abdominal obesity

type of obesity associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and increased triglyceride levels

abondonment

the most frequently cited fear associated with dying a precancerous lesion occurring on sun damaged skin
a behavioral pattern of substance use characterized by a compulsion to take the substance
the directive which is a signed document in which the client has specified what type of medical care is desired should he/she lose the ability to make decisions

actinic keratosis

addiction

advaned

aerobic

type of exercise increases HDL levels (good cholesterol)

aggravating

factors that cause pain to get worse

agina pectoris

sever pain and a sense of constriction about the heart. inability to recoginze familiar objects perceived by one or more senses a substance that when combined with the receptor produces or promotes the drug effect

agnosia

agonists

akenetic mutism

state of unresponsiveness to the enviornment in which the patient makes no volunatry movement

albacore

type of tuna recommended to limit consumption to 6oz/week due to high levels of methyl mercury

albumin

the study of the interaction of foods with spedific genes to increase the risk of common chronic diseases tools used most often acute situations to determine a particualr treatmen based on the patient information or response

algorythym

allergen

substance that causes an allergy

allergy

an inappropriate response to substances that are normally harmless factors that cause pain to get better

alleviating

alogogenic

causing pain

ambivalence

having simultaneous, but contradictory feelings about something, it is a sign of being spiritually distressed

anaphylaxis

clinical response to a reaction between a specific antigen and antibody

anergy

an absent or decreased reaction to skin sensitivity tests

aneurysm

a weakening in the arterial wall

antagonists

a substance that when combined with the receptor blocks, inhibits or reverses the effect of the agonists

anthropometric

measurements of the human body such as height, weight, and skinfold thickness these meds are not given for 24hrs after t-PA treatment

anticoagulants

anuria

absence of urine output

anxiety

emotional stte of apprehension discomfort, restlessness or worry

aphasia

loss of speech

apnea

a temporary cessation of breathing

apoptosis

programmed cell death that results from the

Apraxia

inablility to peform a previously learned action

arthritis

inflammation of a joint

arthrosclerosis

fatty deposits accumulated inside the artery, accompanied with inflammation loss of muscle coordination

ataxia

Atopy

term used to describe immunoglobulin Emediated diseases

autoregulation

the brains ability to change the diameter of its blood vessels to maintain a constant cerebral blood flow during alterations in the systmic blood pressure twisted arterial & venous capillaries associated with secondary intracerebral hemorrhage, usually congenital

AV malformation

basal cell

most common form of skin cancer, that rarely metastasizes but frequently reoccurs
legal charge which can be made against a healthcare worker who forces treatment on a client, such as artificial feeding

battery

bereavement

the time of grieving

bereavement

feelings that occur after a loss

bradykinin

a substance that stimulates nerve fibers and causes pain

irreversible loss of all brain function, including the brainstem producing coma, the absence of brainstem reflexes, and apnea a type of pain that suddenly increases despite the administration of pain relieving medications

brain death

breakthrough

breast conservation treatment

limited surgery followed by radiation

cachexia

a state of malnutrition and wasting

calcium

supplement that shows a small beneficial effect on diastolic BP, useful in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

candidiasis

a yeast infection of skin or mucous membranes the human body consists of 4 major substances and this 1 minor substance surgery involving removal of atherosclerotic plaque from the carotids

carbohydrate

carotid endartectomy

cerebral edema

an abnormal accumulation of water or fluid in the intracellular space, extracellular space, or both, associated with an increas in the volume of brain tissue

cholesterol

a precursor of the adrenal and sex hormones, is also a component of nerve tissue of the brain & spinal cord adn tissues of the liver, adrenals and kidneys, is also in bile

chronic

pain that lasts 6 months or longer

Clinical pathway

tools for tracking a patient's progress toward achieving positive outcomes within specified time frames
people who tend to manifest unhealthy patterns in relationships revealing a need to be needed, an urge to control others an da willingness to remain involved with a drug/alcohol dependent person

codependent

concussion

an injury to the brain with temporary loss of neurologic function and no apparent structural damage when under certain situations the body cannot manufacture enough of a nutrient we refer to that as a ___________ essential nutrient.
quality improvement focuses on the process used to provide care, with the aim of improving quality by assessing and improving processes that affect patient outcomes and satisfaction

conditionally

continious

contusion

an injury to the brain where tissue is bruised and damage in a specific area because of severe acceleration-deceleration force or blunt trauma

