Christian does not compromise his or her convictions and beliefs. Thus, every Christian and every church leader will have to come to their own conclusions about drums and a loud beat within the local church setting during worship. But, let me repeat this theme: Not all Contemporary Christian Worship Music is Rock and Roll. In fact, most of this contemporary worship music can be played without drums or even a guitar. On the other hand, some traditional hymns adapt well to a beat (that adds energy) especially if it is in the Outer Court aspect of the Temple Pattern of musical worship. And again, the volume of the music (instruments and singing) during a worship service does not have to be a high decibel, eardrum-shattering event. In fact, loudness will eventually be counterproductive in our Temple worship progression. If you choose as a church not to go contemporary with drums, guitar(s), a Praise Band or a Praise Team, then I humbly ask you to do one thing. Please do not reject all the music/songs/choruses/lyrics of the Contemporary Christian Worship Movement. You will be shortchanging yourself and missing the new songs that the Lord has provided, and is providing, for this generation. Listen to the melodies, study the lyrics, and adapt them to your traditional or liturgical setting. And for you contemporary Christians, please do not forget the hymns of yesteryear as they are powerful and moving pieces of music. Since the Protestant Reformation, hymns have been the musical heritage of the Church. Just apply the Temple Pattern of musical worship during your service, and a variety of styles can be used to achieve our final goal: To glorify the Lord Jesus Christ and to be in His Holy Presence in spiritual, intimate communion. Amen.

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Praise the Lord! Praise God in His sanctuaryPraise Him with timbrel and dancing; Praise Him with stringed instruments and pipe; Praise Him with loud cymbals; Praise Him with resounding cymbals. (Psalm 150:1,4-5)

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Praise and Worship Examples in Revelation

The reward of worship is Gods enthroned presence.(Jack Hayford)

Who are the beings that praise and worship the Lord through words, shouts and singing? What is the content or the words that compose their praise? How does the content of their worship coincide with the way we worship in a church service? Since these scenes take place in the Presence of the Lord, consider this type of worship as the final destination of the Holy of holies progression. Carefully consider the following verses in light of our present day praise and worship. (Note: These Bible verses are quoted from the New International Version.) Each of the four living creaturesDay and night they never stop saying: Holy, holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty, who was, and is and is to come. (Rev. 4:8) Whenever the living creatures give glory, honor and thanks to Him who sits on the throne and who lives for ever and ever, the twenty-four elders fall down before Him who sits on the throne, and worship Him who lives for ever and ever. They lay their crowns before the throne and say: You are worthy, our Lord and God, to receive glory and honor and power, for You created all things, and by Your will they were created and have their being. (Rev. 4:9-11) The four living creatures and the twenty-four elders fell down before the Lamb. Each one had a harp and they were holding golden bowls full of incense which are the prayers of the saints. And they sang a new song: You are worthy to take the scroll and to open its seals, because You were slain, and with your blood you purchased men for God from every tribe and language and a people and nation. You have made them to be a kingdom and priests to serve our God, and they will reign on the earth. (Rev. 5:8-10) Then I looked and heard the voice of many angels, numbering thousands upon thousands, and ten thousand times ten thousand. They encircled the throne and the living creatures and the elders. In a loud voice they sang: Worthy is the Lamb, who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom and strength and honor and glory and praise! (Rev. 5:11-12) Then I heard every creature in heaven and on earth and under the earth and on the sea, and all that is in them, singing: To Him who sits on the throne and to the Lamb be praise and honor and glory and power, for ever and ever! The

