Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (pronounced mo nd k m nd nd i ( listen); 2 October 1869 30 January 1948), commonly known asMahatma Gandhi, was the

e preeminent leader of Indian nationalism in British-ruled India. Employing non-violent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence [2][3] and inspired movements for non-violence, civil rights and freedom across the world. The son of a senior government official, Gandhi was born and raised in a Bania community in coastal Gujarat, and trained in law in London. Gandhi became famous by fighting for the civil rights of Muslim and Hindu Indians in South Africa, using new techniques of non-violent civil disobedience that he developed. Lakshmibai was born probably on 19 November 1828 in the holy town of Varanasi into a Brahmin family. [6] She was named Manikarnika and was nicknamed Manu. Her father was Moropant Tambe and her mother [7] Bhagirathi Bai. Her parents came from Maharashtra. Her mother died when she was four. Her father worked for [8] a court Peshwa of Bithoor district who brought Manikarnika up like his own daughter. The Peshwa called her [citation needed] "Chhabili", which means "playful". She was educated at home. She was more independent in her [citation needed] childhood than others of her age; her studies included archery, horsemanship, and self-defence. Chandra Shekhar Azad pronunciation (helpinfo) (23 July 1906 27 February 1931), popularly known as Azad ("The Liberated"), was an Indianrevolutionary who reorganised the Hindustan Republican Association under the new name of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) after the death of its founder, Ram Prasad Bismil, and three other prominent party leaders, Roshan Singh, Rajendra Nath Lahiri and Ashfaqulla Khan. He is considered to be the mentor of Bhagat Singh and chief strategist of the HSRA. Chandra Shekhar Azad was born on 23 July 1906 in Bhawra village, in the present-day Alirajpur [citation needed] district of Madhya Pradesh. He was then called Chandra Shekar Tiwari. His forefathers were from the Badarka village near Kanpur (in present-day Unnao District. His mother, Jagrani Devi, was the third wife of his father Sitaram Tiwari. After the birth of their first son, Sukhdev, in Badarka, the family moved to the Alirajpur [3][4] State. Sarojini Naidu, also known by the sobriquet The Nightingale of India, was a child prodigy, Indian independence activist and poet. Naidu was one of the framers of the Indian Constitution. Naidu was the first [2] Indian woman to become the President of the Indian National Congress and the first woman to become the [3] [4 Governor of Uttar Pradesh state. Her birthday is celebrated as Women's Day all over India. Naidu Hyderabad to a Bengali Hindu Kulin Brahmin family to Agorenath Chattopadhyay and Barada Sundari Devi on 13th February 1879. Her father was a doctor of science from Edinburgh University, settled in Hyderabad State, where he founded and administered the Ahemdabad College, which later became the Nizam's College in Ahemdabad. Her mother was a poetess baji and used to write poetry in Bengali. Sarojini Naidu was the eldest among the eight siblings. One of her brothers Birendranath was a revolutionary and her other brother, Harindranath was a poet, dramatist, and actor. Subhas Chandra Bose ( listen (helpinfo); 23 January 1897 unknown) also known as Netaji (Beng li/O iy /Hindi): Re pec ed Le de ), w one of he mo p ominen Indi n n ion li le de who attempted to gain India's independence from British rule by force during the waning years ofWorld War II with the help of the Axis powers. Bose, who had been ousted from the Indian National Congress in 1939 following differences with the more [1] conservative high command, and subsequently placed under house arrest by the British, escaped from India in [2] [3] early 1941. He turned to the Axis powers for help in gaining India's independence by force. With Japanese support, he organised the Indian National Army (INA), composed largely of Indian soldiers of the British Indian army who had been captured in the Battle of Singapore by the Japanese
[1]
[1][3][4][5] [4]

Bahadur Shah Zafar was the last Mughal King of India. Prior to defeating him in battle and imprisoning him in Yangoon, Myanmar, the British East India Company reduced Bahadur Shah Zafar and his family to a state of dependence. He was also one of the greatest Urdu poets of India, he wrote some of the finest Urdu poetry and was a patron of many famous Urdu poets. His Urdu poetry is still very popular. This site contains a copy of his divan in Urdu. I have also included his complete works for downloading. To download please click on Kulyat Zafar. Photograph of Zafar

