Subcutaneous Agent Pseudallescheria boydii

Other Names Disease Caused Anamorph: Eumycotic -Scedosporium mycetoma apiospermum -Graphium apiospermum

Microscopic Hyphae Broad, septated Others Unicellular brownish conidia develop on hyphae or erect annellophore

Colony Appearance Obverse White and fluffy becoming brownblack Reverse Gray to black Yeast

Notes Teleomorph -with sexual ascocorps (cleisthotheciastructure that encloses conidia) -walls=2-3 layers of septate interwoven hyphae -with asci from cleisthothecia -each ascus develop ascospores

Sporothrix schenckii

Sporotricho Delicate, sis septate

With small clear pyriform conidia which may form a rosette

Cream to white with black glaborous texture, may develop dark pigments MATURE: flat leathery to velvet and black Olive green- olive gray to black spreading and flat (velvety or wooly) Gray-green or olive green to grayish lavender spreading heaped or folded Olive green gray black flat

White, beige or tan

Fonsecaea pedrosoi

Chromobla Dark brown stomycosis septate branching Chromobla Greenish stomycosis brown septate

Jet black

3 types of conidiation: = Rhinocladiella (1 and 2) =cladosporidium Sclerotic bodies (copper pennies) in chain/ clusters

Cladophialophora carrionii

Tree like conidiation; lateral/terminal, pale, greenish brown; distal ends are slightly swollen with long branching chains of blastoconidia Conidiogenous cells develop laterally/ terminally from hyphae (Conidiophores are indistinguishable from the hyphae)

Jet black

Wangiella dermaditidis

Septate and branched

Jet black Mucoid shiny black

Bipolaris

Teleomorph: Cochliobolus spp.

Phaeohypo Pale brown Straight, fusiform to mycosis pseudosepta ellipsoidal, rounded at te conidia both ends, smooth to finely roughened and germinates only from the ends

Effuse, grey to black blackish brown, suede like to fluccose

Curvularia

Phaeohypo Dematiaceou Conidiophores are mycosis s simple or branched and are bent, darkly pigmented multicellular conidia with traverse septa producing whorls Phaeohypo grayish short Conidia: acropetal mycosis aerial chains and produce hyphae germ tubes

White to pinkish gray; olive brown or black

Dark brown to black

Large dark conidia with darker swollen central cells resembling a crescent roll or curved appearance

Alternaria

Flat, downy to wooly covered by grayish short aerial hyphae

Brown to black

ovoid, darkly pigmented dark brown/ dark muriform, smooth or green with a white roughened fringe large club shaped and beaked Basiodiobolus Entomopht Vegetative horales hyphae Smooth thick walled zygospores Flat yellowish gray to creamy gray glaborous becoming radially folded and covered by a fine powdery white surface mycelium Flat, cream colored, glaborous becoming radially folded and covered by fine white powdery surface tan to brown Lacazia loboi/ Loboa loboi Keloidal blastomycosis or lobo's disease Lobomycos is Satellite colonies are often formed by germinating conidia

Conidiobolus

Entomopht horales

Simple forming terminal conidia which are spherical, single celled and have a prominent papilla

Conidia may be also produce hair like appendages called vilae conidia germinate to produce 1. single/ multiple hyphal tubes or 2. replace by producing multiple short conidiophores each, bearing a small 2 conidium

Chronic localized, subepidermal infxn. Keloidal, verrucoid, nodular lesions vegetating crusty plaques and tumors

Rhinosporidium seeberi

rhinosporid iosis

Now under kingdom protista infects mucosa of nasal cavity producing a mass like lesion with a granular surface with whitish spores Strawberry like mullberry mass affect lacrimal gland and also the skin and genitalia

Systemic mycoses

Other names

Disease Caused Blastomycosis

Colony White beige to brown waxy glaborous texture prickly at center reverse: tan to brown

Microscopic Other Ropelike strands fine hyaline and septate hyphae Conidia Hyaline pyriform or globose thick smooth wall of the conidia are doubly refractile (lollipop) Yeast

Serology Spherical to A and B pyriform A- more broad based useful budding yeast figure 8 or hourglass

Notes dimorphic

Blastomyces -Gilchrist's dermaditidis disease -North American blastomycosis

Coccidioides -San Joaquin immitis fever -Desert fever -Posada's dse -Desert rheumatism

Coccidioidomycosi White, floccose s white to gray but More severe in: strains with -dark skinned lavender buff -pregnancy(high cinnamon, yellow/ levels of estradiol brown-black and reverse: tan to progesterone) dark brown/ Reservoir: orange -alkaline desert soil -dust storms -desert rodents

Membranous or glaborous with hyphae cob webs racquet hyphae, septate hyaline

Coccidioidin Disjuctors/ disjuncture - mold cells (mold form)contains the spherulinarthroconidia, fragment yeast when mature freeing the arthroconidia Arthroconidia- single celled, barrel shaped/rectangular mature contains endospores and asteroid bodies. In host tissues: spherules are round and refractive usually have thick walls

Histoplasma -Darling's dse capsulatum -Spelunker's -caver's -tingo -maria fever reticuloendotheli osis reticuloendotheli alcytomycosis Teleomorph: Ajellomyces capsulatus

var capsulatum (fungal respiratory) var duboisii african (bones and skin) var farciminosum epizootic Reservoir: -soil with high Na -droppings of chickens and bats -poultry house litters

Mold: White beige brown fluffy glaborous/ wooly yeast: White, light tan mucoid, rough membranous

Tuberculate forming finger like extensions resembling sun flower in bloom

Blastoconidi a- small and ovoid

Dimorphic unique risk factors: -airborne transmission -highly contagious -epidemics involve inhalation of large # of conidia -not threat to immune compromised

Paracoccidio S. American ides Blastomycosis brasilliensis

MOT: Airborne

Mold: Very fine young: white to hyaline septate Risk factors: cream with short, -adult males downy aerial -malnutrition and mycelia and immunocompromi elevated centers sed mature: flat, with a membranous or velvety texture and cerebriform or folded topography pigment beige or brown/ yellow White to cream and opaque, mucoid Spherical budding encapsulated rarely short hyphal forms are seen and filamentous variants have been isolated

Few small oval to pyriform truncate on short conidiophores or sessile hyphae

Large spherical cells with thick walls Mariner's wheel

Paracoccidi oidin-E -yeast

Reservoir and unique risk factors: -plants -armadillos -acid soil in humid areas

Cryptococcu -Saccharomyces s neoformans neoformans -Blastomyces neoformans -Cryptococcus hominis

Globose to ovoid budding yeast cells surrounded with gelatinous capsules

Cryptococc India ink al capsular polysacchar disease of the brain and ide antigen meninges inhalation of basidiospores