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four living creatures said, Amen, and the elders fell down and worshipped. (Rev. 5:13-14) There was before me a great multitude that no one could count, from every nation, tribe, people and language, standing before the throne and in front of the Lamb. They were wearing white robes and were holding palm branches in their hands. And they cried out in a loud voice: Salvation belongs to our God, who sits on the throne, and to the Lamb. (Rev. 7:9-10) All the angels were standing around the throne and around the elders and the four living creatures. They fell down on their faces before the throne and worshiped God, saying: Amen! Praise and glory and wisdom and thanks and honor and power and strength be to our God for ever and ever. Amen! (Rev. 7:11-12) The seventh angel sounded his trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven, which said: The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ, and He will reign for ever and ever. (Rev. 11:15) And the twenty-four elders, who were seated on their thrones before God, fell on their face and worshiped God, saying: We give thanks to You, Lord God Almighty, the One who is and who was, because You have taken Your great power and have begun to reign. (Rev. 11:16-17) Those (believers) who had been victorious over the beastheld harps given them by God and sang the song of Moses the servant of God and the song of the Lamb: Great and marvelous are Your deeds, Lord God Almighty. Just and true are Your ways, King of the ages. Who will not fear You, O Lord, and bring glory to Your name? For You alone are holy. All nations will come and worship before You, for Your righteous acts have been revealed. (Rev. 15:2-4) After this I heard what sounded like the roar of a great multitude in heaven shouting: Hallelujah! Salvation and glory and power belong to our God, for true and just are His judgments. (Rev. 19:1-2) The twenty-four elders and the four living creatures fell down and worshiped God, who was seated on the throne. And they cried: Amen, Hallelujah! (Rev. 19:4) Then I heard what sounded like a great multitude, like the roar of rushing waters and like loud peals of thunder, shouting: Hallelujah! For our Lord God Almighty reigns. Let us rejoice and be glad and give Him glory! For the wedding of the Lamb has come, and His bride has made herself ready. Fine linen, bright and clean, was given her to wear. Fine linen stands for the righteous acts of the saints. (Rev. 19:6-8)

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The Spirit and the bride say: Come! And let him who hears say, Come! Whoever is thirsty, let him come, and whoever wishes, let him take the free gift of the water of life. (Rev. 22:17)

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Epilogue
Having had a spiritual awakening as a result of these steps, we tried to carry this message to other worshippers, and to practice these principles in all our doings. (Step Twelve adapted from the Twelve Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous)

My heart has been blessed with a wide variety of recently written contemporary praise and worship music. My soul has been moved by a number of traditional hymns as well. Its not difficult to be stirred when a variety of songs truly praise and lift up the name of the Lord Jesus Christ! While I wish there was not division within the Body of Christ over music styles, I know this will be an ongoing battle. The purpose of this book has been to confront both styles of church music and help them adapt to a particular musical progression that Ive called the Temple Pattern. No matter what kind of church you are, this pattern can work for youif you are willing to apply it. Leaders of a church must take the music they are comfortable with and progress through the different stages of worship in order to find the heart of God. I believe entering into His Presence on an intimate level can be accomplished by going musically through the Outer Court, the Inner Court, and the Holy of Holies. Again, this is not another ritual or methodical manipulation it is an invitation. We have been invited by the Lord to draw near to Him in intimate communion as we praise and worship Him. If a church is going to grow spiritually and actually encounter the Presence and the Power of God, then there is going to have to be a concerted effort to seek hard after Him. And once that is accomplished and the congregation is sensing His Presence, then they are to be left there for a time to enjoy the refreshing power of His precious Spirit. The bottom line: The right music presented in the right way at the right time by the right person will produce righteous results! May the Lord grant His Church a spiritual revival as we humbly and earnestly seek His face. Are you hungry for His Presence? I will leave you with one more quote from Eugene Peterson to enjoy.and ponder. Worship does not satisfy our hunger for God it whets our appetite.1

You greatly rejoice with joy inexpressible and full of glory. (I Peter 1:8c)
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Bibliography

