NAMA:MUHAMMAD HAKIMI BIN ABDUL HAMID KELAS:1 SIGMA GURU:PUAN SURIANEE

INTRODUCTION :
The atmosphere of Earth is a layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth that is retained by Earth's gravity. The atmosphere protects life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation, warming the surface through heat retention (greenhouse effect), and reducing temperature extremes between day and night.

One of the most important factor drawing international attention which is a dangerous threat to the ecosystem is AIR pollution. The atmosphere, which makes up the largest fraction of the biosphere, is a dynamic system that continuously absorbs a wide range of solids, liquids and gases from both natural and man made sources. These substances travel through air, disperse and react with one another and with other substances both physically and chemically. Most of these constituents, eventually find their depository such as the ocean, or to a receptor such as man. Various amounts of contaminants continuously enter the atmosphere through both natural and man made processes present on the earth. That portion of these substances which interacts with the environment to cause toxicity , disease , aesthetic distress, physiological effects or environmental decay, has been labeled by man as a pollutant.

Air pollution is the contamination of theatmosphere by any toxic or radioactive gases andparticulate matter as a result of human activity.There are 5 major air pollutants such as carbonmonoxide (CO), sulphur oxides (SO, SO2, SO3),particulates, hydrocarbons, and photochemicaloxidants.

The composition of air Nitrogen Oxygen Inert Gases & Others Carbon Dioxide

The average percentage of its components by volume 78% 21% 0.97% 0.03%

OBJECTIVES of THE PROJECT :

To laern more about air pollution. To determine the causes of air pollution. To determine the effect of air pollution. To determine how ways to control air pollution. I can learn how to use computer software such as Microsoft Word to prepare this folio.

Effect of Air Pollution

The Greenhouse Effect
The greenhouse effect is a process by which radiative energy leaving a planetary surface is absorbed by some atmospheric gases, called greenhouse gases. They transfer this energy to other components of the atmosphere, and it is re-radiated in all directions, including back down towards the surface.

Thinning Of The Ozone Layer

The thinning of the ozone layer is mainly due to chlorofluorocarbons (CFC).Once in the stratosphere, CFC are broken down by ultraviolet rays. As a result,the highly reactive chlorine radicals (Cl) are release. These chlorine radicals break down ozone molecules, or in a chain reaction.

Acid Rain

Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic. It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure through the process of wet deposition. Acid rain is caused by emissions of compounds of ammonium, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.

Sources of air pollution

Industrial activities and development

Smoke from vehicle

Electricity generation

Open burning

THE IMPORTANCE OF MAINTAINING THE CLEAN AIR

1.Air is one of the basic needs of life. 2.A clean environment is important for Survival of human beings and others living organisms 3.A clean environment guarantees the general good health of the community because all living things breathe in air 4.Air pollution affects health and causes respiratory diseases, skin diseases, eye and lungs irritations and cancer.

STEP TO INCREASE ENVIROMENTAL AWARENESS

Determine who your target audience will be. Perhaps you wish to educate your family members, young children, classmates or entire community. Decide who your target audience is so that you can tailor your campaign to them specifically.

Develop a series of events that you will host during your campaign that will help to educate others. Consider hosting workshops that will teach people ways they can preserve the environment at home, like using energy-efficient light bulbs or unplugging chargers when not in use. Alternatively, you may also show documentaries that describe environmental issues like global warming.

Host environmental field trips that allow your audience to interact with the environment and gain a greater appreciation for it. A trip to the local zoo, for example, is an opportunity for others to learn about endangered species from around the world. Have zookeepers explain the causes of the deterioration of these animals' environments, and host a question-and-answer session as well. Also, a trip to the local recycling factory can help others understand the importance of recycling materials like plastic and metal.

Distribute literature to your audience that will educate them on the most pressing environmental issues that affect them and people around the world. If you live near a busy highway, for example, include information on public health issues that arise from living in a more polluted environment. You can also include facts about the environment to help others see how they fit into preserving our planet.

STEPS TO PREVENT AIR POLLUTION

1.DO NOT SMOKE. 2.AVOID OPEN BURNING. 3.PLANTING A LOT OF TREES. 4.ENFORCING ANTI-AIR POLLUTION LAWS. 5.USE PUBLIC TRANSPORT. 6.LIMIT THE USE OF CFC IN INDUSTRY. 7.UNLEADED FUEL IN VEHICLES. 8.RELOCATE FACTORIES AWAY FROM URBAN AREAS.

DISCUSSION :
WAYS TO CONTROL AIR POLLUTION

Forming and implementing a car pool will reduce the number of cars, thereby, preventing air pollution by cutting down the use of fossil fuels.

Whenever possible, try to travel by public transports. This helps in two ways, prevents air pollution and increases public income.

If you are going to a nearby place, go by walking or use bicycle, instead of using your vehicle. The objective is to minimize the use of fuels, as far as possible.

Switch off the lights, fans, air conditioners, televisions, and other appliances, when not in use. You can also share a room with others when the air conditioner or fan is on, instead of switching them on in every room.

CONCLUSION :
As we know air is the most important need of living things. When it becomes polluted, the life of humans, plants and animals will be in danger. Air pollution means the presence of harmful substances in the air which impure our environment. Air Pollution gives rise to serious health hazards and responsible for various types of life threatening diseases. Hence it is utmost important that proper attention should be given in controlling and minimizing those activities which causes this pollution and also appropriate restriction should be put in place in using those means which contributes towards it. So, save our environment from any pollutions that can damage living things life.

REFERENCE SOURCE :
http://www.doe.gov.my/ms/content/punca-punca-pencemaran-udara http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone_depletion http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ways-to-prevent-air-pollution.html http://www.tutorvista.com/biology/conclusion-on-air-pollution http://www.scribd.com/doc/19293167/Science-Form-1-chapter-5 http://www.ehow.com/how_8229601_increase-awareness-importanceenvironment.html http://www.kirotv.com/news/news/50-tips-to-prevent-airpollution/nKr3h/ http://parkdee.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/chapter-5-the-air-aroundus-doc.pdf