Emil Marinov Nedka Stancheva Lubomir Tchvetankov RESEARCH OF THE POWER AND ECOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF DIESEL ENGINE WITH

DIRECT INJECTION
1. INTRODUCTION rative researches of the different conventional biofuels are implemented. The base biofuel characterizes whith following phisics chemical properties, given in table 1. The biofuel is methil ester of the coleseed oil. The derivatiues are mixture of diesel fuel and 15%, 25%, 50%, 75% coleseed biofuel (methil ester). The experimental researches are implemented with one cilinder experimental installation D1000, designed for spectalized research activity /figure 1/. The engine is with direct fuel injection and have a piston with camera in joint. Because of comparative character of research, analysis of the using of the measurement equipment and of the experiment errors is made /7, 8/.

ndependently of the numerous researches, the work of diesel engine with biofuel remains always actual problem on account of row of unseffled technical problems. The main problems, which remain for research, enolve from higher viscosity of the biofuel, from higher flame temperature, from problems during admission of (switching in) the engine at low temperature and from organization of the fuel process. All of this give reflection on the possibilities for effective engine work as with diesel fuel so with biofuel, without construction changes or special regulation. In this sense two methods of approach are possible for solving of this problem. l the first is the biofuel parameters to bow to parameters of the classic diesell fuel; l the second is with in unessential construction and technological changes to ensure favourable conditions for effective running of the fuel process in the fuelbox.

The desired parameters of a new experimental biofuel may to reach with its mixing in the definite proportion with diesel fuel, the bringing of different supplement for stabilization of the flame temperature, the cetan ratio and the work with low temperature. In some cases it is accept the supplement of biofuel to be 5% in diesel fuel. Improvement of the conditions for running of the fuel process is achieved through alternation in fuelbox, increase of the temperature regime in fuelbox and over piston space, heat insulated coatings. The construction alternations of the flamebox may to lead to cousiderable alternartions in the engine work with diesel fuel. This is created conditions for new fuel process, which may to deflect from optimal conditions for burning of the diesel fuel. 2. ESSENCE OF THE RESEARCH

Figure 1. One cilinder experimental installation The results of the experimental researches are presented graphically. The photographed indicator diagram at different rotatiom frequency are given on the figure 2. It is established that the maximum indicator pressure at diesel fuel with rotation frequency n=1380 min - 1 is Assoc. Prof. dr Emil Marinov, University of Rousse, Bulgaria Assoc. Prof. dr Nedka Stancheva, University of Rousse, Bulgaria Assoc. Prof. dr Lubomir Tchvetankov University of Rousse, Bulgaria

With the purpose of to determine the qualities of biofuel (production of the factory Organic chemistry ), compaTable 1. Base phisics - chemical parameters of the biofuel Specific heat of burning 087 . - 089 . Kinematic viscosity 5.7 Cetan ratio 46 - 60 Flame temperature 375 o C

ZASTAVA, broj 42, Kragujevac, decembar 2006.

Emil Marinov, Nedka Stancheva, Lubomir Tchvetankov

higher than at biofuel. At higher frequencies (n=1800 min - 1). BD100 has the highest indicator pressure of the biofuel. The received diagrams show that the engine has different indicator pressure at different frequency in

whole frequency scope with different biofuels. Rebuilding indicator diagram for different fuels depending on rotation frequency of the crankshaft are shown in figure 3.

Figure 2. Indicator diagrams rotation angle of the crankshaft.

Figure 3. Maximum indicator diagram depending on percentage content of the biofuel 6 ZASTAVA, broj 42, Kragujevac, decembar 2006.

Research of the power and ecological parameters of diesel engine with direct injection

It is seen, that in frequency scope 1700 - 1900 min - 1 the maximum indicator pressure for different fuel alter in more narrow boundaries. If the similar researches are implemented with other engines and if established those frequency scope, this is may use as criterion of assessment of the work of diesel engines with biofuel. With increase of the percentage content of the ester in biofuel, the scope of the curve of increase of the pressure R increases. This is characterized the rigidness of the work engine.

The engine has the highest indicator pressure R at work with biofuel BD50 where the fumidity and elimination of nitrogen oxide increase at the high frequency at engine work. The character of the alteration of the Ne and Me is typical for diesel engine at the three kind of fuel. With increase of the percentage content of the biofuel Ne and Me decrease, which may explaine with lower caloricity of the biosters in relation to diesel fuel. It is seen on the figure 5, that the fuel consumption of biofuel BD50 is comparatively low at more wide frequency scope.

Figure 4. Effective torque and effective power at work of internal com-bustion engine with different precentage coutent of the biofuel in diesel fuel.

Figure 6. Fumidity and nitrogen oxide at work of internal combustion engine with different percentage content of the biofuel in diesel fuel. The implemented researches are for the concrete experimental engine. Relative contradiction with determinate formulation have in some of results. The results of the humidity and nitrogen oxide at engine work with different biofuel are given on the fig.6 3. CONCLUSION

Figure 5. Hour and specific effective fuel consumption with different percentage content of the biofuel in diesel fuel. This results are received for experimental engine D1000 where the fuel installation and the phases of gas distribution are tuned for work with convertional diesel fuel. ZASTAVA, broj 42, Kragujevac, decembar 2006.

The base conclusion is that with increase of the percentage of the biofuel, the fumidity of the engine decreases. Complex comparative research of the work of the experimental diesel engine with biofuel (different methil ester) and its mixsture with standard diesel fuel is implemented. The researches disclose not only function fitness of the biofuel, but also give possibility to determine the influence of the different percentage coutent of the different methil ester on the effective and ecological indexes of the engine. The received results give information for the work of diesel engine with biofuel of the different basis and may use at following research of the work process. This is will give possibility for creation as more converter biofuel, as more convertor diesel engine at work with diesel fuel and biooils. 7

Emil Marinov, Nedka Stancheva, Lubomir Tchvetankov

4.

REFFERENSES

/1/ Biodiesel: THE USE OF VEGETABLE OILS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES AS ALTERNATIVE DIESEL FUELS, G. Knothe, R.O.Dunn, and M.O.Bagby, in fuels and chemicals from biomass. D.C.: American Chemical Society., http://www.oup-usa.org, http://www.biodiesel.org /2/ D.Kopchev, E.Marinov, L.Tchvetankov, V.Kopchev. USING OF BIOFUEL AS A COMPONENT AND SUBSTITUTE OF THE STANDART DIESEL FUEL . /3/ K.Krastev: RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF HATE-INSULATE OF THE PISTON JOINT ON EFFECTIVE AND ECOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE DIESEL ENGINE , 2003.

/4/ E.Marinov, L.Tchvetankov, P.Kopchev, ACTUAL PROBLEMS IN USING OF THE BIOFUEL , 2002. /5/ E.Marinov , K.Krastev, EXPERIMENTAL INSTALLATION FOR FUEL BALANCE OF THE ONE CILINDER DIESEL ENGINE /6/ E.Marinov , A.Trendafilov, RESEARCH OF THE BASIC PHISICS PARAMETERS OF THE BIOFUEL , 2005. /7/ D.Stanchev , T.Delikostov, B.Borisov, D.Bekana, CONSERNING THE ACCURACY USING OF TWO SENSORS FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE FUEL ECONOMY OF MOBILE MACHINES . /8/ G.Said , D.Stanchev, N.Stancheva, T.Delikostov, RESEARCH OF THE ERROR USING OF FING SENSORS FOR MESEARMENT OF FUEL CONSUMPTION OF MOBILE MACHINES . MOTAUTO2006, Varna, 2006.

ZASTAVA, broj 42, Kragujevac, decembar 2006.