Indian History 1857 onwards- IMP POINTS:

1. In 1866, Dadabhai Naroji founded East Indian Association in London.

2. The National Indian Association was founded in 1867 by Mary Carpentar.

3. The Indian Society was established in 1873 by Anand Mohan Bose in London.

4. Justice Ranade & others organized the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha in 1870s

5. Indian Association was founded in 1876 by S.N.Bannerji & Anand Mohan Bose.

6. Madras Mahajan Sabha formed in 1876 by G. Subramaniya Iyer & P. Anand Chandi.

7. Bombay Presidency Association formed in 1885 by K.T. Telang & Pherozshah Mehta.

8. The Indian Association summoned an ALL INDIA NATIONAL CONFERENCE in Dec. 1883.

9. Allan Octavian Hume founded Indian National Congress in 1885. On 28 Dec. 1885 first meet of INC held in Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College at Bombay, presided by Womesh Chandra Bannerjee.The meet was attended by 78 members.

10. According to Safety Valve Theory, the INC was created by British Viceroy ( Dufferin).

11. The second session of INC met at Calcutta in Dec. 1886 under the Presidentship of Dadabhai Naroji.

12. The economic issues raised by Congress were based on the Drain of Wealth Theory propounded by Dadabhai Naroji.

13. Lala Lajpat Rai advocated technical education & industrial self help.

14. Bal Gangadhar Tilak start organizing the Ganapati festival from 1894.

15. Partition of Bengal 1905 lord Curzon.

16. The Congress took up the Swadeshi cell at its Banaras Session in 1905, presided by G.K.Gokhale.

17. The Congress during its Culcutta session in 1906, declared that the goal of the INC was Self Govt. - Presided by Dadabhai Naroji.

18. All India Muslim League was set up in 1906.

19. Congress split in 1907 Surat Session. 20. Kennedy was murdered on April 30,1908 by Khudiram Bose & Prafulla Chaki ( real target was magistrate Kingsford of Muzzafarpur)

21. In 1904, V.D. Savarkar organized the Abhinav Bharat.

22. Madan Lal Dhingra assassinated Curzon Wyllie in July, 1909.

23. Indian House in London, was started by Shyamji Krishnavarma in 1905.

24. Ghadar Movement founded by Sohan Singh Bhakra began in 1913 in San Francisco.

25. The Indian Council Act of 1909 formally introduced the principle of elections for the first time.

26. The annulment of Bengal partition , announced by George V at Delhi Darbar in Dec. 1911.

27. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad started newspaper Al Hilal in 1912.

28. Bombay was the only province where Muslims had taken to commerce & education quite easily.

29. INC meet in August 1918 at Bombay under the president ship of Hasan Imam to consider the proposals of Montague Chelmsford.

30. An all parties conference appointed a sub committee in 1928 whose members are Ali Imam, T.B. Sapru, S.C. Bose headed by Motilal Nehru.

31. The only hope for India is from the masses. The upper classes are physically & mentally dead: - Swami Vivekanand.

32. Bhulabhai Desai was the advocate at the famous INA trials. 33. 1883- full codification of Indian System of Law & Procedure.

34. Illbert Bill gave Indian magistrate the right to try European in Criminal cases.

35. Muhammad Ali Jinnah was referred to as the Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity by Sarojini Naidu.

36.. In Nov. 1945, three former INA officers were charged with waging a war against the King- emperor : - Col Shah Nawaz , Captain Sehgal & Lt. Dhillon. 37. The first national Congress deliberated upon nine resolutions concerning various issues.

38. The sleeping giant of Asia has woken up & no power on the Earth can stop him now Lenin for the textile workers who came out on the streets in protest against Tilaks transportation in July 1908.

39. The Justice party was launched by : - T.N.Nair, R.T. Chetti, C.N.Mudaliar.

40. Satya Shodhak Movement: - Jotirao Phule

41. Satya Shodhak Smaj : - Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj.

42. Council entry was the chief programme of the Swaraj Party.

43. Swaraj Party took part in the election in 1923,26.

44. In 1923, Swaraj Party gained absolute majority in C.P. Council.

45. M.A. Jinnah was willing to give up separate electorate in favour of joint electorate ( with certain conditions) at the time of Simon Commission.

46. It led to the estrangement of M.A.Jinnah, who called it a parting of the ways with the congress, went back to the separate electorate & formulated his famous 14- points Reference here is to Nehru Report.

47. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay write Anandmath in 1882.

48. R.C. Dutt is remembered as the pioneer of economic nationalism.

49. Bhartendu Harishchandra wrote the play, Andher Nagri Chaupata Raja .

50. The left wing within the congress emerged under S.C.Bose & Nehrus initiative in the post non- cooperation period.

51. The Moplah rebellion of 1921 broke out in Kerela.

52. J.B. Kripalani was the Congress Pr. when India became free.

53. In 1929, the British Govt. announce for the first time dominion status as the goal of British Policy in India.

54. The Quit India Campaign was launched by he National Congress after the failure of Cripps Mission.

55. The first attempt at introducing a representative & popular element in the governance of India was made through the Indian Council Act, 1909.

