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* [1~2] Show host : Thank you for joining us. Today, we're going to talk about something that should be on every student's mind : how to study effectively. Not everyone studies the same way. What works for one person may not work for another. However, learning adviser, Dr. Min says that there are some general techniques that produces good results for most people. Let's find out more about these ______ from Dr. Min. Show host : Dr. Min, it's pleasure to have you on the show today. Can you start by telling our audience the first step to becoming a better learner? Dr. Min : Of course. The first thing people need to do is to participate in their learning. This means that they need to take direction and responsibility during the learning process and become involved in their learning. This will help them to understand and learn better when new information is introduced.

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1. ~ ?

[3]

2. ? secrets to reducing stress ways to be a great doctor effective learning strategies tips on how to handle peer pressure techniques to attract attention from the audience

[3.2]

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* [3~4] Dr. Min : Another way for active learners to be involved in their learning is to write about what they have learned. No matter what type of notes they take, ( A ), outlines, main points, lists of key words or ideas and so on, they try to write what they learned in their own words. If they are unable to, then that means they do not understand the material yet and need to go back and read it again. Show host : So, if I understand you correctly, you're saying that active learners are likely to ()(confirm/conform) what they have learned in various ways. Is that right? Dr. Min : Yes, 100% correct. Show host : Finally, can you please tell us how active learners ()(attain/retain) what they have learned? Dr. Min : Of course. Besides using many senses, active learners constantly review. They see learning as a developing and repeated procedure where classes, reading assignments, and homework are connected. By spending a little time each week reviewing, active learners become very familiar with the material. ( B ), when they review material, they try to think ()(alike/like) a teacher. This helps them to recognize the important concepts and ideas that teachers mentioned in class. This insight helps active learners focus on the central ideas of learning.

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3. (A), (B) ? (A) in addition as a result for example (B) instead Likewise Also (A) in addition for example (B) Otherwise However

[3]

4. ()~() ? () confirm conform confirm conform confirm () retain attain attain retain retain () like alike alike like alike

[3]

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5. , ? Consider, however, how the tiniest things can affect people. [3.2]

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People often say that they hope for a better world and a brighter future. But, sometimes, it is easy to feel that it is important for just one person to actually change the world. As you have seen in these stories, even as an individual, you can make a difference in the lives of those around you. The seeds of change can be planted anywhere and by anyone. You can find the power of beautiful things in you.

* [6~7] John Hand was a mail carrier who drove his mail truck on an 80-kilometer route every day through Los Altos Hills, California. The landscape on his route was plain, brown and almost completely lacking in color. Driving along his route one day he thought to himself, 'Look at how empty everything is! Do I have to breathe this dry and dusty air every single day?' He stopped at the end of a long and dusty road. He suddenly felt like his life was going to end with such ( A ), just doing boring work and driving around the same place every day. Then, a brilliant idea suddenly flashed into his mind. He thought to himself, 'I can change this landscape by planting seeds. Instead of just complaining about how ugly everything is. I can change it. I can make a difference. I can make it more beautiful.' From then on, John began throwing wild flower sees out of his window as he drove. He did this every day whether he felt like it or not. He never missed a day. Years later, he found his route covering with beautiful colorful flowers. Looking at the beautiful fields of flowers in many different colors, he realized that his life was no longer lonely and meaningless. The people of Los Altos Hills, having watched how John Hand made a difference, also started to plant flower seeds. Today, if you travel to Los Altos Hills, California, you will find the difference one man made in the world.

6. (A) ? poverty greed emptiness arrogance indifference

[3]

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7. ~ ? [2.5]

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8. ?

[4]

How would you react if you went to the store this evening, bought a "2-liter" bottle of cola, took it home and discovered that it was only three-fourths as large as the "2-liter" bottle you bought yesterday in a nearby town? In short, you bought a certain amount of goods when in reality you received less. If we did not have a common system of units that were the same size everywhere, you would encounter situations like this every day and you would never know how much of anything you were actually buying. Thus, it is important for every society to establish consistent units which eliminate many problems of trade, aid the scientific community and generally simplify communication.