Scott M. Aniol. Prime Rib and Bubble Gum: A Call to Reform Modern Worship Music. (KaraMinistries.com) Samuele Bacchiocchi. The Christian and Rock Music. (Biblical Perspectives: Berrien Springs, MI. 2000.) Paul Basden. The Worship Maze: Finding a Style to Fit Your Church. (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press. 1999.) John Blanchard. Pop Goes the Gospel: Rock in the Church. (Durham, England. 1991.) LaMar Boschman. Worship Trends. LaMar Boschman Ministries. (Website: http://music.olivet.edu) Garth Bolinder, Tom McKee & John Cionca. Music, Youth and Education. The Leadership Library. (Waco, TX: Word Books Publisher. 1986.) The Christian Student Equipper. Worship Leading.(Website: http://www.angelic.org) Alfred Edersheim. The Temple. (Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. 1979.) Tim Fisher. The Battle for Christian Music. (Greenville, SC. 1992.) John M. Frame. Contemporary Worship Music: A Biblical Defense. (Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company. 1997.) John M. Frame. Worship in Spirit and Truth. (R & R Publishing: Phillipsburg, NJ. 1996.) Frank Garlock & Kurt Woetzel. Music in the Balance. (Greenville, SC. 1992.) Robert Godfrey. Pleasing God in Our Worship. (Crossway Books: Wheaton, IL. 1999.) Jack Hayford. Worship His Majesty. (Waco, TX: Word Publishing. 1987.) Benny Hinn. The Anointing. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers. 1992.) Calvin M. Johansson. Discipling Music Ministry: 21st Century Directions. (Peabody, MA. 1992.) Bob Larson. The Day Music Died. (Carol Stream, IL. 1972.)
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Richard Lipkin. Insight magazine. (April 4, 1988.) Dan Lucarini. Why I Left the Contemporary Christian Music Movement. (Evangelical Press: Darlington, England. 2002.) John MacArthur, Jr. The Ultimate Priority On Worship. (Chicago, IL: Moody Press. 1983.) Scott MacLeod. Snakes in the Lobby. (Destiny Image. 1997.) Greg MacKay. How Music Affects Your Kids. (Gardiner, MT: Green Light Technologies. 1995.) Anne Ortlund. Up With Worship: How to Quit Playing Church. (Ventura, CA: Regal Books. 1975.) Leonard R. Payton. Congregational Singing and the Ministry of the Word. The Highway. Website: http://www.the-ghighway.com. (Adapted from the book, The Coming Evangelical Crisis from the chapter How Shall We Sing to God?) Charlie Peacock. At the Crossroads: An Insiders Look at The Past, Present, and Future of Contemporary Christian Music. (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman. 1999.) Dan Peters, Steve Peters & Cher Merrill. What About Christian Rock? (Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House Publishers. 1986.) John Piper. Brothers, We Are Not Professionals. (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman Publishers. 2002.) Pictorial Bible Dictionary. (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House. 1967.) Matt Redman. The Unquenchable Worshipper. (Ventura, CA: Regal Books. 2001.) Reformed Churches of America. The Theology and Place of Music in Worship. (Website: http://www.rca.org/worship.music.php) Robert N. Schaper. In His Presence: Appreciating Your Worship Tradition. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers. 1984.) Franklin M. Segler. Christian Worship: Its Theology and Practice. (Nashville, TN: Broadman Press. 1967.) Don Shrader. Music and Worship. (Eaton, OH: Aletheia Baptist Ministries)

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Singapore Bible Baptist Church. Music Guidelines for Worship. (http://sbbc371.org/music_guide) Kimberly Smith. Oh, Be Careful Little Ears. (Enumclaw, WA: WinePress Publishing. 1997.) David Tame. The Secret Power of Music. (Destiny Books. 1984.) Richard S. Taylor. A Return to Christian Culture. (Minneapolis, MN. 1973.) Carl Tuttle. Introduction to Worship. (Worship Leaders Training Manual. Vineyard Music. 1987.) Robert Webber. Blended Worship: The Creative Mixture of Old and New. (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press. 1998.) Robert E. Webber. Worship is a Verb. (Waco, TX: Word Books. 1985.) James F. White. New Forms of Worship. (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press. 1971.) Warren W. Wiersbe. Real Worship: It Will Transform Your Life. (Nashville, TN: Oliver Nelson. 1986.)

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About the Author

Tom Pedigo is an ordained minister and has served three churches over a span of 20 years. He received his B.A. degree from Western Illinois University (73) and his M.Div. degree from Northern Baptist Theological Seminary (77). Tom is presently the State Director for the American Family Association of Colorado and has served in this position for ten years. He is also the founder of Winning Edge Ministries and has ministered to fallen pastors with his widely used workbook called The Restoration Manual. As a side ministry, Rev. Pedigo founded a religious liberties outreach called the National Alliance Against Christian Discrimination (NAACD). He has served as the Executive Director of this ministry for over five years. During his last ten-year pastorate in Michigan, he hosted weekly Christian TV programs and a daily radio program. Tom has been married for 31 years to Cathy and has two grown children. His wife is the president of Winning Edge Publications and has also written two books. They reside in Colorado Springs, Colorado. For speaking engagements or follow-up information, you may contact him at:

