Linear Motion Exericse for Physics Grade 12 Questions 1 to 3 relate to the following information.

At take off the Pilatus PC-9/A typically has a total mass of 2500 kg. Starting from rest the PC-9/A needs 245 m of runway to achieve its take off speed of 43.9 ms-1 (158 kmh-1).

Question 1 How long would it take for the PC-9/A to reach its take off speed of 43.9 ms-1?

s
Question 2 What would be the magnitude of the PC-9/A's average acceleration during its take off run?

ms-2
Question 3 How much work would be done by the engine of the PC-9/A in accelerating it from rest to its take off speed of 43.9 ms-1?

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Linear Motion Exericse for Physics Grade 12 P

Questions 4 and 5 relate to the following information. Figure 1 shows a PC-9/A some time after it has taken off. It is flying with a steady speed of 54.0 ms-1 at a constant height of 500 m. It has a total mass of 2500 kg and a wing area of 16.29 m2. S

CM

CM = centre of mass

R
Figure 1

Question 4 On the diagram shown in Figure 1 the forces acting on the aeroplane are labelled P, Q, R and S. In the following table which of the choices, A D, correctly matches the force to the appropriate letter. Lift A. B. C. D. S P S P Thrust P S P S Weight R Q Q R Drag Q R R Q

Question 5 For the situation described in Figure 1 the total lift force on the PC-9/A needs to be: A. Lift = 2500 N. B. Lift = 25 kN. C. Lift > 2500 N. D. Lift > 25 kN.

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Linear Motion Exericse for Physics Grade 12 Questions 6 to 9 relate to the forces that are acting on the pilot and the following additional information. A short time later the pilot performed the loop shown in Figure 2. The pilot has a mass of 80 kg. At point P the PC-9/A is at the bottom of the loop on an arc of radius, r, and flying with a horizontal speed of 450 kmh-1. At point Q the PC-9/A is at the top of the loop, upside down and travelling at an unknown speed along an arc of radius r metres.
Q

P Figure 2

Question 6 Which of the diagrams below, A D, correctly shows the forces acting on the pilot at point 'P'?
FN

FN

0N

A.

B.

C.

D.

Question 7 Which of the diagrams below, A D, correctly shows the forces acting on the pilot at point 'Q'?
FN

W FN W 0N

A.

B.

C.

D.

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Linear Motion Exericse for Physics Grade 12

Question 8 At point 'P' at the bottom of the loop the pilot experiences a force of 4.00g. If the PC-9/A were flying at a speed of 450 kmh-1 at this point, what would be the radius, r, of the arc along which it was flying?

m
Question 9 At point 'Q' at the top of the loop the pilot said that he 'felt that he was weightless'. If the PC-9/A were flying along an arc of radius r m at point 'Q', as calculated in Question8, at what speed measured in kilometres per hour would it have been travelling at this instant?

kmh-1

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Linear Motion Exericse for Physics Grade 12 Questions 10 and 11 relate to the following information. The combined mass of the pilot and the PC-9/A is 2500 kg. The pilot flew the plane in a horizontal circle as shown by the diagrams in Figures 3a and 3b.
FL

R W

Figure 3a

Figure 3b

Whilst flying the PC-9/A in a horizontal circle the pilot kept the airspeed at a constant 90.0 ms-1. It took the plane 15.0 seconds for it to complete one full circle. Question 10 What was the radius, R, of the horizontal circle that the PC-9/A flew around?

m
(2 marks)

Question 11 If the angle, o, at which the PC-9/A was banked whilst flying around the horizontal circle, was 60.0o, how much lift did the PC-9/A's wing produce?

N
(2 marks)

1. 2.

velocity; acceleration v = x/t; a = v/t equations for constant acceleration x = ut + at2, x = vt - at2,
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Linear Motion Exericse for Physics Grade 12

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Newton's 2nd Law Gravitational potential energy near the surface of the earth Kinetic Energy Mechanical work Power Acceleration due to gravity

x = (u + v)t v = u + at, v2 = u2 + 2ax F = ma Ug = mgh Ek = mv2 W = Fx P = W/t = E/t = Fv g = 10 ms-2

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Linear Motion Exericse for Physics Grade 12

Solutions
Question 1 How long did it take for the PC-9/A to reach its take off speed of 43.9 ms-1? u=0.0 ms-1 v=43.9 ms-1 x=245 m t=? x=12(u+v)t 245=12(0.00+43.9)t 490=43.9t t=49043.96=11.2 s

11.2 s Question 2 What would be the magnitude of the PC-9/A's average acceleration during its take off run? u=0.0 ms-1 v=43.9 ms-1 x=245 m a=? 3.93 ms-2 Question 3 v2=u2+2ax 43.92=0.02+2a245 1927.21=0+490a a=1927.21490=3.93 ms-1

How much work would be done by the engine of the PC-9/A in accelerating it from rest to its take off speed of 43.9 ms-1?
W=Fd=mad W=25003.93245 W=2.41106 J 2.41 x 106 J Question 4 Answer: 'D' Explanation: Choice 'D' correctly identifies the forces acting on the PC-9/A. Question 5 Answer: 'B' Explanation: The PC-9/A is flying at a constant altitude. This means that its acceleration in the vertical direction is 0.0 ms-2. This in turn means that the net vertical force must be 0 N. So the total lift force must be equal to the PC-9/A's weight. W=mg W=250010 W=25000 N W=25 kN Or: W=Ek=12mv2 W=12250043.92 W=2.41106 J

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Linear Motion Exericse for Physics Grade 12 Question 6 Answer: 'C' Explanation: Choice 'C' correctly identifies the forces acting on the pilot at Point P. Question 7 Answer: 'B' Explanation: Choice 'B' correctly identifies the forces acting on the pilot at Point Q. Question 8 At the point P as shown in Figure 2 the pilot experiences a force of 3.00g, giving him an 'apparent weight' of: 4.008010=3200 N. This 'apparent weight' force is due to the lift generated by the PC9/A's wings. F=mv2r=FN-W 450 kmh-1=125 ms-1 80125 2r=3200-800 r=80125 22400=521 m
W = 800 N

F N = 3200 N

1 25 m s-1

Figure 2

Question 9 If the pilot were to feel 'weightless' at the top of the loop at point Q then the Fplane on pilot = 0 N. F=mv2r=FN+W mv2r=0+W 80v2521=8010 v2=900 v=72.2 ms-1=72.23.6=260 kmh-1 Question 10 C=2r d=vt=90.015.0=1350 m 1350=2r r=13502=215 m
521 m

Q vms-1

W = 800 N

Figure 2

FL

Figure 3b

Question 11 The vertical component of the lift force, FL, must be equal to the aeroplanes weight. The angle that FL makes with the vertical is 60.0o. Using trigonometry gives:

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Linear Motion Exericse for Physics Grade 12

WFL=cos(60o) FL=Wcos(60.0o) W=mg W=250010

W=25000 N FL=25000cos(60.00) FL=50000 N N FL=5.00104 N

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