Changes in Communication Skills Effects of Technology o World Trade Reasons for Different Economic Systems Need for Standard Units of Measurement Importance of Trade in the modern World

1] ( . [, ] ) ( ) ) 0 ) It is virtually impossible (others, feedback, for, to, get better, without, from you) ) [5]

=> ___________________________________________________________.

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2] . ( ) ( ) . [5] [, ] ) ) 0 ) Mahatma Gandhi, the leader of India's nonviolent independence movement, once said, "You (change/to/wish/be/you/see/must/the) in the world." => _____________________________________________________________.

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* [9~10] Today, one question that many people have is, ( A ) The first step is to tell Guinness World Records which record you are interested in breaking. (a) If you wish to try something that has not been done before, then your suggestion will need to be passed on to Guinness World Records' research department first. (b) If you want to break an existing record, then you will need to know who holds the current record, the relevant rules, and guidelines to follow when you attempt to break that record. (c) They will decide if the record is worth establishing as a new record category. If it is, then they will draw up the necessary guidelines and send them to you. (d) The easiest way to do this is by registering and completing the form found in the "Break a World Record" section of their official website. If not, then they will let you know about one of the many other records that you may wish to attempt.

9. (A) ? How can we draw up necessary guidelines?" "How do I apply to set or break a record?" "Who can become world record - holders?" "Who decides to enroll in Guinness World Records?" "Where can I find world record - holders?"

[3]

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10. (a) ~ (d) ? (a)-(c)-(b)-(d) (d)-(a)-(c)-(b) (a)-(c)-(d)-(b) (d)-(b)-(a)-(c) (d)-(a)-(b)-(c) [3]

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11. ____ ?

[3]

Guinness record holders are never paid for setting or breaking records. The international recognition of being an official Guinness world record holder is rewarding enough for their efforts. In other words, record holders are fuelled not by financial gain or a fortune but by the pleasure of setting, achieving their goals and receiving the official Guinness World Records certificate. The most important reward from setting or breaking a world record is the chance to ____________ and test it against others from around the world.

get enough rewards from the Association get hidden money and fame find happiness and satisfaction discover your unlimited potential obtain the certificate of ultimate title holder

12. (A)~(C) (

) ? [3]

A Girl with a Watering Can is one of Renoir's early portraits. Renoir bent down to the child's height so that we could see her world from her (A)(persuasion/perspective). This, he suggests, is the world that the little one sees - not the (B)(imaginary/actual) garden that adults see today, but the garden that they remember from their childhood. The child is sweetly aware of her central importance. With the greatest of skill, Renoir shows the child, not in the middle of the actual flowers and grass, but on the path. It leads away, out of the picture, into the unknown (c)(past/future), when she will no longer be part of the garden but an observer, an adult, who will enjoy only her memories of the present, now shown.

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(A) persuasion persuasion perspective perspective perspective (B) imaginary actual imaginary imaginary actual (C) past past past future future

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13. ~ ?

[2.5]

After becoming somewhat of an established artist, Renoir and his friends, Monet, Sisley and Bazille, began to oppose the traditional art style. They started painting outdoors and wanted to catch the impression of the moment and to show the effects of light in their paintings. They came to be known as 'Impressionists' because of their unique style. They used quick brushstrokes and bright colors, instead of the dark browns and blacks that had thus far dominated painting. These qualities signaled the beginning of modern art. However, in the eyes of their critics, these paintings looked unfinishing.

* (14, 3) Renoir enjoyed the Impressionist style and he liked to paint outdoor scenes, showing everyday people dancing and having a good time. But Renoir never gave up his roots as a traditional artist. In the early 1880s, Renoir changed his style to a more classical one. He now paid more attention to details. Renoir said to a friend, "I'm not exactly bored with my style of work. I just thought it was time for something new and different." As he became older, Renoir refused to ______________. Stricken with severe arthritis, he was hardly able to hold his brush any more. So he tied his brush to his wrist and hand in order to paint. He died in 1919, at the age of seventy-eight.

14. ? Renoir Deserts His Principles Renoir Goes His Own Way The Impressionist Revolution

[3]

The Triumph of Renoir over Handicap Some Unique Techniques of Impressionist

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3] ____ . [, ] ) ( ) ) 0 ) : keep, art, injuries or illnesses, from, let, creating, him [5]

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=> ___________________________________________________________________.

