EXPERIMENT 4: SHAPE OF BEAMS DEFLECTION OBJECTIVE: To determine the shape of deflection of a beam subjected to a point load at mid span

and to show that the radius of curvature is inversely proportional to the distance from the supports.

x L/2 L

APPARATUS: Deflection beam apparatus 2 wedged supports 1 rakap Several Loads/weights 1 Load hanger Sample of beam Dial gauge Stirrups

PROCEDURE: 1. Firstly, the apparatus was set as shown in the diagram. Then, the dial gauge was placed at a distance x= 50mm from one support. Set L = 1000mm, W = 50N

2. After that, the dial gauge was set to a zero reading at a situation of no loading but inclusive of the load hanger and rakap.

3. Then, load of 50N was applied and the reading was recorded at a situation of the dial gauge. 4. After record the reading the load was removed and x was increased to another 50 mm

5. Furthermore, the dial gauge reading was set to zero again and was applied again the 50N loading. The dial gauge reading was recorded.

6. Process 4 and 5 was repeated until x = 450mm. 7. The result was recorded in the table provided. 8. Lastly, a graph of deflection, s (mm) against distance, x (mm)was plotted

RESULT:

Distance, x (mm) Deflection, s (mm)

0 0

50 1.29

100 3.89

150 4.17

200 5.68

250 7.8

300 7.85

350 8.76

400 9.02

450 10.35

graph of deflection , s (mm) against distance, x (mm)

S (mm)

X (mm)

QUESTIONS: 1. Based on the result obtained from the experiment, state the relation between deflection distance (x), radius of curvature (r) and deflection. The relationship between the gap distance, , the radius of curvature, and the tile width. Assuming a constant moment over the width of the tile, as the width of the tile is increased, the gap distance, , will increase. As the radius of curvature is increased, the net effect will be to decrease the gap distance.

2. Where do you think will occur maximum radius of curvature? At the centre beam that shows R=max is maximum radius curvature

R=max
BEAM

3. In your opinion, why we only perform the experiment for half of the beam? Because to make sure the radius curvature and deflections occurs due do the experiment DISCUSSION Carry out from the the error readings and environmental factors that can effect for the experiment process

CONCLUSION A design procedure based on curvature, rather than deflection, could provide a more accurate and representative response to actual applied loads. For the end of experiment shows that show the radius of curvature is inversely proportional to the distance from the supports.

ADDITION: Repeat the experiment using different type of beam type by ensuring the deflection at the mid span not to exceed 5mm so as not to damage the beam.