SAP2000 Tutorial Example

Analysis of Spiral Staircase

(Metric Units) ACECOMS, AIT

Table of Content
Objective............................................................................................................................4 Problem..............................................................................................................................4 Step by Step.......................................................................................................................7 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Create Spiral Staircase Model from Template............................................... 7 Assign Supports (Restraints) ....................................................................... 11 Add New Load Case.................................................................................... 14 Assign Uniform Load on Staircase.............................................................. 15 Define Staircase Thickness.......................................................................... 17 Run Analysis ............................................................................................... 19 View Deformed Shape and Moment Data................................................... 21 View Reaction in Tabular Form .................................................................. 25

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Objective
To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the modeling and analysis of spiral staircase.

Problem
Carry out analysis of spiral staircase with the following details 3D View

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Plan View

3m 1m

Elevation View

4.5 m

Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Load Cases
Load Name Load Type Details Self Weight (Calculate automatically by Self Weight Multiplier) DEAD Dead + 0.20 ton/m2 for Steps and Finishing (Uniform Area Load on Slab Panels) LIVE Live 0.4 ton/m2 (Uniform Area Load on Slab Panels)

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Step by Step
1. Create Spiral Staircase Model from Template
Step 1-1: Start SAP2000 and Select Working Unit Start up screen of SAP2000, select working unit to be Ton-m at drop-down menu on the bottom-right of screen and click on New Model button to start new model with template

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 1-2: Select Template and Specify 3D Frame Parameters Select Staricase from template list and select Sprial Staircase

Enter parameters as shown in figure below

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Note: Click on Parametric Definition to see notations for dimension

Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 1-3: Create Spiral Staircase Spiral staircase has been created by parameters specified from previous steps.

Note: To Show Shell Panels in Solid Shade Go to View >> Set Display Options or click on Set Display Options button select Fill Object and Apply to All Windows and

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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2. Assign Supports (Restraints)

Step 2-1: Select All Nodes at Bottom of Staircase Activate X-Y Plan window by clicking on right window area, make sure that current plan view is at Z = 0 by clicking at the top of this window. (If not using Move Down in or Move Up in List to change Plan view elevation) and draw the List selection rectangular to cover all nodes at bottom of stair as shown in figure below.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Step 2-2: Assign Fix Support at Bottom of Staircase Go to Assign >> Joint >> Restraints and select Fix support type as shown in figure below.

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 2-3: Assign Fix Support at Top of Staircase to move plan view to top of the stair and draw the Click on Move Up in List selection rectangular to cover all nodes at top of stair as shown in figure below.

Go to Assign >> Joint >> Restraints and select Fix support type as shown in figure below.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

3. Add New Load Case

Step 3-1: Add LIVE Load Case Go to Define >> Load Cases and enter load case parameters as shown below.

Click on Add New Load to add LIVE load case in the list

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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4. Assign Uniform Load on Staircase

Step 4-1: Assign Uniform Load for DEAD Load Case at All Shell Panels to select all elements in model and go to Assign >> Click on Select All button Area Load >> Uniform (Shell) and enter load parameters as shown in figure below.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Step 4-2: Assign Uniform Load for LIVE Load Case at All Shell Panels to select all elements in model and go to Assign >> Click on Select All button Area Load >> Uniform (Shell) and enter load parameters as shown in figure below.

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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5. Define Staircase Thickness

All staircase panels have been assigned by ASEC1 shell section property automatically from step 1-2. This step is to specify stair thickness.
Step 5-1: Specify Slab Thickness Go to Define >> Area Sections, select ASEC1 and click on Modify/Show Section

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 5-2: Specify Area Thickness Enter area thickness as shown in figure below.

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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6. Run Analysis
Step 6-1: Start Analysis Go to Analyze >> Run Analysis or click on Run Analysis button Run Now and click on

Specify file name and click on Save to save model.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 6-2: View Analysis Details and Check Error Message Wait until analysis status dialogue and scroll up to check error message. shows ANALYSIS COMPLETE

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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7. View Deformed Shape and Moment Data

Step 7-1: Select Load Case to Display Deformed Shape Go to Display >> Show Deformed Shape or click on Show Deformed Shape button and select desired Case/ Combo Name.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 7-2: Display Deformed Shape and View Particular Displacement Displacement details at particular node will display when moving cursor close to that node. To view deformed shape in animation, click on Start Animation button. Click on or to reduce/increase animation speed. Right click on desired node to view particular displacement value.

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 7-3: Display Moment on Staircase Go to Display >> Show Forces/Stresses >> Shell and select desired Case/Combo Name and Component. Right mouse click on desired panel to view particular moment

Note: Move mouse cursor over this particular diagram to view moment at particular point

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Note: Sign Convention for Shell Element

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

8. View Reaction in Tabular Form

Step 8-1: Select Reaction and Analysis Case to Display in Table Go to Display >> Show Tables, select Reaction as shown in figure below, click on Select Analysis Cases and select only DEAD and LIVE by clicking on them one by one while holding Ctrl button

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 8-2: Display Reaction in Table Go to Display >> Show Deformed Shape or click on Show Deformed Shape button and select desired Case/ Combo Name.

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Note: Joint Label can be displayed from View >> Set Display Options or clicking on Set Display Options and select Labels in Joints

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