15. ~ ?

[2.5]

In Luncheon of the boating party, a group of Renoir's friends is enjoying that delight of all working men and women, a day out. Renoir shows us several relationships between people: notice the young man concentrating upon the girl on the right chatting, while the girl on the left is holding her puppy. But notice too the loneliness, however relaxing that can be part of anyone's experience as a lunch party. The man behind the girl with her dog is lost in a world of his own, yet we cannot help believe that his day dream is a happy one. The happy moment of the meal, the charm of the young people, the brightness of the world outside the shade - all is communicated an earthly vision of perfection.

16. East Asia ?

[2.5]

The economic changes in East Asia are one of the most significant developments in the world in the second half of the 20th century. By the 1990s this economic development has generated expectations among many observers who saw East Asia linked together in ever-expanding commercial networkers that would insure peace and harmony among nations. This optimism was, however, based on the highly dubious assumption that commercial interchange is invariably a force for peace. Such is not the case. Economic growth creates political instability within and between countries, altering the balance of power among them. Economic exchange brings people into contact but it does not bring them into agreement.

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International politics causes economic depression. East Asia has constantly enjoyed economic growth. Economic exchange does not bring peace necessarily. Democracy of East Asian countries has improved a lot. Economic development ensures international cooperation.

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3] _______ . [, ] ) ( ) ) 0 )

[5]

It is all too easy to assume that everything in life is going to work out prefectly. Some people plan their entire lives for years assuming that things will happen exactly as they hope. For example, some college students begin planning at the beginning of their freshman year what classes they will be taking through graduate school and then where they will end up working. The problem is, once they fail one class or have a bad experience that leads them to doubt their major, all of these plans fall apart. In general, we should plan __________________. Unfortunately, things do not always work out as we want, so we must be prepared for anything.

: what,

the future,

to happen,

on,

based,

we,

expect

=> _________________________________________________________________.

17. ?

[3.2]

In the old days of classical music, the leader of the orchestra was usually the first violinist, who gave the cue to start by lifting his hand or his violin bow. As music became more complicated, however, it soon required a musician whose sole purpose was to indicate the flow of the music - a conductor. One of the first conductors, Jean-Baptiste Lully, used to pound a heavy staff on the ground. Unfortunately, the heavy staff tended to make a loud pounding sound. What's more, it even killed him. One day, Lully mistakenly pounded the staff on his foot. The

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resulting would became infected, which led to his death. In later years, the staff was replaced by a rolled-up piece of music paper, which didn't make a sound and cause wounds. Finally, in the 19th century, the wooden baton replaced the scroll.

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Lully . Lully . Lully . . .

* . (18~19) 18. [2.5] Most people don't understand __________. Being alone just means being by yourself, with no one else around. You can be alone in the shower, alone while driving, alone when you're sleeping and alone in your office at work. Being lonely, on the other hand, means that you're absent from any emotional connection to the world around you - its' as if the whole world in which you live is full of strangers. Some people feel lonely in a crowd, and some people who are completely alone don't feel lonely at all.

the meaning of the word "alone' the reason why some people feel lonely why it can be lonely to be in a crowd the benefits of being alone the difference between being alone and being lonely

19.

[3] The Shaklee Corporation, which specializes in door-to-door sales of

various home-related products, advises its salespeople to use the "endless chain" method for finding new customers. Once a customer admits to liking a product, he or she can be pressed for the names of

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friends who would also appreciate learning about it. The key to the success of this method is that each new prospect is visited by a salesperson armed with the name of a friend "who suggested I call on you." Turning the salesperson away under those circumstances is difficult; it's almost like ____________. Informing your prospects that Mr. So-and-so, a friend of his, felt he would benefit by giving you a few moments of his time is as good as a sale 50 percent made.

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ignoring the proposal breaking the chain appreciating the goodwill being rude to the salesperson rejecting the friend 20. (A)~(C) ( ) ?[2.5]

The Ik are a small tribe located in East Africa. Formerly a society of hunters, the Ik were forced to become farmers when their country's government seized most of their land for a national park. (A)(Depriving/Deprived) of their right to hunt, and unable to support themselves through farming, the Ik have learned to live with the threat of starvation, which caused big changes to their family culture. They do not regard children as a blessing any longer. They know that they have to feed children and that is what Ik parents cannot do. Therefore, children are forced from home around the age of three. Left to defend themselves, the children run in packs, constantly (B)(searching/search) for food. Children treated in this fashion have no great love for their parents or grandparents. Thus, starving parents are (C)(turned down/turned away) when they seek their grown up children's help.

