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Name: _________________ Date: _______________ Part 1 Grammar Passage Completion Fill in the gaps with the correct word from the list below. Questions 1-5 Moby Dick is the ( ) ---- white whale ( ) ---- torments Captain Ahab in the novel Moby Dick by Herman Melville. ( ) ---- a leg in a previous encounter with the whale, Ahab is obsessed ( ) ---- finding and killing Moby-Dick and his burning desire for revenge really is the centre of the story. At novel's end, Ahab finds and attacks Moby Dick, but the terrible whale takes Ahab, his ship Pequod, and nearly ( ) ---- its crew down to a watery grave with him. 1. reluctant consistent edible enormous persuasive 2. whom whose that where 3. in which To have lost To lose Being lost Having been lost Having lost 4. of with at from to 5. all whole few

much many Questions 6-10 A glacier is a large mass of ice ()---- its genesis on land and ()---- a multiyear surplus of snowfall over snowmelt. At the present time, perennial ice ()---- about 10 percent of the land areas of the Earth. ()---glaciers are generally thought of as polar entities, they also ()---- in mountainous areas throughout the world, on all continents except Australia, and even at or near the Equator on high mountains in Africa and South America. 6. having have to have to have been 7. having been qualifies represents simulates conveys 8. estimates has been covered covered will have covered covers covering 9. Although In case However But for 10. Due to are found have found found find were found

Choose the appropriate options to complete the short passage below. In 2002, the EU promised (1) ---- 1 billion euro available in reconstruction aid (2) ---- Afghanistan over a five-year period. Among the results of this support are new health clinics, road (3) ----, the successful elections in 2004 and 2005, and better policing (4) ---- customs and border management. And they will continue their support with a focus (5) ---- public health, administrative reform and rural development. 1. to make to be made making being made for making 4. in spite of in order to so mush as so as to as well as 5. at in on by to 2. for onto between by with 3. delays failures mistakes improvements rejections

Choose the appropriate options to complete the sentences 1. Casper......three Romance languages already, and he ...... a fourth one next term. A) learnt/ has begun B) is going to learn / would begin C) will have learnt / begins D) is learning / began E) has learnt / will begin 2. The beginning of the monsoon ...... any day now, and so, for the last few days, the farmers......their fields. A) has been expected / were preparing B) will be expected / prepare C) is expected / have been preparing D) is being expected / are prepahng E) was expected / have prepared 3. Kevin has found that his life seems to have more meaning......he has a daughter of his own. A) now that B) unless

C) as soon as D) until E) by the time 4. Mr. Hamilton...... plastic surgery, or else he......so young. A) should have / ought not to look B) would have / must not look C) ought to have had / may not look D) must have had / wouldn't look E) could have / did not use to look 5. Clive was selling his old laptop at a very low price; I......it, but I was completely broke at the time. A) must have bought B) have to buy C) will buy D) could buy E) would have bought 6. The authors......I admire most are those......continue writing despite severe criticism. A) whom / who B) which / what C) who / how D) that / whose E) what / whom 7. The art of smelting iron is thought .. in the ancient Near East, possibly in eastern Anatolia. A) discovering B) having been discovered C) being discovered D) to have been discovered E) to discover 8. My bicycle was......by now, but I see it ......there in the shop, still broken. A) to repair / having sat B) repaired / sit C) to be repaired / to have sat D) repairing/to sit E) to have been repaired / sitting

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9. Sorry I'm late, but if I had known you lived......away, I would have left home A) so far / earlier B) too far / as early C) the furthest / the earliest D) as far / so early E) such a far / too early 10. The leaders of the revolution imprisoned ......that had been connected with the former government. A) whichever B) everyone C) anywhere D) whomever E) something

Part 2 Vocabulary - Context Clues Choose the correct meaning of the underlined word, and identify the type of context clue used: example, contrast, definition, or logic 1. Our baseball team's pitcher has a few eccentric habits, such as throwing exactly thirteen warm-up pitches and never wearing socks. A) normal B) strange C) messy 2. After the heavy rains, the stream became murky; in fact, the water was so cloudy you couldn't see the bottom. A) cloudy B) bottomless C) clear 3. The debris on the stadium floor included numerous paper cups, ticket stubs, and cigarette butts. A) products B) papers C) trash 4. The coach takes every opportunity to censure his players, yet he ignores every opportunity to praise them.