Rev. Thomas L. Pedigo Winning Edge Ministries P.O. Box 62685 Colorado Springs, CO 80962 Office Tel.: (719) 532-9719 E-mail: afaofco@yahoo.com Website: http://win-edge.com/Worship_Music.shtml

Run in such a way that you may win. (I Cor. 9:24b)

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Endnotes

Preface 1. Paul Basden. The Worship Maze. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1999), p.87 2. Robert E. Webber. Worship is a Verb. Waco, TX: Word Books, 1985), p. 29 3. Robert Godfrey. Pleasing God in Our Worship. (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 1999. The Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals. Todays Issues.), p. 37 4. Marshall Shelly. Music, Youth and Education. (The Leadership Library. Garth Bolinder, Tom McKee & John Cionca. Waco, TX: Word Books Publisher, 1986), p.8 5. Jack W. Hayford. Worship His Majesty. (Waco, TX: Word Books, 1987), pp. 20-21 6. Kimberly Smith. Oh, Be Careful Little Ears. (Enumclaw, WA: Winepress Publishing, 1997), p. ix 7. Paul Basden. Ibid. p. 9 Introduction 1. The Christian Student Equipper. Worship Leading. Internet teaching. Website: http://www.angelic.org 2. Dan Lucarini. Why I Left the Contemporary Christian Music Movement (Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2002), p. 19 Chapter 1 1. Don Shrader. Music and Worship. (Eaton, OH: Aletheia Baptist Ministries) 2. John Piper. Brothers, We Are Not Professionals. (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2002), pp. 229-230 3. Marshall Shelley. Music, Youth and Education. The Leadership Library. Bolinder, McKee & Cionca. Waco, TX: Word Books Publisher, 1986.), p.8 4. Leonard R. Payton. Congregational Singing and the Ministry of the Word. (The Highway. http://www.the-highway.com. Adapted from the book, The Coming Evangelical Crisis from the chapter: How Shall We Sing to God?) 5. Paul Basden. The Worship Maze (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1999), pp. 104, 105 6. John M. Frame. Contemporary Worship Music: A Biblical Defense. Phillipsburg, NY: R & R Publishing, 1997), p.1 7. James F. White. New Forms of Worship. (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1971), p.125 8. John Frame. Ibid. p. 9

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Chapter 2 1. Robert E. Webber. Worship is a Verb (Waco, TX: Word Books, 1985), p.17 2. Jack W. Hayford. Worship His Majesty (Waco, TX: Word Books, 1987.), p. 147 Chapter 3 1. Robert E. Webber. Worship is a Verb (Waco, TX:Word Books, 1985.), p. 47 2. Leonard Payton. Congregational Singing and the Ministry of the Word. The Highway. http://www.the-highway.com. Adapted from the book, The Coming Evangelical Crisis from the chapter How Shall We Sing to God?) 3. Warren W. Wiersbe. Real Worship: It Will Transform Your Life Nashville, TN: Oliver Nelson, 1986), p. 161 Chapter 4 1. John Piper. Brothers, We Are Not Professionals. (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman Publishers. 2002), p. 239 2. Sally Morgenthaler. Worship Evangelism: Inviting Unbelievers into the Presence of God (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1995), pp. 77-78 Chapter 5 1. John M. Frame. Worship in Spirit and Truth (Phillipsburg, NJ: R & R Publishing, 1996), p. 122 2. Oswald Chambers. Shade of His Hand. (Ft. Washington, PA: Christian Literature Crusade, 1973), p. 52 3. Franklin M. Segler. Christian Worship: Its Theology and Practice (Nashville, TN: Broadman Press, 1967), p.21 4. Paul Basden, The Worship Maze (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1999), p. 11 Chapter 6 1. Frank Garlock & Kurt Woetzel. Music in the Balance (Greenville, SC, 1992), p. 108 2. Jack W. Hayford. Worship His Majesty (Waco, TX: Word Books, 1987), p. 152 Chapter 7 1. Pictorial Bible Dictionary (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1967), pp.822, 823 2. Pictorial Bible Dictionary. Ibid. p.831 3. Alfred Edersheim. The Temple. (Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1979), p. 78 4. Franklin M. Segler. Christian Worship: Its Theology and Practice (Nashville, TN: Broadman Press, 1967), p. 92 5. Robert Godfrey. Pleasing God in Our Worship (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 1999. The Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals. Todays Issues.), p.40