56. The formation of an Interim Govt. set up on September 2, 1946 was first envisaged by Cabinet Mission Plan.

57. Leaders with the movements they were connected: (i) Chakra Bisoi : - Khonds of Ghumsar (ii) Sido & Kanhu: - Santhal Rebellion. (iii) Radhakrishna Danda Sena : - Savare rebellion (iv) Tomma Dora: - Koya rebellion (V) Shambunath Pal: - Pabna uprising. (vi) BirsaMunda: - Munda revolt in Bihar.

58. Travancore, Hyderabad, Junegarh & Kashmir refused to join the Indian Union till the last moment.

59. Kuki Revolt: - Tripura, Kuka revolt: - Punjab, Pabna peasant revolt: - Bengal

60. In 1890, the first woman graduate of the Calcutta University , addressed the Congress Session : - Kadambini Ganguly

61. In 1905 G.K.Gokhale raised the demand for Swarajya or self governance within British Empire, from Congress platform.

62.The Muhammedan Anglo- oriental Defence Association (1893) was started by T.Beck.

63. Moderate politics was criticized in 1893-94 in a series of article entitled New lamp for old written by Aurobindo Ghosh.

64. We will not achieve any success in our labours if we croak once a year like a frog: - B.G.Tilak.

65. In 1889: - Congress adopt the principle that it would not take up any proposal which was considered harmful to the Muslims by a majority of the Muslim delegates in the Congress.

66. The Ahrar movement was moved by the ideas of self governance, disliked the loyalist politics of the Aligarh school & big nawabs & Zamindars & advocated participation in the militant nationalism movement.

67. Mulana Abul Kalam Azad was the most prominent scholars of Deoband school: - who held the view that there was no conflict between Muslims & Nationalism.

68. B.G. Tilak played an important role in bringing together the Muslim league & congress in 1916.

69. When Congress ministers resigned in 1939 ( in protest over their not having been consulted over the decision to enter World War II. The Congress Working Committee suggested that it would cooperate if there were a central Indian national government formed, and a commitment made to India's independence after the war ): 22nd Dec. 1939 was celebrated by Jinnah as the Day of Deliverance. The Day of Deliverance was also celebrated by B.R. Ambedkar & E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker. However Abdul Kalam Azad criticized the celebration.

70. Subhash Chandra Bose resigned from the Presidentship of the congress in 1939.

71. The Viceroy to be assassinated in India: - Lord Mayo.

72. William Bentick: - abolition of Persian as the court language.

73. Charles Metcafe : - Signing of a treaty with Ranjit Singh.

74. Ellenborough : - Annexation of Sind.

75. Delhousie: - Establishment of Public Work Department.

76. The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) was founded in 1927 by Birla & Thakurdas.

77. Jatindranath Mukherjee led the revolutionary Yugandhar Party which tried to conserve its resources & build international contact so as to organize a real military conspiracy at an appropriate time.

78. On Oct. 1940, the Individual Satyagraha was inaugurated by Acharya Vinoda Bhave.

79. S.C.Bose was unhappy with the Congress resolution at Ramgarh in March 1940 because Gandhi agreed to give support to the British war effort & he did not give a call for an immediate struggle.

80. The rating of RIN (Royal Indian Navy) went on a strike on 18 Feb, 1946. The strikers raised the National Congress, the Leagues & the Red flag.

81. Vallabhbhai Patel & M.A. Jinnah persuaded the ratings of RIN to surrender on 23rd Feb, 1946.

82. The Warlis Tribal peasants Agitation : - support was provided by Maharashtra Kisan Sabha.

83. Bakasht Peasant agitation : - support was provided by Bihar Kisan Sabha.

84. Travancore Agitation: - support was provided by the Communist.

85. Tebhaga movement: - support was provided by The Bengal Provincial Kisan Sabha.

86. The most enduring as well as most militant of the agitations originating in the period of 1945-47 was the Telengana Movement.

87. Strafford Cripps was a member of the Labour Party .

88. The Cabinet Mission was sent to India to establish a national government & to workout a constitutional arrangement for the transfer of power.

89. The Untouchable Mahars launched an autonomous movement from 1920s under B.R.Ambedkar to be allowed to take the sacred thread.

90. Jyotiba Phuyles Satyashodhak Smaj in the late 19th century undertook : - Separate representation for untouchable.

91. The Indian Council Act, 1909 provided to be the most short lived of all the British Constitutional experiment in India.

92. In March 1908, Agha Khan was elected as the Permanent Presidentof the Muslim league.

93. Gokhales Servants of Indian Society launched in June 1905 have one of the aim as Swadeshi & boycott.

94. Rashbehari Ghosh was the Pr. of the Congress at the time of Moderate extremist split.

95. In 1912- Muslim League adopt self governance as one of its objectives.

96.On the Direct Action Day (16 August 1946) also known as the *Great Calcutta Killing*, unprecedented bloodshed took place as a result of Hindu Muslim riots in Calcutta .* M*.A. Jinnah announced the day " for the purpose of winning the separate Muslim state. Chief Minister of Bengal at that time was Hussain Shaheed Suhrawardy. H.A.S. Exam

97. On Feb.20, 1947 PM Attlee announced the British Governments decision to withdraw from India latest by June 1948.

98. The August Offer of 1940 sought to conciliate the Congress by guaranteeing the setting up of a representative Indian body to form a new constitution.