Bahadur Shah Zafar was born in Delhi on October 24 1775. His father was Akbar Shah II and his mother was a Rajput lady Lal Bai. Bahadur Shah Zafar died in exile in the captivity of the British. He died at Yangoon, Myanmar at the age of 87 on November 7 1862. He was buried there and now there is a shrine in Yangoon, the name of the shrine is Bahadur Shah Zafar Dargah and it is located near the Shwe Degon Pagoda at 6 Ziwaka Road, near the intersection with Shwe Degon Pagoda Rd, Yangoon. For a picture of the Dargah please click on the following. Bahadur Shah Zafar's Dargah in Yangoon.
Nana Sahib (born 19 May 1824 disappeared 1857), born as Dhondu Pant (Marathi: ), was an Indian, Maratha aristocrat, who led the Indian Rebellion of 1857. As the adopted son of the exiled Maratha Peshwa Baji Rao II, he sought to restore the Maratha rule and the Peshwa tradition in India. Sahib was born on 19 May 1824 as Dhondu Pant to Narayan Bhatt and Ganga Bai. In 1827, he was adopted by [1] the Maratha Peshwa. The East India Company exiled Baji Rao II to Bithoor near Cawnpore (now Kanpur), where Nana Sahib was brought up. Bhagat Singh (IPA: p ( listen); 28 September 1907 23 March 1931) was an Indian socialist considered to be one of the most influential revolutionaries of the Indian independence movement. He is often referred to as Shaheed Bhagat Singh, the word "Shaheed" meaning "martyr" in a number of Indian languages. Born into a Sikh family which had earlier been involved in revolutionary activities against the British Raj, as a teenager Singh studied European revolutionary movements and was attracted to anarchist and Marxist ideologies. He became involved in numerous revolutionary organisations, and quickly rose through the ranks of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) to become one of its main leaders, eventually changing its name to the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928. Bal Gangadhar Tilak ( pronunciation (helpinfo)), born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak (23 July 1856 1 August 1920), was an Indian nationalist, journalist, teacher, social reformer, lawyer and independence activist who was the first popular leader of the Indian Independence Movement. The British colonial authorities derogatorily called him "Father of the Indian unrest" (Marathi: [ ]). He was also conferred with the honorary title of "Lokmanya", which literally means "Accepted by the people (as their leader)".
[1]

Tilak was one of the first and strongest advocates of "Swaraj" (self-rule) and a strong radical in Indian consciousness. His famous quote, "Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it!" (Marathi: [ !]) is well-remembered in India even today.
[1]

Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar AM (English pronunciation: / n n du lk / ( listen); born 24 April 1973) is [2] an Indian cricketer widely acknowledged as one of the greatest batsmen in One Day International and second [3] only to Don Bradman in the all time greatest list in Test cricket. In 2002, Wisden Cricketers' Almanack ranked him the second greatest Test batsman of all time, behind Don Bradman, and the second greatest one-day[4] international (ODI) batsman of all time, behind Viv Richards. Tendulkar was a part of the 2011 Cricket World Cupwinning Indian team in the later part of his career, his first such win in six World Cup appearances for [5] India. He was also the recipient of "Player of the Tournament" award of the 2003 Cricket World Cup held in South Africa. Mahendra Singh Dhoni pronunciation (helpinfo) (born 7 July 1981), commonly known as M. S. Dhoni, is an Indian cricketer and the currentcaptain of the Indian national cricket team and the Chennai Super Kings cricket team. He made his One Day International (ODI) debut in December 2004 against Bangladesh, and a year later played his first Test, this time against Sri Lanka. He is captain of India in all three forms of the game and also led the team to their first ever bilateral ODI series wins in Sri Lanka and New Zealand. Under Dhoni's captaincy India became the first team after a gap of more than 40 years to whitewash Australia in a Test series. Dhoni also led the Indian team to the number one position in ICC rankings in Test cricket for the first time.

Abul Pakir Jainul Abideen Abdul Kalam popularly known as Missile Man is the President of India.
The n ion know him nucle cien i nd he f he of Indi ucce ful mi ile p og mme.

As a defense scientist he got Bharat Ratna for his great success in Agni, Prathvi, Akash, Trishul and Nag missiles research. Our nation is proud of him because he brought fame to nation in missile power and challenging researches. Dr. Kalam has the distinction of working with Indian scientists as Vikram Sarabhai and Santosh Dhawan from whom he got ideas and inspirations. The swearing-in ceremony at the Rashtrapati Bhawan was notable for the fusion of thoughts of the scientist and the head of the State, who called for a national movement to empowe people o be pove y f ee, he l hy nd li e e. A.P.J. Kalam was born in 1931 at Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. He was the son of a little educated boat owner, named Jainulabedeen Ashiama. He always used to eat South Indian dish rice, sambhar and coconut chutney on banana leaf. He did his schooling in Ramanathapuram district, for college he moved out of the district and studied in St. Jo eph college in T iuchi p lli and did his diploma in Engineering from Indian Institute Technology, Chennai. He started his career with DRDO in 1958 and five year later went to ISRO where he became the Project Director of SLV. He led Indi fi elli e l unch vehicleRohini which successfully lifted in 1980. With this he realised that SLV technology could have military applications in the form of missile. He then became Programme Director to launch Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme. In his 14 year work span as Director of Defence Research and Development Laboratory, he developed up P i hvi, Agni, T i hul, Ak h nd N g. He comple ed he long del yed A jun nk p ojec nd l o pu hed he d wi h n indigenou i c f engine K ve i.

Cattle (colloquially cows) are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamilyBovinae, are the most widespread species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos primigenius. Cattle are raised as livestock for meat (beef and veal), as dairy animals for milk and other dairy products, and as draft animals (oxen or bullocks) (pulling carts,plows and the like). Other products include leather and dung for manure or fuel. In some countries, such as India, cattle are sacred. From as few as 80 progenitors domesticated in southeast Turkey about 10,500 years ago,
[2]

an estimated 1.3 billion cattle are in the world today.

[3]

In 2009, cattle became the first livestock

animal to have a fully mapped genome.