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6. Reformed Churches of America. The Theology and Place of Music in Worship. (Website: http://www.rca.org/worship.music.php.) 7. John MacArthur, Jr. The Ultimate Priority On Worship (Chicago, IL: Moody Press, 1983), p. 18 8. John M. Frame. Worship in Spirit and Truth (Phillipsburg, NJ: R & R Publishing, 1996), p. 81 9. John M. Frame. Ibid. pp. 81, 82. Chapter 8 1. Jack W. Hayford. Worship His Majesty (Waco, TX:Word Books, 1987), p. 138 Chapter 9 1. Jack W. Hayford. Ibid. p. 56 2. John M. Frame. Contemporary Worship Music: A Biblical Defense (Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company, 1997), p.92 3. Robert E. Webber. Ibid. p. 19 4. John Piper. Ibid. p. 240 Chapter 10 1. Jack W. Hayford. Ibid. p.54 Chapter 11 1. James F. White. New Forms of Worship. (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1971), p. 46 2. Matt Redman. The Unquenchable Worshipper. (Ventura, CA: Regal Books, 2001), p.89 3. Anne Ortlund. Up With Worship: How to Quit Playing Church (Ventura, CA. Regal Books, 1975), pp. 10, 11 4. Warren W. Wiersbe. Real Worship: It Will Transform Your Life (Nashville, TN: Oliver Nelson, 1986.), p. 161 Chapter 12 1. Dan Lucarini. Why I Left the Contemporary Christian Music Movement (Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2002), p. 128 2. John M. Frame. Worship in Spirit and Truth (Phillipsburg, NJ: R & R Publishing, 1996), p. 131 3. Jack Hayford. Ibid. p.22 4. Albert W. Palmer. Paths to the Presence of God (Quoted in Thomas Keplers compilation The Fellowship of the Saints. New York City, NY: AbingdonCokesbury, 1948), p. 680. 5. Dr. Jack Hyles. The Hyles Church Manual (Murfreesboro, TN: Sword of the Lord Publishers, 1968), p.189 6. Robert E. Webber. Worship is a Verb (Waco, TX: Word Books, 1985), p. 18

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7. Carl Tuttle. Introduction to Worship. (Worship Leaders Training Manual. Vineyard Music, 1987) 8. Jack W. Hayford. Ibid. pp. 53, 54 9. Hayford. Ibid. p. 55 10. Hayford. Ibid. p. 83 11. Robert Godfrey. Pleasing God in Our Worship (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 1999. The Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals. Todays Issues.), p. 10 12. Lucarini. Ibid. p. 97 13. Kimberly Smith. Oh, Be Careful Little Ears (Enumclaw, WA: Winepress Publishing, 1997), p. 97 14. Dan Peters, Steve Peters & Cher Merril. What About Christian Rock? (Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House Publishers, 1986), p. 180 15. Peters, Peters & Merril. Ibid. p. 63, 51. Chapter 13 1. The Christian Student Equipper: Worship Leading. (Internet outreach: http://www.angelic.org) 2. N. Woodruff. The Experience of Worship. (Website: Website: http://music.olivet.edu/) 3. The Christian Student Equipper. Ibid. 4. Benny Hinn. The Anointing (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1992), p. 40 Chapter 14 1. Benny Hinn. Ibid. pp. 38,39 2. Jack Hayford. Ibid. p. 117 3. Carl Tuttle. Ibid. 4. Matt Redman. The Unquenchable Worshipper (Ventura, CA: Regal Books, 2001), p. 113 5. Hinn. Ibid. p. 41 6. Anne Ortlund. Ibid. p. 169 7. Jack Hayford. Ibid. p. 117 8. LaMar Boschman. Worship Trends. (LaMar Boschman Ministries. Website: http://music.olivet.edu/) 9. Gary Furr & Milburn Price. The Dialogue of Worship (Macon, GA: Smyth & Helwys Publishing, 1998) npn 10. Matt Redman. Ibid. p. 33 11. Anne Ortlund. Ibid. p.29 12. Hayford. Ibid. pp. 176, 177 13. Ortlund. Ibid. p. 136 14. Hinn. Ibid. p. 47 15. Frame. Contemporary Worship Music. p. 121 16. Hayford. Ibid. p. 54 17. Hayford. Ibid. p. 91 18. Redman. Ibid. p. 48