99. The Congress took a stand over the Montford Reform at Delhi in 1918, which led to a break away by old moderate remants Sapru, Jayakar, &

Chinamani who formed the National Liberal Association. 100. The first definitely communist Journal to be published in India was Socialist.

101. The Governor General of India who initiated the introduction of English in India was Lord Bentick.

102. Quit India Movement was adopted by INC in Bombay.

103. King George V visited India during the viceroyality of Lord Harding.

104. Govt. of India Act, 1935 gave representation to Indians for the first time in the legislature.

105. The first Muslim president of the INC was Badrudin Taybji.

106. A public meeting was held on 13th April, 1919 in Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the arrest of popular leader.

107. PC Roy set up the famous Bengal Chemical Swadeshi Stores during the Swadeshi movement.

108. Linthgow was the Viceroy of India when Quit India Movement started in 1942.

109. One act of the government that gave the nationalist organization the final push to acquire an organization form was : - Illbert Bill.

110. My own belief is that the Congress is tottering , & one of my great ambitions is to assist it to a peaceful death : - Lord Curzon.

111. The second session of RTC broke down on the question of separate electorates for the minorities.

112. In Hyderabad, a movement based on Gandhian principles became very popular in the rural areas. It provided vital support to the local Congress Party during the struggle for integration of Hyderabad with the Indian Union in 1947. The leader of the movement : - Swami Ramanand Tirth.

113 . J. L. Nehru became the president of INC : - 3 times.

114. In the Allahabad district in 1929, at a time of the worldwide economic depression; a no-tax campaign on behalf of peasants was led by : - M.N.Roy.

115. Bhagat Singh shot Police Commissioner Saunders dead because he had led the lathi charge against he peaceful procession in the course of which Lala Lajpat Rai was injured.

116. M.K.Gandhi gave Vallabh Bhai Patel the title of Sardar.

117. Sarojini Naidu was the heroine of the 1942 Quit India movement.

118. To counteract unfavourable articles on India in the British Press & to supply authentic information, a journal named : - India was started in 1890.

119. In 1901 five districts & the tribal area were taken away from Punjab to create the North-West Frontier Province.

120. Lord Hardinge II was the Governor General of India who proposed the change of capital from Calcutta to Delhi.

121. The Communist Party was legalized in the year 1942.

122. J.L.Nehru was the president of the Congress when it declared poorna swaraj as its objective.

123. Gopal Hari Deshmukh was known as Lokhitwadi.

124. The British government summoned the first RTC in London to discuss the Nehru report.

125. The Indian Civil Service was introduced during the time of Lord Cornwallis.

126. The Life Divine, The Synthesis of Yoga, /Essays on The Gita/, /The Secret of The Veda/, Hymns to the Mystic Fire , /The Upanishads/, /The Renaissance in India/, /War and Self-determination/, /The Human Cycle/, /The Ideal of Human Unity/, and /The Future Poetry are the works of Aurobindo Ghosh.

127. In Alipore Bomb Case Sri Aurobindo Ghosh was defended successfully by /his Chitranjan Das.

128. Sri Aurobindo's close spiritual collaborator, Mirra Richard , came to be known as /The Mother/ simply because Sri Aurobindo started to call her by this name. On being asked by why he called her the Mother, Sri Aurobindo wrote an essay called /The Mother/ in order to shed light on the person of Mirra.

129. "If you want to know India, study Vivekananda. In him everything is positive and nothing negative." - Romain Rolland.

Governor Generals & Viceroys of India Governor Generals of India Lord William Bentinck (1828 1835):

 Carried out the social reforms like Prohibition of Sati (1829) and elimination of thugs (1830). Made English the Medium of higher education in the country (After the recommendations of Macaulay). Suppressed female infanticide and child sacrifice. Charter Act of 1833 was passed; made him the first Governor General of India. Before him, the designation was Governor General of Bengal. Sir Charles Metcalfe (1835 1836): Abolished all restrictions on vernacular press (called Liberator of the Press). Lord Auckland (1836 1842): The most important event of his reign was the First Afghan War, which proved to be a disaster for the English. Lord Ellenborough (1842 1844) Lord Hardinge I (1844 1848) Lord Dalhousie (1848 1856): Opened the first Indian Railway in 1853 (from Bombay to Thane). Laid out the telegraph lines in 1853 (First was from Calcutta to Agra). Introduced the Doctrine of Lapse and captured Satara (1848), Jaipur and Sambhalpur (1849), Udaipur (1852), Jhansi (1853) and Nagpur (1854). Established the postal system on the modern lines through the length and breadth of the country, which made communication easier. Started the Public Works Department. Many bridges were constructed and the work on Grand Trunk Road was started. The harbors of Karachi, Bombay and Calcutta were also developed. Made Shimla the summer capital. Started Engineering College at Roorkee. Encouraged science, forestry, commerce, mineralogy and industry. In 1854, Woods Dispatch was passed, which provided for the properly articulated system of education from the primary school to the university. Due to Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagars efforts, remarriage of widows was legalized by Widow Remarriage Act, 1856). Viceroys Of India