A) approve of B) criticize C) choose 5. The newlyweds agreed to be very frugal in their shopping because they wanted to save enough money to buy a house. A) economical B) wasteful C) interested 6. Although Alex usually looks unkempt, he had a very neat appearance at his job interview. A) orderly B) handsome C) messy In the sentences below, which type of context clue is provided for the underlined word? 7. I'm looking for a unique gift for my boyfriend; he appreciates unusual things. A) example B) synonym C) antonym / contrast 8. Expecting that his license would be renewed, the pilot was surprised when it was revoked instead. A) example B) synonym C) antonym

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. 1. We must have an ---- supply of food before we start our journey. absolute abstract abundant aboard 2. It is a very strange fact that frogs ---- water through their skins. accelerate balance

access absorb 3. One should never ---- the importance of family life in the overall development of a child. capture calculate gamble underestimate 4. Yesterday morning, I found my little bird lying dead inside his ----. cave cage cemetery pavement 5. Theft and ---- are still among the most serious crimes in many countries. welfare homicide sacrifice ignorance 6. All the runners had completed the first ---- of the race when a sudden rain started. hint ladder lane lap 7. In twenty years' time, the food supplies will be so ---- for some countries that people will start immigrating in huge numbers. scale scarce scan scare 8. Many people in the world are forced to leave their countries and become ---- because of their religious or political views. patriot peasant refugee bandit

Part 3 Reading Comprehension Read the passages and answer the questions Atmosphere of Venus Data from the Pioneer spacecraft of NASA apparently prove the theory that the high surface temperature of Venus is due to an atmospheric greenhouse effect caused mainly by a blanket of carbon dioxide. Such a greenhouse effect is created when energy in the form of sunlight easily passes through a planet's atmosphere, warms its surface, and is converted to heat radiation that is then held in by the atmosphere from top to bottom. Venus has a relatively thin atmosphere like the Earth's, but Venus' atmosphere consists of more than ninety percent carbon dioxide, compared to less than four percent in that of the Earth. Because of its higher percentage of carbon dioxide, Venus' atmosphere traps much more heat radiation than does the Earth's. Thus, the Venus studies are believed to be important to the understanding of possible adverse effects on the Earth's agriculture that could result from the long-term use of fossil fuels, which add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. 1. According to the passage, data from the Venus study can be used to ----. A) measure the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere accurately B) increase the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere C) test the efficiency of the spacecraft sent to Venus by NASA D) predict future agricultural problems on Earth E) determine the topography and the surface characteristics of the Earth

2. We understand from the passage that the atmosphere of Venus ----. A) is thinner than the atmosphere of the Earth B) contains much more carbon dioxide than that of the Earth C) traps less heat radiation compared to the atmosphere of the Earth D) blocks out dangerous rays from the sun E) is far colder than the atmospheres of other planets in our solar system 3. One can infer from the passage that ----. A) there is no difference between the atmospheres of Venus and the Earth B) the atmosphere of the Earth consists of mainly carbon dioxide C) the more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the warmer the world will tend to get D) lack of atmosphere causes a very high surface temperature on Venus E) Venus had once enjoyed a climate of the sort hospitable to life

How Does Brain Work? Theories about how brain works remain a topic of debate. It is agreed, though, that the hippocampus, a part of the brain, is undeniably important for memory. When we experience something, the information is sent via our senses to the hippocampus, where it is processed. Scientists believe that brain cells called neurons first transform the sensory stimuli we experience into images in our immediate memory. Then, these images are sent to the hippocampus and stored temporarily in short term memory. In the hippocampus information is organized, and it is during this process that parts of the image of our experience fade away. Finally, certain information is then transferred to long term memory in a section in the frontal lobe of the brain known as the cerebral cortex. Scientists think this process may happen while we are sleeping, but exactly how the information is transferred from one area of the brain to another is a mystery. 4. This reading is mainly concerned with ----. A) how to improve our memory B) why some of the information in short term memory fades away C) illness that results in severe memory loss D) how human brain processes and stores information E) the importance of neurons in transferring sensory stimuli 5. According to the passage scientists ----. A) know that information is sen from the long term memory to the hippocampus B) have found out why some of the information is lost in the hippocampus C) don't know exactly how the information is transferred from one area of the brain to another D) agree on how the brain works E) still debate whether the hippocampus is important for memory 6. It is pointed out in the reading that ----. A) the brain was not considered as a highly complex organ in the past B) damage to hippocampus doesn't cause memory loss C) all of the information stored in the short term is transferred to long time memory D) hippocampus is in the frontal lobe of he brain E) scientists agree that the hippocampus is important in processing information People With Extraordinary Abilities Fictional stories about people who have extraordinary abilities have always attracted people's attention. One of them is the story of Vera Petrova, who is able to perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls. One day she comes into his father's office and puts her hands on he door of a

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locked safe. Suddenly she asks her fa her why he keeps so many old newspapers locked away there. Vera's curious talent is brought to the notice of a scientific research institute and she is given a series of tests by a special commission. During these tests she manages to read a newspaper through an opaque screen and then she describes he figures and colors of a picture hidden under a carpet. During all these tests Vera is blindfold; and, indeed, except when blindfold she lacks the ability to perceive things with her skin. It was also found that although she could perceive things with her fingers this ability ceased the moment her hands were wet. 7. As we understand from the reading, Vera Petrova ----. A) can only perceive things with her fingers B) is a curious child C) is not the only fictional character who has extraordinary abilities D) fails most of the tests administered by a special commission E) perceives the objects only when her fingers are wet 8. It is pointed out in the reading that Vera Petrova loses the ability to perceive objects with her fingers ----. A) when her father first notices this ability B) when she is asked to read a newspaper through an opaque screen C) after she is given a series of tests D) as soon as her hands get wet E) when the object is hidden under a carpet 9. According to the reading, ----. A) Vera Petrova's father asks her why she keeps the old newspapers in the locked safe B) the scientific research institute is not interested in Vera Petrova's talent C) Vera can't perceive objects with her skin unless she is blindfold D) there are several scientific research institutes which examine people like Vera E) the special commission is made up by people who can also perceive objects with their skin