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Chapter 15 1. The Christian Student Equipper. Worship Leading. (http://www.angelic.org) 2. James F. White. New Forms of Worship. Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1971), p. 45 3. Robert N. Schaper. In His Presence: Appreciating Your Worship Tradition (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1984). p. 175 4. Hinn. Ibid. p. 51 5. Hinn. Ibid. p. 51 6. Francois Fenelon. (Spiritual Letters. No. XXII. 1651-1715) 7. A. Maude Royden. (In the Federal Council Bulletin. January 1931.) Chapter 16 1. Basden. Ibid. p. 35 2. Peter Steinke. How Your Church Family Works: Understanding Congregations as Emotional Systems (New York City, NY: Alban Institute, 1996), p. 124 Chapter 17 1. Garth Bolinder. Music, Youth and Education. The Leadership Library. Waco, TX: Word Books Publisher, 1986), p. 60 2. John Michael Talbot. Musics Mysterious Power. (Charisma magazine. February 1986), p. 22 3. Dr. Steve Halpern. Music therapy researcher. (Prevention magazine. Oct. 1983), p.63 4. Matt Redman. The Unquenchable Worshipper (Ventura, CA: Regal Books, 2001), p.54 5. Hayford. Ibid. pp. 54, 107. 6. Gary Furr & Milburn Price. (The Dialogue of Worship. Macon, GA: Smyth & Helwys Publishing, 1998) np 7. John M. Frame. Worship in Spirit and Truth (Phillipsburg, NJ: R & R Publishing, 1996), p.125 8. Matt Redman. Ibid. p. 51 9. Redman. Ibid. p. 63 10. The Christian Student Equipper. (Worship Leading. Internet teaching) np Chapter 18 1. Redman. Ibid. p. 92 Chapter 19 1. Carl Tuttle. Introduction to Worship. (Worship Leaders Training Manual. Vineyard Music, 1987) 2. Garth Bolinder. Ibid. p.14

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3. Leonard R. Payton. Congregational Singing and the Ministry of the Word. (The Highway. Website: http://www.the-highway.com. Adapted from the book, The Coming Evangelical Crisis from the chapter How Shall We Sing to God?) Chapter 20 1. Carl Tuttle. Ibid. np. 2. Leonard R. Payton. Ibid. np. 3. Garth Bolinder. Ibid. p. 32. 4. Richard Foster. Celebration of Discipline. np. 5. Hayford. Ibid. p. 116. 6. Hayford, Ibid. p. 128. 7. Scott M. Aniol. Prime Rib and Bubble Gum: A Call to Reform Modern Worship Music (Website ministry: KaraMinistries.com.) 8. Lucarini. Ibid. p. 25. 9. Robert Godfrey. Pleasing God in Our Worship (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 1999. The Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals. Todays Issues.), p.25 10. John M. Frame. Contemporary Worship Music: A Biblical Defense (Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company, 1997), p. 60 11. Leonard R. Payton. Ibid. np. 12. Robert N. Schaper. In His Presence: Appreciating Your Worship Tradition (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1984), p. 184 13. Segler. Ibid. p. 197. 14. Anne Ortlund. Ibid. p. 46. 15. N. Woodruff. The Experience of Worship. (http://music.olivet.edu/) 16. LaMar Boschman. Worship Trends. (LaMar Boschman Ministries. Website: http://music.olivent.edu/) 17. Bolinder. Ibid. p. 33. 18. Matt Redman. Ibid. p. 47. 19. Redman. Ibid. p. 89 20. Redman. Ibid. p. 48. 21. The Christian Student Equipper: Worship Leading. Np. 22. Matt Redman. The Heart of Worship. (UK: Kingsways Thankyou Music.) 23. Basden. Ibid. p. 141. 24. Bob Johnson. ZionSong Worship Institute. (Website: www.zionsong.com) 25. Basden. Ibid. pp. 119-120. Chapter 21 1. Andrew Lovelace & William Rice. Music and Worship in the Church (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1976), p. 24 2. Warren W. Wiersbe. Real Worship: It Will Transform Your Life (Nashville, TN: Oliver Nelson, 1986), pp. 138-142 3. Hayford. Ibid. p. 168.