Lord Canning (1856 1862): The last Governor General and the first Viceroy. Mutiny took place in his time. On Nov, 1858, the rule passed on to the crown. Withdrew Doctrine of Lapse. The Universities of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras were established in 1857. Indian Councils Act was passed in 1861. Lord Elgin (1862 1863) Lord Lawrence (1864 1869): Telegraphic communication was opened with Europe. High Courts were established at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras in 1865. Expanded canal works and railways. Created the Indian Forest department. Lord Mayo (1869 1872): Started the process of financial decentralization in India. Established the Rajkot college at Kathiarwar and Mayo College at Ajmer for the Indian princes. For the first time in Indian history, a census was held in 1871. Organised the Statistical Survey of India. Was the only Viceroy to be murdered in office by a Pathan convict in the Andamans in 1872. Lord Northbrook (1872 1876): Lord Lytton (1876 1880): Known as the Viceroy to reverse characters. Organised the Grand Delhi Durbar in 1877 to decorate Queen Victoria with the title of Kaiser I Hind. Arms Act(1878) made it mandatory for Indians to acquire license for arms. Passed the infamous Vernacular Press Act (1878).

Lord Ripon (1880 1884): Liberal person, who sympathized with Indians. Repeated the Vernacular Press Act (1882) Passed the local self government Act (1882) Took steps to improve primary & secondary education (on William Hunter Commissions recommendations). The I Factory Act, 1881, aimed at prohibiting child labour. Passed the libert Bill (1883) which enabled Indian district magistrates to try European criminals. But this was withdrawn later. Lord Dufferin (1884 1888): Indian National Congress was formed during his tenure. Lord Lansdowne (1888 1894): II Factory Act (1891) granted a weekly holiday and stipulated working hours for women and children, although it failed to address concerns such as work hours for men. Categorization of Civil Services into Imperial, Provincial and Subordinate. Indian Council Act of 1892 was passed. Appointment of Durand Commission to define the line between British India and Afghanistan. Lord Elgin II (1894 1899): Great famine of 1896 1897. Lyall Commission was appointed. Lord Curzon (1899 1905): Passed the Indian Universities Act (1904) in which official control over the Universities was increased. Partitioned Bengal (October 16, 1905) into two provinces 1, Bengal (proper), 2.East Bengal & Assam. Appointed a Police Commission under Sir Andrew Frazer to enquire into the police administration of every province. The risings of the frontier tribes in 1897 98 led him to create the North Western Frontier Province(NWFP).

 Passed the Ancient Monuments Protection Act (1904), to restore Indias cultural heritage. Thus the Archaeological Survey of India was established. Passed the Indian Coinage and Paper Currency Act (1899) and put India on a gold standard. Extended railways to a great extent. Lord Minto (1905 1910): There was great political unrest in India. Various acts were passed to curb the revolutionary activities. Extremists like Lala Laipat Rai and Ajit Singh (in May, 1907) and Bal Gangadhar Tilak (in July, 1908) were sent to Mandalay jail in Burma. The Indian Council Act of 1909 or the Morley Minto Reforms was passed. Lord Hardinge (1910 1916): Held a durbar in dec, 1911 to celebrate the coronation of King George V. Partition of Bengal was cancelled (1911), capital shifted from Calcutta to Delhi (1911). A bomb was thrown at him; but he escaped unhurt (Dec 23, 1912). Gandhiji came back to India from S.Africa (January 9, 1915) Annie Besant announced the Home Rule Movement. Lord Chelmsford (1916 1921): August Declaration of 1917, whereby control over the Indian government would be gradually transferred to the Indian people. The government of India Act in 1919 (Montague Chelmsford reforms) was passed. Rowlatt Act of 1919; Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (April 13, 1919).

 Non Cooperation Movement. An Indian Sir S.P.Sinha was appointed the Governor of Bengal. A Womens university was founded at Poona in 1916. Saddler Commission was appointed in 1917 to envisage new educational policy. Lord Reading (1921 1926): Rowlatt act was repeated along with the Press act of 1910. Suppressed non-cooperation movement. Prince of Wales visited India in Nov.1921. Moplah rebellion (1921) took place in Kerala. Ahmedabad session of 1921. Formation of Swaraj Party. Vishwabharati University started functioning in 1922. Communist part was founded in 1921 by M.N.Roy. Kakory Train Robbery on Aug 9, 1925. Communal riots of 1923 25 in Multan, Amritsar, Delhi, etc. Swami Shraddhanand, a great nationalist and a leader of the Arya Samajists, was murdered in communal orgy. Lord Irwin (1926 1931): Simon Commission visited India in 1928. Congress passed the Indian Resolution in 1929. Dandi March (Mar 12, 1930). Civil Disobedience Movement (1930). First Round Table Conference held in England in 1930. Gandhi Irwin Pact (Mar 5, 1931) was signed and Civil Disobediance Movement was withdrawn. Martydorm of Jatin Das after 64 days hunger strike (1929). Lord Willington (1931 1936): Second Round Table conference in London in 1931.