(A) Deprived Deprived Deprived Depriving Depriving

(B) search searching searching searching search

(C) turned away turned away turned down turned away turned down

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21. (A) ? [4] (A) The debate over intelligence and intelligence testing focuses on the question of whether it is useful to evaluate people according to a single major dimension of cognitive competence.

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(B) The answer, based on decades of intelligence research, is positive. Regardless of their form or content, tests of mental skills invariably point to the existence of a global factor that affects all aspects of cognition.

(C) And this factor seems to have a great influence on a person's practical quality of life. Intelligence as measured by IQ tests is the single most effective predictor known of individual performance at school and on the job.

(D) Is there indeed a general mental ability we commonly call "intelligence" and is it important in the practical affairs of life?

(D)-(C)-(B) (D)-(B)-(C)

(C)-(D)-(B) (B)-(D)-(C)

(C)-(B)-(D)

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* (22~24) When I started my teaching career, Jerry, one of my colleagues who was about eight years older, would take the time to point out the things I was doing wrong, and explained what some of my students didn't like about me. I always appreciated his criticism and worked hard to improve in these areas, As we became friends, he also pointed out things I was doing wrong in my personal life. Again, I appreciated his criticism. It was nice to have a friend who was willing to be so honest. ( A ) I began the sixth year of my career, Tim Hansel, an outstanding teacher, had transformed from another school. From the first day he was immensely popular with the students. Since we became team teachers, we has daily contact. It didn't tale long to find out why Tim was so popular with his students. With his students, instead of emphasizing their mistakes, he emphasized either what they did right, or what they could do. But it didn't stop there. Tim always had something good to say to me, too. He often reminded me how much my students liked me and how much they were learning because of my teaching. ( B ) we began to spend time together outside of school, he found other things to compliment me about. Eventually he helped me have confidence that I was doing right, both as a teacher and as a person. What happened to these two friendships? Sadly, the friendship with Jerry ended after many years. He had a distinguished teaching career, I know most of his criticism of me was valid and I learned a great deal from him. ( C ) one of the main reasons it ended was that the criticism was so constant. It was never balanced with any form of praise and eventually it wore me down. The other friendship, with Tim, continues to flourish after thirty years. He still has a special talent for bringing out the best in other people.

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22. , ?

[3.2]

He seemed to have a special talent for bring out the best in other people.

23. (A)~(C) ? (A) As Since Since (B) As As As (C) But So But (A) As Since (B) As Then (C) So But

[3]

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24. , (A), (B) ? ( A ) works better than ( B ). (A) Compliment Praise Criticism Compliance Censure (B) compliance criticism praise commending compliment [3]

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* (25, 5) After the average home price was down 60% from its peak, life has changed in ways big and small. Three out of five homeowners with a mortgage owe more on their loans than their houses worth. Shocked by a sharp loss of property and sales tax income, cities have cut budgets, workers and public services. ( A ). Senior centers are open fewer hours. Families have adjusted, too. They have forgotten dreams of making big dollars on real estates. Many now count the years until they no longer owe much on their homes than they're worth, stay in survival mode, and wait for recovery.

25. ?

[3]

5] , (A) . [, ] ) ( ) ) 0 ) : in, is, city parks, the mowed, less, being, often, grass [5]

=> ____________________________________________________________________.

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1. 3 2. 3 3. 5 4. 1 5. 2 6. 2 7. 3 8. 4 1. for you to get better without feedback from others. 2. must be the change you wish to see 9. 2 10. 5 11. 4 12. 5 13. 5 14. 3 3. let injuries or illnesses keep him from creating art 15. 2 16. 3 4. we expect to happen what based on the future. 17. 2 18. 5 19. 5 20. 2 21. 4 22. 3 23. 1 24. 2 25. 4 5. grass is being mowed less often in the city park

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