Report 1

Initial Lab: Avogadro and All That

Note: In preparing this report you are free to use references and consult with others. However, you may not copy from other students work (including your laboratory partner) or misrepresent your own data (see honor code). Name(Print then sign): ___________________________________________________ Lab Partner (Print): ___________________________________________________ Lab Day: ___________________Section: ________TA__________________________ Note: In preparing this report you are free to use references and consult with others. However, you may not copy from other students work (including your laboratory partner) or misrepresent your own data (see honor code).

1. Identification of Apparatus
1. beaker

2. erlenmeyer flask (conical flask)

3. Side-arm Erlenmeyer flask (conical flask)

4. graduated (measuring) cylinder

5. pipette: both types graduated and bulb

6. burette

7. Bunsen burner

8. test tubes

9. watch glass

10. Volumetric flask

2. Balance Use
1. 2. 3. 4. Mass of weighing paper and solid, ________ g Mass of weighing paper, __________ g Mass of solid, ___________g Mass of solid on tared weighing paper ____________g

3. Measuring the volume of a liquid

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Mass of 50 mL beaker and water, g ______________ Mass of 50 mL beaker, g ______________________ Mass of water from graduated cylinder, g___________ Mass of 50 mL beaker and water, g ______________ Mass of 50 mL beaker, g ______________________ Mass of water from pipette, g ____________________ Mass of 50 mL beaker and water, g ______________ Mass of 50 mL beaker, g ______________________ Mass of water from burette, g ____________________

From a consideration of the masses of water measured above, and given that the density of water is 1 g/mL, decide on an order of which is the most accurate method of volume measurement measuring cylinder, pipette, or burette with (1) being the most accurate? (1) (2) (3)

How precisely could each of the apparatus used be read? Hint: Consider the number of decimal places that you can read each piece of glassware too (1) measuring cylinder (2) pipette (3) burette

4. Estimation of Avogadro's Number

Measurement of the volume of stearic acid solution required to cover the water surface Trial 1 Record the diameter of the water surface Record the volume of stearic acid solution required to cover the surface Trial 2

___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________

Record the concentration of the stearic ___________________ ___________________ acid solution Calculation Of Avogadro's Number a. Calculation of the thickness of a monolayer of stearic acid Trial 1 From your data, the volume of stearic acid solution required to form a monolayer was Calculate the mass of stearic acid contained in that volume of stearic acid solution (the concentration in grams per liter will be given to you) (density of steric acid=0.108g/ml) Calculate the volume, V, of pure stearic acid in the monolayer on the water surface. You will need the density of solid stearic acid, which is 0.85 g/ml (or g/cm3). Trial 2

___________________ ___________________

___________________ ___________________

___________________ ___________________

Calculate the area of the monolayer (A ___________________ ___________________

= r2, r is the radius of the water surface and r=7cm) Calculate the thickness of the monolayer (t = Volume/Area) ___________________ ___________________

b. Estimation of the size and volume of a carbon atom Trial 1 Trial 2

A stearic acid molecule consists of 18 carbon atoms linked together. Assuming that the thickness, t, of a ___________________ ___________________ monolayer is equal to the length of the stearic acid molecule, calculate the size of a carbon atom, s = t/18 Assuming that a carbon atom is a little cube, calculate the volume of a carbon atom, volume = s3 c. Calculation of the volume of a mole of carbon atoms Trial 1 Trial 2 ___________________ ___________________

Calculate the molar volume of carbon (diamond) by using the density of diamond (3.51g/cm3) ______________________________ _______________ and the atomic mass of a mole of carbon Is the volume of a mole of diamond the same as the actual ______________________________ _______________ volume of a mole of carbon atoms? d. Calculation of the volume of a mole of carbon (diamond) volume of a single carbon atom (Avogadro's number) Trial 1 Calculate Avogado's number (NA) from the appropriate ratio of volumes Trial 2

_________________________________ _____________

Calculate the average value of _________________________________ _____________

NA from your results Express your results as a number 1023. Are you ________________________________ _____________ within a power of 10 of the 23 accepted value of 6.02 10 ?

5. Alginate Spheres
1. What effect caused the spheres to form?

2. How can you change the size of the spheres?

3. List 2 uses of sodium alginate apart from making spheres