 On his return Gandhiji was again arrested and Civil Disobedience Movement was resumed in Jan 1932. Communal Awards (Aug 16, 1932) assigned seats to different religious communities. Gandhiji went on a epic fast in protest against this division. Third Round Table conference in 1932. Poona Pact was signed. Government of India Act (1935) was passed. Lord Linlithgow (1936 1944): Govt. of India Act enforced in the provinces. Congress ministries formed in 8 out of 11 provinces. They remained in power for about 2 years till Oct 1939, when they gave up offices on the issue of India having been dragged into the II World War. The Muslim League observed the days as Deliverance Say (22 December) Churchill became the British PM in May, 1940. He declared that the Atlantic Charter (issued jointly by the UK and US, stating to give sovereign rights to those who have been forcibly deprived of them) does not apply to India. Outbreak of World War II in 1939. Cripps Mission in 1942. Quit India Movement (August 8, 1942). Lord Wavell (1944 1947): Arranged the Shimla Conference on June 25, 1945 with Indian National Congress and Muslim League; failed. Cabinet Mission Plan (May 16, 1946). Elections to the constituent assembly were held and an Interim Govt. was appointed under Nehru. First meeting of the constituent assembly was held on Dec. 9, 1946. Lord Mountbatten (Mar.1947 Aug.1947): Last Viceroy of British India and the first Governor General of free India. Partition of India decided by the June 3 Plan. Indian Independence Act passed by the British parliament on July 4, 1947, by which Pakistan and India became independent on August 14 and 15, 1947.

President of India Vice President Prime Minister of India (Chairman of Planing Commission) Speaker, Lok Sabha Deputy Chairman, Rajya Sabha Deputy Speaker, Lok Sabha Leader of Opposition (Lok Sabha) Leader of Opposition (Rajya Sabha) Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) Chairperson, National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)

Pranab Mukherjee Mohammad Hamid Ansari Manmohan Singh Meira Kumar P.J. Kurien Mr. Karia Munda Sushma Swaraj Arun Jaitley Montek Singh Ahluwalia V. S. Sampath K.G. Balakrishnan

Governor of RBI Chief Justice of India Chairman, National Commission on Farmers (NCF) Chairperson, National Commission for Women Chairperson, National Commission for Minorities Chairman, National Commission for Backward Classes Chairman, National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (ST) Chairman, National Commission for Scheduled Castes (SC) Chairperson, National Commission for Protection of Child Rights Chairman, National Knowledge Commission Register General and Census Commissioner of India Chief Information Commissioner Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) Attorney-General of India Solicitor-General of India Central Vigilance Commissioner (CVC) Chairman of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) Chairman Prasar Bharati Board

Duvvuri Subbarao S H Kapadia M.S. Swaminathan Mamata Sharma Wajahat Habibullah Justice M.Narayana Rao Rameshwar Oran P.L. Punia Shanta Sinha Sam Pitroda C. Chandramouli Satyanand Mishra Mr. Vinod Rai Goolam E. Vahanvati Rohinton Nariman Pradeep Kumar Rahul Khullar Mrinal Pande

Chief Executive Officer of Prasar Bharati Chief of the Indian Navy Chief of the Indian Army Air Chief Marshal Director-General of the Indian Coast Guard Director General of National Security Guard (NSG) Director General of the Defense Intelligence Agency Chief of Integrated Defence Staff Director General of the Border Security Force (BSF) Director General of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of Air India Director General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) Director General, Indo Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) Director General, Railway Protection Force (R.P.F) Director of National Council Of Educational Research And Training (NCERT) Chairman of the National Book Trust Chairman, Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)

Jawahar Sircar. Admiral Devender Kumar Joshi General Bikram Singh N.A.K. Browne M.P. Muralidharan Subhash Joshi Lt. Gen. Avtar Singh Vice Admiral Shekhar Sinha U K Bansal K Vijay Kumar Rohit Nandan Prashant Sukul -P. K. Mehta Parvin Sinclair Bipan Chandra D.P. Agarwal

Chairman, University Grants Commission (UGC) Chairman Staff Selection Commission (SSC) Director, Research and Analytical Wing (RAW) Director of Intelligence Bureau (IB) Director-General of National Investigation Agency (NIA) Director of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Director, Enforcement Directorate National Security Advisor Scientific Adviser to the. Government Adviser to the Prime Minister of India Chairman of Prime minister economic advisory council Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister Chairman,Pollution Council Chairman, National Forest Commission Chairman and Managing Director of BSNL Chairman, Railway Board Chairman of India Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC) Chairman ofNational Highways Authority of India ( NHAI)

Prof. Ved Prakash N.K. Raghupathi K C Verma Mr. Nehchal Sandhu S C Sinha A P Singh Amitab Rajan Shivshankar Menon Dr. R. Chidambaram TKA Nair Dr. C Rangrajan Pulok Chatterjee Nellie Sen Gupta B. N. Kirpal R K Upadhyay Vinay Mittal Shankarsingh Vaghela Rajinder Pal Singh