coronary artery disease

also known as coronary heart disease

coronary occlusion

the cause of a heart attack

CPP

the amount of pressure needed to maintain cerebral perfusion

cryosurgery

destroys tumor cell by deep freeing the tissue

cryptogenic

meaning "no known cause" it is the most common type of stroke

learned patterns of behavior, beliefs and values that are shared by a particular group of people

culture

cushing triad

bradycardia, hypotension, and bradypnea associated with ischemia and infarction in the brain an increase in systolic blood pressure with the widening of the pulse pressure and cardiac rate slowing due to decrease cerebral blood flow slightly bluish, grayish, or dark purple discoloration of the skin caused by poor oxygenation generic term for nonantibody proteins that act as intercellular mediators, as in the generation of immune response.

cushings response

cyanosis

cytokines

cytomegalovirus

herpes virus that may cause retinitis in people with AIDS

DASH

this diet, recommended for those with hypertension, is high in fruits, vegs, and moderate in low-fat dairy and low in animal protein

decebrate

extreme extension of the upper and lower extremeties abnormal flexion of the upper extremities and extension of the lower extremities word that refers to the upper motor neurons crossing death from this precludeds the use of any organs for transplantation

decortication

decussate

dehydration

depression

often underdiagnosed inhospitalized patients it is sadness, distress and hopelessness felt by a person

diabetes insipidus

a complication of increased ICP it is the result of decreased secretion of ADH

damage to the brain that occurs throughout the cerebral hemispheres, corpus colossum and the brain stem

diffused axinal injury

diligence

based on the principle of due _________, agencies inform employees of at-risk working conditions

disguesia

a distorted sense of taste

ductal carcinoma in situ

a proliferation of malignant cells inside the milk ducts without invasion into the surrounding tissue

Durable power of attorney

a document which gives another person power to make medical treatment decisions for a client

dysarthria

difficulty speaking caused by paralysis of the muscles used in speech

dysphagia

difficulty swallowing

dysphasia

impaired speech

embolism

a circulating mass of undissolved matter

morphine-like neurotransmitters produced by the body that reduce or inhibit the transmission of pain

endorphins

energy

the capacity to do work

epidural hematoma

injury to the head where blood may collect in the epidural space between the skull and the dura matter

erythema

diffuse redness of the skin

erythematosus

systemic lupus __________ is a result of disturbed immune regulation that causes an exaggerated production of antibodies, specifically B and T cells both contributing to the response

essential

a nutrient the human body requires but cannot manufacture enough of it for its needs intentional killing of a dependent human being for his/her alleged benefit a belief in something a person cannot see

euthanasia

faith

faith

belief and trust in God or a higher power

family

group whose member are related by reciprocal caring

done under CT guidance, this is a transthoracic procedure done to aspirate cells from a suspicious area the limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or uncertain ability to acquire food
amendment to the constitution which refers to the right of liberty, including the right to be left alone, not invaded, or treated against one's will

fine needle aspiration

food insecurity

fourteenth

funtional

foods containing both zoochemicals and phytochemicals are sometimes called __________ foods.

Glascow coma scale

a neurological assessment based on eye opening, verbal response, and motor response

gluteal femoral obesity

excess body fat centered around the butt, hips and thighs

hapten

incomplete antigen

health

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the abstence of disease

health-illness continium

a description of a person's health status as a range with poor health on one end and wellness on the other end

heart failure

when the heart cannot keep up with the demands of the body the type of iron more readily absorbed by the body

heme

hemianopsia

loss of 1/2 of the visual field

hemiparesis

weakness on one side of the body

hemiplasia

paralysis on one side of the body

herniation

caused by increased ICP the brain pushes out of the skull through the foramen magnum
substances in the body that causes increased gastric secretion, dilation of capillaries, and constriction of the bronchial smooth muscle healthcare facility dedicated to the philosophy that people have the right to die in the setting of their choice and in reasonable comfort the Knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem who sheltered the sick and religious pilgrims

histamine

hospice

hospitallers

hydrogenated

a dietary source of trans fats. example- partially ______ oils.

hyperlipo proteinemia

increased lipoprotein and fats in the blood, usually associated with NIDDM BP of 140/90 or higher on at least 3 occasions

hypertension

hypertension

a reduction in sodium of 1500mg is recommended for those of African American descent or who have___________, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease

increased ICP

an intracranial pressure greater than 15mmHg

infarction

deprivation of blood supply to a tissue

insulin resistence syndrome

another name for metabolic syndrome

interferons

proteins formed when cells are exposed to viral or foreign agents

yellowing of the skin, whites of the eyes and mucus membranes d/t excessive bilirubin in the blood

jaundice

kaposis

a sarcoma associated with HIV that involves the endothelial layer of blood & lymphatic tissue

kilocalorie

the amount of heat required to reaise 1 kilogram of water 1 degree celsius. A measurement unit of energy