The Bermuda Triangle The Bermuda Triangle occupies a disturbing and almost unbelievable place in the world's catalog of unexplained mysteries. More than a hundred planes and ships have vanished in this area into the air since 1945, and more than a thousand lives have been lost, without a single body or even a piece wreckage from the vanishing planes or ships having been found. Many of the planes concerned have vanished while in normal radio contact with their base until the very moment of their disappearance, while others have radioed the most extraordinary messages, implying that they could not get their instruments to function,

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that their compasses were spinning, that the sky had turned yellow and hazy on a clear day, and the ocean, which was calm nearby, didn't look right without further clarification of what was wrong. 10. One can infer from the reading that ----. A) the wreckages of some ships and planes have been found in the Bermuda Triangle B) the number of incidents involving lost ships is no larger than that of any other heavily traveled region of the world C) the ships. and the planes couldn't contact with their base due to the lack of equipments D) the weather in Bermuda Triangle is always stormy E) the first mention of disappearances in the area was made in 1945

11. It is pointed out in the passage that ----. A) thousands of people lost their lives in the Bermuda Triangle in 1945 B) all of the disappearances happened during the day time C) the Bermuda Triangle mystery was solved in 1945 D) most of the missing planes could contact with their base by their own special means until the very moment of disappearing E) the ocean floor near Bermuda, highly unexplored, is host to many strange phenomena 12. The reading mainly deals with ----. A) why so many ships and planes disappear in the Bermuda Triangle B) the mysterious disappearances of ships and planes in the Bermuda Triangle C) the location of the Bermuda Triangle D) the frequency of the disappearances in the Bermuda Triangle E) the unpredictable weather conditions in the Bermuda Triangle

Find the sentences that are closest in meaning to the one given 1. She realized the danger she had been in only after she had read the newspaper the following morning. A) Although she was aware of the danger, she didnt get frightened. B) She realized what kind of dangers one might have had when he was reading a paper. C) When she read the newspaper, she found herself in a danger she had already realized.

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D) She was lucky that she had survived the danger as the papers expressed. E) She hadnt been aware of the danger she was in until she read the newspaper. 2. I have persuaded Tom to become the new secretary of the club. A) I am considering Tom for the job of secretary. B) I asked Tom to be the secretary of the club and Tom agreed. C) Tom is wondering whether to accept to be the secretary. D) Tom begged to become secretary of the club. E) I offered Tom to take the job but he didn't accept it. 3. We won't be getting married until we have had enough money. A) We will marry when we have had enough money. B) We won't be married although we have enough money. C) We won't marry even when we have had enough money. D) We will get married because we have enough money. E) We will marry before we start to earn money. 4. I had known that my mother was sick as a result of a failing kidney, but I had not realized how much trouble my parents were having in dealing with that sickness. A) Although I had known that my mother was suffering from a failing kidney, I had not realized my parents problems caused by this illness. B) In my childhood I didnt know my mothers sickness, so I couldnt realize how much trouble my parents had. C) When I learned my mothers sickness which was the result of a failing kidney, I realized the pain my mother had. D) I hadnt realized the problems they had to deal with until my parents told me about my mothers illness. E) My parents never realized how much trouble I had to understand my mothers illness. Complete the sentences with the most appropriate options. 1. Even though the two parties appear united in negotiations, ----. A) the level of trust between them will always remain, at best, tenuous B) they werent able to agree on the subject C) they will eventually reach an agreement D) it is impossible for him to succeed E) the president unexpectedly rejected it 2. The moment I saw the sad face of my girl friend, ----. A) I begin to feel depressed

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B) I have realized that we will have a discussion about our relationship C) I had decided to leave the house D) I found out that something was wrong E) she has gone out to have a walk

3. You had better take your mobile phone with you ----. A) so that you can lose it B) or I couldnt have called you C) because I will not be at home during the whole day D) If you had wanted to go abroad E) in case you may not find one when you are in need of it 4. ---- when they learned that the chairman would not be able to join the meeting. A) Hardly had the committee learned the reason of the meeting B) When they realized why they were all there in that early time of the day C) It wasnt until they got a phone call about an urgent meeting the next day D) However professional they tried to be seen E) They will have already discussed the most important subjects 5. ----, the Grammys are the highest rated. A) There are many music awards shows in the US B) Although Grammys are considered to be highly prestigious C) Because there is only one big music awards show in the US D) Much as people are looking forward to next Grammy awards show E) Of the "big three" music awards shows