Chairman of Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) Chairman of Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) Chairman, Central Board of Excise & Customs (CBEC) Chairman of Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) Director General, Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) Chairman of Indian Council for Historical Research (ICHR) Secretary-General, Rajya Sabha Secretary-General, Lok Sabha Chairman, Sixth Central Pay commission Chairman, 19th Law Commission

Dinesh Kumar Mehrotra Poonam Kishore Saxena S.K.Goel UK Sinha Rajiv Basudev Chatterji Vivek Kumar Agnihotri T. K. Viswanathan B. N. Srikrishna P.venkatram Reddy

chairman of Oil and Natural Gas Corp (ONGC) Sudhir Vasudeva Chairman of Coal India Limited Chairman, Board Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) chairperson of Children's Film Society of India (CFSI) Director of Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Director of the Indira Gandhi Centre for S. Narsing Rao N.Srinivasan Nandita Das Shekhar Basu Ratan Kumar Sinha S.C. Chetal

Atomic Research (IGCAR) at Kalpakkam Director of Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) at Tiruvanantha Puram Chairman of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) President of Insurance regulatory development authority (IRDA) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) President of Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM) President of National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM) President of Sahitya Academy Chairman, Lali Kala Academy (National Academy OF Arts) Chairman, Sangeet Natak Academy Chairman of Pension fund regulatory and development authority (PFRDA) Chairman of Controller General of Accounts (CGA) Chairman of Institute of Cost Accountants of India (ICAI) Chairperson of the National Film Development Corporation Chairman of Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) Chairman of Unique Identification authority of India K Radhakrishnan K Radhakrishnan J. Harinaranyan Prakash Bakshi Rajkumar Dhoot N Chandrasekaran Sunil Gangopadhyay Balan Nambiar Leela Samson Yogesh Agrawal Jawahar Thakur Rakesh Singh Ramesh Sippy Adi Godrej Nandan Nilekani

Chairman of Competition commission of India Chairman of 14th Finance commission Chairman and MD of General Insurance Corporation (GIC) Chairman & MD of India Trade Promotion Organisation (ITPO) Chairman of Public Health Foundation Director General of Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) Scientific Advisor to the Defence Minister President, Indian Banks' Association (IBA) Chairman and Managing Director of Neyveli Lignite Corporation (NLC) President of the prestigious Supreme Court Bar Association Director General for Employees State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Chief Economic Advisor in the Finance Ministry Secretary of the President Chairman of Financing Infrastructure

Ashok Chawla Yaga Venugopal Reddy Mr Ashok Kumar Roy Smt. Rita Menon NR. Narayana Murthy VK Saraswat VK Saraswat Alok K Misra B Surender Mohan P H Parekh Anil Kumar Raghuram Rajan Omita Paul Deepak Parekh

Chairman of media regulator Press Council of Markandey Katju India President of the Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO) MD,Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Chairman of SBI Group M. Rafeeque Ahmed Mr. Mangu Singh Pratip Chowdhary

Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and industry (FICCI) Cabinet Secretary Foreign Secretary Home Secretary Finance Secretary President of International Chamber of Commerce India (ICC India) Chairman, Company Law Board (CLB) Deputy Governor of RBI:

R.V. Kanoria Ajit Kumar Seth Ranjani Mathai Raj Kumar Singh Sunil Mitra Harsh Pati Singhania DR Deshmukh 1.Dr. Subir Gokarn 2.Dr. K C chakrabarti 3.Anand sinha 4.Haroon Rashid khan

Chairman, Inter-State Council secretary general of National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) Chairman, Press Trust of India (PTI) Chairman of Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) Chairman, National Agricultural Federation Cooperative Marketing (NAFED). President, Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI) Chairman and CMD National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC). Chairman and Managing Director, Small

P Chidambaram Rajiv Sharma Veerendra kumar Justice Syed Rafat Alam Dr. Bijendra Singh P. V. Narsimgham Arup Rai Chaudhary Sushil Muhnot

Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) Chairman, Island Waterways Authority of India Chairman and Managing Director, Mineral and Metals Trading Corporation (MMTC) Chairman, National Agricultural Federation Cooperative Marketing (NAFED). Chairman and Managing Director of Gas Authority Of India Limited (GAIL) Chairman and MD, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) CMD, National Hydro Power Corporation Chairman, Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Ltd (IFFCO) CMD, Food Corporation of India (FCI) Steel Authority of India (SAIL) S. P. Gaur Sanjeev Batra Dr. Bijendra Singh B. C. Tripathi S. Roy Choudhury A. B. L. Srivastava N. P. Patel Sriraj Hussain Chandra Shekhar Verma

2. Heads of Important Offices in World

General Secretary of United Nation Director General of WTO President of the World Bank Managing Director of International Monetary Fund (IMF) Ban ki-moon (South Korea) Pascal Lami (France) Jim Yong Kim (Korean-born) American citizen Christine Lagarde (France)