Korsakoff's syndrome

personality changeds such as psychosis, disorientation, delirium, insomnia, & hallucinations which can occur post-operatively with aneurysm coiling

left sided heart failure

heart failure on this side of the lung produces shortness of breath, wet lung sounds and frothy pink sputum

leukemia

a neoplastic proliferation of one particular blood cell type

leukoplakia

a precancerous lesion of the mucous membranes a group of chemical mediators that initiate the inflammatory response

leukotrienes

Lipoprotein lipase

enzyme required to break down chylomicrons and VLDL particles in the blood most common procedure, involving the surgical removal of a love of the lung
results from a lesion affecting the pons and results in paralysis and the inability to speak, but vertical eye movements an dlid elevation remains intact

lobectomy

locked-in

lonliness

a precursor to depression, it is associated with soical isolation and lack of social support

lucunar stroke

another name for small artery thrombotic strokes

lycopene

found in tomatoes and grapefruit this phytochemical reduces risk for prostate cancer and heart disease

lymphedema

swelling of the arm that occurs when lymph channels are inadequate to return flow of the lymph to the blood

macrophage

large immune cell that can harbor large quantities of HIV acting as a reservoir the most lethal of skin cancers this occurs when body cells receive too much or too little of one ore more nutrients

malignant melanoma

malnutrition

MAOI's

class of medications, used to treat depression and parkinson's, combined with a tyramine rich food diet can cause hypertension

maslow

theorist who created a hierarchy of human needs

a condition with three or more of th efollowing signs: glucose intolerance, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL, hypertension, and abdeominal obesity

metabolic syndrome

metabolis

the sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place in the body
neurologic monitoring device that measures levels of glutamate, lactate, pyruvate, and glucose

microdialysis

Monro-Kellie

states that any increase in brain tissue, blood , or CSF will cause a decrease in the other components

mons micrographic surgery

a tissue-sparing technique of shaving a tumor layer by layer to determine when all tissue margins are free of cancer cells

mourning

individual, group, or cultural expressions of grief and associated behaviors the medial diagnosis for heart attact

myocardial infarction

nociceptors

neuronal receptors involved in the transmission of pain preceptions to and from the brain

nonessential

a nutrient not needed in the diet because the body cna manufature it. medication that decreases pain by inhibiting Cyclooxygenase (COX). pain and stiffness in the back of the neck

NSAIDs

nuchal rigidity

nursing

defined by the ANA as the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to health and illness

nutrients

chemical substances supplied by food that the body need for growth, maintenance and repair

nutrigenomics

the study of the interaction of foods with specific genes to increase the risk of common chronic diseases

nutrition

the science of food

oliguria

devreased or diminished output of urine

omega 3's fatty acids

when coming from fish oil, these supplements are associated with decreased arrhythmias and sudden death lower triglycerides and reduced blood clotting tendencies

opioids

pain relievers controlled by the FDA, whose side effects include respiratory depression, constipation, pruritus, nausea & vomiting

orange

a vitamin C rich food that enhances iron absorption federally enacted legislation that ensures safe and healthy work conditions a scaly, erythematous, pruritic lesion of the nipple representing DCIS of the nipple
an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage

OSHA

pagets disease

pain

palliative

the goal of this type of care is the relief of symptoms to alleviate or ease pain and discomfort

palliative

comprehensive care for the seriously ill whose disease is not responsive to cure proliferation of newly formed synovial tissue infiltrated with inflammatory cells artificial feeding tube used to help reduce the suffering of dying
this type of disease has been linked to a increase in stroke possible due to the inflammatory response and the chronic bacterial infection

pannus

PEG

peridontal disease

persistent vegitative state

a condition in which the unresponsive patient resumes sleep-wake cycles

petechiae

pinpoint red or purple hemorrhagic spots on the skin nonnutrient, physiologically active food ingredients in plant sources
phytosterols that structurally resemble cholesterol but bind with bile and cholesterol increating their excretion in the feces

phytochemicals

plant sterols

pneumbra region

area of low blood flow around the infarction which may be saved with timely intervention a type of pneumonia common to people with AIDS