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4. Singapore Bible Baptist Church. Music Guidelines for Worship. (Website: http://sbbc371.org/home) 5. Godfrey. Ibid. p. 46. 6. Leonard Payton. Ibid. np. 7. Basden. Ibid. pp. 144-145. 8. John Piper. Brothers, We Are Not Professionals (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman Publishers. 2002), pp. 241-243 Chapter 22 1. John MacArthur, Jr. The Ultimate Priority On Worship (Chicago, IL: Moody Press, 1983), p. 104 Chapter 23 1. Jack W. Hayford. Worship His Majesty (Waco, TX: Word Books, 1987), p. 47 2. Hayford. Ibid. pp. 45, 49. 3. Hayford. Ibid. pp. 45, 46. 4. Hayford. Ibid. p. 57. 5. John Piper. Brothers, We Are Not Professionals. (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2002), pp. 238-239 APPENDICES A Critique of the Critics I 1. Millard Erickson. Where is Theology Going? (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1994), p. 41 2. Mark Minnick. Deviant Worship. (Frontline magazine. Vol. 7, 1997.) 3. The New York Times. Christian Musics New Wave. (April 17, 2004.) 4. Leonard Payton. Congregational Singing and the Ministry of the Word. (Center for Pastoral Theology), np 5. Kimberly Smith. Oh, Be Careful Little Ears (Enumclaw, WA: Winepress Publishing, 1997), p. 15 6. John Frame. Contemporary Worship Music: A Biblical Defense (Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company, 1997), p. 7 7. David Cloud. (Fundamental Baptist Information Service. Port Huron, MI. 11/23/02. Website: http://wayoflife.org.) 8. Dan Lucarini. Why I Left the Contemporary Christian Music Movement (Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2002), p. 15. 9. Lucarini. Ibid. p. 15. 10. Lucarini. Ibid. p. 42. 11. Lucarini. Ibid. p. 18. 12. Lucarini. Ibid. p. 18. 13. Lucarini. Ibid. pp. 28, 29. 14. Lucarini. Ibid. p. 34. 15. Lucarini. Ibid. pp. 56, 57. 16. Lucarini. Ibid. p. 71.

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Raucous Rock and Roll Reflections II 1. Dan Peters, Steve Peters & Cher Merril. What About Christian Rock? (Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House Publishers. 1986.), p. 15 2. Bottom Line/Personal. January 15, 1998. np 3. John Michael Talbot. Musics Mysterious Power. (Charisma magazine. February 1986), p. 22 4. Scott M. Aniol. Prime Rib and Bubble Gum: A Call to Reform Modern Worship Music (Website: www.karaministries.com) 5. Hayford. Ibid. pp. 158-159. 6. Calvin M. Johansson. Discipling Music Ministry: 21st Century Directions (Peabody, MA. 1992), pp. 51, 52 7. Kimberly Smith. Oh, Be Careful Little Ears (Enumclaw, WA: Winepress Publishing, 1997), p. 97 8. Samuele Bacchiocchi. The Christian and Rock Music: A Study of Biblical Principles of Music. np 9. Daniel and Bernadette Skubik. Neurophysiology of Rock (Published as an appendix in John Blanchards Pop Goes the Gospel: Rock in the Church. Durham, England, 1991), p. 191 10. Bob Larson. The Day Music Died (Carol Stream, IL. 1972), p. 15 11. Richard S. Taylor. A Return to Christian Culture (Minneapolis, MN. 1973), p. 87 12. Dan Lucarini. Why I Left the Contemporary Christian Music Movement (Darlington, England: Evangelical Press, 2002), p. 72 13. Kimberly Smith. Ibid. p. 93 14. Scott Aniol. Ibid. np. 14. Peters, Peters & Merril. Ibid. p. 18. 15. David Tame. The Secret Power of Music (Destiny Books, 1984), pp. 141-145 16. Tame. Ibid. pp. 141-145. 17. Richard Lipkin. (Insight Magazine. April 4, 1988), p. 58 Praise and Worship Examples in Revelation - III Note: All verses in this section were quoted from the New International Version of the Bible. Epilogue 1. Eugene Peterson. A Long Obedience in the Same Direction (Downers Grove, IL: Intervarsity Press, 2000), np

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