President of Asian Development Bank (ADB) Director- General of the World Health Organization (WHO) Secretary General of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) President of European Union (EU) Director-General, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Executive Director, United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) Director-General, International Labour Organization (ILO) Director General of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Director General of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) President of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Secretary General of South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation (SAAR) Secretary-General, Arab League

Haruhiko Kuroda (Japan) Margaret Chan (China) Anders Fogh Rasmussen (Denmark) Herman Van Rompuy (Belgium) Irina Bokova

Anthony Lake Guy Ryder Yukiya Amano (Japan) Jose Graziano da Silva Suma Chakrabarti ( India) Ahmad Saleem (Pakistan) Nabil el-Araby

Chairman, United Nations Commission on Navi Pillay (India) Human Rights (UNCHR) President of the International Cricket Council(ICC) Alan Isaac (New Zealand)

President, International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF)

Lamine Diack (Senegal)

President, International Seabed Authority Peter Thomson (ISA) President of Rotary International (Humanitarian Service Organization) President, World Heart Federation Vice-President, Africa World Bank. President of the European Central Bank Secretary of IMF Executive Director of India in IMF Human development adviser of United Nation Development Programme (UNDP) Vice Chairman of the Association of Asian Election Authorities (AAEA) Chairperson of the African Union Commission Kalyan Banerjee (India) K. Srinath Reddy Obiageli Katryn Ezekwesili Mario Draghi Siddharth tiwari Arvind Virmani Amartya sen SY Qureshi (India) Dr Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma

American Ambassador to India Pakistani ambassador to India Pakistan's Ambassador to the United States Indian High commissioner to U.K Indian Ambassador to America India's Permanent Representative to the United Nations Indian Ambassador to WTO

Nancy J pawel Salman Bashir Sherry Rehman Jaimini Bhagwati Nirupama Rao Hardeep Singh Puri K. M. Chandra Shekhar

rime Minister, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Ministry of Planning & Department of Atomic Energy Department of Space Ministry of Finance Ministry of Agriculture and Food Processing Industries Ministry of Defence Ministry of Home affairs Ministry of External Affairs Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Ministry of Power & Ministry of Corporate Affairs Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas Ministry of Urban Development Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs &Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Ministry of Information and Broadcasting Ministry of Labour and Employment P Chidambaram Sharad Pawar A K Anthony Sushilkumar Shinde S M Krishna Ghulam Nabi Azad Veerappa Moily Dr Farooq Abdullah S Jaipal Reddy Kamal Nath Vayalar Ravi Ambika Soni Mallikarjun Kharge

Dr.Manmohan Singh

Ministry of Human Resource Development, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology & Ministry of Science and Technology and Earth Sciences Ministry of Commerce and Industry and Textiles Ministry of Road Transport and Highways Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation and Culture Ministry of Tourism Ministry of Shipping Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs & Ministry of Water Resources Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises Ministry of Coal Ministry of Law and Justice & Ministry of Minority Affairs Ministry of Tribal Affairs& Panchayati Raj Ministry of Steel Anand Sharma C P Joshi Kumari Selja Subodh Kant Sahay G K Vasan P K Bansal Mukul Wasnik M K Alagiri Praful Patel Shriprakash Jaiswal Salman Khurshid

Kapil Sibal

V Kishore Chandra Deo Beni Prasad Verma

Ministry of Railways Ministry of Rural Development, Drinking Water and Sanitation Ministry of Civil Aviation

Mukul Roy Jairam Ramesh Chaudhary Ajit Singh

Chief Minister, General Administration, Law&Order,Commercial Taxes,Energy, Coal & Boilers, Public Enterprises

N. Kiran Kumar Reddy

Dy. Chief Minister, Minister for Damodar Raja Higher Education & Technical Narasimha.C Education Minister for Home, Jails, Fire Services, Sainik Welfare, Printing & Stationary Sabitha .P

Anam Minister for Finance, Planning, Ramanarayana Small Savings, State Lotteries Reddy Minister for Mines & Geology Minister for Tribal Welfare Aruna Kumari Galla Balaraju .P

Minister for Backward Classes Baswaraju

Welfare Minister for Transport Minister for Endowments

Saraiah B. Satyanarayana C. Ramachandraiah

Minister for AP Vaidya Vidhan D.L.Ravindra Parishad,Health, Family Welfare and AP Aids Control Reddy Society Minister for Labour, Employment, Training &Factories, Industrial Training Institutes Minister for Roads & Buildings Minister for Rural Development, NREGS Minister for Law & Courts Minister for Handlooms & Textiles, Spinning Mills, Small Scale Industries and K&VI Board Minister for Infrastructure & Danam Nagender Dharmana Prasada Rao Dokka Manikya Varaprasada Rao Erasu Prathap Reddy Gaddam Prasad Kumar Ganta Srinivas

Investments, Ports, Airports, Natural Gas

Rao

Minister for Major Industries, Sugar, Geetha Reddy .J Commerce & Export Promotion Minister for Panchayat Raj & Rural Water Supply Jana Reddy .K

Kanna Minister for Agriculture and Agriculture Technology Mission Lakshminarayana Minister for Cooperation Kasu Venkata Krishna Reddy