pneumoncystitis

pneumonectomy

surgical removal of an entire lung

polymorphism

occurrence of more than 1 form within a cycle, species, or group

found in green tea, this phytochemical reduces risk for prostate cancer and heart disease when medical treatment is ethically mandatory to the extent that it is likely to confer greater benefits, than burdens, to the client

polyphenols

porportionality

positive feedback

when the presence of the second condition worsens the first

potassium

supplement tha promotes urinary excretion of sodium prevention focuses on health promotion and preventing illness bacteria found in food that have been shown to improve gastrointestinal health the expected course of a disease
a group of chemical substances believed to increase the sensitivity of pain receptors by enhancing the pain-provoking effect of bradykinin

primary

probiotics

prognosis

prostaglandins

provirus

viral genetic material in the form of DNA that has been integrated into the host genome
field of study that examines connections between the emotions and the cns, neuroendocrine and immune systems

psychoneuroimmuniology

psyllium

fiber supplement when added to the diet is associated with reduced CHD
development of sever anxietytype symptoms after the experience of a traumatic even

PTSD

raynauds

a phenomenon of cold and stress induced vasospasm causing episodes of digital blanching or cyanosis

referral

system that maintains continuity of care when the patient is transferred to home or a longterm facility

retrovirus

a virus that carries genetic material in RNA instead of DNA

heart failure on the side of the heart produces peripheral edema, small bowel edema and anorexia

right sided heart failure

saunders

british doctor who inspired the hospice movement in the US in the early 1970s prevention centers on health maintenance, early detection and prompt intervention

secondary

secondary high blood pressure

high BP that occurs as a result of another event or disease in the body, ie. pregnancy, some medications, idseases of the kidney, adrenal gland, or nervous systme

sensitization

the phenomenon that occurs when pain becomes so intense that it is difficult to relieve
first node in the lymph chain that receives drainage from the primary tumor in the breast

sentinal lympy node

seroma

a collection of serous fluid that may accumulate under teh breast incision site chemical mediator that acts ad a potent vasoconstrictor and bronchoconstrictor

serotonin

sexuality

a concept involving on only biological sexual activity but also one's concept of the masculine and feminine

SIADH

a complication of increased intracranial pressure it is the result of increased secretion of ADH

small cell lung cancer

represents 15-20% of lung cancers and usually arise in the major bronchi and spread along the bronchial wall
a precursor to depression, it is associated with social isolation and lack of social support.____________ complaints can be headache, backache, abdominal pain, fatigue, anxiety and sexual disfunctions

somatic

spirituality

a personal belief system that allows people to experience self-transcendence and find meaning in life

spirituality

connectedness with self, others, a life force, or God that allows people to experience self-transcendence and find meaning in life

squamous cell

a skin cancer that is truly invasive, metastasizing by blood or lymphatic system another name for reductase inhibitors cells that are precursors of all blood cells. resides primarily in bone marrow inflammation of the mouth

statin

stem

stomatitis

stroke

brain attack

subarachnoid hemorrhage

hemorrhage into the subarachnoid space producing reduced perfusion and vasospasm

subdural hematoma

a collection of blood between the dura and the brain

telangiectasia

vascular lesions caused by dilated blood vessels

tertiary

prevention focuses on minimizing deteriorization and improving quality of life, including rehabilitation

threshold

the smallest stimulus for which a person feels pain

thrombus

blood clot

TIA

a neuroligic deficit caused by impaired blood flow that usually lasts less than an hour the need to increase the dosage of an opioid to achieve the same theraputic effect treatment for ischemic stroke which must occur wihtin a 3 hour window

tolerance

TPA

tPA

given within 3 hours of a stroke, this med binds to fibrin & cornverts plasminogen to plasmin, which stimulated fibrinolysis (destruction) of the atherosclerotic lesion

transdermal

a route of medication admninistration that occurs through contact with the skin
an approach to the brain through the mouth and nasal sinuses often used to gain access to the pituitary gland
a complication of cancer treatment where cell destruction releases a large amount of intracellular contents into the bloodstream causing electrolyte imbalances

transsphenoidal

tumor lysis syndrome

urticaria

hives

ventriculostomy

a ventricular cather monitoring device used for measuring ICP the anticoagulant pill that inhibits clot formation a syndrome with involuntary weight loss of 10% of baseline body

warfrin

wasting

xerostomia

condition of dry mouth d/t decreased saliva nonnutrient, physioloically active food ingredients in animal cources

zoochemicals