Minister for Medical Education, Kondru Murali Arogyasree, Health Insurance Mohan Minister for Municipal Administration & Urban Development Minister for Excise & Prohibition Minister for Marketing & Warehousing Minister for Housing, Weaker Section Housing Programme, AP Cooperative Housing Societies Federation and AP Minister for Secondary Maheedhar Reddy .M ---Mukesh Goud .M Capt. N.Uttam Kumar Reddy Pardha Saradhi K

Education, Govt.Exminations, AP. Residential Educational Institutions Society, Hyderabad Public School,Intermediate Education Minister for Social Welfare Pithani Satyanarayana

Ponnala Minister for Information Technology & Communication Lakshmaiah Minister for Revenue, Relief, Rehabilitation Minister for Horticulture, Sericulture Raghuveera Reddy .N Ramreddy Venkata Reddy

Minister for Primary Education, SSA, Adult Education, AP Open Schools Society, Jawahar Bal Bhavan, Sailajanath .S AP Mahila Samata Society, SIET, Public Libraries, SCERT, AP Text Book Press Minister for Forest, Environment, Science & Technology Minister for Civil Supplies, Food & Consumer Affairs, Satrucharla Vijayarama Raju Sridhar Babu .D

Legal Metrology&Legislative Affairs Minister for Major & Medium Irrigation, A.P. Water Resources Development Corporation Sudarshan Reddy .P

Minister for Indira Kranthi Patham, Pensions, Sunitha Laxma Self Help Groups & Women Development, Child Welfare & Reddy .V Disabled Welfare Minister for Minority Welfare, Wakf, Urdu Academy Minister for Stamps & Registration Minister for Minor Irrigation, APIDC, Lift Irrigation, WALAMTARI, Ground Water Development Syed Mohammad Ahamadulla Thota Narasimham T.G.Venkatesh

Minister for Tourism & Culture, Vatti Vasant Archaeology & Museums, Archives & Youth Services & Kumar Sports, NCC Minister for Animal Husbandry, Dairy Development & Fisheries, Veterinary University Viswarupu .P

Name of States 1. Andhra Pradesh

Governor E.S Lakshmi Narasimhan

Chief Minister Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy Nabam Tuki Tarun Gogoi Nitish Kumar Raman Singh Shekhar Diks hit Manohar Parrikar Narendra Modi Bhupinder Singh Hooda Prem Kumar

2. Arunachal General (Rtd.) Pradesh J.J. Singh 3. Assam 4. Bihar JB Pattanaik Devanand Konwar

5. Shekhar Dutt Chhattisgarh 6. New Delhi(*UT) 7.Goa Tejendra Khanna BV Wanchoo Dr. Kamla Beniwal Jagannath Pahadia Urmila Singh

8.Gujarat

9.Haryana 10.Himachal

Pradesh 11.Jammu & N. N. Vohra Kashmir 12.Jharkhan d Dr. Syed Ahmed

Dhumal Omar Abdulla Arjun Munda Jagadish Shivappa Shettar Oommen Cha ndy Shivraj Singh Chauhan Prithviraj Chavan Okram Ibobi Singh Mukul Sangma

13.Karnataka H R Bhardwaj

14.Kerala 15.Madhya Pradesh

H R Bharadwaj Ram Naresh Yadav

K. 16.Maharash Sankaranaray tra anan 17.Manipur Gurbachan Jagat

18.Meghalay RS a Mooshahary 19.Mizoram

Vakkam Lal Purushothama Thanhawla n

20.Nagaland 21.Orissa

Nikhil Kumar MC Bhandare

Neiphiu Rio Naveen Patnaik N.Rangaswa mmy Prakash Singh Badal Pawan Kumar Chamling J.Jayalalita Manik Sarkar Vijay Bahuguna Akhilesh Yadav Mamata Banerjee ---

22.Puducherr Iqbal Singh y (*UT) 23.Punjab Shivraj Patil

24.Rajasthan Margaret Alva Ashok Gehlot 25.Sikkim 26.Tamil Nadu 27.Tripura Balmiki Prasa d Singh Konijeti Rosaiah Dr. D Y Patil

28.UttaraKha Aziz Qureshi nd 29.Uttar Pradesh 30.West Bengal 31.Andaman & Nicobar B L Joshi M. K Narayanan Lt. Gen. (Retd.)

(*UT)

Bhopinder Singh ---

32.Chandigar Shivraj V. Patil h (*UT) 33.Dadra and Narendra Nagar Haveli Kumar (*UT) 34.Daman Narendra and Diu (*UT) Kumar 35.Lakshadw Amar Nath eep (*UT)

---

--B V Selvarj (Administrato r)

*A Union Territory is an administrative division of

India, in the federal framework of governance. Unlike the states of India, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the

federal government; the President of India appoints an Administrator or Lieutenant-Governor for each territory. There are seven union territories. Delhi, the capital of India, is also a Union territory. Delhi and Pondicherry have been given partial statehood. Delhi is redefined as National Capital Territory. Delhi and Pondicherry have their own elected legislative assemblies and the executive councils of ministers, but their powers are limited; certain legislation must be reserved for the "consideration and assent" of the President of India.